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redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The main result of this paper demonstrates that the interpolation theorem fails in the
intuitionistic logic of constant domains.
This shows that two previously published proofs of
the interpolation property are incorrect.
The model theory for the intuitionistic logic of constant domains
() was proposed... | 7,844 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Multifield inflation models gathered a lot of attention recently, motivated by both top-down and bottom-up concerns. Many people suggested that slowroll inflation can happen at an environment where more than one fields are dynamically important, based on UV considerations like supersymmetry and some speci... | 3,202 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Supplemental material
In the following formulas we have followed the convention of using hats for many-body operators, e.g. U , and tildes for one-particle operators, e.g. . A many-body operator B can be obtained from a one-particle operator B as
Exact Diagonalization
Block diagonalization
The Exact Diagonalization... | 5,946 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Ground-based spectroscopic observations
began at once with the launch of the CoRoT satellite.
They involve several high-resolution \'echelle spectrographs: FEROS and
HARPS at ESO-La Silla (Chile), FOCES at Calar Alto (Spain), SOPHIE at the
Observatoire Haute Provence (France), FIES at NOT and HERMES at ... | 1,480 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Early-type galaxies do not fill the full three dimensional space
defined by size, central velocity dispersion and surface brightness
(usually evaluated at the half light radius). Rather, they define
a relatively thin manifold which has come to be called the
Fundamental Plane (e.g. Djorgovski \& Davis ... | 10,354 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
We consider the fourth order nonlinear
Schr\"odinger type equation (4NLS)
on the torus T= R/2 Z :
\
.
where _t=/ t , _x=/ x ,
: R T C is an unknown
function, and : T C is a given
function. The nonlinear term N
is given by
N(,,
,
_x^2,_x^2)
&=&
_1||^2+_2||^4
+_3(_x)^2
+_4|_x|^2
& &+_5^2_x^2
... | 11,849 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
In , Bruhn, Diestel, Kriesell, Pendavingh and Wollan introduced axioms for infinite matroids
in terms of independent sets, bases, circuits, closure and (relative) rank.
These axioms allow for duality of infinite matroids as known from finite matroid theory, which settled an old problem of Rado.
U... | 337 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Consider the Lane-Emden problem
where >0, ^N is a bounded and smooth
domain, N2, _pu:=div(
u ^p-2 u) is the p -Laplacian operator with
p>1, and 1<q<p^, with p^ denoting the Sobolev critical
exponent defined by p^=Np/( N-p) , if 1<p<N, and
p^=, if p N.
If q=p , we have the p -Laplacian ... | 9,289 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
In evaluating the recently proposed parallel algorithm based on Strassen's matrix multiplication and comparing the communication costs to the known lower bounds , we found a gap between the upper and lower bounds for certain problem sizes. The main motivation of this work is to close this gap by tightenin... | 3,085 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Euclid's theorem on the infinitude of primes
Primes and the infinitude of primes
A prime number (or briefly in the sequel, a prime) is an
integer greater than 1 that is divisible only by 1 and itself.
Starting from the beginning, prime numbers have always
been around but the concepts and uniqueness w... | 23,477 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Cataclysmic variables (CVs) are currently believed
to be close binary systems at a late evolutionary stage
(Warner 1995). As a rule, CVs consist of a more
massive white dwarf (WD) (primary) and a less massive
red dwarf (secondary). The secondary overfills its
Roche lobe, causing mass transfer to the prima... | 7,445 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The study of the quark-mass dependence of hadron masses is of great importance to unravel the intricate QCD
dynamics at low energies. It provides a bridge between effective field theory approaches and lattice
simulations. By now, various unquenched three flavor simulations for the pion-mass dependence of ... | 4,630 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Extragalactic jets have been observed on many physical scales and they
often extend to distances of hundreds of kiloparsec from the nucleus
. Although radio jets have been known for several decades, only
the Chandra X-ray Observatory observations have revealed their
X-ray emission on large scales [see f... | 14,319 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The numerical methods for solid state physics span a wide range of techniques
which aim to provide approximate solutions
to the problem of many body interactions in correlated systems; the exact solution being unknown.
