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<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--
  Vendored + adapted into posterly from ARIS (Auto-claude-code-research-in-sleep),
  skill paper-poster-html. Origin: https://github.com/wanshuiyin/Auto-claude-code-research-in-sleep
  Upstream tokenization: MIT (c) 2026 wanshuiyin -- ../LICENSES/aris-MIT.txt
  This is the tokenized form of posterly's own neutral template; the class names and
  content are posterly's own (c) 2026 Ruishuo Chen. As an adapted derivative this file
  ships as part of posterly under AGPL-3.0. See ../NOTICE.md.
-->
<!--
  ============================================================
  TEMPLATE: landscape_4col  (ARIS fork)
  CANVAS:   60in × 36in landscape (ICML / NeurIPS / generic landscape)
  LAYOUT:   header → optional banner → 4 body columns → optional takeaways → footer
  USE WHEN: standard ML conference poster with 3-5 content cards per column,
            mix of figures + equations + small tables.
  HOW TO USE:
    1. Copy this file to your working directory as `poster.html`.
    2. Edit the DESIGN TOKENS in `:root` to your lab/venue colors.
    3. Replace TODO content placeholders (search for "TODO").
    4. Run `python tools/run_gates.py poster.html` (the default driver: preflight -> style -> measure -> polish) to align columns and check style/structure.
    5. Run `python tools/render_preview.py poster.html` to produce the PDF.
  NOTE: as shipped, this scaffold passes `preflight` (structure) but is
    EXPECTED to FAIL `measure`/`polish` -- figures are commented out and copy
    is TODO stubs, so columns only fill the top of the canvas. Those two gates
    judge a FILLED poster; balance them once you've added real content. See
    templates/README.md ("Scaffolds, not finished posters").
  MEASURE ROLES: every layout-critical element carries `data-measure-role`.
  Generic measurement scripts depend on these — do not remove.

  CANVAS RETARGETING: to print at another size, change the canvas in exactly
    TWO places that must stay in sync -- the `@page { size: ... }` rule and the
    `.poster { width/height }` (also the `@media print .poster { width/height }`).
    Example: ICLR 2026 main conference uses 185cm 90cm landscape (official print
    service spec) -- set @page to `185cm 90cm`, width to `1850 * var(--u)` and
    height to `900 * var(--u)` (and the print-override .poster to `185cm`/`90cm`).

  Adapted from posterly (MIT, © 2026 Ruishuo Chen) — see LICENSES/ & NOTICE.md;
  ARIS modifications: flat de-gradient, --fs token scale, zero-inline-style
  utilities, data-source/data-color-exempt contracts.
  ============================================================
-->
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Repro — Beyond Confidence: Adaptive and Coherent Decoding for DLMs</title>

<!-- No MathJax: every expression on this poster (k <= V/(d+1), |I^c_t|, etc.)
     is set as plain HTML in .eq spans, so the typesetter would only add a
     2 MB dependency and make the dollar signs in the cost table parse as
     math delimiters. -->


<style>
  /* =========================================================
     CANVAS — 60" × 36" landscape
     ========================================================= */
  @page { size: 60in 36in; margin: 0; }

  :root {
    /* ===== DESIGN TOKENS ===== */

    /* Primary accent (header underline, card-highlight bar, section nums, .keyword) */
    --accent:        #A61C2B;
    --accent-deep:   #74141E;
    --accent-light:  #F6E8EA;
    --accent-soft:   #EFD6D9;

    /* Secondary accent for "ours / best" emphasis (table .ours row, "★" callouts) */
    --gold:          #3D4A5C;
    --gold-soft:     #ECEDEF;

    /* Text */
    --text-primary:   #1A1A1A;
    --text-secondary: #555555;
    --text-muted:     #888888;

    /* Backgrounds */
    --bg-page:        #F6F2F0;
    --bg-card:        #FFFFFF;
    --bg-card-tint:   #FAFAFB;
    --bg-emphasis:    var(--accent-light);

    /* Borders */
    --border-soft:    #D8D8D8;
    --border-strong:  var(--accent);

    /* Screen-only dark mat behind the poster (the off-canvas viewport
       background). Print resets html/body to white, so this never reaches
       paper; kept as a token so no color literal lives outside this block. */
    --bg-viewport:    #2B2B2B;

    /* Base unit. Print: 1mm; screen preview: 1.6px (~3.78px = 1mm at 96dpi). */
    --u: 1.6px;

    /* Font-size scale (9 archetypes). Every `font-size` in this template
       references one of these. `calc(var(--fs-N) * k)` is permitted ONLY for
       a COMPONENTS.md-defined variant (e.g. `.eqn--large`). */
    --fs-1: calc(9 * var(--u));    /* micro label            */
    --fs-2: calc(10 * var(--u));   /* small caption          */
    --fs-3: calc(11 * var(--u));   /* caption / table        */
    --fs-4: calc(12 * var(--u));   /* body text              */
    --fs-5: calc(13 * var(--u));   /* equation / emphasis    */
    --fs-6: calc(15 * var(--u));   /* subtitle               */
    --fs-7: calc(16 * var(--u));   /* section title          */
    --fs-8: calc(22 * var(--u));   /* banner number          */
    --fs-9: calc(32 * var(--u));   /* main title             */

    /* Fonts. Override at :root if your venue mandates a specific family. */
    --font-serif: "Charter", "Source Serif Pro", "Georgia", serif;
    --font-sans:  "Inter", "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif;


