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約哈斯 (；，) 是古代中東國家南猶大王國的第十七任君主。他的父親是約西亞。他剛繼位不久就被從敍利亞遠征歸來的埃及第二十六王朝法老尼科二世逼退位，他的父親約西亞因為阻撓埃及軍隊遠征，因而也是被尼科二世所殺。 登年早期 根據聖經記載，約哈斯登基的時候23歲，在耶路撒冷作王3個月。法老尼哥（歷史上的尼科二世）把他帶到埃及，他就死在那裡。 聖經相關章節 《列王紀下》第23章:31-35節 《歷代誌下》第36章:1-4節 參考 J 前630年代出生 前609年逝世 公元前七世纪圣经中的统治者 希伯来圣经小作品 前7世纪犹太人
条形码打印机是用来可以粘贴到其它物体上的条形码标签的打印机。条形码打印机通常用于打印货物包装箱上的标签或者是零售商品的通用产品编码或欧洲产品编码。 条形码打印机有两种不同的打印机技术，热敏及热转换。直接热敏打印机的打印头通过加热是特殊打印纸发生化学变化转变成黑色。热转换打印机也使用加热的方法，但是它不是在纸张上发生反应，而是通过熔化色带上的蜡或者树脂从而打印到标签上。高温将墨水从色带转印到纸张上。直接热敏打印机通常价格较低，但是所打印的产品标签如果置于高温、阳光直射或者化学气体的环境中很容易就变得模糊。 不同的市场领域有不同的条形码打印机设计。工业条形码打印机用于大型仓库或者制造工厂中，这些打印机有大容量的纸盒，打印速度快，并且使用寿命很长。在零售与办公环境中，最为常见的是桌面型条形码打印机。 参考文献 外部链接 参见 条形码 打印机 标签打印机 + 计算机打印机 自动识别与数据采集
北界都梵乘寺是一座古建筑,位于中国山西省晋中市昔阳县赵壁乡黄岩村。除大门为民国建筑外，其余为明代建筑，包括中轴线由南向北的山门、梵王殿、大佛殿，以及东西钟鼓楼、配殿。 2003年1月15日，梵乘寺公布为第一批晋中市文物保护单位。2021年8月4日,北界都梵乘寺公布为第六批山西省文物保护单位，编号6-112。 参考 山西省文物保护单位
白色念珠菌龟头炎症状 治疗方法？念珠菌性龟头炎近年来是皮肤性病科的一种常见病。主要发生在龟头部位。病人多数是性活跃的青壮年，又或配偶有念珠菌性阴道炎并在其发病期间同房也可引起发病。见阴茎龟头处潮红、炎性丘疹（PS:又或点阵式小红疙瘩，大量密集排列），少许鳞屑或渗出，龟头上有粘稠的分泌物，或有白色伪膜样白膜。自觉瘙痒、烧灼感。就诊病人精神压力较大，非常恐惧。刮取鳞屑直接真菌镜检可以找到大量孢子和假菌丝。临床表现：常见的是阴茎包皮和龟头轻度潮红、干燥光滑，包皮内板及龟头冠状沟处伴有白色奶酪样斑片。阴囊受累时，在与阴茎接触面上可见鳞屑红斑性皮疹，刺痒明显，累及尿道时，可出现尿频、尿急。少数患者可表现急性水肿型包皮龟头炎，包皮水肿明显伴刺痒，可出现小溃疡，有时可伴有糖尿病。极少数男性与患念珠菌性阴道炎妇女性交后，数小时内出现阴茎刺痒、烧灼感，包皮和龟头潮红。这种症状的出现可能是患者对白色念珠菌的高度过敏所致。男性一旦因感染白色念珠菌导致龟头炎，一定要及时治疗，防止病情继续扩散。白色念珠菌龟头炎属于较为轻微的龟头炎，大部分通过药物就可以彻底治愈。1、保持卫生：龟头出现不适后，要及时彻底的清洁龟头，使患处保持干燥和卫生。内裤最好采用棉质内裤，并且要穿相对宽松的裤子，不可穿过紧的牛仔裤或者紧身裤，防止患处潮湿不透气。2、外用药膏：白色念珠菌龟头炎可以擦拭外用药膏，或者使用消炎药物进行洗剂，按照一定比例调配好，然后进行清洗或者涂抹，并且定时换药。3、口服药物：白色念珠菌是一种细菌，所以患者要口服抗生素进行抗病毒治疗。抗病毒药物一定要去医院请医生开具，切不可自己随意购买服用，以免成分不符而加重病情。4、手术治疗：如果是因为包皮过长引发的白色念珠菌龟头炎，最根本的治疗方法则是手术治疗。患者可以通过包皮环切术，将过长的包皮切除，这样可以彻底摧毁白色念珠菌等细菌的藏身之地，杜绝此类疾病的再次发生。
Dongmak Station (Incheon Lifelong Learning Center) is a subway station on Line 1 of the Incheon Subway in Jiha80, Gyeongwon-daero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, South Korea. Exits References Station Layout Metro stations in Incheon Seoul Metropolitan Subway stations Railway stations in South Korea opened in 1999 Yeonsu District
Eugene A. Derby (February 3, 1860 – February 13, 1917) was a baseball catcher, who appeared in ten games for the 1885 Baltimore Orioles of the American Association. He continued to play in the minor leagues through 1891. External links 1860 births 1917 deaths Baltimore Orioles (AA) players 19th-century baseball players Lancaster Ironsides players Norfolk (minor league baseball) players Waterbury Brassmen players Newark Little Giants players Worcester Grays players Hartford (minor league baseball) players Troy Trojans (minor league) players
鼻炎中药配方？鼻炎即鼻腔炎性疾病，病毒感染为首因，或在该基础上继发细菌感染，主要有鼻塞、多涕、嗅觉下降、头痛、头昏等症状，多发于低龄、年老体弱者，病毒感染是其首要病因，或在病毒感染的基础上继发细菌感染。那么鼻炎中药配方有哪些？1.用中药辛夷、藿香，只用辛夷也可，开水冲泡5～10分钟，先用其热气熏蒸鼻子数分钟，然后引用，频饮。2.老干丝瓜适量，把它烧成灰后研末保存。每次取适量服下，可在每天早晨时用开水送服，有化淤、解毒作用。主治鼻窦炎、副鼻窦炎流臭鼻涕者。3.辛夷花，鹅不食草，共研末加冰片少许。用时用药棉蘸药末少许塞鼻孔，每晚一次。4.苍耳子40个,轻轻捶破,放入小铝杯中,加入麻油，用文火煎开，去苍耳，装瓶备用。使用时以消毒小棉蘸油少许，涂于鼻腔内，每日三次，两周为一个疗程。5.上等龙井茶、川黄柏，各适量，一起研末后取少许药粉嗅入鼻内，每日多次，可缓解鼻炎症状。有清热泻火、解毒排脓的作用。6.孩儿茶适量，把它研为细粉末后吹鼻，一天三次，有清热化痰、消肿排脓的作用，对于鼻窦炎流脓者适宜。7.苦葫芦子适量，把它捣碎后放到净瓶中，用适量的好酒浸泡一周后开封，去渣备用。用时取少许滴鼻，一天四次，有通窍作用，对慢性鼻炎鼻塞现象有效。8.当归、辛夷花、柴胡、川贝、元参、栀子、鱼腥草、败酱草、薄荷。用法：水煎，日一剂，分2次服。禁忌：辛辣、酒肉、葱蒜、鱼虾等食物。在这里建议大家不要经常用手挖鼻，以免损伤鼻黏膜，戒除烟酒，饮食中忌食辛辣，多吃些蔬菜、水果，保持大便畅通，平时应注意锻炼身体，参加适当的体育运动，每日早晨可用冷水洗脸，以增强鼻黏膜抗病能力，注意改善工作环境，注意气候变化，及时增加衣服，一定要保持一个良好的心态，不要给自己过大的压力。
中华人民共和国海关总署（），简称海关总署，是中华人民共和国国务院主管海关事务的正部级直属机构。 海关总署主要负责进出境监管、征收关税和其他税费、查缉走私、编制海关统计，并承担口岸管理、保税监管、海关稽查、知识产权海关保护、国际海关合作等工作。海关总署垂直管理中华人民共和国海关。 沿革 1949年9月，政务院财政经济委员会成立，海关总署为其下设机构，主管全国海关事务。1949年10月25日，中央人民政府海关总署在北京成立，由中央人民政府政务院直接领导，实行集中统一的垂直领导体制。1950年12月，海关总署将原有的173处海关调整为70处（其中关26处、分关9处、支关35处）。1953年，划归中华人民共和国对外贸易部领导。 1961年，各地海关建制下放到省、自治区、直辖市，海关总署改为对外贸易部的一个局，称海关管理局。1967年7月，海关停止征收关税。1969年，海关被正式解除货运监管职责，1972年逐步恢复。 1980年，海关建制收归中央，设立海关总署，直属国务院。1998年4月，海关总署升为正部级。 2013年，原屬海关总署的海上緝私警察併入新成立的中國海警局。 2018年4月20日起，因应国家质量监督检验检疫总局撤销，原质检总局的出入境检验检疫管理职责和队伍划入海关管理。 2018年10月，海关总署党组升格组建为党委。 2018年12月，中办、国办印发《行业公安机关管理体制调整工作方案》，按照“警是警、政是政、企是企”的要求，将海关缉私公安、民航公安由双重领导、以行业部门为主调整为双重领导、以公安部为主。2019年，根据《》，海关总署缉私局调整为公安部与海关总署双重领导，以公安部为主，同时列入海关总署、公安部内设机构序列。序列号由公安部二十四局调整为十四局。 2020年8月31日，根据国家发展改革委《》（发改体改〔2019〕1063号），原由海关总署主管的中国口岸协会、中国报关协会、中国保税区出口加工区协会等3家行业协会（商会）与海关总署分离，依法直接登记、独立运行，剥离行政职能，不再设置业务主管单位。取消对其的直接财政拨款，通过政府购买服务等方式支持其发展。 职责 根据《》，海关总署承担下列职能： 机构设置 根据《》，海关总署设置下列机构： 内设机构 直属机构 派出机构 直属事业单位 直属企业单位 中国海关出版社有限公司 主管社会团体 中国海关学会 中国进出境生物安全研究会 历任领导 中央人民政府海关总署署长 孔　原（1949年10月19日－1953年1月14日） 中华人民共和国海关总署署长 王潤生（1980年5月－1984年11月5日） 戴　杰（1984年11月5日－1993年1月） 钱冠林（1993年1月－2001年4月） 牟新生 （2001年4月－2008年3月13日） 盛光祖 （2008年3月13日－2011年2月25日） 于广洲 （2011年4月5日－2018年3月22日） 倪岳峰 （2018年3月22日－2022年5月18日） 俞建华 （2022年5月18日至今） 参考文献 参见 中华人民共和国公安部：海关总署缉私局、国家移民管理局（中国边检） 中国人民武装警察部队海警总队 国家税务总局 中国海关总税务司、財政部關務署 香港海關、澳門海關 |- |- |- 正部级国务院直属机构 国务院出入境检验检疫部门
克里斯蒂安·约翰·海因里希·海涅（，；），出生时用名哈里·海涅（），19世纪最重要的德国诗人和新闻工作者之一。海涅既是浪漫主义诗人，也是浪漫主义的超越者。他使日常语言诗意化，将报刊上的文艺专栏和游记提升为一种艺术形式，赋予了德语一种罕为人知的风格上的轻松与优雅。作为批评家、热心于政治的新闻工作者、随笔作家、讽刺性杂文作家、论战者，他既受喜爱，又遭惧怕。他是作品被翻译得最多的德国诗人中的一员。海涅最广为人知的一首诗可能是由门德尔松为之作曲的通过音乐传播的《乘着歌声的翅膀》。 生平 少年与学徒岁月 人们对于海涅的出生地杜塞尔多夫並没有疑问，然而确定他确切的出生日期却并非易事。所有与此相关的当时的文献都已在过去的200年中散佚了。根据目前的研究可以确定，哈利·海涅——他出生时的名字——生于1797年12月13日。 哈利是布商萨姆逊·海涅和他的妻子贝蒂（本名佩拉）的四个孩子中最大的一个。他成长于一个逐渐与社会融合的、受启蒙思想影响的犹太家庭，在受到晚期启蒙运动思想影响的杜塞尔多夫中学接受教育。上中学时，海涅就写下了他的第一批诗歌。1814年，他未获毕业证书就离开了中学。根据家族的传统，他要到一所商业学校，为从事商人一职做准备。 1815年到1816年，海涅首先在法兰克福的银行家林兹考普夫那里实习，后来又到他富有的叔叔所罗门·海涅的位于汉堡的银行工作。所罗门跟兄弟萨姆逊相反，在生意方面非常成功，他收留了侄子。海涅一直受到叔叔的经济资助，直到叔叔1845年去世，尽管后者不怎么理解他对文学的兴趣。他叔叔的“名言”流传了下来：“假如他能学点正经东西，他就不用写书了。” 因为海涅对财务往来既没有兴趣又没有天赋，最后，他的叔叔为他开了一家布店。但是“哈利公司”很快就不得不登记破产。这位店主在那时就已经偏爱诗艺了。哈利对堂姐阿梅莉的徒劳的爱情也没能使家庭更和睦。后来他在《歌集》中将这段未获回报的衷情加工成了浪漫主义的情诗。他在诗歌《Affrontenburg》中描述了叔叔家中压抑的气氛，置身其中，他感到自己越来越不受欢迎。也许正是家庭不和使得所罗门·海涅决定迁就侄子的愿望，让他远离汉堡，去上大学。 在波恩、哥廷根与柏林的求学生涯 尽管海涅对法学没有特别的兴趣，1819年，他开始了法学的学习。起先，他在波恩注册，在那里，奥古斯特·威廉·施莱格尔是他的老师之一。 1820年的冬季学期，他来到哥廷根大学，在那里，他参加了一个学生组织。然而，仅仅在1821年1月，他就被迫离开了学校和这个组织。起因是一场决斗。那时极力想隐瞒自己出身的海涅，因为身为犹太人而被一个同学侮辱，他向此人要求决斗。学校为此开除他一学期的学籍，也正为此，学生组织因为他的“不良行为”而开除了他。其实海涅确实去过妓院，但是这在当时的学生中间是相当普遍的。因此，一些传记作家认为这样的理由不过是借口，用来掩盖真实的反犹主义的动机。 这次事件后，海涅去了柏林。1821年至1823年，他在柏林学习，听过黑格尔讲课。不久，他接触到了城里的文人圈子，成了列文和冯·恩瑟沙龙的常客。1822年，他从柏林出发，到波兰中西部城市波兹南旅游。在那里，他第一次遇见了进行爱与慈善运动的犹太人。一方面，他受到了他们的吸引，一方面，他又无法同他们一样。在他皈依基督教的两年前，他写道：“我也没有勇气留着胡子，让人用犹太德语在后面叫我。” 洗礼和普拉腾事件 还是在哥廷根，海涅1825年获得法学博士学位。此前不久，他接受了新教的洗礼，有了克里斯蒂安·约翰·海因里希这个名字。从此以后，他就叫自己海因里希·海涅。在他的家人面前，他竭力将受洗的事保密。他对宗教相当无所谓，只将受洗证明当成“欧洲文化的入场券”。然而他必须确定，许多欧洲文化的承载者仍不把一个像他这样受过洗的犹太人看成他们的同类。 当诗人奥古斯特·格拉夫·冯·普拉腾因为海涅是犹太人而公开攻击他时，海涅没有被吓退，他把普拉腾是同性恋一事公之于众，令其不能在社会上立足。后来，海涅多次明确抱怨皈依基督教，原因之一就是他预期的结果没有发生。其后的几年里，海涅多次努力——如在慕尼黑——谋求国家公职。因为这些尝试都失败了，他做出了一个在当时的条件下相当不寻常的决定，透过当自由职业作家赚取生活费。 最初的文学成就 海涅1821年就已经在柏林出版了第一批诗歌。接着，在1823年出版了一些悲剧，包括一部抒情插曲。1824年出版了39首诗歌的合集，其中有海涅在德国最脍炙人口的作品《罗蕾莱》。同年，在哈尔茨山旅行期间，他到魏玛拜访了他极为敬仰的约翰·沃尔夫冈·冯·歌德。两年前，他就把第一部诗集题词寄给过这位枢密顾问。但这次访问令海涅相当失望，因为他自己——与他的禀性相反——表现得既拘谨又笨拙，而歌德只是礼貌、带有距离地接待了他。 1826年海涅出版了他的哈茨山旅行见闻。同年他开始了和汉堡的霍夫曼和坎普出版社的生意关系。尤利乌斯·坎普应该一直是海涅的出版商，直到海涅去世。1827年10月，他出版了诗集《歌集》，这部作品奠定了海涅的声誉，它直到现在仍受到喜爱。这些和以后的一些诗歌——它们被多次配上曲调，如在舒曼的歌曲集《诗人之爱》中——的浪漫的、常带有民歌风情的风格，不仅仅打动了当时读者的心。那些诗歌，如《美丽的五月》，《一个少年爱一个少女》，拨动着海涅同时代人和二十一世纪读者的心弦。 但是海涅很快超越了浪漫主义风格。他用讽刺性的手段破坏它，也将浪漫主义诗歌的艺术特征运用于有政治内容的诗歌。他把自己称为一个“逃跑的浪漫主义者”。 1827年，1828年，海涅到英国和意大利旅行时才第一次见到大海。他在后来的发表于1826到1831年间的游记中描述了他的印象。这一时期的作品有：《北海集》、《卢卡浴场》和《思想·勒格朗集》，后一本书表达了对拿破仑和法国大革命的成就的拥护。在此期间，人们逐渐认识到海涅是一个伟大的文学天才。从19世纪30年代起，海涅的名声开始在德国和欧洲传开。 巴黎岁月 海涅因为他的政治观点而越来越多地受到攻击，尤其是在普鲁士，而他对德意志的书报检查制度也感到厌恶，所以，海因利希·海涅1831年在法国七月革命爆发之后去了巴黎。他在这里开始了生活与创作的第二个阶段。终其一生，海涅都思念着德意志。但他只能再见祖国两次了。最后，巴黎成了海涅的流亡地，因为他的作品——还有他以后所有的作品——1833年在普鲁士被禁；1835年，根据法兰克福联邦议会的决议，在所有德意志联邦的成员国被禁。那些“青年德意志”组织的诗人的命运也是如此。联邦议会的决议中写道，这个组织的成员的目的在于“用各个阶层都能接受的文学形式肆无忌惮地攻击基督教，贬低目前的社会状况，破坏所有的纪律与道德。” 但是，1832年，海涅就通过为歌德和席勒的出版商约翰·腓特烈·科塔的奥斯堡汇报写巴黎通讯找到了新的收入来源。海涅这段时间的报刊专栏文章于1833年以《法国的状况》的书名出版。 这一年，疾病的初步症状——麻痹、头疼、视力减退——显现了出来，这种病让他在生命的最后八年被禁锢在了床榻上。 但他首先享受着巴黎的生活。他遇见了空想社会主义者圣西门和法国、德意志文化生活中的大人物，如：赫克托·柏辽兹，路德维希·波纳，弗雷德里克·肖邦，乔治·桑，大仲马和亚历山大·冯·洪堡。 这个世界性的大都市在随后的几年里给了海涅以灵感。他写出了大量的杂文、政论文章、论战文章、专题文章、诗歌和散文。在《法国的状况》一类的作品中，他努力把法国的情况介绍给德国人，把德国的情况介绍给法国人。 海涅比多数人更早地意识到了德意志民族主义的破坏性特征，它与法国的民族主义不同，没有跟民主和人民主权意识结合在一起。 他在那些年里的重要作品有《论浪漫派》（1836），《论路德维希·多纳》（1840）以及小说片断《巴哈拉赫的拉比》(1840)。1841年，他和他1834年认识的鞋类售货员欧仁妮·克莱仙蒂亚·米拉结了婚。他爱玛蒂尔德——他对她的昵称——的原因之一很特殊：她是文盲，不懂德語，對文化或知識問題毫無興趣。甚至在婚后的很长一段时间内都不清楚她的丈夫是一个多么伟大的诗人。 1843年，海涅写下了《夜思》一诗，它开头的句子经常被人引用： 当我在夜里想到德国， 我便不能安睡。 在诗中，让海涅不能安睡的，是德国的政治状况，更是他对他独居德国的老母的担忧。为了再次见到母亲并把妻子介绍给她，海涅于1843年和1844年最后两次来到德国。那时他结识了卡尔·马克思和斐迪南·拉萨勒。后来海涅参与了马克思的《前进报》和《德法年鉴》的工作。 40年代中期，海涅写下了伟大的叙事诗《阿塔·特罗尔》和由他的第二次德国之行激发产生的《德国，一个冬天的童话》。 海涅与马克思主义 19世纪40年代中期，海涅的思想明显变得激进了。1843年和卡尔·马克思相识。他属于第一批认识到正在开始的工业革命的结果和在作品中思考刚诞生的工人阶级的困苦的作家。他1844年6月的诗《西里西亚织工》就是这样一部作品。它脱胎于那个月在西里西亚的彼德斯瓦尔道和朗恩比劳两镇发生的织工起义。 这首也以《织工之歌》的名字而闻名的诗7月在由马克思出版的《前进报》上发表，又被印刷5万份在起义地区作为传单分发。普鲁士内政部长阿宁姆在给国王腓特烈·威廉四世国王的报告中将这首作品描述成：“针对臣民中穷人的，充斥着煽动性语言和罪恶的表达的讲话”。普鲁士王国的最高法院颁布了对这首诗的禁令。1846年，在普鲁士，一个胆敢在公共场合朗诵它的人会被判入狱。 弗里德里希·恩格斯——他是在1844年八月在巴黎认识海涅的——把“织工之歌”翻译成了英语，并于同年12月在《新道德世界报》上发表。 尽管海涅与马克思、恩格斯的关系友好，但他却始终不是马克思主义者。他认识到，正在形成的工人阶级的要求是完全合理的，也支持这些要求；但他同时意识到，共产主义思想中的唯物主义和激进将会摧毁他所热爱和赞赏的欧洲文化中的很多东西。 失败的革命 作为坚定的民主主义者，海涅欢迎1848年发生在整个欧洲的革命，尤其是德国的四月革命。但很快，随着革命的发展，他就失望地不再关心它。因为支持共和制—民主制国家形式的人一开始就是少数。在法兰克福国家议会对建立一个王权世袭的民族君主国家的尝试中，他只看到企图复兴1806年崩溃的神圣罗马帝国的无用的、浪漫的政治幻梦。 在革命的第二股浪潮，即1849年春夏的有力的民主革命被镇压之后，海涅心灰意冷地写下了《在1849年十月》一诗。 床褥坟墓 1848年2月，巴黎爆发革命的同一个月，海涅的身体垮了。海涅本人相信，他得的是梅毒，但他被详细记录下的病程说明他得的是多发性硬化症。在几乎瘫痪的情况下，他在自己命名的“床褥坟墓”中度过了八年，直到去世。 在此之前，海涅对宗教已经有了一种更温和的评价，在1815年的遗嘱中赞成对人格化神的信仰，但他却没有再接近一个教堂或犹太教。 海涅精神上的创造力在他痛苦的卧床岁月中并没有减弱。由于他已经无法自己书写，他就向秘书口授诗歌和文章。这样，在1851年10月，他出版了诗集《罗曼采罗》，1854年出版了他的政治遗言《卢苔齐娅》。 尽管病痛缠身，海涅却没有失去幽默与激情。在他生命的最后几个月，来自布拉格的女崇拜者艾尔瑟·克里尼兹——他温柔地将她称为“美容斑”——的多次拜访减轻了他的痛苦。他叫她“被爱慕的荷花”，但这种爱慕由于他的衰弱的身体只发生在精神层面。 1856年2月17日，海涅离开了世界。三天后，他被葬在法國蒙马特的墓地。27年后，根据诗人的愿望，玛蒂尔德也在这里找到了永久的居所。在1901年树立的海涅的墓碑上装饰着丹麦雕塑家路易斯·哈瑟里斯制作的大理石海涅半身像和这位诗人的诗《哪里？》 年表 1797 12月13日生于杜塞尔多夫 1807-1814 杜塞尔多夫中学，未毕业；此后在商科学校学习 1815 美因河畔法兰克福，银行学徒 1816 在叔叔所罗门·海涅的位于汉堡的银行实习 1817 首次发表作品 1819-1825 在波恩、哥廷根、柏林学习法律 1821 柏林，首部诗集 1822 犹太人文化与经济协会成员；波兹南（波兰中西部城市）旅行 1824 哈茨山旅行；拜访歌德 1825 在海里根城接受新教-路德教洗礼，改名为海因里希·海涅；在哥廷根获得刑法、民法博士学位 1826 《 游记》的第一部分出版 1827 《歌集》出版；英国 旅行；迁居慕尼黑 1828 意大利旅行；父亲去世 1831 移居巴黎 1832 为奥格斯堡汇报撰写巴黎通讯；开始神经痛 1833 海涅的作品在普鲁士被禁 1834 遇见欧仁妮·克莱仙蒂亚·米拉（被称为玛蒂尔德） 1835 海涅和青年德国组织的作品在德意志联邦被禁 1837 瘫痪症状愈加严重 1843 汉堡旅行；结识卡尔·马克思，参与《前进报》的工作 1844 又一次汉堡旅行；《德国，一个冬天的童话》 1845 叔叔所罗门·海涅去世；资助停止；病情加剧 1848 卧床不起（床褥墓穴） 1851 《浮士德博士》在普鲁士和奥地利被禁 1854 在世时出版的最后一部作品：三卷本多文体文集，包括《卢苔齐娅》的两部分 1856 2月17日卒于巴黎 作品 根据以书籍形式出版的年份 1821 《诗集》 1823 《悲剧—抒情插曲》（包括：William Ratcliff，Almansor，抒情插曲） 1824 《39首诗集》 1826 《游记，第一卷》（包括：哈尔茨山游记，还乡集，北海集第一部分和诗歌） 1827 《歌集》，《游记，第二卷》（包括：北海集第二、三部分，思想·勒格朗集，柏林来信） 1830 《游记，第三卷》（包括：慕尼黑到热那亚旅行记，卢卡浴场） 1831 《Einleitung zu Kahldorf über den Adel》，《游记，第四卷》（包括：卢卡城，英国片断） 1832 《法国的状况》 1834 《沙龙，第一卷》（包括：论法国的画家，Aus den Memioren des Herrn von Schnabelewopski，诗歌） 《德国宗教和哲学史概观》 1835 《沙龙，第二卷》（包括：论德意志的宗教和哲学的历史，新春诗集） 1836 《论浪漫派》 1837 《论告密者》，《介绍〈堂·吉诃德〉》，《沙龙，第三卷》（包括：Florentinische Nächte，Elementargeister） 1838 《Der Schwabenspiegel》 1839 《莎士比亚笔下的少女与女人》，《Schriftstellernöten》 1840 《论路德维希·多纳，一篇专题文章》，《沙龙，第四卷》（包括：巴哈拉赫的拉比，论法国的舞台，诗歌） 1844 《新诗集》（包括：德国——一个冬天的童话） 1847 《阿塔·特罗尔——一个仲夏夜的梦》 1851 《罗曼采罗》，《浮士德博士》 1854 《多文体文集》，三卷本（包括：自白，流亡中的神，迪安娜女神，路德维希·马库斯，1853和1854年的诗，卢苔齐娅第一、二部分） 1869（遗作） 《最后的诗》，《思想集》 中文译本 《德国宗教和哲学史概观》（德）海因里希·海涅/著，辛人/译，辛墾书店, 1936 《海涅全集》十二卷，（德）海因里希·海涅/著，胡其鼎/译，河北教育出版社, 2003，ISBN 7-5434-4984-6 《诗歌集》 海涅著 钱春绮译 新文艺出版社 书号:10078.1229 《海涅文集》四卷，（德）海因里希·海涅/著，张玉书/译，人民文学出版社 《新诗集》 海涅著 钱春绮译 上海译文出版社 《罗曼采罗》 海涅著 钱春绮译 上海译文出版社 文献 《海因里希·海涅传》，（德）福里茨·约·拉达茨/著，胡其鼎/译，东方出版社，2001，ISBN 7-5060-1355-X 链接 海因里希·海涅作品 (作品在线，直到2007年) 海涅的作品——古登堡计划 传记 海涅语录 海涅协会 海涅学院 德國作家 浪漫主義詩人 德国思想家 德國猶太人 哥廷根大學校友 波恩大學校友 柏林洪堡大學校友 猶太作家 德国社会主义者 德國共濟會會員 在法国的德国人 杜塞爾多夫人 聖西門主義者
Xolani Ronald Sotashe is a South African politician who is the former Leader of the Opposition in the Cape Town City Council, former Leader of the African National Congress in the Cape Town City Council, Chairperson of the African National Congress Dullah Omar regional branch, current Member of the Cape Town City Council and the Chairperson of Subcouncil 9. He previously served as Chief Whip of the African National Congress in the Cape Town City Council and Chairperson of Subcouncil 24. He was the African National Congress mayoral candidate in 2016 and 2018, losing to Patricia de Lille and Dan Plato respectively. Early life and career Born in Cape Town, Sotashe is one of seven children. His mother is from Mfuleni, a township outside Kuils River. At an early age, Sotashe and his family moved to the Transkei, where he completed his primary and secondary education. He served on the student representative council of Ndema Senior Secondary School. He later moved back to Cape Town and studied at Boland College and Helderberg College. He did courses at the University of Cape Town through the Development Action Group. Sotashe worked for Agfa Photo Fast. While working there, he developed a passion for photojournalism. Political career Sotashe was always involved in regional politics. While working at Agfa Photo Fast, Sotashe became involved in party politics. He was particularly active in the former South East ANC region of Cape Town. The region included areas such as the Strand, Somerset West and Khayelitsha. He was a member of the ANC Youth League in Lwandle, near Strand. The region later merged with other regions to create the present Dullah Omar region, which represents the entire Cape Town metropolitan area. He later became chairperson of the region and currently still holds the position. In 2000, Sotashe was elected councillor to the newly-created City of Cape Town Municipality. In his early years as councillor, he served as a ward councillor for ward 86, an area that included the township of Nomzamo in Strand. He now serves as a proportional representation councillor. He has served on many portfolio committees. After the 2011 municipal elections, he was appointed Chief Whip of the African National Congress caucus in the council and also Chairperson of the Subcouncil 24. He served in both positions until 2016. In June 2016, the African National Congress selected Sotashe to be the party's Cape Town mayoral candidate. He replaced Tony Ehrenreich who was the party's previous mayoral candidate in 2011. In August 2016, he subsequently lost to incumbent Mayor, Patricia de Lille, by a wide margin as the African National Congress's support in the city decreased. He was then appointed Chairperson of Subcouncil 9. In November 2018, Sotashe was the ANC's candidate for the post of Mayor of Cape Town after Patricia de Lille resigned. He was challenged for the position by Dan Plato and Grant Haskin. He lost to Plato, receiving 53 votes compared to Plato's 146 votes. His other challenger, Haskin, received only 3 votes. In July 2022, Banele Majingo replaced Sotashe as the leader of the ANC caucus in council. References Year of birth missing (living people) Living people Xhosa people African National Congress politicians
Paranomus dregei, the scented sceptre, is a flowering shrub belonging to the genus Paranomus. The plant is native to the Western Cape, South Africa. Description The shrub grows to tall and flowers mainly from May to October. Fire destroys the plant but the seeds survive. The plant is bisexual and pollinated by insects. The fruit ripens two months after flowering and the seeds fall to the ground where they are spread by ants. In Afrikaans, it is known as . Distribution and habitat The plant occurs from the Witteberg to the Swartberg, Anysberg, Touwsberg and Rooiberg, Kouga Mountains and Outeniqua Mountains. It grows in sandstone sand at altitudes of . Gallery References dregei Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces
注射用哌拉西林钠舒巴坦钠(4:1)药理作用？本品为哌拉西林钠与舒巴坦钠按 4:1 的比例组成的复方制剂。哌拉西林属青霉 素类广谱抗生素，主要通过干扰细菌细胞壁的合成而起杀菌作用，主要用于铜绿假单胞菌和各种敏感革兰阴性杆菌所致的感染，但易被细菌产生的-内酰胺酶水解 而产生耐药性;舒巴坦除对奈瑟菌科和不动杆菌外，对其它细菌无抗菌活性，但是 舒巴坦对由- 内酰胺类抗生素耐药菌株产生的多数重要的-内酰胺酶具有不可逆性的抑制作用。舒巴坦可防止耐药菌对青霉素类和头孢菌素类抗生素的破坏，舒巴坦与青霉素类和头孢菌素类抗生素具有明显的协同作用。体外试验显示，本品与单用哌拉西林相比，对下列各种常见的致病菌的产酶菌 株，具有协同作用(MIC值可降低4倍以上): 甲氧西林耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌、甲氧西林耐药的表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、产气肠杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、变形杆菌、摩根氏菌、痢疾和志贺杆菌、枸橼酸杆菌、不动杆菌、耶尔森菌、弧菌属。体外试验还表明本品对以下临床常见致病菌有杀菌作用：1. 革兰阴性菌：对产和不产- 内酰胺酶的大肠杆菌、变形杆菌、克雷伯菌属、 铜绿假单胞菌抗菌活性强;对嗜血杆菌属(流感和副流感嗜血杆菌)、沙门菌属、志贺菌属、沙雷氏菌属、枸橼酸菌属、普罗威登菌属、不动杆菌属、摩根杆菌属 、弧杆菌属、耶尔森菌属 、淋球菌和脑膜炎奈瑟菌等有较好的抗菌活性。2. 革兰阳性菌：对产和不产- 内酰胺酶的链球菌属(肺炎链球菌、化脓链球 菌、无乳链球菌)、葡萄球菌属(金黄色葡萄球菌、MSSA、MRSA、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌属)、肠球菌属等有较好的抗菌活性。3. 厌氧菌：脆弱类杆菌、其它类杆菌、梭杆菌属、消化链球菌属等。
是台灣導演趙德胤所執導的第二部劇情長片，同時也是「歸鄉三部曲」中的第二部。 劇情 阿洪打算帶著妹妹從緬甸偷渡至泰國，不過妹妹卻被人口販子帶走。在曼谷擔任導遊助理的阿洪，因曼谷洪水成災而導致生意不佳，於是決定重返泰緬邊境，想藉販售毒品原料賺錢贖回妹妹。緬甸女子三妹為了台灣身份證，幫助人蛇集團販運人口，她雖然完成帶走阿洪妹妹的販運任務，但是一心夢想新生活的她，身分證卻遙遙無期。 参考资料 外部链接 台灣劇情片 2012年臺灣電影作品 緬甸背景電影 緬甸取景電影 藥物題材電影
{{Infobox person | name = Megumi Hayashibara | native_name = 林原 めぐみ | native_name_lang = ja | birth_name = | birth_date = | birth_place = Kita, Tokyo, Japan | death_date = | death_place = | other_names = MEGUMI | occupation = | years_active = 1986–present | agent = Woodpark Office | credits = {{unbulleted list|Neon Genesis Evangelion as Rei Ayanami| Slayers as Lina Inverse|Detective Conan as Ai Haibara|Ranma ½ as Ranma Saotome (female and child)|Cowboy Bebop as Faye Valentine|Pokémon as Musashi/Jessie|Saber Marionette J as Lime|Magical Princess Minky Momo (1991) as Minky Momo of Marinarsa|Mashin Hero Wataru series as Himiko Shinobibe|Sailor Moon Cosmos as Sailor Galaxia}} | height = 155 cm | children = 1 | website = | module = }} is a Japanese voice actress, singer, lyricist and radio personality from Kita ward in Tokyo and is affiliated with self-founded Woodpark Office. One of the most prominent Japanese voice actresses since the 1990s, Hayashibara is best known for her roles in Neon Genesis Evangelion, Love Hina, Saber Marionette J, Magical Princess Minky Momo, Mashin Hero Wataru, Ranma ½ alongside with Noriko Hidaka, Kikuko Inoue, Minami Takayama & Rei Sakuma, Cowboy Bebop, Slayers, Detective Conan, Pokémon, All Purpose Cultural Catgirl Nuku Nuku, Video Girl Ai, and Shaman King where she also performs the opening themes for the 2001 series, Over Soul and Northern Lights, as well as the 2021 adaptations theme Soul Salvation. Biography Hayashibara was born on March 30, 1967, in Kita Tokyo, Japan. She studied at a Catholic school and at one point was bullied in fifth grade. She was an active club member and participated in the Badminton, Biology, Broadcasting, Drama and English clubs. She played the role of Alice in an English language production of Alice in Wonderland. Despite qualifying as a nurse, she has never been employed in a nursing position. On March 30, 1998, Hayashibara got married. On January 10, 2004, Hayashibara announced on her radio show that she was pregnant with her first child. On June 28 of the same year, she gave birth to her daughter by via caesarian section. Voice acting On the same day as submitting the application for nursing school, Hayashibara went to a book store and found an advert offering free anime voice acting auditions at Arts Vision. Several months after submitting a demo tape, she received a confirmation of passing the first stage of the audition, and eventually decided to continue training as a nurse while doing voice acting. In 1986, after a year of voice actor training, Hayashibara was chosen to voice small roles on Maison Ikkoku. Initially, she had difficulty with her lines and had to redo many lines after the main recording sessions. Hayashibara later auditioned for Ranma ½ expecting to be cast as Akane Tendo, but was cast as the female half of Ranma Saotome instead. In 1993 and 1995, Hayashibara was a guest at Anime America. At the 1995 event, she decided to give a speech in English after believing the translation at the 1993 event did not reflect what she had said. In 1995, Hayashibara provided the voice of Rei Ayanami in Neon Genesis Evangelion, a role referred to as "innovative casting". In addition to voicing Musashi/Jessie of Team Rocket in Pokémon, Hayashibara has also voiced Ash's Pidgeotto and Pidgeot, May's Skitty, Whitney's Miltank, Clair's Dratini and Dragonair, Latios, Latias, and Anabel's Espeon in both the Japanese and English-language versions of the anime. She also provides the voice for Ai Haibara in the ongoing anime series, Detective Conan. While Hayashibara rarely voices male characters, she voiced as Shuichi Saihara in Danganronpa V3: Killing Harmony due to her deep and vast experience connected to detective characters. She has actually helped the team on making Shuichi more detective-like. In 2001 Hayashibara was cast as Anna Kyoyama In the anime adaptation of the Shonen series Shaman King while also performing the opening themes Over Soul and Northern Lights. Twenty years later she reprised her role as Anna in the 2021 remake and performed the first opening theme Soul Salvation and the first ending theme #Boku no Yubisaki. Over Soul was used as the credits song for episode 5. Hayashibara's 2010 song Osorezan Revoir would also be used as the ending theme of episode 33: which concluded the Osorezan Revoir arc of the story. DJ While at nursing school, Hayashibara started a temporary job as a DJ at a local ice skating rink. After becoming better known as a voice actress, she was given her own radio show, Heartful Station. After 17 shows, the broadcasting station cancelled the show and other anime related programming to concentrate on traditional music. However, six months later, Hayashibara started a new radio show at another broadcaster. Writing Hayashibara wrote a series of manga for Anime V magazine, with artwork by Sakura Asagi. The comics, known as "Megumi-Toons", talked about her personal life and career. The individual chapters were collected into the book , which has been reprinted several times. Hayashibara has also contributed two columns to Newtype magazine; Aitakute Aitakute, and Speaking in Character. Aitakute Aitakute is a series of interviews conducted by Hayashibara with people from all walks of life. Three compilations of the column have been published. Speaking in Character has been translated into English for Newtype USA. In February 2021, Yen Press announced the release of Hayashibara's memoir The Characters Taught Me Everything: Living Life One Episode at a Time, in which she examines her career and the ways the characters she portrayed in various anime series affected it. The book is currently available for digital release, with the physical release slated for August 2021. Filmography Television animation Original video animation (OVA) Anime films Video games Live-action Dubbing roles Drama CD Discography Albums Singles Substitutes Akiko Hiramatsu—Pokemon: Advanced Generation'': Musashi References External links 1967 births Living people Anime singers Japanese women pop singers Japanese women rock singers Japanese women singer-songwriters Japanese singer-songwriters Japanese radio personalities Japanese video game actresses Japanese voice actresses King Records (Japan) artists Singers from Tokyo Universal Music Japan artists Voice actresses from Tokyo 20th-century Japanese actresses 20th-century Japanese women singers 20th-century Japanese singers 21st-century Japanese actresses 21st-century Japanese women singers 21st-century Japanese singers Arts Vision voice actors
虎杖的药理作用是什么?？1.对心血管系统的作用 蒽醌注射液对麻醉兔有明显降压作用。连续给药几次后，药量蓄积，小剂量即可引起血压骤降甚至死亡。蒽醌注射液对麻醉兔有明显减慢心率作用，未发现心电图有其它改变。白藜芦醇葡萄糖甙(PD)注射液可使失血性休克大鼠在休克时减低的心输出量和每搏指数提高一倍左右，使总外周阻力下降到接近正常，使烧伤后下降的心输出量恢复至伤前的91%，心室功达100.1%，全身外周阻力恢复到接近正常，动物存活率明显提高。PD对正常大鼠离体工作心脏有明显的正性肌力作用，但不加快心率，能对抗普萘洛尔的负性肌力作用，还能对抗苯巴比妥钠所致心力衰竭。PD0.05.0.15.0.45mmol／L能明显加快细胞搏动率，并可被尼索地平、普萘洛尔和酚妥拉明阻断。PD0.05和0.15mmol／L能使缺糖、缺氧损伤后6小时和9小时及PD0.15mmol/L能使氯丙嗪损伤后9小时心肌细胞LDH释放量显著降低。提示PD对缺糖、缺氧及氯丙嗪损伤的心肌细胞有保护作用。虎杖能增加心肌营养血流量，但作用可被心得安所降低。体内实验表明，PD5mg／kg明显抑制ADP和AA诱导的血小板聚集作用；而对Ca2+诱导的血小板聚集也有一定的抑制作用，以给药后60分钟时抑制作用更为显著。体外实验表明，PD0.6.2.6.10.4g/ml明显地抑制ADP、AA和Ca2+诱导的血小板聚集作用，而对凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集作用不显著。PD10.4g/ml和育亨宾0.22g／ml对终浓度为0.09-1.50g/mlCN诱导的血小板聚集作用均有显著抑制作用。PD有改善微循环和兴奋肌心细胞的作用，在体内外都有抑制ADP诱导的兔血小板聚集作用。PD能明显地抑制ADP和肾上腺素诱导的人血小板聚集，前者的抑制率为15.2-29.7%，后者的抑制率为21.9-45.9%。PD6.7-107.2umol／L明显抑制AA和ADP诱导的兔血小极聚集和TXB2的产生，血小板聚集的抑制率分别为48-90%和43-69%；TXB2产生的抑制率分别为50-87%和43-68%；血小板聚集的抑制率和TXB2产生的抑制率间呈显著正相关。PD有扩张肠系膜微血管的作用。采用兔离体血管容积法观察到PD1.71mmol／L可非竞争性抑制去甲肾上腺素收缩肺动脉的作用。4.09mmol／L及5.12mmol／L可舒张兔离体肺动脉，5.12mmol／L可舒张兔离体颈动脉。PD对肺动脉的舒张作用可被B-肾上腺素受体阻滞剂普萘洛尔减弱。PD可以使烧伤后收缩型血管转变为扩张型，减少血栓形成。PD对大鼠不可逆性失血性休克时血压的影响：静脉注射不同剂量的PD和回输放出的血液后，可使动脉血压稳定上升，使休克时缩窄的细动脉口径恢复，毛细血管开放，动物存活率明显提高。PD的作用效果与剂量增加有一定的趋势。2.保肝作用：PD、白藜芦醇(Resveratrol)对口饲过氧化玉米油所致大鼠肝损害有治疗作用，主要结果为：。2.1.部分制止大鼠肝中过氧化类脂化合物的堆集(TC、TG、PC、LPO的蓄积)。2.2.降低小鼠血清中的GOT和GPT的水平，降低LPO和减少血清FFA、血清中的TC、TG、HDL-ch水平不变；(3)阻止过氧化物在鼠肝内微粒体ADP和N-ADPH所诱导。对饮用玉米油-胆固醇-胆酸酸性混合物的小鼠的实验结果表明，PD、白藜芦醇影响类脂新陈代谢为：。2.3.服用白藜芦醇对TC、TG在肝中积聚有一定抑制作用；PD对血清TG和LDL-ch的提高有一定抑制作用；减少了致动脉粥样硬化指数。2.4.白藜芦醇和PD减少了在小白鼠肝中的14C-软脂酸的脂肪生成。虎杖、小田基黄煎剂能明显降低血清肝红素量和降低血清谷丙转氨酶活力的作用，但无利胆作用。3.抗菌、抗病毒作用：大黄素、7-乙酰基-2-甲氧基-6-甲基-8-羟基-1，4-萘醌具有抗菌活性。白藜芦醇体外抗菌试验表明：其对导致顽癣、汗疱状白癣的深红色发癣菌、趾间发癣菌具有强力抗菌性能，并对枯草杆菌、藤黄八迭菌等有较强的杀菌作用。大黄素、PD、大黄素-8-葡萄糖甙对金黄色葡萄球菌、肝炎双球菌有抑制作用。虎杖中含有的一种黄酮类物质对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色葡萄球菌、变形杆菌有抑制作用。10%虎杖煎液对单纯疱疹病毒、流感亚洲甲型京科68-1病毒及埃可型病毒(ECHO11)均有抑制作用。3%煎液对479号腺病毒3型、72号脊髓灰质炎型、44号埃可9型、柯萨奇A9型及B5型、乙型脑炎(京卫研I株)、140号单纯疱疹等7种代表性病毒株均有较强的抑制作用。虎杖单体和可使乙型肝炎抗原滴度降低8倍。4.镇咳平喘作用：用电刺激猫喉上神经法实验表明大黄素、PD、复方阴阳莲(虎杖、十大功劳、枇杷叶煎剂均有镇咳作用。用小白鼠恒压氨雾法也显示PD有镇咳作用。虎杖7.5%煎液能对抗组胺引起的豚鼠气管收缩加药5分钟后，对抗强度为75%，故有一定平喘作用，但其作用强度不如氨茶碱。对乙酰胆碱引起的气管收缩无对抗作用。5.对培养人脐静脉内皮细胞释放前列环素(PGI2)及形态学的影响：用放射免疫分析法测定培养液中6-keto-PGF1a浓度的方法研究了PD对原代培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞释放前列环素的影响，结果表明PD有呈剂量依赖增加PGI2释放的作用，PD0.46.0.15mmol／L作用10分钟时，6-keto-PGF1a增加显著，且前者的作用至30分钟时仍非常界著，但低于0.15mmol／L剂量时则无增加作用。未见PD对细胞形态学产生影响。6.抗肿瘤作用：蒽醌类化合物能抑制人早幼粒白细胞(HL-60)细胞其作用机理主要是抑制细胞DNA和RNA的合成以大黄素的细胞毒作用最强，在100umol／L(约40g/ml)浓度下对DNA的前体物［3H-Me］dThd掺入抑制作用顺序是：大黄素、大黄素甲醚-8-O-D-葡萄糖甙＞大黄素甲醚＞大黄素-8-O-D-葡萄糖甙＞大黄酸＞虎杖甙。对RNA前体物［5.3H］cyd掺入抑制作用要小些，其顺序是：大黄素＞大黄素甲醚＞大黄素甲醚-8-O-D-葡萄糖甙，虎杖甙。大黄素比其葡萄糖甙具有更强的细胞毒作用，而其他成分没有这种构效关系。口服虎杖煎剂10天，对小鼠艾氏腹水癌的抑瘤率为35.3%，并能延长动物存活时间。大黄素对小鼠肉瘤、小鼠肝瘤、小鼠乳腺癌、小鼠艾氏腹水癌、小鼠淋巴肉瘤、小鼠黑色素瘤及大白鼠瓦克癌等7个瘤株的抑制率均在30%以上。7.降血糖作用：家免静脉注射从虎杖中提得的草酸，可引起低血糖性休克。虎杖可降低实验性动物糖尿病的发生率和死亡率。8.降血脂作用：白黎芦醇甙给正常大鼠灌胃200mg／kg，连续7天，能明显降低血清胆固醇，而虎杖煎剂无明显作用，可能因煎剂中白黎芦醇含量较少所致。9.止血作用：虎杖煎剂作用，对外伤出血有明显止血作用，内服对上消化道出血也有止血作用。10.其它作用：虎杖提取物有解热镇痛作用。白黎芦醇甙与戊巴比妥钠及氨基甲酸乙酯有协同作用，能明显延长小鼠睡眠时间。虎杖煎剂对烫伤创面有收敛、防止感染和消炎作用。此外，一定浓度的大黄素可引起小肠肌张力增高，收缩振幅增大，增大剂量则可抑制小肠活动。
《过春天》（）是2018年中國大陸青春犯罪剧情片、导演白雪的处女作，由黄尧、孙阳、汤加文、倪虹洁、江美仪、廖启智和焦刚主演。影片讲述了单非家庭的16岁高中女学生“佩佩”游走于深圳和香港两地间的水货客冒险生活。影片于2018年9月7日在第43届多伦多国际电影节全球首映，2019年3月15日在中国大陸正式上映。 剧情 16岁单非家庭女孩“佩佩”（黄尧 饰），她的城市既是香港、也是深圳，一边有身份，一边有生活。为了和闺蜜去日本看雪，佩佩努力打工但还是来不及賺够去日本的机票钱；一次偶然的机会让佩佩结识了走私水货的闺蜜男友阿豪并凭自己聪明伶俐走上了走私苹果手机的道路。很快佩佩賺够了机票钱，却因为闺蜜发现自己和她男友曖昧而公开翻脸，和阿豪的单干走私生意也被老大发现，眼看没好果子吃的时候警察刚好破门而入，反而救了佩佩。 阵容 发行 影片于2018年9月7日在第43届多伦多国际电影节全球首映，获得媒体的赞扬。在第二届平遥国际电影展上，影片斩获最佳影片和最佳女演员两项大奖。 影片入围第69屆柏林影展新生代单元的消息公布当天，影片宣布定档2019年3月8日上映，后改档到3月15日上映。 電影歌曲 主題曲 『過春天』 作詞：賀斌 作曲：賀斌、李繽 編曲：李繽 主唱：譚維維 插曲 『少女年華』 作詞：蘇智聰、盛哲 作曲：馬敬 編曲：莫非定律 主唱：劉惜君 另見 深港學生跨境上學問題 参考资料 外部链接 2018年中国电影作品 2018年剧情片 2010年代犯罪片 2010年代青春電影 官話電影 粤语电影 深圳取景电影 香港取景电影 深圳背景电影 香港背景电影 中國導演處女作 万达电影 香港境內水貨客問題 2018年電影導演處女作 中國劇情片 中国犯罪片 中国青春电影
于尔根·施罗德（，），德国男子赛艇运动员。他曾代表德国联队参加1964年夏季奥林匹克运动会赛艇比赛，获得男子八人单桨有舵手银牌。 参考资料 德国男子赛艇运动员 德国联队奥运赛艇运动员 1964年夏季奥林匹克运动会赛艇运动员 1964年夏季奧林匹克運動會獎牌得主 奧林匹克運動會划船獎牌得主 德国联队奥林匹克运动会银牌得主 欧洲赛艇锦标赛奖牌得主