Between these techniques some of the
most notables are: the DMF theory, which uses ... | 5,863 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
For k,l N a graph or multigraph G=(V,E) is (k,l) -tight if |E|=k|V|-l and for every subgraph G'=(V',E') |E'| k|V'|-l .
It is well known that the edge sets of such multigraphs induce matroids when l<2k , , we denote these matroids as
M(k,l) . These graphs can be decomposed into unions of trees and map g... | 12,502 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The ring of symmetric functions and the ring of quasisymmetric
functions both play important roles in algebra and
combinatorics. Much of the combinatorial richness arising from these
rings stems from their various distinguished bases and the relationships
between these bases. The goal of this paper is to ... | 20,444 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Faddeev calculations of nucleon-deuteron (Nd) scattering with a
three-nucleon
force (3NF) have been
performed for many years.
Modern nucleon-nucleon potential stem from the chiral effective
field theory.
This theory gives us also various 3NFs but for many years
numerous calculations were performed
wi... | 3,089 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Preface
This text has resulted from our participation in the
XXXth Workshop on Geometric Methods in Physics held in
Biaowie\.za in summer 2011. Part of this conference was a
special Berezin Memorial Session: Representations, Quantization and
Supergeometry. F. A. Berezin, who died untimely in 1980 in a water
accident ... | 14,304 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Bille and Grtz recently introduced the problem of substring range reporting, for which we are asked to store compactly a string S of n characters with integer labels in [0, u] , such that later, given an interval [a, b] and a pattern P of length m , we can quickly report the occurrences of P whose firs... | 4,416 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
footnotefootnote0
Recently, much attention has been devoted to the study of a
non--supersymmetric background (first
described by Kachru, Pearson and Verlinde )
obtained by adding p anti--D3 branes to the Klebanov--Strassler
solution .
This configuration is expected to be
metastable and to describe a me... | 4,442 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction: Types, Compositionality, and Termination
While basic types like integer, floating-point number,
and memory address arise on the machine-level of most current
computers, higher types like function and tuple types are abstractions
that classify values. Higher types serve to guarantee certain good
program b... | 4,999 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Effective medium model
The MEMM is based upon two approximations. The first approximation is to consider the rough layer as an effective medium whose optical properties result from the mixing of voids (vacuum or air) and the material comprising the solid. This effective medium approximation (EMA) has been used suc... | 4,769 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
An edge-colored graph is rainbow if all its edges have distinct colors. The rainbow Tur\'an problem, first introduced by Keevash, Mubayi, Sudakov and
Verstra\"ete , asks the following question: given a fixed graph H , what is the maximum
number of edges in a properly edge-colored graph G on n vertic... | 9,335 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Electronic transport through molecular nanojunctions exhibits many important
new features in comparison with conduction through macroscopic
systems such as bulk or thin layers of semi-conducting molecular crystals as used
in conventional molecular electronics.
In particular, local interactions, such as C... | 9,843 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Witnessing infinite-dimensionality?
Standard quantum field theory posits that the state space of a quantum field---i.e., Fock space---is a Hilbert space of countably infinite dimension. On the other hand, modern quantum information theory concerns itself mostly with state spaces of finite dimension. One reason for thi... | 2,578 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Pure Non-Abelian Zeta Functions
Non-Abelian zeta functions for function fields were introduced in [W1] about 10 years ago.
However, due to the lack of the Riemann Hypothesis, we have faced some essential difficulties.
