This is because exploration , assessment , and repair are carried out in succession .


Therefore , regarding this work progress , to repair this road section in the shortest time , um , this will depend on the work progress .


Uh-huh .


This is because repair is probably not a matter of repairing the road surface alone .


There is also an issue with many of the pipes below .


Yes , the pipes below .


Right , as it is winter , we know that carrying out construction during winter , especially that which requires pouring concrete and then --


Moreover , it is especially difficult for concrete to set during winter .


Yes , preparation mix for making it dry faster , has already been added .


But in the end , it requires time .


Hence , it depends very much on factors like temperature .


Just now , you mentioned that there are many pipes , ah , for instance , there is a key heating pipeline .


The first thing is to ensure that it is connected in time .


Yes .


In addition , waste discharge is also very important .


Waste discharged has currently blocked this up .


Um , and , for instance , optical fibers , ah .


Er , right now , if the optical fibers break , people in many households will not be able to watch television .


At present , we should not have a problem with watching television .


They are not broken .


It is just that , as the other pipes have to be repaired , the optical fibers have to be rearranged , to be hung up it seems .


After that , or it seems that a few steel pipes have been added below to make it safer to walk across this section .


Furthermore , let 's take water pipes as an example .


Because they were exposed , The water pipes were not --


after that , yes , these were not damaged .


they were not damaged and this is quite normal .


Um , there is no problem with water supply .


Okay , well , today both of you have come to the studio and given us a lot of specific details concerning this road cave - in accident in Beijing Municipality .

Okay , well , <date>today</date> both of you have come to the studio and given us a lot of specific details concerning this road cave - in accident in <gpe>Beijing Municipality</gpe> .


At the same time , you have also analyzed , from a system perspective , how the government has reinforced emergency contingency plans to handle such public emergency cases .


Okay , thank you very much , Professor Zhou and Yang Yang , for coming to the studio to participate in our program .

Okay , thank you very much , Professor <person>Zhou</person> and <person>Yang Yang</person> , for coming to the studio to participate in our program .


Thank you , both of you .


Okay , dear viewers , that is all for today 's edition of Focus Today .

Okay , dear viewers , that is all for <date>today</date> 's edition of <org>Focus Today</org> .


Thank you for watching .


See you at the same time tomorrow .

See you at <time>the same time tomorrow</time> .


Hello .


Let 's turn our attention to the weather .


Today , we can use two words to summarize the weather in our country .

<date>Today</date> , we can use two words to summarize the weather in our country .


First , there will be a temperature drop over a large area , and next , there will be rainfall and snowfall in an extensive area as well .

<ordinal>First</ordinal> , there will be a temperature drop over a large area , and next , there will be rainfall and snowfall in an extensive area as well .


We see that except for some areas of South China , Southwest China , and Northeast China , many other places will be experiencing temperature drops .

We see that except for some areas of <loc>South China</loc> , <loc>Southwest China</loc> , and <loc>Northeast China</loc> , many other places will be experiencing temperature drops .


In addition , there will be snowfall in the area from Northwest China to the Huang - Huai area through southern North China .

In addition , there will be snowfall in the area from <loc>Northwest China</loc> to the <gpe>Huang</gpe> - Huai area through southern <loc>North China</loc> .


The east of Southwest China , as well as the Jiang - Huai area and the area south of the Yangtze River , will experience continuous rainfall .

The east of <loc>Southwest China</loc> , as well as the <gpe>Jiang</gpe> - Huai area and the area south of <loc>the Yangtze River</loc> , will experience continuous rainfall .


However , southern North China and the Huang - Huai area will bid farewell to the snow tonight , ah .

However , southern <loc>North China</loc> and the <gpe>Huang</gpe> - Huai area will bid farewell to the snow <time>tonight</time> , ah .


Tomorrow during the day , snowfall in the Jiang - Huai area will stop , and there will also be less snow in Northwest China .

<time>Tomorrow during the day</time> , snowfall in the <gpe>Jiang</gpe> - Huai area will stop , and there will also be less snow in <loc>Northwest China</loc> .


In addition , there will be rain throughout almost the whole of South China .

In addition , there will be rain throughout almost the whole of <loc>South China</loc> .


It can be said that there will be less snow in the north and heavier rain in the south tomorrow .

It can be said that there will be less snow in the north and heavier rain in the south <date>tomorrow</date> .


Furthermore , temperatures tomorrow in many places south of the Huai River will fall by between four and ten degrees .

Furthermore , temperatures <date>tomorrow</date> in many places south of <loc>the Huai River</loc> will fall by between <cardinal>four</cardinal> and <quantity>ten degrees</quantity> .


Okay , let 's check out the city weather forecasts .


Beijing , overcast changing to sunny , 9 degrees below zero to 2 degrees below zero .

<gpe>Beijing</gpe> , overcast changing to sunny , <quantity>9 degrees below zero</quantity> to <quantity>2 degrees below zero</quantity> .


Harbin , sunny , 26 degrees below zero to 16 degrees below zero .

<gpe>Harbin</gpe> , sunny , <quantity>26 degrees below zero</quantity> to <quantity>16 degrees below zero</quantity> .


Shijiazhuang , overcast changing to mostly cloudy , 9 degrees below zero to 1 degree below zero .

<gpe>Shijiazhuang</gpe> , overcast changing to mostly cloudy , <quantity>9 degrees below zero</quantity> to <quantity>1 degree below zero</quantity> .


Jinan , overcast changing to mostly cloudy , 9 degrees below zero to 1 degree below zero .

<gpe>Jinan</gpe> , overcast changing to mostly cloudy , <quantity>9 degrees below zero</quantity> to <quantity>1 degree below zero</quantity> .


Nanjing , sleet changing to overcast , 3 degrees below zero to 3 degrees .

<gpe>Nanjing</gpe> , sleet changing to overcast , <quantity>3 degrees below zero</quantity> to <quantity>3 degrees</quantity> .


Hangzhou , sleet changing to overcast , to 4 degrees .

<gpe>Hangzhou</gpe> , sleet changing to overcast , to <quantity>4 degrees</quantity> .


Fuzhou , light rain , 11 to 18 degrees .

<gpe>Fuzhou</gpe> , light rain , <cardinal>11</cardinal> to <quantity>18 degrees</quantity> .


Taipei , cloudy changing to showers , 13 to 19 degrees .

<gpe>Taipei</gpe> , cloudy changing to showers , <cardinal>13</cardinal> to <quantity>19 degrees</quantity> .


Dalian , sunny , 11 degrees below zero to 5 degrees below zero .

<gpe>Dalian</gpe> , sunny , <quantity>11 degrees below zero</quantity> to <quantity>5 degrees below zero</quantity> .


Wuxi , sleet changing to cloudy , 1 degree below zero to 3 degrees .

<gpe>Wuxi</gpe> , sleet changing to cloudy , <quantity>1 degree below zero</quantity> to <quantity>3 degrees</quantity> .


Changzhou , moderate snow to light snow , 3 degrees below zero to 3 degrees .

<gpe>Changzhou</gpe> , moderate snow to light snow , <quantity>3 degrees below zero</quantity> to <quantity>3 degrees</quantity> .


Bangkok , cloudy , 26 to 35 degrees .

<gpe>Bangkok</gpe> , cloudy , <cardinal>26</cardinal> to <quantity>35 degrees</quantity> .


New Dehli , sunny , 6 to 19 degrees .

<gpe>New Dehli</gpe> , sunny , <cardinal>6</cardinal> to <quantity>19 degrees</quantity> .


Seoul , overcast changing to mostly cloudy , 8 degrees below zero to 3 degrees below zero .

<gpe>Seoul</gpe> , overcast changing to mostly cloudy , <quantity>8 degrees below zero</quantity> to <quantity>3 degrees below zero</quantity> .


Tokyo , overcast , 1 to 6 degrees .

<gpe>Tokyo</gpe> , overcast , <cardinal>1</cardinal> to <quantity>6 degrees</quantity> .


London , overcast changing to light rain , 2 to 6 degrees .

<gpe>London</gpe> , overcast changing to light rain , <cardinal>2</cardinal> to <quantity>6 degrees</quantity> .


Moscow , cloudy , 18 degrees below zero to 13 degrees below zero .

<gpe>Moscow</gpe> , cloudy , <quantity>18 degrees below zero</quantity> to <quantity>13 degrees below zero</quantity> .


Paris , overcast , 1 to 4 degrees .

<gpe>Paris</gpe> , overcast , <cardinal>1</cardinal> to <quantity>4 degrees</quantity> .


Vienna , moderate snow , 1 degree below zero to 1 degree .

<gpe>Vienna</gpe> , moderate snow , <quantity>1 degree below zero</quantity> to <quantity>1 degree</quantity> .


New York , light rain , 1 to 3 degrees .

<gpe>New York</gpe> , light rain , <cardinal>1</cardinal> to <quantity>3 degrees</quantity> .


Seattle , light rain , 4 to 7 degrees .

<gpe>Seattle</gpe> , light rain , <cardinal>4</cardinal> to <quantity>7 degrees</quantity> .


Washington , cloudy , 2 to 6 degrees .

<gpe>Washington</gpe> , cloudy , <cardinal>2</cardinal> to <quantity>6 degrees</quantity> .


Tips for Getting through Middle Age


-LRB- Laura Li / photos by Hsueh Chi - kuang / tr. by Jonathan Barnard -RRB-

-LRB- <person>Laura Li</person> / photos by <person>Hsueh Chi - kuang</person> / tr. by <person>Jonathan Barnard</person> -RRB-


Middle age and the changes it brings are like a revolving door .


Many people peacefully go through it , growing wiser and losing their rough edges .


A minority do n't know whether to advance or retreat and get caught in it like a trap .


Middle age is a time where one wears more hats than at any other time in one 's life , when one 's responsibilities are heaviest .


As a result , the crises experienced by a minority of middle - aged people can involve a lot of other people , so their impact can not be overlooked .


Middle age , those years between 40 and 60 , is both the time of life of greatest glory and the time of life that 's easiest to overlook .

Middle age , <date>those years between 40 and 60</date> , is both the time of life of greatest glory and the time of life that 's easiest to overlook .


In comparison to youth or old age , the middle years are often thought of as the time when power , ability , wealth , and physical strength are all at or near their peak , so that one has no excuse for feeling melancholy .


Even if there are problems , it is commonly thought that one should be able to resolve them by oneself , notes Chiu Chia - li , director of the Hwo Chyuan Pastoral Counseling Center , who has worked on many middle - aged cases .

