Respiratory_and_Pulmonology/queries.jsonl

{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 18.1", "caption": "Figure 18.1: Conditions that can produce dyspnea. ARDS:\u00a0Acute respiratory distress syndrome.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/18.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 18.1", "caption": "Figure 18.1: Conditions that can produce dyspnea. ARDS:\u00a0Acute respiratory distress syndrome.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/18.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 18.2", "caption": "Figure 18.2: Types of dyspnea.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/18.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 18.3", "caption": "Figure 18.3: The proposed neural mechanism of air hunger.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/18.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 18.4", "caption": "Figure 18.4: Balance of pulmonary stretch receptors and chemoreceptor firing.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/18.4.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 18.5", "caption": "Figure 18.5: Central regions associated with air hunger.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/18.5.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 18.6", "caption": "Figure 18.6: The cycle of anxiety causing an increase in the drive to breathe and air hunger, which in turn causes more anxiety. Psychological disorders can produce air hunger if they involve anxiety.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/18.6-new.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 17.1", "caption": "Figure 17.1: Brainstem respiratory network.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/17.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 17.1", "caption": "Figure 17.1: Brainstem respiratory network.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/17.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 17.2", "caption": "Figure 17.2: Lung volume and pulmonary stretch receptor firing. The top tracing represents lung volume with two full inflations followed by a sustained inflation. In response to the increases in lung volume, pulmonary stretch receptors depolarize, producing\u00a0action potentials, which are shown in the lower trace as upward spikes. The increase in action potentials with increased lung volume is seen as more densely clustered spikes. Note how the sustained inflation causes an initial high frequency of action potentials that gradually falls as the receptor adapts to the high lung volume.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/17.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 17.3", "caption": "Figure 17.3: Chemoreflex circuit.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/17.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 17.4", "caption": "Figure 17.4: Peripheral chemoreceptors.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/17.4.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 17.5", "caption": "Figure 17.5: Hypoxic ventilatory response. BTPS:\u00a0body temperature and pressure, saturated.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/17.5.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 17.6", "caption": "Figure 17.6: Hypercapnic ventilatory response.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/17.6.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 17.7", "caption": "Figure 17.7: Hypoxic ventilatory responses with varying degrees of hypercapnia.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/17.7-1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 17.8", "caption": "Figure 17.8: Hypercapnic ventilatory responses with varying degrees of hypoxia.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/17.8.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 16.1", "caption": "Figure 16.1: Basic structure of hemoglobin.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/16.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 16.2", "caption": "Figure 16.2: Hemoglobin saturation curve.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/16.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 16.3", "caption": "Figure 16.3: The hemoglobin\u00a0saturation at the lung (A), at the tissue (B), and at very metabolically active tissue (C).", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/16.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 16.4", "caption": "Figure 16.4: Effect of temperature on the saturation curve.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/16.4.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 16.5", "caption": "Figure 16.5: Effect of PCO2 on the saturation curve.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/16.5.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 16.6", "caption": "Figure 16.6: Effect of pH on the saturation curve.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/16.6.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 16.7", "caption": "Figure 16.7: Oxygen carriage.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/16.7.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 16.8", "caption": "Figure 16.8: Compartment of blood oxygen content.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/16.8.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 16.9", "caption": "Figure 16.9: Formation of bicarbonate at the tissue.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/16.9.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 16.10", "caption": "Figure 16.10:\u00a0Reformation of CO2\u00a0at the lungs.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/16.10.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 16.11", "caption": "Figure 16.11: CO2\u00a0dissociation curve.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/16.11.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 15.1", "caption": "Figure 15.1: Schematic of a pulmonary shunt (anatomical or physiological) showing flow (Q) through the pulmonary capillaries (QC), flow through the shunt (QS), and total flow (QT) returning to the left heart.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/15.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 15.2", "caption": "Figure 15.2: Oxygen concentrations used to calculate the size of a pulmonary shunt.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/15.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 15.3", "caption": "Figure 15.3: Elements of the shunt equation and where they exist physiologically.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/15.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 15.3", "caption": "Figure 15.3: Elements of the shunt equation and where they exist physiologically.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/15.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 14.1", "caption": "Figure 14.1: The alveolar gas equation.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/14.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 14.2", "caption": "Figure 14.2: Alveolar and arterial oxygen tensions in the normal state lead to a normal alveolar\u2013arterial PO2 difference.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/14.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 14.3", "caption": "Figure 14.3: Alveolar and arterial oxygen tensions during hypoventilation result in a normal alveolar\u2013arterial PO2 difference.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/14.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 14.4", "caption": "Figure 14.4: Diffusion abnormalities lead to an increased alveolar\u2013arterial PO2 difference.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/14.4.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 14.5", "caption": "Figure 14.5: Perfusion abnormalities lead to an increased alveolar\u2013arterial PO2 difference.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/14.5.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 13.2", "caption": "Figure 13.2: Partial pressures when V/Q = 1.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/13.2-scaled.jpg"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 13.3", "caption": "Figure 13.3: Partial pressures when V/Q = 0.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/13.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 13.4", "caption": "Figure 13.4: Partial pressures when V/Q is infinite.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/13.4.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 13.5", "caption": "Figure 13.5: Ventilation\u2013perfusion line.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/13.5.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 13.6", "caption": "Figure 13.6: Ventilation, perfusion, and V/Q distributions.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/13.6.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 13.7", "caption": "Figure 13.7: V/Q and alveolar gas distribution.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/13.7.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 13.8", "caption": "Figure 13.8: Consequences of V/Q nonuniformity on arterial PO2.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/13.8.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 13.9", "caption": "Figure 13.9:\u00a0Correcting V/Q mismatches.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/13.9.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 13.10", "caption": "Figure 13.10: Response of pulmonary vasculature to hypoxia.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/13.10.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 10.1", "caption": "Figure 10.1: Pulmonary metabolism of arachidonic acid. Blockade of cyclooxygenase by aspirin\u00a0means more arachidonic acid is available for the production of leukotrienes, which can cause bronchoconstriction.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/10.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 9.1", "caption": "Figure 9.1: The pulmonary circulation. A latex cast of the pulmonary circulation shows the complete and vast penetration of the lung structure by the vasculature.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/9.1.jpg"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 9.3", "caption": "Figure 9.3: Schematic of the pulmonary and systemic circulations \u2013\u00a0compare capillary densities and pressures.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/9.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 9.4", "caption": "Figure 9.4: Pulmonary vascular resistance decreases as pressure increases.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/9.4.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 9.4", "caption": "Figure 9.4: Pulmonary vascular resistance decreases as pressure increases.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/9.4.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 9.5", "caption": "Figure 9.5: Pulmonary vessels can be categorized as alveolar or extra-alveolar.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/9.5-new.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 9.6", "caption": "Figure 9.6: The relationship between lung volume and pulmonary vascular resistance.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/9.6.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 9.7", "caption": "Figure 9.7: Perfusion distribution up the lung.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/9.7.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 8.1", "caption": "Figure 8.1: Diffusion and perfusion limitations.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/8.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 8.2", "caption": "Figure 8.2: Transfer of gases from alveolus to capillary.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/8.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 7.1", "caption": "Figure 7.1: Oxygen tensions around the alveolus.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/7.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 7.1", "caption": "Figure 7.1: Oxygen tensions around the alveolus.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/7.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 7.2", "caption": "Figure 7.2: Carbon dioxide tensions around the alveolus.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/7.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 7.2", "caption": "Figure 7.2: Carbon dioxide tensions around the alveolus.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/7.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 6.1", "caption": "Figure 6.1: Intrapleural and airway pressures during normal/passive expiration.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/6.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 6.2", "caption": "Figure 6.2: Intrapleural and airway pressures during forced expiration.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/6.2-newer.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 6.3", "caption": "Figure 6.3: Typical and normal flow-volume loop. FVC: forved vital capacity.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/6.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 6.4", "caption": "Figure 6.4: Normal (maroon) and obstructive disease (gray) flow-volume loops.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/6.4.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 6.5", "caption": "Figure 6.5: Normal (maroon) and restrictive (gray) flow-volume loops.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/6.5.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 5.1", "caption": "Figure 5.1: Laminar flow.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/5.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 5.2", "caption": "Figure 5.2: Turbulent flow.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/5.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 5.3", "caption": "Figure 5.3: Transitional flow.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/5.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 5.4", "caption": "Figure 5.4: Airway resistance down the bronchial tree.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/5.4.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 5.5", "caption": "Figure 5.5: Radial traction decreases airway resistance as lung volume increases.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/5.5.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 5.6", "caption": "Figure 5.6: Airway resistance and lung volume.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/5.6.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 4.1", "caption": "Figure 4.1: The fiber networks of the lung.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/4.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 4.2", "caption": "Figure 4.2: The action of radial traction.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/4.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 4.3", "caption": "Figure 4.3: Interaction of lung volume, compliance, and distribution of ventilation.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/4.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 3.1", "caption": "Figure 3.1: Lung volumes detected by spirometry.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/3.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 3.2", "caption": "Figure 3.2: Changes in breathing tidal volume and respiratory rate with increasing levels of exercise.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/3.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 3.2", "caption": "Figure 3.2: Changes in breathing tidal volume and respiratory rate with increasing levels of exercise.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/3.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 3.3", "caption": "Figure 3.3: Lung compliance curve.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/3.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 3.3", "caption": "Figure 3.3: Lung compliance curve.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/3.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 3.4", "caption": "Figure 3.4: Opposing forces of alveolar pressure and surface tension.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/3.4.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 3.5", "caption": "Figure 3.5: Summary of lung volumes and compliance. At low volumes alveoli are small and subject to greater surface tension forces that generate an inwardly acting force that requires greater alveolar pressure to achieve inflation. At higher lung volumes surface tension is less effective at generating an inward force, so less pressure is required to cause inflation (the lung is more compliant). At very high lung volumes surface tension poses even less of a problem, but the elastic limits of the lung are being reached, and increases in volume require alveolar pressures to overcome elastic recoil.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/3.5.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 2.1", "caption": "Figure 2.1: The diaphragm.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/2.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 2.2", "caption": "Figure 2.2: Diaphragm positional change.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/2.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 2.3", "caption": "Figure 2.3: Inspiratory muscles of the rib cage.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/Inspiration.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 2.4", "caption": "Figure 2.4: Expiratory muscles.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/2.4.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 2.5", "caption": "Figure 2.5: The pleural membranes and space.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/2.5.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 2.6", "caption": "Figure 2.6: The breathing cycle.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/2.6.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 1.2", "caption": "Figure 1.2:\u00a0The mucociliary escalator of the airway. The cilia on the apical surface of the pseudostratified\u00a0epithelium push a layer of mucus (produced by the goblet cells) toward the mouth, carrying pathogens and particulates out of the airway.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/1.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 1.3", "caption": "Figure 1.3:\u00a0Air conditioning. The highly vascularized nasal cavity\u00a0helps warm and humidify inhaled air before\u00a0it proceeds toward the lower airways.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/1.3.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmo2$$$Figure 1.4", "caption": "Figure 1.4:\u00a0The bronchial tree. The major airways of the conducting zone\u00a0(anatomical dead space) are labeled.", "image_path": "pulmo2/images/1.4.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 9.1", "caption": "Figure 9.1:\u00a0Severe pleural effusion leading to displacement of the mediastinum and heart to the right. This patient\u2019s condition is critical because of the threat to cardiac output.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/9.1.