The innovation used by DART to overcome this challenge is to target the secondary member of a binary asteroid system for the kinetic impactor demonstration


The AOCS is using two star sensors, coarse sun sensors, GPS receivers, magnetometers, fiber optic gyroscopes, magnetic rods and a set of 4 reaction wheels


The useful range is more or less reduced to about half


The measurement accuracy was verified through comparison with existing approaches for characteristic length measurement, such as hand measurements with calipers and NASA 3D scanner measurements


A cool (negative) phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). During most of the 1980s and 1990s


The 0.5 mm thick beryllium foil at the front of the detector stack acts as a high-pass filter, stopping all electrons < 400 keV and protons < 8 MeV


Stars that are hotter than our Sun are much brighter, and emit up to ten times more radiation in the necessary range for effective photosynthesis than red dwarfs


The Juno spacecraft launched aboard an Atlas V-551 rocket from Cape Canaveral, Fla., on 5 August 2011


In 2017, the 630 kg Chinese Micius satellite successfully demonstrated quantum key distribution experiments


Powered by the PDCU (Power Distribution Control Unit)


The PRF is a close multiple of the Jason-3 one


The Li-ion battery has a capacity of 10Ah


“End of Parasol mission,” CNES, Dec. 18, 2013


Earth's limb as observed by ICON in far ultraviolet light


The downlink is in near real-time via the S-band transmitter


Although Jupiter's energy system is on a scale much larger than Earth's


The lander carrying the rover touched down in the southern part of Utopia Planitia, a vast plain in the northern hemisphere of Mars


In 2017, the 630 kg Chinese Micius satellite


Unloaded periodically by a twelve-thruster hydrazine reaction control system


The QARMAN CubeSat was launched as a secondary payload on the SpX CRS-19 (Commercial Resupply-19) Dragon mission to the ISS on 5 December 2019


The spectrograph also has the spectral resolution to reject unwanted contamination by the bright optically thick 130.4 nm O line


The engineering model for the MightySat II.1 hyperspectral imager


The spacecraft and the payload were designed and built by JHU/APL (Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics Laboratory) of Laurel, MD, as the prime contractor for the Navy


The Argentine-built satellite, equipped with a sophisticated radar imaging instrument, separated from the Falcon 9's upper stage about 14 minutes into the mission


The RPA (Retarding Potential Analyzer) is a planar sensor that presents a circular aperture to the incoming plasma stream


The Didymos encounter for the electric propulsion mission occurs in the same time frame and a similar geometry as for the chemical design


Spectrometer measurements of the amount of water in the gas giant's atmosphere down to a depth of about 75 miles (120 kilometers)


EPS (Electrical Power Subsystem) consisting of seven solar panels


After 6 months in heliocentric orbit, STEREO returned a daily average of 7.0 Gbit of data from the Ahead spacecraft


The optical signal is transmitted by two collimators with different divergence angles


Image resolution is between 0.37 to 0.56 miles (600 to 900 m) per pixel


Next Step: Re-Entry Phase Around End of August


The images delivered by the RGB camera onboard BIROS


A calibration process has been developed using the calibration laboratory of DLR' Institute for Optical Sensor Systems


The Juno Waves instrument can "listen" to this radio emission that the raining electrons generate


There is an X-band downlink for payload data (8 GHz, 16.8 Mbit/s data rate)


The dual chemical and electric propulsion systems for NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) were recently delivered by Aerojet Rocketdyne


Here’s Where and How We Think China Will Land on Mars,” IEE Spectrum, 25 March 2020, URL: https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/ https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/ aerospace/robotic-exploration/where-how-china-mars-mission-news


Rubin-8-AIS an experimental space technology mission of OHB-System, Bremen, Germany. Objective: Testing of an improved spaceborne receiver and data upload system for AIS (Automatic Identification System) support


HARP (University of Maryland, Baltimore County) and ARGUS-02 (Saint Louis University) – 16:00:00 GMT


The planets in the Kepler-47 system were detected via the "transit method"


INTEGRAL is the first space observatory that can simultaneously observe objects in gamma rays, X-rays, and visible light


Instrument type Externally occulted Lyot coronagraph


The LLITED bus structure is similar to AeroCube-7


Ground teams pose with the Tianwen-1 spacecraft in its launch configuration, with the mission’s orbiter, lander and rover connected together


The development of the Kepler Mission and a vigorous ground based efforts were funded by NASA


CNES is responsible for the provision of the camera and the image ground segment


Expands on discoveries Juno has already made and adds exploration of the rings encircling the planet as well as flybys of Ganymede, Europa, and Io


During Kepler’s allotted Deep Space Network time, scheduled to begin October 10


The infrared imagery collected by the spacecraft's Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) instrument provides the first infrared mapping of the massive moon's northern frontier


Launch on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Vandenberg Space Force Base near Lompoc, California


POLDER-P is an improved version of POLDER1/2, designed at the LOA atmospheric optics laboratory in Lille (CNRS-USTL) and built by EADS-Sodern


Data transmission is in UHF-band (306.775 MHz) at 2400 bit/s (uplink, FSK modulated)


Level 2 provides surface reflectances ("Top of Canopy")


The CoEs are located at: Fachhochschule Rhein/Ahr Campus, Remagen/Krefeld, Germany; University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Italy; University of Patras, Greece; and Volgaspace (Samara State Aerospace University SSAU), Samara, Russia


The along track GSD of 0.8 m is achieved by apparent velocity reduction by a factor of 2.5


Retracked SSH, SWH from 5-parameter & 1-parameter fits


In 2017, Vanderburg and Shallue first used AI to uncover a planet around a Kepler star


"Successful launch of the SAOCOM 1A Satellite — The first steps of SAOCOM 1A in Space," CONAE, 10 October 2018


The controller achieves real-time navigation data from the onboard Global Positioning System (GPS) and the predictions of where the satellites are going to be


The optimized VISION design is expected to result in stratospheric ozone measurements with 5% accuracy


Launch is targeted for no later than 2032


"Changing How Solar Power Rolls," NASA, 19 June 2017


RF communications 3 Mbit/s downlink (10 -5 BER), 9.6 kbit/s uplink (10 -6 BER)


The C&DH subsystem includes a flight computer, one data recorder, and cables inside shielded boxes


The maneuver took place 29.4 million km from Earth


Service module (attitude and orbit control), equipped with gas thrusters and a rocket engine


Polar and mid-latitude stratospheric ozone vertical profile retrieval (via spectral observation of Sun occultations in the Chappuis band) Upper atmosphere temperature profiling based on the Sun refractive flattening: “Atmospheric Refractivity from Inversion of Dilution.” Full spectral scan observations of nightglows and polar auroras are also foreseen if the dynamic range of the instrument allows it


Today during the perigee crossing from revolution 1102 to 1103 at a height of only 2,756.4 km


For Juno, like NASA's earlier Pioneer spacecraft, spinning makes the spacecraft's pointing extremely stable and easy to control


INTEGRAL has also been able to take images of gamma ray bursts, while the telescope was not pointed in the right direction


The command uplink and realtime engineering data downlink will use an omni-directional X-band (8 GHz) antenna system


Proceedings of the Symposium on Small Satellite Systems and Services (4S), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, May 31-June 4, 2010


Juno starts its tour of Jupiter in a 53.5-day orbit


“DIMAC data analysis summary,” URL: http://www.redshift.be/projects/dimacres.htm


Ozon-M is a UV and IR eclipse spectrometer, a 4-band scanning diffraction spectrometer


Observation objective 0.402 - 0.422 440 40 Yellow substance, water pollution


Since the beginning of the characterization phase of the DebriSat project, over 154,000 fragments have been collected


This approach of a two SAOCOM and a four COSMO-SkyMed spacecraft configuration


Designed to measure protons and helium ions from about 1.5 to 13 MeV/nucleon


A 240 kg rover will drive onto the surface


The design was based on the famous Vostok spacecraft bus


Richard Southworth is Operations Manager for the mission


The overall objective of the HummerSat-1 mission is to provide a technology demonstration as well as to test observation capabilities within the spacecraft class of 80-250 kg of total mass envelop (micro/minisatellite)


The entire MightySat I deployment sequence took about 10 minutes


The information compiled and edited in this article was provided by Herbert J. Kramer from his documentation of: ”Observation of the Earth and Its Environment: Survey of Missions and Sensors”


The EMB (Environment Monitor Board) was designed to measure the temperature inside the Maple-1 enclosure


The satellite data is mainly received at the DLR ground station in Neustrelitz


Where the atmospheric pressure reached about 320 pounds per square inch (22 bar)


The image also captures the arm of the constellation Perseus


Spectral range (nm) Band 1 (Blue) 459 - 525


When the link is lost due to the satellite passing out of view while the satellite was transmitting, the satellite will try up to 3 seconds to complete the last packet transmitted


In heliocentric elliptical orbit in the ecliptic plane at approximately 1 AU from the sun


Standing on the planet, the star would appear 60 times larger in diameter than the Sun as seen from Earth


The gold-plated satellite that will take measurements from low earth orbit for 2 years


Another galaxy, known as PKS 1830-211, that lies along the same line of sight from Earth but is much farther away


The raw data will be processed on board, using a dedicated FPGA


Named ILM (InterLeaved Mode, open burst scenario)


The radar backscatter power is coded by color


With an orbit altitude between 350 and 450 km


To date we have recovered in excess of 115 k fragments


Before this finding, gravitational waves had been confirmed on four occasions


Based on a new generation 12U spacecraft platform


A set of four operation modes have been defined


ESA approved the start of the procurement of Next-Generation Gravity Mission (NGGM) in Phase B1 based on an Instrument first approach


The technology package IMES is being developed for the HummerSat-1 mission, representing a comprehensive on-board automatic system, which manipulates the satellite operations, performs attitude control, and implements autonomous management as well as information transmission


NASA/JPL (Jet Propulsion Laboratory), Pasadena, Calif., managed the development of the project for NASA/ARC (Ames Research Center), Moffett Field, Calif., and is responsible for ensuring that Kepler’s flight system performs successfully on orbit


The optical bench is the mount for all optical components of the OSIRIS system


Installed at the tips of four booms (~ 4 m long)


SpooQy-1, a CubeSat to demonstrate an entangled photon light source,” Proceedings of the 70th IAC (International Astronautical Congress), Washington DC, USA, 21-25 October 2019


Its robust control loop permits to react against perturbation and component anomaly with sufficient stability margin


A significant portion of the electrons generating the high-energy radiation must originate from a highly organized structure located very close to the pulsar, very likely directly from the jets themselves


Zhurong has a design lifetime of 90 days


Exploiting simple passive low-cost sensors (e.g., optical or infrared cameras)


A range of solar phenomena that are also related to the Sun's magnetic field, including the formation of sunspots, their lifetimes, and the origin of the Sun’s 11-year solar cycle


It was a spectacular launch on 21 November


DART (Double Asteroid Redirection Test), NASA's first flight demonstration for planetary defense, seeks to test and validate a method to protect Earth in case of an asteroid impact threat


The SDDA motor, which is a block redundant, single fault tolerant mechanical/electronic assembly


This new addition is smaller in stature than its six more established cyclonic brothers: It's about the size of Texas


One in near-polar orbit (89° - 90°) and a second with an orbit inclination around 70°


The Hera mission will be presented to ESA’s Space19+ meeting this November


Start returning the essential data that is needed to map greenhouse gas emissions from space


TEC (also Ne) Instrument Performance Precision: 10% (Nn, Ne); 3TECU 10-8 to 10-2 torr


Its mission is officially stated as "electromagnetic spectrum measurement"


The first minisatellite, HummerSat-1 with an on-orbit mass budget of ~130 kg


The COR-2 instrument was built and is operated by the Naval Research Laboratory as part of the STEREO mission


A gamma-ray burst detected by ESA's INTEGRAL gamma-ray observatory on 3 December 2003


Electric power distribution is provided at 28.5 V


The downlink USB is dual-redundant but configured as a cold backup


The TCS design of the S-6 satellites incorporates passive and active elements


Yutu-2 is also required to power down for the deep cold of lunar nights and high solar radiation of lunar noons


In nominal mode, SLP sweeps the potential of the probes from -7 V to +7 V with respect to the plasma potential


The two CO2M satellites are scheduled to be launched sequentially in 2026


The local equator crossing time is at 13:30


The image was acquired during Juno's flyby on Dec.


