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Romain Poletti (born 3 September 1988) is a French footballer who last plays as a defender for FC Bastelicaccia.
Early life
Poletti started as a striker before switching to defender.
Career
In 2013, Poletti signed for French side CA Bastia, helping the club achieve promotion. By the summer of that year, he had achieved four promotions in his career.
In 2014, he signed for French side US Boulogne, where he was regarded as unable to establish himself as a consistent starter for the club. After that, he signed for Frenhc side US Colomiers Football, where he was described as "made a place for himself on the left side of the defense". In 2016, he signed for French side Orvault Sports Football, where he captained the club.
Style of play
Poletti mainly operates as a defender and has been described as "aggressive and having a good shot".
Personal life
Poletti is a native of Nantes, France.
References
External links
1988 births
Living people
French men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
CA Bastia players
Gazélec Ajaccio players
SO Châtellerault players
Tarbes Pyrénées Football players
US Boulogne players
US Colomiers Football players
USJA Carquefou players
Vannes OC players
Championnat National players |
Michael "Hoggy" Hogben (born 6 November 1952) is an English auctioneer, antiques dealer, Author and TV personality who has appeared in the BBC series Bargain Hunt, ITV's Dickinson's Real Deal, and his own series Auction Man.
Early life
Born in Foord Road in Folkestone, Kent, Hogben's mother died when he was five leaving him and his brother with their father. Hogben purposefully failed his Eleven-plus examination to attend the same school as his brother.
After both brothers graduated from school, Hogben's father emigrated to Australia leaving the two boys to fend for themselves. Hogben left school at 15 and two years later came into a small inheritance, which he invested in opening a fashion boutique called "Mickey Finn". Over the next ten years he expanded with outlets throughout Kent.
Hogben then sold the fashion chain, and invested in Kent's first wine bar – McCartney's – in Dover. Having studied art, in 1988 he opened his own auction house in Folkestone, which then traded until he sold it in 2004. In 2013 Michael and his wife Lesley opened Westenhanger Auction Galleries, an auction house offering eight specialist auctions per year.
Television
Hogben became a Bargain Hunt expert when four of the earliest shows visited his auction rooms to sell contestant's items. The producer liked Hogben's style and he was offered a position. Hogben said yes, but in his first show declared a pair of Art Deco vases Art Nouveau. Hogben holds the record for the largest profit on a single item on "Bargain Hunt", when a team he led purchased a Royal Worcester box at Ardingly Fair for £140, then made £800 in a live auction shown on BBC One.
After screen testing for "Flog It!" for the BBC, Hogben decided against presenting in favour of his business. His style made him a choice for his own show, which was created with the BBC series Auction Man. Focusing on his auction rooms, the show demonstrates how the auction room works, focusing mainly on Michael and his family, and staff . The show also includes viewers' tips on spotting auction bargains, as well as celebrities, sharp customers and the unscrupulous dealers. The show ran for two series.
Hogben currently appears on his friend David Dickinson's ITV 1 show Dickinson's Real Deal.
Personal life
Hogben and his long term partner Lesley married in 2000 after living together for a long time; the comedian Vic Reeves was best man.
Michael has had three books published: A-Z of Antiques and Auctions, 101 Antiques of the Future, and Collecting Under the Radar.
Works
"Michael Hogben: A-Z of Antiques and Auction" -
"101 Antiques of the future" (New Holland) 2007
"Collecting Under the Radar: Tomorrow's Antiques" (Red Rock Press) American only-April 2009
References
"Antiques show star opens auction house in Kent railway building". Kentnews.co.uk.
"ONE life | Auction Man | Coronation Street". The Guardian.
"TV auction star Michael Hogben 'hacking' victim". Folkestone Herald.
External links
Personal website
1952 births
Living people
People from Folkestone
People from Hythe, Kent
Antiques experts
English television presenters
English auctioneers |
Avdotyino () is a rural locality (a village) in Malyginskoye Rural Settlement, Kovrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 62 as of 2010.
Geography
Avdotyino is located 16 km north of Kovrov (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shirokovo is the nearest rural locality.
References
Rural localities in Kovrovsky District |
Crooked Lake is a lake located by Tully Center, New York. Fish species present in the lake include largemouth bass, yellow perch, and pumpkinseed sunfish. There is access via fee boat launch on the west shore off Long Road.
References
Lakes of New York (state)
Lakes of Onondaga County, New York |
Robinson Maneuver Training Center, also known as Camp Joseph T. Robinson, is a Arkansas Army National Guard installation located in North Little Rock which hosts Joint Forces Headquarters, Arkansas National Guard; Headquarters, Arkansas Air National Guard; Headquarters, 77th Combat Aviation Brigade; Headquarters, 87th Troop Command; and Camp Pike (U.S. Armed Forces Reserve Complex). The state installation is also home to three National Guard training centers: The National Guard Professional Education Center (PEC), the National Guard Marksmanship Training Center (NGMTC), and the 233d Regiment (Regional Training Institute).
History
Established on 18 July 1917, the facility was originally named Camp Pike in honor of U.S. Army Brigadier General Zebulon Pike. Camp construction was supervised by Major John R. Fordyce, the son of Samuel W. Fordyce. It was garrisoned by the 162d Depot Brigade and used for the mobilization of the 87th Division during World War I. From 1919 to 1921, Camp Pike was the home of the 3rd Division. In 1921, the 3rd Division was relocated to Camp Lewis in Washington state and the facility was transferred to the Arkansas National Guard. In 1922, the Arkansas National Guard headquarters were moved there. In 1937, it was renamed Camp Joseph T. Robinson in honor of the late U.S. senator Joseph T. Robinson of Arkansas.
In 1939, discussions began to enlarge the facility and create a U.S. Army training camp there in preparation for World War II. The original buildings built for World War I were demolished, and construction of the new enlarged camp began in 1940. In 1941, it became the home of the 35th Infantry Division. In 1943, three detention compounds with a 4,000-bed total capacity were built for German prisoners of war. In 1945, a fourth 1,100-bed compound was added. In 1946, Camp Joseph T. Robinson was returned to state control.
Units
List of units at Robinson:
77th Combat Aviation Brigade
87th Troop Command Headquarters
HHC, 87th Troop Command
Recruiting and Retention Command
106th Army Band
61st Civil Support Team
39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team Brigade Headquarters
HHC, Infantry Brigade Combat Team
Company A, 239th Brigade Engineer Battalion
Company D, 239th Brigade Engineer Battalion
Joint Force Headquarters
RMTC Institute Support Unit
Army Aviation Support Facility
Detachment 30, Operational Support Airlift Command
Medical Command
233d Regiment (Regional Training Institute)
National Guard Marksmanship Training Center
326th Trial Defense Team
Military education
National Guard Professional Education Center
Robinson is home to the PEC and its 75-acre campus consisting of 25 buildings and a total staff of approximately 420 military, civilian contractor personnel. We annually provide instruction to over 20,000 members of the military force. The Professional Education Center also hosts over 5,000 conferees annually from the National Guard, Army Reserve, Active Army, DOD, State and Federal agencies. These conferences typically provide 3 to 5 day training sessions covering specific subjects and discussions on a wide variety of issues such as: mobilizations and deployments; standards; new tactics, techniques, and procedures; and leadership development. The Army National Guard Senior Commanders' Conference, FORSCOM Command Readiness Program Conference, Winston P. Wilson Marksmanship Competition, Training and Requirements Opportunities Sourcing Conference, Army National Guard Fixed Wing Conference, and the Army National Guard Chief of Staff Advisory Council Conference are just a few of the conferences held at PEC.
National Guard Marksmanship Training Center
The Marksmanship Training Center (MTC) programs and provides institutional training within Marksmanship related activities which will enhance effectiveness of unit level training programs in the Army and Air National Guard and missions based on the collective requirements identified by NGB-ART-I (Individual Training Branch), the Army Program for Individual Training (ARPRINT) for the Army National Guard, the U.S. Army Reserve (USAR), and the Active Component (AC) in support of the Army's Modular Force. Administer NGB Marksmanship training and competitive programs at all levels, stressing the development of combat skills to improve proficiency above basic marksmanship requirements and increase battlefield survivability. Provides training, training support and validation of mission essential task performance for the Army SNIPER training programs. Conduct mobile training team assistance and/or assessment visits to units. The MTC provides coordinating authority, quality assurance (QA), assessment and accreditation oversight for training responsibilities. The MTC provides for the review and development of associated TATS courseware in response to the Army's training needs and the Contemporary Operating Environment (COE). Additionally, the MTC provides operational, training, administrative, logistical, and resource management support as required to accomplish the mission to train the Army Warrior within each respective State and Territory as specified and approved by The Adjutant General (TAG).
Regional Training Institute
The 233d Regiment (Regional Training Institute) has a long and proud history. It began in 1957 with the first Officer Candidate Class. For the next 39 years the Arkansas Military Academy built a proud heritage in the Arkansas National Guard setting the standard for some of the best officers in the Army. The RTI provides training to Soldiers from all 54 States and Territories.
In 1984, General Herbert Temple had a vision to develop a two-week course that would hone and improve the soldier combat skills needed to win on the modern battlefield. For ten years the Battle Skills School trained soldiers from all over the United States on the basic skills of survival and small unit tactics.
The Total Army School System took shape in Arkansas as the 233d Regiment (Regional Training Institute) in October 1994. The 233d RTI was organized from the Arkansas Military Academy and the Battle Skills School combining their respective TDAs.
The Mission of the RTI is to train infantry and artillery, and communications military occupational specialties, as well as non-commissioned officer education, and officer candidate school. The 233rd operates the second largest infantry school in the Army, only second to Fort Benning. Approximately 1,930 soldiers graduated training at the RTI during Fiscal Year 06.
References
External links
1917 establishments in Arkansas
Arkansas National Guard
Buildings and structures in North Little Rock, Arkansas
Civilian Conservation Corps in Arkansas
Cold War military installations of the United States
Installations of the United States Army National Guard
Military installations established in 1917
Military installations in Arkansas
Training installations of the United States Army
United States home front during World War I
World War I sites in the United States
World War II prisoner-of-war camps in the United States |
Josh Watson (born May 20, 1996) is an American football linebacker who is a free agent. He played college football at Colorado State.
Early life and high school
Watson was born in Kansas City, Missouri and grew up in Blue Springs, Missouri and attended Blue Springs South High School. As a senior, he was named first-team All-Missouri and won the Mike Jones Award as the best linebacker in MSHSAA Class 6 after setting school records for tackles in a season with 177 and tackles in a game with 31.
College career
Watson was a member of the Colorado State Rams for five seasons, redshirting his true freshman year. He played in all 13 of the Rams games as a redshirt freshman, making 37 tackles (six for loss) with one sack. He became a starter the following season and finished as CSU's second leading tackler with 90 tackles along with 7.5 tackles for a loss and 1.5 sacks. He finished his redshirt junior season with a team-high 109 tackles and 5.0 tackles for loss, 2.0 sacks, two interceptions, one forced fumble, one fumble recovery and seven pass breakups and was named honorable mention All-Mountain West Conference. He again led the Rams in tackles with 131, including 8.5 tackles for loss and one sack, with four passes broken up and two fumble recoveries and was named second-team All-Mountain West. Watson finished his collegiate career with 367 career tackles (27 for a loss), 3.5 sacks and two interceptions in 51 games played.
Professional career
Denver Broncos
Watson signed with the Denver Broncos as an undrafted free agent on April 27, 2019. He was waived at the end of training camp during final roster cuts but was re-signed to the Broncos' practice squad on September 1, 2019. The Broncos promoted Watson to the active roster on November 1. He made his NFL debut on November 3, 2019 against the Cleveland Browns.
On September 5, 2020, Watson was waived by the Broncos, and was signed to the practice squad the following day. He was elevated to the active roster on October 1, October 17, November 14, November 21, November 28, December 5, December 12, and December 18 for the team's weeks 4, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 games against the New York Jets, New England Patriots, Las Vegas Raiders, Miami Dolphins, New Orleans Saints, Kansas City Chiefs, Carolina Panthers, and Buffalo Bills, and reverted to the practice squad after each game. His eight weekly elevations were the most in the NFL in 2020. He was promoted to the active roster on January 2, 2021.On August 24, 2021, he was waived by the Broncos. He was waived on August 24, 2021.
Los Angeles Chargers
On October 5, 2021, Watson was signed to the Los Angeles Chargers practice squad. He was released on October 25.
Carolina Panthers
On November 12, 2021, Watson was signed to the Carolina Panthers practice squad. He was released on December 16.
Houston Texans
On December 21, 2021, Watson was signed to the Houston Texans practice squad. He signed a reserve/future contract with the Texans on January 11, 2022. He was waived on March 23, 2022.
Carolina Panthers (second stint)
On August 17, 2022, Watson signed with the Carolina Panthers. He was released on August 30.
Arlington Renegades
On November 17, 2022, Watson was drafted by the Arlington Renegades of the XFL.
Personal life
Watson's father, Steven, played college football at Arkansas-Pine Bluff. He is a cousin of Heisman Trophy winner and NFL running back Billy Sims.
References
External links
Colorado State Rams bio
Denver Broncos bio
1996 births
Living people
Players of American football from Kansas City, Missouri
American football linebackers
Colorado State Rams football players
Denver Broncos players
Los Angeles Chargers players
Carolina Panthers players
Houston Texans players
Arlington Renegades players |
Urgleptes freudei is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Gilmour in 1959.
References
Urgleptes
Beetles described in 1959 |
Shadow of Darkness (; alternatively Sror Morl Anthakal) is a 1989 Cambodian historical drama film written and directed by Yvon Hem. It is the first Cambodian film to be set during the Democratic Kampuchea era, as previous films about the period such as The Killing Fields and Nine Circles of Hell were from foreign countries. The film tells the fictional story of Visal, who survived the tragic execution of his family by the Khmer Rouge and escapes toward Vietnam.
Cast
Thoang Vutha
Pisith Pilika
Accolades
2009 CamboFest
Grabay Meas (Golden Water Buffalo)
References
1989 films
Cambodian drama films
1980s historical drama films
Films set in the 1970s
Khmer-language films
Films about the Cambodian genocide |
Rudnik () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szamotuły, within Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately south-east of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań.
References
Rudnik |
```c++
//=======================================================================
// Authors: Andrew Lumsdaine, Lie-Quan Lee, Jeremy G. Siek
//
// accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// path_to_url
//=======================================================================
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <utility>
#include <string>
#include <boost/graph/adjacency_list.hpp>
#include <boost/graph/graph_utility.hpp>
#include <boost/property_map/property_map.hpp>
/*
Sample Output
graph name: foo
0 --joe--> 1
1 --joe--> 0 --curly--> 2 --dick--> 3
2 --curly--> 1 --tom--> 4
3 --dick--> 1 --harry--> 4
4 --tom--> 2 --harry--> 3
(0,1) (1,2) (1,3) (2,4) (3,4)
removing edge (1,3):
0 --joe--> 1
1 --joe--> 0 --curly--> 2
2 --curly--> 1 --tom--> 4
3 --harry--> 4
4 --tom--> 2 --harry--> 3
(0,1) (1,2) (2,4) (3,4)
*/
struct EdgeProperties {
EdgeProperties(const std::string& n) : name(n) { }
std::string name;
};
struct VertexProperties {
std::size_t index;
boost::default_color_type color;
};
int main(int , char* [])
{
using namespace boost;
using namespace std;
typedef adjacency_list<vecS, listS, undirectedS,
VertexProperties, EdgeProperties> Graph;
const int V = 5;
Graph g(V);
property_map<Graph, std::size_t VertexProperties::*>::type
id = get(&VertexProperties::index, g);
property_map<Graph, std::string EdgeProperties::*>::type
name = get(&EdgeProperties::name, g);
boost::graph_traits<Graph>::vertex_iterator vi, viend;
int vnum = 0;
for (boost::tie(vi,viend) = vertices(g); vi != viend; ++vi)
id[*vi] = vnum++;
add_edge(vertex(0, g), vertex(1, g), EdgeProperties("joe"), g);
add_edge(vertex(1, g), vertex(2, g), EdgeProperties("curly"), g);
add_edge(vertex(1, g), vertex(3, g), EdgeProperties("dick"), g);
add_edge(vertex(2, g), vertex(4, g), EdgeProperties("tom"), g);
add_edge(vertex(3, g), vertex(4, g), EdgeProperties("harry"), g);
graph_traits<Graph>::vertex_iterator i, end;
graph_traits<Graph>::out_edge_iterator ei, edge_end;
for (boost::tie(i,end) = vertices(g); i != end; ++i) {
cout << id[*i] << " ";
for (boost::tie(ei,edge_end) = out_edges(*i, g); ei != edge_end; ++ei)
cout << " --" << name[*ei] << "--> " << id[target(*ei, g)] << " ";
cout << endl;
}
print_edges(g, id);
cout << endl << "removing edge (1,3): " << endl;
remove_edge(vertex(1, g), vertex(3, g), g);
ei = out_edges(vertex(1, g), g).first;
cout << "removing edge (" << id[source(*ei, g)]
<< "," << id[target(*ei, g)] << ")" << endl;
remove_edge(ei, g);
for(boost::tie(i,end) = vertices(g); i != end; ++i) {
cout << id[*i] << " ";
for (boost::tie(ei,edge_end) = out_edges(*i, g); ei != edge_end; ++ei)
cout << " --" << name[*ei] << "--> " << id[target(*ei, g)] << " ";
cout << endl;
}
print_edges(g, id);
return 0;
}
``` |
Kris Fair (born August 19, 1984) is an American politician who is a member for the Maryland House of Delegates in District 3 in Frederick County, Maryland.
Background
Fair grew up in Mount Airy, Maryland, and graduated from Linganore High School in 2002. He later attended Frederick Community College, where he received an Bachelor's degree in general studies in 2008, and Hood College, where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in political science and history in 2013. Fair was the manager of New York, New York Salon in Frederick for 17 years until he left in 2021. Fair was also the chair of the Student Homelessness Initiative Partnership from 2017 to 2021.
Fair first got involved with politics in 2012, serving as a Frederick County campaign coordinator for Question 6. He later served as the vice-chair of the Frederick County Democratic Central Committee, and as the Frederick County Democratic Party campaign manager in 2014. In January 2017, Fair announced that he would run for the Frederick City Board of Aldermen. His candidacy was backed by county executive Jan Gardner, state senator Ron Young, and various county council members and city aldermen. His platform included improving the city's infrastructure, providing equitable services, and supporting a responsive government. He came in sixth place in the nonpartisan primary, receiving 10.2 percent of the vote.
In May 2018, Fair launched the Maryland LGBT PAC, a political action committee that seeks to support openly-LGBT candidates. He currently serves as the executive director of The Frederick Center, a local advocacy group for LGBTQ individuals.
During the 2021 legislative session, Fair worked as a legislative director for state delegate Karen Lewis Young. He stepped down from the position in January 2022 to run for the Maryland House of Delegates, seeking to succeed Young. During the primary, he was endorsed by Young and her husband, Ron Young, the Maryland State Teachers Association, and half a dozen local elected officials. Kris won the Democratic primary, coming in second place behind incumbent state Delegate Ken Kerr with 19.7 percent of the vote.
In the legislature
Fair was sworn into the Maryland House of Delegates on January 11, 2023. He is the first openly gay lawmaker from western Maryland, and is a member of the House Ways and Means Committee. Kris was appointed the chair of Maryland’s LGBTQ+ Caucus during the 2023 session.
Political positions
Climate change
During his House of Delegates campaign, Fair called climate change the "[number one] threat to our humanity". He ran on a platform that included advancing the Climate Solutions Now Act, an omnibus bill passed by the Maryland General Assembly during the 2022 legislative session that would reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 60 percent by 2030, while also advocating for the state to provide agricultural workers with resources to implement regenerative farming techniques and increase biodiversity in their fields.
Education
Fair supports the Blueprint for Maryland's Future, a sweeping education reform bill passed in 2021, and says he would work to ensure that the funding provided through the Blueprint is spent as legislators intended.
Social issues
Fair supported a bill introduced by Delegate Karen Lewis Young during the 2020 legislative session that would prohibit hospitals and related institutions from discriminating against admitting or providing care to people on the basis of "sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, religion or creed, citizenship, age, physical or mental disability, [or] genetic information".
Transportation
Fair does not support proposals to widen Interstate 270 and the Capital Beltway, instead supporting efforts to make the state's mass transportation options, such as MARC Trains, more accessible in the state. He also supports expanding the Red Line to Urbana.
Personal life
Fair is openly gay and married to his husband Dominick Fair as of August 2013.
Electoral history
References
External links
21st-century American politicians
1984 births
Democratic Party members of the Maryland House of Delegates
Gay politicians
LGBT people from Maryland
LGBT state legislators in Maryland
Living people
People from Mount Airy, Maryland
Year of birth uncertain
21st-century American LGBT people |
The Karaoke King is a 2007 comedy film directed by Dan Mackler and JJ Ruscella. The film is loosely based on William Shakespeare's play, Julius Caesar.
Plot
It revolves around a fictional bar named Lil's in Central Florida, known as the birthplace of karaoke in the United States. For as long as anyone can remember, one man named Eddie Bowman has won the weekly Wednesday night karaoke competition. The film follows one fateful night where Eddie battles between his long-time girlfriend, Nikki, and his long-time nemesis, Rupert Goldfine to determine who is going to be the next reigning Karaoke King.
Cast
Ed Donovan as the Bar owner
Ken Wilder as Eddie Bowman
Anil Kumar as Rupert D. Goldfine
Lisa K. Bryant as Nikki Derringer
David Knoell as Devon Smallwood
Darlin Barry as Lil Derringer
Annie Meisels as Jenny Mae Mayweather
Aaron Kirkpatrick as Billy Mayweather
Brian Vernon as Harold DuPont
John Archer Lundgren as The Colonel
Hank Stone as Cooter
John Wayne Schaffer as Monty
Keston John as KJ Diggs
Donté Bonner as KJ Spins
Ron Zarr as Miss Fuji
Sam Singhause as Carl Derringer/Young Miss Fuji
Linda Landry as Young Lil
Tad Ingram as Jared/Health Inspector
Jenny Ashman as Madeline
Giancarlo Damiani as Manny
Ayla Harrison as Patrick
J.J. Ruscella as Herman
Chris Niess as Nelson
Fieli Deurs as Taka
Amanda Clark as Melissa
Many of the film's cast and crew included faculty and students from University of Central Florida.
External links
Shirt Room Karaoke
Karaoke
2007 films
2000s musical films
2007 comedy-drama films
2000s English-language films
Films based on Julius Caesar (play) |
"Wishin' and Hopin'" is the fourteenth episode of the third season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, and the show's 50th episode overall. It was written by Tony Phelan and Joan Rater and directed by Julie Anne Robinson. The episode originally aired on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States on February 1, 2007. In the episode, Dr. Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) struggles with her Alzheimer's-stricken mother, Ellis Grey (Kate Burton), becoming temporarily lucid. Further storylines include Dr. Izzie Stevens (Katherine Heigl) and Dr. Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson) continuously seeking patients for their new clinic, Dr. Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.) dealing with the repercussions of his upcoming retirement, and Dr. George O'Malley (T.R. Knight) facing negative response from colleagues on his unexpected marriage to Dr. Callie Torres (Sara Ramirez).
Although the episode was fictionally set in Seattle, filming occurred in Los Angeles, California. Burton reprised her role as Dr. Ellis Grey in a guest star capacity, in addition to Sarah Utterback, who portrayed Olivia Harper. The title of the episode refers to the song "Wishin' and Hopin'", by British pop musician Dusty Springfield. The episode received mixed to favorable reviews, with the storyline involving Ellis being particularly praised by television critics. Upon its original airing, the episode was watched by 24.18 million viewers in the United States, ranked first in its time-slot and garnered an 8.5 Nielsen rating in the 18–49 demographic.
Plot
"Wishin' and Hopin'" opens to a voice-over narration from Dr. Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) about extraordinary events. The Denny Duquette Memorial Clinic has been opened, after a US$8 million funding from Dr. Izzie Stevens (Katherine Heigl). Four of the hospital's attending surgeons, Dr. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey), Dr. Preston Burke (Isaiah Washington), Dr. Addison Montgomery (Kate Walsh), and Dr. Mark Sloan (Eric Dane) are all seen competing for the position of chief of surgery, after the current chief Dr. Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.) announces his plans for retirement. Meredith arrives to the Alzheimer's support home that her ill mother Dr. Ellis Grey (Kate Burton) is living at, and to her surprise, her mother has become lucid, but faints. Ellis is taken to Seattle Grace Hospital, her former source of employment. Dr. Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh), Dr. Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson), and Dr. Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) are awaiting the arrival of patients at the clinic, and Dr. George O'Malley (T.R. Knight) walks in to announce his unexpected marriage with Dr. Callie Torres (Sara Ramirez).
A cancerous patient, Marina Wagner (Amanda Collins), is admitted into the hospital and is revealed to have toxic blood - which the characters speculate may be caused by a chemical reaction between an herbal supplement and chemotherapy - making several physicians fall ill. O'Malley is exposed to the neurotoxin, and quickly becomes anxious, fearing that his marriage is the cause of the sickness. This bizarre storyline is based in the real-life case of Gloria Ramirez in California in 1994, in which the "herbal supplement" was in fact the solvent dimethyl sulfoxide. Ellis is diagnosed with a heart condition, in which surgery or medication are options. Ellis does not want the surgery, but Meredith fears that she will not be compliant with her medication. Shepherd and Burke try to close up Wagner as the OR was evacuated before her surgery was completed, by entering the operating room with sealed, airtight suits. Ellis agrees to the surgery, but opts to speak with Webber, her former lover. A teenage patient is brought into the clinic by her father, hoping that a doctor can teach her how to use tampons. When her father leaves the room, she explains to Bailey that she had sex, but her pregnancy test is negative. Shepherd and Burke run out of air whilst operating on Wagner, so Yang, Stevens, and Meredith enter holding their breath to close the patient's incision. O'Malley's colleagues act in a rude manner to his new marriage, and displeased, he lectures them, standing up for Torres. Sloan is seen to be having sex with Montgomery, and Yang agrees to marry Burke. At the conclusion of the episode, Ellis' lucidity has vanished, leaving Meredith and Webber distraught.
Production
The episode was written by co-executive producer Tony Phelan and Joan Rater, while filmmaker Julie Anne Robinson directed it. Featured music includes Psapp's "King of You", The Whitest Boy Alive's "Fireworks", Iain Archer's "Canal Song", Miho Hatori's "Barracuda" and Sybarite's "Runaway". Rater described that she got the idea after being told that her husband had to undergo a craniotomy. She noted that the plan for the episode was to focus on Ellis' inner feelings, mainly her fright, frustration and stress. "The concept of someone with this disease having a lucid day is real. The disease varies for everyone, but experts we talked to said that patients have bad days and good days and then sometimes they have great days where it seems like they are their old selves. Maybe it's a moment, maybe an hour, for some a whole afternoon, but we were fascinated with the idea of getting this time, this gift, and knowing that it's only temporary. What would you do with that one day? And what would it mean for Meredith?", stated Rater, explaining the premise of the episode. She also stated that "the cool idea" to have Meredith and Ellis connect again had been considered for almost a year before the actual concept of the episode was written, after numerous attempts to include the storyline in other episodes that "didn't feel quite right": "If you're going to give Meredith her mother back and then take her away again, you'd better have a pretty good reason." Rater also explained that, in her vision, the episode introduces a new period in the interns' lives, focusing on their finding an identity as surgeons, becoming more central than in the beginning of the season, which revolved around the aftermath of Denny Duquette (Jeffrey Dean Morgan)'s death and Meredith's involvement in the love triangle between her, Shepherd and Finn Dandridge (Chris O'Donnell).
Rater noted that the balance Meredith had just found in her life, finally having a chance at happiness with the man she loves, is shaken by her mother's unexpected lucidity, which was stated to have been written in the series in order to remind Meredith about the troubled years of her growing up: "If Meredith is ever going to be happy, she's got to deal with the fact that she had a really terrible childhood." In addition, Rater explained that Ellis' "awful, raw, ugly and terrible" statements towards her daughter were intended to make everyone realize the reason behind Meredith's alcoholism in college and her continuous one-night stands with inappropriate men. She also deemed Pompeo's performance in the episode "exceptional", describing what she regarded an "exceptional moment" which sees Meredith stand up to her mother. In response to the scene that sees Ellis interacting with Webber, Rater wrote that it is the first time she lets her guard down, exposing her previously hidden vulnerability, which allows her to express her desire to be as happy and ordinary as her daughter. She also praised the performances of the cast, by deeming their acting "remarkable". "That is really what it's all about. We have to cherish the time that we have here, and love the people who surround and support us, even if they make us crazy, because things happen. Brain surgery, Alzheimer's and weddings. And the worst thing is to come to the end of your life, and realize, like Ellis, that you should have tried harder", stated Rater, putting the emphasis on the main aspects of the episode, characterizing it as "not ordinary".
Reception
On its original broadcast on February 1, 2007 at 9:00 ET, the episode averaged 24.18 million viewers, ranking ninth in weekly viewership with an 8.5 rating, according to Nielsen. The episode was the fifth most-watched episode of the season, airing in the fourth week after the winter hiatus. The episode showed a significant increase in ratings, attracting 2.68 million more viewers than "Great Expectations", which received a 7.6 rating. "Wishin' and Hopin'" was also the leading show in the time slot, with 2.69 more million viewers than CBSs' CSI, which ranked tenth in weekly viewership with a 7.6 rating. Kate Burton, who portrayed Ellis Grey, received a nomination at the 59th Primetime Emmy Awards in the Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series category, but ultimately lost to Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Leslie Caron. Variety listed the episode in its top 10 most bizarre medical maladies encountered in the series.
Staci Krause of IGN had a positive outlook on the episode, mainly due to the heavy development the episode's plot had in the season's progressive arc. She described the storylines involving the cancer patient's intoxication and Ellis' lucidity as achieving a balance, and moving the show "at a lightning quick pace". Krause deemed the episode "stellar", noting how it avoided the possibility of having negative points. Regarding the episode an "epic" one, she praised the scene which depicts O'Malley realizing the intoxication provoked by the patient's blood. "This is what we come to expect from medical dramas and it is great to see Grey's get back to this, while not sacrificing the personal stories", stated Krause, putting the emphasis on how "this case brought out the hero in just about everyone, pushing their limits for a patient". Krause noted that O'Malley has developed into a hero, stating that "pulling all the people in the operating room out, even though he was already sick and could have easily died from the effort" in a comparison to Sloan, described as being a man with no appealing traits and "unlikable ways", which attracted criticism from Krause.
On the topic, Krause elaborated: "The only one who didn't do anything particularly heroic was Sloan. That made him being with Addison at the end even better, because she was using him to sate a desire and that was very clear." Krause positively reviewed the idea of Ellis Grey's becoming temporarily lucid, deeming it "amazing": "She was not very endearing when she was lucid, that's for certain. She was unbelievably cruel to Meredith, telling her how disappointed she was that Meredith was merely ordinary. Ouch. But she did a great thing this episode too, during her short time as a sane person. She gave Cristina the answer she was looking for." The arc involving Callie and George's sudden marriage, named by Krause "a roller coaster", was described as being a way to emphasize the contrast between the two. Krause also noted the contrast between Stevens' kindhearted personality in the past, and the cruelty she proves to have in the episode, which was noted to have been "a highlight in perfect fashion", as well as a reminder for the multi-dimensional personalities of the characters. Also noted was Cristina's way of accepting Burke's proposal, following Ellis' answer, which gave her the hope she had been previously looking for.
Kelly West of Cinema Blend also expressed a good perspective on the episode, considering it to have been the best episode of the season. Deeming the episode an "eye-opening experience", West described Ellis' surprising personality as having worse repercussions on her daughter than the control issues and the intense disapproval that had previously been noted on the character: "You would think after Ellis had a few hours to digest the news that she has essentially lost her mind, she would take advantage of the gift that is her brief lucidity to patch things up with Meredith. Meredith was hesitant to sit and talk with her mother about the last five years but finally she decides this could be her only chance." Comparing Ellis' previous appearances in the series with the version presented in the episode, West stated she is "far worse" as a lucid person, noting how frustration and confusion are her main characteristics.
Also noted was the "completely erratic and borderline insane" behavior of Ellis at the realization that her daughter is focusing more on her love life than on her career, learning that the specialty, which she considers to be defining for a surgeon, is not a concern of Meredith's: "If this is how she was treating Meredith during her childhood and adolescence, it completely explains why Meredith is so dark and twisty." In addition, West noted the realism in Ellis' troubled personality, when she considers refusing the heart surgery, due to not being sure of wanting to continue her life in a state of forgetfulness and confusion. The scene which depicts Ellis interacting with Webber was negatively received by West, which regarded the whole conversation to have been based on his convincing lies, determined to give her peace. In response to Miranda Bailey's storyline in the episode, involving the sexually active teenager, West noted how the character was "direct, somewhat stern, but not unkind about the subject as she educates and consoles the girl".