Even if there are problems , it is commonly thought that one should be able to resolve them by oneself , notes <person>Chiu Chia - li</person> , director of <org>the Hwo Chyuan Pastoral Counseling Center</org> , who has worked on many middle - aged cases .


Social bias makes many of the middle aged afraid to discuss their problems .


This is particularly the case for men , who generally find it difficult to talk about their feelings .


But by keeping everything inside , they may cause irreparable harm to their health .


In recent years cancer , sudden death and suicide have become all too common during middle age , which shows that the psychological problems of the middle - aged should not be overlooked .


How do you safely pass through the changes of the middle years ?


Here are a few suggestions :


1. Live well at every stage of life

<cardinal>1.</cardinal> Live well at every stage of life


Li Liang - che , a professor of psychology at National Chengchi University , looks at the question from the angle of developmental psychology .

<person>Li Liang - che</person> , a professor of psychology at <org>National Chengchi University</org> , looks at the question from the angle of developmental psychology .


He points out that the path of life is continuous : everyone moves from infancy and childhood , to youth and middle age .


Smoothly passing through any period of life helps make getting through the next period easier .


In other words , the people most at risk during middle age are those who have had difficulties earlier in life .


Foreign research shows that those with high social and economic status and with ample financial resources bear up better during crisis and have more ways to get out of trouble .


Is it too late to start talking about these problems when you are already middle - aged ?


Chang Der - chung , an associate professor in the Department of Living Science at National Open University who worked at a counseling hotline for over a decade , argues that any step in the right direction is worthwhile , no matter when you start .

<person>Chang Der - chung</person> , an associate professor in the <org>Department of Living Science at National Open University</org> who worked at a counseling hotline for <date>over a decade</date> , argues that any step in the right direction is worthwhile , no matter when you start .


Middle - aged problems are rather predictable , and they 're not hard to avoid .


Are you worried that your marriage is growing stale ?


Then no matter how busy you are , you 've got to set aside some time to be with your spouse .


Are you worried about losing your job ?


Then start developing a second skill and get into the habit of saving and managing your money .

Then start developing a <ordinal>second</ordinal> skill and get into the habit of saving and managing your money .


Are you worried about how to care for your parents when they get old and sick ?


Then spend more time with them , and encourage them to get more exercise and take care of themselves .


There are so many things to be concerned about during middle age that you had better get an early start .


Otherwise , you 'll end up being overwhelmed .


2. Start over


In China it used to be said that middle age was the period when one was " heir to the ancient sages and the teacher of posterity . "

In <gpe>China</gpe> it used to be said that middle age was the period when one was " heir to the ancient sages and the teacher of posterity . "


But now times are changing so fast that perhaps the lessons of past experience are no longer suitable for solving today 's problems .


To assume a posture of superiority based on one 's seniority will make one despised .


Hence , it is necessary to cast aside one 's old self and start over .


Chiu notes that many middle - aged who have worked diligently for years to attain management positions look down on the younger generation for being reckless and disorganized , but they do n't realize that creativity and energy may be ready to explode from underneath these flaws .

<person>Chiu</person> notes that many middle - aged who have worked diligently for years to attain management positions look down on the younger generation for being reckless and disorganized , but they do n't realize that creativity and energy may be ready to explode from underneath these flaws .


Stuck in the past and full of bitterness , they may end up getting discarded onto the scrap heap of history .


With each new era , role models change .


Until the new role models have been established , it is important to maintain flexibility .


For instance , today 's middle - aged Chinese women are the first to have obtained advanced degrees and to have come in contact with the women 's liberation movement .

For instance , today 's middle - aged <norp>Chinese</norp> women are the first to have obtained advanced degrees and to have come in contact with the women 's liberation movement .


They set high expectations for themselves , but their disappointments are likewise large .


Many women are torn between conflicting desires : to be good homemakers like their mothers and to have successful careers like their fathers .


Their candles are burning at both ends , because they are trying to live up to two old role models rather than establishing a new one for themselves .

Their candles are burning at both ends , because they are trying to live up to <cardinal>two</cardinal> old role models rather than establishing a new one for themselves .


Then there are men who insist upon being strict fathers and disciplinarians or staying at the same company until they retire .


And there are women who are determined to play the role of the traditional Chinese wife and mother .

And there are women who are determined to play the role of the traditional <norp>Chinese</norp> wife and mother .


Ignoring the changing times , they place tremendous pressure on themselves .


3. Turn the focus from outside to inside

<cardinal>3.</cardinal> Turn the focus from outside to inside


Life is a process that moves from the " outward " to the " inward , " says Alice Lu , director of the International Family Life Education Center , getting to the heart of the matter .

Life is a process that moves from the " outward " to the " inward , " says <person>Alice Lu</person> , director of <org>the International Family Life Education Center</org> , getting to the heart of the matter .


Lu explains that as children people yearn for the affection of their parents ; as adolescents they want the affirmation of their peers ; and as adults , they set their sights on educational qualifications , finding a good job , making money , marrying a good spouse and so forth .

<person>Lu</person> explains that as children people yearn for the affection of their parents ; as adolescents they want the affirmation of their peers ; and as adults , they set their sights on educational qualifications , finding a good job , making money , marrying a good spouse and so forth .


Everyone puts the emphasis on outward manifestations of success , and this emphasis on the glitter of outward achievement continues up to middle age .


" By middle age , people have gotten from the outside world just about all they can , " says Lu .

" By middle age , people have gotten from the outside world just about all they can , " says <person>Lu</person> .


" What they have n't attained yet they probably wo n't attain ever , so it 's not worth getting all worked up about it .


This is the time of life when the doubts set in . "


Many middle - aged people begin to ask themselves , " Is this really what I want ?


What has been the point of all my hard striving ? "


When the doubts come , some people continue trying to find answers from outside , thinking that everything would be fine if they could just change jobs or wives !


But then they rashly switch jobs or foolishly get involved in an affair only to find that they 've just made things worse .


" In middle age you start to listen to what 's going on inside , " says Lu .

" In middle age you start to listen to what 's going on inside , " says <person>Lu</person> .


" It 's the time of life when you start to hone your skills at conversing with your soul . "


People ask themselves : Am I truly happy ?


Do I like the person I see in the mirror ?


Why ?


What dreams can I pursue ?


At this point , there is no longer any need to try to measure oneself against outside standards .


Instead it 's more important to accept oneself and attempt to find an inner balance .


" One need not compare one 's inner achievements with those of other people , " notes Chiu .

" One need not compare one 's inner achievements with those of other people , " notes <person>Chiu</person> .


Everyone 's circumstances and personalities are different , and they place different expectations on themselves .


It 's not a matter of being better or worse than anyone else , and there 's no need to follow the currents of fashion .


Everyone is unique .


Morris Chang was in his fifties when he became an entrepreneur and founded Taiwan Semiconductor .

<person>Morris Chang</person> was in his fifties when he became an entrepreneur and founded <org>Taiwan Semiconductor</org> .


Many others at the same time in life have opted to take early retirement and find a guru in India , work as a volunteer , or do whatever else they want to do .

Many others at the same time in life have opted to take early retirement and find a guru in <gpe>India</gpe> , work as a volunteer , or do whatever else they want to do .


In the modern age when people value different things , you can find a purely personal kind of happiness and success .


4. Realistically strive for one 's dreams

<cardinal>4.</cardinal> Realistically strive for one 's dreams


When focusing inward , many dreams that have long been discarded will end up floating to the surface .


At such times , one should remember to ask oneself three questions :

At such times , one should remember to ask oneself <cardinal>three</cardinal> questions :


" What do I want ? " " What can I do ? " And " What must I do and have ? "


Chang Der - chung reminds people to think clearly about their needs , and then think about the costs .

<person>Chang Der - chung</person> reminds people to think clearly about their needs , and then think about the costs .


Will meeting these personal needs necessarily come into conflict with meeting one 's responsibilities ?


Is there some way that the two can be accomplished simultaneously ?


When facing problems at work in Taiwan , many people decide to change careers or even to pursue their fortunes in mainland China or Southeast Asia .

When facing problems at work in <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> , many people decide to change careers or even to pursue their fortunes in mainland <gpe>China</gpe> or <loc>Southeast Asia</loc> .


Pursuing some dream of really making it big , many men use up their savings , leaving their wives as the sole source of family support and suffering loneliness in a foreign land .


There 's no right or wrong here , and there 's no way to guarantee a venture will be successful , but beforehand one must at least be realistic and prepare oneself psychologically for all possible outcomes , so that one wo n't suffer losses larger than one can bear .


" It is indeed the case that when one is young , one 's quiver is full of arrows and opportunities abound , so that one can shoot at will , " says Chang by way of analogy .

" It is indeed the case that when one is young , one 's quiver is full of arrows and opportunities abound , so that one can shoot at will , " says <person>Chang</person> by way of analogy .


" Once you get into middle age , you 've got to make every arrow count . "


Chang explains that everyone has dreams , and that continually working toward those dreams is an excellent method of relieving stress at any age .

<person>Chang</person> explains that everyone has dreams , and that continually working toward those dreams is an excellent method of relieving stress at any age .


Middle - aged people have heavy burdens , and sometimes they may feel as if they are suffocating under them .


" But accomplishing a lot of little changes can bring about a big change . "


If you make an effort to do what you can , you will immediately find that your burdens have been lightened .


Chang cites this example : Say you hate being tied up by your work , and would like to go back to school .

<person>Chang</person> cites this example : Say you hate being tied up by your work , and would like to go back to school .


Why do n't you try a weekend class ?


Maybe that would help to alleviate your anxiety .


Or if you are a housewife , taking care of three generations and resentful that you ca n't go out and get the sense of accomplishment that comes with a full - time job , then maybe you could work as a volunteer in a community organization .

Or if you are a housewife , taking care of <cardinal>three</cardinal> generations and resentful that you ca n't go out and get the sense of accomplishment that comes with a full - time job , then maybe you could work as a volunteer in a community organization .


This would both put you into contact with other people and help you gain a sense of accomplishment .


And you can help to sweat off your middle - aged anxieties by making a habit of regularly exercising .


What 's more , do n't worry too much about time being short .


Remember that most modern people live long lives that can be divided up into many stages .


In middle age , when you discover that your personal desires are coming into conflict with the demands of your family or society , decide which of your problems are the most urgent .


Do n't try to accomplish all of your dreams at once .


Maintain an unhurried frame of mind and peacefully wait for opportunities to present themselves .


