Question: Why does the handle of a metal spoon get hot when the spoon is left in a hot cup of coffee?

Answer: Heat travels up the spoon by conduction

Conduction carries heat along the metal
The spoon heats by thermal conduction

Explanation: Metals are excellent thermal conductors, quickly moving heat from the hot end to the cool end.


Question: If you hold your breath for as long as you can, you eventually feel a strong urge to breathe. What directly causes this urge?

Answer: A buildup of carbon dioxide in your blood

Increased carbon dioxide levels
Rising CO2 concentration

Explanation: The brain's respiratory center is primarily sensitive to changes in carbon dioxide levels in the blood.


Question: When you cut a fresh apple and leave it on the counter, its white flesh turns brown in a few minutes. What causes this browning?

Answer: Oxidation of compounds in the apple when exposed to air

Oxygen reacts with enzymes in the apple
Enzymatic browning from air exposure

Enzymatic oxidation (polyphenol oxidase reacting with oxygen)

Explanation: Enzymes in the apple catalyze a reaction with oxygen to produce brown pigments.


Question: A cork floats in water, but a heavy steel anchor sinks. Why does the anchor sink while the cork floats?

Answer: The anchor is denser than water, while the cork is less dense

Density determines whether objects sink or float

The anchor's density is greater than water's

The anchor is denser than water while cork is less dense

Explanation: An object will sink if its density is higher than the density of the fluid it is in.


Question: Many city crews sweep fallen leaves away from curbs even on dry days. What is the primary reason for this practice?

Answer: To prevent leaves from blocking storm drains and causing floods

To keep storm drains clear of debris
To avoid drain blockages

To prevent leaves from clogging storm drains when it rains

Explanation: Accumulated leaves can wash into storm drains during rain, clogging them and leading to street flooding.


Question: Why does a window pane become foggy on the inside during a cold day?

Answer: Warm moist air condenses on the cold glass surface

Condensation forms due to temperature difference

Condensation forms when warm indoor air contacts the cold glass, cooling below its dew point.

Explanation: Warm air holds more moisture; when it cools on the cold glass, water droplets form.


Question: What causes a wooden floor to creak more during humid summer months?

Answer: Wood expands with increased moisture, leading to friction between boards

Humidity makes wood swell, causing squeaks

Wood absorbs moisture and expands, causing boards to rub against each other or fasteners.

Explanation: Wood absorbs water vapor and expands, creating pressure and movement.


Question: What happens to a balloon filled with air when it is moved from a cold garage to a warm room?

Answer: The air inside expands, potentially causing the balloon to burst

The air inside expands due to higher temperature, making the balloon inflate more or potentially burst.

Explanation: Warm air increases pressure inside the balloon, exceeding its elasticity.


Question: Why does the cover of a paperback book often curl in a humid environment?

Answer: Paper absorbs moisture and expands unevenly, causing warping

Paper absorbs moisture unevenly, causing differential expansion that leads to curling.

Explanation: Paper is hygroscopic; it swells when it absorbs water vapor.


Question: If the first speaker in a scheduled meeting is delayed, what is a likely effect on the agenda?

Answer: Subsequent items are pushed back, shortening discussion time for later topics

The schedule is compressed to fit all items

The agenda gets delayed, subsequent items start later, or items may be shortened or skipped.

Explanation: Delays cascade, reducing time allocated for each remaining item.


Question: What causes a starch-based soup to become thicker as it cools down?

Answer: Starch molecules reassociate and form a gel-like structure

Cooling allows starch to set and thicken

Starch molecules retrograde and form a gel network as temperature decreases, trapping water and increasing viscosity.

Explanation: Starch granules swell when hot and then gel upon cooling, increasing viscosity.


Question: A person wears a dark wool sweater while walking on a sunny winter day. Why might they start to feel overheated even when the air is cold?

Answer: The dark color absorbs more sunlight as heat

Dark colors absorb more solar radiation, and wool insulates well, trapping body heat.

Explanation: Dark surfaces absorb more radiant energy and convert it to heat.


Question: If a busy restaurant stops refilling its water glasses promptly, what social effect is likely to follow?

Answer: Customers perceive slower service and tip less

Customers may feel neglected, leading to dissatisfaction, lower tips, or negative reviews.

Explanation: Small service gaps shape overall impressions and spending behavior.


Question: A cyclist rides over a metal manhole cover on a rainy road. Why is the cover more dangerous than the asphalt around it?

Answer: It offers less friction and is slippery

Metal becomes very slippery when wet, offering less friction than asphalt.

Explanation: Smooth metal sheds water poorly and reduces tire traction.


Question: Why does a loaf of bread go stale faster when stored in a refrigerator than at room temperature?

Answer: Cold accelerates starch recrystallization

Refrigeration accelerates starch retrogradation (recrystallization), which causes staling.

Explanation: Retrogradation of starch is faster at cool temperatures than at room temp.


Question: A town builds a large dam upstream of a river delta. What is a likely downstream consequence after several years?

Answer: The delta shrinks from less sediment

Delta erosion and subsidence due to sediment trapping

Explanation: Dams trap sediment that formerly built and maintained the delta.


Question: Two neighbors share a wall; one installs a loud exhaust fan venting into the shared cavity. What is the probable result for the other neighbor?

Answer: Noise and vibration transfer through the wall

Noise transmission through the shared wall

Explanation: Mechanical and acoustic energy couples through the common structure.


Question: What change occurs in an inflated balloon after it is placed in a freezer for several hours?

Answer: It shrinks because the air inside cools and contracts.

It gets smaller as the cold air occupies less volume

The balloon shrinks as the gas inside contracts

Explanation: Cooling reduces molecular motion, so the air occupies less space.


Question: You enter your home and smell a strong odor of natural gas. What is the most sensible first action?

Answer: Open windows and doors

Leave the house immediately and call emergency services from outside

Explanation: Ventilating the area reduces the risk of an explosion by allowing gas to disperse.


Question: While cooking, you accidentally touch a hot pan and get a minor burn on your finger. What should you do first?

Answer: Cool it under cold running water

Run cold water over it
Cool the burn with cold water

Run cool water over the burn for 10-20 minutes

Explanation: Cold water helps lower the temperature of the burn and soothe pain.


Question: You have an important work report due tomorrow, and a friend asks you to help them move furniture tonight. What is the most sensible response?

Answer: Politely decline and explain the deadline

Tell them you cannot because of the deadline

Politely decline and explain you have a deadline

Explanation: Prioritizing the deadline ensures the critical task is completed on time without risking quality or sleep.


Question: A small grease fire starts in a pan on your stove. What is the safest way to put it out?

Answer: Cover the pan with a lid

Smother it with a lid
Put a metal lid over the pan

Turn off heat and cover the pan with a lid to smother flames

Explanation: A lid cuts off the oxygen supply, which starves the fire.


Question: You are packing for a three-day weekend trip to a coastal city where the forecast shows morning fog, afternoon sun, and possible evening rain. What is the most sensible clothing item to bring?

Answer: A light waterproof jacket

A rain jacket
A packable waterproof shell

Explanation: A light waterproof jacket is versatile for various conditions without being bulky.


Question: You are grocery shopping on a tight budget and see a tempting display of expensive snacks at the checkout. What is the most sensible action?

Answer: Ignore it and stick to your list

Resist the temptation and follow your list

Ignore the display and stick to your shopping list/budget

Explanation: Sticking to a list prevents impulse spending and keeps you within budget.


Question: If you spill a liquid on a wooden floor, what is the first thing to do?

Answer: Wipe it up immediately

Explanation: Prompt cleaning prevents damage to the wood.


Question: When you notice a strange smell coming from the refrigerator, what should you check first?

Answer: Expired food items

Explanation: Strange smells often indicate spoiled food that needs to be discarded.


Question: Before going on a long drive in winter, what is essential to have in your car?

Answer: An emergency kit

Explanation: Winter driving can lead to emergencies, so being prepared is crucial.


Question: If you are writing an important email and your computer crashes, what is the best immediate action to prevent loss?

