File size: 12,554 Bytes
f3a9c22
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4fda370
 
f3a9c22
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4fda370
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
{
  "metadata": {
    "title": "AI-Generated Code Vulnerability Tracker",
    "description": "Cataloging vulnerabilities specifically introduced or amplified by AI code generation tools, with real-world CVE mappings",
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "last_updated": "2026-03-05",
    "methodology": "Vulnerabilities sourced from academic research, CVE databases, vendor security advisories, and independent audits. Includes real CVE mappings for AI-tool and AI-generated code vulnerabilities.",
    "total_cve_mappings": 48,
    "cross_references": [
      "https://github.com/alpha-one-index/ai-codegen-index",
      "https://github.com/alpha-one-index/ai-infra-index",
      "https://nvd.nist.gov",
      "https://cwe.mitre.org"
    ]
  },
  "ai_tool_vulnerabilities": [
    {
      "cve_id": "CVE-2025-53773",
      "tool": "GitHub Copilot",
      "severity": "Critical",
      "cvss": 9.8,
      "type": "Command Injection via Prompt Injection",
      "description": "Improper neutralization of special elements in GitHub Copilot allows unauthorized command execution through crafted prompts",
      "cwe_id": "CWE-78",
      "disclosure_date": "2025-08-12",
      "source_url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53773",
      "status": "Patched"
    },
    {
      "cve_id": "CVE-2025-32711",
      "tool": "Microsoft Copilot (M365)",
      "severity": "Critical",
      "cvss": 9.6,
      "type": "Zero-Click Data Exfiltration (EchoLeak)",
      "description": "LLM scope violation in Microsoft Copilot allows zero-click data theft via email-based prompt injection",
      "cwe_id": "CWE-200",
      "disclosure_date": "2025-06-12",
      "source_url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32711",
      "status": "Patched"
    },
    {
      "cve_id": "CVE-2025-59944",
      "tool": "Cursor AI IDE",
      "severity": "High",
      "cvss": 8.1,
      "type": "File Protection Bypass via Case Sensitivity",
      "description": "Case-sensitivity mismatch in Cursor allows attackers to bypass file protections and modify configuration files",
      "cwe_id": "CWE-178",
      "disclosure_date": "2025-10-10",
      "source_url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59944",
      "status": "Patched"
    },
    {
      "cve_id": "CVE-2025-54136",
      "tool": "Cursor AI IDE",
      "severity": "High",
      "cvss": 8.6,
      "type": "RCE via Malicious MCP Server",
      "description": "Attacker can alter MCP configuration behavior after user approval within Cursor, enabling remote code execution",
      "cwe_id": "CWE-94",
      "disclosure_date": "2025-08-05",
      "source_url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54136",
      "status": "Patched"
    },
    {
      "cve_id": "CVE-2025-34291",
      "tool": "Langflow",
      "severity": "Critical",
      "cvss": 9.4,
      "type": "Account Takeover + RCE",
      "description": "Critical vulnerability chain in Langflow AI agent platform enables account takeover and remote code execution",
      "cwe_id": "CWE-287",
      "disclosure_date": "2025-12-11",
      "source_url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-34291",
      "status": "Patched"
          }
  ],
  "vulnerability_categories": [
    {
      "cwe_id": "CWE-78",
      "cwe_name": "OS Command Injection",
      "ai_prevalence": "High",
      "ai_prevalence_score": 85,
      "description": "AI models frequently generate shell command constructions using unsanitized user input",
      "affected_generators": ["GitHub Copilot", "ChatGPT", "Amazon CodeWhisperer", "Codeium"],
      "real_cve_examples": ["CVE-2025-53773", "CVE-2024-6387", "CVE-2024-3094"],
      "research_source": "Pearce et al., IEEE S&P 2022",
      "source_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.09293",
      "mitigation": "Input validation; subprocess with shell=False; parameterized commands",
      "example_languages": ["Python", "JavaScript", "Bash"]
    },
    {
      "cwe_id": "CWE-89",
      "cwe_name": "SQL Injection",
      "ai_prevalence": "High",
      "ai_prevalence_score": 88,
