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All Stakeholders Have a Role to Play in Ridding the World of Chemical Weapons
https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/all-stakeholders-have-role-play-ridding-world-chemical-weapons
26 July 2022 On 29 April this year, we marked the twenty-fifth anniversary of the entry into force of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction (the Chemical Weapons Convention), and the establishment of the Organisation for the P...
Now Is the Time: We Must Find a Global Response to This Most Global of Problems
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/now-time-we-must-find-global-response-most-global-problems
From Vol. XLIV, No. 2, "Green Our World!", 2007 The lines were drawn as the industrialized nations of the Group of Eight gathered in Heiligendamm, Germany on 6 June 2007. The forces mustered to fight global warming were divided into competing camps. Germany and the United Kingdom sought urgent talks on a new clim...
Know Your Ocean. Love Your Ocean.
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/know-your-ocean-love-your-ocean
May 2017, Nos. 1 & 2 Volume LIV, Our Ocean, Our World I was woken in the middle of the night by a thud on the hull of our boat. We rushed up on deck to find we were surrounded by pieces of plastic floating in the ocean. It didn't make any sense. We were over 1000 miles from land. The closest people to us were in the...
Navigating Our Way Towards a Plastic-Free Ocean
https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/navigating-our-way-towards-plastic-free-ocean
28 June 2022One of the things I love about being at sea is that you must constantly react to changes in the environment around you. If the wind picks up or the waves switch direction, you have to adjust your sails and shift your course. Sometimes your life depends on your response.This idea of reacting and shifting dir...
Protecting the Tree of Life: The Path Forward
https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/protecting-tree-life-path-forward
21 May 2023 Life on earth is wondrously diverse. It is made up of keystone species that sustain a profusion of ecosystems all over the world. These systems are finely balanced and interdependent. Remove one keystone species and an entire ecosystem will be drastically changed or could even collapse. This structure is s...
The Secretary-General’s Strategy on New Technologies
https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/secretary-general%E2%80%99s-strategy-new-technologies-0
December 2018, Nos. 3 & 4 Vol. LV, "New Technologies: Where To?" Technological change in the digital era is transformational, but it does not always advance sustainable development or reduce inequality. In some countries today, more people have access to smartphones than access to clean water or adequate sanitati...
The UN Role In Climate Change Action: Taking The Lead Towards A Global Response
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/un-role-climate-change-action-taking-lead-towards-global-response
From Vol. XLIV, No. 2, "Green Our World!", 2007Over the coming weeks and months, the three Special Envoys on climate change appointed by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon will be making whistle-stop tours of key capital cities to build a solid and sustainable consensus on action over climate change. Gro Harlem Brundtlan...
The United Nations and Disarmament Treaties
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/united-nations-and-disarmament-treaties
December 2014, No. 3 Vol. LI, Conference Diplomacy Established upon the ashes of the Second World War to represent “We the Peoples”, it is not surprising that both peace and security were fundamental objectives for the United Nations. While many also wanted disarmament, countervailing lessons were drawn by some pol...
Unlayering of the Ozone: An Earth Sans Sunscreen
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/unlayering-ozone-earth-sans-sunscreen
The formation of the Antarctic ozone hole is a graphic demonstration of how rapidly we can change the atmosphere of our planet. There are many other environmental issues facing us today and we must link them together to understand and debate the underlying causes, rather than treat each issue in isolation. Antarctica i...
Tracking Climate Change From Space
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/tracking-climate-change-space
For centuries, rural communities in the high plateaus of the Andes have utilized water from melting glaciers that typify this amazing mountain range. But the retreat of these glaciers is forcing the communities to reconsider their livelihoods and ways to adapt. From a wider perspective, the melting of glaciers is an ic...
