| | |
| | |
| |
|
| | __author__ = 'Brian Quinlan (brian@sweetapp.com)' |
| |
|
| | import collections |
| | import logging |
| | import threading |
| | import time |
| | import types |
| |
|
| | FIRST_COMPLETED = 'FIRST_COMPLETED' |
| | FIRST_EXCEPTION = 'FIRST_EXCEPTION' |
| | ALL_COMPLETED = 'ALL_COMPLETED' |
| | _AS_COMPLETED = '_AS_COMPLETED' |
| |
|
| | |
| | PENDING = 'PENDING' |
| | RUNNING = 'RUNNING' |
| | |
| | CANCELLED = 'CANCELLED' |
| | |
| | CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED = 'CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED' |
| | FINISHED = 'FINISHED' |
| |
|
| | _FUTURE_STATES = [ |
| | PENDING, |
| | RUNNING, |
| | CANCELLED, |
| | CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED, |
| | FINISHED |
| | ] |
| |
|
| | _STATE_TO_DESCRIPTION_MAP = { |
| | PENDING: "pending", |
| | RUNNING: "running", |
| | CANCELLED: "cancelled", |
| | CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED: "cancelled", |
| | FINISHED: "finished" |
| | } |
| |
|
| | |
| | LOGGER = logging.getLogger("concurrent.futures") |
| |
|
| | class Error(Exception): |
| | """Base class for all future-related exceptions.""" |
| | pass |
| |
|
| | class CancelledError(Error): |
| | """The Future was cancelled.""" |
| | pass |
| |
|
| | class TimeoutError(Error): |
| | """The operation exceeded the given deadline.""" |
| | pass |
| |
|
| | class InvalidStateError(Error): |
| | """The operation is not allowed in this state.""" |
| | pass |
| |
|
| | class _Waiter(object): |
| | """Provides the event that wait() and as_completed() block on.""" |
| | def __init__(self): |
| | self.event = threading.Event() |
| | self.finished_futures = [] |
| |
|
| | def add_result(self, future): |
| | self.finished_futures.append(future) |
| |
|
| | def add_exception(self, future): |
| | self.finished_futures.append(future) |
| |
|
| | def add_cancelled(self, future): |
| | self.finished_futures.append(future) |
| |
|
| | class _AsCompletedWaiter(_Waiter): |
| | """Used by as_completed().""" |
| |
|
| | def __init__(self): |
| | super(_AsCompletedWaiter, self).__init__() |
| | self.lock = threading.Lock() |
| |
|
| | def add_result(self, future): |
| | with self.lock: |
| | super(_AsCompletedWaiter, self).add_result(future) |
| | self.event.set() |
| |
|
| | def add_exception(self, future): |
| | with self.lock: |
| | super(_AsCompletedWaiter, self).add_exception(future) |
| | self.event.set() |
| |
|
| | def add_cancelled(self, future): |
| | with self.lock: |
| | super(_AsCompletedWaiter, self).add_cancelled(future) |
| | self.event.set() |
| |
|
| | class _FirstCompletedWaiter(_Waiter): |
| | """Used by wait(return_when=FIRST_COMPLETED).""" |
| |
|
| | def add_result(self, future): |
| | super().add_result(future) |
| | self.event.set() |
| |
|
| | def add_exception(self, future): |
| | super().add_exception(future) |
| | self.event.set() |
| |
|
| | def add_cancelled(self, future): |
| | super().add_cancelled(future) |
| | self.event.set() |
| |
|
| | class _AllCompletedWaiter(_Waiter): |
| | """Used by wait(return_when=FIRST_EXCEPTION and ALL_COMPLETED).""" |
| |
|
| | def __init__(self, num_pending_calls, stop_on_exception): |
| | self.num_pending_calls = num_pending_calls |
| | self.stop_on_exception = stop_on_exception |
| | self.lock = threading.Lock() |
| | super().__init__() |
| |
|
| | def _decrement_pending_calls(self): |
| | with self.lock: |
| | self.num_pending_calls -= 1 |
| | if not self.num_pending_calls: |
| | self.event.set() |
| |
|
| | def add_result(self, future): |
| | super().add_result(future) |
| | self._decrement_pending_calls() |
| |
|
| | def add_exception(self, future): |
| | super().add_exception(future) |
| | if self.stop_on_exception: |
| | self.event.set() |
| | else: |
| | self._decrement_pending_calls() |
| |
|
| | def add_cancelled(self, future): |
| | super().add_cancelled(future) |
| | self._decrement_pending_calls() |
| |
|
| | class _AcquireFutures(object): |
| | """A context manager that does an ordered acquire of Future conditions.""" |
| |
|
| | def __init__(self, futures): |
| | self.futures = sorted(futures, key=id) |
| |
|
| | def __enter__(self): |
| | for future in self.futures: |