Enabling future reduced cost missions to study the hydrologic cycle, characterization of ocean/atmosphere interactions vegetation and land use management


Starfire Optical Range, an optical research facility at Kirtland Air Force Base


Tianwen-1 successfully entered Mars orbit Feb. 10 following a 202-day journey through deep space


It was clearly the signature of a neutron star merger


A range precision of a few decimeters was obtained


August 23, 2017: A few days after being placed into orbit, the French-Israeli Venµs vegetation-monitoring satellite delivered its first images


On April 23, 2007, the twin spacecraft have made the first three-dimensional images of the Sun


DART (Double Asteroid Redirect Test) mission is the US component of AIDA, intended to collide with the smaller of two bodies of the Didymos binary asteroid system


DART will determine, from terminal approach imaging, the impact location on the target asteroid, the local surface topography and the geologic context


P2 pair will be launched on a VEGA-C rocket


The solar array is designed to produce at least 615 W at 29±4 V at the end of mission in the nominal observing attitude


NASA's Galileo spacecraft, which dropped a probe into the atmosphere in 1995


Results also show that it is functioning far better than expected


Two of the wind’s most curious features: its variable nature and unexpectedly high temperatures


From a perigee height of ~9,500 km in the early mission to more than 13,000 km in 2005/2006 followed by a decrease to the current value. In the coming years the orbit will again circularize somewhat, reaching a perigee height of close to 10,000 km in late 2015


Behind’s closest approach to Earth in 2023 will be 10.0 million km on 14 July


At roughly 100 km/s, the comet was rapidly traveling


It was the 22nd flyby during which the solar-powered spacecraft collected science data on the gas giant


In the winter season eclipses occurred during revolutions 26 to 35, and in the summer season during revolutions 84 to 92


The HI is a wide-angle visible-light imaging system


DART will be the first high-speed impact experiment at an asteroid and at a realistic scale for planetary defense


The Stargazer with the Pegasus XL attached is scheduled to fly from Vandenberg, where it was processed, to the Skid Strip at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida on Oct. 19, 2018


The rattling of the tether (with a mass density of only 0.2 gram/m)


The two divergence angles (200 µrad and 1200 µrad, both FWHM values)


REPTile is a small (6.05 cm in length and 6 cm in diameter)


Zhurong has a primary mission and design lifetime of 90 sols (92 Earth days)


The oval features are cyclones, up to 600 miles (1,000 kilometers) in diameter


The Mission Control Center at NTNU operates several supporting robotic assets, such as UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), ASVs and AUVs


In the data from our first eight flybys, Juno's MWR detected 377 lightning discharges


Shown around the AFRL sponsored C/NOFS (Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System) orbit


The CVM (Cathode Valve Module) which shut/open the flow to the selected cathode


Clyde Space designed a custom CubeSat structure


Of primary concern for achieving the photometric precision is attitude stability


The impact of the DART spacecraft on its target could leave the asteroid near unrecognizable


X-ray emissions from Jupiter's auroras, detected by NASA's Chandra Space Telescope


Data are communicated through Iridium before the final crash of QARMAN


Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver, built the spacecraft


Should be completed by the end of FY16 (09/30/16)


To aid with object detection, a green screen background and diffuse lighting are used


It measures the outer belt electrons, both trapped and precipitating to study how the low rate and energy spectrum of the Earth's outer radiation belt electrons evolves. It monitors the SEP protons associated with solar flares to study how flare location, magnitude, and frequency relate to the timing, duration, and energy spectrum of SEP protons that reach Earth


Each panel was deployed one by one as the spacecraft passed over a station, until completing the three panels of each wing


The ACS mosaic covers approximately the apparent angular size of the full Moon


The IMES architecture is based on a highly reliable, low cost and low power topology


Long March 2D launches Zhangheng-1 Earthquake investigator," NASA Spaceflight.com, 2 Feb. 2018


This object was about ten times more energetic than what is usually observed for similar sources


This 'gravitational bending' allows us to see the back side of the star


The download of six megabytes of data collected during the transit


In Cassini’s case, NASA sent the spacecraft into Saturn rather than risk it falling into one of the planet’s moons


The extended mission's science campaigns will expand on discoveries Juno has already made about Jupiter's interior structure, internal magnetic field, atmosphere (including polar cyclones, deep atmosphere, and aurora), and magnetosphere


The Iridium PPOC (PRIME Payload Operations Center) located at the SNOC


SpaceX Dragon Heads to Space Station With NASA Science,” NASA News, 5 December 2019


The pair under ESA development (P2) is called Next Generation Gravity Mission (NGGM)


The Navy declassified the first set of GEOSAT data in 1990


Pressure sensor Pressure field on the surface of the capsule


Every two to three days, the reaction wheels reach a maximum speed


The objective is the measurement (sounding) of ozone concentrations and other trace gas elements in the atmosphere


Data quantization, data rate 12 bit, 883 kbit/s


Total Etendue (A) for 90-300 km limb scene 0.004 cm 2 sr (day)


The pink light (purple background) reveals nitrogen emissions, while the green light (blue background) is oxygen emissions


The spectroscopy technique, which uses a laser to zap a pinhead-size portion of a rock, and a spectrometer to analyze the light given off by plasma generated by the laser’s interaction with the rock’s surface


The solar-powered spacecraft's flyby will yield insights into the moon's magnetosphere


The mission aims to shift an asteroid's orbit through kinetic impact


The chemical system is currently used for launch clean up, trajectory correction maneuvers and attitude control. It is a monoprop hydrazine system that consists of twelve thrusters and uses helium as the pressurant


This powerful magnetic environment creates the brightest auroras in our solar system


The European Space Agency, which will send the Hera mission to Didymos and Dimorphos


The ADCS subsystem includes two star trackers, four sun sensors, one inertial measurement unit, one magnetometer, the magnetorquers, four reaction wheels, and one avionics module


The NEXT constellation will be deployed between 2015 and 2017


Four 2U deployable solar panels are mounted to the structure


There is a strong correlation between CMEs and solar flares


BEESAT-4, a CubeSat dispatched by BIROS last September


Tianwen will "probe the ground with radar, perform chemical analyzes on the soil, and look for biomolecules and biosignatures


SEB consists of a control computer, interfaces for the camera and CCD, fine-pointing and jitter control electronics, a housekeeping and data acquisition system, and power conversion


The IMS-1 routine operations began one month after launch


ESA/NASA Mass change And Geosciences International Constellation (MAGIC) mission concept – science and application prospects


Ion Density TEC (also Ne) Instrument Performance Precision: 10% (Nn, Ne); 3TECU 10-8 to 10-2 torr


Our galaxy holds an estimated 300 million of these potentially habitable worlds


Its collision with Dimorphos will change the speed of the moonlet’s orbit around the main body by several minutes


Overall system transmission O('S) & O('D) 16%


The two spacecraft have now escaped from Earth orbit and are in orbit around the Sun


After entering the Mars orbit, it will spend two to three months surveying potential landing sites


This data cube is first processed to extract the complete interferogram of every target’s point; then it is cosine-inverse transformed to yield a hyperspectral data cube


Optical Engineering, Vol. 59(1), 013102, published: 11 January 2020


There are three cloud layers on Jupiter: a lower layer made of water ice and liquid water, a middle one made of ammonia and sulfur, and an upper layer made of ammonia


Scientists have been baffled as to how vast numbers of such particles can be generated every second


Ganymede consists primarily of water ice


The ADCS subsystem architecture is illustrated in Figure 3


Comprised by the integration of four key technologies: a binocular diffraction-limited optical system working at visible and near-infrared wavelengths; a high precision, robust and light structure; a set of innovative COTS detectors with 2D CMOS sensors; and a high-performance and reconfigurable on-board processing unit with super-resolution algorithms implemented


Volume of ECS (Environmental Control Subsystem) 2U


The gravity science and telecom subsystem provides X-band command uplink and engineering telemetry and science data downlink


The layout of the SpooQySat satellite is illustrated in Figure 2


Portions of the MOMS-2P (camera system) and the MOMSNAV package (two GPS antennas, two redundant gyro sensor blocks, one gyro electronics unit) were mounted onto the outside wall of the Priroda module


The way in which GRB 031203 dimmed with time and the distribution of its energy were not different from those of distant GRBs


IVM built at the University of Texas in Dallas


During cruise, there are also 13 planned trajectory correction maneuvers


Nations at COP26 pledging net-zero emissions by 2050


The natural evolution of Juno's orbit around the gas giant


La Niña is expected to stick around until at least spring 2022 in the Northern Hemisphere


The time delay for preprocessing is currently projected for about 1 week after data reception


STEREO A leads Earth by 22º after 1 year


Eight cells are located on two of the 3U sides, and six cells are located on the remaining two 3U sides


Juno lifted off from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida on Aug. 5, 2011


China marked the occasion with the announcement of the name for their first Mars Lander: Tianwen


Occasionally, this accretion disc becomes unstable and collapses onto the black hole


ICON post-launch status," UCB/SSL, 24 October 2019, URL: https://icon.ssl.berkeley.edu/news/icon-post-launch-status


RF communications CCSDS-ESA packet telemetry and telecommand standard


Measurement of direction and time of impact of spaceborne micro-particles with time of impact resolution of 0.1 s


NASA Establishes Contact With STEREO Mission


The deployment velocity filter and brake controller behavior in flight could be qualitatively reproduced in detail by simulation matching