    /* Shadows & watermark ink — tokenized so rules 1/3 stay literal-free
       (the faint radial page tint is the ONE allowed literal outside this
       block; rule 5 validates it WHEN ENABLED -- the style gate ships with rules 4-5 off). */
    --shadow-screen: 0 0 60px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    --shadow-card: 0 calc(2 * var(--u)) calc(6 * var(--u)) rgba(45, 95, 139, 0.05);
    --ornament-ink: rgba(45, 95, 139, 0.06);
    /* ===== END DESIGN TOKENS ===== */
  }

  /* =========================================================
     RESET + BASE
     ========================================================= */
  * { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

  html, body {
    background: var(--bg-viewport);
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    color: var(--text-primary);
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  }

  /* =========================================================
     UTILITY CLASSES — replace inline `style=` in the body markup.
     The template (and any finished poster) must carry ZERO `style=`
     attributes. Use these classes instead. Two documented exceptions
     exist ONLY as examples and may appear in comments, never live:
       - a logo/seal SVG flagged data-color-exempt="logo"
       - a paper figure `<img ... data-source="paper" style="width: NN%">`
         (AR width tweak; prefer the .w-NN classes below where possible)
     ========================================================= */

  /* Poster container — exact print dimensions; data-measure-role="poster" so poster_check.py
     can verify the canvas size. */
  .poster {
    width: calc(1524 * var(--u));
    height: calc(914 * var(--u));
    background: var(--bg-page);
    /* Page tint kept (radial only, all color stops alpha <= 0.06 per the
       de-gradient policy: linear-gradient is banned, this low-alpha radial
       wash is the single allowed exception). */
    background-image:
      radial-gradient(ellipse at top left,    rgba(45, 95, 139, 0.06), transparent 40%),
      radial-gradient(ellipse at bottom right, rgba(201, 162, 74, 0.05), transparent 50%);
    margin: 20px auto;
    padding: calc(10 * var(--u)) calc(14 * var(--u));
    display: grid;
    grid-template-rows: auto auto 1fr auto;  /* header | banner | body | footer */
    gap: calc(6 * var(--u));
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-screen);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  /* Decorative top bar — flat solid accent (de-gradient). */
  .poster::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
    height: calc(8 * var(--u));
    background: var(--accent);
  }

  /* =========================================================
     HEADER
     ========================================================= */
  .header {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr minmax(50%, auto) 1fr;   /* equal side tracks (1fr) -> the title track is centred on the poster, not just between the side blocks; the centre track is floored at 50% so a one-line title still fills it (else a short title measures narrow and trips a false HEADER/TITLE-SQUEEZED). Best-effort: a side block wide enough to clamp its 1fr track can still pull the title off-centre. */
    align-items: center;
    gap: calc(16 * var(--u));
    padding: calc(2 * var(--u)) calc(4 * var(--u)) calc(5 * var(--u));
    border-bottom: calc(2 * var(--u)) solid var(--accent);
  }

  .venue-badge {
    justify-self: start;          /* anchor to the far-left edge so the centre track stays centred */
    display: flex; flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    min-width: calc(95 * var(--u));
    text-align: center;
    border-right: calc(1 * var(--u)) solid var(--border-soft);
    padding-right: calc(12 * var(--u));
  }
  .venue-badge .vb-venue {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-weight: 800;
    font-size: var(--fs-9);
    color: var(--accent-deep);
    line-height: 1;
    letter-spacing: -0.5px;
  }
  .venue-badge .vb-year {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-5);
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-top: calc(3 * var(--u));
    letter-spacing: 1.2px;
  }
  .venue-badge .vb-tag {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-2);
    color: var(--accent);
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-top: calc(2 * var(--u));
    letter-spacing: 1.2px;
  }

  .title-block { text-align: center; min-width: 0; }
  .title {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-weight: 800;
    font-size: var(--fs-9);
    line-height: 1.05;
    color: var(--accent-deep);
    letter-spacing: -0.5px;
  }
  .title .accent { color: var(--gold); }
  .subtitle {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: var(--fs-6);
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-top: calc(2 * var(--u));
    font-style: italic;
  }
  .authors-line {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-4);
    color: var(--accent);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-top: calc(3 * var(--u));
  }
  .authors-line .author { margin: 0 calc(4 * var(--u)); }
  .authors-line sup { font-size: 0.7em; color: var(--accent); }
  .authors-line .aff {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 400;
    display: block;
    margin-top: calc(2 * var(--u));
    font-size: var(--fs-4);
  }

