glutathione [SEP] reased levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GSH), an index of oxidative stress process. Coadmini

Glutathione [SEP] A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some en


timolol [SEP] Comparison of aqueous and gellan ophthalmic timolol with placebo on the 24-hour heart rate response in patients on

Timolol [SEP] A beta-adrenergic antagonist similar in action to PROPRANOLOL. The levo-isomer is the more active. Timolol has been proposed as


glaucoma [SEP] on the 24-hour heart rate response in patients on treatment for glaucoma.

Glaucoma [SEP] An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the int


glaucoma [SEP] treatment is routine therapy in the management of patients with glaucoma. Therapy results in systemic absorption, however, the degree of


timolol [SEP] ESIGN: This trial evaluated the effect of placebo, 0.5% aqueous timolol (timolol solution) and a 0.5% timolol suspension that forms a g


open-angle glaucoma [SEP] eart rate. METHODS: Forty-three Caucasian patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension with a mean (+/-SD) age of 63 (+/-8) yea

Glaucoma, Open-Angle [SEP] Glaucoma in which the angle of the anterior chamber is open and the trabecular meshwork does not encroach on the base of the iri


ocular hypertension [SEP] ty-three Caucasian patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension with a mean (+/-SD) age of 63 (+/-8) years were randomized and

Ocular Hypertension [SEP] A condition in which the intraocular pressure is elevated above normal and which may lead to glaucoma.


Timolol [SEP]  the daytime (-7.5% change in mean heart rate, -5.7 beats/min). Timolol gellan showed a numerically but not significantly smaller reduc


bradycardia [SEP] uring the active daytime period. These data quantify the modest bradycardia associated with ophthalmic beta-blocker therapy in a typical pa

Bradycardia [SEP] Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. Th


5 flourouracil [SEP] 5 flourouracil-induced apical ballooning syndrome: a case report.

Fluorouracil [SEP] A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTH


apical ballooning syndrome [SEP] 5 flourouracil-induced apical ballooning syndrome: a case report.

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy [SEP] A transient left ventricular apical dysfunction or ballooning accompanied by electrocardiographic (ECG) T wave inversions. This


apical ballooning syndrome [SEP] The apical ballooning syndrome (ABS) is a recently described stress-mediated acute cardiac syn


ABS [SEP] The apical ballooning syndrome (ABS) is a recently described stress-mediated acute cardiac syndrome


acute cardiac syndrome [SEP] llooning syndrome (ABS) is a recently described stress-mediated acute cardiac syndrome characterized by transient wall-motion abnormalities involving

Heart Diseases [SEP] Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.


hyperkinesis [SEP] l-motion abnormalities involving the apex and midventricle with hyperkinesis of the basal left ventricular (LV) segments without obstructive

Hyperkinesis [SEP] Excessive movement of muscles of the body as a whole, which may be associated with organic or psychological disorders.


epicardial coronary disease [SEP] of the basal left ventricular (LV) segments without obstructive epicardial coronary disease. Cardiotoxicity is not an uncommon adverse effect of chemothera

Coronary Disease [SEP] An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow


Cardiotoxicity [SEP]  (LV) segments without obstructive epicardial coronary disease. Cardiotoxicity is not an uncommon adverse effect of chemotherapeutic agents. H

Cardiotoxicity [SEP] Damage to the heart or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY;


cancer [SEP] an who developed the syndrome after chemotherapy for metastatic cancer. A 79-year-old woman presented with typical ischemic chest pain

Neoplasms [SEP] New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and me


ischemic [SEP] r metastatic cancer. A 79-year-old woman presented with typical ischemic chest pain, elevated cardiac enzymes with significant ST-segmen

Ischemia [SEP] A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS,


chest pain [SEP] tic cancer. A 79-year-old woman presented with typical ischemic chest pain, elevated cardiac enzymes with significant ST-segment abnormali

Chest Pain [SEP] Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.


fluorouracil [SEP] n her electrocardiogram. She underwent recent chemotherapy with fluorouracil for metastatic colorectal cancer. Echocardiography revealed a w


colorectal cancer [SEP]  underwent recent chemotherapy with fluorouracil for metastatic colorectal cancer. Echocardiography revealed a wall-motion abnormality involving

Colorectal Neoplasms [SEP] Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMI


akinetic [SEP] ity involving the apical and periapical segments which appeared akinetic. Coronary angiography revealed no obstructive coronary lesions.

Hypokinesia [SEP] Slow or diminished movement of body musculature. It may be associated with BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; MENTAL DISORDERS; prolonged i


akinesis [SEP] ealed a normal ejection fraction and a resolution of the apical akinesis. Pathogenetic mechanisms of cardiac complications in cancer pat


cardiac complications [SEP] a resolution of the apical akinesis. Pathogenetic mechanisms of cardiac complications in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy include coronary vas

Cardiac Complexes, Premature [SEP] A group of cardiac arrhythmias in which the cardiac contractions are not initiated at the SINOATRIAL NODE. They include both atr


coronary vasospasm [SEP] omplications in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy include coronary vasospasm, endothelial damage and consequent thrombus formation. In our p

Coronary Vasospasm [SEP] Spasm of the large- or medium-sized coronary arteries.


thrombus [SEP] y include coronary vasospasm, endothelial damage and consequent thrombus formation. In our patient, both supraphysiologic levels of plas

Thrombosis [SEP] Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.


catecholamines [SEP] rmation. In our patient, both supraphysiologic levels of plasma catecholamines and stress related neuropeptides caused by cancer diagnosis as

Catecholamines [SEP] A general class of ortho-dihydroxyphenylalkylamines derived from tyrosine.


pain [SEP] Reduction of pain during induction with target-controlled propofol and remifentan

Pain [SEP] An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.


propofol [SEP] Reduction of pain during induction with target-controlled propofol and remifentanil.

Propofol [SEP] An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very shor


remifentanil [SEP] on of pain during induction with target-controlled propofol and remifentanil.

remifentanil [SEP]


Pain [SEP] BACKGROUND: Pain on injection of propofol is unpleasant. We hypothesized that pr


propofol [SEP] BACKGROUND: Pain on injection of propofol is unpleasant. We hypothesized that propofol infusion pain migh


pain [SEP]  propofol is unpleasant. We hypothesized that propofol infusion pain might be prevented by infusing remifentanil before starting the


remifentanil [SEP] ized that propofol infusion pain might be prevented by infusing remifentanil before starting the propofol infusion in a clinical setting whe

remifentanil [SEP]


Remifentanil [SEP] e target Ce was achieved, the infusion of propofol was started. Remifentanil-related complications were assessed during the remifentanil inf

remifentanil [SEP]


fluoxetine [SEP] Prenatal exposure to fluoxetine induces fetal pulmonary hypertension in the rat.

Fluoxetine [SEP] The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effec


fetal pulmonary hypertension [SEP] Prenatal exposure to fluoxetine induces fetal pulmonary hypertension in the rat.

Fetal Diseases [SEP] Pathophysiological conditions of the FETUS in the UTERUS. Some fetal diseases may be treated with FETAL THERAPIES.


pulmonary hypertension [SEP] Prenatal exposure to fluoxetine induces fetal pulmonary hypertension in the rat.

Hypertension, Pulmonary [SEP] Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.


Fluoxetine [SEP] RATIONALE: Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant wide


serotonin [SEP] RATIONALE: Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant widely used by pregnant women

Serotonin [SEP] A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily i


fluoxetine [SEP] idely used by pregnant women. Epidemiological data suggest that fluoxetine exposure prenatally increases the prevalence of persistent pulm


pulmonary hypertension syndrome [SEP] tine exposure prenatally increases the prevalence of persistent pulmonary hypertension syndrome of the newborn. The mechanism responsible for this effect is un


pulmonary hypertension [SEP] tine exposure prenatally increases the prevalence of persistent pulmonary hypertension syndrome of the newborn. The mechanism responsible for this eff


fetal pulmonary hypertension [SEP] ion. As compared with controls, fluoxetine exposure resulted in fetal pulmonary hypertension as evidenced by an increase in the weight ratio of the right ve


oxygen [SEP] ortality was increased among experimental animals, and arterial oxygen saturation was 96 +/- 1% in 1-day-old control animals and signi

Oxygen [SEP] An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on ear


Syncope [SEP] Syncope and QT prolongation among patients treated with methadone for h

Syncope [SEP] A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN ISCHEMIA). Presync


QT prolongation [SEP] Syncope and QT prolongation among patients treated with methadone for heroin dependence in

Long QT Syndrome [SEP] A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia as indicated by


methadone [SEP] Syncope and QT prolongation among patients treated with methadone for heroin dependence in the city of Copenhagen.

Methadone [SEP] A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has ac


heroin [SEP] e and QT prolongation among patients treated with methadone for heroin dependence in the city of Copenhagen.

Heroin [SEP] A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is a controlled substance (opium derivative) listed in the U.S. Code of Feder


Methadone [SEP] BACKGROUND: Methadone is prescribed to heroin addicts to decrease illicit opioid use.


heroin [SEP] BACKGROUND: Methadone is prescribed to heroin addicts to decrease illicit opioid use. Prolongation of the QT


torsade de pointes [SEP] se. Prolongation of the QT interval in the ECG of patients with torsade de pointes (TdP) has been reported in methadone users. As heroin addicts s

Torsades de Pointes [SEP] A malignant form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that is characterized by HEART RATE between 200 and 250 beats per minute


TdP [SEP] the QT interval in the ECG of patients with torsade de pointes (TdP) has been reported in methadone users. As heroin addicts someti


methadone [SEP]  of patients with torsade de pointes (TdP) has been reported in methadone users. As heroin addicts sometimes faint while using illicit dr


syncope [SEP] ing illicit drugs, doctors might attribute too many episodes of syncope to illicit drug use and thereby underestimate the incidence of


buprenorphine [SEP]  a population of adult heroin addicts treated with methadone or buprenorphine on a daily basis. Of the patients at the Drug Addiction Service

Buprenorphine [SEP] A derivative of the opioid alkaloid THEBAINE that is a more potent and longer lasting analgesic than MORPHINE. It appears to act


prolonged QTc interval [SEP]  the subjects treated with methadone, 28% men and 32% women had prolonged QTc interval. None of the subjects treated with buprenorphine had QTc interv


QT prolongation [SEP] her odds for syncope. CONCLUSIONS: Methadone is associated with QT prolongation and higher reporting of syncope in a population of heroin addic


Peripheral neuropathy [SEP] Peripheral neuropathy caused by high-dose cytosine arabinoside treatment in a patient

Peripheral Nervous System Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, pl


cytosine arabinoside [SEP] Peripheral neuropathy caused by high-dose cytosine arabinoside treatment in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia.