5. Change your perspective

<cardinal>5.</cardinal> Change your perspective


In middle age , one 's life is already half over , and one has already amply tasted of life 's fruits , both the bitter and the sweet .


" I am thankful for the bad times , for they have given me more insight into life and a better opportunity to understand myself , " says Lin Hung - kuei , an I - kuan Tao devotee , who has studied the Book of Changes and fengshui .

" I am thankful for the bad times , for they have given me more insight into life and a better opportunity to understand myself , " says <person>Lin Hung - kuei</person> , an I - kuan Tao devotee , who has studied <work_of_art>the Book of Changes</work_of_art> and fengshui .


Taking care of your parents , losing your job , illness and even being cheated out of money can be embraced as opportunities to experience life .


They are lessons that the middle - aged learn from to become more proficient at the art of living .


" By changing perspective , you can understand the insignificance of your problems , " points out Chiu Chia - li .

" By changing perspective , you can understand the insignificance of your problems , " points out <person>Chiu Chia - li</person> .


It is very important to adjust your frame of mind .


You should n't think that there is only one way that you can be .


As long as you can accept yourself , then everything is all right .


As for losing your job in middle age , some people make NT$ 100,000 and it 's not enough .

As for losing your job in middle age , some people make <money>NT$ 100,000</money> and it 's not enough .


Other's find that NT$ 20,000 is more than enough to support the family .

Other's find that <money>NT$ 20,000</money> is more than enough to support the family .


The problem is that by insisting on making NT$ 100,000 a month , you may pass by a suitable job that pays NT$ 20,000 .

The problem is that by insisting on making <money>NT$ 100,000</money> a month , you may pass by a suitable job that pays <money>NT$ 20,000</money> .


Chang also notes that when people come to forks in the road when they reach middle age , they may look around in all directions and feel at a loss , but they 've got to encourage themselves to keep pressing ahead .

<person>Chang</person> also notes that when people come to forks in the road when they reach middle age , they may look around in all directions and feel at a loss , but they 've got to encourage themselves to keep pressing ahead .


" Even if you feel uncertain , it should be a positive feeling of uncertainty . "


At the very least , you 've got to work hard at establishing a sense of direction .


When Li Liang - che starts feeling sorry for himself , he uses the age - old method of considering those who are even worse off .

When <person>Li Liang - che</person> starts feeling sorry for himself , he uses the age - old method of considering those who are even worse off .


Those people who are always complaining about their lot in life should take a walk around a cancer ward , " Li says .

Those people who are always complaining about their lot in life should take a walk around a cancer ward , " <person>Li</person> says .


Then they 'll realize how lucky they are . "


Chiu Chia - li , on the other hand , encourages the middle - aged not to close themselves off .

<person>Chiu Chia - li</person> , on the other hand , encourages the middle - aged not to close themselves off .


They must get out and make friends , so as to get things off their chests and find support from each other .


This makes it easier to get through the bad times .


Finally , there is something that may seem a little cliched but is often very useful - namely the realization that things will get better , that tomorrow is another day .


" Whether you are depressed or going berserk , it 's important to remember that hormones are raging inside the bodies of the middle - aged , " says Chang .

" Whether you are depressed or going berserk , it 's important to remember that hormones are raging inside the bodies of the middle - aged , " says <person>Chang</person> .


Much like rebellious adolescents , they may merely need to pass through into another stage for the sky to become blue again .


Do n't give up hope too early , and do n't be afraid of asking for assistance .


When you feel at a loss emotionally , the experts will be able to help .


p. 18


The shackles of midlife make middle - aged steps heavy .


How can one escape from one 's commitments to snatch half a day of freedom , and appreciate the world from a new perspective ?

How can one escape from one 's commitments to snatch <time>half a day</time> of freedom , and appreciate the world from a new perspective ?


p. 20


-LRB- facing page -RRB-


The middle - aged have dreams .


If built on a solid foundation , they can make life more enjoyable and fulfilling .


p. 22


Is life getting you down ?


Go into the crowd , find things to do , and you will rediscover a sense of the value of life .


Dongguan Gets Down to Business Taiwan Firms Embrace a Cantonese Boomtown

<gpe>Dongguan</gpe> Gets Down to Business <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> Firms Embrace a <norp>Cantonese</norp> Boomtown


From Hong Kong 's airport , you can go straight to Dongguan on a Global Express bus .

From <gpe>Hong Kong 's</gpe> airport , you can go straight to <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> on a <org>Global Express</org> bus .


With 27 departures a day , these buses run by a Taiwan firm out of Dongguan take Taiwan expats to their adopted home , which boasts the largest concentration of Taiwan firms in the PRC .

With <cardinal>27</cardinal> departures a day , these buses run by a <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firm out of <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> take <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> expats to their adopted home , which boasts the largest concentration of <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms in the <gpe>PRC</gpe> .


Invoking the Taiwanese business battle cry of " victory to those who strive the hardest , " 20,000 - 30,000 Taiwan expats in Dongguan have in little more than a decade turned a county of banana and lichee plantations into a big city with exports behind only Shenzhen 's and Shanghai 's .

Invoking the <norp>Taiwanese</norp> business battle cry of " victory to those who strive the hardest , " <cardinal>20,000</cardinal> - <cardinal>30,000</cardinal> <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> expats in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> have in little more than a decade turned a county of banana and lichee plantations into a big city with exports behind only <gpe>Shenzhen</gpe> 's and <gpe>Shanghai</gpe> 's .


How has Dongguan , this rising economic star , done it ?

How has <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> , this rising economic star , done it ?


What mix of sad and happy tales about Taiwan firms does this city have to tell ?

What mix of sad and happy tales about <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms does this city have to tell ?


It 's 10:00 at night , but the city of Dongguan in Guangdong Province is still hopping .

It 's <time>10:00 at night</time> , but the city of <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> in <gpe>Guangdong Province</gpe> is still hopping .


Cars clocking 80 kilometers an hour zip along roads that reveal hardly a trace of the farming villages that they linked not long ago .

Cars clocking <quantity>80 kilometers an hour</quantity> zip along roads that reveal hardly a trace of the farming villages that they linked not long ago .


Taiwanese business people here run their factories like they drive their cars , in high gear .

<norp>Taiwanese</norp> business people here run their factories like they drive their cars , in high gear .


The factories are lit up at night for overtime shifts .


" We do n't take much of a break for the Chinese New Year 's holidays , " says Andrew Yeh , chairman of Dongguan 's Powin Electric , which makes cable for the telecoms industry .

" We do n't take much of a break for the <event>Chinese New Year 's</event> holidays , " says <person>Andrew Yeh</person> , chairman of <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> 's <org>Powin Electric</org> , which makes cable for the telecoms industry .


" By the morning of the third day we start up again with three shifts , just like any other day .

" By <date>the morning of the third day</date> we start up again with <cardinal>three</cardinal> shifts , just like any other day .


We ca n't keep up with our orders and have got to squeeze five days of work into every 24 hours . "

We ca n't keep up with our orders and have got to squeeze <date>five days</date> of work into <time>every 24 hours</time> . "


In the busy Fucheng district , you find the Taiwanese bars , covered from door to rooftop with flashing lights

In the busy <gpe>Fucheng</gpe> district , you find the <norp>Taiwanese</norp> bars , covered from door to rooftop with flashing lights


The lights , like the karaoke singing within them , pulsate until dawn no matter the season .


Inside there is a raucous crowd .


A Taiwanese businessman down from Harbin boasts that his auto plant up in the northeast sits on a lot as vast as Taipei City and has a green light to sell on the domestic market .

A <norp>Taiwanese</norp> businessman down from <gpe>Harbin</gpe> boasts that his auto plant up in the northeast sits on a lot as vast as <gpe>Taipei City</gpe> and has a green light to sell on the domestic market .


In another room a Taiwanese businessman based in Dongguan carouses with a party cadre from Yunnan who is trying to attract investment .

In another room a <norp>Taiwanese</norp> businessman based in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> carouses with a party cadre from <gpe>Yunnan</gpe> who is trying to attract investment .


Ju Gao - jeng , a former ROC legislator who now has an academic post in Beijing , is talking to a reporter from Taipei about the ROC presidential elections - a hot topic of conversation on both sides of the Taiwan strait .

<person>Ju Gao - jeng</person> , a former <gpe>ROC</gpe> legislator who now has an academic post in <gpe>Beijing</gpe> , is talking to a reporter from <gpe>Taipei</gpe> about the <gpe>ROC</gpe> presidential elections - a hot topic of conversation on both sides of the <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> strait .


Amid all the merrymaking , one gets a sense of what Shanghai must have been like in the thirties .

Amid all the merrymaking , one gets a sense of what <gpe>Shanghai</gpe> must have been like in <date>the thirties</date> .


In Dongguan at the turn of the 21st century , however , it is the Taiwanese business people who have been playing the leading roles .

In <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> at <date>the turn of the 21st century</date> , however , it is the <norp>Taiwanese</norp> business people who have been playing the leading roles .


High concentration of Taiwan firms

High concentration of <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms


Before the 21st century had even arrived , a bright economic star had risen over southern China .

Before <date>the 21st century</date> had even arrived , a bright economic star had risen over southern <gpe>China</gpe> .


Ever since economic reforms accelerated on the mainland when Deng Xiaoping made a tour of the south in early 1992 , four southern Cantonese cities - Zhongshan , Dongguan , Shunde , and Nanhai - have earned a reputation as the " four tigers " of Guangdong Province .

Ever since economic reforms accelerated on the mainland when <person>Deng Xiaoping</person> made a tour of the south in <date>early 1992</date> , <cardinal>four</cardinal> southern <norp>Cantonese</norp> cities - <gpe>Zhongshan</gpe> , <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> , <gpe>Shunde</gpe> , and <gpe>Nanhai</gpe> - have earned a reputation as the " <cardinal>four</cardinal> tigers " of <gpe>Guangdong Province</gpe> .


Dongguan leads the pack .


" The year before last its total exports were third on the mainland , trailing only Shenzhen 's and Shanghai 's , " says Jiang Suwu , a graduate of Wuhan University 's Chinese department who came south to work in the planning department of a Taiwan firm in Dongguan .

" <date>The year before last</date> its total exports were <ordinal>third</ordinal> on the mainland , trailing only <gpe>Shenzhen</gpe> 's and <gpe>Shanghai</gpe> 's , " says <person>Jiang Suwu</person> , a graduate of <org>Wuhan University 's</org> <norp>Chinese</norp> department who came south to work in the planning department of a <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firm in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> .