  .right-block {
    justify-self: end;            /* keep logo+QR in the far-right corner */
    display: flex; align-items: center;
    gap: calc(10 * var(--u));
  }
  .qr-block { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: calc(2 * var(--u)); }
  .qr-block img {
    /* 65u, not 85u: the title block is 449px tall and sets the header height,
       so a QR up to 65u rides along for free; 85u grew the header 71px and
       pushed every column past the footer. 65mm still scans from arm's length. */
    width: calc(65 * var(--u));
    height: calc(65 * var(--u));
    border: calc(2 * var(--u)) solid var(--accent);
    border-radius: calc(4 * var(--u));
    background: white;
    padding: calc(2 * var(--u));
  }
  .qr-label {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-3);
    color: var(--accent);
    font-weight: 600;
  }
  /* Optional logo slot — drop your lab logo here. Keep its rendered height
     close to the QR (~85u) so the header doesn't grow disproportionately.
     A raster logo needs no exemption. An inline-SVG logo with brand colors
     must carry data-color-exempt="logo" so style_check skips its fills, e.g.:
       <svg data-color-exempt="logo" ...> ... </svg> */
  .logo-slot img { height: calc(85 * var(--u)); width: auto; max-width: calc(360 * var(--u)); object-fit: contain; display: block; }
  /* Logo size classes on .logo-slot -- pick from the file's aspect ratio (SKILL.md Gate E).
     tall/square sit at the QR-matched slot height; wide is intentionally shorter (~68% of the
     QR) and width-capped so a long wordmark doesn't out-mass the title. Do NOT combine these
     with logo-stack (that row is width-normalized, below). */
  .logo-slot.logo-tall img,
  .logo-slot.logo-square img { height: calc(85 * var(--u)); }
  .logo-slot.logo-wide img  { height: calc(58 * var(--u)); max-width: calc(300 * var(--u)); }
  /* Logo chip: a solid backing that keeps a transparent / edge-white logo legible on a
     colored/dark header (white chip) or a light header (.logo-chip-dark); the padding + radius
     fold a stray white box into a deliberate rounded tile (SKILL.md Gate E, Background). */
  .logo-chip {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    background: var(--bg-card); border-radius: calc(3 * var(--u));
    padding: calc(3 * var(--u)) calc(5 * var(--u));
  }
  .logo-chip.logo-chip-dark { background: var(--text-primary); }
  /* logo-row: institution logos in the header right block (REAL logos the
     user provided — never fabricate a seal). Each img MUST carry
     data-color-exempt="logo"; height pairs with the QR. */
  .logo-row { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: calc(5 * var(--u)); }
  .logo-row img { height: calc(68 * var(--u)); width: auto; display: block; }
  /* --boxed variant: each logo in a labeled tile (logo + institution name) —
     more presence at poster distance; white tile + soft border, no new hues. */
  .logo-row .lr-item {
    display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center;
    gap: calc(2 * var(--u));
    background: var(--bg-card);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-soft);
    border-radius: calc(3 * var(--u));
    padding: calc(4 * var(--u)) calc(6 * var(--u));
  }
  .logo-row .lr-item img { height: calc(58 * var(--u)); }
  .logo-row .lr-label {
    font-family: var(--font-sans); font-weight: 600; font-size: var(--fs-1);
    color: var(--text-secondary); text-align: center; line-height: 1.15;
  }
  /* logo-stack variant: WIDE WORDMARKS (AR >= ~2) normalized to EQUAL WIDTH
     and stacked vertically, left-aligned. Use when two wide wordmarks of
     different aspect ratio read unbalanced height-matched in a row (equal
     width lets the less-wide mark grow taller and aligns a clean block).
     NOT for a square seal or tall mark (equal width blows it up — keep those
     height-matched). Do NOT also apply the logo-wide/tall/square classes. */
  .logo-row.logo-stack { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: calc(8 * var(--u)); }
  .logo-row.logo-stack img { width: calc(170 * var(--u)); height: auto; }
  /* venue badge may carry the official venue logo above its text line */
  .venue-badge img { height: calc(62 * var(--u)); width: auto; display: block; margin: 0 auto calc(2 * var(--u)); }
  .venue-badge .vb-title { font-family: var(--font-sans); font-weight: 800; font-size: var(--fs-5); color: var(--accent-deep); letter-spacing: 0.5px; }

  /* =========================================================
     OPTIONAL FRAMEWORK BANNER (delete this whole section if you don't need it)
     ========================================================= */
  .framework-banner {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: calc(16 * var(--u));
    /* Flat solid emphasis fill (de-gradient). */
    background: var(--bg-emphasis);
    border: calc(1 * var(--u)) solid var(--border-soft);
    border-left: calc(6 * var(--u)) solid var(--accent);
    border-radius: calc(6 * var(--u));
    padding: calc(6 * var(--u)) calc(14 * var(--u));
  }
  .framework-banner img { height: calc(120 * var(--u)); width: auto; display: block; }
  .framework-banner .banner-stats {
    flex: 1;
    display: grid;
    /* One row, not 2x2: the 2x2 stack made the banner 497px tall and starved
       the body grid by ~190px per column. All four numbers read fine in a row. */
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: calc(6 * var(--u));
  }
  .framework-banner .bs-item {
    background: white;
    border: calc(1 * var(--u)) solid var(--border-soft);
    border-left: calc(3 * var(--u)) solid var(--accent);
    border-radius: calc(3 * var(--u));
    padding: calc(2 * var(--u)) calc(8 * var(--u));
    text-align: center;
  }
  .framework-banner .bs-num {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-weight: 800;
    font-size: var(--fs-8);
    color: var(--accent);
    line-height: 1;
  }
  .framework-banner .bs-label {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-3);
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-top: calc(2 * var(--u));
    line-height: 1.2;
  }
  .framework-banner .fb-text {
    /* 1.4, not the shipped 1.6: the verdict's last line fills 89% of the
       measure here vs 75% at 1.6 (Gate B wants >=80%). Fill jumps
       non-monotonically with this ratio -- swept 1.2-2.4 to pick it. */
    flex: 1.4;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: var(--fs-6);
    line-height: 1.5;
    text-wrap: pretty;   /* prose: fill each line, protect last-line orphan. NOT balance — on multi-sentence prose balance shortens+hyphenates line 1 (crammed-left, gap-right). */
    text-align: center;
  }
  .framework-banner .fb-text strong { color: var(--accent-deep); }
  .framework-banner .fb-label {
    display: inline-block;
    background: var(--accent);
    color: white;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-5);
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: calc(2 * var(--u)) calc(8 * var(--u));
    border-radius: calc(4 * var(--u));
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    vertical-align: middle;
    line-height: 1;
    position: relative;
    top: calc(-1 * var(--u));
  }

