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Elevated SNCA gene expression and intracellular accumulation of the encoded alpha-synuclein (aSyn) protein are associated with the development of Parkinson disease (PD). To date, few enzymes have been examined for their ability to degrade aSyn. Here, we explore the effects of CTSD gene expression, which encodes the lys... |
To investigate the histomorphology and protein expression profiles of human fetal liver at different developmental stages. |
The association between inflammation and obesity is well documented; however, there is little evidence linking physiological markers of inflammation and psychosocial factors such as body image. This study examined the relation between body image and C-reactive protein (CRP). |
To analyze, in morbid obese patients, the expression of several human genes regulating cortisol metabolism, such as glucocorticoid receptor (GR), 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11betaHSD1), 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11betaHSD2), stearoyl-acute regulatory protein (StAR), 5alpha-reductase t... |
The concept of conservation of amino acids is widely used to identify important alignment positions of orthologs. The assumption is that important amino acid residues will be conserved in the protein family during the evolutionary process. For paralog alignment, on the other hand, the opposite concept can be used to id... |
Non-independent evolution of amino acid sites has become a noticeable limitation of most methods aimed at identifying selective constraints at functionally important amino acid sites or protein regions. The need for a generalised framework to account for non-independence of amino acid sites has fuelled the design and d... |
Many methods have been developed to detect coevolution from aligned sequences. However, all the existing methods require a one-to-one mapping of candidate coevolving partners (nucleotides, amino acids) a priori. When two families of sequences have distinct duplication and loss histories, finding the one-to-one mapping ... |
Details of the genomic changes that occurred in the ancestors of Eukarya, Archaea and Bacteria are elusive. Ancient interdomain horizontal gene transfer (IDHGT) amongst the ancestors of these three domains has been difficult to detect and analyze because of the extreme degree of divergence of genes in these three domai... |
Type I and type-II functional divergences have been stated to highlight specific residues carrying out differential functions in evolutionary-divergent protein clusters from a single common ancestor. Briefly, type I analysis is based on residue constraints reflecting a gain of function just in one cluster of an entire ... |
Classical studies of the evolution of gene function have predominantly focused on mutations within protein coding regions. With the advent of microarrays, however, it has become possible to evaluate the transcriptional activity of a gene as an additional characteristic of function. Recent studies have revealed an equal... |
Genomes and genes diversify during evolution; however, it is unclear to what extent genes still retain the relationship among species. Model species for molecular phylogenetic studies include yeasts and viruses whose genomes were sequenced as well as plants that have the fossil-supported true phylogenetic trees availab... |
A phylogenetic profile captures the pattern of gene gain and loss throughout evolutionary time. Proteins that interact directly or indirectly within the cell to perform a biological function will often co-evolve, and this co-evolution should be well reflected within their phylogenetic profiles. Thus similar phylogeneti... |
The adequacy of substitution matrices to model evolutionary relationships between amino acid sequences can be numerically evaluated by checking the mathematical property of triangle inequality for all triplets of residues. By converting substitution scores into distances, one can verify that a direct path between two a... |
The Automated Protein Structure Analysis (APSA) method, which describes the protein backbone as a smooth line in three-dimensional space and characterizes it by curvature kappa and torsion tau as a function of arc length s, was applied on 77 proteins to determine all secondary structural units via specific kappa(s) and... |
The enantioselective hydrogenation of methyl or ethyl pyruvate over cinchona-platinum catalyst system (Orito's reaction) is one of the most intensively studied heterogeneous catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation reactions. Studies aiming at systematic changes of the chiral template have played a crucial role in creating h... |
An R-specific carbonyl reductase from Candida parapsilosis (CprCR) catalyzes the transformation of (R)-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol from 2-hydroxyacetophenone. The gene rcr coding CprCR contains a few codons rarely used by Escherichia coli. In order to improve chiral alcohol production, three codon variants Delta24, aRCR, a... |
Recent studies indicate that the small heat shock protein alphaB-crystallin is expressed in poor prognosis basal-like breast tumors and likely contributes to their aggressive phenotype. However, the mechanisms underlying the deregulated expression of alphaB-crystallin in basal-like tumors are poorly understood. Using a... |