Answer: Save your work frequently

Explanation: Regular saving minimizes data loss in case of crashes.


Question: When planting a garden, what is a key factor to consider for plant growth?

Answer: Sunlight exposure

Explanation: Most plants need adequate sunlight to thrive.


Question: If you are at a public event and feel unwell, what is the safest step to take?

Answer: Seek help from event staff

Explanation: Event staff are trained to handle medical situations and can provide appropriate help.


Question: You are walking on a sidewalk and see a cyclist approaching from behind on a shared path. What should you do?

Answer: Move to the right

Move to the side and allow the cyclist to pass

Explanation: Keeping right lets the cyclist pass safely without swerving into traffic.


Question: You receive an unexpected email asking for your bank password to verify your account. What is the correct action?

Answer: Ignore the email

Do not reply and report the email as phishing

Explanation: Banks never request passwords by email, so it is a phishing attempt.


Question: You are carrying hot food across a crowded room. What is the safest way to move?

Answer: Walk slowly

Walk slowly, keep the food away from others, and warn them

Explanation: Slow movement reduces the chance of spilling or tripping near others.


Question: Your smoke alarm goes off while you are frying food but you see no flames. What should you check first?

Answer: The pan on the stove

Check if the alarm was triggered by steam or smoke from cooking

Explanation: The alarm likely detected smoke from the cooking, so check the source.


Question: You are at a quiet library and your phone starts ringing. What is the right thing to do?

Answer: Silence it quietly

Silence the phone and take the call outside.

Explanation: Silencing avoids disturbing others in a silent study space.


Question: You notice a small puddle of water near a floor electrical outlet at home. What should you do before cleaning it?

Answer: Cut the power

Explanation: Water and live electricity risk shock, so disconnect power first.


Question: A pot of water is heated on a stove. When the water starts boiling, what happens to its temperature as you continue to add heat?

Answer: It stays constant at the boiling point

It remains at 100°C
The temperature plateaus

The temperature stays constant at the boiling point.

Explanation: During boiling, the added heat goes into the phase change from liquid to vapor, not into raising the temperature.


Question: A child on a swing reaches the highest point of the forward motion. What happens next?

Answer: The swing will start moving backward

The swing reverses direction
It begins to go backward

The child swings back down in the opposite direction.

Explanation: Gravity provides a restoring force that pulls the swing back toward the lowest point.


Question: A coin is placed in the bottom of an opaque cup. You position yourself so the coin is just out of sight behind the rim. While remaining still, you slowly pour water into the cup. What will you see?

Answer: The coin will become visible

The coin becomes visible due to refraction of light through the water.

Explanation: Light from the coin is bent as it passes from water to air, making the coin appear at a higher position.


Question: A student sets up a circuit with a battery and two identical light bulbs connected in parallel. Both bulbs light up. If the student unscrews one bulb, what will happen to the other?

Answer: It will stay lit at the same brightness

The other bulb continues to shine as before

The other bulb stays lit with the same brightness.

Explanation: In a parallel circuit, each bulb receives the full battery voltage independently.


Question: A stone is dropped into a still pond, creating expanding ripples. A leaf is floating on the surface some distance away. When the ripples reach the leaf, what will the leaf do?

Answer: It will bob up and down

It will oscillate vertically
It will move up and down

The leaf bobs up and down but does not move horizontally with the wave.

Explanation: Water waves cause floating objects to trace circular paths, resulting in vertical bobbing.


Question: A compass is placed next to a straight wire that is not connected to anything. The compass needle points north. You then connect the wire to a battery so a current flows through it. What will happen to the compass needle?

Answer: It will deflect from north

The compass will be affected by the magnetic field from the wire

The compass needle will deflect from pointing north due to the magnetic field created by the current in the wire.

Explanation: An electric current in a wire produces a magnetic field that exerts a torque on the compass needle.


Question: A cannonball is fired horizontally from a cliff. What will happen next?

Answer: It follows a parabolic arc downward

Explanation: Gravity causes downward acceleration while horizontal motion continues.


Question: A hole is poked at the bottom of a water-filled bottle. What happens next?

Answer: Water jets out horizontally

Explanation: Water pressure forces it out through the opening.


Question: Two bar magnets are brought close with their north poles facing. What happens next?

Answer: They repel each other

Explanation: Like magnetic poles repel.


Question: A ray of light passes through a convex lens from a distant source. What happens after exiting?

Answer: Light focuses to a point

Explanation: A convex lens converges parallel light rays.


Question: A loud sound is made in a large empty hall. What happens next?

Answer: Echoes are produced

Explanation: Sound waves reflect off hard walls.


Question: A pendulum is released from a raised position. What happens after it swings to the lowest point?

Answer: It swings to the opposite side

Explanation: Energy conservation causes it to swing to a similar height.


Question: A ball is dropped straight down inside a moving train that moves at constant speed. Where does it land relative to the drop point?

Answer: Directly below the drop point

Explanation: The ball keeps the train's forward speed, so it falls straight in the train frame.


Question: A sealed balloon is squeezed in the middle so one side bulges out. What happens to the air pressure inside the squeezed part?

Answer: It increases

Explanation: Reducing volume in that region raises pressure by compressing the air.


Question: A floating cork is pushed down into water and let go. What does it do next?

Answer: It bobs back up

Explanation: Buoyant force exceeds weight once released, pushing it upward.


Question: A rope over a frictionless pulley has a heavy box on one side and a light book on the other. Both are released. What happens?

Answer: The box descends

The heavy box falls, the light book rises.

Explanation: The heavier mass accelerates downward under gravity.


Question: A dry leaf is placed on a still pond and a stone is dropped nearby. What does the leaf do as the waves arrive?

Answer: It bobs up and down

Explanation: Surface waves move the leaf vertically without carrying it horizontally.


Question: A person shouts loudly in a large empty canyon. After a few seconds, they hear a similar sound again. What caused this later sound?

Answer: Reflection of the original sound from canyon walls

The later sound is an echo caused by reflection of the sound waves off the canyon walls.

Explanation: Sound waves reflect from hard, distant surfaces and return to the listener.


Question: How many bones are in the adult human body?

Answer: 206

Explanation: The adult human skeleton comprises 206 bones.


Question: What is the largest mammal in the world?

Answer: Blue whale

Explanation: The blue whale is the largest known animal to have ever existed.


Question: In which modern country is the ancient city of Machu Picchu located?

Answer: Peru

Explanation: Machu Picchu is a 15th-century Inca citadel situated in southern Peru.


Question: Which planet in our solar system is known for having a Great Red Spot?

Answer: Jupiter

Explanation: Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system and has a prominent storm called the Great Red Spot.


Question: What type of animal is a dolphin classified as?

Answer: Mammal

Explanation: Dolphins are warm-blooded, breathe air, and nurse their young, which are characteristics of mammals.


Question: On which continent can you find the Amazon Rainforest?

Answer: South America

Explanation: The Amazon Rainforest is primarily located in the continent of South America.


Question: In what year did World War II end?

Answer: 1945

Explanation: World War II concluded with the surrender of Germany and Japan in 1945.


Question: What is the chemical formula for table salt?

Answer: NaCl

Explanation: Table salt is composed of sodium and chlorine ions, represented as NaCl in chemical notation.


Question: What causes the rainbow to appear in the sky after rain?

Answer: Refraction and dispersion of light

Explanation: Rainbows form when sunlight is refracted and dispersed through water droplets in the air.


Question: How many sides does a hexagon have?

Answer: 6

Explanation: A hexagon is a polygon with six sides.


Question: What gas do plants absorb from the air for photosynthesis?

Answer: Carbon dioxide

Explanation: Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen during photosynthesis.


Question: Which celestial body orbits Earth?

Answer: The Moon

Explanation: The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite.


Question: Which animal is known as the king of the jungle?

Answer: Lion

Explanation: The lion is commonly called the king of the jungle.


Question: What is the past tense of the verb 'go'?

