| { |
| "paper_id": "O10-1011", |
| "header": { |
| "generated_with": "S2ORC 1.0.0", |
| "date_generated": "2023-01-19T08:06:48.098697Z" |
| }, |
| "title": "Japanese Opinion Word Translation Based on Unsupervised Word Sense Disambiguation in the Travel Domain", |
| "authors": [ |
| { |
| "first": "", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "\u9ec3\u4fca\u744b", |
| "suffix": "", |
| "affiliation": { |
| "laboratory": "", |
| "institution": "Yuan Ze University", |
| "location": {} |
| }, |
| "email": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "first": "Jyun-Wei", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "Huang", |
| "suffix": "", |
| "affiliation": { |
| "laboratory": "", |
| "institution": "Yuan Ze University", |
| "location": {} |
| }, |
| "email": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "first": "Chia", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "Kao", |
| "suffix": "", |
| "affiliation": { |
| "laboratory": "", |
| "institution": "Yuan Ze University", |
| "location": {} |
| }, |
| "email": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "first": "Chun-Yu", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "Pei", |
| "suffix": "", |
| "affiliation": { |
| "laboratory": "", |
| "institution": "Yuan Ze University", |
| "location": {} |
| }, |
| "email": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "first": "Richard", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "Chen", |
| "suffix": "", |
| "affiliation": { |
| "laboratory": "", |
| "institution": "Yuan Ze University", |
| "location": {} |
| }, |
| "email": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "first": "", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "Tzong", |
| "suffix": "", |
| "affiliation": { |
| "laboratory": "", |
| "institution": "Yuan Ze University", |
| "location": {} |
| }, |
| "email": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "first": "Han", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "Tsai", |
| "suffix": "", |
| "affiliation": { |
| "laboratory": "", |
| "institution": "Yuan Ze University", |
| "location": {} |
| }, |
| "email": "thtsai@saturn.yzu.edu" |
| } |
| ], |
| "year": "", |
| "venue": null, |
| "identifiers": {}, |
| "abstract": "This paper proposes a Japanese opinion word translation method based on unsupervised word sense disambiguation. The method comprises the corpus preparation, opinion word dictionary construction, and weighting method. Different from the machine translation, our method does not need parallel corpora, tagged corpora or parsing tree banks. Our method is low-cost but effective, and requires a well-made bilingual dictionary only. Besides, our method can extract key information from the opinions to help users understand the opinions. We construct four configurations and evaluate our method on four Japanese opinion words with high frequency. The evaluation result shows that the dependency grammar and opinion word dictionary is effective on opinion word translation. Our method can deal with the translation disambiguation problem and improve the translation precision to help user realize Japanese opinions.", |
| "pdf_parse": { |
| "paper_id": "O10-1011", |
| "_pdf_hash": "", |
| "abstract": [ |
| { |
| "text": "This paper proposes a Japanese opinion word translation method based on unsupervised word sense disambiguation. The method comprises the corpus preparation, opinion word dictionary construction, and weighting method. Different from the machine translation, our method does not need parallel corpora, tagged corpora or parsing tree banks. Our method is low-cost but effective, and requires a well-made bilingual dictionary only. Besides, our method can extract key information from the opinions to help users understand the opinions. We construct four configurations and evaluate our method on four Japanese opinion words with high frequency. The evaluation result shows that the dependency grammar and opinion word dictionary is effective on opinion word translation. Our method can deal with the translation disambiguation problem and improve the translation precision to help user realize Japanese opinions.", |
| "cite_spans": [], |
| "ref_spans": [], |
| "eq_spans": [], |
| "section": "Abstract", |
| "sec_num": null |
| } |
| ], |
| "body_text": [ |
| { |