Recently, with an old paper of Drinfeld ([D]) on counting rank two cuspidal Q_l -representations
f... | 12,588 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction: Inventory Pooling Problem
In this paper, we study the inventory pooling problem using the classic newsvendor framework. The newsvendor problem occurs when for a given item,
the inventory level is decided before the realization of its demand. Therefore the optimal inventory level needs to be decided based... | 6,645 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
In 1965, Serre proved the following theorem about intersection multiplicities:
Let A be a regular local ring either containing a field or unramified over a discrete valuation ring, and let M and N be finitely generated A -modules with l(M N) < . Then, writing
(M, N) = _i=0^ A (-1)^i l(_i(M, N)),
we hav... | 6,541 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
String theory is most often cited as the best candidate for the big TOE, the all encompassing theory of everything. Although there are many physicists who are quite outspoken sceptics of that claim, I think nobody can refute the fact that string theory is a veritable theory of everything in a slightly dif... | 7,201 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | The ANTARES Neutrino Telescope
Several astrophysical objects both Galactic and extra-galactic have
been proposed as sites of acceleration of protons and nuclei, but no
conclusive experimental evidence has been obtained yet. The decays of
mesons produced by the interactions of protons and nuclei with matter
or ... | 2,120 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Starting in 1998 a new optimization theory called the ``triality
theory'' has been the object of intense studies (see e.g.
and the references within) while numerous
applications of this theory have been published in prestigious
journals throughout the literature. This triality theory promises
fr... | 7,662 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
In this paper we show that the renormalized mass of the electron, taking into account radiative corrections due to its interaction with the quantized electromagnetic field, and the kinematic mass appearing in its response to a slowly varying external potential force are identical. Our analysis is carried ... | 11,595 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Conductance measurements through molecular junctions have been at the forefront of nanoscale research for over a decade . This work is motivated by the potential for fabrication of molecular-based electronic circuit elements and, perhaps more so, discrepancies in the experimentally and theoretically repor... | 7,828 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
It was 46 years ago that Arnold discovered an amazing link between Euler's equation for
incompressible non-viscous fluid flow and geodesics in the group of volume preserving
diffeomorphisms SDiff( R^n) under the L^2 -metric . One goal in this paper
is to extend his ideas to a large class of Riemannian ... | 14,814 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Maxwell's equations for electromagnetic waves in Kerr nonlinear
dielectric materials read
for the electric field\/ , magnetic field\/ ,
the electric displacement field\/ with the
constitutive relations
E:constit_rel-1
&= _0 (n^2+_NL),
_NL,i
&= _j,l,m=1^3 _ijlm^(3)_j_l_m
i=1,2,3.
_0, _... | 12,546 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Green or energy efficient wireless communications have drawn increasing attention these days. This is because of not only the exponential traffic growth with the
popularity of smart phones but also the limited energy source with ever higher prices. In order to achieve the most efficient energy usage ... | 9,627 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Virtual knot theory was proposed by Louis H. Kauffman in [2]. Classical knot theory studies the embeddings of circles in thickened S^2 , as a generalization of classical knot theory, virtual knot theory studies the stabilized embeddings of circles in thickened surfaces of arbitrary genus. Another motiva... | 6,117 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The most generic theory propagating a massless spin-2 and a scalar degree of freedom is not
General Relativity minimally coupled to a scalar field (GRM).
Indeed, Horndeski proved that tensor-scalar theories with only second order differential
equations are not restricted to GRM. Up to quadratic terms i... | 8,059 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Disordered plasmonic films obtained by evaporating noble metals on a substrate are known to exhibit unusual optical properties .
Close to the percolation threshold, metallic clusters with fractal perimeters leads to the emergence of subwavelength areas supporting enhanced electric field, commonly called ... | 3,173 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
In magnetic cataclysmic binaries, the magnetic field of the white dwarf is
strong enough to channel the accreting matter along the field lines from the
magnetosphere.
Material thus falls down close to the polar caps, along an accretion column
or curtain.
Two main categories are distinguished: the syn... | 4,839 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The Lambda Cold Dark Matter model ( CDM) is the standard tool describing the evolution of the universe .
Quantum fluctuations in the primordial energy distribution develop into the condensing matter and trigger gravitational instabilities.