References
External links
"Wishin' and Hopin'" at ABC.com
Grey's Anatomy (season 3) episodes
2007 American television episodes |
New England's First Fruits was a book published in London in 1643 about the early evangelization efforts by the Puritans in colonial New England in defense of criticisms from England that little evangelism was being pursued in New England. It was the first publication to mention Harvard College.
Content
The book describes various evangelization efforts and results, including the conversion experience of Wequash Cooke (d.1642) as allegedly the first Native American conversion to Protestant Christianity in New England. The book also describes the conversion of Dorcas ye blackmore, an early African slave to Israel Stoughton, who joined the First Parish Church of Dorchester in 1641 and evangelized her fellow Native American servants and eventually attempted to gained her freedom with the help of the local church.
Response
Roger Williams' A Key Into the Language of America was written partially to contradict the book's claims about successful evangelization in New England, particularly the alleged conversion of Wequash.
References
External links
New England's First Fruits: With Divers Other Special Matters Concerning that Country (1865)
1643 books
17th-century Christian texts
History books about the United States
Harvard University
Evangelism |
Heteroatomic multiple bonding between group 13 and group 15 elements are of great interest in synthetic chemistry due to their isoelectronicity with C-C multiple bonds. Nevertheless, the difference of electronegativity between group 13 and 15 leads to different character of bondings comparing to C-C multiple bonds. Because of the ineffective overlap between p𝝅 orbitals and the inherent lewis acidity/basicity of group 13/15 elements, the synthesis of compounds containing such multiple bonds is challenging and subject to oligomerization. The most common example of compounds with 13/15 group multiple bonds are those with B=N units. The boron-nitrogen-hydride compounds are candidates for hydrogen storage. In contrast, multiple bonding between aluminium and nitrogen Al=N, Gallium and nitrogen (Ga=N), boron and phosphorus (B=P), or boron and arsenic (B=As) are less common.
Synthesis
Suitable precursors are crucial for the synthesis of group 13/15 multiple bond-containing species. In most successfully isolated structures, sterically demanding ligands are utilized to stabilize such bondings.
Boraphosphenes (P=B)
Boraphosphenes, also known as phosphoboranes, was first reported by Cowley and co-workers in the 1980s. [(tmp)B=P(Ar)] (tmp= 2,2,6,6,-tetramethylpiperidina, Ar= 2,4,6-t-Bu3C6H2) was characterized by mass spectroscopy (EI MS), and the corresponding dimer, diphosphadiboretane, was characterized by X-ray crystallography. The Power and co-workers later reported the structure of [P(R)=BMes2Li(Et2O)2] (R = phenyl, cyclohexane, and mesitylene), which is the first B=P double bond observed in solid state. The synthesis of [P(R)=BMes2Li(Et2O)2] starts from treating in-situ generated Mes2BPHR with 1 equivalent of t-BuLi in Et2O, followed by crystallization at low temperature.
Cyclic system with P-B multiple bonds
Isomerization of four-member P-B cycles was investigated by Bourissou and Bertrand. It was reported that cycle-[R2PB(R')-B(R')-P(Ph)2] (R = phenyl, isopropyl; R'= tert-butyl, 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl phenyl) isomerize to form cycle-[R2P-B(R')=P(Ph)-B(R')(Ph)] upon irradiation. An example of five-membered ring was reported by Crossley suggesting that a reaction of 1,2-diphosphinobenzene with n-BuLi and Cl2BPh yielded a benzodiphosphaborolediide. Several six-membered ring systems involving P=B double bonds have been reported. One of the example is an analogue of borazine synthesizing from MesBBr2 and CyP(H)Li.
Arsinideneborates (As=B)
A similar strategy to access litigated arsinideneborate was reported by Power and co-workers after the establishment of synthesizing litigated phosphinideneborates. Crystallizing [As(Ph)=BMes2Li(THF)3] with two equivalence of TMEDA yielded [As(Ph)=BMes2][Li(TMEDA)2]. Ring-systems containing As-B multiple bonds haven't been reported yet.
Group 13 imides (Al=N, Ga=N, In=N)
Synthesis of group 13 imides usually starts with low valent group 13 species stabilized by bulky ligands. A [2+3] cycloaddition of monomeric [DipNacnc]Al or [DipNacnc]Ga (DipNacnc= HC{(CMe)(NDip)}2) compound with sterically bulky azide, TipTerN3 (TipTer = -C6H3-2,6-(C6H2-2,4,6-iPr3)2), gives the iminotrielenes [{DipNacnc}M=N-TipTer] (M=Al, Ga). Additionally, dimers of Ga(I) or In(I) were reported to form the iminotrielens [(DipTer)M=N-Mes'Ter] with Mes'TerN3 (M = Ga, In; Mes'Ter =C6H3-2,6(Xyl-4-tBu)2).
Al-N triple bonds
Transient Al≡N triple bond species were also investigated by reacting monomeric alanediyl precursor with organic azides. The unstable Al≡N triple bond species [iPr2TIPTerAl≡NR] (R = Ad, SiMe3) was not capture but further rearrange to tetrazole and amino-azide alone, respectively.
Phosphaalumenes and Arsaalumenes (P=Al, As=Al)
The development of Al=P and Al=As species faced the difficulty due to the tendency of oligomerization of the lewis acidic Al and lewis basic P/As. In 2021, Hering-Junghans, Braunchweig, and co-workers reported the synthesis of phosphaalumens and arsaalumens with Al(I) precursors, [Al(I)Cp*]4 (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadiene). Reacting [Al(I)Cp*]4 with DipTer-AsPMe3 or DipTer-AsPMe3 at 1:4 ratio yielded the corresponding phosphaalumens/arsaalumens, which are stable and isolable.
Gallium-pnictogen double bonds (Ga=Pn)
Synthesis and characterization of Ga=Sb species was reported by Schulz and Cutsail III with the reaction of [DipNacnc]Ga (DipNacnc= HC{(CMe)(NDip)}2) with [Cp*SbCl2]. The resulting Sb radical species, [DipNacnc(Cl)Ga]2Sb, was then reduced by KC8 to give [DipNacncGa=Sb-Ga(Cl)DipNacnc]. Utilizing the similar reaction pathway, a Ga=As species, [DipNacncGa=AsCp*], was successfully synthesized and stabilized. Interestingly, no radical formation was observed comparing to the case of Ga=Sb species. With the rapid development of gallium pnictogen in the late 2010s, the first phosphagallene species was reported by Goicoechea and co-workers in 2020. The reaction of [(HC)2(NDip)2PPCO] with [DipNacncGa] gave the phosphagallene, [DipNacncGa=P-P(NDip)2(CH)2].
Reactivities
Reactivities of boraphosphenes
B=P double bond species has been studied for bond activation. For example, C-F activation of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane by NHC-stabilized phosphaboranes, [(tmp)(L)B=PMes*] (L = IMe4), was reported by Cowley and co-workers. The C-F bond activation takes place at the para position, leading to the formation of C-P bond. Reactions of phenyl acetylene with the dimer of [Mes*P=B(tmp)] give an analogue of cycle-butene, [Mes*P=C(Ph)-C(H)=B(tmp)], where C-C triple bond undergoes a [2+2]-cycloaddition to P=B double bond.
Phospha-bora Wittig reaction
Transient boraphosphene [(tmp)B=PMes*)] (tmp = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, Mes* = 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl) reacts with aldehyde, ketone, and esters to form phosphaboraoxetanes, which converts to phosphaalkenes [Mes*P=CRR'] and [(tmp)NBO]x heterocycles. This method provides direct access of phosphaalkenes from carbonyl compounds.
Reactivities of group 13 imides
Compounds with group 13-N multiple bonds are capable of small molecule activation. Reactions of PhCCH or PhNH2 with NHC-stabilized iminoalane result in the addition of proton to N and -CCPh or -NHPh fragment to Al. The reaction with CO leads to the insertion of CO between the Al=N bond.
Reactivities of Ga=Pn species
Small molecule activation takes place across the P-P=Ga bonds in phosphanyl-phosphagallenes species, where the Ga=P species behave as frustrated Lewis pairs. For example, the reaction of CO2 with [DipNacncGa=P-P(NDip)2(CH2)2] results in the formation of a P=P-C-O-Ga five-membered ring species. In contrast, H2 addition to the P-P=Ga fragment in a 1,3-activation manner. E-H bond activation of protic and hydridic reagents was investigated as well. Reactions of [DipNacncGa=P-P(NDip)2(CH2)2] toward amines, phosphines, alkynes resulted in the formation of [DipNacnc(E)Ga-P-P(H)(NDip)2(CH2)2]. Reversible ammonia activation was observed under 1 bar pressure in the presence of a Lewis acid.
Bonding and structures
B=P double bond
Natural bond orbital analysis of a borophosphide anion, [(Mes*)P=BClCp*]-, suggested that the B-P double bonds are polarized to the P atom. The B=P 𝝈-bond is mostly non-polar while the 𝝅-bond is polarized to the phosphorus (71%). DFT calculation at B3LYP/6-31G level revealed that the HOMO of [(Mes*)P=BClCp*]- has great B-P 𝝅-bonding character. In most reported phosphinideneborates, the phosphorus chemical shifts are much more deshielded than the starting materials, phosphinoboranes. The down-field resonances of phosphorus in 31P NMR suggest the delocalization of lone pairs into the empty p-orbital of boron.
Ga-Pn double bond
Natural bond orbital analysis was reported for Ga=Sb and Ga=Bi containing species, where electron populates more on Sb and Bi (62% and 59%, respectively). The Lewis acidic Ga results in the delocalization of electrons in Sb and Bi.
References
Chemical bond properties
Wikipedia Student Program |
Saint-Martin-de-Londres (; ) is a commune in the Hérault department in the Occitanie region in southern France.
Geography
Climate
Saint-Martin-de-Londres has a mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csa). The average annual temperature in Saint-Martin-de-Londres is . The average annual rainfall is with October as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around , and lowest in January, at around . The highest temperature ever recorded in Saint-Martin-de-Londres was on 1 August 1947; the coldest temperature ever recorded was on 4 February 1963.
Population
See also
Communes of the Hérault department
References
Communes of Hérault |
Le Vernoy () is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.
Coal mines are operated in the village.
Population
See also
Communes of the Doubs department
References
Communes of Doubs
County of Montbéliard |
Ferny Creek is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 33 km south-east of Melbourne's central business district, located within the Shire of Yarra Ranges local government area. Ferny Creek recorded a population of 1,524 at the 2021 census.
The suburb is built around and to the south of Dunns Hill (height 561m) with most of Ferny Creek lying between 400 and 500 metres above sea level. It is named after Ferny Creek, a small stream which originates to the south of Dunns Hill in the centre of the suburb.
The suburb of Ferny Creek is largely surrounded by conservation zones and national parks, with the Dandenong Ranges national park on its northern and western sides, the Upwey habitat corridor to the south and Sherbrooke Forest to the east.
History
For at least 35,000 years, the Wurundjeri people have been the traditional custodians of the land within the Yarra Ranges including Ferny Creek. Europeans settlers established themselves there from the 1830s, pursuing gold along the rivers and carving out productive agricultural lands. Later prominent Melbourne figures built weekend cottages in the region. Ferny Creek is well known for its established European gardens, and beautiful range of native fauna and flora. The Post Office opened around August 1904 as One Tree Hill, and was subsequently renamed Ferny Creek. In 1964, Raynor Johnson bought land at Ferny Creek and built Santiniketan Lodge, which became the headquarters of The Family.
Flora and biodiversity
Ferny Creek contains a wide range of microclimates and aspects, and as a result the flora is similar to that of the larger Dandenong Ranges as a whole. The Dandenong Ranges National park including Sherbrooke Forest, contains large areas of native vegetation and is dominated by a mix of wet and dry Sclerophyll forests. There are small pockets of wet temperate rainforest in the deeper gullies (bordering Sherbrooke, Mast Gully and Ferny Creeks).
Weeds remain a significant threat to biodiversity, with significant infestations of Ivy, onion weed, tradescantia and holly.
A number of conservation groups are active in the local area including the Friends of Ferny Creek and Friends of Sherbrooke Forest .
Outside of the conservation zones and national park, Ferny Creek is largely covered by exotic vegetation with remnant native trees.
Public Land
Dandenong Ranges National Park and Ferny Creek Recreation Reserve.
Dandenong Ranges National park is managed primary for conservation purposes and secondarily for recreation. However Ferny Creek Reserve has mainly recreational function. Ferny Creek Reserve is maintained by local residents on behalf of the Department of Sustainability and Environment (DSE), and contains a Bureau of Meteorology weather station.
The town today
While a suburb of Melbourne, extensive parks, large residential blocks and the lack of commercial activity means that Ferny Creek maintains a rural character.
There are a number of bed and breakfast located in Ferny Creek, Ferny Creek Primary School and a General Store. There is also a Country Fire Authority (CFA) fire station, (Sassafras-Ferny Creek Fire Brigade), Scout group (1st Ferny Creek), tennis club, recreation reserve and plant nursery, as well as a World War One Memorial. Ferny Creek has a number of homes of note, particularly around Kallamondah and Mount Dandenong Tourist Roads.
Ferny Creek is home to a popular attraction known as "The Thousand Steps" - a bushwalking track built by Australian Army Engineers that runs through the Ferntree Gully National Park and provides a fitness challenge to those who attempt it. The steps begin at the bottom of the hill in Upper Ferntree Gully and the top of the steps being located at Ferny Creek near One Tree Hill. The track is a minute representation of the ordeals suffered by the Australian Army in Kokoda during World War Two.
Together with its neighbouring township Olinda Ferny Creek has an Australian Rules football team (Olinda-Ferny Creek) competing in the Yarra Valley Mountain District Football League.
Climate
Ferny Creek's climate is cool and wet, with temperature extremes rare due to the proximity of Port Phillip Bay and Bass Strait.
Rainfall is fairly uniform through the year, tending to peak between April and October with lower rainfall during the months of January and February. The mean annual rainfall is between 1100 and 1500 mm, increasing with elevation and from west to east. The elevation means that temperatures are typically 3 to 5 °C cooler than the lower suburbs of Melbourne, to the west of Ferny Creek.
As a result of its elevation snow typically falls one or two times a year, mostly between the months of June and October. A rare summer snow occurred on Christmas Day 2006 . The local region has experienced substantial warming in recent decades and heavy snowfalls which were once common have become rare. The last significant snowfall to affect Ferny Creek was on 10 August 2008 when as much as 15 cm of snow fell around Dunns Hill. A Bureau of Meteorology weather station sits at an elevation of 513 m in the Ferny Creek Reserve.
Bushfires
Ferny Creek was among the suburbs affected by a series of deliberately lit fires in the Dandenong Ranges on 21 January 1997, and has been affected by numerous bushfires throughout settlement.
The community of Ferny Creek is close and resilient, as proved in its recovery from the fires that destroyed 42 homes and killed three local residents (Genevieve Erin, Graham and Jenny Lindroth). The fires were deliberately lit in bushland below the settlement on Tuesday 21 January 1997, and in the extreme conditions of that day, raced up the steep slopes and were burning gardens and property before most residents were even aware of a problem. After the bushfires the small community rallied together for a fundraising event held at the local Ferny Creek Reserve and Tennis Club. Money was raised for families who lost their houses and personal items in the devastation.
Since that time, residents have focused their efforts on making responsible choices when considering their fire safety plans and in addition to having a significantly higher than average membership rate of CFA's Community Fire Guard program, and a pro-active approach to keeping properties prepared, the Ferny Creek Bushfire Alert System was installed to provide a siren signal to alert residents to the possibility of a threat to their safety. Residents are educated to respond appropriately to the siren by simply seeking further information via another source (radio, internet, phone tree, scanner, television, personal investigation etc.). It is not a signal to evacuate. The Alert System is a unique co-operative project between residents, Shire of Yarra Ranges, CFA, Victoria Police, Dept of Justice and Parks Victoria.
Education
There is one primary school located in this area called "Ferny Creek Primary School". The school was established in 1895 and as of 2018 has 202 students; 109 boys and 93 girls.
References
Suburbs of Yarra Ranges |
River Forest is a Metra commuter railroad station in River Forest, Illinois, a western suburb of Chicago, on the Union Pacific West Line. Trains go east to Ogilvie Transportation Center in Chicago and as far west as Elburn, Illinois. Travel time to Ogilvie is 20 to 24 minutes. , River Forest is the 107th busiest of the 236 non-downtown stations in the Metra system, with an average of 448 weekday boardings. Unless otherwise announced, inbound trains use the north (side) platform and outbound trains use the south (island) platform.
As of May 30, 2023, River Forest is served by 43 trains (21 inbound, 22 outbound) on weekdays, by all 20 trains (10 in each direction) on Saturdays, and by all 18 trains (nine in each direction) on Sundays and holidays.
The station is at Central Avenue and Thatcher Avenue. The surrounding neighborhood is mostly characterized by single-family homes, baseball fields and tennis courts. Pace suburban buses stop one block to the north on Lake Street. To the east is an overpass that carries the Canadian National Railway's Waukesha Subdivision into Forest Park where the line rechristens itself to the CSX Altenheim Subdivision (B&OCT).
The station building was originally built in 1915 by the Chicago and North Western Railway and is also the River Forest Park District headquarters.
The station has recently undergone renovations. The inbound platform was rebuilt along with the stairways.
Bus connections
Pace
309 Lake Street
313 St. Charles Road
References
External links
Metra - River Forest
Thatcher Avenue entrance from Google Maps Street View
Metra stations in Illinois
Former Chicago and North Western Railway stations
Railway stations in Cook County, Illinois
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1915
River Forest, Illinois
Union Pacific West Line |
The Adidas Pelias ( , ) was first used in the football events of the 2004 Summer Olympics, and was the official ball for all FIFA events in Europe in 2004. It has since been effectively replaced by the Pelias 2, which was used as the official ball for all FIFA events in Europe in 2005, including the 2005 FIFA Confederations Cup and the 2005 FIFA U-20 World Cup.
Ball
The ball is made by Adidas, and was made using the same materials and construction as the Adidas Roteiro, the official match ball of the UEFA European Football Championship in 2004.
The panels of the ball were thermally bonded and makes use of Adidas' Power Balance Technology. Both the Pelias and the Pelias 2 have attained the FIFA Approved rating.
Design
The original Pelias and the new Pelias 2 make use of the same basic design, with the differences mainly lying in the colour and thickness of the lines on the panels. Each section of the design is based around a repeated Hexagon and 3 Pentagon pattern.
External links
The Original Pelias
Pelias 2
2005 FIFA Confederations Cup
Pelias
Football at the 2004 Summer Olympics |
Midland Community Unit School District #7 is a school district headquartered in Sparland, Illinois.
It operates Midland Elementary School, Midland Middle School, and Midland High School.
History
The district formed through an act of consolidation circa 1996. Rolf Sivertsen served as the Midland CUSD superintendent until July 1, 2016, as he moved to Canton, Illinois.
In 2016 Gary L. Smith of the Journal Star wrote that there were "sometimes bitter geographic divisions" and cited a case where, in an election to build a new school in Lacon, residents of Lacon gave "overwhelming support" but that people in Sparland and Varna "strongly opposed" the measure. Overall 55% of participants voted in favor in 2016, causing the measure to pass.
On May 16, 2016, L. William "Bill" Wrenn was selected as the superintendent. Wrenn served in this capacity until he died in January 2020. Wrenn planned to finish his term at the end of the 2019–2020 school year.
References
External links
Midland Community Unit School District #7
School districts in Illinois
Education in Marshall County, Illinois
1996 establishments in Illinois
School districts established in 1996 |
Pope Paul may refer to:
Pope Paul I (757–767)
Pope Paul II (1464–1471)
Pope Paul III (1534–1549)
Pope Paul IV (1555–1559)
Pope Paul V (1605–1621)
Pope Paul VI (1963–1978)
See also
Pope John Paul I (1978)
Pope John Paul II (1978–2005)
Paul Pope
Paul
id:Paulus#Paus Katolik Roma |
Lisa Biagiotti (born August 20, 1979) is a filmmaker and journalist based in Los Angeles. She is the director and on-camera correspondent of On the Streets, a Los Angeles Times 12-part series and 72-minute feature documentary on homelessness in Southern California. She directed and produced deepsouth, an independent documentary about poverty, HIV/AIDS and LGBT issues in the rural American South. Biagiotti is a Fulbright Scholar and a graduate of the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. She is of Italian descent from her father and Hakka Chinese Jamaican descent from her mother.
Career
Biagiotti is an inaugural Fellow in the Sundance New Frontier Artist Residency program in partnership with The Social Computing Group at MIT Media Lab. She speaks publicly about digital journalism, and independently producing and self-distributing films.
For her independent documentary deepsouth, Biagiotti spent two-and-a-half years reporting, driving 13,000 miles and interviewing more than 400 people. She was invited across rural America on a 150-stop grassroots film tour, and was invited to discuss the domestic epidemic at The White House and Clinton Global Initiative. Biagiotti's work has been featured in The New Yorker, The Atlantic, Los Angeles Times, PBS, NPR, Oxford American, and The Lancet. She writes about her 5-year journey of making the film in her Director’s Statement titled Same Virus, Different Disease.
Biagiotti is the producer of The World’s Toilet Crisis, an hour-long documentary that aired on the Vanguard series of Current TV in 2010. She produced short video series for the nightly newscast Worldfocus on WNET on under-reported topics covering homophobia in the Caribbean and the humanitarian crisis in eastern Congo—the latter was awarded a Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award for International Television.
Awards
References
External links
deepsouth official website
Lisa Biagiotti website
American women screenwriters
Living people
American film producers
American women television directors
American television directors
Journalists from Los Angeles
American women television journalists
American writers of Italian descent
American writers of Chinese descent
Jamaican people of Chinese descent
Hakka writers
Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism alumni
1979 births
American documentary filmmakers
Film directors from Los Angeles
Screenwriters from California
American women documentary filmmakers
American women writers of Chinese descent
21st-century American women |
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Opisthodonts
| fossil_range =
| taxon = Opisthodontia (reptile)
| image = Priosphenodon NT small.jpg
| image_caption = Priosphenodon, a large eilenodontine opisthodont
| authority = Apesteguia & Novas, 2003
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = * Fraserosphenodon
Kawasphenodon?
Opisthias
Trullidens
'Eilenodontinae Eilenodon
Kaikaifilusaurus
Patagosphenos
Priosphenodon
Sphenotitan?
Toxolophosaurus
}}Opisthodontia''' is a proposed clade of sphenodontian reptiles, uniting Opisthias from the Late Jurassic-earliest Cretaceous of Europe and North America with the Eilenodontinae, a group of herbivorous sphenodontians known from the Late Triassic to Late Cretaceous.
Description
Teeth and diet
Like other sphenodonts, opisthodonts had acrodont teeth which grew directly from the bone. They had one row of teeth on the lower jaw and two rows on the roof of the mouth. When processing food, their mandibular teeth would have slid between the outer (maxillary) teeth and inner (palatine) teeth. Some opisthodonts, such as Sphenotitan, also had clusters of small teeth on the pterygoid at the center of the mouth roof. Opisthodont teeth were wide, numerous, and tightly-packed for grinding and shredding tough plant matter. Although wide shredding teeth are also known in a few other sphenodontians, such as Clevosaurus and Pelecymala, the most diverse and long-lasting group of herbivorous rhynchocephalians were the opisthodonts. Some more generalized opisthodonts, such as Opisthias, were probably more capable of omnivory than the advanced eilenodonts.
The mandibular teeth of opisthodonts were characteristically edged with forward-pointing flanges. Although Sphenotitan only had flanges on the medial (inside) edge, other eilenodonts had flanges on the lateral (outside) edge as well, making their teeth anteriorly concave and overlapping. The maxillary teeth, on the other hand, had long flanges aligned in a posteromedial-anterolateral direction.
Opisthodonts lacked dental regionalization, meaning that all of their teeth had the same form and they did not have caniform or hatchling teeth like other sphenodonts. Despite having had thicker enamel to resist wearing down their teeth, opisthodonts have often been found with their teeth significantly worn away, especially towards the front of the jaw. The tip of the lower jaw is completely toothless in opisthodonts. Their jaws were also deep (particularly in eilenodonts) to counter stresses which would have occurred during food processing.
Characteristic features
Opisthodonts can be characterized by the following synapomorphies:
A rounded and well-developed mandibular symphysis.
A well-developed, antedorsally projecting mandibular spur.
No dental regionalization in adults or juveniles.
Extensive posteromedial/anterolateral flanges on the posterior maxillary teeth.
Anteromedial flanges on the mandibular teeth.
A short or absent premaxillary process of the maxilla.
The posterodorsal process of the premaxilla being present.
In addition, most opisthodonts also had dental ridges (or crests) on their mandibular teeth. The most advanced opisthodonts belong to the subfamily (or tribe) Eilenodontinae (or Eilenodontini). Most eilenodonts were large, stockily built members of the clade, with massive jaws, low and overlapping teeth, and a large hooked "beak"(a rhynchocephalian feature). Their skulls were reminiscent of rodent skulls, leading some to presume that they were gregarious burrowers which fed on tough vegetation. The largest known terrestrial rhynchocephalian was an eilenodont, Priosphenodon avelasi.
Classification
First defined as a family by Apesteguia and Novas in 2003, Opisthodontia has generally been considered a well-supported clade, especially compared to other groups within Rhynchocephalia, which often shift in evolutionary position between studies. In particular, they are generally considered to be fairly close relatives of the family Sphenodontidae, which includes Sphenodon. Both opisthodonts and sphenodontids share the ability to move their jaw in a forward-to-back chewing motion, earning them the informal name "eupropalinal sphenodonts" as a result. Other possibly herbivorous rhynchocephalians, such as Pelecymala and Ankylosphenodon, have sometimes been suggested to be very close relatives (or basal members) of Opisthodontia in some studies, although these hypotheses are not well supported. Ankylosphenodon is considered to be placed within Sphenodontidae, while Pelecymala is inconsistent in placement but may be a quite basal rhynchocephalian. "Clevosaurus" latidens, which had previously been referred to Pelecymala and later Clevosaurus, was suggested to be an opisthodont in 2013, a hypothesis which was confirmed through a 2015 phylogenetic analysis. This same analysis found that Opisthias and Kawasphenodon formed a clade at the base of Opisthodontia, with Sphenotitan being a basal eilenodont. In 2018, "Clevosaurus" latidens was named as the new genus Fraserosphenodon, and placed as the most basal opisthodont.
Distribution
Opisthodonts were numerous at times, with Opisthias having a practically worldwide distribution in the Jurassic and Priosphenodon being known from multiple specimens from the early Cretaceous of Argentina.
The oldest opisthodonts include Sphenotitan and Fraserosphenodon, from the Norian and Rhaetian (late Triassic) of Argentina and England, respectively. Fraserosphenodon is considered to be the most basal opisthodont. Although Sphenotitan was also once believed to be the most basal opisthodont, it also shows many similarities with eilenodonts, and may have been the most basal member of that subfamily. The oldest known non-Sphenotitan eilenodonts lived during the Jurassic and probably became extinct near the end of the Cretaceous. Opisthodonts as a whole survived a major extinction of Laurasian rhynchocephalians in the early Cretaceous as well as the K/T extinction at the end of the Cretaceous which led to the downfall of non-avian dinosaurs. The last known species of opisthodont was Kawasphenodon peligrensis'', a small patagonian member of the group which lived during the Paleocene. The last of the opisthodonts probably became extinct due to the cooling climate of the late Eocene.
References
. |
Wat Kanchana Singhat Worawiharn () formerly and still colloquially known as Wat Thong (วัดทอง) or Wat Thong Bang Phrom (วัดทองบางพรม) is an ancient temple in Bangkok.
History
It is a monastery of Ayutthaya period has been restowed and bestowed as the third classed royal temple by Princess Rupsirisophak Mahanaknari (mother of Queen Amarindra) during the King Rama I's reign. After being renovated once again during the King Rama III's reign. The temple was renamed as Wat Kanchana Singhat ("golden lion temple") by the King Rama IV.
Originally called Wat Thong (gold temple), which is named after the creator magnate Thong (เจ้าสัวทอง), the younger brother of the magnate Ngoen (เจ้าสัวเงิน), the creator of its counterpart, Wat Ngoen or now called Wat Ratchada Thitthan.
The temple's bai sema (temple boundary stone) features the beautiful of typical stye of Ayutthaya period. The ordination hall built in Mon style is the house of principle Buddha image in subduing Mara posture, surrounded by four big prang (Khmer style pagoda) in each corner. The concept of this construction is similar to the ordination hall of Wat Ratchada Thitthan.
It is listed by the Fine Arts Department as a registered ancient monument since 1953 together with Wat Ratchada Thitthan.
Location
The temple is located on the northern side of the Khlong Bang Phrom opposite Wat Ratchada Thitthan.
References
External links
Taling Chan district
Buddhist temples in Bangkok
Registered ancient monuments in Bangkok |
Vernon D. Asbill (born April 11, 1945) is an American politician and educator who served as a member of the New Mexico Senate for the 34th district from 2005 to 2013.
Early life and education
Asbill was born in San Angelo, Texas, and raised in Sterling City, Texas. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in education from McMurry College and a Master of Business Administration with an emphasis in education administration from Western New Mexico University.
Career
Asbill worked as a teacher at Artesia High School from 1970 to 1979 and assistant principal of the school from 1979 to 1984. From 1984 to 1988, he was principal of Zia Intermediate School. He was superintendent of the Cloudcroft Municipal Schools from 1984 to 1992 and superintendent of the Carlsbad Municipal School District from 1992 to 2003. Asbill was elected to the New Mexico Senate in 2004 and assumed office in 2005. He served until 2013. During his final term in the Senate, he served as ranking member of the Senate Education Committee.
References
1945 births
Living people
People from Sterling County, Texas
Republican Party New Mexico state senators
Educators from New Mexico
McMurry University alumni
Western New Mexico University alumni
People from San Angelo, Texas
People from Artesia, New Mexico
People from Eddy County, New Mexico
People from Carlsbad, New Mexico |
City Stages was a three-day arts and music festival in downtown Birmingham, Alabama, that took place in and around Linn Park from 1989 to 2009. After losses in 2009 amounted to nearly half a million dollars, the organization running City Stages announced on June 25, 2009 that the event would not return the next year.
City Stages' organizers announced in November 2007 that they hired AC Entertainment, one of the co-producers for the Bonnaroo Music and Arts Festival in Manchester, Tennessee, to help produce the Birmingham festival and advise them for the next three years.
The final City Stages was held on June 13–15, 2009, on Father's Day Weekend. Ticket sales were hampered by inclement weather, a struggling economy, and a perceived low-quality artist lineup. After the event, organizers announced that the total debt had surpassed $1 million, and that no further City Stages events would be produced. As of 2021, no plans have been made to revive the festival, though the nostalgia for it has grown.
References
External links
Official Website
Music festivals in Alabama
Summer festivals
Culture of Birmingham, Alabama
Tourist attractions in Birmingham, Alabama
Music festivals established in 1989
Festivals established in 1989
1989 establishments in Alabama
2009 disestablishments in Alabama |
Suleman Khan was a Bangladesh physician who was killed in the Bangladesh Liberation war and is considered a martyr in Bangladesh.
Early life
Khan was born in Sheikhdi, Faridganj Upazila, Chandpur District, East Bengal, British India on 1939. He finished his SSC from Chandpur Hasan Ali High School in 1955 and HSC from Comilla Victoria College in 1958. In 1967 he completed his MBBS from Dhaka Medical College and finished his internship period in the college. He was married to Shamsunnahar.
Career
Khan worked in Rashed Medical Pharmacy in Gopibagh, Dhaka. In 1969 he joined the Tongi Jute mill as its residential physician. He was also a member of the communist party and cultural group Udichi. In 1969 he founded Taranga, a literary and cultural organisation based in Dhaka. He participated in the Mass Uprising of 1969 in East Pakistan. He edited and published Bengali weekly called Prithibi.
After the start of Bangladesh Liberation war, Khan moved with his family outside of Dhaka. He had provided first aid to those injured by bullets fired by Pakistan Army in Chandpur District. He came into conflict with the Muslim League, which had looted supplies sent by Bangladesh Awami League for members of Mukti Bahini. Khan tried to get the supplies released through mediation.
Death
Khan's home was attacked on 24 April 1971 by pro-Pakistan forces, injuring him, his younger brother, and his mother. Khan died on the way to Chandpur for treatment. He was buried in his family graveyard in Sheikhdi. On 14 December 1996, Bangladesh Post Office issued commemorative posts with his picture on the occasion of Martyred Intellectuals Day.
References
1939 births
1971 deaths
People killed in the Bangladesh Liberation War
People from Chandpur District
Dhaka Medical College alumni |
Jon Vezner (born June 6, 1951) is an American country music songwriter. He is best known for his work with Kathy Mattea, to whom he has been married since 1988.
