input: Based on the general linguistic structure of humor, in this paper, we propose a novel approach for detecting humor in short texts by using BERT sentence embedding.

task_type: coherence


input: In adversarial (challenge) testing, we pose hard generalization tasks in order to gain insights into the solutions found by our models.

task_type: coherence


input: For the automatic evaluation of Generative Question Answering (genQA) systems, it is essential to assess the correctness of the generated answers.

task_type: coherence


input: Our approach uses a lightweight probing model that learns to map language representations of concrete words to the visual domain.

task_type: coherence


input: While large-scale contextual language models have enjoyed great success recently, much remains to be understood about what is encoded in their representations.

task_type: coherence


input: However, it is often overlooked that the decoder only has a single view of the source sequences, that is, the representations generated by the last encoder layer, which is supposed to be a  global view of source sequences.

task_type: coherence


input: In this work, we explore to reuse the representations from different encoder layers for layer-wise cross-view decoding, that is, different views of the source sequences are presented to different decoder layers.

task_type: coherence


input: Systematic experiments  show that we successfully address the hierarchy bypassing problem and substantially improve the performance of sequence-to-sequence learning with deep representations on diverse tasks .

task_type: coherence


input: Therefore, an attention-prediction model is constructed to learn the dependency between attention weights and sources.

task_type: coherence


input: In this paper, we present Generation-Augmented Retrieval (GAR), a query expansion method that augments a query with relevant contexts through text generation .

task_type: coherence


input: We demonstrate on open-domain question answering that the generated contexts significantly enrich the semantics of the queries and thus GAR with sparse representations (BM25) achieves comparable or better performance than the state-of-the-art dense  methods such as DPR \mbox{%DIFAUXCMD karpukhin2020dense.

task_type: coherence


input: We demonstrate on open-domain question answering that the generated contexts significantly enrich the semantics of the queries and thus GAR with sparse representations (BM25) achieves comparable or better performance than the state-of-the-art dense  methods such as DPR \mbox{%DIFAUXCMD karpukhin2020dense.

task_type: coherence


input: We demonstrate on open-domain question answering that the generated contexts significantly enrich the semantics of the queries and thus GAR with sparse representations (BM25) achieves comparable or better performance than the state-of-the-art dense  methods such as DPR \mbox{%DIFAUXCMD karpukhin2020dense.

task_type: coherence


input: Furthermore, GAR achieves the state-of-the-art performance on the Natural Questions and TriviaQA datasets under the extractive setting when equipped with an extractive reader, and consistently outperforms other retrieval methods when the same generative reader is used.

task_type: coherence


input: We measure both intrinsic and extrinsic bias across hundreds of trained models covering different tasks and experimental conditions and find that there is no reliable correlation between these metrics that holds in all scenarios across tasks and languages.

task_type: coherence


input: In this paper, we present CANINE, a neural encoder that operates directly on character sequences--without explicit tokenization or vocabulary--and a pre-training strategy with soft inductive biases in place of hard token boundaries.

task_type: coherence


input: In this paper, we present CANINE, a neural encoder that operates directly on character sequences--without explicit tokenization or vocabulary--and a pre-training strategy with soft inductive biases in place of hard token boundaries.

task_type: coherence


input: Each comment was annotated by three different annotators, which achieved high inter-annotator agreement.

task_type: coherence


input: 2008 The 27th Young Designers' Exhibition, famed as the largest show of students' creations, recognized by International Council of Societies of Industrial Design (ICSID) since last year, started at Taipei World Trade Center today and will close at Sunday (May 18) with participations from 87 academical and industrial units in Taiwan and 20 units from United States, United Kingdom, Italy, Netherlands, New Zealand, and Australia to showcase varied achievements from design industry.

task_type: coherence


input: 2008 The 27th Young Designers' Exhibition, famed as the largest show from students' creations, recognized by International Council of Societies of Industrial Design (ICSID) since last year, started at Taipei World Trade Center yesterday and will close at Sunday (May 18) with participations from 87 academical units in Taiwan and 20 units from United States, United Kingdom, Italy, Netherlands, New Zealand, and Australia to showcase varied achievements from designindustry.