| | future._condition.acquire() |
| |
|
| | def __exit__(self, *args): |
| | for future in self.futures: |
| | future._condition.release() |
| |
|
| | def _create_and_install_waiters(fs, return_when): |
| | if return_when == _AS_COMPLETED: |
| | waiter = _AsCompletedWaiter() |
| | elif return_when == FIRST_COMPLETED: |
| | waiter = _FirstCompletedWaiter() |
| | else: |
| | pending_count = sum( |
| | f._state not in [CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED, FINISHED] for f in fs) |
| |
|
| | if return_when == FIRST_EXCEPTION: |
| | waiter = _AllCompletedWaiter(pending_count, stop_on_exception=True) |
| | elif return_when == ALL_COMPLETED: |
| | waiter = _AllCompletedWaiter(pending_count, stop_on_exception=False) |
| | else: |
| | raise ValueError("Invalid return condition: %r" % return_when) |
| |
|
| | for f in fs: |
| | f._waiters.append(waiter) |
| |
|
| | return waiter |
| |
|
| |
|
| | def _yield_finished_futures(fs, waiter, ref_collect): |
| | """ |
| | Iterate on the list *fs*, yielding finished futures one by one in |
| | reverse order. |
| | Before yielding a future, *waiter* is removed from its waiters |
| | and the future is removed from each set in the collection of sets |
| | *ref_collect*. |
| | |
| | The aim of this function is to avoid keeping stale references after |
| | the future is yielded and before the iterator resumes. |
| | """ |
| | while fs: |
| | f = fs[-1] |
| | for futures_set in ref_collect: |
| | futures_set.remove(f) |
| | with f._condition: |
| | f._waiters.remove(waiter) |
| | del f |
| | |
| | yield fs.pop() |
| |
|
| |
|
| | def as_completed(fs, timeout=None): |
| | """An iterator over the given futures that yields each as it completes. |
| | |
| | Args: |
| | fs: The sequence of Futures (possibly created by different Executors) to |
| | iterate over. |
| | timeout: The maximum number of seconds to wait. If None, then there |
| | is no limit on the wait time. |
| | |
| | Returns: |
| | An iterator that yields the given Futures as they complete (finished or |
| | cancelled). If any given Futures are duplicated, they will be returned |
| | once. |
| | |
| | Raises: |
| | TimeoutError: If the entire result iterator could not be generated |
| | before the given timeout. |
| | """ |
| | if timeout is not None: |
| | end_time = timeout + time.monotonic() |
| |
|
| | fs = set(fs) |
| | total_futures = len(fs) |
| | with _AcquireFutures(fs): |
| | finished = set( |
| | f for f in fs |
| | if f._state in [CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED, FINISHED]) |
| | pending = fs - finished |
| | waiter = _create_and_install_waiters(fs, _AS_COMPLETED) |
| | finished = list(finished) |
| | try: |
| | yield from _yield_finished_futures(finished, waiter, |
| | ref_collect=(fs,)) |
| |
|
| | while pending: |
| | if timeout is None: |
| | wait_timeout = None |
| | else: |
| | wait_timeout = end_time - time.monotonic() |
| | if wait_timeout < 0: |
| | raise TimeoutError( |
| | '%d (of %d) futures unfinished' % ( |
| | len(pending), total_futures)) |
| |
|
| | waiter.event.wait(wait_timeout) |
| |
|
| | with waiter.lock: |
| | finished = waiter.finished_futures |
| | waiter.finished_futures = [] |
| | waiter.event.clear() |
| |
|
| | |
| | finished.reverse() |
| | yield from _yield_finished_futures(finished, waiter, |
| | ref_collect=(fs, pending)) |
| |
|
| | finally: |
| | |
| | for f in fs: |
| | with f._condition: |
| | f._waiters.remove(waiter) |
| |
|
| | DoneAndNotDoneFutures = collections.namedtuple( |
| | 'DoneAndNotDoneFutures', 'done not_done') |
| | def wait(fs, timeout=None, return_when=ALL_COMPLETED): |
| | """Wait for the futures in the given sequence to complete. |
| | |
| | Args: |
| | fs: The sequence of Futures (possibly created by different Executors) to |
| | wait upon. |
| | timeout: The maximum number of seconds to wait. If None, then there |
| | is no limit on the wait time. |
| | return_when: Indicates when this function should return. The options |
| | are: |
| | |
| | FIRST_COMPLETED - Return when any future finishes or is |
| | cancelled. |
| | FIRST_EXCEPTION - Return when any future finishes by raising an |
| | exception. If no future raises an exception |
| | then it is equivalent to ALL_COMPLETED. |
