movement disorders [SEP] (NMS) is the rarest and most serious of the neuroleptic-induced movement disorders. We describe a case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) ass

Movement Disorders [SEP] Syndromes which feature DYSKINESIAS as a cardinal manifestation of the disease process. Included in this category are degenerati


neuroleptic malignant syndrome [SEP] e neuroleptic-induced movement disorders. We describe a case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) associated with the use of ziprasidone. Although conventi

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome [SEP] A potentially fatal syndrome associated primarily with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS) which are in tur


ziprasidone [SEP] neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) associated with the use of ziprasidone. Although conventional neuroleptics are more frequently associa

ziprasidone [SEP]


schizophrenia [SEP] be a cause. The patient is a 24-year-old male with a history of schizophrenia who developed signs and symptoms of NMS after 2 days of treatme

Schizophrenia [SEP] A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALL


mangiferin [SEP] Role of mangiferin on biochemical alterations and antioxidant status in isoprotere

mangiferin [SEP]


isoproterenol [SEP] mangiferin on biochemical alterations and antioxidant status in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats.

Isoproterenol [SEP] Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. I


myocardial infarction [SEP] cal alterations and antioxidant status in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats.

Myocardial Infarction [SEP] NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).


mangiferin [SEP] The current study dealt with the protective role of mangiferin, a polyphenol from Mangifera indica Linn. (Anacardiaceae), on i

mangiferin [SEP]


polyphenol [SEP] e current study dealt with the protective role of mangiferin, a polyphenol from Mangifera indica Linn. (Anacardiaceae), on isoproterenol (

Polyphenols [SEP] A large class of organic compounds having more than one PHENOL group.


isoproterenol [SEP] n, a polyphenol from Mangifera indica Linn. (Anacardiaceae), on isoproterenol (ISPH)-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats through its a


ISPH [SEP]  from Mangifera indica Linn. (Anacardiaceae), on isoproterenol (ISPH)-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats through its antioxi


myocardial infarction [SEP] a indica Linn. (Anacardiaceae), on isoproterenol (ISPH)-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats through its antioxidative mechanism. Subcutaneous


MI [SEP] iaceae), on isoproterenol (ISPH)-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats through its antioxidative mechanism. Subcutaneous inje


myocardial damage [SEP] dy weight in 1 ml saline) to rats for 2 consecutive days caused myocardial damage in rat heart, which was determined by the increased activity of

Cardiomyopathies [SEP] A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classifi


lactate [SEP]  heart, which was determined by the increased activity of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes (CK-M

Lactic Acid [SEP] A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent


creatine [SEP] the increased activity of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes (CK-MB), increased uric acid level and

Creatine [SEP] An amino acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. In muscle tissue, creatine generally occurs as phosphocreatine. Cr


uric acid [SEP]  (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes (CK-MB), increased uric acid level and reduced plasma iron binding capacity. The protective

Uric Acid [SEP] An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product o


iron [SEP] soenzymes (CK-MB), increased uric acid level and reduced plasma iron binding capacity. The protective role of mangiferin was analyze

Iron [SEP] A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBI


triphenyl tetrazolium chloride [SEP] ing capacity. The protective role of mangiferin was analyzed by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) test used for macroscopic enzyme mapping assay of the isc

triphenyltetrazolium [SEP]


TTC [SEP] e of mangiferin was analyzed by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) test used for macroscopic enzyme mapping assay of the ischemic

triphenyltetrazolium [SEP]


ischemic myocardium [SEP] ide (TTC) test used for macroscopic enzyme mapping assay of the ischemic myocardium. The heart tissue antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismut

Myocardial Ischemia [SEP] A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may


superoxide [SEP] chemic myocardium. The heart tissue antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transf

Superoxides [SEP] Highly reactive compounds produced when oxygen is reduced by a single electron. In biological systems, they may be generated dur


glutathione [SEP] sue antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase and glutathione reductase a

Glutathione [SEP] A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some en


Vitamin C [SEP] se activities, non-enzymic antioxidants such as cerruloplasmin, Vitamin C, Vitamin E and glutathione levels were altered in MI rats. Upon

Ascorbic Acid [SEP] A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essent


Vitamin E [SEP] es, non-enzymic antioxidants such as cerruloplasmin, Vitamin C, Vitamin E and glutathione levels were altered in MI rats. Upon pretreatme

Vitamin E [SEP] A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydr


dimethyl sulphoxide [SEP] ent with mangiferin (100 mg/kg body weight suspended in 2 ml of dimethyl sulphoxide) given intraperitoneally for 28 days to MI rats protected the a

Dimethyl Sulfoxide [SEP] A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membran


cardiac damage [SEP] t potential, which regulated the tissues defense system against cardiac damage.

Heart Diseases [SEP] Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.


Remifentanil [SEP] Remifentanil pretreatment reduces myoclonus after etomidate.

remifentanil [SEP]


myoclonus [SEP] Remifentanil pretreatment reduces myoclonus after etomidate.

Myoclonus [SEP] Involuntary shock-like contractions, irregular in rhythm and amplitude, followed by relaxation, of a muscle or a group of muscle


etomidate [SEP] Remifentanil pretreatment reduces myoclonus after etomidate.

Etomidate [SEP] Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It ha


remifentanil [SEP] aim of the study was to compare the effect of pretreatment with remifentanil 1 microg/kg and the effect of gender on the incidence of myoclo

remifentanil [SEP]


myoclonus [SEP] ntanil 1 microg/kg and the effect of gender on the incidence of myoclonus after anesthesia induction with etomidate. DESIGN: This was a r


etomidate [SEP] r on the incidence of myoclonus after anesthesia induction with etomidate. DESIGN: This was a randomized, double-blind study. SETTING: Th


Myoclonus [SEP] placebo injection, etomidate 0.3 mg/kg was given. MEASUREMENTS: Myoclonus was recorded with a scale of 0 to 3. The grade of sedation (non


nausea [SEP] f 0 to 3. The grade of sedation (none, mild, moderate, severe), nausea, pruritus, and apnea were recorded after injection of both drug

Nausea [SEP] An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and moti


pruritus [SEP] . The grade of sedation (none, mild, moderate, severe), nausea, pruritus, and apnea were recorded after injection of both drugs. MAIN RE

Pruritus [SEP] An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.


apnea [SEP]  sedation (none, mild, moderate, severe), nausea, pruritus, and apnea were recorded after injection of both drugs. MAIN RESULTS: The

Apnea [SEP] A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.


Daidzein [SEP] Daidzein activates choline acetyltransferase from MC-IXC cells and impro

daidzein [SEP]


choline [SEP] Daidzein activates choline acetyltransferase from MC-IXC cells and improves drug-induced a

Choline [SEP] A basic constituent of lecithin that is found in many plants and animal organs. It is important as a precursor of acetylcholine,


amnesia [SEP] e acetyltransferase from MC-IXC cells and improves drug-induced amnesia.

Amnesia [SEP] Pathologic partial or complete loss of the ability to recall past experiences (AMNESIA, RETROGRADE) or to form new memories (AMN


choline [SEP] The choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activator, which enhances cholinergic


acetylcholine [SEP] transmission via an augmentation of the enzymatic production of acetylcholine (ACh), is an important factor in the treatment of Alzheimer's d

Acetylcholine [SEP] A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathe


ACh [SEP] a an augmentation of the enzymatic production of acetylcholine (ACh), is an important factor in the treatment of Alzheimer's diseas


Alzheimer's disease [SEP] acetylcholine (ACh), is an important factor in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methanolic extracts from Pueraria thunbergiana exhibited

Alzheimer Disease [SEP] A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention


AD [SEP] is an important factor in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methanolic extracts from Pueraria thunbergiana exhibited an a


daidzein [SEP] thunbergiana, the active component was ultimately identified as daidzein (4',7-dihydroxy-isoflavone). In order to investigate the effect

daidzein [SEP]


4',7-dihydroxy-isoflavone [SEP] na, the active component was ultimately identified as daidzein (4',7-dihydroxy-isoflavone). In order to investigate the effects of daidzein from Pueraria

daidzein [SEP]


scopolamine [SEP] vestigate the effects of daidzein from Pueraria thunbergiana on scopolamine-induced impairments of learning and memory, we conducted a seri

Scopolamine Hydrobromide [SEP] An alkaloid from SOLANACEAE, especially DATURA and SCOPOLIA. Scopolamine and its quaternary derivatives act as antimuscarinics l


impairments of learning [SEP] s of daidzein from Pueraria thunbergiana on scopolamine-induced impairments of learning and memory, we conducted a series of in vivo tests. Administrat

Learning Disorders [SEP] Conditions characterized by a significant discrepancy between an individual's perceived level of intellect and their ability to


amnesia [SEP]  to mice was shown significantly to reverse scopolamine-induced amnesia, according to the results of a Y-maze test. Injections of scopo


azithromycin [SEP] Possible azithromycin-associated hiccups.

Azithromycin [SEP] A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium a


hiccups [SEP] Possible azithromycin-associated hiccups.

Hiccup [SEP] A spasm of the diaphragm that causes a sudden inhalation followed by rapid closure of the glottis which produces a sound.


hiccups [SEP] OBJECTIVE: To report a case of persistent hiccups associated by azithromycin therapy. CASE SUMMARY: A 76-year-old


azithromycin [SEP] OBJECTIVE: To report a case of persistent hiccups associated by azithromycin therapy. CASE SUMMARY: A 76-year-old man presented with persist


pharyngitis [SEP] stent hiccups after beginning azithromycin for the treatment of pharyngitis. Hiccups were persistent and exhausting. Discontinuation of azi

Pharyngitis [SEP] Inflammation of the throat (PHARYNX).