Cytarabine [SEP] A pyrimidine nucleoside analog that is used mainly in the treatment of leukemia, especially acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia. Cy


acute myeloid leukemia [SEP] d by high-dose cytosine arabinoside treatment in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia.

Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute [SEP] Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that


toxicity [SEP] The central nervous system toxicity of high-dose cytosine arabinoside is well recognized, but the t

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


cytosine arabinoside [SEP] The central nervous system toxicity of high-dose cytosine arabinoside is well recognized, but the toxicity of cytosine arabinoside in


acute myeloid leukemia [SEP] quently reported. A 49-year-old Japanese man was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia. After he achieved complete remission, he received high-dose cy


numbness [SEP] 21 of the second course of treatment, the patient complained of numbness in his right foot. Electromyogram and nerve-conduction studies

Hypesthesia [SEP] Absent or reduced sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation.


peripheral neuropathy [SEP]  right foot. Electromyogram and nerve-conduction studies showed peripheral neuropathy in both peroneal nerves. This neuropathy was gradually resolvin


neuropathy [SEP] . Electromyogram and nerve-conduction studies showed peripheral neuropathy in both peroneal nerves. This neuropathy was gradually resolvin

Nervous System Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, periph


graft-versus-host disease [SEP] transplantation, the symptoms worsened, with the development of graft-versus-host disease, and the symptoms subsequently responded to methylprednisolone.

Graft vs Host Disease [SEP] The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eve


methylprednisolone [SEP] versus-host disease, and the symptoms subsequently responded to methylprednisolone. Although the mechanisms of peripheral neuropathy are still unc

Methylprednisolone [SEP] A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.


Atorvastatin [SEP] Atorvastatin prevented and reversed dexamethasone-induced hypertension in th

atorvastatin [SEP]


dexamethasone [SEP] Atorvastatin prevented and reversed dexamethasone-induced hypertension in the rat.

Dexamethasone [SEP] An anti-inflammatory 9-fluoro-glucocorticoid.


hypertension [SEP] Atorvastatin prevented and reversed dexamethasone-induced hypertension in the rat.

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


atorvastatin [SEP] To assess the antioxidant effects of atorvastatin (atorva) on dexamethasone (dex)-induced hypertension, 60 male S

atorvastatin [SEP]


atorva [SEP] To assess the antioxidant effects of atorvastatin (atorva) on dexamethasone (dex)-induced hypertension, 60

atorvastatin [SEP]


dexamethasone [SEP] To assess the antioxidant effects of atorvastatin (atorva) on dexamethasone (dex)-induced hypertension, 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were tr


dex [SEP] To assess the antioxidant effects of atorvastatin (atorva) on dexamethasone (dex)-induced hypertension, 60 male Sprague-Dawley ra


hypertension [SEP] effects of atorvastatin (atorva) on dexamethasone (dex)-induced hypertension, 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with atorva 30 mg/kg/


Dex [SEP] were treated with atorva 30 mg/kg/day or tap water for 15 days. Dex increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) from 109 +/- 1.8 to 135


superoxide [SEP]  pressure (SBP) from 109 +/- 1.8 to 135 +/- 0.6 mmHg and plasma superoxide (5711 +/- 284.9 saline, 7931 +/- 392.8 U/ml dex, P < 0.001). In

Superoxides [SEP] Highly reactive compounds produced when oxygen is reduced by a single electron. In biological systems, they may be generated dur


Atorva [SEP] was significantly lower than in the dex-only group (P' < 0.05). Atorva reversed dex-induced hypertension (129 +/- 0.6 mmHg, vs. 135 +/

atorvastatin [SEP]


nitrate [SEP] +/- 392.8 dex, 1187 +/- 441.2 atorva + dex, P < 0.0001). Plasma nitrate/nitrite (NOx) was decreased in dex-treated rats compared to sal

Nitrates [SEP] Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.


nitrite [SEP] 8 dex, 1187 +/- 441.2 atorva + dex, P < 0.0001). Plasma nitrate/nitrite (NOx) was decreased in dex-treated rats compared to saline-trea

Nitrites [SEP] Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all in


kainate [SEP] Two prodrugs of potent and selective GluR5 kainate receptor antagonists actives in three animal models of pain.

Kainic Acid [SEP] (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digen


pain [SEP]  kainate receptor antagonists actives in three animal models of pain.

Pain [SEP] An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.


KA [SEP] Amino acids 5 and 7, two potent and selective competitive GluR5 KA receptor antagonists, exhibited high GluR5 receptor affinity ov


glutamate [SEP]  antagonists, exhibited high GluR5 receptor affinity over other glutamate receptors. Their ester prodrugs 6 and 8 were orally active in t

Glutamic Acid [SEP] A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in th


pain [SEP] ir ester prodrugs 6 and 8 were orally active in three models of pain: reversal of formalin-induced paw licking, carrageenan-induced


formalin [SEP] 6 and 8 were orally active in three models of pain: reversal of formalin-induced paw licking, carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia,

Formaldehyde [SEP] A highly reactive aldehyde gas formed by oxidation or incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. In solution, it has a wide range of


carrageenan [SEP] three models of pain: reversal of formalin-induced paw licking, carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia, and capsaicin-induced mechanical

Carrageenan [SEP] A water-soluble extractive mixture of sulfated polysaccharides from RED ALGAE. Chief sources are the Irish moss CHONDRUS CRISPUS


thermal hyperalgesia [SEP] : reversal of formalin-induced paw licking, carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia, and capsaicin-induced mechanical hyperalgesia.

Hyperalgesia [SEP] An increased sensation of pain or discomfort produced by mimimally noxious stimuli due to damage to soft tissue containing NOCIC


capsaicin [SEP] uced paw licking, carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia, and capsaicin-induced mechanical hyperalgesia.

Capsaicin [SEP] An alkylamide found in CAPSICUM that acts at TRPV CATION CHANNELS.


mechanical hyperalgesia [SEP] carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia, and capsaicin-induced mechanical hyperalgesia.


Sirolimus [SEP] Sirolimus and mycophenolate mofetil for calcineurin-free immunosuppressio

Sirolimus [SEP] A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation o


mycophenolate mofetil [SEP] Sirolimus and mycophenolate mofetil for calcineurin-free immunosuppression in renal transplant reci

mycophenolate mofetil [SEP]


cyclosporine [SEP] Calcineurin inhibitors, such as cyclosporine and tacrolimus, have been available for almost 20 years. Althou

Cyclosporine [SEP] A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes.


tacrolimus [SEP] Calcineurin inhibitors, such as cyclosporine and tacrolimus, have been available for almost 20 years. Although these drugs

Tacrolimus [SEP] A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity


nephrotoxicity [SEP] t immunosuppression, they are associated with acute and chronic nephrotoxicity. Acute nephrotoxicity, which occurs in the early period after t

Kidney Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.


mycophenolate mofetil [SEP] ion increases. Two recently available immunosuppressive agents, mycophenolate mofetil and sirolimus (rapamycin), have no nephrotoxicity. The use of t

mycophenolate mofetil [SEP]


sirolimus [SEP] y available immunosuppressive agents, mycophenolate mofetil and sirolimus (rapamycin), have no nephrotoxicity. The use of these drugs in


rapamycin [SEP]  immunosuppressive agents, mycophenolate mofetil and sirolimus (rapamycin), have no nephrotoxicity. The use of these drugs in combination


anemia [SEP] Erythropoietin restores the anemia-induced reduction in cyclophosphamide cytotoxicity in rat tumor

Anemia [SEP] A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN.


cyclophosphamide [SEP] Erythropoietin restores the anemia-induced reduction in cyclophosphamide cytotoxicity in rat tumors.

Cyclophosphamide [SEP] Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to fo


cytotoxicity [SEP] ietin restores the anemia-induced reduction in cyclophosphamide cytotoxicity in rat tumors.

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


tumors [SEP] nemia-induced reduction in cyclophosphamide cytotoxicity in rat tumors.

Neoplasms [SEP] New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and me


anemia [SEP] The aim of this study was to examine the impact of anemia prevention by recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) treatme


cytotoxicity [SEP] n by recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) treatment on the cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide in solid experimental tumors. Anemia was in


cyclophosphamide [SEP]  human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) treatment on the cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide in solid experimental tumors. Anemia was induced using a single


tumors [SEP] t on the cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide in solid experimental tumors. Anemia was induced using a single dose of carboplatin (50 mg/k


Anemia [SEP]  cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide in solid experimental tumors. Anemia was induced using a single dose of carboplatin (50 mg/kg i.v.)


carboplatin [SEP]  experimental tumors. Anemia was induced using a single dose of carboplatin (50 mg/kg i.v.) resulting in a long-lasting reduction (30%) of

Carboplatin [SEP] An organoplatinum compound that possesses antineoplastic activity.


sarcoma [SEP]  application. Four days after carboplatin treatment, tumors (DS-sarcoma of the rat) were implanted s.c. onto the hind food dorsum. Neit

Sarcoma [SEP] A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant.


tumor [SEP] t on the cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide in solid experimental tumors. Anemia was induced using a single dose of carboplatin (50 mg/


oxygen [SEP]  increases the sensitivity, probably as a result of an improved oxygen supply to tumor tissue.