Glucocorticoid hormones evidently affect memory. Morphine withdrawal causes a cognitive deficit and an increase in corticosterone secretion. In the present study brain corticosterone concentrations were determined after morphine withdrawal. Male mice were made dependent by increasing doses of morphine over 3 days. Bloo... |
Biomimetic inorganic chemistry has as its primary goal the synthesis of molecules that approach or achieve the structures, oxidation states, and electronic and reactivity features of native metal-containing sites of variant nuclearity. Comparison of properties of accurate analogues and these sites ideally provides insi... |
Synthesis of oligoribonucleotide primers for lagging-strand DNA synthesis in the DNA replication system of bacteriophage T7 is catalyzed by the primase domain of the gene 4 helicase-primase. The primase consists of a zinc-binding domain (ZBD) and an RNA polymerase (RPD) domain. The ZBD is responsible for recognition of... |
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP), a neurodegenerative disorder, can arise from single point mutations in rhodopsin, leading to a cascade of protein instability, misfolding, aggregation, rod cell death, retinal degeneration, and ultimately blindness. Divalent cations, such as zinc and copper, have allosteric effects on misfold... |
The X-ray crystal structure of the adduct between the zinc metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase II (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) with the recently discovered natural product coumarin derivative 6-(1S-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-7-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one showed the coumarin hydrolysis product, a cis-2-hydroxy-cinnamic acid derivative, and n... |
The greenhouse gas N(2)O is converted to N(2) by a mu-sulfido-tetracopper active site in the enzyme nitrous oxide reductase (N(2)OR) via a process postulated to involve mu-1,3 coordination of N(2)O to two Cu(I) ions. In efforts to develop synthetic models of the site with which to test mechanistic hypotheses, we have p... |
Objectives of this study were to understand how opaque-2 (o2) mutation and quality protein maize (QPM) affect maize kernel composition and starch structure, property, and enzyme digestibility. Kernels of o2 maize contained less protein (9.6-12.5%) than those of the wild-type (WT) counterparts (12.7-13.3%). Kernels of a... |
Hemoglobin (Hb, Mw: 64 500) and albumin (Mw: 66 500) are major protein components in our circulatory system. On the basis of bioconjugate chemistry of these proteins, we have synthesized artificial O(2) carriers of two types, which will be useful as transfusion alternatives in clinical situations. Along with sufficient... |
Research aimed at nonanimal approaches to provide the relevant information needed for the effective assessment of skin sensitization, for both hazard characterization and risk assessment purposes, is currently an area of high activity, stimulated by regulatory initiatives related to chemicals used in consumer products.... |
Fluorescence tends to produce the lowest detection limits for most forms of capillary electrophoresis. Two issues have discouraged its use in capillary isoelectric focusing. The first issue is fluorescent labeling of proteins. Most labeling reagents react with lysine residues and convert the cationic residue to a neutr... |
Pyrazoles are important azole heteroarenes frequently found in pharmaceuticals and protein ligands, and there has been a growing interest in new synthetic methods for their preparation. We report the first catalytic intermolecular C-H arylation of pyrazoles, namely SEM-protected pyrazoles and N-alkylpyrazoles, which la... |
Little is known about the significance of insects as environmental reservoirs of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. We characterized the antibiotic resistome of the microbial community in gypsy moth larval midguts by applying functional metagenomics to cultured isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of 12 antibiot... |
Spinal cord injury and regeneration related protein No. 69 (SCIRR69) is a rat transmembrane bZIP transcription factor homologous to mice and human transcription factor CREB3L2. Previous work demonstrated the N-terminal region plays a critical role in its transcriptional activity. In this study, a peptide containing 18 ... |
EMILIN-5, consisting of 766 amino acids with a cysteine-rich EMI domain at the NH(2) terminus, is likely to play a significant role in the process of osteogenesis. Here we aimed to efficiently generate monoclonal antibody against EMILIN-5 protein. We synthesized the peptide VEHVVADAGAFLRH based on published EMILIN-5 cD... |
The YopM is an essential virulence effector produced by the bubonic plague bacterium. Yersinia pestis specific PCR gene was developed using 780 bp fragment of yopM gene. The PCR product was further cloned (in pUC57) an subcloned (pQE32 expression vector) and transformed in SG13009 E. coli host cells. The IPTG-induced r... |
Quercetin, a wild distributed bioflavonoid, exhibits antitumor effects on murine models by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting growth of many cancer cell lines, while proteins involved in antitumor effects at proteomic level are still unclear. In our study, we used a quantitative proteomic strategy termed stable isotope ... |
Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1)/A170/p62 plays an important role in membrane-receptor mediated signal transduction and autophagic protein degradation. Although the mechanism involved is not clear, sqstm1 gene knockout (KO) mice develop mature-onset obesity and insulin resistance, leading to type II diabetes. KO mice show accum... |
Molecular chaperones of the heat shock proteins (HSP) family are important in numerous cellular processes. In this study, the expression of Hsp60 and Grp78 proteins was investigated in the male reproductive tract. The cellular distribution of Hsp60 and Grp78 proteins was analysed in the human testis and epididymis by i... |
Silymarin, a naturally acknowledged hepatoprotector used in humans to treat liver diseases has been tested in murine (HC11) and bovine (BME-UV) mammary epithelial cell lines to evaluate a possible direct effect on cell growth and differentiation in mammary gland. Silymarin enhanced cell proliferation (p < 0.05) from 10... |
1. Inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system prevents left ventricular (LV) remodelling after myocardial infarction (MI). 2. The present study was designed to assess the effects of a combination of perindopril and losartan on LV remodelling, cardiac function and serum procollagen type III amino terminal pepti... |
1. Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of cardiac fibrosis. Urotensin-II (U-II) has been reported to play an important role in cardiac remodelling and fibrosis. Recently, we demonstrated the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in U-II-induced card... |
1. The Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX) exchanges Na+ and Ca(2+) bidirectionally through the forward mode (Ca(2+) extrusion) or the reverse mode (Ca(2+) influx). The present study was undertaken to clarify the role of protein kinase C (PKC) in the regulation of NCX in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. The Na(+)-loaded cells... |
Trypanosomatid parasites are the causative agents of severe human diseases such as sleeping sickness, Chagas disease and leishmaniases. These microorganisms are transmitted via different insect vectors and hence are confronted to changing environments during their infectious cycle in which they activate specific and co... |
The vaccinia virus protein, F12, has been suggested to play an important role in microtubule-based transport of intracellular enveloped virus (IEV). We found that GFP-F12 is recruited to IEV moving on microtubules but is released from virus particles when they switch to actin-based motility. In the absence of F12, alth... |
Influenza A virus matrix protein (M1) is the most abundant conservative protein that regulates the replication, assembly and budding of the viral particles upon infection. Several host cell factors have been determined to interact with M1 possibly in regulating influenza virus replication. By yeast two-hybrid screening... |
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) use colonization factors to attach to the human intestinal mucosa, followed by enterotoxin expression that induces net secretion and diarrhoeal illness. ETEC strain H10407 expresses CFA/I fimbriae, which are composed of multiple CfaB structural subunits and a CfaE tip subunit. Cu... |
Integration of 3D PET with Voltage Map for VT Ablation. Background: Image integration has the potential to display three-dimensional (3D) scar anatomy and facilitate substrate characterization for ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation. However, the current generation of clinical mapping systems cannot display 3D left v... |
Virulence of the opportunistic pathogen, Candida albicans, relies on an assemblage of attributes. These include the secretion of hydrolytic enzymes, cell surface adhesins, morphological transition between yeast and hyphae, phenotypic switching and biofilm formation. These diverse features are united by their dependence... |
African American Men are 65% more likely to develop prostate cancer and are twice as likely to die of prostate cancer, than are Caucasian American Males. The explanation for this glaring health disparity is still unknown; although a number of different plausible factors have been offered including genetic susceptibilit... |
Brewer's spent grain (BG), a by-product of the brewing process, is attracting increasing scientific interest as a low-cost feedstock for many biotechnological applications. BG in the present study is evaluated as a substrate for lignocellulolytic enzyme production and for the production of ethanol by the mesophilic fun... |
Type I GnRH (GnRH-I, GNRH1) and type II GnRH (GnRH-II, GNRH2), each encoded by separate genes, have been identified in humans. The tissue distribution and functional regulation of GnRH-I and GnRH-II clearly differ despite their comparable cDNA and genomic structures. These hormones exert their effects by binding to cel... |
Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) is the only treatment for malabsorption in cystic fibrosis (CF) caused by pancreatic insufficiency (PI). PI occurs in approximately 85% of patients with CF. PERT overcomes some, but not all the signs and symptoms of malabsorption. Clinical parameters such as growth, abdomina... |
When provided concurrently with soy protein for 1-3 months, soy isoflavones exert synergistic or additive cholesterol-lowering effects. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of extracted soy isoflavones alone (not ingested concurrently with soy protein) on total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) chol... |
High mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) has recently been shown as a crucial late mediator of inflammation and sepsis, and is involved in mediating multi-organ functional lesions, including acute lung, liver, and intestine injuries. As a delayed inflammatory cytokine, HMGB1 provides a wider therapeutic time window fo... |
To investigate the significance of changes in plasma high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) levels and its relationship with sepsis and endotojemia in severely burned patients. |
To investigate the effect of high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) on apoptosis of macrophages in mice. |
To investigate the change in renal high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) levels, and the effect of Chinese traditional medicine-Xuebijing injection on HMGB1 expression as well as acute kidney injury in rats after scald injury. |
A common feature of the regulation of many protein kinases is their phosphorylation on a conserved Thr residue in the activation loop. In the family of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), another phosphorylation event, on a Tyr residue neighboring this Thr (in a TXY motif), is required for activity. Many studies... |
The protease activity of hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) is essential for viral replication. ITMN-191, a macrocyclic inhibitor of the NS3 protease active site, promotes rapid, multilog viral load reductions in chronic HCV patients. Here, ITMN-191 is shown to be a potent inhibitor of NS3 with a two-step ... |
Cytochromes P450 are ubiquitous heme-containing enzymes that catalyze a wide range of reactions in nature including many oxidation reactions. The active oxidant species in P450 enzymes are widely thought to be iron(IV)-oxo porphyrin radical cations, termed Compound I species, but these intermediates have not been obser... |
A (1)H NMR method is presented that monitors the initial and later stages of in vitro enzymatic digestion of starch suspensions. It allows, for the first time to our knowledge, the accurate analysis of the initial 5% of the extent of hydrolysis. This is significant because rapidly digested starch produces glucose that ... |
Chiral thiophene-salen chromium complexes were investigated in their monomeric form as soluble catalysts in the enantioselective Henry reaction of several aldehydes. The anodic polymerization of one complex led to an insoluble powder that was successfully used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the transformation of 2-met... |
In the present study, capillary liquid chromatography (LC) nano electrospray ionization quadruple time-of-flight (nano-ESI-Q-TOF) mass spectrometry was utilized to identify the unique proteotypic peptides for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) mediated breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2... |
The 4-nitroimidazole PA-824 is active against aerobic and anaerobic Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) while 5-nitroimidazoles like metronidazole are active against only anaerobic Mtb. We have synthesized analogues of both 4- and 5-nitroimidazoles and explored their antitubercular activities. The nitro group is required ... |
S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) is a critical enzyme in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway and depends on a pyruvoyl group for the decarboxylation process. The crystal structures of the enzyme with various inhibitors at the active site have shown that the adenine base of the ligands adopts an unusual syn ... |
Alpha-aryl beta-hydroxy imidates are efficiently obtained by the four-component reaction of ethyl glyoxylates, aryl acetylenes, sulfonyl azides, and alcohols using a copper catalyst. The developed procedure is characterized by high selectivity, mild reaction conditions, a wide substrate scope, and an excellent function... |
Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) was used to study the viscoelastic properties of the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, foot protein 1 (Mefp-1) adsorbed on modified hydrophobic gold surfaces. The change in viscoelasticity was studied after addition of Cu2+ and Mn2+, which theoretically could i... |
The initial and rate-limiting step of the kynurenine pathway in humans involves the oxidation of tryptophan to N-formyl kynurenine catalyzed by two hemeproteins, tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (hTDO) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (hIDO). In hTDO, the conserved H76 residue is believed to act as an active site base to depr... |
When arylmethyl 4-(sulfonyl)-3-butynyl ether and a catalytic amount of Rh(2)(tfa)(4) (tfa = CF(3)CO(2)-) were heated in toluene, 2-aryl-3-(sulfonyl)-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran was produced in good yield. Ring closure proceeded in a highly regioselective manner, and no isomeric five-membered product was detected. Alternativel... |
An oxidative carbonylation reaction that generates acid chloride functionality has been developed. Furthermore, this aminochlorocarbonylation reaction has been merged with a catalytic Friedel-Crafts acylation to produce a highly efficient tandem multicatalytic synthesis of pyrrolidinyl ketones. Significant variation of... |