Hiccups [SEP]  after beginning azithromycin for the treatment of pharyngitis. Hiccups were persistent and exhausting. Discontinuation of azithromycin


baclofen [SEP] nd exhausting. Discontinuation of azithromycin and therapy with baclofen finally resolved hiccups. No organic cause of hiccups was ident

Baclofen [SEP] A GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID derivative that is a specific agonist of GABA-B RECEPTORS. It is used in the treatment of MUSCLE SPAST


dexamethasone [SEP]  have been uncommonly associated with hiccups. Corticosteroids (dexamethasone and methylprednisolone), benzodiazepines (midazolam) and genera

Dexamethasone [SEP] An anti-inflammatory 9-fluoro-glucocorticoid.


methylprednisolone [SEP] nly associated with hiccups. Corticosteroids (dexamethasone and methylprednisolone), benzodiazepines (midazolam) and general anaesthesia have been

Methylprednisolone [SEP] A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.


benzodiazepines [SEP] iccups. Corticosteroids (dexamethasone and methylprednisolone), benzodiazepines (midazolam) and general anaesthesia have been the specific agen

Benzodiazepines [SEP] A group of two-ring heterocyclic compounds consisting of a benzene ring fused to a diazepine ring.


midazolam [SEP] eroids (dexamethasone and methylprednisolone), benzodiazepines (midazolam) and general anaesthesia have been the specific agents mentione

Midazolam [SEP] A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endosco


macrolide [SEP] Few cases of drug-induced hiccups have been reported related to macrolide antimicrobials. Using the Naranjo adverse effect reaction proba

Macrolides [SEP] A group of often glycosylated macrocyclic compounds formed by chain extension of multiple PROPIONATES cyclized into a large (typ


macrolides [SEP] temporal sequence, previous reports on this reaction with other macrolides and the absence of any alternative explanation for hiccups. Our


warfarin [SEP] Time trends in warfarin-associated hemorrhage.

Warfarin [SEP] An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the


hemorrhage [SEP] Time trends in warfarin-associated hemorrhage.

Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.


warfarin [SEP] The annual incidence of warfarin-related bleeding at Brigham and Women's Hospital increased from


bleeding [SEP] The annual incidence of warfarin-related bleeding at Brigham and Women's Hospital increased from 0.97/1,000 patie


intracranial bleeding [SEP]  2002) of this study. The proportion of patients with major and intracranial bleeding increased from 20.2% and 1.9%, respectively, in the first time

Intracranial Hemorrhages [SEP] Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. The escape of blood often lea


haemorrhagic [SEP] Fatal haemorrhagic myocarditis secondary to cyclophosphamide therapy.


myocarditis [SEP] Fatal haemorrhagic myocarditis secondary to cyclophosphamide therapy.

Myocarditis [SEP] Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCY


cyclophosphamide [SEP] Fatal haemorrhagic myocarditis secondary to cyclophosphamide therapy.

Cyclophosphamide [SEP] Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to fo


Haemorrhagic [SEP] Haemorrhagic myocarditis is a rare but important complication of cyclophosph


myocarditis [SEP] Haemorrhagic myocarditis is a rare but important complication of cyclophosphamide therap


cyclophosphamide [SEP] aemorrhagic myocarditis is a rare but important complication of cyclophosphamide therapy. Echocardiographic identification of the disorder can b


Glyceryl trinitrate [SEP] Glyceryl trinitrate induces attacks of migraine without aura in sufferers of migrai

Nitroglycerin [SEP] A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is als


migraine without aura [SEP] Glyceryl trinitrate induces attacks of migraine without aura in sufferers of migraine with aura.

Migraine without Aura [SEP] Recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches, not preceded or accompanied by an aura, in attacks lasting 4-72 hours. It is character


migraine with aura [SEP] itrate induces attacks of migraine without aura in sufferers of migraine with aura.

Migraine with Aura [SEP] A subtype of migraine disorder, characterized by recurrent attacks of reversible neurological symptoms (aura) that precede or ac


Migraine with aura [SEP] Migraine with aura and migraine without aura have the same pain phase, thus indica


migraine without aura [SEP] Migraine with aura and migraine without aura have the same pain phase, thus indicating that migraine with au


pain [SEP] Migraine with aura and migraine without aura have the same pain phase, thus indicating that migraine with aura and migraine wit

Pain [SEP] An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.


migraine with aura [SEP] ine without aura have the same pain phase, thus indicating that migraine with aura and migraine without aura share a common pathway of nociception


nitric oxide [SEP] , increasing evidence has suggested that the messenger molecule nitric oxide (NO) is involved in pain mechanisms of migraine without aura. I

Nitric Oxide [SEP] A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Ni


NO [SEP] vidence has suggested that the messenger molecule nitric oxide (NO) is involved in pain mechanisms of migraine without aura. In or


headache [SEP] ue for migraine with aura, in the present study we examined the headache response to intravenous infusion of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) (

Headache [SEP] The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACH


glyceryl trinitrate [SEP] dy we examined the headache response to intravenous infusion of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) (0.5 microg/kg/min for 20 min) in 12 sufferers of migrain


GTN [SEP] adache response to intravenous infusion of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) (0.5 microg/kg/min for 20 min) in 12 sufferers of migraine wit


Headache [SEP] ed as controls. Aura symptoms were not elicited in any subject. Headache was more severe in migraineurs than in the controls during and


migraineurs [SEP] s were not elicited in any subject. Headache was more severe in migraineurs than in the controls during and immediately after GTN infusion

Migraine Disorders [SEP] A class of disabling primary headache disorders, characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches. The two major subtyp


depression [SEP] pain mechanisms of migraine with aura. Since cortical spreading depression has been shown to liberate NO in animals, this finding may help

Depressive Disorder [SEP] An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood distur


Stroke [SEP] Stroke and cocaine or amphetamine use.

Stroke [SEP] A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA o


cocaine [SEP] Stroke and cocaine or amphetamine use.

Cocaine [SEP] An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinic


amphetamine [SEP] Stroke and cocaine or amphetamine use.

Amphetamine [SEP] A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blockin


cocaine [SEP] The association of cocaine and amphetamine use with hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke is bas


amphetamine [SEP] The association of cocaine and amphetamine use with hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke is based almost solely


ischemic [SEP] association of cocaine and amphetamine use with hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke is based almost solely on data from case series. The lim

Ischemia [SEP] A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS,


stroke [SEP] on of cocaine and amphetamine use with hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke is based almost solely on data from case series. The limited nu


strokes [SEP]  and Southern California. We attempted to identify all incident strokes in women ages 15-44 years during a 3-year period using hospital


breast cancer [SEP] Prevention of breast cancer with tamoxifen: preliminary findings from the Italian randomise

Breast Neoplasms [SEP] Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.


tamoxifen [SEP] Prevention of breast cancer with tamoxifen: preliminary findings from the Italian randomised trial among h

Tamoxifen [SEP] One of the SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS with tissue-specific activities. Tamoxifen acts as an anti-estrogen (inhibitin


Tamoxifen [SEP] e Italian randomised trial among hysterectomised women. Italian Tamoxifen Prevention Study.


Tamoxifen [SEP] BACKGROUND: Tamoxifen is a candidate chemopreventive agent in breast cancer, although


breast cancer [SEP] BACKGROUND: Tamoxifen is a candidate chemopreventive agent in breast cancer, although the drug may be associated with the development of en


endometrial cancer [SEP] er, although the drug may be associated with the development of endometrial cancer. Therefore we did a trial in hysterectomised women of tamoxifen

Endometrial Neoplasms [SEP] Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classificati


tamoxifen [SEP] al cancer. Therefore we did a trial in hysterectomised women of tamoxifen as a chemopreventive. METHODS: In October, 1992, we started a d


breast-cancer [SEP] ve been no deaths from breast cancer. There is no difference in breast-cancer frequency between the placebo (22 cases) and tamoxifen (19) arm


vascular events [SEP]  the placebo group, there was a significantly increased risk of vascular events and hypertriglyceridaemia among women on tamoxifen. INTERPRETAT

Vascular Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ART


hypertriglyceridaemia [SEP] there was a significantly increased risk of vascular events and hypertriglyceridaemia among women on tamoxifen. INTERPRETATION: Although this prelimi

Hypertriglyceridemia [SEP] A condition of elevated levels of TRIGLYCERIDES in the blood.


pupillary oscillation [SEP] A measure of pupillary oscillation as a marker of cocaine-induced paranoia.

Pupil Disorders [SEP] Conditions which affect the structure or function of the pupil of the eye, including disorders of innervation to the pupillary c


cocaine [SEP] A measure of pupillary oscillation as a marker of cocaine-induced paranoia.


paranoia [SEP] measure of pupillary oscillation as a marker of cocaine-induced paranoia.

Paranoid Disorders [SEP] Chronic mental disorders in which there has been an insidious development of a permanent and unshakeable delusional system (pers


Cocaine [SEP] Cocaine-induced paranoia (CIP) remains an important drug-induced model


paranoia [SEP] Cocaine-induced paranoia (CIP) remains an important drug-induced model of idiopathic par


CIP [SEP] Cocaine-induced paranoia (CIP) remains an important drug-induced model of idiopathic paranoia


pupillary oscillation [SEP]  which no psychophysiologic marker has yet emerged. Measures of pupillary oscillation were able to significantly distinguish a group of abstinent cra


crack cocaine [SEP] ion were able to significantly distinguish a group of abstinent crack cocaine abusers endorsing past CIP (n = 32) from another group of crack

Crack Cocaine [SEP] The purified, alkaloidal, extra-potent form of cocaine. It is smoked (free-based), injected intravenously, and orally ingested.


crack [SEP] ion were able to significantly distinguish a group of abstinent crack cocaine abusers endorsing past CIP (n = 32) from another group


Seizures [SEP] Seizures induced by combined levomepromazine-fluvoxamine treatment.