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 9.2", "caption": "Figure 9.2: Appearance of pleural fluid and diagnosis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/9.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 9.3", "caption": "Figure 9.3: A tall, thin body morph (right) is more prone to a spontaneous pneumothorax.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/9.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 9.4", "caption": "Figure 9.4: Rupturing bulla and blebs can lead to spontaneous pneumothorax.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/9.4.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 9.5", "caption": "Figure 9.5: Pathophysiology of a pneumothorax", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/9.5.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 9.6", "caption": "Figure 9.6: CT comparison of an uncomplicated pneumothorax and a tension pneumothorax.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/9.6.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 8.2", "caption": "Figure 8.2:\u00a0Chronic phase of hypersensitivity pneumonitis with established fibrosis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/8.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 8.3", "caption": "Figure 8.3:\u00a0Patchy airspace consolidation associated with Goodpasture\u2019s syndrome.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/8.3.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 8.4", "caption": "Figure 8.4:\u00a0Progression of diffuse fibrosis in chronic SLE.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/8.4.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 8.5", "caption": "Figure 8.5:\u00a0Pleural effusion in a\u00a0rheumatoid patient.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/8.5.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 8.6", "caption": "Figure 8.6:\u00a0A nodular lesion (arrow) associated with rheumatoid disease.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/8.6.jpg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 8.7", "caption": "Figure 8.7:\u00a0Fine reticular fibrosis in lower lung fields (upper CT image) progressing to honeycombing (lower CT image).", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/8.7.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 8.1", "caption": "Figure 8.1:\u00a0Acute phase of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Note presence of giant cells in the alveolar septum on the center, right-hand side of field of view.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/8.1-scaled.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 7.1", "caption": "Figure 7.1:\u00a0Pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/7.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 6.1", "caption": "Figure 6.1: Potential radiographic findings in lung cancer.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/6.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 5.2", "caption": "Figure 5.2: Pathophysiological events of ARDS. ROS = reactive oxygen species.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/5.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 5.3", "caption": "Figure 5.3: Alveolar wall edema and onset of hyaline membrane formation during the exudative phase of ARDS. The debris inside the airspace is the result of the inflammatory response and the beginning of a hyaline membrane made of \u201ccellular debris.\u201d", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/5.3.jpg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 5.4", "caption": "Figure 5.4: Proliferation of type II cells and infiltration of fibroblasts in the proliferative phase of ARDS. A clear amount of debris in the airspace can be seen and forms a hyaline membrane that will impede gas exchange.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/5.4.jpg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 5.5", "caption": "Figure 5.5: Fibrotic stage of ARDS.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/5.5.jpg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 5.7", "caption": "Figure 5.7: Diffuse bilateral densities associated with ARDS.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/5.7.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.1", "caption": "Figure 4.1: Basic mechanism of interstitial lung disease.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.2", "caption": "Figure 4.2: Changes in pulmonary histology (A, B) and gross anatomy (C) with interstitial lung disease.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.3", "caption": "Figure 4.3: Pathophysiological consequences of ILD.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.4", "caption": "Figure 4.4: Classifications of ILD.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.4-1024x680.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.5", "caption": "Figure 4.5:\u00a0Smoker\u2019s macrophages occupying an airspace.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.5.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.7", "caption": "Figure 4.7:\u00a0Diffuse alveolar damage.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.7.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.8", "caption": "Figure 4.8: Extremes of nonspecific interstitial pneumonia.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.8.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.10", "caption": "Figure 4.10:\u00a0Silicotic nodule in the parenchyma of the lung.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.10.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.12", "caption": "Figure 4.12: The pathophysiology of silicosis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.12.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.13", "caption": "Figure 4.13:\u00a0Pathophysiology of asbestosis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.13.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.14", "caption": "Figure 4.14:\u00a0Ferruginous bodies associated with asbestosis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.14-scaled.jpg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.15", "caption": "Figure 4.15: Radiographic findings in asbestosis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.15.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.16", "caption": "Figure 4.16:\u00a0Example of coal macules in simple CWP\u00a0showing fibrosis and coal macules.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.16.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.17", "caption": "Figure 4.17:\u00a0Large perihilar lesion in complicated CWP.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.17.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 4.18", "caption": "Figure 4.18:\u00a0Pathophysiology of berylliosis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/4.18.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 3.1", "caption": "Figure 3.1: Pathophysiology of acute bronchitis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/3.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 3.2", "caption": "Figure 3.2: Histological and radiographic findings for an RSV infection. The\u00a0left\u00a0panel shows syncytial giant cells (circled). The right panel shows an x-ray\u00a0of a child with RSV where densities folow\u00a0bronchi and a\u00a0flattened diaphragm.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/3.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 3.3", "caption": "Figure 3.3:\u00a0Neutrophils, bacteria, and exudate occupy airspaces in a typical pneumonia.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/3.3.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 3.4", "caption": "Figure 3.4:\u00a0General pathophysiology of pneumonia.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/3.4.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 2.2", "caption": "Figure 2.2: Pathophysiology of the common cold.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/2.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 2.3", "caption": "Figure 2.3: An x-ray of the upper airway of a child suffering from tracheal croup. The arrow points to a narrowing of the trachea that produces a characteristic \u201csteeple\u201d\u00a0sign as the constriction looks like the pointed steeple of a church building.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/2.3.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 2.4", "caption": "Figure 2.4: Typical signs of \u201cstrep throat.\u201d", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/2.4.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 2.5", "caption": "Figure 2.5: Clinical signs of C. diphtheriae: pseudomembrane exudate (left) and bull neck (right).", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/2.5.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.1", "caption": "Figure 1.1: Forms and prevalence of asthma.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.1.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.2", "caption": "Figure 1.2: Example of a mast cell loaded with secretory granules.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.2.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.3", "caption": "Figure 1.3: Vagal reflex of irritant airway receptors and the onset of asthma.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.3.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.4", "caption": "Figure 1.4:\u00a0Factors promoting asthma at night.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.4.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.5", "caption": "Figure 1.5: NSAIDS, including aspirin, shift metabolism of arachidonic acid toward bronchoconstrictive leukotrienes.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.5.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.6", "caption": "Figure 1.6: Illustrations of normal (A), mildly asthmatic (B), and severely asthmatic (C) airways.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.6.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.7", "caption": "Figure 1.7: Histological signs of asthma: A = Charcot\u2013Leyden crystals, B = Curshman\u2019s spirals.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.7.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.8", "caption": "Figure 1.8: Components of airway remodeling in persistent asthma. The epithelium in asthma shows mucous hyperplasia and hypersecretion (gray), and significant basement membrane thickening. Smooth muscle volume is also increased in asthma.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.9.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.9", "caption": "Figure 1.9: The progression of an asthma \u201cattack.\u201d", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.8.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.10", "caption": "Figure 1.10: Typical chest x-ray of an asthmatic patient showing hyperlucent fields and hyperinflation. Notice the flattened diaphragm and the number of ribs that are visible; more than six anterior ribs or ten posterior ribs being visible is indicative of hyperinflation.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.10.jpeg"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.11", "caption": "Figure 1.11:\u00a0Pathophysiology of chronic bronchitis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.11-1024x602.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.12", "caption": "Figure 1.12:\u00a0The Reid index compares the width of mucus glands to the width of the submucosal layer of airways.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.12-1024x669.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.13", "caption": "Figure 1.13:\u00a0Prolonged irritant exposure can lead to airway remodeling with loss of normal ciliated epithelium.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.13.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.14", "caption": "Figure 1.14:\u00a0The pathophysiological and clinical events as chronic bronchitis progresses.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.14-914x1024.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.15", "caption": "Figure 1.15: Histological comparison of normal (left) and emphysematous (right) lung tissue.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.15-300x132.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.16", "caption": "Figure 1.16: Characteristic patterns of emphysema.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.16.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.17", "caption": "Figure 1.17:\u00a0Pathological process of emphysema.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.17.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.18", "caption": "Figure 1.18:\u00a0The pathophysiological events that lead to the clinical signs of emphysema.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.18.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.19", "caption": "Figure 1.19: The impact of ion currents in normal and CF cells on fluid layer and cilia.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.19.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.20", "caption": "Figure 1.20: Pulmonary consequences of CF.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.20.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.21", "caption": "Figure 1.21: Clinical signs of the pulmonary progression of CF.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.21.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.22", "caption": "Figure 1.22: Typical chest x-ray findings of CF.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.22.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.24", "caption": "Figure 1.24:\u00a0Pathophysiology of bronchiectasis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.24.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.25", "caption": "Figure 1.25:\u00a0Instigating factors for bronchiectasis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.25.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.26", "caption": "Figure 1.26: Histological and gross changes\u00a0associated with severe bronchiectasis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.26.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.27", "caption": "Figure 1.27: Forms of bronchiectasis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.27.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.28", "caption": "Figure 1.28: Chest x-ray and CT of severe bronchiectasis. In the x-ray there are clear markings in the right lung that follow the path of affected bronchi. The distinctly widened airways on\u00a0the right of the CT are consistent with\u00a0severe bronchiectasis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.28.png"}
{"_id": "pulmonary$$$Figure 1.29", "caption": "Figure 1.29: Common locations of the segmental and subsegmental broncho affected by bronchiectasis.", "image_path": "pulmonary/images/1.29.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_1", "caption": "A pressure-time graphic", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Airway_pressure_release_ventilation_graph.pn_92f65517.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_2", "caption": "Static pressure-volume curve during volume-controlled mechanical ventilation. High pressure ('P high') is set below the high inflection point (HIP) and low pressure is set above the low inflection point (LIP). [ 1 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Airway_pressure_release_ventilation_static_p_b9893860.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_3", "caption": "Corresponding pressure and flow curves during one cycle of inflationdeflation. Notice the flow curve goes back to zero at the end of inflation, indicating full lung inflation; and also goes back to zero during the release period before inflation starts, indicating complete gas exhalation with no intrinsic PEEP. [ 1 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Airway_pressure_release_ventilation_addition_f14dd465.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_4", "caption": "Pressure-time curve for APRV. 'P high' is the high CPAP, 'P low' is the low CPAP, 'T high' is the duration of 'P high,' and 'T low' is the release period or the duration of 'P low.' Spontaneous breathing appears on the top of 'P high.' [ 1 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Airway_pressure_release_ventilation_figure_2_cc2ebfc3.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_5", "caption": "Image illustrating transpulmonary, intrapleural and intra-alveolar pressure", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-2315_Intrapulmonary_and_Intrapleural_Pressur_b5e42d46.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_6", "caption": "Atelectasis occurs when distending pressure of the alveolus is overcome by  surface tension  of fluid within the alveolus. Repeated atelectasis and re-inflation leads to  atelectotrauma .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Atelectasis.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_7", "caption": "Portable electronic system", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-P4053296_logo.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_8", "caption": "Left-sided pneumothorax (right side of image) on CT scan of the chest with chest tube in place.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Pneumothorax_CT.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_9", "caption": "Size of chest tube:  Adult male = 28\u201332  Fr Pp Adult female = 28 Fr  Child = 18 Fr  Newborn = 12\u201314 Fr   [ 15 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Dreno_tor%C3%A1cico_tubular_multiperfurado.J_15957310.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_10", "caption": "Chest tube drainage holes", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Chest_Tube_Drainage_Holes.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_11", "caption": "Portable electronic system", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-P4053296_logo.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_12", "caption": "Chest tube drainage system diagram, with parts labeled in", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Labelled_chest_tube_drainage_system.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_13", "caption": "Curschmann's spiral", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/250px-Curshman%27s_Spiral.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_14", "caption": "Heimlich valve:  The flutter valve functions by allowing only outwards airflow from the body of the patient.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/430px-Heimlich_valve.GIF.GIF"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_15", "caption": "Lung volumes", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/400px-Lungvolumes.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_16", "caption": "The Life Pulse High Frequency Jet Ventilator", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Bunnell_Life_Pulse.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_17", "caption": "Bidirectional Flow During HFJV", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-HFJV_Flow.