File size: 11,000 Bytes
310bb7f
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
```markdown
# Categories & Links

## Urban / Land Use / Settlement / Street Blocks

1. **Global Urban Land Uses (10 m) with Sentinel‑2 + POI prompting (2025)**  
   Global 10 m urban land-use dataset with pixel-level multi-class masks, produced from Sentinel‑2 imagery and OSM POI prompts.  
   Paper: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0034425725002287

2. **Global Urban Open Space for 169 Megacities (1.19 m) (2025)**  
   High-resolution (1.19 m) semantic mapping of urban open space across 169 megacities with pixel-level classes (parks/green space, sports, transportation space, water, background).  
   Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-025-04924-x  
   Code: https://github.com/RunyuFan/OpenspaceGlobal  
   Data: https://www.scidb.cn/en/detail?dataSetId=ddc0dd716dd740f0ae74a113e207bb64

3. **GURS: Global Urban and Rural Settlement Dataset (100 m, 20002020) (2024)**  
   Global 100 m settlement product distinguishing urban vs rural areas for multiple years (GeoTIFF layers).  
   Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-024-04195-y  
   Code: https://github.com/liuzht7-github/GURS.git  
   Data: https://zenodo.org/records/11160893

4. **Multi-level Street-Block Divisions for 985 Cities Worldwide (2025)**  
   Global street-block division vectors for 985 cities with a uniform division rationale for consistent cross-city analysis.  
   Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-025-04704-7  
   Data: https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/MSDCW_Dataset_and_Code/26021314


## Buildings / Built Environment

5. **CMAB: Multi-Attribute Building Dataset of China (2025)**  
   Nationwide instance-level building dataset for China with rich attributes (e.g., rooftop, height, structure, function, style, age, quality).  
   Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-025-04730-5  
   Data: https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/CMAB-The_World_s_First_National-Scale_Multi-Attribute_Building_Dataset/27992417/2

6. **3D-GloBFP: Global 3D Building Footprints (2024)**  
   Global building footprint resource providing 3D/height-related building information (Zenodo release).  
   Paper: https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/16/5357/2024/essd-16-5357-2024-discussion.html  
   Data: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11319912

7. **Google Open Buildings Temporal v1 (GEE)**  
   Temporal version of Google Open Buildings footprints (polygons + height/attributes) accessible via Google Earth Engine (see reference link).  
   Reference: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/5zM2lQJJ_5GomoKjOAejvw

8. **Google Open Buildings v3 (GEE)**  
   Global building footprint polygons (vector outlines), commonly accessed via Google Earth Engine (see reference link).  
   Reference: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/5zM2lQJJ_5GomoKjOAejvw


## Energy / Power Systems / Hydropower / Solar

9. **Global Photovoltaic (PV) Solar Panel Dataset (20 m, 20192022) (2025)**  
   Annual global PV mapping product at 20 m resolution (TIFF), with validation vectors and additional annotated samples/original imagery.  
   Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-025-04985-y  
   Data (Zenodo): https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10684793  
   GEE App: https://cxh1216.users.earthengine.app/view/solarpv-bnu  
   Validation: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14348427  
   Samples/Images: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14922538

10. **Great Britain Primary Substations + Household Heating (2024)**  
   GB primary substation dataset (location/capacity/demand/parent nodes) integrated with household heating types from census data.  
   Paper: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340924004529  
   Code: https://github.com/HDRah/Data-PS-GB  
   Data: https://zenodo.org/records/10866260

11. **GloHydroRes32: Global Hydropower Plants + Reservoirs (2025)**  
   Global tabular dataset combining open hydropower plant and reservoir sources (capacity, dam/reservoir attributes such as height, depth, area, volume).  
   Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-025-04975-0  
   Code: https://github.com/SustainableWaterSystems/GloHydroRes/tree/main  
   Data: https://zenodo.org/records/14526360


## Climate / Meteorology / Water Balance / Carbon

12. **China 1 km Monthly Mean Temperature (19012023)**  
   China-wide gridded monthly mean temperature dataset (~1 km, NetCDF), downscaled from global climate datasets and validated with independent stations.  
   Data: https://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/data/71ab4677-b66c-4fd1-a004-b2a541c4d5bf/

13. **TerraClimate: Monthly Climate & Climatic Water Balance (19582024) (GEE)**  
   Global monthly climate and water-balance dataset (temperature, precipitation, radiation, wind, PET, runoff, soil moisture, etc.) available in Google Earth Engine.  
   GEE Catalog: https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/IDAHO_EPSCOR_TERRACLIMATE?hl=zh-cn  
   Reference: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/siDwbNtzyDZxOTTgu2WS5w

14. **China Forest AGB Time Series (30 m, 19852023) (Preprint)**  
   Annual 30 m aboveground biomass (AGB) mapping time series for China; accessible via a GEE script and Zenodo releases split by period.  
   Preprint: https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2025-96/  
   GEE Script: https://code.earthengine.google.com/4f8ad8d32ddb84e826e941a95f31f9be  
   Zenodo (Parts):  
   - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12620984  
   - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12637101  
   - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12655492  
   - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12658255  
   - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12742210  
   - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12747329


## Terrain / DEM

15. **GEDTM30: Global Ensemble Digital Terrain Model (30 m) (Preprint)**  
   Global 30 m terrain model fused from ICESat‑2, GEDI, and multi-source inputs; also provides derived land-surface/topographic parameters at multiple scales.  