Vezner began working as a songwriter in Minnesota and later moved to Nashville, Tennessee. He set up a publishing company underneath the apartment in which Mattea lived, and befriended her after jump-starting her car. They began dating in 1986, and married on February 14, 1988.
Vezner wrote several of Mattea's songs, including "Where've You Been", "A Few Good Things Remain", "Time Passes By", and "Whole Lotta Holes". He also wrote "Then What?" for Clay Walker, "If I Didn't Love You" by Steve Wariner, and "You're Gone" by Diamond Rio.
He performs with Don Henry as The Don Juans; they accompanied Tom Paxton on his 2018 and 2019 UK tours.
References
1951 births
American country songwriters
Living people
Musicians from Minneapolis
Songwriters from Minnesota |
Owen Vincent Tracey (15 March 1915 – 8 December 1941) was a New Zealand fighter pilot and flying ace who flew in the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the Second World War. He was officially credited with the destruction of at least six enemy aircraft.
Born in Dunedin, Tracey joined the RAF in early 1939. After completing flight training, he was posted to No. 79 Squadron in July 1940. He flew extensively during the Battle of Britain, shooting down a number of German aircraft. In April 1941, he was sent to the Middle East where he flew with No. 274 Squadron. During his time with the squadron, he was involved in the Battle of Crete and in Operation Crusader, in Libya. He was killed when he was shot down during a dogfight with Italian fighters.
Early life
Born on 15 March 1915 in Dunedin, New Zealand, Owen Vincent Tracey was the son of Owen Tracey and Margaret Tracey. He went to school in Auckland, at Monte Cecilia College, and in Oamaru, at St Kevin's College. After completing his education, he worked as a storeman for a firm in Dunedin.
Interested in aviation, Tracey learnt to fly at the Otago Aero Club and in 1937 obtained his 'A' licence with some financial assistance from his mother. He applied twice that year for a short service commission in the Royal Air Force (RAF) but was declined, supposedly due to a lack of vacancies. Another application, made in April 1938, was also unsuccessful and he discovered that his school grades were insufficient. He received private tuition from the headmaster of Mosgiel District High School and following this, a subsequent application made later in the year was successful. A scheduled departure in February 1939 for the United Kingdom had to be postponed for health reasons and it was not until the middle of the year that he left New Zealand aboard the SS Rimutaka. Arriving in England on 1 August, he proceeded to No. 19 Elementary & Reserve Flying Training School at RAF Fairoaks shortly afterwards, where he flew de Havilland Tiger Moths.
Second World War
Having proceeded to No. 3 Initial Training Wing, the Second World War had broken out by the time Tracey gained his wings. He was granted a short service commission, for four years, and was made an acting pilot officer with effect from 9 October 1939. He went on to No. 3 Service Flying Training School at South Cerney for further training and in late April 1940 was assigned to an instructors course. The following month he went to No. 60 Operational Training Unit to convert to the Hawker Hurricane fighter.
Battle of Britain
On 6 July, Tracey was posted to No. 79 Squadron. At the time, his squadron, which operated the Hurricane, was based at Biggin Hill but shortly afterwards moved to RAF Acklington, in the Midlands, forming part of the area's aerial defences. Under the control No. 13 Group, it fought in a number of engagements over the North Sea and in one of these, an interception on 15 August of a large Luftwaffe raid heading for Newcastle, Tracey destroyed a Heinkel He 111 medium bomber.
No. 79 Squadron returned to Biggin Hill on 26 August and was promptly heavily engaged in the aerial battles over London as the Luftwaffe began to focus its efforts on the city. On 28 August, Tracey claimed a He 111 as probably destroyed and also damaged a Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighter. His Hurricane was damaged in the encounter and he landed back at Biggin Hill, just as it was being bombed. Attempting to take off, he had to abort his effort to do so due to his aircraft receiving shrapnel damage from nearby bomb blasts. Although he was unhurt, other RAF personnel were killed in the bombing raid. Two days later, about south of Biggin Hill, he destroyed another He 111. The following day, 31 August, he shot down a Dornier Do 17 medium bomber over Dungeness.
On 5 September Biggin Hill was again targeted by an incoming bomber raid, but No. 79 Squadron was able to intercept it. Tracey claimed a Do 17 as probably destroyed. A few days afterwards the squadron was sent to Pembrey for a rest and refit and from here it resumed operational flying, mostly convoy patrols with the occasional interception of bombing raids on the area around the Bristol Channel. On 21 September, Tracey claimed a Do 17 as probably destroyed west of St David's Head. He was confirmed in his pilot officer rank in November.
Middle East
In early 1941, Tracey was assigned to service overseas and, in March, was posted to No. 274 Squadron, at the time based at El Amriya in Egypt. At the time the squadron was resting, having been previously engaged in operations against Italian forces in Libya. The month after his arrival at the squadron, Tracey was promoted to flying officer.
During the Battle of Crete, No. 274 Squadron, based at Gerawla at the time, flew in support of the Allied forces on the island, flying patrols over the shipping in the area and strafing the German forces that had landed on Crete. During this time, on 26 May, Tracey destroyed a Junkers Ju 52 transport plane over Maleme. A Bf 109 then chased him and Tracey went into a dive; while he pulled out, his pursuer did not and crashed into the sea. Tracey was credited with this Bf 109 as an aerial victory. Three days later, while patrolling over the Royal Navy ships evacuating Allied forces from Crete, Tracey shot down a Junkers Ju 88 medium bomber.
The following month No. 274 Squadron was back to operations over the Western Desert, still flying from Gerawla. Tracey was promoted to flight lieutenant in late August and was appointed one of the squadron's flight commanders. The squadron mostly carried out ground support operations, strafing Axis transports and troops. During Operation Crusader, while flying in the Sidi Rezegh area on 1 December, one of the squadron's Hurricanes, piloted by Lieutenant Hoffe of the South African Air Force, force landed in the desert, close to the Axis ground troops. Tracey made a landing to pick up Hoffe and returned him to base.
On 8 December, No. 274 Squadron was engaged in an escort mission, accompanying Bristol Blenheim light bombers attacking Axis positions to the southwest of El Adem. They encountered German and Italian fighters and engaged them. However, their opposition were soon reinforced and the RAF fighters became outnumbered. Tracey was seen engaging a Macchi C.200 fighter of the Regia Aeronautica (Italian Air Force) but his Hurricane received machine gun fire to the cockpit area and dived into the ground, where it burst into flames. Tracey was given a battlefield burial near his crashed aircraft.
Tracey was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross, the announcement being made in The London Gazette on 6 October 1942. The citation noted Tracey's feat in rescuing Hoffe and also credited him with six enemy aircraft destroyed. Aviation historians Christopher Shores and Clive Wiliams credit him with six German aircraft destroyed, three probably destroyed and one damaged.
After the war, Tracey's remains were reinterred at Halfaya Sollum War Cemetery in Egypt. He was survived by his wife, Frances , who he had married in England, and his son, and they subsequently emigrated to New Zealand and settled in Tracey's home town of Dunedin.
Notes
References
New Zealand World War II pilots
New Zealand World War II flying aces
New Zealand aviators
New Zealand military personnel
The Few
Aviators killed by being shot down
1915 births
1941 deaths
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)
Royal Air Force personnel killed in World War II
Burials at Halfaya Sollum War Cemetery
People educated at St Kevin's College, Oamaru |
A timeline of the Holocaust is detailed in the events which are listed below. Also referred to as the Shoah (in Hebrew), the Holocaust was a genocide in which some six million European Jews were killed by Nazi Germany and its World War II collaborators. About 1.5 million of the victims were children. Two-thirds of the nine million Jews who had resided in Europe were murdered. The following timeline has been compiled from a variety of sources, including the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
Timeline
See also
Timeline of antisemitism
Timeline of Jewish history
Timeline of deportations of French Jews to death camps
Timeline of the Holocaust in Norway
Timeline of Treblinka extermination camp
Vichy Holocaust collaboration timeline
History of the Jews during World War II
References
Holocaust
Holocaust
The Holocaust-related lists |
Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, or co-ticarclav, is a combination antibiotic consisting of ticarcillin, a β-lactam antibiotic, and clavulanic acid, a β-lactamase inhibitor. This combination results in an antibiotic with an increased spectrum of action and restored efficacy against ticarcillin-resistant bacteria that produce certain β-lactamases.
References
Combination antibiotics |
The Centennial Voyageur Canoe Pageant was a canoe race started on May 24, 1967 in the Rocky Mountains by ten teams representing eight provinces and the Yukon Territory and Northwest Territories. Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland, the two remaining provinces were not entered. were paddled and portaged in 104 days by 100 men using six man shifts per team. They arrived in Montreal on September 4. Other privately sponsored canoes from across the country made similar trips.
As of March 2012, it still holds the Guinness record for longest canoeing race in history.
Beginnings
The Centennial Commission was started in 1963, with the mandate of organizing numerous projects
to promote the first Canadian Centennial. Regional governments advertised for participants. Every man that officially completed the trip would receive $1000 (CDN$ in dollars). The winning team an additional $1,500 per man and $500 for 2nd/3rd. There were other contests along the route as well.
The canoes
Twelve canoes were built for promotion and trials in 1966 by the Chestnut Canoe Company. The 10 canoes used the following year in the race were built by Moise Cadorette.
The route
Expo 67 Official Guide Book Schedule:
Day 1 Rocky Mountain House – Wed, May 24
Day 4 Edmonton – May 27
Day 9 Lloydminster – June 1
Day 11 North Battleford – June 3
Day 12 Saskatoon – June 4
Day 15 Prince Albert – June 7
Day 18 Nipawin – June 10
Day 21 The Pas – June 13
Day 34 Portage la Prairie – June 26
Day 39 Winnipeg – July 1
Day 40 Selkirk – July 2
Day 48 Kenora – July 10
Day 52 Fort Frances – July 14
Day 62 Fort William – July 24
Day 80 Sault Ste. Marie – August 11
Day 91 North Bay – August 22
Day 94 Deep River – August 25
Day 95 Pembroke – August 26
Day 96 Campbell's Bay, P.Q. – August 27
Day 97 Arnprior – August 28
Day 98 Ottawa – August 29
Day 104 Montreal Expo67 – Fri, September 4
See also
Expo 67
Don Starkell
Hudson's Bay Company forts and trading posts
Voyageurs
Books and periodicals
Guilloux, Doreen: Paddling, Portaging & Pageantry: 2007:
Dean, Misao: The Centennial Voyageur Canoe Pageant as Historical Re-enactment: Journal of Canadian Studies: Vol 40.3 pp. 43–67: 2006
Berton, Pierre: 1967: The Last Good Year: Toronto: Doubleday Canada: 1997:
References
http://archives.cbc.ca/sports/exploits/clips/7716/&ref=spe
http://www.allbusiness.com/north-america/canada/4062690-1.html
http://expo67.ncf.ca/
http://expo67.ncf.ca/expo_67_40th_anniversary_edition_p6.html
http://expo67.ncf.ca/expo_67_news_p35.html Ottawa Journal Article
http://expo67.ncf.ca/expo_67_news_p37.html
http://expo67.ncf.ca/expo_67_news_p38.html
External links
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eGm5mw8Bq9c
Canadian Centennial
Expo 67
Records in canoeing
Canoeing and kayaking competitions in Canada
1967 in Canada
History of Canada (1960–1981)
Canadian historical anniversaries |
British Rail Class D2/12 was a class of ten locomotives commissioned by British Railways in England. They were diesel powered locomotives in the pre-TOPS period built by Hudswell Clarke with a Gardner engine. The mechanical transmission, using a scoop control fluid coupling and four-speed Power-flow SSS (synchro-self-shifting) gearbox, was a Hudswell Clarke speciality.
The D2/12 was mechanically similar to the earlier British Rail Class D2/7 but was of more modern appearance. The engine casing was lower, giving much better all-round visibility.
After British Rail
D2519 was employed at NCB Hatfield Main, Doncaster, South Yorkshire as a shunter. It was located there until at least 1984.
D2511 is preserved at the Keighley and Worth Valley Railway.
See also
List of British Rail classes
References
Sources
Ian Allan ABC of British Railways Locomotives, 1966 edition, page 81
D002.12
D002.12
Hudswell Clarke locomotives
C locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1961
Standard gauge locomotives of Great Britain
Shunting locomotives |
Alex Roberts is a Canadian tabletop role-playing game designer. Her games typically lack a gamemaster (GM) and include romantic themes.
Career
Roberts was the host of the role-playing games podcast "Backstory" on the One Shot Podcast Network from 2016 to 2019.
Roberts made Star Crossed, published by Bully Pulpit Games in 2019, a game about forbidden romantic pairings; it was funded via a Kickstarter campaign. The game won the 2019 Diana Jones Award. The use of a Jenga tower as a game mechanic to heighten tension was inspired by the horror role-playing game Dread.
She designed For the Queen, published by Evil Hat Productions in 2019, a GM-less storytelling card game that initiated the genre of games called "Descended from the Queen." Brittany N. Arde at the University of Cincinnati used Roberts' For the Queen in a psychological study on the influence of storytelling games on team building. Emily St. James, for Vox, stated in 2020 that "Roberts is one of the RPG creators whose work most excites me right now, and For the Queen is her best game"; in 2022, she called Roberts "one of the best RPG designers working right now".
She created the two player play-by-post game Our Time on Earth in 2021. Roberts also did design work for Till the Last Gasp (2023), a 2-player dueling game published by Critical Role'''s imprint Darrington Press. Linda Codega, for Io9 described Till the Last Gasp'' as a blend of Will Hindmarch's tactical, mathematical design approach with Alex Roberts' "established" experience "designing immersive two-player games".
Personal life
Roberts is working towards finishing "a master's degree in counseling".
Works
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Date of birth missing (living people)
Canadian game designers
Board game award winners
LGBT-related tabletop games |
Muhammad Aslam Butt (Urdu: محمد اسلم بٹ ) was a Pakistani politician. He remained mayor of Gujranwala city for three consecutive terms.
Political career
He was elected mayor of Municipal Corporation Gujranwala from 1980 to 1983,1983 to 1987, then from 1988 to 1991. He has done tremendous work for the city and its people during his tenure. In 1983, he acquired 247 state kanals for the construction of a zoo in the city that wasn't completed due to some officials' mishandling; later, a case was registered against the involved. He is the creator of the international cricket ground known as Jinnah Stadium, Gujranwala, where Record-breaking Indian batsman Sachin Tendulkar made his ODI cricket debut in 1989. He has created many landmarks in the city. The most notable are the Municipal corporation building, Quaid-e-Azam Divisional Public school, Jannat bibi park, Gulshan-e-Iqbal park, Jinnah library, taxi stand and Liaquat park.
His son, Engineer Muhammad Ashraf butt, has been elected as a provincial member assembly of Punjab in bi-elections.
A road in the city named Gurunanakpura was renamed in honour of Mayor Muhammad Aslam Butt by the local government paying tribute to his services in Gujranwala.
Death
He died in his hometown Gujranwala, at 85, as he was ill for many years.
References
Pakistani politicians
People from Gujranwala
|
The Copa MS () was a tournament organized by Federação de Futebol de Mato Grosso do Sul in order to decide how club would be the representative of the state at the 2011 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D.
In 2011, the competition was abolished.
List of champions
References
Football in Mato Grosso do Sul |
A chicken wing tackle is a move in Australian rules football and rugby league, in which a player locks an opponent's arm so that he or she cannot legally move the ball. It is a controversial move that has injured players and resulted in fines and suspensions for players performing the tackle. The phrase was coined by Fox Sports NRL Producer Geoff Bullock (a.k.a. Bluey) in 2008.
Australian rules players are particularly vulnerable due to the swinging arm motion of the handball as a primary method of passing. A chicken wing tackle can pull a player's arm in such a way as to hyperextend arm and shoulder joints, causing the potential for painful dislocation.
Rugby league
Melbourne Storm forward Adam Blair was found guilty of committing a chicken wing tackle in an Australian Rugby League match against Brisbane Broncos in April 2008. A former Melbourne Storm player, of Hull Kingston Rovers in the Super League was fined £300 after performing the tackle, with a disciplinary panel finding him guilty of "behaviour contrary to the true spirit of the game by making a dangerous tackle".
Australian rules football
The use of the chicken wing tackle in the Australian Football League is generally considered to have been picked up from National Rugby League. In Australian rules, the motion of preparing to handball is such that there is an opportunity for the tackler can grab and pin the punching arm when it is behind the player's back. This leaves the player in possession exposed to serious shoulder injury. It became a controversy after Kangaroos' skipper Brent Harvey was chicken winged in 2009 during an Australian football match and suffered a dislocated elbow that caused him to miss months of play. The tackle has been furiously slammed by some saying it must be banned. AFL umpires manager Jeff Gieschen in 2009 stated that he was confident the practice would not become commonplace.
Notable incidents:
2009 AFL season - Richmond's Daniel Jackson chicken wing on North Melbourne captain Brent Harvey labelled an accident by AFL tribunal.
2012 AFL season - Carlton captain Chris Judd chicken winged North player Leigh Adams. Judd was widely criticised in the media for this action and was cited for misconduct by the Match Review Panel. He was subsequently suspended for 4 games by the tribunal.
2015 AFL season - Joel Selwood was suspended for one week for chicken winging Sam Wright.
2019 AFL season - Jack Riewoldt fined for chicken wing on Bayley Fritsch.
2022 AFL season - Sam Switkowski suspended for 2 weeks for chicken winging Jack Ginnivan. Jack Ginnivan cleared of chicken wing against Patrick Dangerfield.
References
Rugby league terminology
Rugby league in Australia
Australian rules football terminology
Laws of Australian rules football
National Rugby League
Rugby league controversies
Banned sports tactics |
István Molnár (9 October 1937 – 29 January 1999) was a Hungarian volleyball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1937 births
1999 deaths
Hungarian men's volleyball players
Olympic volleyball players for Hungary
Volleyball players at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Debrecen |
Mary-Ann Kirkby (born 1959) is a Canadian author who has written two memoirs about her upbringing in the Hutterite tradition.
Early life
Kirkby was born on a Hutterite colony in Manitoba to Ronald and Mary Dornn. Her family left the colony in 1969 when Kirkby was ten years old due to a conflict between Kirkby's father and the colony's head minister. Kirkby studied broadcast journalism in college, eventually becoming a television reporter and singer.
Books
Kirkby has written two books about her Hutterite upbringing. I Am Hutterite was originally self-published in 2007, earning enough commercial and critical success to lead to a 2010 re-release by publishers Key Porter Books in Canada and Thomas Nelson in the United States. The follow-up, Secrets of a Hutterite Kitchen, was published in 2014. Kirkby won the 2007 Saskatchewan Book Award for Non-fiction and the Gold Prize for Best Culinary Narrative at the 2015 Taste Canada Food Writing Awards. Kirkby has also co-written a children's book entitled Make a Rabbit, which she self-published in 2010.
Personal life
She is married to Gordon Kirkby, a politician.
References
External links
Polka Dot Press
Mary-Ann Kirkby on the Secrets of a Hutterite Kitchen
1959 births
Living people
Hutterite people
Hutterites in Canada
Writers from Manitoba
21st-century Canadian memoirists
Canadian women memoirists
21st-century Canadian women writers |
Michael Raduner (born 1 July 1958) is a Swiss lightweight rower. He won a gold medal at the 1978 World Rowing Championships in Copenhagen with the lightweight men's four.
References
1958 births
Living people
Swiss male rowers
World Rowing Championships medalists for Switzerland |
Sonor is a German musical instrument manufacturing company headquartered in Bad Berleburg. Established in 1875, it is one of the oldest percussion companies in the world. Sonor currently manufactures drum kits and hardware.
Apart from drum kits, Sonor also manufactured a wide range of other percussion instruments through its history. Some of them were frame drums, bongo drums, djembes, Cajons, timbales, congas, tambourines, maracas, guiros, glockenspiel, cymbals and mallets.
History
The company was founded in 1875 as a percussion instruments manufacturer. One of the oldest existing models of drums manufactured by Sonor is a 1942 Johannes Link Parade Snare, a very heavy snare drum with an aluminum shell and thick tension rods.
In the 1980s, Sonor's tagline was "The Rolls of drums". The drums were made of very thick (13 mm) and heavy shells that were beech wood, with an innermost and outermost ply of furniture-grade veneers, such as rosewood and bubinga. Nicko McBrain of Iron Maiden was one of the most prominent Sonor artists of the 1980s and 1990s, along with Mikkey Dee of Motörhead, Steve Smith of Journey, Phil Rudd of AC/DC, Danny Carey of Tool, Thomas Haake of Meshuggah, Glenn Kotche of Wilco, Gavin Harrison of Porcupine Tree, jazz/fusion artist Jojo Mayer and jazz legend Jack DeJohnette.
Sonor invented the modern screw thread drum-construction and the metal snare drum in the early 20th century. William F. Ludwig got this idea in his early years back in Germany from Sonor and began to use it later in Chicago.
As the 1980s progressed, the market began to stray away from thick heavy shells and Sonor started slimming down its shells with a line called "Sonorlite" and "Hilite", a step more towards the idea a drum shell should resonate like a violin or guitar body. The thinner the shell, the lower the fundamental tone.
Sonor drums have several design features, including undersized shells (a similar concept to a violin bridge - designed to enhance response), and tension rods that are round and feature a slot instead of the traditional square style (though recently Sonor made square heads standard, with slotted heads available as an option). Recently, Sonor re-introduced the designer X-Ray Acrylic drums, the first time in 20 years Sonor offered acrylic drums. These shells are made from seamless, extruded acrylic and feature acrylic hoops.
In 1953, the Orff instruments were officially included in Sonor’s production plan. In close collaboration with Professor Hans Bergese, a student of Carl Orff, Sonor developed a range of instruments. The basic idea was that the instruments should grow with the mental abilities and playing techniques of the child, thus encouraging active music making.
References
External links
Sonor Museum
Percussion instrument manufacturing companies
German brands
Musical instrument manufacturing companies of Germany
Companies based in North Rhine-Westphalia |
Cela is a freguesia (civil parish) in the municipality of Alcobaça, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 3,264, in an area of 25.83 km2. It received town status in 1999.
Climate
References
Towns in Portugal
Freguesias of Alcobaça, Portugal |
This is the full discography of American band OK Go.
Studio albums
Live albums
EPs
Singles
Notes
Music videos
References
Discographies of American artists
Rock music group discographies
Discography |
Jason James Mackie (born 25 December 1968) is a New Zealand former rugby league footballer.
Playing career
He represented Northland 18 times between 1990 and 1993 scoring 14 tries. During the 1991 season he was based in Devonport with the Navy and traveled to Whangarei for matches and training. In 1993 he captained the province to the North Island Second Division title and was also the player-coach of the Takahiwai Warriors who won the Northland Rugby League club competition. In 1990 Mackie represented the New Zealand Māori side against the touring Great Britain side. He later played in the 1992 Pacific Cup.
In 1993 he was the only second division player to be selected on the New Zealand national rugby league team tour of Great Britain and France and became Northland's first ever test player. He played in all four tests on tour.
In 1994 he was signed by the Auckland Warriors who were to enter the Australian Rugby League premiership in 1995. He moved south to Auckland and played for the Auckland City Vulcans in the 1994 Lion Red Cup. He was in the inaugural team for the Warriors when they made their debut in March, 1995. However, he played the majority of his Warriors career in the reserve grade team and was released in June 1996.
In 1997 he again represented Northland.
References
1968 births
Living people
Auckland rugby league team players
New Zealand national rugby league team players
New Zealand rugby league players
New Zealand Warriors players
Northland rugby league team players
Northern Districts rugby league team players
Royal New Zealand Navy personnel
Rugby league locks
Rugby league players from Northland Region
Place of birth missing (living people) |
Grass owl may refer to:
African grass owl (Tyto capensis), a species of bird found in Africa
Eastern grass owl (Tyto longimembris), a species of bird found in Asia, Australasia, and the western Pacific
Birds by common name |
Tweed Heads West is a suburb of Tweed Heads, located on the Tweed River in north-eastern New South Wales, Australia, in Tweed Shire along the Queensland and New South Wales border.
History
Tweed Heads West is situated in the Bundjalung traditional Aboriginal country.
Amenities
Boyd Family Park is situated on Piggabeen Road, adjacent to Cobaki Creek, with barbecue facility, drinking fountain, picnic setting and shelter.
Demographics
In the , Tweed Heads West recorded a population of 6,196 people, 53% female and 47% male.
The median age of the Tweed Heads West population was 48 years, 11 years above the national median of 37.
74.4% of people living in Tweed Heads West were born in Australia. The other top responses for country of birth were England 7.6%, New Zealand 3.5%, Scotland 1%, Germany 0.7%, Philippines 0.5%.
91% of people spoke only English at home; the next most common languages were 0.4% Tagalog, 0.4% German, 0.3% French, 0.3% Thai, 0.2% Spanish.
References
Suburbs of Tweed Heads, New South Wales |
Eupholus nickerli is a species of beetle belonging to the family Curculionidae.
Subspecies
Subspecies include:
Eupholus-nickerli cyanescens
Eupholus-nickerli anthracina
Distribution
This species can be found in Papua New Guinea.
Habitat
These beetles mainly inhabit warm forest.
Description
Eupholus nickerli can reach a length of about . In the subspecies Eupholus-nickerli cyanescens the basic colour of these quite variable beetles is metallic blue, with some transversal irregular black bands along the elytra. The thorax is uniformly blue. In the subspecies Eupholus-nickerli anthracina the basic color is greygreyish, with transversal black and yellowish bands . These structural colours derive from very small, flat scales and possibly serve to warn predators of their toxicity. The top of rostrum and the end of the antennae are black.
References
External links
World Field Guide
Als Photo Page
Entiminae
Beetles described in 1913 |
Said Tayeb Jawad (, born 1958) is an Afghan politician and diplomat. He served as the last ambassador of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan to the Russian Federation, from 2021 to 2022. From 2017 to 2020, Jawad served as Ambassador to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. From December 2003 to September 2010, Jawad served as Ambassador to the United States. He was also the non-resident Ambassador to Mexico, Brazil, Colombia and Argentina. From 2002 to 2003, he was Chief of Staff to President Hamid Karzai.
Jawad was also the CEO of Capitalize LLC, a strategic consulting firm based in Washington, D.C., where he led a dynamic team of international business experts advising governments, international companies and investors on politics, defense, security, market entry, commercial opportunities, and development strategies in Central Asia and the Gulf regions, including Afghanistan.
In October 2010, Jawad joined Harvard University's Future of Diplomacy Project at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs in the John F. Kennedy School of Government as the inaugural Fisher Family Fellow. In February 2011, he became Diplomat-in-Residence at Johns Hopkins University's Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies. He also currently serves as the Chairman of the Foundation for Afghanistan. He is also a Global Political Strategist at APCO Worldwide. and a member of Advisory Board of the Concordia Summit.
Background
Said Tayeb Jawad was born in the city of Kandahar in Afghanistan. He received higher education at Lycée Esteqlal and at the School of Law and Political Sciences in Kabul University. In 1980, shortly after the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, he left the country and went into exile in Germany, where he studied law at the University of Münster.
In 1986 he settled in the United States, where he earned his MBA from the Golden Gate University in San Francisco and worked for a number of prominent law firms, including as a legal consultant at Steefel, Levitt & Weiss, a San Francisco Embarcadero law firm.
As Afghan Ambassador to the United States, he re-established the Embassy of Afghanistan in Washington, D.C. and developed it into one of the most responsive and successful missions in Washington. He managed Afghanistan's diplomacy at a critical time with its key strategic partner through extensive interaction with the White House, State Department, Pentagon, U.S. Congress, U.S. media and academia; and initiated Afghanistan's diplomatic relations with Brazil, Argentina, Colombia and Mexico.
He is fluent in several languages, including Persian, Pashto, English, German and French. He is married to Shamim Jawad, Founder and President of Ayenda Foundation, a charitable organization that works on projects for women and children in Afghanistan.
Political career
Return to Afghanistan
Jawad went back to Afghanistan in March 2002. He worked for Afghan President Hamid Karzai's office and became his press secretary. By June, in addition to trying to coordinate the loya jirga, or grand council, for thousands of delegates and journalists, Jawad had become Karzai's Chief of Staff.
Until late 2003 he served as the President’s Press Secretary, Chief of Staff as well as the Director of the Office of International Relations at the Presidential Palace. Jawad has worked closely with President Karzai in formulating strategies, implementing policies, building national institutions and prioritizing reforms in Afghanistan. He also worked with the U.S. and Afghan military experts to help reform the Ministry of Defense, disarm local warlords and rebuild the Afghan National Army. Jawad was instrumental in drafting Afghanistan's foreign investment laws; he served as President Karzai's principal liaison with the constitutional commission throughout the drafting of the Constitution of Afghanistan. As Chief of Staff he accompanied the President and managed all foreign trips and state visits. He observed cabinet meetings and participated in the National Security Council meetings.
Ambassador to the United States
On December 4, 2003, Jawad assumed his official duties as Ambassador of Afghanistan to the United States and non-resident ambassador to Mexico, Brazil, Colombia and Argentina, making him Afghanistan's 19th top representative to the U.S. since diplomatic relations were established between the two countries in 1934.
As part of his role as Afghanistan's envoy to the U.S., Jawad has worked closely with two presidential administrations on U.S. strategy towards Afghanistan; developed close links to members of the U.S. Congress; hosted numerous visits of high-level ministers and President Karzai; appeared in newspaper, magazine, radio and television interviews; spoken before audiences at universities, think tanks, charitable organizations and community groups; and received awards and commendations for his work for Afghanistan.
Jawad has appeared numerous times in major American and international papers and television shows. He also regularly lectures and speaks at prominent universities and think tanks. According to the Washington Times Jawad has maintained a high profile for Afghanistan, even as most public attention since 2003 has been focused on the Iraq War.Washington Times: Afghan Progress
In late 2009 there were rumours that Jawad would be appointed foreign minister of AfghanistanMondiaal Nieuws Nieuwe regering, maar oude gewoonten in AfghanistanTolo TV: Afghan people want removal of present cabinet members but Karzai appointed Zalmai Rasul instead.
Jawad has participated in hundreds of conferences and forums related to Afghanistan and the region. Jawad is an avid polo player and a member of the Capitol Polo Club in Maryland. He played in the Green Cup and is a member of the United States Polo Association. Jawad has participated in many significant conferences and forums related to Afghanistan and the region in the past decade.
Ambassador to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
On January 2, 2017, Jawad was selected to serve as Afghanistan's Ambassador to the United Kingdom. On June 27, 2017, Jawad presented his Letter of Credentials to HM Queen Elizabeth II and officially took office as Ambassador of Afghanistan to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Ambassador Jawad's focus since the beginning of his tenure has been to strengthen political ties between the two countries and convey a message of gratitude to the British Armed forces for their continuous support and sacrifices in Afghanistan.
Under Jawad's leadership, the Embassy of Afghanistan in London, hosted unprecedented First Afghanistan-UK Business Conference on 17th of September, 2018 in London, where more than 100 businessperson attended and discussed business opportunities in Afghanistan. Further, the First Afghan British Business Forum a platform for Afghan-led businesses to connect, to expand and to strengthen their business networks in London was initiated under his leadership. In 2019, The 2nd Afghanistan-UK Business Conference, where five cabinet Ministers participated, was initiated to build on the success of the conference. The aim of the conference was to enhance trade and commerce between the United Kingdom and Afghanistan, while promoting Afghanistan’s growing business environment. “At this conference, along with British businessmen who want to invest in Afghanistan, we have also invited Afghan government officials to answer the British businessmen's questions,” Jawad said.
Political views
Having lived in Europe and the USA for more than 25 years, Jawad is familiar with western views on society and politics. He has been supportive of the American War on Terror and of involvement of women in Afghan politics. Jawad has said that the biggest concern that Afghans have about the international presence is that it might be short-lived.
Jawad has been loyal to President Karzai. He publicly defended Karzai against allegations of corruption and said that he is the most hard-working president Afghanistan has ever had. Nevertheless, in October 2009 he was the first Karzai aide to suggest that a run-off between Karzai and his challenger Abdullah Abdullah was very likely after allegations of election fraud. He said that a power sharing agreement between Karzai and Abdullah would be a good political solution but said he doubted that it would bring more skillful people to the government and that a coalition government meant sacrificing merits.
Jawad and his wife have worked several times with former first lady Laura Bush in promoting awareness of rights for Afghan woman and children. However Jawad criticized the Bush administration sometimes on using so much aerial bombing, resulting in civilian casualties, Jawad has expressed his gratitude to the US and foreign military powers in Afghanistan on a large number of occasions. Towards President Obama, who was less supportive of Afghan President Karzai, Jawad was more critical: "When the new administration came in there were a lot of changes and sometimes there was an oversimplification of the issues. Now the Obama administration is realizing you cannot just get rid of a democratically elected president of a country because you don't really like him." he said to United Press International. Further Jawad has voiced opposition to President Obama's plan to begin withdrawing troops from Afghanistan starting summer 2011. Jawad stressed the importance of continued international presence to avoid a situation as in the early 90s.