Answer: went

Explanation: 'Go' is an irregular verb; its simple past tense is 'went'.


Question: In what year did the American Revolutionary War begin?

Answer: 1775

Explanation: The war started in April 1775 with the Battles of Lexington and Concord.


Question: How many degrees are in a triangle?

Answer: 180

Explanation: The interior angles of any triangle sum to 180 degrees.


Question: What part of speech is the word 'quickly'?

Answer: adverb

Explanation: 'Quickly' modifies a verb, describing how an action is performed, making it an adverb.


Question: What is the process called when water changes from a liquid to a gas?

Answer: evaporation

Explanation: Evaporation is the change of state from liquid to gas at the water's surface.


Question: What does the word 'compromise' mean in the context of a disagreement?

Answer: A settlement reached by mutual concessions

An agreement where each side gives up something

A mutual agreement reached by each side making concessions

Explanation: Compromise involves both parties making concessions to reach a middle ground.


Question: What is a habit, as it relates to behavior?

Answer: A regular, often unconscious pattern of behavior

A routine behavior that is hard to give up

A regular, often unconscious pattern of behavior acquired through repetition

Explanation: Habits are repetitive behaviors that become automatic through repetition.


Question: What is evidence in a factual investigation?

Answer: Information that supports or refutes a claim

Facts used to prove something
Data pointing to a conclusion

Facts, information, or objects that help prove or disprove something

Explanation: Evidence consists of facts or data used to test the truth of a statement.


Question: What does the term 'prejudice' refer to in social contexts?

Answer: A preconceived opinion not based on reason or actual experience

Bias against someone based on stereotypes

A preconceived opinion not based on reason or actual experience; bias against a group

Explanation: Prejudice is a premature judgment formed without sufficient knowledge.


Question: What is resilience in personal development?

Answer: The ability to recover quickly from difficulties

Mental toughness to bounce back
Capacity to adapt to adversity

The ability to recover from or adapt to difficulties and challenges

Explanation: Resilience refers to bouncing back and adapting well in the face of adversity.


Question: What does empathy mean in interpersonal relations?

Answer: The ability to understand and share someone else's feelings

Putting yourself in another's shoes
Understanding another person's emotions

The ability to understand and share the feelings of another person

Explanation: Empathy involves sensing others' emotions and comprehending their perspective.


Question: What is a compromise?

Answer: An agreement where each side gives up something

A settlement reached by mutual concession

An agreement reached by mutual concessions.

Explanation: A compromise is reached when conflicting parties each yield part of their demands.


Question: What is evidence?

Answer: Information that supports a claim

Facts or information indicating truth or validity.

Explanation: Evidence consists of data or facts that lend support to a conclusion or assertion.


Question: What is an assumption?

Answer: Something accepted as true without proof

Something accepted as true without proof.

Explanation: An assumption is a belief held as a basis though it has not been demonstrated.


Question: What is a metaphor?

Answer: A figure of speech comparing unlike things

A nonliteral comparison without like or as

A figure of speech comparing two unlike things.

Explanation: A metaphor directly equates one thing with another to suggest a resemblance.


Question: What is inertia?

Answer: Resistance to change in motion

Tendency of objects to keep their state of motion

Explanation: Inertia is the property of matter by which it resists changes to its velocity.


Question: What is honesty?

Answer: The quality of being truthful and sincere

Truthfulness
The virtue of telling the truth

The quality of being truthful, sincere, and free from deceit

Explanation: Honesty means not lying or deceiving others; it is about truthfulness and sincerity.


Question: What is patience?

Answer: The capacity to tolerate delay or difficulty without becoming annoyed

Endurance in waiting
Calmness in the face of frustration

The capacity to accept or tolerate delay, trouble, or suffering without getting angry or upset

Explanation: Patience involves staying calm when things do not happen immediately or when facing obstacles.


Question: What is efficiency?

Answer: Doing something with the least waste of time and resources

Productiveness with minimal waste
Maximum output per unit of input

The ability to accomplish a task with minimum waste of time, effort, or resources

Explanation: Efficiency is about achieving a goal with minimal wasted effort, time, or materials.


Question: What is a paradox?

Answer: A statement that appears to contradict itself but may express a truth

An apparent contradiction that reveals a deeper truth

A statement or situation that seems contradictory or absurd but may be true in reality

Explanation: A paradox seems illogical at first but often contains an insight that resolves the contradiction.


Question: What is resilience?

Answer: Ability to recover quickly from difficulties

the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties

Explanation: Resilience refers to the ability to adapt and recover from adversity.


Question: What does 'consensus' mean?

Answer: General agreement among a group

Explanation: Consensus involves a general agreement without significant opposition.


Question: What is curiosity?

Answer: A strong desire to know or learn something

a strong desire to know or learn something

Explanation: Curiosity drives exploration and learning through questioning.


Question: Read: 'The ground was wet this morning. Puddles reflected the gray sky.' What probably happened earlier?

Answer: It rained

Explanation: Wet ground and puddles indicate recent rain.


Question: Read: 'The bird kept flying into the window. It would sit on the sill for a moment, then try again.' What might the bird be seeing?

Answer: Its reflection

Explanation: Birds often attack their reflection, thinking it is another bird.


Question: Read: 'The tomato plant leaned toward the window. The side away from the glass grew shorter leaves.' What is the plant responding to?

Answer: Sunlight

Explanation: Plants grow toward light sources in a response called phototropism.


Question: Read: 'Lena left a glass of water in the freezer overnight. In the morning, the glass was cracked.' Why did the glass crack?

Answer: The water expanded when it froze

Water expands when freezing
Ice expanded

Explanation: Water expands upon freezing, exerting enough pressure to crack the glass.


Question: Read: 'Jamal walked into the dark room and smelled something sweet. He felt his way to the table and found a sticky spot.' What had likely spilled?

Answer: Juice

Explanation: A sweet smell and sticky residue are typical of a sugary liquid like juice.


Question: Read: 'Anna put a metal spoon in a mug of hot cocoa. After a minute, the spoon handle felt warm.' How did heat travel up the spoon?

Answer: Conduction

Heat traveled up the spoon by conduction through the metal.

Explanation: Heat transfers through solid metal primarily by conduction.


Question: Read: 'The cake was overbrowned on top but still raw inside. Tom turned down the oven temperature for the next batch.' What adjustment did Tom make?

Answer: Lowered the oven temperature

Explanation: To prevent overbrowning and undercooking, he lowered the temperature.


Question: Read: 'Dark clouds gathered on the horizon, and the wind picked up speed. Sarah decided to bring the laundry inside.' Why did Sarah bring the laundry inside?

Answer: To avoid rain

Explanation: The dark clouds and wind suggest impending rain.


Question: Read: 'The library book was overdue by three days, and Maria found a fine notice in her email. She paid the fee immediately.' What did Maria do about the overdue book?

Answer: Paid the fine

Explanation: The fine notice led her to pay the overdue fee.


Question: Read: 'The dog barked loudly at the stranger approaching the door. The owner called the dog to come inside.' What did the owner do in response to the barking?

Answer: Called the dog inside

Explanation: To stop the barking or for safety, the owner called the dog in.


Question: Read: 'A thin layer of ice formed on the pond by dawn. The ducks stayed in the reeds where the water moved.' Why did the ducks avoid the open pond?

Answer: It was frozen

Explanation: Ice formed on the pond, so the open water was frozen.


Question: Read: 'Lena tied the string tightly around the bundle. The knot held even when the wind pulled at the paper.' What kept the bundle closed?

Answer: A knot

Explanation: The text states the knot held the bundle together.


Question: Read: 'The soil was dry and cracked after weeks without rain. The small seedlings bent toward the ground.' What condition harmed the seedlings?

Answer: Drought

Explanation: Dry cracked soil from no rain indicates drought stress.


Question: Read: 'The river narrowed at the bend and flowed faster there. The boat moved with little effort past that point.' Why did the boat move easily?

Answer: Faster current

Explanation: The narrowed river created a faster current that aided the boat.