John Briggs House is a historic home located at Milo Center in Yates County, New York. It is a Federal style structure built about 1795. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994. References Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state) Federal architecture in New York (state) Houses completed in 1795 Houses in Yates County, New York National Register of Historic Places in Yates County, New York
Tubular Bells III, The Premiere Performance is a live concert video by Mike Oldfield released in 1998. It was released on VHS and Laserdisc in 1998, and later packaged with Tubular Bells II Live on DVD, which was certified Gold in UK. Concert The video is a full faithful performance from the premiere concert of the Tubular Bells III album at Horse Guards Parade, London, and was released by Warner Music. The concert finishes with encores of "Secrets" and "Far Above the Clouds". "Tubular Bells Part one", "Moonlight Shadow" and "Family Man" were also performed during the encore, but due to these being written by Oldfield when he was with Virgin Records they do not appear on the video. During the performance of "Man in the Rain" the lights unexpectedly cut out. Oldfield's former Virgin record boss, Richard Branson, was also in the audience. Track listing "The Source of Secrets" "The Watchful Eye" "Jewel in the Crown" "Outcast" "Serpent Dream" "The Inner Child" "Man in the Rain" "The Top of the Morning" "Moonwatch" "Secrets" "Far Above the Clouds" "Secrets" (Reprise) "Far Above the Clouds" (Reprise) Personnel Mike Oldfield - guitars, keyboards Robin Smith – keyboards Adrian Thomas – keyboards, engineering Hugh Burns – guitar Carrie Melbourne – bass, chapman stick Katherine Rockhill – piano Ian Thomas – drums, electronic percussion Jody Linscott – percussion Alasdair Malloy – percussion Pepsi Demacque – vocals Amar – vocals Rosa Cedrón – vocals Hamish Hamilton – director Rachel Holmyard – audio production References Concert films Mike Oldfield video albums 1998 video albums 1998 live albums Live video albums
勒文贝格兰（）是德国勃兰登堡州的一个市镇，隶属于上哈弗尔县。总面积为245.42平方千米，截至2020年总人口为8411人。 参见 勃兰登堡州市镇列表 参考来源 勃兰登堡州市镇
Bobby Ellis OD (2 July 1932 – 18 October 2016) was a Jamaican trumpet player. He worked with many reggae artists including Peter Tosh, Burning Spear and The Revolutionaries. Biography Born in Kingston on 2 October 1932, Bobby Ellis attended the Alpha Boys School which is famous for its musical alumni. While at this school Ellis received tuition on the trumpet and flugelhorn. The school's music curriculum consisted of marches, waltzes and classical pieces which gave Ellis an extensive knowledge of timing, harmony and form. These factors have contributed to his work as a horn arranger for the Studio One. He also acted as arranger for producer Jack Ruby and was part of Ruby's studio band the Black Disciples, playing on Burning Spear's Marcus Garvey album and going on to tour as part of Spear's band for twelve years. He also played and co-arranged (with Tommy McCook) the horns on Bunny Wailer's 1976 album Blackheart Man. In August 2014 it was announced that he would receive the Order of Distinction (Officer Class) in October that year. Ellis died at the University Hospital of the West Indies on 18 October 2016, aged 84, from a pneumonia-related illness. Solo discography Rent a Tile (2014) with Tommy McCook Green Mango (1974), Attack - Tommy & Bobby Blazing Horns (1977), Grove Music - Tommy McCook and Bobby Ellis Tommy McCook Featuring Bobby Ellis (2004), Attack other collaborations Bobby Ellis & the Professionals Meet the Revolutionaries (1977), Third World With Herbie Mann Reggae (Atlantic, 1973) Reggae II (Atlantic, 1973 [1976]) References External links https://web.archive.org/web/20090628085915/http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/throb/html/20030404t210000-0500_42070_obs_bobby_ellis_was_born_to_blow.asp 1932 births 2016 deaths 20th-century Jamaican male musicians 21st-century Jamaican male musicians 20th-century trumpeters 21st-century trumpeters Male trumpeters Musicians from Kingston, Jamaica Jamaican reggae musicians Jamaican trumpeters Officers of the Order of Distinction People educated at Alpha Boys School Deaths from pneumonia in Jamaica
Hard Rock Casino Vancouver (formerly Boulevard Casino) in Coquitlam, British Columbia is the largest casino in the province of British Columbia by gaming space. The casino is open 24 hours a day and is owned by Great Canadian Entertainment. According to their 2006-07 annual report, Boulevard Casino was the third most profitable gaming venue in B.C., bringing in more than $158 million for the year (up to $28.9 million over the previous year). The increase is attributed to the new show theatre, where the casino sees up to 5,000 guests on show nights. The funding agreement with the province means the casino must give 10% of its net take to the city of Coquitlam. In 2010 Coquitlam received $8.2 million, which the city put into a community group fund and into major capital projects, such as the new Chimo Aquatic and Fitness Centre in 2008, the Percy Perry Stadium renovation in 2009, the Coquitlam Sports Centre renovation in 2010, and the new City Centre Public Library in 2011. The casino re-branded itself as Hard Rock Casino Vancouver on December 20, 2013, after an agreement with the Seminole Tribe of Florida which owns the Hard Rock Cafe and is the legal the franchisor and owner of the Hard Rock brand. Amenities As part of the 2006 expansion, the new 1,074-seat The Molson Canadian Theatre was opened on-site. See also List of casinos in Canada References External links Official webpage Birds-Eye view of Boulevard Casino from Live Search Maps Buildings and structures in Coquitlam Casinos in British Columbia Tourism in British Columbia Hard Rock Cafe 2001 establishments in British Columbia
母猪疯病吃什么？癫痫病，俗称“羊癫疯”、“羊角风”，是一种发病率很高的神经系统疾病，对患者的生理、心理都都带来了严重想影响。是由多种病因引起的以脑部神经元过度兴奋放电所致的突然、反复、短暂的部分或整个脑功能障碍为特征的慢性疾病，精神刺激、脑部等。母猪疯病吃什么呢？要长期规律服用合适的抗癫痫药物。避免促发因素，注意休息，避免过度劳累，避免焦虑紧张情绪刺激，忌烟酒，咖啡，预防感冒，.如饮酒、疲劳、暴饮暴食、睡眠剥夺、精神压抑、感染疾病、受凉发热等。预防感冒，避免情绪激动，多吃新鲜蔬菜/水果,食品应多样化，如米饭、面食、肥肉、瘦肉、鸡蛋、牛奶、水果、蔬菜、鱼、虾等，忌食油腻肥厚、酒类及刺激性食物，茶、咖啡、巧克力等也需慎用。另外患者一定要保证充足睡眠，不要熬夜。尤其儿童癫痫病人，更应保证充足的睡眠时间。必须注意劳逸结合。不要过度紧张和疲劳，以免使癫痫发作。同时在饮食上要有节制，饱餐或饥饿以及一次性大量饮水或是吸烟喝酒均可诱发癫痫，癫痫患者必须合理营养。癫痫病人要树立战胜疾病的信心，保持乐观情绪，正确对待疾病。有了良好的心理状态，主动配合医生，一直长期治疗，绝大多数病人可过与正常人一样的生活。有时得了癫痫病的人于家属受世俗错误观念干扰，错误地认为该病是不治之症，或因担心别人知道而讳疾忌医，白白失去了早期诊治的机会，十分可惜。癫痫病人要树立战胜疾病的信心，保持乐观情绪，正确对待疾病。有了良好的心理状态，积极配合医生，坚持长期治疗，绝大多数病人可基本治愈而过上与正常人一样的生活。
Eminovo Selo is a village in the municipality of Tomislavgrad in Canton 10, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Demographics According to the 2013 census, its population was 595, all Croats. Footnotes Bibliography Populated places in Tomislavgrad
川崎病血象特点？在前些年的时候，风湿热是我国小儿后天性心脏疾病的最主要原因之一。但是近些年来，川崎病的发病几率明显攀升，据调查发现，川崎病的发病几率已经远远大于风湿热，显然，目前川崎病已取代为我国小儿后天性心脏病的主要病因之一。川崎病又称皮肤粘膜淋巴结综合症，主要表现为全身急性发热性出疹，从而引起全身血管产生炎性变化的小儿疾病。川崎病的由来是因为此病由日本川崎富医生首次报道。目前川崎病被分为结缔组织疾病内。川崎病发病一共有四期，每一期都有不同的症状。第一期：约两周，发病特点为：血管开始发炎，并引起周围组织的发炎，淋巴细胞和其它白细胞的浸润，并且引起局部水肿。第二期：约四周，发病特点为：小血管的发炎减轻，病情开始以中等动脉的炎变为主，常引发冠状动脉瘤及血栓，大动脉少见血管性炎变，病情变化较大的是单核细胞浸润或坏死性变化。第三期：约六周，发病特点为：病症开始转移，小血管及微血管炎消退，中等动脉发生肉芽肿现象。第四期：约七周或更久，血管的炎变大部分都已经消失了，此时开始形成中等动脉的血栓，梗阻，内膜增厚从而引发出现动脉瘤以及瘢痕。产生的关于动脉病变分布较广，可分为两种类型，分别为脏器外的中等动脉或者大动脉，或者脏器内的动脉，两者都有侵染。川崎病引起的血管炎不仅涉及血管，还涉及许多器官，对心脏的影响是不言而喻的。而川崎病是一种小儿疾病，最常见于未成年幼儿，该病非常危险。川崎病最有可能在疾病早期与其他疾病混淆，所以一定要注意。幼儿的父母还必须及时观察孩子的动态，找到原因及时治疗，不要延误疾病的黄金时间。
《拍厲得》（）是Lars Klevberg執導的2019年美國超自然恐怖電影，改編自他2015年的同名短片，由凱薩琳·普雷斯科特和傑維爾·伯特等人主演。 演員 凱薩琳·普雷斯科特 飾 Bird Fitcher Tyler Young 飾 Connor Bell Samantha Logan 飾 Kasey Walters Keenan Tracey 飾 Devin Lane Priscilla Quintana 飾 Mina Rodriguez 傑維爾·伯特 飾 The Entity 米徹·佩勒吉 飾 Thomas Pembroke Kolton Stevens 飾 Young Pembroke Katie Stevens 飾 Avery Bishop Davi Santos 飾 Tyler Drew Shauna MacDonald 飾 Mrs. Fitcher Grace Zabriskie 飾 Lena Sable Rhys Bevan John 飾 Roland Joseph Sable Emily Power 飾 Rebecca Sable Madelaine Petsch 飾 Sarah Dawson Erika Prevost 飾 Linda Vu 參考文獻 2019年美國電影作品 2019年恐怖片 美國恐怖片 眩暈娛樂電影
長谷川啟介（，），日本輕小說作家。出生於福井縣。 作品 《シニガミノバラッド。アンノウンスターズ。》 《死神的歌謠》 《》（2005年3月） 《》（2007年10月） 《撲殺天使朵庫蘿》（共著） ISBN 4840234434 《》 -This is MIZUTAMASHIRO!!-（2006年12月） 註解 外部連結 作者的網頁 日本輕小說作家 福井縣出身人物
The Ward House is a historic plantation house in Enterprise, Mississippi, USA. It was built for W.A. Ward, a planter from South Carolina. It was designed in the Greek Revival architectural style, and it was completed in 1853. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since May 22, 1980. References Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Mississippi Greek Revival houses in Mississippi Houses completed in 1853 Houses in Clarke County, Mississippi Plantations in Mississippi National Register of Historic Places in Clarke County, Mississippi
Atriplex stipitata, commonly known as mallee saltbush, bitter saltbush and kidney saltbush, is a species of shrub in the family Amaranthaceae, found in all mainland states of Australia. In South Australia, it flowers all year round, however in other states generally flowers from spring through to autumn. A. stipitata is not considered a threatened species. Description Atriplex stipitata is an erect, generally dioecious, shrub which grows to in height. Its leaves are elliptic and entire, with the apices either obtuse or rounded. The leaf blade is 7 to 25 mm long on a petiole which is 2 to 3 mm long. Male flowers form disjunct spikes, and the well-spaced clusters of female flowers form slender spikes. Bracteoles surround a superior ovary, on a slender stipe which is up to 1 cm long. A. stipitata generally flowers from spring through to autumn. The common name 'kidney saltbush' is derived from the kidney shape of the fruits. When in season, the distinctive fruits make it easily identified. In 2020, N.G.Walsh & Sluiter described a sub species of A. stipitata. This sub species, miscella, presents as a monoecious plant. This sub species varies to the dioecious form. It is distinguished by having finer stems with narrow leaves. It is an erect and gracile shrub and is not as robust as the dioecious taxa with a shorter lifespan. Miscella grows from with sparser stems, making it a more narrow shrub than the sub species stipitatas which is often wider than it is tall. Taxonomy and naming George Bentham first described A. stipitata in 1870. The specific epithet, stipitata, is a Latin adjective (past participle) meaning "stemmed", that is, "having a stipe or a stem", and refers to the stemmed fruit. There are 2 subspecies of A. stipitata in the Flora of Victoria as listed below Atriplex stipitata subsp. miscella N.G.Walsh & Sluiter Atriplex stipitata subsp. stipitata The epithet, miscella, is a Latin word meaning “mixed”, believed to be referring to the mixed male and female flowers presented together. Distribution and occurrence A. stipitata is widely spread across Australia, found in all mainland states. It is most abundant in semi arid and arid zones of inland parts of South Australia and Western New South Wales. Although A. stipitata has been observed in numerous different habitats, it predominately occurs in the mallee region of Victoria and South Australia and in open wooded areas. Western Australia – subsp. stipitata is commonly found in the south-western region. Subsp. miscella remains rare, with only a single collection. Northern Territory – subsp. miscella is the more common species found in Northern Territory, however both species are present in the southern regions. South Australia – subsp. stipitata can be found in all mainland regions of South Australia except the south-east. Subsp. miscella is currently limited to the Flinders Ranges and Murray Mallee regions. Queensland – subsp. miscella is the more common species in Queensland, however both species are relatively rare in the state, appearing only in the Warrego Pastoral District. New South Wales – both subsp's are similarly dispersed across western New South Wales. Victoria – subsp. stipitata occurs in the far north-west and near Bacchus Marsh. Subsp. miscella is limited to the far north-west. Seeds from the A. stipitata can be distributed worldwide. A. stipitata has been introduced to the California coastline in the United States of America to aid in the rehabilitation of saline soils. Habitat A. stipitata prefers saline soils of clay loam and coarse textured soils. It is often sighted in areas with solonized brown soils which are high in calcium and magnesium carbonate, and thrives in eroded red soils when there is limited competition from other species. A.stipitata subsp stipitata is more frequently observed in mixed chenopod shrublands and has a stronger affinity to saline soils whereas subsp miscella is more commonly observed in open woodlands. A. stipitata survives well in dry degraded soils and has been reportedly sighted in creek banks, stony flats, slopes and ridges, flat plains and outwash plains. Uses Traditional A. stipitata, also known as bitter saltbush, is one of the lesser consumed saltbush due to its bitter flavour. However, saltbush was used for traditional medicinal purposes. The leaves of saltbush plants were ground down and mixed with water to form a saline solution used to clean and disinfect mild skin conditions and wounds. Agricultural A. stipitata performs well on agricultural land, as it is not the most palatable of the saltbush species. This species only becomes favourable to sheep and livestock when other forage is scarce. A. stipitata is high in potassium, nitrogen and protein with high digestibility making it suitable for agriculture grazing, however the high sodium content in the plant make it only desirable when there is water readily available. Agriculture farmers have observed a link to saltbush grazing and an increase in milk production and more successful birth rates in sheep. This is attested not only to the nutrient value of the plant, but also to the increased water intake of the sheep when grazing. References External links Atriplex stipitata occurrence data from Australasian Virtual Herbarium Flickr images: Atriplex stipitata Atriplex stipitata K000898568, collected in 1860 by the Victorian Exploring Expedition at Duroodoo stipitata Flora of Australia Plants described in 1870 Taxa named by George Bentham Flora of Victoria (state) Flora of New South Wales Flora of South Australia Flora of the Northern Territory Dioecious plants
Enga Oor Raja () is a 1968 Indian Tamil-language drama film, directed and produced by P. Madhavan. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, Jayalalithaa, Sowcar Janaki and M. N. Nambiar. It was released on 21 October 1968, and ran for more than 100 days at all centers of Tamil Nadu. The film was remade in Telugu as Dharma Daata (1970) and in Hindi as Dil Ka Raja (1972’. Plot Cast Soundtrack The music was composed by M. S. Viswanathan, with lyrics by Kannadasan. Release Enga Oor Raja was Diwali released on 21 October 1968, and distributed by Vijayasri. References External links 1960s Tamil-language films 1968 drama films 1968 films Films directed by P. Madhavan Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan Indian drama films Tamil films remade in other languages
Glyphipterix drosophaes is a species of sedge moth in the genus Glyphipterix. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1880. It is found in Australia, including New South Wales and Tasmania. References Moths described in 1880 Glyphipterigidae Moths of Australia
八仟師（），是一匹曾在香港出賽的退役賽駒，來港後練馬師是羅富全。 簡介 2021年5月16日，「八仟師」於香港首次出賽便一出即勝，打開其在港的勝利之門。 2022年1月1日，莫雷拉策騎「八仟師」勝出國際三級賽洋紫荊短途錦標，使得「八仟師」保持不敗紀錄，取得了五連捷，而這五場頭馬的騎師配搭皆是冠軍級騎師莫雷拉。賽後，莫雷拉說道：「或許目前還不能說牠是香港最佳短途馬，但牠已具備所有條件於將來成為那樣的一匹馬。」 不過，「八仟師」其後連續16場未再增添勝仗，只曾取得3次季軍，於2023年10月25日結束在港的競賽生涯。 在港勝出賽事全紀錄 在港一級賽出賽全紀錄 參考資料 外部連結 香港競賽馬匹 2017年出生的動物
Étaules () is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department and Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France. Located in the heart of the Arvert peninsula and the touristic region of Royannais, in the continental fringe of the "Côte de Beauté" and near the famous oyster farming zone of Marennes-Oléron, this small town is well situated in the western suburbs of Royan. The city experience constant and sustained growth for over twenty years (its population was 1,413 in 1990 and 2,375 inhabitants in 2012). With its "sisters cities" Arvert, Chaillevette and La Tremblade, Étaules forms a small conurbation of 11,630 inhabitants, with many services and shops. The town benefits from its proximity to the seaside resorts on the Atlantic coast (Royan, Vaux-sur-Mer, Saint-Palais-sur-Mer, La Palmyre) and the forest of la Coubre, a natural reserve of biodiversity, and has developed tourism-related activities, accommodation Cap France, a camping and several seasonal dwellings. It is also an important oyster production center, with two ports : Orivol and Les Grandes Roches. The city is strongly influences by Royan, the main economic center of the area. Modernization of roads, marked by the opening of a ring road round the downtown, also facilitates connections with La Tremblade, the tiny capital of the canton. Étaules belongs to the urban community Royan Atlantique (CARA), intercommunal structure gathering 79,441 inhabitants in 2011. Geography The town of Étaules is located south-west of the department of Charente-Maritime and the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in the heart of the Arvert peninsula, in the continental section of the "Côte de Beauté". The commune is in a conurbation comprising La Tremblade (the main urban centre), Arvert, and Chaillevette and could be considered part of the outlying "suburbs" of Royan which is the main urban centre and economic hub of the area. Administratively it is part of the Canton of La Tremblade and the Arrondissement of Rochefort. The city is located 2.3 kilometers from Arvert, 3.2 kilometers from Chaillevette, 4.9 kilometers from Saint-Augustin, 5.2 kilometers from Breuillet, 5.4 kilometers from La Tremblade, 7.8 kilometers from Saint-Sulpice-de-Royan, 9.7 kilometers from Saint-Palais-sur-Mer, 9.9 kilometers from Vaux-sur-Mer, 12.9 kilometers from Royan, 15.1 kilometers from Saujon, 25.6 miles Rochefort, 35.8 kilometers from Saintes, 47.8 kilometers from La Rochelle, and 107.1 km from Bordeaux. Etaules with the rest of the department belongs to the "Midi de la France", Southern France area - or more specifically "South Atlantic". The commune also lies within two major geographical areas: the Grand-Ouest and the Grand Sud-Ouest. Etaules has an area of 1,155 hectares consisting of a patchwork of salted marshes (the Seudre marshes) or soft marsh partially drained (the St. Augustin marshes), forests areas announcing the nearby forest of la Coubre, pastures, vineyards, agricultural "champagnes" with dominant cereal, and artificialised spaces, steadily a result of further development of the town and an urban sprawl particularly strong, especially along the road to La Tremblade-Saujon (D14), a major focus of the peninsula. This has created a continuous built over nearly seven kilometers from the exit of Chaillevette up Tremblade and Ronce-les-Bains, characterised by the construction of many housing estates and residential areas that unite the old urban cores and many hamlets previously isolated. Oyster farms are one of the structural elements of the municipal landscape. Established along the estuary of Seudre, which here reaches an impressive width, they form a set which overlap land and water. The countryside consists of humid green meadows and extensive gray-blue mudflats (the Seudre marshes) highlighted by golden lines of reeds, hedges, and aquatic plants with, in line of sight, the Marennes steeple forming a landmark, labyrinth of water space and light, which, in lockers shimmering in the sun (the "claires"), oysters of the basin are set to refine and where they acquire their flavor and special color under the action of a pigment (marennine) produced by a microscopic algae called "navicule bleue". Two small oyster ports, sometimes brightly painted huts, characteristics of Marennes-Oléron, punctuate this part of the town: Orivol, northwest, on the banks of the channel of the same name, lies at the junction catches of the "prise" of Malletatier and La Sause; Les Grandes Roches, a little above, is between the channels of Les Grandes Roches and Brégauds (the latter forming the administrative boundary with the municipality of Chaillevette when the channel of Orivol serves as a natural border with the town of Arvert). Natural area of rich flora and fauna, the marshes of the Seudre is a repository of rare plants and a bird sanctuary in the foreground. Descending to the south, on the margins of the estuary of the Seudre, a little accentuated tray serves buttress these wetland areas. Gradually, as it rises towards the Groies and Beauregard, he wears the vineyards for the manufacture of brandies known in the area, cognac and Pineau des Charentes, as well as local wines. Further south lie some soft hills that form somehow the backbone of the peninsula of Arvert. Formed in Cretaceous limestones heights are in places covered with superficial formations (silt, clay) where some forests flourish. The latter, which cover no less than 150 hectares, form a dense canopy where mingle hardwood (oak, holm oaks or "yeuses" in saintongeais dialect, etc.) and softwood (mainly pine trees), the first fruits of the vast pine forest of Coubre remote barely a few kilometers, and whose balsamic scent is noticeable when the summer breezes blow. The main wood of the town are the Bois de Chassagne, the Bois des Clones, the bois des Pérets or the bois des Fougerons. Further south (beyond a few materialized line or less by the main road), new marshes abut against the tray. The marshes of Saint-Augustin, soft to the contrary the marshes of the Seudre, cover 1586 hectares including 850 only on the comune of Étaules. Forming a transition zone between the coast and dune formations (Saint-Palais-sur-Mer, La Palmyre), they are a relic of the former Gulf of Arvert which became the Barbareu Pond in the Middle Ages, which initially connected to the sea by a small outlet (cove Brajado, now Bréjat) has gradually filled over the centuries, under the action of masses of dune sands which have cut off all communication with the estuary of the Gironde. Small islands emerged from these vast expanses Water: île de Paradis, île de Brèze, île de la Lourde... L'île/Isle d'Étaules - actually a peninsula - has long been the main population center of the parish before it is transferred to its current location. It does not exceed a height of 21 meters and retains many vines that bloom in these limestones and well exposed terrain. With the closure of the outlet of Bréjat, canals were dug to prevent water stagnation, long disease vectors. The Grand Ecours, which forms the administrative boundary with Saint-Augustin and Les Mathes, is one of the most important. Vast green spaces consist of wet meadows crisscrossed with ditches and punctuated by groves, Saint-Augustin marshes are home to a rich and varied flora, which rushes mingle, pulicaires, water plantain or irises. Near the Fief de Bel-Air (rue du Haut-des-Bois) or L'île d'Etaules (rue du Maine-Videau), panoramic views help to understand the reality of this conservation area. Transport Bicycle paths The commune has a network of bicycle paths as part of the "Pathways of Seudre" - a collaboration between the Department Council, the Agglomeration Community Royan Atlantique, and the Community of communes of the Marennes basin. The network has been operated since 2007 and allows the exploration of oyster farms and the Seudre Marsh landscape. Public transport The town is served by the Cara'Bus public transport network which connects to other communes in the Royannaise agglomeration. It was inaugurated on 2 January 2006 under the name " Très Royannais" and was originally composed of hybrid minibuses (electric and diesel). It has been operated since September 2008 by the Veolia Transport company and was renamed "Cara'Bus" since then. A modernization of the urban transport network in the agglomeration on 5 January 2009 led to the purchase of Heuliez shuttle buses as well as increasing the number of regular routes from three to ten with three additional routes in summer. Three Cara'Bus stops are located in the commune: Étaules-Syndicat d'initiative, Étaules-Église et Étaules-Cimetière, and a fourth in the entrance of the city, but in the commune of Chaillevette : Chaillevette-Rond-Point. Three bus routes serve the commune: Route 42 starts at Étaules passing all the stops in the commune and going to La Tremblade, Ronce-les-Bains, and Marennes; Route 41 starts from Ronce-les-Bains and goes to Cozes via La Tremblade, Arvert, Étaules, Chaillevette, Breuillet (Le Magarin stop), Saint-Sulpice-de-Royan (Fontbedeau stop), Saujon, Le Chay, and Grézac; Route 22 connects Bramble-les-Bains to the Royan multimodal railway station via La Tremblade, Arvert, Étaules, Chaillevette, Breuillet (Centre-Ville), Vaux-sur-Mer (Val Lumière shopping centre), and Royan. The commune is also served by the Les Mouettes departmental transport company, more specifically by the routes 409, 410, and 411 which connect Breuillet to Bourcefranc-le-Chapus via Arvert, La Tremblade, and Marennes. This service links to the main cities of the department. Air transport The nearest airport is that of Rochefort Saint-Agnant, about 25 kilometres north. The La Rochelle – Île de Ré Airport, 50 kilometres north, has services to some major French cities such as Paris and Lyon as well as the British Isles and Northern Europe. About 100 kilometres south-east of the commune, Bordeaux - Merignac Airport is an international airport with connections to many countries. Policy and administration Municipal administration From 1789 to 1799, under the Act of 14 December 1789, the municipal agents (equivalent to mayors) were directly elected for 2 years and re-elected by the working citizens of the town aged 25 years or more who paid a tax of at least 3 days of work in the commune. Those who were eligible paid a tax equivalent to at least ten working days. From 1799 to 1848, under the constitution of 22 Frimaire Year VIII (13 December 1799), mayors were appointed by the prefect for communes with less than 5,000 inhabitants. The Restoration established the appointment of mayors and councillors. After the 1831 organic law mayors were appointed (by the king for communes with more than 3,000 inhabitants, by the prefect for smaller) but councillors were elected by censal suffrage for six years. From 3 July 1848 to 1851 mayors were elected by the municipal council for communes with fewer than 6,000 inhabitants. From 1851 to 1871 mayors were appointed by the prefect for communes with less than 3,000 inhabitants and for 5 years from 1855. After 1871 mayors were elected again except in the capital towns (of departments, arrondissements, or cantons). It