--- license: cc-by-4.0 language: - la - fr task_categories: - object-detection - image-segmentation size_categories: - n<1K pretty_name: HORAE-LSv2 — Books of Hours layout tags: - glam - manuscripts - document-layout-analysis - medieval - iiif dataset_info: features: - name: image dtype: image - name: file_name dtype: string - name: width dtype: int32 - name: height dtype: int32 - name: iiif_url dtype: string - name: objects list: - name: bbox list: int32 - name: category_id dtype: int32 - name: category_name dtype: string - name: regions list: - name: polygon list: list: int32 - name: type dtype: string - name: class_name dtype: string splits: - name: train num_bytes: 1542963758 num_examples: 555 download_size: 1541191101 dataset_size: 1542963758 configs: - config_name: default data_files: - split: train path: data/train-* --- # HORAE-LSv2 — layout segmentation for Books of Hours 555 annotated page images from 334 medieval and early-modern Books of Hours, manuscript and printed, marked up for page layout analysis. Created by the HORAE project at the [Institut de Recherche et d'Histoire des Textes](https://www.irht.cnrs.fr/) (IRHT-CNRS) with [Teklia](https://teklia.com/), and deposited on Zenodo in August 2025 as HORAE-LSv2 ([10.5281/zenodo.16919911](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16919911)). This repository is a format conversion of that deposit. Same images, same annotations, repackaged so it loads with `datasets` instead of requiring four zip files and three text encodings. ## Two annotation systems over the same pages The deposit ships two independent markup schemes for the same 555 pages, and they do not map onto each other. Both are carried here rather than picking one. | Column | Scheme | Geometry | Count | |---|---|---|---| | `objects` | 14-class YOLO taxonomy | bounding boxes, COCO `[x, y, w, h]` in absolute pixels | 22,878 | | `regions` | 7-type Arkindex taxonomy plus subclasses | polygons | 22,964 | `regions` types and their subclasses: | Type | Count | Subclasses | |---|---|---| | text_line | 13,879 | calendar | | initial | 3,542 | simple_initial, decorated_initial, historiated_initial | | decoration | 2,412 | line_filler, ornament, music_notation, decorated_border, illustrated_border | | rubrication | 1,224 | red, blue, gold | | text | 896 | border_text | | single_page | 852 | calendar | | miniature | 159 | — | `text_line` is 60% of the polygon annotations. Filter it out if you are after decorative or structural elements rather than lines. ## Structure | Field | Type | Notes | |---|---|---| | `image` | image | JPEG at maximum available IIIF resolution | | `file_name` | string | source filename; institution and shelfmark are encoded in it | | `width`, `height` | int32 | as declared upstream; verified to match the decoded image | | `iiif_url` | string | the IIIF source URL, preserved for provenance | | `objects` | list of struct | `bbox`, `category_id`, `category_name` | | `regions` | list of struct | `polygon`, `type`, `class_name` | ## Caveats **Not every page is annotated.** 555 images, but only 545 carry YOLO labels and 542 carry polygon regions. Roughly 13 pages have an image and nothing else. This is in the source deposit, not introduced by the conversion. Filter on `len(objects) > 0` or `len(regions) > 0` before training. **There are no splits.** The upstream README documents `metadata/train.csv`, `val.csv` and `test.csv`; none of those files exist in the published archive, including in `extras.zip`. Everything is in a single `train` split. Make your own splits — and group by manuscript, not by page, since 555 pages come from only 334 books and pages from the same book are highly correlated. **No transcriptions.** The upstream documentation describes `text_line` elements as carrying transcription data. The published `elements.csv` has no transcription column, so none is present here. This is a layout dataset only. **Dating is unknown per item.** The deposit does not ship per-manuscript dates, so there is no date field. "Medieval and early modern" is the collection-level description, not something you can filter on. ### If you go back to the original deposit The three annotation files are in three different text encodings, which is worth knowing before you parse them yourself: | File | Encoding | |---|---| | `extras/HORAE_LSv2.csv` | UTF-8 | | `metadata/HORAE_LSv2_elements.csv` | latin-1 | | `metadata/HORAE_LSv2_image_data.csv` | UTF-7 (`+AF8-` for `_`) | Reading any of them as UTF-8 either raises or silently mangles every accented library name. The conversion here decodes each with its own encoding. The 2019 first release (HORAE_LS) referenced images by IIIF URL rather than shipping them; those URLs rotted, which is why v2 exists with images included. ## Load ```python from datasets import load_dataset ds = load_dataset("biglam/horae-lsv2-layout", split="train") # pages with decorative elements only — text_line is 60% of the polygons decorated = ds.filter( lambda r: any(x["type"] in {"miniature", "initial", "decoration"} for x in r["regions"]) ) ``` ## Licence CC BY 4.0, following the upstream deposit. Attribution to the HORAE project creators, below. Note that the source institutions holding the digitised manuscripts apply their own terms to the underlying images; the Zenodo deposit is the layer licensed CC BY 4.0. Where you need to go back to an institution's own copy, `iiif_url` points at it. ## Credit Data created by Dominique Stutzmann and Lise Bernard Leterme (Institut de Recherche et d'Histoire des Textes), Mélodie Boillet and Christopher Kermorvant (Teklia), and Marie-Laurence Bonhomme. Converted and repackaged for the Hub by [Daniel van Strien](https://huggingface.co/davanstrien). ```bibtex @dataset{stutzmann_2025_horae_lsv2, author = {Stutzmann, Dominique and Bernard Leterme, Lise and Boillet, M{\'e}lodie and Bonhomme, Marie-Laurence and Kermorvant, Christopher}, title = {{HORAE-LSv2. Layout Segmentation Dataset for Medieval Books of Hours}}, year = {2025}, version = {2.0}, publisher = {Zenodo}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.16919911} } ```