colon cancer [SEP] T were a decreased incidence of fractures and (for combined HT) colon cancer, with long-term use. Among women aged over 65 who were relative

Colonic Neoplasms [SEP] Tumors or cancer of the COLON.


mannitol [SEP] Passage of mannitol into the brain around gliomas: a potential cause of rebound phe

Mannitol [SEP] A diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from


gliomas [SEP] Passage of mannitol into the brain around gliomas: a potential cause of rebound phenomenon. A study on 21 patient

Glioma [SEP] Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymo


mannitol [SEP] AIM: Widespread use of mannitol to reduce brain edema and lower elevated ICP in brain tumor pat


brain edema [SEP] AIM: Widespread use of mannitol to reduce brain edema and lower elevated ICP in brain tumor patients continues to be

Brain Edema [SEP] Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular f


elevated ICP [SEP] AIM: Widespread use of mannitol to reduce brain edema and lower elevated ICP in brain tumor patients continues to be afflicted by the so-cal

Intracranial Hypertension [SEP] Increased pressure within the cranial vault. This may result from several conditions, including HYDROCEPHALUS; BRAIN EDEMA; intr


brain tumor [SEP] use of mannitol to reduce brain edema and lower elevated ICP in brain tumor patients continues to be afflicted by the so-called rebound phe

Brain Neoplasms [SEP] Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypot


Mannitol [SEP] brain after administration to 21 brain tumor patients. METHODS: Mannitol (18% solution; 1 g/kg) was administered as a bolus to patients


malignant glioma [SEP] ution; 1 g/kg) was administered as a bolus to patients (ten had malignant glioma, seven brain metastases and four meningioma) about 30 minutes b


metastases [SEP] d as a bolus to patients (ten had malignant glioma, seven brain metastases and four meningioma) about 30 minutes before craniotomy. During

Neoplasm Metastasis [SEP] The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.


meningioma [SEP] ents (ten had malignant glioma, seven brain metastases and four meningioma) about 30 minutes before craniotomy. During resection, a sample

Meningioma [SEP] A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentia


edematous [SEP] efore craniotomy. During resection, a sample of the surrounding edematous white matter was taken at the same time as a 10 ml venous blood

Edema [SEP] Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.


glioma [SEP] /kg) was administered as a bolus to patients (ten had malignant glioma, seven brain metastases and four meningioma) about 30 minutes b


gliomas [SEP]  a single bolus, mannitol may leak through the altered BBB near gliomas, reversing the initial plasma-to-blood osmotic gradient, aggrav


edema [SEP] AIM: Widespread use of mannitol to reduce brain edema and lower elevated ICP in brain tumor patients continues to be


lidocaine [SEP] Can lidocaine reduce succinylcholine induced postoperative myalgia?

Lidocaine [SEP] A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more pro


succinylcholine [SEP] Can lidocaine reduce succinylcholine induced postoperative myalgia?

Succinylcholine [SEP] A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxan


postoperative myalgia [SEP] Can lidocaine reduce succinylcholine induced postoperative myalgia?

Pain, Postoperative [SEP] Pain during the period after surgery.


lidocaine [SEP] This study was undertaken to determine the effect of lidocaine pretreatment on reduction of succinylcholine-induced myalgia in


succinylcholine [SEP]  determine the effect of lidocaine pretreatment on reduction of succinylcholine-induced myalgia in patients undergoing general anesthesia for g


myalgia [SEP]  lidocaine pretreatment on reduction of succinylcholine-induced myalgia in patients undergoing general anesthesia for gynecological sur

Myalgia [SEP] Painful sensation in the muscles.


rocuronium [SEP] nd succinylcholine 1.5 mg x kg(-1); Group PR, normal saline and rocuronium 0.6 mg x kg(-1). Morphine 0.1 mg x kg(-1) iv was given for prem

rocuronium [SEP]


Morphine [SEP] kg(-1); Group PR, normal saline and rocuronium 0.6 mg x kg(-1). Morphine 0.1 mg x kg(-1) iv was given for premedication and all patients

Morphine [SEP] The principal alkaloid in opium and the prototype opiate analgesic and narcotic. Morphine has widespread effects in the central


thiopental [SEP] ECG and pulse oximetry. Anesthesia was induced with 5 mg.kg(-1) thiopental iv. followed by succinylcholine (Group PS, LS) or rocuronium (G

Thiopental [SEP] A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anest


fasciculation [SEP] ing administration of these agents, the presence, and degree of fasciculation were assessed visually on a four point scale by one investigato

Fasciculation [SEP] Involuntary contraction of the muscle fibers innervated by a motor unit. Fasciculations can often by visualized and take the for


muscle fasciculation [SEP] ded to the intraoperative management. The results indicate that muscle fasciculation was not found in Group PR while the patients in Group LS had a


postoperative myalgia [SEP] proven to be the useful pretreatment agent for the reduction of postoperative myalgia.


levofloxacin [SEP] Open-label assessment of levofloxacin for the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis in adults.

Levofloxacin [SEP] The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.


sinusitis [SEP] assessment of levofloxacin for the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis in adults.

Sinusitis [SEP] Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of the PARANASAL SINUSES.


levofloxacin [SEP] PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of levofloxacin (500 mg orally once daily for 10 to 14 days) in treating adult


sinusitis [SEP]  to 14 days) in treating adult outpatients with acute bacterial sinusitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 329 patients enrolled in the


diarrhea [SEP] patients (9%). The most common drug-related adverse events were diarrhea, flatulence, and nausea; most adverse events were mild to moder

Diarrhea [SEP] An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of wa


flatulence [SEP] 9%). The most common drug-related adverse events were diarrhea, flatulence, and nausea; most adverse events were mild to moderate in sever

Flatulence [SEP] Production or presence of gas in the gastrointestinal tract which may be expelled through the anus.


nausea [SEP] mmon drug-related adverse events were diarrhea, flatulence, and nausea; most adverse events were mild to moderate in severity. CONCLUS

Nausea [SEP] An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and moti


prostacyclin [SEP] Clinical evaluation on combined administration of oral prostacyclin analogue beraprost and phosphodiesterase inhibitor cilostazol.

Epoprostenol [SEP] A prostaglandin that is a powerful vasodilator and inhibits platelet aggregation. It is biosynthesized enzymatically from PROSTA


beraprost [SEP] uation on combined administration of oral prostacyclin analogue beraprost and phosphodiesterase inhibitor cilostazol.

beraprost [SEP]


cilostazol [SEP] prostacyclin analogue beraprost and phosphodiesterase inhibitor cilostazol.

cilostazol [SEP]


prostacyclin [SEP] Among various oral antiplatelets, a combination of a novel prostacyclin analogue beraprost (BPT) and a potent phosphodiesterase inhibit


beraprost [SEP] l antiplatelets, a combination of a novel prostacyclin analogue beraprost (BPT) and a potent phosphodiesterase inhibitor cilostazol (CLZ)

beraprost [SEP]


BPT [SEP] lets, a combination of a novel prostacyclin analogue beraprost (BPT) and a potent phosphodiesterase inhibitor cilostazol (CLZ) may

beraprost [SEP]


cilostazol [SEP] alogue beraprost (BPT) and a potent phosphodiesterase inhibitor cilostazol (CLZ) may result in untoward clinical effects due to possible s

cilostazol [SEP]


CLZ [SEP] rost (BPT) and a potent phosphodiesterase inhibitor cilostazol (CLZ) may result in untoward clinical effects due to possible synerg

cilostazol [SEP]


cAMP [SEP]  effects due to possible synergistic elevation of intracellular cAMP (cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate). Thereby, a clinical stu

Cyclic AMP [SEP] An adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to both the 3'- and 5'-positions of the sugar moiety. I


cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate [SEP] ts due to possible synergistic elevation of intracellular cAMP (cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate). Thereby, a clinical study of the combined administration of t


platelet aggregation [SEP] ntervals, physical examination and blood collection for ex vivo platelet aggregation and determination of intraplatelet cAMP were performed. Through

Blood Platelet Disorders [SEP] Disorders caused by abnormalities in platelet count or function.


headache [SEP]  vital signs was observed. Seven out of 12 subjects experienced headache of a short duration accompanying facial flush in one and nausea

Headache [SEP] The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACH


facial flush [SEP]  subjects experienced headache of a short duration accompanying facial flush in one and nausea in one, especially after ingestion of CLZ. Al

Flushing [SEP] A transient reddening of the face that may be due to fever, certain drugs, exertion, stress, or a disease process.


nausea [SEP] adache of a short duration accompanying facial flush in one and nausea in one, especially after ingestion of CLZ. All of these symptom


etoricoxib [SEP] Gastrointestinal tolerability of etoricoxib in rheumatoid arthritis patients: results of the etoricoxib vs

etoricoxib [SEP]


rheumatoid arthritis [SEP] Gastrointestinal tolerability of etoricoxib in rheumatoid arthritis patients: results of the etoricoxib vs diclofenac sodium gastro

Arthritis, Rheumatoid [SEP] A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular stru


diclofenac sodium [SEP]  in rheumatoid arthritis patients: results of the etoricoxib vs diclofenac sodium gastrointestinal tolerability and effectiveness trial (EDGE-II)

Diclofenac [SEP] A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium


etoricoxib [SEP]  the gastrointestinal (GI) tolerability, safety and efficacy of etoricoxib and diclofenac in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). PATI

etoricoxib [SEP]


diclofenac [SEP] stinal (GI) tolerability, safety and efficacy of etoricoxib and diclofenac in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). PATIENTS AND METHOD


rheumatoid arthritis [SEP] fety and efficacy of etoricoxib and diclofenac in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 4086 patients (mean age


RA [SEP] toricoxib and diclofenac in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 4086 patients (mean age 60.8


aspirin [SEP] e daily (n = 2054). Use of gastroprotective agents and low-dose aspirin was allowed. The prespecified primary end point consisted of th

Aspirin [SEP] The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties a


thrombotic cardiovascular [SEP]  (AEs). General safety was also assessed, including adjudicated thrombotic cardiovascular event data. Efficacy was evaluated using the Patient Global Ass

Cardiovascular Diseases [SEP] Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.