Jawad has stressed that too much of the international aid and military effort had bypassed the Afghan government which makes it impossible to build competent government and security. Jawad also has said that eradication of poppies is not the best solution to the Afghan narcotics problem.
In May 2005 Jawad signed a memorandum of understanding for the city of light, a large reconstruction plan for the center of Kabul.
Jawad has criticized Pakistan for not doing enough to stop the Taliban insurgency. Although he recognizes that new Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari seems much more committed to battling terrorism than his predecessor, General Pervez Musharraf. But, according to Jawad, Pakistan's army still appears to be more preoccupied with the country's traditional nemesis, India.
In November, 2013, Jawad participated with the Loya Jirga in Kabul to discuss and offer his insights on the status and terms of the Bilateral Security Agreement, the Presidential elections and political transition, as well as the international community's level of economic assistance, military engagement and jurisdiction for operating foreign troops in the country up to and post-2014. He is also a longstanding member of India-Pakistan- Afghanistan Dialogue, a track one and half confidence building forum among diplomats and former intelligence officials.
Awards, Honorary Degrees and International Conferences
Awards and honorary degrees granted to Jawad include the Constitutional Loya Jirga Service, Medal, Government of Afghanistan, Kabul, Afghanistan, 2003; Award of Merit for Rebuilding a Nation, American Society for Engineering Education, Washington, D.C, 2004, Honorary Doctorate Degree in Organization Leadership, Argosy University, Washington, D.C. 2007, theSpecial Award for Improving the Quality of Life, Washington, DC, 2007 and the Global Citizen Award, Roots of Peace, Washington, D.C., 2008.
In his role as Senior Political and Foreign Policy Advisor to the Chief Executive of Afghanistan, Ambassador Jawad was a key participant in the US Afghanistan Dialogue at Camp David, which was hosted by Secretary of State John Kerry on March 23, 2015. Jawad attended the event as part of the Afghan Delegation, which consisted of Afghanistan's President, Chief Executive Officer, and other high ranking Government officials.
Ambassador Jawad was selected by the U.S Department of Commerce to participate in the World Economic Forum on the Middle East and North Africa. He attended and contributed to the Forum in Amman, Jordan from 21–23 May 2015.
Ambassador Jawad attended the fifth anniversary of the Concordia Summit held in New York City on October 1 and 2, 2015. The Concordia Summit convened the world's preeminent leaders and decision makers to address the world's most pressing global challenges and emphasised the need for effective cross-sector collaboration to lead to a more prosperous and sustainable future. Jawad attended and contributed to the Summit as an active Concordia member.
Ambassador Jawad has attended and been a key contributor to various Halifax International Security Forums, most recently the one which convened on the 20–23 November 2015. The forum served as a platform for various international leaders, diplomats, and security professionals to comment on and assess the change in the increased threat level in the global landscape.
The International Development Law Organization (IDLO) hosted Ambassador Jawad at their headquarters in Rome, as an honored guest and key contributor to their Assembly of Parties. He contributed to the Organization's internal review regarding the best platform to approach rule of law and development in various countries, including work specifically in Afghanistan.
Ambassador Jawad participated in the NATO Summit on Afghanistan on July 8 and 9, 2016 in Warsaw, Poland, along with Afghanistan's Chief Executive Abdullah Abdullah and President Ashraf Ghani. At this summit, NATO reaffirmed its commitment to and confirmed funding for the Afghan National Defense and Security Forces until at least the end of 2020.
As Senior Political and Foreign Policy Advisor, Ambassador Jawad accompanied the Chief Executive of Afghanistan, Dr. Abdullah, to the World Humanitarian Summit held in Istanbul, Turkey, May 23 and 24, 2016.
Ambassador Jawad also participated at the London Conference on Afghanistan on December 4, 2014, in London, United Kingdom, where the conference provided a platform for the government of Afghanistan to set out its vision for reform and for the international community to demonstrate enduring solidarity and support for Afghanistan.
On April 30, 2019, Jawad received the 2019 Diplomat of the year award.
In 2022 Ambassador Said Tayeb Jawad received the distinction and honorary title of Academician in a ceremony hosted at the State Duma by the Russian Municipal Academy.
See also
Diplomatic missions of Afghanistan
United States-Afghanistan relations
Politics of Afghanistan
Publications
Afghanistan: Realities of War and Rebuilding
Be a Provider of Relief, not an Inquisitor of Belief (Dari). Amiri Publication, Kabul, 2019
References
External links
Official website
YouTube Channel
Twitter
Interview with SF Gate, March 2004
1958 births
Living people
Afghan politicians
Afghan diplomats
Ambassadors of Afghanistan to the United States
Ambassadors of Afghanistan to Mexico
Ambassadors of Afghanistan to Brazil
Ambassadors of Afghanistan to Colombia
Ambassadors of Afghanistan to Argentina
Harvard Kennedy School alumni
Golden Gate University alumni
Afghan emigrants to the United States
Former United States citizens
Ambassadors of Afghanistan to the United Kingdom
Ambassadors of Afghanistan to Russia |
This is a list of named coronae on Venus. With a few exceptions, cytherean coronae are named after fertility and earth goddesses.
List of coronae on Venus
See also
List of montes on Venus
List of craters on Venus
References
USGS: Venus Nomenclature: Corona
External links
USGS: Venus Nomenclature
Surface features of Venus
Venus-related lists
it:Corona (esogeologia)#Voci correlate |
Psari (Greek: Ψάρι, meaning "fish") may refer to the following places in Greece:
Psari, Iraia, Arcadia, a village in Arcadia, part of the municipal unit of Iraia
Psari, Trikolonoi, Arcadia. a village in Arcadia, part of the municipal unit of Trikolonoi
Psari, Elis, a settlement in Elis, part of the municipal unit Vouprasia
Psari, Corinthia, a settlement in Corinthia, part of the municipal unit Stymfalia
Psari, Messenia, a settlement in Messenia, part of the municipal unit Dorio
Psari (mountain), a mountaintop in Laconia |
Mikio Chiba (born 1 May 1935) is a Japanese equestrian. He competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics and the 1968 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1935 births
Living people
Japanese male equestrians
Olympic equestrians for Japan
Equestrians at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Equestrians at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing (living people) |
Vexillum costatum is a species of small sea snail. It is a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
Description
The length of the shell varies between 21 mm and 49 mm.
Distribution
In tropical Pacific from the Philippines to Polynesia; also off Australia (Queensland)
References
Lamarck, J.P.B.A de M. 1811. Suite de la détermination des espèces de mollusques testacés, Mitre (Mitra). Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris 17: 54-80, 195-222
Wood, W. 1828. Index Testaceologicus; or A Catalogue of Shells, British and Foreign, arranged according to the Linnean system. London : Taylor Supplement, pp. 1-59, pls 1-8.
Broderip, W.J. 1836. Characters of new genera and species of Mollusca and Conchifera collected by Mr. Cuming. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1835: 192-197
Reeve, L.A. 1845. Monograph of the genus Mitra. pls 28-39 in Reeve, L.A. (ed). Conchologia Iconica. London : L. Reeve & Co. Vol. 2.
Gould, A.A. 1850. Shells collected by the United States Exploring Expedition under the command of Charles Wilkes. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 3: 169-172
Hervier, J. 1897. Descriptions d'espèces nouvelles de Mollusques provenant de l'Archipel de la Nouvelle Calédonie. Journal de Conchyliologie 45: 47-69, pls 2-3
Cernohorsky, W.O. 1970. Systematics of the families Mitridae & Volutomitridae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum. Auckland, New Zealand 8: 1-190
Cernohorsky, W.O. 1981. Revision of J. Hervier's type-specimens of Mitracea (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from the Loyalty Islands. Bulletin du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle. Section A, Zoologie, biologie et écologie animale [Paris, published 1979-1996] 1 3: 93-109
Turner, H. 1989. Ungewöhnliche und neue Mitroidea aus dem Indopazifik. Teil 1. Club Conchylia Informationen 21(5/6): 30-62
Wilson, B. 1994. Australian marine shells. Prosobranch gastropods. Kallaroo, WA : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 2 370 pp.
Salisbury, R.A. 1999. Costellariidae of the World, Pt. 1. Of Sea and Shore 22(3): 124-136
Arnaud, J.P., Berthault, C., Jeanpierre, R., Martin, J.C. & Martin, P. 2002. Costellariidae et Mitridae de Nouvelle Calédonie. Xenophora. Association française de conchyliologie. Supplément 100: 52 pp.
External links
Gmelin, J. F. (1791). Vermes. In: Gmelin J.F. (Ed.) Caroli a Linnaei Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Ed. 13. Tome 1(6). G.E. Beer, Lipsiae
Cernohorsky, Walter Oliver. The Mitridae of Fiji; The veliger vol. 8 (1965)
costatum
Gastropods described in 1791 |
```php
<?php
/**
*/
namespace Test;
use OC\Files\Mount;
/**
* Test moveable mount for mocking
*/
class TestMoveableMountPoint extends Mount\MountPoint implements Mount\MoveableMount {
/**
* Move the mount point to $target
*
* @param string $target the target mount point
* @return bool
*/
public function moveMount($target) {
$this->setMountPoint($target);
}
/**
* Remove the mount points
*
* @return mixed
* @return bool
*/
public function removeMount() {
}
}
``` |
Ariel "Aree" Alexandria Davis is an American former actress. She is best known for her role as Megan Evers in the 2003 film The Haunted Mansion. She is the daughter of Sydney Davis and Darryl Davis and the older sister of former The Bernie Mac Show star Dee Dee Davis.
Her first big screen role was in The Haunted Mansion which co-starred with Eddie Murphy. She has also appeared in many television shows, including Everybody Hates Chris as Keisha and ER as Kaitlin. Aree has also appeared on a few how-to TV commercials based on The Haunted Mansion film. After guest starring on 'Til Death in 2008, Aree retired from acting. She has one child.
Filmography
Power Rangers Lightspeed Rescue (2000, Episode: "A Face from the Past") as Ginny
The Haunted Mansion (2003) as Megan Evers
ER (2004, TV Series) as Kaitlin
Everybody Hates Chris (2005–2006, TV Series) as Keisha Ridenhour
14th Annual Inner City Destiny Awards (2006) as herself
'Til Death (2008, TV Series) as Girl #1 (final appearance)
References
External links
Aree Davis on Twitter
American video game actresses
African-American actresses
American television actresses
American film actresses
American voice actresses
American child actresses
Living people
21st-century African-American people
21st-century African-American women
1991 births |
Sega Pinball Inc. was a division of Sega which existed from 1994 until 1999. Though Sega first entered the pinball market in 1971 but stopped production in 1978. Sega re-entered the market when it took over Data East's pinball division in 1994. They produced machines under the name Sega Pinball Inc. for 5 years before leaving the market again in 1999. Sega sold all pinball assets to Gary Stern, president of the division, who then founded Stern Pinball, Inc.
Sega Pinball (1994–1999)
Pinball
Maverick (1994)
Apollo 13 (1995)
Batman Forever (1995)
Baywatch (1995)
Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1995)
GoldenEye (1996)
Independence Day (1996)
Twister (1996)
Star Wars Trilogy (1997)
Starship Troopers (1997)
The X-Files (1997)
The Lost World: Jurassic Park (1997)
Space Jam (1998)
Godzilla (1998)
Golden Cue (1998)
Lost in Space (1998)
Viper Night Drivin' (1998)
South Park (1999)
Harley Davidson (1999)
Unreleased prototypes
Derby Daze (1996)
Roach Racers (1997)
Miscellaneous arcade machines
Cut the Cheese (1996)
Austin Powers (1997)
Udderly Tickets (1997)
Whack-A-Doodle-Doo (1998)
Titanic (1999)
Sega Enterprises Ltd. (1971–1978)
Pinball
Ali Baba
Arabian Night
Bad Cat
Big Kick
Big Together
Carnival
Cha-Cha-Cha
Crazy Clock
Explorer
Galaxy
Mikoshi
Millionaire
Miss Nessie
Monte Rosa
Nostalgia
Robin Hood
Rodeo
Sapporo
Sky Lover
Surfing
Temptation
Winner
Woman-Lib
See also
Sega, S.A. SONIC
References
External links
Sega Whitestar Pinball Hardware at System 16.com
Sega/Data East Version 3b Hardware at System 16.com
Sega Electromechanical Hardware at System 16.com
Sega Enterprises Ltd. at the Internet Pinball Machine Database
Sega Pinball Inc. at the Internet Pinball Machine Database
Sega Pinball Machines at Kineticist
Pinball manufacturers
Sega pinball machines
List of Sega pinball machines
1994 establishments in Illinois
pinball |
Bud Wiener Park is an urban park located in Los Angeles City Council District 14, Los Angeles, California. It consists of a grassy play area stocked with benches and drinking fountains.
References
Parks in California
Parks in Los Angeles County, California
Parks in Los Angeles |
Hostile Takeover is the fourth and final studio album by American rap group RBL Posse. It was released on May 8, 2001 for Right Way Records and was produced by G-Man Stan. Hostile Takeover proved to be the group's last album as Hitman was shot and killed in San Francisco on February 3, 2003, leaving Black C as the only surviving member.
Track listing
"Intro"- 1:26
"You Know the Rulez"- 3:53
"Where Am I Going To"- 4:57
"The Vapors"- 4:37
"Nightmares"- 4:13
"Frisco, Frisco"- 3:47
"Baller Skit"- 1:03
"Lay'em Down"- 4:03
"Chasin the Sunshine"- 4:01
"Millenium Mayhem"- 3:57
"Stay Pump!"- 3:47
"Fuckin Wit Us"- 3:38
"What!, What!"- 3:57
"Feel Me"- 4:33
"Smooth Sailin'"- 3:58
"Tribute Skit"- 1:29
"Lost a Homie"- 4:09
"R.B.L. 2001"- 4:20
"Hostile Takeover"- 4:48
2001 albums
RBL Posse albums |
{{Infobox comedian
| name = Jon Kenny
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| pseudonym =
| birth_name = Jonathan Kenny
| birth_date =
| birth_place = Hospital, County Limerick, Ireland
| death_date =
| death_place =
| medium = Television, film, stand-up
| nationality = Irish
| active =
| subject =
| influences =
| influenced =
| spouse =
| domesticpartner =
| notable_work = D'Unbelievables Father Ted | signature =
| footnotes =
| current_members =
| past_members =
}}
Jonathan Kenny (born 12 December 1957) is an Irish comedian and actor who lives in Lough Gur and is one half of the famous Irish comic duo d'Unbelievables with Pat Shortt. They were a very successful duo until 2000, releasing One Hell of a Video, D'Unbelievables, D'Video, D'Telly, D'Mother and D'collection but the group stopped touring after Kenny was diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma.My cancer battle by comic Jon, Daily Mirror, 30 November 2000
Kenny is an accomplished singer and supporter of Munster Rugby.
Kenny completed filming a lead role in an independent Europe feature film called Insatiable, directed by Jessie Kirby. On his new DVD, Back to Front'', Jon says he plays the nastiest man in Ireland in the film which is his first serious role. Kenny has many relatives from The Irish Midlands and the West of Ireland. His mother's maiden name is Dirraine and her grandparents came from Inis Mór in the Aran Islands.
Kenny returned to solo comedy and has performed throughout Ireland with his one-man show. In the spring of 2007, Kenny realised his first solo stand-up DVD 'Back to Front'.
Kenny created a brand new theatre show 'Mag Mell' with visual Artist Des Dillon and Musician/Composers Benny McCarthy & Conal Ó'Gráda in 2012-13.
Filmography
References
External links
Jon Kenny in 'Actors' file at Limerick City Library, Ireland
Jon Kenny in 'Musicians, Singers, Comedians, etc.' file at Limerick City Library, Ireland
1957 births
Living people
Irish impressionists (entertainers)
Irish male comedians
Irish male soap opera actors
Male actors from County Limerick |
The following is a list of Algerian journalists who have been assassinated by salafist terrorism in Algeria.
Journalists
A
Mustapha Abada
Ali Abboud
Mohamed Abderrahmani
Boussaâd Abdiche
Khaled Aboulkacem
Louiza Aït Adda
Laïd-Ali Aït El Hara
Allaoua Aït Mebarek
Zineddine Aliou-Salah
Yahia Ammour
Djilali Arabdiou
B
Saâdeddine Bakhtaoui
Mouloud Baroudi
Achour Belghezli
Mohamed Belkacem
Messaoud Bellache
Mohamed-Salah Benachour
Bakhti Benaouda
Hassan Benaouda
Rachid Bendahou
Abdelkrim Bendaoud
Hamidou Benkherfallah
Abdelhamid Benmeni
Lahcène Bensaadallah
Yahia Benzaghou
Zoubida Berkane
Aziz Bouabdallah
Djamel Bouchibi
Khaled Bougherbal
Ahmed Bouguerra
Abdallah Bouhachek
Djamel Bouhidel
Ali Boukherbache
Makhlouf Boukhezar
Kaddour Bousselham
Tayeb Bouterfif
Farida Bouziane
Radja Brahimi
Saïd Brahimi
Yasmine Brikh
C
Abderrahmane Chergou
Ferhat Cherkit
D
Khadidja Dahmani
Djamel Deraza
Tahar Djaout
Saïda Djebaïli
Mohamed Dorbane
Dalila Drideche
Yasmina Drissi
E
Yasser El Akel
F
Djamel Eddine Fahassi
Mohamed Fettah
G
Omar Guebriout
Hichem Guenifi
Khaled Guerdjouma
H
Houria Hammadi
Rachida Hammadi
Naïma Hamouda
Mokrane Hamoui
Abdelwahab Harrouche
Mohamed Hassaïne
Mourad Hemazi
Abdelkader Hireche
I
Naïma Illoul
Ahmed Issaad
K
Mohamed Kessab
Ahmed Khalfoun
Rachid Khodja
Salah Kitouni
L
Nassereddine Lakhal
Rabah Lallali
Ahmed-Mustapha Lazhar
Mohamed-Lamine Legoui
M
Hamid Mahiout
Saïd Mekbel
Mohamed Meceffeuk
Mohamed Mekati
Khaled Merioud
O
Ameur Ouagueni
Mahmoud Ouarhoum
Nacer Ouari
Omar Ourtilane
R
Si-Ali Reguieg
S
Abdelwahab Saadaoui
Belkacem Saadi
Malika Sabour
Azzeddine Saïdj
Smaïl Sbaghdi
Noureddine Serdouk
El-Hadi Slim
T
Mourad Taam
Ahmed Takouchet
Ali Tenkhi
Slim Tria
Y
Abdelmadjid Yacef
Abdelmadjid Yahiaoui
Z
Rabah Zenati
Farah Ziane
Djameleddine Zaïter
See also
List of Algerian people
List of Algerian writers
References
Death-related lists |
```php
<?php
/**
* Multisite administration functions.
*
* @package WordPress
* @subpackage Multisite
* @since 3.0.0
*/
/**
* Determine if uploaded file exceeds space quota.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param array $file $_FILES array for a given file.
* @return array $_FILES array with 'error' key set if file exceeds quota. 'error' is empty otherwise.
*/
function check_upload_size( $file ) {
if ( get_site_option( 'upload_space_check_disabled' ) )
return $file;
if ( $file['error'] != '0' ) // there's already an error
return $file;
if ( defined( 'WP_IMPORTING' ) )
return $file;
$space_left = get_upload_space_available();
$file_size = filesize( $file['tmp_name'] );
if ( $space_left < $file_size ) {
$file['error'] = sprintf( __( 'Not enough space to upload. %1$s KB needed.' ), number_format( ( $file_size - $space_left ) / KB_IN_BYTES ) );
}
if ( $file_size > ( KB_IN_BYTES * get_site_option( 'fileupload_maxk', 1500 ) ) ) {
$file['error'] = sprintf( __( 'This file is too big. Files must be less than %1$s KB in size.' ), get_site_option( 'fileupload_maxk', 1500 ) );
}
if ( upload_is_user_over_quota( false ) ) {
$file['error'] = __( 'You have used your space quota. Please delete files before uploading.' );
}
if ( $file['error'] != '0' && ! isset( $_POST['html-upload'] ) && ( ! defined( 'DOING_AJAX' ) || ! DOING_AJAX ) ) {
wp_die( $file['error'] . ' <a href="javascript:history.go(-1)">' . __( 'Back' ) . '</a>' );
}
return $file;
}
/**
* Delete a site.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
*
* @param int $blog_id Site ID.
* @param bool $drop True if site's database tables should be dropped. Default is false.
*/
function wpmu_delete_blog( $blog_id, $drop = false ) {
global $wpdb;
$switch = false;
if ( get_current_blog_id() != $blog_id ) {
$switch = true;
switch_to_blog( $blog_id );
}
$blog = get_blog_details( $blog_id );
/**
* Fires before a site is deleted.
*
* @since MU
*
* @param int $blog_id The site ID.
* @param bool $drop True if site's table should be dropped. Default is false.
*/
do_action( 'delete_blog', $blog_id, $drop );
$users = get_users( array( 'blog_id' => $blog_id, 'fields' => 'ids' ) );
// Remove users from this blog.
if ( ! empty( $users ) ) {
foreach ( $users as $user_id ) {
remove_user_from_blog( $user_id, $blog_id );
}
}
update_blog_status( $blog_id, 'deleted', 1 );
$current_site = get_current_site();
// If a full blog object is not available, do not destroy anything.
if ( $drop && ! $blog ) {
$drop = false;
}
// Don't destroy the initial, main, or root blog.
if ( $drop && ( 1 == $blog_id || is_main_site( $blog_id ) || ( $blog->path == $current_site->path && $blog->domain == $current_site->domain ) ) ) {
$drop = false;
}
$upload_path = trim( get_option( 'upload_path' ) );
// If ms_files_rewriting is enabled and upload_path is empty, wp_upload_dir is not reliable.
if ( $drop && get_site_option( 'ms_files_rewriting' ) && empty( $upload_path ) ) {
$drop = false;
}
if ( $drop ) {
$uploads = wp_get_upload_dir();
$tables = $wpdb->tables( 'blog' );
/**
* Filter the tables to drop when the site is deleted.
*
* @since MU
*
* @param array $tables The site tables to be dropped.
* @param int $blog_id The ID of the site to drop tables for.
*/
$drop_tables = apply_filters( 'wpmu_drop_tables', $tables, $blog_id );
foreach ( (array) $drop_tables as $table ) {
$wpdb->query( "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `$table`" );
}
$wpdb->delete( $wpdb->blogs, array( 'blog_id' => $blog_id ) );
/**
* Filter the upload base directory to delete when the site is deleted.
*
* @since MU
*
* @param string $uploads['basedir'] Uploads path without subdirectory. @see wp_upload_dir()
* @param int $blog_id The site ID.
*/
$dir = apply_filters( 'wpmu_delete_blog_upload_dir', $uploads['basedir'], $blog_id );
$dir = rtrim( $dir, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR );
$top_dir = $dir;
$stack = array($dir);
$index = 0;
while ( $index < count( $stack ) ) {
// Get indexed directory from stack
$dir = $stack[$index];
$dh = @opendir( $dir );
if ( $dh ) {
while ( ( $file = @readdir( $dh ) ) !== false ) {
if ( $file == '.' || $file == '..' )
continue;
if ( @is_dir( $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file ) ) {
$stack[] = $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file;
} elseif ( @is_file( $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file ) ) {
@unlink( $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file );
}
}
@closedir( $dh );
}
$index++;
}
$stack = array_reverse( $stack ); // Last added dirs are deepest
foreach ( (array) $stack as $dir ) {
if ( $dir != $top_dir)
@rmdir( $dir );
}
clean_blog_cache( $blog );
}
if ( $switch )
restore_current_blog();
}
/**
* Delete a user from the network and remove from all sites.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @todo Merge with wp_delete_user() ?
*
* @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
*
* @param int $id The user ID.
* @return bool True if the user was deleted, otherwise false.
*/
function wpmu_delete_user( $id ) {
global $wpdb;
if ( ! is_numeric( $id ) ) {
return false;
}
$id = (int) $id;
$user = new WP_User( $id );
if ( !$user->exists() )
return false;
// Global super-administrators are protected, and cannot be deleted.
$_super_admins = get_super_admins();
if ( in_array( $user->user_login, $_super_admins, true ) ) {
return false;
}
/**
* Fires before a user is deleted from the network.
*
* @since MU
*
* @param int $id ID of the user about to be deleted from the network.
*/
do_action( 'wpmu_delete_user', $id );
$blogs = get_blogs_of_user( $id );
if ( ! empty( $blogs ) ) {
foreach ( $blogs as $blog ) {
switch_to_blog( $blog->userblog_id );
remove_user_from_blog( $id, $blog->userblog_id );
$post_ids = $wpdb->get_col( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT ID FROM $wpdb->posts WHERE post_author = %d", $id ) );
foreach ( (array) $post_ids as $post_id ) {
wp_delete_post( $post_id );
}
// Clean links
$link_ids = $wpdb->get_col( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT link_id FROM $wpdb->links WHERE link_owner = %d", $id ) );
if ( $link_ids ) {
foreach ( $link_ids as $link_id )
wp_delete_link( $link_id );
}
restore_current_blog();
}
}
$meta = $wpdb->get_col( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT umeta_id FROM $wpdb->usermeta WHERE user_id = %d", $id ) );
foreach ( $meta as $mid )
delete_metadata_by_mid( 'user', $mid );
$wpdb->delete( $wpdb->users, array( 'ID' => $id ) );
clean_user_cache( $user );
/** This action is documented in wp-admin/includes/user.php */
do_action( 'deleted_user', $id );
return true;
}
/**
* Sends an email when a site administrator email address is changed.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param string $old_value The old email address. Not currently used.
* @param string $value The new email address.
*/
function update_option_new_admin_email( $old_value, $value ) {
if ( $value == get_option( 'admin_email' ) || !is_email( $value ) )
return;
$hash = md5( $value. time() .mt_rand() );
$new_admin_email = array(
'hash' => $hash,
'newemail' => $value
);
update_option( 'adminhash', $new_admin_email );
/* translators: Do not translate USERNAME, ADMIN_URL, EMAIL, SITENAME, SITEURL: those are placeholders. */
$email_text = __( 'Howdy ###USERNAME###,
You recently requested to have the administration email address on
your site changed.
If this is correct, please click on the following link to change it:
###ADMIN_URL###
You can safely ignore and delete this email if you do not want to
take this action.
This email has been sent to ###EMAIL###
Regards,
All at ###SITENAME###
###SITEURL###' );
/**
* Filter the email text sent when the site admin email is changed.
*
* The following strings have a special meaning and will get replaced dynamically:
* ###USERNAME### The current user's username.
* ###ADMIN_URL### The link to click on to confirm the email change.
* ###EMAIL### The new email.
* ###SITENAME### The name of the site.
* ###SITEURL### The URL to the site.
*
* @since MU
*
* @param string $email_text Text in the email.
* @param string $new_admin_email New admin email that the current administration email was changed to.
*/
$content = apply_filters( 'new_admin_email_content', $email_text, $new_admin_email );
$current_user = wp_get_current_user();
$content = str_replace( '###USERNAME###', $current_user->user_login, $content );
$content = str_replace( '###ADMIN_URL###', esc_url( self_admin_url( 'options.php?adminhash='.$hash ) ), $content );
$content = str_replace( '###EMAIL###', $value, $content );
$content = str_replace( '###SITENAME###', get_site_option( 'site_name' ), $content );
$content = str_replace( '###SITEURL###', network_home_url(), $content );
wp_mail( $value, sprintf( __( '[%s] New Admin Email Address' ), wp_specialchars_decode( get_option( 'blogname' ) ) ), $content );
}
/**
* Sends an email when an email address change is requested.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @global WP_Error $errors WP_Error object.
* @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database object.
*/
function send_confirmation_on_profile_email() {
global $errors, $wpdb;
$current_user = wp_get_current_user();
if ( ! is_object($errors) )
$errors = new WP_Error();
if ( $current_user->ID != $_POST['user_id'] )
return false;
if ( $current_user->user_email != $_POST['email'] ) {
if ( !is_email( $_POST['email'] ) ) {
$errors->add( 'user_email', __( "<strong>ERROR</strong>: The email address isn’t correct." ), array( 'form-field' => 'email' ) );
return;
}
if ( $wpdb->get_var( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT user_email FROM {$wpdb->users} WHERE user_email=%s", $_POST['email'] ) ) ) {
$errors->add( 'user_email', __( "<strong>ERROR</strong>: The email address is already used." ), array( 'form-field' => 'email' ) );
delete_user_meta( $current_user->ID, '_new_email' );
return;
}
$hash = md5( $_POST['email'] . time() . mt_rand() );
$new_user_email = array(
'hash' => $hash,
'newemail' => $_POST['email']
);
update_user_meta( $current_user->ID, '_new_email', $new_user_email );
/* translators: Do not translate USERNAME, ADMIN_URL, EMAIL, SITENAME, SITEURL: those are placeholders. */
$email_text = __( 'Howdy ###USERNAME###,
You recently requested to have the email address on your account changed.
If this is correct, please click on the following link to change it:
###ADMIN_URL###
You can safely ignore and delete this email if you do not want to
take this action.
This email has been sent to ###EMAIL###
Regards,
All at ###SITENAME###
###SITEURL###' );
/**
* Filter the email text sent when a user changes emails.
*
* The following strings have a special meaning and will get replaced dynamically:
* ###USERNAME### The current user's username.
* ###ADMIN_URL### The link to click on to confirm the email change.
* ###EMAIL### The new email.
* ###SITENAME### The name of the site.
* ###SITEURL### The URL to the site.
*
* @since MU
*
* @param string $email_text Text in the email.
* @param string $new_user_email New user email that the current user has changed to.
*/
$content = apply_filters( 'new_user_email_content', $email_text, $new_user_email );
$content = str_replace( '###USERNAME###', $current_user->user_login, $content );
$content = str_replace( '###ADMIN_URL###', esc_url( admin_url( 'profile.php?newuseremail='.$hash ) ), $content );
$content = str_replace( '###EMAIL###', $_POST['email'], $content);
$content = str_replace( '###SITENAME###', get_site_option( 'site_name' ), $content );
$content = str_replace( '###SITEURL###', network_home_url(), $content );
wp_mail( $_POST['email'], sprintf( __( '[%s] New Email Address' ), wp_specialchars_decode( get_option( 'blogname' ) ) ), $content );
$_POST['email'] = $current_user->user_email;
}
}
/**
* Adds an admin notice alerting the user to check for confirmation email
* after email address change.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @global string $pagenow
*/
function new_user_email_admin_notice() {
global $pagenow;
if ( 'profile.php' === $pagenow && isset( $_GET['updated'] ) && $email = get_user_meta( get_current_user_id(), '_new_email', true ) ) {
/* translators: %s: New email address */
echo '<div class="notice notice-info"><p>' . sprintf( __( 'Your email address has not been updated yet. Please check your inbox at %s for a confirmation email.' ), '<code>' . esc_html( $email['newemail'] ) . '</code>' ) . '</p></div>';
}
}
/**
* Check whether a site has used its allotted upload space.
*
* @since MU
*
* @param bool $echo Optional. If $echo is set and the quota is exceeded, a warning message is echoed. Default is true.
* @return bool True if user is over upload space quota, otherwise false.
*/
function upload_is_user_over_quota( $echo = true ) {
if ( get_site_option( 'upload_space_check_disabled' ) )
return false;
$space_allowed = get_space_allowed();
if ( ! is_numeric( $space_allowed ) ) {
$space_allowed = 10; // Default space allowed is 10 MB
}
$space_used = get_space_used();
if ( ( $space_allowed - $space_used ) < 0 ) {
if ( $echo )
_e( 'Sorry, you have used your space allocation. Please delete some files to upload more files.' );
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
/**
* Displays the amount of disk space used by the current site. Not used in core.
*
* @since MU
*/
function display_space_usage() {
$space_allowed = get_space_allowed();
$space_used = get_space_used();
$percent_used = ( $space_used / $space_allowed ) * 100;
if ( $space_allowed > 1000 ) {
$space = number_format( $space_allowed / KB_IN_BYTES );
/* translators: Gigabytes */
$space .= __( 'GB' );
} else {
$space = number_format( $space_allowed );
/* translators: Megabytes */
$space .= __( 'MB' );
}
?>
<strong><?php printf( __( 'Used: %1$s%% of %2$s' ), number_format( $percent_used ), $space ); ?></strong>
<?php
}
/**
* Get the remaining upload space for this site.