Oxygen [SEP] An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on ear


lidocaine [SEP] The role of nitrergic system in lidocaine-induced convulsion in the mouse.

Lidocaine [SEP] A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more pro


convulsion [SEP] The role of nitrergic system in lidocaine-induced convulsion in the mouse.

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester [SEP] The effects of N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor and L-arginine,

NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester [SEP] A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension.


L-NAME [SEP] The effects of N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor and L-arginine, a NO pr


nitric oxide [SEP] The effects of N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor and L-arginine, a NO precursor, were in

Nitric Oxide [SEP] A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Ni


NO [SEP] cts of N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor and L-arginine, a NO precursor, were invest


L-arginine [SEP] The effects of N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor an

Arginine [SEP] An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.


lidocaine [SEP]  inhibitor and L-arginine, a NO precursor, were investigated on lidocaine-induced convulsions. In the first experiment, four groups of mi


convulsions [SEP] rginine, a NO precursor, were investigated on lidocaine-induced convulsions. In the first experiment, four groups of mice received physiolo


diazepam [SEP] 9%), L-arginine (300 mg/kg, i.p.), L-NAME (100 mg/kg, i.p.) and diazepam (2 mg/kg), respectively. Thirty minutes after these injections,

Diazepam [SEP] A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of actio


metoprolol [SEP] Effect of intravenous metoprolol or intravenous metoprolol plus glucagon on dobutamine-induced m

Metoprolol [SEP] A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMI


dobutamine [SEP] travenous metoprolol or intravenous metoprolol plus glucagon on dobutamine-induced myocardial ischemia.

Dobutamine [SEP] A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CA


myocardial ischemia [SEP] l or intravenous metoprolol plus glucagon on dobutamine-induced myocardial ischemia.

Myocardial Ischemia [SEP] A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may


metoprolol [SEP] STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of metoprolol on dobutamine stress testing with technetium-99m sestamibi sing


dobutamine [SEP] STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of metoprolol on dobutamine stress testing with technetium-99m sestamibi single-photon emis


technetium-99m sestamibi [SEP] mine the effect of metoprolol on dobutamine stress testing with technetium-99m sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography imaging and ST-segme

Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi [SEP] A technetium imaging agent used to reveal blood-starved cardiac tissue during a heart attack.


Metoprolol [SEP]  visits to receive metoprolol or metoprolol plus glucagon 1 mg. Metoprolol was dosed to achieve a resting predobutamine heart rate below 6


myocardial ischemia [SEP] stress testing, metoprolol attenuates or eliminates evidence of myocardial ischemia. Glucagon 1 mg, although somewhat effective, does not correct t


Prednisolone [SEP] Prednisolone-induced muscle dysfunction is caused more by atrophy than by al

Prednisolone [SEP] A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routin


muscle dysfunction [SEP] Prednisolone-induced muscle dysfunction is caused more by atrophy than by altered acetylcholine recepto

Muscle Weakness [SEP] A vague complaint of debility, fatigue, or exhaustion attributable to weakness of various muscles. The weakness can be character


atrophy [SEP] Prednisolone-induced muscle dysfunction is caused more by atrophy than by altered acetylcholine receptor expression.

Atrophy [SEP] Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as


acetylcholine [SEP] ed muscle dysfunction is caused more by atrophy than by altered acetylcholine receptor expression.

Acetylcholine [SEP] A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathe


prednisolone [SEP] ood. We investigated the effects of moderate and large doses of prednisolone on muscle function and pharmacology, and their relationship to


acetylcholine [SEP] rmacology, and their relationship to changes in muscle size and acetylcholine receptor (AChR) expression. With institutional approval, 35 Spr


tetanic [SEP] ys (FR group). On Day 8, the nerve-evoked peak twitch tensions, tetanic tensions, and fatigability, and the dose-response curves of d-t

Tetany [SEP] A disorder characterized by muscle twitches, cramps, and carpopedal spasm, and when severe, laryngospasm and seizures. This cond


d-tubocurarine [SEP] nic tensions, and fatigability, and the dose-response curves of d-tubocurarine in the tibialis cranialis muscle were measured in vivo and rela

Tubocurarine [SEP] A neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in CURARE; plant based alkaloid of Menispermaceae.


neuromuscular dysfunction [SEP] th muscle mass or AChR expression. Our results suggest that the neuromuscular dysfunction after prednisolone is dose-dependent, and derives primarily fro

Neuromuscular Diseases [SEP] A general term encompassing lower MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; and certain MUSCULAR DISEASES. Manif


muscle atrophy [SEP] fter prednisolone is dose-dependent, and derives primarily from muscle atrophy and derives less so from changes in AChR expression. IMPLICATIO

Muscular Atrophy [SEP] Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following immobilization, pr


diltiazem [SEP] Rapid reversal of life-threatening diltiazem-induced tetany with calcium chloride.

Diltiazem [SEP] A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.


tetany [SEP] Rapid reversal of life-threatening diltiazem-induced tetany with calcium chloride.


calcium chloride [SEP] apid reversal of life-threatening diltiazem-induced tetany with calcium chloride.

Calcium Chloride [SEP] A salt used to replenish calcium levels, as an acid-producing diuretic, and as an antidote for magnesium poisoning.


tetany [SEP] We describe a patient who developed tetany with sudden respiratory arrest after the infusion of intravenou


respiratory arrest [SEP] We describe a patient who developed tetany with sudden respiratory arrest after the infusion of intravenous diltiazem. The administration

Respiratory Insufficiency [SEP] Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed)


diltiazem [SEP] ith sudden respiratory arrest after the infusion of intravenous diltiazem. The administration of calcium chloride rapidly resolved the pa


calcium chloride [SEP] er the infusion of intravenous diltiazem. The administration of calcium chloride rapidly resolved the patient's tetany with prompt recovery of r


aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage [SEP] teroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on hemostasis in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur aft


aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage [SEP]  undergoing intracranial surgery is under debate. Patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were randomized to receive either ketoprofen, 100 mg, thr


SAH [SEP] under debate. Patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were randomized to receive either ketoprofen, 100 mg, three ti


ketoprofen [SEP] subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were randomized to receive either ketoprofen, 100 mg, three times a day (ketoprofen group, n = 9) or a weak

Ketoprofen [SEP] An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarth


acetaminophen [SEP] g, three times a day (ketoprofen group, n = 9) or a weak NSAID, acetaminophen, 1 g, three times a day (acetaminophen group, n = 9) starting i

Acetaminophen [SEP] Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but


aneurysmal [SEP]  undergoing intracranial surgery is under debate. Patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were randomized to receive either

Aneurysm, Ruptured [SEP] The tearing or bursting of the weakened wall of the aneurysmal sac, usually heralded by sudden worsening pain. The great danger


platelet aggregation [SEP]  on the first, third, and fifth postoperative mornings. Maximal platelet aggregation induced by 6 microM of adenosine diphosphate decreased after ad

Blood Platelet Disorders [SEP] Disorders caused by abnormalities in platelet count or function.


adenosine diphosphate [SEP] e mornings. Maximal platelet aggregation induced by 6 microM of adenosine diphosphate decreased after administration of ketoprofen. Aggregation was l

Adenosine Diphosphate [SEP] Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at


hematoma [SEP]  in the ketoprofen group developed a postoperative intracranial hematoma. Coagulation (prothrombin time [PT], activated partial thrombop

Hematoma [SEP] A collection of blood outside the BLOOD VESSELS. Hematoma can be localized in an organ, space, or tissue.


Ketoprofen [SEP] tithrombin III [AT III]) was comparable between the two groups. Ketoprofen but not acetaminophen impaired platelet function in patients wi


artery aneurysms [SEP] ents with SAH. If ketoprofen is used before surgery on cerebral artery aneurysms, it may pose an additional risk factor for hemorrhage.

Intracranial Aneurysm [SEP] Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch


hemorrhage [SEP]  surgery is under debate. Patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were randomized to receive either ketoprofen, 100 mg, thr

Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.


methylprednisolone [SEP] Value of methylprednisolone in prevention of the arthralgia-myalgia syndrome associated wit

Methylprednisolone [SEP] A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.


arthralgia [SEP] Value of methylprednisolone in prevention of the arthralgia-myalgia syndrome associated with the total dose infusion of iro

Arthralgia [SEP] Pain in the joint.


myalgia [SEP] Value of methylprednisolone in prevention of the arthralgia-myalgia syndrome associated with the total dose infusion of iron dextra

Myalgia [SEP] Painful sensation in the muscles.


iron dextran [SEP] gia-myalgia syndrome associated with the total dose infusion of iron dextran: a double blind randomized trial.

Iron-Dextran Complex [SEP] A complex of ferric oxyhydroxide with dextrans of 5000 to 7000 daltons in a viscous solution containing 50 mg/ml of iron. It is


iron dextran [SEP] The safety and efficacy of total dose infusion (TDI) of iron dextran has been well documented. In 40% of treated patients, an arthra


arthralgia [SEP] extran has been well documented. In 40% of treated patients, an arthralgia-myalgia syndrome develops. The purpose of this randomized, doub

Arthralgia [SEP] Pain in the joint.


myalgia [SEP] been well documented. In 40% of treated patients, an arthralgia-myalgia syndrome develops. The purpose of this randomized, double-blind


methylprednisolone [SEP] was to investigate whether intravenous (i.v.) administration of methylprednisolone (MP) prevents this complication. Sixty-five patients, 34 women


MP [SEP] hether intravenous (i.v.) administration of methylprednisolone (MP) prevents this complication. Sixty-five patients, 34 women and


vincristine [SEP] Long-term effects of vincristine on the peripheral nervous system.