  /* Method-overview figure for the banner (banner-figure component,
     catalogued in COMPONENTS.md). Usually CAPTIONLESS -- the banner text
     block beside it is the figure's explanation. width:min-content collapses
     the slot to the IMAGE (a captionless figure's slot IS the image); if a
     short caption is used it wraps at the image box and can NEVER set the
     flex-item width; margin-inline centres a block image (text-align does
     not); overflow-wrap guards a long unbreakable token. Do NOT hand-roll a
     .fb-fig wrapper or a bare <img class="w-100"> here. */
  .framework-banner .banner-figure {
    flex: 0 0 auto;
    width: min-content;
    margin: 0;
    text-align: center;
  }
  .framework-banner .banner-figure img {
    height: calc(120 * var(--u));
    width: auto;
    display: block;
    margin-inline: auto;
  }
  .framework-banner .banner-figure figcaption {
    width: 100%;
    margin-top: calc(2 * var(--u));
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-2);
    line-height: 1.2;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    text-align: center;
    text-wrap: pretty;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  }
  .framework-banner .banner-figure figcaption strong { color: var(--accent-deep); }

  /* =========================================================
     BODY: 4 columns, variable-width hint via fr values
     ========================================================= */
  .body-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1.05fr 1.05fr 1fr;
    gap: calc(10 * var(--u));
    /* No overflow:hidden here — it would clip card shadows (pitfall #6).
       .poster already clips at the page boundary; min-height:0 is the
       grid-blowout guard. */
    min-height: 0;
  }
  .column {
    display: flex; flex-direction: column;
    gap: calc(6 * var(--u));
    min-height: 0;
    height: 100%;
    padding-bottom: calc(4 * var(--u));   /* shadow breathing room above takeaways */
  }

  /* =========================================================
     CARDS
     ========================================================= */
  .card {
    background: var(--bg-card);
    border-radius: calc(5 * var(--u));
    padding: calc(4 * var(--u)) calc(9 * var(--u));
    border: calc(1 * var(--u)) solid var(--border-soft);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
    position: relative;
  }
  .card.tinted    { background: var(--bg-card-tint); }
  .card.card--compact { padding: calc(3 * var(--u)) calc(6 * var(--u)); }   /* predefined variant: tighter padding (fix (f)) */
  .card.highlight {
    border-left: calc(6 * var(--u)) solid var(--accent);
    /* Flat emphasis tint (de-gradient). */
    background: var(--bg-emphasis);
  }

  .section-title {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: var(--fs-7);
    color: var(--accent-deep);
    margin-bottom: calc(3 * var(--u));
    display: flex; align-items: center;
    gap: calc(5 * var(--u));
  }
  /* Title text + any ★ marker share ONE .st-text span, so the heading wraps as
     natural text (hanging indent) instead of flex-wrapping atomic items: the
     number badge is never stranded on its own line and the ★ never widows. */
  .section-title .st-text { flex: 1; min-width: 0; line-height: 1.18; }
  /* Graceful fallback if a title is NOT wrapped in .st-text: float the badge so
     bare inline text still wraps beside it rather than dropping below it. */
  .section-title:not(:has(.st-text)) { display: block; line-height: 1.18; }
  .section-title:not(:has(.st-text)) .num { float: left; margin-right: calc(5 * var(--u)); }
  .section-title .num {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    width: calc(22 * var(--u)); height: calc(22 * var(--u));
    background: var(--accent); color: white;
    border-radius: 50%;
    font-size: var(--fs-5); font-weight: 700;
    flex-shrink: 0;
  }
  /* Inline "★ KEY" / "★ Headline" marker beside a section title. */
  .section-title .key-mark { color: var(--gold); font-size: var(--fs-3); }

  .body-text, .card p, .card li {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: var(--fs-4);
    line-height: 1.3;
    color: var(--text-primary);
  }
  .card ul, .card ol { padding-left: calc(18 * var(--u)); }
  .card li { margin-bottom: calc(2 * var(--u)); }

  .keyword       { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 700; }
  .keyword-gold  { color: var(--gold);   font-weight: 700; }
  .highlight-text {
    background: var(--bg-emphasis);
    padding: 0 calc(3 * var(--u));
    border-radius: calc(2 * var(--u));
  }

  /* Equation block */
  .eqn {
    background: var(--bg-emphasis);
    border-left: calc(3 * var(--u)) solid var(--accent);
    padding: calc(4 * var(--u)) calc(10 * var(--u));
    margin: calc(4 * var(--u)) 0;
    font-size: var(--fs-5);
    overflow-x: hidden;
  }
  /* Predefined variant for a larger / more legible display equation.
     `calc(var(--fs-N) * k)` is allowed here because this is a
     COMPONENTS.md-registered variant (DESIGN_FINAL §A / §10 f). */
  .eqn--large { font-size: calc(var(--fs-5) * 1.25); }
  .eqn .label {
    display: block;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-2);
    color: var(--accent);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: calc(2 * var(--u));
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
  }

  /* Callout: solid accent for primary, solid gold for theorems / "★ key" strips */
  .callout {
    background: var(--accent);
    color: white;
    padding: calc(5 * var(--u)) calc(10 * var(--u));
    border-radius: calc(4 * var(--u));
    font-size: var(--fs-4);
    margin: calc(4 * var(--u)) 0;
  }
  .callout strong { color: var(--gold); }
  /* Flat solid gold (de-gradient). */
  .callout.gold {
    background: var(--gold);
    color: var(--accent-deep);
  }
  .callout.gold strong { color: var(--accent-deep); }