was on 28 March 1882 that the current law on municipal organization was passed which governed the principle of election of the mayor and the deputy by the council whatever the size of the commune (except for Paris). The law of 5 April 1884 fixed the term to four years, a duration increased to six years on 10 April 1929. According to its size, the commune has a council of 19 members (Article L2121-2 of the General Code of local authorities). Canton Etaules is one of the six communes in the Canton of La Tremblade. In 2010 it was the third most populous town behind La Tremblade and Arvert. Inter-communality Etaules is one of 34 communes adhering to the Urban Community of Royan Atlantique which includes the communes in the greater periphery of Royan. Courts Etaules depends on the Tribunal d'instance (district court) and the Conseil de prud'hommes (Labour Court) of Rochefort; the Tribunal de grande instance (High Court), the Tribunal pour enfants (Juvenile court), and the Tribunal de commerce (Commercial Court) of La Rochelle; the Tribunal administratif (Administrative Court) and the Cour d'appel Court of Appeal of Poitiers. The Cour administrative d'appel (Administrative Court of Appeal) is in Bordeaux. Local taxation A regional share of the Dwelling tax is not applicable. Professional tax was replaced in 2010 by the Land premium for companies (CFE) on the rental value of their property and the value added contribution of the business sector (CAVE) (the two forming the Territorial Economic Contribution (CET) which is a local tax introduced by the Finance Act 2010). Population and society Demography In 2017 the commune had 2,475 inhabitants. Distribution of age groups The population of the town is relatively young. The ratio of persons above the age of 60 years (32.8%) is a little bit higher than the departmental average (29.0%) and the national average (21.8%). Unlike national and departmental allocations, the male population of the town is less than the female population (47.2% against 48.1% nationally and 48.2% at the departmental level). Education Etaules depends on the Academy of Poitiers. The town has a kindergarten (small, medium, and large section) and an elementary school. Both schools have a school restaurant (self-service for students from the CP). The kindergarten, located on Charles Hervé Street (main axis of the city center), has three classes. Its numbers were 65 children during the 2011–2012 school year. Three teachers, three specialized territorial agents and a school carer supervise children. Place of awakening, kindergarten hosts an activity room (with a floor damping). Workshops educating smaller to other cultures are organized occasionally, as well as educational shows. New games have been installed in the playground by communal workshops in August 2010. Damping mats have been put in place in order to further secure these play spaces. The elementary school, located rue des Ecoles, has five classes: CP, CE1, CE1 / CE2, CM1 and CM2. Its numbers were 124 students during the 2011–2012 school year. The faculty is composed of five teachers, assisted by an employee of school life. The school organizes sports activities throughout the year, including swimming lessons at the pool of Saujon and sailing courses at Ronce-les-Bains. As for the kindergarten, new games and rigging were set up in the playground in 2010, with the assistance of the company "OCE Loisir". Among these include in particular a secure portal providing vertical wall bars, horizontal wall bars, ladder climbing, climbing net reinforced rope, horizontal bar and a pair of gymnastic rings. The whole is protected by amortissants carpet. The school has a new school canteen, commissioned in 2011. A home-work (local contract with schooling) has been set up for students in elementary school. In partnership with a municipal employee and in partnership with the "Relais assistance maternelle" of Royan, volunteers carrying two nights a week (Monday and Thursday) to provide assistance to children, but also to frame them for workshops (reading, crafts, etc.) and various activities; the purpose of these devices is "to promote the well-being and success of every child, but also to support the families." Finally, after-school reception service is open to school children in the town, every day of the school year, from 7:45 to 9:00 a.m. and 4:45 to 6:15 p.m. Students of high schools are directed to the collège Fernand-Garandeau of La Tremblade, Étaules dependent school district of this city. The nearest high schools are located in Royan. The urban transport network Cara'Bus is responsible for student transportation. Like all municipalities of the Sivom La Tremblade, Étaules adopts new school beats in September 2013. It is distinguished from its neighbors by asking a financial contribution set at €2.50 per child week, with a penalty of €5 per child in case of unjustified absence workshops. Youth policy Youth policy is set across the Canton of La Tremblade. It is managed by a SIVOM (Syndicat intercommunal à vocations multiples) and aims to accommodate children outside school times. It consists of three divisions: infants, children (3–12 years), and youths (13–18 years). Three Nursery schools are open to children of the canton: "La Farandole" and "Pirouettes Cacahuètes" in Arvert town centre, and "Les petites goules" at La Tremblade. The cantonal leisure centre is located in the commune and is open to children from 3 years old. It is a Summer camp without accommodation offering crafts, expression workshops, games, and activities (tree climbing, swimming, horseback riding, etc.). Mini-camps are organized during the summer. Finally, the "Maison de La Treille" at La Tremblade is open to youths aged 13 to 18 years. It offers sports activities, workshops, and outings (surfing, paintball, diving, etc.). It also offers a room with video games and internet access. Young people can also submit their own projects. The town has a playground dedicated to children 1 to 12 years since December 2013. Designed as a 'Espace multiloisirs ", it is located close to the main stadium and sports facilities of the municipality (skate park, fitness trail). Arranged with the assistance of the company "Quali-Atlantic City", which is responsible for the manufacturing and installation, it consists of six different structures: a game "Squirrel" spring (from 1 to 6 years ), a swing (from 2 to 8 years), a "castle" structure (ladders, climbing net, slide and tunnel - from 2 to 6 years), a "palm tree" structure (net climb, descent mast, slide - from 2 to 12 years), a "pyramid" structure (climbing net - from 6 years) and a portico with two swings. This recreation area for children reinforces the existing supply in neighboring municipalities including Arvert, which also has a "Parc de Loisirs" of equipment provided to the youngest. Media Television The transmitters at Royan-Vaux-sur-Mer and Niort-Maisonnay allow the reception of 18 free channels of Digital terrestrial television (TNT) across the whole commune including the local France 3 Poitou-Charentes station. On 31 May 2009, the high-power transmitter was among the first to broadcast a new multiplex which allowed the reception of the first transmissions of High-definition television (HD). Radio Most national radio stations present in the department can be heard in the commune. Departmental information is relayed by public radio station France Bleu La Rochelle. The local radio stations that can be heard in the commune are mainly: Vogue Radio (a local radio station of the La Tremblade agglomeration whose studios are in Arvert and which is transmitted throughout the peninsula, including Royan), Demoiselle FM (general broadcasting from Rochefort with studios in Saint-Georges-de-Didonne) Terre Marine FM (general broadcasting from Fouras) Mixx radio (techno, dance, and electronic music broadcasting from Cognac and retransmitted by the Saintes transmitter) RCF Accords Charente-Maritime (religious broadcasting from La Rochelle). Wit FM (general broadcasting from Bordeaux) can sometimes be heard but randomly depending on weather conditions. Press Local press is represented by the daily Sud Ouest, headquartered in Bordeaux, which has a local edition from Royan. Broadband Internet Two Main distribution frame are located in the commune. In 2013, they are unbundled by several alternative operators (SFR, Free, and Bouygues Telecom) in addition to the incumbent operator, Orange. ADSL, ADSL2+, Re-ADSL 2, and ADSL television are available in the commune. Worship Etaules belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of La Rochelle and Saintes which has been a sub-division of the Ecclesiastical province of Poitiers since 2002 (Ecclesiastical Province of Bordeaux before that date) and the Deanery of Royan. The parish is included in the Parish of the Arvert Peninsula centred on La Tremblade. Etaules houses a Church of the Reformed Church where there are services on some Sundays at 10:30am, alternating between La Tremblade, Marennes, Arvert, and Chaillevette. Other religions do not have a place of worship in the town. Economy The commune is at the centre of an attractive labour pool: the employment zone of Royan (coming from the partition of the former employment zone of Saintonge maritime, which included many communes of Pays Rochefortais, Pays Marennes-Oleron and Pays Royannais), with 27,753 jobs in 2008. The Employment zone of Royan is, with that of La Rochelle, the most dynamic region in Poitou-Charentes with both enjoying "an economic fabric and a dynamic demography" (INSEE). Growth is particularly strong due to the development of tertiary activities. 186 establishments were identified in the commune by INSEE on 31 December 2010 - mostly very small businesses: 30.6% with from 1-9 employees and only 4.3% over 10 employees. The sectors of oyster farming and agriculture remain important in the community, the two of them having 23.7% of employees. Thirty oyster farms are located in Etaules, mostly in the two ports of Les Grandes Roches and Orivol who operate all the production, refining, and shipping of oysters from the Marennes-Oléron basin. Trades and services are booming as a consequence of the development of the area and the benefits of tourism which does not only concern the coastal communities. The proximity of resorts on the Côte de Beauté (Saint-Palais-sur-Mer, La Palmyre, and also Ronce-les-Bains ) and a pine forest on the outskirts of the town (Forest of la Coubre) account for a growing increase in tourism which has helped in the establishment of appropriate infrastructure (campsites, guest houses and accommodation "Cap France") and a tourist office in the city centre. In 2010, commerce, services (for people and business), and tourism together employed 47.3% of the work force. The construction sector, which is in third place, has also had great development and employs 16.7% of the work force: a figure to be compared with the departmental average which is 10.6%. Public administration, education, health, and social welfare employ 9.6% of the workforce and Industry, which is only slightly represented in the commune, only employs barely 2.7% of the work force. The commune has many shops that complement those already present in the neighbouring communes of La Tremblade and Arvert: these three towns form a single entity closely linked at the macro-economic level. The shops are concentrated in the town centre, essentially in the Charles Hervé street, La Granderie street and "Place de Verdun". The town centre has two supermarkets (Coop and Vival), two bakeries, one butcher, one library/newsagent, two restaurant (Italian and one fast-food), one bar, two estate agents, a computer store, and two hair salons. The nearby city of Arvert has a supermarket (Carrefour City) surrounded by a small mall with a petrol station, an ALDI hard-discount store and a Super U hypermarket (2,985 square metres of sales area). The nearest major shopping area are in Royan (CC Val Lumière and Hyper Intermarché in Vaux-sur-Mer and CC Royan II and E. Leclerc in Royan). Culture Cultural facilities Etaules has a Public Library located on Charles Hervé street. Saintongeais language The commune is located in the linguistic area of Saintonge, a dialect belonging to the family of Langues d'oïl branch of the Romance languages, which also includes French, Angevin, Picard, and Poitevin with which it is often grouped in the broader classification of Poitevin-Saintongeais. Saintongeais (saintonjhais) is the vernacular spoken in the former provinces of Aunis, Saintonge, and Angoumois. It is also called Charentais or patois Charentais. Speakers are called patoisants. Saintongeais strongly influenced Acadian and therefore, by extension, Cajun. Quebecois was influenced by dialects such as Norman, Francien, and Saintongeais. The Saintongeais language has many features in common with languages such as Cajun or Acadian which is explained by the Saintonge origins of some of the emigrants to New France in the 17th century. Gastronomy Saintonge gastronomy is mainly focused on three types of products: the products of the land, the sea, and the vine. Pork preparations dominate the regional cuisine: gratons or grillons, kinds of Rillettes based on fried meats and preserved in their fat, gigorit or gigourit, a Jugging combining blood, throat, liver, and onions, sauce de la pire, onions, and local white wine. The Saintonge kitchen includes many recipes for cagouilles, the local name of the brown garden snail. Saintonge meat is especially cooked "à la charentaise" - i.e. cooked in a broth accented with white wine, garlic, and bread crumbs. Among other local specialties there are the pibales (Eels) (fry of eel caught in the Gironde, speciality of Mortagne-sur-Gironde and Blaye), oysters from Marennes-Oléron, sardines of Royan, thyeusses de gueurnouilles (Frog legs), and sanglette - a cake prepared with chicken blood and cooked onions. Traditional desserts are from peasant cuisine: Millas (cornflour cake, found in much of the South-West of France), galette charentaise (Charente waffle) in Charentes-Poitou butter, or "merveilles" (doughnuts). Etaules is located in the wine production area of "ordinary wood". Gallery See also Communes of the Charente-Maritime department References External links Official site Communes of Charente-Maritime Charente-Maritime communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia
肥胖肺换气不足综合征是什么?？肥胖肺换气不足综合症亦称Pickwickian综合症，包括肥胖。确切机制未知。
女孩子妇科炎症的症状？女性生殖系统的疾病即为妇科疾病，包括外阴疾病、阴道疾病、子宫疾病、输卵管疾病、卵巢疾病等。妇科疾病是女性常见病、多发病。但由于许多人对妇科疾病缺乏应有的认识，缺乏对身体的保健，加之各种不良生活习惯等，使生理健康每况愈下。那么女孩子妇科炎症的症状有哪些呢？下面来为大家详细解答。盆腔炎：不治疗可能会不孕。盆腔炎会患有很多的症状，例如女性会发低烧、精神不好、浑身觉得不舒服、常常失眠、总觉得小腹涨涨的、有时还会疼痛、还会出现女性月经不调等情况。一旦有这些情况的，最好赶紧去医院检查，避免从急性盆腔炎转为慢性盆腔炎，导致女性不孕不育。阴道炎：治疗彻底才不复发。健康女性的阴道对病原体的侵入有天然的防御功能，当阴道的自然防御功能受到破坏时，病原体易于侵入，从而引发阴道炎。症状常有特殊的瘙痒、白带增多、有异味、灼痛等不适。更令女性苦恼的是，阴道炎总是复发。常见的复发原因是由于用药不规范，治疗不彻底。一般阴道炎的治疗需要一定疗程，而搔痒等症状改善后，一些患者就不再坚持用药;另外，阴道炎一定要复查后才能确定是否治愈。致病因素未去除。比如，滴虫性阴道炎往往通过性生活传播，如果不洁的性生活频繁或性伴侣持续携带病原体，患者很容易反复感染。还有一些不良卫生习惯，如内裤与其他衣服一起洗、内裤晾在阴暗不通风的地方，也会使阴道炎反复发生。宫颈炎：妇科体检早发现。宫颈炎可发生于任何年龄的女性，有急性和慢性两种，其中慢性宫颈炎较多见，俗称宫颈糜烂。宫颈糜烂是由于受炎性分泌物的浸渍、宫颈鳞状上皮脱落，由宫颈管的柱状上皮覆盖代替。最后，平时要多注意锻炼身体，多做一些体育运动，要有充足的营养，保持营养均衡，多吃一些蔬菜和水果，尽量少食用含糖量高的或者油炸的食物。夫妇双方都要养成良好的卫生习惯，特别要注重性器官的清洁。以上就是关于女孩子妇科炎症的症状的详细介绍，希望对你们有所帮助。
露絲·佩雷德尼克（希伯來文： רות פרדניק‎；出生於倫敦）是出生於英國的以色列籍心理師，她是選擇性緘默症領域的先驅。 生平 露絲·佩雷德尼克畢業於倫敦學院（1983）、倫敦大學教育學院（1984），以及耶路撒冷希伯來大學（教育心理學，2002）。她在英國的論文是「母親對嬰孩的專注程度與嬰孩對母親的依附之間的關係」。她在以色列的論文是「移民家庭中的選擇性緘默症」，指導教授是約埃爾·伊萊澤，經費由馬丁與薇薇安·萊文兒童和青少年發展中心贊助。露絲·佩雷德尼克任教於林肯學校，也在阿根廷的耶胡達·哈萊維教師訓練學院（1986-1987）教授教育心理學。她與先生古斯塔沃·派來德尼克居住在耶路撒冷的近郊，育有五個小孩。 專業 露絲·佩雷德尼克二十多年來專精於治療選擇性緘默症和其他焦慮症。她在耶路撒冷市的耶路撒冷心理服務中心工作，發展出一套以認知行為技巧為主的選擇性緘默症治療模式。她是一家專精於治療選擇性緘默症診所的負責人，也在歐洲、美洲及亞洲演講並訓練家長和治療師。她著有《選擇性緘默症治療手冊》，有英文和中文版，也和希伯來大學的約埃爾．伊萊澤教授合著希伯來文的治療手冊。 露絲·佩雷德尼克治療模式的創新之處是，在兒童或青少年的自然環境中治療（到家裡和校內進行治療），而非在治療所。這是因為選擇性緘默症最嚴重、亟需改善的症狀，發生在學校裡。她的治療模式剛發表時，被認為悖離傳統，但現已被普遍接受，成為一些國際選擇性緘默症治療中心的首選。露絲·佩雷德尼克主張治療師在治療兒童時必須擔負權責，選擇實證本位的介入方式，做到有效的治療。 出版 約埃爾·伊萊澤，露絲·佩雷德尼克（2003年12月），「移民家庭與在地家庭中選擇性緘默症的盛行率與描述：對照研究」，《美國兒童與青少年精神醫學學會期刊》42 (12): 1451–1459. doi:10.1097/00004583-200312000-00012. PMID 14627880。 《靜水流深：選擇性緘默症治療指南—家長、教師和治療師工作手冊》，2011。 《用愛聽見沉默～2018選擇性緘默症講座》 ，2018。 參考資料 外部連結 The Selective Mutism Treatment and Research Center המרכז לטיפול באילמות סלקטיבית Ruth Perednik 選緘知識推廣
琼南柿（学名：）为柿科柿属下的一个种。 参考文献 扩展阅读 howii
大事記 1520年，路德教派正式成立，反對天主教教皇及其儀式，世稱新教。 1521年，明武宗驾崩，明世宗即位。麥哲倫率船隊橫渡太平洋，至菲律賓群島，與土人作戰時陣亡。 1521年至1524年，大礼议。 1522年，麥哲倫船隊維多利亞號返抵西班牙。 1523年，日本諸道爭貢於中國，僧宗設先至寧波，僧瑞佐後至，寧波民宋素卿賄市舶司太監賴恩，先閱僧瑞佐貨，僧宗設大怒，追僧瑞佐至紹興，不得，沿途殺掠而去，浙中大震。明政府逮宋素卿下獄，廢市舶司，絕貿易。 1524年，瓜地馬拉城建立。 1525年，帖木兒五世孫巴卑爾，崛起阿富汗。 1526年，土耳其帝國蘇丹蘇里曼一世攻入中歐，滅匈牙利王國 1528年，巴卑爾攻印度，陷德里城，建莫臥爾帝國。 出生 逝世 2
花蓮機場（，太魯閣語：Rduwan Msangay Asu Skiya Skangki，）是位於臺灣花蓮縣新城鄉的機場，場區位在花蓮市中心北方，橫亙整個新城鄉最南部。該機場為一，也是東臺灣第一座國際機場，主要由中華民國空軍管理，分為山側的空軍佳山基地、以及海側的空軍花蓮基地；民用部分位於海側，稱為花蓮航空站，由交通部民用航空局經營。由於本場為軍民合用，機場內有大量軍事設施，故禁止於起降時對機場內攝影。 歷史 花蓮機場的前身是日治時期的「花蓮港北飛行場」，興建於1936年，屬於軍民共用的機場，由經營。第二次世界大戰結束後，由中華民國政府接收。 1962年5月16日：成立花蓮航空站，為飛航國內航線。 2001年4月27日：奉行政院核定日本包機可在花蓮機場內起降，為臺灣第一個開辦國際航線之乙種航空站，也是東臺灣第一個國際機場。 2001年10月9日：華信航空花蓮－宮崎直航包機首航，為花蓮航空站成立後首班於本地起降的國際班機（已停飛）。 2004年3月19日：新航廈正式營運，其建築融合了臺灣原住民傳統住屋，與漢族合院式住宅的特色，並有國內、國際線分流。 2004年8月8日：花蓮－首爾復興航空直航包機首航（已停飛）。 2004年10月19日：復興航空花蓮－澳門直航包機首航（已停飛）。 2005年11月13日：中華航空重回花蓮天空執行日本包機任務（已停飛）。 2006年1月30日：花蓮－馬尼拉直航包機首航（已停飛）。 2006年10月26日：華信航空花蓮－石垣島直航包機首航（已停飛）。 2007年7月1日：澳門航空澳門－花蓮包機首航，創花蓮境外包機先例（已停飛）。 2007年9月3日：中華航空花蓮－鹿兒島包機首航（已停飛）。 2008年7月4日：復興航空花蓮－與那國島包機首航（二戰結束後首次飛航，已停飛）。 2010年1月5日：復興航空花蓮－石垣島定期包機航班首航，為花蓮航空站成立後首條國際定期包機航線（已停飛）。 2010年5月21日：華信航空花蓮－香港包機首航（已停飛）。 2012年4月19日：復興航空花蓮－杭州定期包機航班首航（已停飛）。 2012年10月10日：復興航空長沙－花蓮包機首航（已停飛）。 2012年12月26日：花蓮－日本大分包機首航（已停飛）。 2013年2月9日：山東航空濟南－花蓮定期包機首航（已停飛）。 2013年3月24日：復興航空花蓮－青森包機首航（已停飛）。 2013年4月25日: 中國東方航空青島－花蓮包機首航（已停飛）。 2013年10月2日：復興航空增開花蓮－天津定期包機航班（已停飛）。 2016年2月27日：祥鵬航空昆明－花蓮包機首航（已停飛）。 2016年7月20日：國泰港龍航空香港－花蓮包機首航（已停飛）。 2016年7月30日：中華航空花蓮－香港包機首航（已停飛）。 2016年11月22日：復興航空即日起全部停飛。 2016年12月6日：香港快運航空香港－花蓮定期包機航班首航（已停飛）。 2017年7月4日：泰國越捷航空曼谷－花蓮包機首航（已停飛）。 2018年4月13日：天空吳哥航空金邊－花蓮－暹粒包機首航（已停飛）。 2018年6月20日：金門縣旅行公會與遠東航空合作，開闢金門－花蓮包機首航，第一次有國內航線包機直飛及首次外島飛東部航線（已停飛）。 2019年7月6日：山東航空濟南－花蓮定期包機復航。 2019年8月24日：山東航空濟南－花蓮定期包機停航。 2019年10月15日：韓國易斯達航空仁川－花蓮定期包機首航。 2019年10月17、20日：韓國釜山航空蔚山－花蓮包機首航（已停飛）。 2019年10月25、28日：中華航空下地島－花蓮包機首航（已停飛）。 2019年10月17、20日：韓國釜山航空蔚山－花蓮包機首航（已停飛）。 2019年11月11日：韓國易斯達航空釜山－花蓮定期包機首航。 2020年10月27日：立榮航空金門－花蓮包機。 2023年4月28日：越捷航空峴港－花蓮包機。 2023年7月6日、28日：泰國獅子航空曼谷－花蓮包機。 空軍司令部派駐單位 空軍第五戰術混合聯隊（原第401戰術混合聯隊）：臺灣花蓮空軍基地（聯隊長少將、副聯隊長上校） 第十七戰鬥機作戰隊：（F-16 A/B）20架 第二六戰鬥機作戰隊：（F-16 A/B）20架 第二七戰鬥機作戰隊：（F-16 A/B）20架 第十二戰術偵察機中隊：（RF-5E虎眼式偵察機、RF-16戰隼偵察機）10架 空軍照相技術隊 空軍第五修護補給大隊 空軍第五基地勤務大隊 空軍第七修護補給大隊花蓮修護支援隊 憲兵第五中隊 空軍防空暨飛彈指揮部 空軍防空飛彈第七九二旅 第六一三營第二連：（天弓三型防空飛彈） 花蓮空軍基地歷代戰鬥機 F-5自由鬥士戰鬥機（1982年～1997年） F-5E/F虎Ⅱ式戰鬥機（1986年～1995年） RF-5E虎眼式偵察機（1997年～） F-16戰隼戰鬥機（2002年～） RF-16戰隼偵察機（2004年～） 設施 客運站 B1：汽車停車場、多用途展示空間。 1F：離站出口、國內線到站區、國際線到站區、入境證照檢查櫃檯、到站旅客等候區、行李托盤、公車站、計程車排班站、大客車等候區、機車停車場、大客車停車場。 2F：搭機入口、立榮航空櫃檯（兼代理易斯達航空業務）、華信航空櫃檯、行李託運、出境聯合服務櫃檯、免稅商店、商店街、保險櫃檯、自動提款機、貴賓室、出境證照檢查櫃檯、國內線等候大廳、國際線等候大廳、1－3號空橋登機門、4號非空橋登機門。 3F：行政辦公室、會議室、展覽展示區、賞機室。 備有 7個停機坪，1－3號停機坪有空橋連接，4號登機門備有電扶梯連絡4－7號停機坪 ※視評估擴充5－7號登機門及空橋，擴建工程第一期第一階段並無建設。 貨運站 獨立一棟貨運站場供貨運使用。 空軍基地 空軍教育訓練暨準則發展指揮部（佳山基地）。 空軍第五戰術混合聯隊（花蓮基地）。 航空公司與航點 國內航線 國內航線由立榮航空及華信航空營運台北松山、台中及高雄共3條航線，主要以ATR72-600機型執飛。 國際航線 國際航線由韓國低成本航空公司易斯達航空營運韓國首爾仁川、釜山共2條定期包機航線，主要以B737-800機型執飛，因2019冠狀病毒病關係停航，目前規劃復航中。2018年10月停航的香港定期包機航線，亦規劃復航中。 歷史航點 交通 公路 臺9線蘇花公路 統聯客運1123：花蓮車站（花蓮轉運站）─花蓮總站（東大門夜市）─花蓮機場─花蓮車站（花蓮轉運站） 排班計程車 鐵路 北埔車站 周邊 佳山基地 北埔新訓中心（153旅） 美崙工業區 新城鄉公所 內政部警政署航空警察局花蓮機場分駐所 台鐵北埔車站 國軍花蓮總醫院 家樂福花蓮店 特力和樂花蓮店 花蓮縣新城鄉新城國民中學 花蓮縣新城鄉北埔國民小學 花蓮縣新城鄉嘉里國民小學 花蓮縣花蓮市復興國民小學 大漢技術學院 國立東華大學美崙校區 花蓮縣私立海星高級中學 七星潭風景區 七星柴魚博物館 港濱自行車道 台灣原住民族文化館 參見 佳山計劃 建安計劃 參考文獻 外部聯結 花蓮航空站 電子式飛航指南，CIVIL AERONAUTICS ADMINISTRATION MOTC R.O.C. H H H 新城鄉 (台灣) 中華民國國境口岸 H
Monika Bulanda (born on 13 April 1983) is a musician and visual artist. From an early age, Bulanda showed interest in art, music, theatre, sport, language, and culture, but chose music and art as her primary focus. She has collaborated with several artists on musical and artistic projects while living in different places around the world, such as China, Turkey, India, Malaysia, and France. She currently works and lives in Istanbul, Turkey. She released her first solo album Forever I'll Be Young under the Turkish music label 3 Adım Müzik. Life and career 1983–1997: Early life Bulanda was born in Cracow. She was the youngest member of a local art gallery where she took painting classes at the Maria Kaminska and Ignacy Kurowski atelier, while at the same time taking part in various painting competitions. She started private piano lessons at the age of 6, and later began learning to play the drums from Wiesław Piszczyński who encouraged her to continue with music professionally. At the age of 13, she began performing at local weddings and events with professional bands. She also participated in regional young instrumentalist competitions where she won a couple of times in a row. 1997–2004: High school and career Preparing to enter art school, she attended VI Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. A.Mickiewicza in Cracow, specializing in linguistics. She graduated with a bilingual (Spanish and Polish) education. As the age of 16, she started to play in music clubs in Cracow, being named as the first female drummer in Poland. During jam sessions and concerts, she met musicians such as Paweł Maciwoda and Marek Stryszowski whom she performed with. She was voluntarily working at the Warsaw Summer Jazz Days and Jazz Jamboree where she met renowned jazz musicians with whom she played at jam sessions. She appeared in the "Droga do Gwiazd" young talent contest where Sony Music proposed her to join the female pop-rock band Matka, which she accepted. Playing with Matka she gained most of her performing experience, appearing on different programs such as "Kuba Wojewódzki" talk-show, "Bar" and other soap operas. When she was 19, the band Matka started to work with polish pop singer Michal Wisniewski. She continued to develop her drumming skills with Artur Malik at the Cracow School of Jazz and Contemporary Music, later Wroclaw School of Jazz Music under Andrzej Lewandowski's tetelage. She entered Katowice Academy of Jazz Music and continued to study with Adam Buczek. At the same time, she studied in Warsaw at the Chopin School of Music "Bednarska" where she was a student of Kazimierz Jonkisz. To continue her interest in linguistics she entered the University of Warsaw at the Oriental Department studying Chinese Language and Culture. Bulanda simultaneously graduated from both universities and holds B.A. in Music and B.A. in Sinology. 2007–2008: China After graduating from both universities, she quit all her bands, and left to Beijing, China. She joined the Beijing Film Academy at the Foreign Department of Chinese Language and Culture. Soon after she started to appear at Beijing Music scene playing with different Chinese musicians and bands in clubs and during music festivals around China. She was also invited to conduct drums workshops for Sonor Drums in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia what resulted with releasing the workshop DVD. 2008–present: Turkey Invited by American bass player Tony Jones to join his project in Turkey, she came to Bodrum but then moved to Istanbul and continues to live there. She collaborates with Turkish pop singer Kenan Doğulu as well as Mabel Matiz playing percussion. She is also a drummer on popular TV Show in Turkey- Elin Oğlu. She played drums for Turkish guitarist Bilal Karaman on his album Bahane and Turkish pianist Selen Gülün with her project Kadın Matınesı, getting involved in many DJ acts as well as appearing on Jazz Festivals and concerts through collaborations with jazz musicians. Besides cooperating with many Turkish musicians, she began developing her music project - writing music, lyrics and singing. In April 2015 she released her solo pop album Forever I'll Be Young which she produced under Turkish music label 3 Adım Müzik. Painting Bulanda began taking intensive painting classes at the local art gallery in Stary Sącz and as a 13-year-old she won her first prize in a regional painting competition. She planned to enter art school, but due to her allergy of paint she choose linguistic school instead. For many years she continued painting as a hobby, and collaborated on different art projects of other artists. After visiting New York in 2010, inspired by its architecture and it's multicultural aspect, she developed her unique mixed technique. Soon after she signed a contract with one of the biggest galleries of contemporary art in Istanbul. Her works were presented at the Contemporary Istanbul Art Fair. Soon after she opened couple of group and solo exhibitions. She collaborated with Dutch artist Mathilde ter Heijne on her project and also Levent Kunt on his project at the Depo Culture Centre. The emotional relationship she that established with the cities where she lived was an important matter, which formed the basis of her art. Discography References Living people Musicians from Kraków Drum and bass musicians Polish painters 1983 births Artists from Kraków
查尔斯·阿尔弗雷德·贝尔（，），生於印度的英國藏学家。 生平 贝尔生于加尔各答。早年，他入温切斯特学院（Winchester College）。在成为印度公务员（ Indian Civil Service）后，他于1905年5月被任命为英國駐亞東商務委員，1908年被任命为英國駐锡金政治专员。他很快便成了锡金和不丹有影响力的政治家。 1910年，他認識了十三世达赖喇嘛，后者当时因川军入藏而被迫逃离西藏赴英属印度。他迅速同达赖喇嘛相熟，后来他撰写了十三世达赖喇嘛的传记Portrait of a Dalai Lama，於1946年出版。 1913年，他参加了西姆拉会议。在会议之前，他在江孜会见了藏方代表夏扎·班觉多吉，并劝他把所有有关中国和西藏的关系以及西藏声索被中国占领的各地区的文件都带上。在西姆拉会议期间，英方任命贝尔为西藏助理，任命为中国助理。 他曾任英国负责不丹、锡金、西藏的政治专员（Political Officer）數次。 1919年，他辞去了英国驻锡金政治专员一职，此后专心从事研究。但是1920年，他又被伦敦方面派赴西藏拉萨当特使。 在1920年游历了西藏并访问了拉萨后，他退休赴牛津大学，在这里他写下了一系列有关西藏历史、文化及宗教的书籍。他在西藏拍摄的一些照片如今由牛津大学的皮特·里弗斯博物馆收藏。其中部分照片同约翰·克劳德·怀特等的摄影作品发表于1997年出版的图书Tibet: Caught in Time。 贝尔在中国及满洲活动期间，曾住在北京数年的担任其翻译。 他於1905年同时出版《英藏口语词典》與介绍藏语口语语法的《藏语口语手册》（Manual of Colloquial Tibetan）。 1945年3月8日，贝尔在加拿大维多利亚逝世。 著作 中譯本 英文 Manual of Colloquial Tibetan. Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1905. (Part II, English-Tibetan vocabulary; later editions 1919 and 1939) Portrait of a Dalai Lama: the Life and Times of the Great Thirteenth by Charles Alfred Bell, Sir Charles Bell, Publisher: Wisdom Publications (MA), January 1987, ISBN 978-0-86171-055-3 (first published as Portrait of the Dalai Lama: London: Collins, 1946). Tibet: Past and Present. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1924 The People of Tibet. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1928 The Religion of Tibet. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1931 参考文献 外部链接 Portrait of a Dalai Lama : the life and times of the great thirteenth the Tibet Album, British photography in Central Tibet 1920 - 1950 List of illustrations from 'The People of Tibet', Sir Charles Bell, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1928 NPG x121333; Sir Charles Alfred Bell - Portrait[查爾斯·阿爾弗雷德·貝爾的像片] 英国藏学家 印度藏学家 溫徹斯特公學校友 錫金邦政治人物 印度帝國爵級司令勳章 驻西藏外交官