Vincristine [SEP] Antitumor alkaloid isolated from Vinca Rosea. (Merck, 11th ed.)


Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma [SEP] Forty patients with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma treated with vincristine between 1984 and 1990 (cumulative dose

Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin [SEP] Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to


vincristine [SEP] Forty patients with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma treated with vincristine between 1984 and 1990 (cumulative dose 12 mg in 18-24 weeks) we


neuropathic symptoms [SEP]  nervous system. The patients were interviewed with emphasis on neuropathic symptoms. Physical and quantitative sensory examination with determinati

Sensation Disorders [SEP] Disorders of the special senses (i.e., VISION; HEARING; TASTE; and SMELL) or somatosensory system (i.e., afferent components of


neuropathy [SEP] ned vincristine dose schedule signs and symptoms of vincristine neuropathy are reversible for a great deal and prognosis is fairly good.

Nervous System Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, periph


polymyositis [SEP] A case of polymyositis in a patient with primary biliary cirrhosis treated with D-peni

Polymyositis [SEP] Diseases characterized by inflammation involving multiple muscles. This may occur as an acute or chronic condition associated wi


primary biliary cirrhosis [SEP] A case of polymyositis in a patient with primary biliary cirrhosis treated with D-penicillamine.

Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary [SEP] FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to obstruction of BILE flow (CHOLESTASIS) in the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts


D-penicillamine [SEP] ositis in a patient with primary biliary cirrhosis treated with D-penicillamine.

Penicillamine [SEP] 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic a


D-penicillamine [SEP] Although D-penicillamine has been used for many rheumatologic diseases, toxicity limits


rheumatologic diseases [SEP] Although D-penicillamine has been used for many rheumatologic diseases, toxicity limits its usefulness in many patients. Polymyositis/

Rheumatic Diseases [SEP] Disorders of connective tissue, especially the joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation, degeneration, or me


toxicity [SEP]  D-penicillamine has been used for many rheumatologic diseases, toxicity limits its usefulness in many patients. Polymyositis/dermatomyo

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


Polymyositis [SEP] ogic diseases, toxicity limits its usefulness in many patients. Polymyositis/dermatomyositis can develop as one of the autoimmune complicati


dermatomyositis [SEP] , toxicity limits its usefulness in many patients. Polymyositis/dermatomyositis can develop as one of the autoimmune complications of D-penicil

Dermatomyositis [SEP] A subacute or chronic inflammatory disease of muscle and skin, marked by proximal muscle weakness and a characteristic skin rash


primary biliary cirrhosis [SEP] ts exact pathogenesis remains unclear. We report a patient with primary biliary cirrhosis, who developed polymyositis while receiving D-penicillamine the


polymyositis [SEP]  report a patient with primary biliary cirrhosis, who developed polymyositis while receiving D-penicillamine therapy. We described the speci


nifedipine [SEP] Photodistributed nifedipine-induced facial telangiectasia.

Nifedipine [SEP] A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.


telangiectasia [SEP] Photodistributed nifedipine-induced facial telangiectasia.

Telangiectasis [SEP] Permanent dilation of preexisting blood vessels (CAPILLARIES; ARTERIOLES; VENULES) creating small focal red lesions, most common


nifedipine [SEP] Five months after starting nifedipine (Adalat), two patients developed photodistributed facial telang


Adalat [SEP] Five months after starting nifedipine (Adalat), two patients developed photodistributed facial telangiectasia


telangiectasia [SEP] dipine (Adalat), two patients developed photodistributed facial telangiectasia, which became more noticeable with time. Neither patient compla


flushing [SEP] le with time. Neither patient complained of photosensitivity or flushing. Both patients reported a significant cosmetic improvement afte

Flushing [SEP] A transient reddening of the face that may be due to fever, certain drugs, exertion, stress, or a disease process.


amlodipine [SEP]  discontinuing the drug. One commenced the closely related drug amlodipine 3 years later, with recurrence of telangiectasia. The photodist

Amlodipine [SEP] A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.


Nephrotoxicity [SEP] Nephrotoxicity of cyclosporin A and FK506: inhibition of calcineurin phosphata

Kidney Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.


cyclosporin A [SEP] Nephrotoxicity of cyclosporin A and FK506: inhibition of calcineurin phosphatase.

Cyclosporine [SEP] A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes.


FK506 [SEP] Nephrotoxicity of cyclosporin A and FK506: inhibition of calcineurin phosphatase.

Tacrolimus [SEP] A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity


Cyclosporin A [SEP] Cyclosporin A (CsA; 50 mg/kg) and Fujimycine (FK506; 5 mg/kg), but not the re


CsA [SEP] Cyclosporin A (CsA; 50 mg/kg) and Fujimycine (FK506; 5 mg/kg), but not the related


Fujimycine [SEP] Cyclosporin A (CsA; 50 mg/kg) and Fujimycine (FK506; 5 mg/kg), but not the related macrolide immunosuppressa


FK506 [SEP] Cyclosporin A (CsA; 50 mg/kg) and Fujimycine (FK506; 5 mg/kg), but not the related macrolide immunosuppressant rapa


macrolide [SEP]  50 mg/kg) and Fujimycine (FK506; 5 mg/kg), but not the related macrolide immunosuppressant rapamycin (5 mg/kg), caused a reduction of gl

Macrolides [SEP] A group of often glycosylated macrocyclic compounds formed by chain extension of multiple PROPIONATES cyclized into a large (typ


rapamycin [SEP] K506; 5 mg/kg), but not the related macrolide immunosuppressant rapamycin (5 mg/kg), caused a reduction of glomerular filtration rate, de

Sirolimus [SEP] A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation o


hypertrophy [SEP]  rate, degenerative changes of proximal tubular epithelium, and hypertrophy of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in male Wistar rats when given

Hypertrophy [SEP] General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor


toxicity [SEP] en given for 10 days. The molecular mechanisms of CsA and FK506 toxicity were investigated. Cyclophilin A and FK506-binding protein, the


nephrotoxic [SEP] sA and FK506, but not rapamycin. These results suggest that the nephrotoxic effects of CsA and FK506 is likely mediated through binding to


cerebral edema [SEP] Massive cerebral edema associated with fulminant hepatic failure in acetaminophen over

Brain Edema [SEP] Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular f


hepatic failure [SEP] Massive cerebral edema associated with fulminant hepatic failure in acetaminophen overdose: possible role of cranial decompressi

Liver Failure [SEP] Severe inability of the LIVER to perform its normal metabolic functions, as evidenced by severe JAUNDICE and abnormal serum leve


acetaminophen [SEP] ive cerebral edema associated with fulminant hepatic failure in acetaminophen overdose: possible role of cranial decompression.

Acetaminophen [SEP] Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but


overdose [SEP] dema associated with fulminant hepatic failure in acetaminophen overdose: possible role of cranial decompression.

Drug Overdose [SEP] Accidental or deliberate use of a medication or street drug in excess of normal dosage.


Cerebral edema [SEP] Cerebral edema may complicate the course of fulminant hepatic failure. Respons


fulminant hepatic failure [SEP] Cerebral edema may complicate the course of fulminant hepatic failure. Response to conventional therapy has been disappointing. We pr


acetaminophen [SEP] therapy has been disappointing. We present a patient with fatal acetaminophen-induced fulminant hepatic failure, with signs and symptoms of c


cerebral edema [SEP] n-induced fulminant hepatic failure, with signs and symptoms of cerebral edema, unresponsive to conventional medical therapy. Cranial decompre


Gentamicin [SEP] Gentamicin nephropathy in a neonate.

Gentamicins [SEP] A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum


nephropathy [SEP] Gentamicin nephropathy in a neonate.


acute renal failure [SEP] e clinical and autopsy findings in a premature baby who died of acute renal failure after therapy with gentamicin (5 mg/kg/day) and penicillin are

Acute Kidney Injury [SEP] Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney


gentamicin [SEP] emature baby who died of acute renal failure after therapy with gentamicin (5 mg/kg/day) and penicillin are presented. The serum gentamici


penicillin [SEP] e renal failure after therapy with gentamicin (5 mg/kg/day) and penicillin are presented. The serum gentamicin concentration had reached t

Penicillins [SEP] A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nuc


anuria [SEP] he serum gentamicin concentration had reached toxic levels when anuria developed. Numerous periodic acid Schiff (PAS) positive, diasta

Anuria [SEP] Absence of urine formation. It is usually associated with complete bilateral ureteral (URETER) obstruction, complete lower urina


periodic acid [SEP] ration had reached toxic levels when anuria developed. Numerous periodic acid Schiff (PAS) positive, diastase resistant cytoplasmic inclusion

Periodic Acid [SEP] A strong oxidizing agent.


carcinogenic [SEP] Anti-carcinogenic action of phenobarbital given simultaneously with diethylnitros

Carcinogenesis [SEP] The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between


phenobarbital [SEP] Anti-carcinogenic action of phenobarbital given simultaneously with diethylnitrosamine in the rat.

Phenobarbital [SEP] A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC AC


diethylnitrosamine [SEP] -carcinogenic action of phenobarbital given simultaneously with diethylnitrosamine in the rat.