" It had more than 15,000 foreign , Taiwan , and Hong Kong firms , and economic growth for that year reached 26 % . "

" It had <cardinal>more than 15,000</cardinal> foreign , <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> , and <gpe>Hong Kong</gpe> firms , and economic growth for <date>that year</date> reached <percent>26 %</percent> . "


In ancient times Dongguan was covered with lichee plantations whose fruit was favored by the imperial consort Yang Guifei .

In ancient times <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> was covered with lichee plantations whose fruit was favored by the imperial consort <person>Yang Guifei</person> .


Just a little more than a decade ago Dongguan was still a largely agricultural area , its landscape a patchwork of rice paddies and corn fields .

Just <date>a little more than a decade ago</date> <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> was still a largely agricultural area , its landscape a patchwork of rice paddies and corn fields .


It has since been completely made over into a " boundless industrial park " with an area of 2,520 square kilometers , a population of more than 5 million , and more than 3,000 Taiwan firms .

It has since been completely made over into a " boundless industrial park " with an area of <quantity>2,520 square kilometers</quantity> , a population of <cardinal>more than 5 million</cardinal> , and <cardinal>more than 3,000</cardinal> <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms .


Chang Han - wen , the chairman of the Taiwan Business Association of Dongguan -LRB- TBAD -RRB- , says that development started in the late 1980s .

<person>Chang Han - wen</person> , the chairman of <org>the Taiwan Business Association of Dongguan</org> -LRB- <org>TBAD</org> -RRB- , says that development started in <date>the late 1980s</date> .


Hong Kong firms , with their proximity and fluent Cantonese -LRB- also the local dialect in Dongguan -RRB- , were first .

<gpe>Hong Kong</gpe> firms , with their proximity and fluent <norp>Cantonese</norp> -LRB- also the local dialect in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> -RRB- , were <ordinal>first</ordinal> .


The Taiwanese , first coming about 1989 , followed .

The <norp>Taiwanese</norp> , <ordinal>first</ordinal> coming about <date>1989</date> , followed .


Each arrival seemed to bring many more on its heels .


Taiwan firms are now the most important source of foreign investment in Dongguan .

<gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms are now the most important source of foreign investment in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> .


Consider the booming electronics industry .


Eighty percent of Dongguan 's 1,800 computer - related companies are from Taiwan , Hong Kong and Macau .

<percent>Eighty percent</percent> of <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> 's <cardinal>1,800</cardinal> computer - related companies are from <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> , <gpe>Hong Kong</gpe> and <gpe>Macau</gpe> .


In terms of production value , they account for at least half of this RMB 50 billion local industry .

In terms of production value , they account for at least half of this <money>RMB 50 billion</money> local industry .


Dongguan holds the highest concentration of Taiwan firms anywhere on the mainland .

<gpe>Dongguan</gpe> holds the highest concentration of <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms anywhere on the mainland .


According to TBAD statistics , there are now 30,000 Taiwanese companies on the mainland , -LRB- official PRC statistics , which include service - industry firms , put the number at 45,000 -RRB- .

According to <org>TBAD</org> statistics , there are now <cardinal>30,000</cardinal> <norp>Taiwanese</norp> companies on the mainland , -LRB- official <gpe>PRC</gpe> statistics , which include service - industry firms , put the number at <cardinal>45,000</cardinal> -RRB- .


Guangdong Province can boast one - third of the total , of which 3,200 are in Dongguan .

<gpe>Guangdong Province</gpe> can boast <cardinal>one - third</cardinal> of the total , of which <cardinal>3,200</cardinal> are in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> .


Most of these are telecom , cable , plastics , shoes , electronics and electric machinery companies .


Why has Dongguan been such a magnet for Taiwan firms ?

Why has <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> been such a magnet for <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms ?


Kao Wen - lai points out that Dongguan is strategically located between Shenzhen and Guangzhou -LRB- Canton -RRB- and accessible to the entire Pearl River delta .

<person>Kao Wen - lai</person> points out that <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> is strategically located between <gpe>Shenzhen</gpe> and <gpe>Guangzhou</gpe> -LRB- <gpe>Canton</gpe> -RRB- and accessible to the entire <loc>Pearl River</loc> delta .


It is three hours by car to Hong Kong and one and a half hours by boat to Humen .

It is <time>three hours</time> by car to <gpe>Hong Kong</gpe> and <time>one and a half hours</time> by boat to <gpe>Humen</gpe> .


When compared to Shenzhen , moreover , land and labor in Dongguan are cheap .

When compared to <gpe>Shenzhen</gpe> , moreover , land and labor in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> are cheap .


" The local cadres have been smart , providing all manner of land and tax incentives , " says Chen Ming - chih , TBAD 's secretary general .

" The local cadres have been smart , providing all manner of land and tax incentives , " says <person>Chen Ming - chih</person> , <org>TBAD</org> 's secretary general .


Two keys to the miracle

<cardinal>Two</cardinal> keys to the miracle


One afternoon in the days before the Chinese New Year , Chinese businessmen wearing suits arrived at the People 's Government administration building in Dongguan 's Qishi district .

<time>One afternoon</time> in the days before <event>the Chinese New Year</event> , <norp>Chinese</norp> businessmen wearing suits arrived at the <org>People 's Government</org> administration building in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> 's <gpe>Qishi</gpe> district .


After a long wait , they sat down at a table to negotiate with Qishi 's Communist Party secretary , the district chief , and various staff from its foreign economic office .

After a long wait , they sat down at a table to negotiate with <gpe>Qishi</gpe> 's <org>Communist Party</org> secretary , the district chief , and various staff from its foreign economic office .


Qishi 's factory rents , electricity charges and land leases were all focuses of discussion .

<gpe>Qishi</gpe> 's factory rents , electricity charges and land leases were all focuses of discussion .


TBAD , as is frequently the case , introduced the two parties .

<org>TBAD</org> , as is frequently the case , introduced the <cardinal>two</cardinal> parties .


" The factory rent was set at RMB 8.00 -LRB- about NT$ 32 -RRB- a square meter .

" The factory rent was set at <money>RMB 8.00</money> -LRB- about NT$ <money>32</money> -RRB- a square meter .


The electricity charge was RMB .87 a kilowatt hour , and there were various tax incentives , " explains Wang Jung - tuo , who notes there is still room for negotiation .

The electricity charge was <money>RMB .87</money> a kilowatt hour , and there were various tax incentives , " explains <person>Wang Jung - tuo</person> , who notes there is still room for negotiation .


All in all , it was a very attractive package .


In 1990 , Wang went to Malaysia thinking about opening a factory there , but he discovered that Malaysia 's market was much smaller than the mainland 's and its labor costs twice as high .

In <date>1990</date> , <person>Wang</person> went to <gpe>Malaysia</gpe> thinking about opening a factory there , but he discovered that <gpe>Malaysia</gpe> 's market was much smaller than the mainland 's and its labor costs twice as high .


The style of life was too different there , there was a language divide , and the roads were poor .


The mainland was a much better fit for him and his printed circuit boards company .


Now , little more than a decade later , its 20 - 30 workers have grown to 2,000 .

Now , <date>little more than a decade later</date> , its <cardinal>20 - 30</cardinal> workers have grown to <cardinal>2,000</cardinal> .


The company is once again preparing to expand its physical plant .


He acknowledges that it was a risky move to come to mainland China , but " if you 're going to die , you might as well die among your own people . "

He acknowledges that it was a risky move to come to mainland <gpe>China</gpe> , but " if you 're going to die , you might as well die among your own people . "


He traces his ancestry to Guangdong and affirms that his decision to set up in mainland China " involves ethnic pride . "

He traces his ancestry to <gpe>Guangdong</gpe> and affirms that his decision to set up in mainland <gpe>China</gpe> " involves ethnic pride . "


Although low land and labor costs are Dongguan 's main attractions , Taiwan firms also choose the locale for the networks of people and producers that have been built up among Taiwanese in Dongguan over the last ten years .

Although low land and labor costs are <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> 's main attractions , <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms also choose the locale for the networks of people and producers that have been built up among <norp>Taiwanese</norp> in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> over <date>the last ten years</date> .


These two kinds of networks , says H.D. Yeh - who served as TBAD 's president for two terms - were instrumental in creating the " Taiwanese economic miracle . "

These <cardinal>two</cardinal> kinds of networks , says <person>H.D. Yeh</person> - who served as <org>TBAD</org> 's president for <cardinal>two</cardinal> terms - were instrumental in creating the " <norp>Taiwanese</norp> economic miracle . "


H.D. Yeh points out that competition in the 21st century is all about speed .

<person>H.D. Yeh</person> points out that competition in <date>the 21st century</date> is all about speed .


When customers in America make purchase orders , the whole process , including drawing up the contract and manufacturing the goods , requires four months .

When customers in <gpe>America</gpe> make purchase orders , the whole process , including drawing up the contract and manufacturing the goods , requires four months .


But Taiwanese firms can deliver in 15 days .

But <norp>Taiwanese</norp> firms can deliver in <date>15 days</date> .


" There are two keys , " he says .

" There are <cardinal>two</cardinal> keys , " he says .


" One is that all the upstream and downstream factories are here .

" <cardinal>One</cardinal> is that all the upstream and downstream factories are here .


You can assemble a computer completely from parts made within 50 kilometers . "

You can assemble a computer completely from parts made within <quantity>50 kilometers</quantity> . "


And the second key is that when you deal with Taiwanese companies , you do n't have to endure a long contract process .

And the <ordinal>second</ordinal> key is that when you deal with <norp>Taiwanese</norp> companies , you do n't have to endure a long contract process .


Everything starts rolling with a single telephone call .


Taiwanese business people are always playing golf , singing karaoke or chewing betel nut together .

<norp>Taiwanese</norp> business people are always playing golf , singing karaoke or chewing betel nut together .


" Everyone is always asking how everyone else is doing - it 's a way of networking and building up good relations , " Yeh says .

" Everyone is always asking how everyone else is doing - it 's a way of networking and building up good relations , " <person>Yeh</person> says .


Andrew Yeh recalls that when the company first set up in Dongguan in 1990 , " Even screws had to be brought in from Taiwan . "

<person>Andrew Yeh</person> recalls that when the company <ordinal>first</ordinal> set up in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> in <date>1990</date> , " Even screws had to be brought in from <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> . "


But now the company sources virtually all of the necessary raw materials and parts on the mainland and is reliant for very little on Taiwan .

But now the company sources virtually all of the necessary raw materials and parts on the mainland and is reliant for very little on <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> .


" What does industrial emigration entail ?