When Juno first arrived at Jupiter in July 2016


Instrument size 760 mm diameter, 1600 mm in height


Proceedings of the 30th Annual AIAA/USU SmallSat Conference, Logan UT, USA, August 6-11, 2016


NASA’s Perseverance rover carries a comparable instrument to scan subsurface layers of the Martian crust in search of water ice deposits


Test operations of HY-1B started on Sept. 30, 2007


Orbital positions of the STEREO-A and -B observatories for Nov. 12, 2014


Ready Argentina's second radar Earth observation satellite for liftoff as soon as July 25 on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket


The ADCS is validated during ground testing using Clyde Space’s HIL (Hardware-In-the-Loop) simulator


Observations from STEREO from two different vantage points in combination with e.g., observations from SOHO/LASCO provide unique input for determining the conditions of the solar wind and perturbations at the encounter of other planets of the solar system as well as at the boundaries of the heliosphere


Default mode Camera frame rate (frames/s) 15, 30, 60, 110


NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft flew past Jupiter in March, 1979


The MOMS-2P Mission on the MIR Station," International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing


The probe was planning to observe the skies at X-ray wavelengths


Other team members include NASA Sagan fellow at UT Austin Andrew Vanderburg and Google engineer Christopher Shallue


Where the use of transponders are used to receive and re-transmit radar pulses back to the satellite in space to verify its performance


Priroda sensor data are transmitted to two ground stations, one at RKK Energia in Obninsk, the other at DLR/DFD Neustrelitz, Germany


The Didymos Reconnaissance and Asteroid Camera for Optical (DRACO) navigation tucked safely beneath its panels


The higher energy gamma rays trigger the first detector layer (called ISGRI)


Objective: Measurement of sea surface temperatures (SST)


Objective: Demonstration of a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) based bus system and APD (Avalanche Photodiode)


Trailing Earth’s orbit at 94 million miles away (~151 million km)


China, along with NASA’s Perseverance rover and the Hope orbiter from the United Arab Emirates, will launch around late July during a Hohmann transfer window


The flight module provides +5 and +3.3 V


The science objectives of the STEREO project are obviously set to improve on the SOHO observations and to find answers to such questions as: Are CMEs driven primarily by magnetic or non-magnetic forces? What configuration of the corona leads to CMEs? What mechanism initiates a CME? What accelerates CMEs? How does a CME interact with the heliosphere? How do CMEs cause space weather disturbances?


Currents and tides are controlled by the overall shapes of the ocean basins as well as by the smaller sharp ocean ridges and seamounts


This has allowed researchers to predict geomagnetic storms as much as 72 hours earlier than ever before


Precipitation of particles from the Van Allen belts, observed before, during and after earthquakes of medium and strong magnitude


The Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich satellite was launched on a Falcon-9 Block 5 vehicle of SpaceX


Shen Xuhui, the chief scientist of the satellite


The new planet, K2-288Bb, orbits the smaller, dimmer star every 31.3 days


Approved contracts totalling €2.55 billion


With the option of a third satellite in the constellation


The mission was previously planned to launch on an Orbital ATK Pegasus XL rocket


The Geostationary Carbon Observatory mission is targeted for launch in the early 2020s


The system has another rocky planet of about the same size


NRO refers to all 11 secondary (or auxiliary) CubeSat payloads on NROL-36 as the OUTSat (Operationally Unique Technologies Satellite) mission


Natalie Batalha, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA


The data user of both instruments is SOA (State Ocean Administration)


A hard reset that is triggered after the spacecraft goes without communications from Earth for 72 hours


The Tianwen-1 rover is cocooned inside a heat shield for a fiery descent to the Martian surface. After releasing from the orbiter mothership, the lander will enter the Red Planet’s atmosphere, deploy a parachute, then fire a braking rocket to slow down for landing


VISION is a hyperspectral imager in the visible and the near-infrared domain, between 430 and 800 nm


VISION will be one of the first CubeSat optical payloads capable of providing real atmospheric science data


The veto system, consisting in five plastic scintillator counters, 5 mm thick


The Mars probe is expected to reach the red planet around February 2021


The nitrogen emission dropped even more, to 22% of the daytime value


The acquisition of an image sequence takes 20 seconds


The baseline design for the SpooQySat satellite is GomX-313, with modifications to accommodate the SPEQS payload


The Hubble image of sunlight (visible wavelengths) reflecting off clouds in Jupiter's atmosphere shows dark features within the Great Red Spot


Our telescopes will never be powerful enough to reveal these inner regions, but the intervening gravitational lens made the measurement possible


At night, when that portion of the atmosphere is not exposed to the Sun, this ionized gas, or "plasma" tends to recombine, dramatically reducing its density as it converts back to an electrically neutral state


On July 23, STEREO-A lay — from Earth's perspective — to the right side and a little behind the sun


Packing as much energy as 2400 megatons of TNT (10^22 joule)


HRMR will interface with EU hardware identical to the AMR units through its digitizer driver unit (DDU)


SPEQS payload shown floating to reveal the UNSW Canberra designed isostatic mount beneath


The rover aims to return data on potential water-ice deposits, weather, topography and geology


Wong and his colleagues Simon and de Pater are making all of the processed data easily accessible to other researchers through MAST (Mikulski Archives for Space Telescopes) at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Maryland


Jupiter's water abundance will tell us a lot about how the giant planet formed


This function is already used to monitor the compressor power demand from the SPI cooling system


Three deployable solar panels (30 cm x 50 cm each)


Has taken over 83,000 satellite passes in its lifetime


D. Fussen, J. De Keyser, M. De Mazière, D. Pieroux, H. Lamy, S. Ranvier, E. Dekemper, A. Merlaud, E. Neefs, O. Karatekin, Z. Ping Z, V. Dehant, M. Van Ruymbeke, J. P. Noël


SSB is also designed to accommodate different types of payloads with minor modification from mission to mission


The team will continue to try to reestablish communication


A launch of MIOSat is scheduled for 2012 on a Vega launch vehicle from Kourou


It was agreed that the Jason-CS mission should become more closely associated with the other missions in the Copernicus family


Twelve thrusters, each nominally providing 4.4 N of force


The receiver contains one essential ingredient in turn: the fourth generation Advanced GPS/GLONASS Application Specific Integrated Circuit, AGGA-4 for short


It is also covered with MLI and equipped with deployable solar panels


The IR-spectrometer, also referred to as MIRS (Multichannel Infrared Spectroradiometer), consists of two identical diffraction polychromatographs for the spectral ranges of 4 - 8 µm, and 8 - 16 µm


The spacecraft avionics are derived from the design used for the Orbital Express mission


SOCRATES (University of Minnesota) – 14:30:00 GMT


The recorded data is transmitted to the ground in S-band at 8 Mbit/s


Microcamera. 22) ESA acquires, processes and distributes PROBA-1 data as part of its 'Third Party Mission' data portfolio to more than 1000 users worldwide. Figure 15: An icy close-up view of part of Russia’s Lena River Delta acquired by ESA’s veteran PROBA-1 microsatellite, celebrating 15 years in orbit (image credit: ESA) April 21, 2016: The Svalbard Satellite Station sits on the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard in the Arctic Ocean (Figure 16). Operated by KSAT (Kongsberg Satellite Services), it is the world’s largest commercial satellite ground station.


Its secondary body (or “moonlet”) has a diameter of about 150 m


It is made of a sea of electrically-charged electrons and ions


The technology for building it is currently being tested in space by ESA's LISA Pathfinder mission


The magnetar was still in an active phase during the ToO


Providing a FOR (Field of Regard) of 720 km


Wasn’t scheduled to enter full science operations until June 15


Altitude distribution of the emission brightness in the other dimension (vertical)


By observing the limb brightness of the N2 LBH (Lyman-Birge-Hopfield) bands and of OI (Oxygen Iodine) at 135.6 nm


This was an eruption thought to come from a binary star system in which one component is a star like our Sun whereas the other is a black hole


The software components support Clyde Space platform subsystems including integrated EPS, battery, solar panels, ADCS, VUTRX


As the main sub-contractor, Thales Alenia Space will supply the instruments


CNES acquired the imagery from different regions of the globe starting on Thursday 17 August


The GT (Guide Telescope) provides fine-pointing information to the S/C attitude control system


The PMAC system requires no power and very little mass (<50g)


The PARASOL microsatellite of CNES consists of a box-like structure (size: 60 cm x 60 cm x 80 cm)


SAOCOM will be capable of capturing 500 images


Since 1986, these white ovals have varied in number from six to nine


The STEREO-A spacecraft continues to work normally


After it landed on Mars, the Tianwen-1 probe will send back images of Mars, investigate the surface and geological structure of the planet, measure and record the climate and magnetic fields, and collect a large amount of scientific data


STEREO-B spacecraft passed approximately 11,776 km above the lunar surface


Scientific Program, IRE brochure, Moscow, 1991


The objective of LMC is to look for specific molecules associated with life by detecting biomarkers


Open Cosmos announces development of 'MANTIS' Earth Observation satellite


The spacecraft will then continue with the commissioning sequence, which will include de-tumble and alignment to the RAM vector


Since then named AT2018cow - and nicknamed "the Cow" after the coincidental final letters in its official name


September 6, 2017: Scientists on NASA's Juno mission have observed


Nanoracks completes 17th commercial space station CubeSat deployment mission


The image was obtained on 17 August 2018 using the DEep Imaging and Multi-Object Spectrograph (DEIMOS)


The interpretation of the EUV dayglow builds on the recent success of the SSULI (Special Sensor Ultraviolet Limb Imager) and RAIDS (Remote Atmospheric and Ionospheric Detection System) missions


Lia Siegelman, a physical oceanographer and postdoctoral fellow at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego


It is planned to operate the Mx instrument for most of the orbits based on the user demands


A few special actuators are redundant but not cross-strapped


JHU/APL used the data for sea-bottom topography mapping by inverting sea surface slope data from height measurements provided by the GEOSAT radar altimeter


Hubble and Gemini can monitor the planet as a whole


The batteries were discharging, as there were only short charging periods when the panels briefly faced the Sun


Lightning bolts act like radio transmitters — sending out radio waves when they flash across a sky


Second HyspIRI NASA Decadal Survey Mission Science Workshop, Pasadena, CA, USA, Aug. 11-13, 2009


Driven by requirements from ESA's Earth Observation program


NASA's Juno to Get a Close Look at Jupiter's Moon Ganymede


Wire fragments 4, 5 and the wire bundle (8) will likely treated as 3-D


Marangoni heat pipe:An experiment on board MIOSat Italian microsatellite


June 5, 2020: NASA’s Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory, or STEREO-A spacecraft, captured these images of comet ATLAS as it swooped by the Sun from May 25 – June 1


It causes Earth's atmosphere to shrink slightly, which reduces drag on satellites, like our QARMAN CubeSat