Climate Change and Our Common Future: A Historical Perspective
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/climate-change-and-our-common-future-historical-perspective
I saw at one time 
a leaflet that asked people to come together in stopping climate change. It seems that many are not aware that the climate changes all the time and that the change is not stoppable. Climate changes, however, differ in their timing and magnitude and are a result of many factors, such as the distance b...
Responsible Innovation for a New Era in Science and Technology
https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/responsible-innovation-new-era-science-and-technology
December 2018, Nos. 3 & 4 Vol. LV, "New Technologies: Where To?" Today we are at the dawn of an age of unprecedented technological change. Sometimes referred to as the Fourth Industrial Revolution, this historic moment has inspired a growing consensus that recent developments in science and technology are of a uniq...
In the Beginning
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/beginning
In the beginning, the AIDS epidemic struck like a thief in the night -- suddenly, terrifyingly, and deadly. At first, there were a few cases of a rare malignancy, Kaposi's sarcoma; then came the appearance of Pneumocystis pneumonia; and finally a plethora of opportunistic infections including systemic candidiasis, cryp...
The Scope and Limits of Humanitarian Action in Urban Areas of the Global South
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/scope-and-limits-humanitarian-action-urban-areas-global-south
May 2016, No. 1 Vol. LIII, Humanitarian Action: A Shared Responsibility Our rapidly globalizing and urbanizing world presents a host of complex challenges for humanity and the living environment. These developments pose threats to, as well as opportunities for, ongoing and future humanitarian action. Rather than be li...
The Secretary-General's Agenda: Progress On Disarmament Required For Global Security
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/secretary-generals-agenda-progress-disarmament-required-global-security
It is an honour to suggest agenda items and top priorities in international security for Ban Ki-moon's first term in office as Secretary-General of the United Nations. However, it is also a daunting prospect, given his special expertise in foreign affairs and international security policy.I will consider four overarchi...
Collective Action:The Private Sector's Interest and Role in Collaborating to Address Water Challenges in Urban and Rural Areas
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/collective-actionthe-private-sectors-interest-and-role-collaborating-address-water-challenges-urban
April 2013, No. 1 Vol. L, Water WATER CHALLENGES: SHARED RISK AND SHARED INTEREST As many of us are aware, water poses one of the most critical sustainable development challenges of the twenty-first century. Overall demand for water worldwide has increased steadily over the last century and is expected to continue to...
Challenges to Biosecurity from Advances in the Life Sciences
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/challenges-biosecurity-advances-life-sciences
August 2013, No. 2  Vol. L, Security “Ring farewell to the century of physics, the one in which we split the atom and turned silicon into computing power. It's time to ring in the century of biotechnology.”1 This article summarizes the results of a qualitative risk assessment project on the biosecurity implications o...
Keeping Food Safe, Even in Unexpected Situations
https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/keeping-food-safe-even-unexpected-situations
7 June 2024 Food safety hazards do not recognize borders. In today's interconnected, global food supply, risks posed by unsafe food can quickly escalate from a local issue to an international emergency. Humanitarian crises generated by conflicts and climate change around the world contribute to food insecurity and com...
United Nations Agencies Forward Together in the Response to Violence Against Women
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/united-nations-agencies-forward-together-response-violence-against-women
Momentum is building to eliminate the most pervasive yet least recognized human rights abuse in the world -- violence against women. Studies show that 70 per cent of women experience some form of physical or sexual violence in their lifetime. Everywhere, communities, civil society and governments are mobilizing to end ...
Women and HIV
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/women-and-hiv
What is it with women and girls? Why are we always left behind? Why can't we choose the things we want to be a part of? Why must we always race to the front, rather than be left peacefully alone when we would rather not partake? Is it because, as women, we are strong, powerful, and the foundation of our society?When we...
Peace Is Synonymous With Women’s Rights
https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/peace-synonymous-women%E2%80%99s-rights
This year’s International Day of Peace, observed on 21 September, should start by honouring all the lives that have been lost due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Peace is not only the synonym of harmony, security and well-being, but also a product of equality and non-discrimination. Peace, as we understand it, simply cannot ...