*
* @since MU
*
* @param int $size Current max size in bytes
* @return int Max size in bytes
*/
function fix_import_form_size( $size ) {
if ( upload_is_user_over_quota( false ) ) {
return 0;
}
$available = get_upload_space_available();
return min( $size, $available );
}
/**
* Displays the site upload space quota setting form on the Edit Site Settings screen.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param int $id The ID of the site to display the setting for.
*/
function upload_space_setting( $id ) {
switch_to_blog( $id );
$quota = get_option( 'blog_upload_space' );
restore_current_blog();
if ( !$quota )
$quota = '';
?>
<tr>
<th><label for="blog-upload-space-number"><?php _e( 'Site Upload Space Quota' ); ?></label></th>
<td>
<input type="number" step="1" min="0" style="width: 100px" name="option[blog_upload_space]" id="blog-upload-space-number" aria-describedby="blog-upload-space-desc" value="<?php echo $quota; ?>" />
<span id="blog-upload-space-desc"><span class="screen-reader-text"><?php _e( 'Size in megabytes' ); ?></span> <?php _e( 'MB (Leave blank for network default)' ); ?></span>
</td>
</tr>
<?php
}
/**
* Update the status of a user in the database.
*
* Used in core to mark a user as spam or "ham" (not spam) in Multisite.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
*
* @param int $id The user ID.
* @param string $pref The column in the wp_users table to update the user's status
* in (presumably user_status, spam, or deleted).
* @param int $value The new status for the user.
* @param null $deprecated Deprecated as of 3.0.2 and should not be used.
* @return int The initially passed $value.
*/
function update_user_status( $id, $pref, $value, $deprecated = null ) {
global $wpdb;
if ( null !== $deprecated )
_deprecated_argument( __FUNCTION__, '3.1' );
$wpdb->update( $wpdb->users, array( sanitize_key( $pref ) => $value ), array( 'ID' => $id ) );
$user = new WP_User( $id );
clean_user_cache( $user );
if ( $pref == 'spam' ) {
if ( $value == 1 ) {
/**
* Fires after the user is marked as a SPAM user.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param int $id ID of the user marked as SPAM.
*/
do_action( 'make_spam_user', $id );
} else {
/**
* Fires after the user is marked as a HAM user. Opposite of SPAM.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param int $id ID of the user marked as HAM.
*/
do_action( 'make_ham_user', $id );
}
}
return $value;
}
/**
* Cleans the user cache for a specific user.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param int $id The user ID.
* @return bool|int The ID of the refreshed user or false if the user does not exist.
*/
function refresh_user_details( $id ) {
$id = (int) $id;
if ( !$user = get_userdata( $id ) )
return false;
clean_user_cache( $user );
return $id;
}
/**
* Returns the language for a language code.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param string $code Optional. The two-letter language code. Default empty.
* @return string The language corresponding to $code if it exists. If it does not exist,
* then the first two letters of $code is returned.
*/
function format_code_lang( $code = '' ) {
$code = strtolower( substr( $code, 0, 2 ) );
$lang_codes = array(
'aa' => 'Afar', 'ab' => 'Abkhazian', 'af' => 'Afrikaans', 'ak' => 'Akan', 'sq' => 'Albanian', 'am' => 'Amharic', 'ar' => 'Arabic', 'an' => 'Aragonese', 'hy' => 'Armenian', 'as' => 'Assamese', 'av' => 'Avaric', 'ae' => 'Avestan', 'ay' => 'Aymara', 'az' => 'Azerbaijani', 'ba' => 'Bashkir', 'bm' => 'Bambara', 'eu' => 'Basque', 'be' => 'Belarusian', 'bn' => 'Bengali',
'bh' => 'Bihari', 'bi' => 'Bislama', 'bs' => 'Bosnian', 'br' => 'Breton', 'bg' => 'Bulgarian', 'my' => 'Burmese', 'ca' => 'Catalan; Valencian', 'ch' => 'Chamorro', 'ce' => 'Chechen', 'zh' => 'Chinese', 'cu' => 'Church Slavic; Old Slavonic; Church Slavonic; Old Bulgarian; Old Church Slavonic', 'cv' => 'Chuvash', 'kw' => 'Cornish', 'co' => 'Corsican', 'cr' => 'Cree',
'cs' => 'Czech', 'da' => 'Danish', 'dv' => 'Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian', 'nl' => 'Dutch; Flemish', 'dz' => 'Dzongkha', 'en' => 'English', 'eo' => 'Esperanto', 'et' => 'Estonian', 'ee' => 'Ewe', 'fo' => 'Faroese', 'fj' => 'Fijjian', 'fi' => 'Finnish', 'fr' => 'French', 'fy' => 'Western Frisian', 'ff' => 'Fulah', 'ka' => 'Georgian', 'de' => 'German', 'gd' => 'Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic',
'ga' => 'Irish', 'gl' => 'Galician', 'gv' => 'Manx', 'el' => 'Greek, Modern', 'gn' => 'Guarani', 'gu' => 'Gujarati', 'ht' => 'Haitian; Haitian Creole', 'ha' => 'Hausa', 'he' => 'Hebrew', 'hz' => 'Herero', 'hi' => 'Hindi', 'ho' => 'Hiri Motu', 'hu' => 'Hungarian', 'ig' => 'Igbo', 'is' => 'Icelandic', 'io' => 'Ido', 'ii' => 'Sichuan Yi', 'iu' => 'Inuktitut', 'ie' => 'Interlingue',
'ia' => 'Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)', 'id' => 'Indonesian', 'ik' => 'Inupiaq', 'it' => 'Italian', 'jv' => 'Javanese', 'ja' => 'Japanese', 'kl' => 'Kalaallisut; Greenlandic', 'kn' => 'Kannada', 'ks' => 'Kashmiri', 'kr' => 'Kanuri', 'kk' => 'Kazakh', 'km' => 'Central Khmer', 'ki' => 'Kikuyu; Gikuyu', 'rw' => 'Kinyarwanda', 'ky' => 'Kirghiz; Kyrgyz',
'kv' => 'Komi', 'kg' => 'Kongo', 'ko' => 'Korean', 'kj' => 'Kuanyama; Kwanyama', 'ku' => 'Kurdish', 'lo' => 'Lao', 'la' => 'Latin', 'lv' => 'Latvian', 'li' => 'Limburgan; Limburger; Limburgish', 'ln' => 'Lingala', 'lt' => 'Lithuanian', 'lb' => 'Luxembourgish; Letzeburgesch', 'lu' => 'Luba-Katanga', 'lg' => 'Ganda', 'mk' => 'Macedonian', 'mh' => 'Marshallese', 'ml' => 'Malayalam',
'mi' => 'Maori', 'mr' => 'Marathi', 'ms' => 'Malay', 'mg' => 'Malagasy', 'mt' => 'Maltese', 'mo' => 'Moldavian', 'mn' => 'Mongolian', 'na' => 'Nauru', 'nv' => 'Navajo; Navaho', 'nr' => 'Ndebele, South; South Ndebele', 'nd' => 'Ndebele, North; North Ndebele', 'ng' => 'Ndonga', 'ne' => 'Nepali', 'nn' => 'Norwegian Nynorsk; Nynorsk, Norwegian', 'nb' => 'Bokml, Norwegian, Norwegian Bokml',
'no' => 'Norwegian', 'ny' => 'Chichewa; Chewa; Nyanja', 'oc' => 'Occitan, Provenal', 'oj' => 'Ojibwa', 'or' => 'Oriya', 'om' => 'Oromo', 'os' => 'Ossetian; Ossetic', 'pa' => 'Panjabi; Punjabi', 'fa' => 'Persian', 'pi' => 'Pali', 'pl' => 'Polish', 'pt' => 'Portuguese', 'ps' => 'Pushto', 'qu' => 'Quechua', 'rm' => 'Romansh', 'ro' => 'Romanian', 'rn' => 'Rundi', 'ru' => 'Russian',
'sg' => 'Sango', 'sa' => 'Sanskrit', 'sr' => 'Serbian', 'hr' => 'Croatian', 'si' => 'Sinhala; Sinhalese', 'sk' => 'Slovak', 'sl' => 'Slovenian', 'se' => 'Northern Sami', 'sm' => 'Samoan', 'sn' => 'Shona', 'sd' => 'Sindhi', 'so' => 'Somali', 'st' => 'Sotho, Southern', 'es' => 'Spanish; Castilian', 'sc' => 'Sardinian', 'ss' => 'Swati', 'su' => 'Sundanese', 'sw' => 'Swahili',
'sv' => 'Swedish', 'ty' => 'Tahitian', 'ta' => 'Tamil', 'tt' => 'Tatar', 'te' => 'Telugu', 'tg' => 'Tajik', 'tl' => 'Tagalog', 'th' => 'Thai', 'bo' => 'Tibetan', 'ti' => 'Tigrinya', 'to' => 'Tonga (Tonga Islands)', 'tn' => 'Tswana', 'ts' => 'Tsonga', 'tk' => 'Turkmen', 'tr' => 'Turkish', 'tw' => 'Twi', 'ug' => 'Uighur; Uyghur', 'uk' => 'Ukrainian', 'ur' => 'Urdu', 'uz' => 'Uzbek',
've' => 'Venda', 'vi' => 'Vietnamese', 'vo' => 'Volapk', 'cy' => 'Welsh','wa' => 'Walloon','wo' => 'Wolof', 'xh' => 'Xhosa', 'yi' => 'Yiddish', 'yo' => 'Yoruba', 'za' => 'Zhuang; Chuang', 'zu' => 'Zulu' );
/**
* Filter the language codes.
*
* @since MU
*
* @param array $lang_codes Key/value pair of language codes where key is the short version.
* @param string $code A two-letter designation of the language.
*/
$lang_codes = apply_filters( 'lang_codes', $lang_codes, $code );
return strtr( $code, $lang_codes );
}
/**
* Synchronize category and post tag slugs when global terms are enabled.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param object $term The term.
* @param string $taxonomy The taxonomy for $term. Should be 'category' or 'post_tag', as these are
* the only taxonomies which are processed by this function; anything else
* will be returned untouched.
* @return object|array Returns `$term`, after filtering the 'slug' field with {@see sanitize_title()}
* if $taxonomy is 'category' or 'post_tag'.
*/
function sync_category_tag_slugs( $term, $taxonomy ) {
if ( global_terms_enabled() && ( $taxonomy == 'category' || $taxonomy == 'post_tag' ) ) {
if ( is_object( $term ) ) {
$term->slug = sanitize_title( $term->name );
} else {
$term['slug'] = sanitize_title( $term['name'] );
}
}
return $term;
}
/**
* Displays an access denied message when a user tries to view a site's dashboard they
* do not have access to.
*
* @since 3.2.0
* @access private
*/
function _access_denied_splash() {
if ( ! is_user_logged_in() || is_network_admin() )
return;
$blogs = get_blogs_of_user( get_current_user_id() );
if ( wp_list_filter( $blogs, array( 'userblog_id' => get_current_blog_id() ) ) )
return;
$blog_name = get_bloginfo( 'name' );
if ( empty( $blogs ) )
wp_die( sprintf( __( 'You attempted to access the "%1$s" dashboard, but you do not currently have privileges on this site. If you believe you should be able to access the "%1$s" dashboard, please contact your network administrator.' ), $blog_name ), 403 );
$output = '<p>' . sprintf( __( 'You attempted to access the "%1$s" dashboard, but you do not currently have privileges on this site. If you believe you should be able to access the "%1$s" dashboard, please contact your network administrator.' ), $blog_name ) . '</p>';
$output .= '<p>' . __( 'If you reached this screen by accident and meant to visit one of your own sites, here are some shortcuts to help you find your way.' ) . '</p>';
$output .= '<h3>' . __('Your Sites') . '</h3>';
$output .= '<table>';
foreach ( $blogs as $blog ) {
$output .= '<tr>';
$output .= "<td>{$blog->blogname}</td>";
$output .= '<td><a href="' . esc_url( get_admin_url( $blog->userblog_id ) ) . '">' . __( 'Visit Dashboard' ) . '</a> | ' .
'<a href="' . esc_url( get_home_url( $blog->userblog_id ) ). '">' . __( 'View Site' ) . '</a></td>';
$output .= '</tr>';
}
$output .= '</table>';
wp_die( $output, 403 );
}
/**
* Checks if the current user has permissions to import new users.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param string $permission A permission to be checked. Currently not used.
* @return bool True if the user has proper permissions, false if they do not.
*/
function check_import_new_users( $permission ) {
if ( !is_super_admin() )
return false;
return true;
}
// See "import_allow_fetch_attachments" and "import_attachment_size_limit" filters too.
/**
* Generates and displays a drop-down of available languages.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param array $lang_files Optional. An array of the language files. Default empty array.
* @param string $current Optional. The current language code. Default empty.
*/
function mu_dropdown_languages( $lang_files = array(), $current = '' ) {
$flag = false;
$output = array();
foreach ( (array) $lang_files as $val ) {
$code_lang = basename( $val, '.mo' );
if ( $code_lang == 'en_US' ) { // American English
$flag = true;
$ae = __( 'American English' );
$output[$ae] = '<option value="' . esc_attr( $code_lang ) . '"' . selected( $current, $code_lang, false ) . '> ' . $ae . '</option>';
} elseif ( $code_lang == 'en_GB' ) { // British English
$flag = true;
$be = __( 'British English' );
$output[$be] = '<option value="' . esc_attr( $code_lang ) . '"' . selected( $current, $code_lang, false ) . '> ' . $be . '</option>';
} else {
$translated = format_code_lang( $code_lang );
$output[$translated] = '<option value="' . esc_attr( $code_lang ) . '"' . selected( $current, $code_lang, false ) . '> ' . esc_html ( $translated ) . '</option>';
}
}
if ( $flag === false ) // WordPress english
$output[] = '<option value=""' . selected( $current, '', false ) . '>' . __( 'English' ) . "</option>";
// Order by name
uksort( $output, 'strnatcasecmp' );
/**
* Filter the languages available in the dropdown.
*
* @since MU
*
* @param array $output HTML output of the dropdown.
* @param array $lang_files Available language files.
* @param string $current The current language code.
*/
$output = apply_filters( 'mu_dropdown_languages', $output, $lang_files, $current );
echo implode( "\n\t", $output );
}
/**
* Displays an admin notice to upgrade all sites after a core upgrade.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @global int $wp_db_version The version number of the database.
* @global string $pagenow
*
* @return false False if the current user is not a super admin.
*/
function site_admin_notice() {
global $wp_db_version, $pagenow;
if ( ! is_super_admin() ) {
return false;
}
if ( 'upgrade.php' == $pagenow ) {
return;
}
if ( get_site_option( 'wpmu_upgrade_site' ) != $wp_db_version ) {
echo "<div class='update-nag'>" . sprintf( __( 'Thank you for Updating! Please visit the <a href="%s">Upgrade Network</a> page to update all your sites.' ), esc_url( network_admin_url( 'upgrade.php' ) ) ) . "</div>";
}
}
/**
* Avoids a collision between a site slug and a permalink slug.
*
* In a subdirectory install this will make sure that a site and a post do not use the
* same subdirectory by checking for a site with the same name as a new post.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param array $data An array of post data.
* @param array $postarr An array of posts. Not currently used.
* @return array The new array of post data after checking for collisions.
*/
function avoid_blog_page_permalink_collision( $data, $postarr ) {
if ( is_subdomain_install() )
return $data;
if ( $data['post_type'] != 'page' )
return $data;
if ( !isset( $data['post_name'] ) || $data['post_name'] == '' )
return $data;
if ( !is_main_site() )
return $data;
$post_name = $data['post_name'];
$c = 0;
while( $c < 10 && get_id_from_blogname( $post_name ) ) {
$post_name .= mt_rand( 1, 10 );
$c ++;
}
if ( $post_name != $data['post_name'] ) {
$data['post_name'] = $post_name;
}
return $data;
}
/**
* Handles the display of choosing a user's primary site.
*
* This displays the user's primary site and allows the user to choose
* which site is primary.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*/
function choose_primary_blog() {
?>
<table class="form-table">
<tr>
<?php /* translators: My sites label */ ?>
<th scope="row"><label for="primary_blog"><?php _e( 'Primary Site' ); ?></label></th>
<td>
<?php
$all_blogs = get_blogs_of_user( get_current_user_id() );
$primary_blog = get_user_meta( get_current_user_id(), 'primary_blog', true );
if ( count( $all_blogs ) > 1 ) {
$found = false;
?>
<select name="primary_blog" id="primary_blog">
<?php foreach ( (array) $all_blogs as $blog ) {
if ( $primary_blog == $blog->userblog_id )
$found = true;
?><option value="<?php echo $blog->userblog_id ?>"<?php selected( $primary_blog, $blog->userblog_id ); ?>><?php echo esc_url( get_home_url( $blog->userblog_id ) ) ?></option><?php
} ?>
</select>
<?php
if ( !$found ) {
$blog = reset( $all_blogs );
update_user_meta( get_current_user_id(), 'primary_blog', $blog->userblog_id );
}
} elseif ( count( $all_blogs ) == 1 ) {
$blog = reset( $all_blogs );
echo esc_url( get_home_url( $blog->userblog_id ) );
if ( $primary_blog != $blog->userblog_id ) // Set the primary blog again if it's out of sync with blog list.
update_user_meta( get_current_user_id(), 'primary_blog', $blog->userblog_id );
} else {
echo "N/A";
}
?>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<?php
}
/**
* Grants Super Admin privileges.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @global array $super_admins
*
* @param int $user_id ID of the user to be granted Super Admin privileges.
* @return bool True on success, false on failure. This can fail when the user is
* already a super admin or when the `$super_admins` global is defined.
*/
function grant_super_admin( $user_id ) {
// If global super_admins override is defined, there is nothing to do here.
if ( isset( $GLOBALS['super_admins'] ) ) {
return false;
}
/**
* Fires before the user is granted Super Admin privileges.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param int $user_id ID of the user that is about to be granted Super Admin privileges.
*/
do_action( 'grant_super_admin', $user_id );
// Directly fetch site_admins instead of using get_super_admins()
$super_admins = get_site_option( 'site_admins', array( 'admin' ) );
$user = get_userdata( $user_id );
if ( $user && ! in_array( $user->user_login, $super_admins ) ) {
$super_admins[] = $user->user_login;
update_site_option( 'site_admins' , $super_admins );
/**
* Fires after the user is granted Super Admin privileges.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param int $user_id ID of the user that was granted Super Admin privileges.
*/
do_action( 'granted_super_admin', $user_id );
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* Revokes Super Admin privileges.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @global array $super_admins
*
* @param int $user_id ID of the user Super Admin privileges to be revoked from.
* @return bool True on success, false on failure. This can fail when the user's email
* is the network admin email or when the `$super_admins` global is defined.
*/
function revoke_super_admin( $user_id ) {
// If global super_admins override is defined, there is nothing to do here.
if ( isset( $GLOBALS['super_admins'] ) ) {
return false;
}
/**
* Fires before the user's Super Admin privileges are revoked.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param int $user_id ID of the user Super Admin privileges are being revoked from.
*/
do_action( 'revoke_super_admin', $user_id );
// Directly fetch site_admins instead of using get_super_admins()
$super_admins = get_site_option( 'site_admins', array( 'admin' ) );
$user = get_userdata( $user_id );
if ( $user && 0 !== strcasecmp( $user->user_email, get_site_option( 'admin_email' ) ) ) {
if ( false !== ( $key = array_search( $user->user_login, $super_admins ) ) ) {
unset( $super_admins[$key] );
update_site_option( 'site_admins', $super_admins );
/**
* Fires after the user's Super Admin privileges are revoked.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param int $user_id ID of the user Super Admin privileges were revoked from.
*/
do_action( 'revoked_super_admin', $user_id );
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/**
* Whether or not we can edit this network from this page.
*
* By default editing of network is restricted to the Network Admin for that `$site_id`
* this allows for this to be overridden.
*
* @since 3.1.0
*
* @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
*
* @param int $site_id The network/site ID to check.
* @return bool True if network can be edited, otherwise false.
*/
function can_edit_network( $site_id ) {
global $wpdb;
if ( $site_id == $wpdb->siteid )
$result = true;
else
$result = false;
/**
* Filter whether this network can be edited from this page.
*
* @since 3.1.0
*
* @param bool $result Whether the network can be edited from this page.
* @param int $site_id The network/site ID to check.
*/
return apply_filters( 'can_edit_network', $result, $site_id );
}
/**
* Thickbox image paths for Network Admin.
*
* @since 3.1.0
*
* @access private
*/
function _thickbox_path_admin_subfolder() {
?>
<script type="text/javascript">
var tb_pathToImage = "<?php echo includes_url( 'js/thickbox/loadingAnimation.gif', 'relative' ); ?>";
</script>
<?php
}
/**
*
* @param array $users
*/
function confirm_delete_users( $users ) {
$current_user = wp_get_current_user();
if ( ! is_array( $users ) || empty( $users ) ) {
return false;
}
?>
<h1><?php esc_html_e( 'Users' ); ?></h1>
<?php if ( 1 == count( $users ) ) : ?>
<p><?php _e( 'You have chosen to delete the user from all networks and sites.' ); ?></p>
<?php else : ?>
<p><?php _e( 'You have chosen to delete the following users from all networks and sites.' ); ?></p>
<?php endif; ?>
<form action="users.php?action=dodelete" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="dodelete" />
<?php
wp_nonce_field( 'ms-users-delete' );
$site_admins = get_super_admins();
$admin_out = '<option value="' . esc_attr( $current_user->ID ) . '">' . $current_user->user_login . '</option>'; ?>
<table class="form-table">
<?php foreach ( ( $allusers = (array) $_POST['allusers'] ) as $user_id ) {
if ( $user_id != '' && $user_id != '0' ) {
$delete_user = get_userdata( $user_id );
if ( ! current_user_can( 'delete_user', $delete_user->ID ) ) {
wp_die( sprintf( __( 'Warning! User %s cannot be deleted.' ), $delete_user->user_login ) );
}
if ( in_array( $delete_user->user_login, $site_admins ) ) {
wp_die( sprintf( __( 'Warning! User cannot be deleted. The user %s is a network administrator.' ), '<em>' . $delete_user->user_login . '</em>' ) );
}
?>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><?php echo $delete_user->user_login; ?>
<?php echo '<input type="hidden" name="user[]" value="' . esc_attr( $user_id ) . '" />' . "\n"; ?>
</th>
<?php $blogs = get_blogs_of_user( $user_id, true );
if ( ! empty( $blogs ) ) {
?>
<td><fieldset><p><legend><?php printf(
/* translators: user login */
__( 'What should be done with content owned by %s?' ),
'<em>' . $delete_user->user_login . '</em>'
); ?></legend></p>
<?php
foreach ( (array) $blogs as $key => $details ) {
$blog_users = get_users( array( 'blog_id' => $details->userblog_id, 'fields' => array( 'ID', 'user_login' ) ) );
if ( is_array( $blog_users ) && !empty( $blog_users ) ) {
$user_site = "<a href='" . esc_url( get_home_url( $details->userblog_id ) ) . "'>{$details->blogname}</a>";
$user_dropdown = '<label for="reassign_user" class="screen-reader-text">' . __( 'Select a user' ) . '</label>';
$user_dropdown .= "<select name='blog[$user_id][$key]' id='reassign_user'>";
$user_list = '';
foreach ( $blog_users as $user ) {
if ( ! in_array( $user->ID, $allusers ) ) {
$user_list .= "<option value='{$user->ID}'>{$user->user_login}</option>";
}
}
if ( '' == $user_list ) {
$user_list = $admin_out;
}
$user_dropdown .= $user_list;
$user_dropdown .= "</select>\n";
?>
<ul style="list-style:none;">
<li><?php printf( __( 'Site: %s' ), $user_site ); ?></li>
<li><label><input type="radio" id="delete_option0" name="delete[<?php echo $details->userblog_id . '][' . $delete_user->ID ?>]" value="delete" checked="checked" />
<?php _e( 'Delete all content.' ); ?></label></li>
<li><label><input type="radio" id="delete_option1" name="delete[<?php echo $details->userblog_id . '][' . $delete_user->ID ?>]" value="reassign" />
<?php _e( 'Attribute all content to:' ); ?></label>
<?php echo $user_dropdown; ?></li>
</ul>
<?php
}
}
echo "</fieldset></td></tr>";
} else {
?>
<td><fieldset><p><legend><?php _e( 'User has no sites or content and will be deleted.' ); ?></legend></p>
<?php } ?>
</tr>
<?php
}
}
?>
</table>
<?php
/** This action is documented in wp-admin/users.php */
do_action( 'delete_user_form', $current_user, $allusers );
if ( 1 == count( $users ) ) : ?>
<p><?php _e( 'Once you hit “Confirm Deletion”, the user will be permanently removed.' ); ?></p>
<?php else : ?>
<p><?php _e( 'Once you hit “Confirm Deletion”, these users will be permanently removed.' ); ?></p>
<?php endif;
submit_button( __('Confirm Deletion'), 'primary' );
?>
</form>
<?php
return true;
}
/**
* Print JavaScript in the header on the Network Settings screen.
*
* @since 4.1.0
*/
function network_settings_add_js() {
?>
<script type="text/javascript">
jQuery(document).ready( function($) {
var languageSelect = $( '#WPLANG' );
$( 'form' ).submit( function() {
// Don't show a spinner for English and installed languages,
// as there is nothing to download.
if ( ! languageSelect.find( 'option:selected' ).data( 'installed' ) ) {
$( '#submit', this ).after( '<span class="spinner language-install-spinner" />' );
}
});
});
</script>
<?php
}
``` |
The 1977 Bangladesh Air Force mutiny was an attempted coup staged on 2 October 1977 by members of Bangladesh Air Force and the Signal Corps of Bangladesh Army.
Background
Anwar Sadat's warning
On 25 September 1977, President Ziaur Rahman went to Cairo, Egypt, to obtain the support of Egypt and the Arab League in securing Bangladesh’s place in the UN Security Council. During the meeting, Egyptian president Anwar Sadat informed Zia that the Egyptian intelligence services had uncovered a plot in the armed forces to overthrow Zia and install a Marxist government. Those involved in the plot were enlisted troops and non-commissioned officers, allegedly involved with the Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (National Socialist Party) and Communist Party. President Sadat indicated that the Soviet Union and Libya may have been involved in the plot. The conspirators planned to gun down Zia and other high ranking military officers at the Air Force Day celebrations on 28 September. Upon returning to Dhaka on 27 September, Zia sent a handwritten note to Air Vice Marshal A.G. Mahmud, informing Mahmud of his inability to attend the Air Force Day celebrations.
Japan Air Lines Flight 472 Hijacking
The hijacking of Japan Air Lines Flight 472 occurred on 28 September 1977 when the aircraft, en route from Paris to Tokyo made a stopover in Mumbai. The hijacking occurred shortly after taking off from Mumbai by 5 hijackers belonging to the Hidaka Commando Unit of the Japanese Red Army (JRA), armed with automatic weapons, grenades and plastic explosives. The hijackers forced the aircraft to land at Dhaka airport. Zia put A.G. Mahmud in charge of the negotiations with the hijackers, who demanded the release of 9 imprisoned members of the JRA and the East Asia Anti-Japan Armed Front, another far left group. Furthermore, the hijackers demanded a ransom of US $6 million.
30 September Bogra Mutiny
On 30 September, while the negotiations with the JRA hijackers were ongoing, a mutiny occurred in the city of Bogra. Enlisted soldiers of the 22 East Bengal Regiment killed two lieutenants and took the 93 Brigade Commander and several of his officers as hostages. The mutineers tried to incite soldiers of the 4 Horse, an armoured unit, but failed to garner their support. Subsequently, the mutineers looted several banks and shops in Bogra and released 17 former soldiers from the prison, who were imprisoned for their role in the 1976 Bogra mutiny.
The next day, the body of Lieutenant Hafizur Rahman was brought to Dhaka Cantonment for burial. While delivering the eulogy, the father of the slain officer claimed that the army failed to protect its officers from murderous and undisciplined soldiers. This accusation angered several enlisted men who were present at the graveyard. However, the situation was diffused by Brigadier M.A. Manzoor, who stated that the entire Bangladesh army could not be held responsible for the actions of a few soldiers.
Events
The mutiny begins
During the early hours of 2 October, the uprising was set in motion. Sheikh Abdul Latif of the Army Field Signals Battalion set off a cracker and fired a single rifle shot. Upon hearing this prearranged signal, hundreds of soldiers rushed out of their barracks and looted the armouries. These soldiers were soon joined by several hundred airmen from the nearby Kurmitola air base. At around 2:40 am, the Central Ordnance Depot was stormed by about 700 soldiers and airmen, who looted the weapons and ammunition. In the cantonment, leaflets calling for continued armed revolution and the creation of an army without officers were spread among the troops.
Radio station is captured
At 5 am, the government radio station was occupied by a group of soldiers and airmen, who announced the formation of a ‘revolutionary government’. Sergeant Afsar of the air force announced that a revolution had taken place, a revolutionary council had been formed to run the country and he was the head of the council. There are slightly different reports about the exact content of the mutineer’s broadcast. The New York Times reported that “The rebel troops seized the Government radio early today and said ‘A successful armed revolution has taken place with the help of the army, navy, air force, students and police’”. Another source states “They announced that a revolution of the workers, peasants, students and people’s army was underway and declared their coup a success”.
There was a lieutenant present at the radio station, who was told to leave by the mutineers. He rushed to the nearby Intercontinental Hotel and telephoned for help. Subsequently, soldiers from the 9th Division arrived and retook the radio station.
Airport massacre
Foreign secretary Tabarak Hussein was involved in the negotiations with the JRA hijackers, alongside Air Vice Marshal A.G. Mahmud and Vice President Sattar. He described the following events in a meeting with American diplomat Edward Masters. Around 2 am on the morning of 2 October, Mahmud came down from the control tower to speak with one of the JRA prisoners brought in from Tokyo. He tried to get this prisoner to convince the hijackers to release more hostages. After this discussion, Mahmud returned to the control tower. Sometime later, gunfire was heard near the airport’s main hangar. Upon hearing these gunshots, the air force officers present in the control tower fled, some changing into civilian clothes. The JRA hijackers were warned of the mutiny and told to shoot the mutineers if necessary, to protect themselves and their hostages. Hussein and Mahmood took refuge in a room near the office of the director general of civil aviation. Shortly after, a group of 4-5 enlisted men broke down the door and took Mahmud away. Hussein was unsure about whether these were mutineers or friendly forces. Regardless, Mahmud was unharmed.
The following air force officers were killed during the mutiny:
Group Captain Raas Masood
Group Captain Ansar Ahmad Chowdhury
Wing Commander Anwar Sheikh
Squadron Leader Matin
Flight lieutenant Shaukat Jan Chowdhury
Flight lieutenant Salhauddin
Flying Officer Mahboobul Alam
Flying Officer Aktaruzzaman
Pilot Officer M.H Ansar
Pilot Officer Nazrul Islam
Pilot Officer Shariful Islam
Furthermore, the mutineers also killed Mohammed Enam, the 16-year-old son of Squadron Leader Sirajul Hoq. Zia and the Army Staff used the 46th (Dhaka) Brigade and 9th Infantry Division to suppress the uprising. One company under Major Mostafa cleared the airport terminal by 7 am, after killing at least 20 Air Force mutineers and taking 60 mutineers prisoner. 10 soldiers of the army were killed while fighting against the mutineers.
When the mutiny failed, Sergeant Afsar, the leader of the uprising, refused to flee, despite his friends urging him to. He stated that many people joined the uprising in his name and if he fled, it would be an act of betrayal. He was subsequently arrested.
Aftermath
The mutiny was practically over by 8 am on 2 October, with only a negligible number of mutineers left. By the time the mutiny ended, the JRA had released two-thirds of their hostages and fled in their hijacked plane. Later that day, Zia spoke on the radio to reassure the country that everything was under control. He condemned the uprising, accusing the mutineers of ‘terrorism’ and ‘crippling the armed forces’. The following day, Zia received a congratulatory message from the Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, for successfully putting down the insurrection. Zia was determined to punish those involved in the mutiny. He disbanded the 22 East Bengal Regiment for the 30 September Bogra mutiny and the following army units in Dhaka for the 2 October uprising:
Army Field Signal Battalion
Army Static Signal Battalion
Corps of Signal Centre and School
Army Supply and Transport Battalion
He even considered disbanding the Bangladesh Air Force for its role in the mutiny, in favour of an Army Aviation Wing. However, this plan did not go ahead. According to official records, 1143 troops and airmen were hanged in the two months after 9 October, when the trials began. Several hundred other men were given varying prison sentences. “It was the most brutal, devastating punishment exercise in the history of Bangladesh, carried out with utmost speed and total disregard for justice and the legal process”, commented Anthony Mascarenhas.