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


levomepromazine [SEP] Seizures induced by combined levomepromazine-fluvoxamine treatment.

Methotrimeprazine [SEP] A phenothiazine with pharmacological activity similar to that of both CHLORPROMAZINE and PROMETHAZINE. It has the histamine-anta


fluvoxamine [SEP] Seizures induced by combined levomepromazine-fluvoxamine treatment.

Fluvoxamine [SEP] A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.


levomepromazine [SEP] We report a case of combined levomepromazine-fluvoxamine treatment-induced seizures. It seems that combined


fluvoxamine [SEP] We report a case of combined levomepromazine-fluvoxamine treatment-induced seizures. It seems that combined treatment of


seizures [SEP]  case of combined levomepromazine-fluvoxamine treatment-induced seizures. It seems that combined treatment of fluvoxamine with phenothia


phenothiazines [SEP]  seizures. It seems that combined treatment of fluvoxamine with phenothiazines may possess proconvulsive activity.

Phenothiazines [SEP] Compounds containing dibenzo-1,4-thiazine. Some of them are neuroactive.


epsilon-aminocaproic acid [SEP] Why may epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) induce myopathy in man? Report of a case and literature

Aminocaproic Acid [SEP] An antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties.


EACA [SEP] Why may epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) induce myopathy in man? Report of a case and literature review


myopathy [SEP] Why may epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) induce myopathy in man? Report of a case and literature review.

Muscular Diseases [SEP] Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.


necrotizing [SEP] A case of necrotizing myopathy due to a short epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) treatm

Necrosis [SEP] The pathological process occurring in cells that are dying from irreparable injuries. It is caused by the progressive, uncontrol


myopathy [SEP] A case of necrotizing myopathy due to a short epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) treatment in a


epsilon-aminocaproic acid [SEP] A case of necrotizing myopathy due to a short epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) treatment in a 72 year-old patient with subarachnoid hae


EACA [SEP]  necrotizing myopathy due to a short epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) treatment in a 72 year-old patient with subarachnoid haemorrha


subarachnoid haemorrhage [SEP] minocaproic acid (EACA) treatment in a 72 year-old patient with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is described. Pathogenetic hypotheses are discussed.

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur aft


SAH [SEP] eatment in a 72 year-old patient with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is described. Pathogenetic hypotheses are discussed.


ranitidine [SEP] Comparison of the effectiveness of ranitidine and cimetidine in inhibiting acid secretion in patients with ga

Ranitidine [SEP] A non-imidazole blocker of those histamine receptors that mediate gastric secretion (H2 receptors). It is used to treat gastroin


cimetidine [SEP] Comparison of the effectiveness of ranitidine and cimetidine in inhibiting acid secretion in patients with gastric hypersecr

Cimetidine [SEP] A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacol


histamine [SEP] The H2-histamine receptor antagonists ranitidine and cimetidine were compared fo

Histamine [SEP] An amine derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of HISTIDINE. It is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of br


ranitidine [SEP] The H2-histamine receptor antagonists ranitidine and cimetidine were compared for their abilities to control gas


cimetidine [SEP] The H2-histamine receptor antagonists ranitidine and cimetidine were compared for their abilities to control gastric acid hyper


Zollinger-Ellison syndrome [SEP]  with gastric acid hypersecretory states. Nineteen patients had Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, one patient had systemic mastocytosis, and two patients had id

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome [SEP] A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-producing tumo


systemic mastocytosis [SEP] neteen patients had Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, one patient had systemic mastocytosis, and two patients had idiopathic hypersecretion. The rates of o

Mastocytosis, Systemic [SEP] A group of disorders caused by the abnormal proliferation of MAST CELLS in a variety of extracutaneous tissues including bone ma


impotence [SEP] tidine). Sixty percent of the males developed breast changes or impotence while taking cimetidine and in all cases these changes disappea

Erectile Dysfunction [SEP] The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction.


hematologic toxicity [SEP] 1 months; median, 14 months) was not associated with hepatic or hematologic toxicity or alterations of serum gastrin concentrations, but ranitidine

Hematologic Diseases [SEP] Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.


creatinine [SEP] itidine therapy was associated with a significantly lower serum creatinine level than seen with cimetidine therapy. The results show that

Creatinine [SEP]


Reye [SEP] A catch in the Reye.

Reye Syndrome [SEP] A form of encephalopathy with fatty infiltration of the LIVER, characterized by brain EDEMA and VOMITING that may rapidly progre


Reye syndrome [SEP] Twenty-six cases of Reye syndrome from The Children's Hospital, Camperdown, Australia, occurring


Aspirin [SEP] or Disease Control criteria for the diagnosis of Reye syndrome. Aspirin or salicylate ingestion had occurred in only one of the 20 case

Aspirin [SEP] The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties a


salicylate [SEP] Control criteria for the diagnosis of Reye syndrome. Aspirin or salicylate ingestion had occurred in only one of the 20 cases (5%), and pa

Salicylates [SEP] The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and


paracetamol [SEP] te ingestion had occurred in only one of the 20 cases (5%), and paracetamol (acetaminophen) had been administered in only six of the cases

Acetaminophen [SEP] Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but


acetaminophen [SEP] had occurred in only one of the 20 cases (5%), and paracetamol (acetaminophen) had been administered in only six of the cases (30%). Patholog


aspirin [SEP] rate in the United States. In Australia, the pediatric usage of aspirin has been extremely low for the past 25 years (less than 1% of t


salicylates [SEP] pearing from Australia despite a total lack of association with salicylates or aspirin ingestion, since there were no cases found at The Ch


St. Anthony's fire [SEP] St. Anthony's fire, then and now: a case report and historical review.

Ergotism [SEP] Poisoning caused by ingesting ergotized grain or by the misdirected or excessive use of ergot as a medicine.


vasospasm [SEP] A rare case of morbid vasospasm, together with striking angiographic findings, is described sec

Vascular Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ART


methysergide [SEP] giographic findings, is described secondary to the ingestion of methysergide by a 48-year-old woman. A brief review of the literature on sim

Methysergide [SEP] An ergot derivative that is a congener of LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE. It antagonizes the effects of serotonin in blood vessels a


ergot [SEP] e on similar cases is presented. A discussion of the history of ergot includes its original discovery, the epidemics of gangrene that

Ergot Alkaloids [SEP] Alkaloids originally isolated from the ergot fungus Claviceps purpurea (Hypocreaceae). They include compounds that are structura


gangrene [SEP] tory of ergot includes its original discovery, the epidemics of gangrene that it has caused through the ages and its past and present ro

Gangrene [SEP] Death and putrefaction of tissue usually due to a loss of blood supply.


migraine headache [SEP] ugh the ages and its past and present role in the management of migraine headache. Despite the advent of calcium channel blockers and beta-adrene

Migraine Disorders [SEP] A class of disabling primary headache disorders, characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches. The two major subtyp


calcium [SEP] e in the management of migraine headache. Despite the advent of calcium channel blockers and beta-adrenergic antagonists, ergot prepara

Calcium [SEP] A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic sym


migraine [SEP] ugh the ages and its past and present role in the management of migraine headache. Despite the advent of calcium channel blockers and be


St. Anthony's fire [SEP] to play a major role in migraine therapy, so that the danger of St. Anthony's fire persists.


hypokalemia [SEP] Beta-2-adrenoceptor-mediated hypokalemia and its abolishment by oxprenolol.

Hypokalemia [SEP] Abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood. It may result from potassium loss by renal secretion or by the gastrointest


oxprenolol [SEP] Beta-2-adrenoceptor-mediated hypokalemia and its abolishment by oxprenolol.

Oxprenolol [SEP] A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.


terbutaline [SEP] The time course and concentration-effect relationship of terbutaline-induced hypokalemia was studied, using computer-aided pharmacok

Terbutaline [SEP] A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.


hypokalemia [SEP] se and concentration-effect relationship of terbutaline-induced hypokalemia was studied, using computer-aided pharmacokinetic-dynamic model


oxprenolol [SEP] -dynamic modeling. Subsequently we investigated the efficacy of oxprenolol in antagonizing such hypokalemia, together with the pharmacokin


potassium [SEP] stration, plasma samples were taken for determination of plasma potassium levels and drug concentrations. The sigmoid Emax model offered

Potassium [SEP] An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cat


Oxprenolol [SEP] ation between terbutaline concentrations and potassium effects. Oxprenolol caused decreases of 65% and 56% of terbutaline volume of distri


serotonin [SEP] Midline B3 serotonin nerves in rat medulla are involved in hypotensive effect of met

Serotonin [SEP] A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily i


hypotensive [SEP] Midline B3 serotonin nerves in rat medulla are involved in hypotensive effect of methyldopa.

Hypotension [SEP] Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DI


methyldopa [SEP] nin nerves in rat medulla are involved in hypotensive effect of methyldopa.