GI AEs [SEP] roups, respectively. The cumulative discontinuation rate due to GI AEs was significantly lower with etoricoxib than diclofenac (5.2 vs

Gastrointestinal Diseases [SEP] Diseases in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.


hypertension [SEP] 0.47, 0.81; p<or=0.001)). The incidence of discontinuations for hypertension-related and oedema-related AEs were significantly higher with e

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


oedema [SEP]  The incidence of discontinuations for hypertension-related and oedema-related AEs were significantly higher with etoricoxib (2.5% and

Edema [SEP] Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.


Etoricoxib [SEP]  respectively; p<0.001 for hypertension and p<0.01 for oedema). Etoricoxib and diclofenac treatment resulted in similar efficacy (PGADS me

etoricoxib [SEP]


extrapyramidal symptoms [SEP] Placebo-level incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) with quetiapine in controlled studies of patients with bi

Basal Ganglia Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the BASAL GANGLIA including the PUTAMEN; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; claustrum; AMYGDALA; and CAUDATE NUCLEUS. DYSKINESIAS (mos


EPS [SEP] Placebo-level incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) with quetiapine in controlled studies of patients with bipolar


quetiapine [SEP] Placebo-level incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) with quetiapine in controlled studies of patients with bipolar mania.

quetiapine [SEP]


bipolar mania [SEP] ms (EPS) with quetiapine in controlled studies of patients with bipolar mania.

Bipolar Disorder [SEP] A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and rec


extrapyramidal symptoms [SEP] OBJECTIVES: To evaluate extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), including akathisia, with quetiapine in patients with bi


EPS [SEP] OBJECTIVES: To evaluate extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), including akathisia, with quetiapine in patients with bipolar


akathisia [SEP] BJECTIVES: To evaluate extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), including akathisia, with quetiapine in patients with bipolar mania. METHODS: Data

Akathisia, Drug-Induced [SEP] A condition associated with the use of certain medications and characterized by an internal sense of motor restlessness often de


quetiapine [SEP] aluate extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), including akathisia, with quetiapine in patients with bipolar mania. METHODS: Data were analyzed fro

quetiapine [SEP]


bipolar mania [SEP] ms (EPS), including akathisia, with quetiapine in patients with bipolar mania. METHODS: Data were analyzed from four similarly designed, rand


lithium [SEP] apy (up to 800 mg/day) (n = 209) versus placebo (n = 198), with lithium or haloperidol monotherapy as respective active controls. Two s

Lithium [SEP] An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of


haloperidol [SEP] 800 mg/day) (n = 209) versus placebo (n = 198), with lithium or haloperidol monotherapy as respective active controls. Two studies evaluate

Haloperidol [SEP] A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoa


divalproex [SEP] o 800 mg/day) in combination with a mood stabilizer (lithium or divalproex, QTP + Li/DVP) (n = 196) compared to placebo and mood stabilize

Valproic Acid [SEP] A fatty acid with anticonvulsant properties used in the treatment of epilepsy. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not


QTP [SEP] ) in combination with a mood stabilizer (lithium or divalproex, QTP + Li/DVP) (n = 196) compared to placebo and mood stabilizer (PB

quetiapine [SEP]


Li [SEP] ombination with a mood stabilizer (lithium or divalproex, QTP + Li/DVP) (n = 196) compared to placebo and mood stabilizer (PBO + L


DVP [SEP] ination with a mood stabilizer (lithium or divalproex, QTP + Li/DVP) (n = 196) compared to placebo and mood stabilizer (PBO + Li/DV


Extrapyramidal symptoms [SEP] mpared to placebo and mood stabilizer (PBO + Li/DVP) (n = 203). Extrapyramidal symptoms were evaluated using the Simpson-Angus Scale (SAS), the Barnes


Lithium [SEP] o (6.1%), and with QTP + Li/DVP (3.6%) and PBO + Li/DVP (4.9%). Lithium was associated with a significantly higher incidence (p < 0.05)


tremor [SEP]  associated with a significantly higher incidence (p < 0.05) of tremor (18.4%) than quetiapine (5.6%); cerebellar tremor, which is a k

Tremor [SEP] Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or act


Haloperidol [SEP]  elevated rate of tremor in patients receiving lithium therapy. Haloperidol induced a significantly higher incidence (p < 0.001) of akathis


extrapyramidal syndrome [SEP]  akathisia (33.3% versus 5.9%), tremor (30.3% versus 7.8%), and extrapyramidal syndrome (35.4% versus 5.9%) than quetiapine. No significant differences


captopril [SEP]  the sympathetic nervous system to salt-sensitivity in lifetime captopril-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Captopril [SEP] A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoco


hypertensive [SEP] to salt-sensitivity in lifetime captopril-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats.


captopril [SEP] OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that, in lifetime captopril-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), the sympathetic


hypertensive [SEP] he hypothesis that, in lifetime captopril-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), the sympathetic nervous system contributes importan


dietary sodium chloride [SEP] us system contributes importantly to the hypertensive effect of dietary sodium chloride supplementation. METHODS: Male SHR (aged 6 weeks) that had been

Sodium Chloride, Dietary [SEP] Sodium chloride used in foods.


sodium chloride [SEP] m contributes importantly to the hypertensive effect of dietary sodium chloride supplementation. METHODS: Male SHR (aged 6 weeks) that had been

Sodium Chloride [SEP] A ubiquitous sodium salt that is commonly used to season food.


clonidine [SEP] bjected to ganglionic blockade and 2 days later, an infusion of clonidine. RESULTS: Lifetime captopril treatment significantly lowered me

Clonidine [SEP] An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonl


hexamethonium [SEP]  in both groups. Intravenous infusion of the ganglionic blocker hexamethonium resulted in a rapid decline in MAP that eliminated the dietary

Hexamethonium [SEP] A nicotinic cholinergic antagonist often referred to as the prototypical ganglionic blocker. It is poorly absorbed from the gast


increase in MAP [SEP] line in MAP that eliminated the dietary sodium chloride-induced increase in MAP in both groups. Infusion of the central nervous system alpha2-a


alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist [SEP] e in MAP in both groups. Infusion of the central nervous system alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine also resulted in a greater reduction in MAP in both g

Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists [SEP] Compounds that bind to and activate ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTORS.


corticosterone [SEP] Dose-related beneficial and adverse effects of dietary corticosterone on organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy in chickens.

Corticosterone [SEP] An adrenocortical steroid that has modest but significant activities as a mineralocorticoid and a glucocorticoid. (From Goodman


organophosphorus [SEP] ted beneficial and adverse effects of dietary corticosterone on organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy in chickens.

Organophosphates [SEP] Carbon-containing phosphoric acid derivatives. Included under this heading are compounds that have CARBON atoms bound to one or


neuropathy [SEP] s of dietary corticosterone on organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy in chickens.

Nervous System Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, periph


Tri-ortho-tolyl phosphate [SEP] Tri-ortho-tolyl phosphate (TOTP), 360 mg/kg, po, and 0,0'-diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate

tri-o-cresyl phosphate [SEP]


TOTP [SEP] Tri-ortho-tolyl phosphate (TOTP), 360 mg/kg, po, and 0,0'-diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP)

tri-o-cresyl phosphate [SEP]


0,0'-diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate [SEP] Tri-ortho-tolyl phosphate (TOTP), 360 mg/kg, po, and 0,0'-diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP), 1 mg/kg sc, were administered to adult White Leghorn chi

Isoflurophate [SEP] A di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate which is an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor used to investigate the NERVOUS SYSTEM.


DFP [SEP] TOTP), 360 mg/kg, po, and 0,0'-diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP), 1 mg/kg sc, were administered to adult White Leghorn chickens


corticosterone [SEP] s 24 hr after they were placed on diets containing 0 to 300 ppm corticosterone. Supplemented diets were continued until clinical signs and les


neuropathy [SEP] iets were continued until clinical signs and lesions of delayed neuropathy appeared. Although low concentrations (less than or equal to 50


Neurotoxic [SEP] xacerbated clinical signs in chickens given either TOTP or DFP. Neurotoxic esterase activities 24 hr after TOTP or DFP were less than 20%

Neurotoxicity Syndromes [SEP] Neurologic disorders caused by exposure to toxic substances through ingestion, injection, cutaneous application, or other method


organophosphorous [SEP] DFP were less than 20% of values measured in chickens not given organophosphorous compounds. Chickens given 200 ppm corticosterone without TOTP o


Degenerating myelinated fibers [SEP] and significantly inhibited activity of liver carboxylesterase. Degenerating myelinated fibers were also evident in distal levels of the peripheral nerves of

Nerve Degeneration [SEP] Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction o


adenosine A2A/A1 receptor antagonist [SEP] In vivo characterization of a dual adenosine A2A/A1 receptor antagonist in animal models of Parkinson's disease.

Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists [SEP] Compounds that bind to and block the stimulation of PURINERGIC P1 RECEPTORS.