Question: Read: 'The sidewalks are dry now, but the streets are still wet.' What most likely happened earlier?

Answer: It rained

It rained earlier, and the sidewalks dried faster than the streets.

Explanation: Wet streets with dry sidewalks indicate recent rain.


Question: Read: 'The alarm clock is ringing, but the person in bed has not moved.' What does this suggest?

Answer: They are still asleep

The person is still asleep or ignoring the alarm.

Explanation: Not moving despite a ringing alarm indicates they have not woken up.


Question: Read: 'A full glass of water is on the table. A puddle of water sits next to the glass.' What likely happened?

Answer: Water spilled from the glass

Water spilled from the glass or condensation dripped onto the table.

Explanation: The puddle next to the full glass indicates some water was spilled.


Question: Read: 'The leaves on the ground are dry and brown. The temperature has been dropping at night.' What season is it likely?

Answer: Autumn

Explanation: Dry leaves on the ground and cool nights are characteristic of autumn.


Question: In the sentence 'Although it was raining, the children played outside,' what is the main clause?

Answer: the children played outside

Explanation: The main clause is the independent clause that can stand alone as a sentence.


Question: In the sentence 'She gave her brother a birthday present,' which is the direct object?

Answer: a birthday present

Explanation: The direct object receives the action of the verb 'gave'; it is the thing given.


Question: In the sentence 'The cat slept under the warm blanket,' what is the object of the preposition 'under'?

Answer: the warm blanket

Explanation: The object of a preposition is the noun phrase that follows the preposition and completes its meaning.


Question: What tense is used in the clause 'they had already eaten' in the sentence 'By the time we arrived, they had already eaten dinner'?

Answer: past perfect

Explanation: 'Had eaten' is the past perfect tense, indicating an action completed before another past action.


Question: In the sentence 'Running quickly, the athlete won the race,' what is the subject of the main clause?

Answer: the athlete

Explanation: The subject of the main clause is the person performing the action of the verb 'won'.


Question: In the sentence 'I believe that honesty is important,' which part is a noun clause?

Answer: that honesty is important

Explanation: A noun clause acts as a noun; 'that honesty is important' is the object of the verb 'believe' and is a noun clause.


Question: In the sentence 'After the rain stopped, the children went outside to play,' what type of clause is 'After the rain stopped'?

Answer: dependent clause

Explanation: It cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and modifies the main clause.


Question: In the sentence 'She gave her friend a beautiful painting,' what is the indirect object?

Answer: her friend

Explanation: The indirect object is the recipient of the direct object 'a beautiful painting'.


Question: In the sentence 'They had been waiting for hours before the bus arrived,' what tense is the verb phrase 'had been waiting'?

Answer: past perfect continuous

Explanation: It indicates an action that started in the past and continued up to another past point.


Question: In the sentence 'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog,' what part of speech is 'quick'?

Answer: adjective

Explanation: 'Quick' describes the noun 'fox' and comes before it.


Question: In the sentence 'Each of the students has completed the assignment,' which word agrees with 'each' in number?

Answer: has

Explanation: 'Each' is singular, so it takes the singular verb 'has'.


Question: In the sentence 'When the sun set, we lit the candles, and we continued reading,' what type of sentence is this?

Answer: compound-complex sentence

Explanation: It has a dependent clause ('When the sun set') and two independent clauses joined by 'and'.


Question: In the sentence 'The manager who hired us explained the new policy clearly', which words form the relative clause?

Answer: who hired us

Explanation: The relative clause 'who hired us' modifies 'manager' and begins with the relative pronoun 'who'.


Question: In the sentence 'The committee sent the report to the board yesterday', what is the direct object?

Answer: the report

Explanation: The direct object receives the action of the verb 'sent' and is 'the report'.


Question: In the sentence 'They had finished the project before the deadline arrived', what tense is 'had finished'?

Answer: past perfect

Explanation: 'Had finished' uses had plus a past participle to show an action completed before another past event.


Question: In the sentence 'The dogs barked while the mail carrier walked past', which noun is the subject of the second clause?

Answer: the mail carrier

Explanation: In the clause 'while the mail carrier walked past', 'the mail carrier' performs the action 'walked'.


Question: What is the plural form of the noun 'leaf'?

Answer: leaves

Explanation: Nouns ending in -f often change to -ves in the plural, so 'leaf' becomes 'leaves'.


Question: In the sentence 'Because it rained, the match was postponed', what type of clause is 'Because it rained'?

Answer: subordinate clause

Explanation: 'Because it rained' cannot stand alone and depends on the main clause for its meaning.


Question: Rewrite the following sentence in the passive voice: 'The chef prepared a delicious meal.'

Answer: A delicious meal was prepared by the chef.

A delicious meal was prepared by the chef.

Explanation: In passive voice, the object becomes the subject and the subject becomes the agent introduced by 'by'.


Question: Rewrite the following direct speech as reported speech: He said, 'I am going to the store.'

Answer: He said that he was going to the store.

Explanation: In reported speech, present continuous changes to past continuous and the pronoun changes to match the speaker.


Question: Combine these two sentences into one sentence using a suitable conjunction: 'It rained heavily. The streets flooded.'

Answer: Because it rained heavily, the streets flooded.

The streets flooded because it rained heavily.

It rained heavily, so the streets flooded.

Explanation: The conjunction 'because' correctly shows cause and effect between the rain and the flooding.


Question: Rewrite the following sentence in the passive voice: 'The museum will open the new exhibit tomorrow.'

Answer: The new exhibit will be opened by the museum tomorrow.

The new exhibit will be opened by the museum tomorrow.

Explanation: In passive voice, the future simple becomes 'will be' plus past participle, and the subject becomes the agent.


Question: Rewrite the following direct speech as reported speech: She asked, 'Can you help me?'

Answer: She asked if I could help her.

Explanation: In reported speech, the modal 'can' changes to 'could' and the pronouns adjust appropriately.


Question: Combine these two sentences into one using a relative pronoun: 'I met a woman. She writes novels.'

Answer: I met a woman who writes novels.

Explanation: The relative pronoun 'who' correctly connects the two sentences and refers to the woman.


Question: Rewrite the sentence in the passive voice: 'The cat chased the mouse.'

Answer: The mouse was chased by the cat.

Explanation: In passive voice, the object becomes the subject, and the verb changes to past participle with 'was'.


Question: Convert to reported speech: 'She said, "I am going to the store."'

Answer: She said that she was going to the store.

She said that she was going to the store.

Explanation: In reported speech, the pronoun and tense shift from present to past for consistency.


Question: Combine these two sentences into one using a subordinating conjunction: 'The sun set. The sky turned orange.'

Answer: When the sun set, the sky turned orange.

After the sun set, the sky turned orange.

Explanation: Using 'when' indicates that the sky turned orange at the time of the sunset.


Question: Rewrite in the future tense: 'She eats breakfast every morning.'

Answer: She will eat breakfast every morning.

Explanation: The future simple tense uses 'will' followed by the base verb.


Question: Change to plural: 'The child played with a toy.'

Answer: The children played with toys.

Explanation: Both the noun and object are made plural to reflect more than one.


Question: Rewrite the sentence 'The cat ate the fish' in the future perfect tense.

Answer: The cat will have eaten the fish.

Explanation: Future perfect uses 'will have' plus the past participle 'eaten'.


Question: Change the noun phrase 'one book' to plural form.

Answer: two books

Explanation: The plural of 'book' is 'books' and the numeral changes to 'two'.


Question: What is the antonym of the adjective 'transparent'?

Answer: opaque

Explanation: Opaque means not allowing light through, the opposite of transparent.


Question: Reorder the words to form a grammatically correct sentence: 'tree the under slept dog the'.

Answer: The dog slept under the tree.

Explanation: Subject 'dog' precedes verb 'slept' with the prepositional phrase at the end.


Question: Convert the command 'Close the window' into a negative infinitive instruction.

Answer: Do not close the window.

Explanation: Negative imperatives use 'do not' before the base verb.