task_type: coherence


input: Not only several design competitions, sponsors like International Forum Design (iF), EPSON, MUJI (in Japanese: 無印良品, Mujirushi Ryōhin), Tsann Kuen Trans-nation Group will also showcase different solutions for  design, creative, and cultural industries.

task_type: coherence


input: In addition, Taiwan Design Center, the show organizer, also designed several site events like "On-line Graduate Season Show"," Carrer Match-up","Creative and Cultural Showcase and Performance","Seminars of YODEX 2008" to link the actual exhibition with  on-line exhibition.

task_type: coherence


input: Another condition is that they have to work in Serbia for at least 5 years after finishing their graduate studies.

task_type: coherence


input: As reported, lawyer Marcos Cesar Feres Braga so-named by the newspaper working for the, was driving with his family through the suburb of near the main complex when the incident occurred.

task_type: coherence


input: However, Russia's Consul General Vladimir Tokmakov has released a statement claiming no Russian diplomats or employees of the consulate general were involved in the incident.

task_type: coherence


input: a day after he resigned his position as Attorney-General, after publicity around his filing of an incorrect declaration, with the Companies Office on behalf of Queens Park Mews Limited.

task_type: coherence


input: The FCC is looking into phone companies who may have supplied the phone records illegally under California law. So

task_type: coherence


input: It is also "any of the large bodies of water into which the great ocean is divided".

task_type: coherence


input: As the world's ocean is the principal component of Earth's hydrosphere, it is integral to life on Earth, forms part of the carbon cycle and water cycle, and - as a huge heat reservoir - influences climate and weather patterns.

task_type: coherence


input: The pelagic zone consists of the water column of the open ocean, and can be divided into further regions categorized by light abundance and by depth.

task_type: coherence


input: The photic zone includes the oceans from the surface to a depth of 200m; it is the region where photosynthesis can occur and is, therefore, the most biodiverse.

task_type: coherence


input: which is made to the audience of his appeal, he is look a like an actor in the Philippines, JM de URL Biography Lopez was born and raised in the southern tip of Metro Manila, before he joined the pageant of Mister Philippines, Fhrancis work as a model and he signing contracted in a Go Green Artists his agency and the Project Management, After he won and got the prize, Fhrancis held pageant of Patravadi Theatre, Lopez is one of the finalists Top 16  in Mister International 2011.

task_type: coherence


input: which is made to the audience of his appeal, he is look a like an actor in the Philippines, JM de URL Biography Lopez was born and raised in the southern tip of Metro Manila, before he joined the pageant of Mister Philippines, Fhrancis work as a model and he signing contracted in a Go Green Artists his agency and the Project Management, After he won and got the prize, Fhrancis held pageant of Patravadi Theatre, Lopez is one of the finalists Top 16  in Mister International 2011.

task_type: coherence


input: which is made to the audience of his appeal, he is look a like an actor in the Philippines, JM de URL Biography Lopez was born and raised in the southern tip of Metro Manila, before he joined the pageant of Mister Philippines, Fhrancis work as a model and he signing contracted in a Go Green Artists his agency and the Project Management, After he won and got the prize, Fhrancis held pageant of Patravadi Theatre, Lopez is one of the finalists Top 16  in Mister International 2011.

task_type: coherence


input: Mister Philippines 2011 & Mister International 2011 Lopez  declared as one of the winner of Mister Philippines 2011, After he won the competition on December 17, 2011, Lopez joined the compete in the Mister International 2011 pageant which is happening in Pattaya, Thailand and Bangkok.

task_type: coherence


input: This work presents a simplified approach of differentiating between the two data using pretraining and finetuning.

task_type: coherence


input: With the recent success of  pre-training technique for NLP and image-linguistic tasks, there are still few works on video-linguistic pre-training.

task_type: coherence


input: We parameterize a dialog system using a Transformer-based auto-regressive language model, which subsumes different dialog modules (e.g., state tracker, dialog policy, response generator) into a single neural model.

task_type: coherence


input: Our experiments demonstrate that (i) SOLOIST creates new state-of-the-art results on two well-known benchmarks, CamRest and MultiWOZ, (ii) in the few-shot learning setting, the dialog systems developed by SOLOIST significantly outperform those developed by existing methods, and (iii) the use of machine teaching substantially reduces the labeling cost . We will release our code and pre-trained models for reproducible research.