| | ALL_COMPLETED - Return when all futures finish or are cancelled. |
| | |
| | Returns: |
| | A named 2-tuple of sets. The first set, named 'done', contains the |
| | futures that completed (is finished or cancelled) before the wait |
| | completed. The second set, named 'not_done', contains uncompleted |
| | futures. Duplicate futures given to *fs* are removed and will be |
| | returned only once. |
| | """ |
| | fs = set(fs) |
| | with _AcquireFutures(fs): |
| | done = {f for f in fs |
| | if f._state in [CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED, FINISHED]} |
| | not_done = fs - done |
| | if (return_when == FIRST_COMPLETED) and done: |
| | return DoneAndNotDoneFutures(done, not_done) |
| | elif (return_when == FIRST_EXCEPTION) and done: |
| | if any(f for f in done |
| | if not f.cancelled() and f.exception() is not None): |
| | return DoneAndNotDoneFutures(done, not_done) |
| |
|
| | if len(done) == len(fs): |
| | return DoneAndNotDoneFutures(done, not_done) |
| |
|
| | waiter = _create_and_install_waiters(fs, return_when) |
| |
|
| | waiter.event.wait(timeout) |
| | for f in fs: |
| | with f._condition: |
| | f._waiters.remove(waiter) |
| |
|
| | done.update(waiter.finished_futures) |
| | return DoneAndNotDoneFutures(done, fs - done) |
| |
|
| |
|
| | def _result_or_cancel(fut, timeout=None): |
| | try: |
| | try: |
| | return fut.result(timeout) |
| | finally: |
| | fut.cancel() |
| | finally: |
| | |
| | del fut |
| |
|
| |
|
| | class Future(object): |
| | """Represents the result of an asynchronous computation.""" |
| |
|
| | def __init__(self): |
| | """Initializes the future. Should not be called by clients.""" |
| | self._condition = threading.Condition() |
| | self._state = PENDING |
| | self._result = None |
| | self._exception = None |
| | self._waiters = [] |
| | self._done_callbacks = [] |
| |
|
| | def _invoke_callbacks(self): |
| | for callback in self._done_callbacks: |
| | try: |
| | callback(self) |
| | except Exception: |
| | LOGGER.exception('exception calling callback for %r', self) |
| |
|
| | def __repr__(self): |
| | with self._condition: |
| | if self._state == FINISHED: |
| | if self._exception: |
| | return '<%s at %#x state=%s raised %s>' % ( |
| | self.__class__.__name__, |
| | id(self), |
| | _STATE_TO_DESCRIPTION_MAP[self._state], |
| | self._exception.__class__.__name__) |
| | else: |
| | return '<%s at %#x state=%s returned %s>' % ( |
| | self.__class__.__name__, |
| | id(self), |
| | _STATE_TO_DESCRIPTION_MAP[self._state], |
| | self._result.__class__.__name__) |
| | return '<%s at %#x state=%s>' % ( |
| | self.__class__.__name__, |
| | id(self), |
| | _STATE_TO_DESCRIPTION_MAP[self._state]) |
| |
|
| | def cancel(self): |
| | """Cancel the future if possible. |
| | |
| | Returns True if the future was cancelled, False otherwise. A future |
| | cannot be cancelled if it is running or has already completed. |
| | """ |
| | with self._condition: |
| | if self._state in [RUNNING, FINISHED]: |
| | return False |
| |
|
| | if self._state in [CANCELLED, CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED]: |
| | return True |
| |
|
| | self._state = CANCELLED |
| | self._condition.notify_all() |
| |
|
| | self._invoke_callbacks() |
| | return True |
| |
|
| | def cancelled(self): |
| | """Return True if the future was cancelled.""" |
| | with self._condition: |
| | return self._state in [CANCELLED, CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED] |
| |
|
| | def running(self): |
| | """Return True if the future is currently executing.""" |
| | with self._condition: |
| | return self._state == RUNNING |
| |
|
| | def done(self): |
| | """Return True if the future was cancelled or finished executing.""" |
| | with self._condition: |
| | return self._state in [CANCELLED, CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED, FINISHED] |
| |
|
| | def __get_result(self): |
| | if self._exception: |
| | try: |
| | raise self._exception |
| | finally: |
| | |
| | self = None |
| | else: |
| | return self._result |
| |
|
| | def add_done_callback(self, fn): |
| | """Attaches a callable that will be called when the future finishes. |
| | |
| | Args: |
