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- ---
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- language: en
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- license: cc-by-4.0
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- task_categories:
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- - multiple-choice
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- - question-answering
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- size_categories:
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- - 10K<n<100K
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- pretty_name: FinDeepForecast-Historical-US
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- tags:
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- - finance
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- - economics
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- - macro
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- - forecasting
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- - federal-reserve
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- - time-series
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- - benchmark
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- configs:
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- - config_name: default
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- data_files:
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- - split: "1999"
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- path: "data/1999-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2000"
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- path: "data/2000-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2001"
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- path: "data/2001-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2002"
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- path: "data/2002-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2003"
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- path: "data/2003-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2004"
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- path: "data/2004-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2005"
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- path: "data/2005-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2006"
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- path: "data/2006-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2007"
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- path: "data/2007-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2008"
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- path: "data/2008-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2009"
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- path: "data/2009-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2010"
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- path: "data/2010-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2011"
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- path: "data/2011-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2012"
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- path: "data/2012-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2013"
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- path: "data/2013-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2014"
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- path: "data/2014-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2015"
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- path: "data/2015-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2016"
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- path: "data/2016-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2017"
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- path: "data/2017-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2018"
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- path: "data/2018-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2019"
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- path: "data/2019-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2020"
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- path: "data/2020-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2021"
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- path: "data/2021-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2022"
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- path: "data/2022-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2023"
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- path: "data/2023-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2024"
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- path: "data/2024-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2025"
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- path: "data/2025-*.parquet"
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- - split: "2026"
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- path: "data/2026-*.parquet"
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- ---
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-
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- # FinDeepForecast-Historical-US
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-
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- A historical multiple-choice extension of the [FinDeepForecast](https://openfinarena.com/fin-deep-forecast/) benchmark from OpenFinArena.
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- While the original FinDeepForecast is a **live** benchmark whose ground truth can
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- only be revealed by the future, this dataset uses **realized** historical values
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- from 1999 to 2026 as ground truth, enabling reproducible offline evaluation.
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-
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- ## Highlights
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-
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- - **10,868 multiple-choice questions** across **28 years** (1999–2026)
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- - **49 US macro / market indicators** sourced from [FRED](https://fred.stlouisfed.org/)
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- (St. Louis Fed) — CPI, GDP, Fed Funds, Treasury yields, NASDAQ, VIX, oil, FX, etc.
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- - **Two question types** (aligned with the original paper):
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- - **Recurrent** — forecast periodic data releases (CPI for next month, GDP for next quarter, etc.)
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- - **Situational** — non-periodic queries: yearly stats, trends, and event-driven
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- questions for ~35 hand-curated macro events (FOMC decisions, NBER recessions,
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- Lehman, COVID, SVB, etc.)
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- - **Year-as-split** layout: each year is a separate split for curriculum / leak-free evaluation
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-
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- ## Quick Start
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-
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- ```python
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- from datasets import load_dataset
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-
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- # Load a single year
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- ds = load_dataset("TheFinAI/pre_test", split="2008")
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- print(ds[0])
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-
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- # Load all years
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- ds = load_dataset("TheFinAI/pre_test")
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- print(ds) # DatasetDict with keys "1999"..."2026"
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- ```
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-
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- ## Distribution
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-
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- | forecastType | subtype | Count | % |
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- |--------------|--------------------------|------:|-----:|
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- | Recurrent | recurrent | 6,425 | 59.1 |
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- | Situational | trend | 1,202 | 11.1 |
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- | Situational | window_max | 968 | 8.9 |
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- | Situational | window_min | 966 | 8.9 |
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- | Situational | yearly_return | 537 | 4.9 |
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- | Situational | event_value | 426 | 3.9 |
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- | Situational | event_pp_change | 236 | 2.2 |
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- | Situational | event_cumulative_return | 108 | 1.0 |
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-
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- **Per-year size**: 400 questions for full years 2000–2025; 338 for 1999 (data
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- limited); 130 for 2026 (partial year, only forecasts whose target is in the past).
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-
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- **Answer letter balance**: A 24.8% / B 25.3% / C 24.7% / D 25.1% (uniformly distributed).