   Preprint: https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-6280607/v1  
   Code/Data: https://github.com/openlandmap/GEDTM30


## Agriculture / Land Change

16. **Main Grain Land (MGL) Changes in China (30 m, 19852020) (2024)**  
   30 m change-mapping dataset for China’s main grain land from 19852020, supporting crop distribution and land-change analysis.  
   Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-024-04292-y  
   Data: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.26212643.v2


## Hydrology / Flood / Rivers

17. **FloodCastBench (2025)**  
   Large-scale dataset and foundation-model benchmark for flood modeling/forecasting; includes code to reproduce the dataset.  
   Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-025-04725-2  
   Code: https://github.com/HydroPML/FloodCastBench

18. **HydroRIVERS (HydroSHEDS)**  
   Global vector river network dataset widely used in hydrological and watershed analyses.  
   Product: https://www.hydrosheds.org/products/hydrorivers  
   Reference (Chinese): https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/VZkdlHZB107EfE22QXKkuA


## Hazards / Disaster Events

19. **Global Concurrent Hazards Inventory (19812020)**  
   Global inventory and hotspot analysis of concurrent hazards compiled from multiple event databases (earthquake, storm, landslide, volcano, wildfire, flood).  
   Paper: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2024EF004490


## Society / Mobility

20. **International Migration Flows (online-data derived) (2025)**  
   Dataset estimating global international migration flows using online data signals; published on HDX.  
   Paper: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2409418122  
   Data: https://data.humdata.org/dataset/international-migration-flows


## Remote Sensing Foundation Models / Vision-Language / Benchmarks / Generation / Tracking

21. **EarthView (20172022; ~15 TB) (WACV 2025)**  
   Large-scale multi-modal remote sensing dataset for self-supervised learning and foundation-model pretraining (hosted on Hugging Face).  
   Paper: https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content/WACV2025W/CV4EO/papers/Velazquez_EarthView_A_Large_Scale_Remote_Sensing_Dataset_for_Self-Supervision_WACVW_2025_paper.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com  
   Data: https://huggingface.co/datasets/satellogic/EarthView

22. **Falcon: Remote Sensing Vision-Language Foundation Model (Preprint)**  
   Open vision-language foundation model for remote sensing with released code.  
   Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.11070  
   Code: https://github.com/tianhuilab/falcon

23. **Text2Earth (Remote Sensing Text-to-Image Generation) (2025)**  
   Global-scale dataset and foundation model for text-driven remote sensing image generation.  
   Paper: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10988859  
   Project: https://chen-yang-liu.github.io/Text2Earth/

24. **MMM-RS (NeurIPS 2024) Text-to-Image Benchmark**  
   Multi-modal, multi-GSD, multi-scene remote sensing dataset and benchmark for text-to-image generation.  
   Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.22362  
   Dataset/Repo: https://github.com/ljl5261/MMM-RS

25. **VRSBench (2024)**  
   Versatile vision-language benchmark dataset for remote sensing image understanding (data/code via project page).  
   Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.12384  
   Project: https://vrsbench.github.io

26. **UrBench (AAAI 2025)**  
   Benchmark for evaluating large multimodal models in multi-view urban scenario understanding.  
   Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.17267  
   Project: https://opendatalab.github.io/UrBench/

27. **RSTeller (Remote Sensing Captioning / VLM Scaling)**  
   Resource for scaling remote sensing vision-language modeling using rich linguistic semantics derived from open data and LLMs.  
   Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.14744  
   Code: https://github.com/SlytherinGe/RSTeller

28. **GlobalGeoTree (Tree Species; Vision-Language) (Preprint)**  
   Multi-granular vision-language dataset for global tree species classification (curated from sources such as GBIF); released on GitHub and Hugging Face.  
   Paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.12513  
   Code: https://github.com/MUYang99/GlobalGeoTree  
   Data (HF): https://huggingface.co/datasets/yann111/GlobalGeoTree

29. **EarthDial (CVPR 2025)**  
   Project for interactive dialogue over multi-sensory Earth observations (vision-language style).  
   Repo: https://github.com/hiyamdebary/EarthDial

30. **EEG + Eye-Tracking Dataset for Remote Sensing Object Detection (2025)**  
   Human experiment dataset with simultaneous EEG and eye-tracking collected during remote sensing object detection tasks; includes code for modeling/validation.  
   Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-025-04995-w  
   Code (classification): https://github.com/Bing-1997/EEGET_RSOD/tree/main/eegnet  
   Code (validation): https://github.com/Bing-1997/EEGET_RSOD

31. **MUST: Multispectral UAV Single Object Tracking (CVPR 2025)**  
   Multispectral UAV single-object tracking dataset and unified framework for aerial/remote sensing tracking tasks.  
   Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.17699  
   Code: https://github.com/q2479036243/MUST-Multispectral-UAV-Single-Object-Tracking
```