Dark matter clumps in filaments and protohaloes, and subsequently ... | 8,736 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | #1
#1
[1]
#1
#1
[1]
[2]#1#2
[2] d#1 d#2
[2] d^2#1 d#2^2
Tr Tr
[1] 10^#1
RR
DD
BB
BB
AA
KK
CC
LL
MM
ZZ
PP
QQ
NN
[1]#1
[1]||#1||
[1]Arg #1
L
L_-
hh
[1]#1
[1]cov(#1)
optcovoptcov
N_regionsN_regions
T_REPT_REP
divdiv
k_k_
gram\_schmidt gram\_schmidt
infarn\_exp infarn\_exp
[2]atan #1#2
prop[theorem]Propositio... | 10,926 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Colloidal dispersions consist of particles of mesoscopic size dispersed in a fluid solvent, a definition that embraces a huge variety of natural and synthetic substances. Milk, blood, viruses, paints, cosmetics and even radioactive waste are all colloidal, in that they are made up of some continuous backg... | 4,412 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
There are a number of exciting areas of astrophysical research that could benefit from accurate, precise, high time- or angular-resolution photometry in crowded fields. For instance, the search for Earth-mass exoplanets in gravitational microlensing events calls for photometry with a precision of order 1-... | 7,510 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Symmetry is a general phenomenon in the natural world, but it is
widely used in the study of mathematics and mechanics. The reduction
theory for mechanical system with symmetry has its origin in the
classical work of Euler, Lagrange, Hamilton, Jacobi, Routh,
Liouville and Poincar\'e and its modern... | 30,610 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
It has been realized since the pioneering work of
that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) located at the centers of
galaxies assemble their mass predominantly through accretion, an inference that
has been further reinforced from considerations of the cosmic X-ray background
(). However, how SMBHs are fu... | 9,164 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
According to observations, the observable universe experiences an
accelerating expansion at late times . There are two major
ways to
explain such a behavior, apart from the simple
consideration of a cosmological constant. The first is to modify the
gravitational sector itself (see for a review an... | 8,224 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The issue of cooperation among firms in oligopolistic markets constantly attracts the interest of economists.
Traditionally, the majority of works that analyze this issue is based on non-cooperative games,
as agreements among firms are often non-enforceable by any outside entity, such as a court.
If howev... | 9,177 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Clusters of galaxies are filled with hot and tenuous plasma, the intracluster medium (ICM), the detailed properties of which governs such important physics as heat and momentum transport, magnetogenesis, and thermodynamic stability. These properties are complicated by the fact that the ICM is only weakly ... | 17,772 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
When studying invariant polynomials of matroids, much attention is given to the Tutte polynomial. Much of other polynomials associated to graphs, arrangements, linear codes and matroids turn out to be an evaluation of the Tutte polynomial, or define the Tutte polynomial. Sometimes the polynomials and the ... | 6,092 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The solar magnetic cycle is now very well observed. On the Sun, the distribution of solar spots is known to vary over an 11-year cycle. The latitudes at which spots emerge as a function of time gives rise to the well-known ``butterfly diagram". This diagram shows that at the beginning of a solar cycle the... | 3,644 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
^a Departament de F\'sica Fonamental, Facultat de F\'sica,
Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
E-mail: gfranzese@ub.edu
^b Center for BioNano Interactions (CBNI),
University College of Dublin, Ireland.
E-mail: Kenneth.A.Dawson@cbni.ucd.ie
When nanoparticles are in contact ... | 8,848 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Let be the standard symplectic form
= _j=1^n dp_j dq_j
on ^2n , the standard Euclidean space endowed with coordinates (p_1,q_1,,p_n,q_n) . The nonsqueezing theorem of Gromov states that no symplectic diffeomorphism (i.e.\ diffeomorphism which preserves ) can map the 2n -dimensional ball B_R of radius... | 15,736 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Preface
roman
These notes were used in a short graduate course on branching processes
the author gave in Beijing Normal University. The following main topics
are covered: scaling limits of Galton--Watson processes, continuous-state
branching processes, extinction probabilities, conditional limit theo... | 33,044 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The correlation functions of a full rational conformal field theory are strongly
constrained by consistency requirements: the locality, modular invariance and
factorization (or sewing) constraints. Indeed, as has been shown in ,
for any solution to the sewing constraints (with nondegenerate closed ... | 24,592 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Core-collapse supernovae (SNe) are
triggered by massive stars at the end of their lives.
Thanks to the high luminosity,
SNe can be detected in distant galaxies.