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-
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- ## Question Schema
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-
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- | Field | Type | Description |
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- |-----------------|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
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- | `qid` | string | Unique question ID |
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- | `forecastType` | string | `Recurrent` or `Situational` |
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- | `subtype` | string | One of 8 fine-grained subtypes (see table above) |
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- | `indicator` | string | FRED series ID (e.g. `CPIAUCSL`, `DGS10`, `NASDAQCOM`) |
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- | `transform` | string | `level`, `yoy_pct`, or `yoy_pp` |
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- | `target_period` | string | The period the question asks about |
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- | `info_cutoff` | string (date) | Latest information allowed (YYYY-MM-DD) |
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- | `question` | string | Question text |
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- | `options` | list of strings | 4 options, format `"A) ..."` |
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- | `answer_letter` | string | `A`, `B`, `C`, or `D` |
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- | `answer_raw` | string | The displayed value of the correct answer |
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- | `unit` | string | `%`, `pp`, `index`, `usd_billion`, `count`, `fx_rate`, etc. |
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- | `year` | int | Convenience field for filtering |
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-
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- ## Question Type Examples
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-
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- ### Recurrent (periodic forecast)
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- > *Forecast the value of [US CPI YoY Inflation Rate] for June 2010. (Information available up to 2010-04-15.)*
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- >
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- > A) 1.45% &nbsp;&nbsp; B) 2.04% &nbsp;&nbsp; C) 2.42% &nbsp;&nbsp; D) 1.85%
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-
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- ### Situational — trend
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- > *What was the OVERALL TREND of [US 10Y Treasury Yield] from 2010-01-01 to 2010-12-31?*
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- >
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- > A) Volatile &nbsp;&nbsp; B) Rising significantly &nbsp;&nbsp; C) Roughly flat &nbsp;&nbsp; D) Falling significantly
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-
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- ### Situational — window stat
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- > *During 2010, what was the LOWEST value of [VIX]?*
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-
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- ### Situational — event-driven
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- > *Following Lehman Brothers bankruptcy on 2008-09-15, what was the cumulative %
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- > change in [NASDAQ] over the 20 calendar days after the event?*
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- >
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- > A) -14.54% &nbsp;&nbsp; B) -8.32% &nbsp;&nbsp; C) -22.71% &nbsp;&nbsp; D) -2.10%
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-
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- ## Quality Audit (all checks passed)
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-
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- | Check | Result |
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- |----------------------------------------------------|--------|
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- | Distractor uniqueness (4 distinct options) | 0 issues |
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- | Date arithmetic (`info_cutoff ≤ target_period`) | 0 issues |
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- | Required-field preservation in question text | 0 issues |
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- | Per-subtype A/B/C/D letter balance (within ±8%) | 0 issues |
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- | Event-response sanity (Lehman, COVID, etc.) | All consistent with history |
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-
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- ## Coverage Notes
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-
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- - **1999** has only 338 questions because 4 indicators
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- (`PPIFIS`, `SP500`, `DJIA`, `DTWEXBGS`) start later than 1999 on FRED.
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- - **2026** is a partial year (data through April 2026); contains only forecast-style
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- questions whose target lies in the past.
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- - Some indicators (`SP500`, `DJIA`) have FRED data only since 2016 (10-year limit on
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- the free tier). For historical equity exposure, `NASDAQCOM` has full 1999+ coverage.
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-
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- ## Curated Events (Situational - event_driven)
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-
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- 35 hand-verified events 1999–2024, including 32 FOMC impactful decisions and
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- 3 NBER recession periods. Examples:
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- - 2001-01-03 — Fed emergency cut (dot-com)
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- - 2008-09-15 — Lehman Brothers bankruptcy
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- - 2008-12-16 — Fed cuts to zero (ZIRP)
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- - 2010-05-06 — Flash Crash
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- - 2013-05-22 — Taper Tantrum
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- - 2020-03-15 — Fed emergency rate cut + $700B QE (COVID)
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- - 2022-03-16 — Fed first hike of cycle
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- - 2023-03-10 — Silicon Valley Bank collapse
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- - 2024-09-18 — Fed first cut of cycle
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-
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- ## Data Sources
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-
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- All data fetched from public APIs/sites:
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- - **FRED** (Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis) — all 49 indicator time series
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- - **Federal Reserve** — FOMC meeting dates
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- - **NBER** — Business Cycle Dating Committee recession dates
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- - **Public news archives** — for shock-event dates and descriptions
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-
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- ## License
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-
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- CC-BY-4.0. Original FRED data is in the public domain.
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-
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- ## Related
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-
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- - **Original FinDeepForecast** (live benchmark): https://openfinarena.com/fin-deep-forecast/
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- - **Code & dataset generation**: see the `competitions_historical/` directory in
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- the [OpenFinArena GitHub repo](https://github.com/The-FinAI/OpenFinArena).
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-
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- ## Citation
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-
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- If you use this dataset, please cite the original FinDeepForecast paper:
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-
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- ```bibtex
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- @article{findeepforecast,
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- title={FinDeepForecast: A Live Benchmark for Financial Forecasting with LLMs},
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- author={OpenFinArena},
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- year={2026},
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- url={https://openfinarena.com/fin-deep-forecast/}
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- }
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- ```
 
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