References
1977 crimes in Bangladesh
Conflicts in 1977
1977
Murder in Bangladesh
Mutinies
Military history of Bangladesh
History of Bangladesh (1971–present)
1970s in Dhaka
1977 in military history
Military coups in Bangladesh
October 1977 events in Asia
1970s coups d'état and coup attempts
1977 crimes
October 1977 events |
Scott Allen Nollen is an American author known for writing about the history of film, music, literature and African American studies. He was born on April 2, 1963, in Harlan, Iowa. His father, Harold N. Nollen, served in the United States Coast Guard prior to running a successful petroleum distribution business, to which his mother, Shirley A. (Stoltz) Nollen, also contributed. Nollen was educated at the University of Iowa (1984-1989), where he received Bachelor's Degrees in Broadcasting and Film and Honors History, Phi Beta Kappa, and a Master's Degree in U.S., Modern European and African-American History. From 1991 to 2001, he served as an archivist and historian for the National Archives and Records Administration.
Life and work
Scott Allen Nollen became intrigued with Boris Karloff when his mother had him watch James Whale's Frankenstein (1931) at the age of five in 1968. He identified with Karloff's "monster", who never spoke in the film, but effectively conveyed a portrait of the misunderstood individual cast out by society.
Nollen knew he wanted to write a book about Karloff and had begun in high school. In 1981, Nollen's parents took him to England and Wales as a graduation present. While there, he contacted Karloff's widow, who appreciated Nollen's interest in and respect for Karloff; they remained in correspondence for the twelve years remaining of her life.
Nollen's literary collaborators include science-fiction legend Ray Bradbury, author-filmmakers Nicholas Meyer and Michael A. Hoey (son of actor Dennis Hoey), British musicians Ian Anderson and Dave Pegg, R&B singer Ruth Pointer, celebrity offspring Dame Jean Conan Doyle (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle), Sara Jane Karloff (Boris Karloff) and Chris Costello (Lou Costello), and film historians Paul M. Jensen and Gregory William Mank.
Nollen says about the 26 books he has produced in 32 years,
Writing scholarly books is a poverty-generating career: One spends far more on the projects than is recouped in royalties. Book sales are now about 25% of what they were just a few years ago, so these volumes are always a labor of love and an attempt to discover the truth for people who like to read, a group dwindling rapidly. The challenge, as a trained research historian—a detective, really—is always the effort to remain as “objective” as possible, to whatever extent that is possible.
Cliff Aliperti states regarding Nollen's incredibly prolific output, "This large body of work is all the more amazing when I take my experience with Boris Karloff: A Gentleman's Life into account... it's as exhaustively-researched a biography as you're going to find on the market, not just about Karloff, but any subject."
Nollen was chosen by the National Film Registry at the Library of Congress to write permanently held essays to accompany a group of films selected by the registry for preservation. Specifically, Nollen wrote the essays for Stagecoach, The Quiet Man, The Searchers and The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance all of which were directed by John Ford. He also wrote the essay for The Emperor Jones, with actor Paul Robeson.
Nollen died in 2021. His wife, Yuyun Yuningsih Nollen, made this announcement on Facebook: "My husband, Scott Allen Nollen had passed away in Thursday, August 12, 2021 at 20:20 o'clock local time at Indonesia." No further details were released.
Literary and Cinematic Works
Nollen's Boris Karloff: A Critical Account of His Screen, Stage, Radio, Television and Recording Work (1991) and Boris Karloff: A Gentleman’s Life (1999) were highly praised by classic film site Immortal Ephemera. His other well-regarded books include Robert Louis Stevenson: Life, Literature and the Silver Screen (1994), Sir Arthur Conan Doyle at the Cinema: A Critical Study of the Film Adaptations (1996), Jethro Tull: A History of the Band, 1968-2001 (2001), Louis Armstrong: The Life, Music and Screen Career (2004), Warners Wiseguys: All 112 Films that Robinson, Cagney and Bogart Made for the Studio (2007), Abbott and Costello on the Home Front: A Critical History of The Wartime Films (2009), Paul Robeson: Film Pioneer (2010), Three Bad Men: John Ford, John Wayne, Ward Bond (2013) and Glenda Farrell: Hollywood's Hardboiled Dame (2014).
In 2016, Nollen published The Making and Influence of I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang, regarding the 1932 film. The book was reviewed as "a fascinating account of the film's production," for which Robert E. Burns, the author of the autobiography on which it was based, served as an advisor."
Also a well-known authority on the life, music and films of Frank Sinatra, Nollen wrote The Cinema of Sinatra: The Actor, on Screen and in Song (2003), co-wrote the Grammy-nominated book for the Time-Warner CD box set Frank Sinatra in Hollywood 1940-1964 (2002), and frequently can be heard on the Hawaii Public Radio show Sinatra: The Man and the Music, hosted by Guy Steele.
In July 2018, Nollen was included as a commentator in the BBC2 Radio program Double Acts: Abbott and Costello, hosted by Dame Barbara Windsor, also featuring archival recordings of Bud Abbott, Lou Costello, The Andrews Sisters, Martha Raye and Ella Fitzgerald.
Nollen's 2019 book, Takashi Shimura: Chameleon of Japanese Cinema, was praised by journalist Jordan R. Young as "likely to stand as the definitive study of this versatile character actor." Jordan wrote that Nollen "is to be commended not only for his research but his erudite discourse on Japanese cinema...and Shimura’s role in it—something few Westerners could hope to attempt with such intelligent results."
Nollen and his wife, Yuyun Yuningsih Nollen, collaborated on Chester Morris: His Life and Career in 2019. In his review of the book, author James L. Neibaur called Nollen "one of the foremost film historians in the literary world, [who] now benefits from the assistance of his wife, Yuyun Yuningsih Nollen." Together, they have completed the third volume of Nollen's "Karloff Trilogy," Karloff and the East: Asian, Indian, Middle Eastern and Oceanian Characters and Subjects in His Screen Career, a massive tome covering the actor's entire life and career while devoting separate chapters to many neglected films, and are collaborating on the first-ever book on Asian American trailblazers Keye Luke, Victor Sen Yung and Benson Fong. They also are collaborating on one further classic actor biography and cinematic study, Charlie Red: The Life and Career of Charles Bickford.
In 2019, Nollen provided new commentary for seven films included in a first-ever blu-ray set of the Universal career of Abbott and Costello. He also has completed two new books on specific classic films based on literature: The Body Snatcher: Cold-Blooded Murder, Robert Louis Stevenson and the Making of a Horror Film Classic and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes at Universal (1942-1946), a collaboration with collector Kris Marentette. Another volume on "golden-age" Japanese cinema, The Films of Setsuko Hara: Madonna of Japanese Cinema is also forthcoming. Alternately, he narrates "audio book" versions of his own works and those of other authors.
Nollen's film work includes writing and directing a series of U.S. government documentaries, co-writing and co-directing (with his nephew, Ryan Baumbach) the independent feature Lofty (2005), and co-writing the scripts for the award-winning documentaries Kreating Karloff (2006) and Finnigan's War (2013), directed by Conor Timmis. Shot entirely on location in West Java, Indonesia, the independent film Five Indo Samurai, an homage to Japanese filmmaker Akira Kurosawa, featuring Yuyun Yuningsih Nollen in the lead role and other performers from Indonesia, Japan and the United States, and written and directed by Nollen, was released in August 2019.
Books
The Boys: The Cinematic World of Laurel and Hardy. McFarland, 1989. .
Boris Karloff: A Critical Account of His Screen, Stage, Radio, Television and Recording Work. McFarland, 1991. .
Robert Louis Stevenson: Life, Literature and the Silver Screen. McFarland, 1994. .
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle at the Cinema: A Critical History of the Film Adaptations. McFarland, 1996. .
Midnight Marquee Actors Series: Vincent Price. Midnight Marquee, 1998. .
Boris Karloff: A Gentleman’s Life. Midnight Marquee, 1999. .
Midnight Marquee Actors Series: Peter Lorre. Midnight Marquee, 1999. .
Robin Hood: A Cinematic History of the English Outlaw and His Scottish Counterparts. McFarland, 1999. .
Jethro Tull: A History of the Band, 1968-2001. McFarland, 2001. .
Frank Sinatra in Hollywood 1940-1964. Reprise/Warner Bros., 2002. ASIN B000066BN9.
The Cinema of Sinatra: The Actor, on Screen and in Song. Luminary Press, 2003. .
Louis Armstrong: The Life, Music and Screen Career. McFarland, 2004. .
Midnight Marquee Actors Series: Peter Cushing. Midnight Marquee, 2004. .
Warners Wiseguys: All 112 Films that Edward G. Robinson, James Cagney and Humphrey Bogart Made for the Studio. McFarland, 2007. .
Abbott and Costello on the Home Front: A Critical Study of the Wartime Films. McFarland, 2009. .
Jilly! Sinatra's Right-Hand Man. Vegas Broom Press, 2009. .
Paul Robeson: Film Pioneer. McFarland, 2010. .
Three Bad Men: John Ford, John Wayne, Ward Bond. McFarland, 2013. .
Black Diamond: The Real Illusion. Midnight Marquee, 2013. .
Glenda Farrell: Hollywood's Hardboiled Dame. Midnight Marquee, 2014. .
It's the Disney Version!. Rowman & Littlefield, 2016. .
The Making and Influence of I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang. McFarland, 2016. .
The American Civil War on Film and TV: Blue and Gray in Black and White and Color. Lexington Books, 2017. .
Takashi Shimura: Chameleon of Japanese Cinema. McFarland, 2019. .
Chester Morris: His Life and Career. With Yuyun Yuningsih Nollen. McFarland, 2020. .
Karloff and the East: Asian, Indian, Middle Eastern and Oceanian Characters and Subjects in His Screen Career. With Yuyun Yuningsih Nollen. McFarland, 2021. .
The Body Snatcher: Cold-Blooded Murder, Robert Louis Stevenson and the Making of a Horror Film Classic. With Yuyun Yuningsih Nollen. BearManor Media, 2021. .
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes at Universal (1942-1946). With Kris Marentette. BearManor Media, forthcoming.
Sons of Charlie Chan: Keye Luke, Sen Yung, Benson Fong. With Yuyun Yuningsih Nollen. BearManor Media, forthcoming.
The Films of Setsuko Hara: Madonna of Japanese Cinema. McFarland, forthcoming. .
Charlie Red: The Life and Career of Charles Bickford. With Yuyun Yuningsih Nollen. BearManor Media, forthcoming.
Lawman: A Companion to the Classic TV Western Series. By Bill Levy. Narrated by Scott Allen Nollen. BearManor Media/Blackstone Audio book, 2020..
Henry Brandon: King of the Bogeymen. By Bill Cassara and Richard S. Greene. Narrated by Scott Allen Nollen. BearManor Digital, 2020.
References
External links
Globally recognized historian for 30 years at creators.co
Nollen's Life is One of Many Talents and Challenges at harlanonline.com
Living people
1963 births |
The 2022 Scotland bin strike was a labour strike by bin workers across Scotland. The workers, represented by the GMB were striking for a pay rise to match that being given to local government workers in the rest of the UK. The strikes began in Edinburgh but spread to other parts of Scotland, affecting 20 of Scotland's 32 council areas.
Events
On 18 August, and following a pay dispute with Convention of Scottish Local Authorities (COSLA), refuse workers belonging to the Unison, Unite and GMB trade unions launched industrial action in Edinburgh. The 12-day strike began as the city played host to the 2022 Edinburgh Festival. The walkout ended at 04:59 on 30 August. The trade unions stated the main reason for strike was due to the UK cost of living crisis.
Residents in Edinburgh were told by Edinburgh City Council to keep all rubbish indoors.
On 29 August, GMB rejected the offer proposed by the Convention of Scottish Local Authorities. According to the Scottish Government, the deal included a payment of at least £1,925 for council staff, with those earning £20,000 receiving £2,000.
On 1 September, First Minister of Scotland Nicola Sturgeon met with council leaders and trade union leaders to resolve the dispute. On 2 September, the strikes were called off by the three unions involved after a 10% pay deal was agreed upon. Sturgeon had previously been criticised for attending Edinburgh Festival events while the strike was ongoing.
Health warning
A health warning was declared by Public Health Scotland due to the build-up of rubbish in urban areas. They also called on local authorities to deep clean public areas.
See also
2021 Brighton bin strike
2018–2022 UK higher education strikes
References
2022 labor disputes and strikes
2022 in Scotland
2020s in Edinburgh
August 2022 events in the United Kingdom
September 2022 events in the United Kingdom
Labour disputes in Scotland
Labour disputes in the United Kingdom
Nicola Sturgeon |
The Budatín Castle () is a castle in north-western Slovakia, near the city of Žilina, where the Kysuca river flows into the Váh river.
History
It was built as a guarding castle in the second half of the 13th century near the confluence of the Kysuca and the Váh, where tolls were collected. At the beginning of the 14th century, the originally royal fortress passed into the hands of Matthew III Csák and the castle, especially the towers, were fortified, and inside the fortress a new palace was built.
Beginning in 1487, the new owner of the castle was Gašpar Suňog (Hungarian:Gáspár Szunyogh), whose family owned it until the end of the 18th century. In the mid-16th century, the castle was rebuilt in the Renaissance style. The Turkish threat from the south, and more uprisings at the beginning of the 17th century forced the Suňogs to fortify the castle in the Renaissance style. At that time, the Gothic castle was changed into a comfortable Renaissance palace. During the Baroque period in the 17th century, efforts were concentrated on building a chapel and finishing various outbuildings of the castle and surrounding it by the park. After the Suňog family became extinct, the new owners were the Csákys, who owned the castle until 1945. During the revolutions of 1848/1849, imperial troops seriously damaged the castle, which was repaired in 1870, and was serving as a barracks. The park's size was reduced by the construction of Košice-Bohumín Railway in 1872. The last major reconstruction was done in the 1922–1923, based on the historical and romantic motives. Today, the castle houses three exhibitions of the Považie museum.
Sources
Budatínsky zámok
External links
Považie museum - Budatín castle
Castles in Slovakia
Buildings and structures in Žilina
Tourist attractions in Žilina Region
History museums in Slovakia |
Paris is a town in Oneida County, New York, United States. The town is in the southeast part of the county and is south of Utica. The population was 4,411 at the 2010 census. The town was named after an early benefactor, Colonel Isaac Paris.
History
The town was formed in 1792 from part of the town of Whitestown. In 1795, part of Paris was used to found the town of Sherburne (now in Chenango County). In 1827, the town of Kirkland, New York was separated from the town of Paris.
The St. Paul's Church and Cemetery at Paris Hill was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.
Notable people
Asa Gray, botanist
Edmund Ellsworth, Western Pioneer
Orson S. Head, lawyer, Wisconsin State Senator
Joseph E. Irish, clergyman, Wisconsin State Senator
Gerrit P. Judd, physician, missionary to Kingdom of Hawaii
Arthur Cushman McGiffert, theologian
David Pendleton Oakerhater, Cheyenne warrior, Episcopal deacon and saint
Michael O'Donoghue, writer and performer
Edward Tompkins, California State Senator
Charlemagne Tower, lawyer, soldier, and businessman
Albert J. Winegar, Wisconsin State Assemblyman
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which is land and 0.03% is water.
The eastern town line is the border of Herkimer County.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,609 people, 1,714 households, and 1,273 families. The population density was . There were 1,806 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 98.31% White, 0.35% African American, 0.07% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.20% from other races, and 0.85% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.54% of the population.
There were 1,714 households, out of which 38.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.3% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.7% were non-families. 22.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.15.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.3% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 25.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.2 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $41,571, and the median income for a family was $50,379. Males had a median income of $35,867 versus $26,315 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,446. About 6.0% of families and 7.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.7% of those under age 18 and 3.6% of those age 65 or over.
Communities and locations in Paris
Cassville – A hamlet west of Richfield Junction. It was named after Lewis Cass after it was founded in 1803.
Clayville – A village in the southeastern part of the town.
Grange Hill – An elevation located east of Paris.
Greens Crossing – A hamlet east of Paris Station.
Ludlow Corners – A location southeast of Clayville.
Paris – A hamlet.
Paris Station – A hamlet south of Paris hamlet near the western town boundary.
Richfield Junction – A hamlet near the southern town line on NY 8.
Sauquoit – This hamlet in the northern part of the town is the location of the town government. It was the second settlement made in the town.
Sauquoit Creek – An important stream flowing through the town.
Tassel Hill – Highest point in Oneida County. Located in the southern part of the town, east of NY 12 on the borders of the towns of Bridgewater, Marshall, and Sangerfield.
References
External links
Town of Paris, NY
Utica–Rome metropolitan area
Towns in Oneida County, New York
Towns in New York (state) |
The 58th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was one of the four Massachusetts "Veteran Regiments" raised in the winter of 1863–64. Recruits of these regiments were required to have served at least nine months in a prior unit. The regiment was attached to the IX Corps of the Army of the Potomac and took part in Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant's Overland Campaign in the spring of 1864. They were in heavy combat during the campaign, suffering casualties during engagements which included the Battle of the Wilderness, Spotsylvania Courthouse, and the Battle of the Crater. They were also involved in several assaults during the Siege of Petersburg.
Service
Organized at Reedville April 25, 1864. Moved to Alexandria, Va., April 28-30. Attached to 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, 9th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to July, 1865.
Detailed History
The 58th Regiment Mass. Vol. Inf. the Third Veteran Regiment, was organized at Readville, Mass., the first eight companies being mustered into the service between Jan. 14 and April 18, 1864. The conditions of enlistment were the same as those in the other veteran regiments. The regiment, consisting at this time of only eight companies, the organization of Companies "I" and "K" not having yet been completed, left the State April 28, 1864, under the command of Lieut. Col. John C. Whiton, formerly lieutenant colonel of the 43rd Regiment Mass. Volunteer Militia , and reached Alexandria, Va., Saturday, April 30. Here it took train May 2 for Bristoe Station, arriving that evening. At Bristoe it was assigned to Bliss' (1st) Brigade, Potter's (2nd) Division, Burnside's (9th) Corps, the 36th Massachusetts being in the same brigade. On May 4 the forward movement of the Army of the Potomac and of the 9th Corps began. That night the 58th reached a position near the Rappahannock River and there bivouacked. The following day it crossed this river and marched to and crossed the Rapidan at Germanna Ford, the sounds of the battle which began that day continually increasing as they advanced. On the forenoon of May 6 the 2nd and 3rd Divisions of the 9th Corps went into action in the woods south of the Wilderness Tavern, attempting to close the gap between the right of the 2nd and the left of the 5th Corps. In the afternoon, on the banks of a swampy ravine, the 58th was heavily engaged, losing seven killed, 23 wounded, and four missing. Following the flank movement to Spotsylvania, on the 12th of May the regiment joined in an assault on Hill's Corps, meeting stubborn resistance, and losing 13 killed, 90 wounded, and two missing. Among the killed were Captain Harley and Adjutant Ogden. In further skirmishing near Spotsylvania the regiment lost three killed and six wounded. At the North Anna River, May 24, the 58th was not heavily engaged, and in the fighting near the Totopotomoy about the last of the month but slight loss was suffered by the regiment. On the morning of June 3, 1864, the 9th Corps being on the right, near Bethesda Church, the 58th joined in the general assault, losing 18 killed and 67 wounded. Among the dead were Maj. Barnabas Ewer, Capt. Charles M. Upham, and Capt. Thomas McFarland. From this time until the 12th the regiment lost two killed, 12 wounded, and 16 missing. While the Cold Harbor operations were in progress, the regiment was joined by its ninth company, " I ", the muster in of which was not completed until May 13. Crossing the James River, June 15, on the 17th the 58th joined in the assault on the lines east of Petersburg, losing two killed, 22 wounded, and one missing. Between this time and July 30 it was engaged in trench duty, losing five killed and nine wounded. On July 30 came the Battle of the "Crater" near Petersburg. The tunnel under the salient had been made by soldiers of the 48th Pennsylvania which was in the same brigade with the 58th Massachusetts. The 58th was one of the regiments which charged into the "Crater" and beyond it, but was later driven back, losing Lieutenant Granet and four men killed, 30 wounded, and 84 prisoners. After this fight it remained in the trenches until the latter part of September. At Poplar Grove Church, south of Petersburg, the regiment was engaged Sept. 30, losing a large number of prisoners, the entire loss being two killed, 10 wounded, and 99 captured. Only about a dozen members of the command escaped. The winter of 1864-65 was spent by the 58th in Fort Meikle, and was without notable event. Its members were augmented by the return of convalescents, the arrival of recruits, and finally, on Feb. 20, 1865, by the arrival of Co. "K", the organization and muster of which had not been completed until Jan. 26, 1865. The 58th joined in the general assault on Petersburg, April 2, 1865, making a lodgment in the Confederate works just west of Fort Mahone, and losing five killed, 17 wounded, and 14 prisoners. After the fall of Petersburg, April 3, the regiment proceeded along the Southside Railroad as far as Burkeville Junction, being at this place at the time of the surrender of Lee. From here it moved to Farmville, where it remained ten days guarding the railroad. On April 20 it began its return march to City Point, arriving on the 24th. Embarking on the 26th, it reached Washington two days later. Here it was occupied in guard and camp duty until July 15, participating meanwhile in the Grand Review of the Army of the Potomac, May 23. The regiment was mustered out July 14, and on the following day took transportation for home. Arriving at Readville, July 18, on the 26th its members were paid off and discharged.
Casualties
The regiment lost 139 men killed in action and mortally wounded as well as 156 who died of disease for a total of 295 men who died during service.
See also
List of Massachusetts Civil War units
Massachusetts in the Civil War
Notes
References
External links
The Civil War in the East: 58th Massachusetts
The Siege of Petersburg Online: 58th Massachusetts Infantry
NPS, Battle Unit Details: 58th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry
Civil War Index: 58th Massachusetts Infantry in the Civil War
Units and formations of the Union Army from Massachusetts
1864 establishments in Massachusetts
Military units and formations established in 1864
Military units and formations disestablished in 1865 |
The 2021 European Judo Championships was held in Lisbon, Portugal from 16 to 18 April 2021.
Medal summary
Medal table
Men's events
Women's events
Participating nations
A total of 359 competitors from 45 nations participated.
References
External links
Results
European Judo Championships
European Championships
European Championships 2021
Judo
Judo
Judo
Judo |
Atle Ørbeck Sørheim (born 9 December 1933) is a Norwegian veterinarian and civil servant.
He was born in Østre Toten, finished his secondary education in 1953 and graduated with the cand.med.vet. degree in 1959. He ran his own veterinary office from 1959 to 1962, was a research assistant at the Norwegian School of Veterinary Science from 1962 to 1964, was municipal veterinarian in Vestre Toten from 1964 to 1965, and worked in Kenya for the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation from 1965 to 1969. He worked in the Norwegian Ministry of Agriculture from 1969 to 1979, the Norwegian Directorate for Health from 1979 to 1988 and was the director of the Norwegian State Food Authority from 1988 to 1998.
He was appointed a Knight First Class of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav in 1999.
References
1933 births
Living people
Norwegian veterinarians
Norwegian civil servants
Directors of government agencies of Norway
People from Østre Toten |
This is a list of notable car magazines.
Current
Middle East
Maqina Magazine
Australia
The Dog & Lemon Guide, a car buyer's guide originally based in New Zealand, since 2010 online only
Motor, founded in Australia in 1954 as Modern Motor, renamed Motor in 1992
NZ Classic Car, first issued in 1990
NZ Hot Rod Magazine, first issued in 1967
NZ Performance Car, first published in 1996
NZV8 magazine, launched in 2005
Top Gear Australia, published by the Bauer Media Group with a partnership with the BBC. Last issue October 2015
Wheels, first issued in Australia in 1953
Japan
Option, 1981
Drift Tengoku, 1999
Europe
British
Auto Express, first issued in 1988
Auto Italia, started in 1995 focussing on Italian marques, manufacturers and designers.
Autocar, first issued 1895, considered the first car magazine
Autosport, first issued in 1950, mainly concentrating on motor sport
Car, established in 1962 as Small Car, renamed Car in 1965
Car Mechanics, published since 1958
Classic & Sports Car, first issued in 1982
Classic Car Weekly, weekly magazine published since 1990
Evo, first issued 1998
Fast Car, first issued 1987, covering modified cars
Octane, first issued in 2003
Parker's Car Price Guide, founded in 1972
Performance BMW, launched in 2001
Practical Classics, published since 1980
Practical Performance Car
Top Gear, first issued in 1993; related to the BBC TV programme Top Gear
Total 911, launched in 2005; focuses on the Porsche 911
VolksWorld, published since 1987; specialising in Volkswagen cars
What Car?, first issued in 1973
Italy
Al Volante, first issued in 1999.
Quattroruote, first issued in 1956.
Ruoteclassiche, first issued in 1987; focuses on classic and vintage cars.
L'Auto Italiana, first issued in 1919; since 1957 focuses on cars from Quattroruote's collection.
North America
Automobile, first issue 1986
Automotive Industries, founded in 1895 as The Horseless Age, becoming The Automobile in 1909, then Automotive Industries in 1917
Autoweek, first issued in 1958
Car and Driver, first issued in 1955 as Sports Cars Illustrated, renamed in 1961
Car Craft, established in 1953 focussing on hod rods and drag racing
Cruisin' Style Magazine
Diesel Power, first published in 2005
European Cars
Green Car Journal, published quarterly since 1992
Hot Rod Magazine
Motor Trend, first published in 1949
Road & Track, first published in 1947
South America
Brazil
Quatro Rodas
Defunct
Brazil
0 Km
Automóveis Antigos
Automóvel & Requinte
Carro
Motor 3 (1980-1987)
Mecânica Popular
Oficina Mecânica
Old Cars
Platina (1994-1995)
Revista Racing
Super Auto
Status Motor
British
Auto Trader, print magazine published between 1975 and 2013, now online only
Automotor and Horseless Vehicle Journal, first issued in October 1896
Fast Lane (1984-1994)
iCar, only published two issues in 2011
Iota, about 500cc motor racing
Max Power, first issued in 1993, ceased publication in 2011; covered modified cars
Motor, first issued in 1903 as The Motor; ceased publication in 1988 after it was bought by Autocar
Motor Racing
Motor World, known as "Scotland's Motor Journal". Established in 1899
Performance Car, published 1983 to 1998, with a short-lived relaunch in 2008-09
Popular Motoring, published from 1962 to 1982.
Practical Motorist, published from 1934 to 1940, then 1954 to 1997.
Speed, official organ of the British Racing Drivers' Club (1935-1939)
France
L'automobile (1950's)
La Locomotion Automobile, The first issue was published in December 1894.
Omnia (1906-1936)
North American
Sports Cars Illustrated, launched in 1961, renamed Car and Driver in 1965
Speed Age, published May 1947 to October 1959
References
Cars |
Semioptila spatulipennis is a moth in the Himantopteridae family. It was described by Erich Martin Hering in 1937. It is found in Katanga Province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
References
Moths described in 1937
Himantopteridae |
Bagdad is a hamlet in the town of Collins in Erie County, New York, United States.
References
Hamlets in New York (state)
Hamlets in Erie County, New York |
Pola Buckley is an American accountant and the 20th Maine State Auditor. A Democrat, she was elected by the Maine Legislature to her position on January 7, 2013 serving until January, 2021, when she was succeeded by Matthew Dunlap and then Jacob Norton shortly after.
Buckley earned a Bachelor of Science degree in accounting from Boston College, and a master's degree in Business Administration from Thomas College.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Maine State Auditors
Women state constitutional officers of Maine
Maine Democrats
Carroll School of Management alumni
Thomas College alumni
American accountants
American women accountants
21st-century American women |
Varietease is a 1954 American burlesque film and the first such directed by Irving Klaw. According to its plot, the iconic pin-up model Bettie Page performs a burlesque show alongside Lili St. Cyr, Chris La Chris, Vicki Lynn, Bobby Shields, and others.
Synopsis
Varietease was Klaw's first documentary film reflective of burlesque clubs of the 1950s. Master of ceremonies Bobby Shields introduces the film's acts. Bettie Page performs a nudity-free Dance of the Seven Veils but teases in only removing four veils. Lili St. Cyr does four separate sequences, wherein she dresses and undresses to her underwear. Bettie Page returns presenting act cards while performing a few burlesque moves as she presents. Following are a comic, a female impersonator, the Barrow and Rodgers dance team, additional songs, and can-can dancers. The film ends with a pastie-covered reveal of Lili St. Cyr's chest.
Cast
Lili St. Cyr as herself
Bettie Page as herself
Irving Klaw as himself
Christine Nelson as herself
Baros & Rogers as themselves
Cass Franklin as herself
Chris LaChris as herself
Monica Lane as herself
Shelley Leigh as herself
Vickie Lynn as herself
Peppe & Roccio as themselves
Bobby Shields as himself
Dave Starr as himself
Twinnie Wallen as herself
Reception
Bettie Page performed a "particularly sexy but amateurish" Dance of the Seven Veils in the film. One performance by female impersonator Vicki Lynn in the film was said to have "crystallized the transgressive potential of the burlesque film." Varietease is one of the "famous compilations" of "classic burlesque shows."
The film was rereleased by Something Weird Video in 2006, sharing release with Teaserama. DVD Verdict noted that the films were both performed and staged as if for live audiences but offered: "Still, there is something endlessly fascinating about this old-fashioned flesh fest." In looking at the films 50 years after they were made, it was noted that the comedians were bad, the dance acts "droned on," and only a couple of the songs were mildly amusing. The reviewer stated that while the film would be best appreciated by viewers already fans of St. Cyr and Page, "[t]he stripping is indeed skillful and the ladies are almost always lovely to look at" and continued, "Sure, in 2006 these acts look positively tame. However, back when pornography was a social sin and fornication was for procreation, a glimpse of gam or a peek at some pert personal pillows was the height of honorable horniness."
Lawsuit
The film was the subject of a lawsuit by Page's estate against Something Weird Video, an Oregon company that was marketing videos of the film. Page's estate argued that marketing materials for the video infringed on Page's rights as a celebrity. A U.S. district court ruled against Page's estate because the video company had legitimately obtained all rights to the film and its associated marketing materials.
References
External links
Varietease at the Internet Movie Database
1954 films
American documentary films
American sexploitation films
1954 documentary films
Films about striptease
1950s English-language films
1950s American films |
John Walsh (1691-1753) was an Irish Anglican priest in the eighteenth century.
Walsh was born in Lisburn and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was Dean of Connor from 1739 until his death.
References
Alumni of Trinity College Dublin
Deans of Connor
18th-century Irish Anglican priests
Christian clergy from Lisburn
1753 deaths
1691 births |
Varigotti is a frazione (locality) of the comune of Finale Ligure, in Liguria, northern Italy.
History
In late antiquity times, it was known as Varicottis. In 643, when it was home to a Byzantine fortification, it was destroyed by the Lombard king Rothari. Later it suffered from Saracen raids, and in the 12th century it was contended between the marquisses of Noli and the Del Carretto family. Later it was a possession of the Republic of Genoa, and became an autonomous commune after the French Revolution.
In 1869, during the construction of the Genoa-Ventimiglia railroad, it was annexed to the Final Pia commune, and was subsequently part of the comune of Finale Ligure.
Tourism
Varigotti is a popular tourist destination, with both seaside and natural attractions. Most tourists come in the summer, since Varigotti is famous for its sea and beaches, particularly the Saracen's Beach, which is one of the largest public beaches in liguria.
Gallery
External links
Comune di Finale Ligure website
Frazioni of the Province of Savona
Former municipalities of the Province of Savona |
Songs of Shame is the fourth album by the American band Woods, released on April 9, 2009, on Woodsist and on April 14, 2009, on Shrimper Records. The album was recorded by the band at Jarvis Taveniere's studio, Rear House, in Brooklyn.
Critical reception
Songs of Shame received largely positive reviews from contemporary music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 79, based on 6 reviews, which indicates "generally favorable reviews".
Matthew Murphy of Pitchfork Media gave the album a positive review, stating, "Despite Woods' humble production values and their fondness for living room ambiance, Songs of Shame has that almost subliminal ability to make one want to move in to listen more closely. And once you've been drawn in for a good listen, it becomes difficult not to want to come back for many more."
Rob McCallum of PopMatters praised the album, stating, "It’s interesting that a collective known for releasing mix tapes of their main influences manages to go to portray these so clearly on their own recordings, yet never fall foul of relying too heavily upon the hybrid of nostalgia they pool from. “Gypsy Hand” gives Songs of Shame the scuzzed-out, guitar-laden ending it so deserves before “Where and What Are You ?” allows the record to meander off into a freak Fleet Fox-esque vocally harmonious closure. Each individual track on Songs of Shame manages to develop not only as the album progresses, but with each time the LP is played, with new favourites manifesting themselves with each listen, a sign of a truly great album."
Brendan Mahoney of Tiny Mix Tapes was rather critical of the album, stating, "Too often though, on this record and elsewhere, the disconnected vocals lazily substitute for things like artistic honesty and substance. Woods borrow somewhat vaguely from that vaguest of genres, indie rock, and the whole project seems a bit, well, rootless. If they decide to get serious about being a band and not just a project, maybe next record they could take us to their own personal woods, instead of just telling us about boring generalized woods. You know what I’m saying?"