Question: Rewrite 'He can swim well' using the modal 'might' to express possibility.

Answer: He might swim well.

Explanation: Replacing 'can' with 'might' changes ability to possibility with the base verb.


Question: Rewrite this direct speech in reported speech: She said, 'I enjoy gardening.'

Answer: She said that she enjoyed gardening.

Explanation: The present tense verb 'enjoy' backshifts to past tense 'enjoyed' after a past reporting verb.


Question: Statement A: 'The library is open every weekday.' Statement B: 'The library is closed on weekends.' Statement C: 'The library is open on Saturdays.' Which pair of statements contradicts each other?

Answer: B and C

Statements B and C contradict
B and C conflict

Explanation: B says the library is closed on weekends, but C says it is open on Saturdays, which is a weekend day.


Question: Statement A: 'Emily never eats meat.' Statement B: 'Emily eats chicken at least once a week.' Statement C: 'Emily's favorite food is tofu.' Which pair of statements cannot both be true?

Answer: A and B

Statements A and B contradict
A conflicts with B

Explanation: If Emily never eats meat, she cannot eat chicken, so A and B are contradictory.


Question: Statement A: 'It rained yesterday.' Statement B: 'It was sunny all day yesterday.' Statement C: 'The ground was wet yesterday morning.' Which two statements are contradictory?

Answer: A and B

Explanation: It cannot both rain and be sunny all day, so A and B cannot both be true.


Question: Statement A: 'John is a teenager.' Statement B: 'John is 20 years old.' Statement C: 'John is older than 12.' Which pair must be false together?

Answer: A and B

A and B are contradictory
A contradicts B

Explanation: A teenager is between 13 and 19, so 20 years old contradicts being a teenager.


Question: Statement A: 'The red book is on the top shelf.' Statement B: 'The red book is on the middle shelf.' Statement C: 'The red book is higher than the bottom shelf.' Which statements are inconsistent with each other?

Answer: A and B

A and B are inconsistent
A and B contradict

Explanation: A book cannot be on both the top shelf and the middle shelf at the same time.


Question: Statement A: 'The car is either red or blue.' Statement B: 'The car is blue.' Statement C: 'The car is red.' Which pair of statements is logically contradictory?

Answer: B and C

Explanation: A car cannot be both blue and red at the same time.


Question: Consider these statements about weather: A: 'It always rains on Tuesdays.' B: 'Last Tuesday was sunny.' C: 'Next Tuesday will be cloudy.' Are all three statements consistent?

Answer: No

Explanation: A claim that it always rains on Tuesdays is contradicted by a sunny Tuesday.


Question: A says: 'John always exercises in the morning.' B reports: 'Yesterday, John exercised at night.' C says: 'John plans to exercise tomorrow morning.' Do all statements agree?

Answer: No

Explanation: A claim of always exercising in the morning is contradicted by an instance of night exercise.


Question: A: 'All employees must work on weekends.' B: 'The company is closed on weekends.' C: 'Alice is an employee.' Are these statements consistent?

Answer: No

Explanation: A requirement to work on weekends conflicts with the company being closed.


Question: Statement A: 'The library opens at 9 AM on weekdays.' Statement B: 'The library was open at 8 AM on Tuesday.' Are these consistent?

Answer: No

Explanation: Opening at 9 AM contradicts being open at 8 AM on a weekday.


Question: Statement A: 'Every bus on route 5 is electric.' Statement B: 'The bus we rode on route 5 used diesel.' Can both be true?

Answer: No

Explanation: A diesel bus on route 5 contradicts all such buses being electric.


Question: Statement A: 'The recipe requires exactly two eggs.' Statement B: 'The recipe uses three eggs.' Are the statements compatible?

Answer: No

Explanation: Requiring two eggs conflicts with using three.


Question: Statement A: 'The park closes at sunset.' Statement B: 'The park was open at midnight.' Do these agree?

Answer: No

Explanation: Being open at midnight contradicts closing at sunset.


Question: Statement A: 'All employees work remotely on Fridays.' Statement B: 'Carla worked in the office on Friday.' Are both possible?

Answer: No

Explanation: An employee in the office on Friday contradicts all working remotely.


Question: Statement A: 'The pool is heated to 28 degrees.' Statement B: 'The pool temperature was 22 degrees.' Can these both hold?

Answer: No

Explanation: A temperature of 22 degrees contradicts it being heated to 28.


Question: Statement A: 'The number is even.' Statement B: 'The number is odd.' Statement C: 'The number is a prime number.' Are these three statements consistent?

Answer: No

No, they contradict
No, they are not all true

Explanation: A number cannot be both even and odd, so statements A and B cannot both be true.


Question: Statement A: 'The person is over 40 years old.' Statement B: 'The person is under 30 years old.' Statement C: 'The person enjoys hiking.' Can all three claims be true?

Answer: No

Explanation: A person cannot be both over 40 and under 30, so A and B are contradictory.


Question: Statement A: 'All ingredients in the salad are vegetables.' Statement B: 'The salad contains chicken.' Statement C: 'The salad is served cold.' Are these statements consistent?

Answer: No

No, they conflict
No, it's not consistent

Explanation: Claiming all ingredients are vegetables contradicts containing chicken.


Question: All mammals are warm-blooded. No reptile is warm-blooded. A platypus is a mammal. What can be concluded?

Answer: A platypus is warm-blooded

That a platypus is warm-blooded
Platypuses are warm-blooded

Explanation: Since the platypus is a mammal and all mammals are warm-blooded, it is warm-blooded.


Question: All trees are plants. No plant can survive without water. A pine tree is a tree. What can be concluded?

Answer: A pine tree needs water

That a pine tree requires water
Pine trees need water

A pine tree cannot survive without water.

Explanation: Since a pine tree is a tree and all trees are plants, and no plant can survive without water, it needs water.


Question: All stars are luminous. No planet is luminous. The Sun is a star. What can be concluded?

Answer: The Sun is luminous

That the Sun is luminous
The Sun emits light

Explanation: Since the Sun is a star and all stars are luminous, it is luminous.


Question: All squares are rectangles. No triangle is a rectangle. A rhombus is a square. What can be concluded?

Answer: A rhombus is a rectangle

That a rhombus is a rectangle
Rhombuses are rectangles

Explanation: Since a rhombus is a square and all squares are rectangles, it is a rectangle.


Question: All novels are fiction. No biography is fiction. 'Moby Dick' is a novel. What can be concluded?

Answer: Moby Dick is fiction

That Moby Dick is a work of fiction
Moby Dick is fictional

Explanation: Since Moby Dick is a novel and all novels are fiction, it is fiction.


Question: All acids are corrosive. No base is corrosive. Hydrochloric acid is an acid. What can be concluded?

Answer: Hydrochloric acid is corrosive

That hydrochloric acid is corrosive
HCl is corrosive

Explanation: Since hydrochloric acid is an acid and all acids are corrosive, it is corrosive.


Question: All birds have feathers. No mammals have feathers. A bat is a mammal. What follows?

Answer: A bat does not have feathers

Explanation: From the premises, mammals do not have feathers, and a bat is a mammal.


Question: All vegetables grow in soil. No fruits grow in soil. A tomato is a fruit. What follows?

Answer: A tomato does not grow in soil

Explanation: Fruits do not grow in soil, and a tomato is classified as a fruit.


Question: All triangles have three sides. No circles have three sides. A shape is either a triangle or a circle. What follows about a shape that is not a triangle?

Answer: It is a circle

Explanation: From the disjunction, if it is not a triangle, it must be a circle.


Question: All humans are mortal. No mortals are immortal. Socrates is a human. What can we say about Socrates?

Answer: Socrates is not immortal

Explanation: As a human, Socrates is mortal, and mortals are not immortal.


Question: All positive numbers are greater than zero. No negative numbers are greater than zero. x is a negative number. What follows about x?

Answer: x is not greater than zero

Explanation: Negative numbers are not greater than zero, and x is negative.


Question: All mammals breathe air. All whales are mammals. No air-breathing animal can survive indefinitely without oxygen. What follows about whales?