Parkinson's disease [SEP] a dual adenosine A2A/A1 receptor antagonist in animal models of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson Disease [SEP] A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency


adenosine A(2A)/A(1) receptor antagonist [SEP] The in vivo characterization of a dual adenosine A(2A)/A(1) receptor antagonist in several animal models of Parkinson's disease is described. D


Parkinson's disease [SEP] sine A(2A)/A(1) receptor antagonist in several animal models of Parkinson's disease is described. Discovery and scale-up syntheses of compound 1 ar


haloperidol [SEP] models of Parkinson's disease including mouse and rat models of haloperidol-induced catalepsy, mouse model of reserpine-induced akinesia, r

Haloperidol [SEP] A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoa


catalepsy [SEP] s disease including mouse and rat models of haloperidol-induced catalepsy, mouse model of reserpine-induced akinesia, rat 6-hydroxydopami

Catalepsy [SEP] A condition characterized by inactivity, decreased responsiveness to stimuli, and a tendency to maintain an immobile posture. Th


reserpine [SEP] and rat models of haloperidol-induced catalepsy, mouse model of reserpine-induced akinesia, rat 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion model o

Reserpine [SEP] An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into st


akinesia [SEP] haloperidol-induced catalepsy, mouse model of reserpine-induced akinesia, rat 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion model of drug-induced ro

Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced [SEP] Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or


6-hydroxydopamine [SEP] duced catalepsy, mouse model of reserpine-induced akinesia, rat 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion model of drug-induced rotation, and MPTP-treate

Oxidopamine [SEP] A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in th


6-OHDA [SEP] use model of reserpine-induced akinesia, rat 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion model of drug-induced rotation, and MPTP-treated non-hu


MPTP [SEP] oxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion model of drug-induced rotation, and MPTP-treated non-human primate model.

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine [SEP] A dopaminergic neurotoxic compound which produces irreversible clinical, chemical, and pathological alterations that mimic those


delusional parasitosis [SEP] An extremely rare case of delusional parasitosis in a chronic hepatitis C patient during pegylated interferon al

Delusional Parasitosis [SEP] A delusional disorder of belief in infestation by insects or other parasites. This FORMICATION is typically accompanied by derma


chronic hepatitis C [SEP] An extremely rare case of delusional parasitosis in a chronic hepatitis C patient during pegylated interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin trea

Hepatitis C, Chronic [SEP] INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic hepatitis C can lead


pegylated interferon alpha-2b [SEP]  delusional parasitosis in a chronic hepatitis C patient during pegylated interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin treatment.

peginterferon alfa-2b [SEP]


ribavirin [SEP] ic hepatitis C patient during pegylated interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin treatment.

Ribavirin [SEP] A nucleoside antimetabolite antiviral agent that blocks nucleic acid synthesis and is used against both RNA and DNA viruses.


chronic hepatitis C [SEP] During treatment of chronic hepatitis C patients with interferon and ribavirin, a lot of side effects a


ribavirin [SEP] g treatment of chronic hepatitis C patients with interferon and ribavirin, a lot of side effects are described. Twenty-three percent to 4


depression [SEP]  are described. Twenty-three percent to 44% of patients develop depression. A minority of patients evolve to psychosis. To the best of our

Depressive Disorder [SEP] An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood distur


psychosis [SEP] f patients develop depression. A minority of patients evolve to psychosis. To the best of our knowledge, no cases of psychogenic parasito

Psychoses, Substance-Induced [SEP] Psychotic organic mental disorders resulting from the toxic effect of drugs and chemicals or other harmful substance.


psychogenic parasitosis [SEP]  evolve to psychosis. To the best of our knowledge, no cases of psychogenic parasitosis occurring during interferon therapy have been described in the


delusional parasitosis [SEP]  the literature. We present a 49-year-old woman who developed a delusional parasitosis during treatment with pegylated interferon alpha-2b weekly and


pegylated interferon alpha-2b [SEP] an who developed a delusional parasitosis during treatment with pegylated interferon alpha-2b weekly and ribavirin. She complained of seeing parasites and th

peginterferon alfa-2b [SEP]


neuroleptic malignant syndrome [SEP] Possible neuroleptic malignant syndrome related to concomitant treatment with paroxetine and alprazolam

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome [SEP] A potentially fatal syndrome associated primarily with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS) which are in tur


paroxetine [SEP] leptic malignant syndrome related to concomitant treatment with paroxetine and alprazolam.

Paroxetine [SEP] A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.


alprazolam [SEP] t syndrome related to concomitant treatment with paroxetine and alprazolam.

Alprazolam [SEP] A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC


depressive symptoms [SEP] A 74-year-old man with depressive symptoms was admitted to a psychiatric hospital due to insomnia, loss of


psychiatric [SEP] A 74-year-old man with depressive symptoms was admitted to a psychiatric hospital due to insomnia, loss of appetite, exhaustion, and agi

Mental Disorders [SEP] Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of tho


insomnia [SEP] pressive symptoms was admitted to a psychiatric hospital due to insomnia, loss of appetite, exhaustion, and agitation. Medical treatment

Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders [SEP] Disorders characterized by impairment of the ability to initiate or maintain sleep. This may occur as a primary disorder or in a


loss of appetite [SEP] ymptoms was admitted to a psychiatric hospital due to insomnia, loss of appetite, exhaustion, and agitation. Medical treatment was initiated at

Eating Disorders [SEP] A group of disorders characterized by physiological and psychological disturbances in appetite or food intake.


agitation [SEP] ric hospital due to insomnia, loss of appetite, exhaustion, and agitation. Medical treatment was initiated at a daily dose of 20 mg parox

Psychomotor Agitation [SEP] A feeling of restlessness associated with increased motor activity. This may occur as a manifestation of nervous system drug tox


paroxetine [SEP] ation. Medical treatment was initiated at a daily dose of 20 mg paroxetine and 1.2 mg alprazolam. On the 10th day of paroxetine and alpraz


alprazolam [SEP] nt was initiated at a daily dose of 20 mg paroxetine and 1.2 mg alprazolam. On the 10th day of paroxetine and alprazolam treatment, the pa


psychomotor retardation [SEP] roxetine and alprazolam treatment, the patient exhibited marked psychomotor retardation, disorientation, and severe muscle rigidity with tremors. The p

Psychomotor Disorders [SEP] Abnormalities of motor function that are associated with organic and non-organic cognitive disorders.


muscle rigidity [SEP] ited marked psychomotor retardation, disorientation, and severe muscle rigidity with tremors. The patient had a fever (38.2 degrees C), fluctua

Muscle Rigidity [SEP] Continuous involuntary sustained muscle contraction which is often a manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES. When an affected m


tremors [SEP] or retardation, disorientation, and severe muscle rigidity with tremors. The patient had a fever (38.2 degrees C), fluctuating blood pr

Tremor [SEP] Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or act


fever [SEP] ion, and severe muscle rigidity with tremors. The patient had a fever (38.2 degrees C), fluctuating blood pressure (between 165/90 an

Fever [SEP] An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.


extrapyramidal symptoms [SEP] blood pressure (between 165/90 and 130/70 mg mm Hg), and severe extrapyramidal symptoms. Laboratory tests showed an elevation of creatine phosphokinase

Basal Ganglia Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the BASAL GANGLIA including the PUTAMEN; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; claustrum; AMYGDALA; and CAUDATE NUCLEUS. DYSKINESIAS (mos


creatine [SEP] xtrapyramidal symptoms. Laboratory tests showed an elevation of creatine phosphokinase (2218 IU/L), aspartate aminotransferase (134 IU/L

Creatine [SEP] An amino acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. In muscle tissue, creatine generally occurs as phosphocreatine. Cr


aspartate [SEP] ests showed an elevation of creatine phosphokinase (2218 IU/L), aspartate aminotransferase (134 IU/L), alanine aminotransferase (78 IU/L)

Aspartic Acid [SEP] One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar ca


alanine [SEP] osphokinase (2218 IU/L), aspartate aminotransferase (134 IU/L), alanine aminotransferase (78 IU/L), and BUN (27.9 mg/ml) levels. The pa

Alanine [SEP] A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transaminatio


bromocriptine [SEP] se (78 IU/L), and BUN (27.9 mg/ml) levels. The patient received bromocriptine and diazepam to treat his symptoms. 7 days later, the fever dis

Bromocriptine [SEP] A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.


diazepam [SEP] BUN (27.9 mg/ml) levels. The patient received bromocriptine and diazepam to treat his symptoms. 7 days later, the fever disappeared and

Diazepam [SEP] A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of actio


neuroleptic malignant syndrome [SEP]  normalized (175 IU/L). This patient presented with symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), thus demonstrating that NMS-like symptoms can occur afte

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome [SEP] A potentially fatal syndrome associated primarily with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS) which are in tur


NMS [SEP] ient presented with symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), thus demonstrating that NMS-like symptoms can occur after com


depressive [SEP] A 74-year-old man with depressive symptoms was admitted to a psychiatric hospital due to insomnia

Depressive Disorder [SEP] An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood distur


dehydration [SEP] ted in elderly depressive patients whose symptoms often include dehydration, agitation, malnutrition, and exhaustion. Careful therapeutic i

Dehydration [SEP] The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism.


malnutrition [SEP] e patients whose symptoms often include dehydration, agitation, malnutrition, and exhaustion. Careful therapeutic intervention is necessary

Malnutrition [SEP] An imbalanced nutritional status resulted from insufficient intake of nutrients to meet normal physiological requirement.


depression [SEP] s necessary in cases involving elderly patients who suffer from depression.


Pilocarpine [SEP] Pilocarpine seizures cause age-dependent impairment in auditory location di

Pilocarpine [SEP] A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glauco


seizures [SEP] Pilocarpine seizures cause age-dependent impairment in auditory location discriminat

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


impairment in auditory location discrimination [SEP] Pilocarpine seizures cause age-dependent impairment in auditory location discrimination.

Auditory Perceptual Disorders [SEP] Acquired or developmental cognitive disorders of AUDITORY PERCEPTION characterized by a reduced ability to perceive information


status epilepticus [SEP] Children who have status epilepticus have continuous or rapidly repeating seizures that may be life-

Status Epilepticus [SEP] A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a period of 20-30


seizures [SEP] ho have status epilepticus have continuous or rapidly repeating seizures that may be life-threatening and may cause life-long changes in


deficits in auditory discrimination [SEP] ain and behavior. The extent to which status epilepticus causes deficits in auditory discrimination is unknown. A naturalistic auditory location discrimination met


pilocarpine [SEP] ed with saline on postnatal day (P) 20, or a convulsant dose of pilocarpine on P20 or P45. Pilocarpine on either day induced status epilept


Pilocarpine [SEP]  day (P) 20, or a convulsant dose of pilocarpine on P20 or P45. Pilocarpine on either day induced status epilepticus; status epilepticus at


Status epilepticus [SEP] e sound-source location discrimination was moderately impaired. Status epilepticus (P45) rats failed to acquire either sound-source location or so


impairment in auditory discrimination [SEP] s. Status epilepticus in rat causes an age-dependent, long-term impairment in auditory discrimination. This impairment may explain one cause of impaired auditory loc


impaired auditory location discrimination [SEP] ditory discrimination. This impairment may explain one cause of impaired auditory location discrimination in humans.


cyclooxygenase inhibitors [SEP] Cardiovascular risk with cyclooxygenase inhibitors: general problem with substance specific differences?

Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors [SEP] Compounds or agents that combine with cyclooxygenase (PROSTAGLANDIN-ENDOPEROXIDE SYNTHASES) and thereby prevent its substrate-en


myocardial infarction [SEP] rials and observational studies have shown an increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, hypertension and heart failure during treatment with c

Myocardial Infarction [SEP] NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).


stroke [SEP]  studies have shown an increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, hypertension and heart failure during treatment with cyclooxyg

Stroke [SEP] A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA o


hypertension [SEP]  have shown an increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, hypertension and heart failure during treatment with cyclooxygenase inhibito

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


heart failure [SEP] creased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, hypertension and heart failure during treatment with cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Adverse cardio

Heart Failure [SEP] A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Hear


cyclooxygenase inhibitors [SEP] n, stroke, hypertension and heart failure during treatment with cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Adverse cardiovascular effects occurred mainly, but not exclus


Cyclooxygenase inhibitors [SEP] but not exclusively, in patients with concomitant risk factors. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors cause complex changes in renal, vascular and cardiac prostanoid


prostaglandin [SEP] etic parameters or inhibitory potency and may be contributed by prostaglandin-independent effects. Diagnostic markers such as N-terminal pro

Prostaglandins [SEP] A group of compounds derived from unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase pathway.


N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide [SEP] y prostaglandin-independent effects. Diagnostic markers such as N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) or high-sensitive C-reactive protein might help in

pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76) [SEP]


NT-proBNP [SEP] ostic markers such as N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) or high-sensitive C-reactive protein might help in the early i


cardiovascular toxicity [SEP] on of patients at risk, thus avoiding the occurrence of serious cardiovascular toxicity.

Cardiovascular Diseases [SEP] Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.


decreased renal function [SEP] Predictors of decreased renal function in patients with heart failure during angiotensin-converting en

Renal Insufficiency [SEP] Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain


heart failure [SEP] Predictors of decreased renal function in patients with heart failure during angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy: results


angiotensin [SEP]  decreased renal function in patients with heart failure during angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy: results from the studies o

Angiotensins [SEP] Oligopeptides which are important in the regulation of blood pressure (VASOCONSTRICTION) and fluid homeostasis via the RENIN-ANG


left ventricular dysfunction [SEP] onverting enzyme inhibitor therapy: results from the studies of left ventricular dysfunction (SOLVD)

Ventricular Dysfunction, Left [SEP] A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; M


angiotensin [SEP] BACKGROUND: Although angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy reduces mortality rates in


congestive heart failure [SEP] zyme inhibitor therapy reduces mortality rates in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), it may also cause decreased renal function. Little infor


CHF [SEP] uces mortality rates in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), it may also cause decreased renal function. Little informatio


decreased renal function [SEP] patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), it may also cause decreased renal function. Little information is available to predict which patients are


reduction in renal function [SEP] ication. OBJECTIVE: To quantify specific clinical predictors of reduction in renal function in patients with CHF who are prescribed angiotensin-converting


Left Ventricular Dysfunction [SEP] inhibitor therapy. METHOD: We analyzed data from the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD), a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial o


enalapril [SEP] SOLVD), a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of enalapril for the treatment of CHF. There were 3379 patients randomly ass

Enalapril [SEP] One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS that is used to treat hypertension.


Decreased renal function [SEP] randomly assigned to placebo with a mean follow-up of 967 days. Decreased renal function was defined as a rise in serum creatinine >/=0.5 mg/dL (44 micr


creatinine [SEP] 7 days. Decreased renal function was defined as a rise in serum creatinine >/=0.5 mg/dL (44 micromol/L) from baseline. We used time-to-eve

Creatinine [SEP]


hypertension [SEP] reatinine, low systolic blood pressure (<100 mm Hg), history of hypertension, diabetes, and use of antiplatelet, diuretic, and beta-blocker


diabetes [SEP]  systolic blood pressure (<100 mm Hg), history of hypertension, diabetes, and use of antiplatelet, diuretic, and beta-blocker therapy. R

Diabetes Mellitus [SEP] A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.


diuretic [SEP] g), history of hypertension, diabetes, and use of antiplatelet, diuretic, and beta-blocker therapy. RESULTS: Patients randomly assigned

Diuretics [SEP] Agents that promote the excretion of urine through their effects on kidney function.


Diuretic [SEP]  1.32-1.52 with enalapril; placebo: RR 1.18, 95% CI 1.12-1.25). Diuretic therapy was likewise associated with a greater risk of decrease


renal impairment [SEP] 6, 95% CI 1.57-2.44) in patients with diabetes. A lower risk of renal impairment was seen in both groups with beta-blocker therapy (RR 0.70, 95%


Enalapril [SEP] ion (RR 0.93 per 5% increment, 95% CI 0.91-0. 96). CONCLUSIONS: Enalapril use caused a 33% increase in the risk of decreased renal functi


Diabetes [SEP] ts with CHF. Diuretic use and advanced age increased this risk. Diabetes was associated with an increased risk of renal impairment in al


Pemoline [SEP] Pemoline induced acute choreoathetosis: case report and review of the li

Pemoline [SEP] A central nervous system stimulant used in fatigue and depressive states and to treat hyperkinetic disorders in children.


Pemoline [SEP] BACKGROUND: Pemoline is an oxazolidine derivative that is structurally different fro


oxazolidine [SEP] BACKGROUND: Pemoline is an oxazolidine derivative that is structurally different from amphetamines and

oxazolidine [SEP]


amphetamines [SEP] s an oxazolidine derivative that is structurally different from amphetamines and used in the treatment of attention deficit disorder. Pemoli

Amphetamines [SEP] Analogs or derivatives of AMPHETAMINE. Many are sympathomimetics and central nervous system stimulators causing excitation, vaso


attention deficit disorder [SEP] urally different from amphetamines and used in the treatment of attention deficit disorder. Pemoline has not been commonly associated in the literature as

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity [SEP] A behavior disorder originating in childhood in which the essential features are signs of developmentally inappropriate inattent


movement disorders [SEP]  been commonly associated in the literature as a cause of acute movement disorders. The following case describes two children acutely poisoned wit

Movement Disorders [SEP] Syndromes which feature DYSKINESIAS as a cardinal manifestation of the disease process. Included in this category are degenerati


pemoline [SEP] The following case describes two children acutely poisoned with pemoline who experienced profound choreoathetosis. CASE REPORT: Two, 3-y


methylphenidate [SEP] nificant for attention deficit disorder previously treated with methylphenidate without success. This was their first day of pemoline therapy.

Methylphenidate [SEP] A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLE


benzodiazepines [SEP]  gastrointestinal decontamination and high doses of intravenous benzodiazepines in an attempt to control the choreoathetoid movements. Despite

Benzodiazepines [SEP] A group of two-ring heterocyclic compounds consisting of a benzene ring fused to a diazepine ring.


movement disorder [SEP]  been commonly associated in the literature as a cause of acute movement disorders. The following case describes two children acutely poisoned wi


overdose [SEP] ents should be considered in patients presenting after pemoline overdose.

Drug Overdose [SEP] Accidental or deliberate use of a medication or street drug in excess of normal dosage.


mesna [SEP] Continuous subcutaneous administration of mesna to prevent ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.

Mesna [SEP] A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFA


ifosfamide [SEP] Continuous subcutaneous administration of mesna to prevent ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.

Ifosfamide [SEP] Positional isomer of CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE which is active as an alkylating agent and an immunosuppressive agent.


hemorrhagic [SEP] cutaneous administration of mesna to prevent ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.

Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.


cystitis [SEP] ministration of mesna to prevent ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.

Cystitis [SEP] Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful


Hemorrhagic [SEP] Hemorrhagic cystitis is a major potential toxicity of ifosfamide that can b


cystitis [SEP] Hemorrhagic cystitis is a major potential toxicity of ifosfamide that can be prevent


toxicity [SEP] Hemorrhagic cystitis is a major potential toxicity of ifosfamide that can be prevented by administering mesna alon

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


ifosfamide [SEP] Hemorrhagic cystitis is a major potential toxicity of ifosfamide that can be prevented by administering mesna along with the cyt


mesna [SEP] l toxicity of ifosfamide that can be prevented by administering mesna along with the cytotoxic agent. Mesna is generally administered


Mesna [SEP] revented by administering mesna along with the cytotoxic agent. Mesna is generally administered by the intravenous route, although ex


emesis [SEP] ent taking oral mesna who experiences severe ifosfamide-induced emesis and is unable to absorb the drug. Limited clinical experience w

Vomiting [SEP] The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.


hyperammonemia [SEP] Modification of drug action by hyperammonemia.