Usually it means downstream industries coming first , forcing the mid-stream industries to follow , " says Sylvia Yang , deputy chairperson of TBAD 's women 's division .

Usually it means downstream industries coming <ordinal>first</ordinal> , forcing the mid-stream industries to follow , " says <person>Sylvia Yang</person> , deputy chairperson of <org>TBAD</org> 's women 's division .


And in Dongguan downstream Taiwan firms have expanded into the mid-stream , becoming more vertically integrated .

And in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> downstream Taiwan firms have expanded into the mid-stream , becoming more vertically integrated .


Tahsin Printing only made paper boxes in Taiwan but when they set up a plant in Dongguan they discovered that it was hard to obtain the paper rolls they needed and thus learned how to make them themselves .

<org>Tahsin Printing</org> only made paper boxes in <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> but when they set up a plant in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> they discovered that it was hard to obtain the paper rolls they needed and thus learned how to make them themselves .


Now the company makes paper boxes both from rolled paper and from colored flat paper .


To each its own domain


Many companies have expanded into new business realms in Dongguan .

Many companies have expanded into new business realms in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> .


A frequently cited example is Primax , H.D. Yeh 's electronics firm .

A frequently cited example is <org>Primax</org> , <person>H.D. Yeh 's</person> electronics firm .


The company rented a factory in Dongguan in 1989 and at first produced labor - intensive power surge protectors .

The company rented a factory in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> in <date>1989</date> and at <ordinal>first</ordinal> produced labor - intensive power surge protectors .


After three years , they began in 1992 to invest massively on the mainland , establishing computer mouse production lines .

After <date>three years</date> , they began in <date>1992</date> to invest massively on the mainland , establishing computer mouse production lines .


Thereafter , Primax launched new products every year : cellular phone parts , overhead projectors , paper shredders , scanners . . .

Thereafter , <org>Primax</org> launched new products every year : cellular phone parts , overhead projectors , paper shredders , scanners . . .


Constantly expanding its product lines and production capacity , Primax expanded from a single Dongguan plant with 25 workers in 1989 to its current nine factories and 4,000 - plus workforce .

Constantly expanding its product lines and production capacity , <org>Primax</org> expanded from a single <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> plant with <cardinal>25</cardinal> workers in <date>1989</date> to its current <cardinal>nine</cardinal> factories and <cardinal>4,000</cardinal> - plus workforce .


Primax 's performance , H.D. Yeh notes , pushed its mother company in Taiwan to go public seven years ago .

<org>Primax</org> 's performance , <person>H.D. Yeh</person> notes , pushed its mother company in <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> to go public <date>seven years ago</date> .


Primax is one of the few Taiwan electronics companies with a definite " China orientation . "

<org>Primax</org> is <cardinal>one</cardinal> of the few <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> electronics companies with a definite " <gpe>China</gpe> orientation . "


" It does n't cost much to set up a factory in mainland China , and shipping times are stable .

" It does n't cost much to set up a factory in mainland <gpe>China</gpe> , and shipping times are stable .


These are helpful to the mother company both in terms of controlling costs and filling large orders , " says Yeh .

These are helpful to the mother company both in terms of controlling costs and filling large orders , " says <person>Yeh</person> .


Dongguan Hsu Fu Chi Foods , which sells candy , cakes and candied fruit in the mainland domestic market , is another good example .

<org>Dongguan Hsu Fu Chi Foods</org> , which sells candy , cakes and candied fruit in the mainland domestic market , is another good example .


They began production there in 1992 , formally opening their own plant in Dongguan in 1994 .

They began production there in <date>1992</date> , formally opening their own plant in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> in <date>1994</date> .


The company now has three factories in Dongguan , with a combined area of 120,000 square meters , that produce 200 tons of candy , 70 tons of Chinese - style cakes , and 180 tons of gelatin and pudding a day .

The company now has <cardinal>three</cardinal> factories in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> , with a combined area of <quantity>120,000 square meters</quantity> , that produce <quantity>200 tons</quantity> of candy , <quantity>70 tons</quantity> of <norp>Chinese</norp> - style cakes , and <quantity>180 tons</quantity> of gelatin and pudding a day .


" We produce 300 - 500 container loads of food a month .

" We produce <cardinal>300 - 500</cardinal> container loads of food a month .


You can find our cakes in supermarkets all the way from Guangzhou to Tibet . "

You can find our cakes in supermarkets all the way from <gpe>Guangzhou</gpe> to <gpe>Tibet</gpe> . "


Norman Hsu , the company 's vice president , says that after one invests on the mainland , layouts of Taiwan factories seem exceedingly cramped .

<person>Norman Hsu</person> , the company 's vice president , says that after <cardinal>one</cardinal> invests on the mainland , layouts of <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> factories seem exceedingly cramped .


" There 's a totally different sense of space . "


" Dongguan is by itself one - thirteenth the size of Taiwan , " notes Chen Ming - chih , secretary general of the Taiwan Business Association .

" <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> is by itself <cardinal>one - thirteenth</cardinal> the size of <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> , " notes <person>Chen Ming - chih</person> , secretary general of <org>the Taiwan Business Association</org> .


In Dongguan factories are more than ten times the sizes of similar plants in Taiwan .

In <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> factories are <cardinal>more than ten</cardinal> times the sizes of similar plants in <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> .


One factory building at the Talingshan furniture plant is 380 meters long .

<cardinal>One</cardinal> factory building at the <gpe>Talingshan</gpe> furniture plant is <quantity>380 meters</quantity> long .


Walking the perimeter of a leading electronics plant in Qishi is " like playing four holes of golf . "

Walking the perimeter of a leading electronics plant in <gpe>Qishi</gpe> is " like playing <cardinal>four</cardinal> holes of golf . "


Like soldiers , workers often have to take different shifts in the cafeteria .


The Pouchen shoe plant , Dongguan 's largest , employs 100,000 .

The <gpe>Pouchen</gpe> shoe plant , <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> 's largest , employs <cardinal>100,000</cardinal> .


The compound has a nursery , hospital and an operating room .


" We always jokingly refer to it as Fort Pouchen , " says Yeh .

" We always jokingly refer to it as Fort <gpe>Pouchen</gpe> , " says <person>Yeh</person> .


Victory to the strivers


Although the Taiwan firms in Dongguan have left home , their success can largely be attributed to an ethos they transplanted from Taiwan - that " victory goes to those who strive the hardest . "

Although the <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> have left home , their success can largely be attributed to an ethos they transplanted from <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> - that " victory goes to those who strive the hardest . "


" In Taiwan , we used to take the children somewhere fun on weekends and holidays , " says Chang Mei - liang of TBAD 's women 's division .

" In <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> , we used to take the children somewhere fun on weekends and holidays , " says <person>Chang Mei - liang</person> of <org>TBAD</org> 's women 's division .


But since she 's moved the factory , " there has n't been a single meal the whole family has eaten together . "


If you want to open a plant on the mainland , you 're going to have to sacrifice family intimacy . "


In Taiwan , a boss just has to set the factory 's basic course and at the very most supervise the executives , " explains Sylvia Yang , the women 's division 's deputy chairperson .

In <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> , a boss just has to set the factory 's basic course and at the very most supervise the executives , " explains <person>Sylvia Yang</person> , the women 's division 's deputy chairperson .


" But on the mainland , a boss has to supervise everything : customs , tax payments , workers ' disputes , meal preparation . . . .


There 's always the feeling that everyone will start to slack off once the boss leaves . "


All the job - related pressures and evenings out with fellow Taiwanese business people or Communist Party cadres result in ill health for many Taiwan business people on the mainland .

All the job - related pressures and evenings out with fellow <norp>Taiwanese</norp> business people or <org>Communist Party</org> cadres result in ill health for many <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> business people on the mainland .


One of Chen 's tasks as chairperson of TBAD is to handle funeral arrangements for Taiwanese business people there .

One of <person>Chen</person> 's tasks as chairperson of <org>TBAD</org> is to handle funeral arrangements for <norp>Taiwanese</norp> business people there .


" Many of them die suddenly , " he says .


The association has been trying to promote healthier lifestyles .


" Instead of just going out to karaoke bars and drinking , why not play golf too , " recommends H.D. Yeh .

" Instead of just going out to karaoke bars and drinking , why not play golf too , " recommends <person>H.D. Yeh</person> .


Dongguan has four or five golf courses within city limits .

<gpe>Dongguan</gpe> has <cardinal>four or five</cardinal> golf courses within city limits .


About 1,000 people play every day , and 80 - 90 % of them are Taiwanese .

About <cardinal>1,000</cardinal> people play every day , and <percent>80 - 90 %</percent> of them are <norp>Taiwanese</norp> .


The Taiwanese entrepreneurial spirit has blossomed here by processing goods for export through Hong Kong in addition to making the most of connections between local Taiwan firms .

The <norp>Taiwanese</norp> entrepreneurial spirit has blossomed here by processing goods for export through <gpe>Hong Kong</gpe> in addition to making the most of connections between local <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms .


With 3,000 Taiwan - owned businesses here , and 10 - 20,000 Taiwanese business people and their dependants coming in and out every day , the Dong - guan area has already developed an economic circle in which Taiwan firms can conduct most of their business among themselves .

With <cardinal>3,000</cardinal> <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> - owned businesses here , and <cardinal>10 - 20,000</cardinal> <norp>Taiwanese</norp> business people and their dependants coming in and out every day , the <gpe>Dong - guan</gpe> area has already developed an economic circle in which <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms can conduct most of their business among themselves .


In the vibrant district of Houjian , there is an area that locals call Taiwan Town .

In the vibrant district of <gpe>Houjian</gpe> , there is an area that locals call <loc>Taiwan Town</loc> .


A casual look around reveals shop signs familiar to any Taiwanese : Taichung Goose , Ah - shui Shih 's Pig Knuckle Kingdom , Yungho Soy Milk , the Mantu Hair Salon . . . . and most of the customers are Taiwanese .

A casual look around reveals shop signs familiar to any <norp>Taiwanese</norp> : <org>Taichung Goose</org> , <org>Ah - shui Shih 's Pig Knuckle Kingdom</org> , <org>Yungho Soy Milk</org> , <org>the Mantu Hair Salon</org> . . . . and most of the customers are <norp>Taiwanese</norp> .


Restaurants serve up authentic Taiwanese fare like " pineapples and bitter melon chicken " and " sesame oil chicken . "

Restaurants serve up authentic <norp>Taiwanese</norp> fare like " pineapples and bitter melon chicken " and " sesame oil chicken . "


In November 1998 Global Express , a Taiwan firm , even opened up a shuttle bus to Hong Kong 's airport .