By measuring the cosmic occurrence rate of core-collapse SNe,
one can study the overall formation rate of the
massive star population through... | 8,776 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
This small note grows out of our efforts to understand the
spectacular work of Ogus-Vologodsky (see for
the logarithmic analogue) on the nonabelian Hodge theory in
characteristic p . Let k be an algebraically closed field of
positive characteristic p , and X a smooth variety over k which
admits a W... | 12,186 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The study of non-Markovian quantum open system attracts increasing attention nowadays. There are two reasons for the interest.
On the one hand, the popular Markovian approximation which neglects the memory effects of the environment is not sufficient
for the recent progress in many fields,
such as qu... | 3,439 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
A unicellular map is a connected graph embedded in a surface in such a
way that the complement of the graph is a topological disk.
These objects have appeared frequently in combinatorics in the last forty
years, in relation with the general theory of map enumeration, but also with
the representation theor... | 17,536 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Wind represents one of the most popular renewable energy. Through wind turbines it is possible to transform kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy that we use, daily, in our applications. The rotor of the wind turbines captures the kinetic energy of the mass of air that transient into its area,... | 4,239 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Supplementary Material
Figure shows the equilibration data of the magnetic Binder cumulant, using the stochastic series expansion (SSE) quantum Monte Carlo with parallel tempering (PT), near the ferromagnetic transition for L=6 . Each data point is obtained by first equilibrating for a given number of sweeps ( N_ sw) ... | 185 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
In static analysis of databases as in software verification, we frequently find the need of reasoning with infinite alphabets. In program verification one may need to decide statically whether a program satisfies some given specification; and the necessity of dealing with infinite alphabets can arise from... | 28,782 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Large dimensional random matrices are of much interest in statistics, where they play a role in multivariate analysis. In his seminal paper, Wigner proved that the spectral measure of a wide class of symmetric random matrices of dimension N converges, as N , to the semicircle law. Much work has since been... | 13,875 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence constitutes one of the most important unresolved problems in classical physics.
Magnetohydrodynamics provides the simplest theoretical framework in which we can develop our understanding of magnetised plasma turbulence, which itself forms the foundation for a vast array of a... | 5,641 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The most important rule of power systems is that demand and generation should be balanced at all times. In order to fit into the secure operational framework of today's power grid, generators need to be able to forecast and control their output power for the next day and commit to generating the amount of... | 9,340 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
In the Fedosov formalism of deformation quantization of endomorphism bundle has been considered as a tool for building geometric noncommutative field theories. Roughly speaking, the main result of states that the theory of Seiberg-Witten map is (more or less) equivalent to a deformation quantization of en... | 3,164 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Interaction effects are expected to be
important for the physics of bilayer graphene and may cause
a formation of correlated many-body phases.
This needs to be contrasted to intrinsic monolayer graphene in which a vanishing
density of states at the Dirac points suppresses the influence of electronic corre... | 7,910 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Main Result
Introduction
In cryptography, the cipher of a cryptosystem sometimes can be transformed into a system of equations.
Solving a set of multivariate polynomial equations (nonlinear and randomly chosen) over a finite field is an NP-hard problem . Based on which,
Albrecht et al. constructed a Polly... | 14,541 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
In 1993, Betke, Henk, and Wills conjectured that the lattice-point enumerator of 0 -symmetric convex bodies accepts a similar
upper bound as its volume, which is described by Minkowski's second theorem on successive minima, namely
where K^d is a convex body, symmetric about the origin, a lattice, T the ... | 4,012 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Solitary waves and solitons (i.e., solitary waves whose shape and speed remain unchanged even after collisions) are encountered in systems as diverse as classical water waves , magnetic materials
, fiber-optic communication , and Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) .