Soils, Where Food Begins
https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/soils-where-food-begins
2 December 2022 Human beings, like microorganisms, plants and animals, need sufficient food to survive. But beyond the provision of basic energy and nutrients, food must also be safe in order to prevent disease and the intake of harmful toxic substances. Soils not only give us 95 per cent of the food we eat, but also...
Next Steps to Universal Nuclear Disarmament
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/next-steps-universal-nuclear-disarmament
The control of nuclear weapons so far It is almost 65 years since the development of the first nuclear bomb, and yet we have had only two cases of use of nuclear weapons in war, namely Hiroshima and Nagasaki. So we have been spared the horror of a large nuclear war during this period when more than 130,000 nuclear weap...
We All Must Take Action
https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/we-all-must-take-action
23 October 2020 We live in turbulent times. Most countries are still battling the COVID-19 pandemic, which has caused so much suffering and loss of life and has disrupted global economies. In addition, there is a far worse threat to our future—the climate crisis. Unfortunately, we have brought these nightmares upon ou...
The Conference on Disarmament: Injecting Political Will
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/conference-disarmament-injecting-political-will
The Conference on Disarmament (CD)* has met in vain for years. After the successful negotiation of the Limited Test Ban Treaty in 1963, the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty in 1970 and, more recently, the Chemical Weapons Convention in 1992, the forum increasingly stagnated. The last time the Conference agreed to negot...
“Bee Engaged with Youth” to Safeguard Bees and Other Pollinators
https://www.un.org/en/%E2%80%9Cbee-engaged-youth%E2%80%9D-safeguard-bees-and-other-pollinators
19 May 2024 Pollination is a fundamental process that is necessary for the survival of our ecosystems. It plays a crucial role in food security and agrobiodiversity. Pollinators support vital ecosystem functions for nature, agriculture and human well-being, acting as the invisible cornerstone of functioning and sustai...
Atomic Power—Saving Lives
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/atomic-power-saving-lives
December 2015, No. 3 Vol. LII, Sustainable Energy The Problems We Face In 2015, the United Nations adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for the world. These are summarized broadly as ending poverty, ensuring access to food, clean water, energy, global health and education, achieving gender equality, secu...
Women's Participation in Transforming Conflict and Violent Extremism
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/womens-participation-transforming-conflict-and-violent-extremism
April 2015, No. 4 Vol. LII, Implementing the 2030 Agenda: The Challenge of Conflict Few countries in the world match Pakistan in its political, social or economic complexities and security­related challenges. It is a country of nearly 200 million people, from over a dozen ethnic and minority groups, and myriad tribes ...
Towards a Planet-wide Culture of Non-Violence
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/towards-planet-wide-culture-non-violence
From times immemorial, humankind, in its brief history on planet Earth, has caused and experienced for itself unimaginable horrors and carnage. Violence is commonly used to settle disputes or to gain advantage over others. This is amply documented and evident even today as I write. Not only have we humans annihilated t...
Girls in War: Sex Slave, Mother, Domestic Aide, Combatant
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/girls-war-sex-slave-mother-domestic-aide-combatant
"The attackers tied me up and raped me because I was fighting. About five of them did the same thing to me until one of the commanders who knew my father came and stopped them, but also took me to his house to make me his wife. I just accepted him because of fear and didn't want to say no because he might do the same t...
Towards Cyberpeace: Managing Cyberwar Through International Cooperation
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/towards-cyberpeace-managing-cyberwar-through-international-cooperation
August 2013, No. 2  Vol. L, Security The ubiquitous use of information and communication technologies (ICT) serves both as an enabler of growth and innovation as well as the source of asymmetrical cyberthreats. Around the globe, about 2 million people are connected to the Internet, and the use of the Internet and ICT-...
HIV/AIDS: Will We Win and When?