| | fn: A callable that will be called with this future as its only |
| | argument when the future completes or is cancelled. The callable |
| | will always be called by a thread in the same process in which |
| | it was added. If the future has already completed or been |
| | cancelled then the callable will be called immediately. These |
| | callables are called in the order that they were added. |
| | """ |
| | with self._condition: |
| | if self._state not in [CANCELLED, CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED, FINISHED]: |
| | self._done_callbacks.append(fn) |
| | return |
| | try: |
| | fn(self) |
| | except Exception: |
| | LOGGER.exception('exception calling callback for %r', self) |
| |
|
| | def result(self, timeout=None): |
| | """Return the result of the call that the future represents. |
| | |
| | Args: |
| | timeout: The number of seconds to wait for the result if the future |
| | isn't done. If None, then there is no limit on the wait time. |
| | |
| | Returns: |
| | The result of the call that the future represents. |
| | |
| | Raises: |
| | CancelledError: If the future was cancelled. |
| | TimeoutError: If the future didn't finish executing before the given |
| | timeout. |
| | Exception: If the call raised then that exception will be raised. |
| | """ |
| | try: |
| | with self._condition: |
| | if self._state in [CANCELLED, CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED]: |
| | raise CancelledError() |
| | elif self._state == FINISHED: |
| | return self.__get_result() |
| |
|
| | self._condition.wait(timeout) |
| |
|
| | if self._state in [CANCELLED, CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED]: |
| | raise CancelledError() |
| | elif self._state == FINISHED: |
| | return self.__get_result() |
| | else: |
| | raise TimeoutError() |
| | finally: |
| | |
| | self = None |
| |
|
| | def exception(self, timeout=None): |
| | """Return the exception raised by the call that the future represents. |
| | |
| | Args: |
| | timeout: The number of seconds to wait for the exception if the |
| | future isn't done. If None, then there is no limit on the wait |
| | time. |
| | |
| | Returns: |
| | The exception raised by the call that the future represents or None |
| | if the call completed without raising. |
| | |
| | Raises: |
| | CancelledError: If the future was cancelled. |
| | TimeoutError: If the future didn't finish executing before the given |
| | timeout. |
| | """ |
| |
|
| | with self._condition: |
| | if self._state in [CANCELLED, CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED]: |
| | raise CancelledError() |
| | elif self._state == FINISHED: |
| | return self._exception |
| |
|
| | self._condition.wait(timeout) |
| |
|
| | if self._state in [CANCELLED, CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED]: |
| | raise CancelledError() |
| | elif self._state == FINISHED: |
| | return self._exception |
| | else: |
| | raise TimeoutError() |
| |
|
| | |
| | def set_running_or_notify_cancel(self): |
| | """Mark the future as running or process any cancel notifications. |
| | |
| | Should only be used by Executor implementations and unit tests. |
| | |
| | If the future has been cancelled (cancel() was called and returned |
| | True) then any threads waiting on the future completing (though calls |
| | to as_completed() or wait()) are notified and False is returned. |
| | |
| | If the future was not cancelled then it is put in the running state |
| | (future calls to running() will return True) and True is returned. |
| | |
| | This method should be called by Executor implementations before |
| | executing the work associated with this future. If this method returns |
| | False then the work should not be executed. |
| | |
| | Returns: |
| | False if the Future was cancelled, True otherwise. |
| | |
| | Raises: |
| | RuntimeError: if this method was already called or if set_result() |
| | or set_exception() was called. |
| | """ |
| | with self._condition: |
| | if self._state == CANCELLED: |
| | self._state = CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED |
| | for waiter in self._waiters: |
| | waiter.add_cancelled(self) |
| | |
| | |
| | return False |
| | elif self._state == PENDING: |