Rooted in the nonlinearity of the system... | 17,042 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The light curves of Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) can be interpreted to give remarkably accurate distances to galaxies out to redshifts of order unity . The useful reach of SNIa extends well beyond the domain of suspected velocity perturbations to the cosmic expansion so provides the best means currently avai... | 5,409 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Chemotaxis denotes the directed movement of a cell species towards the gradient of a chemical. It is an important mechanism in biology and was discovered, for instance, in the context of stem cells and neurons. For the biological background on chemotaxis we refer to . Chemotactic behaviour can be modelled... | 14,930 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Let M^n be an oriented closed n -manifold,
and :TM^n E a homomorphism between the tangent bundle
TM^n and an oriented vector bundle E of rank n on M^n .
Suppose that allows only generic corank one singularities,
namely it has only A_k -singularities.
When n=2m is an even number,
the Euler characteri... | 12,660 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
An interface between two nonlinear periodic media in the n- dimensional nonlinear Schr\"odinger model can act as a waveguide so that localized solutions, so called surface gap solitons (SGS), exist as shown analytically in . Experimentally such waveguiding has been demonstrated in nonlinear photonic c... | 5,735 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Very massive stars are of considerable astrophysical interest given
their role in driving galactic evolution via the copious production of
ionising radiation and the deposition of chemically processed material
and mechanical energy into the interstellar medium. They are thought
to be the progenitors of Ty... | 14,334 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Observations of Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) , cosmic microwave background (CMB) and large scale structure
(LSS) have complementarily established the present acceleration of the universe expansion. Within the framework of the general relativity, a
consistent picture has indicated that nearly three quar... | 3,995 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Isogenies play a crucial role in the theory and application of elliptic curves.
A standard method for identifying (and computing) isogenies uses the classical modular polynomial _[X,Y] , which parameterizes pairs of -isogenous elliptic curves in terms of their j -invariants. More precisely,
over a field F... | 13,293 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Let (X,d) be a metric space, and consider a subset
T=\t_:\ of X that is parametrized by a bounded subset
of R^d . Roughly speaking, we are interested in the
following question: can T be viewed as a finite-dimensional
subset of X ? It is certainly tempting to think so, as the parameter
set is finite... | 16,288 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Almost eighty years after the proposal by Baade \& Zwicky that
(core-collapse) supernovae represent the transition of an ordinary
massive star into a neutron star , we still
lack a complete understanding of this phenomenon. In particular, we do
not know with certitude how the supernova mechanism operates ... | 17,076 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Statistically reasonable models of social and economic systems, first of all
stochastic and agent-based, are of great interest for a wide scientific community of interdisciplinary researchers dealing with diversity
of complex systems .
Computer modeling is one of the key aspects of modern science, be it
p... | 10,926 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
In this paper we compare two mathematical constructions applied to
modal algebras. The first is the MacNeille completion, which is an
order-theoretic generalization of the construction of the reals from
the rationals using Dedekind cuts . It has been
applied in logic to e.g. prove the completeness of pred... | 2,503 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
We introduce a new set of problems centered on pattern matching in multiple streaming
texts. In this model, one symbol arrives at a time and is added to the tail
of exactly one of s streaming texts. The task at each time step is to
report if there is a new match between a fixed pattern P of length
m and ... | 7,444 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The idea that the Universe is homogeneous, isotropic and that space-time is Lorentz invariant are important pillars of theoretical physics. Whereas the cosmological principal assumes the Universe to be homogeneous and isotropic, Lorentz invariance is required to be a symmetry of any relativistic quantum f... | 7,109 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Macdonald superpolynomials and related positivity conjectures
A candidate for the superspace extension of the Macdonald polynomials -- Macdonald superpolynomials for short -- has been obtained in .
