valid/metadata.csv

file_name,text
550.jpg,"The M203 is a single-shot 40 mm under-barrel grenade launcher designed to attach to a rifle. It uses the same rounds as the older stand-alone M79 break-action grenade launcher, which utilizes the High-Low Propulsion System to keep recoil forces low. Quite versatile and compatible with many rifle models, the M203 was originally designed for the U.S. M16 and its variant, the M4 carbine. The launcher can also be mounted onto a C7, a Canadian version of the M16 rifle; however, this requires the prior removal of the bottom handguard.
Stand-alone variants of the M203 exist, as do versions designed specifically for many other rifles. The device attaches under the barrel, the launcher trigger being in the rear of the launcher, just forward of the rifle magazine. The rifle magazine functions as a hand grip when firing the M203. A separate sighting system is added to rifles fitted with the M203, as the rifle's standard sights are not matched to the launcher. The version fitted to the Canadian C7 has a sight attached to the side of the launcher, either on the left or right depending on the user's needs."
551.jpg,"Khaptad Lake is a lake in Doti district of western Nepal. The lake is situated at north-eastern part of Khaptad National Park and an altitude of 3,050 m."
552.jpg,"There are many different varieties of pasta. They are usually sorted by size, being long, short, stuffed, cooked in broth, stretched or in dumpling-like form. Yet, due to the variety of shapes and regional variants, ""one man's gnocchetto can be another's strascinato"".
Some pasta varieties are uniquely regional and not widely known; many types have different names based on region or language. For example, the cut rotelle is also called ruote in Italy and wagon wheels in the United States. Manufacturers and cooks often invent new shapes of pasta, or may rename pre-existing shapes for marketing reasons.
Italian pasta names often end with the masculine plural suffixes -ini, -elli, -illi, -etti or the feminine plurals -ine, -elle etc., all conveying the sense of ""little""; or with -oni, -one, meaning ""large"". Other suffixes like -otti and -acci may also occur. In Italian, all pasta type names are plural.
Each pasta has its own unique purpose. For example, penne and fusilli can hold more sauces than spaghetti due to their hollow shapes. Additionally, the choice of pasta can be used to complement the consistency of sauces used in the cooking process."
553.jpg,"Guinness Storehouse is a tourist attraction at St. James's Gate Brewery in Dublin, Ireland. Since opening in 2000, it has received over twenty million visitors.
The Storehouse covers seven floors surrounding a glass atrium shaped in the form of a pint of Guinness. The ground floor introduces the beer's four ingredients, and the brewery's founder, Arthur Guinness. Other floors feature the history of Guinness advertising and include an interactive exhibit on responsible drinking. The seventh floor houses the Gravity Bar with views of Dublin and where visitors may drink a pint of Guinness included in the price of admission."
554.jpg,"The McEwen School of Architecture, formerly the Laurentian School of Architecture, is an architecture school belonging to Laurentian University in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. The school opened in September 2013, and was the first new school of architecture to open in Canada in 45 years. It is also the first school of its kind in Northern Ontario, and the first in Canada outside Quebec to offer courses in French.
The school adopted its current name in 2016 following a $10 million donation from former Goldcorp CEO Rob McEwen."
555.jpg,"Mischocyttarus mexicanus is a New World paper wasp that exhibits facultative eusocial behavior and includes at least two subspecies living in the southern United States and Central America. This social wasp species is a good model for studying the selective advantage of different nesting tactics within a single species. M. mexicanus females can form nests both as individuals and as members of a colony, and are even known to switch between these two nesting strategies throughout their life, which is an unusual phenomenon in the field of social biology. Individuals in a colony have particular social roles that are plastic, as opposed to rigid castes, and brood parasitism and usurpation have been observed between unrelated conspecifics. They nest in a variety of types of plants and human constructions, although they have most frequently been observed in palm trees, and they are known to interact with a number of other species as prey, competitors over resources, or foragers."