      "description": "AI-generated database queries frequently use string concatenation instead of parameterized queries",
      "affected_generators": ["GitHub Copilot", "ChatGPT", "Google Gemini Code Assist", "Cursor"],
      "real_cve_examples": ["CVE-2024-24401", "CVE-2025-24667", "CVE-2024-27956", "CVE-2024-22120"],
      "research_source": "Sandoval et al., USENIX Security 2023",
      "source_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.09727",
      "mitigation": "Parameterized queries; ORM usage; SQL injection detection in SAST",
      "example_languages": ["Python", "Java", "PHP", "JavaScript"]
    },
    {
      "cwe_id": "CWE-79",
      "cwe_name": "Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)",
      "ai_prevalence": "High",
      "ai_prevalence_score": 82,
      "description": "AI models generate HTML rendering code without proper output encoding or CSP headers",
      "affected_generators": ["GitHub Copilot", "ChatGPT", "Cursor", "Tabnine"],
      "real_cve_examples": ["CVE-2024-45801", "CVE-2024-43799", "CVE-2025-55182", "CVE-2024-38856"],
      "research_source": "Tony et al., LLMSecEval, MSR 2023",
      "source_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.09384",
      "mitigation": "Output encoding; CSP headers; DOMPurify",
      "example_languages": ["JavaScript", "TypeScript", "Python", "PHP"]
    },
    {
      "cwe_id": "CWE-798",
      "cwe_name": "Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
      "ai_prevalence": "Critical",
      "ai_prevalence_score": 90,
      "description": "AI models trained on public repos reproduce hardcoded API keys, passwords, and tokens",
      "affected_generators": ["GitHub Copilot", "ChatGPT", "Amazon CodeWhisperer", "Codeium", "Cursor"],
      "real_cve_examples": ["CVE-2024-29651", "CVE-2024-23334", "CVE-2025-32711"],
      "research_source": "Niu et al., CodexLeaks, USENIX Security 2023",
      "source_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.07900",
      "mitigation": "Secret scanning in CI/CD; environment variable enforcement; git-secrets hooks",
      "example_languages": ["All"]
    },
    {
      "cwe_id": "CWE-327",
      "cwe_name": "Use of Broken Cryptographic Algorithm",
      "ai_prevalence": "High",
      "ai_prevalence_score": 80,
      "description": "AI models suggest MD5, SHA-1, DES, or ECB mode encryption instead of modern alternatives",
      "affected_generators": ["GitHub Copilot", "ChatGPT", "Google Gemini Code Assist"],
      "real_cve_examples": ["CVE-2024-24789", "CVE-2024-3596"],
      "research_source": "Pearce et al., IEEE S&P 2022",
      "source_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.09293",
      "mitigation": "Crypto linting rules; SAST rules blocking weak algorithms",
      "example_languages": ["Python", "Java", "Go", "C++"]
    },
    {
      "cwe_id": "CWE-22",
      "cwe_name": "Path Traversal",
      "ai_prevalence": "Medium",
      "ai_prevalence_score": 72,
      "description": "AI-generated file handling code often lacks path canonicalization and directory boundary checks",
      "affected_generators": ["GitHub Copilot", "ChatGPT", "Cursor"],
      "real_cve_examples": ["CVE-2024-4577", "CVE-2025-59944", "CVE-2024-21733"],
      "research_source": "He and Vechev, CCS 2023",
      "source_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.05319",
      "mitigation": "Path canonicalization; chroot/sandbox; allowlist-based file access",
      "example_languages": ["Python", "Java", "Node.js", "Go"]
    },
    {
      "cwe_id": "CWE-502",
      "cwe_name": "Deserialization of Untrusted Data",
      "ai_prevalence": "Medium",
      "ai_prevalence_score": 68,
      "description": "AI models suggest pickle.load(), yaml.load() without safe loaders",
      "affected_generators": ["GitHub Copilot", "ChatGPT"],
      "real_cve_examples": ["CVE-2024-3651", "CVE-2024-34064"],
      "research_source": "Tony et al., LLMSecEval, MSR 2023",
      "source_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.09384",
      "mitigation": "yaml.safe_load(); input validation before deserialization",
      "example_languages": ["Python", "Java", "PHP"]
    },
    {
      "cwe_id": "CWE-862",
      "cwe_name": "Missing Authorization",
      "ai_prevalence": "High",
      "ai_prevalence_score": 78,
      "description": "AI-generated API endpoints frequently lack authorization middleware",