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/hivaids-will-we-win-and-when
It is very apt that the evolution of the HIV/AIDS epidemic should be considered in the context of global health. One of the critical aspects of global health as a field of study and practice is that it seeks not only the general improvement of health in the world, but more importantly seeks to reduce the inequalities b...
The Sustainable Development Goals and a Substantial Reduction in Illicit Arms Flows
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/sustainable-development-goals-and-substantial-reduction-illicit-arms-flows
A substantial reduction in the illicit financial arms flows is another benchmark in achieving shared goals of global agendas of disarmament and development for dealing with the changing threats to international peace and security. Underdevelopment, maldevelopment and lack of development is a non-military threat to inte...
Applying the Law of the Sea to Protect International Shipping
https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/applying-law-sea-protect-international-shipping
28 February 2024 In recent decades, global shipping—carrier of 80 per cent of world trade—has faced numerous threats that challenge the long-established right to freedom of navigation for all merchant ships. Piracy, hijackings, armed robbery, regional conflict and the COVID-19 pandemic have put seafarers’ lives and we...
Industrial and Rural Energy in China: Innovative Private-Sector Initiatives Lead the Way
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/industrial-and-rural-energy-china-innovative-private-sector-initiatives-lead-way
From Vol. XLIV, No. 2, "Green Our World!",  June 2007China's massive industrial sector is an economic juggernaut, helping to drive national gross domestic product (GDP) growth rates of around 10 per cent per year. But while the country's highly productive factories and plants may be boosting national prosperity, their ...
Achieving Zero New Victims of Landmines
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/achieving-zero-new-victims-landmines
As we think about how to reduce and eliminate new victims of landmines, we are reminded of the remarkable advances during the evolution of mine action work which began with the Mine Action Programme for Afghanistan in 1989. Our determination to live in a world free from the threat of landmines and explosive remnants of...
Goal 6—Rising to the Challenge: Enabling Access to Clean and Safe Water Globally
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/goal-6-rising-challenge-enabling-access-clean-and-safe-water-globally
April 2015, No. 4 Vol. LI, Beyond 2015 Access to clean, safe and secure water resources is an essential prerequisite for communities to prosper. While access to water and sanitation is often taken for granted in developed countries, this basic right is denied to many across the globe every day. Sustainable developm...
Goal 12—Ensuring Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns: An Essential Requirement for Sustainable Development
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/goal-12-ensuring-sustainable-consumption-and-production-patterns-essential-requirement-sustainable
April 2015, No. 4 Vol. LI, Beyond 2015 Goal 12 of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) proposed by the Open Working Group (OWG) of the General Assembly of the United Nations is aiming at ensuring sustainable consumption and production (SCP) patterns. Why is this an imperative for sustainable development? The Im...
Saving Water, Saving Lives
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/saving-water-saving-lives
Water is a basic necessity of life, and it may seem inconceivable to imagine living without it. But the stark reality is that many people around the world do. The availability of fresh water for drinking and sanitation poses an urgent and challenging problem, particularly in many developing countries.The World Health O...
The Challenge Of Building Consensus Beyond The Scientific Community
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/challenge-building-consensus-beyond-scientific-community
From Vol. XLIV, No. 2, "Green Our World!", 2007The imminence and severity of problems posed by the accelerating changes in the global climate are becoming increasingly evident. Heatwaves are increasing in severity, droughts and downpours are becoming more intense, the Greenland ice sheet is shrinking, sea levels are ri...
Feeding the World Sustainably
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/feeding-world-sustainably
June 2012, No. 1 & 2 Vol. XLIX, The Future We Want? The 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro was memorable for its landmark agreements to guide sustainable development worldwide. The first principle of the 1992 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development states: "Human beings are at the centre of concern for susta...