Swath (km) Mode A/No. of pixels 4152 4152 2976 2976 50


The redundant European GNSS-POD and its antennas are accommodated on the zenith panel


Sea-surface height measurements that began in 1992 by the French–US Topex-Poseidon satellite


The long-term record of sea-surface height measurements that began in 1992 by the French–US Topex-Poseidon satellite


ESA's Climate Change from Space Kit is an interactive PDF that takes the reader through many of the ‘variables’ that upset Earth’s delicate balance and describes how ESA measures them from space


The surprising discovery by Wolszczan (1994)


On Sept. 14, the nanosatellite flew over the LASP ground station and the project team was able to hear the beacons for the first time


The mission has observed the entire sky at hard X-ray and soft gamma-ray energies


The status of the MOC to ground station link is monitored 24/7


The PICOSAT1.1 system is planned to be ejected after one year of the MightySat II.1 launch, in July 2001


The GNOMES (GNSS Navigation and Occultation Measurement Satellite) with a mass of ~ 30 kg


Fly three innovative optical payloads: a) Sagnac interferometer, b) Mach Zehnder interferometer, and c) a high resolution panchromatic camera with a deployable telescope


The Kepler Mission developed over several decades


Main parts of the ASAP-L processing logic, like image sensor control or processor, are implemented as intellectual properties (IP) on a field programmable gate array (FPGA)


Typical power consumption for the PLC is 1 W


GHGSat-D (CLAIRE) demonstration satellite developed and launched by UTIAS/SFL of Toronto in 2016


China’s Zhurong rover returns landing footage and sounds from Mars


In more modern times, March 2016 to be exact, the ESA's Schiaparelli EDM lander crashed when it tried to land on Mars


The end of the PARASOL mission is effective, the satellite operations for decommissioning process are underway and should be finished by the end of December 2013


The data rate is reduced by a factor of 2


A local 5 gram full-scale unit and a remote 2 gram full-scale unit


Understanding the details of those processes “is going to require both careful analysis from Parker Solar Probe and also new, better imaging instruments


The SMC team provides technical oversight, supports data analyses, and leads the effort for DoD model improvements


The secondary (November 24, 2021 to February 15, 2022)


The camera is an adaptation of a commercial camera made by Silicon Mountain Devices


Juno Launch," NASA Press Kit, August 2011


The AMR receivers look at a cold load (cold sky, ~3 K)


The instrument's electronics box is located in Juno's radiation-shielded spacecraft vault


Student-built satellite studies solar storms


QARMAN will use temperature and pressure sensors together with an emission spectrometer to gather precious data on the extreme conditions of reentry


The first hypothesis describing ETWA daytime formation involved variations in the zonal ion drag as a function of latitude


Monitoring sea-surface height is critical to understanding the changes taking place


The CME was a relatively slow one, traveling between 1.5 and 1.8 million miles an hour (700 and 800 km/s)


The mission design team suggested modifying the maneuvers to achieve a -22.5º/year drift rate


With a microwave radiometer that can probe deeper than anyone has seen — to 100 bars


Tracking, Telemetry and Command System (TTC, ESP/SWE). Including S-band transponder and antennae


Pointing stability required 0.5 arcsec for HI-2 sequence (1 hr)


December 10, 2020: Launched less than three weeks ago


CO2M Copernicus (Carbon Dioxide Monitoring) Mission Status


Solar radiation enters the spectrometer via an active suntracker and a telescope


Measuring IP (Interplanetary) type II and type III radio bursts


Attitude sensing is provided by digital sun sensors and infrared Earth sensors


Iridium PRIME satellites will fly at the same orbit altitude and inclination as the Iridium NEXT satellites


By removing the trailing edge of the data before being transmitted to Earth, the data rate is reduced by 50%


MTF (Modulation Transfer Function) 0.085 along-track; 1.2 cross-track direction


The distribution of equipments has been determined mainly by the following constraints: Free fields of view for the instruments and short distance between the ones needing stable alignment. Short distance for RF path and reduction of RF interferences. Accommodation of the high dissipating equipments on a nadir panel and far from alignment critical payload elements. Accommodation of the monopropellant fuel tank close to the satellite's launcher interface. Distribution of units to control the overall center of mass


The stars themselves orbit each other in only 7.45 days


Solar tsunamis were discovered in 1997 by the SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory) of ESA


The payload consists of a CMOS camera with a total mass of 5 kg


The Falcon 9 darted through a cloudy sky and arced to the south-southeast from Florida's Space Coast


22:51 local time on 2 September in Kourou


Improve the coastal zone measurement accuracy to a 3-5 km diameter footprint


The magnetometers are used to sense the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field on the body of the CubeSat


CSSWE will initially be tumbling at an unknown rate and attitude


Sentinel-6 is also the first Sentinel satellite equipped with a dual-system satnav receiver


The FireBIRD satellites are operated and controlled by GSOC (German Space Operations Center)


Including five patches to the onboard software


Like black holes, they are compact remnants of what were once massive stars


It provides 100 Mbit/s total instrument throughput


Astronomers on the ground spotted a short and extremely bright burst of radio waves from the direction of SGR 1935+2154 using the CHIME radio telescope in Canada


34th Inter-Agency Debris Coordination Committee, Oxford, U.K. 30 March –2 April 2016


Juno is part of NASA's New Frontiers Program, which is managed at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center


The calibration noise source is integrated in the multi-chip module (MCM). It has two noise diodes and directional couplers to provide stable calibration references


The objective of PLASTIC is to study coronal SW (Solar Wind) and solar wind-heliospheric processes


As seen by NASA's Juno spacecraft from an altitude of 32,000 miles (52,000 kilometers)


The SSRB (Solid State Recorder Board) was designed to evaluate the performance of HCSM (High Capacity Spaceborne Memory) SRAM module in the space environment


Full emphasis is put on reduction of downtime to a minimum, on timely distribution of data products, and on high quality and reliability of the measurement data. The mission will also include support to information service providers and major reprocessing activities


The hosting agreement will also define the responsibilities


Part of the MOMS-2P instrument was launched by a Progress M-31 launch vehicle on May 5, 1996


Which sped towards QARMAN at seven times the speed of sound


August 29, 2008: Thanks to data from ESA’s INTEGRAL gamma-ray observatory


To qualify the instrument for space, the researchers tested its ability to withstand the vibration and thermal changes experienced during a rocket launch and in-space operation


The Mir station assumed a total mass of ~ 120 tons


HI-1: 10 -13 B sun Stray light/disk light rejection


A potential OSIRISv3 for a small satellite platform


A rotating reflector, a non-symmetric truncated paraboloid with a diameter of 700 mm


At least two satellites with a 7 years lifetime each (5 years + 2 years consumables)


The XPOD (Experimental Push Out Deployer) system of UTIAS/SFL


CCD detectors were substituted for the silicon detectors


AVANTI only requires a simple sensor system for relative navigation, which is why we can use the star camera, which is already on BIROS, as a monocular camera


Equipped with multispectral and hyperspectral imaging capabilities


Further Improvements of Calibration Methods


Strongly magnetized and slowly rotating neutron star


SpooQySat will be deployed from the International Space Station (ISS) sometime in 2019


Advances in the Astronautical Sciences, Vol. 163, No. 2, Rome, Italy


Impulsive events as solar Coronal Mass Ejections and Solar Flares


Enormous heating in upper atmosphere over the polar regions of the planet


Two-to-three months later, the Tianwen-1 orbiter will release a lander to enter the Martian atmosphere


Then the spacecraft, about the size of a small car


The technology for the experiment is based on BIROS, which is meant to represent the 'catcher' satellite


The change in the frequency shortly after closest approach


The nominal mission duration (from liftoff to separation of the 53 satellites) is 1 hour, 44 minutes and 56 seconds


The Copernicus Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich satellite will accurately measure changes in global sea level


CSSWE has a requirement for a minimum of 3 months of science operations


The near-circular orbit of the ISS is at a nominal altitude of ~400 km


At about the length of one-and-a-half football fields side-by-side


Iridium PRIME, the world's first turnkey payload accommodation service


Moved into an orbit with a perigee of about 280 kilometers


The onboard attitude error leads to a global measurement noise of about 1 degree (3600 arcsec)


The IEM contains the RF uplink and downlink cards, power converter cards, and an AIE (Attitude Interface Electronics) card


The GEOSAT attitude control subsystem (gravity-gradient stabilization)


The EUVI secondary mirror is actuated to compensate for the S/C jitter


The idea that all GRBs spit out the same amount of gamma rays, or that they are 'standard candles' as we call them, is simply ruled out by the new data


In addition, ionospheric data are also provided up to 500 km altitude


The flare also generated a solar energetic particle eruption that was detected by NASA’s Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory-Ahead, or STEREO spacecraft, at 7:51 UTC


The thermal management subsystem is based on the capillary pump loop design


One COVP (Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessel)


GCS is responsible for the overall satellite command and control


The STEREO spacecraft were launched on a single Delta II vehicle in October 2006


Traveling at a relative velocity of 41,600 mph (67,000 km/h)


The Microwave Radiometer takes advantage of the fact that water absorbs certain wavelengths of microwave radiation


The rest range in size up to eight times the size of Earth


The Tianwen mission will also feature an orbiter, a lander, and a six-wheeled, solar-powered rover


An international research team led by Teruyuki Hirano of TITech (Tokyo Institute of Technology)'s Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences has validated 15 exoplanets orbiting red dwarf systems


Both with a look angle of 40º against nadir


The second Chinese ocean color satellite HY-1B and future plans


However, in 2019 China announced that they had identified two preliminary landing ellipses, both in the Utopia Planitia region


Real-time telemetry will be flowed from the DSN to the MOC over the Restricted IONet by using legacy the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) service


1 Mbit/s (high data rate, HR) in downlink


NASA directed that periodic recovery operations cease with the last support on October 17, 2018


The three-axis attitude control system provides a pointing knowledge of 10 arcsec


The brightness dropped very rapidly to 30% of its normal daytime value


The DebriSat impact test was successfully carried out at AEDC Range G on 15 April, 2014


The instrument scale set the ruled width of the grating to 40 mm


NASA's Juno Mission Expands Into the Future," NASA Feature, 13 January 2021


A mass of solar material that erupted from the Sun on Oct. 9, 2021


Scientists measured the height of the sea with tide gauges mounted in coastal bays and harbors


The overall objective is to provide scene-specific spot imagery in high resolution to the Indian Armed Forces


Obstacle-avoiding mode, facilitated by optical cameras, will begin at 20 meters above the surface


The TT&C (Telemetry Tracking & Command) data rates are between 2-64 kbit/s


The Hubble data show that the hazes continue to absorb even at shorter ultraviolet wavelengths


This means it is deep inside the spiral arm Norma of our Milky Way galaxy


ICON will be designed, built and operated by scientists at UCB/SSL (Space Sciences Laboratory)