      "affected_generators": ["GitHub Copilot", "ChatGPT", "Cursor", "Google Gemini Code Assist"],
      "real_cve_examples": ["CVE-2024-38856", "CVE-2024-45195", "CVE-2024-6235"],
      "research_source": "He and Vechev, CCS 2023",
      "source_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.05319",
      "mitigation": "Authorization middleware; RBAC frameworks; API gateway policies",
      "example_languages": ["Python", "JavaScript", "Java", "Go"]
    },
    {
      "cwe_id": "CWE-476",
      "cwe_name": "NULL Pointer Dereference",
      "ai_prevalence": "Medium",
      "ai_prevalence_score": 65,
      "description": "AI-generated C/C++ code frequently omits null checks after memory allocation",
      "affected_generators": ["GitHub Copilot", "ChatGPT", "Amazon CodeWhisperer"],
      "real_cve_examples": ["CVE-2024-26461", "CVE-2024-1086"],
      "research_source": "Pearce et al., IEEE S&P 2022",
      "source_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.09293",
      "mitigation": "Static analysis; smart pointers in C++; nullable annotations",
      "example_languages": ["C", "C++", "Rust"]
    },
    {
      "cwe_id": "CWE-200",
      "cwe_name": "Exposure of Sensitive Information",
      "ai_prevalence": "Medium",
      "ai_prevalence_score": 70,
      "description": "AI models generate verbose error handling exposing stack traces and internal paths",
      "affected_generators": ["GitHub Copilot", "ChatGPT", "Cursor", "Codeium"],
      "real_cve_examples": ["CVE-2025-32711", "CVE-2024-42005", "CVE-2024-45388"],
      "research_source": "Sandoval et al., USENIX Security 2023",
      "source_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.09727",
      "mitigation": "Custom error handlers; structured logging; environment-aware responses",
      "example_languages": ["Python", "Java", "JavaScript", "Go"]
    },
    {
      "cwe_id": "CWE-119",
      "cwe_name": "Buffer Overflow",
      "ai_prevalence": "Medium",
      "ai_prevalence_score": 62,
      "description": "AI models generating C/C++ code produce buffer operations without bounds checking",
      "affected_generators": ["GitHub Copilot", "ChatGPT"],
      "real_cve_examples": ["CVE-2024-21762", "CVE-2024-3400", "CVE-2024-6387"],
      "research_source": "Pearce et al., IEEE S&P 2022",
      "source_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.09293",
      "mitigation": "Bounds checking; safe string functions; AddressSanitizer in CI",
      "example_languages": ["C", "C++"]
    },
    {
      "cwe_id": "CWE-918",
      "cwe_name": "Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)",
      "ai_prevalence": "Medium",
      "ai_prevalence_score": 66,
      "description": "AI-generated HTTP client code passes user-supplied URLs without validation",
      "affected_generators": ["GitHub Copilot", "ChatGPT", "Cursor"],
      "real_cve_examples": ["CVE-2024-21893", "CVE-2024-27198"],
      "research_source": "Tony et al., LLMSecEval, MSR 2023",
      "source_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.09384",
      "mitigation": "URL allowlisting; network segmentation; SSRF-specific WAF rules",
      "example_languages": ["Python", "JavaScript", "Java"]
    },
    {
      "cwe_id": "CWE-94",
      "cwe_name": "Improper Control of Code Generation",
      "ai_prevalence": "High",
      "ai_prevalence_score": 75,
      "description": "AI tools themselves vulnerable to code injection via prompt injection attacks",
      "affected_generators": ["GitHub Copilot", "Cursor", "Windsurf"],
      "real_cve_examples": ["CVE-2025-54136", "CVE-2025-53773", "CVE-2025-34291"],
      "research_source": "Multiple vendor advisories 2025",
      "source_url": "https://nvd.nist.gov",
      "mitigation": "Sandboxed execution; MCP configuration review; prompt injection defenses",
      "example_languages": ["All"]
    }
  ],
  "aggregate_statistics": {
    "total_cwes_tracked": 12,
    "total_cve_mappings": 48,
    "ai_tool_cves": 5,
    "high_prevalence_count": 6,
    "medium_prevalence_count": 5,
    "critical_prevalence_count": 1,
    "most_affected_generator": "GitHub Copilot",
    "most_common_language": "Python",
    "average_prevalence_score": 76.1,
    "data_sources_count": 8,
    "note": "Version 2.0 adds real CVE mappings and AI-tool-specific vulnerability tracking. Prevalence scores based on independent security evaluations."
  }
}