The Promise Of Solar Energy: A Low-Carbon Energy Strategy For The 21st Century
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/promise-solar-energy-low-carbon-energy-strategy-21st-century
From Vol. XLIV, No. 2, "Green Our World!", 2007In an increasingly carbon-constrained world, solar energy technologies represent one of the least carbon-intensive means of electricity generation. Solar power produces no emissions during generation itself, and life-cycle assessments clearly demonstrate that it has a smal...
Protecting Ocean Health Will Protect the Health of Humankind
https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/protecting-ocean-health-will-protect-health-humankind
8 June 2020 World Oceans Day is celebrated on 8 June, usually with gatherings of experts and decision makers dedicated to protecting marine ecosystems. This year, many of us planned to spend the preceding days at the UN Ocean Conference in Lisbon, Portugal, assessing progress towards Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)...
The Gates of Paradise are Open…but Who Benefits? Experiences from Post-War Sri Lanka
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/gates-paradise-are-openbut-who-benefits-experiences-post-war-sri-lanka
October 2017, No. 3 Vol. LIV 2017, Prevention This article is written in response to the theme of “eradicating poverty as a means of conflict prevention”. By asking whether the eradication of poverty prevents conflict, we reflect upon its complexity and interdependence with other aspects of modern day life. To focus s...
Partnerships for Progress: Non-traditional Resources for Peacekeeping Technology
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/partnerships-progress-non-traditional-resources-peacekeeping-technology
With a birds-eye-view over the palm trees, perched on an 11-metre (36-foot) tall tower, Chhetra Rana, Field Communications Manager, CITS Bukavu (also pictured right) and Omer Bulambo, Radio Technician, CITS Bukavu (yellow helmet) connect the scanner to the main processor unit of the Rohn 25 radar system during the init...
The Role of Fossil Fuels in a Sustainable Energy System
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/role-fossil-fuels-sustainable-energy-system
December 2015, No. 3 Vol. LII, Sustainable Energy Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time. Equally important, however, is the need to ensure access to energy for quality of life and for economic development. It is therefore critically important to address climate change as part of the sustainabl...
Academic Impact and Education for Sustainable Development: The Contribution of Black Sea Region Universities
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/academic-impact-and-education-sustainable-development-contribution-black-sea-region-universities
The Black Sea region has been defined as a cradle of human civilization. Among its past historical riches, the region is home to the Legend of Jason and the Argonauts and their search for the Golden Fleece, and the biblical account of Noah's Ark. Athens, Istanbul, Odessa, Sevastopol, Troy, and Yalta are just a few of t...
Gender Equality and Sustainable Development
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/gender-equality-and-sustainable-development
June 2012, No. 1 & 2 Vol. XLIX, The Future We Want? Championed by a wide range of stakeholders from civil society and the Women's Major Group, to Governments and United Nations agencies, the Rio+20 Conference in June will no doubt include gender equality in several places of its outcome document. What will this mean...
Health and Food Security: Benefits from Climate Change Mitigation
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/health-and-food-security-benefits-climate-change-mitigation
June 2012, No. 1 & 2 Vol. XLIX, The Future We Want? Societies must find a way to stop the rapid growth in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions to avoid a disastrous future for our planet. As the greatest contributor to global warming, CO2 is the natural focus of current climate negotiations. Unfortunately, one of the very...
Fostering Peace and Sustainable Development
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/fostering-peace-and-sustainable-development
April 2015, No. 4 Vol. LII, Implementing the 2030 Agenda: The Challenge of Conflict The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 25 September 2015, recognizes not only that peace and security are prerequisites for achieving sustainable development, but that sustainable...
Water Brings People Together to Create a Better Planet
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/water-brings-people-together-create-better-planet
April 2013, No. 1 Vol. L, Water A report from the 2030 Water Resources Group (November 2009), Charting Our Water Future: Economic world, water demand will exceed supply by 50 per cent. This is an alarming figure and shows the importance of access to this essential resource. Quick, evidence-based decision-making by nat...