| "text": "\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u70ba\u521d\u59cb\u6b65\u9a5f\u3002\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u5c0d\u65bc\u6bcf\u500b\u610f\u898b\u8a5e\u6216\u8005\u5019\u9078\u7ffb\u8b6f\u5468\u908a\u76f8\u95dc\u5b57\u7684\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6a5f\u7387 \u662f\u516c\u5e73\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6703\u5148\u7d66\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u6a5f\u7387\uff0c\u5047\u82e5\u610f\u898b\u8a5e \u6709 n \u500b\u7ffb\u8b6f\uff0c\u5247\u5019\u9078\u8a5e\u7fa9\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6b0a \u91cd \u70ba 1/n\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u300c\u7dba\u9e97\u300d\u82e5\u6709\u300c\u6f02\u4eae\u3001\u7f8e\u9e97\u3001\u4e7e\u6de8\u3001\u6e05\u6f54\u300d\u56db\u500b\u5019\u9078\u8a5e\u7fa9\uff0c\u5247\u6bcf\u500b \u5019\u9078\u8a5e\u7fa9\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6b0a\u91cd\u7686\u70ba 0.25\u3002\u5982\u516c\u5f0f 3-1 \u6240\u793a\uff1a (t \u8868 \u7684\u7ffb\u8b6f\u5019\u9078\u8a5e\u7fa9) \u521d\u59cb\u6b65\u9a5f(Initialization Step)\uff1a (0-1) \u800c\u5728\u6bcf\u500b\u5019\u9078\u8a5e\u7fa9\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u7d66\u5b9a\u5f8c\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u5019\u9078\u8a5e\u7fa9\u7684\u6b0a\u91cd\u6703\u57fa\u65bc\u5169\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8f38\u5165\u503c\u91cd\u65b0\u8a08 \u7b97\uff1a\u4e00\u70ba\u5468\u908a\u95dc\u806f\u5b57\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6b0a\u91cd \uff0c\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u540c\u5019\u9078\u8a5e\u7fa9\u521d\u59cb\u6b0a\u91cd\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00 \u70ba\u8a72\u5019\u9078\u8a5e\u7fa9\u8207\u5468\u908a\u95dc\u806f\u5b57\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u5f37\u5ea6 \u3002\u516c\u5f0f\u5982 3-2 \u6240\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff1a \u8fed\u4ee3\u5f0f\u6b65\u9a5f(Iteration Step)\uff1a (0-2) \u5176\u4e2d inlink(t)\u4ee3\u8868\u5468\u908a\u95dc\u806f\u5b57\u7684\u7ffb\u8b6f\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u8a72\u6e2c\u8a66\u53e5\u4e2d\u82e5\u5468\u908a\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u5b57\u6709 a j \u8207 a k \u5169 \u5b57\uff0c\u800c a j \u8207 a k \u7684\u7ffb\u8b6f\u70ba{a j1 ,a j2 ,a j3 ,a k1 ,a k2 }\uff0c\u5247\u9019\u4e94\u500b\u5b57\u5c07\u6703\u8207\u5019\u9078\u7ffb\u8b6f\u8a5e t \u9032\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u6b0a \u91cd\u8a08\u7b97\u8207\u95dc\u806f\u5f37\u5ea6\u8a08\u7b97\u3002\u800c\u5176\u4e2d X \u70ba\u672c\u8ad6\u6587\u8ca2\u737b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u7279\u5fb5\u8a5e\u5b57\u5178\u8207\u76f8\u4f9d\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2 \u6240\u5224\u65b7\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u8a5e\u7684\u52a0\u6b0a\u5206\u6578\uff0c\u6703\u6839\u64da \u7684\u6b63\u8ca0\u60c5\u6cc1\u7d66\u4e88\u5927\u65bc 1 \u6216\u8005\u4ecb \u65bc 1 \u5230 0 \u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u52a0\u6b0a\u500d\u6578\uff0c\u82e5 \u5927\u65bc 0\uff0c\u5247 X \u56e0\u5b50\u5247\u6703\u5927\u65bc 1\uff0c\u7d93\u7531\u6b64 X \u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u52a0\u6b0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5728\u65e5\u6587\u8a55\u8ad6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8207\u610f\u898b\u8a5e\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5b57\u8a5e\u6b0a\u91cd\u52a0\u500d\uff1b\u82e5 \u5c0f\u65bc 0\uff0c\u7d93\u7531\u6b0a\u91cd\u7684\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u4fee\u6b63\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u7e2e\u5c0f\u5c0d\u65bc\u76f8\u95dc\u5b57\u8a5e\u5c0d\u65bc\u610f\u898b\u8a5e\u7684\u8ca0\u9762\u5f71 \u97ff\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u4e9b\u662f\u4e2d\u6587\u7db2\u9801\u5728\u7db2\u9801\u6458\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u96dc\u8a0a\u8f03\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u9020\u6210\u8a08\u7b97\u9023\u7d50\u5f37\u5ea6\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u8ca0\u9762 \u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u904e\u5927\u3002\u4ea6\u5373\u6b64 X \u56e0\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u5468\u908a\u95dc\u806f\u5b57\u7684\u7ffb\u8b6f\u96c6\u5408\u4f9d\u5c0d\u65bc\u6e2c\u8a66\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u610f\u898b\u8a5e \u91cd\u8981\u6027\u4f86\u52a0\u6b0a\u3002\u52a0\u6b0a\u516c\u5f0f\u5982 3-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d distance \u70ba\u76f8\u4f9d\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u800c F \u70ba\u7279\u5fb5\u8a5e\u5b57\u5178\u52a0\u6b0a\u8b8a\u6578\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a X \u56e0\u5b50\uff1a (0-3) \u800c\u65bc\u516c\u5f0f 3-2 \u6240\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u5f37\u5ea6", |