In <date>November 1998</date> <org>Global Express</org> , a <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firm , even opened up a shuttle bus to <gpe>Hong Kong 's</gpe> airport .


Global Express serves as a good example of Taiwanese corporate agility .

<org>Global Express</org> serves as a good example of <norp>Taiwanese</norp> corporate agility .


Originally , arrivals from Taiwan en route to Dongguan had to board buses run by a Hong Kong - based and mainland - financed travel agency .

Originally , arrivals from <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> en route to <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> had to board buses run by a <gpe>Hong Kong</gpe> - based and mainland - financed travel agency .


" But we felt that the service left something to be desired , and that a lot of time would always be wasted while holders of ' Taiwanese Compatriot Visas ' cleared customs , " notes David Chang , Global Travel Holding 's executive director .

" But we felt that the service left something to be desired , and that a lot of time would always be wasted while holders of <work_of_art>' Taiwanese Compatriot Visas '</work_of_art> cleared customs , " notes <person>David Chang</person> , <org>Global Travel Holding 's</org> executive director .


Two years ago , this Taiwanese travel agency began to talk with the mainland customs and border inspection agencies and negotiated a deal to get the route .

<date>Two years ago</date> , this <norp>Taiwanese</norp> travel agency began to talk with the mainland customs and border inspection agencies and negotiated a deal to get the route .


" We tell Taiwanese business people that riding our buses is safe , the service is good , and that it makes the trip through customs easy . "

" We tell <norp>Taiwanese</norp> business people that riding our buses is safe , the service is good , and that it makes the trip through customs easy . "


In enemy territory


As soon as you 're through customs at Hong Kong , you see them : women draped with beauty pageant - like sashes with the Chinese characters for " Global Travel " emblazoned across them .

As soon as you 're through customs at <gpe>Hong Kong</gpe> , you see them : women draped with beauty pageant - like sashes with the <norp>Chinese</norp> characters for <org>" Global Travel "</org> emblazoned across them .


Pushing small luggage carts , they lead customers to the buses .


They have become a " must - see " tourist sight for Taiwanese visitors to Dongguan .

They have become a " must - see " tourist sight for <norp>Taiwanese</norp> visitors to <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> .


" At first we thought of talking with Hong Kong airport about renting a counter , " explains Chang .

" At <ordinal>first</ordinal> we thought of talking with <gpe>Hong Kong</gpe> airport about renting a counter , " explains <person>Chang</person> .


" But for just one - fourth of a six square - meter booth , the rent comes to HK$ 200,000 . "

" But for just <cardinal>one - fourth</cardinal> of a <quantity>six square - meter</quantity> booth , the rent comes to <money>HK$ 200,000</money> . "


So the company thought that instead of spending that much money on a booth it made more sense to lower operating costs and pass these along in the form of lower fares for its customers .


They never expected that the luggage carts would in fact make it much easier for customers to find them in sprawling Hong Kong airport and would become an easily recognizable company trademark .

They never expected that the luggage carts would in fact make it much easier for customers to find them in sprawling <gpe>Hong Kong</gpe> airport and would become an easily recognizable company trademark .


" Now mainland Chinese travel agencies have started copying the way we use the carts , " says Chang , laughing .

" Now mainland <norp>Chinese</norp> travel agencies have started copying the way we use the carts , " says <person>Chang</person> , laughing .


Since Global buses started plying this route in November 1988 , daily bus departures have risen from 4 to 27 , with over 20,000 riders a month .

Since <org>Global</org> buses started plying this route in <date>November 1988</date> , daily bus departures have risen from <cardinal>4</cardinal> to <cardinal>27</cardinal> , with over <cardinal>20,000</cardinal> riders a month .


Global plans to introduce new services , including car rentals and plane ticket reservations and confirmations .

<org>Global</org> plans to introduce new services , including car rentals and plane ticket reservations and confirmations .


Dongguan appears to have a bright future .

<gpe>Dongguan</gpe> appears to have a bright future .


" The Taiwan firms here now are powerful enough to get two or three members of the Legislative Yuan to represent their interests , " holds one senior reporter .

" The <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms here now are powerful enough to get <cardinal>two</cardinal> or <cardinal>three</cardinal> members of <loc>the Legislative Yuan</loc> to represent their interests , " holds <cardinal>one</cardinal> senior reporter .


Although TBAD 's Yeh believes that investment prospects on the mainland are good , he does acknowledge the precariousness of their position in hostile territory .

Although <org>TBAD</org> 's <person>Yeh</person> believes that investment prospects on the mainland are good , he does acknowledge the precariousness of their position in hostile territory .


Taiwan business interests can not put down their guard .

<gpe>Taiwan</gpe> business interests can not put down their guard .


Because of Taiwan 's experience with rapid modernization , many CCP cadres have sought employment with Taiwanese firms , hoping to learn from the masters .

Because of <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> 's experience with rapid modernization , many <org>CCP</org> cadres have sought employment with <norp>Taiwanese</norp> firms , hoping to learn from the masters .


At the first opportunity , however , they leave to set up shop for themselves .

At the <ordinal>first</ordinal> opportunity , however , they leave to set up shop for themselves .


" The student then challenges the master , " explains Sylvia Yang , detailing how these mainland upstarts go on to compete with the very Taiwan firms that taught them all they know .

" The student then challenges the master , " explains <person>Sylvia Yang</person> , detailing how these mainland upstarts go on to compete with the very <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms that taught them all they know .


This scenario should be familiar to Taiwanese .

This scenario should be familiar to <norp>Taiwanese</norp> .


" It happens in Taiwan too . "

" It happens in <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> too . "


Apart from keeping up their guard , it is even more important that Taiwan firms raise their productivity and technological level .

Apart from keeping up their guard , it is even more important that <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms raise their productivity and technological level .


" Many manufacturers , even those in mainland China , will not survive , " says Yeh .

" Many manufacturers , even those in mainland <gpe>China</gpe> , will not survive , " says <person>Yeh</person> .


Taiwan firms find it difficult to adjust to the instability of the mainland 's investment environment , as well as the laws there that seemingly change overnight .

<gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms find it difficult to adjust to the instability of the mainland 's investment environment , as well as the laws there that seemingly change overnight .


The year before last the mainland announced a new tax system , under which raw materials imported by foreign firms would be taxed at a rate of 17 % , with 9 % being returned to the manufacturer when finished goods were exported .

<date>The year before last</date> the mainland announced a new tax system , under which raw materials imported by foreign firms would be taxed at a rate of <percent>17 %</percent> , with <percent>9 %</percent> being returned to the manufacturer when finished goods were exported .


" When I went to Beijing to negotiate , " recalls Yeh , " I asked cadres in the foreign trade office to consider the impact of the tax on the electronics industry .

" When I went to <gpe>Beijing</gpe> to negotiate , " recalls <person>Yeh</person> , " I asked cadres in the foreign trade office to consider the impact of the tax on the electronics industry .


Profit margins are at best 3 - 5 % .

Profit margins are at best <percent>3 - 5 %</percent> .


How can manufacturers afford to pay a 17 % import tax ? "

How can manufacturers afford to pay a <percent>17 %</percent> import tax ? "


In June of last year the PRC authorities announced the " Document 35 " rules .

In <date>June of last year</date> the <gpe>PRC</gpe> authorities announced the <law>" Document 35 "</law> rules .


These stipulated that companies would be given grades according to the quantity of their exports and their records of breaking customs regulations .


Those meriting only a B would have to offer a deposit of 40 - 50 % against the value of their raw material imports .

Those meriting only a B would have to offer a deposit of <percent>40 - 50 %</percent> against the value of their raw material imports .


This terrified Taiwan firms in Dongguan .

This terrified <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> .


According to TBAD 's statistics , 75 % of the Taiwanese firms were given Bs .

According to <org>TBAD</org> 's statistics , <percent>75 %</percent> of the <norp>Taiwanese</norp> firms were given Bs .


The announcement caused quite a stir , but its effect on Taiwanese investment is as yet unclear .

The announcement caused quite a stir , but its effect on <norp>Taiwanese</norp> investment is as yet unclear .


In August of last year , as the mainland customs authorities took aggressive moves against smuggling , 12 Taiwan business people in Dongguan were detained .

In <date>August of last year</date> , as the mainland customs authorities took aggressive moves against smuggling , <cardinal>12</cardinal> <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> business people in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> were detained .


The charges ran the gamut from not filling out proper forms to purchasing phony export contracts and trying to pass them off to customs .


Seven business people were arrested and charged with smuggling and are still in jail .

<cardinal>Seven</cardinal> business people were arrested and charged with smuggling and are still in jail .


" I 'm constantly thinking about them .


I 'm meditating and have gone vegetarian , but I 'm still not at peace , " Yeh says .

I 'm meditating and have gone vegetarian , but I 'm still not at peace , " <person>Yeh</person> says .


On the mainland , the highest penalty for smuggling is death .


" Last year the mainland sent nine customs officers to the firing squad , " notes Yeh .

" <date>Last year</date> the mainland sent <cardinal>nine</cardinal> customs officers to the firing squad , " notes <person>Yeh</person> .


The fate of these Taiwanese businessmen will depend entirely on the mainland 's political climate .

The fate of these <norp>Taiwanese</norp> businessmen will depend entirely on the mainland 's political climate .


Whether its arrival was by accident or design , a new age for Taiwanese firms in Dongguan is here .

Whether its arrival was by accident or design , a new age for <norp>Taiwanese</norp> firms in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> is here .


It is a far cry from the days when Taiwan firms enjoyed tremendous advantages .

It is a far cry from the days when <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms enjoyed tremendous advantages .


From the various revisions to trade law adopted by the PRC last year , Chang Han - wen extrapolates that the PRC both wants to protect its uncompetitive state firms and turn from low - tech processing to high - tech production .

From the various revisions to trade law adopted by the <gpe>PRC</gpe> <date>last year</date> , <person>Chang Han - wen</person> extrapolates that the <gpe>PRC</gpe> both wants to protect its uncompetitive state firms and turn from low - tech processing to high - tech production .


" This is because state enterprises pressure the government with appeals about their right to survival , " Yeh says .

" This is because state enterprises pressure the government with appeals about their right to survival , " <person>Yeh</person> says .


When foreign firms in the mainland are confronted with threats to their safety and property , " Hong Kong can count on the cooperation of the government , US and Japanese businesses can turn to their ambassadors , but what can Taiwan firms do ? " asks Yeh .