Jupiter has eight – each at least 30 times larger


The entangled photon source on-board SpooQySat inherits a lot of its design from the source (SPEQS-CS) on the Galassia mission


Solar Array: Si, 2-axis articulated, 330 W EOL


The design is based on a cubic proof mass


PICASSO will demonstrate a scientific capacity for atmospheric remote sensing with VISION (the hyper-spectral imager) and in situ measurements with SLP (Sweeping Langmuir Probe)


The orbit period of Didymos B is 11.92 hours


The spacecraft slowly drifts away from the Earth and is at a distance of 0.5 AU (worst case) at the end of four years


Before impacting the orbiting asteroid at a speed of 6.6 km/s


The two CO2M satellites will each carry a near-infrared and shortwave-infrared spectrometer


Which includes the participation of students, faculty, and professional engineers


ASAP-Light has been designed to process 100 images/s


The Copernicus Sentinel-6 Poseidon-4 fully-focused synthetic aperture radar image reveals features of the Ozero Nayvak Peninsular in fine detail


The review panel found that the science value was very high


Nominal operations will be resumed once the particle background level has subsided again


Recent advances in Earth remote sensing: Fourier Transform Stationary HyperSpectral Imagers


None of the studies previously mentioned were able to fully describe the characteristics of the ETWA and its relationship to the EIA


DART’s impact at a speed of around 24,000 km/h


The first measurement of the magnetic field of such a neutron star revealed it to be surprisingly strong


Between active and inactive phases solar irradiance fluctuated on average by just 0.07 percent


The other heat pipes will be charged with binary or multi-component self-rewetting solutions with particular surface tension properties. Indeed, one of the primary objectives of the experiment is to show the advantages related to the reverse Marangoni effect, typical of suitable liquid mixtures with surface tension increasing with temperature (self-rewetting fluids)


The Stargazer is a mobile launch platform and the only one of its kind in the world


These data are then further multi-looked in azimuth


NanoRacks has completed the Company’s 17th CubeSat deployment mission


In 2015, spacecraft operators conducted four thruster burns


Recorded the brightness fluctuations of approximately 150,000 main sequence stars (i.e. those that are in the middle of their lifetimes) from 2009 to 2013


Newly-Launched ICON Observatory Sees the December 2019 Eclipse


BlueWalker 1. It will test unspecified "patented technologies" in space


Edward Dunham, Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff AZ


China’s Zhurong rover descended onto the surface of Mars late May 21


LIMADOU project - funded by ASI and INFN


By listening to the rain of electrons flowing onto Jupiter from its intensely volcanic moon Io, researchers using NASA's Juno spacecraft have found what triggers powerful radio emissions within the planet's magnetic field


The radar antenna of 35 m2 is fully deployed and pointing into the right direction of the flight path


The preliminary thermal design was simulated using a P-regulator


The satellite is now being commissioned for operation by EUMETSAT


On October 8, from early morning until 6:00 pm, the two wings of the radar antenna were deployed


Geometric factor e: 73-15 cm 2 sr, p: 90-33 cm 2 sr


During the 22 September event, a traversing muon deposited 22 TeV of energy in the IceCube detector


The DART imager is required to support optical navigation on approach and autonomous navigation in the terminal phase


University of Colorado Boulder, 13 Dec 2017


Proceedings of AIAA Nanotech 2002 Conference, Houston, TX, USA, Sept.


SMARD devices are based upon a shape-memory alloy (Nitinol) which is used as the driving force to actuate the release of a fastener


Controls the detector and communicates with the platform of the satellite via CAN BUS interface


Earth's ionosphere stretches from 50 to 400 miles above the ground


Jupiter has the most powerful auroras in the solar system


The study of the emission from electron-positron annihilation across the sky, the discovery of two previously unknown classes of X-ray binaries, the characterization of the cosmic X-ray background and the first detection of polarization in gamma-ray sources


~ 700 kg of US payloads (medical and biological sciences)


The mission local time (1:30 pm at the beginning and approximately up to the end of 2009) is drifting


Attitude pointing stability of ≤ 0.05º (3σ)


Cassegrain telescope of area A = 0.12 m2


Was successfully integrated into its launch dispenser


There are two main objectives for the Technological mission: 1) Hall Effect Thruster verification 2) validation in space


One final attribute of the ionosphere near the F-region peak


Under an agreement with the US Navy, NOAA/National Ocean Service produced the ERM Geophysical Data Records (GDRs)


HummerSat-1A (a microsatellite of 30 kg)


Deep-space ground control stations in Kashgar, northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and Jiamusi, northeast China's Heilongjiang province, had been well-prepared to provide support in measurement and control before the launch


Walter H. J. Smith (NOAA) and his colleague, David Sandwell of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (La Jolla, CA)


Which began on October 30 with NASA's announcement that Kepler had run out of fuel and could no longer conduct science


Sentinel-6B, is slated to launch in 2025


The collision created approximately 6,500 debris fragments larger than a pea


The primary 3-month science mission was completed on January 05, 2013


Contain up to 10,000 times more helium-3 than the Sun's atmosphere


The probe's three-month stay in the orbit


The main functions of the Trigger Board are to acquire the PMTs analog signal using EASIROC (Extended Analog Si-pm Integrated ReadOut Chip) Integrated Circuits and to convert all the EASIROC readout signals into digital signals


It's also important that we keep observing it by having continued missions


Protons are measured in 4 differential channels


Ahead of a planned rendezvous with the International Space Station on Sunday 8 December


Channel Center Frequency 18.7 GHz 23.8 GHz 34.0 GHz


South Tarawa, is made up of a thin, string of islets joined by causeways and is home to more than half of Kiribati's 100,000 citizens


To allow more time for DRACO testing and delivery of ROSA, and provide a safe working environment through the COVID-19 pandemic


Ground contacts with ICON are performed mainly from the Berkeley Ground Station, with backup contacts out of Wallops and Santiago


STEREO-A flew past the moon at a distance of approximately 7,340 km


The Rossi Explorer has a timing spectrometer, a device used to uncover properties of the light source, such as speed and rapid variations in the order of milliseconds


Post-test DebriSat activity is concentrated on developing strategies and techniques to extract and categorize fragments through the current planned mission period


Spacecraft descending towards a planet with an atmosphere experience very harsh environment including extreme temperatures (several thousand degrees)


Our ESA-developed radar altimeter is working so well


The peak payload (SPEQS) power consumption is rated at 2.5 W


Information and confirmation provided by Ernest Y. Robinson of The Aerospace Corporation


After it had sent back its first signal showing that it was alive and well in space, ESA's Operations Centre in Germany took care of the satellite's first few days in orbit before handing it over to EUMETSAT


The optical system of FTHSI employs a Ritchey-Chretien telescope


Scientists have maneuvered INTEGRAL into its operational orbit


These charged, ‘ionized’ particles often come from the Sun when it spews out matter and energy during solar flares or coronal mass ejections


The single, nonredundant ST on each spacecraft provides fine, three-axis inertial pointing knowledge during all phases of the mission at 10 Hz


Thick white clouds are present in this JunoCam image of Jupiter's equatorial zone


Harrison is part of the DART Dynamics Working Group


Jupiter's powerful gravity has accelerated the spacecraft to almost 130,000 mph (210,000 km/h) relative to the planet


The design of the spacecraft and dispenser were supported by detailed Finite Element Analyses


Commands, controls and monitors the data flow and storage


IMPACT - University of California, Berkeley


Four CubeSats deployed from Space Station,” Spaceflight 101, Nov. 20, 2013


With appropriate resistances, the hysteresis can be set slightly above the noise level


How many terabytes of science data has it pulled down over these 20 years?


The satellite likely carries Kautilya, an ELINT package


NASA is postponing launch of the Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) until 2018


The Great Blue Spot is drifting eastward at a speed of about 2 inches (4 cm) per second relative to the rest of Jupiter's interior


The OSIRIS instrument has a total mass of ~5 kg


The team doesn't have an agreed-upon theory regarding how these giant polar vortices form


The Great Red Spot is the dark patch in the middle of this infrared image of Jupiter


The signal system generates a linear FM (chirp) pulse waveform


ESA's ExoMars rover mission, which is planned for launch in 2013


The Aerospace receiver is single frequency (L1)


GRB detected by INTEGRAL on 3 December 2003


Estimating the velocity increment encountered during the deployment accurate to 0.2%


NASA/ARC (Ames Research Center) sponsored a workshop on high precision photometry in 1984


Proceedings of the IAC 2002 (International Astronomical Congress, Houston, TX, USA, Oct. 10-19, 2002


The time available for INTEGRAL science operations was divided between the core program (35%) and general program (65%)


This discovery was revealed by the unprecedented accuracy of Juno's measurements of the gravity field


First estimates of the charge remaining before blackout and the loss of the satellite was just three hours


The on-board photometer flight software gathers the science and ancillary pixel data and stores them in a 16 GB solid-state recorder


In 1995, the Priroda mission was accompanied by an extensive international scientific program with contributions from 12 nations


From here the module's robotic arm – the Japanese Experimental Module Remote Manipulator System – will position the deployer for safe orientation away from the station


Launch of the Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) was planned to be on an Orbital ATK Pegasus XL rocket from the Reagan Test Site on Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands


November 3, 2016: A unique experiment has been devised by DLR/GSOC. The AVANTI experiment (Autonomous Visual Approach Navigation and Target Identification)


The spacecraft bus is a cylinder, 1.6 m in height x 1.2 m in diameter


Images captured by the ATLAS (Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System) robotic astronomical survey system in Hawaii


Mars offers a substantial and pragmatic opportunity to answer key questions concerning the existence of extraterrestrial life, and the origin and evolution of the Solar System, and to explore the possibility of human habitation


Added on board to form a 30-minute sum for each pixel


The mean along-track separation should be within 5 km (to allow eventual radar tracking support and to allow imaging the picosatellite with the camera aligned to the local orbital frame centered on BIROS) and 10 km (to allow detecting Picosatellite luminous spot on the images)


PARASOL was set to begin its mission to observe clouds and aerosols in the A-train


The Bright Ascension Generation 1 Ground Software (GNDSW) developed in unison with the OBSW


The ICP manages the distribution of power to each of the ICON instruments, and it manages the flow of data from the instruments that is routed to the spacecraft solid state recorder. Commands are sent to the ICP to control the mode of the instruments. All of the payload heaters are controlled by the ICP


In August 2002 the spacecraft has been turned off


Body pointing capability of ±30º into any direction


Makes use of 2 multispectral channels plus two stereo channels (channels 1,4,6,7)


Who pioneered earthquake studies by inventing the first-ever seismoscope in the year 132


Rotating very fast – about 30 times a second


The tether's damping coefficient seemed significantly higher than expected (0.14)


The YES2 mission scenario will be performed with a very high level of autonomy


In addition, there are 4 CoEs (Centers of YES2 Expertise) located at 4 different universities in Europe and in Russia