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_18", "caption": "Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) delivery with high-frequency jet ventilation", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Inhaled_Nitric_Oxide_%28iNO%29_Delivery_with_3cb56437.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_19", "caption": "Sensormedics 3100a Oscillatory ventilator", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-HFOV_3100A.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_20", "caption": "Details of a patient circuit", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Oscillator_3100A_2012_diagram.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_21", "caption": "Drawing of air movement during high frequency oscillation ventilation", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Drawing_of_air_movement_during_high_frequenc_60e900f9.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_22", "caption": "Tidal volume versus power setting", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-HFOV_Tidal_volume_versus_power_setting.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_23", "caption": "Tidal volume versus frequency in Hertz", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-HFOV_Tidal_volume_versus_frequency_hz.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_24", "caption": "Vascular ischemia of the toes with characteristic cyanosis", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Ischemia.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_25", "caption": "Image illustrating transpulmonary, intrapleural and intra-alveolar pressure", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-2315_Intrapulmonary_and_Intrapleural_Pressur_b5e42d46.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_26", "caption": "Latent hypoxia affects the diver on ascent", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Diver_about_to_surface_%28seen_from_below%29_ba8a0834.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_27", "caption": "Oxygen-Haemoglobin dissociation curves", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/330px-Oxygen-Haemoglobin_dissociation_curves.svg.p_7d5e22da.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_28", "caption": "Vascular, bronchial and parenchymal margins of a lobectomy, showing staple line of bronchial margin being removed with scissors.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Margins_of_a_lobectomy.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_29", "caption": "Respiratory therapist examining a mechanically ventilated patient on an Intensive Care Unit. The more time a patient spends exposed to the forces applied to them by a mechanical ventilator, the higher the risk of suffering a ventilator-associated lung injury.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Respiratory_therapist.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_30", "caption": "Robert F. Furchgott, PhD", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Drfurchgott.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_31", "caption": "Bill Clinton meets the 1998 Nobel Prize Winners in the White House. From left to right: Ferid Murad, Medicine; Louis Ignarro, Medicine; Daniel Tsui, Physics; Robert Furchgott, Medicine; Bill Clinton, The President; John Pople, Chemistry; Horst L. St\u00f6rmer, Physics; Robert Laughlin, Physics", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Clinton%261998NobelLaureates.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_32", "caption": "Airway pressure release ventilation graph", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Airway_pressure_release_ventilation_graph.pn_92f65517.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_33", "caption": "Cough medicines usually contain mucoactive agents", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Cough_medicine.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_34", "caption": "Plaque honouring  Robert W. Philip , phthisiologist in Edinburgh", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Robert_W._Philip_-_Blue_Plaque.jpeg.jpeg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_35", "caption": "Dr. Ricardo Pineda, University of Pittsburgh. Mouse precision-cut lung slice (PCLS; 300\u00a0\u03bcm) stained for collagen & fibronectin. Made with a vibratome.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-PCLS_Image.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_36", "caption": "A. Preparation of lung tissue on a sample holder B. Setup to obtain slices. C. Generation of precision-cut lung slices using a vibratome.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Compresstome_v.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_37", "caption": "Chest radiograph of a 3-year-old who underwent right pulmonary plombage with insertion of three Ping-Pong balls 1 year earlier. [ 13 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/180px-Plombage.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_38", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_39", "caption": "A clinician auscultating the posterior lung of a patient.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Physical_Exam_-_Stethoscope.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_40", "caption": "A Neonatal mechanical ventilator. High gas flows are often used in neonatal ventilation which carries the risk of  rheotrauma .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-VIP_Bird2.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_41", "caption": "3100 A Oscillator", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Oscillator_3100A.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_42", "caption": "Image shows early occurrence of tracheal deviation.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Sucking_chest_wound_mechanics_2.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_43", "caption": "Age-standardised   disability-adjusted life year  (DALY) rates from respiratory diseases by country (per 100,000 inhabitants).", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Respiratory_diseases_world_map_-_DALY_-_WHO2_9b3cb6d6.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_44", "caption": "Classic steeple sign indicating croup", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Croup_steeple_sign.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_45", "caption": "Pulmonary interstitial emphysema", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-CXR-Pulmonary_interstitial_emphysema.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_46", "caption": "Deaths from respiratory diseases per million persons in 2012  \u00a0 \u00a019\u2013125 \u00a0 \u00a0126\u2013169 \u00a0 \u00a0170\u2013196 \u00a0 \u00a0197\u2013225 \u00a0 \u00a0226-\u201375 \u00a0 \u00a0276\u2013308 \u00a0 \u00a0309\u2013365 \u00a0 \u00a0366\u2013440 \u00a0 \u00a0441\u2013593 \u00a0 \u00a0594\u20131,227", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/290px-Respiratory_diseases_world_map-Deaths_per_mi_7aa06e30.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_47", "caption": "Ragweed is a plant and some are allergic to its pollen.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Ragweed.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_48", "caption": "Skin Prick Test", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Skin_Prick_Test.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_49", "caption": "Some older children can be taught to use their prescribed Metered-Dose Inhaler.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Metered-Dose_Inhaler_%28Child%29.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_50", "caption": "Metered-Dose Inhaler Mask (Child)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Metered-Dose_Inhaler_Mask_%28Child%29.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_51", "caption": "A summary diagram that explains how allergy develops", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-The_Allergy_Pathway.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_52", "caption": "Tissues affected in  allergic inflammation", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Tissues_Affected_In_Allergic_Inflammation.jp_f3e71378.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_53", "caption": "Degranulation process in allergy. Second exposure to allergen.  1  \u2013 antigen;  2  \u2013 IgE antibody;  3  \u2013 Fc\u03b5RI receptor;  4  \u2013 preformed mediators (histamine, proteases, chemokines, heparin);  5  \u2013  granules ;  6  \u2013  mast cell ;  7  \u2013 newly formed mediators (prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes,  PAF ).", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Allergy_degranulation_processes_01.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_54", "caption": "An allergy testing machine being operated in a diagnostic immunology lab", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Allergy_testing_machine.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_55", "caption": "Skin testing on arm", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Allergy_skin_testing.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_56", "caption": "Skin testing on back", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Skintest2.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_57", "caption": "Patch test", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Epikutanni-test.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_58", "caption": "Anti-allergy immunotherapy", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Anti-Allergy_Immunotherapy.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_59", "caption": "Signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/330px-Signs_and_symptoms_of_anaphylaxis.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_60", "caption": "Urticaria  and flushing on the chest of a person with anaphylaxis", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/290px-Rash_on_the_chest_of_a_person_with_anaphylax_1067eba4.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_61", "caption": "Skin allergy testing  being carried out on the right arm", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/290px-Allergy_skin_testing.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_62", "caption": "Patch test", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/290px-Epikutanni-test.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_63", "caption": "An old version of an EpiPen brand auto-injector", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/290px-Epipen.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_64", "caption": "Skin lesion from anthrax", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Skin_reaction_to_anthrax.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_65", "caption": "Anthrax skin lesion on the neck", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Cutaneous_anthrax_lesion_on_the_neck._PHIL_1_fa223977.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_66", "caption": "Anthrax skin lesion on the face", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Riehl_Zumbusch_Tafel_IV_%282%29.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_67", "caption": "Photomicrograph  of a  Gram stain  of the bacterium  Bacillus anthracis , the cause of the anthrax disease", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Bacillus_anthracis_Gram.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_68", "caption": "Inhalational anthrax,  mediastinal  widening", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Anthrax_-_inhalational.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_69", "caption": "Possible edema and necrosis in a case of injection anthrax.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/218px-Septicaemic_anthrax_in_a_drug_user.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_70", "caption": "B. anthracis  Capsule Depolymerase (CapD) degrades the unusual PDGA capsule on the outer surface of the bacterium. The pegylated enzyme has been used in mice to protect against 5 LD50 challenges of lethal Ames spores. [ 67 ]  The human enzyme (white surface) has been overlaid onto the bacterial CapD structure (PDB 3G9K [ 68 ] , blue ribbon). In red is the substrate binding loop of HuGGT which CapD lacks. CapD binds polymers of D-glutamate. Original figure from Hu, Legler, et al. [ 67 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/400px-CapD.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_71", "caption": "Louis Pasteur inoculating sheep against anthrax", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/200px-Pasteur_inoculating_sheep_against_anthrax._W_b687bcb6.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_72", "caption": "Colin Powell  giving a  presentation to the United Nations Security Council , holding a model vial of supposed weaponized anthrax", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Colin_Powell_anthrax_vial._5_Feb_2003_at_the_165471cc.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_73", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_74", "caption": "Salbutamol  metered dose inhaler commonly used to treat asthma attacks", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Salbutamol2.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_75", "caption": "Fluticasone propionate  metered dose inhaler commonly used for long-term control", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Fluticasone.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_76", "caption": "Rates of asthma in 2017 [ 283 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/350px-Asthma_prevalence%2C_OWID.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_77", "caption": "The Gold-dust Book of Cold Damage dated '1st year of the Zhengyuan reign period of the Yuan dynasty' (1341) Wellcome.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-C14_Chinese_medication_chart%3B_Asthma_etc.__d3fb4514.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_78", "caption": "Atelectasis.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Atelectasis.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_79", "caption": "Atelectasis of the right lower lobe seen on chest X-ray.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Unterlappenatelektase_rechts_pa.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_80", "caption": "Atelectasis of the middle lobe on a sagittal CT reconstruction.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Mittellappenatelektase_CT_sagittal.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_81", "caption": "Guinea-Bissau's frontline healthcare workers", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Guinea%E2%80%99s_frontline_healthcare_worker_405f0204.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_82", "caption": "Health problems associated with cystic fibrosis", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/290px-Blausen_0286_CysticFibrosis.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_83", "caption": "Respiratory infections in CF vary according to age. Green =  Pseudomonas aeruginosa Brown =  Staphylococcus aureus Blue =  Haemophilus influenzae Red =  Burkholderia cepacia  complex", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/290px-Cystic_Fibrosis_Respiratory_Infections_by_Ag_fa6060f3.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_84", "caption": "Cystic fibrosis has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/290px-Autorecessive.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_85", "caption": "The CFTR protein is a channel protein that controls the flow of H 2 O and Cl \u2212  ions in and out of cells inside the lungs. When the CFTR protein is working correctly, ions freely flow in and out of the cells. However, when the CFTR protein is malfunctioning, these ions cannot flow out of the cell due to a blocked channel. This causes cystic fibrosis, characterized by the buildup of thick mucus in the lungs.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/290px-CFTR_Protein_Panels.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_86", "caption": "The location of the  CFTR  gene on chromosome 7", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/80px-CFTR_gene_on_chromosome_7.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_87", "caption": "Intracytoplasmic sperm injection can be used to provide fertility for men with cystic fibrosis.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/290px-Icsi.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_88", "caption": "Dorothy Hansine Andersen  first described cystic fibrosis in 1938.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Dorothy_Hansine_Andersen.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_89", "caption": "The genes for human HLA are located on chromosome 6.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/200px-HLA.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_90", "caption": "High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images of the lower chest in a 16-year-old boy initially diagnosed with DPB ( left ), and 8 weeks later ( right ) after a 6-week course of treatment with erythromycin. The bilateral bronchiectasis and prominent centri-lobular nodules with a \"tree-in-bud\" pattern shows noticeable improvement.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/400px-HRCT_scans_of_diffuse_panbronchiolitis.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_91", "caption": "Molecular structure of Erythromycin A, an antibiotic used to treat DPB", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Erythromycin_A.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_92", "caption": "Human embryo\u2014length, 2 mm. Dorsal view, with the amnion laid open. X 30.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/240px-Gray17.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_93", "caption": "Key inducers of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition process.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Epithelial_to_Mesenchymal_Transition_Compari_cef93d09.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_94", "caption": "Epithelial to mesenchymal cell transition \u2013 loss of cell adhesion leads to constriction and extrusion of newly mesenchymal cell.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Epithelial%E2%80%93mesenchymal_transition_sc_96897c07.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_95", "caption": "Cancer cells enter the bloodstream after undergoing EMT induced by TGF-\u03b2 released from platelets. Once in the bloodstream, metastatic cancer cells recruit platelets for use as a physical barrier that helps protect these cells from elimination by immune cells. The metastatic cancer cell can use the attached platelets to adhere to P-selectin expressed by activated endothelial cells lining the blood vessel walls. Following adhesion to the endothelium, the metastatic cancer cell exits the bloodstream at the secondary site to begin formation of a new tumor.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/490px-Platelets_in_cancer_EMT.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_96", "caption": "Diagnostic approach to solving the puzzle of hemoptysis.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/300px-Hemoptysis.