用冷水洗阴茎真的好吗？阴茎分根、体、头三部分。后部为阴茎根，附着于耻骨下支、坐骨支及尿生殖膈；中部为阴茎体，呈圆柱状，悬垂于耻骨联合前下方；前部膨大为阴茎头，头尖端有矢状位的裂口叫尿道外口，头与体交界处有一环状沟称阴茎颈或冠状沟。阴茎海绵体为两端细的圆柱体，左、右各一，位于阴茎的背侧。左、右两者紧密结合，向前延伸，前端变细，嵌入阴茎头底面的凹陷内。阴茎海绵体的后端分离，称阴茎脚，分别附于两侧的耻骨下腹支和坐骨支。尿道海绵体位于阴茎海绵体的腹侧，尿道贯穿其全长。其中部呈圆柱状，前端膨大成阴茎头，后端膨大称尿道球，位于两阴茎脚中间，固定于尿生殖膈下筋膜上。每个海绵体的外面包有一层坚厚的纤维膜，称海绵体白膜。海绵体内部由许多海绵体小梁和腔隙构成，腔隙实际上是与血管相通的窦隙。当这些腔隙充血时，阴茎即变粗变硬而勃起；反之则变软。三个海绵体外面共同包有浅、深阴茎筋膜和皮肤。阴茎的皮膜薄而柔软，富有伸展性。皮肤至阴茎颈部游离向前，形成包绕阴茎头的双层环形皱襞，称阴茎包皮，在阴茎颈处又返折转行于阴茎头的皮肤。包皮与阴茎头间的腔隙称包皮腔。在阴茎头腹侧中线上，包皮与尿道外口相连的皮肤皱襞，称包皮系带。包皮过长、过紧、感染等会引起性交疼痛。幼儿包皮较长，包着整个阴茎头。随年龄增长，包皮逐渐向后退缩，包皮口相应扩大。若包皮盖住尿道，但能上翻露出尿道外口和阴茎头时，称包皮过长。当包皮口过小，包皮完全包着阴茎头而不能翻开时，称包茎。冷水洗阴茎偶尔不会有什么好坏，如果经常用冷水洗容易对阴茎和睾丸产生刺激,可能会流出精液,长期这样刺激可能会导致疾病的发生。
Patrick William Cassidy (born January 4, 1962) is an American actor and singer best known for his roles in musical theatre and television. Personal life He was born in Los Angeles, California, the son of Shirley Jones and Jack Cassidy. Jones was pregnant with Patrick while filming The Music Man; Patrick even kicked his mother's co-star Robert Preston in one scene when they were embracing. His brothers are Ryan Cassidy and Shaun Cassidy, and his half-brother was David Cassidy. He is also the uncle of Arrow star Katie Cassidy. He is married to actress Melissa Hurley and is the father of two sons, Cole Patrick and Jack Gordon. His son Jack auditioned for the 2017 season of The Voice and picked Alicia Keys as his coach. Career He decided to enter his Beverly Hills High School drama program after breaking his collarbone while playing as the quarterback for the high school football team. Screen His first starring television role was in 1981 in the cautionary NBC movie Angel Dusted. Also in 1981, he co-starred in the made-for-TV movie Midnight Offerings as the love interest of two dueling teenage classmates who happen to be witches, played by Melissa Sue Anderson and Mary Elizabeth McDonough. In 1983, he starred in Bay City Blues as a baseball player in the minor leagues. The show was canceled after just four episodes. In 1984, Cassidy portrayed the initial love interest to Heather Langenkamp's character in the film Nickel Mountain. In 1986, Cassidy played a cadet at a military academy in Dress Gray and appeared in the holiday TV movie Christmas Eve with Loretta Young. He had a role as a gambling soldier in the Ryan O'Neal sports and Las Vegas gambling film Fever Pitch. In 1988, he starred in the CBS television series Dirty Dancing, based on the film. In 1989, he appeared in Longtime Companion, portraying an actor who eventually contracts AIDS. In 1994, he appeared in the films I'll Do Anything and How the West Was Fun with Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen. In 1997, he had a recurring role on TV's Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman as Leslie Luckabee and had another Superman-related recurring role as the biological father of Lana Lang in Smallville, which was televised from 2001 to 2011. He co-starred alongside his half-brother David in a 2009 ABC Family comedy series entitled Ruby & The Rockits created by his brother Shaun. ABC Family announced on September 12, 2009 that the show had been canceled. Stage Cassidy played Frederic in the 1981 national tour of Gilbert and Sullivan's The Pirates of Penzance before taking over the role on Broadway in 1982. Cassidy's next Broadway role was Jeff Barry in the Ellie Greenwich jukebox musical Leader of the Pack, which opened in April 1985. He originated the role of The Balladeer in the original Off-Broadway production of Stephen Sondheim's Assassins at Playwrights Horizons, which opened in December 1990 in previews. Cassidy starred at the Elitch Theatre in The Robber Bridegroom in 1991. This was the 100-year Anniversary of the theatre and it was the final production at the theatre before it was dormant for over 20-years. In 1993, Cassidy starred as Bobby opposite Carol Burnett in a Los Angeles production of Sondheim's musical Company. In 1995, he portrayed John Wilkes Booth in the Los Angeles Repertory staging of Assassins. In 1998, he played Macheath in a Los Angeles Reprise! production of The Threepenny Opera; he was nominated for the Garland Award for Best Actor for his work in the role. In 1999, he played the title character in a national tour of Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat. In 2000, Cassidy co-starred with Cheryl Ladd in Annie Get Your Gun on Broadway as Frank Butler (replacement). He later reprised his role of Frank Butler alongside Patti LuPone and George Hearn in August 2010 concert presentations at the Ravinia Festival in Illinois, directed by Lonny Price. In 2001 he played Radames in the national tour of the musical Aida; he won the 2002 National Broadway Theatre Award for Best Actor in a Touring Musical before playing the role on Broadway in June 2002. In 2004-05 he was back on Broadway in 42nd Street as Julian Marsh (replacement) playing opposite his mother as Dorothy Brock. He appeared in a US national tour of Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, once again playing the title role, starting in September 2005. References External links Interview with Cassidy Profile of Cassidy Ruby & The Rockits actor/character biography 1962 births Living people American male television actors American male musical theatre actors American male film actors 20th-century American male actors 21st-century American male actors Male actors from Los Angeles
The Chairperson, Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) is the senior-most IRS (IT) civil servant in the Government of India. The Chairperson of Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) is the Special Secretary to the Government of India and also cadre controlling authority of the Indian Revenue Service (Income Tax). The CBDT Chairperson is a Special Secretary and reports to the Revenue Secretary of India. He is placed equivalent to officers of the rank of Lieutenant-General, Vice-Admiral or Air Marshal, CBI Director and Deputy Comptroller and Auditor General in the Order of Precedence. Functions The following are the functions of the Chairman: Administrative planning of the Income Tax Department. Act as advisor and conscience keeper of the Indian Revenue Service. Handle senior appointments. Represents the Finance Ministry at important tax-based conferences at UN and OECD. Transfers and postings of officers in the cadre of Chief Commissioner of Income-tax and Commissioner of Income-tax. Matters dealt with in the Foreign Tax and Tax Research Division, except matters under Section 80-O of the Income-tax Act, 1961. Ensure that the Cabinet decisions are implemented Advise the Finance Minister of India. All matters relating to Central and Regional Direct Taxes Advisory Committees and Consultative Committee of the Parliament. Public Grievances. Provide an element of continuity and stability to administration during crises. Emolument, accommodation and perquisites As the Chairperson, CBDT is of the rank of Secretary to Government of India, his/her salary is equivalent to Chief Secretaries of State Governments and to Vice Chief of Army Staff/Commanders, in the rank of Lieutenant General and equivalent ranks in Indian Armed Forces. List of CBDT Chairpersons Notes See also Principal Secretary (India) Chairperson Central Board of Excise & Customs References External links Official Portal of the Indian Government Union Public Service Commission Lists of Indian civil servants Indian Civil Services Income Tax Department of India Indian government officials
CIKX-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting in Grand Falls, New Brunswick at 93.5 MHz and 5,300 watts. CIKX was originally a repeater of CJCJ in Woodstock until the 2000s, when the station opened its studios. In April 2000, CIKX began airing programming separate from CJCJ. Studios and offices are located at 399 Broadway Boulevard in Grand Falls. On June 7, 2000, Telemedia Radio Atlantic Ltd. received CRTC approval to add a transmitter for CIKX-FM at Plaster Rock using the facilities of the CJCJ rebroadcasting transmitter, CJCJ-2. As a result of the change, the CJCJ rebroadcasters CJCJ-1 and CJCJ-2 were deleted. On April 12, 2007, Astral Media Radio Atlantic Inc. received approval to operate a transmitter for CIKX at Plaster Rock (CIKX-FM-1) operating on 91.7 MHz with an effective radiated power of 50 watts. The new transmitter would replace the existing AM transmitter at that location. The AM transmitter was inefficient, worn-out and difficult to maintain. The AM transmitter site was in a low-lying area. The new FM transmitter would be located in an area with an elevation for line-of-sight coverage. On February 4, 2008, Astral Media Radio Atlantic Inc. received approval to change the frequency of CIKX-FM-1 to 88.3 MHz. As part of a mass format reorganization by Bell Media, on May 18, 2021, CIKX flipped to adult hits, and adopted the Bounce branding. Rebroadcasters CIKX-FM-1 88.3 FM - Tobique Valley Former logo References External links Bounce 93 Ikx Grand Falls, New Brunswick Ikx Ikx Radio stations established in 1998 1998 establishments in New Brunswick
Homeland Security Grant Program (HSGP) is a program in the United States established in 2003 and was designated to incorporate all projects that provide funding to local, state, and Federal government agencies by the Department of Homeland Security. The purpose of the grants is to purchase surveillance equipment, weapons, and advanced training for law enforcement personnel in order to heighten security. The HSGP helps fulfill one of the core missions of the Department of Homeland Security by enhancing the country's ability to prepare for, prevent, respond to and recover from potential attacks and other hazards. The HSGP is one of the main mechanisms in funding the creation and maintenance of national preparedness, which refers to the establishment of plans, procedures, policies, training, and equipment at the Federal, State, and local level that is needed to maximize the ability to prevent, respond to, and recover from major events such as terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies. The HSGP's creation stemmed from the consolidation of six original projects that were previously funded by the Office of State and Local Government Coordination and Preparedness. The HSGP now encompasses five projects in the program: State Homeland Security Program, Urban Areas Security Initiative, Operation Stonegarden, Metropolitan Medical Response System Program, and Citizen Corps Program. During the 2010 fiscal year, the Department of Homeland Security will spend $1,786,359,956 on the Homeland Security Grant Program. Core program priorities As stated by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, these four areas of mission-supporting responsibilities are what drive the Homeland Security Grant Program: Protecting the United States from terrorist threats is the founding principle and highest priority. Securing the Nation’s southern and northern borders along with air and sea ports of entry. Facilitating legal immigration and naturalizing new Americans, while prosecuting those who violate the country's laws. Helping communities prepare, respond and recover from all facets of disaster. Current projects funded by the Homeland Security Grant Program The HSGP encompasses three projects with over $1 billion in funding available for FY 2017: the State Homeland Security Program ($402 million), the Urban Areas Security Initiative ($580 million), Operation Stonegarden ($55 million). The HSGP previously included other projects, including the Metropolitan Medical Response System Program and Citizen Corps, but beginning in 2012, these projects were no longer part of the HSGP. State Homeland Security Program (SHSP) This grant program offers a total of $402 million to enhance the state and local levels' ability to implement the goals and objectives of each state's individual preparedness report, which is one of the first steps in moving the grant processes, programs, and planning from a focus on loosely affiliated equipment, training, exercises and technical assistance projects to one that delivers a picture of prevention, protection, response and recovery capacity. In correspondence with the Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007 (Public Law 110-53) (9/11 Act), states receiving funding are legally required to ensure that at least 25 percent of the appropriated funds are dedicated to the planning, organization, training, exercise and equipment necessary for terrorism prevention. Additionally, SHSP funds may be used to facilitate secure identification including REAL ID, enhanced driver's licenses, Transportation Worker Identification Credential (TWIC), and first responder credentialing. Only those items specified on the "authorized equipment list" are eligible to be purchased by SHSP funding. Authorized items fall into the following 18 categories: personal protective equipment (fully encapsulated liquid and vapor protection ensemble, chemical resistant gloves, etc.) explosive device mitigation and remediation equipment (ballistic threat body armor, real-time x-ray unit, etc.), chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and high-yield explosive (CBRNE) search and rescue equipment (rescue ropes and ladder, confined space kits, etc.), interoperable communications equipment (personal alert safety system, antenna and tower systems, etc.), detection equipment (M-8 detection paper for chemical agent identification, photo-ionization detector, etc.), decontamination equipment (decontamination litters/roller systems, high efficiency particulate air vacuum, etc.), physical security enhancement equipment (motion detector systems, radar systems, etc.), terrorism incident prevention equipment (joint regional information exchange system, law enforcement surveillance equipment, etc.), CBRNE logistical support equipment (equipment trailers, handheld computers for emergency response applications, etc.), CBRNE incident response vehicles (hazardous materials vehicles, mobile morgue unit, etc.) medical supplies and limited types of pharmaceuticals (automatic biphasic external defibrillators and carry bags, epinephrine, etc.) CBRNE reference materials (National Fire Protection Association guide to hazardous materials, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health hazardous materials pocket guide, etc.), agricultural terrorism prevention, response and mitigation equipment (animal restraints, blood sampling supplies, etc.), CBRNE response watercraft (surface boats and vessels for port homeland security purposes), CBRNE aviation equipment (fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters, etc.), cyber security enhancement equipment (firewall and authentication technologies, geographic information systems, etc.), intervention equipment (tactical entry equipment, specialized response vehicles and vessels, etc.), and other authorized equipment (installation costs for authorized equipment, shipping costs of equipment, etc.). Urban Areas Security Initiative (UASI) The Urban Areas Security Initiative program makes $580 million available to enhance regional preparedness in major metropolitan areas throughout the United States. The UASI program directly supports expanding regional collaboration and is meant to assist participants in their creation of regional systems for prevention, protection, response, and recovery. Again, in correspondence with the 9/11 Act, states are required to ensure that at least 25 percent of appropriated funding is dedicated to terrorism prevention planning, organization, training, exercise, and equipment. State Administrative Agencies (Department of Public Safety, State Office of Homeland Security, Emergency Management Agency, etc.) are the only groups eligible to apply directly to FEMA for UASI grants. Regional recipients The Recipients of the UASI program include the 64 highest risk Urban Areas in the country, which are divided into the 10 highest risk areas (Tier 1) and the remaining 54 areas (Tier 2). These areas are determined by the DHS by examining the relative risk of the 100 most populous Metropolitan Statistical Areas defined by the Office of Management and Budget. Relative risk is determined in a three-step process that analyzes urban areas and states based on threat, vulnerability and consequence measurements, an effectiveness assessment of applicants’ investment justifications, and then the final allocation decision. Tier 1 areas: Los Angeles/Long Beach, San Francisco Bay, the National Capital Region, Chicago, Boston, Jersey City/Newark, New York City, Philadelphia, Houston, and Dallas/Fort Worth/Arlington. Tier 2 areas: Phoenix, Tucson, San Diego, Anaheim/Santa Ana, Riverside, Sacramento, Oxnard, Bakersfield, Denver, Bridgeport, Hartford, Miami, Tampa, Fort Lauderdale, Jacksonville, Orlando, Atlanta, Honolulu, Indianapolis, Louisville, New Orleans, Baton Rouge, Baltimore, Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul, St. Louis, Kansas City, Omaha, Las Vegas, Buffalo, Rochester, Albany, Syracuse, Charlotte, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Columbus, Toledo, Oklahoma City, Tulsa, Portland, Pittsburgh, San Juan, Providence, Memphis, Nashville, San Antonio, El Paso, Austin, Salt Lake City, Norfolk, Seattle, and Milwaukee. Operation Stonegarden (OPSG) The intent of this $55 million program is to enhance coordination among local, state and federal law enforcement agencies to secure the borders with Mexico, Canada, and international waters. OPSG is intended to support U.S. border States and territories in increasing the nation's capability to handle border security issues, emphasizing the role of local operational groups in enhancing National and State Homeland Security (such as the Federal Secure Borders Initiative and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) strategies), increasing collaboration among all the levels of law enforcement agencies, continuing the enhancements required for border security, providing intelligence-based operations through U.S. Customs and Border Protection experts to ensure safety and operational oversight of law enforcement agencies participating in the projects operation, supporting the activation, deployment, or redeployment of specialized National Guard Units, Packages and elements of State law enforcement to enhance operational activities, and continuing to increase readiness of all law enforcement agencies. Those eligible for OPSG funding are local units of government at the county level and federally recognized tribal governments in the states bordering Canada, Mexico or those with international water borders. Allocations of funds, received from the Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2010 (Public Law 110-83), are based on a risk-based prioritization by U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s sector-specific border risk methodology, which include "threat, vulnerability, miles of border and other border-specific law enforcement intelligence." On July 15, 2010, Secretary Napolitano announced that 80 percent of Operation Stonegarden funding will now be directed to Southwest border states, and tribal funding will be increased by $8.2 million to $10 million in FY 2010. Metropolitan Medical Response System (MMRS) Program In 2011, the Metropolitan Medical Response System program made $34.9 million available for the integration of emergency management, health, and medical systems into an organized response to mass casualty incidents such as nuclear, biological or chemical terrorist incidents. Successful MMRS grantees will be provided with the necessary resources to reduce the potential costs of a mass casualty incident during the initial stages of an incident by having proper coordinated response systems, such as equipment and supplies procurement, emergency triage and pre-hospital treatment/emergency medical services, hospital evacuation, patient tracking, etc. already in place. Aside from the typical local, regional and state emergency response agencies, the MMRS also includes facets of response such as disaster medical assistance teams and disaster mortuary operational response teams that may be federalized in disaster situations. The program created 124 local MMRS jurisdictions, in which the $39.36 million budget is distributed evenly. The 124 jurisdictions are encouraged to collaborate closely with local, regional, and State health and medical partners, such as Medical Reserve Corps Units, Citizen Corps Councils, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, the Center for Disease Control's Cities Readiness Initiative, and Strategic National Stockpile programs. Citizen Corps Program (CCP) In 2011, the Citizen Corps made $9.98 million in grant funding available for integrating the community and government to better coordinate local involvement in the preparation, planning, mitigation, response and recovery stages of emergencies. The main mission of the Citizen Corps is to utilize every resource by means of education, training, and volunteer service to local security and readiness to respond to threats of terror, crime, health issues, and disasters. CCP allocations are determined using the USA PATRIOT Act formula, which specifies that each of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico will receive a minimum of 75 percent of the total available grant funding. This leaves the remaining 25 percent of the total available grant funding to be allocated to the four territories of American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The balance of CCP funds are to be distributed on a population-share basis among all of the recipients. Funding controversy Some criticism of the Homeland Security Grant Program has come from the distribution of funds. Not unlike other federal funding programs, the HSGP distributes a portion of funding based on population and distributes the remainder of funding evenly. For its part, the HSGP distributes 60% of funds on the basis of population, and the other 40% is evenly spread across all recipients regardless of population. Wyoming for instance, despite being the least populous state, received more funding per capita in homeland security grants than any other state in 2004. At $45.22 per citizen of the state, Wyoming received more than four times the amount of funding per citizen given to either California or New York. Another criticism has come from the Government Accountability Office (GAO) in regards to the risk-based grant methodology. Although the GAO concluded that the overall risk-based methodology (threat, vulnerability and consequences) was reasonable, the absence of a proper way to measure variations in vulnerability greatly reduce the value of the vulnerability portion of the assessment. Ultimately, they concluded that the vulnerability measure as part of its risk analysis model should be amended to better capture variations in vulnerability across the different states and urban areas it assesses. News "SoCal gets nearly $53m in Homeland Security funds", Associated Press, 8/9/2010 See also Homeland Security Act Operation Virtual Shield Surveillance MATRIX Fusion center References Further reading Books "Terrorism Preparedness Grant Programs" in A legal guide to homeland security and emergency management for state and local governments, Ernest B. Abbott, Otto J. Hetzel (eds.), American Bar Association, 2005, p. 104 Steffen W. Schmidt; Mack C. Shelley; Barbara A. Bardes. "Your State and Department of Homeland Security Grants" in American Government & Politics Today, Cengage Learning, 2008, p. 118 Jack Pinkowksi Handbook of Homeland Security, CRC Press, 2008, p. 430 Introduction to homeland security, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2006 p. 322, Homeland Security Scams, Transaction Publishers, 2006, p. 65 "Homeland security and emergency management: A Legal Guide For State and Local Governments", American Bar Association, 2010 "Introduction to Homeland Security: Principles of All-Hazards Response", Butterworth-Heinemann, 2008 Disaster preparedness in the United States Surveillance United States Department of Homeland Security War on terror
吴志超（），江苏嘉定（今属上海）人，中华人民共和国企业家、政治人物，中国民主建国会会员、中央副主席，第四、五、六届全国政协委员，第七届全国政协常委。 参考资料 Zhi 嘉定人 中国民主建国会会员 中国民主建国会中央委员会副主任委员 中国民主建国会中央委员会副主席 第四屆全國政協委員 第五屆全國政協委員 第六屆全國政協委員 第七届全国政协常务委员 滬江大學校友 密西根大學校友
This is a list of commercial banks in Burkina Faso. Bank of Africa (BOA) Banque Atlantique Burkina Faso Banque de l'Habitat du Burkina Faso Banque Régionale de Solidarité Société Générale de Banques au Burkina (SG-BB) Banque Internationale du Burkina (BIB) Banque Sahélo-Saharienne pour l'Investissement et le Commerce (BSIC) Vista Bank Burkina (formerly BICIAB) Banque Commerciale du Burkina Ecobank Burkina Banque Agricole et Commerciale du Burkina United Bank for Africa Coris Bank External links Website of Central Bank of West African States See also Central Bank of West African States Economy of Burkina Faso List of banks in Africa List of companies based in Burkina Faso References Banks Burkina Faso Burkina Faso
The Saptak School of Music is a major classical music and performing arts education institution in Ahmedabad, India. Nandan Mehta established this institution and started Saptak Annual Festival of Music in 1980. See also Saptak Annual Festival of Music Eastern fare music foundation References External links Official website Music schools in India Education in Ahmedabad