556.jpg,"While the first Christmas tree farm may have appeared as early as 1901, Christmas tree production in the United States was largely limited to what could be harvested from natural forests until the 1950s. Among the important Christmas tree producing areas in the U.S. are Wisconsin, North Carolina, Pennsylvania and the Pacific Northwest. In 2002 Christmas tree production in the United States totaled 20.8 million trees and the U.S. was one of the world's leading producers of natural Christmas trees. That same year, Pennsylvania was the top producer in the United States."
557.jpg,"Chenla or Zhenla is the Chinese designation for the successor polity of the Kingdom of Funan preceding the Khmer Empire that existed from around the late sixth to the early ninth century in Indochina. The name was still used in the 13th century by the Chinese envoy Zhou Daguan, author of The Customs of Cambodia. It appears on the Mao Kun map. However, modern historiography applies the name exclusively to the period from the late 6th to the early ninth century. It is dubious if ""Chenla"" ever existed as a unitary kingdom or if this is a misconception by Chinese chronists. Most modern historians assert that ""Chenla"" was in fact just a series of loose and temporary confederations of principalities.
Although most of the Chinese recordings on Chenla, including that of Chenla conquering Funan, have been contested since the 1970s as they are generally based on single remarks in the Chinese annals, the History of the Chinese Sui dynasty contains entries of a state called Chenla, a vassal of the Kingdom of Funan, which had sent an embassy to China in 616 or 617, yet under its ruler, Citrasena Mahendravarman, conquered Funan after Chenla had gained independence."
558.jpg,"HMS Triumph was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 3 March 1764 at Woolwich.
In 1797, she took part in the Battle of Camperdown, and in 1805 Triumph was part of Admiral Calder's fleet at the Battle of Cape Finisterre.
In 1810 Triumph and Phipps, salvaged a large load of elemental mercury from a wrecked Spanish vessel near Cadiz, Spain. The bladders containing the mercury soon ruptured, poisoning the crew with mercury vapour.
Triumph was on harbour service from 1813 but was not broken up until 1850."
559.jpg,"The Army Flying Museum, previously known as the Museum of Army Flying, is a British military aviation museum about the history of flying in the British Army. It is located beside the Army Air Corps Centre in Middle Wallop, close to Andover in Hampshire, England."
560.jpg,"The Minister of the Interior and Kingdom Relations is the head of the Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations and a member of the Cabinet of the Netherlands. The current acting Minister of the Interior and Kingdom Relations is Kajsa Ollongren of the Democrats 66 party, who has been in office since 14 April 2020."
561.jpg,The Old Town Hall in Szczecin is the present day town hall in the old town district. It was built for the municipal government in the 15th century. Today it is used as a history museum.
562.jpg,"Kuressaare is a town on Saaremaa island in Estonia. It is the administrative centre of Saaremaa Parish and the capital of Saare County. Kuressaare is the westernmost town in Estonia. The recorded population on 1 January 2018 was 13,276.
The town is situated on the southern coast of Saaremaa island, facing the Gulf of Riga of the Baltic Sea, and is served by the Kuressaare Airport, Roomassaare harbour, and Kuressaare yacht harbour."
563.jpg,Year refers to the first year introduced. A range of years is the period the bus was manufactured.
564.jpg,"The University of Northern Iowa is a public university in Cedar Falls, Iowa. UNI offers more than 90 majors across the colleges of Business Administration, Education, Humanities, Arts, and Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences and graduate college. The fall 2019 enrollment was 10,497. More than 88 percent of its students are from the state of Iowa."
565.jpg,"Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, formerly Regional Engineering College Jalandhar, is a public engineering institute located in Jalandhar, Punjab, India. It has been declared as an Institute of National Importance under the Ministry of Human Resoure Development, Govt of India. It is one of the 31 National Institutes of Technology of India. It was founded as a joint venture between the governments of Punjab and India, originally under the name Regional Engineering College, Jalandhar, Punjab, India. RECJ and now NITJ was established in 1989 by the joint venture of Govt of India and Govt of Punjab on the Land of Village Bidhipur and Village Suranussi of District Jalandhar on the Grand Trunk Road bye-pass."