Track listing
References
2009 albums
Albums produced by Jarvis Taveniere
Albums produced by Jeremy Earl
Woods (band) albums
Shrimper Records albums
Woodsist albums |
The Diamond Stars Football Club is a Sierra Leonean professional football club based in Koidu Town, Kono District, Sierra Leone. The club represent the diamond-rich Kono District and is a member of the Sierra Leone National Premier League, the top football league in Sierra Leone. The club is coached by a Class A Coach ZAPA.
History
The club got the name the Diamond Stars due to the rich diamond reserves in Kono district, where it is based. Diamond stars have one of the largest fan bases among Sierra Leonean football clubs and its supporters are primarily from Kono District. The club is owned a\ by the KonoDistrict Stakeholders, but was previously sponsored by the Koidu Holdings, diamond mining company, through their corporate social responsibility. However, the company stopped funding the Club in 2014.
The Diamond Stars are the current champions of the 2012 and 2013 Premier League season, and the first club outside Freetown to ever won the Premier League.
The club current coach is a Class A Coah ZAPA.
The club have won the Sierra Leonean FA Cup once, in 1992 and they are one of the most popular football clubs in Sierra Leone.
In October, 2018, the Board of Trustees of the Diamond Stars Football Club appointed a new executive, chaired by PC George Bockrie Torto as Team Chairman and Mr. Adams Tommy as Team Manager. Other executive members include: Mark Yambasu (deputy chairman, Sahr Amadu Komba (Deputy Team Manager); Sahr Ezra Kellie (Team Secretary); Munya Kanneh (Welfare Officer); Tamba Senessie (PRO1); Berns Komba Lebbie (PRO2); Tamba Sylvanus Morsay (Organizing Secretary)
Achievements
Sierra Leone League: 2
2012 and 2013.
Sierra Leonean FA Cup: 2
1992 and 2012.
Performance in CAF competitions
CAF Cup: 1 appearance
1994 – withdrew in Quarter-Finals
CAF Cup Winners' Cup: 2 appearances
1989 – First Round
1993 – Preliminary Round
References
External links
Team profile – leballonrond.fr
Football clubs in Sierra Leone
1954 establishments in Sierra Leone
Koidu |
Whitehill is a village and civil parish in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England, on the historic highway (now the A325) between Petersfield and Farnham. It is south of Bordon and covers an area of approximately 8 square miles.
The nearest railway station is Liss, south of the village.
For more information on Whitehill-Bordon and the eco-town proposal, see Bordon.
History
Lying on the main road between Petersfield and Farnham, now the A325, there had been a hostelry, the Prince of Wales, at what was to become Whitehill. With the development of Bordon and Longmoor Military Camps between 1899 and 1903, Whitehill, lying between the two, began to develop.
Whitehill became a civil parish in 1928, having formerly been part of the parishes of Headley and Selborne. By 1931, the population of the civil parish was 4,661 in 631 households. In 1932 a police station and court house were built, but courts were later held at Alton. The parish council changed its name to Whitehill Town Council in 1991. Its area is approximately 8 square miles.
Transport
Both Bordon and Whitehill straddle the very busy A325 road and the A3 road London to Portsmouth road passes through the parish (though not the village itself). The completion of the Hindhead Tunnel in July 2011 has improved road access to London, while also removing through-traffic taking the A325 through Bordon to avoid frequent delays at traffic lights in Hindhead; including some Guildford and M25-bound traffic from the south diverting via Farnham.
The nearest railway station is southeast of the town, at . The town used to have its own railway station on the Longmoor Military Railway but this closed in 1969. The Rail Delivery Group has proposed that a new railway line serve the town.
There was a bus link to Liphook railway station which was discontinued in May 2009. Stagecoach South bus 18 passes through the town on the way from Haslemere to Farnham and Aldershot. Stagecoach bus 13 passes through as it travels between Liphook and Alton.
References
External links
Whitehill Town Council website
Villages in Hampshire |
Petra Kvitová defeated Elena Rybakina in the final, 7–6(16–14), 6–2 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2023 Miami Open. It was Kvitová's first WTA 1000 title since the 2018 Madrid Open, and her 30th career title overall; she also became the first Czech player to win the title. Rybakina was attempting to complete the Sunshine Double, having already won the title at Indian Wells.
Iga Świątek was the reigning champion, but withdrew before the tournament began due to injury. This was the second consecutive year that the reigning champion pulled out from the tournament, following Ashleigh Barty's retirement from the sport last year.
Seeds
All seeds received a bye into the second round.
Draw
Finals
Top half
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Bottom half
Section 5
Section 6
Section 7
Section 8
Seeded players
The following are the seeded players. Seedings are based on WTA rankings as of March 6, 2023. Rankings and points before are as of March 20, 2023.
† The player was not required to count points for the 2022 tournament due to a long-term injury exception. Points from her 16th best result will be deducted instead.
‡ The player did not qualify for the main draw in 2022. Points from her 16th best result will be deducted instead.
Other entry information
Wildcards
Protected ranking
Withdrawals
Reference:
Qualifying
Seeds
Qualifiers
Lucky losers
Qualifying draw
First qualifier
Second qualifier
Third qualifier
Fourth qualifier
Fifth qualifier
Sixth qualifier
Seventh qualifier
Eighth qualifier
Ninth qualifier
Tenth qualifier
Eleventh qualifier
Twelfth qualifier
References
External links
Main draw
Qualifying draw
Miami Open
Singles women |
The Kwun Yótasi Range is a small subrange of the Swannell Ranges of the Omineca Mountains, located north of Tchentlo Lake and Nation Lakes in northern British Columbia, Canada.
References
Kwun Yótasi Range in the Canadian Mountain Encyclopedia
Swannell Ranges |
Clark Strand is an American author and lecturer on spirituality and religion. A former Zen Buddhist monk, he was the first Senior Editor of Tricycle: The Buddhist Review. He left that position in 1996 and moved to Woodstock, NY, US to write and teach full-time.
Biography
Clark Strand was raised as a Southern Presbyterian and studied philosophy and religion at Sewanee: The University of the South.
Strand's early explorations into Zen Buddhism enabled him to become a leader in this sect while residing at a Rinzai Zen Buddhist monastery. But he left this monastic order, and engaged in self-discovery through psychoanalysis, while working as the editor of Tricycle. In this position, he fortuitously learned about many schools of Buddhism in Asia and the West. He also explored the activities of various religious communities, including Buddhist temples, Hasidic synagogues, Christian monasteries and Hindu cults, in order to understand religion’s compatibility with the realities of modern life.
In January, 2000, Strand founded the Koans of the Bible Study Group (since renamed Woodstock Buddhist Bible Study), a weekly inter-religious discussion group devoted to finding a new paradigm for religious belief and practice.
In the early 2,000s, he began exploring the Soka Gakkai International originated from Soka Gakkai Japan, a humanistic religion based on the teachings of the 13th century Japanese monk, Nichiren who lived in Kamakura period. Strand's studies of this religion led him to write Waking the Buddha. Selection from this book: "One of the most striking things about the Soka Gakkai from a Buddhist point of view is its emphasis on attaining victory in ordinary life--sometimes under extraordinary circumstances...members chant the mantra-like title of the Lotus Sutra, Nam-myoho-renge-kyo, as a way of harnessing the universal life force inherent in their own bodies and minds...That principle of interconnectedness corresponds with what we know today about particle physics and planetary ecology, both of which support the view that all things are intimately interrelated and dependent upon one another-- that nothing exists as separate and alone."
Strand has written five other books, as well as articles on a variety of religious, spiritual and ecological themes. He writes for The Washington Post, The Huffington Post, The New York Times, Newsweek’s On Faith Blog, Tricycle, Body & Soul, Spirituality & Health and several other publications.
Workshops, lectures, conferences
Clark Strand has taught at workshops and retreats, lectured at colleges and universities in America and Japan, and has spoken at large Buddhist gatherings.
He is the founder of the Green Meditation Society in Woodstock, New York. This movement promotes an ecologically-based approach to spiritual practice, while bringing together like-minded people of different faiths and professions, and drawing upon the environmental teachings of the world's great religious traditions. He leads discussion groups and lectures on this topic in his hometown and at the Judson Memorial Church (in NYC’s Greenwich Village), which defines itself as "a sanctuary for progressive activism and artistic expression."
On May 14, 2015, Strand participated in the "First White House U.S. Buddhist Leaders Conference." He is quoted in The Washington Post, regarding this conference, “Buddhism was much more of a personal extreme sport. You went off to a monastery and mediated while your friends played golf. You were following some inner quest for enlightenment. But then came the maturation of Buddhism in America, where you look up from the meditation cushion and say: What does this actually mean, in terms of my citizenry, profession, relationship to others?”
Works
See also
Buddhism
Buddhism in Japan
Nichiren Buddhism
Buddhism in the West
Buddhism in the United States
Japanese new religions
References
External links
First White House U.S. Buddhist Leaders Conference
Stories by Clark Strand
Soka Gakkai International USA
Bridging Buddhism and the Bible: An Interview with Clark Strand
Clark Strand: Life and Work
Tricycle magazine Interview: Daisaku Ikeda
Clark Strand on You Tube
A Book Excerpt on Enthusiasm.
Understanding Nichiren Buddhism: Articles from Tricycle magazine
Christian Buddhism in "Buddhist Geeks"
American spiritual teachers
American spiritual writers
Living people
American magazine editors
Sewanee: The University of the South alumni
People from Woodstock, New York
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Pál Teleki (born 5 March 1906, died in 1985) was a Hungarian footballer who played for Hungary in the 1934 FIFA World Cup and a manager. He also played for Romanian clubs AMEF Arad and Chinezul Timişoara, and once turned out for the Romanian national side. He later played for Hungarian outfit Bocskai FC.
Honours
Chinezul Timişoara
Liga I: 1926–27
Bocskai FC
Hungarian Cup: 1929–30
References
1906 births
Footballers from Arad, Romania
People from the Kingdom of Hungary
Hungarian men's footballers
Romanian men's footballers
Hungary men's international footballers
Romania men's international footballers
Dual men's international footballers
1934 FIFA World Cup players
Men's association football forwards
Vagonul Arad players
Debreceni VSC players
Liga I players
Nemzeti Bajnokság I players
Hungarian football managers
Romanian football managers
Diósgyőri VTK managers
1985 deaths |
Llanfechan is a small church settlement in the community of Treflys, consisting of a church and a farm, and the surrounding area, it is beside the A483 on the north side of the Irfon Valley near Cilmeri, about west of Builth Wells, Powys, Wales.
Name
The community was originally known as Llanafan Fechan (Welsh for the "Lesser" fechan "Parish" llan of Saint Afan) to distinguish it from the larger one nearby, Llanafan Fawr. The settlement was referred to as Llanavon vechan in 1543. A third Llanafan also exists in Ceredigion, near the Trawsgoed Estate.
The settlement
The Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales (1870–72) describes the settlement as follows: LLANAFAN-FECHAN, or LLANFECHAN, a parish in Builth district, Brecon; on the river Irvon ... Acres, 2,783. Real property, £927. Pop[ulation], 163. Houses, 25. The surface is hilly, and the rocks include slate. Gwarafog, an ancient mansion, is now a farm-house. The living is a p[erpetual] curacy, annexed to the vicarage of Llanafan-Fawr, in the diocese of St. David's. The church is small.
The population fell from about 170 in 1801 to less than 90 in 1961, peaking in 1831 at nearly 190. In 1881, agriculture dominated male employment (64% of 39) and apart from a schoolmaster all the rest had manual jobs of various kinds.
Church
The present church dates to a refurbishment in 1866. The church is of typical medieval size and plan and this probably reflects the footprint of its predecessor. The 14th century font inside the church presumably comes from this earlier building. The church stands on an unnatural mound, assumed to be the debris of the earlier church, and within a raised churchyard about 45m across.
It was probably attached originally to the church at Llanafan Fawr ('Llanafan the Greater'), records of both churches during the 18th and 19th centuries show that curates from Llanafan Fawr also served Llanfechan. It was attached to the church at Llanganten by the early 20th century.
St Afan was a 5th or 6th century Welsh bishop, who was usually known as Afan Buallt, indicating a connection with the Buallt area. It is not known where or when he was a bishop, but the name by which he was referred suggests his diocese was around Builth in Brycheiniog with his seat at Llanafan Fawr.
References
Populated places in Powys |
The 2009–10 VfL Bochum season was the 72nd season in club history.
Review and events
Matches
Legend
Bundesliga
DFB-Pokal
Squad
Appearances and goals
Minutes played
Bookings
Transfers
Summer
In:
Out:
Winter
In:
Out:
Notes
Sources
External links
2009–10 VfL Bochum season at Weltfussball.de
2009–10 VfL Bochum season at kicker.de
2009–10 VfL Bochum season at Fussballdaten.de
Bochum
VfL Bochum seasons |
A massive fireball was recorded above Siberia, near Yekaterinburg, on November 14, 2014. The explosion apparently happened near the city of Rezh.
Various explanations have been proposed. The Russian Ministry for Emergency Situations said it was a ground explosion, but the Siberian Times, a local newspaper, reported that "the light was not accompanied by any sound". Regarding the meteoroid hypothesis, the Siberian Times also reported that "a local observatory indicated nothing fell from the sky on the day of the flash". Another hypothesis that was raised is that it was a high-altitude nuclear explosion.
See also
Chelyabinsk meteor, 15 February 2013, also seen in Yekaterinburg
References
History of Siberia
Suspected nuclear weapons testing |
Thilla Yaduwa is a village development committee in Dhanusa District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2,740 persons living in 503 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Dhanusa District
Populated places in Dhanusha District |
S5 No Exit is a 2022 Indian Telugu-language political thriller film directed by Sunny Komalapati and starring Taraka Ratna, P. Sai Kumar, Ali, Sunil and Prince Cecil. The music was composed by Mani Sharma. The film released after a two-year delay on 30 December 2022.
Cast
Soundtrack
The music was composed by Mani Sharma and released by Aditya Music.
Reception
A critic from The Times of India wrote that "Despite a stellar cast, this horror thriller is a dud and a waste of talent. A few minutes at the beginning and the end pique one’s interest and the rest of the story in the middle fails to deliver". A critic from 123telugu wrote that "On the whole, S5-No Exit is an unimpressive thriller because of its poor content and over-the-top performances. Some comedy scenes are okay to enjoy but the rest of the film has nothing to engage audiences". A critic from NTV gave the film a rating of out of 5 stars. A critic from Filmibeat wrote that "S5 No Exit is a solid political thriller made with elements of politics, comedy, action and suspense. It is a small film with good production values. Those who like political thrillers will like this movie".
References
External links
Indian political thriller films |
(Holy Mary, mother of God), K. 273, is an act of Consecration to Blessed Virgin Mary in F major, written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart for SATB choir, first and second violins, violas and basso continuo of violoncello, double bass and organ. Mozart entered the work into his catalogue on 9 September 1777 in Salzburg.
History
In the summer of 1777, the 21-year-old Mozart was desperate to leave Salzburg, and so asked Archbishop Colloredo to allow him and his father, Leopold, to find their income elsewhere. The archbishop's response was to dismiss both of them from his service, however he later felt remorse, and allowed Leopold to resume his job of deputy Kapellmeister. Mozart composed this act of consecration for the feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (8 September), before setting out on 23 September 1777 with his mother on their journey to Augsburg, Mannheim, and Paris, where she died.
Text
The text with English translation is as follows:
The full title of the manuscripts and published scores are "Sancta Maria mottetto de B.V.M." or "Graduale ad festum b. M. v. : "Sancta Maria, mater Dei"" (that is: Motet of/for the Blessed Virgin Mary, or Gradual for the Festival of the Blessed Virgin Mary.) The title of the first (known?) (1804, Anton Böhm ) published edition was "Sancta Maria, mater Dei : motette zu Marienfesten für Chor, 2 Violinen, Viola, Kontrabass und Orgel.". Additionally, according to Neue Mozart-Archiv, the autograph and parts-copies have "offertorium" written (but not in Mozart's or any identified hand).
References
External links
Sancta Maria, mater Dei, Latin and English, San Francisco Bach Choir
, Vienna Boys' Choir, men's choir of the Vienna State Opera
Compositions by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
1777 compositions
Compositions in F major
18th-century hymns in Latin |
Traby is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bielawy, within Łowicz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland.
References
Traby |
Anneliese Rockenbach (born 3 March 1943) is a Venezuelan swimmer. She competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics and the 1964 Summer Olympics.
References
1943 births
Living people
People from Mariánské Lázně
People from Sudetenland
Sudeten German people
Czechoslovak emigrants to Venezuela
Venezuelan people of German descent
Venezuelan female swimmers
Olympic swimmers for Venezuela
Swimmers at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 1964 Summer Olympics |
Uromastycinae is a subfamily of reptiles in the family Agamidae.
Genera
The subfamily consists of the following two genera:
References
External links
Agamidae
Reptile subfamilies
Taxa named by Frederick Vincent Theobald |
Alexander Boudewijn Sakkers (Delft, 28 May 1948) is a former politician from the Netherlands. He is a former member of the gedeputeerde staten of Groningen, mayor of Heerlen and mayor of Eindhoven.
Sakkers grew up in Arnhem. Originally he was employed as an airforce officer, however after his study in geography, he chose a career in education. Till 1993 he was rector (head of daily ongoings) of the secondary school community in Ter Apel.
Sakkers is a member of the liberal party, the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). In 1993 he became a member of the gedeputeerde staten of Groningen, with responsibility for economic and European affairs. In 2000 he became mayor of the city of Heerlen, in the southern province of Limburg. There he was responsible for Operatie Hartslag (operation heartbeat), which was supposed to lower drugproblems by taking care of addicts and increasing police presence. In 2003 he became mayor of Eindhoven, in the province of North Brabant. During his term in office he was responsible for the increased cooperation between the three local technology cities Eindhoven, Aachen and Leuven.
On 1 September 2007 Sakkers resigned early as mayor of Eindhoven to become chairman of Transport en Logistiek Nederland (TLN). His term as mayor would end in 2009. Sakkers is currently a member of the daily and general management of VNO-NCW. He is also chairman of the European commission for Transport of the International Road Transport Union (IRU) and he is a member of the Social-Economic Council on behalve of the employers in the Dutch transport area.
References
1948 births
Living people
Mayors of Eindhoven
Mayors of Heerlen
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy politicians
Politicians from Delft |
Schalbach is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
See also
Communes of the Moselle department
References
External links
Communes of Moselle (department) |
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* Hak Cipta 2016 - 2024 Perkumpulan Desa Digital Terbuka (path_to_url
*
* Dengan ini diberikan izin, secara gratis, kepada siapa pun yang mendapatkan salinan
* dari perangkat lunak ini dan file dokumentasi terkait ("Aplikasi Ini"), untuk diperlakukan
* tanpa batasan, termasuk hak untuk menggunakan, menyalin, mengubah dan/atau mendistribusikan,
* asal tunduk pada syarat berikut:
*
* Pemberitahuan hak cipta di atas dan pemberitahuan izin ini harus disertakan dalam
* setiap salinan atau bagian penting Aplikasi Ini. Barang siapa yang menghapus atau menghilangkan
* pemberitahuan ini melanggar ketentuan lisensi Aplikasi Ini.
*
* PERANGKAT LUNAK INI DISEDIAKAN "SEBAGAIMANA ADANYA", TANPA JAMINAN APA PUN, BAIK TERSURAT MAUPUN
* TERSIRAT. PENULIS ATAU PEMEGANG HAK CIPTA SAMA SEKALI TIDAK BERTANGGUNG JAWAB ATAS KLAIM, KERUSAKAN ATAU
* KEWAJIBAN APAPUN ATAS PENGGUNAAN ATAU LAINNYA TERKAIT APLIKASI INI.
*
* @package OpenSID
* @author Tim Pengembang OpenDesa
* @copyright Hak Cipta 2009 - 2015 Combine Resource Institution (path_to_url
* @copyright Hak Cipta 2016 - 2024 Perkumpulan Desa Digital Terbuka (path_to_url
* @license path_to_url GPL V3
* @link path_to_url
*
*/
use App\Enums\StatusPengaduanEnum;
use App\Models\Pengaduan;
defined('BASEPATH') || exit('No direct script access allowed');
class Pengaduan_admin extends Admin_Controller
{
public function __construct()
{
parent::__construct();
$this->modul_ini = 'pengaduan';
}
public function index()
{
$data = $this->widget();
return view('admin.pengaduan_warga.index', $data);
}
protected function widget(): array
{
return [
'allstatus' => Pengaduan::status()->count(),
'status1' => Pengaduan::status(StatusPengaduanEnum::MENUNGGU_DIPROSES)->count(),
'status2' => Pengaduan::status(StatusPengaduanEnum::SEDANG_DIPROSES)->count(),
'status3' => Pengaduan::status(StatusPengaduanEnum::SELESAI_DIPROSES)->count(),
'm_allstatus' => Pengaduan::bulanan()->count(),
'm_status1' => Pengaduan::bulanan(StatusPengaduanEnum::MENUNGGU_DIPROSES)->count(),
'm_status2' => Pengaduan::bulanan(StatusPengaduanEnum::SEDANG_DIPROSES)->count(),
'm_status3' => Pengaduan::bulanan(StatusPengaduanEnum::SELESAI_DIPROSES)->count(),
];
}
public function datatables()
{
if ($this->input->is_ajax_request()) {
$status = $this->input->get('status');
return datatables()->of(Pengaduan::tipe()->filter($status))
->addColumn('ceklist', static function ($row) {
if (can('h')) {
return '<input type="checkbox" name="id_cb[]" value="' . $row->id . '"/>';
}
})
->addIndexColumn()
->addColumn('aksi', static function ($row): string {
$aksi = '';
if (can('u')) {
$aksi .= '<a href="' . ci_route('pengaduan_admin.form', $row->id) . '" class="btn btn-warning btn-sm" title="Tanggapi Pengaduan"><i class="fa fa-mail-forward"></i></a> ';
}
if (can('u')) {
$aksi .= '<a href="' . ci_route('pengaduan_admin.detail', $row->id) . '" class="btn btn-info btn-sm" title="Lihat Detail"><i class="fa fa-eye"></i></a> ';
}
if (can('h')) {
$aksi .= '<a href="#" data-href="' . ci_route('pengaduan_admin.delete', $row->id) . '" class="btn bg-maroon btn-sm" title="Hapus Data" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#confirm-delete"><i class="fa fa-trash"></i></a> ';
}
return $aksi;
})
->editColumn('status', static fn ($row): string => '<span class="label ' . StatusPengaduanEnum::label()[$row->status] . '">' . ucwords(StatusPengaduanEnum::valueOf($row->status)) . ' </span>')
->editColumn('created_at', static fn ($row): string => tgl_indo2($row->created_at))
->rawColumns(['ceklist', 'aksi', 'status'])
->make();
}
return show_404();
}
public function form($id = '')
{
$this->redirect_hak_akses('u');
if ($id) {
$action = 'Tanggapi Pengaduan';
$form_action = ci_route('pengaduan_admin.kirim', $id);
$pengaduan_warga = Pengaduan::findOrFail($id);
}
return view('admin.pengaduan_warga.form', ['action' => $action, 'form_action' => $form_action, 'pengaduan_warga' => $pengaduan_warga]);
}
public function kirim($id): void
{
$this->redirect_hak_akses('u');
try {
$pengaduan = Pengaduan::findOrFail($id);
$pengaduan->update(['status' => $this->request['status']]);
Pengaduan::where('id_pengaduan', $id)->update(['status' => $this->request['status']]);
Pengaduan::create([
'config_id' => $pengaduan->config_id,
'id_pengaduan' => $id,
'nama' => $this->session->nama,
'isi' => bersihkan_xss($this->request['isi']),
'status' => $this->request['status'],
'ip_address' => $this->input->ip_address() ?? '',
]);
redirect_with('success', 'Berhasil Ditanggapi');
} catch (Exception $e) {
log_message('error', $e);
}
redirect_with('error', 'Gagal Ditanggapi');
}
public function detail($id = '')
{
$this->redirect_hak_akses('u');
if ($id) {
$action = 'Detail Pengaduan';
$pengaduan = Pengaduan::findOrFail($id);
}
return view('admin.pengaduan_warga.detail', ['action' => $action, 'pengaduan' => $pengaduan]);
}
public function delete($id = null): void
{
$this->redirect_hak_akses('h');
try {
Pengaduan::destroy($id ?? $this->request['id_cb']);
// Hapus komentar
if ($id) {
$this->request['id_cb'] = [$id];
}
Pengaduan::whereIn('id_pengaduan', $this->request['id_cb'])->delete();
redirect_with('success', 'Berhasil Hapus Data');
} catch (Exception $e) {
log_message('error', $e);
}
redirect_with('error', 'Gagal Hapus Data');
}
}
``` |
Alex (born April 20, 1976) is a former Brazilian football player.
Club career
Alex joined newly was promoted to J2 League club, Oita Trinita in 1999. On March 14, he debuted in J2 against Consadole Sapporo in opening game in 1999 season. He played 11 matches and Trinita finished at the 3rd place in 1999 season. He left the club end of 1999 season.
Club statistics
References
External links
plaza.rakuten.co.jp
1976 births
Living people
Brazilian men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
J2 League players
Oita Trinita players
Men's association football forwards
Expatriate men's footballers in Japan |
Secrets of a Hollywood Super Madam is an autobiography written by Jody Gibson.
Plot summary
In the late 1980s–1990s Gibson ran an exclusive "escort service" based in Hollywood, California, U.S.A., under the name "Sasha from the Valley", while also leading a double life on radio and television as a minor actress and recording artist. The book describes Gibson's life during this period. She was subsequently tried and convicted of pimping and conspiracy in a high media profile trial and sent to prison. Gibson claimed in the book that public figures used her business. Included in the text is court data from her "Black Book", which was introduced as evidence at the trial.
References
2007 non-fiction books
American autobiographies
Non-fiction books about American prostitution |
Nomreh-ye Seh-e Kupal (, also Romanized as Nomreh-ye Seh-e Kūpāl; also known as Nomreh-ye Seh) is a village in Gheyzaniyeh Rural District, in the Central District of Ahvaz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 319, in 69 families.
References
Populated places in Ahvaz County |
Tasha's Game is a free Adobe Flash puzzle-platform game by Klint Honeychurch, with art by Tasha Harris and music by Bert Chang and Razmig Mavlian. The game was published by Double Fine Productions, and was originally playable on their website.
Gameplay
Both the plot and art of Tasha's Game directly follow Tasha's Comic, the webcomic by Tasha Harris which was hosted at Double Fine's website when she worked there, and is now continued on her personal blog. The gameplay combines platform game and puzzle game mechanics in a way similar to Lucidity, although the main character in Tasha's Game is directly controllable. The game's main character is Tasha herself (as in her comics), and her cat Snoopy acts as the game's cursor. The object of the game is to free various members of the Double Fine team, and of Tasha's family, by running and jumping across obstacles as well as using various power-ups collected along the way. The power-ups comprise the puzzle half of the gameplay, and are deployed at various locations where Tasha can jump on them to let her access parts of the level that can't be accessed otherwise.
Reception
Tasha's Game was nominated for "Best of Casual Gameplay 2008" in the platform browser games category from Jay is Games. The International House of Mojo declared the game "easily better than Braid".
References
External links
2008 video games
Browser games
Puzzle-platform games
Side-scrolling video games
Video games developed in the United States
Video games scored by Razmig Mavlian
Double Fine games
Flash games |
```c
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file stm32f1xx_hal_pcd.c
* @author MCD Application Team
* @version V1.0.4
* @date 29-April-2016
* @brief PCD HAL module driver.
* This file provides firmware functions to manage the following
* functionalities of the USB Peripheral Controller:
* + Initialization and de-initialization functions
* + IO operation functions
* + Peripheral Control functions
* + Peripheral State functions
*
@verbatim
==============================================================================
##### How to use this driver #####
==============================================================================
[..]
The PCD HAL driver can be used as follows:
(#) Declare a PCD_HandleTypeDef handle structure, for example:
PCD_HandleTypeDef hpcd;
(#) Fill parameters of Init structure in HCD handle
(#) Call HAL_PCD_Init() API to initialize the HCD peripheral (Core, Device core, ...)
(#) Initialize the PCD low level resources through the HAL_PCD_MspInit() API:
(##) Enable the PCD/USB Low Level interface clock using the following macro
(+++) __HAL_RCC_USB_CLK_ENABLE(); For USB Device FS peripheral available
on STM32F102xx and STM32F103xx devices
(+++) __HAL_RCC_USB_OTG_FS_CLK_ENABLE(); For USB OTG FS peripheral available
on STM32F105xx and STM32F107xx devices
(##) Initialize the related GPIO clocks
(##) Configure PCD pin-out
(##) Configure PCD NVIC interrupt
(#)Associate the Upper USB device stack to the HAL PCD Driver:
(##) hpcd.pData = pdev;
(#)Enable HCD transmission and reception:
(##) HAL_PCD_Start();
@endverbatim
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* <h2><center>© COPYRIGHT(c) 2016 STMicroelectronics</center></h2>
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
* are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
* and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of STMicroelectronics nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
* AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
* SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* Includes your_sha256_hash--*/
#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
/** @addtogroup STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver
* @{
*/
#ifdef HAL_PCD_MODULE_ENABLED
#if defined(STM32F102x6) || defined(STM32F102xB) || \
defined(STM32F103x6) || defined(STM32F103xB) || \
defined(STM32F103xE) || defined(STM32F103xG) || \
defined(STM32F105xC) || defined(STM32F107xC)
/** @defgroup PCD PCD
* @brief PCD HAL module driver
* @{
*/
/* Private types -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private constants ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private macros ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/** @defgroup PCD_Private_Macros PCD Private Macros
* @{
*/
#define PCD_MIN(a, b) (((a) < (b)) ? (a) : (b))
#define PCD_MAX(a, b) (((a) > (b)) ? (a) : (b))
/**
* @}
*/
/* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/** @defgroup PCD_Private_Functions PCD Private Functions
* @{
*/
#if defined (USB_OTG_FS)
static HAL_StatusTypeDef PCD_WriteEmptyTxFifo(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint32_t epnum);
#endif /* USB_OTG_FS */
#if defined (USB)
static HAL_StatusTypeDef PCD_EP_ISR_Handler(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd);
#endif /* USB */
/**
* @}
*/
/* Exported functions --------------------------------------------------------*/
/** @defgroup PCD_Exported_Functions PCD Exported Functions
* @{
*/
/** @defgroup PCD_Exported_Functions_Group1 Initialization and de-initialization functions
* @brief Initialization and Configuration functions
*
@verbatim
===============================================================================
##### Initialization and de-initialization functions #####
===============================================================================
[..] This section provides functions allowing to:
@endverbatim
* @{
*/
/**
* @brief Initializes the PCD according to the specified
* parameters in the PCD_InitTypeDef and create the associated handle.
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_Init(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
uint32_t index = 0;
/* Check the PCD handle allocation */
if(hpcd == NULL)
{
return HAL_ERROR;
}
/* Check the parameters */
assert_param(IS_PCD_ALL_INSTANCE(hpcd->Instance));
if(hpcd->State == HAL_PCD_STATE_RESET)
{
/* Allocate lock resource and initialize it */
hpcd->Lock = HAL_UNLOCKED;
/* Init the low level hardware : GPIO, CLOCK, NVIC... */
HAL_PCD_MspInit(hpcd);
}
hpcd->State = HAL_PCD_STATE_BUSY;
/* Disable the Interrupts */
__HAL_PCD_DISABLE(hpcd);
/*Init the Core (common init.) */
USB_CoreInit(hpcd->Instance, hpcd->Init);
/* Force Device Mode*/
USB_SetCurrentMode(hpcd->Instance , USB_DEVICE_MODE);
/* Init endpoints structures */
for (index = 0; index < 15 ; index++)
{
/* Init ep structure */
hpcd->IN_ep[index].is_in = 1;
hpcd->IN_ep[index].num = index;
hpcd->IN_ep[index].tx_fifo_num = index;
/* Control until ep is actvated */
hpcd->IN_ep[index].type = EP_TYPE_CTRL;
hpcd->IN_ep[index].maxpacket = 0;
hpcd->IN_ep[index].xfer_buff = 0;
hpcd->IN_ep[index].xfer_len = 0;
}
for (index = 0; index < 15 ; index++)
{
hpcd->OUT_ep[index].is_in = 0;
hpcd->OUT_ep[index].num = index;
hpcd->IN_ep[index].tx_fifo_num = index;
/* Control until ep is activated */
hpcd->OUT_ep[index].type = EP_TYPE_CTRL;
hpcd->OUT_ep[index].maxpacket = 0;
hpcd->OUT_ep[index].xfer_buff = 0;
hpcd->OUT_ep[index].xfer_len = 0;
}
/* Init Device */
USB_DevInit(hpcd->Instance, hpcd->Init);
hpcd->USB_Address = 0;
hpcd->State= HAL_PCD_STATE_READY;
USB_DevDisconnect (hpcd->Instance);
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* @brief DeInitializes the PCD peripheral
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_DeInit(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
/* Check the PCD handle allocation */
if(hpcd == NULL)
{
return HAL_ERROR;
}
hpcd->State = HAL_PCD_STATE_BUSY;
/* Stop Device */
HAL_PCD_Stop(hpcd);
/* DeInit the low level hardware */
HAL_PCD_MspDeInit(hpcd);
hpcd->State = HAL_PCD_STATE_RESET;
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* @brief Initializes the PCD MSP.