The Bhimthadi or Deccani horse is an almost extinct breed of Indian horses. It was developed in Pune district in 17th and 18th centuries during the Maratha rule by crossing Arabian and Turkic breeds with local horse breed. History The "Bhimthadi", also known as Deccani or "Deccan breed" gets its name from the vast Deccan Plateau in India. A major trade in arabian horses in the ports of Deccan began after the Bahamani Sultanate revolted against the Delhi Sultanate. Later in the period also the heavy war horses, sought by the Mughals and the Sultans of the Deccan, were always imported, especially from Iran. The Bhimthadi breed was developed in Pune district in 17th and 18th centuries during the Maratha rule by crossing Arabian and Turkic breeds with local ponies. These horses proved excellent for Maratha forces in fighting the Mughal army in the hilly terrains of Western Maharashtra. During their conquests in the 18th century, the Marathas were proud to claim that the Deccan horses had quenched their thirst with waters of the Indus The warrior and Maharajah Maratha Yashwantrao Holkar (1776-1811) is reputed to have always battle mounted a mare named Mahua, of Bhimthadi breed. It seems that the Marathas raised a specific breed from the end of 18th century. According to local oral tradition from early 19th century, the breed was crossed with 500 Arabian horses and mares, obtained by the Nizam and nobles of Hyderabad directly Arabia. The breed is described as "Bhimthadi" in British sources. The breed also had some genetic contribution Persian and Turkish varieties. The best Bhimthadi horses were reputed to come from the valleys of the Bhima and Nira rivers in the present day Pune district. However, the breed was allowed to degenerate during British rule in India. The government of Gujarat took an initiative in 2010 to perform research on saving Bhimthadi and other near extinct breeds. In his description of the economy of India at the end of the 19th century, Sir George Watt was very impressed with this breed, he considers it one of the best in India. He reports that the best ponies are named "Dhangar" or "Khilari". The people see them as a separate breed, but Watt believes that this distinction comes from a difference in breeding practices, the breeders from the Dhangar community used to castrate their animals. The latter raise groups of 20 to 30 ponies. After their conquest of Maratha territories, the British encouraged inhabitants of the Bombay area to continue horse breeding in order to restore the old characteristics that are useful to them in the breed, by investing from around 1827 about £100,000 in a stud farm in Alegaon Paga. The experiment was abandoned fifteen years later in 1842. Famines and various British conquests that hit the region in the 19th century wiped out the livestock of Marathas. In 1850, the so-called Deccan race of the south completely disappeared. In 1898, the British could no longer find these ponies for their regiments and therefore replaced them with mules, because the race was decimated during the second campaign of Afghanistan. In 1907, the race horse breeder, Sir Humphrey Francis De Trafford reported that the Deccani breed lives "bad days". Livestock distribution The breed originates from the valley of the Bhima River in the Pune District, hence its name, Bhimthadi. Deccani has become extremely rare: in 1988, according to the count sent to FAO, they numbered less than 100. It was later added to the list of indigenous breeds of horses by FAO, around 1999, with Chummarti and Sikang, two other endangered breeds. CAB International (2002) 26 and other sources (2004) consider race to be "virtually extinct". Its threat level is still considered "critically endangered" by FAO in 2007, as well as the Uppsala University study conducted for FAO in 2010, which lists it as an Asian breed local population in critical danger of extinction. In 2014, the encyclopaedia Delachaux and Niestlé underlines the lack of information about this breed, presumed "very rare". In 2016, CAB International also cites it as "near extinct". References Horse breeds Horse breeds originating in India Maratha Empire
大古力（英文：Grand Coulee），是美国华盛顿州格兰特县下属的一座城市。根据 2000年美国人口普查，该市有人口897人。根据2010年美国人口普查，该市有人口988人。而2011年估计该市有1,044人。 参考资料 华盛顿州城市
怀孕肠炎犯了怎么办？怀孕肠炎腹痛可能是由于细菌病毒趁虚而入，消化道被大肠杆菌沙门菌等感染所致，同时出现腹痛拉肚子的情况。也有可能是因为饮食不规律，吃了生冷刺激海鲜等过敏食物，导致腹泻。或者是由于孕妇本身患有结肠炎肿瘤的情况，增加了腹泻的几率。还有就是怀孕期间环境因素导致，比如腹部受凉，肠蠕动非正常加快，肠道不适也容易出现拉肚子的情况。怀孕肠炎犯了怎么办：1、多喝水。在饮食上要遵循从由少到多，由稀到稠的基本原则。然后凉的、辛辣的，油腻的都不要再吃了。2、情况严重的人，要去医院及时治疗，切不可擅自用药。3、还要注意腹部保暖，再犯了，肚子会更难受。要注意哪些：1、多休息，家里的脏活、累活先不要做了。如果不适，要马上去医院。2、根据自己情况适当做锻炼，不仅可以缓解孕期焦虑，还可以提升免疫力。3、保持一个好的心情，任何的事情都要先以肚子里的孩子为主。4、有的人发生孕吐的时间较长，而有的人没有什么反应，因此要坦然应对孕吐。5、最好在孕期，不要有性生活，以免出现流产的现象。6、在前三个月补充预防胎儿畸形的药物。如果情况不严重，可以从饮食上调节一下。从流质的食物到固体的食物一点点转变，还要多喝温开水，注意腹部保暖。如果这个方法不可行，可能是肠胃有炎症，就要去医院开一些消炎药，并告诉医生怀孕的情况，医生会酌量开药的。喝完药，多休息，慢慢会会好的。
小花拂子茅（学名：）为禾本科拂子茅属下的一个变种。 参考文献 扩展阅读 epigeios
The Warsztaty Szybowcowe SG-7 was a Polish high performance, single seat sailplane. Two prototypes flew in 1937 but, outperformed by their contemporaries, no more were built. Design and development The SG-7, a development of the Warsztaty Szybowcowe SG-3 with reduced dimensions, was designed during 1936-7 to meet a government call for a high performance sailplane. It first flew in the late spring of 1937, followed in July by a second and final airframe. The SG-7 was a wooden aircraft with a two-part, cantilever, high gull wing. Each part was built around a single spar which acted as the rear member of a torsion-resistant D-box formed with plywood surfacing around the leading edge. Behind the spar the wing was fabric-covered apart from a ply reinforced region at the join over the fuselage. The wing was trapezoidal in plan out to rounded tips, with differential ailerons over more than half the span. Its fuselage was an oval-section, semi-monocoque plywood structure with the wing mounted above it on a faired pylon. Its enclosed cockpit was ahead of the pylon. The fuselage tapered aft to a narrow, integral fin which carried a fabric-covered, roughly D-shaped unbalanced rudder. The fin also mounted, a little above the fuselage, a narrow, ply-covered tailplane carrying rounded, fabric-covered elevators with a gap for rudder movement. The landing gear consisted of an under-fuselage, pneumatically sprung skid, assisted by a tailskid. When competed, the SG-7s were overweight, reducing their predicted performance. Operational history One SG-7 appeared at the 1937 Scout Jamboree, held in the Netherlands in late July and in early August the other competed at the Fifth National Glider Cpntest in Inowrocław but only achieved 26th place. Though it flew better at low speeds and in turbulent conditions than the PWS-101 and the Warsztaty Szybowcowe Orlik it was otherwise inferior in performance and manoeuvrability and so did not go into production. The two prototypes remained in use until 1939, when modifications were required to meet new requirements on structural safety in cloud flight. These had not been completed before the 1939 Invasion of Poland. Specifications References Aircraft first flown in 1937 1930s Polish sailplanes High-wing aircraft Gull-wing aircraft
氧化锌软膏的用法用量？注意：同种药品可由于不同的包装规格有不同的用法或用量。本文只供参考。如果不确定，请参看药品随带的说明书或向医生询问。外用，一日2次，涂搽患处。
泪腺发炎的鉴别诊断？泪腺发炎需要和下面的症状相互鉴别。泪腺肿大：泪腺肿大呈扁平状或杏仁状。急性泪腺炎：限于睑部腺或眶部腺，甚至同时发炎，局部疼痛流泪，上睑外1/3处睑缘红肿，上睑下垂(炎症)，同时伴有眼睑高度水肿，若提起上睑，令眼球下转时，可见泪腺膨出部分，严重者可使眼球向下内出移位，耳前淋巴结肿大压痛，通常1～2周后炎症消退，化脓者可自行穿破形成暂时性瘘管，亦有转变成亚急性或慢性。急性泪腺炎的诊断可分别或同时累及泪腺的睑叶或眶叶，表现为眶外上方局部肿胀、疼痛，上睑水肿呈S型弯曲变形，耳前淋巴结肿大。触诊可扪及包块，有压痛，结膜充血、水肿，有粘性分泌物。提起上睑，可见泪腺肿大充血。急性液腺炎病程通常短暂，可自行缓解，但也可形成脓肿。具体诊断依据为：1.发病急，多为单侧，局部红肿，疼痛、压痛，伴有炎症性上睑下垂，邻近结膜水肿充血。眶部泪腺发炎时还可伴有眼球向内下方移位、运动受限、复视等症状。2.眶上缘外侧下方可触到肿胀的泪腺，将上睑提起眼向下转时，可看到肿胀的泪腺从外上方结膜下膨出。3.耳前淋巴结肿大，体温升高，全身不适。
蘇守一（），字际受，號悟台，福建晉江縣人，明朝政治人物。 生平 萬曆十年（1582年）壬午科福建鄉試第三十四名舉人。會試屢次不第。萬曆二十年（1592年）方登壬辰科三甲一百九十二名進士。授滋阳縣知縣，后改任仪真縣知縣、升任戶部主事、刑部主事卒。 佚事 苏守一中乡试後，数上春宫不遇。其侄苏宇庶戏言道：你要等我。最后叔侄二人中式同科进士，并建苏氏大宗祠。 家族 曾祖蘇庸膚；祖父蘇洪照；父蘇培宗。 参考文献 萬曆十年壬午科舉人 明朝仪真縣知縣 明朝滋阳縣知縣 明朝戶部主事 明朝刑部主事 晋江人 S
复方磷酸可待因口服溶液的副作用（不良反应）？常见为口干?便秘?头晕?心悸等?一般较轻不影响治疗
肠胃炎可以吃什么东西？胃肠炎通常因微生物感染引起，也可因化学毒物或药品导致。典型临床表现为腹泻、恶心、呕吐及腹痛。对于健康成人，胃肠炎通常只会引起不适感及生活上的不便，并不会导致严重后果，但是在病重、虚弱、年幼或年老的患者中却可以导致威胁生命的脱水和电解质紊乱。1、肠胃炎发生后病人一般会出现拉肚子的情况，所以要注意吃些能帮助止泻的东西，比如说山药、糯米等。2、肠胃炎发生时患者的肠道功能会发生紊乱，这个时候有必要吃一些能使肠道恢复正常功能和活力的东西，比如苹果、柿子等。3、肠胃炎患者可能存在胃酸分泌过少或过多的情况，前者应注意适当喝一些鸡汤和鱼汤，还可以喝酸奶，后者应注意吃一些面食，比如白馒头等，以起到中和胃酸的作用。4、由于肠胃炎发生后患者频繁腹泻容易引起身体脱水，这个时候需要注意多补水，可以将嫩叶菜榨汁后喝下，必要时还应该去医院补充电解质。5、如果是发生慢性肠炎，患者的消化吸收功能会受到影响，在平时应注意吃半流质食物，并且做到少量多餐。6、当肠胃炎病情缓解之后，患者可以吃一些流质、半流质食物，像大米粥、鸡蛋羹等。肠胃炎患者首先戒烟戒酒，平时生活当中也要加强良好的饮食调理和保健，不能吸烟喝酒，饮食方面不要吃一些过硬，过于刺激性的食物。要注重容易消化，容易被肠胃吸收，另外三餐要定时，尽量少食多餐，多吃一些新鲜的果蔬对肠胃炎有很大的好处。注意日常生活习惯，保持充足的休息，不要吃过于辛辣、生冷、鱼腥等刺激性的食物。
转移性小肠肿瘤的鉴别诊断？1.十二指肠溃疡 亦可出现腹痛、消化道出血、恶心、呕吐、腹胀等症状，除以上表现外还可引起幽门梗阻症状，需与十二指肠肿瘤鉴别。借助X线检查、动脉造影、十二指肠镜检加组织学检查当可区别，必要时需手术探查以明确诊断。2.慢性细菌性痢疾 急性菌痢末彻底治愈可演变为慢性。亦可在慢性基础上呈急性发作，表现为每天大便3～5次不等，可伴黏液、脓血、多有里急后重感，少数患者有左下腹疼痛。慢性菌痢时大便培养阳性率较低，一般只有15%～30%，故应反复多次培养始能发现致病菌。
《天雷報》是台灣中華電視公司於1984年（民國73年）7月7日至1985年（民國74年）4月27日播出的電視單元劇。 概要 本劇的製作構想－在傳說中，雷公是公正的執法者，他對人間的惡人予以雷殛的報應，這個觀念長久以來已深植人心，而做壞事會遭「天打雷劈」的說法，也確實嚇阻了許多有犯罪意念的人去行惡；「天雷報」的製播因而不在宣揚迷信，而是針對人的心理，激發其潛在良心的制約與覺悟，消弭犯罪於無形。 解說 《天雷報》原是自《中國神話故事》衍生出來的子節目；為龍傳人與製作單位達成和解之後，所為其量身訂作 的新單元劇影集。全劇主要分為兩部份，1984年7月7日至12月1日為《天雷報》，接著在《中國神話故事》後面的時段播出，播出長度40分鐘。1984年12月8日至1985年4月27日為《中國神話故事－天雷報》，在《中國神話故事》的〈西遊記〉單元結束後向前挪動延長播出時間，播出長度90分鐘；並加入了原本〈西遊記〉中的演員群。 主要工作人員 製作人：韋辛、汪威江 導播：蔡永鍚 故事 天雷報 五路瘟神私闖凡間，雷神與閃電娘娘奉北斗星君之旨追捕，但五路瘟神卻與雷神展開拼死搏鬥，雷神雖將他們一一緝獲，因其中三名瘟神所裝災禍的「寶貝」瓦罐內裝著的病魔災禍，皮囊中裝著的心魔災禍，和大火扇蠱惑人心的急躁火氣，全由天邊散入人間－這些「寶貝」的失散，將給人間帶來無窮無盡的痛苦和災難。 北斗星君據報之後，認為此事非同小可，立即稟報玉皇大帝裁奪；玉帝了解事態的嚴重，乃命雷神與閃電娘娘立即下凡，設法弭平人間災禍，收回寶貝中的小精靈，並且教導凡人明辨善惡，莫受心魔之侵襲。 雷神與閃電娘娘遂化做凡人，進入凡間，四處搜尋災禍之源，並且教導凡人明辨善惡。雷神性情急躁，閃電娘娘卻溫順委婉，兩人行事方法每有衝突；然而二人均堅毅卓絕，為民奔走消災解難，懲惡揚善，在圓滿達成任務之後，二人才回返天庭。 中國神話故事－天雷報 雷神誤劈善良－劈死了一個上有高堂老母的孝子林彪（傅雷飾），老嫗燃香三天三夜向天申冤，冤氣沖天，玉皇大帝知情之後，大為震驚，乃將雷神召回天庭，讓他在思過碑前煎熬兩日，之後，玉帝為了不使雷神再犯錯，希望祂在嫉惡如仇之下三思而後行，於是加派了玄天星君、千里眼、順風耳 下凡來，與他一同處理人間不平之事。 角色 主要人物 雷神（龍傳人　飾） 天庭北斗星君轄下職掌善惡司之天吏，性情急躁，嫉惡如仇，奉玉帝御旨下凡解除凡間因五路瘟神留下的災禍。 閃電娘娘（劉芳英　飾） 同為善惡司天吏，跟隨雷神，生性溫順善良，慈悲為懷，和藹可親，與雷神同受玉命而下凡塵，為凡民百姓消災解難。 玄天星君（王德志　飾） 為制衡雷神使他施懲時能夠情、理、法兼顧而來（身份相當於公設的辯護人）；生性愛喝酒，常常因酒誤事。在每集劇終之時負責奏請玉帝下旨「天斬令」斬殺惡者。 千里眼－高明（孫樹培　飾） 在下凡時不慎掉入煙囪裡，把千里眼跌成了浮光眼，因此視線常常模模糊糊；但他又怕人知道，故而常常以假報真。 順風耳－高覺（張光禧　飾） 雖聽得真確，但聽的和哥哥看的常常不一樣，因而不免懷疑起自己的聽力來。 其他 淑娥 素娥（張正藍　飾） 外部連結 華視台史館該網頁上所列的播映時間尚須進一步查證。 台灣電視資料庫 歌詞收集網 註釋 T天 T天 T天 T天 T天
Child health and nutrition in Africa is concerned with the health care of children through adolescents in the various countries of Africa. The right to health and a nutritious and sufficient diet are internationally recognized fundamental human rights protected by international treaties and conventions on the right to life, as well as in charters, strategies and declarations. Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 1, 4, 5 and 6 highlight, respectively, how poverty, hunger, child mortality, maternal health, the eradication of HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis and other diseases are of particular significance in the context of child health. Despite these commitments and ideals, however, the reality is that high mortality among young children, particularly in Africa, continues to be a cause for concern. Children born in developed countries such as Sweden have a less than 1 per cent risk of dying before the age of 1 year, whereas for children born in developing countries, the risk is closer to 10 per cent or higher. Within developing countries, there are significant disparities between rich and poor and urban and rural areas. Extent and gravity of child health and nutrition in Africa Worldwide, substantial progress has been made in the effort to reduce child mortality. The number of under-5 deaths in the world has declined from nearly 12 million in 1990 to 6.9 million in 2011; and the global under-five mortality rate has dropped 41 per cent since 1990 – from 87 deaths per 1,000 live births in 1990 to 51 in 2011. The leading causes of death among children under age 5 are pneumonia (18 per cent), preterm birth complications (14 per cent), diarrhoea (11 per cent), complications during birth (9 per cent), and malaria (7 per cent). Globally, more than one third of under-5 deaths are attributable to undernutrition. In Africa, some progress has also been registered over the decades. Compared to other regions, sub-Saharan Africa has experienced a faster rate of reduction in under-5 deaths, with the annual rate of decline doubling between 1990–2000 and 2000–2011. However, child mortality figures in sub-Saharan Africa are still sobering. The region alone accounts for 3,370,000 deaths of children under 5 in 2011 (WHO, 2012) which corresponds to 9,000 children dying every day, and six children dying every minute. Out of 3 million neonatal deaths worldwide, approximately 1.1 million are found in sub-Saharan Africa (WHO, 2012). The highest rates of child mortality are in sub-Saharan Africa, where 1 in 9 children dies before age 5; and 1 in 16 children in Southern Asia. Deficiency in essential nutrients and micronutrients Given that vitamin A is critical for proper functioning of the visual system and for maintaining immune defences, its deficiency remains a public health issue. An estimated 250,000 to 500,000 children deficient in vitamin A become blind every year, half of them dying within 12 months of losing their sight. This deficiency accounts for 350 million cases of blindness and 670,000 deaths globally (WHO, 2001). In Africa alone, it contributes to 23 per cent of child deaths. In 2009, the prevalence of low serum retinol, associated with vitamin A deficiency, was 37.7 per cent in Ethiopia, 49 per cent in the Congo, and 42 per cent in Madagascar. The immediate causes of this deficiency are the low rates of consumption of animal products, the poor bioavailability of vitamin A in cereal-based diets, the consumption of green leaves with low lipid content, and an increased bodily demand for vitamin A owing to the infections that frequently affect African children (Manga, 2011). There are equally disturbing levels of zinc deficiencies and this has seriously adverse effects on growth, the risk and severity of infections, as well as the level of immune function. Although the actual prevalence is unclear, zinc deficiency is recognized as one of the main risk factors for morbidity and mortality. It contributes to over 450,000 deaths per year among children under 5 years, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. It affected 57 per cent of children under 5 in Senegal, 72 per cent in Burkina Faso, and 41.5 per cent in Nigeria in 2004. The main causes of this deficiency in children are a lack of zinc-rich easily absorbed foodstuffs (such as meat, poultry, seafood) and the over-consumption of foodstuffs that inhibit zinc absorption, such as cereals, roots and tubers, which are among Africa's staples. Inadequacies in iodine intake on the other hand impair the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which are critical for normal development and proper functioning of the brain and nervous system as well as the conservation of body heat and energy. Iodine deficiency causes endemic goitre and cretinism as well as stunting of mental and physical development. Globally, 1.6 million people are at risk of iodine deficiency disorders and 50 million children affected by them. About 100,000 children are born each year with mental retardation, most of them in Africa. This is due to the low consumption of iodine-rich foodstuffs (e.g. marine products) and the over-consumption of foodstuffs causing goitre, particularly bitter cassava, which is a staple in Central Africa. Anaemia is quite prevalent in Africa especially among young children due mainly to a diet that is low in animal-based foodstuffs and high in fibre-rich cereals, tannins and phytates which inhibit iron absorption. In 2006, about 67.6 per cent of children under 5, and overall 83.5 million children were anaemic. Through its effects on metabolic processes such as oxygen transport, oxidative metabolism and cell growth, iron deficiency also retards growth and development. It impairs the immune response and increases susceptibility to infection, delays motor development, and diminishes concentration (impairing cognitive and behavioural capacities). It therefore prevents 40-60 per cent of African children from attaining their full mental capacities. Moreover, of the 26 health risks reported by the WHO Global Burden of Disease project, iron deficiency is ranked ninth in terms of years of life lost. Preventive interventions Breastfeeding Breast milk is the ideal natural food for optimal growth and safe psychomotor development. This is due to its rich nutrients and protective factors, as well as its biospecificity (the kinetics of its composition change during lactation) and impact on mother-child relationships. These key advantages reduce child mortality rate by 13 per cent in areas where over 80 per cent of women breastfeed exclusively. Supplementary feeding Undernourished children have lowered resistance to infection and are at greater risk of common childhood diseases such as diarrhoeal diseases, respiratory infections, recurring sickness and faltering growth, often with irreversible damage to their cognitive and social development. For current and future generations, good nutrition is a cornerstone for survival, health and development. Well-nourished children set off on a better developmental path (both physically and mentally), perform better in school, grow into healthier adults and are able to give their own children a better start in life. Supplementary feeding, when properly implemented, helps to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 by 6 per cent. Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) The prevention of malaria through the use of LLINs is a key strategy for rolling back malaria in Africa. According to model-generated estimates based on the number of LLINs supplied by the manufacturers, the number distributed by national malaria control programmes and data from household surveys, the percentage of households with at least one LLIN in sub-Saharan Africa increased from 3 per cent in 2000 to 50 per cent in 2011. Coverage rates of more than 80 per cent can reduce Africa's child mortality rate by 7 per cent. Vaccination against Haemophilusinfluenzae type b (Hib) Hib, meningitis and respiratory infections are frequent and serious on account of their high mortality rates and potential consequences, which include sensorineural damage. These infections can be prevented by vaccination to reduce child mortality by 4 per cent. Hib vaccination is part of the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) together with vaccines against tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, tetanus, hepatitis B, measles and yellow fever. EPI is a key preventive intervention in reducing infant morbidity and mortality; together with the monitoring and promotion of growth, it is a fundamental pillar in child health and development. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV The 25 per cent prevalence of HIV in some eastern and southern African countries is a matter of concern. African countries that showed more than 20 per cent adult HIV prevalence in 2011 included Botswana (23.4 per cent), Lesotho (23.3 per cent) and Eswatini (26 per cent) (UNICEF, 2013). Globally, the number of new HIV infections continues to fall annually, although there is considerable regional variation. In sub-Saharan Africa, where most of those newly infected with HIV live, it is estimated that 1.9 million (1,700,000 – 2,100,000) people were infected in 2010. According to estimates, this represents a 16 per cent decrease compared to the number of new infections with HIV in 2001, which was 2.2 million (2,100,000-2,400,000), and a 27 per cent decrease compared to the number of new infections between 1996 and 1998, when the incidence of HIV infection in the region peaked. The vast majority of children are infected before birth, during pregnancy, labour or breastfeeding (if the mother is seropositive). The course of HIV and AIDS is particularly aggressive in children. Without care and treatment, the virus multiplies and destroys the child's immune system, lowering resistance to infections such as pneumonia and other common childhood diseases. Almost half of all children infected by their mothers die before the age of 2. Thanks to a decrease in the price of drugs, increased awareness, the introduction of fixed-dose combinations of anti-retrovirals (ARVs) and more reliable forecasts of demand for paediatric ARVs, several countries have been able to distribute them for use in children, but the coverage rate remains extremely low in Africa. Food fortification Food fortification is a cost-effective way of ensuring that a population receives adequate nutrients without altering their usual dietary practices. WHO recommends mass fortification of salt with iodine to prevent iodine deficiency in both children and adults. Fortification of other foods such as flour and cooking oil has been suggested and implemented in some countries, but salt iodization has been the most successful in terms of implementation and benefits in Sub Saharan Africa. Micronutrient powders (MNPs) for point of use fortification, contain a mixture of vitamins and minerals. They are added on to ready to eat semi solid foods such as porridge, without altering the original taste. This intervention reduces iron deficiency anaemia in children between six and twenty-three months of age Zinc supplements The role of zinc in strengthening immune defences cannot be underestimated and in areas where effective preventive supplementation campaigns have been implemented, particularly in Africa, the child mortality rate has been lowered by 4 per cent. Vitamin A supplement Biannual vitamin A supplements can help to reduce mortality among young children by 23 per cent. Curative interventions Oral rehydration solutions Oral rehydration is considered one of the greatest revolutions in improving child health and managing diarrhoea. With new oral rehydration solutions containing zinc, child mortality can be reduced by 15 per cent. Therapeutic feeds F75 and F100 are types of therapeutic milk that is used in inpatient management of severe acute malnutrition. They differ in concentrations of ingredients and amount of energy. Ready to use therapeutic foods (RTUF) are semi-solid foods for outpatient management of malnutrition. These may be used as part of a community based food and nutrition program. Antibiotics to treat pneumonia The improved availability of antibiotics to treat pneumonia, particularly in remote areas and among deprived populations, has contributed to reducing the child mortality rate by 6 per cent. Other curative interventions which can help to reduce child mortality include antibiotics to treat sepsis (6 per cent), the use of artemisinin-based combination therapies to treat malaria (5 per cent) and antibiotics to treat dysentery (2 per cent). These interventions are highly beneficial to child health and development. However, coverage rates remain low due to underdevelopment and poverty, poor health care systems with limited access to health services (less than 40 per cent in most African countries), a lack of qualified human resources resulting in part from the brain drain to Western and Arab countries, inadequate equipment, an inconsistent supply of medications and basic products with frequent shortages, a poorly structured and barely functioning programme of health promotion, and limited budgets for health (less than the 15 per cent recommended by WHO for most African countries) combined with often unorthodox financial governance. Main strategies The strategies outlined below are recommended by WHO and adopted by all African countries as part of a bolder approach to serious child health problems. Their strengths reside in the complementarity of components integrated into strategies, the effectiveness in reducing child mortality and morbidity, and the positive long-term impact generated for children, such as enhanced school performance, well-being and life chances. These strategies offer an immediate return while having a significant impact on the future. Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) IMCI is a strategy that integrates various programmes for the survival of children under 5 with a view to improving the practices that are likely to have the greatest impact on their health, growth and development. This is the overarching strategy for achieving MDG 4 (reduction of child mortality), and it is recommended by WHO and UNICEF, particularly in countries with a high child mortality rate. The strategy is simple and, according to the World Bank, cost-effective. It aims to address the main causes of child mortality in settings characterized by (1) a low level of health coverage, with little or no access to diagnostic equipment and treatment, (2) a low level of health monitoring, and (3) weak links between healthcare facilities and communities. IMCI has three components: (1) improving the skills of health care workers, (2) strengthening the health care system, and (3) improving family and community practices. Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care (EmONC) Maternal and neonatal mortality in the Africa region accounts for more than half (51 per cent) of the world's total maternal deaths, with a neonatal mortality rate of approximately 40 per thousand. The causes of these deaths could be prevented or avoided by the proper implementation of strategies for skilled care at birth and emergency obstetric and neonatal care services. With the assistance of WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank, various African countries have developed roadmaps for accelerating the reduction of maternal and neonatal mortality by improving the skills of service providers, standardizing treatment protocols, and developing quality criteria for EmONC. While effective interventions and strategies for improving the health and nutrition status of young children are available, the financial resources required to implement them in Africa are inadequate. It is essential that African governments, their domestic partners (the private sector and civil society) and their partners abroad (bilateral and multilateral cooperation) invest more heavily in mobilizing resources for early childhood development. The focus should be on optimal governance of financial resources with transparent management rules and particular emphasis on equity of care and guaranteed access for the poor. See also Maternal and child health in Tanzania Human nutrition Malnutrition Nutrition and HIV/AIDS Malnutrition in South Africa Global health Global Strategy for Women's and Children's Health Sources References Free content from UNESCO Health in Africa Global issues Children's health Childhood in Africa
慢性荨麻疹可不可以吃蒲公英？慢性荨麻疹可以吃蒲公英，蒲公英可生吃、炒食、做汤，是药食兼用的植物。在风疹快出现前，局部皮肤发痒或有麻刺感，迅速出现皮疹。部分患者在风疹块出现数小时或1～2日内出现全身症状，如食欲缺乏、全身不适、头痛或发热。风疹块表现为扁平发红或苍白色的水肿性斑，边缘有红晕。风疹块呈环形可称环状荨麻疹，几个相邻的环形损害可以相接或融合而成地图状。风疹块中有水疱时称为水疱性荨麻疹。风疹块常在数小时或1～2日内自然消失，其他部位又有新的皮损陆续出现，风疹块已消失处在24小时内不再发生新的损害。风疹块消失后，皮肤恢复正常。风疹块的大小及数目不定，可出现在任何部位的皮肤、黏膜。风疹块引起剧痒、针刺或灼热感，各人的程度不同。严重时有头痛、发热等全身症状，尤其急性荨麻疹病人可发热达40℃左右，血压可降低甚至发生昏厥和休克。大多数病人只有发痒的风疹块而无其他症状。风疹块的病程不定，有的在一日之内发生数次皮疹，经过数日或1～2周至数周后停止发作，称为急性荨麻疹。不少患者天天发生皮疹，或是断断续续地屡次出现或加重、缓解或消失，可达数月或数年之久，称为慢性荨麻疹及特殊类型荨麻疹。慢性荨麻疹患者要注意忌口，避免吃含有人工添加物的食品，不吃辛辣刺激性食物，不饮酒，保持清淡饮食。多吃新鲜蔬果。油煎、油炸、辛辣类食物易引起荨麻疹复发。多吃含有丰富维他命的新鲜蔬果或是服用维他命C与B群，或是B群中的B6。多吃碱性食物如葡萄、绿茶、海带、西红柿、芝麻、黄瓜、胡萝卜、香蕉、苹果、橘子、绿豆、薏仁等。