Such an extension involves the anticommuting variables _1,_2, (with
_i^2=0 ) as well as the usual commuti... | 16,744 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
intro
Quasi-local twisted TBA
quasi
Hierarchy of B\"acklund transformations and analyticity strips
Backlund
NLIE variables and functional equations
NLIEfun
Asymptotic solution of the B\"acklund hierarchy
ASY
The horizontal SU (2) problem
horizont
... | 130 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
In process theory it has become a standard practice to describe
behavioural semantics in terms of equivalences or preorders. A wealth
of such relations has been classified by van Glabbeek in his linear
time/branching time spectrum . Branching-time behavioural
semantics are often defined as largest fixed p... | 5,649 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Probabilistic data analysis---including Bayesian inference---has
transformed scientific research in the past decade. Many of the most
significant gains have come from numerical methods for approximate
inference, especially Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). For example,
many problems in cosmology and astrop... | 5,560 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Recently, the topological Abelian BF theory coupled to external fields has attracted attention as an effective description of topological insulators in 3D and 4D . This topological theory can be seen as a long distance limit of the Maxwell-BF (MBF) theory. The MBF model generalizes for arbitrary dim... | 3,907 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The prevalence of large black holes at the centers of galaxies
[e.g.,][]richstoneetal98 and their role as the central engines
of active galactic nuclei [AGNs; e.g.,][]rees84 has been well
appreciated. The possibility of co\"evolution of black holes and
their host galaxies, particularly through self-regula... | 10,530 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Shapley's model of finite stochastic games
is a classical model of game theory describing two-player zero-sum
games of (potentially) infinite duration. Such a game
is given by a finite set of positions 1, , N , with a m_k
n_k reward
matrix (a_ij^k) associated to each position k , and an m_k n_k ... | 23,749 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) providers like Amazon , Rackspace and Go-grid provide computing and other services on demand and charge based on usage. This has resulted in the commoditization of computing and storage. Typically, these providers provide service level agreements (SLA) where they guara... | 7,852 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Many programming or logical languages allow constructions which bind
variables and this higher-order feature causes much trouble in the
formulation, the understanding and the formalization of the theory of
these languages. For instance, there is no universally accepted
discipline for such formalizations: ... | 5,066 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Service-oriented architecture in WSNs makes
it possible to rapidly develop new applications. In a
service-oriented WSN, a typical application requires several
different services, e.g., data aggregation, data processing,
decoding, which are provided by service providers that are also
sensors. The ta... | 4,935 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Let _+ denote the set of (strictly) positive natural numbers.
For m_+ , ^m , and x^m ,
let x_i denote component i of x ,
let
! = _1!_m! ,
n = (n_1,,n_m) ,
x^ = x_1^_1 x_m^_m ,
and ^ = _1^_1 _m^_m ,
where _j is partial differentiation with respect to coordinate j .
For a domain ^m (an open connected s... | 3,691 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | INTRODUCTION
Hawking and showed in
their seminal works that a black hole (BH) should slowly radiate away energy
with its characteristic temperature and entropy. But the semi-classical
picture of the Hawking radiation has a thermal nature, which poses a
fundamental physical problem. Because, when the material e... | 4,340 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Let X be a smooth complex projective variety and _X(1) be an ample invertible sheaf on X . We consider the moduli of (isomorphism classes of) complexes of sheaves on X , or equivalently moduli of Q -sheaves over X where Q is the quiver
arrow arrow arrow arrow arrow arrow arrow arrow
with relations impos... | 20,464 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
The study of minor-closed classes of graphs has a long history, starting with Wagner's characterization of planar graphs as those graphs with no K_5 or K_3,3 minor, and Hall's study
of the minor-closed class that arises by
excluding K_3,3 .
Numerous authors have studied minor-closed classes of graphs d... | 8,857 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
DDSCAT is a software package to calculate scattering and
absorption of electromagnetic waves by targets with arbitrary geometries
using the ``discrete dipole approximation'' (DDA).
In this approximation the target is replaced by an array of point dipoles
(or, more precisely, polarizable points); the elect... | 53,725 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Let A denote the class of functions of the form
which are analytic in the unit disc U:=\z:|z|<1\.
Further let S denote the subclass of A consisting of univalent functions. Assume that is an analytic
function with positive real part in the unit disc U with (0)=1 and '(0)>0 , which
maps the unit d... | 5,316 | academic |
redpajama_arxiv | 2,012 | Introduction
Graphene is a monolayer of one atom thick with fascinating carrier transport properties. Especially, its high current density and high carrier mobility of 44000 cm^2V^-1s^-1 . But attempts to utilize these unique properties in graphene devices is posing some difficulties. The limitation is probably due ... | 2,728 | academic |
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