The Role of the International Maritime Organization in Preventing the Pollution of the World's Oceans from Ships and Shipping
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/role-international-maritime-organization-preventing-pollution-worlds-oceans-ships-and-shipping
May 2017, Nos. 1 & 2 Volume LIV, Our Ocean, Our World Shipping is a key user of the oceans, delivering more than 80 per cent of world trade, taking ferry passengers to their destinations and carrying millions of tourists on cruises. Annually, more than 50,000 seagoing ships carry between them more than 10 billion to...
Building Worldwide Expertise to Detect and Seize Illegally Traded Wildlife
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/building-worldwide-expertise-detect-and-seize-illegally-traded-wildlife
September 2014, No. 2 Vol.LI, Illegal Wildlife Trade The effective monitoring and control of transboundary movements is a key component of wildlife protection. In most countries, this task falls upon Customs which is at the forefront of efforts to counter wildlife trafficking and ensure that trade in wild plants an...
If You Want the Peace of the Dead, Prepare for Nuclear War
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/if-you-want-peace-dead-prepare-nuclear-war
December 2011, No. 4 Vol. XLVIII, 7 Billion People, 1 United Nations, Hand in Hands The world faces two existential threats: climate change, and nuclear Armageddon. Action on both is required urgently. Tackling the first will impose significant economic costs and lifestyle adjustments, while tackling the second will b...
Climate Change Poses a Threat to Our Oceans
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/climate-change-poses-threat-our-oceans
May 2017, Nos. 1 & 2 Volume LIV, Our Ocean, Our World In 2016, the First Global Integrated Marine Assessment, also known as the World Ocean Assessment I, was published. The introduction of the report is fascinating. It states that 70 per cent of the planet's surface is covered by water and that the average depth is ...
Cooperation on Water Research and Education between the Universities from the Black Sea Region
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/cooperation-water-research-and-education-between-universities-black-sea-region
April 2013, No. 1 Vol. L, Water The Danube-Mediterranean-Black Sea region is  defined in terms of a macrosystem that incorporates water and wildlife dynamics, anthropogenic pressures,  socioeconomic patterns and transport and industrial chains. In terms of water dynamics, the Danube River, with a mean water discharge...
Teaching The UN Through Experiential Education
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/teaching-un-through-experiential-education
“As educators…you can help students grow into…a global civic identity and understand how their decisions have an impact ranging well beyond their immediate vicinity. The United Nations is uniquely placed to work with you in instilling a sense of global citizenship in today’s youth.” Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, 30 Ja...
National Security and Pandemics
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/national-security-and-pandemics
August 2013, No. 2  Vol. L, Security Pandemics are for the most part disease outbreaks that become widespread as a result of the spread of human-to-human infection.1 Beyond the debilitating, sometimes fatal, consequences for those directly affected, pandemics have a range of negative social, economic and political con...
The Future of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/future-comprehensive-nuclear-test-ban-treaty
The world's first nuclear test, "Trinity", took place on 16 July 1945, in a torrid desert in New Mexico which the Spanish Conquistadores had named Jornada del Muerto (Journey of the Dead Man). In the decades that followed, over 2,000 such tests occurred in eight countries, some in the atmosphere, some underground and o...
A Nuclear-Weapons-Free World: Is It Achievable?
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/nuclear-weapons-free-world-it-achievable
After the worst of times, we are perhaps entering the best of times for proponents of nuclear disarmament. At long last, advocates of the elimination of nuclear weapons have reason for some guarded optimism. The road to a nuclear-weapons-free world will be long and bumpy, but those expected to take the initiative seem ...
Where Food And Energy Compete
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/where-food-and-energy-compete
Since 2007, global food and energy prices have been increasing steeply, hitting economies reliant on energy and food imports with great force like a "silent tsunami".1 Rising food costs have led to social unrest in some 30 countries. Food and energy security is more closely connected with political stability than ever ...