The subscription business model is a business model in which a customer must pay a recurring price at regular intervals for access to a product or service. The model was pioneered by publishers of books and periodicals in the 17th century, and is now used by many businesses, websites and even pharmaceutical companies in partnership with the government. Subscriptions Rather than selling products individually, a subscription offers periodic (daily, weekly, bi-weekly, monthly, semi-annual, yearly/annual, or seasonal) use or access to a product or service, or, in the case of performance-oriented organizations such as opera companies, tickets to the entire run of some set number of (e.g., five to fifteen) scheduled performances for an entire season. Thus, a one-time sale of a product can become a recurring sale and build brand loyalty. Industries that use this model include mail order book sales clubs and music sales clubs, private web mail providers, cable television, satellite television providers with pay television channels, providers with digital catalogs with downloadable music or eBooks, satellite radio, telephone companies, mobile network operators, internet providers, software publishers, websites (e.g., blogging websites), business solutions providers, financial services firms, health clubs, lawn mowing and snowplowing services, pharmaceuticals, renting an apartment, property taxes, as well as the traditional newspapers, magazines, and academic journals. Renewal of a subscription may be periodic and activated automatically so that the cost of a new period is automatically paid for by a pre-authorized charge to a credit card or a checking account. A common variation of the model in online games and on websites is the freemium model, in which the first tier of content is free, but access to premium features (for example, game power-ups or article archives) is limited to paying subscribers. Types and examples There are different categories of subscriptions: to A subscription for a fixed set of goods or services. Periodicals, such as a newspaper or magazine, have several types of subscriptions: Paid circulation Non-paid circulation Controlled circulation Subscription boxes contain a variety of consumables Community-supported agriculture Meal delivery service Meal kit delivery service A subscription for unlimited use of a service or collection of services. Usage may be personal and non-transferable, for a family, or under certain circumstances, for a group utilizing a service at one time. In the publishing industry, a subscription to a bundle of several journals, at a discounted price, is known as a "big deal". Software as a service A pay-as-you-go subscription where a consumer subscribes to purchase a product periodically. This is also known as the convenience model because it is a convenience for the customer to not have to remember to go find their product and buy it periodically. This model has been popularized by companies like Dollar Shave Club, Birchbox, and OrderGroove. Based on their success, many other retailers have begun to offer subscription model services. For example, a subscription to a rail pass by a company may not be individualized but might permit all employees of that firm to use the service. For goods with an unlimited supply and for many luxury services, subscriptions of this type are rare. A subscription for basic access or minimal service plus some additional charge depending on usage. A basic telephone service pays a pre-determined fee for monthly use but may have extra charges for additional services such as long-distance calls, directory services and pay-per-call services. When the basic service is offered free of charge, this business model is often referred to as Freemium. An online subscription for supporting content creators using crowdfunding. Fans can interact and send a tip to the content creator but also have access to exclusive paid content. Popular examples are Patreon and OnlyFans. Publishing In publishing, the subscription model typically involves a Paywall, Paysite or other "toll-access" system (named in opposition to open access). As revenues from digital advertising diminish, a paid subscription model is being favoured by more publishers who see it as a comparatively stable income stream. Academic journals In the field of academic publishing, the subscription business model means that articles of a specific journal or conference proceedings are only available to subscribers. Subscriptions are typically sold to universities and other higher education institutions and research institutes, though some academic publishers also sell individual subscriptions or access to individual articles. In contrast with other media such as newspapers, subscription fees to academic publishers generally do not go towards supporting the creation of the content: the scientific articles are written by scientists and reviewed by other scientists as part of their work duties. The paper authors and reviewers are not paid by the publisher. In this light, the subscription model has been called undesirable by proponents of the open access movement. Academic publications which use the subscription model are called "closed-access", by opposition to their open-access counterparts. Effects Vendors Businesses benefit because they are assured a predictable and constant revenue stream from subscribed individuals for the duration of the subscriber's agreement. Not only does this greatly reduce uncertainty and the riskiness of the enterprise, but it often provides payment in advance (as with magazines, concert tickets), while allowing customers to become greatly attached to using the service and, therefore, more likely to extend by signing an agreement for the next period close to when the current agreement expires. An integrated software solutions, for example, the subscription pricing structure is designed so that the revenue stream from the recurring subscriptions is considerably greater than the revenue from simple one-time purchases. In some subscription schemes (like magazines), it also increases sales, by not giving subscribers the option to accept or reject any specific issue. This reduces customer acquisition costs, and allows personalized marketing or database marketing. However, a requirement of the system is that the business must have in place an accurate, reliable, and timely way to manage and track subscriptions. From a marketing-analyst perspective, it has the added benefit that the vendor knows the number of currently active members since a subscription typically involves a contractual agreement. This so-called 'contractual' setting facilitates customer relationship management to a large extent because the analyst knows who is an active customer and who recently churned. Additional benefits include a higher average customer lifetime value (ACLV) than that of nonrecurring business models, greater customer inertia and a more committed customer base as it transitions from purchase to opt-out decisions, and more potential for upselling and cross-selling other products or services. Some software companies such as Adobe and Autodesk have moved from a perpetual licensing model to a subscription model, known as "software as a service". This move has significant implications for sales and customer support organizations. Over time, the need to close large deals decreases resulting in lower sales costs. However, the size of the customer support organization increases so that the paying customers stay happy. Customers Consumers may find subscriptions convenient if they believe that they will buy a product on a regular basis and that they might save money. For repeated delivery of the product or service, the customer also saves time. Subscriptions which exist to support clubs and organizations call their subscribers "members" and they are given access to a group with similar interests. An example might be the Computer Science Book Club. Subscription pricing can make it easier to pay for expensive items since it can often be paid for over a period of time and thus can make the product seem more affordable. On the other hand, most newspaper and magazine-type subscriptions are paid upfront, and this might actually prevent some customers from subscribing. Fixed price may be an advantage for consumers using those services frequently. However, it could be a disadvantage to a customer who plans to use the service frequently but later does not. The commitment to paying for a package may have been more expensive than a single purchase would have been. In addition, subscription models increase the possibility of vendor lock-in, which can have fatally business-critical implications for a customer if its business depends on the availability of a software: For example, without an online connection to a licensing server to verify the licensing status every once in a while, a software under a subscription-model would typically stop functioning or fall back to the functionality of a freemium version, thereby making it impossible (to continue) to use the software in remote places or in particularly secure environments without internet access, after the vendor has stopped supporting the version or software, or even has gone out of business thereby leaving the customer without a chance to renew the subscription and access his own data or designs maintained with the software (in some businesses it is important to have full access even to old files for decades). Also, consumers may find repeated payments to be onerous. Subscription models often require or allow the business to gather substantial amounts of information from the customer (such as magazine mailing lists) and this raises issues of privacy. A subscription model may be beneficial for the software buyer if it forces the supplier to improve its product. Accordingly, a psychological phenomenon may occur when a customer renews a subscription, that may not occur during a one-time transaction: if the buyer is not satisfied with the service, he/she can simply leave the subscription to expire and find another seller. This is in contrast to many one-time transactions when customers are forced to make significant commitments through high software prices. Some feel that historically, the "one-time-purchase" model does not give sellers incentive to maintain relationships with their customers (after all, why should they care once they've received their money?). Some who favor a subscription model for software do so because it may change this situation. The subscription model should align customer and vendor toward common goals, as both stands to benefit if the customer receives value from the subscription. The customer that receives value is more likely to renew the subscription and possibly at an increased rate. The customer that does not receive value will, in theory, return to the marketplace. Environment Because customers may not need or want all the items received, this can lead to waste and an adverse effect on the environment, depending on the products. Greater volumes of production, greater energy and natural resource consumption, and subsequently greater disposal costs are incurred. Subscription models might also create the opposite effect. This can be illustrated by subscribing to a service for mowing lawns. The effective use of a single mower increases when mowing for a collection of homes, instead of every family owning their own lawnmower which is not used as much as the service providing mower, the use of resources for producing lawnmowers, therefore, decreases while lawns stay cut. See also Payment system Index of accounting articles Outline of economics List of financial accounting topics Outline of marketing Rent-seeking Pay to play References Business models Mass media industry Bundled products or services Types of subscription services Subscription services Revenue models
Rank 1 is a Dutch trance group, formed in the Netherlands in 1997. Widely regarded as one of the originators of the Dutch trance sound, the group have produced a number of dancefloor hits since their conception. Although the two members of the group (Benno de Goeij and Piet Bervoets) had worked together before, Rank 1 (a name first used in 1999) was their first project with commercial success. History The first Rank 1 release was an EP containing "The Citrus Juicer" and "Black Snow". Their biggest hit commercially was the 1999 track that followed up to that EP called "Airwave", which reached No. 10 in the UK Singles Chart and No. 25 in the U.S. Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart. This was later re-released by Rank 1 remixed with added vocals as "Breathing (Airwave 2003)", Rank 1 followed it up 11 years later with a modern style remix of Airwave in 2014 bringing the trance juggernaut into the 21st century. They also provided the base for a mash up with Donna Williams, as "True Love Never Dies", which was later vocally re-recorded using Kelly Llorenna, by Flip & Fill. In 2011, Airwave was voted the number 1 Trance Classic of all time in the Trance Top 1000 poll. In 2013, Airwave reached number 7. Later in 2021, Airwave was ranked #15 in the A State of Trance Top 1000 list. In September 2000, they performed the track "Many Miles Too Soon" live at Trance Energy as a tribute to the late Miles Stutterheim, younger brother to Duncan Stutterheim, one of the founders of the Dutch event organiser ID&T. A year later this track was released as "Such Is Life", with added vocals by Shanokee and chosen as the anthem of Sensation 2001, the first edition where visitors were asked to appear dressed in white. A year later they released "Awakening" as the single preceding their debut album "Symsonic". The album was released with a CD containing downtempo versions of Airwave and Such Is Life as well as a some brand new tracks including the title track, a short version of "The Citrus Juicer", "T.T.C.", "Passage To The Unknown", "Still In My Mind" and more. The album also included a DVD with a few videoclips of their singles up till then as well as their live performance at Trance Energy 2002. 2003 saw the re-release of Airwave with vocals by Aino Laos which were written by Jan Lochel. In a recorded interview, Benno explained that Breathing was released to back up the album release in Germany. By the end of the year, Rank 1 finally released their single Symsonic under the new title "It's Up To You", with added vocals by Shanokee. Unlike the classically inspired Album version, these mixes were produced in the more typical 4x4 driven uplifting Trance style, especially the "Instrumental Dub" and "Dub Vocal Mix". The next year saw the release of the Symsonic album sampler titled "Unreleased Tracks" which contained extended mixes of "Conspiracy", "Cosmomatic" and "Down From The Deep". Shortly thereafter, Rank 1 radically changed their trademark euphoric sound and released an EP containing "Beats At Rank-1 Dotcom", a brand new Tech Trance record which ID&T would later pick up as the Trance Energy 2005 Theme. The flipside contained "After Me", a breaks driven string-laced track. The male vocals on this track were rumored to have been performed by Benno de Goeij himself. This would be the start of Rank 1's radical sound shift every few years which would lead to some genre-blending releases. In February 2005, Rank 1 performed live at Trance Energy for the third time. During this live show they performed a track which was only made for the event. However, the crowd's reaction to it was so immense that Piet and Benno decided to release it as an official track called "Top Gear". This would happen over the summer with another two-track EP: "Opus 17" was present at the flipside and was a moody Trance track unlike its unique heavy Techno-Techtrance influenced B-side. In February 2006, Piet was interviewed for a WiLDCHiLD event. In this interview he stated that their second album was in progress and that they had made quite some diverse tunes for it, including a breaks track with the potential title "2 Drunk 2 Funk". As of 2017, this track has not been revealed yet. Piet also clarified about the mysterious unreleased and untitled "Rank 1 vs. Marco V" collaboration track that was also mentioned in the FAQ section of their old website. There were no official single releases during 2006 but in 2007 both "This World Is Watching Me" (with Armin van Buuren and Kush) and "Life Less Ordinary" (with Alex M.O.R.P.H.) were released. Both tracks mixed Electro-driven beats with Trancey strings and saw yet another sound shift from Rank 1. Life Less Ordinary also received an experimental Rank 1 interpretation in the guise of "A Less Ordinary Rank 1 Remix". Early 2008 saw them release another Electro-style collaboration, this time it was a collaboration with Jochen Miller, titled "And Then...". Rank 1 made an own version of the track which they titled "Rank 1's Minimal Progressive Techno Electro Trance Mix". It was darker and heavier than the original and had a more Techno-driven twist. The duos' track: "L.E.D There Be Light", was chosen as the Trance Energy 2009 Anthem, as well as the background track to the 2009 Electric Daisy Carnival commercial. This track combined the soft-loud synth dynamic from And Then with sweeping strings and more Trancey elements. It leaked out in late 2008, which led to the early release of the "Special Download Mix". The track was officially released in February 2009, with remixes by Wippenberg, Marcel Woods as well as an alternative "Laserlight Rework" by Rank 1 themselves. In 2010, the song was formally remixed by Cold Blank. It is the most successful remix to date, reaching No. 10 on Beatport's Top 100 Electro House Chart. It also landed a release on Ministry Of Sound's Trance Nation 2010 compilation. There were also released some another remixes by tyDi & Trent McDermott, Yvan & Dan Daniel and LoKo. Their next track, "Symfo," was the self-titled Sunrise Festival Theme 2009 and was released only five months after L.E.D. There Be Light. This track received remixes by Marcus Schossow and The Prime Sins, as well as a more House-driven "Rank 1's That Side Mix". In 2010, Rank 1 and Miller released another collaboration which was chosen as the theme to the Polish Entrance 2010 event called "The Great Escape". Armin van Buuren even played it during his short satellite-connection gig during Trance Energy 2010. On February 11, Benno tweeted there would be an alternative non-Trance Rank 1 Remix of The Great Escape but as of 2017, this version has not been revealed yet. Whether it has been cancelled or not remains unclear. Two weeks later, Benno tweeted that they would start their own radioshow. Indeed, April 6 saw the start of their monthly one-hour radioshow "Rank 1's Radio Rush" on Afterhours FM, which is aired every first Tuesday of the month between 20:00 - 21:00 CET. A forum on the Rank 1 Hyve contains an updated track list of all the episodes, as well as a list of the (old) Rank 1 Classics played so far. As the summer approached, another collaboration saw the light of day, this time Rank 1 teamed up with Nic Chagall and Wippenberg to release "100", the self-explanatory track to celebrate High Contrast Recordings reaching the 100th milestone release. The vinyl release of the track was a limited edition pressed on gold. Similar to 2006, 2011 saw no official single releases. The two singles to follow this "radio silence" were released in February and March respectively, with the Trouse driven "Wild And Perfect Day" providing their third collaboration with Jochen Miller (with vocal support by Sarah Bettens) whilst "Witness" was their vocal Trance collaboration in tandem with Cerf, Mitiska & Jaren. On April 23 the guys announced they had almost finished a brand new track, so far without vocals. After various cryptic Facebook and Twitter updates alike, on the 15th of October they finally revealed that their third 2012 release would be a Rank 1 solo track called "7 Instead Of 8". The single's title refers to its 7/8 time signature. On December 21, they revealed a 30-second snippet of their collaboration 'Elements Of Nature' with Belgium Trance artist M.I.K.E. This collaboration was initiated by a Twitter user under the name 'Ramballo'. This single was released by the end of January 2013 and received much positive feedback for its Classic Trance vibe and was even rated an 8.5/10 by the DJ Mag. On March 13, Conjure One revealed that a Rank 1 Remix for his new single "Under The Gun" would debut during Rank 1's set at ASOT #600 in Mumbai. Just one day later, Rank 1 themselves announced a brand new single 'Floorlifter' to debut on the very same event. A month later the Rank 1 Remix for Italian Trance artist Giuseppe Ottaviani's single 'Love Will Bring It All Around' was released. Over the course of the summer, Rank 1 announced to be working on a third single. As October passed by, they revealed their new single titled '13.11.11' which combined the track's duration with its release date and tempo. Their first 2014 single was released on March 17, a collaboration with the German producer Dennis Sheperd titled 'Freudenrausch'. On August 8, their track Airwave was re-released in a modern 129 BPM rework to celebrate 15 years of the Rank 1 project: 'Airwave (21st Century Mix)' peaked at #4 in the BeatPort Trance Top 100 chart. On December 16, DI.FM aired the 56th Radio Rush episode, which was also the radioshow's finale. Early 2015 saw M.I.K.E. share an instagram picture of a project he was working on: the title of the project read "MIKEPush vs Rank1 - #JUNO Tracks". On June 18, this collaboration was revealed as the guys' newest collaboration "Juno". It debuted on episode #718 of Armin van Buuren's A State Of Trance Radioshow as 'Tune Of The Week'. On September 13 both Rank 1 and M.I.K.E. tweeted the same cryptic message: a google search of the sentences they both used seemed to be referring to zenith. A couple of weeks later it turned out that the guys had indeed teamed up again for a third collaboration which they named "Zenith": it was premiered by Markus Schulz on his Global DJ Broadcast radioshow. It would go on to garner massive support from Markus throughout the next few months. At the end of May 2016, Rank 1 used a cryptic tweet to reveal a new single: it merely read "03.06.2016" and was accompanied by coverart depicting a highway at dawn. In the following days, they revealed they had finished a brand new rework of their old 2000 Remix for Cygnus X - Superstring. Armin van Buuren granted them Tune Of The Week status once more on ASOT #766 and during the episode, Benno gave a short background story on the track: the piano they used in Superstring was the same one that Armin used to play as a child. A month later, Torsten Stenzel, better known as York, released his album Traveller which featured a collaboration with Rank 1 titled "This World Is So Amazing", alongside vocals by Lola Grover, The collaboration was officially released on November 1. The package included remixes by Maglev and Dreamy alongside the original mix. A few silent months followed. Then, on July 7, 2017, Rank 1 revealed that they would be part of the Dreamstate SoCal line-up, a multi-day Trance event that would take place in the final weekend of November. On Saturday November 25th their first live performance in 4,5 years time took place and the guys seized the opportunity to showcase four brand new tracks alongside the untitled track they performed over various festivals during summer '12. As of December 9, no new material has been released. On July 27, 2018, Cosmic Gate released their remix of L.E.D. There Be Light, but other than that there were no new releases that year. When 2019 had got underway, the guys released a brand new single at last: for this occasion they finally delivered a collaboration with Marco V which they titled "We Finally Met". It was premiered on ASOT episode #902 on February 21 and was made Tune Of The Week by Armin. It was the only release they put out in 2019. For the celebration of the 950th episode of his radioshow, Armin decided he wanted to do something special so he asked Piet & Benno if they were interested in doing a liveshow at the Jaarbeurs to which they agreed. Two and a half years onward from Dreamstate the guys went live again, albeit this time they combined the live playing with some mega-mixing tricks to fit 11 tracks into 30 minutes: they played two brand new untitled tracks, as well as two tracks from their Dreamstate show. On July 31, the live set was released on Spotify and with it, the previously untitled tracks finally received names. In order of appearance, these were: "Transatlantic Communication", "Predictive Memory", "No Name" and "Paris Nice Cannes". Over the course of July 2021, 15 years after This World Is Watching Me, Armin and Rank 1 released a second collaboration titled 'The Greater Light To Rule The Night'. It was premiered on A State Of Trance #1027 as Tune Of The Week. Around mid-April 2022, Armin announced his upcoming mix compilation A State Of Trance 2022 which would premiere Aly & Fila and JES - Sunrise (Rank 1 Remix). It was the first Rank 1 Remix in nine years, the last one being Love Will Bring It All Around in 2013. Discography Albums 2002 Symsonic including "Symsonic", "Cosmomatic", "Conspiracy", "T.T.C.", "Down From The Deep", "Equilibrium", "Passage To The Unknown" and "Still In My Mind" 2020 Live at ASOT 950 including "Transatlantic Communication", "Predictive Memory", "No Name" and "Paris Nice Cannes" Singles As Rank 1 1999 "Black Snow / The Citrus Juicer" 1999 "Airwave" (Innercity Theme 1999) 2001 "Such Is Life" (with Shanokee) (Sensation Anthem 2001) 2002 "Awakening" (with Olga Zegers) 2003 "Breathing (Airwave 2003)" (with Aino Laos) 2003 "It's Up To You (Symsonic)" (with Shanokee) 2004 "Beats At Rank-1 Dotcom (Trance Energy Anthem 2005) / After Me" 2004 "Unreleased Tracks From The Album Symsonic" (inc. Extended Mixes for "Conspiracy", "Cosmomatic" and "Down From The Deep") 2005 "Opus 17 / Top Gear" 2007 "This World Is Watching Me" (with Armin van Buuren and Kush) 2007 "Life Less Ordinary" (with Alex M.O.R.P.H. and Fragma) 2008 "And Then..."(with Jochen Miller) 2009 "L.E.D There Be Light" (Trance Energy Anthem 2009) 2009 "Symfo" (Sunrise Festival Theme 2009) 2010 "The Great Escape" (with Jochen Miller) (Entrance Theme 2010) 2010 "100" (with Nic Chagall and Wippenberg) 2012 "Wild And Perfect Day" (with Jochen Miller and Sarah Bettens) 2012 "Witness" (with Cerf, Mitiska & Jaren) 2012 "7 Instead Of 8" 2013 "Elements Of Nature" (with M.I.K.E.) 2013 "Floorlifter" 2013 "13.11.11" 2014 "Freudenrausch" (with Dennis Sheperd) 2014 "Airwave (21st Century Mix)" 2015 "Juno" (with M.I.K.E.) 2015 "Zenith" (with M.I.K.E.) 2016 "Superstring" 2016 "This World Is So Amazing" (with York and Lola) 2019 "We Finally Met" (with Marco V) 2021 "The Greater Light To Rule The Night" (with Armin van Buuren) As R.O.O.S. 1997 "Instant Moments (Skyline Mix)" 1997 "Instant Moments (Waiting For)" (with Evelyne Derks) 1998 "Living in a Dream" 1999 "Body, Mind & Spirit" 2002 "Instant Moments 2002" As Pedro & Benno 1997 "Scream For Love" 1998 "Talkin' To You" 1999 "Speechless" As A.I.D.A. 1999 "Far And Away" 1999 "Far And Away/Merit" 1999 "Remember Me/Corvana" Other aliases 1997 "Human Beast", as Simplistic Mind 1997 "Baby Freak", as Precious People 1997 "Reflections of Love", as Precious People 1998 "To the Church", as Two Disciples 1998 "I Know You're There", as Tritone (with DJ Misjah) 1998 "Ssst... (Listen)", as Jonah (with DJ Misjah) 1998 "Subspace Interference", as Control Freaks (with DJ Tiesto) 1998 "Play it Rough", as System Eight (with Michel Keyser) 1999 "Human Planetarium", as Gualagara 2000 "Yeah... Right", as Jonah (with DJ Misjah) 2000 "Straight to the Point", as SPX (with DJ Misjah) 2003 "The Anthem 2003", as Sensation 2003 "Perfect Blend / Deep Ranger", as Mac J 2004 "Womanizer / Nightware", as Mac J 2005 "Dreamchild / Flash", as Johan Gielen Remixes 1999 "Reachers Of Civilization", by York 2000 "Blue Lagoon", by Tunnel Allstars 2000 "Cry", by System F (with Saskia Lie-Atjam) 2000 "Perfect Moment", by Mary Griffin 2000 "Superstring", by Cygnus X 2000 "Let Me Be Your Fantasy", by Baby D 2000 "It's My Turn", by Angelic (with Amanda O'Riordan) 2000 "Home", by Chakra (with Kate Cameron) (Unreleased) 2001 "Far Away", by Ayumi Hamasaki 2001 "Underwater", by Delerium (with Rani Kamal) 2002 "Ligaya", by Gouryella (Unreleased) 2002 "Dreamland", by Nu NRG 2002 "Dearest", by Ayumi Hamasaki 2002 "Sound Of Love", by Marc Aurel 2002 "Mind Made Up", by Jam X & De Leon 2003 "Journey Of Life", by Push 2004 "Touch Me", by Angel City (with Lara McAllen) 2005 "Lyteo", by Mr Sam (with Kirsty Hawkshaw) 2005 "Humanity", by ATB (with Tiff Lacey) 2006 "This Way", by Ronald van Gelderen 2006 "Love Kills", by Freddie Mercury 2007 "Analog Feel", by Cosmic Gate 2007 "The Future", by JOOP 2007 "Touch The Sun", by Alex Bartlett and Andy Guess (with Anthya) 2008 "Undone", by Anton Sonin & AMX (with Sari) 2008 "On Fire", by Marcel Woods (with MC Da Silva) 2008 "Embrace Me", by Ronald van Gelderen 2008 "Lost Luggage", by Leon Bolier and Jonas Steur 2010 "Safe (Wherever You Are)", by Velvetine 2010 "24 Hours", by Mat Zo 2010 "Fire Wire", by Cosmic Gate 2011 "My Enemy", by Super8 & Tab (with Julie Thompson) 2013 "Under The Gun", by Conjure One (with Leigh Nash) 2013 "Love Will Bring It All Around", by Giuseppe Ottaviani (with Eric Lumiere) 2022 "Sunrise", by Aly & Fila (with Jes Brieden) DJ compilations 2013 A State Of Trance 600: The Expedition (CD4 mixed by Rank 1) (Armada) 2011 Trance Nation: Rank 1 (Ministry of Sound UK) 2010 EnTrance presents High Contrast (CD1 mixed by Rank 1) (High Contrast Recordings) 2009 Trance Energy 2009 (CD2 mixed by Rank 1) 2008 Talla 2XLC In Touch With Rank 1 - Techno Club Vol. 28 (CD2 mixed by Rank 1) 2008 High Contrast presents Rank 1 (High Contrast Recordings) 2005 Rank 1 ? Live Mix @ Castle Dance (Dance Planet Ltd) 2004 Matt Darey & Rank 1 - Ultimate Trance (Central Station) 2004 Rank 1 - A Trip In Trance 4 (Hi Bias Records Inc.) 2004 ID&T presents Rank 1 (Universal TV) References External links Discography Official site Discography (Including 350+ (all) soundsamples) Myspace Dutch DJs Dutch trance music groups Remixers Musical groups established in 1997 Dutch dance music groups Dutch techno music groups Electronic dance music DJs
马肯罗德（）是德国图林根州的市镇，隶属于艾希斯费尔德县。总面积为3.8平方千米，截至总人口为人。 参见 图林根州市镇列表 参考来源 图林根州市镇
肥胖导致闭经怎么调理？闭经是有很多种病因都能够去形成的，有些人内分泌失调也是可以引起闭经的，如果要是因为肥胖这个病因引起闭经的话，那么这个时候可就要千万注意不要再去吃太多的东西，尽可能要克制一下自己的饮食，如果要是把胖给减下来的话，月事还是会恢复正常的。体质虚弱者应多食用些具有营养滋补和补血活血通络作用的食物，如鸡蛋、牛奶、大枣、桂圆、核桃、羊肉等食物。对气滞血瘀引起的闭经，可多食些具有行血化瘀之晶，如生姜、大枣、红糖等。可将红糖煎水代茶饮，或口服红花酒等食物。木耳核桃糖，黑木耳，胡桃仁，红糖，黄酒适量。将木耳、胡桃碾末，加入红糖拌和均匀，瓷罐装封。每服，1日2次，直至月经来潮。具有滋肝肾、益气血、养冲任工效。肉末茄子煲配料鲜茄子，瘦猪肉。制法茄子去蒂，洗净，用刀拍碎;精肉，切成肉末(茸)。炒锅放油，待油6成热，煸炒茄子使变色后，加水、盐煮沸，倒入煲中，再加肉末、葱、姜末、味精、胡椒调味，文火煲酥，即可食用。如果蛋白质、维生素的缺乏，可使内分泌腺功能减低，垂体合成和分泌促性腺激素易受到抑制，同时还减低靶器官对激素的反应，如子宫内膜对性激素的敏感性。而引起闭经，其主要原因是饮食不当，如偏食、挑食，使食品中的蛋白质、脂类、维生素摄入不足。患者应针对性的进行饮食调理.一忌暴饮暴食；二忌肥甘厚腻，因为形体丰满、肥胖之人易患闭经；三忌生冷酸涩食物。中医认为，寒能使血液运行不畅，而使经血闭而不行。酸涩之品具有收敛之性，可加重病情。
心的东方是中国藏族歌手阿兰·达瓦卓玛（alan）的第一张中文专辑。 概况 2009年7月10日香港版专辑在香港发售，7月22日中国内地版专辑在中国内地发售。 收录歌曲以日语专辑Voice of EARTH中收录的歌曲为基础，图片也是共同使用。 DVD采用PAL制式，供中国DVD机播放。 收录歌曲 CD 天女 作曲：菊池一仁 爱看得见 作曲：Cocco　作詞：林明阳　編曲：tasuku 飞行誌 作曲：菊池一仁　作詞：張楠　編曲：中野雄太 细节 作曲：菊池一仁　作詞：張楠　編曲：ats- 加油！你有ME！ 作曲：K.Y.B　作詞：李焯雄　編曲：陳磊　演唱：alan、魏晨 三生石 三生路 作曲：菊池一仁　作詞：陳立志　編曲：tasuku avex发行的港版唱片将歌名错印为“三生世 三生路”。 明日赞歌 作曲：菊池一仁　作詞：李焯雄　編曲：中野雄太 RED CLIFF～心·战～ 作曲：岩代太郎　作詞：李焯雄　編曲：中野雄太 赤壁～大江东去～ 作曲：岩代太郎　作詞：李焯雄　編曲：中野雄太 Sign 作曲：菊池一仁 爱就是手 (Bonus Track) 作曲：菊池一仁　作詞：林明陽　編曲：tasuku DVD 爱看得见 明日赞歌 飞行誌 加油！你有ME！ 心·战～RED CLIFF～ 赤壁～大江东去～ Alan音樂專輯 2009年音乐专辑
Elg or ELG may refer to: People Jarno Elg (born 1975), Finnish convict Taina Elg (born 1930), Finnish-American actress and dancer Øivind Elgenes (born 1958), Norwegian singer Transportation El Golea Airport, in Algeria Elgin railway station, in Scotland Alpi Eagles, an Italian airline Other uses Effluent limitation guidelines ElGamal encryption
The 2016–17 FA Cup qualifying rounds open the 136th season of competition in England for The Football Association Challenge Cup (FA Cup), the world's oldest association football single knockout competition. For the third successive year, 736 entrants were accepted into the competition. The large number of clubs entering the tournament from lower down (Levels 5 to 10) in the English football pyramid mean that the competition is scheduled to start with six rounds of preliminary (2) and qualifying (4) knockouts for these non-League teams. The 32 winning teams from the fourth qualifying round progress to the First round proper, when League teams tiered at Levels 3 and 4 enter the competition. Calendar and prizes The calendar for the 2016–17 FA Cup qualifying rounds, as announced by The Football Association. Extra preliminary round Extra preliminary round fixtures were due to be played on Saturday 6 August 2016, with replays taking place no later than Thursday 11 August 2016. A total of 368 teams, from Level 9 and Level 10 of English football, entered at this stage of the competition. The round included 76 teams from Level 10 of English football, being the lowest ranked clubs to compete in the tournament. Preliminary round Preliminary round fixtures were due to be played on Saturday 20 August 2016, with replays on or before Thursday 25 August 2016. A total of 320 teams took part in this stage of the competition, including the 184 winners from the Extra preliminary round and 136 entering at this stage from the six leagues at Level 8 of English football. The round included 26 teams from Level 10 still in the competition, being the lowest ranked teams in this round. First qualifying round First qualifying round fixtures were due to be played on Saturday 3 September 2016, with replays taking place no later than Thursday 8 September 2016. A total of 232 teams took part in this stage of the competition, including the 160 winners from the Preliminary round and 72 entering at this stage from the three leagues at Level 7 of English football. The round included twelve teams from Level 10 still in the competition, being the lowest ranked teams in this round. Second qualifying round Second qualifying round fixtures were due to be played on Saturday 17 September 2016, with replays no later than Thursday 22 September 2016. A total of 160 teams took part in this stage of the competition, including the 116 winners from the first qualifying round and 44 entering at this stage from the two leagues at Level 6 of English football. The round included 23 teams from Level 9 still in the competition, being the lowest ranked teams in this round. Third qualifying round Third qualifying round fixtures were due to be played on Saturday 1 October 2016, with replays taking place no later than Thursday 6 October 2016. A total of 80 teams took part in this stage of the competition, all winners from the second qualifying round. The round included nine teams from Level 9 still in the competition, being the lowest ranked teams in this round. Fourth qualifying round Fourth qualifying round fixtures were due to be played on Saturday 15 October 2016, with replays taking place no later than Thursday 20 October 2016. A total of 64 teams took part in this stage of the competition, including the 40 winners from the third qualifying round and 24 entering at this stage from the Conference Premier at Level 5 of English football. Bishop Auckland and Westfields of level 9 were the lowest ranked teams in this round. Competition proper Winners from the fourth qualifying round advanced to the First round proper, where teams from League One (Level 3) and League Two (Level 4) of English football, operating in the English Football League, first enter the competition. References External links The FA Cup 2016–17 FA Cup FA Cup qualifying rounds
恐怖性焦虑障碍的预防和治疗方法？目前，许多精神疾病的病因未臻详明。多年来，专业工作者根据在生活和工作实践中，对许多精神疾病不断地细致观察，形成了一些朴素的观念。认识到许多精神疾病是人类个体与社会或自然环境互相作用产生的反常结果。在相当不少的情况下，虽然外在条件相似，但疾病发生则可截然不同，提示个体特性在疾病发生中具有重要地位。因此，人们在防止发生这一类疾病，倡导提高人的精神健康水平，使之能够抵御外界有害因素的侵袭。这就是：培育机体整体，包括脑功能的发育，并扶植其经常处于健康状态，使人的体魄健壮，精神饱满;培养个性健康发展并加强锻炼，使之与社会环境相适应、相统一。
The Great Northern Steeplechase is New Zealand's richest steeplechase jumping race. The race exceeds six kilometres, making it New Zealand's longest horse race, and usually takes over eight minutes to complete. It is one of the great tests of stamina and fitness in thoroughbred racing, for both horse and rider. It is run in winter when the grass tracks are soft or heavy. Location and scheduling For most of its life the race was run over at Ellerslie Racecourse in Auckland. The contestants cleared 25 jumps during the 6400m race. A notable feature of the race was the Ellerslie Hill, on the eastern side of the steeplechase course, which the horses must climb three times during the race. The race was called the DB Draught Steeplechase in the 1990s when sponsored by DB Breweries. The race has been run in early September since 2005, after previously being held in early June. The Great Northern steeplechase is now raced on the same day as the Great Northern Hurdles. The race was moved to Te Aroha in: 2018, raced over 6300m, due to a track upgrade at Ellerslie 2021, raced over 6200m on October 3, due to COVID-19 restrictions in Auckland. The race is no longer held at Ellerslie after the Auckland Racing Club sold land for housing development. From 2022 the race has been held at Te Rapa. History The inaugural race was won by Macaroni, who carried a weight of 12 stone (76 kg). The record weight carried to victory was 12 stone 13 lb (82.5 kg) by Kiatere in 1907. One of the most notable winners of the race was Hunterville, who won the race three times in 1983, 1984 and 1985. Hypnotize also achieved three victories, following wins in 2007, 2008 and 2010. The fastest winning time was 7:39.35 by Ballycastle in 1978, and the slowest was 9:31.50 by Wise Men Say in 2017. There was a dead-heat in 2001 between Smart Hunter, which had won the Great Northern Hurdles two days earlier, and Sir Avion, which had won the Great Northern Hurdles in 1998. It was the first dead-heat in a major New Zealand jumping race since the Otago Steeplechase in 1918. Ken and Ann Browne won the Great Northern Steeplechase a record nine times with Ascona (1977 and 1979), Ardri (1990), Brother Bart (1991), Lord Tennyson (1992), Sydney Jones (1995 and 1997), Smart Hunter (2001, dead-heated with Sir Avion) and Wanderlust (2004). After Ken's death, Ann Browne has won the race with Fair King (2009), Ima Heroine (2011) and Tom's Myth (2012). In 1986 Trudy Thornton was the first woman to ride in a Great Northern Steeplechase. In 1995, Tina Egan was the first woman jockey to win the race. The 2012 winner, Tom’s Myth, was the first horse to win the Wellington Steeplechase, Pakuranga Hunt Cup and Great Northern in the same season. Recent results Previous winners 1986 - Rock Crystal 1985 - Hunterville 1984 - Hunterville 1983 - Hunterville 1982 - Mountain Gold 1981 - Bean's Beau 1980 - Guess Who 1979 - Ascona 1978 - Ballycastle 1977 - Ascona 1976 - Loch Linnhe 1975 - Loch Linnhe 1974 - Specialist 1973 - Bob's Luck 1972 - Brockton 1971 - Brockton 1970 - Spray Doone 1969 - Falada 1968 - Royal Polo 1967 - Eiffel Tower 1966 - Confer 1965 - Smoke Ring 1964 - Johnny Dee 1963 - Blue Rock 1962 - Sabre 1961 - Patrick Molloy 1960 - Patrick Molloy 1959 - Ben Vola 1958 - Irish Ace 1957 - Knight's Star 1956 - Hit Parade 1955 - Every Time 1954 - Dunwold 1953 - Dunwold 1952 - Dural 1951 - Redingote 1950 - Jon Rosa 1949 - Golden Reign 1948 - Brookby Song 1947 - Brookby Song 1946 - Our Nation 1945 - Dauber 1944 - Dozie Boy 1943 - Chat 1942 - Dozie Boy 1941 - Streamline 1940 - All Irish 1939 - Survey 1938 - Valpeen 1937 - Irish Comet 1936 - Billy Boy 1935 - Royal Limond 1934 - Valpeen 1933 - Callamart 1932 - Copey 1931 - Master Lu 1930 - Aurora Borealis 1929 - Uralia 1928 - Glendowie 1927 - Beau Cavalier 1926 - Dick 1925 - Sir Rosebery 1924 - Sir Rosebery 1923 - Mary Bruce 1922 - Sea De'il 1921 - Coalition 1920 - Lochella 1919 - Master Lupin 1918 - Waimai 1917 - Gluepot 1916 - El Gallo 1915 - El Gallo 1914 - Peary 1913 - Bercola 1912 - Hautere 1911 - Corazon 1910 - Red McGregor 1909 - Capitol 1908 - Loch Fyne 1907 - Kiatere 1906 - Sol 1905 - Kiatere 1904 - Moccasin 1903 - Haydn 1902 - The Guard 1901 - Moifaa 1900 - Voltigeur II 1899 - Dummy 1898 - Muscatel 1897 - Levanter 1896 - Levanter 1895 - Liberator 1894 - Bombardier 1893 - Despised 1892 - Shillelagh 1891 - Parnell 1890 - Jenny 1889 - Don 1888 - Allegro 1887 - Silvio 1886 - Belle 1885 - Macaroni See also Thoroughbred racing in New Zealand References Horse races in New Zealand
洪君祥，元朝将领，小字双叔，又作双寿，出身高丽王朝，元成宗时中书右丞。 祖先受唐朝派遣，前往新罗，于是世居三韩。父、祖于金朝末年降蒙古军。洪君祥是洪福源第五子。十四岁时，随兄洪茶丘于上京见元世祖忽必烈，世祖命选师儒教诲。至元三年（1266年），奉命统高丽兵三百人，参与修筑万寿山，开通通州运河。跟随蒙古军讨伐高丽权臣林衍。至元八年（1271年），从秃花秃烈戍河南。掠南宋淮东、西之地。宋朝灭亡，历任中卫亲军千户、副都指挥使、枢密院判官。至元二十三年（1286年），担任同佥枢密院事。次年，随忽必烈东征乃颜，写下《东征录》。至元三十年（1293年），奉命主持设置耽罗到鸭绿江口水驿十一所。大德二年（1298年），因为御史台弹劾他贪污受贿被罢职。大德七年（1303年），拜为中书右丞。大德十年（1306年），出为江浙行省右丞。转任辽阳行省右丞。请朝廷增加巡兵，设置儒学提举官、都镇抚，元武宗即位后，召为枢密院事。改为辽阳行省平章政事，商议行省事。至大二年（1309年）卒。 延伸阅读 参考文献 《元史》卷154 元朝中书省官员 元朝地方官员 元朝武官 高麗人物 J
美麗島事件（或稱高雄事件，當時蒋经国政府稱此為「高雄暴力事件叛亂案」）是1979年12月10日國際人權日時發生於中華民國高雄市的一場重大衝突事件。以美麗島雜誌社成員為核心的黨外運動人士，於12月10日組織群眾進行遊行及演講，訴求民主與自由，終結黨禁和戒嚴。期間有一些理小平頭配戴青天白日徽章的二十餘歲不明人士混入群眾中朝演講者投擲雞蛋進行挑釁。外圍的鎮暴部隊則將群眾完全包圍住，並往裡面釋放催淚彈，以及照射強力探照燈朝群眾逼近，並逐步縮小包圍圈，終至引爆警民衝突。事件後，臺灣警備總司令部大舉逮捕黨外人士，並進行軍事審判，為台灣自二二八事件後規模最大的一場警民衝突事件。 美麗島事件發生後，許多重要黨外人士遭到逮捕與審判，其中总指挥施明德原先被以叛亂罪判處死刑。最後在当时美國卡特政府“人权外交”政策、美国國會議員以及各界的壓力下，除施明德被判處無期徒刑外，其餘皆以有期徒刑論處。 此事件對台灣往後的政局發展有著重要影響，台灣民眾於美麗島事件後開始關心台灣政治。之後又陸續發生林宅血案（1980）、陳文成命案（1981）、劉江南命案（1984）撼動國際社會，使國民黨政府不斷遭受國際輿論的壓力以及黨外勢力的挑戰，中國國民黨只好漸漸不再堅持一黨專政，之後解除持续38年的臺灣省戒嚴令、開放黨禁、報禁，逐漸走向民主化。民主进步党早期的绝大部分领导人都直接或间接参与过美丽岛事件。 歷史背景 美麗島之前的黨外運動 在國民黨一黨獨大的历史統治時期，台灣社會沒有組黨的自由，所謂的「黨外」，指的就是一群非屬國民黨、進行反對國民黨獨裁統治、爭取民主、自由運動的政治組織或個人。在早期，黨外人士主要是通過創辦雜誌來宣傳自己的政治主張（如五零年代雷震的《自由中國》、以及六零年代的《文星》、《大學》等）。到1970年代以後，開始透過選舉的機制，進行進一步的串聯和組織工作。 「黨外」的第一次組織化嘗試是在1978年中央民意代表增額選舉時期，當時非國民黨候選人康寧祥、張春男、黃天福、姚嘉文、以及呂秀蓮等人，在選舉期間以黃信介、林義雄和施明德為中心，成立「台灣黨外人士助選團」，作為共同的選舉後援組織。 在助選團的協助下，黨外人士發動了龐大的文宣攻勢，印製自己的傳單、海報進行散發，很快就獲得了極大的回應。但是在1978年12月16日，美國政府突然告知中華民國政府即將終止雙方的外交關係。這個事件在政壇引發強烈的反應。時任中華民國總統蔣經國在獲知消息後，行使《動員戡亂時期臨時條款》所賦予的緊急權力，宣佈即日起停止一切選舉活動。斷交事件影響深遠，一直到2007年，事母至孝的呂秀蓮在第二任副總統任內，都曾公開抱怨，如果不是斷交就不會有美麗島事件，也不會連自己的母親往生都不能奔喪。 黨外人士反對暫時停止選舉的決定，許信良、余登發等人在12月25日發表《黨外人士國是聲明》，要求恢復選舉，並主張由台灣人民自己決定自己的前途和命運。1979年1月21日，黨外運動的重要領袖余登發在國族認同上一直認為自己是中國人，並主張台灣海峽兩岸(台海兩岸)在雙方都民主化以後和平統一，遭當時的國民黨以叛亂罪逮捕，當時任桃園縣縣長的許信良於是在次日領導20多名黨外人士發動要求釋放-{余}-登發的橋頭遊行，這是國民黨從國共內戰戰敗撤退來台灣以後在台灣執政以來民間所發起的第一次集會遊行事件。 余登發被逮捕後，在施明德等人的努力下，黨外人士組成了一個60人的「人權保護委員會」，在3月9日開庭時，由姚嘉文擔任余登發的辯護律師，委員會也與國際特赦組織合作為釋放余登發而努力。此時施明德等人就已經開始籌劃一份黨外雜誌。4月20日，監察院通過了對許信良的彈劾案，委員會再度組織聲援。隨著事態的惡化，許信良被迫在1979年的秋天前往美國。 導火線：美麗島雜誌社及各地分社遭到警總指使黑道破壞 1979年5月中，黃信介申請創辦一個新的雜誌，雜誌名稱之由來，為周清玉提議取李雙澤編曲，楊祖珺演唱的歌曲－《美麗島》為名。6月2日，《美麗島》雜誌社以「形成沒有黨名的政黨，主張實行國會全面改選與地方首長改選」為目的在台北市正式掛牌成立。在7月9日的會議上，該社正式確定許信良為社長，呂秀蓮、黃天福擔任副社長，張俊宏為總編輯，施明德為總經理。當時《美麗島》旗下網羅了各派的黨外人士，包括了當時傾向統一的社會主義團體「夏潮」、以及以康寧祥為代表的穩健派，但是主要還是以施明德等激進派為骨幹。 9月8日，《美麗島》雜誌社在台北中泰賓館舉行創刊酒會時，以《疾風》雜誌社人員為首的群眾（領頭者為新黨前主席郁慕明，而裡面有中興中學的學生）在館外聚眾抗議、煽動過路群眾，並吐唾辱罵、暴力毆打欲入場的黨外要角，此即所謂中泰賓館事件。 施明德在11月14日到台中縣的梧棲參加一場聯合祈禱會，在該會中他聽從幾位台灣長老教會牧師的建議，決定在人權紀念日當天舉辦大規模紀念活動。在紀念活動舉辦之前，施明德與陳菊進一步籌組「人權紀念委員會」，打算在當天正式成立。 《美麗島》的知名度不斷提高，1979年11月距創刊才2個月，發行量已經超過8萬冊。11月20日，「美麗島政團」在台中市太平國小舉辦「美麗島之夜」，會中開始籌劃在世界人權日當天在高雄舉行遊行。 11月及12月初，《美麗島》雜誌社在高雄的服務處兩次遭南部警備司令部指使黑道砸毀，多處各地服務社亦遭破壞。11月29日，黃信介位於台北市的住宅和立委服務處遭到搗毀，同日《美麗島》雜誌社高雄市服務處也遭人持刀械破壞，雖然報警處理，治安當局一直未能查獲。12月7日，《美麗島》雜誌社屏東服務處遭到「軍用斧頭」襲擊，並砍傷一人。連續數日，台北、高雄、屏東的《美麗島》雜誌社服務處皆遭到攻擊，為美麗島事件的爆發埋下引信。 事件經過 《美麗島》雜誌社申請舉辦遊行 1979年12月10日是世界人權日，《美麗島》雜誌社高雄市服務處正副主任楊青矗及陳菊以「人權紀念委員會」名義，以此申請集會。11月30日正式向高雄市政府警察局第一分局（今高雄市政府警察局新興分局)提出申請，要求在12月10日下午6點到晚上11點，在大統百貨公司對面的扶輪公園(今高雄中央公園附近)舉行遊行演講活動，主旨為「慶祝世界人權日三十一週年」，但一直都未獲批准。在多次嘗試失敗後，黨外人士決定依原定計畫在高雄舉行遊行。 軍警演習與鼓山事件 12月9日，美麗島事件發生的前一天，執政的國民黨政府緊急透過電視宣布將於高雄舉行冬令宵禁演習，以避免「妨礙交通與社會秩序」為由，將在次日禁止任何示威遊行活動，實為針對《美麗島》可能舉辦的遊行活動進行監控，高雄市政府警察局隨即調集大批優勢警力包圍《美麗島》雜誌社高雄市服務處，阻擋其宣傳車宣傳遊行。當日，兩名《美麗島》的義工姚國建和邱勝雄突破包圍，駕駛兩輛由「發財車」改裝的宣傳車行駛至高雄市街頭進行宣傳，在發傳單告示次日活動時於鼓山分局附近被警察攔下，搶走擴音器、錄音帶等宣傳工具，並逮捕兩人施以毆打及刑求。《美麗島》雜誌社工作人員在得知消息後立即前往警察局要求放人，聚集群眾於警局外，警察緊急封鎖陸橋，避免更多民眾進入，一直到次日凌晨，兩人才被釋放。這次的「鼓山事件」引起公憤，《美麗島》雜誌社高雄市服務處緊急動員各地黨外人士前來聲援，並更堅定其舉辦活動的決心。也使得一些原本並未計畫參加12月10日遊行的黨外人士，如黃信介、呂秀蓮、陳忠信、黃順興等人，也立即前往高雄，準備參加遊行。 鎮暴部隊佔據高雄 12月10日當天中午，檢察、警察、調查單位以南部警備司令部為指揮中心，國防部憲兵司令部高雄憲兵隊、高雄市政府警察局、保安警察第五總隊以冬令宵禁為由全面動員，鎮暴部隊紛紛佔據高雄市各主要幹道路口，開始進行交通管制，並封鎖舉辦集會的預定地扶輪公園。當日雖非假日，高雄市政府卻要求各級學校提早放學，各銀行提早結束營業。 衝突的爆發 傍晚時分，來自美麗島雜誌社各地服務處的成員和支持者搭乘遊覽車相繼抵達高雄。正副總指揮施明德和姚嘉文則在辦公室規劃遊行路線。下午4點多，黃信介自台北搭火車南下，火車抵達高雄車站時，黃信介與南部警備司令常持琇陸軍中將交談，希望能提供演講場地，以避免衝突事件的發生。 晚上8點半，鎮暴車上冒出幾縷白煙，鎮暴警察開始在遊行現場施放催淚瓦斯，現場民眾開始騷動，並由大圓環移向中正四路，在南台路口的封鎖線前方與憲兵、警察爆發嚴重衝突，雙方均受傷慘重。當民眾衝破第一道封鎖線時，施明德要求群眾撤回服務處，但現場已經完全失控，群眾繼續衝撞高雄市第一分局，當時人數粗估約10萬人。後來民眾退回服務處，張俊宏見現場氣氛稍息，站上宣傳車要求迅速解散，但眾人仍留在現場傾聽呂秀蓮演講。黃越欽立即與常持琇交涉，要求先行撤離鎮暴部隊以勸退民眾解散，但常持琇堅持先行驅離民眾，談判陷入僵局。 晚間10時左右，裝甲車及警隊聚集於中山一路，釋放催淚瓦斯，鎮暴部隊同時手持盾牌配合鎮暴車逼近遊行隊伍，在場民眾還以石塊及棍棒攻擊，雙方更發生更大規模的衝突，同時有「不明人士」攻擊民宅，直至半夜民眾才逐漸解散。事後官方宣稱軍警約有183人受傷，而民眾無人受傷，受到質疑后又改稱有50多人受傷。事件之後，國民黨政府指揮新聞媒體一面倒地指責參與活動的民眾（全台灣只有《台灣時報》一家做平衡報導，並冒險刊出2張現場的衝突照片，於隔天銷售一空），電視台不斷播放憲警住院，以及發動社會各界關懷及聲援憲警的情況。國民黨政府一味將憲警塑造成受害者，並鋪天蓋地批評黨外人士為匪黨、暴力份子、野心陰謀份子，意圖操作台灣民眾對黨外人士的憤怒與反感。 大逮捕 事件發生後的12月11日，中華民國國家安全局和臺灣警備總司令部召開會議，決議大舉逮捕黨外人士。12月12日，警備總司令汪敬煦陸軍二級上將下令拘捕高雄事件的相關嫌犯及人士，12月13日清晨六點，軍警與情治人員展開全島同步大逮捕，政府陸續追捕黨外人士，然而施明德逃過這次逮捕，成為當日晚間新聞的頭條，政府發布通緝令全面追捕，並開出懸賞獎金新台幣50萬。12月22日，施明德的懸賞獎金提高為100萬，媒體及學校機關配合政府，醜化施明德，說其為大狐狸、暴力份子。1980年1月7日，施明德透過高俊明牧師、林文珍長老等友人的幫助下四處躲藏，並請牙醫師張溫鷹為其整容。1月8日，施明德於台北市落網。隔天，警備總部公佈「美麗島事件」涉案人數共計152人。 警總嚴刑逼供 肉體虐待 呂秀蓮：疲勞審訊、侮辱、罰站、不准進食、強迫進食。 林義雄：恐嚇、連續拳打腳踢、用香煙燙臉、燒鬍子。 邱奕彬：受到肉體殘害、咬舌自盡未遂。 楊青矗：疲勞審訊、毆打。 下列為美麗島事件的被告在台北地方法院公開調查庭上說出被刑求的經過，綜合當年報章記載，如下： 紀萬生：疲勞審訊、拳打腳踢、香煙燒臉、鼻孔灌辣椒水、嘴塞乒乓球、被猛擊腹部導致腎臟和脊椎受傷、以東西砸之，導致左耳被打聾。 周平德：大力掌嘴、毆打胸部與頭部逾19小時、罰跪、剝奪睡眠五天沒有睡覺。 邱茂男：十幾天疲勞審訊、剝奪睡眠，五天沒睡，以後常三、四天沒睡。 范政祐：剝奪睡眠、毆打、罰跪、拔鬍子。 王拓：剝奪睡眠，七天只睡一小時、時常被打耳光。 吳振明：被打到口吐鮮血、下體受傷，以原子筆試圖自殺而未遂。 吳文賢：戴腳鐐、吃鹽水飯一星期。 許天賢：戴腳鐐、吃鹽水飯。 戴振耀：戴腳鐐、吃鹽水飯、被施打自來水針。 蔡有全：被毆打至呼吸困難、下腹受傷、拉頭撞牆、半蹲。 余阿興：吃鹽水飯、半夜只穿內褲受凍偵訊。 許淇潭：雙手擧起罰站、毆打、腳踢。 蔡精文：用皮鞭抽打、被威脅要被吊起打聾、吃鹽水飯二十天。 邱垂貞：椅子上連續坐十天、剝奪睡眠四天、遭拳打腳踢至胃出血。 蘇振祥：毆打、以香煙燻眼、強迫做俯卧撐。 陳福來：遭六、七人毒打、被電棍毒打。 劉華明：吃鹽水飯、踢打成傷。 語言威脅 下列是警總人員曾對被告人講過的威脅話語： 「在這裏邊，要鬥智、鬥力，你都不行！」 「如果你不說，拿出證據來，每一樣都讓幾個人把你痛打幾頓，打死了，就說你是畏罪自殺！」 「不說，就把你的牙齒都拔掉！」 「如果不合作，就把你打成共產黨！」 「人總是人；識時務者爲俊傑，你的身體受不了那些的！」 心理戰術 警總常常會先對被告人下死刑，接着又稱只要願意合作，坦白犯罪動機和證據，就不會讓被告死掉。被告人爲了保住生機，通常都會妥協，是爲「置之死地而後生」戰術。 對被告人挑撥離間：警總先從一個被告人「甲」搜集證據、線索，接着對另一個被告人「乙」聲稱「甲」已將「乙」出賣。當「乙」因被出賣而感到絕望時，便會大膽講出更多證據予警總人員。如此往復，全部的被告人都會在「出賣」與「被出賣」之間將證據全部供出，離間計謀即告得逞。 以其他被告人作威脅：例如，紀萬生指警總欺騙其稱其妻子被捕，女兒失蹤；只要願意「合作」，就會釋放其妻，尋回其女。此外，又如邱垂貞指警總曾告訴他呂秀蓮已被判處死刑，多說些呂的壞話不會對她有任何影響。翌日早上，邱聽見槍聲，使邱更加確信呂已被處死。 起訴與判刑 1980年2月20日，警總軍法處以叛亂罪起訴黃信介、施明德、張俊宏、姚嘉文、林義雄、陳菊、呂秀蓮、林弘宣等八人，其他30多人則在一般法庭遭到起訴，另有91人被釋放。在張德銘、陳繼盛等人的協助下，被告聘請辯護律師，最後組成一個15人的律師團，分別為江鵬堅、鄭慶隆、張政雄、鄭勝助、呂傳勝、尤清、鄭冠禮、高瑞錚、郭吉仁、張火源、謝長廷、陳水扁、張俊雄、蘇貞昌、李勝雄，每名被告有兩名律師協助辯護。 1980年2月28日，發生震驚社會的林宅血案：林義雄母親及雙胞胎女兒被以專業手法殺害，黨外依此宣稱慘案是由國民黨政府特務策划。 1980年3月18日起9天，軍事法庭開始審訊，受到以美國為首的國際壓力下，除國際知名媒體報導外，政府罕見允許國內報紙刊載審訊過程與被告陳辭。4月18日，軍事法庭作出最後判決結果，8人全部有罪，施明德被判無期徒刑，黃信介14年有期徒刑，其餘6人12年有期徒刑，而幫助施明德逃亡者各判2年（如張溫鷹）到7年（如高俊明）。 審判結果 叛亂罪 其他罪刑 共37人，計有王拓、江金櫻、余阿興、吳文、吳文賢、李明憲、周平德、蔡精文、 林文珍、林樹枝、邱垂貞、邱奕彬、邱茂男、施瑞雲、紀萬生、范政祐、范巽綠、高俊明、張富忠、張溫鷹、許天賢、許睛富、陳忠信、陳博文、黃昭輝、楊青矗、趙振貳、蔡有全、蔡垂和、戴振耀、魏廷朝、蘇秋鎮等等。 影響 美麗島事件是台灣社會從封閉走向開放的一次歷史事件，此事使得台灣社會在政治、文化上都產生劇烈影響。 首先在政治上的改變最為明顯，政治上美麗島案的被害人（例：施明德、林義雄、黃信介、許信良、呂秀蓮、陳菊、張俊宏、姚嘉文...），包括他們的辯論律師（例：謝長廷、陳水扁、張俊雄、蘇貞昌、尤清...）後來都成為民主進步黨的核心成員（有些後來因路線爭議而退黨），並在此後至今一直影響台灣政治。在尚未開放黨禁的1980年代，美麗島案讓黨外人士更加團結和奮力去爭取民主自由，在之後的選舉逐漸獲得更多台灣人民的支持。 1986年9月28日，甚至在還未解嚴、還未解除黨禁的情況下，黨外人士就不顧被鎮壓的危險成立了民主進步黨。 國民黨政府遭受強大的國際輿論壓力，以及黨外勢力強力組織衝擊戒嚴體制。1987年7月15日解嚴連帶使黨禁失效，半年後1988年1月1日又解除報禁，部分開放了台灣的言論出版自由（但《出版法》仍存在）。蔣經國於1988年1月13日逝世，李登輝繼任總統後，因應1990年發生的野百合運動之訴求，1991年5月1日經由中華民國國民大會廢除《動員戡亂時期臨時條款》（凍結憲法本文，包含人權條款與政府權力分立制衡的規定），12月進行國民大會全面改選並定期選舉，加上1992年立法委員全面改選並定期選舉，使得中華民國的國會終於代表其所統治土地的民意。1994年開始直轄市市長民選，1996年中華民國總統大選，臺灣首次直選總統，數十年來台灣人民前仆後繼努力的目標民主、人權、自由等價值終於有了基礎，推動台灣社會從威權獨裁的時代，邁向民主化時代。2000年中華民國總統選舉的結果並成就和平民主的政黨輪替，國民黨統治台灣以來第一次失去政權。 中央研究院人文社會科學研究中心副研究員林季平表示，當時執政的中國國民黨受到美麗島事件等挑戰，可能因此造成國民黨在1980年後縮減對南台灣經濟發展的支持。 特赦 1990年5月20日，李登輝就職中華民國第八任總統，同日簽署美麗島事件的特赦令，美麗島政治犯重獲自由。 事件當事人的後續發展 受刑人 美丽岛事件大审判的八位受刑人中，除林弘宣之外，其他的七个人出狱后都曾任民主进步党主席或者代理主席。其中施明德和林义雄已经退出民进党，林弘宣从未加入民进党。吕秀莲曾任副总统，姚嘉文曾任考试院长，陈菊现任监察院长，施明德、黄信介、张俊宏曾任立法委员，林弘宣曾经担任总统府国策顾问。两位受刑人已经去世，黄信介于1999年逝世，林弘宣于2015年逝世。除陈菊之外，其他的受刑人都已经淡出政坛。 辯護律師 美丽岛事件的辩护律师中，陈水扁、谢长廷、苏贞昌、张俊雄、江鹏坚、尤清、张政雄、郭吉仁和郑胜助参与政治。陈水扁于2000年当选总统，成为首任非国民党籍的中华民国总统。谢长廷、苏贞昌和张俊雄都在陈水扁总统任内出任行政院长，苏贞昌在蔡英文总统任内再度出任行政院长。江鹏坚是民进党首任主席，在1990年代担任立法委员和监察委员，2000年逝世。尤清曾任监察委员、台北县长、立法委员和驻德代表。张政雄曾在陈水扁总统任内出任中选会主委。郭吉仁曾任行政院劳工委员会副主任委员。郑胜助曾任中央选举委员会委员。 當時的政、黨要員 當時在統治集團任職並參與美麗島事件的追訴或究責者，也有至今活躍的高階公務員及政治人物。 宋楚瑜於美麗島事件時擔任行政院新聞局局長，事件發生後在公開演說中譴責美麗島人士是暴力份子、惹事生非、搞分化與破壞、意圖誣蔑當時的中華民國是「靠軍事與特務統治來維護政權」；當時的報紙大篇幅報導其演講，達到塑造輿論的效果。宋楚瑜後來曾當選第一屆（也是唯一一屆）民選臺灣省省長。其後在2000年、2012年、2016年、2020年四次參選總統但都落敗，2004年參選副總統落敗。 林輝煌於美麗島大審時擔任軍事檢察官，後來離開軍職，長年擔任司法官訓練所（後改名為司法官學院）所長，多次獲中華民國法務部推薦為大法官候選名單。2015年再次被法務部推薦時，因其在美麗島事件中的角色而引發極大爭議，最終沒有被馬英九總統提名。然而，身為美麗島受害者的施明德為其緩頰，稱林輝煌當時只是初入仕途的小角色，沒有能力羅織罪名，只是奉命演出依法審判的外表而已。施明德說：「當年，真正想殲滅美麗島政團、鎮壓台灣人反抗勢力的首要集團是以王昇上將為頭的軍特派，包括警總司令汪敬煦和中華民國法務部調查局局長阮成章，最後拍板定案下手逮人的就是蔣經國本人！林輝煌算哪根蔥！」 中國大陸媒體的說法 该事件引起中国共产党对台湾反国民党人士的兴趣。中华人民共和国驻美国大使柴澤民表示“反对国民党当局的暴力行为”，要求释放被抓群众。1980年1月28日，《人民日報》发表報導《妄圖扼殺愛國民主運動以維持其獨裁統治　台灣當局利用高雄事件進行大逮捕大迫害》；2月19日，《人民日報》報導《在京台灣同胞舉行春節聯歡會》，台湾民主自治同盟主席蔡嘯講話：“我們堅決支持台灣島內主張愛國統一的民主運動，並將和他們攜手並肩，為爭取台灣早日回歸祖國而奮鬥到底。我們向被國民黨當局無辜迫害的非國民黨人士和群眾及其家屬致予親切的慰問”。 3月24日，《人民日報》報導《台灣當局軍法審訊高雄事件被捕人士　黃信介、呂秀蓮等在法庭上指控當局對他們進行折磨和逼供》；4月14日报導《台灣當局藉口高雄事件鎮壓台胞　被捕人士列舉事實真相》：“高雄事件的發展，已引起大陸的人民和台灣同胞的嚴重關切。眾所周知，我們是堅決反對‘台灣獨立’的；但對台灣當局以各種借口鎮壓台灣人民，也是堅決反對的”，“停止對高雄事件中被捕人士的審訊和迫害，早日予以釋放”；4月20日，《人民日報》報導《台灣當局蓄意製造高雄事件迫害非國民黨人士　無理判處黃信介等八人有期徒刑和無期徒刑》，谴责国民党“迫害台湾非国民党人士、镇压台湾爱国民主运动”的行径，称美丽岛事件“是台湾当局预谋的一个圈套”。 4月22日，《人民日報》報導《台盟和在京台胞集會　反對台灣當局製造高雄事件迫害台胞》，引用蔡嘯的話：“我們要求台灣當局：必須立即釋放因高雄事件而被捕的所有人士，保證他們的安全，取消那個反動的、束縛著台灣人民的、不得人心的《戒嚴法》，保障台灣人民的民主權利，更不能阻撓台灣同胞走愛國統一道路”。 其他相關事項 林宅血案發生在1980年美麗島大審時，至今仍未破案，成為懸案。2021年10月20日，台獨人士陳婉真質疑，陳水扁政府執政後民進黨第一個進入情治系統的人是新潮流系大老邱義仁，時任國家安全會議秘書長的邱義仁不可能看不到國民黨執政時期殘害異己的檔案，為何邱義仁任憑林宅血案、陳文成命案等重大案件成為懸案。 美麗島雜誌社高雄服務處舊址（今高雄市新興區中山一路53號），於2004年被高雄市政府指定為高雄市歷史建築。 高雄捷運O5/R10車站位於美麗島事件發生地大港埔圓環，特命名為美麗島站以為紀念；部分居民希望以舊地名命名為大港埔站，而高雄市政府認為「美麗島事件是值得紀念的民主活動」來回應民眾，因此仍命名為美麗島站。 由李雙澤編曲的歌《美麗島》，楊祖珺收錄在其1979年發行的專輯《楊祖珺》之中，發行之初雖未受到當局特別關切，但仍不能公開在電視廣播上演唱；1979年黨外人士以此曲做為雜誌之名後，本無政治意圖的《美麗島》，更與黨外運動劃上等號，從此被打入深淵，列為禁歌。然而即便是黨外人士，也並非全部人都支持《美麗島》此曲。1979年9月8日《美麗島雜誌》創刊酒會，爆發鬧場衝突：保安警察重重包圍酒會現場，有人喊著要楊祖珺唱〈美麗島〉帶領大家衝出去，於是楊祖珺帶領大家唱〈美麗島〉，台獨人士「田媽媽」田孟淑卻在楊祖珺背後用臺語罵「別唱那豬仔歌啦」（在早年的臺灣省籍情結中，本省人被稱為蕃薯或台巴子，外省人則被稱為老芋仔或外省豬），楊祖珺十分不滿；2012年1月，楊祖珺提到此事，並說「民進黨是我們一手催生的；可是對現在的路線和福佬沙文主義，我痛恨死了」，暗批田孟淑是福佬沙文主義者。 1984年10月18日，宋美齡函電蔣經國：「-{余}-對汝處理美麗島事件，令治安人員確實做到『寧被造事者毆打，袛能招擋而不還手』，此種紀律之貫徹，除英國本土之警察不易做到，故對此事無多介意」。 1999年12月，臺灣之聲廣播電臺出版前法務部調查局臺北市調查處中山調查站調查員白瑄的著書《全民公敵調查局》，該書第六章訪問美麗島事件時擔任蔣經國侍衛的士林官邸無線電隨從「鐵金剛」口述歷史。鐵金剛說，他真的一直沒有想到，民進黨的整個組黨過程，是蔣經國一手主導的。鐵金剛說，在黨外運動或現在民進黨的高層人物中，應該有好幾個國防部軍事情報局安排的人在裡面。鐵金剛披露，「像以前朱高正和蔣經國的關係就很微妙」，朱高正曾經多次秘密進入七海官邸直接與蔣經國面談；美麗島事件爆發後，他是奉蔣經國命令前往高雄市下達蔣經國手諭的幾組警衛之一，「當時我們那一組就是負責去教訓朱高正，制止他繼續把美麗島事件擴大」。 2008年1月8日，立委選舉推薦連線記者會，青年勞動九五聯盟執行委員陳柏謙砲轟，民進黨老一輩的人消費美麗島事件消費了快三十年，民進黨學運世代消費野百合學運也消費了快二十年，國民黨與民進黨將理想性耗損殆盡之後再也得不到青年學生的明顯支持。 2009年10月7日，前國民大會代表張春男發表《台灣主權宣告書》，表示：「現在的台灣並沒有一個真正站在台灣人立場的有力政治團體，台灣人所支持的民進黨可能實際上是由外來政權的特務單位所操控。……諸多證據證實民進黨可能被特務單位滲透控制，證之民進黨本身從不追查真相、也從未澄清其清白；更有甚者，民進黨執政八年，居然從不立法禁止特務滲透，也不清除潛伏的特務。若非整個民進黨是被操控，則難以解釋何以如此。……看來，民進黨是在高雄事件，國民黨把台灣人支持的黨外（人士）抓光之後，由滲透進去填補黨外真空的特務控制人員所操控的。」 2014年1月10日，台灣基督長老教會牧師盧俊義諷刺民進黨：「從黨外到現在的民進黨，最令人無法容忍的是：還有人老是活在美麗島事件裡，喜愛人家述說他犧牲是多麼大，甚至常常在有意無意間暗示著台灣人欠他們許多『愛台恩情債』。坦白說，台灣人不但沒有欠他們任何債，反而是他們欠了台灣人更多『疼惜的支持債』。這些『美麗島時代』的菁英若是還有一點反省能力，就會清楚從1980年到2000年，台灣人怎樣用20年時間支撐民進黨茁壯起來的。今天，不但看不到他們有任何感恩的心，卻還在想盡辦法繼續在消耗台灣人的真愛之情。」 2014年9月12日，消防員工作權益促進會於民進黨中央黨部抗議指出，民進黨主席蔡英文放任號稱「人權市長」的高雄市市長陳菊解雇為消防員權益爭取制度改革的高雄市政府消防局消防員徐國堯，民進黨讓美麗島事件戒嚴再現，儼然成為「民主退步黨」。 2021年10月28日，針對民進黨組黨歷史，施明德之妻陳嘉君說，2000年至今，所有美麗島事件辯護律師，不管官位多大，都不給真相；她質問，為什麼民進黨那麼怕真相，「害怕民進黨是臥底特務建立的黨嗎？」 2022年2月19日，陳婉真說，蔣經國建立的情治系統和包工程等，對台灣造成的傷害都遠大於他的貢獻；國民黨過去把蔣經國美化、神化，但現在連民進黨都推崇蔣經國，「這是價值觀的錯亂」。同日，陳文成博士紀念基金會董事長楊黃美幸說，兩蔣時代是台灣一黨專政的威權時代，在白色恐怖時期許多人被判死刑導致家破人亡，現在蔣經國卻被民進黨定位為台灣民主化的推手，「這是對我們最大的諷刺」。 相關條目 中國國民黨 台灣戒嚴令 台灣白色恐怖時期 警備總部 鎮暴部隊 軍事法庭 黨外運動 美麗島雜誌 林宅血案 民主進步黨 解嚴、黨禁、報禁 集會遊行 野百合學運 台灣獨立運動 三一九槍擊事件 太陽花學運 時代力量 社會民主黨 (臺灣) 捷運美麗島站 重北輕南 芝加哥七人案 2021年香港民主派初選大搜捕 參考 相關的史料與研究 （按作者姓氏漢語拼音順序排列） 沈超群，2007年4月，〈白色恐怖與新聞自由─政經氛圍與黨外雜誌傳承的系譜（1950-1980）〉，《史轍》第3期，頁141-180。 范忠信，1993，高雄事件，見李義虎主編，台灣十大政治案件，頁144-64。哈爾濱：黑龍江人民出版社。 張富忠、邱萬興，2005，《綠色年代：臺灣民主運動25年》。臺北：綠色旅行文教基金會 古淑芳，1999，台灣黨外運動(1977-1986)：以黨外言論為中心之研究。國立台灣師範大學歷史研究所碩士論文。 Kaplan, John. 1981. The Court-martial of the Kaohsiung Defendants. Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley. 賴士羽編，1987，審判國民黨：美麗島事件真象。台北：台灣文藝出版社。 李筱峰，1987，台灣民主運動四十年。台北：自立晚報文化出版部。 呂秀蓮，1997，重審美麗島。台北：前衛出版社。 Thomas, Herb. 1980. Repression in Taiwan: A Look at the Kaohsiung Rally and Trials. New York: The Asian Center. 新台灣文教基金會美麗島事件口述歷史編輯小組編，1999a，走向美麗島：戰後反對意識的萌芽。台北：時報文化。 新台灣文教基金會美麗島事件口述歷史編輯小組編，1999b，沒有黨名的黨：美麗島政團的發展。台北：時報文化。 新台灣文教基金會美麗島事件口述歷史編輯小組編，1999c，暴力與詩歌：高雄事件與美麗島大審。台北：時報文化。 秦風，2005，《歲月臺灣》，廣西：廣西師範大學出版社。 外部連結 財團法人新台灣研究文教基金會 若林正丈 美麗島事件 高雄—美麗島事件 馬世芳 楊祖珺，李雙澤，美麗島，與其他 黨外運動 臺灣白色恐怖時期案件 臺灣人權史 高雄市事件 1979年台灣
本页面列出了ITTF世界巡回赛 ITTF World Tour (自1996年创立至2011年期间称为“ITTF职业巡回赛”) 各站分站赛的所有冠军。 阿根廷公开赛 澳大利亚公开赛 奥地利公开赛 1. 未进行双打比赛，改为进行团体比赛. 白俄罗斯公开赛 1. 未进行双打比赛，改为进行团体比赛. 比利时公开赛 巴西公开赛 保加利亚公开赛 智利公开赛 中国公开赛 1. 未进行双打比赛，改为进行团体比赛. 台北公开赛 克罗地亚公开赛 捷克公开赛 丹麦公开赛 荷兰公开赛 埃及公开赛 英国公开赛 法国公开赛 德国公开赛 1. 未进行双打比赛，改为进行团体比赛. 希腊公开赛 香港公开赛 匈牙利公开赛 印度公开赛 意大利公开赛 日本公开赛 1. Doubles events were replaced with team events. 韩国公开赛 科威特公开赛 黎巴嫩公开赛 马来西亚公开赛 摩洛哥公开赛 尼日利亚公开赛 菲律宾公开赛 波兰公开赛 卡塔尔公开赛 俄罗斯公开赛 塞尔维亚公开赛 新加坡公开赛 西班牙公开赛 斯洛文尼亚公开赛 瑞典公开赛 阿联酋公开赛 美国公开赛 参考资料 winners Lists of table tennis players
男人身上有异味是什么原因引起的？身体的突然气味可能是由饮食因素引起的。不排除它不注意卫生。可以做血常规检查和肝肾功能检查。消除器质性疾病。仅从症状上判断你的病情并不好，建议你尽快去医院检查，对疾病的主要原因及早诊断和治疗，以免耽误病情。许多人认为流汗会有难闻的气味，但这两者并无关系。汗水是汗腺分泌的稀汗，其中水分占百分之九十九，其余为氯化钠、钾、硫、尿素等。汗液本身没有气味，但当它与皮肤表面的细菌混合时，会产生一种难闻的气味。身体的某些部位，如腋窝、脚、腹部等，细菌容易积累，汗腺更难蒸发，所以气味更强烈。症状主要是由于平时不注意饮食卫生，长期的吃辛辣刺激食物过多，饮食不规律而出现的胃肠道消化功能紊乱导致的消化不良以及口臭的现象。平时养成良好的饮食卫生习惯，不要吃辛辣刺激的食物。这种情况受生理病理多种因素的影响。建议建立健康的生活方式，合理安排工作和作息时间，劳逸结合，适当运动，增强体质，讲究饮食卫生和饮食营养，早晚要刷牙，定期洗澡换衣服等，主动去除诱因，戒烟酒，同时到正规医院体检科体检，了解自己的身体状况，针对具体情况进行干预。人体气味中有一种被称为2-壬烯醛的物质，分泌量会随着年龄的增长而增加的，研究人员对26到75岁之间具有体臭的人进行了分析，发现2-壬烯醛这种物质只出现在40岁以上的被调查者身上。所以男性中年以后身上会有异味。通常情况下，是汗水被细菌分解后产生了这种气味。但老人由于代谢变慢，皮肤表层容易产生死皮。如果不及时清理，也会产生异味。
第十二届男篮世界锦标赛是1994年在加拿大多伦多进行的男篮世界杯，是美国NBA球员第一次参加世界锦标赛，并最终轻松获得了冠军。 俄罗斯和克罗地亚队則是在苏联和南斯拉夫解体后第一次参加世界杯，兩隊并分获二三名。 中国队在这次世锦赛上首次获得第八名（不含中华民国早期的两次八强）。 中国国家队第一次世界八强 1994年，中国男篮在第21届世锦赛上第一次从小组赛突围，获得了第八名的好成绩。2年后，在奥运会上他们复制了这一成就，于是这一批让中国男篮实现历史性突破的球员（胡卫东、巩晓彬、孙军、刘玉栋、李楠）逐渐被媒体和球迷追捧为中国男篮的“黄金一代”。同样在1994年，中国男子篮球职业联赛（CBA）成立，中国篮球开始走上职业联赛的道路，“黄金一代”球员亦成为CBA前十年最耀眼的明星。当时中国队的打法以外线突破投篮为主，胡卫东、巩晓彬、孙军是其中的佼佼者。不过“黄金一代”这次进入前八的比赛也受到不少人对真正实力的质疑，源于在小组赛中中国队对美国队战略性放弃导致大比分失利，不过凭借拼下与自己实力相近的球队涉险过关。但支持者认为这只是利用赛事的规则，成绩是不容否认的。 参考资料 世界盃籃球賽 1994年籃球 加拿大籃球賽事 加拿大主辦的國際體育賽事 1994年加拿大 多倫多體育
婴儿身上有小白斑是怎么回事？出现白斑的原因有很多，外伤光感性的药物，或者强烈的日光暴晒，黑色素自身破坏，微量元素缺乏，遗传因素。白癜风初期主要在身体表面特定部位显示米粒甚至指甲大小的白色斑块，颜色较浅，多为淡白色，进行期四周不清楚，有些在白色斑块四周有介于白色斑块与健康皮肤的白斑向正常皮肤发展晕环，白色斑块表面光滑，无皮屑，毛孔不通畅，但是生物体与外界环境之间的物质和能量交换以及生物身体内物质和能量的改变过程功能不受影响，个别伴有毛发表面清楚斑块，也可黑白相间，不具备自觉感。白癜风是一种后天色素脱失性皮肤病，心理压力和精神伤害同样可影响小儿白癜风的病情。小儿白癜风要减轻心理压力，就必须把家庭不和、经济困难、生活环境差、受虐待、挨批评及同学间关系不融洽等统统扔掉，这些因素对白癜风的病情稳定和治疗效果产生影响，甚至单纯依赖药物而难以控制病情，并且患儿每天都要承受功课的压力，以及同学和周围人群的冷落，所以，在对小儿白癜风实施治疗的同时，融入心理治疗，给予患儿安慰和关怀，减轻其心理压力和思想负担，避免外界不良因素的刺激等，也是治疗过程中的一个重要方面。为患儿营造一个宽松的生活和学习环境，使其具有愉快、舒畅的心情，对病体康复有利。小儿除了进行及时有效的治疗外，还要注意心理上的护理，合理的治疗对小儿不会产生影响。白斑有很多种如虫斑、汗斑、贫血痣、白癜风等等，一定要确诊白斑种类后，再对症治疗。尽早到正规的皮肤科医院就诊治疗。这个主要考虑是维生素缺乏，饮食上不当导致的，你可以多吃新鲜的水果蔬菜，规律生活。
小行星5363（）是一颗围绕太阳公转的小行星。1979年10月19日，安東寧·姆爾科斯在克列特发现了此天体。 这颗小行星的绝对星等为136.33530等。 参考文献 小行星带天体 1979年发现的小行星
小行星7620（）是一颗围绕太阳公转的小行星。1960年9月24日，C. J. 万·豪敦、I. 万·豪敦-格勒内费尔德、T. 赫雷爾斯在帕洛马山发现了此天体。 这颗小行星的绝对星等为214.28486等。 参考文献 小行星带天体 1960年发现的小行星
叶夫根尼·列昂诺夫（；）是一个著名的俄罗斯演员。他参加了许多著名的苏联电影的演出工作。他被称为是“苏联最受喜爱的演员之一”。 叶夫根尼出生于一个典型的莫斯科家庭。他的早年梦想是成为一个战斗机飞行员。 参考资料 20世纪男演员 蘇聯電影演員 蘇聯共產黨黨員 列寧勳章獲得者 苏联人民艺术家 安葬於新聖女公墓者 俄羅斯男配音員 蘇聯男配音員 莫斯科男演员
Gargela cuprealis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1906. It is found on Borneo. References Crambinae Moths described in 1906 Moths of Borneo
Stuart Topper is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in Australia. Playing career Topper played for the Miranda Magpies before signing with the Cronulla Sharks in 1988. He played in fourteen games in his debut season and scored two tries. Topper remained with the Sharks until 1994, when he joined the Gold Coast Seagulls. Topper signed with the new Adelaide Rams franchise in 1997 and played in their inaugural match. He played in 14 games for the Rams that season. Topper travelled to the UK playing in Super Leagues world club challenge with the Rams. Topper retired at the end of 1997 season after ten years of professional football. References 1971 births Living people Australian rugby league players Rugby league halfbacks Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks players Gold Coast Chargers players Adelaide Rams players Place of birth missing (living people)
Theodore Wildanger, (May 1905 - 1989) was a painter born in France who later lived in Virginia. Some of his expressionist paintings are in the style of Marc Chagall. His credo was "Art and Dreams have no Bounds." A paperback book by Jim Kincaid, Theo, was published in 1994. Early life Theodore Wildanger was born May 25, 1905, in Aumetz in northeastern France to Pierre Wildanger and Catherine née Boehles. Pierre was a miner born date and place unknown. Catherine Boehles was born in Bavaria. Theo was the youngest in a working-class family of 12 children. As World War I got underway, Theo had to fend for himself in Aumetz by herding cows for a local farmer in return for a daily meal. As a youngster he was employed in the iron ore mine where his father works. A tram accident claimed part of his right hand. This probably prompted his decision to never go into a mine again. Next he had a brief apprenticeship with a local baker where the dusty conditions aggravated a lung condition which forced Theo to cut short this career. Adult years Theo met Anne-Marie Thekes (Anna) at a dance in the nearby village of Grevenmacher just over the border with Luxembourg. Anna was the daughter of wine growers along the Moselle River in Luxembourg. She was born in Grevenmacher in 1907 to Mathias Thekes born 1866 and Barbe Waldbillig born 1868. There was some initial animosity in the village to the courtship. They married in 1928 and moved to Paris where they lived for a number of years. Anna longed to be an actress and Theo wanted to learn all about art and artists. He found employ in an Italian count's gallery and learned the antiques business. Anna was employed by the count's wife. They were surrounded by the vivid art scene in Paris. Eventually, they returned to Anna's native country where they proceeded to build their business selling books, school supplies, and tobacco products. Two of their children were born there, Mathis in 1935 and Catherine in 1942. When the Allies moved in to push the Germans back across the Moselle River, the family was evacuated to Luxembourg City. The third child, Pierre Jacques, was born there in December 1944. The family remained there until a few years after Anna's death in 1959 from leukemia. Mathis Wildanger Theo was instrumental in developing his elder son Mathis's artistic talent. Mathis Wildanger attended various European academies. He received at the young age of 21 the “Medaille Officielle de la Ville de Paris” at the Cercle Volnay in 1956, a distinction usually reserved for more well-known artists. Mathis remained in Luxembourg, married, and developed a prosperous artistic career. He died in 2003. Career Five or six years after Anna's death, Theo left Luxembourg for Brussels, Belgium, with his younger son Pierre Jacques. He established an antique shop around the corner from the Grand Place. Theo made his living in the antiques trade and met famous artists like Jacques Brel and befriended many painters, among them Rene Magritte. He started to paint in earnest. Eventually he left Brussels to live with his daughter Catherine in Texas, Frankfurt/Main, Washington D.C. Finally, in 1977 he settled in Elam, Virginia. By now, he was in his later years and enjoyed freedom from daily worries. It was his happiest time since Paris with Anna. Theo died in 1989 in Norfolk, Virginia. Art Having no formal training, he developed different styles throughout his career. Even so, he didn't start painting until later in life, he had mentally recorded places and events. For example, he painted in 1969 “The Farmhouse at Aumetz” where he had herded cows as a young boy. Some of his paintings from the 1960s reflect street scenes in France, Belgium, and Germany e.g. Miltenberg, Bavaria painted in 1971. His time in Texas resulted in “Canyon Dam” and the “Covered Wagon” series. He was inspired to paint the Chincoteague Ponies by a trip there when he was living in Silver Spring, Maryland in 1975. Then there is the painting of his wife Anna done in a modernist style which is reflected later in some of his abstracts. His dreamy image of an infant brings to mind Marc Chagall. Theo's love for Elam is recorded in a number of paintings of the log farmhouse during different seasons. Theo lived at Elam full-time. The farm became both the subject and the context for much of his art e.g. “Sunrise at Elam” and “Washday at Elam”. Sometimes, when regular painting surfaces were in short supply, he found alternative materials such as an old cabinet door, a piece of wood, or ragged tin pieces. One of his major works titled “Chaos” was painted on a piece of roofing tin found on the farm. Pieces of driftwood became strange totemic creatures. Throughout his life he was fond of flowers and still life with wine and candles. He would paint them as if they were his tribute to nature (Fleurs et Vin). The hard winter and tough times in the first years on the farm show up in “Winter” depicting a couple carrying logs, with dog Fifi in tow. Exhibits/Galleries 1971 Langen bei Frankfurt/Main, Germany 1975 Le Cercle Francais, Parish House Lafayette Park, Washington D.C. 1993 Harbor Gallery, Norfolk, Virginia 1994 Palmer Rae Gallery, Norfolk, Virginia 2003 Portsmouth Art & Cultural Center, Virginia 2012 Stravitz Gallery, Virginia Beach, Virginia Legacy Much of Theo's collection is kept in Williamsburg, Virginia where Catherine, his daughter, is the custodian. Many of his works are now in private collections. Others were given by the artist to neighbors, friends, and handymen working on the Elam farm. External links theosartgallery.com Article from the Washington Post References 1905 births 1989 deaths 20th-century French painters People from Moselle (department) French emigrants to the United States
头上长疙瘩很疼是怎么回事？拥有一个健康的身体，才能够有一张漂亮的脸。许多人会因为生活之中没有一个好的作息时间或者是没有一个好的饮食计划而导致身体出现这样或者是那样的问题，比如头上长疙瘩。头上好多疙瘩很疼可能是毛囊炎，本病好发于头部、项部、臀部、肛周或身体其他部位，且有复发倾向，常多处发生，性质顽固，迁延难愈。下面就具体来了解一下吧。1、单纯性毛囊炎：属于急性毛囊炎。初起时，毛囊口出现有痒感的红色小丘疹，周围有炎性红晕。抓痒后可形成一个小脓疱，数天后脓头破溃，排出少量脓液后逐渐痊愈，愈后无疤痕。好发于儿童头部，好发于头皮和腋下等处。2、脓疮性毛囊炎：又叫毛囊性脓疱疮、浅表性毛囊口炎。表现为毛囊口周围发红，出现有小米到绿豆大小的脓疱，中心有毛发穿出，周边发红，有痒感或灼痛感。数天后，脓疱可变干结痂，脱痂后患处留有白色鳞屑。容易发生在四肢及头皮、小腿等处。3、项部硬结性毛囊炎：又称瘢痕疙瘩性毛囊炎、发际疮和项部毛疮等。多发于中老年男性，尤其是患有痤疮及瘢痕疙瘩体质者容易患本病。病初起时，项部发际处出现红色小丘疹或小脓疱，互相融合，逐渐发展成瘢痕疙瘩性硬结，有圆形、卵形和不规则形。一般发于项后毛发部位，患处头发稀少或完全脱落，病程缓慢，常可数年不愈。4、脓肿性穿掘性毛囊周围炎：又称头项部穿掘性蜂窝组织炎，多发于青年男性。初起时头皮部、尤其是后头部可发生黑头粉刺状毛囊炎和毛囊周围炎。尔后，逐渐增大变深，成为黄豆大，甚至桃核大的炎性结节，大多数可变成有波动的脓肿，破溃后成为数个瘘孔，有脓汁流出。病程较长，持续不断，有的连续数年，有的可拖延10年以上。头上长疙瘩很疼除了上述原因外，还可能是脱发性毛囊炎又叫羊胡子疮，是发生在男性胡须部位的毛囊炎，唇周及颏部多见。初起时可出现肿胀性红斑、毛囊性丘疹或脓疱，病损处的中央有胡须贯穿。脓疱破后，经干燥结痂，痂脱后痊愈，但可反复出现新疱，病损还可在眉毛、睫毛和腋毛等处造成危害。
陳芷尤（，），新加坡籍香港女演員及主持，曾為無綫電視基本藝人合約藝員。 簡歷 陳芷尤出生于香港，家有一名胞兄，父母早年離異，4歲時隨家人移民新加坡。她在當地就學和成長。她曾就讀位於新加坡碧山的光洋小學（Guangyang Primary School）及大巴窯的大智中學（First Toa Payoh Secondary School），後來入讀拉萨尔艺术学院修讀廣告設計，並於2011年畢業。由於其父親是泰拳運動員和出身自熱衷泰拳的家庭，所以她亦潛移默化而愛上拳擊運動。另外，她在讀中學時為校內壘球隊成員，又獲得了新加坡 National Police Cadet Corps 的最佳學員獎項。 陳芷尤涉足娛樂圈前當過模特兒，獲冠以「小舒淇」稱號，後成為過江龍而留港發展。2011年，她參加了《2011年度香港小姐競選》卻未能入圍決賽，結果獲安排入讀第25期藝員訓練班，並於該台綜藝節目《五覺大戰》內擔任神獸天使。2013年10月，她的演出同時在《愛·回家》、《巨輪》、《神鎗狙擊》三線劇集裡出現，開始為人熟悉。當中「小雲」（《愛·回家》）與「彭棋」（《神鎗狙擊》）為其代表角色。 2016年，陳芷尤在《Big Boys蕩漾夏水禮》中展示出豐滿身材而獲網民熱捧；同年首度與張名雅、阮兒及周麗欣一起獲提名《萬千星輝頒獎典禮2016》「最受歡迎劇集搭檔」獎。2017年，她憑新加坡電影《新兵正傳 IV》中「張心怡」一角在當地走紅；2019年6月便與無綫電視結束合約，正式返回新加坡發展。 感情生活 陳芷尤曾與無綫電視藝人張振朗拍拖5年多，二人同為第25期藝員訓練班的學生，惟至2018年4月各在社交平台對外公布分手，並強調當中不涉及第三者。 演出作品 電視劇 網絡劇 綜藝節目 主持節目 電影 其他 廣告 / 代言 曾獲獎項與提名 參考資料 外部連結 芷 新加坡潮汕人 移民新加坡的香港人 新加坡女性模特兒 香港女性模特兒 新加坡電視演員 新加坡電影演員 香港電視女演員 香港電影女演員 香港電視主持人 無綫電視女藝員 拉萨尔艺术学院校友 奇妙電視合作女藝員
瑞尔克（，）是法国卡尔瓦多斯省的一个旧市镇，属于维尔区。2017年，瑞尔克与市镇勒梅尼勒欧祖夫合并为新市镇谢讷河畔迪亚朗。 地理 （）面积，位于法国诺曼底大区卡爾瓦多斯省，该省份为法国西北部沿海省份，北濒大西洋英吉利海峡，东北与滨海塞纳省以海上边界相接，东临厄尔省，南至奧恩省，西与芒什省接壤。 与接壤的市镇（或旧市镇、城区）包括：。 的时区为UTC+01:00、UTC+02:00（夏令时）。 行政 的邮政编码为，INSEE市镇编码为。 政治 所属的省级选区为。 人口 于时的人口数量为人。 参见 卡尔瓦多斯省市镇列表 参考文献 J
肌病时的肌电图改变？包括以下几种：
眼眶骨肉瘤的西医治疗？(一)治疗骨肉瘤治疗极为困难。目前的主要方法是在明确诊断后行扩大的眶内容切除术，术后可能遗有明显的外观缺陷。手术后需要继续放疗和化疗。(二)预后预后不良，即使手术后继续放疗和化疗，复发机会仍然很大，患者在1～2年内死亡。
St. Thomas Episcopal Church is a historic church located at the southeast corner of Main and Focer streets in the borough of Glassboro in Gloucester County, New Jersey. It was built in 1846 and documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) in 1937, with an addendum in 1984. It added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 3, 1975, for its significance in architecture. History and description The church was built in 1846 featuring Gothic Revival architecture and designed by architect John Notman, one of his earliest projects. It was constructed using local ironstone and has an entry tower that is three stories high. The cornerstone was laid by Bishop George Washington Doane. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Gloucester County, New Jersey References External links Churches completed in 1846 19th-century Episcopal church buildings Episcopal church buildings in New Jersey Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in New Jersey Gothic Revival church buildings in New Jersey Stone churches in New Jersey Churches in Gloucester County, New Jersey Glassboro, New Jersey National Register of Historic Places in Gloucester County, New Jersey 1846 establishments in New Jersey New Jersey Register of Historic Places Historic American Buildings Survey in New Jersey
Christopher Johnston may refer to: Christopher Johnston (Assyriologist) (1856–1914), American physician and Assyriologist, a scholar of ancient Mesopotamia Chris Clavin (Christopher Johnston, born 1979), musician and record label owner Chris Johnston (footballer) (born 1994), Scottish footballer Christopher Johnston, Lord Sands (1857–1934), judge and Unionist Party (Scotland) Member of Parliament See also Chris Johnson (disambiguation)
双上眼睑的水肿性紫红色斑的诊断是什么？(一)肌肉症状 通常累及横纹肌，有时平滑肌和心肌亦可受累。任何部位肌肉皆可侵犯，但往往四肢肌肉首遭累及，肝体近端肌肉又比远侧的更易受损。肩胛带和骨盆带肌肉通常最早波及，上臂和股部肌群次之，其他部位肌群更次之。病变常呈对称性，在少数病例中损害可局限在一个肢体肌肉群，或一单独肌肉或许多肌肉连续发作，此起彼伏;通常患者感乏力，随后有肌肉疼痛、按痛和运动痛;进而由于肌力下降，呈现各种运动机能障碍和特殊姿态。由于肌肉病变的多少、轻重、部位的差异等，症状可有所不同，一般通常有抬臂、头部运动或下蹲后站起困难，步态拙劣，有时由于肌力急遽衰减，可呈现特殊姿态，如头部下垂，二肩前倾等，重者全身不能动弹，甚至翻身。当咽、食管上部和腭部肌肉受累时可出现声音嘶哑和吞咽困难;当膈肌和肋间肌累及可发生气急和呼吸困难;心肌受累可产生心力衰竭，眼肌累及发生复视。病变肌肉质地可如正常或呈柔靭感，有时纤维性变后而发硬或坚实，可促使关节挛缩影响功能，亦有报导有重症肌无力病样综合征即无痛性肌软弱，在活动后加剧。病变肌肉上面的皮肤可增厚或呈水肿性。(二)皮肤症状 本病的皮肤损害多种多样，有的为首发症状;有的具有一定特异性，对诊断有帮助;有的出现提示伴发内脏恶性肿瘤;有的与预后有关。皮损病变与肌肉累及程度常不平行，有时皮损可以较为广泛而仅有轻度肌炎，相反亦有存在严重肌肉病变而仅有轻度皮损，有时皮损反映了肌肉病变的程度。通常在面部特别一上眼睑发出紫红色斑，逐渐弥漫地向前额、颧颊、耳前、颈和上胸部V字区等扩展，头皮和耳后部亦可累及。闭眼近睑缘处可见明显扩张的树枝状毛细血管，偶见弯曲顶端有针头大小瘀点的毛血管;以眼睑为中心出现眶周不等程度浮肿紫红色斑片具有一定特征性。四肢肘膝尤其掌指关节和指间关节伸面出现紫红色丘疹、斑，以后变萎缩，有毛细血管扩张、色素减退和上覆细小鳞屑，偶见溃破，称Gottron征，亦具有特征性，在甲根皱襞可见僵直毛细血管扩张和瘀点，有助于诊断。有些病例躯干部亦可出现皮疹，呈弥漫性或局限性暗红色斑或丘疹，位在胸骨前或肩胛肌间或腰背部皮肤，通常皆无瘙痒、疼痛、感觉异常，但少数病例可有剧痒，损害呈暂时性，反复发作，其后相互融合，持续不退，上有细小鳞屑，口腔粘膜亦出现红斑。在慢性病例中有时尚可出现多发角化性小丘疹、斑点状色素沉着、行细血管扩张，轻度皮肤萎缩和色素脱失，称血管萎缩性异色病性皮肌炎，偶尔在异色病样疹基础上皮疹呈现炎红色甚至棕红色，损害广泛，尤以头面部为著，象酒醉后外观，伴较多深褐色、灰褐针头大色素斑，并可见林量蟠曲树枝状成堆成团扩张的毛细血管，称之恶性红斑，常提示伴发恶性肿瘤。此外可有皮下结节、钙质沉积排出皮肤形成漏管，有时在非典型病例中仅在眼睑，一侧或两侧或鼻根部出现紫红色斑，或头皮部出现弥漫性性红斑、糠枇样脱屑、脱发，或为荨麻疹，多形红斑样，网状青斑、雷诺现象等，部分病例对日光过敏。
James Dunbar FRSE FSAS LL.D. (born 1742, died 28 May 1798) was a British philosophical writer. He was a co-founder of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1783. Life He was educated at King's College, Aberdeen, of which he was elected a regent in 1766, and in that capacity he taught moral philosophy as a Professor there for thirty years. Dunbar was in favour of the amalgamation of King's College with Marischal College. He died in his rooms at King's College on 28 May 1798. He was replaced by Prof Robert Eden Scott in 1800. Publications He published: De Primordiis Civitatum Oratio in qua agitur de Bello Civili inter Magnam Britanniam et Colonias nunc flagrante, London, 1779, quarto. Essays on the History of Mankind in rude and uncultivated ages, London, 1780, octavo; 2nd edition 1781. The latter work deals with such topics as the "Primeval Form of society", "Language as an Universal Accomplishment", "The Criterion of a Polished Tongue", "The Hereditary Genius of Nations". Notes References Attribution ; Endnotes: Fasti Aberdon. (Spalding Club), volume lxxxviii. Thom's Aberdeen, volume ii. app. i. 13, 14, 52 Nichols's Lit. Illustr. iv. 822 Gentlemen's Magazine (1798), pages 539, 622. 1798 deaths Alumni of the University of Aberdeen British philosophers 1742 births
Beşir Fuad (5 February 1887) was an Ottoman soldier, intellectual, and writer during the First Constitutional Era. He wrote works on science, philosophy, literary criticism and biography. Unlike Tanzimat era intellectuals, who generally subscribed to romanticism, he promulgated realism and naturalism in literature; and positivism in philosophy. He has been called "the first Turkish positivist and naturalist". His suicide at the age of 35 had wide repercussions in the Ottoman society and the press, which were unfamiliar with the concept of suicide until then. His death is reported with starting a suicide epidemic in Istanbul. Early life and military career Beşir Fuad was born in Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) to a family of Georgian descent. He was the son of Habibe Hanım and Hurşid Pasha, who had served as mutasarrif of Marash and Adana. After graduating from Fatih Highschool, he continued his education at the Aleppo Jesuit School in Syria, where his father was posted. During his stay in Aleppo, he learned French. He graduated from Kuleli Military High School in 1871 and the Ottoman Military Academy in 1873. After graduating, he served as an aide-de-camp to Sultan Abdulaziz for three years. When the Serbian-Ottoman war of 1876-1877 began, he joined the army as a volunteer. Afterwards, he took part in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 and the suppression of the Cretan revolt of 1878; achieving the rank of bimbashi (lieutenant colonel).. He stayed in Crete for several years, and learned English and German during this time. His marriage to an aunt was arranged when he was very young, he had a son named Mehmet Cemil from this marriage. He divorced a short time later and married Şaziye Hanım, daughter of Salih Pasha, a son of the palace doctor Kadri Pasha. He had two sons from this marriage, Namık Kemal and Mehmed Selim. He also had a daughter named Feride, born to a French mistress. Career as a writer Beşir Fuad was interested in science and philosophy, and thanks to his knowledge of English, French and German, he was able to keep up with Western intellectual and artistic developments. He started his career as a writer in 1883 by translating articles for the Envâr-ı Zekâ magazine. He left the military in 1884, and from then he devoted himself entirely to writing. He published over 200 articles on science, philosophy, language learning and the military; as well as reviews of theatrical plays. During his short writing career, he also published 16 books, and introduced Western figures such as Émile Zola, Alphonse Daudet, Charles Dickens, Gustave Flaubert, Auguste Comte, Karl Georg Büchner, Herbert Spencer, Jean le Rond d'Alembert, Julien Offray de La Mettrie, Diderot Claude Bernard and Gabriel Tarde to the Ottoman audience. He published the magazine Hâver, later Güneş, which ran for 12 issues. He wrote the editorials of Ceride-i Havadis for a month and a half. After the closure of that newspaper, he wrote articles for Tercüman-ı Adalet and Saadet. Despite not writing any literature himself, he engaged in literary criticism, often contradicting the dominant views in the Ottoman Empire at the time. He defended the power and value of science and philosophy against the Romantic writers of the period, engaging in fierce arguments with Mehmet Tahir and Namık Kemal. He expressed his thoughts on art and philosophy in his work Intikad, which includes his correspondence with Muallim Naci. Upon the death of Victor Hugo in 1885, he wrote a small book about him. This work is considered the first critical monograph written in the history of Turkish literature. In another monograph on Voltaire, he defended positivism. Death His son Namık Kemal died at the age of one and a half years old from scarlet fever in 1885, and Beşir Fuad could not get over the impact of the loss. After his mother (who suffered a mental illness) died in March 1886, he started worrying because he thought the disease could be hereditary. He turned to nightlife and had several mistresses, being torn between them and his wife. He had a daughter, Feride, from a French mistress. He fell into financial difficulties by spending his father's inheritance, and decided to kill himself. He took the decision two years before he carried it out, also motivated by his disbelief in afterlife. He committed suicide on February 5, 1887 by cutting his wrists in his house. He first injected himself with cocaine to relieve the pain, and then cut his wrists. He took notes while he remained conscious, regarding his suicide as a scientific experiment:I performed my operation and did not feel any pain. It hurts a little as the blood flows out. My sister-in-law came downstairs while the blood was flowing. I told her I shut the door because I was writing and send her back. Fortunately she did not come in. I cannot think of a sweeter death than this. I raised my arm like fury to let the blood out. I started to feel dizzy... He had intended to donate his body to the Imperial School of Medicine, but he was buried in Eyüp Cemetery instead. His tomb was later lost. Beşir Fuad's death was widely reported in the press. Since suicide was a rarely discussed topic in the Ottoman Empire, it was reported as starting a suicide epidemic in Istanbul. Subsequently, Abdul Hamid II's government banned newspapers from publishing news involving suicide. References 1850s births 1887 deaths 1880s suicides 19th-century journalists from the Ottoman Empire Opinion journalists 19th-century translators Positivists Materialists Journalists from Istanbul Political people from the Ottoman Empire Philosophers from the Ottoman Empire Georgians from the Ottoman Empire Suicides in the Ottoman Empire Suicides by sharp instrument in Turkey Kuleli Military High School alumni Ottoman Military Academy alumni Ottoman Army officers Serbian–Turkish Wars (1876–1878) Ottoman military personnel of the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) Burials at Eyüp Cemetery
便秘痔疮症状是什么？便秘是由于粪便在大肠内停留过久，以致大便干结、排出困难。便秘的原因复杂多样，可以由于饮食缺乏纤维、水分摄取不足造成，也可能由工作生活压力大、长期使用药物、或者缺乏运动以及不良的排便习惯等因素造成。通常只要每天多喝水、吃一定量的蔬菜与水果，进行适当的体力活动，加强身体锻炼，保持心情舒畅，养成定时排便的习惯，便秘的情况就可得到改善。但对于一些顽固性便秘，可能需要手术治疗。便秘的治疗的方法有以下几种：1.生活方式调理：分析便秘的原因，调整生活方式，养成定时排便的习惯;戒烟酒;避免滥用药。有便意时需及时排便，避免抑制排便。2.提倡均衡饮食、适量增加膳食纤维、多饮水。膳食纤维本身不被吸收，能吸附肠腔水分从而增加粪便容量，刺激结肠，增强肠动力。3.适量的运动，行走和慢跑，可促进肠管蠕动，有助于解除便秘。痔疮最主要的症状是便血和痔块脱出，大便时反复多次的出血，会引起贫血。重度痔疮会脱出肛门外，引起明显不适感。更重要的是它容易与大肠癌相混淆。痔疮与大肠癌的共同点是大便带血，很多早期直肠癌是在痔疮的“掩护”下，几乎所有病人都认为自己可能是患了痔疮而想不到是肠癌警报，因此它不断“生长壮大”，患者直至发生了明显的肠梗阻症状才加以重视，接受治疗，但这时往往都到了晚期。痔疮便血是鲜红的，附于大便表面，也可表现为大便后的滴血，严重时呈喷射状。而大肠癌便血常常表现为持续性的、少量的、带黏液的血便，且便意频繁，有时只排出一些血或黏液而无粪便。痔疮的疗法有以下几种：1.药物疗法：常用枯痔散疗法、口服中药、外用药物等。一般适用一、二度患者，目的是起到减轻痔疮症状，能起到一定的治疗作用。2.外科非手术疗法：主要是橡皮圈结扎，适用范围比较广，效果可靠，另外还有硬化剂注射等方法。3.手术疗法：外科手术疗法切除痔核，仍是目前最常用的治疗方法，随着手术技术的改进。
男人先天无精症好治吗？无精的话一般可分为两种，一种是睾丸生精功能正常，但输精管道阻塞，精子不能排出体外，称梗阻性无精子症。如果是梗阻性无精症，通常男性朋友的睾丸和附睾内，还有一定量的精子，只因为输精管、射精管等梗阻导致精子无法进入精液射出体外。还有一种是睾丸本身功能障碍，称为原发性无精子症或非梗阻性无精症，比较常见的比如：先天性畸形如无睾畸形，隐睾疾，睾丸发育不全。睾丸外伤，输精管动脉外伤，睾丸扭转，流行性腮腺炎合并睾丸炎等所致的睾丸萎缩。长期服用化学药物或者放射病等。针对两种情况，有不同的治疗方法。建议到医院做详尽的检查。备孕男性也要注意预防无精症的发生，不要吸烟喝酒，慎重用药；适当运动，注意休息；不要长期禁欲，注意营养补充，通过精活速，补充精子所需的多种营养。1、对因治疗无精症：也就是检查一下无精子症是什么原因引起的就解除哪种因素，如通过输精管道造影诊断为输精管梗阻所引起的可采用介入复通，精索静脉曲张导致无精子症，可实施精索静脉高位结扎手术，一些内分泌疾病所引起的治疗效果也相当肯定。男性无精症能治好吗2、终止治疗无精症：如通过睾丸活检证实为各种原因造成的睾丸生精细胞缺如，就象农民种地，地里面庄稼籽已经全部坏完了，也就谈不上再见庄稼了。男性无精症能治好吗3、补救治疗无精症：即通常辅助的方式进行治疗，比如人工授精治疗或抱养子女。无精子症可分为两大类，第一类是睾丸生精功能障碍，精子不能产生，又称真性无精子症。第二类是睾丸生精功能正常，但输精管道阻塞，精子不能排出体外，又称阻塞性无精子症。
五岁遗尿症的治疗方法？1、膀胱训练：白天，指导儿童尽可能延长排尿间隔，逐渐从每1/2~1小时一次延长到每3~4小时一次，以扩大膀胱容量。遗尿的孩子应从下午4点以后就不再吃流质饮食,少喝水.临睡前尽可能排空膀胱内的尿液。2、一般治疗。不要责难和打骂儿童，应给予鼓励，使患儿有治好遗尿的决心。父母对患儿给予高度关心和爱护。在晚饭后禁止饮水，放睡前排尿，夜间唤醒患儿起床排尿1～2次。从治疗第一天起,要求家长为患儿设置日程表,以便每天进行记录(可使用日历).当尿床时,努力寻找可能导致尿床的因素,并记录在日程表上,如未按时睡眠,睡前过于兴奋,白天过于激动,傍晚液体摄入量太多等.当患儿无尿床时,便把一颗星画在日程表上,并予口头表扬或物质奖励.每周与医师会晤一次。3、条件反射训练。用一套遗尿的警报装置，训练患儿在遗尿前惊醒。在患儿身下放一电子垫和一电铃相连接，一旦电子垫被尿湿时，接能电路而使电铃发现声响，惊醒患儿起床排尿;如效果不佳，可加用丙咪嗪以减轻睡眠深度。一般经1～2个月的训练可使70～80%原发性遗尿获得治愈。从治疗开始起,要求家长每天在患儿夜晚经常发生尿床提前半至1小时用闹钟将患儿及时唤醒,起床排尿,使唤醒患儿的铃声与膀胱充盈的刺激同时呈现,经过一段时间的训练后,条件反射建立,患儿就能够被膀胱充盈的刺激唤醒达到自行控制排尿的目的.4、膀胱功能锻炼告诉孩子白天多喝水，多喝水，尽量延长排尿和排尿的时间间隔，这样可以增加尿量，逐渐增加膀胱容量。鼓励孩子在排尿过程中停止排尿，数到1到10，然后彻底排空尿液，以提高膀胱括约肌的控制能力。
香柑内酯是什么?？香柑内酯的活性物质。 目前市面上的香水采用的是不含香柑内酯的香柠檬精油或人工合成的类似香味物质。医学上香柑内酯与长波紫外线一同用于银屑病的长波紫外线光化治疗。
New Fancy was a colliery on the Forest of Dean Coalfield near Parkend in Gloucestershire, England. After the colliery closed its spoil heap was landscaped. The site has a picnic area, and viewing site from where goshawks can be seen. It is linked to the Forest of Dean Family Cycle Trail. History New Fancy colliery was opened by Edward Protheroe in 1827, as part of the Park End Coal Company in the Forest of Dean. By 1860 it was owned by Sully & Company and in 1885 was sold to the Parkend & New Fancy Collieries Company. It remained in operation until 1944. In 1880 the colliery produced 8,382 tons of coal. In 1900 the colliery site contained a wooden headframe, a Cornish-type engine house with an external egg-ended boiler built in the 1840s and a hand-operated windlass for raising and lowering items in the shaft. The winding gear was converted to electricity in 1916. Its site is a scheduled monument. Bird watching The top of the old coal mine spoil heap has been converted into a viewing site for birdwatchers, and gives panoramas over an extensive forested area. It is best known for viewing raptors, especially goshawks, best seen from late morning onwards in February and March. In February 1998, a female two-barred crossbill was present in a crossbill flock, drawing birdwatchers from across Britain. Sculpture The Roll of Honour sculpture was commissioned by the Forest of Dean Local History Society to honour those who worked and were killed or injured in the mines and quarries of the Forest of Dean. It was constructed by Graham Tyler and John Wakefield and was unveiled in 2005. It consists of three elements - stone, iron (represented by rusted steel), and coal (represented by carved and blackened local oak) - and stands around high. Stainless steel discs set into the sculpture represent the tokens carried by miners to determine who was below ground in the event of accidents. The Forest of Dean Geomap, a sculpture of the geology and mines of the area, was unveiled at the New Fancy picnic site in May 2008. It was commissioned by the local history society, who received a grant from DEFRA’s Aggregates Levy Sustainability Fund, and was constructed by sculptor David Yeates of Mitcheldean before being assembled on site. The rock strata depicted are built from samples of the rock they represent. Metal discs represent the locations of the main iron and coal mines and quarries, with black lines to represent coal seams and white lines for railway routes. It is flat and polished, but not shiny, and is intended to be walked on. References Footnotes Bibliography External links NewFancy Forestry England- New Fancy Image of New Fancy Colliery Potted History of New Fancy Colliery Forest of Dean Underground mines in England Coal mines in Gloucestershire
Adrianna Lamalle (born 27 September 1982) is a French hurdler born in Les Abymes, Guadeloupe. She finished 8th in the 100m hurdles final at the 2006 European Athletics Championships in Gothenburg. She also won the bronze medal in the same event at the 2000 World Junior Championships running 13.27 seconds. Adriana won the 100m hurdles at the 1st IAAF World Youth Championships in Bydgoszcz, Poland. she ran 13.08 to win, still the best time ever run by an athlete under the age of 18. She also ran 11.66 to finish third in the flat 100. Her best time in the women's 100 hurdles is 12.67, which she achieved in 2006. Prize list National French Outdoor Athletic Champion of 100 m hurdles in 2006 (12.67s) and 2007 (12.94s) 3rd at French Athletics Championships of 100 m hurdles in 2005 (12.85s) and 2011 (13.07s) 3rd at 60 m hurdles at the 2012 French Indoor Athletics Championships with 8.11s International Finalist and third relay runner of the 4 × 100 m relay at the 2006 European Championships (alongside Véronique Mang, Fabienne Béret-Martinel and Muriel Hurtis). Team did not finish due to injury in last leg of race. Personal Bests Outdoors : 100 metres : 11 s 49 (+0.0 m/s) at Fort-de-France 17 April 1999 200 metres : 24 s 48 (+0.5 m/s) at Doha 12 May 2006 100 metres hurdles : 12 s 67 (+0.7 m/s) at Tomblaine 22 July 2006 Indoors : 60 metres : 7 s 59 at Reims 1 February 2008 50 metres hurdles : 6 s 95 at Aubière 25 February 2006 60 metres hurdles : 8 s 02 at Moscow 11 March 2006 References External links Interview of Adrianna Lamalle at interviewsport.fr 1982 births Living people People from Les Abymes French female hurdlers French people of Guadeloupean descent Guadeloupean female hurdlers Mediterranean Games silver medalists for France Athletes (track and field) at the 2005 Mediterranean Games Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field) Mediterranean Games medalists in athletics Universiade silver medalists for France Medalists at the 2005 Summer Universiade