CABG surgery with CPB


Assembled CPB circuit ready to use


Cardiac Anesthesiologists performing diagnostic intraoperative TEE in a case of sudden  cardiac arrest  during hysterectomy


Three coronary artery bypass grafts, a  pedicled  LITA to LAD and two  saphenous vein  grafts – one to the right coronary artery system and one to the obtuse marginal system.


With a  coronary angiography , stenotic lesions of the  coronary arteries  are identified.


Illustration of a typical coronary artery bypass surgery. A vein from the leg is removed and grafted to the coronary artery to bypass a blockage at LAD.


Coronary artery bypass surgery during mobilization (freeing) of the  right coronary artery  from its surrounding  adipose tissue  (yellow). The tube visible at the bottom is the  aortic cannula , which returns blood from the  heart–lung machine . The tube above it (obscured by the  surgeon  on the right) is the  venous cannula , which receives blood from the body. The patient's  heart  is stopped and the  aorta  is cross-clamped. The patient's head (not seen) is at the bottom.


René Gerónimo Favaloro  was an Argentine  cardiac surgeon  and educator best known for his pioneering work on coronary artery bypass surgery using the  great saphenous vein . [ 49 ]


Top view of a fresh decellularized, non-seeded, aortic homograft with three pliable cusps.


Coronal CT image in a 19-year-old patient with tricuspid atresia treated with bidirectional Glenn shunt and Fontan.


Plastic bronchitis


Francis Fontan (left) and Guillermo Kreutzer (right) in 2009


Griffith during a transplant operation


A beating heart awaiting transplant


From left to right: Fluid jetting from the left atrium through the mitral valve into the left ventricle, fluid creating a vortex near the apex in the left ventricle, and fluid being redirected out of the left ventricle through the aortic valve.


Norwood procedure


A  perfusionist  in front of a  heart–lung machine  (upper right) early in a  coronary artery bypass surgery


Perfusionist operating a modern heart–lung machine


Cardiopulmonary bypass machine


Hematocrit


Erythropoietin


Diagram of the human heart


Schematic representation of d-TGA


Gross pathology of a normal brain and a brain of a patient treated with methylene blue before death in a case of vasoplegic syndrome.


A  surgeon  operating.


An abscess


A naturally drained abscess


Ultrasound image showing an  abscess, appearing as a mushroom-shaped dark (hypoechoic) area within the fibroglandular tissue of the breast


Abscess five days after incision and drainage


Abscess following  curettage


Four incisions for an appendectomy, corresponding to the order listed.


Hasson Entry: The two red lines mark the sites of the 5mm laparoscopic ports. The blue line above the umbilicus marks the site of the camera port


Surgeons perform a laparoscopic appendectomy.


Wound healing - ten days after a laparoscopic appendectomy


Inflamed appendix removal


Laparoscopic-assisted transumbilical appendectomy scar on a pediatric patient. Anesthetic result one month after surgery.


Scar and bruise 2 days after operation


Scar 10 days after operation


An appendectomy at the French Hospital in  Tbilisi, Georgia , 1919


Location of  McBurney's point  (1), located two thirds the distance from the umbilicus (2) to the right anterior superior iliac spine (3)


Location of the appendix in the  digestive system


3D model of appendicitis.


CT scan showing acute appendicitis


An  ultrasound  image of acute appendicitis in December 2008


A CT scan demonstrating acute appendicitis (note the appendix has a diameter of 17.1 mm and there is surrounding fat stranding)


A  fecalith  marked by the arrow that has resulted in acute appendicitis.


Appendicolith as seen on plain X-ray


Coronal   CT scan  of a person initially suspected of having appendicitis because of right-sided pain. The CT shows in fact an enlarged  inflamed gallbladder  that reaches the right lower part of the abdomen.


Inflamed appendix removal by open surgery


Laparoscopic appendectomy.


Laparoscopic view of a phlegmonous cecal appendix with fibrinous plaques, located in the right iliac fossa.


The  stitches  the day after having the appendix removed by laparoscopic surgery


Appendicitis deaths per million persons in 2012       0      1      2      3      4      5–7      8–11      12–33      34–77


Disability-adjusted life year  for appendicitis per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004. [ 105 ]        no data      less than 2.5      2.5–5      5–7.5      7.5–10      10–12.5      12.5–15      15–17.5      17.5–20      20–22.5      22.5–25      25–27.5      more than 27.5


A small bowel obstruction as seen on CT


Average inner diameters and ranges of different sections of the large intestine. [ 15 ]


Upright abdominal X-ray demonstrating a small bowel obstruction. Note multiple air fluid levels.


Upright abdominal X-ray of a person with a large bowel obstruction showing multiple air fluid levels and dilated loops of bowel


Meckel's diverticulum surgical specimen


Technetium-99m Pertechnetate Scan with a Meckel's Diverticulum.


Angiography of a Meckel's diverticulum that presented with bleeding.


Site of tubo ovarian abscess, a type of pelvic abscess in females