When foreign firms in the mainland are confronted with threats to their safety and property , " <gpe>Hong Kong</gpe> can count on the cooperation of the government , <gpe>US</gpe> and <norp>Japanese</norp> businesses can turn to their ambassadors , but what can <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms do ? " asks <person>Yeh</person> .


In Dongguan they can help each other .

In <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> they can help each other .


Currently , more than 80 % of the 3,000 Taiwanese firms in Dongguan have joined TBAD .

Currently , more than <percent>80 %</percent> of the <cardinal>3,000</cardinal> <norp>Taiwanese</norp> firms in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> have joined <org>TBAD</org> .


TBAD has 29 local branches in Dongguan and is , moreover , the only Taiwan business association in mainland China with a women 's division .

<org>TBAD</org> has <cardinal>29</cardinal> local branches in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> and is , moreover , the only <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> business association in mainland <gpe>China</gpe> with a women 's division .


Major companies listed on the TAIEX , including Lite - on Electronics and Delta Electronics , are members of TBAD .

Major companies listed on the <org>TAIEX</org> , including <org>Lite - on Electronics</org> and <org>Delta Electronics</org> , are members of <org>TBAD</org> .


It is the largest and strongest of all Taiwan business groups on the mainland both in terms of organization and operations .

It is the largest and strongest of all <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> business groups on the mainland both in terms of organization and operations .


Many Taiwanese believe that at a time of cross-strait tension , Taiwan firms have made their own decisions to invest in the mainland and therefore should bear the risk themselves too .

Many <norp>Taiwanese</norp> believe that at a time of cross-strait tension , <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms have made their own decisions to invest in the mainland and therefore should bear the risk themselves too .


And by investing their money , technology and so forth on the mainland , are they not to some degree abandoning Taiwan ?

And by investing their money , technology and so forth on the mainland , are they not to some degree abandoning <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> ?


TBAD takes issue with this view .

<org>TBAD</org> takes issue with this view .


H.D. Yeh points out that in 1998 Taiwan had an overall trade surplus of US$ 5.9 billion , and a surplus of US$ 12.76 billion with mainland China .

<person>H.D. Yeh</person> points out that in <date>1998</date> <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> had an overall trade surplus of <money>US$ 5.9 billion</money> , and a surplus of <money>US$ 12.76 billion</money> with mainland <gpe>China</gpe> .


If not for its trade with the PRC , therefore , Taiwan would have had a trade deficit .

If not for its trade with the <gpe>PRC</gpe> , therefore , <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> would have had a trade deficit .


" We make our money here , but we pay taxes in Taiwan , and most of our families and children do most of their consumer spending in Taiwan , " insists TBAD chairperson Chang Mei - liang .

" We make our money here , but we pay taxes in <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> , and most of our families and children do most of their consumer spending in <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> , " insists <org>TBAD</org> chairperson <person>Chang Mei - liang</person> .


Chang notes that after the major earthquake in Taiwan on September 21 , Taiwan business associations throughout mainland China contributed NT$ 60 million .

<person>Chang</person> notes that after the major earthquake in <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> on <date>September 21</date> , <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> business associations throughout mainland <gpe>China</gpe> contributed <money>NT$ 60 million</money> .


TBAD contributed NT$ 30 million all by itself .

<org>TBAD</org> contributed <money>NT$ 30 million</money> all by itself .


Hence , he argues that it 's very unfair to say that Taiwanese businesses in the mainland are n't contributing to Taiwan .

Hence , he argues that it 's very unfair to say that <norp>Taiwanese</norp> businesses in the mainland are n't contributing to <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> .


The question is , how should the ROC government view Taiwan firms in the mainland ?

The question is , how should the <gpe>ROC</gpe> government view <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms in the mainland ?


And for that matter how is the PRC government looking at the Taiwanese in Dongguan ?

And for that matter how is the <gpe>PRC</gpe> government looking at the <norp>Taiwanese</norp> in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> ?


TBAD 's spiritual leader H.D. Yeh often goes to Beijing to represent Taiwan firms in negotiations with the government .

<org>TBAD</org> 's spiritual leader <person>H.D. Yeh</person> often goes to <gpe>Beijing</gpe> to represent <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms in negotiations with the government .


Once , in the presence of many Communist Party cadres , a high - ranking official of the State Council 's Taiwan Affairs Office asked him this question : " You 've gathered so many Taiwan firms in Dongguan and stirred up such enthusiasm among them - but for what purpose ? "

Once , in the presence of many <org>Communist Party</org> cadres , a high - ranking official of <org>the State Council 's</org> <org>Taiwan Affairs Office</org> asked him this question : " You 've gathered so many <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> and stirred up such enthusiasm among them - but for what purpose ? "


It threw him for a loop .


Yeh is still trying to figure out what the mainland authorities think of TBAD .

<person>Yeh</person> is still trying to figure out what the mainland authorities think of <org>TBAD</org> .


For Taiwan firms in Dongguan , investing in mainland China is a road of no return .

For <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> , investing in mainland <gpe>China</gpe> is a road of no return .


" In recent years many Taiwan business people have also tried to invest in Vietnam , only later to close their factories there , " says Chang Han - wen .

" In <date>recent years</date> many <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> business people have also tried to invest in <gpe>Vietnam</gpe> , only later to close their factories there , " says <person>Chang Han - wen</person> .


Mainland China shares the same language as Taiwan and it offers attractive investment conditions .

Mainland <gpe>China</gpe> shares the same language as <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> and it offers attractive investment conditions .


It would be surprising if it did n't attract Taiwan firms that are eager to set up offshore .

It would be surprising if it did n't attract <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms that are eager to set up offshore .


Amid the cross-strait political standoff , one can expect that Taiwan firms in Dongguan will continue to live out this exciting tale of gain and loss .

Amid the cross-strait political standoff , one can expect that <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> firms in <gpe>Dongguan</gpe> will continue to live out this exciting tale of gain and loss .


-LRB- Jackie Cheng / photos by Diago Chiu / tr. by Jonathan Barnard -RRB-

-LRB- <person>Jackie Cheng</person> / photos by <person>Diago Chiu</person> / tr. by <person>Jonathan Barnard</person> -RRB-


Source : Taiwan Business Association of Dongguan

Source : <org>Taiwan Business Association of Dongguan</org>


Graphic by Tsai Chih - pen

Graphic by <person>Tsai Chih - pen</person>


Genteel Journalis --


Thomas Lu


-LRB- Eric Lin / tr. by Robert Taylor -RRB-

-LRB- <person>Eric Lin</person> / tr. by <person>Robert Taylor</person> -RRB-


Thomas Lu is the doyen of the Chinese news media .

<person>Thomas Lu</person> is the doyen of the <norp>Chinese</norp> news media .


Still out on the journalistic front lines at 81 , this spry , forthright veteran has an immense zest for life .

Still out on the journalistic front lines at <date>81</date> , this spry , forthright veteran has an immense zest for life .


At 78 , drawing on his astonishingly sharp memory , he completed his reminiscences and " record of emotional regrets . "

At <date>78</date> , drawing on his astonishingly sharp memory , he completed his reminiscences and " record of emotional regrets . "


He is not only one of the " wonders " of Taiwan 's journalistic world , but is also recognized by those of his generation as a gentleman and a " good - looking man . "

He is not only one of the " wonders " of <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> 's journalistic world , but is also recognized by those of his generation as a gentleman and a " good - looking man . "


A person 's looks change with their age and their state of mind .


Many friends have told me I look better the older I get .


People do n't know that when I was young I had dreadful protruding teeth , but now not only do my teeth no longer show , but the lines of my face have also softened .


People who know me know that there have always been two great loves in my life : the news , and women .

People who know me know that there have always been <cardinal>two</cardinal> great loves in my life : the news , and women .


Now that I 'm in my 80s , looking back I think I can say I 've done alright in both respects , and I 've learnt that both reporting the news well , and finding favor with women , depend on your character and conduct .

Now that I 'm in my <date>80s</date> , looking back I think I can say I 've done alright in both respects , and I 've learnt that both reporting the news well , and finding favor with women , depend on your character and conduct .


Journalism is not just a profession , but should also be a vocation - you have to throw yourself fully into this infinitely broad field of endeavor .


Intellectually and spiritually , in work and in love , I have gained experience and fulfilment .


I have always remembered the encouragement which Mr. Yu Youren gave me as a young reporter .

I have always remembered the encouragement which Mr. <person>Yu Youren</person> gave me as a young reporter .


He said that to be a fearless champion of social justice , as is expected of a journalist , the most important thing , apart from energy and vitality , is modesty .


You have to treat everybody the same , and not be overawed by the great and powerful .


A president or a street sweeper deserve the same respect as a human being , and should both be treated the same way .


Funnily enough , an unassuming attitude is also advantageous in relations with the opposite sex .


Chinese society is male dominated , and women are mostly regarded as having a subsidiary role .

<norp>Chinese</norp> society is male dominated , and women are mostly regarded as having a subsidiary role .


In this kind of unfair situation , an upstanding man should cherish and respect women all the more .


A considerate attitude can be expressed in little things .


For instance , when you see that a hair has fallen onto a female friend 's shoulder , you should lightly pick it off for her , and throw it away or put it in your pocket .


If sincere , this kind of action is attractive in a man .


If a woman expresses her liking for you , then no matter whether she is pretty , or whether you find her attractive , you should respond in the same way , and with the same respect .


When I was a young reporter stationed in Europe , there was a British woman reporter who liked me very much .

When I was a young reporter stationed in <loc>Europe</loc> , there was a <norp>British</norp> woman reporter who liked me very much .


Once I was driving her somewhere to report a story when we had an accident , and she suffered some badly broken bones .


Although I was n't attracted to her in that way , I went to see her every day in hospital , and this left a deep impression on her of how considerate Chinese men can be .

Although I was n't attracted to her in that way , I went to see her every day in hospital , and this left a deep impression on her of how considerate <norp>Chinese</norp> men can be .


Looking back at my life , I 've hardly had any really bad experiences in my relationships with women , and this is because just as in my professional life , I 've always maintained a self - critical attitude towards my emotions , and always tried to prevent myself acting like a male chauvinist .


Looks are something you are born with , but character is something you can work on , and it can outweigh your appearance .


Luo Jialun , one of the leading lights of the May Fourth Movement , is a famous example .

<person>Luo Jialun</person> , one of the leading lights of <event>the May Fourth Movement</event> , is a famous example .


Luo was not good looking , and was even ridiculed as " looking like a cross between a pig , a dog and a bear . "

<person>Luo</person> was not good looking , and was even ridiculed as " looking like a cross between a pig , a dog and a bear . "


But he was tremendously well - read , had a beautiful writing style , and for a time he was Chinese ambassador to India .

But he was tremendously well - read , had a beautiful writing style , and for a time he was <norp>Chinese</norp> ambassador to <gpe>India</gpe> .


His wife was a universally admired beauty , the envy of all .


So I say , " handsome is as handsome does . "


I was imprisoned by both the Kuomintang and the Communists , and at times I might have been killed .

I was imprisoned by both the <org>Kuomintang</org> and the <norp>Communists</norp> , and at times I might have been killed .


Perhaps other people in the same situation might have wallowed in self - pity , but I saw it as a rare opportunity in life .


In 1951 , in a dark prison cell during a big Communist purge , what came into my mind was not fear of death .

In <date>1951</date> , in a dark prison cell during a big <norp>Communist</norp> purge , what came into my mind was not fear of death .


Instead , I wondered what kind of headline my death would merit in the newspapers .


" 10,000 Rush to See Lu Executed " ?

" <cardinal>10,000</cardinal> Rush to See <person>Lu</person> Executed " ?


Perhaps it was this eternal optimism which changed my frame of mind and my appearance .


This is the advice I 'd like to give young people :


it 's true that good looks can come from external grooming , wearing nice clothes , or wearing earrings ; and perhaps you can get other people 's attention by creating your own special look .


But do n't overdo it .


It is appropriate dress , and a temperament developed through study and practice , which really make a man attractive .


<work_of_art>Powerful Tools for Biotechnology - Biochips</work_of_art>


-LRB- Chang Chiung - fang / photos by Hsueh Chi - kuang / tr. by Robert Taylor -RRB-

-LRB- <person>Chang Chiung - fang</person> / photos by <person>Hsueh Chi - kuang</person> / tr. by <person>Robert Taylor</person> -RRB-


The enterovirus detection biochip developed by DR. Chip Biotechnology takes only six hours to give hospitals the answer to whether a sample contains enterovirus , and if it is the deadly strain Entero 71 .

The enterovirus detection biochip developed by <org>DR. Chip Biotechnology</org> takes <time>only six hours</time> to give hospitals the answer to whether a sample contains enterovirus , and if it is the deadly strain Entero 71 .


Worldwide , biotechnology is a rising star of the industrial stage .


In Taiwan , in recent years the Ministry of Economic Affairs , the National Science Council and the National Health Research Institutes have been strongly pursuing " biochip " research programs .

In <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> , in recent years <org>the Ministry of Economic Affairs</org> , <org>the National Science Council</org> and <org>the National Health Research Institutes</org> have been strongly pursuing " biochip " research programs .


In the last two years , three biochip companies have also been set up in Taiwan .

In <date>the last two years</date> , <cardinal>three</cardinal> biochip companies have also been set up in <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> .


Just what are biochips ?


What use are they to mankind ?


Why do so many people have such confidence in their future ?


What is the current state of this field in Taiwan ?

What is the current state of this field in <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> ?


And what are the prospects for future development ?


Let 's take a closer look .


In just a few years ' time , or a few decades , the following scenario could become a reality :

In just <date>a few years '</date> time , or <date>a few decades</date> , the following scenario could become a reality :


When you 're feeling under the weather , all you need to do is buy a diagnostic biochip from the chemist 's shop , put a drop of urine onto it , and you will find out what is wrong with you - a health check will be as easy as a pregnancy test today .


Everyone will carry with them a biochip bearing a record and analysis of their own DNA .


From it one will not only be able to see one 's own physical condition , but even to predict what diseases one will have in the future .


It will be like an ID card , needed when looking for work , buying insurance or even seeking a partner for love and marriage .


Laboratories will no longer need all kinds of large instruments , for all stages of their experiments will be carried out on little biochips , saving time , effort and money .


Today , the scenes outlined above may just seem like pipe dreams .

<time>Today</time> , the scenes outlined above may just seem like pipe dreams .


But these dreams could yet come true , and the key to that happening is those little biochips .


A dream come true ?

<work_of_art>A dream come true ?</work_of_art>


Developments such as the sequencing of the human genome and the rapid development of genetic engineering have spawned biotechnology industries like bioinformatics , biomaterials and pharmaceutical engineering , which have emerged as the rising stars of 21st - century industry .

Developments such as the sequencing of the human genome and the rapid development of genetic engineering have spawned biotechnology industries like bioinformatics , biomaterials and pharmaceutical engineering , which have emerged as the rising stars of <date>21st - century</date> industry .


As part of the government 's efforts to promote the biotechnology industry in Taiwan , in July 1999 the Industrial Technology Research Institute -LRB- ITRI -RRB- set up the Biomedical Engineering Center -LRB- BMEC -RRB- to actively develop biomedical engineering technologies .

As part of the government 's efforts to promote the biotechnology industry in <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> , in <date>July 1999</date> <org>the Industrial Technology Research Institute</org> -LRB- <org>ITRI</org> -RRB- set up <org>the Biomedical Engineering Center</org> -LRB- <org>BMEC</org> -RRB- to actively develop biomedical engineering technologies .


Biochips are one of the core technologies in the field .


BMEC general director Dr. Johnsee Lee says that the ITRI 's four - year R&D program in biochip applications and technology is now in its second year .

<org>BMEC</org> general director Dr. <person>Johnsee Lee</person> says that the <org>ITRI</org> 's <date>four - year</date> R&D program in biochip applications and technology is now in its <date>second year</date> .


Its initial objectives are mainly focused on developing sensor chips to screen for infectious diseases , while later goals will be to develop technologies to test for genetic diseases and cancers .


As well as this new research establishment , in the two years since September 1998 three commercial companies have been set up in Taiwan to make biochips : U - Vision Biotech , Taiwan Genome Sciences and DR. Chip Biotechnology .

As well as this new research establishment , in <date>the two years</date> since <date>September 1998</date> <cardinal>three</cardinal> commercial companies have been set up in <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> to make biochips : <org>U - Vision Biotech</org> , <org>Taiwan Genome Sciences</org> and <org>DR. Chip Biotechnology</org> .


Of these , DR. Chip attracted much attention this year when it developed a chip to detect enteroviruses , a deadly epidemic of which has gripped Taiwan over the last two years .

Of these , <org>DR. Chip</org> attracted much attention <org>this year</org> when it developed a chip to detect enteroviruses , a deadly epidemic of which has gripped <gpe>Taiwan</gpe> over <date>the last two years</date> .


Fever chips


DR. Chip Bio-technology was set up in September 1998 .

<org>DR. Chip Bio-technology</org> was set up in <date>September 1998</date> .


Vice president Wang Shin - hwan states that the company successfully applied to the Ministry of Economic Affairs for funding to help it pursue a development program for enterovirus detection chips and test technology .

Vice president <person>Wang Shin - hwan</person> states that the company successfully applied to <org>the Ministry of Economic Affairs</org> for funding to help it pursue a development program for enterovirus detection chips and test technology .


Today , the enterovirus chip is in the testing phase , and DR. Chip is collaborating with Taipei Veterans General Hospital to obtain samples with which to establish the accuracy of the chip .

Today , the enterovirus chip is in the testing phase , and <org>DR. Chip</org> is collaborating with <org>Taipei Veterans General Hospital</org> to obtain samples with which to establish the accuracy of the chip .


What is so remarkable about the enterovirus detection chip when compared with traditional test methods ?


There are 68 known forms of non-polio enterovirus .

There are <cardinal>68</cardinal> known forms of non-polio enterovirus .


The detection chip does not simply determine whether a person is infected with enterovirus , but can also differentiate between different virus groups , for instance showing whether a sample contains the deadly Entero 71 virus , or Coxsackie A16 , which is easily confused with Entero 71 .


In addition , the chip and its accompanying PCR kit greatly reduce the time required for testing .


Wang Shin - hwan notes that traditional bacterial and viral cultures take seven to ten days to prepare , and even with the newer molecular biology testing techniques it takes three days to get a result .

<person>Wang Shin - hwan</person> notes that traditional bacterial and viral cultures take seven to ten days to prepare , and even with the newer molecular biology testing techniques it takes <date>three days</date> to get a result .


But DR. Chip has developed methods to reduce the sample preparation time , which enables a result to be obtained in only six hours when used in combination with their enterovirus chip .

But <org>DR. Chip</org> has developed methods to reduce the sample preparation time , which enables a result to be obtained in <time>only six hours</time> when used in combination with their enterovirus chip .


Furthermore , the initial results of joint trials by DR. Chip , Chang Gung University and National Cheng Kung University suggest that the chip is over a thousand times more sensitive than traditional test methods .

Furthermore , the initial results of joint trials by <org>DR. Chip</org> , <org>Chang Gung University</org> and <org>National Cheng Kung University</org> suggest that the chip is over a <cardinal>thousand</cardinal> times more sensitive than traditional test methods .


" In addition to enterovirus , we plan to develop chips to detect other infectious diseases such as hepatitis B , hepatitis C and HIV , " says Wang Shin - hwan .

" In addition to enterovirus , we plan to develop chips to detect other infectious diseases such as hepatitis B , hepatitis C and HIV , " says <person>Wang Shin - hwan</person> .


Apart from the enterovirus chip , which is already at the testing stage , the ITRI 's Molecular Biomedical Technology Division is also conducting research and development on biochip applications and technology .

Apart from the enterovirus chip , which is already at the testing stage , <org>the ITRI 's Molecular Biomedical Technology Division</org> is also conducting research and development on biochip applications and technology .


Research program director Pan Chao - chi states that at present they are actively developing a " fever chip " with a wide range of applications .

Research program director <person>Pan Chao - chi</person> states that at present they are actively developing a " fever chip " with a wide range of applications .


Pan explains that in clinical practice , the causes of fever are difficult to quickly diagnose .


A " fever chip " bearing the DNA of common fever - causing viruses and bacteria could be used to determine the cause of the fever and the type of pathogen involved would be a valuable tool .


However , Pan points out that because of the difficulties in substantially reducing the time needed for sample preparation , the usefulness of such a fever chip is still limited , so that it can not yet be widely promoted .

However , <person>Pan</person> points out that because of the difficulties in substantially reducing the time needed for sample preparation , the usefulness of such a fever chip is still limited , so that it can not yet be widely promoted .


Where the real money is


At present , most applications for biochips are in academic research and the development of new pharmaceutical drugs .


Demand for them is growing rapidly .