ALF is characterized by sudden onset, impaired liver function, jaundice and encephalopathy, without previous liver disease. We analyzed the patients who underwent LT due to toxic agent induced ALF to raise community awareness about preventing the toxic agent induced ALF. Five children (three boys, two girls) underwent ... |
Abstract Vasopressin-sensitive neurons in the region of the anterior hypothalamus are necessary for the mediation of flank marking behavior in the Golden hamster. The precise nature of the vasopressinergic innervation to the anterior hypothalamus is unknown. In this study we seek to examine the potential sources of thi... |
Abstract The purpose of this study was to characterize and compare the properties of glucocorticoid Type II receptors in neuronal and astrocyte glial cultures prepared from rat brain. Type II receptors in cytosol prepared from cultured cells were labeled with [(3) H]dexamethasone (DEX) at 0 degrees C. The binding was s... |
Abstract The objective of the first series of experiments was to assess whether melatonin treatment modifies the activity of the y-aminobutyric acid synthesizing enzyme, glutamic acid decarboxylase, in the preoptic-medial basal hypotnalamic area, cerebral cortex and cerebellar cortex of rats receiving 25 to 300 mug of ... |
Abstract Cells containing Type II glucocorticoid receptor (GR) immunoreactivity were identified in the rat pituitary gland by immunocytochemistry using a specific monoclonal antibody. At light microscopic level, GR immunoreactive cells were located in the intermediate lobe in addition to the well known GR-containing ce... |
Abstract Immunoreactive (ir) prolactin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid were measured in push-pull perfusion samples collected from the lateral cerebral ventricles in freely-moving ovariectomized rats prior to and after estrogen treatment, and in rats during pregnancy and lactation. Ir-prolactin levels in cerebrospina... |
Abstract The mouse neuroblastoma cell line is an excellent model in which to study thyroid hormone action and metabolism, particularly in neural tissue. We therefore undertook the molecular cloning and characterization in these cells of putative thyroid hormone receptors related to c-erb-A. Since rat brain tissue conta... |
Abstract Experiments were conducted to explore the possible relationship between testicular androgen secretion and the development of brain aromatase activity in fetal ferrets. Aromatase activity in the preoptic+mediobasal hypothalamus and temporal lobe was similar in fetuses of both sexes between embryonic Days 26 and... |
Abstract This study was designed to investigate the effects of exogenous and endogenous angiotensin II (All) on prolactin release in ovariectomized rats, with and without estrogen and progesterone pretreatment. In the first series of experiments, All or vehicle was injected into the third cerebral ventricle of consciou... |
Abstract Several peptides have been implicated as central nervous system transmitters regulating various peripheral organ systems. This study examined the central nervous system effects of rat corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF), salmon calcitonin (CT), beta-endorphin (beta-End), neurotensin (NT), rat calcitonin gene... |
In situ hybridization histochemistry (ISHH) using synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide probes has been used to demonstrate the sites of expression of mRNA for vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXT) in the rat brain. ISHH was performed with two types of non-radioactive probes, labelled with either alkaline phosphatase or 5'-bio... |
The distribution of mRNA transcripts for the six known protein kinase C (PKC) genes has been investigated by quantitative in situ hybridization histochemistry. PKC-delta transcripts were detected only in the thalamus and PKC-zeta was found in several areas including the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei... |
Abstract The regulation of growth hormone secretion depends upon the complex interplay between two hypothalamic hypophysiotropic factors: growth hormone-releasing factor and somatotropin release inhibiting factor or somatostatin. Interactions between these two neurohormones appear to be exerted both distally, at the le... |
Abstract Protein kinase C was activated in Xenopus laevis oocytes by phorbol ester treatment and its effects on the inositol trisphosphate/Ca(2+) transmembrane signalling pathway analysed. Induction of the pathway was achieved by ligand stimulation of TRH receptors translated from GH(3) pituitary cell mRNA. In voltage-... |
The influence of temperature on the growth of the mould Penicillium roqueforti growing on malt extract agar was studied by correlating the produced heat (measured by isothermal calorimetry), ergosterol content (quantified by GC-MS/MS) and biomass of the mould at 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 degrees C. The results were analyse... |
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the control of translation is dysregulated, precisely, two opposite pathways: double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is up-regulated and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is down-regulated. These biochemical alterations were found at the periphery in lymphocytes of AD patient... |
Approximately 10-15% of the human prion disease is inherited and one of the important genetic mutations occurs in the octapeptide repeat region of prion protein gene. One of the variants, one octapeptide repeat deletion (1-OPRD), existed in several gastric cancer cell lines and its mutation frequency was higher in gast... |