Methyldopa [SEP] An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an ant


methyldopa [SEP] xperiments in this laboratory have shown that microinjection of methyldopa onto the ventrolateral cells of the B3 serotonin neurons in the


serotonin [SEP] oinjection of methyldopa onto the ventrolateral cells of the B3 serotonin neurons in the medulla elicits a hypotensive response mediated


hypotensive [SEP] eral cells of the B3 serotonin neurons in the medulla elicits a hypotensive response mediated by a projection descending into the spinal co


hypertensive [SEP] the medulla, coinciding with the raphe magnus. In spontaneously hypertensive, stroke-prone rats, microinjection of methyldopa into the area

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


stroke [SEP] oinciding with the raphe magnus. In spontaneously hypertensive, stroke-prone rats, microinjection of methyldopa into the area of the m

Stroke [SEP] A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA o


hypotension [SEP]  B3 serotonin cell group in the ventral medulla caused a potent hypotension of 30-40 mm Hg, which was maximal 2-3 h after administration an


5,7-dihydroxytryptamine [SEP] er administration and was abolished by the serotonin neurotoxin 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) injected intracerebroventricularly. However, intraspi

5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine [SEP] Tryptamine substituted with two hydroxyl groups in positions 5 and 7. It is a neurotoxic serotonin analog that destroys serotone


5,7-DHT [SEP]  abolished by the serotonin neurotoxin 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) injected intracerebroventricularly. However, intraspinal injec


Yohimbine [SEP] Yohimbine treatment of sexual side effects induced by serotonin reuptake

Yohimbine [SEP] A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECT


sexual side effects [SEP] Yohimbine treatment of sexual side effects induced by serotonin reuptake blockers.

Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological [SEP] Disturbances in sexual desire and the psychophysiologic changes that characterize the sexual response cycle and cause marked dis


serotonin [SEP] Yohimbine treatment of sexual side effects induced by serotonin reuptake blockers.


yohimbine [SEP] BACKGROUND: Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that yohimbine facilitates sexual behavior and may be helpful in the treatment


male impotence [SEP] ilitates sexual behavior and may be helpful in the treatment of male impotence. A single case report suggests that yohimbine may be used to tr

Erectile Dysfunction [SEP] The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction.


sexual side effects [SEP] le case report suggests that yohimbine may be used to treat the sexual side effects of clomipramine. This study evaluated yohimbine as a treatment


clomipramine [SEP]  that yohimbine may be used to treat the sexual side effects of clomipramine. This study evaluated yohimbine as a treatment for the sexual s

Clomipramine [SEP] A tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain. It is readily a


serotonin [SEP]  yohimbine as a treatment for the sexual side effects caused by serotonin reuptake blockers. METHOD: Six patients with either obsessive c


obsessive compulsive disorder [SEP] y serotonin reuptake blockers. METHOD: Six patients with either obsessive compulsive disorder, trichotillomania, anxiety, or affective disorders who suffered

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder [SEP] An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, persistent obsessions or compulsions. Obsessions are the intrusive ideas, though


trichotillomania [SEP] METHOD: Six patients with either obsessive compulsive disorder, trichotillomania, anxiety, or affective disorders who suffered sexual side effec

Trichotillomania [SEP] Compulsion to pull out one's hair.


anxiety [SEP] ts with either obsessive compulsive disorder, trichotillomania, anxiety, or affective disorders who suffered sexual side effects after

Anxiety Disorders [SEP] Persistent and disabling ANXIETY.


affective disorders [SEP] er obsessive compulsive disorder, trichotillomania, anxiety, or affective disorders who suffered sexual side effects after treatment with serotonin

Mood Disorders [SEP] Those disorders that have a disturbance in mood as their predominant feature.


Hypersensitivity [SEP] Hypersensitivity immune reaction as a mechanism for dilevalol-associated hepatit

Drug Hypersensitivity [SEP] Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.


dilevalol [SEP] Hypersensitivity immune reaction as a mechanism for dilevalol-associated hepatitis.

Labetalol [SEP] A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.


hepatitis [SEP] itivity immune reaction as a mechanism for dilevalol-associated hepatitis.

Drug-Induced Liver Injury [SEP] A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug


dilevalol [SEP] OBJECTIVE: To assess lymphocyte reactivity to dilevalol and to serum containing putative ex vivo dilevalol antigens or


liver injury [SEP] ilevalol antigens or metabolites in a case of dilevalol-induced liver injury. PATIENT: A 58-year-old woman with a clinical diagnosis of dile


myocardial hypertrophy [SEP] Reversible myocardial hypertrophy induced by tacrolimus in a pediatric heart transplant recipient

Cardiomegaly [SEP] Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the l


tacrolimus [SEP] Reversible myocardial hypertrophy induced by tacrolimus in a pediatric heart transplant recipient: case report.

Tacrolimus [SEP] A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity


Tacrolimus [SEP] Tacrolimus is a potent immunosuppressant that is frequently used in organ


cardiac toxicity [SEP] used in organ transplantation. However, adverse effects include cardiac toxicity. Herein we describe transient myocardial hypertrophy induced by

Cardiotoxicity [SEP] Damage to the heart or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY;


myocardial hypertrophy [SEP]  effects include cardiac toxicity. Herein we describe transient myocardial hypertrophy induced by tacrolimus after heart transplantation. The hypertro


tacrolimus [SEP]  Herein we describe transient myocardial hypertrophy induced by tacrolimus after heart transplantation. The hypertrophy caused no clinical


hypertrophy [SEP] clude cardiac toxicity. Herein we describe transient myocardial hypertrophy induced by tacrolimus after heart transplantation. The hypertro

Hypertrophy [SEP] General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor


edema [SEP] ; however, myocardial biopsy samples revealed only interstitial edema and mild myocardial hypertrophy; neither cellular nor humoral r

Edema [SEP] Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.


Myocardial hypertrophy [SEP] r than usual at that time; thus, tacrolimus dosage was reduced. Myocardial hypertrophy completely resolved upon reducing the target concentration of t


idiopathic Parkinson's disease [SEP]  unilateral pallidotomy and subthalamotomy findings in advanced idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson Disease [SEP] A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency


idiopathic Parkinson's disease [SEP] reotactic unilateral pallidotomy and subthalamotomy in advanced idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) refractory to medical treatment was designed. Ten consecut


PD [SEP]  and subthalamotomy in advanced idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) refractory to medical treatment was designed. Ten consecutive


levodopa [SEP] or fluctuations (Hoehn _ Yahr stage 3-5 in off-drug phases) and levodopa-induced dyskinesias were selected. All patients had bilateral s

Levodopa [SEP] The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can b


dyskinesias [SEP] Hoehn _ Yahr stage 3-5 in off-drug phases) and levodopa-induced dyskinesias were selected. All patients had bilateral symptoms and their le

Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced [SEP] Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or


Parkinson's Disease [SEP] leus (STN). Clinical evaluation included the use of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn_Yahr score and Schwab England activ


parkinsonian [SEP] tatistically significant improvement in all contralateral major parkinsonian motor signs in all patients followed for 6 months. Levodopa equ


Levodopa [SEP] parkinsonian motor signs in all patients followed for 6 months. Levodopa equivalent daily intake was significantly reduced in the STN gr


homonymous hemianopsia [SEP] ps. Complications were observed in two patients: one had a left homonymous hemianopsia after pallidotomy and another one developed left hemiballistic

Hemianopsia [SEP] Partial or complete loss of vision in one half of the visual field(s) of one or both eyes. Subtypes include altitudinal hemianop


Valproate [SEP]  after subthalamotomy which partly improved within 1 month with Valproate 1000 mg/day. The findings of this study suggest that lesions of

Valproic Acid [SEP] A fatty acid with anticonvulsant properties used in the treatment of epilepsy. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not


puromycin aminonucleoside [SEP] Protective effects of antithrombin on puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis in rats.

Puromycin Aminonucleoside [SEP] PUROMYCIN derivative that lacks the methoxyphenylalanyl group on the amine of the sugar ring. It is an antibiotic with antineopl


nephrosis [SEP] Protective effects of antithrombin on puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis in rats.

Nephrosis [SEP] Pathological processes of the KIDNEY without inflammatory or neoplastic components. Nephrosis may be a primary disorder or secon


puromycin aminonucleoside [SEP] rombin, a plasma inhibitor of coagulation factors, in rats with puromycin aminonucleoside-induced nephrosis, which is an experimental model of human neph


nephrosis [SEP] ulation factors, in rats with puromycin aminonucleoside-induced nephrosis, which is an experimental model of human nephrotic syndrome. An


nephrotic syndrome [SEP] side-induced nephrosis, which is an experimental model of human nephrotic syndrome. Antithrombin (50 or 500 IU/kg/i.v.) was administered to rats o

Nephrotic Syndrome [SEP] A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in


hematological abnormalities [SEP] h antithrombin attenuated the puromycin aminonucleoside-induced hematological abnormalities. Puromycin aminonucleoside-induced renal dysfunction and hyperl

Hematologic Diseases [SEP] Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.


Puromycin aminonucleoside [SEP]  puromycin aminonucleoside-induced hematological abnormalities. Puromycin aminonucleoside-induced renal dysfunction and hyperlipidemia were also suppress


renal dysfunction [SEP]  hematological abnormalities. Puromycin aminonucleoside-induced renal dysfunction and hyperlipidemia were also suppressed. Histopathological exam

Kidney Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.


hyperlipidemia [SEP] lities. Puromycin aminonucleoside-induced renal dysfunction and hyperlipidemia were also suppressed. Histopathological examination revealed se

Hyperlipidemias [SEP] Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.


renal damage [SEP]  also suppressed. Histopathological examination revealed severe renal damage such as proteinaceous casts in tubuli and tubular expansion in


left ventricular apical ballooning syndrome [SEP] Reverse or inverted left ventricular apical ballooning syndrome (reverse Takotsubo cardiomyopathy) in a young woman in the sett

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy [SEP] A transient left ventricular apical dysfunction or ballooning accompanied by electrocardiographic (ECG) T wave inversions. This


Takotsubo cardiomyopathy [SEP] r inverted left ventricular apical ballooning syndrome (reverse Takotsubo cardiomyopathy) in a young woman in the setting of amphetamine use.


amphetamine [SEP] se Takotsubo cardiomyopathy) in a young woman in the setting of amphetamine use.