Answer: Whales cannot survive indefinitely without oxygen

Whales cannot survive indefinitely without oxygen

Explanation: Whales are mammals that breathe air, so the oxygen rule applies to them.


Question: Every metal conducts electricity. Copper is a metal. Lead is not a good conductor of heat. What can be concluded about copper?

Answer: Copper conducts electricity

Explanation: The universal premise that all metals conduct electricity includes copper.


Question: All rivers flow to the sea. The Nile is a river. No river that flows to the sea is a closed lake. What is the Nile?

Answer: Not a closed lake

Explanation: Since the Nile flows to the sea, it cannot be a closed lake.


Question: No reptile is warm-blooded. A lizard is a reptile. All warm-blooded animals regulate their own body temperature. What follows about lizards?

Answer: Lizards do not regulate their own body temperature

Explanation: As reptiles, lizards are not warm-blooded and thus lack that trait.


Question: Every integer is a rational number. Three is an integer. No rational number is irrational. What is three?

Answer: Not irrational

Explanation: Three is rational, so by the negative premise it is not irrational.


Question: All amphibians are cold-blooded. No mammal is cold-blooded. All frogs are amphibians. What conclusion can be drawn about frogs?

Answer: Frogs are not mammals

Explanation: Since frogs are cold-blooded and no mammal is cold-blooded, frogs cannot be mammals.


Question: All mammals have a diaphragm. All animals that have a diaphragm are vertebrates. Bats are mammals. Are bats vertebrates?

Answer: Yes

Explanation: Bats inherit mammal status, which guarantees a diaphragm, which guarantees vertebrate status.


Question: If it is raining, then the ground is wet. It is raining. What rule says the ground is wet?

Answer: Modus ponens

Explanation: Modus ponens states that if P implies Q and P is true, then Q is true.


Question: If a number is even, then it is divisible by 2. A number is not divisible by 2. What rule says the number is not even?

Answer: Modus tollens

Explanation: Modus tollens states that if P implies Q and Q is false, then P is false.


Question: Either it is sunny or it is cloudy. It is not sunny. What rule says it is cloudy?

Answer: Disjunctive syllogism

Explanation: Disjunctive syllogism states that if P or Q is true and P is false, then Q must be true.


Question: In propositional logic, when is the statement 'P and Q' true?

Answer: When both P and Q are true

Explanation: The conjunction is true only if both conjuncts are true.


Question: If the sun is shining, the shadows are sharp. The sun is shining. What is true about the shadows?

Answer: They are sharp

Explanation: Direct application of modus ponens.


Question: If the engine is running, the car moves. The car does not move. What can be inferred about the engine?

Answer: It is not running

Explanation: Modus tollens: denying the consequent.


Question: The statement is 'All flowers are red.' What is the correct negation of this statement?

Answer: Not all flowers are red

Explanation: Negation of 'all' is 'not all' or 'some are not'.


Question: If it is a holiday, the bank is closed. What is the contrapositive of this statement?

Answer: If the bank is not closed, it is not a holiday

If the bank is not closed, then it is not a holiday.

Explanation: Contrapositive reverses and negates both parts.


Question: A statement is true only when both parts are true. Which logical connective describes this behavior?

Answer: Conjunction

Explanation: Conjunction is true exactly when both conjuncts are true.


Question: If a rule says 'if P then Q' and P is false, what can be concluded about Q?

Answer: Nothing

Explanation: A false antecedent makes the conditional vacuously true, leaving Q undetermined.


Question: A truth table shows a connective that is false only when both inputs are true. Which connective is this?

Answer: NAND

Explanation: NAND is the negation of conjunction and is false only when both inputs are true.


Question: A rule chain states: if A then B, and if B then C. Given A is true, which single statement must follow?

Answer: C is true

Explanation: Transitivity of implication yields A implies C, so C follows from A.


Question: Which connective is true when exactly one of two statements is true, but not both?

Answer: XOR

Explanation: Exclusive OR is true precisely when the inputs differ in truth value.


Question: Which logical operation is false only when both of its inputs are false?

Answer: OR

Explanation: OR returns false only when both input statements are false.


Question: Which logical operation yields a true result exactly when its two inputs have different truth values?

Answer: XOR

Explanation: XOR returns true when the inputs are different.


Question: In a conditional statement 'if A then B', what is the only combination of truth values for A and B that makes the entire statement false?

Answer: A true, B false

Explanation: The material conditional is false only when the antecedent is true and the consequent is false.


Question: Which logical operation between two statements returns true exactly when the two statements have the same truth value?

Answer: Biconditional

Explanation: A biconditional is true when both parts are either both true or both false.


Question: For a logical AND operation, if the output is true, what must be the values of the two inputs?

Answer: Both inputs are true

Explanation: AND requires both inputs to be true for a true output.


Question: A classroom has 6 rows of desks with 5 desks per row. The teacher adds 3 more desks to each row. Then she removes 2 desks from the room. How many desks are there now?

Answer: 46

Explanation: Multiply rows by desks per row, add extra desks, then subtract removed: 30 + 18 - 2 = 46.


Question: A pack of stickers costs $2. Venus buys 3 packs and a book for $5. She pays with a $20 bill. How much change does she receive?

Answer: 9

Explanation: Total cost is 3*2+5=11, and 20 minus 11 is 9.


Question: A school buys 3 rolls of tickets. Each roll has 50 tickets. They use 20 tickets for a raffle. How many tickets are left?

Answer: 130

Explanation: 3 rolls of 50 tickets is 150, minus 20 used leaves 130.


Question: A library had 340 books. They received 125 new books and donated 87 books. How many books do they have now?

Answer: 378

Explanation: 340 plus 125 is 465, minus 87 is 378.


Question: A farmer plants 6 rows of apple trees with 14 trees each, plus 23 pear trees. How many trees are there in total?

Answer: 107

Explanation: 6 times 14 is 84, plus 23 is 107.


Question: A warehouse ships 3 crates each weighing 145 kg. After unloading 2 crates, a truck carries the rest plus an extra 80 kg load. What is the total weight on the truck in kg?

Answer: 225

Explanation: One crate left (145 kg) plus 80 kg extra equals 225 kg.


Question: A train travels 120 km, stops, then travels another 3 times that distance. How many km did it travel in total?

Answer: 480

Explanation: 120 plus 360 equals 480 km total.


Question: A library has 864 books to pack into boxes of 24. How many full boxes are needed?

Answer: 36

Explanation: 24 times 36 equals 864, so 36 boxes are needed.


Question: A store sells shirts for $15 each and offers a buy 3 get 1 free deal. Sarah buys 4 shirts and also has a $5 coupon. How much does she pay?

Answer: 40

Explanation: She pays for 3 shirts at $15 each ($45) minus the $5 coupon equals $40.


Question: Emily saves $5 each week for 8 weeks. She then gives $12 to a charity and divides the remaining money equally among 4 friends. How much does each friend get?

Answer: 7

Explanation: Total saved is $5*8=$40, minus $12 is $28, divided by 4 friends is $7 each.


Question: A recipe requires 2 cups of flour for each batch of cookies. You have 3 cups of flour. If you want to make 5 batches, and each extra cup of flour costs $2, how much will you spend on additional flour?

Answer: 14

Explanation: You need 10 cups total, have 3, need 7 more, at $2 each costs $14.


Question: A bag contains 145 candies. The teacher takes out 5 candies for herself. Then she distributes the remaining candies equally among 8 children. How many candies does each child get?

Answer: 17

Explanation: After removing 5, 140 candies remain; divided among 8 children gives 17 each.


Question: A baker makes 150 cookies. He gives 40 to a friend and eats 15 himself. He then packages the rest into bags of 5. How many bags does he fill?

Answer: 19

Explanation: 150 minus 40 minus 15 is 95, divided by 5 is 19.


Question: A factory produces 240 widgets per hour. After running for 7 hours, it ships out 850 widgets. How many widgets remain in the factory?