| "cite_spans": [], |
| "ref_spans": [], |
| "eq_spans": [], |
| "section": "", |
| "sec_num": null |
| }, |
| { |
| "text": "[2] C. Cardie and R. J. Mooney, \"Guest Editors' Introduction: Machine Learning and", |
| "cite_spans": [], |
| "ref_spans": [], |
| "eq_spans": [], |
| "section": "", |
| "sec_num": null |
| } |
| ], |
| "back_matter": [], |
| "bib_entries": { |
| "BIBREF0": { |
| "ref_id": "b0", |
| "title": "Natural Language", |
| "authors": [], |
| "year": 1999, |
| "venue": "Machine Learning", |
| "volume": "34", |
| "issue": "", |
| "pages": "5--9", |
| "other_ids": {}, |
| "num": null, |
| "urls": [], |
| "raw_text": "Natural Language,\" Machine Learning, vol. 34, pp. 5-9, 1999.", |
| "links": null |
| }, |
| "BIBREF1": { |
| "ref_id": "b1", |
| "title": "Word Sense Disambiguation: An Overview", |
| "authors": [ |
| { |
| "first": "D", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "Mccarthy", |
| "suffix": "" |
| } |
| ], |
| "year": 2009, |
| "venue": "Language and Linguistics Compass", |
| "volume": "", |
| "issue": "", |
| "pages": "537--558", |
| "other_ids": {}, |
| "num": null, |
| "urls": [], |
| "raw_text": "D. McCarthy, \"Word Sense Disambiguation: An Overview,\" Language and Linguistics Compass, pp. 537-558, 2009.", |
| "links": null |
| }, |
| "BIBREF2": { |
| "ref_id": "b2", |
| "title": "Learning semantic classes for word sense disambiguation", |
| "authors": [ |
| { |
| "first": "U", |
| "middle": [ |
| "S" |
| ], |
| "last": "Kohomban", |
| "suffix": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "first": "W", |
| "middle": [ |
| "S" |
| ], |
| "last": "Lee", |
| "suffix": "" |
| } |
| ], |
| "year": 2005, |
| "venue": "presented at the Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics", |
| "volume": "", |
| "issue": "", |
| "pages": "", |
| "other_ids": {}, |
| "num": null, |
| "urls": [], |
| "raw_text": "U. S. Kohomban and W. S. Lee, \"Learning semantic classes for word sense disambiguation,\" presented at the Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 2005.", |
| "links": null |
| }, |
| "BIBREF3": { |
| "ref_id": "b3", |
| "title": "Combining Classifiers for word sense disambiguation", |
| "authors": [ |
| { |
| "first": "R", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "Florian", |
| "suffix": "" |
| } |
| ], |
| "year": 2002, |
| "venue": "Natural Language Engineering", |
| "volume": "8", |
| "issue": "", |
| "pages": "327--341", |
| "other_ids": {}, |
| "num": null, |
| "urls": [], |
| "raw_text": "R. Florian, et al., \"Combining Classifiers for word sense disambiguation,\" Natural Language Engineering, vol. 8, pp. 327-341, 2002.", |
| "links": null |
| }, |
| "BIBREF4": { |
| "ref_id": "b4", |
| "title": "Optimizing feature set for chinese word sense disambiguation", |
| "authors": [ |
| { |
| "first": "Z.-Y", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "Niu", |
| "suffix": "" |
| } |
| ], |
| "year": 2004, |
| "venue": "Third International Workshop on Evaluating Word Sense Disambiguation Systems", |
| "volume": "", |
| "issue": "", |
| "pages": "", |
| "other_ids": {}, |
| "num": null, |
| "urls": [], |
| "raw_text": "Z.-Y. Niu, et al., \"Optimizing feature set for chinese word sense disambiguation,\" presented at the Proceedings of Senseval-3, Third International Workshop on Evaluating Word Sense Disambiguation Systems, 2004.", |
| "links": null |
| }, |
| "BIBREF5": { |
| "ref_id": "b5", |
| "title": "A method for disambiguating word senses in a large corpus", |
| "authors": [ |
| { |
| "first": "W", |
| "middle": [ |
| "A" |
| ], |
| "last": "Gale", |
| "suffix": "" |
| } |
| ], |
| "year": 1992, |
| "venue": "Computers and the Humanities", |
| "volume": "", |
| "issue": "", |
| "pages": "415--439", |
| "other_ids": {}, |
| "num": null, |
| "urls": [], |
| "raw_text": "W. A. Gale, et al., \"A method for disambiguating word senses in a large corpus \" Computers and the Humanities, pp. 415-439, 1992.", |
| "links": null |
| }, |
| "BIBREF6": { |
| "ref_id": "b6", |
| "title": "Finding predominant word senses in untagged text", |