Hyperammonemia [SEP] Elevated level of AMMONIA in the blood. It is a sign of defective CATABOLISM of AMINO ACIDS or ammonia to UREA.


ammonium acetate [SEP] Pretreatment with ammonium acetate (NH4Ac) (6 mmol/kg s.c.) approximately doubled the time morphin

ammonium acetate [SEP]


NH4Ac [SEP] Pretreatment with ammonium acetate (NH4Ac) (6 mmol/kg s.c.) approximately doubled the time morphine-treat

ammonium acetate [SEP]


morphine [SEP] acetate (NH4Ac) (6 mmol/kg s.c.) approximately doubled the time morphine-treated mice remained on a hot surface and similarly increased

Morphine [SEP] The principal alkaloid in opium and the prototype opiate analgesic and narcotic. Morphine has widespread effects in the central


incoordination [SEP] mice remained on a hot surface and similarly increased muscular incoordination by diazepam, but NH4Ac treatment alone had no effect. Thus, hyp

Ataxia [SEP] Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes,


diazepam [SEP]  hot surface and similarly increased muscular incoordination by diazepam, but NH4Ac treatment alone had no effect. Thus, hyperammonemia

Diazepam [SEP] A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of actio


hyperammonemia [SEP] ion by diazepam, but NH4Ac treatment alone had no effect. Thus, hyperammonemia is capable of altering drug action and must be considered along


liver disease [SEP] ired drug metabolism in enhanced drug responses associated with liver disease. Experiments in vitro showed that acetylcholine-induced catecho

Liver Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the LIVER.


acetylcholine [SEP] associated with liver disease. Experiments in vitro showed that acetylcholine-induced catecholamine release from bovine adrenal medulla is de

Acetylcholine [SEP] A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathe


catecholamine [SEP] disease. Experiments in vitro showed that acetylcholine-induced catecholamine release from bovine adrenal medulla is depressed as much as 50%

Catecholamines [SEP] A general class of ortho-dihydroxyphenylalkylamines derived from tyrosine.


KCl [SEP] adrenal medulla is depressed as much as 50% by 0.3 mM NH4Ac and KCl-induced contractions of guinea-pig ileum were inhibited 20% by

Potassium Chloride [SEP] A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and


calcium [SEP] -pig ileum were inhibited 20% by 5 mM NH4Ac. Addition of excess calcium reversed the depression in both tissues, but calcium-independen

Calcium [SEP] A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic sym


depression [SEP] ited 20% by 5 mM NH4Ac. Addition of excess calcium reversed the depression in both tissues, but calcium-independent catecholamine release

Depressive Disorder [SEP] An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood distur


acetaldehyde [SEP]  both tissues, but calcium-independent catecholamine release by acetaldehyde was not blocked by NH4Ac. These results suggested that ammonia

Acetaldehyde [SEP] A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the m


ammonia [SEP] aldehyde was not blocked by NH4Ac. These results suggested that ammonia blocks calcium channels. Parallels in the actions of NH4Ac and

Ammonia [SEP] A colorless alkaline gas. It is formed in the body during decomposition of organic materials during a large number of metabolica


verapamil [SEP] rallels in the actions of NH4Ac and the calcium channel blocker verapamil support this concept. Both verapamil (10 mg/kg i.p.) and NH4Ac

Verapamil [SEP] A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.


analgesia [SEP] apamil (10 mg/kg i.p.) and NH4Ac pretreatment enhanced morphine analgesia- and diazepam-induced muscular incoordination and antagonized a

Pain Insensitivity, Congenital [SEP] A syndrome characterized by indifference to PAIN despite the ability to distinguish noxious from non-noxious stimuli. Absent cor


amphetamine [SEP] a- and diazepam-induced muscular incoordination and antagonized amphetamine-induced motor activity, and neither verapamil nor NH4Ac affecte

Amphetamine [SEP] A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blockin


metrazol [SEP] d neither verapamil nor NH4Ac affected the convulsant action of metrazol. The data suggest that hyperammonemia exerts a calcium channel

Pentylenetetrazole [SEP] A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-comp


nephropathy [SEP] Risk of nephropathy after consumption of nonionic contrast media by children underg

Kidney Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.


contrast media [SEP] Risk of nephropathy after consumption of nonionic contrast media by children undergoing cardiac angiography: a prospective study

Contrast Media [SEP] Substances used to allow enhanced visualization of tissues.


contrast media [SEP] Despite increasing reports on nonionic contrast media-induced nephropathy (CIN) in hospitalized adult patients during


nephropathy [SEP] Despite increasing reports on nonionic contrast media-induced nephropathy (CIN) in hospitalized adult patients during cardiac procedures,


CIN [SEP] reasing reports on nonionic contrast media-induced nephropathy (CIN) in hospitalized adult patients during cardiac procedures, the


CM [SEP] etermined the incidence of CIN for two nonionic contrast media (CM), iopromide and iohexol, among 80 patients younger than 18 year


iopromide [SEP] ined the incidence of CIN for two nonionic contrast media (CM), iopromide and iohexol, among 80 patients younger than 18 years and compar

iopromide [SEP]


iohexol [SEP] ence of CIN for two nonionic contrast media (CM), iopromide and iohexol, among 80 patients younger than 18 years and compared the rates

Iohexol [SEP] An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriograph


cyanosis [SEP] on in relation to the type and dosage of CM and the presence of cyanosis. The 80 patients in the study consecutively received either iop

Cyanosis [SEP] A bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to an increase in the amount of deoxygenated hemoglobin


sodium [SEP] iopromide (group A, n = 40) or iohexol (group B, n = 40). Serum sodium (Na), potassium (K), and creatinine (Cr) were measured 24 h bef

Sodium [SEP] A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.


Na [SEP] e (group A, n = 40) or iohexol (group B, n = 40). Serum sodium (Na), potassium (K), and creatinine (Cr) were measured 24 h before


potassium [SEP] oup A, n = 40) or iohexol (group B, n = 40). Serum sodium (Na), potassium (K), and creatinine (Cr) were measured 24 h before angiography

Potassium [SEP] An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cat


K [SEP] 40) or iohexol (group B, n = 40). Serum sodium (Na), potassium (K), and creatinine (Cr) were measured 24 h before angiography as


creatinine [SEP] ohexol (group B, n = 40). Serum sodium (Na), potassium (K), and creatinine (Cr) were measured 24 h before angiography as baseline values,

Creatinine [SEP]


Cr [SEP] p B, n = 40). Serum sodium (Na), potassium (K), and creatinine (Cr) were measured 24 h before angiography as baseline values, then

Creatinine [SEP]


renal failure [SEP]  for Na and Cr also were checked at the same intervals. Risk of renal failure, Injury to the kidney, Failure of kidney function, Loss of kidn

Renal Insufficiency [SEP] Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain


Injury to the kidney [SEP] also were checked at the same intervals. Risk of renal failure, Injury to the kidney, Failure of kidney function, Loss of kidney function, and End-s

Acute Kidney Injury [SEP] Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney


Failure of kidney function [SEP] he same intervals. Risk of renal failure, Injury to the kidney, Failure of kidney function, Loss of kidney function, and End-stage renal damage (RIFLE cri


Loss of kidney function [SEP] enal failure, Injury to the kidney, Failure of kidney function, Loss of kidney function, and End-stage renal damage (RIFLE criteria) were used to defin


renal damage [SEP] lure of kidney function, Loss of kidney function, and End-stage renal damage (RIFLE criteria) were used to define CIN and its incidence in t


renal injury [SEP] .5% of the patients in group A had increased risk and 3.75% had renal injury, whereas 5% of group B had increased risk and 2.5% had renal in


congenital heart diseases [SEP]  CM (p = 0.014). Among the 15 patients with CIN, 6 had cyanotic congenital heart diseases, but the incidence did not differ significantly from that for t

Heart Diseases [SEP] Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.


ventricular tachycardia [SEP] A case of ventricular tachycardia related to caffeine pretreatment.

Tachycardia, Ventricular [SEP] An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the


caffeine [SEP] A case of ventricular tachycardia related to caffeine pretreatment.

Caffeine [SEP] A methylxanthine naturally occurring in some beverages and also used as a pharmacological agent. Caffeine's most notable pharmac


seizure [SEP] Suboptimal seizure duration is commonly encountered in electroconvulsive therapy p

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


caffeine [SEP] y in older patients with higher seizure thresholds. Intravenous caffeine is commonly used to improve seizure duration and quality in suc


ventricular ectopy [SEP] ll tolerated aside from occasional reports of relatively benign ventricular ectopy. We describe a patient with no previous history of cardiac dise

Ventricular Premature Complexes [SEP] A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature contractions of the HEART VENTRICLES. It is characterized by the premature QRS compl


cardiac disease [SEP] cular ectopy. We describe a patient with no previous history of cardiac disease or arrhythmia who developed sustained bigeminy and 2 brief runs


arrhythmia [SEP] scribe a patient with no previous history of cardiac disease or arrhythmia who developed sustained bigeminy and 2 brief runs of ventricula

Arrhythmias, Cardiac [SEP] Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by


ventricular tachycardia [SEP] arrhythmia who developed sustained bigeminy and 2 brief runs of ventricular tachycardia after caffeine administration. Although intravenous caffeine is


ventricular arrhythmias [SEP]  should be aware of the potential for unpredictable and serious ventricular arrhythmias.


ethambutol [SEP] l coherence tomography can measure axonal loss in patients with ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy.

Ethambutol [SEP] An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inh


optic neuropathy [SEP] phy can measure axonal loss in patients with ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy.

Optic Nerve Diseases [SEP] Conditions which produce injury or dysfunction of the second cranial or optic nerve, which is generally considered a component o


axonal degeneration [SEP] PURPOSE: To map and identify the pattern, in vivo, of axonal degeneration in ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy using optical coherence

Nerve Degeneration [SEP] Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction o


ethambutol [SEP] ap and identify the pattern, in vivo, of axonal degeneration in ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy using optical coherence tomography (OC


optic neuropathy [SEP]  pattern, in vivo, of axonal degeneration in ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Ethambutol is an anti


Ethambutol [SEP] uced optic neuropathy using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Ethambutol is an antimycobacterial agent often used to treat tuberculosis.


tuberculosis [SEP] ). Ethambutol is an antimycobacterial agent often used to treat tuberculosis. A serious complication of ethambutol is an optic neuropathy th

Tuberculosis [SEP] Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM.