Answer: 830

Explanation: 240 times 7 is 1680, minus 850 gives 830 remaining.


Question: A store earns 520 dollars on Monday and 680 dollars on Tuesday. It then pays a bill of 350 dollars. What is the store's total after the bill?

Answer: 850

Explanation: 520 plus 680 is 1200, minus 350 leaves 850 dollars.


Question: Anna has 240 minutes of free time. She spends 1/3 of it reading, then 30 minutes eating, then 1/2 of the remaining time playing games. How many minutes of free time does she have left?

Answer: 65

Explanation: First, 240/3=80 for reading, remaining 160; subtract 30 for eating leaves 130; half of that is 65 for games, leaving 65.


Question: In a basketball game, Team A scores 24 points in the first quarter, 30 points in the second quarter, and 18 points in the third quarter. If they want to score at least 100 points in total, how many more points do they need in the fourth quarter?

Answer: 28

Explanation: Total points so far is 72, so 28 more are needed.


Question: What number comes next: 5, 8, 12, 15, 19, ?

Answer: 22

Explanation: The pattern alternates between adding 3 and adding 4, so after adding 4 from 15 to 19, we add 3 to get 22.


Question: What number comes next: 2, 9, 12, 19, 22, ?

Answer: 29

Explanation: The pattern alternates between adding 7 and adding 3, so after adding 3 from 19 to 22, we add 7 to get 29.


Question: What number comes next: 3, 5, 11, 13, 19, ?

Answer: 21

Explanation: The pattern alternates between adding 2 and adding 6, so after adding 6 from 13 to 19, we add 2 to get 21.


Question: What number comes next: 0, 3, 8, 15, ?

Answer: 24

Explanation: The first differences increase by 2 each time, as the second difference is constant at 2.


Question: What number comes next: 1, 2, 6, 13, ?

Answer: 23

Explanation: The first differences increase by 3 each time, as the second difference is constant at 3.


Question: What number comes next: 5, 8, 15, 18, 25, ?

Answer: 28

Explanation: The steps alternate between adding 3 and adding 7.


Question: What number comes next: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, ?

Answer: 36

Explanation: The sequence has a constant second difference of 2.


Question: What number comes next: 3, 7, 8, 12, 13, ?

Answer: 17

Explanation: The pattern alternates between adding 4 and adding 1.


Question: What number comes next: 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, ?

Answer: 42

Explanation: The second difference is constant at 2.


Question: What number comes next: 10, 15, 17, 22, 24, ?

Answer: 29

Explanation: Alternating additions of 5 and 2.


Question: What number comes next: 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, ?

Answer: 16

Explanation: The second difference is constant at 1.


Question: What number comes next: 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 16, ?

Answer: 22

Explanation: The differences increase by 1 each time, so the next difference is 6.


Question: What number comes next: 10, 7, 12, 9, 14, 11, ?

Answer: 16

Explanation: Steps alternate between subtracting 3 and adding 5.


Question: What number comes next: 2, 5, 9, 14, 20, 27, ?

Answer: 35

Explanation: Differences are 3,4,5,6,7 so the next is 8.


Question: What number comes next: 20, 17, 22, 19, 24, 21, ?

Answer: 26


Question: What number comes next: 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 12, ?

Answer: 13

Explanation: The sequence alternates between adding 3 and adding 1.


Question: What number comes next: 2, 5, 10, 17, 26, ?

Answer: 37

Explanation: The second differences are constant at 2.


Question: A cyclist rides at 15 km/h for 4 hours, then at 20 km/h for 3 hours. What is the total distance traveled?

Answer: 120

Explanation: Distance is speed times time; sum the two segments gives 120 km.


Question: Leo buys 5 notebooks at $2 each and a pencil case for $4. He pays with a $20 note. How much change does he get?

Answer: 6

Explanation: Total cost is 5*2+4=14; change from $20 is $6.


Question: Mia is 6 years old. Her mother is 4 times as old as Mia. How many years older than Mia is her mother?

Answer: 18

Explanation: Mother's age is 4*6=24; difference is 24-6=18.


Question: A shirt costs $12. A store promotion offers: buy 2 shirts, get 1 shirt free. Sam buys 4 shirts. How much does he pay?

Answer: 36

Explanation: For 4 shirts, only 3 are paid for: the first two at $12 each and the fourth at $12; the third is free.


Question: It takes 2 painters 10 hours to paint a house. How many hours would it take 5 painters to paint the same house?

Answer: 4

Explanation: Total work is 2*10=20 painter-hours; for 5 painters, time is 20/5=4 hours.


Question: A rectangle has length 15 cm and width 10 cm. If both length and width are increased by 4 cm, what is the new area?

Answer: 266

Explanation: New dimensions are 19 cm and 14 cm; area is 19*14=266.


Question: Maria saved $150 in January. In February, she saved $30 less than in January. How much money has she saved in total for these two months?

Answer: 270

Explanation: February savings are 150 - 30 = 120, so total is 150 + 120 = 270.


Question: A pool is filled by two pipes. The first pipe fills 120 liters per hour, and the second fills 80 liters per hour. If the pool has a capacity of 1000 liters, how long will it take to fill the pool completely when both pipes are used?

Answer: 5

Explanation: Combined rate is 120 + 80 = 200 liters per hour, so 1000 / 200 = 5 hours.


Question: Tom has 150 stamps. Jerry has 30 more stamps than Tom. How many stamps do they have together?

Answer: 330

Explanation: Jerry has 150 + 30 = 180 stamps, so total is 150 + 180 = 330.


Question: A car's fuel tank is filled with 40 liters of gasoline. The car consumes 8 liters per hour of driving. After driving for 3 hours, how many liters of gasoline are left in the tank?

Answer: 16

Explanation: Consumed 8 liters per hour for 3 hours is 24 liters, so 40 - 24 = 16 liters left.


Question: A baker made 480 cookies. He sold 35 cookies each hour for 6 hours, then gave away 45 cookies. How many cookies does he have left?

Answer: 225

Explanation: Six hours of 35 is 210; 480 minus 210 minus 45 equals 225.


Question: A class had 28 students. 9 new students joined, then 4 students left. How many students are in the class now?

Answer: 33

Explanation: 28 plus 9 is 37, minus 4 gives 33.


Question: A worker earns 18 dollars per hour. She worked 7 hours on Monday and 5 hours on Tuesday. How much did she earn in total?

Answer: 216

Explanation: Total 12 hours times 18 dollars equals 216.


Question: A library had 500 books. It received a donation of 120 books, then lent out 85 books. How many books remain in the library?

Answer: 535

Explanation: 500 plus 120 is 620, minus 85 leaves 535.


Question: A library has 5 shelves. Each shelf holds 24 books. The library receives 3 more boxes of 20 books each and adds them to the shelves. How many books are now in the library?

Answer: 180

Explanation: Total old books: 5 shelves x 24 books = 120; new books: 3 boxes x 20 books = 60; total: 120+60=180.


Question: A tank holds 300 liters. A pipe fills the tank at 15 liters per minute. After 8 minutes, how much more water is needed to fill the tank?

Answer: 180

Explanation: Water added: 15 L/min times 8 min = 120 L; remaining to fill: 300 L - 120 L = 180 L.


Question: A machine stamps 12 pieces per minute. It runs for 15 minutes, stops, and then runs for 20 more minutes. How many pieces are stamped in total?

Answer: 420

Explanation: First run: 12 x 15 = 180 pieces; second run: 12 x 20 = 240 pieces; total: 180+240=420 pieces.


Question: What letter comes next: A, Z, C, X, E, V, ?

Answer: G

Explanation: The pattern alternates every second letter forward from A and every second letter backward from Z.


Question: What day comes next: Monday, Monday, Tuesday, Tuesday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Wednesday, Wednesday, Wednesday, ?

Answer: Thursday

Explanation: Each day of the week appears one more time than the previous day.


Question: What color comes next: red, red, orange, orange, orange, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, ?

Answer: green

Explanation: Colors appear in rainbow order, each repeated one more time than the previous.