China completed an ASAT test in 2007, the US destroyed a malfunctioning spy satellite in 2008, and Russia completed as many as three ASAT tests just last year


An instrumental line at 1347 keV also comes from 69Ge


The OSIRIS tracking sensor mainly consists of a quadrant type InGaAs PIN diode with an active area diameter of d=1mm


Long-term records of sea level height are key to monitoring how much, and how fast, the oceans are rising in a warming climate


Achieve a safe reentry 15 years in the future


The nominal location of the Priroda module within the Mir Station was along the +Z axis


Launch management for the mission is the responsibility of NASA's Launch Services Program at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida


The goal is to obtain data with high-quality radiometric and geometric accuracy


Currently expected to happen in the second half of the ‘20 decade


Strong Winds Power Electric Fields in the Upper Atmosphere, NASA's ICON Finds


Profile: David Anhalt, Vice President and General Manager, Iridium Prime," Space News


The maximum payload height for payloads mounted on the nadir-facing deck is 50 cm on the Space-X Falcon 9 and 40 cm on the Kosmotras Dnepr


58th IAC (International Astronautical Congress), International Space Expo, Hyderabad, India, Sept. 24-28, 2007


Dedicated Memory Allocation Examiner (or “MAX”) workstations for each spacecraft are also located on this network


At this distance, the target is so bright that no star is visible anymore in the picture


The magnetar became active again in April 2020


In addition to the RFA, HRMR, and SCS subassemblies, the AMR-C instrument also contains a parabolic mirror in the Reflector Subassembly (RSA), and the Electronics Unit (EU) in the Electronics Subassembly (ESA)


MIOSat will host a dedicated payload to investigate innovative heat pipes to be operated in space under a microgravity environment


Data volume 330 MByte/min, 83.4 MByte (nominal)


Argentine team returns to Florida to prep radar satellite for late July launch


Proceedings of the 60th IAC (International Astronautical Congress), Daejeon, Korea, Oct. 12-16, 2009


Tianwen-1, successfully entered Mars orbit Feb. 10


CXBN (Cosmic X-ray Background Nanosatellite) MSU (Morehead State University) 2U


The mission aims at analyzing the temporal correlation between seismic events and occurrence of electromagnetic perturbations in the upper ionosphere and precipitations of Van Allen particles


A small (40 mm x 12 mm) motorized steering mirror


NASA will provide an update after the scheduled download


The point during each orbit where Juno comes closest to the planet is called perijove (or PJ)


The instrument of modular design provides four spectral bands in VNIR


Intense sources of gamma rays lie in the center of our own galaxy, the Milky Way, caused by an enormous black hole, almost 3 million times more massive than our Sun. Gamma rays also appear after a supernova explosion when matter squirms in the intense gravity of the collapsed and very dense star remnant


One month later, in February 2007, an ESA (European Space Agency) and NASA spacecraft called Ulysses would encounter the comet’s long tail


The NASA Living with a Star program, managed by the Goddard Space Flight Center, funds the STEREO mission and supported this research with a targeted research and technology grant


Examining data collected by the ultraviolet spectrograph and energetic-particle detector instruments aboard the Jupiter-orbiting Juno spacecraft


China set April 24 as the country's Space Day


Juno will be about 4,150 km above the gas giant's roiling cloud tops


Deliver accurate 3D pose estimate at the (sub-)centimeter level


The primary and secondary lenses are made of Zerodur


No significant effects of the increased radiation on the instruments have been observed


Qualification and Integration of the Venµs Electrical Propulsion System


X-ray binaries: binary systems containing a compact stellar remnant (a black hole or a neutron star) that exerts an intense gravitational pull on its companion star


An artist's impression of the mechanisms in an interacting binary system. The supermassive companion star (on the right-hand side) ejects a lot of gas in the form of 'stellar wind'. The compact black hole orbits the star and, due to its strong gravitational attraction, collects a lot of the gas. Some of it is funnelled and accelerated into a hot disc.


This week, the deployment of the SAR antenna will be tested for the first time


Two preliminary sites in the Utopia Planitia region of Mars have instead been chosen for the anticipated landing attempt


The Priroda module was originally scheduled for delivery in the late 1980s


Electric propulsion technologies are required to enable active drag compensation (1 dof or 3 dof)


The prime contractor is also responsible for operating the mission


Another challenge is knowing the exact height of the satellite—researchers call it "precise orbit determination"


Robovetter's job was to distinguish the 12% of dips that were real planets


The DART mission will set out to push an asteroid and safely change its motion in space


The tether deployed slower than planned, it reached a length of 8.5 km


Among the Jovian atmospheric features that can be seen are the circumpolar cyclones at the north pole and five of the gas giant's "string of pearls" – eight massive storms rotating counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere that appear as white ovals


Four potentially within 30 light-years of our Sun


ESA recently joined the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology by public video link


Figure 43 models the AMRH receiver thermal stability over one orbit showing that it can be kept to within ~0.04 °C/min


The system is at the edge of the chaos," Sometimes, it shows regular dynamics, and at other times, it seems to be chaotic


To coordinate mission operations between these teams and return the science data to the mission scientists


Both the satellite and the SPEQS payload were found to be completely operational


Observation of the Earth and Its Environment: Survey of Missions and Sensors" (Springer Verlag)


TNS-0 was delivered to the space station by the Progress-M 52 as part of the cargo service flight


The processors are the same as for the photometer, radiation hardened PowerPC 750s built by BAE


ESA's mission control in Germany received the very first signals from the fledgling mission


The FSW is programmed to manage all facets of instrument operation


Weighing 332 g including rails, end plates, ribs, rods, L-pieces and standoffs


It's also quite unusual for us to point the spacecraft at Earth


Microjet, developed by AIG (Aerospace Innovation GmbH) of Berlin


It also reached peak luminosity much faster than any other previously known event – in only a few days compared to the usual two weeks


Impact test on the 56 kg representative LEO satellite referred to as DebriSat


Expects it to run out of fuel in the next few months


While it was in safe mode, STEREO-A’s radio wave instrument collected and stored data almost continuously for four months


The GEOSAT attitude control subsystem (gravity-gradient stabilization) was designed to point the radar altimeter to within 1º of nadir 98% of the time


The Hubble Space Telescope is capable of observing during the impact period


Overall, the data quality for the oceanographic applications was somewhat compromised


SPIE conference at Panaji, Goa, India, Nov. 13-17, 2006


The instrument on CSSWE, REPTile (Relativistic, Electron and Proton Telescope integrated little experiment)


ESAIL features enhanced multiple antenna-receiver configurations for global detection of AIS messages


The FDF (Flight Dynamics Facility), both located at GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) in Greenbelt, Maryland


The CubeSat is reflecting sunlight, which makes it extremely bright


Post-processing of the science data will determine spacecraft attitude to < 0.05º (1σ, 3-axis)


Thunderheads reaching 60 km from base to top


Studying such compact objects as neutron stars or black holes is the second and very important task of INTEGRAL


The responsibilities of the ODPO are to provide project and technical oversight and lead the efforts for data collection, analyses, and NASA model improvements


The mission seeks to obtain water abundance readings across large regions of the immense planet


The Tianwen-1 probe captured an image of the Earth and the Moon


The DART spacecraft will be the first demonstration of a kinetic impactor


The NEXT-C system is controlled by a DART-developed flight software application


The majority of the instruments instead are located in the payload section


Ministers back ESA's bold ambitions for space with record 17% rise.” European Space Agency, 23 November 2022


Gravity fields of the Southern Ocean from Geosat data,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 97, 1992


Ocean altimeters alone cannot tell us why seas are rising


Radar soundings from orbit have indicated the presence of a reservoir of ice containing as much water as Lake Superior, the largest of the Great Lakes, in the Utopia Planitia region targeted by Tianwen-1’s lander


The SAOCOM-1B satellite has a mass of 3050 kg


Proceedings of the 7th ICSO (International Conference on Space Optics) 2008


The energy of these particles is very high


This was seen by Integral as an abrupt increase of the X-ray emission


Zhurong will record the Martian landscape with high-resolution three-dimensional images and analyze the material composition of the planet's surface. It will also detect its sub-surface structure and magnetic field, search for traces of ice and observe the surrounding meteorological environment


Simulation studies for a Mass change And Geosciences International Constellation (MAGIC).” TUM, URL: https://www.asg.ed.tum.de/fileadmin/w00cip/iapg/MAGIC/MAGIC_ExecutiveSummary.pdf


Astronomers expect INTEGRAL to see such an outbursts only once every few years


The more signals in space you can process then the better your accuracy becomes


The MAGIC mission will operate in pairs in low Earth orbit (LEO)


The Foton-M3 payload has a total mass of about 400 kg


There are two three-axes inertial measurement units


The supernova—known as SN 2018oh—is located in a spiral galaxy called UGC 4780 in the constellation Cancer


MIOSat is a LEO microsatellite of ~ 120 kg


BIROS A semi-operational Fire Recognition Constellation


In April 2013, UCB/SSL was selected to build NASA's next space weather satellite


AVANTI can conduct its tasks completely autonomously and without additional information from the small satellite


Solar wind, a constant flow of charged particles


The SAOCOM-1A spacecraft is operational and providing imagery


Will support the global stocktake in the context of the implementation of COP21 Agreements and the Glasgow Climate Pact of COP26


Analog tracking output with 70 pW input power


Then, within a few years Hera will be providing its data


SpaceBEE, 12 (.25U) picosatellites of Swarm Technology


Propelled by Aerojet Rocketdyne propulsion


UHF antenna dipoles will be deployed after launch


"NRL's MIGHTI Slated for Launch on ICON Mission"


Our star is almost 4.6 billion years old


Missions like Galileo, Cassini and Ulysses watched it move electrically charged dust through the space near Jupiter and Saturn


Prepare it for launch at the end of 2025


Four deployable 2-unit long solar panels


Several parameters can be adjusted, to improve the accelerometer performance


Jupiter's ability to accelerate charged particles to immense energies


NASA’s priority for both mission success and personnel health and safety


Open Cosmos announces development of 'MANTIS' Earth Observation satellite, 12 September 2019


Also limit the operational range of the system due to the limited output voltage swing of the TIA


Main MCU: 8 bit microcontroller Unit PIC16F877A


The payload data will be transmitted from the host spacecraft via K-band crosslinks


Each SSD detector in SEPT is 300 μm thick


Providing an accuracy of 0.1º in all axes


India is seeking to compete with other space-faring nations for commercial launch services


The RBSP (Radiation Belt Storm Probes), now renamed to the Van Allen Probes


The ‘Burst Alert System’ on Integral automatically alerted observatories worldwide about the discovery in just seconds


October 1, 2021: ESA’s Next Generation Gravity Mission (NGGM) is a candidate Mission of Opportunity