  /* Figure container */
  .figure { margin: calc(4 * var(--u)) 0; text-align: center; }
  .figure img:not([class*="w-"]) { width: 100%; }
  .figure--wide img { width: 100%; }   /* predefined variant: force full card width over any .w-NN (fix (f)) */
  .figure img {
    border-radius: calc(4 * var(--u));
    border: calc(1 * var(--u)) solid var(--border-soft);
    background: white;
  }
  .figure .caption {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-3);
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-top: calc(3 * var(--u));
    line-height: 1.3;
    text-align: left;
  }
  .figure .caption strong { color: var(--accent-deep); }

  /* Float a figure BESIDE text in a TEXT-RICH card: text wraps to its side
     and then below it. The clearfix grows the card to contain the float;
     mark the <img> data-fig-layout="beside-text" so the AR gates honour the
     intentionally small width. Use ONLY when there is enough text to fill the
     figure's height -- a text-sparse card should center .figure instead. A
     short-text float leaves an L-shaped void below the text, which polish's
     FIG/BESIDE-TEXT-VOID flags. */
  .fig-wrap::after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; }
  .ff-fig {
    float: right;
    width: 48%; max-width: 58%; min-width: 38%;
    margin: calc(1 * var(--u)) 0 calc(3 * var(--u)) calc(11 * var(--u));
    text-align: center;
  }
  .ff-fig.left {
    float: left;
    margin: calc(1 * var(--u)) calc(11 * var(--u)) calc(3 * var(--u)) 0;
  }
  .ff-fig img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: calc(4 * var(--u));
    border: calc(1 * var(--u)) solid var(--border-soft);
    background: white;
  }
  .ff-fig .caption {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-3);
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-top: calc(3 * var(--u));
    line-height: 1.3;
    text-align: center;
  }

  /* Result table with .ours row highlighted gold */
  .result-table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-3);
    margin-top: calc(3 * var(--u));
  }
  .result-table th, .result-table td {
    padding: calc(2 * var(--u)) calc(4 * var(--u));
    text-align: center;
    border-bottom: calc(1 * var(--u)) solid var(--border-soft);
  }
  .result-table thead th {
    background: var(--accent); color: white;
    font-weight: 600; font-size: var(--fs-2);
  }
  .result-table tbody tr.group-row td {
    background: var(--bg-emphasis); font-weight: 700;
    text-align: left;
    color: var(--accent-deep);
    padding-left: calc(8 * var(--u));
    border-bottom: calc(2 * var(--u)) solid var(--accent);
  }
  .result-table tbody tr.ours td { background: var(--gold-soft); font-weight: 700; }
  .result-table tbody tr.ours td:first-child { color: var(--accent-deep); }
  /* Greyed reference row (was inline color:#888). */
  .result-table tbody tr.reference td { color: var(--text-muted); }
  .result-table .method { text-align: left; padding-left: calc(8 * var(--u)); }
  .result-table .best { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 700; }
  /* This reproduction's own measured value, as opposed to the paper's reported
     one in the neighbouring column. Table-scoped and token-only (fix op (e)). */
  .result-table .num-cell { color: var(--accent-deep); font-weight: 700; }

  /* 3-up stat box */
  .keybox {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: calc(4 * var(--u));
    margin: calc(4 * var(--u)) 0 0;
  }
  .keybox .kb-item {
    background: var(--bg-emphasis);
    border-top: calc(2 * var(--u)) solid var(--accent);
    padding: calc(3 * var(--u));
    text-align: center;
    /* The grid stretches every tile to the tallest one; center the content
       vertically so a 1-line tile's number aligns with a 2-line neighbour's
       instead of top-ragged (SKILL Layout pitfall — stat-tile alignment). */
    display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center;
    border-radius: 0 0 calc(3 * var(--u)) calc(3 * var(--u));
  }
  .kb-item .kb-num {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-weight: 800;
    font-size: var(--fs-6);
    color: var(--accent);
    line-height: 1;
  }
  .kb-item .kb-label {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-1);
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-top: calc(2 * var(--u));
    line-height: 1.1;
  }

  /* Optional takeaways strip (delete the section if not needed) */
  .takeaways-strip {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: auto repeat(4, 1fr);
    align-items: center;
    gap: calc(10 * var(--u));
    /* Flat solid emphasis fill (de-gradient). */
    background: var(--bg-emphasis);
    border: calc(1 * var(--u)) solid var(--border-soft);
    border-radius: calc(5 * var(--u));
    padding: calc(8 * var(--u)) calc(12 * var(--u));
  }
  .takeaways-strip .ts-title {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-6);
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--accent-deep);
    display: flex; align-items: center; gap: calc(6 * var(--u));
  }
  .takeaways-strip .ts-title .num {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    width: calc(22 * var(--u)); height: calc(22 * var(--u));
    background: var(--accent); color: white;
    border-radius: 50%;
    font-size: var(--fs-5); font-weight: 700;
  }
  .takeaways-strip .ts-item {
    border-left: calc(3 * var(--u)) solid var(--accent);
    padding-left: calc(8 * var(--u));
    line-height: 1.3;
    text-align: center;
    text-wrap: balance;
  }
  .takeaways-strip .ts-key {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-3);
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--accent);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
  }
  .takeaways-strip .ts-text {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: var(--fs-4);
    margin-left: calc(4 * var(--u));
  }

