input: Source: Deloitte own elaboration based on SEIS (May-June 2024) UNHCR (2024) survey.


input: Source: Deloitte own elaboration based on Polish Border Guard Headquarters and PESEL data.

organization:
Deloitte
Polish Border Guard Headquarters


input: Source: Deloitte own elaboration based on ZUS data and GUS population data as of mid-2024.


input: Multi-Sector Needs Assessment (MSNA) survey, conducted in July and August 2024, provides data on refugee vulnerabilities in Poland.


input: UNHCR data portal provides refugee statistics. The Labour Force Survey (LFS) from Eurostat is used for employment data.


input:
The data for this paper come from the European Social Survey (ESS) for the survey years 2002,

observations per country/year. The ESS covers 36 countries, 24 of which are included in our

Card et al (2012) investigates the drivers of attitudes towards immigrants in Europe using,

among others, the following variables of the ESS:


input:
(henceforth CRU), provided by the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East

and satellite-based observations. The data enable us to characterize historical climate

<!-- PAGE 6 -->
**2.1 Assignment of reliability weights to the eight GCMs, based on their**
**historical "goodness of fit" to the CRU data**


input:
The firm-level financial data for 1997 are primarily from the Worldscope database. The World

in Australia and Canada, respectively. Using industry data from Mexico, Blomstrom and Persson

Commission on an annual basis. We use [group-affiliation data from the 1994-1997 lists of business]

by the level of growth of a sector or a country. Indeed, using firm level data, Haddad and Harrison


input: Figure 4: Refugees and Asylum-Seekers by Migratory Path 1951 – 2015 Source: UNHCR Statistical Online Population Database, UNHCR Global Trends 2015 Usage context: background mention, supporting mention, primary mention.

named_data: UNHCR Statistical Online Population Database

head: UNHCR Statistical Online Population Database


input:
|Figure 6a Share of population working primarily
in agriculture (%) in mining communes|Figure 6b Share of population working primarily
in extractives (%) in mining communes|
|---|---|
|||
|_Source:_ RGPH (General Population and Housing Census) 1998 and 2009.|_Source:_ RGPH (General Population and Housing Census) 1998 and 2009.|


input: National Poverty line 32% 84% Food security High food insecurity 26% 67% Food insecurity scale 4.0 8.1 Social cohesion Economic competition 33% 49% Increased insecurity 37% 39% Source: Pape et al. (2018) and World Bank Staff based on SESRE 2023.


input: We use two main data sources for our estimation of a poverty line for Brazil: the 2017/18 Household Budget Survey (Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familares; POF) and the Brazilian Table of Food Composition (Tabela Brasileira de Composição de Alimentos; TBCA). POF is a nationally representative semiregular survey on income and expenditures in Brazil, conducted every six to nine years.

named_data:
Household Budget Survey
Brazilian Table of Food Composition


input:
effects is Calahorrano (2011). Using panel data for Germany between 1999 and 2008, she finds   that immigration concerns decrease over the life-cycle.

similar to Calahorrano (2011). However, given the lack of comparable panel data surveys for a   large group of countries, we use pooled cross-sections from the European Social Survey (ESS)


input:
To mitigate issues arising from the time interval between the 2007 Population Census and EMDHS 2014, only

EMDHS at regional level. The table shows that measured undernutrition rates in EMDHS and the estimated rates

regression of z-scores is estimated in the EMDHS with addition of the SAE estimates. The regression includes the


input:
6 However, this may reflect differences in rainfall or farming intensity.
7 We use two poverty maps based on the General Population and Housing Censuses of 1998 and 2009. The poverty
map for 1998 was developed by GREAT (Applied and Theoretical Economics Research Group) and combines the
1998 census and the household survey ELIM (Integrated Light Household Survey) of 2006.

named_data:
General Population and Housing Censuses
ELIM


input: Figure 4: Refugees and Asylum-Seekers by Migratory Path 1951 – 2015 Source: UNHCR Statistical Online Population Database, UNHCR Global Trends 2015

named_data: UNHCR Statistical Online Population Database

head: UNHCR Statistical Online Population Database


input:
_Source: Authors' calculation based on Dantlait survey data._

_Source: Dantlait survey_

in 2009 and 2010 for the Livestock Climate and Society (ECliS) project (final report and


input: Figure 4: Refugees and Asylum-Seekers by Migratory Path 1951 – 2015 Source: UNHCR Statistical Online Population Database, UNHCR Global Trends 2015 Usage context: supporting mention, primary mention, background mention.

named_data: UNHCR Statistical Online Population Database

head: UNHCR Statistical Online Population Database


input:
evidence is consistent with studies that used cross-section surveys, panel data and cross-country

Some of the work with panel data has also gone further in an effort to establish a causality link

Oswald (2007) use information on lottery winnings in the British Household Panel Survey


input:
3 As of December 2023, according to UNHCR, based on governmental sources [Situation Ukraine Refugee Situation (unhcr.org)](https://data.unhcr.org/en/situations/ukraine) 4 According to the active PESEL UKR database.
5 According to the active PESEL UKR database in October 2023.
6 Deloitte calculations based on Multi-Sector Needs Assessment Poland 2023 survey data provided by UNHCR.

06

named_data: Multi-Sector Needs Assessment Poland 2023

head: Multi-Sector Needs Assessment Poland 2023

head: Multi-Sector Needs Assessment Poland 2023

head: Multi-Sector Needs Assessment Poland 2023


input:
1000 500 0 65+ 55-64 45-54 35-44 25-34 18-24 <18 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

**Source:** Deloitte own elaboration based on the PESEL database as of October 2023

**Chart 5.** Composition of refugee households in Poland

60% 50% Total entries-exits of the Polish-Ukrainian border Pesel data

**Source:** Deloitte own elaboration based on Polish Border Guard Headquarter and PESEL data.