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| "text": "Welcome to the 16th year of the Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications held in conjunction with the 16th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association of Computational Linguistics (EACL 2021). We are fortunate to be able to keep this tradition goingthough virtually -with another year of inspiring research! Our 23 papers this year -to be presented as papers and posters -include topics related to education, including automated writing and evaluation, argument and passage detection, grammatical error correction, text simplification, readability and data analytics for text complexity, and NLP and Speech for learning and assessment. The conference will also hold a panel, entitled: \"New Challenges for Educational Technology in the Time of the Pandemic\" intended to shed light on the effect of the pandemic with regard to how we think about educational technology development.", |
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| "section": "Introduction", |
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| "text": "This year we received a total of 44 submissions (excluding one withdrawn submission). We accepted 6 papers as oral presentations and 17 as poster presentations, for an overall acceptance rate of 52 % and 14 % based on only the acceptance of oral presentations. Oral presentations typically represent more mature research. Each paper was reviewed by three members of the Program Committee who were believed to be most appropriate for each paper. We continue to have a strong policy to deal with conflicts of interest. First, we continue to make a concerted effort to resolve conflicts of interest -specifically, we do not assign papers to a reviewer if the paper has an author from their institution. Second, organizing committee members recuse themselves from discussions about papers if there is a conflict of interest.", |
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| "section": "Introduction", |
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| "text": "Papers are accepted on the basis of several factors, including the relevance to a core educational problem space, the novelty of the approach or domain, and the strength of the research. The accepted papers were highly diverse -an indicator of the growing variety of foci in this field. We continue to believe that the workshop framework designed to introduce work in progress and new ideas is important and we hope that the breadth and variety of research accepted for this workshop is represented.", |
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| "section": "Introduction", |
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| "text": "The BEA16 workshop has presentations that apply NLP to topics related to education, as follows: We wish to thank everyone who showed interest and submitted a paper, all of the authors for their contributions, the members of the Program Committee for their thoughtful reviews, and everyone who is attending this workshop, virtually! Finally, our special thanks go to the emergency reviewers who stepped in to provide their expertise and help ensure the highest level of feedback: we acknowledge the help of Beata Beigman ", |
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| "raw_text": "Automated Classification of Written Proficiency Levels on the CEFR-Scale through Complexity Contours and RNNs Elma Kerz, Daniel Wiechmann, Yu Qiao, Emma Tseng and Marcus Str\u00f6bel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 \"Sharks are not the threat humans are\": Argument Component Segmentation in School Student Essays Tariq Alhindi and Debanjan Ghosh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210", |
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| "raw_text": "Using Linguistic Features to Predict the Response Process Complexity Associated with Answering Clin- ical MCQs Victoria Yaneva, Daniel Jurich, Le An Ha and Peter Baldwin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 Conference Program 10:10 -10:20 Opening remarks 10:20 -11:00 Session 1 11:00 -11:30 Coffee Break 11:30 -12:10 Session 2 12:10 -13:30 Poster Session 1 13:30 -15:00 Lunch Break 15:00 -15:40 Session 3 15:40 -16:50 Poster Session 2 16:50 -17:50 Panel 17:50 -18:00 Closing remarks", |
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| "text": "Automated writing and evaluation: Essay Quality Signals as Weak Supervision for Source-based Essay Scoring (Zhang & Litman), Automated Classification of Written Proficiency Levels on the CEFR-Scale through Complexity Contours and RNNs (Kerz et al); Argument and passage detection: Parsing Argumentative Structure in English-as-Foreign-Language Essays (Putra, Teufel & Tokunaga), \"Sharks are not the threat humans are\": Argument Component Segmentation in School Student Essays (Alhindi & Ghosh), Training and Domain Adaptation for Supervised Text Segmentation (Glava\u0161 et al); Grammatical error correction: Synthetic Data Generation for Grammatical Error Correction with Tagged Corruption Models (Stahlberg & Kumar), Document-level Grammatical Error Correction (Yuan & Bryant), Data Strategies for Low-Resource Grammatical Error Correction (Flachs et al), and Assessing Grammatical Correctness in Language Learning (Katinskaia & Yangarber); Text simplification, readability and data analytics for text complexity: Text Simplification by Tagging (Omelianchuk et al), Broad Linguistic Complexity Analysis for Greek Readability Classification (Chatzipanagiotidis et al), Towards a Data Analytics Pipeline for the Visualisation of Complexity Metrics in L2 Writings (Gaillat et al); NLP and Speech for learning and assessment: Employing Distributional Semantics to Organize Task-focused Vocabulary Learning (Ponnusamy & Meurers), Detecting Negative Language Transfer Using Models that Represent Language Structure (Wanderley & Epp), Teacher's Tools for Estonian as a Second Language in Language Portal (S\u00f5naveeb et al), On the Application of Transformers for Estimating the Difficulty of Multiple-Choice Questions from Text (Benedetto et al), Automatically Generating Causeand-Effect Questions from Passages (Stasaski et al), Interventions Recommendation: Professionals' Observations Analysis in Special Needs Education (Mu\u00f1oz & Bravo-Marquez), C-Test Collector: A Proficiency Testing Application to Collect Training Data for C-Tests (Haring et al), Virtual Pre-Training Teacher Assessment and Feedback via Conversational Agents (Datta et al), Using Linguistic Features to Predict the Response Process Complexity Associated with Answering Clinical MCQs (Yaneva et al), Character Set Construction for Chinese Language Learning (Yeung & Lee), and Negation Scope Resolution for Chinese as a Second Language (Zhang et al).", |
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| "text": "University of T\u00fcbingen Michael White, The Ohio State University; Facebook AI Alistair Willis, Open University, UK Victoria Yaneva, NBME; University of Wolverhampton Seid Muhie Yimam, University of Hamburg Mingzhi Yu, University of Pittsburgh Zheng Yuan, University of Cambridge Klaus Zechner, Educational Testing Service Fabian Zehner, DIPF, Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education", |
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