  /* Footer */
  .footer {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline;
    /* When the two blocks can't sit side by side they stack (wrap) instead of
       overflowing; row-gap keeps the stacked blocks legible. */
    flex-wrap: wrap; gap: calc(2 * var(--u)) calc(10 * var(--u));
    padding-top: calc(8 * var(--u));
    border-top: calc(1 * var(--u)) solid var(--border-soft);
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: var(--fs-5);
    color: var(--text-muted);
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  <!-- =========================== HEADER =========================== -->
  <header class="header" data-measure-role="header">
    <div class="venue-badge">
      <div class="vb-venue">ICML</div>
      <div class="vb-year">2026</div>
      <div class="vb-tag">REPRO</div>
    </div>

    <div class="title-block">
      <h1 class="title">Beyond Confidence: Adaptive and Coherent Decoding for Diffusion Language Models
        <span class="accent">[ A Reproduction ]</span></h1>
      <div class="subtitle">The idea reproduces. The speedup it is packaged with is structurally impossible at the paper's own hyperparameters.</div>
      <div class="authors-line">
        <span class="author">Independent reproduction of ICML&nbsp;2026 paper&nbsp;#6883 (OpenReview b0O96emqNj &middot; arXiv 2512.02044)</span>
        <span class="aff">&middot; no official code released &mdash; reimplemented from the equations &middot; Dream-7B-Instruct &middot; 1&times;L40S, ~7 GPU-h, ~&#36;13</span>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="qr-block">
      <img src="images/qr_bundle.png" alt="QR code linking to the reproduction bundle on Hugging Face">
      <div class="qr-label">code, per-example<br>outputs &amp; job scripts</div>
    </div>
  </header>

  <!-- ===================== OPTIONAL FRAMEWORK BANNER =====================
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       (To do so, also remove `auto` from the grid-template-rows above.) -->
  <section class="framework-banner" data-measure-role="banner">
    <div class="fb-text">
      <span class="fb-label">Verdict</span>
      &nbsp;<strong>CCD's quality gain reproduces (+4.69 vs +4.65 claimed). Its advertised 3.48&times; speedup cannot exist at the stated <span class="keyword">V=4, d=3</span></strong> &mdash; a ceiling <strong>k &le; V/(d+1)</strong>, derived from the paper's own Eqs. (16)&ndash;(17), caps decoding at exactly 1 token per step. Widening the buffer to V&asymp;16 buys back the reported speed, and spends the quality gain to do it. The two are each reachable alone, never together.
    </div>
    <div class="banner-stats">
      <div class="bs-item"><div class="bs-num">+4.69</div><div class="bs-label">CCD on HumanEval<br>(paper: +4.65) &#10003;</div></div>
      <div class="bs-item"><div class="bs-num">1.02&times;</div><div class="bs-label">measured speedup<br>(paper: 3.48&times;) &#10007;</div></div>
      <div class="bs-item"><div class="bs-num">8/8</div><div class="bs-label">configs match the<br>ceiling (1.9% err)</div></div>
      <div class="bs-item"><div class="bs-num">V&asymp;16</div><div class="bs-label">recovers the paper's<br>numbers, not V=4</div></div>
    </div>
  </section>

  <!-- ============================ BODY ============================ -->
  <div class="body-grid" data-measure-role="body">

    <div class="column" data-measure-role="column">

      <div class="card highlight" data-measure-role="card">
        <div class="section-title"><span class="num">1</span><span class="st-text">What was reproduced</span></div>
        <p class="body-text">
          CCD replaces a diffusion LM's <span class="keyword">single-step</span> confidence with a marginal
          <strong>p&#772;</strong> averaged over a sliding buffer of the last <em>d</em> iterations, keeping the
          top-<em>V</em> tokens (Eq. 6/16/17). CCD-DS spends that signal as an
          <span class="keyword">adaptive unmasking budget</span> (Eq. 20).
        </p>
        <p class="body-text mt-3">
          <strong>No code was released.</strong> We reimplemented from the equations as a drop-in replacement for
          Dream's <code>_sample</code>, copying its confidence metric, logit shift and budget schedule verbatim &mdash;
          the arms differ <em>only</em> in which distribution a token is drawn from.
        </p>
      </div>

      <div class="card" data-measure-role="card">
        <div class="section-title"><span class="num">2</span><span class="st-text">The harness is faithful</span></div>
        <p class="body-text">Three independent baselines land on the paper's numbers &mdash; this is what licenses every verdict below.</p>
        <table class="result-table">
          <thead><tr><th>baseline</th><th>paper</th><th>ours</th></tr></thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr><td>Trip Plan</td><td>15.10</td><td class="num-cell">15.62</td></tr>
            <tr><td>HumanEval</td><td>52.66</td><td class="num-cell">53.12</td></tr>
            <tr><td>Trip City=3</td><td>58</td><td class="num-cell">55.0</td></tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <p class="body-text mt-3 fs-4">
          Hyperparameters are Dream's own eval scripts &mdash; we tuned nothing.
        </p>
      </div>

      <div class="card" data-measure-role="card">
        <div class="section-title"><span class="num">3</span><span class="st-text">Bonus: Dream's own recipe is broken</span></div>
        <p class="body-text">
          Dream's published HumanEval setting (<span class="keyword">T=0.1, top_p=0.9</span>) emits
          <strong>768/768 EOS</strong> under Dream's <em>own</em> <code>diffusion_generate</code> &mdash; yet this paper
          and the Dream paper both report <strong>52.66</strong> from it.
        </p>
        <p class="body-text mt-3">
          <strong>Cause:</strong> T&lt;1 scales logits &times;1/T and top_p&lt;1 keeps only the argmax, so negative
          entropy is <span class="keyword">exactly 0 at 242/256 positions</span> and the ranking ties. Only the
          <em>conjunction</em> is fatal &mdash; we ran HumanEval at T=0.
        </p>
      </div>

      <div class="card pb-12" data-logbook-target="conclusion" data-measure-role="card">
        <div class="section-title"><span class="num">4</span><span class="st-text">Scope, cost &amp; what's next</span></div>
        <p class="body-text">
          <strong>~7 GPU-h on one L40S, ~&#36;13</strong>, against ~250 GPU-h (~&#36;450) to run all of Table 1 at
          full size &mdash; spent on the claims that discriminate.
        </p>
        <p class="body-text mt-3">
          <strong>Honest limits.</strong> Scores ran at n=64 (Trip, HumanEval), n=40 (ablation), n=16 (temperature) &mdash;
          underpowered, so we report McNemar paired tests, not point estimates, and call Claim 3's score
          <em>inconclusive</em> rather than refuted. <strong>Next:</strong> full HumanEval (n=164, ~&#36;6) would take
          CCD's 3&ndash;0 to p&asymp;0.008.
        </p>
      </div>

    </div>

    <div class="column" data-measure-role="column">

      <div class="card" data-logbook-target="claim-2-propositions-1-and-2" data-measure-role="card">
        <div class="section-title"><span class="num">5</span><span class="st-text">Theory: Prop. 1 &#10003;, Prop. 2 &#10007;</span></div>
        <p class="body-text">
          <strong>Prop. 1</strong> &mdash; <em>H(x|s) = H(x|c,s) + I(x;c|s)</em> &mdash; is a correct identity, exact to
          <strong>2.2e-15</strong> over 2000 seeded random joints.
        </p>
        <p class="body-text mt-3">
          <strong>Prop. 2 does not follow.</strong> Lemma 1 is an <em>upper</em> bound; Eq. (12) swaps its RHS for a
          trajectory-averaged MI that is <span class="keyword">strictly smaller</span> (0.191 vs 0.669 bits in our
          counterexample) while keeping the &le;.
        </p>
        <p class="body-text mt-3">
          Worse, its RHS is <strong>sampler-independent</strong> &mdash; it depends on the data and the trained model,
          not on how tokens are picked. The only lever is <em>G/T</em>, so CCD-DS's fewer steps make the bound
          <strong>~3.4&times; looser</strong> &mdash; the opposite of governing it.
        </p>
      </div>

      <div class="card highlight" data-measure-role="card">
        <div class="section-title"><span class="num">6</span><span class="st-text">A ceiling on the speedup</span></div>
        <p class="body-text">
          Let <em>S<sub>u</sub></em> be the top-<em>V</em> set at step <em>u</em>. Eq. (17) intersects the last
          <em>d</em>+1 of them; every token decoded in that window came from <em>S<sub>t&minus;d</sub></em> and never
          returns, which in steady state forces:
        </p>
        <div class="eqn eqn--large">
          |I<sup>c</sup><sub>t</sub>| &le; V &minus; &Sigma;k &nbsp;&rArr;&nbsp; <strong>k &le; V/(d+1)</strong>
        </div>
        <p class="body-text mt-3">
          Speedup <em>is</em> mean tokens/step, so <strong>V/(d+1) caps it</strong>. At the paper's
          <span class="keyword">V=4, d=3</span>: <strong>4/4 = 1.0&times;</strong> &mdash; no speedup is possible. The cap
          follows from position bookkeeping alone; no model or benchmark enters.
        </p>
      </div>

      <div class="card pb-9" data-logbook-target="claim-1-ccd-sliding-window-buffer-approximates-the-marginal" data-measure-role="card">
        <div class="section-title"><span class="num">7</span><span class="st-text">Measured: the budget starves</span></div>
        <figure class="figure">
          <img class="w-90" src="images/fig_ic_hist.png" alt="Histogram of intersection size">
          <div class="caption">At V=4, d=3 the intersection holds exactly one candidate in 72% of steps &mdash; Eq. (20)'s budget has nothing to adapt with.</div>
        </figure>
        <p class="body-text mt-3 fs-4">
          The stability heuristic &mdash; the part the paper describes tuning &mdash; passes on <strong>96.1%</strong> of candidates. It is not the bottleneck; the intersection is.
        </p>
      </div>

    </div>

    <div class="column" data-measure-role="column">

      <div class="card" data-measure-role="card">
        <div class="section-title"><span class="num">8</span><span class="st-text">The ceiling predicts, 8/8</span></div>
        <figure class="figure">
          <img class="w-80" src="images/fig_k_law.png" alt="Predicted vs measured tokens per step">
          <div class="caption">Predicted from the equations before any run, then measured on Dream-7B: mean absolute error 1.9%, worst case 6.7%. Nothing here is fitted.</div>
        </figure>
        <p class="body-text mt-3 fs-4">
          It holds on the <em>d</em> axis too: d=1&rarr;1.95 (predicted 2.00), d=2&rarr;1.31 (1.33), d=3&rarr;1.01 (1.00).
          At V=1&ndash;2 CCD-DS degenerates <em>exactly</em> to baseline: 256.0 steps, 99.6% fallback, identical score.
        </p>
      </div>

      <div class="card highlight" data-measure-role="card">
        <div class="section-title"><span class="num">9</span><span class="st-text">V&asymp;16 reconciles the paper</span></div>
        <p class="body-text">
          The bound says 3.48&times; needs <strong>V = 3.48&times;4 &asymp; 14</strong>. We ran V=16 &mdash; nothing else changed &mdash;
          and <em>two independent reported quantities</em> reappear:
        </p>
        <table class="result-table">
          <thead><tr><th></th><th>paper</th><th>V=4</th><th>V=16</th></tr></thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr><td>CCD &Delta;</td><td>+1.83</td><td>&minus;1.56</td><td class="num-cell">+1.56 &#10003;</td></tr>
            <tr><td>DS steps</td><td>75.2</td><td>252.1</td><td class="num-cell">70.3 &#10003;</td></tr>
            <tr><td>DS speedup</td><td>3.48&times;</td><td>1.02&times;</td><td class="num-cell">3.64&times; &#10003;</td></tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <p class="body-text mt-3">
          On HumanEval too: the bound says 3.04&times; needs V&ge;12.2; <strong>V=12 gives 2.89&times;</strong>. The
          published <span class="keyword">V=4</span> appears to fit neither benchmark.
        </p>
      </div>

      <div class="card pb-7" data-logbook-target="claim-3-trip-plan-speedup-and-score-dream-7b" data-measure-role="card">
        <div class="section-title"><span class="num">10</span><span class="st-text">Claim 3 &mdash; Trip Plan</span></div>
        <table class="result-table">
          <thead><tr><th>arm</th><th>paper</th><th>ours</th><th>speedup</th></tr></thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr><td>baseline</td><td>15.10</td><td class="num-cell">15.62</td><td>1.00&times;</td></tr>
            <tr><td>+ CCD</td><td>16.93</td><td class="num-cell">14.06</td><td>1.00&times;</td></tr>
            <tr><td>+ CCD-DS</td><td>19.01</td><td class="num-cell">14.06</td><td class="num-cell">1.02&times;</td></tr>
            <tr class="ours"><td>CCD-DS <em>V=16</em></td><td>&mdash;</td><td class="num-cell">12.50</td><td class="num-cell">3.64&times;</td></tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <p class="body-text mt-3">
          <strong>Speedup refuted:</strong> 1.02&times; vs 3.48&times; claimed (k=1.015 against the bound's 1.00).
          The score is <em>inconclusive</em>, not refuted &mdash; only <strong>1 of 64</strong> examples changed
          (McNemar p=1.000), though CCD drove 77% of steps and rewrote 69% of the plans.
        </p>
      </div>

    </div>

    <div class="column" data-measure-role="column">

      <div class="card highlight" data-logbook-target="claim-4-humaneval-ccd-and-ccd-ds-dream-7b" data-measure-role="card">
        <div class="section-title"><span class="num">11</span><span class="st-text">Claim 4 &mdash; CCD reproduces</span></div>
        <p class="body-text">
          The paper's headline quality claim lands to within <strong>0.04 points</strong>:
        </p>
        <table class="result-table">
          <thead><tr><th>HumanEval, n=64</th><th>paper</th><th>ours</th></tr></thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr><td>baseline</td><td>52.66</td><td class="num-cell">48.44</td></tr>
            <tr class="ours"><td><strong>+ CCD &Delta;</strong></td><td><strong>+4.65</strong></td><td class="num-cell"><strong>+4.69</strong> &#10003;</td></tr>
            <tr><td>+ CCD-DS speedup</td><td>3.04&times;</td><td class="num-cell">1.01&times; &#10007;</td></tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <p class="body-text mt-3">
          Unanimous but underpowered: <strong>3 of 64</strong> improved, none worsened, <em>p=0.250</em>. CCD drove
          96% of steps and rewrote 33% of programs.
        </p>
      </div>

      <div class="card" data-logbook-target="claim-5-historical-buffer-size-ablation" data-measure-role="card">
        <div class="section-title"><span class="num">12</span><span class="st-text">Claim 5 &mdash; buffer ablation</span></div>
        <figure class="figure">
          <img class="w-80" src="images/fig_ablation_score.png" alt="Accuracy vs buffer width">
          <div class="caption">Accuracy falls monotonically and never beats baseline. The paper's 70% peak at size 4; we measure 50.0, under our 52.5 baseline.</div>
        </figure>
        <p class="body-text mt-3 fs-4">
          The reported "95.54 steps at buffer 4" sits between our V=8 (132.8) and V=16 (68.6) &mdash; V&asymp;11 again.
        </p>
      </div>

      <div class="card pb-8" data-logbook-target="claim-6-temperature-robustness" data-measure-role="card">
        <div class="section-title"><span class="num">13</span><span class="st-text">Claim 6 &mdash; temperature</span></div>
        <figure class="figure">
          <img class="w-75" src="images/fig_temperature.png" alt="pass@1 vs sampling temperature, baseline vs CCD-DS">
          <div class="caption">The gain appears only at T=0 (+6.25 vs +9.8 claimed); at every other temperature CCD-DS is worse or level.</div>
        </figure>
        <p class="body-text mt-3 fs-4">
          At T=0, <strong>50.0 vs 43.75</strong>. <strong>Caveat:</strong> n=16, and T=0.1/0.4/0.7 sit inside the
          collapse regime &mdash; our weakest test.
        </p>
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    <div>
      <strong class="method-name">Coherent Contextual Decoding (CCD)</strong> &middot; ICML 2026 #6883 &middot; arXiv 2512.02044 &middot;
      Reproduction bundle, all per-example outputs and the exact job scripts: huggingface.co/datasets/ashishk1331/ccd-repro-code
    </div>
    <div>
      Logbook (every run, figure and per-example output): <span class="repo">huggingface.co/spaces/ashishk1331/ccd-repro-logbook</span>
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