566.jpg,"An insulation-displacement contact, also known as insulation-piercing contact, is an electrical connector designed to be connected to the conductor of an insulated cable by a connection process which forces a selectively sharpened blade or blades through the insulation, bypassing the need to strip the conductors of insulation before connecting. When properly made, the connector blade cold-welds to the conductor, making a theoretically reliable gas-tight connection."
567.jpg,The harp is a stringed musical instrument that has a number of individual strings running at an angle to its soundboard; the strings are plucked with the fingers.
568.jpg,"DNA cross-link repair 1B protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DCLRE1B gene.
DNA interstrand cross-links prevent strand separation, thereby physically blocking transcription, replication, and segregation of DNA. DCLRE1B is one of several evolutionarily conserved genes involved in repair of interstrand cross-links.[supplied by OMIM]"
569.jpg,"A scale model is most generally a physical representation of an object that maintains accurate relationships between all important aspects of the model, although absolute values of the original properties need not be preserved. This enables it to demonstrate some behavior or property of the original object without examining the original object itself. The most familiar scale models represent the physical appearance of an object in miniature, but there are many other kinds.
Scale models are used in many fields including engineering, architecture, film making, military command, salesmanship, and hobby model building. While each field may use a scale model for a different purpose, all scale models are based on the same principles and must meet the same general requirements to be functional. The detail requirements vary depending on the needs of the modeler.
To be a true scale model, all relevant aspects must be accurately modeled, such as material properties, so the model's interaction with the outside world is reliably related to the original object's interaction with the real world."
570.jpg,"The Springfield race riot of 1908 were events of mass racial violence committed against African Americans by a mob of about 5,000 white Americans and European immigrants in Springfield, Illinois, between August 14 and 16, 1908. Two black men had been arrested as suspects in a rape, and attempted rape and murder. The alleged victims were two young white women and the father of one of them. When a mob seeking to lynch the men discovered the sheriff had transferred them out of the city, the whites furiously spread out to attack black neighborhoods, murdered black citizens on the streets, and destroyed black businesses and homes. The state militia was called out to quell the rioting.
The riot, trials and aftermath are said to be one of the most well-documented examples of the complex intersection of race, class, and criminal justice in the United States. In 2008 an NPR report on the centenary of the race riot said that the fact of its taking place in a Northern state, specifically in ""The Land of Lincoln"", demonstrated that blacks were mistreated across the country, not just in the South, and described the event as a proxy for the story of race in America."
571.jpg,"Marginella is a genus of small tropical and temperate sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails. It is the type genus of the family.
The shells of species in this genus are rounded, smooth and glossy, with a large aperture that appears to be toothed because it shows the edge of the columellar folds. In many species the shells are colorful. The glossy surface of the shell results from the fact that the mantle covers most of the shell when the animal is active. As is typical in the Neogastropoda, the animal has a long siphon. When the animal is active, the foot extends much further out than the edge of the shell.
As is also typical for the Neogastropoda, species in this genus are carnivorous and predatory."
572.jpg,"The Northern Avenue Bridge, also known as the Old Northern Avenue Bridge, is a bridge that spans Fort Point Channel Boston, Massachusetts. Built in 1908, it was closed to vehicle traffic in 1997 and operated as a pedestrian bridge until December 2014 when it was closed after inspectors found that thirteen floor beams were unsafe for pedestrians. In an October 26, 2015 letter, the Coast Guard informed the City of Boston that the bridge was a 'hazard to navigation' due to the risk of it falling into the Fort Point Channel and requested removal of most vulnerable portion. The center span of the truss also carried a single track for the Union Freight Railroad, although it was designed for two tracks. From 1912 to 1948, the bridge abutted a floating firehouse for Engine 44 of the Boston Fire Department. Following its closure as a road bridge, various redevelopment schemes have been proposed for the bridge, as well as outright demolition of the span."
573.jpg,"The Thornton Hunt Inn is a grade II listed building and working public house in Thornton Curtis, North Lincolnshire, England."
574.jpg,"The 10th Regiment, New York Volunteer Cavalry was a cavalry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War."