Appropriate feed intake level would enhance embryo survival. This study investigated the relationship among feed intake level, embryo survival, hormone secretion and mRNA expression. Fifty-four Landrace x Yorkshire crossbred gilts were allotted to three treatment groups of high (H, 2 x maintenance), medium (M, 1.2 x ma... |
It has now been over 10 years since efforts to completely understand the signalling actions of cAMP (3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) led to the discovery of exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) proteins. In the current review we will highlight important advances in the understanding of EPAC structur... |
The motor neuron disease spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is one of the leading genetic killers of infants worldwide. SMA is caused by mutation of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene and deficiency of the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. All patients retain one or more copies of the SMN2 gene, which (by producing ... |
Stiff person syndrome (SPS) varies from mild to severe, but if untreated it can be progressive and disabling. Although progress has been made in understanding and treating SPS, the disease remains underdiagnosed, delaying treatment. Antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase provide an excellent diagnostic marker, ... |
Twenty-seven strains of Leishmania infantum from north and central Tunisia belonging to the three main MON zymodemes (the MON-typing system is based on multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) of 15 enzymes) found in this country (MON-1, MON-24 and MON-80) and representing different pathologies (visceral, cutaneous and... |
Tissue microarrays (TMAs) are collections of multiple tissue cores placed in parallel in a single acceptor block and traditionally used to investigate protein expression in neoplastic tissues. We validated the use of TMAs to investigate protein expression in vascular segments. |
Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is a critical complication in anti-TNF therapies. In 141 BCG vaccinated healthy individuals and 71 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients as screening before anti-TNF therapies, M. tuberculosis specific immune responses were evaluated by tuberculin skin test (TST)... |
The essential oil and Chios mastic gum (CMG) are natural antimicrobial agents currently broadly used in medicine owing to their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CMG-extracted arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs/CMG) both in vitro and in vivo,... |
Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are chronic intestinal disorders characterized by immune dysregulation and leukocytes recruitment into gastrointestinal tract. Cell adhesion molecules (CAM) mediate the extravasation of leukocytes and their accumulation in inflamed intestinal mucosa. Recently, CAM genes ... |
Electrotransfer (electroporation) is recognized as one of the most promising alternatives to viral vectors for transfection of different tissues in vivo for therapeutic purposes. We evaluated the transfection efficiency of reporter genes (green fluorescent protein and luciferase) in murine subcutaneous tumors using dif... |
We pseudotyped HIV-1 vectors with cytoplasmic tail-truncated envelope glycoproteins of a wild-type (WT) measles virus (MV). The particles entered the lymphatic cells exclusively through the signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM, CD150), whereas particles pseudotyped with the MV vaccine strain glycoproteins als... |
Numerous pathological processes have been linked to disorders of the central 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) system but the possibility of gene therapy through modulation of 5HT system remained unexplored due to the lack of the specific targeting vectors. We explored the sequences upstream of the tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TP... |
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The lack of sensitive and specific injury biomarkers has greatly impeded the development of therapeutic strategies to improve outcomes of AKI.The unique objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of nine urinary biomarker... |
Helicobacter pylori is a microaerophilic bacterium, associated with gastric inflammation and peptic ulcers. D-Amino acid dehydrogenase is a flavoenzyme that digests free neutral D-amino acids yielding corresponding 2-oxo acids and hydrogen. We sequenced the H. pylori NCTC 11637 D-amino acid dehydrogenase gene, dadA. Th... |
The P2X(7) receptor (P2X(7)R) is uniquely associated with two distinct cellular responses: activation of a dye-permeable pathway allowing passage of molecules up to 900 Da and rapid release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), from activated macrophage. How this dye uptake path forms and whet... |
An optimized process for protein encapsulation was applied to formulate epidermal growth factor (rhEGF)-poly-epsilon-caprolactone microspheres. Microparticles mean size was 3.8 microm +/- 0.2 and the encapsulation efficiency was 41.9% +/- 2.6. rhEGF recovery after the encapsulation process was approximately 70% (41.9% ... |
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