Amphetamine [SEP] A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blockin


left ventricular apical ballooning syndrome [SEP] Transient left ventricular apical ballooning syndrome was first described in Japan as "Takotsubo cardiomyopathy." Thi


Takotsubo cardiomyopathy [SEP] lar apical ballooning syndrome was first described in Japan as "Takotsubo cardiomyopathy." This syndrome has been identified in many other countries. Ma


akinesia [SEP] erse type of this syndrome, with hyperdynamic apex and complete akinesia of the base (as opposed to the classic apical ballooning). In t


apical ballooning [SEP] Transient left ventricular apical ballooning syndrome was first described in Japan as "Takotsubo cardiomyopa


apical ballooning syndrome [SEP] Transient left ventricular apical ballooning syndrome was first described in Japan as "Takotsubo cardiomyopathy." Thi


amphetamine [SEP] rare type of reverse apical ballooning syndrome occurring after amphetamine use. This report is followed by review of the literature.


corticosterone [SEP] aminergic stimulation after maternal deprivation and adolescent corticosterone treatment in rats.

Corticosterone [SEP] An adrenocortical steroid that has modest but significant activities as a mineralocorticoid and a glucocorticoid. (From Goodman


schizophrenia [SEP] The development of schizophrenia may include an early neurodevelopmental stress component which

Schizophrenia [SEP] A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALL


corticosterone [SEP] mbined with a later stress, simulated by chronic periadolescent corticosterone treatment, on behaviour in rats. Acute treatment with apomorphi


apomorphine [SEP] costerone treatment, on behaviour in rats. Acute treatment with apomorphine caused disruption of prepulse inhibition (PPI) in controls and

Apomorphine [SEP] A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poiso


Amphetamine [SEP]  in rats that had undergone the combined early and late stress. Amphetamine treatment significantly disrupted PPI in both non-deprived grou


serotonin [SEP]  groups, but was absent in both maternally deprived groups. The serotonin-1A receptor agonist, 8-OH-DPAT, induced a significant disruptio

Serotonin [SEP] A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily i


8-OH-DPAT [SEP]  maternally deprived groups. The serotonin-1A receptor agonist, 8-OH-DPAT, induced a significant disruption of PPI in all groups. Ampheta

8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin [SEP] A serotonin 1A-receptor agonist that is used experimentally to test the effects of serotonin.


locomotor hyperactivity [SEP] ignificant disruption of PPI in all groups. Amphetamine-induced locomotor hyperactivity was similar in all groups. These results show an inhibitory int

Hyperkinesis [SEP] Excessive movement of muscles of the body as a whole, which may be associated with organic or psychological disorders.


amphetamine [SEP] ergic regulation of PPI. The altered effects of apomorphine and amphetamine could indicate differential changes in dopamine receptor signal


dopamine [SEP]  'adolescent' stress, simulated by corticosterone treatment, on dopaminergic regulation of PPI. The altered effects of apomorphine and a

Dopamine [SEP] One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and


iron dextran [SEP] Peripheral iron dextran induced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in rat substantia

Iron-Dextran Complex [SEP] A complex of ferric oxyhydroxide with dextrans of 5000 to 7000 daltons in a viscous solution containing 50 mg/ml of iron. It is


degeneration of dopaminergic neurons [SEP] Peripheral iron dextran induced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in rat substantia nigra.

Nerve Degeneration [SEP] Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction o


Iron [SEP] Iron accumulation is considered to be involved in the pathogenesis o

Iron [SEP] A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBI


Parkinson's disease [SEP] ccumulation is considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. To demonstrate the relationship between peripheral iron overlo

Parkinson Disease [SEP] A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency


iron [SEP] n's disease. To demonstrate the relationship between peripheral iron overload and dopaminergic neuron loss in rat substantia nigra (


tyrosine [SEP] gra (SN), in the present study we used fast cyclic voltammetry, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry, Perls' iron staining, an

Tyrosine [SEP] A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HO


degeneration of dopaminergic neurons [SEP] ce liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection to study the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and increased iron content in the SN of iron dextran overloaded


iron dextran [SEP] of dopaminergic neurons and increased iron content in the SN of iron dextran overloaded animals. The findings showed that peripheral iron de


dopamine [SEP] monstrate the relationship between peripheral iron overload and dopaminergic neuron loss in rat substantia nigra (SN), in the present st


Warfarin [SEP] Warfarin-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis.

Warfarin [SEP] An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the


leukocytoclastic vasculitis [SEP] Warfarin-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis.

Erythema elevatum diutinum [SEP]


coumarin [SEP] Skin reactions associated with oral coumarin-derived anticoagulants are an uncommon occurrence. Leukocytocla

coumarin [SEP]


Leukocytoclastic vasculitis [SEP] ral coumarin-derived anticoagulants are an uncommon occurrence. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LV) is primarily a cutaneous small vessel vasculitis, though s

Erythema elevatum diutinum [SEP]


LV [SEP] ulants are an uncommon occurrence. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LV) is primarily a cutaneous small vessel vasculitis, though syste

Erythema elevatum diutinum [SEP]


cutaneous small vessel vasculitis [SEP] mon occurrence. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LV) is primarily a cutaneous small vessel vasculitis, though systemic involvement may be encountered. We report 4 pa

Vasculitis, Lymphocytic, Cutaneous Small Vessel [SEP]


warfarin [SEP] ntered. We report 4 patients with late-onset LV probably due to warfarin. All 4 patients presented with skin eruptions that developed af


skin eruptions [SEP] nset LV probably due to warfarin. All 4 patients presented with skin eruptions that developed after receiving warfarin for several years. The

Skin Diseases [SEP]


skin lesion [SEP] oped after receiving warfarin for several years. The results of skin lesion biopsies were available in 3 patients, confirming LV Cutaneous

Skin Diseases [SEP]


LV Cutaneous lesions [SEP] f skin lesion biopsies were available in 3 patients, confirming LV Cutaneous lesions resolved in all patients after warfarin was discontinued. In 2

Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous [SEP] Disorder characterized by a vasculitic syndrome associated with exposure to an antigen such as a drug, infectious agent, or othe


N-methyl-D-aspartate [SEP] The activation of spinal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors may contribute to degeneration of spinal motor neuron

N-Methylaspartate [SEP] An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NM


morphine [SEP] te to degeneration of spinal motor neurons induced by neuraxial morphine after a noninjurious interval of spinal cord ischemia.

Morphine [SEP] The principal alkaloid in opium and the prototype opiate analgesic and narcotic. Morphine has widespread effects in the central


spinal cord ischemia [SEP]  induced by neuraxial morphine after a noninjurious interval of spinal cord ischemia.

Spinal Cord Ischemia [SEP] Reduced blood flow to the spinal cord which is supplied by the anterior spinal artery and the paired posterior spinal arteries.


N-methyl-d-aspartate [SEP] ween the degeneration of spinal motor neurons and activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors after neuraxial morphine following a noninjuri


NMDA [SEP] of spinal motor neurons and activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors after neuraxial morphine following a noninjurious in


morphine [SEP] vation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors after neuraxial morphine following a noninjurious interval of aortic occlusion in rats.


aortic occlusion [SEP] s after neuraxial morphine following a noninjurious interval of aortic occlusion in rats. Spinal cord ischemia was induced by aortic occlusion f

Arterial Occlusive Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduce


Spinal cord ischemia [SEP]  following a noninjurious interval of aortic occlusion in rats. Spinal cord ischemia was induced by aortic occlusion for 6 min with a balloon cathet


MK-801 [SEP]  (after IT injection). Second, we investigated the effect of IT MK-801 (30 mug) on the histopathologic changes in the spinal cord afte

Dizocilpine Maleate [SEP] A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The dr


spastic paraparesis [SEP] stopathologic changes in the spinal cord after morphine-induced spastic paraparesis. After IT morphine, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glutamate con

Paraparesis, Spastic [SEP] Mild or moderate loss of motor function accompanied by spasticity in the lower extremities. This condition is a manifestation of


glutamate [SEP] c paraparesis. After IT morphine, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glutamate concentration was increased in group M relative to both baselin

Glutamic Acid [SEP] A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in th


neurotoxic [SEP] ved in NMDA receptor activation. We suggest that opioids may be neurotoxic in the setting of spinal cord ischemia via NMDA receptor activa

Neurotoxicity Syndromes [SEP] Neurologic disorders caused by exposure to toxic substances through ingestion, injection, cutaneous application, or other method


spinal cord ischemia [SEP] on. We suggest that opioids may be neurotoxic in the setting of spinal cord ischemia via NMDA receptor activation.


sodium [SEP] Reduced sodium channel density, altered voltage dependence of inactivation, an

Sodium [SEP] A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.


seizures [SEP] age dependence of inactivation, and increased susceptibility to seizures in mice lacking sodium channel beta 2-subunits.

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


Sodium [SEP] Sodium channel beta-subunits modulate channel gating, assembly, and ce


sodium [SEP]  beta2(-/-) mice to investigate the role of beta2 in control of sodium channel density, localization, and function in neurons in vivo.


saxitoxin [SEP] ization, and function in neurons in vivo. Measurements of [(3)H]saxitoxin (STX) binding showed a significant reduction in the level of pl

Saxitoxin [SEP] A compound that contains a reduced purine ring system but is not biosynthetically related to the purine alkaloids. It is a poiso


STX [SEP] d function in neurons in vivo. Measurements of [(3)H]saxitoxin (STX) binding showed a significant reduction in the level of plasma


Na [SEP] e of axons in the optic nerve, and the specific localization of Na(v)1.6 channels in the nodes of Ranvier were unchanged. beta2(-/


seizures [SEP] nchanged. beta2(-/-) mice displayed increased susceptibility to seizures, as indicated by reduced latency and threshold for pilocarpine-


pilocarpine [SEP]  to seizures, as indicated by reduced latency and threshold for pilocarpine-induced seizures, but seemed normal in other neurological tests

Pilocarpine [SEP] A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glauco


seizure [SEP] Screening for stimulant use in adult emergency department seizure patients.


cocaine [SEP]  determine the prevalence of positive plasma drug screening for cocaine or amphetamine in adult emergency department seizure patients.

