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---
pretty_name: "Galaxy Image Description Benchmark"
license: mit

tags:
  - astronomy
  - galaxy-zoo
  - galaxy-morphology
  - benchmark

dataset_info:
  features:
    - name: image_rgb
      dtype: image
    - name: ra
      dtype: float64
    - name: dec
      dtype: float64
    - name: object_id
      dtype: string
    - name: image_array
      list:
        list:
          list: float32
    - name: decision_tree
      dtype: string
    - name: iauname
      dtype: string
    - name: redshift
      dtype: float64
    - name: elpetro_absmag_r
      dtype: float64
    - name: sersic_nmgy_r
      dtype: float64
    - name: petro_th50
      dtype: float64
    - name: petro_th90
      dtype: float64
    - name: petro_theta
      dtype: float64
    - name: upload_group
      dtype: string
    - name: active_learning_on
      dtype: bool
    - name: in_gzd_ab
      dtype: bool
    - name: png_loc
      dtype: string
    - name: smooth-or-featured_total-votes
      dtype: int64
    - name: smooth-or-featured_smooth
      dtype: int64
    - name: smooth-or-featured_smooth_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: smooth-or-featured_featured-or-disk
      dtype: int64
    - name: smooth-or-featured_featured-or-disk_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: smooth-or-featured_artifact
      dtype: int64
    - name: smooth-or-featured_artifact_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: disk-edge-on_total-votes
      dtype: int64
    - name: disk-edge-on_yes
      dtype: int64
    - name: disk-edge-on_yes_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: disk-edge-on_no
      dtype: int64
    - name: disk-edge-on_no_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: has-spiral-arms_total-votes
      dtype: int64
    - name: has-spiral-arms_yes
      dtype: int64
    - name: has-spiral-arms_yes_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: has-spiral-arms_no
      dtype: int64
    - name: has-spiral-arms_no_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: bar_total-votes
      dtype: int64
    - name: bar_strong
      dtype: int64
    - name: bar_strong_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: bar_weak
      dtype: int64
    - name: bar_weak_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: bar_no
      dtype: int64
    - name: bar_no_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: bulge-size_total-votes
      dtype: int64
    - name: bulge-size_dominant
      dtype: int64
    - name: bulge-size_dominant_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: bulge-size_large
      dtype: int64
    - name: bulge-size_large_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: bulge-size_moderate
      dtype: int64
    - name: bulge-size_moderate_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: bulge-size_small
      dtype: int64
    - name: bulge-size_small_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: bulge-size_none
      dtype: int64
    - name: bulge-size_none_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: how-rounded_total-votes
      dtype: int64
    - name: how-rounded_round
      dtype: int64
    - name: how-rounded_round_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: how-rounded_in-between
      dtype: int64
    - name: how-rounded_in-between_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: how-rounded_cigar-shaped
      dtype: int64
    - name: how-rounded_cigar-shaped_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: edge-on-bulge_total-votes
      dtype: int64
    - name: edge-on-bulge_boxy
      dtype: int64
    - name: edge-on-bulge_boxy_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: edge-on-bulge_none
      dtype: int64
    - name: edge-on-bulge_none_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: edge-on-bulge_rounded
      dtype: int64
    - name: edge-on-bulge_rounded_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: spiral-winding_total-votes
      dtype: int64
    - name: spiral-winding_tight
      dtype: int64
    - name: spiral-winding_tight_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: spiral-winding_medium
      dtype: int64
    - name: spiral-winding_medium_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: spiral-winding_loose
      dtype: int64
    - name: spiral-winding_loose_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: spiral-arm-count_total-votes
      dtype: int64
    - name: spiral-arm-count_1
      dtype: int64
    - name: spiral-arm-count_1_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: spiral-arm-count_2
      dtype: int64
    - name: spiral-arm-count_2_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: spiral-arm-count_3
      dtype: int64
    - name: spiral-arm-count_3_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: spiral-arm-count_4
      dtype: int64
    - name: spiral-arm-count_4_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: spiral-arm-count_more-than-4
      dtype: int64
    - name: spiral-arm-count_more-than-4_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: spiral-arm-count_cant-tell
      dtype: int64
    - name: spiral-arm-count_cant-tell_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: merging_total-votes
      dtype: int64
    - name: merging_none
      dtype: int64
    - name: merging_none_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: merging_minor-disturbance
      dtype: int64
    - name: merging_minor-disturbance_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: merging_major-disturbance
      dtype: int64
    - name: merging_major-disturbance_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: merging_merger
      dtype: int64
    - name: merging_merger_fraction
      dtype: float64
    - name: wrong_size_statistic
      dtype: float64
    - name: wrong_size_warning
      dtype: bool

datasets:
  - legacy
---

# Description Benchmark based on GalaxyZoo
[![arXiv](https://img.shields.io/badge/arXiv-2512.11982-b31b1b.svg)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.11982)

A small sample of the GZ-DECaLS dataset to cheaply test the ability of vision-language models to describe galaxy images.


# Data source
The underlying catalog data are derived from the Galaxy Zoo DECaLS: Detailed Visual Morphology Measurements from Volunteers and Deep Learning for 314,000 Galaxies and remain subject to their original data-use policy and required acknowledgements.

# Embeddings Citation
```
@misc{koblischke2025semantic,
      title={Semantic search for 100M+ galaxy images using AI-generated captions}, 
      author={Nolan Koblischke and Liam Parker and Francois Lanusse and Irina Espejo Morales and Jo Bovy and Shirley Ho},
      year={2025},
      eprint={2512.11982},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={astro-ph.IM},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.11982}, 
}
```

# GZ-DECaLS Dataset Citation
```
@dataset{walmsley_mike_2020_4573248,
  author       = {Walmsley, Mike and
                  Lintott, Chris and
                  Tobias, Geron and
                  Kruk, Sandor J and
                  Krawczyk, Coleman and
                  Willett, Kyle and
                  Bamford, Steven and
                  Kelvin, Lee S and
                  Fortson, Lucy and
                  Gal, Yarin and
                  Keel, William and
                  Masters, Karen and
                  Mehta, Vihang and
                  Simmons, Brooke and
                  Smethurst, Rebecca J and
                  Smith, Lewis and
                  Baeten, Elisabeth M L and
                  Macmillan, Christine},
  title        = {{Galaxy Zoo DECaLS: Detailed Visual Morphology 
                   Measurements from Volunteers and Deep Learning for
                   314,000 Galaxies}},
  month        = dec,
  year         = 2020,
  publisher    = {Zenodo},
  version      = {0.0.2},
  doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.4573248},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4573248}
}

```