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval None
*/
__weak void HAL_PCD_MspInit(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(hpcd);
/* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
the HAL_PCD_MspInit could be implemented in the user file
*/
}
/**
* @brief DeInitializes PCD MSP.
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval None
*/
__weak void HAL_PCD_MspDeInit(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(hpcd);
/* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
the HAL_PCD_MspDeInit could be implemented in the user file
*/
}
/**
* @}
*/
/** @defgroup PCD_Exported_Functions_Group2 IO operation functions
* @brief Data transfers functions
*
@verbatim
===============================================================================
##### IO operation functions #####
===============================================================================
[..]
This subsection provides a set of functions allowing to manage the PCD data
transfers.
@endverbatim
* @{
*/
/**
* @brief Start The USB Device.
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_Start(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
__HAL_LOCK(hpcd);
HAL_PCDEx_SetConnectionState (hpcd, 1);
USB_DevConnect (hpcd->Instance);
__HAL_PCD_ENABLE(hpcd);
__HAL_UNLOCK(hpcd);
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* @brief Stop The USB Device.
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_Stop(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
__HAL_LOCK(hpcd);
__HAL_PCD_DISABLE(hpcd);
USB_StopDevice(hpcd->Instance);
USB_DevDisconnect (hpcd->Instance);
__HAL_UNLOCK(hpcd);
return HAL_OK;
}
#if defined (USB_OTG_FS)
/**
* @brief This function handles PCD interrupt request.
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval HAL status
*/
void HAL_PCD_IRQHandler(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
USB_OTG_GlobalTypeDef *USBx = hpcd->Instance;
uint32_t index = 0, ep_intr = 0, epint = 0, epnum = 0;
uint32_t fifoemptymsk = 0, temp = 0;
USB_OTG_EPTypeDef *ep = NULL;
/* ensure that we are in device mode */
if (USB_GetMode(hpcd->Instance) == USB_OTG_MODE_DEVICE)
{
/* avoid spurious interrupt */
if(__HAL_PCD_IS_INVALID_INTERRUPT(hpcd))
{
return;
}
if(__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_MMIS))
{
/* incorrect mode, acknowledge the interrupt */
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_MMIS);
}
if(__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_OEPINT))
{
epnum = 0;
/* Read in the device interrupt bits */
ep_intr = USB_ReadDevAllOutEpInterrupt(hpcd->Instance);
while ( ep_intr )
{
if (ep_intr & 0x1)
{
epint = USB_ReadDevOutEPInterrupt(hpcd->Instance, epnum);
if(( epint & USB_OTG_DOEPINT_XFRC) == USB_OTG_DOEPINT_XFRC)
{
CLEAR_OUT_EP_INTR(epnum, USB_OTG_DOEPINT_XFRC);
HAL_PCD_DataOutStageCallback(hpcd, epnum);
}
if(( epint & USB_OTG_DOEPINT_STUP) == USB_OTG_DOEPINT_STUP)
{
/* Inform the upper layer that a setup packet is available */
HAL_PCD_SetupStageCallback(hpcd);
CLEAR_OUT_EP_INTR(epnum, USB_OTG_DOEPINT_STUP);
}
if(( epint & USB_OTG_DOEPINT_OTEPDIS) == USB_OTG_DOEPINT_OTEPDIS)
{
CLEAR_OUT_EP_INTR(epnum, USB_OTG_DOEPINT_OTEPDIS);
}
}
epnum++;
ep_intr >>= 1;
}
}
if(__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_IEPINT))
{
/* Read in the device interrupt bits */
ep_intr = USB_ReadDevAllInEpInterrupt(hpcd->Instance);
epnum = 0;
while ( ep_intr )
{
if (ep_intr & 0x1) /* In ITR */
{
epint = USB_ReadDevInEPInterrupt(hpcd->Instance, epnum);
if(( epint & USB_OTG_DIEPINT_XFRC) == USB_OTG_DIEPINT_XFRC)
{
fifoemptymsk = 0x1 << epnum;
USBx_DEVICE->DIEPEMPMSK &= ~fifoemptymsk;
CLEAR_IN_EP_INTR(epnum, USB_OTG_DIEPINT_XFRC);
HAL_PCD_DataInStageCallback(hpcd, epnum);
}
if(( epint & USB_OTG_DIEPINT_TOC) == USB_OTG_DIEPINT_TOC)
{
CLEAR_IN_EP_INTR(epnum, USB_OTG_DIEPINT_TOC);
}
if(( epint & USB_OTG_DIEPINT_ITTXFE) == USB_OTG_DIEPINT_ITTXFE)
{
CLEAR_IN_EP_INTR(epnum, USB_OTG_DIEPINT_ITTXFE);
}
if(( epint & USB_OTG_DIEPINT_INEPNE) == USB_OTG_DIEPINT_INEPNE)
{
CLEAR_IN_EP_INTR(epnum, USB_OTG_DIEPINT_INEPNE);
}
if(( epint & USB_OTG_DIEPINT_EPDISD) == USB_OTG_DIEPINT_EPDISD)
{
CLEAR_IN_EP_INTR(epnum, USB_OTG_DIEPINT_EPDISD);
}
if(( epint & USB_OTG_DIEPINT_TXFE) == USB_OTG_DIEPINT_TXFE)
{
PCD_WriteEmptyTxFifo(hpcd , epnum);
}
}
epnum++;
ep_intr >>= 1;
}
}
/* Handle Resume Interrupt */
if(__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_WKUINT))
{
/* Clear the Remote Wake-up signalling */
USBx_DEVICE->DCTL &= ~USB_OTG_DCTL_RWUSIG;
HAL_PCD_ResumeCallback(hpcd);
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_WKUINT);
}
/* Handle Suspend Interrupt */
if(__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_USBSUSP))
{
if((USBx_DEVICE->DSTS & USB_OTG_DSTS_SUSPSTS) == USB_OTG_DSTS_SUSPSTS)
{
HAL_PCD_SuspendCallback(hpcd);
}
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_USBSUSP);
}
/* Handle Reset Interrupt */
if(__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_USBRST))
{
USBx_DEVICE->DCTL &= ~USB_OTG_DCTL_RWUSIG;
USB_FlushTxFifo(hpcd->Instance , 0 );
for (index = 0; index < hpcd->Init.dev_endpoints ; index++)
{
USBx_INEP(index)->DIEPINT = 0xFF;
USBx_OUTEP(index)->DOEPINT = 0xFF;
}
USBx_DEVICE->DAINT = 0xFFFFFFFF;
USBx_DEVICE->DAINTMSK |= 0x10001;
USBx_DEVICE->DOEPMSK |= (USB_OTG_DOEPMSK_STUPM | USB_OTG_DOEPMSK_XFRCM | USB_OTG_DOEPMSK_EPDM);
USBx_DEVICE->DIEPMSK |= (USB_OTG_DIEPMSK_TOM | USB_OTG_DIEPMSK_XFRCM | USB_OTG_DIEPMSK_EPDM);
/* Set Default Address to 0 */
USBx_DEVICE->DCFG &= ~USB_OTG_DCFG_DAD;
/* setup EP0 to receive SETUP packets */
USB_EP0_OutStart(hpcd->Instance, (uint8_t *)hpcd->Setup);
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_USBRST);
}
/* Handle Enumeration done Interrupt */
if(__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_ENUMDNE))
{
USB_ActivateSetup(hpcd->Instance);
hpcd->Instance->GUSBCFG &= ~USB_OTG_GUSBCFG_TRDT;
hpcd->Init.speed = USB_OTG_SPEED_FULL;
hpcd->Init.ep0_mps = USB_OTG_FS_MAX_PACKET_SIZE ;
hpcd->Instance->GUSBCFG |= (uint32_t)((USBD_FS_TRDT_VALUE << 10) & USB_OTG_GUSBCFG_TRDT);
HAL_PCD_ResetCallback(hpcd);
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_ENUMDNE);
}
/* Handle RxQLevel Interrupt */
if(__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_RXFLVL))
{
USB_MASK_INTERRUPT(hpcd->Instance, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_RXFLVL);
temp = USBx->GRXSTSP;
ep = &hpcd->OUT_ep[temp & USB_OTG_GRXSTSP_EPNUM];
if(((temp & USB_OTG_GRXSTSP_PKTSTS) >> 17) == STS_DATA_UPDT)
{
if((temp & USB_OTG_GRXSTSP_BCNT) != 0)
{
USB_ReadPacket(USBx, ep->xfer_buff, (temp & USB_OTG_GRXSTSP_BCNT) >> 4);
ep->xfer_buff += (temp & USB_OTG_GRXSTSP_BCNT) >> 4;
ep->xfer_count += (temp & USB_OTG_GRXSTSP_BCNT) >> 4;
}
}
else if (((temp & USB_OTG_GRXSTSP_PKTSTS) >> 17) == STS_SETUP_UPDT)
{
USB_ReadPacket(USBx, (uint8_t *)hpcd->Setup, 8);
ep->xfer_count += (temp & USB_OTG_GRXSTSP_BCNT) >> 4;
}
USB_UNMASK_INTERRUPT(hpcd->Instance, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_RXFLVL);
}
/* Handle SOF Interrupt */
if(__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_SOF))
{
HAL_PCD_SOFCallback(hpcd);
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_SOF);
}
/* Handle Incomplete ISO IN Interrupt */
if(__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_IISOIXFR))
{
HAL_PCD_ISOINIncompleteCallback(hpcd, epnum);
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_IISOIXFR);
}
/* Handle Incomplete ISO OUT Interrupt */
if(__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_PXFR_INCOMPISOOUT))
{
HAL_PCD_ISOOUTIncompleteCallback(hpcd, epnum);
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_PXFR_INCOMPISOOUT);
}
/* Handle Connection event Interrupt */
if(__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_SRQINT))
{
HAL_PCD_ConnectCallback(hpcd);
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_SRQINT);
}
/* Handle Disconnection event Interrupt */
if(__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG(hpcd, USB_OTG_GINTSTS_OTGINT))
{
temp = hpcd->Instance->GOTGINT;
if((temp & USB_OTG_GOTGINT_SEDET) == USB_OTG_GOTGINT_SEDET)
{
HAL_PCD_DisconnectCallback(hpcd);
}
hpcd->Instance->GOTGINT |= temp;
}
}
}
#endif /* USB_OTG_FS */
#if defined (USB)
/**
* @brief This function handles PCD interrupt request.
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval HAL status
*/
void HAL_PCD_IRQHandler(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
uint32_t wInterrupt_Mask = 0;
if (__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG (hpcd, USB_ISTR_CTR))
{
/* servicing of the endpoint correct transfer interrupt */
/* clear of the CTR flag into the sub */
PCD_EP_ISR_Handler(hpcd);
}
if (__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG (hpcd, USB_ISTR_RESET))
{
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_ISTR_RESET);
HAL_PCD_ResetCallback(hpcd);
HAL_PCD_SetAddress(hpcd, 0);
}
if (__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG (hpcd, USB_ISTR_PMAOVR))
{
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_ISTR_PMAOVR);
}
if (__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG (hpcd, USB_ISTR_ERR))
{
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_ISTR_ERR);
}
if (__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG (hpcd, USB_ISTR_WKUP))
{
hpcd->Instance->CNTR &= ~(USB_CNTR_LP_MODE);
/*set wInterrupt_Mask global variable*/
wInterrupt_Mask = USB_CNTR_CTRM | USB_CNTR_WKUPM | USB_CNTR_SUSPM | USB_CNTR_ERRM \
| USB_CNTR_ESOFM | USB_CNTR_RESETM;
/*Set interrupt mask*/
hpcd->Instance->CNTR = wInterrupt_Mask;
HAL_PCD_ResumeCallback(hpcd);
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_ISTR_WKUP);
}
if (__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG (hpcd, USB_ISTR_SUSP))
{
/* clear of the ISTR bit must be done after setting of CNTR_FSUSP */
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_ISTR_SUSP);
/* Force low-power mode in the macrocell */
hpcd->Instance->CNTR |= USB_CNTR_FSUSP;
hpcd->Instance->CNTR |= USB_CNTR_LP_MODE;
if (__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG (hpcd, USB_ISTR_WKUP) == 0)
{
HAL_PCD_SuspendCallback(hpcd);
}
}
if (__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG (hpcd, USB_ISTR_SOF))
{
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_ISTR_SOF);
HAL_PCD_SOFCallback(hpcd);
}
if (__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG (hpcd, USB_ISTR_ESOF))
{
/* clear ESOF flag in ISTR */
__HAL_PCD_CLEAR_FLAG(hpcd, USB_ISTR_ESOF);
}
}
#endif /* USB */
/**
* @brief Data out stage callbacks
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @param epnum: endpoint number
* @retval None
*/
__weak void HAL_PCD_DataOutStageCallback(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint8_t epnum)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(hpcd);
UNUSED(epnum);
/* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
the HAL_PCD_DataOutStageCallback could be implemented in the user file
*/
}
/**
* @brief Data IN stage callbacks
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @param epnum: endpoint number
* @retval None
*/
__weak void HAL_PCD_DataInStageCallback(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint8_t epnum)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(hpcd);
UNUSED(epnum);
/* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
the HAL_PCD_DataInStageCallback could be implemented in the user file
*/
}
/**
* @brief Setup stage callback
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval None
*/
__weak void HAL_PCD_SetupStageCallback(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(hpcd);
/* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
the HAL_PCD_SetupStageCallback could be implemented in the user file
*/
}
/**
* @brief USB Start Of Frame callbacks
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval None
*/
__weak void HAL_PCD_SOFCallback(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(hpcd);
/* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
the HAL_PCD_SOFCallback could be implemented in the user file
*/
}
/**
* @brief USB Reset callbacks
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval None
*/
__weak void HAL_PCD_ResetCallback(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(hpcd);
/* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
the HAL_PCD_ResetCallback could be implemented in the user file
*/
}
/**
* @brief Suspend event callbacks
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval None
*/
__weak void HAL_PCD_SuspendCallback(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(hpcd);
/* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
the HAL_PCD_SuspendCallback could be implemented in the user file
*/
}
/**
* @brief Resume event callbacks
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval None
*/
__weak void HAL_PCD_ResumeCallback(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(hpcd);
/* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
the HAL_PCD_ResumeCallback could be implemented in the user file
*/
}
/**
* @brief Incomplete ISO OUT callbacks
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @param epnum: endpoint number
* @retval None
*/
__weak void HAL_PCD_ISOOUTIncompleteCallback(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint8_t epnum)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(hpcd);
UNUSED(epnum);
/* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
the HAL_PCD_ISOOUTIncompleteCallback could be implemented in the user file
*/
}
/**
* @brief Incomplete ISO IN callbacks
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @param epnum: endpoint number
* @retval None
*/
__weak void HAL_PCD_ISOINIncompleteCallback(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint8_t epnum)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(hpcd);
UNUSED(epnum);
/* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
the HAL_PCD_ISOINIncompleteCallback could be implemented in the user file
*/
}
/**
* @brief Connection event callbacks
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval None
*/
__weak void HAL_PCD_ConnectCallback(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(hpcd);
/* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
the HAL_PCD_ConnectCallback could be implemented in the user file
*/
}
/**
* @brief Disconnection event callbacks
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval None
*/
__weak void HAL_PCD_DisconnectCallback(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(hpcd);
/* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
the HAL_PCD_DisconnectCallback could be implemented in the user file
*/
}
/**
* @}
*/
/** @defgroup PCD_Exported_Functions_Group3 Peripheral Control functions
* @brief management functions
*
@verbatim
===============================================================================
##### Peripheral Control functions #####
===============================================================================
[..]
This subsection provides a set of functions allowing to control the PCD data
transfers.
@endverbatim
* @{
*/
/**
* @brief Connect the USB device
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_DevConnect(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
__HAL_LOCK(hpcd);
HAL_PCDEx_SetConnectionState (hpcd, 1);
USB_DevConnect(hpcd->Instance);
__HAL_UNLOCK(hpcd);
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* @brief Disconnect the USB device
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_DevDisconnect(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
__HAL_LOCK(hpcd);
HAL_PCDEx_SetConnectionState (hpcd, 0);
USB_DevDisconnect(hpcd->Instance);
__HAL_UNLOCK(hpcd);
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* @brief Set the USB Device address
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @param address: new device address
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_SetAddress(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint8_t address)
{
__HAL_LOCK(hpcd);
hpcd->USB_Address = address;
USB_SetDevAddress(hpcd->Instance, address);
__HAL_UNLOCK(hpcd);
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* @brief Open and configure an endpoint
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @param ep_addr: endpoint address
* @param ep_mps: endpoint max packet size
* @param ep_type: endpoint type
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_EP_Open(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint8_t ep_addr, uint16_t ep_mps, uint8_t ep_type)
{
HAL_StatusTypeDef ret = HAL_OK;
PCD_EPTypeDef *ep = NULL;
if ((ep_addr & 0x80) == 0x80)
{
ep = &hpcd->IN_ep[ep_addr & 0x7F];
}
else
{
ep = &hpcd->OUT_ep[ep_addr & 0x7F];
}
ep->num = ep_addr & 0x7F;
ep->is_in = (0x80 & ep_addr) != 0;
ep->maxpacket = ep_mps;
ep->type = ep_type;
__HAL_LOCK(hpcd);
USB_ActivateEndpoint(hpcd->Instance , ep);
__HAL_UNLOCK(hpcd);
return ret;
}
/**
* @brief Deactivate an endpoint
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @param ep_addr: endpoint address
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_EP_Close(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint8_t ep_addr)
{
PCD_EPTypeDef *ep = NULL;
if ((ep_addr & 0x80) == 0x80)
{
ep = &hpcd->IN_ep[ep_addr & 0x7F];
}
else
{
ep = &hpcd->OUT_ep[ep_addr & 0x7F];
}
ep->num = ep_addr & 0x7F;
ep->is_in = (0x80 & ep_addr) != 0;
__HAL_LOCK(hpcd);
USB_DeactivateEndpoint(hpcd->Instance , ep);
__HAL_UNLOCK(hpcd);
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* @brief Receive an amount of data
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @param ep_addr: endpoint address
* @param pBuf: pointer to the reception buffer
* @param len: amount of data to be received
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_EP_Receive(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint8_t ep_addr, uint8_t *pBuf, uint32_t len)
{
PCD_EPTypeDef *ep = NULL;
ep = &hpcd->OUT_ep[ep_addr & 0x7F];
/*setup and start the Xfer */
ep->xfer_buff = pBuf;
ep->xfer_len = len;
ep->xfer_count = 0;
ep->is_in = 0;
ep->num = ep_addr & 0x7F;
__HAL_LOCK(hpcd);
if ((ep_addr & 0x7F) == 0 )
{
USB_EP0StartXfer(hpcd->Instance , ep);
}
else
{
USB_EPStartXfer(hpcd->Instance , ep);
}
__HAL_UNLOCK(hpcd);
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* @brief Get Received Data Size
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @param ep_addr: endpoint address
* @retval Data Size
*/
uint16_t HAL_PCD_EP_GetRxCount(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint8_t ep_addr)
{
return hpcd->OUT_ep[ep_addr & 0x7F].xfer_count;
}
/**
* @brief Send an amount of data
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @param ep_addr: endpoint address
* @param pBuf: pointer to the transmission buffer
* @param len: amount of data to be sent
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_EP_Transmit(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint8_t ep_addr, uint8_t *pBuf, uint32_t len)
{
PCD_EPTypeDef *ep = NULL;
ep = &hpcd->IN_ep[ep_addr & 0x7F];
/*setup and start the Xfer */
ep->xfer_buff = pBuf;
ep->xfer_len = len;
ep->xfer_count = 0;
ep->is_in = 1;
ep->num = ep_addr & 0x7F;
__HAL_LOCK(hpcd);
if ((ep_addr & 0x7F) == 0 )
{
USB_EP0StartXfer(hpcd->Instance , ep);
}
else
{
USB_EPStartXfer(hpcd->Instance , ep);
}
__HAL_UNLOCK(hpcd);
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* @brief Set a STALL condition over an endpoint
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @param ep_addr: endpoint address
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_EP_SetStall(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint8_t ep_addr)
{
PCD_EPTypeDef *ep = NULL;
if ((0x80 & ep_addr) == 0x80)
{
ep = &hpcd->IN_ep[ep_addr & 0x7F];
}
else
{
ep = &hpcd->OUT_ep[ep_addr];
}
ep->is_stall = 1;
ep->num = ep_addr & 0x7F;
ep->is_in = ((ep_addr & 0x80) == 0x80);
__HAL_LOCK(hpcd);
USB_EPSetStall(hpcd->Instance , ep);
if((ep_addr & 0x7F) == 0)
{
USB_EP0_OutStart(hpcd->Instance, (uint8_t *)hpcd->Setup);
}
__HAL_UNLOCK(hpcd);
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* @brief Clear a STALL condition over in an endpoint
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @param ep_addr: endpoint address
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_EP_ClrStall(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint8_t ep_addr)
{
PCD_EPTypeDef *ep = NULL;
if ((0x80 & ep_addr) == 0x80)
{
ep = &hpcd->IN_ep[ep_addr & 0x7F];
}
else
{
ep = &hpcd->OUT_ep[ep_addr];
}
ep->is_stall = 0;
ep->num = ep_addr & 0x7F;
ep->is_in = ((ep_addr & 0x80) == 0x80);
__HAL_LOCK(hpcd);
USB_EPClearStall(hpcd->Instance , ep);
__HAL_UNLOCK(hpcd);
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* @brief Flush an endpoint
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @param ep_addr: endpoint address
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_EP_Flush(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint8_t ep_addr)
{
__HAL_LOCK(hpcd);
if ((ep_addr & 0x80) == 0x80)
{
USB_FlushTxFifo(hpcd->Instance, ep_addr & 0x7F);
}
else
{
USB_FlushRxFifo(hpcd->Instance);
}
__HAL_UNLOCK(hpcd);
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* @brief HAL_PCD_ActivateRemoteWakeup : active remote wakeup signalling
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_ActivateRemoteWakeup(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
return(USB_ActivateRemoteWakeup(hpcd->Instance));
}
/**
* @brief HAL_PCD_DeActivateRemoteWakeup : de-active remote wakeup signalling
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval HAL status
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_PCD_DeActivateRemoteWakeup(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
return(USB_DeActivateRemoteWakeup(hpcd->Instance));
}
/**
* @}
*/
/** @defgroup PCD_Exported_Functions_Group4 Peripheral State functions
* @brief Peripheral State functions
*
@verbatim
===============================================================================
##### Peripheral State functions #####
===============================================================================
[..]
This subsection permits to get in run-time the status of the peripheral
and the data flow.
@endverbatim
* @{
*/
/**
* @brief Return the PCD state
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval HAL state
*/
PCD_StateTypeDef HAL_PCD_GetState(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
return hpcd->State;
}
/**
* @}
*/
/**
* @}
*/
/** @addtogroup PCD_Private_Functions
* @{
*/
#if defined (USB_OTG_FS)
/**
* @brief DCD_WriteEmptyTxFifo
* check FIFO for the next packet to be loaded
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @param epnum : endpoint number
* This parameter can be a value from 0 to 15
* @retval HAL status
*/
static HAL_StatusTypeDef PCD_WriteEmptyTxFifo(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint32_t epnum)
{
USB_OTG_GlobalTypeDef *USBx = hpcd->Instance;
USB_OTG_EPTypeDef *ep = NULL;
int32_t len = 0;
uint32_t len32b = 0;
uint32_t fifoemptymsk = 0;
ep = &hpcd->IN_ep[epnum];
len = ep->xfer_len - ep->xfer_count;
if (len > ep->maxpacket)
{
len = ep->maxpacket;
}
len32b = (len + 3) / 4;
while ((USBx_INEP(epnum)->DTXFSTS & USB_OTG_DTXFSTS_INEPTFSAV) > len32b &&
ep->xfer_count < ep->xfer_len &&
ep->xfer_len != 0)
{
/* Write the FIFO */
len = ep->xfer_len - ep->xfer_count;
if (len > ep->maxpacket)
{
len = ep->maxpacket;
}
len32b = (len + 3) / 4;
USB_WritePacket(USBx, ep->xfer_buff, epnum, len);
ep->xfer_buff += len;
ep->xfer_count += len;
}
if(len <= 0)
{
fifoemptymsk = 0x1 << epnum;
USBx_DEVICE->DIEPEMPMSK &= ~fifoemptymsk;
}
return HAL_OK;
}
#endif /* USB_OTG_FS */
#if defined (USB)
/**
* @brief This function handles PCD Endpoint interrupt request.
* @param hpcd: PCD handle
* @retval HAL status
*/
static HAL_StatusTypeDef PCD_EP_ISR_Handler(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
PCD_EPTypeDef *ep = NULL;
uint16_t count = 0;
uint8_t epindex = 0;
__IO uint16_t wIstr = 0;
__IO uint16_t wEPVal = 0;
/* stay in loop while pending interrupts */
while (((wIstr = hpcd->Instance->ISTR) & USB_ISTR_CTR) != 0)
{
/* extract highest priority endpoint number */
epindex = (uint8_t)(wIstr & USB_ISTR_EP_ID);
if (epindex == 0)
{
/* Decode and service control endpoint interrupt */
/* DIR bit = origin of the interrupt */
if ((wIstr & USB_ISTR_DIR) == 0)
{
/* DIR = 0 */
/* DIR = 0 => IN int */
/* DIR = 0 implies that (EP_CTR_TX = 1) always */
PCD_CLEAR_TX_EP_CTR(hpcd->Instance, PCD_ENDP0);
ep = &hpcd->IN_ep[0];
ep->xfer_count = PCD_GET_EP_TX_CNT(hpcd->Instance, ep->num);
ep->xfer_buff += ep->xfer_count;
/* TX COMPLETE */
HAL_PCD_DataInStageCallback(hpcd, 0);
if((hpcd->USB_Address > 0)&& ( ep->xfer_len == 0))
{
hpcd->Instance->DADDR = (hpcd->USB_Address | USB_DADDR_EF);
hpcd->USB_Address = 0;
}
}
else
{
/* DIR = 1 */
/* DIR = 1 & CTR_RX => SETUP or OUT int */
/* DIR = 1 & (CTR_TX | CTR_RX) => 2 int pending */
ep = &hpcd->OUT_ep[0];
wEPVal = PCD_GET_ENDPOINT(hpcd->Instance, PCD_ENDP0);
if ((wEPVal & USB_EP_SETUP) != 0)
{
/* Get SETUP Packet*/
ep->xfer_count = PCD_GET_EP_RX_CNT(hpcd->Instance, ep->num);
USB_ReadPMA(hpcd->Instance, (uint8_t*)hpcd->Setup ,ep->pmaadress , ep->xfer_count);
/* SETUP bit kept frozen while CTR_RX = 1*/
PCD_CLEAR_RX_EP_CTR(hpcd->Instance, PCD_ENDP0);
/* Process SETUP Packet*/
HAL_PCD_SetupStageCallback(hpcd);
}
else if ((wEPVal & USB_EP_CTR_RX) != 0)
{
PCD_CLEAR_RX_EP_CTR(hpcd->Instance, PCD_ENDP0);
/* Get Control Data OUT Packet*/
ep->xfer_count = PCD_GET_EP_RX_CNT(hpcd->Instance, ep->num);
if (ep->xfer_count != 0)
{
USB_ReadPMA(hpcd->Instance, ep->xfer_buff, ep->pmaadress, ep->xfer_count);
ep->xfer_buff+=ep->xfer_count;
}
/* Process Control Data OUT Packet*/
HAL_PCD_DataOutStageCallback(hpcd, 0);
PCD_SET_EP_RX_CNT(hpcd->Instance, PCD_ENDP0, ep->maxpacket);
PCD_SET_EP_RX_STATUS(hpcd->Instance, PCD_ENDP0, USB_EP_RX_VALID);
}
}
}
else
{
/* Decode and service non control endpoints interrupt */
/* process related endpoint register */
wEPVal = PCD_GET_ENDPOINT(hpcd->Instance, epindex);
if ((wEPVal & USB_EP_CTR_RX) != 0)
{
/* clear int flag */
PCD_CLEAR_RX_EP_CTR(hpcd->Instance, epindex);
ep = &hpcd->OUT_ep[epindex];
/* OUT double Buffering*/
if (ep->doublebuffer == 0)
{
count = PCD_GET_EP_RX_CNT(hpcd->Instance, ep->num);
if (count != 0)
{
USB_ReadPMA(hpcd->Instance, ep->xfer_buff, ep->pmaadress, count);
}
}
else
{
if (PCD_GET_ENDPOINT(hpcd->Instance, ep->num) & USB_EP_DTOG_RX)
{
/*read from endpoint BUF0Addr buffer*/
count = PCD_GET_EP_DBUF0_CNT(hpcd->Instance, ep->num);
if (count != 0)
{
USB_ReadPMA(hpcd->Instance, ep->xfer_buff, ep->pmaaddr0, count);
}
}
else
{
/*read from endpoint BUF1Addr buffer*/
count = PCD_GET_EP_DBUF1_CNT(hpcd->Instance, ep->num);
if (count != 0)
{
USB_ReadPMA(hpcd->Instance, ep->xfer_buff, ep->pmaaddr1, count);
}
}
PCD_FreeUserBuffer(hpcd->Instance, ep->num, PCD_EP_DBUF_OUT);
}
/*multi-packet on the NON control OUT endpoint*/
ep->xfer_count+=count;
ep->xfer_buff+=count;
if ((ep->xfer_len == 0) || (count < ep->maxpacket))
{
/* RX COMPLETE */
HAL_PCD_DataOutStageCallback(hpcd, ep->num);
}
else
{
HAL_PCD_EP_Receive(hpcd, ep->num, ep->xfer_buff, ep->xfer_len);
}
} /* if((wEPVal & EP_CTR_RX) */
if ((wEPVal & USB_EP_CTR_TX) != 0)
{
ep = &hpcd->IN_ep[epindex];
/* clear int flag */
PCD_CLEAR_TX_EP_CTR(hpcd->Instance, epindex);
/* IN double Buffering*/
if (ep->doublebuffer == 0)
{
ep->xfer_count = PCD_GET_EP_TX_CNT(hpcd->Instance, ep->num);
if (ep->xfer_count != 0)
{
USB_WritePMA(hpcd->Instance, ep->xfer_buff, ep->pmaadress, ep->xfer_count);
}
}
else
{
if (PCD_GET_ENDPOINT(hpcd->Instance, ep->num) & USB_EP_DTOG_TX)
{
/*read from endpoint BUF0Addr buffer*/
ep->xfer_count = PCD_GET_EP_DBUF0_CNT(hpcd->Instance, ep->num);
if (ep->xfer_count != 0)
{
USB_WritePMA(hpcd->Instance, ep->xfer_buff, ep->pmaaddr0, ep->xfer_count);
}
}
else
{
/*read from endpoint BUF1Addr buffer*/
ep->xfer_count = PCD_GET_EP_DBUF1_CNT(hpcd->Instance, ep->num);
if (ep->xfer_count != 0)
{
USB_WritePMA(hpcd->Instance, ep->xfer_buff, ep->pmaaddr1, ep->xfer_count);
}
}
PCD_FreeUserBuffer(hpcd->Instance, ep->num, PCD_EP_DBUF_IN);
}
/*multi-packet on the NON control IN endpoint*/
ep->xfer_count = PCD_GET_EP_TX_CNT(hpcd->Instance, ep->num);
ep->xfer_buff+=ep->xfer_count;
/* Zero Length Packet? */
if (ep->xfer_len == 0)
{
/* TX COMPLETE */
HAL_PCD_DataInStageCallback(hpcd, ep->num);
}
else
{
HAL_PCD_EP_Transmit(hpcd, ep->num, ep->xfer_buff, ep->xfer_len);
}
}
}
}
return HAL_OK;
}
#endif /* USB */
/**
* @}
*/
/**
* @}
*/
#endif /* STM32F102x6 || STM32F102xB || */
/* STM32F103x6 || STM32F103xB || */
/* STM32F103xE || STM32F103xG || */
/* STM32F105xC || STM32F107xC */
#endif /* HAL_PCD_MODULE_ENABLED */
/**
* @}
*/
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
``` |
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