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_97", "caption": "Hemoptysis", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/228px-Raetchon_%C3%A5_sonk.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_98", "caption": "Lesions lips, patient with hemorrhagic hereditary telangiectasia.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Hereditary_hemorrhagic_telangiectasia.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_99", "caption": "Tongue telangiectases as seen in a person with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-TongueTelang.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_100", "caption": "A very large arteriovenous malformation in the left hemisphere (on the right in this image) of the brain.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-AVM_grossly.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_101", "caption": "Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Autosomal_dominant_-_en.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_102", "caption": "A schematic representation of the TGF-\u03b2 signaling pathway. Endoglin (yellow) is needed for signalling. The ligand (blue) binds to the receptor complex; red indicates a type II receptor protein, which activates a type I receptor protein (turquoise) such as alk-1, which in turn phosphorylates a SMAD-based nuclear transcription factor (green and purple).", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Endoglin_and_Alk1.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_103", "caption": "A vascular lesion in the digestive tract, being treated with argon plasma coagulation.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Argon_plasma_coagulation.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_104", "caption": "CT-scan of vascular malformations in the liver in a patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia causing an inhomogeneous perfusion pattern.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Morbus-Osler-CT-Leber-ax-010.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_105", "caption": "The  Netherlands Antilles , where HHT is more common than anywhere in the world, located off the coast of Venezuela.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-LocationNetherlandsAntillesWithAruba.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_106", "caption": "Fusion glycoprotein trimer, Human parainfluenza virus 3 (HPIV3).", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/300px-1ztm.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_107", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/210px-Placenta.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_108", "caption": "A scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicting a number of Gram-negative  Bordetella bronchiseptica  bacteria.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Bordetella_bronchiseptica.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_109", "caption": "Transmission electron micrograph of parainfluenza virus. Two intact particles and free filamentous nucleocapsid.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Parainfluenza_virus_TEM_PHIL_271_lores.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_110", "caption": "Lipid-laden alveolar macrophages in a case of  vaping-associated pulmonary injury . Left:  Papanicolaou stain ; right:  Oil Red O  stain. [ 1 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Microscopy_of_a_bronchoalveolar_lavage_sampl_e8f9ff8a.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_111", "caption": "Placement of an endotracheal tube to aid breathing", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Endotracheal_Tube.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_112", "caption": "Mediastinum Anatomy", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Mediastinum.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_113", "caption": "CT scan of a patient with Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-CT_scan_of_a_patient_with_Descending_Necroti_3da77849.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_114", "caption": "Apgar score for newborn infants", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-APGAR_score.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_115", "caption": "Wheat harvested has dust blown in the air.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/588px-Unload_wheat_by_the_combine_Claas_Lexion_584_23e8a1c5.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_116", "caption": "Breathing air with high oxygen pressure can lead to several adverse effects.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/Clark1974.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_117", "caption": "The curves show typical decrement in lung vital capacity when breathing oxygen. Lambertsen concluded in 1987 that 0.5\u00a0bar (50\u00a0kPa) could be tolerated indefinitely.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/400px-Pulmonary_toxicity_tolerance_curves.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_118", "caption": "The lipid peroxidation mechanism shows a single radical initiating a chain reaction which converts unsaturated lipids to lipid peroxides.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/300px-Lipid_peroxidation.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_119", "caption": "The label on the diving cylinder shows that it contains oxygen-rich gas (36%) and is boldly marked with a maximum operating depth of 28 metres (92\u00a0ft)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Cylinder_mod.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_120", "caption": "The retina (red) is detached at the top of the eye.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Human_eye_cross_section_detached_retina.svg._631365a7.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_121", "caption": "The silicone band ( scleral buckle , blue) is placed around the eye. This brings the wall of the eye into contact with the detached retina, allowing the retina to re-attach.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Human_eye_cross_section_scleral_buckle.svg.p_34c9f740.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_122", "caption": "Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in 1997 was more common in middle income countries where neonatal intensive care services were increasing; but greater awareness of the problem, leading to preventive measures, had not yet occurred. [ 37 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/400px-Incidence_of_ROP.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_123", "caption": "Paul Bert, a French physiologist, first described oxygen toxicity in 1878.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Paul_Bert.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_124", "caption": "Robert W. Hamilton Jr , lead researcher on tolerable repetitive exposure limits at NOAA.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Robert_W_Hamilton_Jr.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_125", "caption": "Stress Index of an ARDS patient with different values of PEEP", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-StressIndex_Comparison.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_126", "caption": "Piccadilly Circus  during the  Great Smog of London , 1952", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Piccadilly_Circus_in_Pea-Soup.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_127", "caption": "Table and title page of John Graunt's (1620\u20131674)  Natural and political observations ... upon ... mortality  (1662) which notes mortality attributed to air pollution in London [ 16 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-GRAUNT%2C_John._%281620-1674%29._Natural_and_85f7c2f5.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_128", "caption": "Disability-adjusted life year  for birth asphyxia and birth trauma per 100,000\u00a0inhabitants in 2002", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Birth_asphyxia_and_birth_trauma_world_map_-__5cd30701.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_129", "caption": "Sagittal CT image showing \"tree in bud\" appearance of mucous impaction in distal small airways related to primary ciliary dyskinesia", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Primary_ciliary_dyskinesia-12.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_130", "caption": "CT image showing dilated and thickened medium-sized airways (bronchiectasis) in a patient with Kartagener syndrome", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Primary_ciliary_dyskinesia-1.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_131", "caption": "Oblique sagittal CT image showing lower lobe cylindrical bronchiectasis in the same patient", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Primary_ciliary_dyskinesia-6.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_132", "caption": "CT image showing  situs inversus . The liver is normally on the right side of the body and the spleen on the left, they are switched in this patient with situs inversus.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/150px-Primary_ciliary_dyskinesia_7.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_133", "caption": "Axial CT image showing dextrocardia with the IVC and morphologic right ventricle on the left and the left ventricle on the right", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Primary_ciliary_dyskinesia-10.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_134", "caption": "Axial CT image showing chronic sinusitis in an individual with Kartagener syndrome", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Primary_ciliary_dyskinesia-8.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_135", "caption": "An immature  little blue heron  with psittacosis", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Blue_heron_chlamydiosis.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_136", "caption": "It is common to see RAD incorrectly used as a synonym for asthma.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Asthma_%28Lungs%29.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_137", "caption": "First page of the 2010 ICD", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/page1-220px-ICD-10-CM_%282010%29.djvu.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_138", "caption": "Pulse oximetry is a simple, quick, painless test.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Elderly_Man_Using_Pulse_Oximeter.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_139", "caption": "Causes of respiratory failure", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Respiratory_failure.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_140", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/700px-RespiratoryFailureTypes.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_141", "caption": "Clubbing", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Clubbing_of_fingers_in_IPF.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_142", "caption": "Arterial blood gas analyzer", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Arterial_blood_gas_device.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_143", "caption": "Mechanical ventilator", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/140px-VIP_Bird2.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_144", "caption": "Indoor Swimming Pool", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Indoor_Swimming_Pool.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_145", "caption": "Respiratory system  anatomy", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/444px-Respiratory_system_complete_en.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_146", "caption": "Deaths from respiratory infections per million persons in 2012  \u00a0 \u00a024-120 \u00a0 \u00a0121-151 \u00a0 \u00a0152-200 \u00a0 \u00a0201-244 \u00a0 \u00a0245-346 \u00a0 \u00a0347-445 \u00a0 \u00a0446-675 \u00a0 \u00a0676-866 \u00a0 \u00a0867-1,209 \u00a0 \u00a01,210-2,090", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/290px-Respiratory_infections_world_map-Deaths_per__c1fc700d.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_147", "caption": "CT scan of a saber-sheath trachea in a patient with COPD", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Saebelscheidentrachea_bei_COPD_67M_-_CT_axia_88c117d3.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_148", "caption": "Certified respirators, without exhalation valves, are the recommended form of source control.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-200318-H-NI589-069_%2849679050543%29.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_149", "caption": "In hospitals, proper source control protocols are essential.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-200401-N-PH222-1033_%2849743455427%29.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_150", "caption": "Droplet spread without source control: up to ~8 meters (26\u00a0ft) for sneezes and coughs, up to ~2 meters (6.6\u00a0ft) for talking. Aerosol spread is much further than this. [ 2 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Droplet_transmission_ranges_for_speaking%2C__1db87a28.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_151", "caption": "Masks with exhalation valves are not very effective for source control. However, some respirators  with  exhalation valves performed as well as a surgical mask in source control. Respirators  without  exhalation valves should be preferred. [ 10 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Atemluftfilter_Einwegmaske.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_152", "caption": "1997 proposed  OSHA   administrative  rule:  No Admittance Without Wearing a Type N95 or More Protective Respirator [ 29 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/150px-N95_stop.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_153", "caption": "Similar to  NIOSH 's  Hierarchy of Hazard Controls , multiple controls are used for source control of  TB [ 30 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-NIOSH%E2%80%99s_%E2%80%9CHierarchy_of_Contro_b5b5637e.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_154", "caption": "NIOSH guidelines for TB, with focus on  respirators  under the old  30 CFR 11 , replaced in  1995  (On  Wikisource )", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/page1-110px-Niosh_tb_guidelines.pdf.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_155", "caption": "HICPAC  2007 Guideline for Isolation Precautions . A more general guideline for hospital  PPE  procedures. (PDF, 225 pages)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/page1-110px-2007_Guidelines_for_Isolation_Precauti_36f30391.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_156", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Tracheobronchopathia_osteochondroplastica_%2_447e4a8b.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_157", "caption": "A chest x-ray showing pulmonary edema with bilateral pleural effusions.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-PulmEdema.PNG.PNG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_158", "caption": "An illustration of an individual receiving intravenous blood transfusion.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Blausen_0087_Blood_Transfusion.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_159", "caption": "A person receiving supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Nasalprongs.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_160", "caption": "A  schematic of a typical e-cigarette with a cartridge containing nicotine dissolved in propylene glycol", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/350px-E-cig-schematic.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_161", "caption": "Bronchoalveolar lavage sample from a patient with acute lung injury associated with vaping, showing alveolar macrophages laden with vacuoles (A) and extensive lipid deposits (B) [ 59 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/450px-Microscopy_of_a_bronchoalveolar_lavage_sampl_33046b2d.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_162", "caption": "Micrograph  of  diffuse alveolar damage , the histologic correlate of ARDS.  H&E stain .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Hyaline_membranes_-_intermed_mag.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_163", "caption": "A chest x-ray of  transfusion-related acute lung injury  (left) which led to ARDS.  Right is the same patient with  resolved injury 72 hours after ventilator support. Note the clearance of bilateral diffuse infiltrates.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/440px-Transfusion-related_acute_lung_injury_chest__7061e717.gif"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_164", "caption": "Micrograph  showing  hemosiderin -laden alveolar macrophages, as seen in a  pulmonary hemorrhage .  H&E stain .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Pulmonary_haemorrhage_-_very_high_mag.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_165", "caption": "Histopathology of smoker's macrophages with anthracotic stippling, indicating the presence of both  respiratory bronchiolitis  and  anthracosis .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Histopathology_of_smoker%27s_macrophages_wit_d18fb7c1.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_166", "caption": "Micrograph of carbon-laden macrophages in the lung,  H&E  stain", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Carbon_laden_macrophages_in_lung%2C_H%26E_10_3f1e1a04.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_167", "caption": "Micrograph of an alveolar macrophage in the  lung tissue  showing the nucleus and other organelles including the  Golgi body  and  mitochondria .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Macrophage_in_the_alveolus_Lung_-_TEM.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_168", "caption": "Bench top analyzer ABL800 FLEX -  Radiometer Medical", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Arterial_blood_gas_device.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_169", "caption": "Modern, blood gas analyzer. This device is capable of reporting pH,  pCO 2 , pO 2 , SatO 2 , Na + , K + , Cl \u2212 , Ca 2+ , Hemoglobin (total and derivatives: O 2 Hb, MetHb, COHb, HHb, CNHb, SHb ), Hematocrit, Total bilirubin, Glucose, Lactate and Urea. (Cobas b 221 -  Roche Diagnostics ).", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Cobas221A.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_170", "caption": "Detail of measurement chamber of a modern blood gas analyzer showing the measurement electrodes. (Cobas b 121 - Roche Diagnostics)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Cobas_b_121_Measurement_Chamber_%28detail%29_93c3f461.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_171", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/500px-Pathway_of_generation_of_2%2C3-bisphosphogly_ceca7c0b.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_172", "caption": "Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/200px-Oxyhaemoglobin_dissociation_curve.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_173", "caption": "Christian Bohr, who was credited with the discovery of the effect in 1904.