| | self._state = RUNNING |
| | return True |
| | else: |
| | LOGGER.critical('Future %s in unexpected state: %s', |
| | id(self), |
| | self._state) |
| | raise RuntimeError('Future in unexpected state') |
| |
|
| | def set_result(self, result): |
| | """Sets the return value of work associated with the future. |
| | |
| | Should only be used by Executor implementations and unit tests. |
| | """ |
| | with self._condition: |
| | if self._state in {CANCELLED, CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED, FINISHED}: |
| | raise InvalidStateError('{}: {!r}'.format(self._state, self)) |
| | self._result = result |
| | self._state = FINISHED |
| | for waiter in self._waiters: |
| | waiter.add_result(self) |
| | self._condition.notify_all() |
| | self._invoke_callbacks() |
| |
|
| | def set_exception(self, exception): |
| | """Sets the result of the future as being the given exception. |
| | |
| | Should only be used by Executor implementations and unit tests. |
| | """ |
| | with self._condition: |
| | if self._state in {CANCELLED, CANCELLED_AND_NOTIFIED, FINISHED}: |
| | raise InvalidStateError('{}: {!r}'.format(self._state, self)) |
| | self._exception = exception |
| | self._state = FINISHED |
| | for waiter in self._waiters: |
| | waiter.add_exception(self) |
| | self._condition.notify_all() |
| | self._invoke_callbacks() |
| |
|
| | __class_getitem__ = classmethod(types.GenericAlias) |
| |
|
| | class Executor(object): |
| | """This is an abstract base class for concrete asynchronous executors.""" |
| |
|
| | def submit(self, fn, /, *args, **kwargs): |
| | """Submits a callable to be executed with the given arguments. |
| | |
| | Schedules the callable to be executed as fn(*args, **kwargs) and returns |
| | a Future instance representing the execution of the callable. |
| | |
| | Returns: |
| | A Future representing the given call. |
| | """ |
| | raise NotImplementedError() |
| |
|
| | def map(self, fn, *iterables, timeout=None, chunksize=1): |
| | """Returns an iterator equivalent to map(fn, iter). |
| | |
| | Args: |
| | fn: A callable that will take as many arguments as there are |
| | passed iterables. |
| | timeout: The maximum number of seconds to wait. If None, then there |
| | is no limit on the wait time. |
| | chunksize: The size of the chunks the iterable will be broken into |
| | before being passed to a child process. This argument is only |
| | used by ProcessPoolExecutor; it is ignored by |
| | ThreadPoolExecutor. |
| | |
| | Returns: |
| | An iterator equivalent to: map(func, *iterables) but the calls may |
| | be evaluated out-of-order. |
| | |
| | Raises: |
| | TimeoutError: If the entire result iterator could not be generated |
| | before the given timeout. |
| | Exception: If fn(*args) raises for any values. |
| | """ |
| | if timeout is not None: |
| | end_time = timeout + time.monotonic() |
| |
|
| | fs = [self.submit(fn, *args) for args in zip(*iterables)] |
| |
|
| | |
| | |
| | def result_iterator(): |
| | try: |
| | |
| | fs.reverse() |
| | while fs: |
| | |
| | if timeout is None: |
| | yield _result_or_cancel(fs.pop()) |
| | else: |
| | yield _result_or_cancel(fs.pop(), end_time - time.monotonic()) |
| | finally: |
| | for future in fs: |
| | future.cancel() |
| | return result_iterator() |
| |
|
| | def shutdown(self, wait=True, *, cancel_futures=False): |
| | """Clean-up the resources associated with the Executor. |
| | |
| | It is safe to call this method several times. Otherwise, no other |
| | methods can be called after this one. |
| | |
| | Args: |
| | wait: If True then shutdown will not return until all running |
| | futures have finished executing and the resources used by the |
| | executor have been reclaimed. |
| | cancel_futures: If True then shutdown will cancel all pending |
| | futures. Futures that are completed or running will not be |
| | cancelled. |
| | """ |
| | pass |
| |
|
| | def __enter__(self): |
| | return self |
| |
|
| | def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb): |
| | self.shutdown(wait=True) |
| | return False |
| |
|
| |
|
| | class BrokenExecutor(RuntimeError): |
| | """ |
| | Raised when a executor has become non-functional after a severe failure. |
| | """ |
| |
|