Diethylnitrosamine [SEP] A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.


phenobarbital [SEP] esent work has been planned in order to elucidate the effect of phenobarbital (PB: 15 mg per rat of ingested dose) on carcinogenesis when it


PB [SEP] been planned in order to elucidate the effect of phenobarbital (PB: 15 mg per rat of ingested dose) on carcinogenesis when it is a


carcinogenesis [SEP] effect of phenobarbital (PB: 15 mg per rat of ingested dose) on carcinogenesis when it is administered simultaneously with diethylnitrosamine


diethylnitrosamine [SEP] ) on carcinogenesis when it is administered simultaneously with diethylnitrosamine (DEN: 10 mg/kg/day). Wistar rats (180 g) were treated by DEN al


DEN [SEP] when it is administered simultaneously with diethylnitrosamine (DEN: 10 mg/kg/day). Wistar rats (180 g) were treated by DEN alone o


hepatocarcinogenesis [SEP]  DEN + PB during 2, 4 and 6 weeks according to our schedule for hepatocarcinogenesis. After the end of the treatment, the number and the size of ind


preneoplastic foci [SEP]  the treatment, the number and the size of induced PAS positive preneoplastic foci was significantly reduced when PB was given simultaneously with

Precancerous Conditions [SEP] Pathological processes that tend eventually to become malignant. (From Dorland, 27th ed)


tumor [SEP] s. In DEN + PB treated rats, the survival was prolonged and the tumor incidence decreased as compared with the results obtained by DE

Neoplasms [SEP] New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and me


precancerous lesions [SEP] ffect acts on the initiation as well as on the promotion of the precancerous lesions. Biochemical investigations are in progress to obtain more info


rigidity [SEP] Post-operative rigidity after fentanyl administration.

Muscle Rigidity [SEP] Continuous involuntary sustained muscle contraction which is often a manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES. When an affected m


fentanyl [SEP] Post-operative rigidity after fentanyl administration.

Fentanyl [SEP] A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is


rigidity [SEP] A case of thoraco-abdominal rigidity leading to respiratory failure is described in the post-operati


respiratory failure [SEP] A case of thoraco-abdominal rigidity leading to respiratory failure is described in the post-operative period in an elderly patient

Respiratory Insufficiency [SEP] Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed)


fentanyl [SEP] ve period in an elderly patient who received a moderate dose of fentanyl. This was successfully reversed by naloxone. The mechanisms pos


naloxone [SEP]  a moderate dose of fentanyl. This was successfully reversed by naloxone. The mechanisms possibly implicated in this accident are discus

Naloxone [SEP] A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid recepto


psychosis [SEP] Postpartum psychosis induced by bromocriptine.

Psychoses, Substance-Induced [SEP] Psychotic organic mental disorders resulting from the toxic effect of drugs and chemicals or other harmful substance.


bromocriptine [SEP] Postpartum psychosis induced by bromocriptine.

Bromocriptine [SEP] A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.


psychiatric [SEP] Two multigravida patients with no prior psychiatric history were seen with postpartum psychosis, having received br

Mental Disorders [SEP] Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of tho


psychosis [SEP] nts with no prior psychiatric history were seen with postpartum psychosis, having received bromocriptine for inhibition of lactation. Bro


bromocriptine [SEP] ic history were seen with postpartum psychosis, having received bromocriptine for inhibition of lactation. Bromocriptine given in high doses


inhibition of lactation [SEP] en with postpartum psychosis, having received bromocriptine for inhibition of lactation. Bromocriptine given in high doses has been associated with psy

Lactation Disorders [SEP] Disturbances of MILK secretion in either SEX, not necessarily related to PREGNANCY.


Bromocriptine [SEP] sis, having received bromocriptine for inhibition of lactation. Bromocriptine given in high doses has been associated with psychosis in patie


Parkinson's disease [SEP] en associated with psychosis in patients receiving the drug for Parkinson's disease. These cases demonstrate that bromocriptine may cause psychosis

Parkinson Disease [SEP] A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency


cardiotoxicity [SEP] A prospective study on the dose dependency of cardiotoxicity induced by mitomycin C.

Cardiotoxicity [SEP] Damage to the heart or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY;


mitomycin C [SEP] ctive study on the dose dependency of cardiotoxicity induced by mitomycin C.

Mitomycin [SEP] An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS caus


mitomycin C [SEP] Since 1975 mitomycin C (MMC) has been suggested to be cardiotoxic, especially when com


MMC [SEP] Since 1975 mitomycin C (MMC) has been suggested to be cardiotoxic, especially when combined


cardiotoxic [SEP] Since 1975 mitomycin C (MMC) has been suggested to be cardiotoxic, especially when combined with or given following doxorubicin.


doxorubicin [SEP] e cardiotoxic, especially when combined with or given following doxorubicin. Data on dose dependency or incidence concerning this side effe

Doxorubicin [SEP] Antineoplastic antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces peucetius. It is a hydroxy derivative of DAUNORUBICIN.


cardiac failure [SEP] luated per cumulative dose level. One of the patients developed cardiac failure after 30 mg m-2 MMC and only 150 mg m-2 doxorubicin. The cardia

Heart Failure [SEP] A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Hear


cardiotoxicity [SEP] old pressor test. None of the other patients developed clinical cardiotoxicity, nor did the studied parameters change. The literature on this


Phlorizin [SEP] Phlorizin-induced glycosuria does not prevent gentamicin nephrotoxicity i

Phlorhizin [SEP]


glycosuria [SEP] Phlorizin-induced glycosuria does not prevent gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats.

Glycosuria [SEP] The appearance of an abnormally large amount of GLUCOSE in the urine, such as more than 500 mg/day in adults. It can be due to H


gentamicin [SEP] Phlorizin-induced glycosuria does not prevent gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats.

Gentamicins [SEP] A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum


nephrotoxicity [SEP] Phlorizin-induced glycosuria does not prevent gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats.

Kidney Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.


streptozotocin [SEP] Because rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) have a high solute diuresis (gly

Streptozocin [SEP] An antibiotic that is produced by Stretomyces achromogenes. It is used as an antineoplastic agent and to induce diabetes in expe


diabetes mellitus [SEP] Because rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) have a high solute diuresis (glycosuria of 10 to 12 g/day)

Diabetes Mellitus [SEP] A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.


DM [SEP] Because rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) have a high solute diuresis (glycosuria of 10 to 12 g/day), we


glycosuria [SEP] cin-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) have a high solute diuresis (glycosuria of 10 to 12 g/day), we have suggested that this may in part be


gentamicin [SEP] ed that this may in part be responsible for their resistance to gentamicin-induced acute renal failure (ARF). The protection from gentamic


acute renal failure [SEP]  part be responsible for their resistance to gentamicin-induced acute renal failure (ARF). The protection from gentamicin nephrotoxicity was studie

Acute Kidney Injury [SEP] Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney


ARF [SEP] for their resistance to gentamicin-induced acute renal failure (ARF). The protection from gentamicin nephrotoxicity was studied in


nephrotoxicity [SEP] duced acute renal failure (ARF). The protection from gentamicin nephrotoxicity was studied in non-diabetic rats with chronic solute diuresis i


diabetic [SEP] he protection from gentamicin nephrotoxicity was studied in non-diabetic rats with chronic solute diuresis induced by blockage of tubula


glucose [SEP] ats with chronic solute diuresis induced by blockage of tubular glucose reabsorption with phlorizin (P). DM rats with mild glycosuria (

Glucose [SEP] A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in i


phlorizin [SEP] uresis induced by blockage of tubular glucose reabsorption with phlorizin (P). DM rats with mild glycosuria (similar in degree to that of

Phlorhizin [SEP]


P [SEP] ced by blockage of tubular glucose reabsorption with phlorizin (P). DM rats with mild glycosuria (similar in degree to that of th

Phlorhizin [SEP]


Nephrotoxic [SEP] oup III (gentamicin alone) and Group IV (mild DM + gentamicin). Nephrotoxic doses (40 mg/kg body wt/day) of gentamicin were injected during


renal dysfunction [SEP] /- 0.1 g/day, SE), and no functional or morphologic evidence of renal dysfunction (baseline CCr 2.1 +/- 0.1 ml/min, undetectable lysozymuria) or


tubular necrosis [SEP] ne CCr 2.1 +/- 0.1 ml/min, undetectable lysozymuria) or damage (tubular necrosis score [maximum 4], zero). In Group II, P did not prevent gentam

Psittacosis [SEP] Infection with CHLAMYDOPHILA PSITTACI (formerly Chlamydia psittaci), transmitted to humans by inhalation of dust-borne contamina


Tiapride [SEP] Tiapride in levodopa-induced involuntary movements.

Tiapride Hydrochloride [SEP] Benzamide derivative with dopamine antagonist actions similar to SULPIRIDE.


levodopa [SEP] Tiapride in levodopa-induced involuntary movements.

Levodopa [SEP] The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can b


involuntary movements [SEP] Tiapride in levodopa-induced involuntary movements.

Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced [SEP] Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or


Tiapride [SEP] Tiapride, a substituted benzamide derivative closely related to metoclop


benzamide [SEP] Tiapride, a substituted benzamide derivative closely related to metoclopramide, reduced levodopa-

benzamide [SEP]


metoclopramide [SEP] Tiapride, a substituted benzamide derivative closely related to metoclopramide, reduced levodopa-induced peak dose involuntary movements in 16

Metoclopramide [SEP] A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.


levodopa [SEP] benzamide derivative closely related to metoclopramide, reduced levodopa-induced peak dose involuntary movements in 16 patients with idi


involuntary movements [SEP] y related to metoclopramide, reduced levodopa-induced peak dose involuntary movements in 16 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. However, an


idiopathic Parkinson's disease [SEP] opa-induced peak dose involuntary movements in 16 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. However, an unacceptable increase in disability from Parkinson

Parkinson Disease [SEP] A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency


Parkinsonism [SEP] s disease. However, an unacceptable increase in disability from Parkinsonism with aggravation of end-of-dose akinesia led to its cessation i


akinesia [SEP] in disability from Parkinsonism with aggravation of end-of-dose akinesia led to its cessation in 14 patients. Tiapride had no effect on


dystonia [SEP] ect on levodopa-induced early morning of "off-period" segmental dystonia. These results fail to support the notion that levodopa-induced

Dystonia [SEP] An attitude or posture due to the co-contraction of agonists and antagonist muscles in one region of the body. It most often aff


dyskinesias [SEP]  These results fail to support the notion that levodopa-induced dyskinesias are caused by overstimulation of a separate group of dopamine r


dopamine [SEP] yskinesias are caused by overstimulation of a separate group of dopamine receptors.