The smallest is only two-thirds the size of Earth


The DMC (Data Management Center) at the STScI (Space Telescope Science Institute) in Baltimore, Maryland receives the “raw” Level 1 data and performs pixel-level calibration


Design Verification by FEM Analysis of ESA Young Engineers Satellite 2 Ejection System


An agreement to establish a US-Russian commission on technological cooperation in the fields of energy and space


We got really good data sets with this comet, but they were from different cameras on different spacecraft


Scientists are expected to spend a decade or more in search of new discoveries in the treasure trove of data Kepler provided


The objective of the mission is to demonstrate reentry technologies, particularly novel heatshield materials, new passive aerodynamic drag and attitude stabilization systems, and the transmission of telemetry data during reentry


Since the loss of communications on October 1


MIGHTI: Wind and Temperature Observations


The NEDT is a measure of sensitivity that determines the threshold for the minimum differential temperature that the system can detect


EEV 42-40, 2k x 2K, 13.5 μm pixels, backside illuminated, AR coated (except EUVI), >100 k e - full well


In order to understand how the SAA is changing and to prepare for future threats to satellites and instruments, Sabaka, Kuang and their colleagues use observations and physics


Time composite images of geometrically registered surface reflectances at 10 m resolution


NASA directed the team pursue the earliest possible launch opportunity during the secondary launch window


At this stage of the mission (August 2021), no attempt is being made to recover all facets of the Juno mission


NASA’s STEREO-A and ESA/NASA’s SOHO spacecraft detected a CME (Coronal Mass Ejection) leaving the Sun on April 17 at 12:36 p.m. EDT


From its orbital perch, the radiometer was able to collect data from a far greater depth into Jupiter's atmosphere than the Galileo probe — 93 miles (150 km)


DLR/ISST paper presented at the IOC Ocean Color Workshop, Victoria, BC, September 21-22, 1995


Sea level along much of the East Coast of North America has been rising faster than the global average


Using the ISTRAC network of stations at Bangalore, Lucknow, Mauritius, Bearslake in Russia, Biak in Indonesia and Svalbard in Norway


The commissioning phase consists of 3 major parts as far as image quality is concerned: geometric calibration, radiometric calibration and performance assessment


The bulk of the systems engineering work at the Mission/Project System-level and Segment-levels is performed via collaborative effort between JPL, ARC, and BATC


An initial contract that was signed in 2020


We searched through all the available INTEGRAL data


Launch Result of H-II Transfer Vehicle "KOUNOTORI4" (HTV4) by H-IIB Launch Vehicle No. 4


It can provide nearly 5.5 kW at BOL (Begin Of Life), about 1 kW average in flight


The signal is split by the Ortho-mode Transducer (OMT) into H and V units


DebriSat - an engineering model representing a modern, 60 cm/50 kg class LEO satellite


It also provides the necessary attitude pointing, and actual onboard commanding of the thrusters


Found high-altitude winds strongly influence the ionosphere


GRB 031203 went off in a galaxy less than 1300 million light years away


Didier Fussen, Emmanuel Dekemper, Philippe Demoulin, Didier Pieroux, Filip Vanhellemont, Sylvain Ranvier, Michel Anciaux, Sabrina Bonnewijn, Pepijn Cardoen, Emmanuel Gamby, Johan De Keyser, Ross Marshall, Bena Mero, Kevin Quillien, Hessel Gorter, Heikki Saari, Antti Näsilä, Christer Holmlund, Rami Mannila, Ismo Näkki, Harri Ojanen, Laurence Rossi, Lionel Jacques, Jean-Hervé Lecat, Roger Walker


The stack of four solid-state doped silicon detectors manufactured by Micron Semiconductor


An enormous black hole, almost 3 million times more massive than our Sun


Co-author Giulia Migliori of University of Bologna, Italy, who worked on the X-ray data


PMAC has been shown to reach a steady state oscillation of the spacecraft about the changing local magnetic field lines of ±15º or less


The agile spacecraft is designed to provide a body-pointing capability with a FOR (Field of Regard) of ±25º in along-track or cross-track


The photodetector used is a 2D CMOS APS (Active Pixel Sensor)


The surface to mass ratio of the picosatellite is larger than that of BIROS by factor 2 to 3


It has an acquisition range of slightly >15 arcmin


The FUV instrument is an off-axis Czerny-Turner spectrometer


MOS-OBSOR and MOMS-2P sensor data is being processed and archived by DLR/DFD Neustrelitz as the responsible data center for all German users


We can use the detected photons to generate quantum random numbers


Two feeder links compatible with the Iridium spaceborne mesh network


The TT&C data is downlinked at a rate of 4 kbit/s


To satisfy most of the applications considered in the Argentinean National Space Program, involving studies on agriculture, fishery, forestry, weather, hydrology, oceanography, emergencies, natural resources of land and sea, urban areas, cartography, geology, mining, soil exploitation, archeology and health


5th session International Conference on Space-based Techologies for Risk Management


During the A-train period, PARASOL’s Star Tracker (STR) field of view was pointing to the moon during a part of its orbit


The objective of the radiometer is global ocean color monitoring for the study of biological oceanography, including chlorophyll concentration, suspended sediment concentration, dissolved organic matter, pollutants, as well as sea surface temperature


DEMETER and PARASOL after 2 years in orbit


Four quadrant laser detector onboard for improved pointing accuracy


Two Tianlian satellites, China's tracking and data relay satellite series, had constantly sent telemetry data back to the ground from the geosynchronous orbit


A billion tons or so of the solar atmosphere was propelled into space at a speed of 2300 km/s


The finalized payload design occupies 2U in volume


Discovered in 2014 in the constellation of Vulpecula


The same kind of large-scale planetary waves that meander through the atmosphere high above Earth's surface may also exist on the Sun


The Sherpa-LTC, which uses chemical propulsion from Benchmark Space Systems


S/WAVES: The Radio and Plasma Wave Investigation on the STEREO Mission


China aims to become only the second country to land and operate a spacecraft on the surface of Mars (NASA was first with a pair of Viking landers in 1976 if you don’t count the former Soviet Union’s 1971 Mars 3 mission)


June 25, 2017: ESA’s orbiting gamma-ray observatory, INTEGRAL, has made a pioneering unequivocal discovery of radioactive iron-60 in our galaxy


RF communications: S-band for TT&C communications and X-band for SAR payload data download at a rate of 310 Mbit/s


The REPTile instrument is a loaded-disc collimated telescope designed to measure energetic electrons and protons with a signal to noise ratio of two or greater


S-6 will improve on its required performances for both LRM and SAR processing


Proceedings of the IAC 2005, Fukuoda, Japan, Oct.


Juno previously discovered that these winds, or jet streams, reach depths of about 2,000 miles (roughly 3,200 kilometers)


Still, the power margin is very good and appears sufficient to comfortably operate the satellite without additional power constraints until the end of the current mission extension


Kepler-47d is the largest of the three planets in the Kepler-47 system


High-altitude electrical discharges recently discovered by Juno and known as "shallow lightning"


The 1-D image is passed through the interferometer where the rays are split, slightly separated, and recombined to create an interference pattern


The cyclones at Jupiter's pole appear to share similarities with ocean vortices she studied during her time as a doctoral student


Poseidon-4 altimeter instrument, which was developed by ESA


The nominal intersatellite distance is 220 km


Every two years, all missions whose approved operations end within the following four years are subject to review


INTEGRAL’s ability to detect polarized gamma-radiation


The characteristic length results have shown an accuracy of about 2%


The GPS consists of a sawtooth pattern of observations along the visible parts of the Galactic Plane


As of end 2008 only 9 have been confirmed


Mean daily data throughput for BIROS with different data links (RF, optical) and OGS setups versus minimum link elevation


China Says Its Mars Landing Technology Is Ready for 2020,” IEEE Spectrum, 8 November 2019, URL: https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/aerospace/ https://spectrum.ieee


The FTIR-spectrometer is mounted outside the Priroda module


Aluminum-26 (26AL), first discovered in 1978


We have already found Earths around red dwarf stars


The STEREO S/C bus consists of a box-like structure of size 2.03 m x 1.22 m x 1.14 m


Using observations from NASA's ICON mission, scientists presented the first direct measurements of Earth's long-theorized dynamo on the edge of space


The careful efforts by scientists throughout the world to archive the digital-sounding data and assemble the data into large databases have provided much-improved access to the 30-year mapping effort


The two CO2M satellites are scheduled to be launched sequentially in 2026 and are qualified to operate as a constellation for 7.5 years in orbit


All the lightning signals recorded by spacecraft [Voyagers 1 and 2, Galileo, Cassini] were limited to either visual detections or from the kilohertz range of the radio spectrum


The satellite has helped scientists make great strides in understanding the gamma-ray universe


Exposure duration 1 image every 12 seconds


A software patch allowing JIRAM's operation is expected to be available prior to the next perijove pass on Feb. 2, 2017


The infrared imagery collected by the spacecraft's Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) instrument


X-ray systems with 2 µs intervals between frames


Lemur-2, eight 3U CubeSats built by Spire Global Inc., San Francisco, CA


ESA appointed Alenia Spazio, Italy, as industrial prime contractor


The mission operations center responsible for satellite control is located at ESOC in Germany


The SMART Nav algorithms and the spacecraft avionics successfully demonstrated TRL- 6


Demonstrate the newly developed CAST-mini bus and CAST-micro bus designs in space


The downlink data rate is variable up to about 720 kbit/s


This allows the FOV to be directed toward the local magnetic field for nighttime imaging observations along the magnetic field


We have also recently developed a strong reliance on broadcast navigation signals such as those provided by GPS satellites


Semi-major axis, eccentricity 7714.432261 km


MOC (Mission Operations Center) at HTSI (Honeywell Technology Solutions Inc.) facility in Columbia, Maryland


Spacecraft launch mass, design life ~ 120 kg


A small but evolving dent in Earth's magnetic field can cause big headaches for satellites


The deployed solar panels are 16 m across


Their brightness fluctuated much less than that of the other group


The planet is located at 4.5 times the distance from the Sun to the Earth


A single field flattening lens mounted onto an Invar carrier


Others may be closer to Earth in temperature, such as TRAPPIST-1d


Region of Marseille imaged by VENµS on 18 August 2017


OBDH redundancy can be managed by CPDU (Command Pulse Distribution Unit) commands sent from the ground station


Based on a star's flux, or the total amount of energy that is emitted in a certain area over a certain time


Each thruster is equipped with two CBH (Catalyzer Bed Heaters) and a PT 100 thermistor


The spacecraft pointing axis from the target in steps of 2.17º


When the LLITED satellites are ejected, they will power on


A typical data collect (observation) lasts from 6-30 s


A launch of IMS-1 as a secondary payload on a PSLV vehicle (PSLV-C9)


The radiometer channels at 18.7 GHz, 23.8 GHz, and 34.0 GHz


The ion density is derived from the ion saturation region


The electron density is a thousand times stronger than in a ‘normal’ pulsar


Data from the Sentinels feed into the Copernicus Services


The target body, at a diameter of ~160 m


Proceedings of the 64th International Astronautical Congress (IAC 2013), Beijing, China, Sept. 23-27, 2013


NASA’s Perseverance rover will arrive and make a soft landing attempt Feb. 18


This service will soon be supplemented by the MLS (Multi Launch Service)


The kinetic impact will occur in October of 2022


The mission name was changed from FRESIP to “Kepler” to honor the German astronomer (Johannes Kepler, 1571-1630)


The science return from the STEREO mission’s instruments has been excellent in the past years


STEREO Mission Celebrates Five Incredible Years of Science


The first nanosatellite to be deployed from the PSLV's fourth stage was AISTECHSAT-3 with a mass of 2.3 kg


Juno approaching Ganymede, passing within 645 miles (1,038 km) of the surface


A mosaic of 11 science windows of the GPS performed during revolution 36 is shown (starting on January 29)


PICASSO will measure the ozone distribution in the stratosphere, estimate the temperature profile up to the mesosphere, and characterise the plasma in the ionosphere


The solar-powered spacecraft's flyby will yield insights into the moon's composition


47th International Astronautical Congress, Oct.