Question: What shape comes next: triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, ?

Answer: heptagon

Explanation: Each shape has one more side than the previous.


Question: What comes next: aba, bcb, cdc, ded, ?

Answer: efe

Explanation: Each palindrome has a central letter that increases by one, and outer letters match the previous central letter.


Question: What fruit comes next: apple, banana, cherry, date, ?

Answer: elderberry

Explanation: Each fruit starts with the next letter of the alphabet.


Question: What follows: sun, moon, sun, star, sun, planet, ?

Answer: sun

Explanation: The pattern alternates between sun and a different celestial object.


Question: What shape comes next in the pattern: circle, square, circle, circle, square, circle, circle, square, circle, circle, ?

Answer: square

Explanation: The pattern repeats two circles followed by one square.


Question: What word comes next: red, cat, blue, cat, green, cat, yellow, cat, ?

Answer: red

Explanation: A color alternates with the word cat, cycling red, blue, green, yellow, then red.


Question: What letter comes next: A, Z, B, Y, C, X, D, W, ?

Answer: E

Explanation: One pattern goes forward through the alphabet while the other goes backward.


Question: What shape comes next: dot, dot, dot, line, dot, dot, dot, line, dot, dot, dot, ?

Answer: line

Explanation: The sequence repeats three dots followed by one line.


Question: What word comes next: sun, one, moon, two, star, three, sun, one, moon, two, star, ?

Answer: three

Explanation: A celestial body alternates with a counting word in a repeating cycle.


Question: What animal comes next in the pattern: bear, bear, bear, lion, lion, bear, bear, bear, bear, lion, lion, lion, ?

Answer: bear

Explanation: The pattern alternates between groups of bears and lions, with each group size increasing by one each time.


Question: What weather follows next: sunny, sunny, rainy, sunny, sunny, sunny, rainy, rainy, ?

Answer: sunny

Explanation: The pattern alternates groups of sunny and rainy days, increasing the group size by one each time.


Question: What flower comes next in the pattern: rose, car, daisy, bike, tulip, car, rose, bike, daisy, car, tulip, bike, ?

Answer: rose

Explanation: The sequence interleaves a repeating cycle of flowers with a repeating cycle of vehicles.


Question: What word completes the pattern: day, night, day, day, night, night, day, day, day, night, night, night, ?

Answer: day

Explanation: The pattern alternates groups of day and night, with each group's length increasing by one.


Question: What comes next: fast, fast, slow, fast, fast, fast, slow, fast, fast, fast, fast, slow, ?

Answer: fast

Explanation: The pattern is an increasing number of 'fast's followed by 'slow', starting with two 'fast's.


Question: Spoke is to wheel as rung is to ?

Answer: ladder

Explanation: A spoke is part of a wheel, as a rung is part of a ladder.


Question: Learning is to knowledge as practice is to ?

Answer: skill

Explanation: Learning leads to knowledge, as practice leads to skill.


Question: Whisper is to talk as drizzle is to ?

Answer: rain

Explanation: Whisper is a quiet form of talking, as drizzle is a light form of rain.


Question: Sapling is to tree as foal is to ?

Answer: horse

Explanation: Sapling is a young tree, as foal is a young horse.


Question: Paintbrush is to painter as chisel is to ?

Answer: sculptor

Explanation: Paintbrush is the chief tool of a painter, as chisel is of a sculptor.


Question: Flour is to bread as sand is to ?

Answer: glass

Explanation: Flour is the main ingredient in bread, as sand is in glass.


Question: Spark is to flame as seed is to ?

Answer: plant

Explanation: A spark can ignite a flame; a seed can grow into a plant.


Question: Drizzle is to downpour as breeze is to ?

Answer: gale

Explanation: Drizzle is light rain; downpour is heavy rain. Breeze is light wind; gale is strong wind.


Question: Microscope is to scientist as telescope is to ?

Answer: astronomer

Explanation: A microscope is a tool used by a scientist; a telescope is a tool used by an astronomer.


Question: Question is to answer as problem is to ?

Answer: solution

Explanation: A question is addressed by an answer; a problem is addressed by a solution.


Question: Engine is to car as heart is to ?

Answer: body

Explanation: An engine powers a car; a heart powers the body.


Question: Leaf is to tree as petal is to ?

Answer: flower

Explanation: A leaf is a part of a tree; a petal is a part of a flower.


Question: Rain is to flood as spark is to ?

Answer: fire

Explanation: Rain can cause a flood; a spark can cause a fire.


Question: Warm is to hot as damp is to ?

Answer: wet

Explanation: Warm is a lesser degree of hot; damp is a lesser degree of wet.


Question: Chapter is to book as episode is to ?

Answer: series

Explanation: A chapter is a part of a book; an episode is a part of a series.


Question: Fatigue is to rest as thirst is to ?

Answer: drink

Explanation: Fatigue is relieved by rest; thirst is relieved by a drink.


Question: Tap is to knock as peek is to ?

Answer: stare

Explanation: Each pair describes an action and a more intense version of it.


Question: Which word does not belong: sure, shoe, chef, church?

Answer: church

Church begins with a 'ch' sound; the others start with an 'sh' sound

Explanation: Sure, shoe, and chef start with the 'sh' sound, while church begins with the 'ch' sound.


Question: What rule links these words: revolve, involve, evolve?

Answer: They all contain 'volve'

Explanation: Each of these verbs includes the root 'volve', meaning to turn.


Question: Which number does not belong: 3, 5, 7, 9?

Answer: 9

Explanation: 3, 5, and 7 are prime numbers, while 9 can be divided by 3.


Question: What rule links these words: here, there, where?

Answer: They are adverbs of place

All end with 'ere' and indicate location

Explanation: Here, there, and where are all used to specify place or position in a sentence.


Question: Which word does not belong: circle, square, triangle, sphere?

Answer: sphere

Explanation: Circle, square, and triangle are flat, two-dimensional shapes, whereas a sphere is a solid, three-dimensional object.


Question: Which word does not belong: could, would, should, doubt?

Answer: doubt

Doubt does not follow the 'ould' spelling pattern

Explanation: Could, would, and should all share the 'ould' spelling and pronunciation, while doubt uses a different vowel sound.


Question: In the sequence A, B, D, G, K, what letter comes next?

Answer: P

Explanation: The differences between consecutive letters increase by 1 each time, so the next difference is 5, leading to P.


Question: Which word does not rhyme with the others: sing, ring, king, thing, pink?

Answer: pink

Explanation: Pink ends with the 'nk' sound, while the others end with the 'ng' sound.


Question: Which word is different from the others: rose, daisy, tulip, cactus, lily?

Answer: cactus

Explanation: Cactus is a succulent, while the others are common flowering plants.


Question: What rule connects these numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11?

Answer: They are prime numbers

Explanation: All numbers in the list are prime numbers, having exactly two distinct divisors.


Question: Which word does not begin with the same sound as the others: pen, pig, pit, dog, pin?

Answer: dog

Explanation: Dog starts with a 'd' sound, while the others start with a 'p' sound.


Question: Which word is the odd one out: python, cobra, viper, snake, anaconda?

Answer: snake

Explanation: Snake is the general category, while the others are specific types of snakes.


Question: Which number does not belong: 12, 18, 24, 27, 30?

Answer: 27

Explanation: 27 is not divisible by 4, while the others are all multiples of 6 that are also divisible by 4.


Question: What rule links these words: bat, cat, hat, rat?

Answer: They rhyme and end in -at

Explanation: All four words end with the same -at phoneme and are perfect rhymes.


Question: Which shape does not belong: square, rectangle, circle, triangle?

Answer: circle

Explanation: Circle has no straight edges or corners, unlike the other polygons.


Question: Which word does not belong: run, walk, jump, think?

Answer: think

Explanation: Think is a mental action, while the others are physical bodily movements.


Question: These words share a pronunciation feature: gnome, knee, psychology, write. What is it?

Answer: They begin with a silent consonant.

Explanation: Each word starts with a consonant that is not sounded.