EMB [SEP]  to miss. METHODS: Three subjects with a history of ethambutol (EMB)-induced optic neuropathy of short-, intermediate-, and long-te


visual deficits [SEP] nduced optic neuropathy of short-, intermediate-, and long-term visual deficits were administered a full neuro-ophthalmologic examination inclu

Vision Disorders [SEP] Visual impairments limiting one or more of the basic functions of the eye: visual acuity, dark adaptation, color vision, or peri


optic neuropathies [SEP] axons) within the papillo-macular bundle in toxic or hereditary optic neuropathies. OCT can be a valuable tool in the quantitative analysis of opt


renal impairment [SEP] important to properly manage ethambutol dosing in patients with renal impairment and to achieve proper transition to a maintenance dose once an


valdecoxib [SEP] Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on card

valdecoxib [SEP]


thrombotic [SEP] steroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis.

Thrombosis [SEP] Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.


arthritis [SEP] nd placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis.

Arthritis [SEP]


thrombotic [SEP] There have been concerns that the risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events may be higher with cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-specific inhib


valdecoxib [SEP] tory drugs (NSAIDs). We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients

valdecoxib [SEP]


osteoarthritis [SEP] ew COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized

Osteoarthritis [SEP] A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is though


rheumatoid arthritis [SEP] nhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. The inci

Arthritis, Rheumatoid [SEP] A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular stru


diclofenac [SEP] alyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and pl

Diclofenac [SEP] A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium


ibuprofen [SEP] xib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 ra

Ibuprofen [SEP] A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic properties used in the therapy of rheumatism and arthritis.


naproxen [SEP] selective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis

Naproxen [SEP] An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatmen


aspirin [SEP] tients (n = 7934) and in users of low-dose (< or =325 mg daily) aspirin (n = 1051) and nonusers of aspirin (n = 6883). Crude and exposu

Aspirin [SEP] The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties a


Thrombotic [SEP] us thrombotic events was also similar for each valdecoxib dose. Thrombotic risk was consistently higher for users of aspirin users than no


ephedrine [SEP] A randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study of ephedrine for SSRI-induced female sexual dysfunction.

Ephedrine [SEP] A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may als


sexual dysfunction [SEP] ontrolled, crossover study of ephedrine for SSRI-induced female sexual dysfunction.

Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological [SEP] Disturbances in sexual desire and the psychophysiologic changes that characterize the sexual response cycle and cause marked dis


ephedrine [SEP] The objective of this study was to determine whether ephedrine, an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist previously shown to enha


sexual dysfunction [SEP] men, has beneficial effects in reversing antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction. Nineteen sexually dysfunctional women receiving either fluoxet


sexually dysfunctional [SEP] n reversing antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction. Nineteen sexually dysfunctional women receiving either fluoxetine, sertraline, or paroxetine pa


fluoxetine [SEP] unction. Nineteen sexually dysfunctional women receiving either fluoxetine, sertraline, or paroxetine participated in an eight-week, doubl

Fluoxetine [SEP] The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effec


sertraline [SEP] eteen sexually dysfunctional women receiving either fluoxetine, sertraline, or paroxetine participated in an eight-week, double-blind, pla

Sertraline [SEP] A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.


paroxetine [SEP] dysfunctional women receiving either fluoxetine, sertraline, or paroxetine participated in an eight-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled

Paroxetine [SEP] A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.


Erectile dysfunction [SEP] Erectile dysfunction occurs following substantia nigra lesions in the rat.

Erectile Dysfunction [SEP] The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction.


6-hydroxydopamine [SEP] was assessed 6 weeks following uni- and bilateral injections of 6-hydroxydopamine in the substantia nigra nucleus of the brain. Behavioral apomor

Oxidopamine [SEP] A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in th


apomorphine [SEP] pamine in the substantia nigra nucleus of the brain. Behavioral apomorphine-induced penile erections were reduced (5/8) and increased (3/8)

Apomorphine [SEP] A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poiso


dopamine [SEP] sed 6 weeks following uni- and bilateral injections of 6-hydroxydopamine in the substantia nigra nucleus of the brain. Behavioral apomor

Dopamine [SEP] One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and


erectile dysfunction [SEP] . Lesions of the substantia nigra are therefore associated with erectile dysfunction in rats and may serve as a model to study erectile dysfunction


Parkinson's disease [SEP]  rats and may serve as a model to study erectile dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson Disease [SEP] A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency


dopamine [SEP] Potential therapeutic use of the selective dopamine D1 receptor agonist, A-86929: an acute study in parkinsonian le


A-86929 [SEP]  therapeutic use of the selective dopamine D1 receptor agonist, A-86929: an acute study in parkinsonian levodopa-primed monkeys.

A 86929 [SEP]


parkinsonian [SEP] ective dopamine D1 receptor agonist, A-86929: an acute study in parkinsonian levodopa-primed monkeys.

Parkinsonian Disorders [SEP] A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; and postural i


levodopa [SEP] ne D1 receptor agonist, A-86929: an acute study in parkinsonian levodopa-primed monkeys.

Levodopa [SEP] The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can b


dopamine [SEP] The clinical utility of dopamine (DA) D1 receptor agonists in the treatment of Parkinson's disea


DA [SEP] The clinical utility of dopamine (DA) D1 receptor agonists in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (


Parkinson's disease [SEP] ility of dopamine (DA) D1 receptor agonists in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) is still unclear. The therapeutic use of selective DA D1 r


PD [SEP] ) D1 receptor agonists in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) is still unclear. The therapeutic use of selective DA D1 recep


SKF-82958 [SEP] he therapeutic use of selective DA D1 receptor agonists such as SKF-82958 (6-chloro-7,8-dihydroxy-3-allyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-

SK&F 82958 [SEP]


6-chloro-7,8-dihydroxy-3-allyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzaze pine hydrobromide [SEP] tic use of selective DA D1 receptor agonists such as SKF-82958 (6-chloro-7,8-dihydroxy-3-allyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzaze pine hydrobromide) and A-77636 ([1R, 3S] 3-[1'-admantyl]-1-aminomethyl-3,4-dihydr

SK&F 82958 [SEP]


A-77636 [SEP] 1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzaze pine hydrobromide) and A-77636 ([1R, 3S] 3-[1'-admantyl]-1-aminomethyl-3,4-dihydro-5,6-dihydro

A 77636 [SEP]


[1R, 3S] 3-[1'-admantyl]-1-aminomethyl-3,4-dihydro-5,6-dihydroxy-1H-2-benzo pyran hydrochloride [SEP] 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzaze pine hydrobromide) and A-77636 ([1R, 3S] 3-[1'-admantyl]-1-aminomethyl-3,4-dihydro-5,6-dihydroxy-1H-2-benzo pyran hydrochloride) seems limited because of their duration of action, which is to

A 77636 [SEP]


1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine [SEP] erefore conducted the present acute dose-response study in four 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-exposed cynomolgus monkeys primed to exhibit levodopa-in

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine [SEP] A dopaminergic neurotoxic compound which produces irreversible clinical, chemical, and pathological alterations that mimic those


MPTP [SEP] nse study in four 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-exposed cynomolgus monkeys primed to exhibit levodopa-induced


levodopa [SEP] dropyridine (MPTP)-exposed cynomolgus monkeys primed to exhibit levodopa-induced dyskinesias to evaluate the locomotor and dyskinetic ef


dyskinesias [SEP] )-exposed cynomolgus monkeys primed to exhibit levodopa-induced dyskinesias to evaluate the locomotor and dyskinetic effects on challenge w

Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced [SEP] Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or


dyskinetic [SEP] ibit levodopa-induced dyskinesias to evaluate the locomotor and dyskinetic effects on challenge with four doses (from 0.03 to 1.0 mg/kg) o


A-86929 [SEP] ffects on challenge with four doses (from 0.03 to 1.0 mg/kg) of A-86929 ([-]-[5aR,11bS]-4,5,5a,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2-propyl-3-thia-5-+ ++

A 86929 [SEP]


[-]-[5aR,11bS]-4,5,5a,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2-propyl-3-thia-5-+ ++azacyclopent-1- ena[c]phenathrene-9-10-diol [SEP]  challenge with four doses (from 0.03 to 1.0 mg/kg) of A-86929 ([-]-[5aR,11bS]-4,5,5a,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2-propyl-3-thia-5-+ ++azacyclopent-1- ena[c]phenathrene-9-10-diol), a selective and full DA D1-like receptor agonist with an inte

A 86929 [SEP]


Levodopa [SEP] -like receptor agonist with an intermediate duration of action. Levodopa and the DA D2-like receptor agonist, LY-171555 ([4aR-trans]-4,4


LY-171555 [SEP] ration of action. Levodopa and the DA D2-like receptor agonist, LY-171555 ([4aR-trans]-4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a,9-o-dihydro-5n-propyl-2H-pyrazo lo

4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a,9-octahydro-5-propyl-1H-pyrzolo(3,4-g)quinoline [SEP]


[4aR-trans]-4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a,9-o-dihydro-5n-propyl-2H-pyrazo lo-3-4-quinoline hydrochloride [SEP] ction. Levodopa and the DA D2-like receptor agonist, LY-171555 ([4aR-trans]-4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a,9-o-dihydro-5n-propyl-2H-pyrazo lo-3-4-quinoline hydrochloride) were also used for comparison. Acute administration of A-86929


parkinsonism [SEP] ation of A-86929 was as efficacious in alleviating MPTP-induced parkinsonism as levodopa and LY-171555, but was less likely to reproduce the


convulsions [SEP] Deaths from local anesthetic-induced convulsions in mice.