Didymos will be at roughly V magnitude of 14-15 as viewed from Earth


One layer of plastic scintillator (20 x 18 x 0.5) cm3


Rafel Jordá Siquier, founder and CEO of Open Cosmos


Each spacecraft observed the CMEs from a different angle


Observation planned for Land, Ocean, Coastal, Validation


The spacecraft then came within approximately 8,818 km of the surface


The resulting overall satellite layout is shown in Figures 8 and 9


A bias voltage is applied across each detector


The data release features observations from ICON's four instruments — MIGHTI, FUV, EUV, and IVM


The accelerometer will support three linear plus three angular drag compensation DFAOCS control system


The amount of gamma-rays measured by INTEGRAL is about one thousand times less than what we would normally expect from a GRB


The HST (Hubble Space Telescope), and IRIS (Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph), which are both led by NASA


The DART payload consists of a high-resolution visible imager to support the primary mission objective of impacting the Didymos secondary


A total of 126 images from six elevation angles


Determine the distribution of sizes and shapes of the orbits of these planets


They can block high frequency radio communications as used, for example, by airline pilots


The CCCWE mission will measure these SEPs with the REPTile (Relativistic Electron and Proton Telescope integrated little experiment) instrument


Type of attitude stabilization 3-axis stabilized


Students test 'space postal service' during Foton mission,” May 10, 2007


MIGSI consists of three components: a Bayard-Alpert sensor, an accommodation chamber, and a controller


The other has a third of the mass of the Sun


They examined every component of the photon-pair source that would be used to generate quantum entanglement to see if it could be made smaller or more rugged


The S/C structure is of modular design built by General Dynamics (formerly Spectrum Astro Inc.) of Gilbert, AZ


There is a sharp drop in tension visible some seconds after Fotino release time (9344 s)


A 3U CubeSat form factor design with a size of 10 cm x 10 cm x 34 cm


Filter center wavelengths O('S) & O('D) 557.7 (±0.2) nm & 630.0 (±0.2) nm


ESA announced that the new High Resolution Microwave Radiometer, which was still under technical investigation, would be suppressed for affordability reasons


DART is directed by NASA's Planetary Defense Coordination Office to APL with support from several NASA centers: the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Goddard Space Flight Center, Johnson Space Center, Glenn Research Center and Langley Research Center


Each site having a landing ellipse of approximately 100 by 40 km


The Kepler Mission also supports the objectives of future NASA Origins theme missions TPF (Terrestrial Planet Finder)


The objective of JunoCam is to capture color pictures of Jupiter's cloud tops in visible light


The MPPS (Mono-Propellant Propulsion System) items are mounted on a separate support structure


The mission cost was estimated in three different ways to show that the mission cost could be accomplished for the available budget


ICON's first year of observations coincided with solar minimum


The plan was to execute an orbit-lowering manoeuvre on December 2, 2009


February 13, 2020: With only five weeks to go until launch


With 11 remote sensing/earth observation satellites orbiting in the space, India is a world leader in the remote sensing data market


Two star trackers and an inertial measurement unit provide the information necessary to keep the instrument suite continually pointing at the Earth's limb


The detector stack is housed in a tungsten (atomic number Z=74) chamber


TOGS will focus on data reception and BER measurements


Icy planetesimals likely were the carriers of materials like water and carbon compounds that are the fundamental building blocks of life


The objective is to explore the outer corona (2-15 Rsun) in white light and pB with high spatial and temporal resolutions


When a particularly strong storm of particles from the Sun reaches Earth, the Van Allen belts can become highly energized and the magnetic field can be deformed


Triple-junction solar cells (28% efficiency)


The PLASTIC solar wind ion instrument also uses the IMPACT IDPU


In addition, SWAVES is producing a 1 minute averaged dynamic spectrum


Kepler-1658 is 50% more massive and three times larger than the Sun


Performing QKD in space is attractive because atmospheric losses are much less at altitudes higher than 20 km above the Earth’s surface


Alessandro Mura, a Juno co-investigator from the National Institute for Astrophysics in Rome


The EPS manages the charge and discharge of the Li-Ion battery


Transfer to a lower altitude orbit from 720 km SSO to 410 km SSO


CNES is considering an extension of the PARASOL mission to cover also the year 2012


Like the dynamo in Earth's core, the dynamo in the atmosphere produces electromagnetic fields from motion


Pointing accuracy, knowledge 0.1º, 0.02º


The instruments' fields of view sweep across Jupiter about 400 times in the two hours


The area detector images 260 km in along-track and 128 km of cross-track area on ground in an integration time 78.45 ms


Measurements are taken from the top of the White Mountains


Coming as close as 10,000 km and as distant as 140,000 km from Earth


China hopes to ultimately land the rover in May in Utopia, a massive impact basin on Mars


S-band communication to download telemetry and experiment data at 2 Mbit/s


This figure plots the current positions of the STEREO Ahead (red) and Behind (blue) spacecraft relative to the Sun (yellow) and Earth (green)


The SAOCOM L-band system operates jointly with the Italian COSMO-SkyMed constellation in X-band


Sentinel-6 flies just 30 seconds behind Jason-3


Used an old 512 x 512 Reticon front-side illuminated CCD


If this gamma-ray flare had had a cosmic origin, either linked to the LIGO gravitational wave source or to any other astrophysical phenomenon in the Universe, it should have been detected by INTEGRAL as well


The symmetrical bright stripes in the north-south direction of the landing platform might be from fine dust when the landing platform emptied the remaining fuel after landing


This beacon signal is modulated with tracking and data signals


A scene in the FUV FOV with a mean brightness of 5 kR


For LLITED, the Aerospace receiver will be upgraded to include GPS L2 tracking, computation and output of pseudorange and Accumulated Doppler Range (ADR


Proceedings 5th EARSeL Workshop on Imaging Spectroscopy, Bruges, Belgium, April 23-25 2007


Such that they violate the CHSH (Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt) Bell’s inequality


SpacePharma from Israel will be on board SSMS POC with DIDO-3 Nanosatellite to perform biological experiments under Microgravity for several customers involved in the pharmaceutical business, supported by Italian Space Agency (ASI) and the Israeli Space Agency (ISA)


NASA'S STEREO Shows Comet ISON Approaching the Sun, Nov. 26, 2013


One final attribute of the ionosphere near the F-region peak, is the fact that it has a built-in memory of the previously applied dynamics


But what may be less well known is that auroras also emit X-rays


Each of which is 1cm thick and with a side of 15 cm


They calibrated their instrument on a known source: the Moon


In deep space, the solar wind is turbulent and gusty


A launch of MIOSat is scheduled for 2012 on a Vega launch vehicle


Data transmission is in UHF-band (306.775 MHz) at 9600 bit/s (downlink, BPSK modulated)


Option B (Cold Gas mode): ca. 118 mN per thruster


The dark spots on the sun gradually disappear from view, but continue to develop and reappear again after one rotation period


From a distance of more than 400 million miles (650 million km)


System Noise Figure ≤ 6.2 dB ≤ 6.5 dB ≤ 6


With a candidate landing site in Utopia Planitia


These electrically neutral, subatomic particles are notoriously difficult to detect because they interact with matter incredibly rarely


Heidi Becker, lead co-investigator of Juno's Stellar Reference Unit instrument at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory


Continued until the end of the visibility window at 22:14:36 on 25 January


The GPS data of HummerSat-1A is being cross-linked to HummerSat-1 at a rate of > 100 kbit/s


An artist's impression of the mechanisms in an interacting binary system


The Aerospace Corporation is providing the IG and CTECS-A sensors


Norbert Schartel, ESA's XMM-Newton project scientist


Geosat ERM-Mission Design,” Journal of the Astronautical Sciences, Vol. 35, No 2, April 1987


Near the magnetic equator the action of vertical drift perpendicular to the magnetic field will move plasma into a larger flux tube volume and thus tend to reduce the plasma density in the topside in a signature commonly called the equatorial anomaly


First ICON Science Data Released to Public," NASA ICON Mission, 22 June 2020


The secondary payloads (19 satellites) on this flight were: SkySat-3


At least two satellites with a 7 years lifetime each (5 years + 2 years consumables) are planned


Its next close flyby of Jupiter will occur on Feb. 2, 2017


European experiments successfully launched aboard Foton spacecraft


PICASSO will enable the study of space weather phenomena such as ionosphere-plasmasphere coupling, the subauroral ionosphere and corresponding magnetospheric features, auroral structure, polar cap arcs, ionospheric dynamics via coordinated observations with EISCAT’s heating radar, and turbulence in the partially ionized ionosphere


LTDN (Local Time on Descending Node) = 10:30 hours


Design, manufacturing, testing of the capsule of the second Young Engineers' Satellite


Mars-Directed CME Erupts from the Sun,” NASA, 22 April 2021


The on-board software is based on RTOS (Real-Time Operating System), implemented in assembly language, almost all other code is written in ANSI C


Projectiles up to 203 mm in diameter are launched


Kretschmer and his collaborators used the SPI (SPectrometer on INTEGRAL) instrument to search for the emission from the radioactive decay of 26Al


The expansion and contraction of the ocean surface is a good proxy for temperatures because warmer water expands to fill more volume, while cooler water contracts


Operational modes Stripmap TopSAR Stripmap high resolution TopSAR wide mode


April 15, 2014 Hypervelocity impact test


Juno lifted off from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida on Aug. 5, 2011, at 9:25 a.m. PDT


Zhurong, the Tianwen-1 mission’s rover, has descended from the landing platform to the surface of Mars, in the Utopia Planitia region, on 22 May 2021, at 02:40 UTC


It is estimated that the diameter of the largest impact crater in the images is around 620 meters