Cocaine [SEP] An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinic


amphetamine [SEP] the prevalence of positive plasma drug screening for cocaine or amphetamine in adult emergency department seizure patients. METHODS: This p

Amphetamine [SEP] A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blockin


seizure [SEP] eening for cocaine or amphetamine in adult emergency department seizure patients. METHODS: This prospective study evaluated consecutive


benzoylecgonine [SEP] n. Plasma was tested for amphetamine and the cocaine metabolite benzoylecgonine using enzyme-mediated immunoassay methodology. Plasma samples w

benzoylecgonine [SEP]


alcohol [SEP] s positive. Patient demographics, history of underlying drug or alcohol-related seizure disorder, estimated time from seizure to sample

Ethanol [SEP] A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bacterici


amphetamine abuse [SEP] eizure to sample collection, history or suspicion of cocaine or amphetamine abuse, results of clinical urine testing for drugs of abuse, and assa

Amphetamine-Related Disorders [SEP] Disorders related or resulting from use of amphetamines.


amphetamines [SEP] ing this study period, routine plasma screening for cocaine and amphetamines in adult seizure patients had a low yield. As a result, routine

Amphetamines [SEP] Analogs or derivatives of AMPHETAMINE. Many are sympathomimetics and central nervous system stimulators causing excitation, vaso


drug abuse [SEP] lant drug in which there was neither a history nor suspicion of drug abuse in this population.

Substance-Related Disorders [SEP] Disorders related to substance abuse.


parkinsonian [SEP] rnus (GPi) by studying the effects of unilateral pallidotomy on parkinsonian 'off' signs and levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID). We found si

Parkinson Disease [SEP] A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency


levodopa [SEP] fects of unilateral pallidotomy on parkinsonian 'off' signs and levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID). We found significant positive correl

Levodopa [SEP] The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can b


dyskinesias [SEP] al pallidotomy on parkinsonian 'off' signs and levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID). We found significant positive correlations between the p

Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced [SEP] Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or


LID [SEP] y on parkinsonian 'off' signs and levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID). We found significant positive correlations between the preope


parkinsonism [SEP] . Whereas cells in a wider area of the GPi may be implicated in parkinsonism, the ventral GPi seems to be crucial for the manifestation of L


Pain [SEP] Pain responses in methadone-maintained opioid abusers.

Pain [SEP] An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.


methadone [SEP] Pain responses in methadone-maintained opioid abusers.

Methadone [SEP] A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has ac


pain [SEP] Providing pain management for known opioid abusers is a challenging clinical t


opioid addicts [SEP] o describe pain tolerance and analgesic response in a sample of opioid addicts stabilized in methadone-maintenance (MM) treatment (n = 60) in

Opioid-Related Disorders [SEP] Disorders related or resulting from abuse or mis-use of opioids.


methadone [SEP]  analgesic response in a sample of opioid addicts stabilized in methadone-maintenance (MM) treatment (n = 60) in comparison to matched no


hydromorphone [SEP] fter oral administration of therapeutic doses of common opioid (hydromorphone 2 mg) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (ketorolac 10 mg) anal

Hydromorphone [SEP] An opioid analgesic made from MORPHINE and used mainly as an analgesic. It has a shorter duration of action than morphine.


ketorolac [SEP] opioid (hydromorphone 2 mg) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (ketorolac 10 mg) analgesic agents. Results showed that MM individuals wer

Ketorolac [SEP] A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is an NSAID and is used principally for its an


pain-intolerant [SEP] r group. These data indicate that MM opioid abusers represent a pain-intolerant subset of clinical patients. Their complaints of pain should be

Hyperalgesia [SEP] An increased sensation of pain or discomfort produced by mimimally noxious stimuli due to damage to soft tissue containing NOCIC


renal tubular dysfunction [SEP] BACKGROUND: Although an indicator of renal tubular dysfunction, an increased urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) act

Fanconi Syndrome [SEP] A hereditary or acquired form of generalized dysfunction of the PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE without primary involvement of the KIDNEY


Puromycin aminonucleoside [SEP] t increased lysosomal activity in renal tubular cells. METHODS: Puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) was administered to Sprague Dawley rats to induce protein

Puromycin Aminonucleoside [SEP] PUROMYCIN derivative that lacks the methoxyphenylalanyl group on the amine of the sugar ring. It is an antibiotic with antineopl


PAN [SEP] ity in renal tubular cells. METHODS: Puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) was administered to Sprague Dawley rats to induce proteinuria.


proteinuria [SEP] leoside (PAN) was administered to Sprague Dawley rats to induce proteinuria. Total protein, albumin, NAG activity and protein electrophoret

Proteinuria [SEP] The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.


estrogen [SEP] helial growth factor and its receptor during the development of estrogen-induced rat pituitary tumors may mediate estrogen-initiated tum

Estrogens [SEP] Compounds that interact with ESTROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of ESTRADIOL. Estr


pituitary tumors [SEP] and its receptor during the development of estrogen-induced rat pituitary tumors may mediate estrogen-initiated tumor angiogenesis.

Pituitary Neoplasms [SEP] Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are di


tumor [SEP] ceptor during the development of estrogen-induced rat pituitary tumors may mediate estrogen-initiated tumor angiogenesis.

Neoplasms [SEP] New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and me


Estrogens [SEP] Estrogens, which have been associated with several types of human and ani


cancers [SEP] ich have been associated with several types of human and animal cancers, can induce tumor angiogenesis in the pituitary of Fischer 344


tumor [SEP] ated with several types of human and animal cancers, can induce tumor angiogenesis in the pituitary of Fischer 344 rats. The mechanis


estrogen [SEP] The mechanistic details of tumor angiogenesis induction, during estrogen carcinogenesis, are still unknown. To elucidate the role of est


carcinogenesis [SEP] nistic details of tumor angiogenesis induction, during estrogen carcinogenesis, are still unknown. To elucidate the role of estrogen in the re

Carcinogenesis [SEP] The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between


17beta-estradiol [SEP] examined by immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrated that 17beta-estradiol (E2) induces neovascularization, as well as the growth and enla

Estradiol [SEP] The 17-beta-isomer of estradiol, an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-bet


E2 [SEP] histochemistry. The results demonstrated that 17beta-estradiol (E2) induces neovascularization, as well as the growth and enlargem


Pravastatin [SEP] Pravastatin-associated myopathy. Report of a case.

Pravastatin [SEP] An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA


myopathy [SEP] Pravastatin-associated myopathy. Report of a case.

Muscular Diseases [SEP] Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.


inflammatory myopathy [SEP] A case of acute inflammatory myopathy associated with the use of pravastatin, a new hydrophilic 3-hyd

Myositis [SEP] Inflammation of a muscle or muscle tissue.


pravastatin [SEP]  case of acute inflammatory myopathy associated with the use of pravastatin, a new hydrophilic 3-hydroxy-3 methylglutaril coenzyme A reduct


non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [SEP] or, is reported. The patient, a 69-year-old man was affected by non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and hypertension. He assumed pravastatin (20 mg/day) because of

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 [SEP] A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RE


hypertension [SEP] man was affected by non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and hypertension. He assumed pravastatin (20 mg/day) because of hypercholesterol

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


hypercholesterolemia [SEP] and hypertension. He assumed pravastatin (20 mg/day) because of hypercholesterolemia. He was admitted with acute myopathy of the lower limbs which r

Hypercholesterolemia [SEP] A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th per


myopathy [SEP] A case of acute inflammatory myopathy associated with the use of pravastatin, a new hydrophilic 3-hyd


hypothyroidism [SEP] ew days after pravastatin discontinuation. A previously unknown hypothyroidism, probably due to chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, was evidenced.

Hypothyroidism [SEP] A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL


autoimmune thyroiditis [SEP] n. A previously unknown hypothyroidism, probably due to chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, was evidenced. Muscle biopsy (left gastrocnemius) revealed a p

Thyroiditis, Autoimmune [SEP] Inflammatory disease of the THYROID GLAND due to autoimmune responses leading to lymphocytic infiltration of the gland. It is ch


lovastatin [SEP] mmatory infiltrate with a prevalence of CD4+ lymphocytes. While lovastatin and simvastatin have been associated with toxic myopathy, prava

Lovastatin [SEP] A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits


simvastatin [SEP] ate with a prevalence of CD4+ lymphocytes. While lovastatin and simvastatin have been associated with toxic myopathy, pravastatin-associate

Simvastatin [SEP] A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLU


doxorubicin [SEP] Dose-effect and structure-function relationships in doxorubicin cardiomyopathy.

Doxorubicin [SEP] Antineoplastic antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces peucetius. It is a hydroxy derivative of DAUNORUBICIN.


cardiomyopathy [SEP] Dose-effect and structure-function relationships in doxorubicin cardiomyopathy.

