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application rules and requirements: rules and requirements associated to MEC applications, such as required resources, maximum latency, required or useful services, traffic rules, DNS rules, mobility support, etc. B Void. C client application: application software running on a device e. g. UE, laptop with internet con... |
L lawful interception: action based on the law , performed by a network operator service provider access provider, of making available certain information and providing that information to a law enforcement monitoring facility lifecycle management: set of functions required to manage the instantiation, maintenance and... |
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MEC service: service provided via the MEC platform either by the MEC platform itself or by a MEC application MEC system: collection of MEC hosts and MEC management necessary to run MEC applications MEC system level management: management components which have the overview of the complete MEC system mobile edge applicat... |
1 network operator: entity that provides a network for the provision of telecommunications services NOTE: If the same entity also offers services it also becomes the service provider. O Q Void. R resource: object with a type, associated data, a set of methods that operate on it, and, if applicable, relationships to ... |
T Void. U user application: MEC application that is instantiated in the MEC system in response to a request from a user via a device application user context: application specific runtime data maintained by the MEC application, which is associated with a user of that application User Equipment UE : mobile equipment us... |
GR Group Report GRE Generic Routing Encapsulation GS Group Specification GSM Global System for Mobile communications GSMA GSM Association GTP GPRS Tunnelling Protocol GTP U GPRS Tunnelling Protocol User plane GW Gateway H J HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol HTTPS HTTP over TLS IETF Internet Engineering Task Force I... |
PLMN Public Land Mobile Network QCI Quality Class Indicator QoE Quality of Experience QoS Quality of Service R RAN Radio Access Network reconfig reconfiguration ref reference req request REST REpresentational State Transfer RFC Request For Comments RNI Radio Network Information RNIS Radio Network Information Service RP... |
Annex A: Change History Date Version Information about changes July 2021 3. 0. 1 Base line for phase 3 August 2021 3. 0. 2 MEC 21 000363 MEC001 add some term definitions MEC 21 000365 MEC001 add some abbreviations October 2021 3. 0. 3 MEC 21 000483 MEC001 prepare for stable MEC 21 000490r1 MEC001 capturing short expre... |
3GPP TS 22. 226 version 18. 0. 1 Release 18 10 3GPP TR 21. 905: Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications . 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3. 1 Definitions Total Conversation: A service offering standardised simultaneous text, video and voice conversation or a subset thereof. Host environment : The session environment whe... |
4 High level Requirements The following list gives the high level requirements of the GTT. These are requirements which are independent of the user s perception of the feature: Service definition Global Text shall provide a real time conversational text feature. A general definition is found in Recommendation ITU T ... |
3GPP TS 22. 226 version 18. 0. 1 Release 18 Global Text Telephone mechanisms shall provide the capability to support current and evolving text telephony and text conversation features by re using existing standards as far as possible and proposing extensions as necessary to existing standards i. e. the global text t... |
5 General Requirements Network operators have many differing requirements, and GTT shall be supported in the network in a manner which allows network operators to consider different configurations depending on their network and commercial requirements. Thus, an identified set of functionalities and protocols shall be s... |
3GPP TS 22. 226 version 18. 0. 1 Release 18 Note: There is no requirement for GTT feature specific subscription, but for normal GTT calls a subscription for telephony is required. For emergency GTT call no subscription of any kind is required. Session start up delay and loss of initial characters should be minimise... |
The mode selected for text conversation IP Multimedia, CS Multimedia, Voice path etc. shall be determined according to a prioritised procedure. Modes allowing simultaneous voice and text shall by default have higher priority, while the user shall be given opportunities to prioritise text only modes. The default ord... |
This requirement enables smooth interworking with minimal loss of functionality between different text conversation environments. The allowed limitations in character set support specified in ITU T T. 140 shall be obeyed, so that two terminals always have a minimum common character set available for conversation. Figur... |
3GPP TS 22. 226 version 18. 0. 1 Release 18 ANNE EVE Hi, this is Anne. Yes, have you heard that I will come to Paris in November? Oh, hello Anne, I am glad you are calling! It was long since we met! No, that was new to me. What brings you here? Figure 2: A possible way to display a conversation with one window each Dis... |
It can be expected that the subscriber will need to specifically subscribe to this service and no access to the GTT service will be possible if the visited network does not support the appropriate VHE toolkit. It should also be noted that emergency calls bypass most VHE toolkits, therefore emergency calls will require ... |
3GPP TS 22. 226 version 18. 0. 1 Release 18 8 External Interfaces 8. 1 External interfaces in the terminal It shall be possible to control and operate GTT from external digital devices, e. g, portable computers. For this purpose interfaces shall be standardised between the terminal and such external digital devices. It... |
18 6 . IP text telephones, using IP multimedia protocols and text according to ITU T T. 140 4 . IP conversational multimedia terminals using IP multimedia protocols with text according to ITU T T. 140 4 . CS multimedia with text according to ITU T T. 140 4 . There is no requirement that the host environment c... |
3GPP TS 22. 226 version 18. 0. 1 Release 18 External User Equipment interface specifications should enable both GTT and MMS text handling functions to be placed in the same device. Note: In order to fulfil the requirement to give a consistent view of the feature from different access points, it may be of interest to ... |
Establishment of the relay service itself is outside the scope of GTT. GTT shall enable addition of a relay service to the call. The relay service terminates the text path, and translates between text and voice. Addressing the destination and requesting support from the relay service should be possible to do in one ope... |
3GPP TS 22. 226 version 18. 0. 1 Release 18 Annex A informative : Background Text telephone systems were implemented mainly for distant conversation with deaf, hard of hearing, speech impaired and deaf blind users. The text telephone systems offer a real time, character by character, conversation in text, optionally c... |
They are also intended for use in gateways, bridging from the fragmented situation in the PSTN, into new services, designed according to the Total Conversation concept. A. 1 Total Conversation Total Conversation adds text conversation to multimedia protocols in a standardised way, so that simultaneous communication in ... |
134 specifies the application entity and T. 125 the data channel for T. 140. 6. Text Telephony in the PSTN using the ITU T V. 18 modem and T. 140 for the presentation without any further transport protocol. A. 2 Interworking Interworking between these forms of Text Conversation can be achieved through the use of gatewa... |
3GPP TS 22. 226 version 18. 0. 1 Release 18 A. 3 Additional services Apart from the basic user to user conversation, the following are examples of important additional services that can be offered text telephone users and Total Conversation users. Emergency services The ability to call to emergency services, announ... |
3GPP TS 22. 226 version 18. 0. 1 Release 18 Annex B informative : Initial requirements This section is informative and specifies the initial requirements that formed the base of definition of GTT. The 3GPP GTT specifications together define what requirements will be met. Most requirements in this chapter are derived f... |
A6: The delay of the speech path shall not exceed that of a normal speech call in that situation by more than 40ms in one way, if the text telephone functionality is activated. Otherwise no additional delay shall occur to the speech signal. The delay of the speech path should not vary during a speech phrase. A7: The de... |
A13: It shall be possible to transmit both, single characters, as well as long text or data strings from file efficiently. A14: The transmission mechanism should provide data flow control to adapt the source data rate when in file transfer mode to the varying radio transmission conditions, in order not to loose dat... |
3GPP TS 22. 226 version 18. 0. 1 Release 18 B. 2 Man Machine Interface MMI These Requirements and Objectives are to some extent depending on implementation and not on the transmission standard. This list shall by no means restrict the innovation capabilities of vendors, but give guidelines and define a minimum set, a... |
B7: Call back from Emergency Call Centres should not require any further user interaction than for any normal voice call except to connect the possible additional equipment new. B8: Call setup to and from other Text Telephone users of the same type according to the new standard should not require any further user in... |
B12: The interface to the possible adapters shall be exactly specified with mandatory interfaces as to allow interaction to existing Text Telephones and the basic access to the mobile phone and optional interfaces as to connect microphone and loudspeaker, the control port of the mobile phones, B. 3 Compatibil... |
3GPP TS 22. 226 version 18. 0. 1 Release 18 C2: The landline party s Text Telephone equipment shall not need modifications or additions in order to be compatible and to achieve the desired error rate TTY FCC 7 . C3: It shall be possible to deploy the Text Telephone standard world wide in all systems based on 3GPP spec... |
3GPP TS 22. 226 version 18. 0. 1 Release 18 B. 5 Referenced consumer requirements In the previous sections of this annex, the TTY FCC requirements refer to the points below. They are formulated in November 1999 as the consumer requirements by the TTY Forum administered by CTIA in USA. The comments are inserted here ... |
The landline party s TTY must not require retrofitting in order to achieve the desired error rate. 8. The wireless party s TTY may require retrofitting, or a new model TTY to be developed, or the use of a portable data terminal such as a personal digital assistant. 9. VCO and HCO should be supported where possible. Com... |
3GPP TS 22. 226 version 18. 0. 1 Release 18 Annex C informative : Change history Document history V. 0. 0. 1 April 2000 First Presented at TSG S1 10th 15th April 00 V. 0. 3. 0 July 2000 Includes changes required by S1 9. V. 0. 3. 1 Aug. 2000 Align with 3GPP doc structure V. 0. 3. 2 Aug. 2000 Comments from Ericsso... |
001 Rel 7 Updated from Rel 6 to Rel 7 6. 0. 0 7. 0. 0 SP 42 Rel 8 Updated from Rel 7 to Rel 8 7. 0. 0 8. 0. 0 SP 46 Updated to Rel 9 by MCC 8. 0. 0 9. 0. 0 2011 03 Update to Rel 10 version MCC 9. 0. 0 10. 0. 0 2012 09 Updated to Rel 11 by MCC 10. 0. 0 11. 0. 0 2014 10 Upd... |
16 Recommendation ITU T G. 8251: The control of jitter and wander within the optical transport network OTN . 17 Recommendation ITU T G. 8201: Error performance parameters and objectives for multi operator international paths within optical transport networks . 18 IEEE 802. 3. 1 : IEEE Standard for Management ... |
7 IETF zheng ccamp yang otn slicing: Framework and Data Model for OTN Network Slicing . i. 8 ITU T Study Group 15 Q11 G. osu: Optical Service Unit OSU path layer network . i. 9 IETF ietf teas enhanced vpn: A Framework for Enhanced Virtual Private Network VPN Services . i. 10 IETF bestbar teas ns packe... |
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations 3. 1 Terms For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply: application list: list of applications and the associated attributes to identify the application in a network element EtherCAT: Ethernet for Control Automation Technology is an Ethernet based... |
L2VPN Layer 2 VPN LAN Local Area Network LSP Link State Protocol MAC Media Access Control MAN Metropolitan Area Network MEF Metro Ethernet Forum MP BGP Multiprotocol Extensions for BGP MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching MS OTN Multi Service OTN NAT Network Address Translation NFV Network Function Virtualisation NMS Net... |
XGS PON 10 Gigabit capable Symmetric PON NOTE: Also known as symmetric 10G PON. YANG Yet Another Next Generation data modelling language 4 Business requirements for network architecture 4. 1 Business requirements overview When implementing a use case, the business requirements may be separated into a Physical Layer, a ... |
Those applications and services for the different markets are ideally supported on the same infrastructure for improved operational efficiency of communication and networking services. This multi service network shall allow flexible and dynamic service creation, development and deployment. F5G Infrastructure Converge... |
Also, enterprise networks are required to support residential oriented methods of working and processes, including on demand ordering of communication services.<|end_of_text|> |
Shift of Broadband Service Requirements: So far, specifically for the residential markets, the services focus on the Internet Access Bandwidth. Also, in the enterprise markets, an important focus is on network bandwidth and reliability. For F5G, the assumption is that bandwidth is no longer the only dimension and that ... |
Integrating artificial intelligence and machine learning mechanisms into the F5G architecture will enable improved efficiency and more accurate network planning in terms of quality and capacity extension. The F5G architecture is a unified architecture, which simplifies the O M of the network. Decoupling the service pla... |
The management plane is now called the Management, Control and Analytics MCA plane; it enables more flexible and more efficient traffic route selection than a fully distributed control plane. NFV uses the virtualization technologies and cloudification to virtualize entire classes of network node functions into functi... |
NFV enables more flexibility to run the network functions and makes it easier to upgrade and enhance network services dynamically. The F5G architecture supports processing elements wherever needed including edge computing. However, the network's primary function is transporting bits at high speed, which means the base ... |
However, certain interdependencies will still exist, specifically in terms of what resources on the underlay can be used to provide a particular service. Also, in the cases of underlay network failures, these may affect the service quality. 5. 1. 4 AI based Control, Management and Analytics Artificial Intelligence shal... |
Figure 1: F5G network architecture The F5G network architecture comprises three planes, an Underlay Plane, a Service Plane and a Management, Control Analytics MCA Plane. Underlay Plane: This is fundamentally the physical network plane, which comprises physical network nodes. The Underlay Plane provides connection... |
There may be multiple paths through different nodes for differentiated SLA tunnel instances in one fabric. Typically, there is only one tunnel instance for a certain SLA. The Access Network connects both IP Ethernet fabric and OTN fabric. The Underlay Plane and the associated network nodes shall support network slicing... |
A Service Access Point SAP provides customer service access. A Service Processing Point SPP performs L1 L2 L3 service processing, which may be enhanced by Edge Computing. A Service Mapping Point SMP is where traffic is directed to proper underlay fabric and channels. An Access Network typically contains SAP, SPP ... |
The SAP and SPP can be scaled independently. The Service Plane can support multiple services with different SLAs. The requirements for deploying services on the Service Plane include connecting endpoints with guaranteed SLAs. The Service Plane shall negotiate resource requirements with the Underlay Plane, which is coor... |
Besides the controllers for Service Plane and Underlay Plane, it also contains Intent Engine and Autonomous Engine: Intent Engine: provides an Intent API for the OSS. The Intent API is an interface similar to natural language, describing what I want . It is abstract and decoupled from specific network configurations... |
AI Engine: it performs reasoning and training using Artificial Intelligence. The Analysing Engine leverages the AI Engine for analytics and reasoning, in order to perform prediction of network failure and usage, and failure identification and analysis. 5. 3 Network topology and interfaces 5. 3. 1 Network Overview The F... |
Provisioning and management of MPLS based VPN is complicated, especially Traffic Engineering TE , which typically needs manual configuration. To improve the flexibility, efficiency and performance of the Aggregation Network in F5G, an OTN network is introduced to complement the IP Ethernet based network and build a fu... |
1 FTTR: for now will be viewed as a black box, it is comprised of CPN Agent labelled as CPN A and customer edge devices labelled E CPE. The FTTR block is for further study. 2 Integrated home Optical Network Termination comprising an adaptation function labelled RG Residential Gateway and an Access Network node labe... |
In the case of premium private line, an OTN CPE O E CPE represents the device that communicates with the OTN edge cross connect on the network side. It is also the aggregation device for enterprise data. The enterprise network labelled CE in Figure 2 and the U' interface demarcates the Access Network. While SDN NFV i... |
Even though the Core Network is not in the scope of the present document, the interfaces between Aggregation Network and Core Network need to be specified in the present document. The interfaces in Figure 2 are described in clause 5. 3. 2. 5. 3. 2 Definition of Interfaces 5. 3. 2. 1 T interface The T interface is the h... |
5. 3. 2. 2 T' interface The T' interface is the handover point between the Enterprise customer devices and the CE. The primary interfaces from of Enterprise devices are Ethernet and Wi Fi 6. However, besides Ethernet and Wi Fi, there might be other types of interfaces such as for telephones connecting to a PBX or legac... |
Figure 3: Protocol stacks on U' interface 5. 3. 2. 6 B interface The B interface is the handover point between the OLT Access Network node and the OTN Edge cross connect OTN Edge XC node. This is an Ethernet interface, which will be mapped over an appropriate OTN container. The protocol stacks on the B interface are ... |
Figure 5: Protocol stacks on V interface 5. 3. 2. 8 Vo interface The Vo interface is the OTN based handover point between OTN Access Network and OTN Aggregation Network. The interface rate is dependent on the OTN bandwidth requirements of this OTN Access Node. The interfaces is either OTUk k 2, 3, 4 for bandwidth r... |
Figure 8: Protocol stacks on A10' interface 5. 3. 3 OTN Control Interfaces In F5G, the OTN network can be used to carry high quality services. To enable the automatic OTN tunnel creation for these services, the OTN control plane shall be enhanced. The OTN control plane is separated from the data plane, and the interfac... |
The F5G management and control system will trigger this signalling process not shown in Figure 6 for simplicity .<|end_of_text|> |
To transmit the signalling messages used to adjust the bandwidth of the OTN network connections. A typical network scenario is the use case for premium home broadband service, supported by connecting to multiple clouds. The OTN Aggregation Network is used to transport the services of multiple users. The bandwidth adjus... |
The C2' interface exists between the E O CPE and the AggN Edge and is mainly applied to the use case of Premium Private Line services see item 7 in Figure 2 . The C2 and C2' interfaces are used to negotiate between and configure the Service Mapping Point SMP in the Service Plane. The C2 and C2' may be different due ... |
The protocol design of the C2 and C2' interfaces are out of the scope of the present document. Since the E O CPE is located on customer's premises, and its security may not be under the control of the network operator, the security aspects of the control interfaces C1, C2' connecting the E O CPE and the nodes in the ... |
Network Slicing is an important feature for F5G networks, which fulfils a set of high level F5G requirements that are summarized below: 1 The F5G system requires guaranteed network service . The motivation for this requirement is that the service performance requirements will be more dynamic and differentiated. The h... |
The network slice instance is characterized by multiple parameters and covers management, control, and forwarding requirements of the services. The network slice instance is an end to end concept. Network Slice Template: The template covers the different parameters of the network slice instance's characteristics. Servi... |
On the data level, each instance has its own isolated data instance. On the resource level, it means isolation which includes tenants having their own basic resources like databases, logs, alarms, and networking resources. There is also soft isolation of resources like buffers, queues, control plane processes, forwardi... |
eFBB Slice High Bandwidth Slice Type GRE Slice Low Latency High Bandwidth and Low Latency Vertical Network Slice Instances Dedicated Network Service Provider A Whole Sale VNO Smart City Industrial Enterprise X Cloud Gaming Online Cloud VR Smart Home Application Industrial Surveillance Medical Imaging Metering Ent... |
The network slice is defined by multiple parameters and covers management, control, and forwarding requirements. 2 A network slice template describes the network slice characteristics. 3 An instance of a network slice that is deployed on a network is referred to as a Network Slice Instance NSI . The network slice in... |
7 A slice includes a data plane component. It consists of end to end logical connections and switching nodes. Logical connections and switching nodes can be classified into three types: shared priority based scheduler, guaranteed resource reservation, and exclusive resource reservation. The switching nodes might inclu... |
Implementing user group slicing simplifies communication network management, improves network communication quality and lays the foundation for differentiated services on a virtualized infrastructure. 2 Service oriented slicing: Service oriented slicing refers to the construction of multiple isolated logical networks ... |
2 For the education scenario, the CPN is exclusive for the education site, and the ODN and PON tree are also exclusive. The OLT, OTN nodes, and the gateway are shared, however. Within the CPN, different applications as e whiteboard and teaching equipment, including PC and projectors, might need to share the CPN and ne... |
Figure 11: Example of Network Slicing 5. 4. 1. 4 F5G Slicing Architecture Figure 12 shows the F5G slicing architecture. Since slicing is end to end at several locations, slicing oriented functionality is needed. This includes the data plane as well as the control and management plane. There are different levels of isol... |
Traffic separation within a slice needs the appropriate handling in the Access Node. 4 Also, in the Access Node and the AggN Edge node, the characteristics of the path and the bearer tunnel used are selected. The traffic is steered to use OTN or IP Ethernet depending on the required service characteristics. 5 In the ... |
6 Slice management deals with the creation removal and monitoring of slice instances. Above the MCA plane are the tenant management systems that manage their tenant services and request slice instances. The northbound interfaces of the MCA plane need to be isolated from each other for management independence. A key as... |
The second layer is the network layer, which provides resource management, configuration management, performance management, and status management for network slices. The data in the network layer includes the predefined network function set, initial resource package, current resource data, and the slice running status... |
The YANG models specified in the IETF are applicable to the ACTN architecture. The IETF ietf ccamp transport nbi app statement i. 4 provides guidelines on how the IETF YANG models are applied on ACTN interfaces for various functionalities including topology learning, tunnel establishment and service delivery. ACTN ... |
7 Wi Fi Slicing In F5G, many of the end user devices in the network are connected to an ONU or Gateway through Wi Fi. Such Wi Fi links in the local area network are service oriented. User traffic is classified with different traffic priority identified by a Traffic IDentifier TID for different service quality require... |
Figure 15 depicts an example of a combination of user group oriented slicing and service oriented slicing. A specific user group uses a specific D Net instance D Net1 and D Net2 . Figure 15 shows 2 D Nets with different performance characteristics. The implementation of the differentiated performance characteristics i... |
When VLANs of multiple user groups are planned in the same scheme, the OLT should allow multiple user groups to share an uplink port. For different user groups, the OLT should be able to allocate bandwidth on the uplink port. Each user group exclusively uses its own bandwidth. The upstream port of the OLT supports traf... |
For service slicing, upstream bandwidth isolation is based on T CONT time sequence on PON ports, and downstream bandwidth isolation is based on Hierarchical QoS H QoS . Resource isolation between service slices includes: LAN port of the ONU Downstream bandwidth of the same OLT PON port Queue resources of the sam... |
In addition to an ODU container, ITU T SG15 Q11 i. 8 is developing an additional OTN container called OSU, which will support all client rates below 1G s. In contrast, the ODU will support client rates above 1Gb s. The OSU will be multiplexed into an ODU for transport through an OTN network. Same as ODU, OSU will be ... |
The VLAN tag and physical port are used to delineate the slice type. The user may join several different slice instances by allocating the appropriate traffic stream to the different OSUs ODUs. These OSUs ODUs are multiplexed into a higher order ODUk and transported via an OTUk to from the E_O_CPE to the edge cross con... |
An important aspect of slicing is its ability to grow or contract depending on the bandwidth requirement of the slice. A slice member can be the originator of the slice formation or may join an existing slice with other members already present. In the latter case, there are two aspects to take into account. Firstly the... |
In bank branches 1, its local OTN CPE maps the client data into two OSUs, similarly in bank branches 2, its local OTN CPE maps the client data into two OSUs. The OSU from bank branches 1 and 2 are carried in an OTU0 to the edge cross connect 2 and 1, respectively. In edge cross connect node 2 bank branches 1 OSUs are m... |
Cloud rendering 1 slice formation is described here, but the same principle applies to Cloud rendering 2 slices. Cloud VR 1 orange is attached to OLT1, while Cloud VR 1 green is attached to OLT2. OLT 1 and 2 redirect Cloud VR 1 orange and Cloud VR 1 green to edge cross connect 1 and 2, respectively, where Cloud... |
Enterprise 1 E1 data is mapped into a brown OSU, while Enterprise 2 E2 data is mapped into a yellow OSU. E1's OSU brown is carried to the edge cross connect node 2 in an OTU0, and E2's OSU yellow is carried to the edge cross connect node 1 in an OTU0. In edge cross connect node 2, E1 OSU brown is multiplexed i... |
Figure 16: An example illustrating different OTN slices 5. 4. 1. 10 IP AggN Slicing In the present clause, the F5G application area for IP networking is the aggregation network segment implemented by an IP fabric. The SMP on the access network directs traffic to the IP fabric, which needs to support F5G end to end slic... |
Dynamic Changes, VPNs need to be created, modified, and removed from the network according to service demands. Customized Control and Management of the IP fabric. There are several candidate data plane technologies that provide the required IP isolation and guarantees, and they are: Deterministic Networking: Determ... |
MPLS Traffic Engineering MPLS TE : MPLS TE, described in IETF RFC 2702 i. 13 and IETF RFC 3209 i. 14 , introduces the concept of reserving end to end bandwidth for a TE LSP, which can be used to provide a point to point Virtual Transport Path VTP across the underlay network to support VPNs. Segment Routing: Seg... |
15 that retain their original forwarding semantics, but with the additional semantics to identify the set of network resources available for the packet processing action. The resource aware SIDs can therefore be used to build SR paths or virtual networks with a set of reserved network resources. The proposed mechanis... |
For example, a video enthusiast tenant focuses on the bandwidth, latency and packet loss rate of the service links and a production enterprise tenants focuses on link latency, reliability and isolation for privacy. Nodes connecting to the Service Access Point SAP need to be capable of identifying available slice type... |
Figure 17: Traffic Steering Functional Overview Figure 17 shows the functions related to traffic steering in the F5G architecture. Traffic steering consists of two parts: First, the Management, Control and Analytics MCA plane, which consists of traffic steering related functions, which interact with each other and wi... |
It also interacts with the slice management function in the case of slice update requests or optimizations, and it may expose an interface to other entities being involved in traffic steering decisions. Additionally, it interacts with the subscription management function in terms of authorization, service subscriptions... |
The decision about whether a slice is needed is an operator decision. Tenant Access Control Traffic Identification QoS Traffic Marking Access Network Network Element NE Traffic Steering Slice Bandwidth Management Aggregation Network Slice Traffic Scheduling Management, Control and Analytics MCA Plane Subscription M... |
5. 4. 2. 2. 3 Access Network Element Based Functions Tenant Access Control: A tenant or user needs to get authorization to access a network service, which means the tenant or user and its devices need to be authenticated. Additionally the tenant needs to get authorization to use a particular service. In the case of a... |
The identification policies for Access Nodes could, for example, be based on tenant VLAN IDs or tenant IP addresses. The information used for identification may be elements such as Line ID, or other logical Access Network information, such as VLAN ID, GEM Port ID, ONU Serial Number, CPE MAC address, IP addresses, IP 5 ... |
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