task_type: coherence


input: An exhaustive review of stance detection techniques on social media is presented, including the task definition, the different types of targets in stance detection, the features set used, and the various machine learning approaches applied.

task_type: coherence


input: An exhaustive review of stance detection techniques on social media is presented, including the task definition, the different types of targets in stance detection, the features set used, and the various machine learning approaches applied.

task_type: coherence


input: We demonstrate HGN's ability to produce contextually pertinent subgraphs by showing considerable performance gains across four commonsense reasoning benchmarks and a user study of fact validness and helpfulness.

task_type: coherence


input: Driven by the increasingly larger deep learning models, neural language generation (NLG) has enjoyed unprecedentedly improvement and is now able to generate a diversity of human-like texts on demand, granting itself the capability of serving as a human writing assistant. Text attribute transfer is one of the most important NLG tasks, which aims to control certain attributes that people may expect the texts to possess, such as sentiment, tense, emotion, political position, etc.

task_type: coherence


input: The incident  occurred at around 01:00 UTC today (0200 local time) and it involved a lorry and a Ford Mondeo on the A607 road.

task_type: coherence


input: Brown sent an unsigned letter of apology to Wall, which Wall said she received last week, she had asked for one after the incident occurred.

task_type: coherence


input: Wall said she was unhappy with the letter  and has written to TV3 to complain.

task_type: coherence


input: The letter contained no return address but she said:"I have written to TV3 [about the letter]."

task_type: coherence


input: Today at a special caucus meeting, member of parliaments (MP) for National agreed that the new leader of the opposition, New Zealand's National Party, is John Key and the deputy leader is Bill English, they are taking over from past leader, Dr Don Brash and past deputy leader, Gerry Brownlee.

task_type: coherence


input: Bill English, 45-years-old, use to be leader of the National Party before being outed in 2003 and being replaced by Dr Brash for a bad performance at the 2002 New Zealand elections,  Mr English only managed to get 22\% of the votes cast.

task_type: coherence


input: The propaganda, which NSW Health has cost at AUD$600,000, that could of been spent on feeding starving children, will use a variety of print ads placed at bus stops and in youth magazines in addition to propaganda messages on websites such as MySpace and MSN. Propaganda ads use a tag line saying "Pot.

task_type: coherence


input: The propaganda images show a person staring from a black and white photo with quotes like "You've got great eyes, dialated eyes are hot " and "I'd lend you money, but the government would just spend it on these ads ", as part of an emotional appeal to manipulate the reader into an unfair bias on the topic, instead of comparing facts and science to the message they are promoting.

task_type: coherence


input: "We want to prevent people who are thinking about taking cannabis up from taking it up and also encouraging those people that are using cannabis to cease, through use of unrelenting lies and social shunning " he said.

task_type: coherence


input: In an interview to TV channel UT-1  an officer of the ecological service admitted that they have no real data about the area closer to the accident, because not even government officers are permitted to reach it.

task_type: coherence


input: Yet in the same hours the director of Kazphosphat (the vendor) declares in an interview to the newspaper Segodnja that he gathers that "the phosphor will be stocked in the Ukraine, because it makes no sense to transfer it back.

task_type: coherence


input: The conversations suggest that RAI (Italian state television) and private rival Mediaset (owned by Silvio Berlusconi) made arrangements to favour Berlusconi himself when he was Prime Minister of Italy.

task_type: coherence


input: Moreover Mediaset said it would sue La Repubblica for these allegations.

task_type: coherence


input: On the other side Walter Veltroni, the leader of the opposing party, said "What has emerged is extremely serious" and asked an internal investigation at RAI.

task_type: coherence


input: The 2008 Taipei Game URLanized by the Taipei Computer Association (TCA), ended on Monday, and was different from shows of past years; from the gaming population, industry, and exhibition arrangements.

task_type: coherence


input: On the other side of Microsoft Taiwan,  to gain popularity and notability at this show, they (Microsoft) preliminary moved their new game launch from the 3C store to the TWTC again, since 2007.