Cardiomyopathies [SEP] A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classifi


cardiomyopathy [SEP] The cardiomyopathy (CM) produced by the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DXR) (Adriamy


CM [SEP] The cardiomyopathy (CM) produced by the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DXR) (Adriamycin)


doxorubicin [SEP] The cardiomyopathy (CM) produced by the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DXR) (Adriamycin) provides a unique opportunity to analyze dos


DXR [SEP] ardiomyopathy (CM) produced by the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DXR) (Adriamycin) provides a unique opportunity to analyze dose-eff


Adriamycin [SEP] yopathy (CM) produced by the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DXR) (Adriamycin) provides a unique opportunity to analyze dose-effect and struc


myocardial disease [SEP] fect and structure-function relationships during development of myocardial disease. We measured the degree of morphologic damage by ultrastructura


myocardial damage [SEP] lso exhibited a curvilinear, threshold configuration. In DXR-CM myocardial damage is proportional to the degree of cytotoxic insult (DXR dose) wh


aplastic anemia [SEP] Fatal aplastic anemia following topical administration of ophthalmic chloramphenicol.

Anemia, Aplastic [SEP] A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements.


chloramphenicol [SEP]  aplastic anemia following topical administration of ophthalmic chloramphenicol.

Chloramphenicol [SEP] An antibiotic first isolated from cultures of Streptomyces venequelae in 1947 but now produced synthetically. It has a relativel


aplastic anemia [SEP] A 73-year-old woman died of aplastic anemia less than two months after undergoing cataract extraction and b


cataract [SEP] n died of aplastic anemia less than two months after undergoing cataract extraction and beginning topical therapy with chloramphenicol.

Cataract [SEP] Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many ki


chloramphenicol [SEP] dergoing cataract extraction and beginning topical therapy with chloramphenicol. The first signs of pancytopenia began within one month of the


pancytopenia [SEP] inning topical therapy with chloramphenicol. The first signs of pancytopenia began within one month of the surgery. The pattern of the aplas

Pancytopenia [SEP] Deficiency of all three cell elements of the blood, erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets.


bone marrow hypoplasia [SEP] henicol for ocular conditions, although two cases of reversible bone marrow hypoplasia have also been reported. Any other suspected cases of ocular to

Bone Marrow Diseases [SEP]


ocular toxicity [SEP] ypoplasia have also been reported. Any other suspected cases of ocular toxicity associated with topically applied chloramphenicol should be rep

Eye Diseases [SEP] Diseases affecting the eye.


Bradycardia [SEP] Bradycardia due to trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride.

Bradycardia [SEP] Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. Th


trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride [SEP] Bradycardia due to trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride.

Trihexyphenidyl [SEP] One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal


schizophrenic [SEP] A chronic schizophrenic patient was treated with an anticholinergic drug, trihexyphenid

Schizophrenia [SEP] A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALL


trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride [SEP] schizophrenic patient was treated with an anticholinergic drug, trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride. The patient developed, paradoxically, sinus bradycardia. The r


bradycardia [SEP] idyl hydrochloride. The patient developed, paradoxically, sinus bradycardia. The reaction was specific to trihexyphenidyl and not to other


trihexyphenidyl [SEP] schizophrenic patient was treated with an anticholinergic drug, trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride. The patient developed, paradoxically, sinus brad


psychiatric [SEP] rgic drugs. This antidyskinetic drug is widely used in clinical psychiatric practice and physicians should be aware of this side effect.

Mental Disorders [SEP] Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of tho


cyclosporine [SEP] Experimental cyclosporine nephrotoxicity: risk of concomitant chemotherapy.

Cyclosporine [SEP] A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes.


nephrotoxicity [SEP] Experimental cyclosporine nephrotoxicity: risk of concomitant chemotherapy.

Kidney Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.


cyclosporine [SEP] The role of cyclosporine (CSA) alone or in combination with various chemotherapeutics in


CSA [SEP] The role of cyclosporine (CSA) alone or in combination with various chemotherapeutics in the


renal toxicity [SEP] ombination with various chemotherapeutics in the development of renal toxicity was evaluated in rats. Administration of 20 mg/kg/day CSA for 4


nephrotoxic [SEP] administration of CSA and various chemotherapeutic drugs with a nephrotoxic potential, such as gentamicin (at therapeutic doses), amphother


gentamicin [SEP] us chemotherapeutic drugs with a nephrotoxic potential, such as gentamicin (at therapeutic doses), amphothericin B and ketoconazole, which

Gentamicins [SEP] A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum


amphothericin B [SEP] phrotoxic potential, such as gentamicin (at therapeutic doses), amphothericin B and ketoconazole, which are frequently used in immunosuppressed

Amphotericin B [SEP] Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.


ketoconazole [SEP]  such as gentamicin (at therapeutic doses), amphothericin B and ketoconazole, which are frequently used in immunosuppressed patients, did no

Ketoconazole [SEP] Broad spectrum antifungal agent used for long periods at high doses, especially in immunosuppressed patients.


toxicity [SEP] tion with various chemotherapeutics in the development of renal toxicity was evaluated in rats. Administration of 20 mg/kg/day CSA for 4

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


Gentamicin [SEP] s, did not aggravate the CSA induced toxicity in the rat model. Gentamicin at toxic doses, however, increased CSA nephrotoxicity. Thus, th


nephrotoxicity [SEP] he rat model. Gentamicin at toxic doses, however, increased CSA nephrotoxicity. Thus, the nephrotoxicity induced by CSA has a different pathog


nicotine [SEP] Receptor mechanisms of nicotine-induced locomotor hyperactivity in chronic nicotine-treated rat

Nicotine [SEP] Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimu


locomotor hyperactivity [SEP] Receptor mechanisms of nicotine-induced locomotor hyperactivity in chronic nicotine-treated rats.

Hyperkinesis [SEP] Excessive movement of muscles of the body as a whole, which may be associated with organic or psychological disorders.


nicotine [SEP] Rats were pretreated with saline or nicotine (1.5 mg/kg per day) by subcutaneously implanting each animal wi


spiperone [SEP]  s.c.) and (ii) measuring the density of L-[3H]nicotine and [3H]spiperone binding sites in the striatum. We observed no changes in nicoti

Spiperone [SEP] A spiro butyrophenone analog similar to HALOPERIDOL and other related compounds. It has been recommended in the treatment of SCH


dopamine [SEP] umber of L-[3H]nicotine binding sites and also with an elevated dopamine (DA) level in the striatum. The number of striatal [3H]spiperon

Dopamine [SEP] One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and


DA [SEP] -[3H]nicotine binding sites and also with an elevated dopamine (DA) level in the striatum. The number of striatal [3H]spiperone bi


locomotor hyperactivity [SEP] hese results suggest that chronic nicotine-treated rats develop locomotor hyperactivity in response to nicotine initially due to increases of both the


Hydrocortisone [SEP] Hydrocortisone-induced hypertension in humans: pressor responsiveness and symp

Hydrocortisone [SEP] The main glucocorticoid secreted by the ADRENAL CORTEX. Its synthetic counterpart is used, either as an injection or topically,


hypertension [SEP] Hydrocortisone-induced hypertension in humans: pressor responsiveness and sympathetic function.

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


hydrocortisone [SEP] Oral hydrocortisone increases blood pressure and enhances pressor responsiveness in


norepinephrine [SEP] , total peripheral resistance, forearm vascular resistance, and norepinephrine spillover to plasma in eight healthy male volunteers. Although

Norepinephrine [SEP] Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Nor


increased cardiac output [SEP] o 135 mm Hg (SED +/- 3.4, p less than 0.01), associated with an increased cardiac output (5.85-7.73 l/min, SED +/- 0.46, p less than 0.01). Total periph

Cardiac Output, High [SEP] A state of elevated cardiac output due to conditions of either increased hemodynamic demand or reduced cardiac oxygen output. Th


rise in resting blood pressure [SEP] ting sympathetic nervous system activity was not increased. The rise in resting blood pressure with hydrocortisone is associated with an increased cardiac out


suprofen [SEP] Effects of suprofen on the isolated perfused rat kidney.

Suprofen [SEP] An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an a


suprofen [SEP] Although suprofen has been associated with the development of acute renal failure


acute renal failure [SEP] Although suprofen has been associated with the development of acute renal failure in greater than 100 subjects, the mechanism of damage remains u

Acute Kidney Injury [SEP] Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney


nephrotoxic [SEP] 0 subjects, the mechanism of damage remains unclear. The direct nephrotoxic effects of a single dose of 15 mg of suprofen were compared in


uric acid [SEP] ith cell-free buffer with or without the addition of 5 mg/dL of uric acid. There were no significant differences in renal sodium excretio

Uric Acid [SEP] An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product o


sodium [SEP] dL of uric acid. There were no significant differences in renal sodium excretion, oxygen consumption, or urinary flow rates in kidneys

Sodium [SEP] A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.


oxygen [SEP] here were no significant differences in renal sodium excretion, oxygen consumption, or urinary flow rates in kidneys perfused with sup

Oxygen [SEP] An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on ear


acute declines in renal function [SEP] roups over the experimental period. In summary, suprofen causes acute declines in renal function, most likely by directly altering the intrarenal distribution o


Cocaine [SEP] Cocaine-induced brainstem seizures and behavior.

Cocaine [SEP] An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinic


seizures [SEP] Cocaine-induced brainstem seizures and behavior.

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


cocaine [SEP] current stimulations and by acute and chronic administration of cocaine. The electrode implant implicated one side or the other of the


Cocaine [SEP] instem but subjects were not incapacitated by the stimulations. Cocaine (40 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously for an acute experiment


hyperactivity [SEP] ted subjects. The abnormal behaviors were yawning, retrocollis, hyperactivity, hypersensitivity, "beating drum" behavior, squealing, head bob


hypersensitivity [SEP] he abnormal behaviors were yawning, retrocollis, hyperactivity, hypersensitivity, "beating drum" behavior, squealing, head bobbing, circling, sn

Drug Hypersensitivity [SEP] Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.


