# Python Skills

## Python Basics

### Variables
```python
name = "Python"
age = 25
is_active = True
```

### Data Types
- **int** - Integer: `42`
- **float** - Decimal: `3.14`
- **str** - String: `"Hello"`
- **bool** - Boolean: `True/False`
- **list** - List: `[1, 2, 3]`
- **dict** - Dictionary: `{"key": "value"}`

### Functions
```python
def greet(name: str) -> str:
    """Return a greeting message."""
    return f"Hello, {name}!"

# Lambda function
square = lambda x: x ** 2
```

### Control Flow
```python
if condition:
    do_something()
elif other_condition:
    do_other()
else:
    do_default()
```

### Loops
```python
# For loop
for item in items:
    print(item)

# While loop
while condition:
    do_something()
```

## Advanced Topics

### Decorators
```python
def my_decorator(func):
    def wrapper():
        print("Before")
        func()
        print("After")
    return wrapper

@my_decorator
def say_hello():
    print("Hello!")
```

### Classes
```python
class Person:
    def __init__(self, name: str, age: int):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
    
    def __str__(self) -> str:
        return f"{self.name}, {self.age} years old"
```

### Exception Handling
```python
try:
    result = risky_operation()
except ValueError as e:
    print(f"Error: {e}")
finally:
    cleanup()
```

### List Comprehensions
```python
squares = [x**2 for x in range(10)]
evens = [x for x in range(20) if x % 2 == 0]
```

### Context Managers
```python
with open('file.txt', 'r') as f:
    content = f.read()
```

### Async/Await (asyncio)
```python
import asyncio

async def fetch_data():
    await asyncio.sleep(1)
    return "data"
```