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Christian_Bohr_u016a.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_174", "caption": "The original dissociation curves from Bohr's experiments in the first description of the Bohr effect, showing a decrease in oxygen affinity as the partial pressure of carbon dioxide increases. This is also one of the first examples of  cooperative binding . X-axis: oxygen partial pressure in  mmHg , Y-axis\u00a0%  oxy-hemoglobin . The curves were obtained using whole  dog   blood , with the exception of the dashed curve, for which  horse   blood  was used.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/291px-Bohr_effect.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_175", "caption": "The magnitude of the Bohr effect is given by  \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \u0394 \n log \n \u2061 \n ( \n \n P \n \n 50 \n \n \n ) \n \n \n \u0394 \n \n pH \n \n \n \n \n \n \n {\\textstyle {\\scriptstyle \\Delta \\log(P_{50}) \\over \\Delta {\\text{pH}}}} \n \n , which is the slope on this graph. A steeper slope means a stronger Bohr effect.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Bohr_Effect_Magnitude_vs_Body_Size.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_176", "caption": "Haemoglobin changes conformation from a high-affinity R state (oxygenated) to a low-affinity T state (deoxygenated) to improve oxygen uptake and delivery.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/278px-Hemoglobin_t-r_state_ani.gif.gif"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_177", "caption": "Though they are one of the largest animals on the planet, humpback whales have a Bohr effect magnitude similar to that of a guinea pig.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Humpback_whale_noaa.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_178", "caption": "Illustration depicting bronchoconstriction (Asthma)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Blausen_0620_Lungs_NormalvsInflamedAirway.pn_e4cf9f27.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_179", "caption": "A heme unit of human carboxyhaemoglobin, showing the  carbonyl ligand  at the apical position,  trans  to the histidine residue. [ 1 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/110px-Carboxyhemoglobin_from_1AJ9.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_180", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/312px-2319_Fig_23.19.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_181", "caption": "Respiratory centre and its groups of neurons", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-2327_Respiratory_Centers_of_the_Brain.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_182", "caption": "Climbing  Mount Rainier , 14,411 feet (4,392\u00a0m) above sea level.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-M_Rainier.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_183", "caption": "Pressure as a function of the height above the sea level", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/500px-Pressure_air.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_184", "caption": "The summit of  Mount Everest  is in the death zone, as are the summits of all  eight-thousanders .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Everest_kalapatthar_crop.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_185", "caption": "The summit of  K2 , the  second highest mountain on Earth , is in the death zone.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-K2_2006b.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_186", "caption": "Athletes training at high altitude in  St. Moritz ,  Switzerland  (elevation 1,856 m or 6,089 ft).", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Swiss_Olympic_training_base.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_187", "caption": "Diagram showing expiration", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Expiration_diagram.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_188", "caption": "Oxygen-Haemoglobin dissociation curves", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/330px-Oxygen-Haemoglobin_dissociation_curves.svg.p_7d5e22da.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_189", "caption": "Staged image showing how victims may black out quietly underwater, often going unnoticed.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Shallow_Water_Blackout.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_190", "caption": "Latent hypoxia hits on ascent", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Diver_about_to_surface_%28seen_from_below%29_ba8a0834.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_191", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/453px-2319_Fig_23.19.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_192", "caption": "Max Perutz  won the  Nobel Prize for chemistry  for his work determining the molecular structure of hemoglobin and  myoglobin [ 15 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Max_Perutz.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_193", "caption": "Protein alignment of human hemoglobin proteins, alpha, beta, and delta subunits respectively. The alignments were created using  UniProt 's alignment tool available online.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/330px-HemoglobinABDAlignment.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_194", "caption": "Heme  b group", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Heme_B.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_195", "caption": "A schematic visual model of oxygen-binding process, showing all four  monomers  and  hemes , and  protein chains  only as diagrammatic coils, to facilitate visualization into the molecule.  Oxygen  is not shown in this model, but, for each of the  iron  atoms, it binds to the iron (red sphere) in the flat  heme . For example, in the upper-left of the four hemes shown, oxygen binds at the left of the iron atom shown in the upper-left of diagram. This causes the iron atom to move backward into the heme that holds it (the iron moves upward as it binds oxygen, in this illustration), tugging the  histidine  residue (modeled as a red pentagon on the right of the iron) closer, as it does. This, in turn, pulls on the protein chain holding the  histidine .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/Hemoglobin_t-r_state_ani.gif.gif"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_196", "caption": "The sigmoidal shape of hemoglobin's oxygen-dissociation curve results from cooperative binding of  oxygen  to hemoglobin.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Hemoglobin_saturation_curve.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_197", "caption": "Gene expression of hemoglobin before and after birth. Also identifies the types of cells and organs in which the gene expression (data on  Wood W.G. , (1976).  Br. Med. Bull. 32, 282. )", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/300px-Postnatal_genetics_en.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_198", "caption": "A hemoglobin concentration measurement being administered before a blood donation at the  American Red Cross  Boston Blood Donation Center.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Hemoglobin_Test_American_Red_Cross.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_199", "caption": "The giant tube worm  Riftia pachyptila  showing red hemoglobin-containing plumes", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Riftia_tube_worms_Galapagos_2011.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_200", "caption": "Heart of Steel (Hemoglobin)  (2005) by  Julian Voss-Andreae . The images show the 5-foot (1.5\u00a0m) tall sculpture right after installation, after 10 days, and after several months of exposure to the elements.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/300px-Heart_of_Steel_%28Hemoglobin%29.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_201", "caption": "Global distribution of red blood cell abnormalities", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/350px-Red_Blood_Cell_abnormalities.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_202", "caption": "Himalayas, on the southern rim of the Tibetan Plateau", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Himalayas-Lhasa15.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_203", "caption": "A Sherpa family", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/200px-Sherpa.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_204", "caption": "Quechua woman with llamas", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-QuechuaWoman.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_205", "caption": "Aymara ceremony", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/240px-Aymara_ceremony_copacabana_4.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_206", "caption": "Diagram showing inhalation", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Inhalation_diagram.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_207", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/30px-Action_photo_of_nasal_spray_on_a_black_backgr_8d150fa8.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_208", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/30px-Glycerin_suppositories.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_209", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/40px-SPF15SunBlock.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_210", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/500px-Pathway_of_generation_of_2%2C3-bisphosphogly_ceca7c0b.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_211", "caption": "Scheme of changes in lung volumes in restricted and obstructed lung in comparison with healthy lung.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Lung_volumes_in_restricted%2C_normal_and_obs_88367e0b.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_212", "caption": "The structure of  cytochrome b5 reductase , the enzyme that converts methemoglobin to hemoglobin. [ 1 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-NADH_cytochrome_B5_reductase_1UMK.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_213", "caption": "An  Alpine chough  in flight at 3,900\u00a0m (12,800\u00a0ft)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Yellow-billed_chough_Pin_Valley_Spiti_Himach_e71923b5.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_214", "caption": "Naked carp in  Lake Qinghai  at 3,205\u00a0m (10,515\u00a0ft)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Gymnocypris_przewalskii_2013.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_215", "caption": "The  Himalayan pika  lives at altitudes up to 4,200\u00a0m (13,800\u00a0ft) [ 28 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Himalayan_Pika.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_216", "caption": "The deer mouse", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-DiGangi-Deermouse.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_217", "caption": "Domestic yak at  Yamdrok Lake", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Bos_grunniens_at_Yundrok_Yumtso_Lake.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_218", "caption": "A  Sherpa  family", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Sherpa.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_219", "caption": "R\u00fcppell's vulture  can fly up to 11.2\u00a0km (7.0\u00a0mi) above sea level", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Ruppelsvulture.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_220", "caption": "Male cinnamon teal", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Sarcelle_cannelle.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_221", "caption": "Cushion plant  Donatia novae-zelandiae , Tasmania", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Cushion-plant-atop-Mount-Ossa.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_222", "caption": "Structure of oxyhemoglobin", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Oxy-Hemoglobin.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_223", "caption": "Hemoglobin saturation curve", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Oxyhaemoglobin_dissociation_curve.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_224", "caption": "Fetal hemoglobin saturation curve", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/250px-Fetal_hemoglobin_chart.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_225", "caption": "Illustration of the pressure-time waveform during an inspiratory hold. During the inspiratory hold, the decay in pressure towards the true plateau pressure is due to pendelluft, as well as the relaxation of elastic chest wall / lung tissue.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Pressure_time_waveform.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_226", "caption": "A  Lindbergh  perfusion pump, c. 1935, an early device for simulating natural perfusion", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Lindbergh_perfusion_pump_in_Putnam_Gallery%2_0fc58e07.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_227", "caption": "AMPA receptor", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-AMPA_receptor.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_228", "caption": "3D rendering  of a  high resolution computed tomography  of the  thorax . The anterior thoracic wall, the airways and the pulmonary vessels anterior to the  root of the lung  have been digitally removed in order to visualize the different levels of the pulmonary circulation.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/400px-3D_CT_of_thorax%2C_annotated.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_229", "caption": "Image showing main pulmonary artery coursing ventrally to the  aortic root  and  trachea . The right pulmonary artery passes dorsally to the  ascending aorta , while the left pulmonary artery passes ventrally to the  descending aorta .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Relations_of_the_aorta%2C_trachea%2C_esophag_2393418d.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_230", "caption": "The opening page of one of Ibn al-Nafis's medical works", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Ibn_al-nafis_page.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_231", "caption": "Alveoli  are the spherical outcroppings of the  respiratory bronchioles .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/300px-thumbnail.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_232", "caption": "Survanta , surrounded by devices for its application.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/200px-Pulmonary_surfactant.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_233", "caption": "Respiratory pressure meter", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Respiratory_pressure_meter_device.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_234", "caption": "Cigarettes are known to cause many lung diseases including emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and lung cancer.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Marlboro_cigarettes.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_235", "caption": "Smoking-related deaths in firsthand and secondhand smokers in the US between 2005 and 2009 (no data available for secondhand smokers with COPD deaths [ 7 ] )", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Smoking-related_deaths_in_US.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_236", "caption": "Histopathology of a smoker's macrophage. The brown staining is likely due to the granular autofluorescence bodies from tar.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Histopathology_of_a_smoker%27s_macrophage.jp_fe1c65b1.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_237", "caption": "Diagram of iron homeostasis. A: The role of hepcidin; B:The effects of environmental factors; C: Genetic variation in iron homeostasis. Exposure to cigarette contents leads to abnormal ferritin metabolism and increased TFR1 activity.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Major_regulators_of_iron_homeostasis.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_238", "caption": "A patient's lung diagnosed with lung cancer", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Lung_cancer_in_xray.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_239", "caption": "The survival rate when smoking cessation was initiated at age 25\u201334. Ex-smokers have significant improvement in survival and become nearly as healthy as non-smokers.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-British_doctors_study_35.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_240", "caption": "Two dogs  sniffing each other", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Dogs_sniffing_each_other.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_241", "caption": "Doing spirometry", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-DoingSpirometry.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_242", "caption": "A modern USB PC-based spirometer.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Spiro_solo.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_243", "caption": "Device for spirometry. The patient places his or her lips around the blue mouthpiece. The teeth go between the nubs and the shield, and the lips go over the shield. A nose clip guarantees that breath will flow only through the mouth.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Device_for_Spirometry_or_Body_Plethysmograph_4eb18b13.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_244", "caption": "Screen for spirometry readouts at right. The chamber can also be used for body  plethysmography .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Body_Plethysmography_chamber_01.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_245", "caption": "Normal values for peak expiratory flow (PEF), shown on EU scale. [ 21 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/250px-Normal_values_for_peak_expiratory_flow_-_EU__37417939.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_246", "caption": "Diagram of anatomy of pulmonary alveolar structure", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/185px-Alveolus_diagram.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_247", "caption": "Diagram of anatomy of lung structure", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/182px-2313_The_Lung_Pleurea.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_248", "caption": "An animated diagram that shows the change in thoracic volume during ventilation, and the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the pulmonary alveolus and capillaries during perfusion.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/294px-Biology_of_ventilation.gif.gif"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_249", "caption": "Diagram of the lungs showing regional variations in V/Q ratio", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/246px-V-Q_ratio_regional_variation.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_250", "caption": "Diagram of alveolar dead space in alveoli and pulmonary capillary", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/205px-Alveolar_dead_space.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_251", "caption": "Diagram of pulmonary shunt in alveoli and pulmonary capillary", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/201px-Pulmonary_shunt_diagram_-_less_oxygenated.pn_f709365a.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_252", "caption": "Output of a spirometer", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/250px-Lungvolumes.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_253", "caption": "VO 2  max measurement using instruments on a metabolic cart during a graded treadmill exercise test", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Ergospirometry_laboratory.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_254", "caption": "Gas exchange of VO 2  and VCO 2  during max test. Begin for 3 minutes at 60 watts and add 35 watts every 3 mins until exhaustion.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Gas_exchange_during_max_test.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_255", "caption": "Graph of the breathing resistance of an open-circuit demand regulator. The area of the graph (green) is proportional to the net mechanical work of breathing for a single breathing cycle", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Breathing_Resistance.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_256", "caption": "Endobronchial valve", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Endobronchial_valves_placed_in_airways.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_257", "caption": "A man undergoing whole body plethysmography.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Body_plethysmography_male_subject.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_258", "caption": "A modern body plethysmograph using ultrasound", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/Body_plethysmograph_box.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_259", "caption": "A simple float spirometer being used in a high school science demonstration", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Float_spirometer.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_260", "caption": "Adult with air entrainment (Venturi) mask", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Adult_with_air_entrainment_%28Venturi%29_mas_1c063c3f.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_261", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/The_Inhalation_Therapy_Association_logo.gif.gif"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_262", "caption": "In 1919 several hundred Philadelphia school children form a living TB double cross, the logo at the time of the National Tuberculosis Association.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/283px-Several_hundred_Philadelphia_school_children_629dba3b.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_263", "caption": "An American Lung Association booth at a local 5k race in  Kansas City", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/228px-American_Lung_Association_Booth_Kansas_City._8116ace5.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_264", "caption": "The first German tuberculosis sanatorium, founded by Dr Hermann Brehmer in G\u00f6rbersdorf (today Poland), about 1870", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Sokolowsko01.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_265", "caption": "Postcard of Heidehaus, Otto Ziegler\u2019s sanatorium, about 1907", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Karl_F._Wunder_PC_Heilst%C3%A4tte_Heidehaus__df926503.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_266", "caption": "Mass screening of apprentices in a steelwork in Mannheim, 1939", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-R%C3%B6ntgenreihenuntersuchung_1939.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_267", "caption": "Hemopericardium , wherein the  pericardium  becomes filled with  blood , is one cause of cardiac tamponade.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/250px-Blausen_0164_CardiacTamponade_02.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_268", "caption": "Electrocardiograph: the portion of normal  sinus rhythm  during which commotio cordis is a risk if a severe chest impact occurs within the narrow  vulnerability window", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/400px-Commotio_Cordis_Risk_Zone.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_269", "caption": "Defibrillator training kit", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Medtronic_aed_training_kit.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_270", "caption": "Axial lower chest CT scan showing bowel herniation due to left diaphragmatic rupture", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-PMC2739847_1749-7922-4-32-2.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_271", "caption": "Left posterior diaphragmatic rupture undergoing surgery", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-PMC3160360_1749-7922-6-23-3.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_272", "caption": "Ambroise Par\u00e9", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/150px-Ambroise_Par%C3%A9.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_273", "caption": "Diaphragmatic rupture in a dog", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Diaphragmatic-rupture_dog.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_274", "caption": "Diagrams depicting the paradoxical motion observed during respiration with a flail segment", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Flail_chest_mechaincs.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_275", "caption": "A  chest radiograph  of a flail chest associated with right sided  pulmonary contusion  and  subcutaneous emphysema", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Pulmonary_contusion.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_276", "caption": "Gross pathology of hemopericardium, with clotted blood surrounding the heart (in this case appearing yellow due to epicardial fat).", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/140px-Gross_pathology_of_hemopericardium.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_277", "caption": "Autopsy specimen showing large clotted hemothorax filling the entire pleural cavity.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/207px-Hemothorax_%284864715893%29.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_278", "caption": "Pleural fluid sample from a hemothorax taken by thoracentesis", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/160px-Pleural_fluid_sample_from_a_hemothorax.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_279", "caption": "A tube thoracostomy unit", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-A_tube_thoracostomy_unit.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_280", "caption": "Hemothorax mid-VATS showing diaphragmatic injury caused by a costal exostosis", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/206px-PMC4624699_13019_2015_342_Fig2_HTML.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_281", "caption": "Hemothorax mid-thoracotomy showing bleeding from tears in the pulmonary ligament and no other obvious injuries.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-PMC4369806_13019_2015_243_Fig2_HTML.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_282", "caption": "Hemothorax in an animal caused by  anti-coagulant  poisoning", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-H%C3%A9mothorax.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_283", "caption": "Large, right lower lobe pneumatocele is shown, compromising ventilation in a premature infant with  RDS  and superimposed  RSV  pneumonitis.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-7210964f1.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_284", "caption": "A schematic drawing of a bulla and a bleb, two lung abnormalities that may rupture and lead to pneumothorax", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/260px-Pneumot_rax_bullae.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_285", "caption": "CT scan  of the chest showing a pneumothorax on the person's left side (right side on the image). A  chest tube  is in place (small black mark on the right side of the image), the air-filled  pleural cavity  (black) and  ribs  (white) can be seen. The  heart  can be seen in the center.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/260px-Pneumothorax_CT.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_286", "caption": "CT with the identification of underlying lung lesion: an apical bulla on the right side", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/260px-Pneumot%C3%B3rax_espont%C3%A2neo.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_287", "caption": "A chest tube placed on the right for a pneumothorax", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/260px-ChesttubeforRtPneumo.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_288", "caption": "Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery  (VATS) wedge resection", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/260px-Bullae_and_Bleb.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_289", "caption": "The  alveoli", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Alveolus_diagram.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_290", "caption": "Motor vehicle collisions  are the most common cause of pulmonary contusion.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Crushed_Saturn.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_291", "caption": "Normally,  oxygen  and  carbon dioxide  diffuse across the capillary and alveolar membranes and the interstitial space (top). Fluid impairs this diffusion, resulting in less oxygenated blood (bottom).", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Fluid-filled_alveolus.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_292", "caption": "A chest X-ray showing right sided (seen on the left of the picture) pulmonary contusion associated with rib fractures and  subcutaneous emphysema", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Pulmonary_contusion.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_293", "caption": "A chest  CT scan  revealing pulmonary contusions,  pneumothorax , and  pseudocysts", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Pulmonary_contusion_pseudocyst_CT.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_294", "caption": "An  ultrasound image  showing early pulmonary contusion, at this moment not visible on radiography. Lung swelling is seen as vertical white lines, the \"B-lines\". [ 48 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Lung_Contusion.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_295", "caption": "Mechanical ventilation  may be required if pulmonary contusion causes inadequate oxygenation.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-VIP_Bird2.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_296", "caption": "This CT scan, taken 22\u00a0days after pulmonary contusion with major chest trauma, shows that the contusion has completely resolved. [ 64 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Healed_pulmonary_contusion.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_297", "caption": "A chest  X-ray  showing acute respiratory distress syndrome", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-AARDS_X-ray_cropped.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_298", "caption": "Severe pulmonary contusion with pneumothorax and hemothorax following severe chest trauma [ 68 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Pneumothorax_hemothorax_pneumomediastinum_co_5e6d41a1.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_299", "caption": "Giovanni Battista Morgagni , credited with having first described lung trauma without chest wall trauma", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Morgagni_portrait.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_300", "caption": "A CT scan of a pneumothorax, a chest injury that may accompany pulmonary laceration", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/200px-Pneumothorax_CT.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_301", "caption": "A chest X-ray of a right sided pulmonary contusion associated with  flail chest  and  subcutaneous emphysema .  Contusion may mask pulmonary laceration on chest X-ray.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/210px-Pulmonary_contusion.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_302", "caption": "Anatomy of the rib cage", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Rib_anatomy.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_303", "caption": "The \"hooking maneuver\" being performed on a model skeleton", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-SRS_hooking_maneuver_model.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_304", "caption": "Illustration showing sternal fracture between ribs 3 and 4", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/200px-Breastbone_fracture_-_Sternal_fracture_1_--__ce9bd7e9.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_305", "caption": "CT scan showing a  comminuted  sternal fracture. [ 12 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Sternal_fracture_CT.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_306", "caption": "Pneumothoraces  of both lungs (large arrows),  pneumomediastinum  (small arrow) and  subcutaneous emphysema  in a patient with complete disruption of the right bronchus. Air leak was continual despite suction. [ 1 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/290px-Bilateral_pneumothorax_pneumomediastinum.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_307", "caption": "Diagram of the larynx, trachea and bronchi", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Blausen_0865_TracheaAnatomy.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_308", "caption": "A patient with traumatic complete disruption of the right bronchus. Computed tomography scan following emergency chest tube drainage. Axial 1.25 mm thick sections with a lung window. (a) Persistent bilateral pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and extensive subcutaneous emphysema. (b) Multiple lucencies around the right bronchial tree (curved arrow) precluding the correct recognition of the bronchial rupture. (c) The Macklin effect around the right lower  pulmonary vein  (white arrow). (d) Coronal view demonstrating multiple areas of  alveolar  consolidation in the right upper and lower lobes: intraparenchymal lucencies resulting from lung lacerations are visible on the right side (thick arrows).", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Bronchial_rupture.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_309", "caption": "An  endotracheal tube  may be used to bypass a disruption in the airway.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Sondeintubation.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_310", "caption": "A left main bronchus laceration, resulting in pneumothorax. Air is evacuated from the chest cavity with a  chest tube .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Main_bronchus_laceration_2.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_311", "caption": "Bronchial  stenosis  (arrow) two weeks after surgery for a tracheobronchial laceration [ 1 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Bronchial_stenosis_CT.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_312", "caption": "An example EKG for pulseless electrical activity. In this rhythm, cardiac activity will be seen on electrocardiogram, but a pulse will not be felt on provider's exam.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Pulseless_electrical_activity_EKG.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_313", "caption": "An EKG showing asystole, or \"flat-lining.\"", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-EKG_Asystole.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_314", "caption": "Echocardiogram is a study in which an ultrasound is used to exam the function of the heart. In Traumatic cardiac arrest, an echocardiogram may show ineffective motion of the heart and may provide clues that point to a specific cause of the arrest.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Echocardiogram_4chambers.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_315", "caption": "La Miseria  by  Crist\u00f3bal Rojas  (1886). Rojas had tuberculosis when he painted this. Here he depicts the social aspect of the disease, and its relation with Living conditions at the close of the 19th century.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/380px-Cristobal_Rojas_37a.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_316", "caption": "Hippocrates.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Hippocrates_Light.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_317", "caption": "Henry IV of France touching numerous sickly individuals during the ceremony of the \"royal touch\". The original caption reads:  Des mirabili strumas sanandi vi solis Galliae regibus christianissimis divinitus concessa liber unus .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Henri_IV_touche_les_escrouelles.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_318", "caption": "The  Russian  writer  Anton Chekhov , who died of tuberculosis in 1904", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/150px-Anton_Pavlovich_Chekhov.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_319", "caption": "Robert Koch , a  Prussian  physician, discovered the cause of tuberculosis.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/150px-RobertKoch_cropped.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_320", "caption": "1950 Census Enumeration District Map of Aibonito, Puerto Rico, United States, indicating a \"Tuberculosis Sanatorium\" to be a special (Census) enumeration area", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-1950_Census_Enumeration_District_Maps_-_Puer_e09f345e.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_321", "caption": "A map of deaths from tuberculosis in  Washington, D.C.  in 1900\u20131901.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Map_of_the_City_of_Washington_Showing_Locati_90ba8787.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_322", "caption": "A chart showing the rate of tuberculosis in  inspected  livestock in a 1938 publication of the  United States Department of Agriculture .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Swine_tuberculosis.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_323", "caption": "Tuberculosis mortality in the USA from 1861 to 2014.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Tuberculosis_in_the_USA_1861-2014.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_324", "caption": "Specialist Nurse at 18-bed 'Fresh Air School' for children with TB. Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal. 1939.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/lossy-page1-220px-TB_Specialist_Nurse_Eleanor_Pond_1a2af636.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_325", "caption": "Gray (right) prior to his March 1927 world record attempt.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Hawthorne_Gray_March_1927.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_326", "caption": "Hamlisch, at age 29, holding two of the three Oscars he won in 1974. With him are  Donald O'Connor ,  Debbie Reynolds , and  Cher .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/240px-Marvin_Hamlisch_-_Oscars.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_327", "caption": "Hamlisch conducting", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Official_2011_Marvin_Hamlisch.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_328", "caption": "Hamlisch at the piano, 2006", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-MarvinHamlischByPhilKonstantin1.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_329", "caption": "Heche at the  Primetime Emmy Awards  in 1997", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/154px-AnneHeche.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_330", "caption": "Heche in June 2007", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-AnneHecheJune07.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_331", "caption": "Heche with  Ellen DeGeneres  in September 1997", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-EllenDeGeneresAndAnneHeche.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_332", "caption": "Heche with  James Tupper  in November 2014", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-James_Tupper_%26_Anne_Heche_-_DSC_0091.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_333", "caption": "Crypt of Anne Heche at Hollywood Forever Cemetery", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Anne_Heche_Grave.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_334", "caption": "Rivers with Jim Connell and  Jake Holmes  in \"Jim, Jake & Joan\", early 1960s", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Jim_Connell_Jake_Holmes_Joan_Rivers_circa_19_88879b4b.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_335", "caption": "Rivers in 1987", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Joan_Rivers_1987.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_336", "caption": "Rivers poses for a photograph at  The Pierre  hotel in New York City in 2001", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Joan_Rivers.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_337", "caption": "Rivers in 2010", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Joan_Rivers_3_Musto_Party_2010_Shankbone.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_338", "caption": "Rivers performing in her show at the 2008  Edinburgh Festival Fringe", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Joan_Rivers_-_Life_in_Progress_-_Fringe.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_339", "caption": "Rivers with her daughter Melissa during  New York Fashion Week  2012", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Joan_Rivers_and_Melissa_Rivers_during_NY_Fas_ef22d9df.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_340", "caption": "Rivers in 1967", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Joan_Rivers_-_1967.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_341", "caption": "Grave of John Christopher Stevens in Grass Valley, California", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-John_Christoper_Stevens_Grave_Stone_2013.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_342", "caption": "Statue of Payne Stewart at  Waterville  Golf Links, Ireland", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Statue_of_Payne_Stewart_at_Waterville_Golf_L_6e3cb5e8.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_343", "caption": "1910 journey to Tenerife, Schr\u00f6tter in back row, far right.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Teneriffa_1910.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_344", "caption": "Hermann von Schr\u00f6tter. 5. August 1922. Portrait gezeichnet von Hans von Schr\u00f6tter (Familienbesitz). \u00a9 B. Mader.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Austrian_physiologist_Anton_Hermann_Victor_T_c075b6b9.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_345", "caption": "Schr\u00f6tter's diagram of a pressurized cabin for gas balloons", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Hermann_von_Schroetter_Druckkabine.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_346", "caption": "Respiratory therapist in an intensive care unit", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Respiratory_therapist.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_347", "caption": "A respiratory therapist gives an immunization to a patient", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-thumbnail.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_348", "caption": "A respiratory therapist teaches students about the dangers of smoking.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-US_Navy_031204-N-0000W-001_Hospital_Corpsman_6259071e.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_349", "caption": "Anesthesia vaporizer", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Vaporizer.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_350", "caption": "CABG surgery with CPB", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Coronary_artery_bypass_surgery_Image_657C-PH_98cc3cc5.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_351", "caption": "A respiratory therapist takes a blood sample from a 3-day-old in preparation for transfer to an Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation unit", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-A_Resperatory_Therapist_treating_a_newborn_c_b4f9f06e.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_352", "caption": "A  pediatric  patient prepared for a  polysomnogram  by a respiratory therapist.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Pediatric_polysomnogram.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_353", "caption": "A premature infant on  ECMO , a form of heart/lung machine, is being transferred between hospitals", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Air_Ambulance_6516.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_354", "caption": "An acid-base diagram for human plasma, showing the effects on the plasma pH when  P CO 2  in mmHg or Standard Base Excess (SBE) occur in excess or are deficient in the plasma [ 23 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Grogono_Acid-Base-Diagram.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_355", "caption": "An intrapulmonary percussive ventilator machine", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-CFIPVmachine.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_356", "caption": "Many of today's current analytical nebulizers, as of 2017", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Analytical_Nebulizers_2017.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_357", "caption": "A teflon PFA concentric nebulizer.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-PFA_nebulizer.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_358", "caption": "A Meinhard glass concentric nebulizer.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Meinhard_nebulizer.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_359", "caption": "Dr. Virginia Apgar  co-authored a 1953 study that was critical of the device.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Virginia_Apgar.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_360", "caption": "A Both cabinet respirator being used to treat a patient at the 110th Australian Military Hospital in 1943", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/250px-Both_Cabinet_Respirator_in_WWII.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_361", "caption": "A Both respirator on display at the National Museum of Australia", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Iron_lung.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_362", "caption": "Demand valve exhalation", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Demand_valve_exhalation.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_363", "caption": "Demand valve inhalation", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Demand_valve_inhalation.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_364", "caption": "pressure-regulated volume control", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/400px-Pressure_regulated_volume_control_graphic.jp_6e9093da.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_365", "caption": "Epinephrine vial 1\u00a0mg (Adrenalin).", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Epinephrine-ampule.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_366", "caption": "Chemical formula of nitric oxide (NO) together with its molecular size (115  pm ).", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Nitric-oxide-2D.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_367", "caption": "Three-dimensional model of NO.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Nitric-oxide-3D-vdW.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_368", "caption": "An experimental setup used to measure the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in human breath samples. The subject blows into the tube (1) after a mouthpiece (2) has been connected to it. The wires on the side are part of the system that measures parameters like breath velocity, while the exhaled gas is taken to a FeNO analyzer (3).", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Exhaled_NO_experiment.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_369", "caption": "The NIOX VERO\u00ae FeNO testing device.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-NIOX_VERO%C2%AE_FeNO_testing_device.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_370", "caption": "Flonase brand nasal spray", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/90px-Flonase.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_371", "caption": "Heat and Moisture Exchanger", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Heat_and_Moisture_Exchanger.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_372", "caption": "HME, HMEF, and bacterial viral filters", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-HME%2C_HMEF%2C_and_bacterial_viral_filters.p_12660152.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_373", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Classic_Style_High_Flow_Nasal_Cannula.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_374", "caption": "", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_375", "caption": "Heliox  diving cylinder color coding : Illustration of cylinder shoulder painted in brown and white quarters", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-IMCA_Heliox_shoulder_quartered.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_376", "caption": "Illustration of cylinder shoulder painted in brown (lower) and white (upper) bands", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-IMCA_Heliox_shoulder.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_377", "caption": "Multiplace hyperbaric chambers, showing control panel, monitoring facilities, and different chamber sizes in Spanish facilities", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/400px-C%C3%A1maras_hiperb%C3%A1rica_collage.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_378", "caption": "A recompression chamber for a single diving casualty", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Hyperbaric_oxygen_therapy_1_person_chamber.j_0c443ec8.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_379", "caption": "An example of mild portable hyperbaric chamber. This 40-inch-diameter (1,000\u00a0mm) chamber is one of the larger chambers available for home.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-40%22_Mild_Hyperbaric_Chamberexternal.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_380", "caption": "Monitoring the decompression chamber during a simulated medical emergency", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/300px-US_Navy_091117-N-1291E-102_Navy_Diver_2nd_Cl_8e95ee7e.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_381", "caption": "Typical deck decompression chamber used on site for surface decompression and emergency treatment of decompression illness", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Recompression_Chamber_Display_at_No.7_East_P_4ede1643.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_382", "caption": "Bank of oxygen cylinders for recompression treatment or surface decompression", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Bater%C3%ADa_de_botellas_industriales.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_383", "caption": "Navy Divers test built-in breathing masks inside a recompression chamber.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-thumbnail.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_384", "caption": "Side view of BIBS mask supported by straps", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-BIBS_mask_side_view.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_385", "caption": "Chamber pressure gauge calibrated in msw and bar", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Man%C3%B3metro_de_la_c%C3%A1mara.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_386", "caption": "How the HTi is calculated:  Only part of the IHT session is shown, the targeted  SpO2  value is 80% as an example. The filled part of the  SpO2  graph represents the amount of hypoxia delivered, \u201cdosage\u201d.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/400px-HTi_Graph.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_387", "caption": "Depiction of the components of an incentive spirometer. The user is seated upright and holds the device in front of them. They breathe in air through the mouthpiece while watching the piston rise towards the goal marker.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/221px-Incentive_Spirometer.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_388", "caption": "Another example of an incentive spirometer", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Incentive_spirometer2.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_389", "caption": "Different types of  dry powder inhalers", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Dry_powder_inhalers.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_390", "caption": "Nebulizer  with face mask", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Nebulizer_Mask_%28Child%29.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_391", "caption": "Penetro brand inhaler from mid 20th century Mexico, part of the permanent collection of the  Museo del Objeto del Objeto", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-PenetroInhalador.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_392", "caption": "Inhaler designed by John Mudge in 1778", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Mudge_inhaler.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_393", "caption": "Mouthpiece for an inhaler designed by Dr Beigel (1867)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Beigel_mouthpiece.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_394", "caption": "Iron lung cylinder (black), patient head exposed through sealed opening. Diaphragm (yellow) mechanically extends/retracts, varying cylinder air pressure, causing patient chest to expand (inhale) (top) and contract (exhaling) (bottom)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Iron_lung_action_diagrams.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_395", "caption": "An iron lung ward, as mocked-up for a film, circa 1953", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Iron_Lung_ward-Rancho_Los_Amigos_Hospital.gi_5f5e0ed1.gif"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_396", "caption": "Iron lung from the 1950s in the  G\u00fctersloh Town Museum . In Germany, fewer than a dozen of these breathing machines are available to the public.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Museum-gt-eiserne-lunge.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_397", "caption": "A Drinker iron lung displayed at the chapel of  Netley Hospital , 2018", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Drinker_iron_lung.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_398", "caption": "Staff in a  Rhode Island  hospital examine a patient in an iron lung tank respirator during a polio epidemic in 1960.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Poumon_artificiel.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_399", "caption": "Example of a liquid ventilator (Inolivent-5 research group Inolivent,  Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke )", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Inolivent-5.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_400", "caption": "Example of the pumping cycle in a liquid ventilator (Inolivent-4, research group Inolivent,  Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke )", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-AnimInolivent.gif.gif"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_401", "caption": "Hospital staff examine a patient in an Iron lung tank respirator during the polio epidemic. The machine creates a negative pressure around the thoracic cavity, thereby causing air to rush into the lungs to equalize intrapulmonary pressure.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/262px-Poumon_artificiel.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_402", "caption": "Respiratory therapist  (RT) examining a mechanically ventilated patient in an  intensive care unit . RTs participate in the optimization of ventilation management, adjustment, and weaning.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Respiratory_therapist.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_403", "caption": "Image of endotracheal tube placement required to connect a patient's physiologic airway to the ventilator.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/245px-Endotracheal_Tube.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_404", "caption": "Carl Gunnar Engstr\u00f6m  invented in 1950 one of the first intermittent positive pressure ventilator, which delivers air straight into the lungs using an endotracheal tube placed into the windpipe.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Engstr%C3%B6m_respirator_Model_150_-_Sweden__619979a6.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_405", "caption": "3100A Oscillator", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Oscillator_3100A.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_406", "caption": "Neonatal Jet ventilator", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-VIP_Bird2.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_407", "caption": "SMART BAG MO Bag-Valve-Mask Resuscitator", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Ballon_ventilation_1.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_408", "caption": "Another form of nebulization", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Nebulizer.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_409", "caption": "A modern jet nebulizer", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Jet_nebulizer.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_410", "caption": "A vial of 0.5%  albuterol  sulfate inhalation solution for nebulizing", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Albuterol_Sulfate_%281%29.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_411", "caption": "Sales-Girons pressurized nebulizer from 1858", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/160px-Sales-Girons_%281858%29.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_412", "caption": "Dr Siegle's steam nebulizer,  Thackray Museum of Medicine [ 27 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Siegel_inhaler_antiseptic_steam_device.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_413", "caption": "Iron lung  cylinder (black), patient head exposed through sealed opening. Diaphragm (yellow) mechanically extends, and then retracts, varying cylinder air pressure and causing the patient's chest to expand (top), and then contract (bottom)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Iron_lung_action_diagrams.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_414", "caption": "The Open Source Ventilator's OpenLung project, an open source, low-resource, quick-deployment  mechanical ventilator  design utilizes a  bag valve mask  (BVM or Ambu-bag) as a core component. [ 1 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/400px-Open_source_ventilator-OpenLung-01-design.pn_961e2ae1.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_415", "caption": "Mechanics of the OpenLung ventilator", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Open_source_ventilator-OpenLung-02-mechanics_a1514a0a.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_416", "caption": "Born of urgency, numerous alternative and  open design  ventilators were developed during the COVID-19 pandemic. These cheaper alternatives shown various balances between complete reproduction of state of the art  medical ventilators  with pressure curve,  humidification ,  mechanisation ,  vitals monitoring ,  cost effectiveness , supply chain availability for parts in time of  medical shortage , ease of assembly, and other aspects.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-PVP-1_Prototype_Ventilator.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_417", "caption": "MIT E-Vent Unit 002 Setup, design by MIT [ 39 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-MIT_E-Vent_Unit_002_Setup_Image_by_MD.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_418", "caption": "A fire in an oxygen tube approaching an oxygen firebreak", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Animated_tube_fire.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_419", "caption": "A woman wearing an oxygen mask", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Simple_face_mask.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_420", "caption": "Respiratory care devices image", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Respiratory_care_devices_image_pack_A.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_421", "caption": "A  T-37  pilot wearing a mask designed for both diluter- and pressure-demand breathing", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-T-37_solo_student_pilot.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_422", "caption": "Inner view of a military aviators mask showing face seal, facepiece and inhalation valves", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/170px-Tightlysealedmask.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_423", "caption": "Emergency oxygen masks deployed", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Passenger_oxygen_mask_dsc06035.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_424", "caption": "US Navy Divers test built-in breathing masks inside a recompression chamber", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-thumbnail.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_425", "caption": "Climber wearing an oxygen mask on the summit of Everest, 2019", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D_33b051b2.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_426", "caption": "An infant placed under an oxygen tent", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/300px-Caleb_David.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_427", "caption": "Oxygen piping and regulator with flow meter, for oxygen therapy, mounted in an  ambulance", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Oxygen_piping.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_428", "caption": "Pin-indexed  Oxygen Regulator for portable D-Cylinder, usually carried in an ambulance's resuscitation kit", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-O2regulator.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_429", "caption": "High pressure gas cylinders containing oxygen to be used at home. When in use, a regulator is connected to the cylinder valve and delivers gas at a constant low pressure through a hose to a mask that fits over a person's nose and mouth.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Home_oxygen_canisters.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_430", "caption": "A home oxygen concentrator for a person with  emphysema", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Home_oxygen_concentrator.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_431", "caption": "Nasal cannula", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Nasalprongs.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_432", "caption": "Non-rebreather mask", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-NRBer.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_433", "caption": "Pin-indexed  Oxygen Regulator for portable D-Cylinder, usually carried in an ambulance's resuscitation kit", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-O2regulator.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_434", "caption": "Peak flow meter (made in USA)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Peak_flow_meter.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_435", "caption": "Normal values, shown on EU scale. [ 3 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/300px-Normal_values_for_peak_expiratory_flow_-_EU__4035e04a.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_436", "caption": "Spirometry", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-DoingSpirometry.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_437", "caption": "Thorpe oxygen flowmeter at a Canadian hospital (color-coded white)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Oxygen_piping.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_438", "caption": "Laryngoscope handles with an assortment of Miller blades (large adult, small adult, child, infant and newborn)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Laryngoscopes-Miller_blades.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_439", "caption": "Laryngoscope handle with an assortment of  Macintosh  blades (large adult, small adult, child, infant and newborn)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Macintosh_Blades.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_440", "caption": "Laryngoscopy", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Intubaci%C3%B3n_endotraqueal-8.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_441", "caption": "An endotracheal tube stylet, useful in facilitating orotracheal intubation", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Tracheal_tube_stylet.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_442", "caption": "A cuffed endotracheal tube, constructed of  polyvinyl chloride", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Sondeintubation.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_443", "caption": "A Carlens double-lumen endotracheal tube, used for  thoracic surgical  operations such as  VATS lobectomy", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Carlens.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_444", "caption": "An endotracheal tube in good position on CXR. Arrow marks the tip.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-ETtubeGoodPosition.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_445", "caption": "An endotracheal tube not deep enough. Arrow marks the tip.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-ETtubeToHigh.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_446", "caption": "Laryngoscopes prepared for emergency anaesthesia", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/400px-McCoy_Mac_Blades.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_447", "caption": "In cricothyrotomy, the incision or puncture is made through the  cricothyroid membrane  in between the  thyroid cartilage  and the  cricoid cartilage", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/375px-Larynx_external_en.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_448", "caption": "Cricothyrotomy  kit", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Kit_de_Cricothyro%C3%AFdotomie.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_449", "caption": "Diagram of a  tracheostomy tube  in the trachea:  1 -  Vocal folds  2 -  Thyroid cartilage  3 -  Cricoid cartilage  4 -  Tracheal rings  5 - Balloon cuff", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/Traqueostomia.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_450", "caption": "A  premature infant  weighing 990 grams (35 ounces), intubated and requiring  mechanical ventilation  in the  neonatal intensive-care unit", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Premature_infant_with_ventilator.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_451", "caption": "Tracheal intubation is anticipated to be difficult in this child with a massive  ameloblastoma", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Ameloblastoma2.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_452", "caption": "The laryngoscopy. From  Garc\u00eda , 1884", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Garcia-Laryngoskop.gif.gif"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_453", "caption": "A standard setup for a ventilator in a hospital room. The ventilator pushes warm, moist air (or air with increased oxygen) to the patient. Exhaled air flows away from the patient.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Ventilators.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_454", "caption": "Ventilator pressures labeled", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-Ventilator_pressures_labeled.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_455", "caption": "An East-Radcliffe respirator model from the mid-twentieth century", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/220px-East-Radcliffe_Respirator_Wellcome_L0001305._520a05a8.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_456", "caption": "Spherical meniscus with wetting angle less than 90\u00b0", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/180px-Spherical_meniscus.PNG.PNG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology$$$query_457", "caption": "Illustration of capillary rise. Red=contact angle less than 90\u00b0; blue=contact angle greater than 90\u00b0", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Pulmonology/images/180px-CapillaryAction.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_1", "caption": "Surgeon operating", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/200px-Surgeon_operating%2C_Fitzsimons_Army_Medical_9f2192d2.JPEG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_2", "caption": "Axial thoracic CT scan of a person with an Eloesser flap. Courtesy of Radiopaedia.org. From the case  https://radiopaedia.org/cases/11383", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Eloesser-flap.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_3", "caption": "Doctors at the Sklifosovsky Institute start a lung transplantation operation. The operation will last about 12 hours.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/290px-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D_b0ed9da6.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_4", "caption": "Incision scarring from a double lung transplant", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-DoubleLungTransplantScar.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_5", "caption": "Micrograph  showing  lung transplant  rejection. Lung  biopsy .  H&E stain .", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/150px-Lung_transplant_rejection_-_intermed_mag.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_6", "caption": "X-ray of a person who has had their right lung removed. Note how fluid has replaced the lung", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-PneumonectomyXray.PNG.PNG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_7", "caption": "Diagram showing the parts removed in a pneumonectomy", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Diagram_showing_the_removal_of_a_whole_lung__4d59061b.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_8", "caption": "Large saddle thromboembolus in the pulmonary arteries (white arrows)", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/300px-Saddle_thromboembolus_wArrows.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_9", "caption": "Dissection of the right superior  pulmonary vein  with VATS", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Right_upper_lobe_vein_dissection.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_10", "caption": "Dissection of the anterior trunk of the right  pulmonary artery  with VATS", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Anterior_trunk_artery_dissection.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_11", "caption": "Preparing to divide the anterior trunk of the right  pulmonary artery  with the endoscopic stapler", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Stapler_anterior_trunk.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_12", "caption": "Placing the resected lobe into a water-tight bag for removal from the chest", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Specimen_into_bag.JPG.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_13", "caption": "Views during a VATS lobectomy procedure", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-VATS_07.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_14", "caption": "Blalock\u2013Thomas\u2013Taussig shunt \u2013 A) original procedure \u2013 B) modified procedure", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Blalock_shuntWiki.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_15", "caption": "Portable electronic system", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-P4053296_logo.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_16", "caption": "Left-sided pneumothorax (right side of image) on CT scan of the chest with chest tube in place.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Pneumothorax_CT.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_17", "caption": "Size of chest tube:  Adult male = 28\u201332  Fr Pp Adult female = 28 Fr  Child = 18 Fr  Newborn = 12\u201314 Fr   [ 15 ]", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Dreno_tor%C3%A1cico_tubular_multiperfurado.J_15957310.JPG"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_18", "caption": "Chest tube drainage holes", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Chest_Tube_Drainage_Holes.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_19", "caption": "Portable electronic system", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-P4053296_logo.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_20", "caption": "Chest tube drainage system diagram, with parts labeled in", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Labelled_chest_tube_drainage_system.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_21", "caption": "A custom made operating thoracoscope, used for the endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy procedure.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Custom_made_operating_thoracoscope_for_endos_4ffebf81.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_22", "caption": "A thermal image of an ETS patient 2 years after surgery.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/300px-Songboythermal.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_23", "caption": "Gas exchange in the alveolus", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Gas_exchange_in_the_aveolus.svg.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_24", "caption": "Atelectasis: normal vs. blocked bronchiole", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/245px-Atelectasis.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_25", "caption": "Pulmonary oedema", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/142px-Respiratory_system_-_Pulmonary_edema_--_Smar_a54c4543.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_26", "caption": "Bronchoscopy in action", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/170px-Bronchoscopy_nci-vol-1950-300.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_27", "caption": "Coronal CT image in a 19-year-old patient with tricuspid atresia treated with bidirectional Glenn shunt and Fontan.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-CT_of_Glenn_shunt_and_Fontan_in_tricuspid_at_744732a5.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_28", "caption": "Plastic bronchitis", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Plastic_bronchitis_casts.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_29", "caption": "Francis Fontan (left) and Guillermo Kreutzer (right) in 2009", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Photo_Dr._Fontan_and_Dr._Kreutzer.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_30", "caption": "Example of a median sternotomy on a young adult male, around 72 hours following the procedure", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-Median_Sternotomy_Example.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_31", "caption": "Iatrogenic hemothorax resulting from the Nuss procedure. A showing no hemothorax, b showing hemothorax, and c showing resolution after treatment.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/220px-PMC3930902_1749-8090-9-15-2.png.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_32", "caption": "Visual scale for the quantification of hyperhidrosis", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/lossless-page1-310px-Visual_scale_for_the_quantifi_c7fe00eb.png"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_33", "caption": "Gross anatomy of the lungs. Note the five lung lobes divided by the three lung fissures and the main, lobar and segmental bronchi.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/311px-2312_Gross_Anatomy_of_the_Lungs.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_34", "caption": "The mechanical arm module of a surgical robot.", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/328px-New_Da_Vinci_Xi.jpg.jpg"}
{"_id": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery$$$query_35", "caption": "STS Logo", "image_path": "WikiPedia_Thoracic_surgery/images/STS_Logo_Icon_2017.png.png"}