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


convulsions [SEP] mice to evaluate the threat to life of local anesthetic-induced convulsions. The CD50 and LD50, respectively, were 57.7 and 58.7 mg/kg for


bupivacaine [SEP] . The CD50 and LD50, respectively, were 57.7 and 58.7 mg/kg for bupivacaine, 111.0 and 133.1 mg/kg for lidocaine, and 243.4 and 266.5 mg/kg

Bupivacaine [SEP] A widely used local anesthetic agent.


lidocaine [SEP]  57.7 and 58.7 mg/kg for bupivacaine, 111.0 and 133.1 mg/kg for lidocaine, and 243.4 and 266.5 mg/kg for chloroprocaine. When given intra

Lidocaine [SEP] A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more pro


chloroprocaine [SEP] .0 and 133.1 mg/kg for lidocaine, and 243.4 and 266.5 mg/kg for chloroprocaine. When given intraperitoneally, bupivacaine thus was only about

chloroprocaine [SEP]


Convulsions [SEP] s toxic as lidocaine and four times as toxic as chloroprocaine. Convulsions always preceded death, except after precipitous cardiopulmonary


cardiopulmonary arrest [SEP] ne. Convulsions always preceded death, except after precipitous cardiopulmonary arrest from extreme doses. A CD50 dose of local anesthetic (causing co

Heart Arrest [SEP] Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most c


seizures [SEP] ulsions in 50% of mice) was fatal in 90% of bupivacaine-induced seizures, in 57% of the chloroprocaine group, and in 6% of the lidocaine


absence seizures [SEP] Myoclonic, atonic, and absence seizures following institution of carbamazepine therapy in children.

Epilepsy, Absence [SEP] A childhood seizure disorder characterized by rhythmic electrical brain discharges of generalized onset. Clinical features inclu


carbamazepine [SEP] yoclonic, atonic, and absence seizures following institution of carbamazepine therapy in children.

Carbamazepine [SEP] An anticonvulsant used to control grand mal and psychomotor or focal seizures. Its mode of action is not fully understood, but s


carbamazepine [SEP] Five children, aged 3 to 11 years, treated with carbamazepine for epilepsy, had an acute aberrant reaction characterized by t


epilepsy [SEP] ve children, aged 3 to 11 years, treated with carbamazepine for epilepsy, had an acute aberrant reaction characterized by the onset of m

Epilepsy [SEP] A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuron


seizures [SEP] nset of myoclonic, atypical absence and/or atonic (minor motor) seizures within a few days. When the carbamazepine was discontinued, two


ceroid lipofuscinosis [SEP] he child in whom the seizures persisted was later found to have ceroid lipofuscinosis. The other children are doing well on other anticonvulsants.

Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses [SEP] A group of severe neurodegenerative diseases characterized by intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent wax-like lipid mater


Naloxone [SEP] Naloxone reversal of hypotension due to captopril overdose.

Naloxone [SEP] A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid recepto


hypotension [SEP] Naloxone reversal of hypotension due to captopril overdose.

Hypotension [SEP] Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DI


captopril [SEP] Naloxone reversal of hypotension due to captopril overdose.

Captopril [SEP] A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoco


overdose [SEP] Naloxone reversal of hypotension due to captopril overdose.

Drug Overdose [SEP] Accidental or deliberate use of a medication or street drug in excess of normal dosage.


captopril [SEP] The hemodynamic effects of captopril and other angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors may be media


angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors [SEP] The hemodynamic effects of captopril and other angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors may be mediated by the endogenous opioid system. The opioid ant

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors [SEP] A class of drugs whose main indications are the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. They exert their hemodynamic effect


naloxone [SEP] mediated by the endogenous opioid system. The opioid antagonist naloxone has been shown to block or reverse the hypotensive actions of c


hypotensive [SEP] ioid antagonist naloxone has been shown to block or reverse the hypotensive actions of captopril. We report a case of an intentional captop


overdose [SEP] ions of captopril. We report a case of an intentional captopril overdose, manifested by marked hypotension, that resolved promptly with


hypotension [SEP] case of an intentional captopril overdose, manifested by marked hypotension, that resolved promptly with the administration of naloxone. To


Carbamazepine [SEP] Carbamazepine-induced cardiac dysfunction. Characterization of two distinct c


cardiac dysfunction [SEP] Carbamazepine-induced cardiac dysfunction. Characterization of two distinct clinical syndromes.

Heart Diseases [SEP] Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.


bradycardia [SEP] A patient with sinus bradycardia and atrioventricular block, induced by carbamazepine, prompted

Bradycardia [SEP] Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. Th


atrioventricular block [SEP] A patient with sinus bradycardia and atrioventricular block, induced by carbamazepine, prompted an extensive literature rev

Atrioventricular Block [SEP] Impaired impulse conduction from HEART ATRIA to HEART VENTRICLES. AV block can mean delayed or completely blocked impulse conduc


carbamazepine [SEP] t with sinus bradycardia and atrioventricular block, induced by carbamazepine, prompted an extensive literature review of all previously repo


cardiac dysfunction [SEP]  of these cases, two distinct forms of carbamazepine-associated cardiac dysfunction emerged. One patient group developed sinus tachycardias in the


sinus tachycardias [SEP] ciated cardiac dysfunction emerged. One patient group developed sinus tachycardias in the setting of a massive carbamazepine overdose. The second

Tachycardia, Sinus [SEP] Simple rapid heartbeats caused by rapid discharge of impulses from the SINOATRIAL NODE, usually between 100 and 180 beats/min in


overdose [SEP] ed sinus tachycardias in the setting of a massive carbamazepine overdose. The second group consisted almost exclusively of elderly women


bradyarrhythmias [SEP] ely of elderly women who developed potentially life-threatening bradyarrhythmias or atrioventricular conduction delay, associated with either th


atrioventricular conduction delay [SEP]  who developed potentially life-threatening bradyarrhythmias or atrioventricular conduction delay, associated with either therapeutic or modestly elevated carbam


psychiatric [SEP] mazepine is widely used in the treatment of many neurologic and psychiatric conditions, the recognition of the latter syndrome has importan

Mental Disorders [SEP] Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of tho


NMDA [SEP] Glutamatergic neurotransmission mediated by NMDA receptors in the inferior colliculus can modulate haloperidol-i

N-Methylaspartate [SEP] An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NM


haloperidol [SEP] iated by NMDA receptors in the inferior colliculus can modulate haloperidol-induced catalepsy.

Haloperidol [SEP] A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoa


catalepsy [SEP] ors in the inferior colliculus can modulate haloperidol-induced catalepsy.

Catalepsy [SEP] A condition characterized by inactivity, decreased responsiveness to stimuli, and a tendency to maintain an immobile posture. Th


amino acid [SEP] at activation of the IC by electrical stimulation or excitatory amino acid microinjection causes freezing, escape-like behavior, and immob

Amino Acids [SEP] Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits


catalepsy [SEP] e of excitatory amino acid-mediated mechanisms in the IC on the catalepsy induced by the dopamine receptor blocker haloperidol administer


dopamine [SEP] d-mediated mechanisms in the IC on the catalepsy induced by the dopamine receptor blocker haloperidol administered systemically (1 or 0.

Dopamine [SEP] One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and


haloperidol [SEP] he IC on the catalepsy induced by the dopamine receptor blocker haloperidol administered systemically (1 or 0.5 mg/kg) in rats. Haloperidol


Haloperidol [SEP] haloperidol administered systemically (1 or 0.5 mg/kg) in rats. Haloperidol-induced catalepsy was challenged with prior intracollicular mic


glutamate [SEP] sy was challenged with prior intracollicular microinjections of glutamate NMDA receptor antagonists, MK-801 (15 or 30 mmol/0.5 microl) an

Glutamic Acid [SEP] A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in th


NMDA [SEP] llenged with prior intracollicular microinjections of glutamate NMDA receptor antagonists, MK-801 (15 or 30 mmol/0.5 microl) and AP7


MK-801 [SEP] licular microinjections of glutamate NMDA receptor antagonists, MK-801 (15 or 30 mmol/0.5 microl) and AP7 (10 or 20 nmol/0.5 microl),

Dizocilpine Maleate [SEP] A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The dr


AP7 [SEP] MDA receptor antagonists, MK-801 (15 or 30 mmol/0.5 microl) and AP7 (10 or 20 nmol/0.5 microl), or of the NMDA receptor agonist N-m

2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid [SEP]


N-methyl-d-aspartate [SEP] AP7 (10 or 20 nmol/0.5 microl), or of the NMDA receptor agonist N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA, 20 or 30 nmol/0.5 microl). The results showed that intra


glutamate [SEP] Metabotropic glutamate 7 receptor subtype modulates motor symptoms in rodent models of


Parkinson's disease [SEP] 7 receptor subtype modulates motor symptoms in rodent models of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson Disease [SEP] A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency


glutamate [SEP] Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors modulate synaptic transmission in the central


Parkinson's disease [SEP] sent promising therapeutic targets for symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Among the eight mGlu receptor subtypes, mGlu7 receptor is


PD [SEP] eutic targets for symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Among the eight mGlu receptor subtypes, mGlu7 receptor is pro


N,N'-dibenzhydrylethane-1,2-diamine dihydrochloride [SEP] or function in animal models of PD is not known. The effects of N,N'-dibenzhydrylethane-1,2-diamine dihydrochloride (AMN082), the first selective allosteric activator of mGlu7 rec

N,N'-dibenzhydrylethane-1,2-diamine dihydrochloride [SEP]


AMN082 [SEP] effects of N,N'-dibenzhydrylethane-1,2-diamine dihydrochloride (AMN082), the first selective allosteric activator of mGlu7 receptors,


haloperidol [SEP] rastriatal administration (0.1 and 0.5 nmol) of AMN082 reverses haloperidol-induced catalepsy in rats. AMN082 (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) reduces apo


catalepsy [SEP] ation (0.1 and 0.5 nmol) of AMN082 reverses haloperidol-induced catalepsy in rats. AMN082 (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) reduces apomorphine-induced r


apomorphine [SEP] dol-induced catalepsy in rats. AMN082 (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) reduces apomorphine-induced rotations in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesi

Apomorphine [SEP] A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poiso


6-hydroxydopamine [SEP] nd 5 mg/kg) reduces apomorphine-induced rotations in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats. In a more complex task commonly used to

Oxidopamine [SEP] A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in th


6-OHDA [SEP]  apomorphine-induced rotations in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats. In a more complex task commonly used to evaluat


akinetic [SEP] ed rats. In a more complex task commonly used to evaluate major akinetic symptoms of PD patients, 5 mg/kg AMN082 reverses the increased

Hypokinesia [SEP] Slow or diminished movement of body musculature. It may be associated with BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; MENTAL DISORDERS; prolonged i


dopamine [SEP] g) reduces apomorphine-induced rotations in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats. In a more complex task commonly used to


Nimodipine [SEP] Nimodipine prevents memory impairment caused by nitroglycerin-induced hypo

Nimodipine [SEP] A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lower


memory impairment [SEP] Nimodipine prevents memory impairment caused by nitroglycerin-induced hypotension in adult mice.

Memory Disorders [SEP] Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory


nitroglycerin [SEP] Nimodipine prevents memory impairment caused by nitroglycerin-induced hypotension in adult mice.

Nitroglycerin [SEP] A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is als


hypotension [SEP] pine prevents memory impairment caused by nitroglycerin-induced hypotension in adult mice.

Hypotension [SEP] Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DI


Hypotension [SEP] BACKGROUND: Hypotension and a resultant decrease in cerebral blood flow have been impli


cognitive dysfunction [SEP]  cerebral blood flow have been implicated in the development of cognitive dysfunction. We tested the hypothesis that nimodipine (NIMO) administered a

Cognition Disorders [SEP] Disturbances in the mental process related to thinking, reasoning, and judgment.


nimodipine [SEP] lopment of cognitive dysfunction. We tested the hypothesis that nimodipine (NIMO) administered at the onset of nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced


NIMO [SEP] ognitive dysfunction. We tested the hypothesis that nimodipine (NIMO) administered at the onset of nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced hypot


nitroglycerin [SEP]  hypothesis that nimodipine (NIMO) administered at the onset of nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced hypotension would preserve long-term associative


NTG [SEP] t nimodipine (NIMO) administered at the onset of nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced hypotension would preserve long-term associative memor


hypotension [SEP] (NIMO) administered at the onset of nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced hypotension would preserve long-term associative memory. METHODS: The passi


hypotensive [SEP]  similar training latencies (17.0 +/- 4.6 s). Mice subjected to hypotensive episodes showed a significant decrease in latency time (178 +/-


calcium [SEP] ffect of NIMO may have been attributable to the preservation of calcium homeostasis during hypotension, because there were no differenc

Calcium [SEP] A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic sym


haemopericardium [SEP] Fatal haemopericardium and gastrointestinal haemorrhage due to possible interaction of

Pericardial Effusion [SEP] Fluid accumulation within the PERICARDIUM. Serous effusions are associated with pericardial diseases. Hemopericardium is associa


gastrointestinal haemorrhage [SEP] Fatal haemopericardium and gastrointestinal haemorrhage due to possible interaction of cranberry juice with warfarin.

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.


warfarin [SEP] haemorrhage due to possible interaction of cranberry juice with warfarin.

Warfarin [SEP] An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the


haemorrhage [SEP] We report a case of fatal internal haemorrhage in an elderly man who consumed only cranberry juice for two wee

Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.


warfarin [SEP] berry juice for two weeks while maintaining his usual dosage of warfarin. We propose that naturally occurring compounds such as flavonoi


flavonoids [SEP] warfarin. We propose that naturally occurring compounds such as flavonoids, which are present in fruit juices, may increase the potency of

Flavonoids [SEP] A group of phenyl benzopyrans named for having structures like FLAVONES.


Isoproterenol [SEP] Isoproterenol induces primary loss of dystrophin in rat hearts: correlation w

Isoproterenol [SEP] Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. I


myocardial injury [SEP] uces primary loss of dystrophin in rat hearts: correlation with myocardial injury.

Cardiomyopathies [SEP] A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classifi


isoproterenol [SEP] The mechanism of isoproterenol-induced myocardial damage is unknown, but a mismatch of oxygen


myocardial damage [SEP] The mechanism of isoproterenol-induced myocardial damage is unknown, but a mismatch of oxygen supply vs. demand followin


oxygen [SEP] terenol-induced myocardial damage is unknown, but a mismatch of oxygen supply vs. demand following coronary hypotension and myocardial

Oxygen [SEP] An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on ear


hypotension [SEP] , but a mismatch of oxygen supply vs. demand following coronary hypotension and myocardial hyperactivity is the best explanation for the co


myocardial hyperactivity [SEP]  of oxygen supply vs. demand following coronary hypotension and myocardial hyperactivity is the best explanation for the complex morphological alteratio


ischaemic injury [SEP] nd the cytoskeleton in cardiomyocyte. These changes, related to ischaemic injury, explain the severe alterations in the structural integrity of

Ischemia [SEP] A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS,


fat [SEP] High fat diet-fed obese rats are highly sensitive to doxorubicin-induced

Dietary Fats [SEP] Fats present in food, especially in animal products such as meat, meat products, butter, ghee. They are present in lower amounts


obese [SEP] High fat diet-fed obese rats are highly sensitive to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity

Obesity [SEP] A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS i


doxorubicin [SEP] High fat diet-fed obese rats are highly sensitive to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Doxorubicin [SEP] Antineoplastic antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces peucetius. It is a hydroxy derivative of DAUNORUBICIN.


cardiotoxicity [SEP] diet-fed obese rats are highly sensitive to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Cardiotoxicity [SEP] Damage to the heart or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY;


doxorubicin [SEP] Often, chemotherapy by doxorubicin (Adriamycin) is limited due to life threatening cardiotoxicity


Adriamycin [SEP] Often, chemotherapy by doxorubicin (Adriamycin) is limited due to life threatening cardiotoxicity in patients


cardiotoxicity [SEP]  by doxorubicin (Adriamycin) is limited due to life threatening cardiotoxicity in patients during and posttherapy. Recently, we have shown tha


triglycerides [SEP] ection is accompanied by decreased cardiac oxidative stress and triglycerides and increased cardiac fatty-acid oxidation, ATP synthesis, and

Triglycerides [SEP]


ATP [SEP] s and triglycerides and increased cardiac fatty-acid oxidation, ATP synthesis, and upregulated JAK/STAT3 pathway. In the current st

Adenosine Triphosphate [SEP] An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in meta


fat [SEP] ardiac oxidative stress and triglycerides and increased cardiac fatty-acid oxidation, ATP synthesis, and upregulated JAK/STAT3 path


obesity [SEP]  intervention by feeding 40% high fat diet (HFD), which induces obesity in male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-275 g), sensitizes to doxorubi


cardiac dysfunction [SEP] day 43 of the HFD feeding regimen led to higher cardiotoxicity, cardiac dysfunction, lipid peroxidation, and 80% mortality in the obese (OB) rats i

Heart Diseases [SEP] Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.


obese [SEP] rdiac dysfunction, lipid peroxidation, and 80% mortality in the obese (OB) rats in the absence of any significant renal or hepatic to


OB [SEP] ysfunction, lipid peroxidation, and 80% mortality in the obese (OB) rats in the absence of any significant renal or hepatic toxici


hepatic toxicity [SEP]  the obese (OB) rats in the absence of any significant renal or hepatic toxicity. Doxorubicin toxicokinetics studies revealed no change in accum

Drug-Induced Liver Injury [SEP] A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug


Doxorubicin [SEP] ts in the absence of any significant renal or hepatic toxicity. Doxorubicin toxicokinetics studies revealed no change in accumulation of do


doxorubicinol [SEP] s studies revealed no change in accumulation of doxorubicin and doxorubicinol (toxic metabolite) in the normal diet-fed (ND) and OB hearts. M

adriamycinol [SEP]


AMP [SEP] 0.2+/-11.8 nmol/min/g heart in OB), (5) decreased mitochondrial AMP-alpha2 protein kinase, and (6) 86% drop in cardiac ATP levels a

Adenosine Monophosphate [SEP] Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.


ADP [SEP] (6) 86% drop in cardiac ATP levels accompanied by decreased ATP/ADP ratio after doxorubicin administration. Decreased cardiac eryth

Adenosine Diphosphate [SEP] Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at


atrioventricular block [SEP] Complete atrioventricular block secondary to lithium therapy.

Atrioventricular Block [SEP] Impaired impulse conduction from HEART ATRIA to HEART VENTRICLES. AV block can mean delayed or completely blocked impulse conduc


lithium [SEP] Complete atrioventricular block secondary to lithium therapy.

Lithium [SEP] An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of


Sinus node dysfunction [SEP] Sinus node dysfunction has been reported most frequently among the adverse cardiovascu

Sick Sinus Syndrome [SEP] A condition caused by dysfunctions related to the SINOATRIAL NODE including impulse generation (CARDIAC SINUS ARREST) and impuls


lithium [SEP] ted most frequently among the adverse cardiovascular effects of lithium. In the present case, complete atrioventricular (AV) block with


atrioventricular (AV) block [SEP] ardiovascular effects of lithium. In the present case, complete atrioventricular (AV) block with syncopal attacks developed secondary to lithium therapy, n


syncopal attacks [SEP]  In the present case, complete atrioventricular (AV) block with syncopal attacks developed secondary to lithium therapy, necessitating permanent

Syncope [SEP] A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN ISCHEMIA). Presync


Lithium [SEP] er or within the therapeutic range during the syncopal attacks. Lithium should be used with extreme caution, especially in patients wit


Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [SEP] Neuroleptic malignant syndrome induced by ziprasidone on the second day of treatment.

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome [SEP] A potentially fatal syndrome associated primarily with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS) which are in tur


ziprasidone [SEP] Neuroleptic malignant syndrome induced by ziprasidone on the second day of treatment.

ziprasidone [SEP]


Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [SEP] Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is the rarest and most serious of the neuroleptic-induced


NMS [SEP] Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is the rarest and most serious of the neuroleptic-induced move