| "authors": [ |
| { |
| "first": "D", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "Mccarthy", |
| "suffix": "" |
| } |
| ], |
| "year": 2004, |
| "venue": "presented at the Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics", |
| "volume": "", |
| "issue": "", |
| "pages": "", |
| "other_ids": {}, |
| "num": null, |
| "urls": [], |
| "raw_text": "D. McCarthy, et al., \"Finding predominant word senses in untagged text,\" presented at the Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics, Barcelona, Spain, 2004.", |
| "links": null |
| }, |
| "BIBREF7": { |
| "ref_id": "b7", |
| "title": "\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\u8a5e\uf9f4: \u6771\u83ef\u66f8\u5c40", |
| "authors": [ |
| { |
| "first": "", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "\u6885\u5bb6\u99d2", |
| "suffix": "" |
| } |
| ], |
| "year": 1993, |
| "venue": "", |
| "volume": "", |
| "issue": "", |
| "pages": "", |
| "other_ids": {}, |
| "num": null, |
| "urls": [], |
| "raw_text": "\u6885\u5bb6\u99d2, et al., \u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\u8a5e\uf9f4: \u6771\u83ef\u66f8\u5c40, 1993.", |
| "links": null |
| }, |
| "BIBREF8": { |
| "ref_id": "b8", |
| "title": "An equivalent pseudoword solution to Chinese word sense disambiguation", |
| "authors": [ |
| { |
| "first": "Z", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "Lu", |
| "suffix": "" |
| } |
| ], |
| "year": 2006, |
| "venue": "presented at the Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computational Linguistics and the 44th annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics", |
| "volume": "", |
| "issue": "", |
| "pages": "", |
| "other_ids": {}, |
| "num": null, |
| "urls": [], |
| "raw_text": "Z. Lu, et al., \"An equivalent pseudoword solution to Chinese word sense disambiguation,\" presented at the Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computational Linguistics and the 44th annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Sydney, Australia, 2006.", |
| "links": null |
| }, |
| "BIBREF9": { |
| "ref_id": "b9", |
| "title": "Iterative translation disambiguation for cross-language information retrieval", |
| "authors": [ |
| { |
| "first": "C", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "Monz", |
| "suffix": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "first": "B", |
| "middle": [ |
| "J" |
| ], |
| "last": "Dorr", |
| "suffix": "" |
| } |
| ], |
| "year": 2005, |
| "venue": "presented at the Proceedings of the 28th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval", |
| "volume": "", |
| "issue": "", |
| "pages": "", |
| "other_ids": {}, |
| "num": null, |
| "urls": [], |
| "raw_text": "C. Monz and B. J. Dorr, \"Iterative translation disambiguation for cross-language information retrieval,\" presented at the Proceedings of the 28th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval, Salvador, Brazil, 2005.", |
| "links": null |
| }, |
| "BIBREF10": { |
| "ref_id": "b10", |
| "title": "Word association norms, mutual information, and lexicography", |
| "authors": [ |
| { |
| "first": "K", |
| "middle": [ |
| "W" |
| ], |
| "last": "Church", |
| "suffix": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "first": "P", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "Hanks", |
| "suffix": "" |
| } |
| ], |
| "year": 1990, |
| "venue": "Computational Linguistics", |
| "volume": "16", |
| "issue": "", |
| "pages": "22--29", |
| "other_ids": {}, |
| "num": null, |
| "urls": [], |
| "raw_text": "K. W. Church and P. Hanks, \"Word association norms, mutual information, and lexicography,\" Computational Linguistics, vol. 16, pp. 22-29, 1990.", |
| "links": null |
| }, |
| "BIBREF11": { |
| "ref_id": "b11", |
| "title": "Collecting evaluative expressions for opinion extraction", |
| "authors": [ |
| { |
| "first": "N", |
| "middle": [], |
| "last": "Kobayashi", |
| "suffix": "" |
| } |
| ], |
| "year": 2004, |
| "venue": "presented at the Proceedings of International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing", |
| "volume": "", |
| "issue": "", |
| "pages": "", |
| "other_ids": {}, |
| "num": null, |
| "urls": [], |
| "raw_text": "N. Kobayashi, et al., \"Collecting evaluative expressions for opinion extraction,\" presented at the Proceedings of International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, 2004.", |
| "links": null |
| } |
| }, |
| "ref_entries": {} |
| } |
| } |