Dopamine [SEP] One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and


epileptic [SEP] Effects of the hippocampal deep brain stimulation on cortical epileptic discharges in penicillin - induced epilepsy model in rats.

Epilepsy [SEP] A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuron


penicillin [SEP] mpal deep brain stimulation on cortical epileptic discharges in penicillin - induced epilepsy model in rats.

Penicillins [SEP] A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nuc


epilepsy [SEP] lation on cortical epileptic discharges in penicillin - induced epilepsy model in rats.


epileptic [SEP] clinical studies have revealed that hippocampal DBS can control epileptic activity, but the mechanism of action is obscure and optimal st


penicillin [SEP] uency hippocampal stimulation on cortical epileptic activity in penicillin-induced epilepsy model. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-five Sprag


epilepsy [SEP] timulation on cortical epileptic activity in penicillin-induced epilepsy model. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-five Sprague-Dawley rats we


penicillin G [SEP]  DBS was on (185 Hz, 0.5V, 1V, 2V, and 5V for 60 sec) following penicillin G injection intracortically. In the control group hippocampal DBS

Penicillin G [SEP] A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections.


penicillin-G [SEP] y. EEG recordings were obtained before and 15 minutes following penicillin-G injection, and at 10th minutes following each stimulus for anal


psychosis [SEP] Neural correlates of S-ketamine induced psychosis during overt continuous verbal fluency.

Psychoses, Substance-Induced [SEP] Psychotic organic mental disorders resulting from the toxic effect of drugs and chemicals or other harmful substance.


N-methyl-D-aspartate [SEP] The glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor has been implicated in the pathophysiology of s

N-Methylaspartate [SEP] An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NM


NMDA [SEP] The glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizop


schizophrenia [SEP] e (NMDA) receptor has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Administered to healthy volunteers, a subanesthetic dose of th

Schizophrenia [SEP] A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALL


ketamine [SEP] anesthetic dose of the non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine leads to psychopathological symptoms similar to those observed

Ketamine [SEP] A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can bl


glutamatergic dysfunction [SEP] es the core symptoms of illness, supporting the hypothesis of a glutamatergic dysfunction. In a counterbalanced, placebo-controlled, double-blind study d

Ventricular Dysfunction [SEP] A condition in which HEART VENTRICLES exhibit impaired function.


Ketamine [SEP] vert verbal fluency tasks (phonological, lexical and semantic). Ketamine-induced psychopathological symptoms were assessed with the Posi


psychosis [SEP] Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Ketamine elicited psychosis like psychopathology. Post-hoc t-tests revealed significant dif


Dopamine [SEP] Dopamine is not essential for the development of methamphetamine-induced


methamphetamine [SEP] Dopamine is not essential for the development of methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity.

Methamphetamine [SEP] A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is


neurotoxicity [SEP] is not essential for the development of methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity.

Neurotoxicity Syndromes [SEP] Neurologic disorders caused by exposure to toxic substances through ingestion, injection, cutaneous application, or other method


dopamine [SEP] It is widely believed that dopamine (DA) mediates methamphetamine (METH)-induced toxicity to brain


DA [SEP] It is widely believed that dopamine (DA) mediates methamphetamine (METH)-induced toxicity to brain dopa


methamphetamine [SEP] It is widely believed that dopamine (DA) mediates methamphetamine (METH)-induced toxicity to brain dopaminergic neurons, because


METH [SEP] is widely believed that dopamine (DA) mediates methamphetamine (METH)-induced toxicity to brain dopaminergic neurons, because drugs


toxicity [SEP] eved that dopamine (DA) mediates methamphetamine (METH)-induced toxicity to brain dopaminergic neurons, because drugs that interfere wit

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


L-dihydroxyphenylalanine [SEP] of the data. Here we show that the recently reported ability of L-dihydroxyphenylalanine to reverse the protective effect of alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine

Levodopa [SEP] The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can b


alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine [SEP] of L-dihydroxyphenylalanine to reverse the protective effect of alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine on METH-induced DA neurotoxicity is also confounded by drug eff

alpha-Methyltyrosine [SEP] An inhibitor of the enzyme TYROSINE 3-MONOOXYGENASE, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control


neurotoxicity [SEP] tective effect of alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine on METH-induced DA neurotoxicity is also confounded by drug effects on body temperature. Further


dopaminergic deficits [SEP] eered to have unilateral brain DA deficits develop METH-induced dopaminergic deficits that are of comparable magnitude on both sides of the brain. Ta

Neurologic Manifestations [SEP] Clinical signs and symptoms caused by nervous system injury or dysfunction.


cocaine [SEP] Brainstem dysgenesis in an infant prenatally exposed to cocaine.

Cocaine [SEP] An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinic


cocaine abuse [SEP] Many authors described the effects on the fetus of maternal cocaine abuse during pregnancy. Vasoconstriction appears to be the common mec

Cocaine-Related Disorders [SEP] Disorders related or resulting from use of cocaine.


fetal anomalies [SEP] to be the common mechanism of action leading to a wide range of fetal anomalies. We report on an infant with multiple cranial-nerve involvement

Fetal Diseases [SEP] Pathophysiological conditions of the FETUS in the UTERUS. Some fetal diseases may be treated with FETAL THERAPIES.


multiple cranial-nerve involvement [SEP] to a wide range of fetal anomalies. We report on an infant with multiple cranial-nerve involvement attributable to brainstem dysgenesis, born to a cocaine-addicte

Cranial Nerve Diseases [SEP] Disorders of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves. With the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves, this includes disor


cocaine-addicted [SEP] rve involvement attributable to brainstem dysgenesis, born to a cocaine-addicted mother.


streptozotocin [SEP] The protective role of Nrf2 in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy.

Streptozocin [SEP] An antibiotic that is produced by Stretomyces achromogenes. It is used as an antineoplastic agent and to induce diabetes in expe


diabetic nephropathy [SEP] The protective role of Nrf2 in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic Nephropathies [SEP] KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstit


Diabetic nephropathy [SEP] OBJECTIVE: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major causes of renal failure, which is accompani


renal failure [SEP] OBJECTIVE: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major causes of renal failure, which is accompanied by the production of reactive oxygen spec

Renal Insufficiency [SEP] Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain


oxygen [SEP] nal failure, which is accompanied by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nrf2 is the primary transcription factor that co

Oxygen [SEP] An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on ear


diabetic nephropathy [SEP] rt our findings demonstrating a protective role of Nrf2 against diabetic nephropathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We explore the protective role of


streptozotocin [SEP] man kidney biopsy tissues from diabetic nephropathy patients, a streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy model in Nrf2(-/-) mice, and cultu


renal damage [SEP] monstrated to be crucial in ameliorating streptozotocin-induced renal damage. This is evident by Nrf2(-/-) mice having higher ROS production

Acute Kidney Injury [SEP] Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney


renal injury [SEP]  production and suffering from greater oxidative DNA damage and renal injury compared with Nrf2(+/+) mice. Mechanistic studies in both in vi


glucose [SEP] ellular matrix production. In human renal mesangial cells, high glucose induced ROS production and activated expression of Nrf2 and its

Glucose [SEP] A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in i


tranexamic Acid [SEP] High-dose tranexamic Acid is associated with nonischemic clinical seizures in cardiac sur

Tranexamic Acid [SEP] Antifibrinolytic hemostatic used in severe hemorrhage.


seizures [SEP] gh-dose tranexamic Acid is associated with nonischemic clinical seizures in cardiac surgical patients.

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


convulsive [SEP] e observed a notable increase in the incidence of postoperative convulsive seizures from 1.3% to 3.8% in patients having undergone major c


seizures [SEP] a notable increase in the incidence of postoperative convulsive seizures from 1.3% to 3.8% in patients having undergone major cardiac su


tranexamic acid [SEP] ts were temporally coincident with the initial use of high-dose tranexamic acid (TXA) therapy after withdrawal of aprotinin from general clinic


TXA [SEP] y coincident with the initial use of high-dose tranexamic acid (TXA) therapy after withdrawal of aprotinin from general clinical us


cerebral ischemic injury [SEP] LTS: Twenty-one of the 24 patients did not have evidence of new cerebral ischemic injury, but seizures were likely due to ischemic brain injury in 3 pat

Brain Injuries [SEP] Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and


ischemic brain injury [SEP] f new cerebral ischemic injury, but seizures were likely due to ischemic brain injury in 3 patients. All patients with seizures did not have permanen


neurological abnormalities [SEP] n 3 patients. All patients with seizures did not have permanent neurological abnormalities. All 24 patients with seizures received high doses of TXA intra

Nervous System Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, periph


brain ischemic [SEP] tient were managed using cardiopulmonary bypass. No evidence of brain ischemic, metabolic, or hyperthermia-induced causes for their seizures w

Ischemic Attack, Transient [SEP] Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and


hyperthermia [SEP] opulmonary bypass. No evidence of brain ischemic, metabolic, or hyperthermia-induced causes for their seizures was apparent. CONCLUSION: Our

Fever [SEP] An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.


dysosmia [SEP] Recurrent dysosmia induced by pyrazinamide.

Olfaction Disorders [SEP] Loss of or impaired ability to smell. This may be caused by OLFACTORY NERVE DISEASES; PARANASAL SINUS DISEASES; viral RESPIRATOR


pyrazinamide [SEP] Recurrent dysosmia induced by pyrazinamide.

Pyrazinamide [SEP] A pyrazine that is used therapeutically as an antitubercular agent.


Pyrazinamide [SEP] Pyrazinamide can have adverse effects such as hepatic toxicity, hyperuricemi


hepatic toxicity [SEP] Pyrazinamide can have adverse effects such as hepatic toxicity, hyperuricemia or digestive disorders. In rare cases, alteratio

Drug-Induced Liver Injury [SEP] A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug


hyperuricemia [SEP] Pyrazinamide can have adverse effects such as hepatic toxicity, hyperuricemia or digestive disorders. In rare cases, alterations in taste and

Hyperuricemia [SEP] Excessive URIC ACID or urate in blood as defined by its solubility in plasma at 37 degrees C; greater than 0.42mmol per liter (7


pyrazinamide [SEP]  alterations in taste and smell function have been reported for pyrazinamide when combined with other drugs. We report a case of reversible


olfactory disorder [SEP]  when combined with other drugs. We report a case of reversible olfactory disorder related to pyrazinamide in a woman, with a positive rechallenge


Dysosmia [SEP] nsation of smelling something burning 15 min after drug intake. Dysosmia disappeared completely after pyrazinamide withdrawal and recurr


difluoromethylornithine [SEP] t of air conduction audiograms in a phase III clinical trial of difluoromethylornithine and sulindac for prevention of sporadic colorectal adenomas.

Eflornithine [SEP] An inhibitor of ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE, the rate limiting enzyme of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway.


sulindac [SEP] ms in a phase III clinical trial of difluoromethylornithine and sulindac for prevention of sporadic colorectal adenomas.

Sulindac [SEP] A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the p


colorectal adenomas [SEP] difluoromethylornithine and sulindac for prevention of sporadic colorectal adenomas.

Colorectal Neoplasms [SEP] Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMI


adenomatous polyps [SEP] A phase III clinical trial assessed the recurrence of adenomatous polyps after treatment for 36 months with difluoromethylornithine (DFM

Adenomatous Polyps [SEP] Benign neoplasms derived from glandular epithelium. (From Stedman, 25th ed)


difluoromethylornithine [SEP] rrence of adenomatous polyps after treatment for 36 months with difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) plus sulindac or matched placebos. Temporary hearing los


DFMO [SEP] yps after treatment for 36 months with difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) plus sulindac or matched placebos. Temporary hearing loss is a


sulindac [SEP] reatment for 36 months with difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) plus sulindac or matched placebos. Temporary hearing loss is a known toxicity


hearing loss [SEP] ylornithine (DFMO) plus sulindac or matched placebos. Temporary hearing loss is a known toxicity of treatment with DFMO, thus a comprehensiv

Hearing Loss [SEP] A general term for the complete or partial loss of the ability to hear from one or both ears.


toxicity [SEP] sulindac or matched placebos. Temporary hearing loss is a known toxicity of treatment with DFMO, thus a comprehensive approach was devel

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


ototoxicity [SEP] ared with the placebo group. The estimated attributable risk of ototoxicity from exposure to the drug is 8.4% (95% confidence interval, -2.

Hearing Disorders [SEP] Conditions that impair the transmission of auditory impulses and information from the level of the ear to the temporal cortices,


mental slowing [SEP] Increased mental slowing associated with the APOE epsilon4 allele after trihexyphenidyl

Cognition Disorders [SEP] Disturbances in the mental process related to thinking, reasoning, and judgment.


trihexyphenidyl [SEP] d mental slowing associated with the APOE epsilon4 allele after trihexyphenidyl oral anticholinergic challenge in healthy elderly.

Trihexyphenidyl [SEP] One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal


trihexyphenidyl [SEP] he relationship between APOE epsilon4 and subjective effects of trihexyphenidyl on measures reflecting sedation and confusion and to investigat


confusion [SEP]  effects of trihexyphenidyl on measures reflecting sedation and confusion and to investigate the relationship between trihexyphenidyl-ind

Confusion [SEP] A mental state characterized by bewilderment, emotional disturbance, lack of clear thinking, and perceptual disorientation.


mental slowness [SEP]  of trihexyphenidyl resulted in increased subjective ratings of mental slowness in carriers of the APOE epsilon4 allele only. Drug effects as d


mental slowing [SEP] ele in healthy elderly was associated with increased subjective mental slowing after trihexyphenidyl anticholinergic challenge.


steroid [SEP] Behavioral effects of pubertal anabolic androgenic steroid exposure in male rats with low serotonin.

Steroids [SEP] A group of polycyclic compounds closely related biochemically to TERPENES. They include cholesterol, numerous hormones, precurso


serotonin [SEP] rtal anabolic androgenic steroid exposure in male rats with low serotonin.

Serotonin [SEP] A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily i


steroid [SEP] o assess the interactive effects of chronic anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) exposure and brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT)


serotonin [SEP] of chronic anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) exposure and brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) depletion on behavior of pubertal m


5-hydroxytryptamine [SEP] anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) exposure and brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) depletion on behavior of pubertal male rats. Serotonin w


5-HT [SEP] teroid (AAS) exposure and brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) depletion on behavior of pubertal male rats. Serotonin was dep


Serotonin [SEP] ytryptamine, 5-HT) depletion on behavior of pubertal male rats. Serotonin was depleted beginning on postnatal day 26 with parachloropheny


testosterone [SEP] ated rats and half the saline-treated rats began treatment with testosterone (T, 5 mg/kg, 5 days/week). Behavioral measures included locomot

Testosterone [SEP] A potent androgenic steroid and major product secreted by the LEYDIG CELLS of the TESTIS. Its production is stimulated by LUTEIN


T [SEP] The goal of this study was to assess the interactive effects of c


irritability [SEP] 5 mg/kg, 5 days/week). Behavioral measures included locomotion, irritability, copulation, partner preference, and aggression. Animals were t

Mental Disorders [SEP] Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of tho


aggression [SEP] d locomotion, irritability, copulation, partner preference, and aggression. Animals were tested for aggression in their home cage, both wi


5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid [SEP] ion (mild tail pinch). Brain levels of 5-HT and its metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), were determined using HPLC. PCPA significantly and su

Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid [SEP]


5-HIAA [SEP]  levels of 5-HT and its metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), were determined using HPLC. PCPA significantly and substantia

Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid [SEP]


aggressive behavior [SEP]  users with low central 5-HT may be especially prone to exhibit aggressive behavior.


paclitaxel [SEP] Intracavitary chemotherapy (paclitaxel/carboplatin liquid crystalline cubic phases) for recurrent glio

Paclitaxel [SEP] A cyclodecane isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, TAXUS BREVIFOLIA. It stabilizes MICROTUBULES in their polymerized


carboplatin [SEP] Intracavitary chemotherapy (paclitaxel/carboplatin liquid crystalline cubic phases) for recurrent glioblastoma --

Carboplatin [SEP] An organoplatinum compound that possesses antineoplastic activity.


glioblastoma [SEP] axel/carboplatin liquid crystalline cubic phases) for recurrent glioblastoma -- clinical observations.

Glioblastoma [SEP] A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necr


brain tumors [SEP] Human malignant brain tumors have a poor prognosis in spite of surgery and radiation therapy

Brain Neoplasms [SEP] Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypot


glioblastoma [SEP]  applied to the walls of a surgical resection cavity. For human glioblastoma recurrences, the feasibility, safety, and short-term effects of


paclitaxel [SEP] d short-term effects of a surgical intracavitary application of paclitaxel and carboplatin encapsulated by liquid crystalline cubic phases


carboplatin [SEP] fects of a surgical intracavitary application of paclitaxel and carboplatin encapsulated by liquid crystalline cubic phases are examined in


brain edema [SEP] more than 15 mg paclitaxel and suffered from moderate to severe brain edema, while the remaining patients received only a total of 15 mg pa

Brain Edema [SEP] Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular f


Methylphenidate [SEP] Methylphenidate-induced obsessive-compulsive symptoms in an elderly man.

Methylphenidate [SEP] A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLE


obsessive-compulsive symptoms [SEP] Methylphenidate-induced obsessive-compulsive symptoms in an elderly man.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder [SEP] An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, persistent obsessions or compulsions. Obsessions are the intrusive ideas, though


treatment-resistant depression [SEP] An 82-year-old man with treatment-resistant depression and early Alzheimer's disease was started on methylphenidate. S

Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant [SEP] Failure to respond to two or more trials of antidepressant monotherapy or failure to respond to four or more trials of different


Alzheimer's disease [SEP] n 82-year-old man with treatment-resistant depression and early Alzheimer's disease was started on methylphenidate. Significant obsessive-compulsiv

Alzheimer Disease [SEP] A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention


methylphenidate [SEP] sistant depression and early Alzheimer's disease was started on methylphenidate. Significant obsessive-compulsive behavior ensued but diminishe


obsessive-compulsive behavior [SEP] Alzheimer's disease was started on methylphenidate. Significant obsessive-compulsive behavior ensued but diminished over several weeks when methylphenidate w


fluvoxamine [SEP] inished over several weeks when methylphenidate was replaced by fluvoxamine. The patient had no prior psychiatric history, but he had a sis

Fluvoxamine [SEP] A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.


psychiatric [SEP] phenidate was replaced by fluvoxamine. The patient had no prior psychiatric history, but he had a sister with obsessive-compulsive disorder


obsessive-compulsive disorder [SEP] ient had no prior psychiatric history, but he had a sister with obsessive-compulsive disorder. It appears that methylphenidate precipitated the patient's pat


Cardiac arrest [SEP] Cardiac arrest after intravenous metoclopramide - a case of five repeated inje

Heart Arrest [SEP] Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most c


metoclopramide [SEP] Cardiac arrest after intravenous metoclopramide - a case of five repeated injections of metoclopramide causing

Metoclopramide [SEP] A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.


cardiac arrest [SEP]  repeated injections of metoclopramide causing five episodes of cardiac arrest.


metoclopramide [SEP] We describe a patient where intravenous injection of metoclopramide was immediately followed by asystole repeatedly. The patient re


asystole [SEP] avenous injection of metoclopramide was immediately followed by asystole repeatedly. The patient received metoclopramide 10 mg i.v. five


atropine [SEP] ccasions, on one occasion it lasted 2 min. The patient received atropine 0.5-1 mg and chest compressions, before sinus rhythm again took

Atropine [SEP] An alkaloid, originally from Atropa belladonna, but found in other plants, mainly SOLANACEAE. Hyoscyamine is the 3(S)-endo isome


cardiac arrest [SEP]  sinus rhythm again took over. We interpret this as episodes of cardiac arrest caused by metoclopramide. The rapid injection via the central v


dopamine [SEP] on via the central venous route and the concomitant tapering of dopamine infusion might have contributed in precipitating the adverse dr

Dopamine [SEP] One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and


hemolytic anemia [SEP] Severe immune hemolytic anemia associated with prophylactic use of cefotetan in obstetric and

Anemia, Hemolytic [SEP] A condition of inadequate circulating red blood cells (ANEMIA) or insufficient HEMOGLOBIN due to premature destruction of red bl


cefotetan [SEP] ere immune hemolytic anemia associated with prophylactic use of cefotetan in obstetric and gynecologic procedures.