Hypersensitivity [SEP] patterns were noted between quiet and pacing behavioral states. Hypersensitivity to various auditory, tactile, and visual stimulation was presen


deoxycholic acid [SEP] Increased sulfation and decreased 7alpha-hydroxylation of deoxycholic acid in ethinyl estradiol-induced cholestasis in rats.

Deoxycholic Acid [SEP] A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as


ethinyl estradiol [SEP] ation and decreased 7alpha-hydroxylation of deoxycholic acid in ethinyl estradiol-induced cholestasis in rats.

Ethinyl Estradiol [SEP] A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orall


cholestasis [SEP] -hydroxylation of deoxycholic acid in ethinyl estradiol-induced cholestasis in rats.

Cholestasis [SEP] Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EX


Deoxycholic acid [SEP] Deoxycholic acid conjugation, transport capacity, and metabolism were compared i


ethinyl estradiol [SEP] transport capacity, and metabolism were compared in control and ethinyl estradiol-treated rats. Control rats were found to have a lower capacity


deoxycholic acid [SEP] . Control rats were found to have a lower capacity to transport deoxycholic acid than taurodeoxycholic acid, and both were decreased by ethinyl


taurodeoxycholic acid [SEP] und to have a lower capacity to transport deoxycholic acid than taurodeoxycholic acid, and both were decreased by ethinyl estradiol treatment. During

Taurodeoxycholic Acid [SEP] A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It is used as a cholago


sodium deoxycholate [SEP] h were decreased by ethinyl estradiol treatment. During [24-14C]sodium deoxycholate infusion, [14C]biliary bile acid secretion increased, but bile


bile acid [SEP] ment. During [24-14C]sodium deoxycholate infusion, [14C]biliary bile acid secretion increased, but bile flow did not change significantly

Bile Acids and Salts [SEP] Steroid acids and salts. The primary bile acids are derived from cholesterol in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or


Ethinyl estradiol [SEP] nificantly in either control or ethinyl estradiol-treated rats. Ethinyl estradiol-treated animals excreted significantly less 14C as taurocholic


taurocholic acid [SEP] yl estradiol-treated animals excreted significantly less 14C as taurocholic acid than did control animals, consistent with an impairment of 7alp

Taurocholic Acid [SEP] The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous anima


ouabain [SEP] Effects of ouabain on myocardial oxygen supply and demand in patients with chronic

Ouabain [SEP] A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants


oxygen [SEP] Effects of ouabain on myocardial oxygen supply and demand in patients with chronic coronary artery dise


coronary artery disease [SEP] on myocardial oxygen supply and demand in patients with chronic coronary artery disease. A hemodynamic, volumetric, and metabolic study in patients wit

Coronary Artery Disease [SEP] Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerot


heart failure [SEP] emodynamic, volumetric, and metabolic study in patients without heart failure.

Heart Failure [SEP] A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Hear


digitalis glycosides [SEP] The effects of digitalis glycosides on myocardial oxygen supply and demand are of particular intere

Digitalis Glycosides [SEP] Glycosides from plants of the genus DIGITALIS. Some of these are useful as cardiotonic and anti-arrhythmia agents. Included also


oxygen [SEP] The effects of digitalis glycosides on myocardial oxygen supply and demand are of particular interest in the presence of


coronary artery disease [SEP] emand are of particular interest in the presence of obstructive coronary artery disease, but have not been measured previously in man. We assessed the


ouabain [SEP] not been measured previously in man. We assessed the effects of ouabain (0.015 mg/kg body weight) on hemodynamic, volumetric, and metab


congestive heart failure [SEP] ts with severe chronic coronary artery disease without clinical congestive heart failure. Because the protocol was long and involved interventions which


left ventricular end-diastolic volume falls [SEP] artery disease who are not in clinical congestive heart failure left ventricular end-diastolic volume falls after ouabain administration even when it is initially normal.

Cardiac Output, Low [SEP] A state of subnormal or depressed cardiac output at rest or during stress. It is a characteristic of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, in


Prolongation of the QT interval [SEP] Prolongation of the QT interval related to cisapride-diltiazem interaction.

Long QT Syndrome [SEP] A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia as indicated by


cisapride [SEP] Prolongation of the QT interval related to cisapride-diltiazem interaction.

Cisapride [SEP] A substituted benzamide used for its prokinetic properties. It is used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease, fun


diltiazem [SEP] Prolongation of the QT interval related to cisapride-diltiazem interaction.

Diltiazem [SEP] A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.


Cisapride [SEP] Cisapride, a cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) substrate, is widely prescribed


gastrointestinal motility disorders [SEP] 4 (CYP3A4) substrate, is widely prescribed for the treatment of gastrointestinal motility disorders. Prolongation of QT interval, torsades de pointes, and sudden c

Ocular Motility Disorders [SEP] Disorders that feature impairment of eye movements as a primary manifestation of disease. These conditions may be divided into i


Prolongation of QT interval [SEP] ribed for the treatment of gastrointestinal motility disorders. Prolongation of QT interval, torsades de pointes, and sudden cardiac death have been report


torsades de pointes [SEP] strointestinal motility disorders. Prolongation of QT interval, torsades de pointes, and sudden cardiac death have been reported after concomitant

Torsades de Pointes [SEP] A malignant form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that is characterized by HEART RATE between 200 and 250 beats per minute


sudden cardiac death [SEP] isorders. Prolongation of QT interval, torsades de pointes, and sudden cardiac death have been reported after concomitant administration with erythr

Death, Sudden, Cardiac [SEP] Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually caused by the w


erythromycin [SEP]  death have been reported after concomitant administration with erythromycin or azole antifungal agents, but not with other CYP3A4 inhibitor

Erythromycin [SEP] A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active componen


azole [SEP]  reported after concomitant administration with erythromycin or azole antifungal agents, but not with other CYP3A4 inhibitors. A poss

Azoles [SEP] Five membered rings containing a NITROGEN atom.


cisapride [SEP] drug interaction occurred in a 45-year-old woman who was taking cisapride for gastroesophageal reflux disorder and diltiazem, an agent th


gastroesophageal reflux disorder [SEP] on occurred in a 45-year-old woman who was taking cisapride for gastroesophageal reflux disorder and diltiazem, an agent that has inhibitory effect on CYP3A4, f

Gastroesophageal Reflux [SEP] Retrograde flow of gastric juice (GASTRIC ACID) and/or duodenal contents (BILE ACIDS; PANCREATIC JUICE) into the distal ESOPHAGU


diltiazem [SEP] o was taking cisapride for gastroesophageal reflux disorder and diltiazem, an agent that has inhibitory effect on CYP3A4, for hypertensio


hypertension [SEP] d diltiazem, an agent that has inhibitory effect on CYP3A4, for hypertension. The patient was in near syncope and had QT-interval prolongati

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


syncope [SEP] ory effect on CYP3A4, for hypertension. The patient was in near syncope and had QT-interval prolongation. After discontinuing cisapride

Syncope [SEP] A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN ISCHEMIA). Presync


QT-interval prolongation [SEP] P3A4, for hypertension. The patient was in near syncope and had QT-interval prolongation. After discontinuing cisapride, the QT interval returned to nor


Paclitaxel [SEP] Paclitaxel combined with carboplatin in the first-line treatment of advanc

Paclitaxel [SEP] A cyclodecane isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, TAXUS BREVIFOLIA. It stabilizes MICROTUBULES in their polymerized


carboplatin [SEP] Paclitaxel combined with carboplatin in the first-line treatment of advanced ovarian cancer.

Carboplatin [SEP] An organoplatinum compound that possesses antineoplastic activity.


ovarian cancer [SEP] mbined with carboplatin in the first-line treatment of advanced ovarian cancer.

Ovarian Neoplasms [SEP] Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin


paclitaxel [SEP] In a phase I study to determine the maximum tolerated dose of paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) given as a


Taxol [SEP]  I study to determine the maximum tolerated dose of paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) given as a 3-hour


carboplatin [SEP] , Princeton, NJ) given as a 3-hour infusion in combination with carboplatin administered every 21 days to women with advanced ovarian cance


ovarian cancer [SEP] h carboplatin administered every 21 days to women with advanced ovarian cancer, paclitaxel doses were escalated as follows: level 1, 135 mg/m2


toxicity [SEP] 2) have been entered into this ongoing study. The dose-limiting toxicity of the combination was myelosuppression (leukopenia, granulocyt

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


myelosuppression [SEP] ngoing study. The dose-limiting toxicity of the combination was myelosuppression (leukopenia, granulocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia). Neurotoxi

Bone Marrow Diseases [SEP]


leukopenia [SEP] dose-limiting toxicity of the combination was myelosuppression (leukopenia, granulocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia). Neurotoxicity was lar

Leukopenia [SEP]


granulocytopenia [SEP] g toxicity of the combination was myelosuppression (leukopenia, granulocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia). Neurotoxicity was largely moderate. So

Agranulocytosis [SEP] A decrease in the number of GRANULOCYTES; (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS).


thrombocytopenia [SEP] ination was myelosuppression (leukopenia, granulocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia). Neurotoxicity was largely moderate. So far, 14 patients are e

Thrombocytopenia [SEP] A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.


Neurotoxicity [SEP] ppression (leukopenia, granulocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia). Neurotoxicity was largely moderate. So far, 14 patients are evaluable for res

Neurotoxicity Syndromes [SEP] Neurologic disorders caused by exposure to toxic substances through ingestion, injection, cutaneous application, or other method


tacrolimus [SEP] Treatment of tacrolimus-related adverse effects by conversion to cyclosporine in liver

Tacrolimus [SEP] A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity


cyclosporine [SEP] reatment of tacrolimus-related adverse effects by conversion to cyclosporine in liver transplant recipients.

Cyclosporine [SEP] A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes.