Nature is the foremost international weekly scientific journal in the world and is the flagship journal for Nature Portfolio. It publishes the finest peer-reviewed research in all fields of science and technology on the basis of its originality, importance, interdisciplinary interest, timeliness, accessibility, elegance and surprising conclusions. Nature publishes landmark papers, award winning news, leading comment and expert opinion on important, topical scientific news and events that enable readers to share the latest discoveries in science and evolve the discussion amongst the global scientific community. http://feeds.nature.com/nature/rss/current Nature Publishing Group en © 2026 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved. Nature © 2026 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved. permissions@nature.com https://www.nature.com/uploads/product/nature/rss.png http://feeds.nature.com/nature/rss/current https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10188-1 Nature, Published online: 02 February 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10188-1

Author Correction: Albumin orchestrates a natural host defence mechanism against mucormycosis]]> Antonis PikoulasIoannis MorianosVassilis NidrisRania HamdyEvangelia IntzeÁngeles López-LópezMaria Moran-GarridoValliappan MuthuMaria HalabalakiVarvara PapaioanouMaria PapadovasilakiIrene KyrmiziYiyou GuSandra M. Camunas-AlbercaRobina AertsToine MercierYuri VanbiervlietSung-Yeon ChoAmy SpalloneYing JiangDimitrios SamonakisEfstathios KastritisCarlos LaxMaria TzardiAristides EliopoulosKonstantina GeorgilaAgostinho CarvalhoOliver KurzaiShivaprakash Mandya RudramurthyCaroline ElieFanny LanternierKyriakos PetratosVictoriano GarreElias DrakosJohan MaertensVincent M. BrunoDimitrios P. KontoyiannisCoral BarbasSameh S. M. SolimanAshraf S. IbrahimGeorgios Chamilos doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10188-1 Nature, Published online: 2026-02-02; | doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10188-1 2026-02-02 Nature 10.1038/s41586-026-10188-1 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10188-1 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00313-5 Nature, Published online: 02 February 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00313-5

Social media can help to raise awareness of health conditions — but the wealth of dubious information online might do more harm than good.]]> Helen Pearson doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00313-5 Nature, Published online: 2026-02-02; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00313-5 2026-02-02 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00313-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00313-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00223-6 Nature, Published online: 02 February 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00223-6

Aletheia-Probe provides a one-stop shop to help you assess whether journals and conferences are trustworthy or predatory.]]> Matthew Hutson doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00223-6 Nature, Published online: 2026-02-02; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00223-6 2026-02-02 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00223-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00223-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10184-5 Nature, Published online: 30 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10184-5

Publisher Correction: A domed pachycephalosaur from the early Cretaceous of Mongolia]]> Tsogtbaatar ChinzorigRyuji TakasakiJunki YoshidaRyan T. TuckerBatsaikhan BuyantegshBuuvei MainbayarKhishigjav TsogtbaatarLindsay E. Zanno doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10184-5 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-30; | doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10184-5 2026-01-30 Nature 10.1038/s41586-026-10184-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10184-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10185-4 Nature, Published online: 30 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10185-4

Publisher Correction: Nanotyrannus and Tyrannosaurus coexisted at the close of the Cretaceous]]> Nanotyrannus and Tyrannosaurus coexisted at the close of the Cretaceous]]> Lindsay E. ZannoJames G. Napoli doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10185-4 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-30; | doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10185-4 2026-01-30 Nature 10.1038/s41586-026-10185-4 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10185-4 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00276-7 Nature, Published online: 30 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00276-7

The six-year results from the Dark Energy Survey highlight unresolved tensions in standard cosmological theory.]]> doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00276-7 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-30; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00276-7 2026-01-30 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00276-7 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00276-7 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00322-4 Nature, Published online: 30 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00322-4

Nature staff discuss some of the week’s top science news.]]> Benjamin ThompsonNick Petrić Howe doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00322-4 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-30; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00322-4 2026-01-30 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00322-4 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00322-4 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00275-8 Nature, Published online: 30 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00275-8

Engineered Escherichia coli could open the door to more sustainable routes to new drugs and other chemicals.]]> doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00275-8 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-30; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00275-8 2026-01-30 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00275-8 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00275-8 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00327-z Nature, Published online: 30 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00327-z

Six-fingered appendage can detach, crawl and manipulate objects]]> Dan Fox doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00327-z Nature, Published online: 2026-01-30; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00327-z 2026-01-30 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00327-z https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00327-z https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00154-2 Nature, Published online: 30 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00154-2

Religious faith is a fundamental part of many academics’ identities, but some are nervous of talking about it at work.]]> Adam Levy doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00154-2 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-30; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00154-2 2026-01-30 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00154-2 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00154-2 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00302-8 Nature, Published online: 30 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00302-8

Hackathons using AlphaGenome and other AI models are hunting down the genetic causes of devastating conditions that have evaded diagnosis.]]> Ewen Callaway doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00302-8 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-30; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00302-8 2026-01-30 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00302-8 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00302-8 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00274-9 Nature, Published online: 30 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00274-9

Semiconductor chips that process light rather than electricity could boost processing speeds and reduce energy use.]]> Mohana Basu doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00274-9 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-30; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00274-9 2026-01-30 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00274-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00274-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10024-y Nature, Published online: 29 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10024-y

Author Correction: Hunter-gatherer sea voyages extended to remotest Mediterranean islands]]> Eleanor M. L. ScerriJames BlinkhornHuw S. GroucuttMathew StewartIan CandyEthel AlluéAitor Burguet-CocaAndrés CurrásW. Christopher CarletonSusanne LindauerRobert SpenglerKseniia BoxleitnerGillian AsciakMargherita ColucciRitienne GauciAmy HattonJohanna KutowskyAndreas MaierMario Mata-GonzálezNicolette MifsudKhady NiangPatrick RobertsJoshua de GiorgioRochelle XerriNicholas C. Vella doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10024-y Nature, Published online: 2026-01-29; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10024-y 2026-01-29 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10024-y https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10024-y https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00300-w Nature, Published online: 29 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00300-w

Understanding the genetic controls of ageing could lead to more therapies that forestall it.]]> Max Kozlov doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00300-w Nature, Published online: 2026-01-29; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00300-w 2026-01-29 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00300-w https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00300-w https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00277-6 Nature, Published online: 29 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00277-6

Field pennycress could become a valuable winter crop, with benefits for both carbon storage and farm profitability.]]> doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00277-6 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-29; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00277-6 2026-01-29 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00277-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00277-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10047-5 Nature, Published online: 29 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10047-5

Risk associated with genetically defined forms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can propagate by means of transcriptional regulation to affect convergently dysregulated pathways, providing insight into the convergent impact of ASD genetic risk on human neurodevelopment.]]> Aaron GordonSe-Jin YoonLucy K. BicksJacqueline M. MartínGreta PintacudaStephanie ArteagaBrie WamsleyQiuyu GuoLubayna ElahiRicardo E. DolmetschJonathan A. BernsteinRuth O’HaraJoachim F. HallmayerKasper LageSergiu P. PascaDaniel H. Geschwind doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10047-5 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-29; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10047-5 2026-01-29 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10047-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10047-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00301-9 Nature, Published online: 29 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00301-9

De-synchronized electrical activity marks the loss of awareness.]]> Liam Drew doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00301-9 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-29; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00301-9 2026-01-29 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00301-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00301-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00229-0 Nature, Published online: 29 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00229-0

The preprint repository’s requirement could boost the use of large language models to translate scientific texts.]]> Nicola Jones doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00229-0 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-29; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00229-0 2026-01-29 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00229-0 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00229-0 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00240-5 Nature, Published online: 29 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00240-5

An open-source program helps researchers bypass a major bottleneck in the process chemical synthesis.]]> Andy Extance doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00240-5 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-29; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00240-5 2026-01-29 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00240-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00240-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00319-z Nature, Published online: 29 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00319-z

Vagus nerve signalling causes damaging post-heart-attack inflammation. Plus, why birds decorate their nests with ‘tails’ and the health benefits of forest bathing.]]> Jacob Smith doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00319-z Nature, Published online: 2026-01-29; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00319-z 2026-01-29 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00319-z https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00319-z https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00239-y Nature, Published online: 29 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00239-y

The external, artificial-lung system could be used to treat other people who are critically unwell and awaiting transplants.]]> Rachel Fieldhouse doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00239-y Nature, Published online: 2026-01-29; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00239-y 2026-01-29 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00239-y https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00239-y https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-04162-6 Nature, Published online: 29 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-025-04162-6

Despite attempts by many universities to modernize their policies on working conditions and misconduct, the academic system has pushed back. Here’s how to ensure lasting change.]]> Ferhan G. SağınRobert A. Harris doi:10.1038/d41586-025-04162-6 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-29; | doi:10.1038/d41586-025-04162-6 2026-01-29 Nature 10.1038/d41586-025-04162-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-04162-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-04146-6 Nature, Published online: 29 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-025-04146-6

Online discussions can catch errors or fraud in articles that can be missed in peer review.]]> Rachel Fieldhouse doi:10.1038/d41586-025-04146-6 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-29; | doi:10.1038/d41586-025-04146-6 2026-01-29 Nature 10.1038/d41586-025-04146-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-04146-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00103-z Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00103-z

Better air quality, disease diagnostics and treatment will improve lung health.]]> Herb Brody doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00103-z Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00103-z 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00103-z https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00103-z https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00282-9 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00282-9

Why going the extra mile might make you feel good — plus, how extreme weather events could increase the burden of malaria in Africa.]]> Benjamin ThompsonNick Petrić Howe doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00282-9 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00282-9 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00282-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00282-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00273-w Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00273-w

New data are revealing the benefits of exercising little and often.]]> Nick Petrić HoweElizabeth Gibney doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00273-w Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00273-w 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00273-w https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00273-w https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10015-z Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10015-z

Projected impacts of climate change on malaria burden in Africa by 2050 highlight the urgent need for climate-resilient malaria control strategies and robust emergency response systems to safeguard progress towards malaria eradication.]]> Tasmin L. SymonsAlexander MoranAnn BalzaroloCamilo VargasMairi RobertsonJailos LubindaAdam SaddlerMichael McPhailJoseph HarrisJennifer RozierAnnie BrownePunam AmratiaAmelia Bertozzi-VillaSamir BhattEwan CameronNick GoldingDavid L. SmithAbdisalan M. NoorSusan F. RumishaMatthew D. PalmerDaniel J. WeissNaomi DesaiDavid PotereNicholas SukitschWendy WoodsPeter W. Gething doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10015-z Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10015-z 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10015-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10015-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10034-w Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10034-w

Amplification and optimal noise filtering in hyperpolarized noble-gas spins of observations from distributed intercity quantum sensors monitoring for unexpected transient rotations of polarized spins set parameter range constraints in the search for axion dark matter.]]> Yuanhong WangYing HuangXiang KangDangui ChangJiaxuan XuYifan ChenSzymon PustelnyWenqiang ZhengMin JiangXinhua PengJiangfeng Du doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10034-w Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10034-w 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10034-w https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10034-w https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09977-x Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09977-x

The existence of a long-lived, prethermal regime in many-body systems with tunable heating rates, driven by structured random protocols, is observed using a 78-qubit superconducting quantum processor.]]> Zheng-He LiuYu LiuGui-Han LiangCheng-Lin DengKeyang ChenYun-Hao ShiTian-Ming LiLv ZhangBing-Jie ChenCai-Ping FangDa’er FengXu-Yang GuYang HeKaixuan HuangHao LiHao-Tian LiuLi LiZheng-Yang MeiZhen-Yu PengJia-Cheng SongMing-Chuan WangShuai-Li WangZiting WangYongxi XiaoMinke XuYue-Shan XuYu YanYi-Han YuWei-Ping YuanJia-Chi ZhangJun-Jie ZhaoKui ZhaoSi-Yun ZhouZheng-An WangXiaohui SongYe TianFlorian MintertJohannes KnolleRoderich MoessnerYu-Ran ZhangPan ZhangZhongcheng XiangDongning ZhengKai XuHongzheng ZhaoHeng Fan doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09977-x Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09977-x 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09977-x https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09977-x https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10041-x Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10041-x

Emu3 enables large-scale text, image and video learning based solely on next-token prediction, matching the generation and perception performance of task-specific methods, with implications for the development of scalable and unified multimodal intelligence systems.]]> Xinlong WangYufeng CuiJinsheng WangFan ZhangYueze WangXiaosong ZhangZhengxiong LuoQuan SunZhen LiYuqi WangQiying YuYingli ZhaoYulong AoXuebin MinChunlei MenBoya WuBo ZhaoBowen ZhangLiangdong WangGuang LiuZheqi HeXi YangJingjing LiuYonghua LinZhongyuan WangTiejun Huang doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10041-x Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10041-x 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10041-x https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10041-x https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10027-9 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10027-9

Using a wafer-scale monolayer 2D MoS2 process instead of conventional silicon-based devices to manufacture components of spaceborne communication systems demonstrates radiation tolerance, low bit error rate and long-term stability, even under much harsher radiation environments.]]> Liyuan ZhuYang YangXiangqi DongXiaojian WuXiaoxu XieHangyu QiuXiang LiuHao YingWenzhong BaoXiaolei SunQiang ZhaoShunli MaPeng Zhou doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10027-9 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10027-9 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10027-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10027-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09857-4 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09857-4

A quantitative framework for atomic electron tomography enables reliable determination of three-dimensional (3D) atomic coordinates and elemental identities in amorphous materials.]]> Yuxuan LiaoHaozhi ShaColum M. O’LearyHanfeng ZhongYao YangJianwei Miao doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09857-4 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09857-4 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09857-4 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09857-4 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09984-y Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09984-y

Muscularis macrophages, housekeepers of enteric nervous system integrity and intestinal homeostasis, modulate α-synuclein pathology and neurodegeneration in models of Parkinson’s disease, and understanding the accompanying mechanisms could pave the way for early-stage biomarkers.]]> Sebastiaan De SchepperViktoras KonstantellosJames A. ConwayDimitra SokolovaLudovica ZaccagniniMatthew V. CowleyAnnerieke SierksmaMaria YudinaMarisa EdmondsDaria GavriouchkinaBethany GearyAmber WallisMeral CelikagZeynep BaykamMónica Vara-PérezGerard CrowleyFabian Tobias HagerMitchell BijnenDavid PosnerKelvin LukVuk CerovicMenna ClatworthyElizabeth J. VidelockZane JaunmuktaneKiavash MovahediMelanie GreterBenny ChainDario R. AlessiSoyon HongTim Bartels doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09984-y Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09984-y 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09984-y https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09984-y https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10046-6 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10046-6

In the nucleus accumbens, acetylcholine boosts dopamine release to promote effortful behaviour.]]> Gavin C. TouponseMatthew B. PomrenzeTeema YassineNicholas DenommeMay WangViraj MehtaZihui ZhangRobert C. MalenkaNeir Eshel doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10046-6 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10046-6 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10046-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10046-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09777-3 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09777-3

Optical control of integer and fractional Chern insulators is demonstrated by circularly polarized optical pumping in tMoTe2.]]> William HoltzmannWeijie LiEric AndersonJiaqi CaiHeonjoon ParkChaowei HuTakashi TaniguchiKenji WatanabeJiun-Haw ChuDi XiaoTing CaoXiaodong Xu doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09777-3 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09777-3 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09777-3 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09777-3 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10001-5 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10001-5

In a mouse model, environmental immunostimulation in early life led to cross-reactive adaptive immune memory and reduced type II immune responses to allergens, indicating a mechanistic relationship between environmental antigen exposure and subsequent allergy.]]> S. EricksonB. LauringJ. CullenR. Medzhitov doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10001-5 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10001-5 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10001-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10001-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10020-2 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10020-2

Population-scale WGS reveals genetic determinants of persistent EBV DNA, linking immune regulation—especially antigen processing and MHC class II variation—to EBV persistence and heterogeneous disease associations.]]> Sherry S. NyeoErin M. CummingOliver S. BurrenMeghana S. PagadalaJacob C. GutierrezThahmina A. AliLaura C. KidaYifan ChenHoyin ChuFengyuan HuXueqing Zoe ZouBenjamin HollisMargarete A. FabreStewart MacArthurQuanli WangLeif S. LudwigKushal K. DeySlavé PetrovskiRyan S. DhindsaCaleb A. Lareau doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10020-2 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10020-2 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10020-2 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10020-2 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09991-z Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09991-z

A wide survey of pesticide effects on soil biodiversity across 373 sites in Europe reveals that pesticide residues occur in 70% of sites and have major effects on soil biodiversity and functional ecology.]]> J. KöningerM. LabouyrieC. BallabioO. DulyaV. MikryukovF. RomeroA. FrancoM. BahramP. PanagosA. JonesL. TedersooA. OrgiazziM. J. I. BrionesM. G. A. van der Heijden doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09991-z Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09991-z 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09991-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09991-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10025-x Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10025-x

Lasing with multi-pass gain is achieved in a diamond-based X-ray cavity at the European XFEL, opening a path to next-generation X-ray science.]]> Patrick RauerImmo BahnsBertram FriedrichSara CasalbuoniMassimiliano Di FeliceMartin DommachIdoia Freijo MartinWolfgang FreundJan GrünertMarc GuetgIvars KarpicsSuren KarabekyanAndreas KochNaresh KujalaDaniele La CivitaJia LiuTheophilos MaltezopoulosMikako MakitaFrank MayetLukas MüllerBenoit RioLiubov SamoylovaSilja SchmidtchenMatthias ScholzAlessandro SilenziVivienne StrauchDaniel ThodenTorsten WohlenbergMaurizio VannoniFan YangWinfried DeckingJoerg RossbachHarald Sinn doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10025-x Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10025-x 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10025-x https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10025-x https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10049-3 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10049-3

Tunable moiré WSe2 bilayers realize Hubbard-model physics, exhibiting antiferromagnetism, strange metals and superconducting domes, offering a controllable platform to study high-transition-temperature superconductivity.]]> 2]]> Yiyu XiaZhongdong HanJiacheng ZhuYichi ZhangPatrick KnüppelKenji WatanabeTakashi TaniguchiKin Fai MakJie Shan doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10049-3 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10049-3 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10049-3 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10049-3 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10037-7 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10037-7

Human genetic loci that associate with composition of the oral microbiome are identified using saliva-derived DNA, where the same host genetics also shapes oral health and genetic variation in oral bacteria.]]> Nolan KamitakiRobert E. HandsakerMargaux L. A. HujoelRonen E. MukamelChristina L. UsherSteven A. McCarrollPo-Ru Loh doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10037-7 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10037-7 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10037-7 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10037-7 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09999-5 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09999-5

The nuclear clock transition of 229mTh in 229Th:CaF2 crystals is characterized as a function of doping concentration, temperature and time, demonstrating high reproducibility and identifying ideal operating characteristics of these crystals as nuclear clocks.]]> Tian OoiJack F. DoyleChuankun ZhangJacob S. HigginsJun YeKjeld BeeksTomas SikorskyThorsten Schumm doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09999-5 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09999-5 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09999-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09999-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10011-3 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10011-3

PCNA–PAF15 has a key role in determining replisome dynamics during genome replication and protecting against genome instability.]]> Gita ChhetriSugith Babu BaduguNarcis-Adrian PetrimanMikkel Bo PetersenAylin Seren GüllerNora FajriManon CouléeGanesha Pandian PitchaiJan NovotnýFrederik Tibert LarsenAndreas Fønss MøllerMorten Frendø EbbesenTina RavnsborgAnoop Kumar YadavBarath BalarasaAnita LundingHana Polasek-SedlackovaOle N. JensenKim RavnskjaerJonathan R. BrewerJesper Grud Skat MadsenNataliya PetrykJens S. AndersenKumar Somyajit doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10011-3 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10011-3 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10011-3 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10011-3 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10030-0 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10030-0

The Huayuan biota exhibits extraordinary biodiversity, illuminating the impact of the Phanerozoic mass extinction around 513 million years ago and offering critical insights into the transformation of global ecosystems in the early Cambrian.]]> Han ZengQi LiuFangchen ZhaoCui LuoDezhi WangYuyan ZhuYao LiuKai ChenZhixin SunYanjie HongLanyun MiaoChunlin HuHaijing SunBing PanJialin ZhaoZongjun YinGuoxiang LiXinglian YangAihua YangShixue HuMaoyan Zhu doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10030-0 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10030-0 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10030-0 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10030-0 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09973-1 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09973-1

Discovery of a protocluster at z = 5.68, merely one billion years after the Big Bang, suggests that large-scale structure must have formed more rapidly in some regions of the early universe than previously thought.]]> z ≈ 5.7 reveals rapid structure growth]]> Ákos BogdánGerrit SchellenbergerQiong LiChristopher J. Conselice doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09973-1 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09973-1 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09973-1 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09973-1 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09959-z Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09959-z

An integrated optical parametric amplifier on thin-film lithium niobate achieves more than 17 dB gain with less than 200 mW input power.]]> Devin J. DeanTaewon ParkHubert S. StokowskiLuke QiSam RobisonAlexander Y. HwangJason F. HerrmannMartin M. FejerAmir H. Safavi-Naeini doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09959-z Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09959-z 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09959-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09959-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10070-6 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10070-6

A Gifsy-1 prophage–encoded higher eukaryotes and prokaryotes nucleotide-binding protein, HepS, senses Siphoviridae infection, activates abortive defence by cleaving host transfer RNAs, blocks rival phages and avoids self-targeting via tail-tip variation.]]> Molly R. SargenSadie P. AntineGrzegorz J. GrabeGabriella AntonellisAdelyn E. RagucciYao LiPhilip J. KranzuschSophie Helaine doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10070-6 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10070-6 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10070-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10070-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10023-z Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10023-z

The cytoplasm can be partitioned into distinct compartments by microtubule structures, which can be stabilized by distinct mechanisms in different species.]]> Melissa RinaldinAlison KickuthAdam LamsonBenjamin DaltonYitong XuPavel MejstříkStefano Di TaliaJan Brugués doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10023-z Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10023-z 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10023-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10023-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10014-0 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10014-0

AlphaGenome, a deep learning model that inputs 1-Mb DNA sequence to predict functional genomic tracks at single-base resolution across diverse modalities, outperforms existing models in variant effect prediction and enables comprehensive genomic analysis.]]> Žiga AvsecNatasha LatyshevaJun ChengGuido NovatiKyle R. TaylorTom WardClare BycroftLauren NicolaisenEirini ArvanitiJoshua PanRaina ThomasVincent DutordoirMatteo PerinoSoham DeAlexander KarollusAdam GayosoToby SargeantAnne MottramLai Hong WongPavol DrotárAdam KosiorekAndrew SeniorRichard TanburnTaylor ApplebaumSouradeep BasuDemis HassabisPushmeet Kohli doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10014-0 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10014-0 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10014-0 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10014-0 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10035-9 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10035-9

A cavity-array microscope is realized using intra-cavity lenses to create a two-dimensional array of over 40 modes, each coupled to a single atom in free-space.]]> Adam L. ShawAnna SoperDanial ShadmanyAishwarya KumarLukas PalmDa-Yeon KohVassilios KaxirasLavanya TanejaMatt JaffeDavid I. SchusterJonathan Simon doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10035-9 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10035-9 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10035-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10035-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10054-6 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10054-6

A large cross-population atlas of gene–environment interactions reveals how age, sex and lifestyle shape genetic effects, heritability, prediction accuracy and disease biology, with implications for personalized medicine and drug development.]]> Shinichi NambaKyuto SoneharaYuriko N. KoyanagiTakezo KikuchiTakafumi OjimaRyuya EdahiroGo SatoTaiki YamajiYoshihiko TomofujiHiroyuki UedaKenichi YamamotoYosuke OgawaKen SuzukiAkinori KanaiShinichi HigashiueShuzo KobayashiHiroki YamaguchiYasunobu NagataYasushi OkazakiNaoyuki MatsumotoKenta MotomuraHidenobu KogaAsahi HishidaHiroaki IkezakiMegumi HaraMako NagayoshiIsao OzeShiori NakanoYoshiya OdaYutaka SuzukiMotoki IwasakiNorie SawadaKeitaro MatsuoTakayuki MorisakiToshimasa YamauchiTakashi KadowakiKoichi MatsudaYukinori Okada doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10054-6 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10054-6 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10054-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10054-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10007-z Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10007-z

The fluorooxoborate crystal NH4B4O6F shows promise as a nonlinear optical material for vacuum ultraviolet light sources through second-harmonic generation, demonstrating record output energy and efficiency resulting from optimized arrangements of fluorine-based units creating asymmetric sublattices.]]> 4B₄O₆F crystal]]> Fangfang ZhangZilong ChenChen CuiZhihua YangMiriding MutailipuFuming LiXueling HouXifa LongShilie Pan doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10007-z Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10007-z 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10007-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10007-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10061-7 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10061-7

Psychedelics and their non-hallucinogenic analogues were compared, revealing that serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR)-mediated Gi signalling is essential for hallucinogenic effect, with the functional mechanisms underlying this providing insights for designing therapeutic drugs without hallucinogenic effects.]]> 2A receptor-mediated G_i signalling]]> Zheng XuHongshuang WangJingjing YuYue DengXiaowen TianRongjun NiFan XiaLingyi YangChanjuan XuLiting ZhangRenxuan LuoPeipei ChenXiaoyu ZhangYuxuan LiuJingyu HouMiyuan ZhangShasha ChenLantian SuHui SunYixiao HeDandan ChenXiaoting ChenZhuang MiaoJie XieXinlei LiuJie ZhaoBowen KeXiaohe TianLinan ZengLingli ZhangXiangdong TangShengyong YangJianfeng LiuXiaohui WangWei YanZhenhua Shao doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10061-7 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10061-7 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10061-7 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10061-7 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09924-w Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09924-w

A simulation approach is used to ascertain the limitations on the structural and chemical information that atomic-resolution electron tomography can determine from noisy electron images.]]> Robert BuschPeter RezMichael M. J. TreacyJian-Min Zuo doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09924-w Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09924-w 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09924-w https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09924-w https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10033-x Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10033-x

A strategy compatible with a broad range of materials by precisely manipulating optofluidic interactions within a confined 3D space to control the assembly of colloidal microparticles/nanoparticles is demonstrated, enabling the precise manufacture of complex microstructures/nanostructures.]]> Xianglong LyuWenhai LeiGaurav GardiMuhammad Turab Ali KhanShervin BagheriMingchao ZhangMetin Sitti doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10033-x Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10033-x 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10033-x https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10033-x https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10019-9 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10019-9

CrPS4, a 2D van der Waals A-type antiferromagnet, is shown to exhibit ideal characteristics of Stoner–Wohlfarth antiferromagnets, such as ferromagnet-like binary switching rather than layer-by-layer flipping as in other 2D A-type antiferromagnets.]]> Zhanshan WangYining XiangRuohan ChenZeyuan SunCanyu HongXinyu ChenJingjing GaoShuang WuZhongxun GuoYi ChenQixi MiZhongkai LiuShaohua YanHechang LeiWei RuanYuanbo ZhangWeichao YuWei-Tao LiuZhe YuanShiwei Wu doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10019-9 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10019-9 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10019-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10019-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09976-y Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09976-y

The Ocean Equity Index provides a systematic, twelve-criteria framework to assess and improve equity in ocean initiatives, projects and policies, producing structured data that guide evidence-based decisions and support more equitable outcomes for coastal communities and ecosystems.]]> Jessica L. BlytheJoachim ClaudetDavid GillNatalie C. BanGraham EpsteinGeorgina G. GurneyStacy D. JupiterShauna L. MahajanSangeeta MangubhaiRachel TurnerNathan J. BennettStéphanie D’AgataPhil FranksJacqueline LauGabby AhmadiaMark AndrachukPavanee AnnasawmyVictor BrunEmily S. DarlingAntonio Di FrancoLouisa EvansNatali LazzariJosheena NaggeaVeronica RelanoMaria C. PertuzSebastian VillasanteNoelia Zafra-Calvo doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09976-y Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09976-y 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09976-y https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09976-y https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09931-x Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09931-x

A flexible digital artificial intelligence chip with a compute-in-memory architecture is fabricated using a commercial low-temperature polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistor process and shows high accuracy in human daily activity monitoring using multimodal physiological signals.]]> Anzhi YanJianlan YanPenghui ShenYihan FuEnyi ZhangJingkai SongQinghang ZhangZiqi HeXin LiZecheng PanDing LiYu DongXiaowei XuFeng QiTianqi ShaoBonan YanYi YangHoufang LiuTian-Ling Ren doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09931-x Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09931-x 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09931-x https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09931-x https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09851-w Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09851-w

Optical spin orientation of itinerant ferromagnets in twisted MoTe2 homobilayers is demonstrated, enabling control of topological Chern numbers with circularly polarized light.]]> O. HuberK. KuhlbrodtE. AndersonW. LiK. WatanabeT. TaniguchiM. KronerX. XuA. ImamoğluT. Smoleński doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09851-w Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09851-w 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09851-w https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09851-w https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10017-x Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10017-x

Kinematic measurements of the Perseus galaxy cluster reveal two drivers of gas motions: a small-scale driver in the inner core associated with black-hole feedback and a large-scale driver in the outer core powered by mergers.]]> Marc AudardHisamitsu AwakiRalf BallhausenAya BambaEhud BeharRozenn Boissay-MalaquinLaura BrennemanGregory V. BrownLia CorralesElisa CostantiniRenata CumbeeMaría Díaz TrigoChris DoneTadayasu DotaniKen EbisawaMegan E. EckartDominique EckertSatoshi EguchiTeruaki EnotoYuichiro EzoeAdam FosterRyuichi FujimotoYutaka FujitaYasushi FukazawaKotaro FukushimaAkihiro FuruzawaLuigi GalloJavier A. GarcíaLiyi GuMatteo GuainazziKouichi HaginoKenji HamaguchiIsamu HatsukadeKatsuhiro HayashiTakayuki HayashiNatalie HellEdmund Hodges-KluckAnn HornschemeierYuto IchinoheDaiki IshiManabu IshidaKumi IshikawaYoshitaka IshisakiJelle KaastraTimothy KallmanErin KaraSatoru KatsudaYoshiaki KanemaruRichard KelleyCaroline KilbourneShunji KitamotoShogo KobayashiTakayoshi KohmuraAya KubotaMaurice LeuteneggerMichael LoewensteinYoshitomo MaedaMaxim MarkevitchHironori MatsumotoKyoko MatsushitaDan McCammonBrian McNamaraFrançois MernierEric D. MillerJon M. MillerIkuyuki MitsuishiMisaki MizumotoTsunefumi MizunoKoji MoriKoji MukaiHiroshi MurakamiRichard MushotzkyHiroshi NakajimaKazuhiro NakazawaJan-Uwe NessKumiko NobukawaMasayoshi NobukawaHirofumi NodaHirokazu OdakaShoji OgawaAnna OgorzalekTakashi OkajimaNaomi OtaStephane PaltaniRobert PetrePaul PlucinskyFrederick S. PorterKatja PottschmidtKosuke SatoToshiki SatoMakoto SawadaHiromi SetaMegumi ShidatsuAurora SimionescuRandall SmithHiromasa SuzukiAndrew SzymkowiakHiromitsu TakahashiMai TakeoToru TamagawaKeisuke TamuraTakaaki TanakaAtsushi TanimotoMakoto TashiroYukikatsu TeradaYuichi TerashimaYohko TsuboiMasahiro TsujimotoHiroshi TsunemiTakeshi G. TsuruAyşegül TümerHiroyuki UchidaNagomi UchidaYuusuke UchidaHideki UchiyamaYoshihiro UedaShinichiro UnoJacco VinkShin WatanabeBrian J. WilliamsSatoshi YamadaShinya YamadaHiroya YamaguchiKazutaka YamaokaNoriko YamasakiMakoto YamauchiShigeo YamauchiTahir YaqoobTomokage YoneyamaTessei YoshidaMihoko YukitaIan DruryJulie Hlavacek-LarrondoJulian MeunierKostas MigkasLior SheflerPhillip C. StancilNhut TruongShutaro UedaBenjamin VigneronJohn ZuHoneCongyao ZhangAnnie HeinrichIrina ZhuravlevaElena Bellomi doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10017-x Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10017-x 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10017-x https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10017-x https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10069-z Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10069-z

A cortical premotor network in HVC, once initiated, can sustain and regulate the sequential production of zebra finch song syllables without major extrinsic inputs.]]> Massimo TruselJunfeng ZuoDanyal H. AlamEthan S. MarksTherese M. I. KochJie CaoHarshida PancholiZiran ZhaoBrenton G. CooperWen-Hao ZhangTodd F. Roberts doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10069-z Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10069-z 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10069-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10069-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09962-4 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09962-4

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.]]> Long PhanAlice GattiNathaniel LiAdam KhojaRyan KimRichard RenJason HausenloyOliver ZhangMantas MazeikaDan HendrycksZiwen HanJosephina HuHugh ZhangChen Bo Calvin ZhangMohamed ShaabanJohn LingSean ShiMichael ChoiAnish AgrawalArnav ChopraAakaash NattanmaiGordon McKellipsAnish CherakuAsim SuhailEthan LuoMarvin DengJason LuoAshley ZhangKavin JindelJay PaekKasper HalevyAllen BaranovMichael LiuAdvaith AvadhanamDavid ZhangVincent ChengBrad MaEvan FuLiam DoJoshua LassHubert YangSurya SunkariVishruth BharathViolet AiJames LeungRishit AgrawalAlan ZhouKevin ChenTejas KalpathiZiqi XuGavin WangTyler XiaoErik MaungSam LeeRyan YangRoy YueBen ZhaoJulia YoonXiangwan SunAryan SinghClark PengTyler OsbeyTaozhi WangDaryl EcheazuTimothy WuSpandan PatelVidhi KulkarniVijaykaarti SundarapandiyanAndrew LeZafir NasimSrikar YalamRitesh KasamsettySoham SamalDavid SunNihar ShahAbhijeet SahaAlex ZhangLeon NguyenLaasya NagumalliKaixin WangAidan WuAnwith TelluriSummer YueAlexandr WangDmitry DodonovTung NguyenJaeho LeeDaron AndersonMikhail DoroshenkoAlun Cennyth StokesMobeen MahmoodOleksandr PokutnyiOleg IskraJessica P. WangJohn-Clark LevinMstyslav KazakovFiona FengSteven Y. FengHaoran ZhaoMichael YuVarun GangalChelsea ZouZihan WangSerguei PopovRobert GerbiczGeoff GalgonJohannes SchmittWill YeadonYongki LeeScott SauersAlvaro SanchezFabian GiskaMarc RothSøren RiisSaiteja UtpalaNoah BurnsGashaw M. GoshuMohinder Maheshbhai NaiyaChidozie AguZachary GiboneyAntrell CheatomFrancesco Fournier-FacioSarah-Jane CrowsonLennart FinkeZerui ChengJennifer ZampeseRyan G. HoerrMark NandorHyunwoo ParkTim GehrungerJiaqi CaiBen McCartyAlexis C. GarretsonEdwin TaylorDamien SileoQiuyu RenUsman QaziLianghui LiJungbae NamJohn B. WydallisPavel ArkhipovJack Wei Lun ShiAras BachoChris G. WillcocksHangrui CaoSumeet MotwaniEmily de Oliveira SantosJohannes VeithEdward VendrowDoru CojocKengo ZenitaniJoshua RobinsonLongke TangYuqi LiJoshua VendrowNatanael Wildner FragaVladyslav KuchkinAndrey Pupasov MaksimovPierre MarionDenis EfremovJayson LynchKaiqu LiangAleksandar MikovAndrew GritsevskiyJulien GuillodGözdenur DemirDakotah MartinezBen PagelerKevin ZhouSaeed SooriOri PressHenry TangPaolo RissoneSean R. GreenLina BrüsselMoon TwayanaAymeric DieuleveutJoseph Marvin ImperialAmeya PrabhuJinzhou YangNick CrispinoArun RaoDimitri ZvonkineGabriel LoiseauMikhail KalininMarco LukasCiprian ManolescuNate StambaughSubrata MishraTad HoggCarlo BosioBrian P. CoppolaJulian SalazarJaehyeok JinRafael SayousStefan IvanovPhilippe SchwallerShaipranesh SenthilkumarAndres M. BranAndres AlgabaKelsey Van den HouteLynn Van Der SyptBrecht VerbekenDavid NoeverAlexei KopylovBenjamin MyklebustBikun LiLisa SchutEvgenii ZheltonozhskiiQiaochu YuanDerek LimRichard StanleyTong YangJohn MaarJulian WykowskiMart OllerAnmol SahuCesare Giulio ArditoYuzheng HuAriel Ghislain Kemogne KamdoumAlvin JinTobias Garcia VilchisYuexuan ZuMartin LacknerJames KoppelGongbo SunDaniil S. AntonenkoSteffi ChernBingchen ZhaoPierrot ArseneJoseph M. CavanaghDaofeng LiJiawei ShenDonato CrisostomiWenjin ZhangAli DehghanSergey IvanovDavid PerrellaNurdin KaparovAllen ZangIlia SucholutskyArina KharlamovaDaniil OrelVladislav PoritskiShalev Ben-DavidZachary BergerParker WhitfillMichael FosterDaniel MunroLinh HoShankar SivarajanDan Bar HavaAleksey KuchkinDavid HolmesAlexandra Rodriguez-RomeroFrank SommerhageAnji ZhangRichard MoatKeith SchneiderZakayo KazibweDon ClarkeDae Hyun KimFelipe Meneguitti DiasSara FishVeit ElserTobias KreimanVictor Efren Guadarrama VilchisImmo KloseUjjwala AnantheswaranAdam ZweigerKaivalya RawalJeffery LiJeremy NguyenNicolas DaansHaline HeidingerMaksim RadionovVáclav RozhoňVincent GinisChristian StumpNiv CohenRafał PoświataJosef TkadlecAlan GoldfarbChenguang WangPiotr PadlewskiStanislaw BarzowskiKyle MontgomeryRyan StendallJamie Tucker-FoltzJack StadeT. Ryan RogersTom GoertzenDeclan GrabbAbhishek ShuklaAlan GivréJohn Arnold AmbayArchan SenMuhammad Fayez AzizMark H. InlowHao HeLing ZhangYounesse KaddarIvar ÄngquistYanxu ChenHarrison K. WangKalyan RamakrishnanElliott ThornleyAntonio TerpinHailey SchoelkopfEric ZhengAvishy CarmiEthan D. L. BrownKelin ZhuMax BartoloRichard WheelerMartin StehbergerPeter BradshawJP HeimonenKaustubh SridharIdo AkovJennifer SandlinYury MakarychevJoanna TamHieu HoangDavid M. CunninghamVladimir GoryachevDemosthenes PatramanisMichael KrauseAndrew RedentiDavid AldousJesyin LaiShannon ColemanJiangnan XuSangwon LeeIlias MagoulasSandy ZhaoNing TangMichael K. CohenOrr ParadiseJan Hendrik KirchnerMaksym OvchynnikovJason O. MatosAdithya ShenoyMichael WangYuzhou NieAnna Sztyber-BetleyPaolo FaraboschiRobin RibletJonathan CrozierShiv HalasyamaniShreyas VermaPrashant JoshiEli MerilZiqiao MaJérémy AndréolettiRaghav SinghalJacob PlatnickVolodymyr NevirkovetsLuke BaslerAlexander IvanovSeri KhouryNils GustafssonMarco PiccardoHamid MostaghimiQijia ChenVirendra SinghTran Quoc KhánhPaul RosuHannah SzlykZachary BrownHimanshu NarayanAline MenezesJonathan RobertsWilliam AlleyKunyang SunArkil PatelMax LamparthAnka ReuelLinwei XinHanmeng XuJacob LoaderFreddie MartinZixuan WangAndrea AchilleosThomas PreuTomek KorbakIda BosioFereshteh KazemiZiye ChenBiró BálintEve J. Y. LoJiaqi WangMaria Inês S. NunesJeremiah MilbauerM. Saiful BariZihao WangBehzad AnsarinejadYewen SunStephane DurandHossam ElgnainyGuillaume DouvilleDaniel TorderaGeorge BalabanianHew WolffLynna KvistadHsiaoyun MillironAhmad SakorMurat EronD. O. Andrew FavreShailesh ShahXiaoxiang ZhouFiruz KamalovSherwin AbdoliTim SantensShaul BarkanAllison TeeRobin ZhangAlessandro TomasielloG. Bruno De LucaShi-Zhuo LooiVinh-Kha LeNoam KoltJiayi PanEmma RodmanJacob DroriCarl J. FossumNiklas MuennighoffMilind JagotaRonak PradeepHonglu FanJonathan EicherMichael ChenKushal ThamanWilliam MerrillMoritz FirschingCarter HarrisStefan CiobâcăJason GrossRohan PandeyIlya GusevAdam JonesShashank AgnihotriPavel ZhelnovMohammadreza MofayeziAlexander PiperskiDavid K. ZhangKostiantyn DobarskyiRoman LeventovIgnat SorokoJoshua DuerschVage TaamazyanAndrew HoWenjie MaWilliam HeldRuicheng XianArmel Randy ZebazeMohanad MohamedJulian Noah LeserMichelle X. YuanLaila YacarJohannes LenglerKatarzyna OlszewskaClaudio Di FrattaEdson OliveiraJoseph W. JacksonAndy ZouMuthu ChidambaramTimothy ManikHector HaffendenDashiell StanderAli DasouqiAlexander ShenBita GolshaniDavid StapEgor KretovMikalai UzhouAlina Borisovna ZhidkovskayaNick WinterMiguel Orbegozo RodriguezRobert LauffDustin WehrColin TangZaki HossainShaun PhillipsFortuna SamueleFredrik EkströmAngela HammonOam PatelFaraz FarhidiGeorge MedleyForough MohammadzadehMadellene PeñaflorHaile KassahunAlena FriedrichRayner Hernandez PerezDaniel PydaTaom SakalOmkar DhamaneAli Khajegili MirabadiEric HallmanKenchi OkutsuMike BattagliaMohammad MaghsoudimehrabaniAlon AmitDave HulbertRoberto PereiraSimon WeberHandokoAnton PeristyyStephen MalinaMustafa MehkaryRami AlyFrank ReidegeldAnna-Katharina DickCary FridayMukhwinder SinghHassan ShapourianWanyoung KimMariana CostaHubeyb GurdoganHarsh KumarChiara CeconelloChao ZhuangHaon ParkMicah CarrollAndrew R. TawfeekStefan SteinerbergerDaattavya AggarwalMichael KirchhofLinjie DaiEvan KimJohan FerretJainam ShahYuzhou WangMinghao YanKrzysztof BurdzyLixin ZhangAntonio FrancaDiana T. PhamKang Yong LohJoshua RobinsonAbram JacksonPaolo GiordanoPhilipp PetersenAdrian CosmaJesus ColinoColin WhiteJacob VotavaVladimir VinnikovEthan DelaneyPetr SpeldaVit StriteckySyed M. ShahidJean-Christophe MourratLavr VetoshkinKoen SponseleeRenas BachoZheng-Xin YongFlorencia de la RosaNathan ChoXiuyu LiGuillaume MalodOrion WellerGuglielmo AlbaniLeon LangJulien LaurendeauDmitry KazakovFatimah AdesanyaJulien PortierLawrence HollomVictor SouzaYuchen Anna ZhouJulien DegorreYiğit YalnGbenga Daniel ObikoyaRai Michael PokornyFilippo BigiM. C. BoscáOleg ShumarKaniuar BachoGabriel RecchiaMara PopescuNikita ShulgaNgefor Mildred TanwieThomas C. H. LuxBen RankColin NiMatthew BrooksAlesia YakimchykHuanxu Quinn LiuStefano CavalleriOlle HäggströmEmil VerkamaJoshua NewbouldHans GundlachLeonor Brito-SantanaBrian AmaroVivek VajipeyRynaa GroverTing WangYosi KratishWen-Ding LiSivakanth GopiAndrea CaciolaiChristian Schroeder de WittPablo Hernández-CámaraEmanuele RodolàJules RobinsDominic WilliamsonBrad RaynorHao QiBen SegevJingxuan FanSarah MartinsonErik Y. WangKaylie HausknechtMichael P. BrennerMao MaoChristoph DemianPeyman KassaniXinyu ZhangDavid AvagianEshawn Jessica ScipioAlon RagolerJustin TanBlake SimsRebeka PlecnikAaron KirtlandOmer Faruk BodurD. P. ShindeYan Carlos Leyva LabradorZahra AdoulMohamed ZekryAli KarakocTania C. B. SantosSamir ShamseldeenLoukmane KarimAnna LiakhovitskaiaNate ResmanNicholas FarinaJuan Carlos GonzalezGabe MaayanEarth AndersonRodrigo De Oliveira PenaElizabeth KelleyHodjat MarijiRasoul PouriamaneshWentao WuRoss FinocchioIsmail AlarabJoshua ColeDanyelle FerreiraBryan JohnsonMohammad SafdariLiangti DaiSiriphan ArthornthurasukIsaac C. McAlisterAlejandro José MoyanoAlexey ProninJing FanAngel Ramirez-TrinidadYana MalyshevaDaphiny PottmaierOmid TaheriStanley StepanicSamuel PerryLuke AskewRaúl Adrián Huerta RodrguezAli M. R. MinissiRicardo LorenaKrishnamurthy IyerArshad Anil FasiludeenRonald ClarkJosh DuceyMatheus PizaMaja SomrakEric VergoJuehang QinBenjámin BorbásEric ChuJack LindseyAntoine JallonI. M. J. McInnisEvan ChenAvi SemlerLuk GloorTej ShahMarc CarauleanuPascal LauerTran Duc HuyHossein ShahrtashEmilien DucLukas LewarkAssaf BrownSamuel AlbanieBrian WeberWarren S. VazPierre ClavierYiyang FanGabriel Poesia Reis e SilvaLong Tony LianMarcus AbramovitchXi JiangSandra MendozaMurat IslamJuan GonzalezVasilios MavroudisJustin XuPawan KumarLaxman Prasad GoswamiDaniel BugasNasser HeydariFerenc JeanplongThorben JansenAntonella PintoArchimedes AprontiAbdallah GalalNg Ze-AnAnkit SinghTong JiangJoan of Arc XavierKanu Priya AgarwalMohammed BerkaniGang ZhangZhehang DuBenedito Alves de Oliveira JuniorDmitry MalishevNicolas RemyTaylor D. HartmanTim TarverStephen MensahGautier Abou LoumeWiktor MorakFarzad HabibiSarah HobackWill CaiJavier GimenezRoselynn Grace MontecilloJakub ŁuckiRussell CampbellAsankhaya SharmaKhalida MeerShreen GulDaniel Espinosa GonzalezXavier AlapontAlex HooverGunjan ChhablaniFreddie VargusArunim AgarwalYibo JiangDeepakkumar PatilDavid OutevskyKevin Joseph ScariaRajat MaheshwariAbdelkader DendanePriti ShuklaAshley CartwrightSergei BogdanovNiels MündlerSören MöllerLuca ArnaboldiKunvar ThamanMuhammad Rehan SiddiqiPrajvi SaxenaHimanshu GuptaTony FruhauffGlen ShermanMátyás VinczeSiranut UsawasutsakornDylan LerAnil RadhakrishnanInnocent EnyekweSk Md SalauddinJiang MuzhenAleksandr MaksapetyanVivien RossbachChris HarjadiMohsen BahaloohorehClaire SparrowJasdeep SidhuSam AliSong BianJohn LaiEric SingerJustine Leon UroGreg BatemanMohamed SayedAhmed MenshawyDarling DucloselDario BezziYashaswini JainAshley AaronMurat TiryakiogluSheeshram SiddhKeith KrenekImad Ali ShahJun JinScott CreightonDenis PeskoffZienab EL-WasifRagavendran P VMichael RichmondJoseph McGowanTejal PatwardhanHao-Yu SunTing SunNikola ZubićSamuele SalaStephen EbertJean KaddourManuel SchottdorfDianzhuo WangGerol PetruzellaAlex MeiburgTilen MedvedAli ElSheikhS. Ashwin HebbarLorenzo VaqueroXianjun YangJason PoulosVilém ZouharSergey BogdanikMingfang ZhangJorge Sanz-RosDavid AnugrahaYinwei DaiAnh N. NhuXue WangAli Anil DemircaliZhibai JiaYuyin ZhouJuncheng WuMike HeNitin ChandokAarush SinhaGaoxiang LuoLong LeMickaël NoyéMichał PerełkiewiczIoannis PantidisTianbo QiSoham Sachin PurohitLetitia ParcalabescuThai-Hoa NguyenGenta Indra WinataEdoardo M. PontiHanchen LiKaustubh DholeJongee ParkDario AbbondanzaYuanli WangAnupam NayakDiogo M. CaetanoAntonio A. W. L. WongMaria del Rio-ChanonaDániel KondorPieter FrancoisEd ChalstreyJakob ZsambokDan HoyerJenny ReddishJakob HauserFrancisco-Javier Rodrigo-GinésSuchandra DattaMaxwell ShepherdThom KamphuisQizheng ZhangHyunjun KimRuiji SunJianzhu YaoFranck DernoncourtSatyapriya KrishnaSina RismanchianBonan PuFrancesco PintoYingheng WangKumar ShridharKalon J. OverholtGlib BriiaHieu NguyenDavid Quod Soler BartomeuTony CY PangAdam WeckerYifan XiongFanfei LiLukas S. HuberJoshua JaegerRomano De MaddalenaXing Han LùYuhui ZhangClaas BegerPatrick Tser Jern KonSean LiVivek SankerMing YinYihao LiangXinlu ZhangAnkit AgrawalLi S. YifeiZechen ZhangMu CaiYasin SonmezCostin CozianuChanghao LiAlex SlenShoubin YuHyun Kyu ParkGabriele SartiMarcin BriańskiAlessandro StolfoTruong An NguyenMike ZhangYotam PerlitzJose Hernandez-OralloRunjia LiAmin ShabaniFelix Juefei-XuShikhar DhingraOrr ZoharMy Chiffon NguyenAlexander PondavenAbdurrahim YilmazXuandong ZhaoChuanyang JinMuyan JiangStefan TodoranXinyao HanJules KreuerBrian RabernAnna PlassartMartino MaggettiLuther YapRobert GeirhosJonathon KeanDingsu WangSina MollaeiChenkai SunYifan YinShiqi WangRui LiYaowen ChangAnjiang WeiAlice BizeulXiaohan WangAlexandre Oliveira ArraisKushin MukherjeeJorge Chamorro-PadialJiachen LiuXingyu QuJunyi GuanAdam BouyamournShuyu WuMartyna PlomeckaJunda ChenMengze TangJiaqi DengShreyas SubramanianHaocheng XiHaoxuan ChenWeizhi ZhangYinuo RenHaoqin TuSejong KimYushun ChenSara Vera MarjanovićJunwoo HaGrzegorz LuczynaJeff J. MaZewen ShenDawn SongCedegao E. ZhangZhun WangGaël GendronYunze XiaoLeo SmuckerErica WengKwok Hao LeeZhe YeStefano ErmonIgnacio D. Lopez-MiguelTheo KnightsAnthony GitterNamkyu ParkBoyi WeiHongzheng ChenKunal PaiAhmed ElkhananyHan LinPhilipp D. SiedlerJichao FangRitwik MishraKároly Zsolnai-FehérXilin JiangShadab KhanJun YuanRishab Kumar JainXi LinMike PetersonZhe WangAditya MalusareMaosen TangIsha GuptaIvan FosinTimothy KangBarbara DworakowskaKazuki MatsumotoGuangyao ZhengGerben SewusterJorge Pretel VillanuevaIvan RannevIgor ChernyavskyJiale ChenDeepayan BanikBen RaczWenchao DongJianxin WangLaila BashmalDuarte V. GonçalvesWei HuKaushik BarOndrej BohdalAtharv Singh PatlanShehzaad DhuliawalaCaroline GeirhosJulien WistYuval KansalBingsen ChenKutay TireAtak Talay YücelBrandon ChristofVeerupaksh SinglaZijian SongSanxing ChenJiaxin GeKaustubh PonksheIsaac ParkTianneng ShiMartin Q. MaJoshua MakSherwin LaiAntoine MoulinZhuo ChengZhanda ZhuZiyi ZhangVaidehi PatilKetan JhaQiutong MenJiaxuan WuTianchi ZhangBruno Hebling VieiraAlham Fikri AjiJae-Won ChungMohammed MahfoudHa Thi HoangMarc SperzelWei HaoKristof MedingSihan XuVassilis KostakosDavide ManiniYueying LiuChristopher ToukmajiEunmi YuArif Engin DemircaliZhiyi SunIvan DewerpeHongsen QinRoman PflugfelderJames BaileyJohnathan MorrisVille HeilalaSybille RossetZishun YuPeter E. ChenWoongyeong YeoEeshaan JainSreekar ChigurupatiJulia ChernyavskySai Prajwal ReddySubhashini VenugopalanHunar BatraCore Francisco ParkHieu TranGuilherme MaximianoGenghan ZhangYizhuo LiangHu ShiyuRongwu XuRui PanSiddharth SureshZiqi LiuSamaksh GulatiSongyang ZhangPeter TurchinChristopher W. BartlettChristopher R. ScotesePhuong M. CaoBen WuJacek KarwowskiDavide Scaramuzza doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09962-4 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09962-4 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09962-4 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09962-4 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10052-8 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10052-8

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans facilitate the assembly of clusters of glycoRNAs and cell surface RNA-binding proteins, which negatively modulate VEGF-A signalling and angiogenesis.]]> Peiyuan ChaiSina KheiriAndrew KuoJessica ShahLauren KagelerRuiqi GeJonathan PerrJennifer PoratCharlotta G. LebedenkoJoao M. L. DiasEliza YankovaSandeep K. RaiChristopher P. WatkinsPetar HristovKonstantinos TzelepisTimothy HlaRitu RamanEliezer CaloJeffrey D. EskoRyan A. Flynn doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10052-8 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10052-8 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10052-8 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10052-8 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10071-5 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10071-5

Viral ribonucleoprotein–viral protein networks form pre-replication centres that nucleate viral factories and drive respiratory syncytial virus replication.]]> Dhanushika RatnayakeMarie GallouxSanne BoersmaMarko NoerenbergChristina SizunCarlos SacristanJulien SourimantAnke J. LakerveldAnne T. GelderloosLeonie ApperlooYana DemyanenkoMatthijs J. D. BaarsRupa BanerjeeBirgit DreierSven FurlerNatalie I. MazurLouis J. BontShabaz MohammedAndreas PlückthunJean-François ÉléouëtGeert J. P. L. KopsAlfredo CastelloPuck B. van KasterenMarie-Anne Rameix-WeltiMarvin E. Tanenbaum doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10071-5 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10071-5 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10071-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10071-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10029-7 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10029-7

Cryogenic electron microscopy structures of human Ostα/β uncover a unique transport pathway featuring two substrate-binding sites connected by an amphipathic helix-gated conduit, and electrophysiological studies demonstrate voltage-sensitive, bidirectional transport, showing its efflux role in vivo.]]> Xuemei YangNana CuiTianyu LiXinheng HeHeng ZhangCanrong WuYang LiXiong MaH. Eric Xu doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10029-7 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10029-7 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10029-7 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10029-7 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09986-w Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09986-w

Transition of superfluid to insulator is observed in the layer-imbalanced regime of bilayer magnetoexcitons.]]> Yihang ZengDihao SunNaiyuan J. ZhangRon Q. NguyenQianhui ShiA. OkounkovaK. WatanabeT. TaniguchiJ. HoneC. R. DeanJ. I. A. Li doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09986-w Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09986-w 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09986-w https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09986-w https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10048-4 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10048-4

Optical switching of a moiré Chern ferromagnet is demonstrated in twisted molybdenum ditelluride bilayers using continuous-wave circularly polarized light, paving the way for dissipationless spintronics and quantized Chern junction devices.]]> Xiangbin CaiHaiyang PanYuzhu WangAbdullah RasmitaShunshun YangYan ZhaoWei WangRuihuan DuanRuihua HeKenji WatanabeTakashi TaniguchiZheng LiuJesús Zúñiga-PérezBo YangWeibo Gao doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10048-4 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10048-4 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10048-4 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10048-4 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10010-4 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10010-4

A vagal reflex to blood volume changes in the heart involves PIEZO2 and helps to stabilize blood pressure in an upright posture and after blood loss.]]> Zhikai LiuShan LuIsabela A. HaskellMichael S. SchappeMaša JosipovićSoohong MinAbdulRasheed A. AlabiJingyi ChiMinseon KimStephen D. Liberles doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10010-4 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10010-4 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-10010-4 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10010-4 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09934-8 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09934-8

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the bile acid transporter OSTα–OSTβ, which has a key role in bile acid homeostasis, provide insight into its distinct architecture and mechanism of substrate translocation.]]> Ke WangJunping FanHuiwen ChenBo HuangCheng ChiRui YanDi WuFeng ZhouWenhua ZhangJuquan JiangXiaoguang LeiDaohua Jiang doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09934-8 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09934-8 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09934-8 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09934-8 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00108-8 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00108-8

New regulations are needed to deal with increasing environmental threats to lung health.]]> Lidia Morawska doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00108-8 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00108-8 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00108-8 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00108-8 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00030-z Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00030-z

A device has been built that relies on a solid-state phenomenon called the elastocaloric effect to produce cooling to temperatures below 0 °C, lower than existing room-temperature elastocaloric cooling systems are able to achieve. The innovation demonstrates that elastocaloric technology could offer an alternative to conventional freezing systems that use volatile greenhouse gases.]]> doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00030-z Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00030-z 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00030-z https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00030-z https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00266-9 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00266-9

Scientists have launched a fresh effort to find out what could be producing oxygen at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean.]]> Davide Castelvecchi doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00266-9 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00266-9 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00266-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00266-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00106-w Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00106-w

A new set of analytical tools will help researchers to understand the lifelong effects of air pollution.]]> Kari C. Nadeau doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00106-w Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00106-w 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00106-w https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00106-w https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00221-8 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00221-8

A researcher has created a chatbot that is indistinguishable from human participants in online surveys. Some researchers fear that a workhorse of social science is now under threat.]]> Sara Phillips doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00221-8 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00221-8 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/d41586-026-00221-8 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00221-8 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-04012-5 Nature, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-025-04012-5

Recapitulating the complexity of human organs in vitro would accelerate drug discovery and enable personalized treatments. By combining different types of liver cell from donor tissues, in vitro models of a liver region that mirror some of the organ’s main structures and functions can be assembled, getting closer to reproducing mini livers in vitro.]]> doi:10.1038/d41586-025-04012-5 Nature, Published online: 2026-01-28; | doi:10.1038/d41586-025-04012-5 2026-01-28 Nature 10.1038/d41586-025-04012-5 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-04012-5