task_type: coherence


input: Zheng dynasts used the newly-owned island as part of the loyalist movement aiming to reclaim the mainland China from the Qing, mainly as a base of military operationsbut also deepening the process of Sinicization on Taiwan, in an effort to consolidate the last stronghold of Han Chinese resistance against the invading Manchus."Historical and Legal Aspects of the International Status of Taiwan (Formosa)" by Ng Yuzin Chiautong, published on August 28, 1971, WUFI Until its annexation by the Qing dynasty in 1683, the kingdom was ruled by Koxinga's heirs, the House of Koxinga, and the period of rule is sometimes referred to as the Koxinga dynasty . Names In reference to its reigning dynasty, the Kingdom of Tungning is sometimes known as the Zheng dynasty (), Zheng clan Kingdom ()

task_type: coherence


input: The period of rule is sometimes referred to as the Koxinga dynasty.

task_type: coherence


input: The nationalization of history, which had its origins more in the epics and tendentious oratory than in philosophy, sometimes grew the idea of an esprit des peuples or national spirit, and, later still, the idea that each nation had a 'mission'.

task_type: coherence


input: According to the new national historical narrative, they were killed by the Soviet regime because they were Ukrainians  " Nationalist discourse in Croatia presents the aftermath of Bleiburg repatriations as an event where only Croatians suffered and died just because they were Croatians, eluding the fact that many of the victims were Serbs, Montenegrins or Slovenians while many Croatians had died while fighting as collaborators against Yugoslav partisans.

task_type: coherence


input: In cases when history was reinterpreted and filtered by the media and official orthodoxy  there is a situation in which  nationalization of history leads to its denial.

task_type: coherence


input: Waiting in Nairobi Silva and Carter had prepared carefully for the trip. They stopped in Nairobi on their way to Sudan.

task_type: coherence


input: Also Rob Hadley was flying on a UN light plane in and invited Silva and Carter to fly with him to Ayod.

task_type: coherence


input: He came across a child lying on his face in the hot sun he took a picture.

task_type: coherence


input: Acquaintances later recalled the young Baumeister playing with dead animals and urinating on a teacher's desk, which are textbook signs of a burgeoning serial killer.

task_type: coherence


input: Previously a residency, or subdivision, of the Presidency of Bengal (officially the Presidency of Fort William), in  1867  the Straits Settlements became a separate crown colony, mainly due to ethnic and linguistic differences, and became directly overseen by the Colonial Office in Whitehall in London.

task_type: coherence


input: British rule was suspended in February 1942, when the Imperial Japanese Army of the Japanese Empire had invaded Singapore during the Pacific Front of World War II and renamed it Syonan-to . After the war, Singapore was returned to British rule.

task_type: coherence


input: British rule was suspended in February 1942, when the Imperial Japanese Army of the Japanese Empire had invaded Singapore during the Pacific Front of World War II and renamed it Syonan-to . After the war, Singapore was returned to British rule.

task_type: coherence


input: British rule was suspended in February 1942, when the Imperial Japanese Army of the Japanese Empire had invaded Singapore during the Pacific Front of World War II and renamed it Syonan-to . After the war, Singapore was returned to British rule.

task_type: coherence


input: British rule was suspended in February 1942, when the Imperial Japanese Army of the Japanese Empire had invaded Singapore during the Pacific Front of World War II and renamed it Syonan-to . After the war, Singapore was returned to British rule. It subsequently separated from the Straits Settlements itself, and became its own standalone crown colony with its own governor.

task_type: coherence


input: At present, Mercado is a member of the Philippine Statistical Association, Philippine Association for Teacher Education (PAFTE), the Rotary Club of New Manila Heights and a Fellow of Royal Institution based in Singapore  . Early life and education Mercado finished a Bachelor of Applied Statistics degree in 1993, a Master of Applied Science degree in 2000 and a Doctor of Educational Management degree in 2003  at the Polytechnic University of the Philippines.

task_type: coherence


input: Tomas Batangas  and then designated as the Dean of the College of Science.

task_type: coherence


input: He still serves as an expert  to the university, specializing in Applied Statistics.

task_type: coherence