Cefotetan [SEP] A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a b


cephalosporins [SEP] Second- and third-generation cephalosporins, especially cefotetan, are increasingly associated with severe,

Cephalosporins [SEP] A group of broad-spectrum antibiotics first isolated from the Mediterranean fungus ACREMONIUM. They contain the beta-lactam moie


cefotetan [SEP] Second- and third-generation cephalosporins, especially cefotetan, are increasingly associated with severe, sometimes fatal immun


hemolytic anemia [SEP] are increasingly associated with severe, sometimes fatal immune hemolytic anemia. We noticed that 10 of our 35 cases of cefotetan-induced hemoly


hemolytic anemias [SEP] anemia. We noticed that 10 of our 35 cases of cefotetan-induced hemolytic anemias were in patients who had received cefotetan prophylactically fo


Cauda equina syndrome [SEP] Cauda equina syndrome after spinal anaesthesia with hyperbaric 5% lignocaine: a revie

Polyradiculopathy [SEP] Disease or injury involving multiple SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. Polyradiculitis refers to inflammation of multiple spinal nerve roots.


lignocaine [SEP] uda equina syndrome after spinal anaesthesia with hyperbaric 5% lignocaine: a review of six cases of cauda equina syndrome reported to the

Lidocaine [SEP] A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more pro


cauda equina syndrome [SEP] sthesia with hyperbaric 5% lignocaine: a review of six cases of cauda equina syndrome reported to the Swedish Pharmaceutical Insurance 1993-1997.


cauda equina syndrome [SEP] Six cases of cauda equina syndrome with varying severity were reported to the Swedish Pharmaceutic


lignocaine [SEP] All were associated with spinal anaesthesia using hyperbaric 5% lignocaine. Five cases had single-shot spinal anaesthesia and one had a re


neurotoxicity [SEP] to 120 mg. Three of the cases were most likely caused by direct neurotoxicity of hyperbaric 5% lignocaine. In the other 3 cases, direct neuro

Neurotoxicity Syndromes [SEP] Neurologic disorders caused by exposure to toxic substances through ingestion, injection, cutaneous application, or other method


neurological deficits [SEP]  exclude a compressive aetiology. All cases sustained permanent neurological deficits. We recommend that hyperbaric lignocaine should be administered

Neurologic Manifestations [SEP] Clinical signs and symptoms caused by nervous system injury or dysfunction.


parkinsonian [SEP] Cortical motor overactivation in parkinsonian patients with L-dopa-induced peak-dose dyskinesia.

Parkinsonian Disorders [SEP] A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; and postural i


L-dopa [SEP] Cortical motor overactivation in parkinsonian patients with L-dopa-induced peak-dose dyskinesia.

Levodopa [SEP] The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can b


dyskinesia [SEP] tivation in parkinsonian patients with L-dopa-induced peak-dose dyskinesia.

Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced [SEP] Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or


parkinsonian [SEP]  in the supplementary and primary motor cortex of two groups of parkinsonian patients on L-dopa medication, the first one without L-dopa ind


L-dopa [SEP]  primary motor cortex of two groups of parkinsonian patients on L-dopa medication, the first one without L-dopa induced dyskinesia (n


dyskinesia [SEP] ents on L-dopa medication, the first one without L-dopa induced dyskinesia (n = 23) and the other with moderate peak-dose dyskinesia (n =


dyskinetic [SEP] raphy with i.v. 133Xe was used to measure the rCBF changes. The dyskinetic parkinsonian patients exhibited a pattern of response which was


hyperkinetic [SEP] areas. These results are compatible with the hypothesis that an hyperkinetic abnormal involuntary movement, like L-dopa-induced peak dose dy

Hyperkinesis [SEP] Excessive movement of muscles of the body as a whole, which may be associated with organic or psychological disorders.


abnormal involuntary movement [SEP] results are compatible with the hypothesis that an hyperkinetic abnormal involuntary movement, like L-dopa-induced peak dose dyskinesia, is due to a disinhib


Dexamethasone [SEP] Dexamethasone-induced ocular hypertension in perfusion-cultured human eyes.

Dexamethasone [SEP] An anti-inflammatory 9-fluoro-glucocorticoid.


ocular hypertension [SEP] Dexamethasone-induced ocular hypertension in perfusion-cultured human eyes.

Ocular Hypertension [SEP] A condition in which the intraocular pressure is elevated above normal and which may lead to glaucoma.


ocular hypertension [SEP] E: Glucocorticoid administration can lead to the development of ocular hypertension and corticosteroid glaucoma in a subset of the population throu


corticosteroid glaucoma [SEP] stration can lead to the development of ocular hypertension and corticosteroid glaucoma in a subset of the population through a decrease in the aqueous

Glaucoma [SEP] An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the int


dexamethasone [SEP] eyes were perfused in serum-free media with or without 10(-7) M dexamethasone for 12 days. Intraocular pressure was monitored daily. After in


hypertensive eyes [SEP]  morphologically normal. In contrast, the dexamethasone-treated hypertensive eyes had thickened trabecular beams, decreased intertrabecular space


Dexamethasone [SEP] methasone-induced morphologic changes were evident. CONCLUSION: Dexamethasone treatment of isolated, perfusion-cultured human eyes led to the


Steroid [SEP] tension in approximately 30% of the dexamethasone-treated eyes. Steroid treatment resulted in morphologic changes in the trabecular mes

Steroids [SEP] A group of polycyclic compounds closely related biochemically to TERPENES. They include cholesterol, numerous hormones, precurso


open angle glaucoma [SEP] hwork similar to those reported for corticosteroid glaucoma and open angle glaucoma. This system may provide an acute model in which to study the p

Glaucoma, Open-Angle [SEP] Glaucoma in which the angle of the anterior chamber is open and the trabecular meshwork does not encroach on the base of the iri


steroid glaucoma [SEP] n can lead to the development of ocular hypertension and corticosteroid glaucoma in a subset of the population through a decrease in the aqueous


primary open angle glaucoma [SEP] tudy the pathogenic mechanisms involved in steroid glaucoma and primary open angle glaucoma.


Cognitive deterioration [SEP] Cognitive deterioration from long-term abuse of dextromethorphan: a case report.

Cognition Disorders [SEP] Disturbances in the mental process related to thinking, reasoning, and judgment.


dextromethorphan [SEP] Cognitive deterioration from long-term abuse of dextromethorphan: a case report.

Dextromethorphan [SEP] Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough cen


Dextromethorphan [SEP] Dextromethorphan (DM), the dextrorotatory isomer of 3-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan,


DM [SEP] Dextromethorphan (DM), the dextrorotatory isomer of 3-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan, is


3-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan [SEP] Dextromethorphan (DM), the dextrorotatory isomer of 3-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan, is the main ingredient in a number of widely available, over-t

Levorphanol [SEP] A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is nearly as effective orally as by injection.


nausea [SEP] s known to cause a variety of acute toxic effects, ranging from nausea, restlessness, insomnia, ataxia, slurred speech and nystagmus t

Nausea [SEP] An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and moti


restlessness [SEP] to cause a variety of acute toxic effects, ranging from nausea, restlessness, insomnia, ataxia, slurred speech and nystagmus to mood changes

Psychomotor Agitation [SEP] A feeling of restlessness associated with increased motor activity. This may occur as a manifestation of nervous system drug tox


insomnia [SEP] iety of acute toxic effects, ranging from nausea, restlessness, insomnia, ataxia, slurred speech and nystagmus to mood changes, perceptu

Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders [SEP] Disorders characterized by impairment of the ability to initiate or maintain sleep. This may occur as a primary disorder or in a


ataxia [SEP] ute toxic effects, ranging from nausea, restlessness, insomnia, ataxia, slurred speech and nystagmus to mood changes, perceptual alter

Ataxia [SEP] Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes,


nystagmus [SEP] from nausea, restlessness, insomnia, ataxia, slurred speech and nystagmus to mood changes, perceptual alterations, inattention, disorient

Nystagmus, Myoclonic [SEP]


aggressive behavior [SEP] hanges, perceptual alterations, inattention, disorientation and aggressive behavior (Rammer et al 1988; Katona and Watson 1986; Isbell and Fraser 1

Mental Disorders [SEP] Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of tho


cognitive deterioration [SEP] g the effects of chronic abuse. This report describes a case of cognitive deterioration resulting from prolonged use of DM.


lithium [SEP] Long-term lithium treatment and the kidney. Interim report on fifty patients.

Lithium [SEP] An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of


lithium [SEP] port on the first part of our study of the effects of long-term lithium treatment on the kidney. Creatinine clearance, maximum urinary


Creatinine [SEP] dy of the effects of long-term lithium treatment on the kidney. Creatinine clearance, maximum urinary osmolality and 24 hour urine volume

Creatinine [SEP]


Polyuria [SEP] The concentration defect appeared reversible, at least in part. Polyuria above 3 litres/24 hours was found in 10% of patients. An attemp

Polyuria [SEP] Urination of a large volume of urine with an increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABET