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nowadays , health care has been transformed to a patient - centered model , so that the patient plays a more active role in care . in this model ,
the patients and their relatives attend caregiving process as the main partners and are involved in health providers decision making , treatment , and administration of pr... | background : although today parents participation in taking care of hospitalized children is considered as an indispensable principle , it is still among the concepts with no consensus about .
the main objective of this study is to define parents participation in taking care of hospitalized children.materials and met... |
pttm ( pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy ) , synonymously termed microscopic pulmonary tumor embolism , is a rare condition , and cancer - related pulmonary complications characterized by rapidly progression of dyspnea and pulmonary hypertension occasionally cause sudden death 1 .
pttm is observed in 3.3% of... | key clinical messagepttm ( pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy ) is very difficult to diagnose before death .
we report a case of urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder associated with pttm in which an antemortem diagnosis by pmc ( pulmonary microvascular cytology ) .
pmc may represent the only chance f... |
laparoscopic pyeloplasty has emerged as the most common and widely accepted minimally invasive surgery for ureteropelvic junction obstruction ( upjo ) .
this technique has advantages of a high success rate similar to open pyeloplasty and low morbidity similar to endopyelotomy .
schuessler et al were the first autho... | background and objectives : to compare laparoscopic transperitoneal versus retroperitoneoscopic pyeloplasty for primary ureteropelvic junction obstruction in a prospective randomized manner and assess overall results with long - term follow-up.methods:in this prospective study , from 2008 to 2012 , 112 cases of primary... |
joint hypermobility is often described as an extreme variation of joint laxity causing a complex of musculoskeletal symptoms .
the most common criteria often used to identify individuals with joint hypermobility is a modification of the original score reported by beighton et al . , which developed based on the primar... | background : hypermobile joints are joints with beyond normal range of motion and may be associated with joint derangements .
this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of benign joint hypermobility syndrome ( bjhs ) among soldiers and effect of training courses on related joint instabilities.materials and methods :... |
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) is a progressive disease defined by an airflow limitation that is not fully reversible.1 patients with the disease exhibit pathologic features of emphysema and , to varying degrees , chronic bronchitis .
exacerbations , which can be life - threatening for certain patient... | purposeto estimate patient- and episode - level direct costs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) among commercially insured patients in the us.methodsin this retrospective claims - based analysis , commercial enrollees with evidence of copd were grouped into five mutually exclusive cohorts based on the mo... |
other side effects of chemotherapy are alopecia , stomatitis , immunosuppression , anorexia , nausea , and vomiting which result in a decreased functional capacity and quality of life for cancer patients .
5-fluorouracil ( 5-fu ) is a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat gastrointestinal , breast , pancreatic , and h... | chemotherapy treatments induce a number of side effects , such as leukopenia neutropenia , peripheral erythropenia , and thrombocytopenia , affecting the quality of life for cancer patients .
5-fluorouracil ( 5-fu ) is wieldy used as myeloablative model in mice .
the bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract ( bdle ) or ... |
previously our work on the l. casei preq1-ii riboswitch identified by breaker and co - workers resulted in crystals with x - ray diffraction limited to 5.6 resolution . in an effort to improve crystal quality , we conducted blastn refseq rna searches starting with the l. casei riboswitch sequence .
our goal was to... | preq1 riboswitches regulate genes by binding the pyrrolopyrimidine intermediate preq1 during biosynthesis of the essential trna base queuosine .
we report the first preq1-ii riboswitch structure at 2.3 resolution , which uses a novel fold to achieve effector recognition at the confluence of a three - way - helical j... |
newly developed miniaturized vision tests have allowed , in a clinically relevant way , to evaluate the influence of magnification and age on the near visual acuity of dentists .
the use of optical aids to improve manual precision has long been a tradition in many medical professions .
dentistry seems to be an idea... | objectivesthis study examined the near visual acuity of dentists in relation to age and magnification under simulated clinical conditions.materials and methodsminiaturized visual tests were performed in posterior teeth of a dental phantom head in a simulated clinical setting ( dental chair , operating lamp , dental mir... |
the main aim of pharmacotherapeutics is the attainment of effective drug concentration at the intended site of action for a sufficient period of time to elicit the response . amongst the various routes of drug delivery ,
the field of ocular drug delivery is one of the most interesting and challenging endeavors facing... | amongst the various routes of drug delivery , the field of ocular drug delivery is one of the most interesting and challenging endeavors facing the pharmaceutical scientist for past 10 - 20 years . as an isolated organ ,
eye is very difficult to study from a drug delivery point of view . despite this limitation ,
i... |
lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer . it is the leading cause of cancer - related deaths in males and the second cause of cancer - related deaths in females worldwide.1 non - small - cell histology comprises ~85% of lung cancers , and 75% of patients
are diagnosed at stages iii and iv.2,3 at the advance... | backgroundexposure to exogenous zinc results in increased apoptosis , growth inhibition , and altered oxidative stress in cancer cells .
previous studies also suggested that zinc sensitizes some cancer cells to cytotoxic agents depending on the p53 status .
therefore , zinc supplementation may show anticancer effic... |
over one million deaths occur worldwide each year as a result of lung cancer , and approximately 85% of these are from non - small - cell lung cancer ( nsclc).1 cytotoxic chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment for the majority of patients with advanced disease ; however , recent pivotal discoveries have led to ... | non - small - cell lung cancer ( nsclc ) is a heterogeneous disease and a challenging malignancy to treat , as many patients have advanced disease at the time of diagnosis .
recent advances have led to the identification of molecularly defined subtypes of nsclc , namely for patients with adenocarcinoma histology .
... |
mature microrna ( mirna ) molecules are approximately 22-nucleotide - long single - stranded rnas that generally repress the expression of protein coding genes .
specifically , they preferentially bind to 3 untranslated regions ( utrs ) of messenger rnas ( mrnas ) and interfere with their stability and translational ... | tarbase5.0 is a database which houses a manually curated collection of experimentally supported microrna ( mirna ) targets in several animal species of central scientific interest , plants and viruses .
mirnas are small non - coding rna molecules that exhibit an inhibitory effect on gene expression , interfering with... |
geographically and time - limited , they aim to build learning and capacity to inform country - wide implementation . between 2007 and 2011 ,
demonstration projects were the main approach to delivering new vaccines against human papillomavirus ( hpv ) to prevent cervical cancer in low - income and lower - middle - in... | abstractdemonstration projects or pilots of new public health interventions aim to build learning and capacity to inform country - wide implementation .
authors examined the value of hpv vaccination demonstration projects and initial national programmes in low - income and lower - middle - income countries , includin... |
the most common causes of severe mitral regurgitation ( mr ) in developing countries is rheumatic heart disease .
chronic left ventricular ( lv ) volume overload as a result of mr leads to compensatory dilatation of the left ventricle .
although this response initially maintains cardiac output , myocardial decompen... | background : the most common causes of severe mitral regurgitation ( mr ) in developing countries are rheumatic heart disease . the plasma level of b - type natriuretic peptide ( bnp ) is known to increase with left ventricular ( lv ) dysfunction.aim of the work : to study bnp level as an index of symptoms and severity... |
the integrated exposure uptake biokinetic ( ieubk ) model , recommended for use by the u.s .
environmental protection agency at residential superfund sites to predict potential risks to children from lead exposure and to establish lead remediation levels , requires an interindividual geometric standard deviation ( gs... | |
warts are mucocutaneous growths ( exo- or endophytic ) caused by human papilloma virus ( hpv ) .
common therapeutic modalities ablate the growth without the generation of specific immunity against the wart .
this often leads to irritation , pain , recurrence , scars , and prolonged morbidity ( especially in palmopl... | background : ideal treatment for warts should be effective , safe , have less morbidity and provide long - lasting immunity against human papilloma virus . this can optimally achieved by the stimulation of the immune system against the virus .
the autoimplantation of warts , autowart injection and quadrivalent vaccin... |
a classic dichotomy can illustrate this point : a given duration , say a minute , is not experientially invariant . specifically , when awaiting for something , or feeling bored or blue , time drags ; when entertained or absorbed in skillful performance , time flies ( i.e. , we are hardly aware of the minutes passing b... | for a given physical duration , certain events can be experienced as subjectively longer in duration than others .
try this for yourself : take a quick glance at the second hand of a clock . immediately
, the tick will pause momentarily and appear to be longer than the subsequent ticks . yet , they all last exactly... |
attentional problems are among the most consistently reported cognitive impairments related to prematurity ( aarnoudse - moens et al . , 2009 ; anderson , 2014 ; bhutta et al . , 2002 ; hack et al . , 2009 ; jaekel et al . , 2013b ; mulder et al . , 2009 ; wilson - ching et al . , 2013 ) ,
this is supported by many b... | very preterm birth is associated with an increased prevalence of attention problems and may especially impair executive attention , i.e. , top - down control of attentional selection in situations where distracting information interferes with the processing of task - relevant stimuli . while there are initial findings ... |
migraine originated from a greece term meaning hemicraine or half of the head ( 1 ) , usually associated with episodes of strong unilateral pulsating headache ( 2 ) .
migraine disorder shows a high - related relevancy ; approximately 50% of migraine cases have a first - degree related as a migraine sufferer ( 3 )... | background : migraine is a common debilitating primary headache disorder with current head pain attacks , which contributes to physical activity dysfunctions in chronic pain phase . pge2 and pgi2 are two important prostaglandins synthesised by cox-2 enzymes , involved in migraine pain signals .
cox-2 modulation is es... |
it can be classified into two broad categories : acute - onset and delayed - onset . according to endophthalmitis vitrectomy study , infection occurring within 6 weeks
after cataract surgery was defined as acute - onset and after 6 weeks as delayed - onset.1 these two categories differ in their microbiological spectr... | the objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates in delayed post - cataract surgery endophthalmitis .
a retrospective review of 33 consecutive patients with culture proven delayed post - cataract surgery endophthalmitis was done from january 2006 to... |
endothelial nitric oxide synthase ( enos ) is a crucial enzyme for vascular physiology ; its reduced activity during ageing is associated with increased susceptibility to cardio- and cerebro - vascular diseases .
moreover , in mice lacking enos , caloric restriction does not exert its positive effects in delaying age... | aimsageing is associated with impairment of endothelial nitric oxide synthase ( enos ) and progressive reduction in endothelial function . a genetic study on long - living individuals who are characterized by delays in ageing and in the onset of cardiovascular disease
previously revealed i229v ( rs2070325 ) in bacte... |
intraocular pressure ( iop ) is a major risk factor for the development of glaucoma .
it is generally believed that postural changes have a greater effect on the iop in glaucomatous eyes than in normal eyes [ 3 , 68 ] .
in addition to the supine position being an important contributor to the iop elevation observed ... | background . to investigate the correlation between intraocular pressure ( iop ) fluctuation with postural change and iop in relation to the time course after trabeculectomy . methods .
a total of 29 patients who had previously undergone primary trabeculectomy with mitomycin c were examined .
iop was obtained at 1 ... |
cervical cancer is the second most frequent cancer in women in the world , comprising about 10% of all human cancers . a current summary report from who indicates that there are about 500 thousand women diagnosed with cervical cancer , of whom about 270 thousand women die from the disease every year . in china ,
a to... | human papillomavirus ( hpv ) l1 virus - like particles ( vlps ) were proven an effective vaccine candidate to prevent against hpv-16 and -18 infections . in order to evaluate the potency of our produced hpv-16 and -18 l1 vlps - based vaccine candidates , also to quantify neutralizing antibodies induced by them ,
a 2-... |
stroke is the most common cerebrovascular disease and the most frequent cause of death as a
single disease despite advancements in modern medical technology and increased awareness .
activities of daily living are limited by the disability in sensory , motor , and cognitive
and emotional control functions seen fo... | [ purpose ] this study aimed to examine the effect of upper extremity training in the
standing position on trunk alignment of patients with stroke . [ subjects and methods ]
twelve stroke patients
were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups : a group of
six patients in a sitting position and a group ... |
disease registries are important tools for tracking disease trends or treatment outcomes.123 the health / disease registry could be hospital / clinic - based or population based .
the former is used for a specific disease irrespective of the location of the case .
alternately , a population based registry is used t... | in this brief communication , we present the steps used to establish a web - based congenital glaucoma registry at our institution .
the contents of a case report form ( crf ) were developed by a group of glaucoma subspecialists .
information technology ( it ) specialists used lime survey softwaretm to create an el... |
the synthesis of high - quality
colloidal core shell quantum
dots ( qds ) is usually performed in organic solvents . from these solvents , they can be processed and used in numerous
applications in optoelectronics and photovoltaics . alternatively ,
the qds can be subsequently transferred into aqueous solution... | ligand cross - linking is known to
improve the colloidal stability
of nanoparticles , particularly in aqueous solutions .
however , most
cross - linking is performed chemically , in which it is difficult to
limit interparticle cross - linking , unless performed at low concentrations .
photochemical cross - ... |
a 51-year - old male patient with diabetes was admitted to the division of pulmonology with the chief complaints of fever and hemoptysis .
a chest computed tomography scan was performed for the evaluation of persistent fever and recurrent pleural effusion , and it showed pulmonary embolism at bilateral multiple segme... | a 51-year - old male was admitted to the hospital with complaints of fever and hemoptysis .
after evaluation of the fever focus , he was diagnosed with pulmonary valve infective endocarditis . thus pulmonary valve replacement and antibiotics therapy were performed and discharged .
he was brought to the emergency un... |
child abuse is a serious social health problem all over the world with important adverse effects .
this is an issue concerning millions of children and families which influence significantly children of any ethnicity , color , social status and religion and encompasses all ages ( before birth , in infancy , childhood... | backgroundchild abuse is a serious social health problem all over the world with important adverse effects.objectivesthe aim of this study was to extend our understanding of the relation between mental disorders and child abuse.materials and methodsthe study was designed as a cross - sectional survey on 700 students in... |
subcuteneous swelling as metastases are an uncommon presenting feature for primary solid tumors like lung cancer usually in the range of 1.52.6% .
it is important to distinguish such metastases from a soft - tissue mass as they may represent the first clinical sign of an occult tumor . in this report
, we describe ... | subcutaneous swelling as first clinical presentation of small cell lung carcinoma is uncommon and rarely reported in literature .
this case highlights a rare presentation in which subcutaneous swelling was the first clinical manifestation of a small cell carcinoma of lung which also had metastasis to rib bone , muscl... |
the overall death rate has been significantly reduced in the last decades , but depending on subtype and stage , still a significant portion of patients will suffer from relapse or even die of the disease [ 1 , 2 ] .
while up to 70% of patients with breast cancer can be cured nowadays , a significant proportion of th... | breast cancer is a complex disease , whose heterogeneity is increasingly recognized . despite considerable improvement in breast cancer treatment and survival , a significant proportion of patients seems to be over- or undertreated . to date , single clinicopathological parameters show limited success in predicting the... |
species of the genus leishmania are the causative agents of various parasitic infections which manifest itself in a variety of clinical forms depending upon the species of leishmania and the immunological status of the host .
leishmania donovani is the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis ( vl ) or kala - azar ... | leishmania donovani are the causative agents of visceral leishmaniasis worldwide .
lack of vaccines and emergence of drug resistance warrants the need for improved drug therapy and newer therapeutic intervention strategies against leishmaniasis . in the present study , we have investigated the effect of the natural i... |
paclitaxel ( ptx ) is one of the most effective antitumor drugs found in nature in the past few decades.1,2 it promotes polymerization of tubulin dimers , which results in the formation of highly stable nonfunctional microtubules in the absence of guanosine triphosphate and microtubule - associated proteins , ultimatel... | backgrounda nanoscale injectable in situ - forming hydrogel drug delivery system was developed in this study .
the system was based on a self - assembling peptide rada16 solution , which can spontaneously form a hydrogel rapidly under physiological conditions .
we used the rada16 hydrogel for the controlled release... |
type 1 diabetes ( t1d ) can cause significant stress in the affected children , due to its chronic nature and multipronged management ; involving multiple daily injections , blood glucose monitoring , dietary restrictions , and risk of complications . in developing countries , financial constraints , suboptimal health ... | background and aims : the psychological stress associated with type 1 diabetes ( t1d ) may be higher in children from developing world due to limited health resources .
the aims of the study were to assess the quality of life ( qol ) , emotional well - being , behavioral , and cognitive profile of children / adolesce... |
nasopharyngeal angiofibromas are relatively rare tumors that represent 0.5% of all head and neck neoplasms and they predominantly occur in adolescent males ( 1 ) .
this type of tumor originates from the region of the sphenopalatine foramen . in most cases
, imaging studies will demonstrate a widening of the pterygo... | nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a relatively uncommon vascular tumor affecting adolescent males and it characteristically originates in the posterior lateral wall of the nasopharynx .
primary extra - nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is very rare .
here , i present a case of angiofibroma of the parapharyngeal space in a 5... |
icu = intensive care unit ; ifn = interferon ; il = interleukin ; lps = lipopolysaccharide ; pcr = polymerase chain reaction ; tlr = toll - like receptor ; tnf = tumour necrosis factor .
hg , te , and sf planned , drafted , read , and approved the final manuscript .
this article is part of a review series on inf... | international guidelines concerning the management of patients with sepsis , septic shock and multiple organ failure make no reference to the nature of the infecting organism . indeed
, most clinical signs of sepsis are nonspecific . in contrast , in vitro data suggest that there are mechanistic differences between b... |
impaired insulin sensitivity ( is ) plays a crucial role in the development of type 2 diabetes ( t2d ) , but its relevance for the occurrence of ischemic stroke still remains unclear . in that context , some studies suggested that decreased is , for example , insulin resistance , is an established risk factor for ische... | we analyzed ( a ) insulin sensitivity ( is ) , ( b ) plasma insulin ( pi ) , and ( c ) plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 ( pai-1 ) in type 2 diabetes ( t2d ) patients with ( group a ) and without ( group b ) atherothrombotic ischemic stroke ( atis ) , nondiabetics with atis ( group c ) , and healthy controls ( group d ... |
worry is conventionally studied within the anxiety disorders , but it has recently been given prominence in a theoretical account of persecutory delusions ( freeman , 2007 ) .
worry brings more implausible paranoid ideas to mind , keeps them there , and escalates the distress .
there is increasing evidence to suppo... | worry has traditionally been considered in the study of common emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression , but recent studies indicate that worry may be a causal factor in the occurrence and persistence of persecutory delusions .
the effect of worry on processes traditionally associated with psychosis has no... |
continuation of psychopharmacotherapy is essential for the clinical outcome of depressive and anxiety disorders ; however , factors that affect their discontinuation are not fully known . in clinical trials ,
discontinuation of antidepressants has been attributed to lack of clinical response , adverse effects , pharm... | objectivethe aims of the present study were to analyze the association between discontinuation of paroxetine ( pax ) and the genetic variants of the polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene - linked polymorphic region ( 5-httlpr ) in japanese patients with panic disorder ( pd ) and major depressive disorder ( mdd... |
in endodontics , we sometimes encounter complexities in the treatment of traumatized immature permanent teeth , particularly when the vital pulp exposure occurs in cases with incomplete root formation .
traumatic injuries are the most common threats to the vitality and integrity of developing teeth since trauma may j... | this case report describes the treatment of two immature maxillary central incisors in a 7-year - old female patient .
she suffered complicated crown fracture because of trauma , and the root formation was incomplete .
white mineral trioxide aggregate ( mta ) was selected as the pulp - capping material after cervic... |
the assembly of the human genome from whole - genome - shotgun sequence reads was once deemed impossible , and the probable outcome was dubbed the ' mad magazine version of the human genome ' .
this may have referred to mad 's fold - in back cover , where a drawing and the caption under it are folded twice to reveal ... | annotation of the human genome is inching forward .
seven human chromosomes have now been fully annotated , covering 17 per cent of the genome , and at least one chromosome has been re - annotated .
the enormity of the task forces a dependence on automated tools for detecting and assembling the genes , followed by ... |
chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy ( cidp ) is an uncommon progressive or relapsing paralyzing disease caused by inflammation of the peripheral nerves .
cidp is characterized by the occurrence of symmetrical weakness in both proximal and distal muscles , which progressively increases for more t... | a 32-year - old man experienced double vision around january , 2010 , followed by weakness of his left upper and lower extremities .
articulation disorders and loss of hearing in his left ear developed , and he was admitted to our hospital on february 14 , 2010 .
physical examination was normal , and neurological e... |
one of the reasons for this could be the risks in delivery system , and sometime lawsuits could be held between obstetrician and pregnant women .
it is debatable whether this shortage can be attributed to the decrease in the absolute number of obstetricians or a maldistribution .
a theory proposed by newhouse jp in... | objective .
we investigated the effects of the centralization of obstetricians and obstetric care facilities on the perinatal mortality rate in japan . methods .
we used the gini coefficient as an index to represent the centralization of obstetricians and obstetric care facilities .
the gini coefficients were cal... |
it maintains the plasma calcium level by reabsorbing calcium from the bones and kidney and promoting the production of active vitamin d1 ) .
after thyroid surgery is a common cause of hypoparathyroidism , a congenital disorder is the most common cause in childhood2 ) .
digeorge syndrome , which is associated with d... | the calcium sensing receptor ( casr ) plays an important role in calcium homeostasis . activating mutations of casr cause autosomal dominant hypocalcemia by affecting parathyroid hormone secretion in parathyroid gland and calcium resorption in kidney .
they can also cause a type 5 bartter syndrome by inhibiting the a... |
ethical approval was obtained from the university college london institute of child health / great ormond street hospital for children joint research ethics committee , and written consent was obtained from patients and/or parents .
dna was extracted from 2 patients with hypopituitarism and features of charge and the... | introduction : charge syndrome is a multisystem disorder that , in addition to kallmann syndrome / isolated hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism , has been associated with anterior pituitary hypoplasia ( aph ) .
however , structural abnormalities such as an ectopic posterior pituitary ( epp ) have not yet been described in... |
surgical site infections ( ssis ) , a significant postoperative complication , can lead to considerable patient morbidity and mortality . preventing ssis is an essential factor in improving the results of surgical procedures .
various factors may be associated with frequency of ssis in laparoscopic cholecystectomies ... | aim . to assess the occurrence of ssis in patients with spillage of gallbladder contents and bacteriobilia during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
. methods .
we evaluated 113 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy between september 2013 and april 2015 .
the ssis and their relationship with gallbladder r... |
when human participants are not engaged in any specific task a set of brain regions can be observed to be active ( shulman et al . , 1997 ) .
collectively this set of regions is now commonly referred to as the default mode network
( dmn ; raichle et al . , 2001 ; buckner et al . , 2008 ) .
regions of the dmn oft... | the default mode network ( dmn ) of the brain consists of areas that are typically more active during rest than during active task performance .
recently however , this network has been shown to be activated by certain types of tasks .
social cognition , particularly higher - order tasks such as attributing mental ... |
muscle contraction produces force and change in the muscle s length , i.e. , velocity .
skeletal muscles are primarily classified into parallel muscles and
pennate muscles , based on the muscle s form and structure . in parallel muscles , the
shortening velocity is faster and the range of motion is larger because... | [ purpose ] the tendinous inscription divides the semitendinosus muscle into the proximal
and distal compartments .
it was hypothesized that there are functional differences between
those compartments .
[ subjects and methods ] seven adult males performed knee flexion and
hip extension in the prone position .... |
von hippel lindau ( vhl ) disease is a rare inherited condition affecting 1 in 36 000 births and is associated with the development of various multi - system tumours , including haemangioblastomas , phaeochromocytomas , renal cell carcinomas , endolymphatic sac tumours and papillary cystadenomas of the epididymis ( in... | papillary cystadenomas of the epididymis are known to occur in association with von hippel lindau ( vhl ) disease .
the development of a papillary cystadenocarcinoma , its malignant counterpart , is rare with only a few sporadic cases reported in the literature .
metastatic deposits are exceedingly uncommon ; in f... |
anterior cruciate ligament ( acl ) reconstruction improves stability and function of the knee and reduces the risk of chondral and meniscal injuries .
however , it does not seem to protect the knee from degenerative arthritic changes in all patients1 ) .
hence , the techniques in acl reconstruction continue to evol... | purposethe purpose of the study was to identify the femoral tunnel orientation that consistently results in a tunnel length of more than 35 mm in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.materials and methodscomputed tomography ( ct ) scans were obtained from 30 patients who did not have any pathology in the distal fe... |
targets of treatment in patients with st - elevation myocardial infarction ( stemi ) are alleviating the ischemic symptoms , preventing the complications , and restoring the coronary blood flow .
fibrinolysis and primary percutaneous coronary intervention ( pci ) are the reperfusion therapies in stemi .
primary pci... | abstractstent thrombosis is a rare but potentially fatal complication of percutaneous coronary interventions ( pcis ) . in recent years
, the predictive and prognostic value of the red cell distribution width ( rdw ) as an indicator of inflammation has been shown in many cardiovascular diseases .
aim of this study ... |
a 77yearold man complained of slight shortness of breath , and was referred to our hospital due to enlarging mediastinal / hilar lymphadenopathy with calcification and right pleural effusion on computed tomography ( ct ) ( fig .
chest ct on parenchymal ( a ) and mediastinal ( b ) window settings showed right pleural ... | key clinical messagea 77yearold man was referred to our hospital due to enlarging mediastinal / hilar lymphadenopathy with calcification .
endobronchial ultrasoundguided transbronchial needle aspiration ( ebustbna ) and bone marrow aspiration were performed .
subsequently , monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined sig... |
this study was approved by institutional review boards at baylor college of medicine ( houston , tx , usa ) , the gulf coast regional blood center ( houston ) , and the south texas tissue and blood center ( san antonio , tx , usa ) .
blood donors residing in the greater san antonio , texas , area who had t. cruzi ant... | chagas disease , caused by trypanosoma cruzi , is a major neglected tropical disease affecting the americas .
the epidemiology of this disease in the united states is incomplete .
we report evidence of likely autochthonous vectorborne transmission of t. cruzi and health outcomes in t. cruzi seropositive blood dono... |
in most sexually reproducing species , anisogamy presents a dichotomy in reproductive investments , where smaller and more numerous male gametes must typically compete for the fewer and larger female gametes .
males therefore typically compete for additional mating whereas females typically allocate their resources i... | males have evolved a variety of behavioral , morphological , and physiological traits to manipulate their mates in order to maximize their chances of success .
these traits are bound to influence how females respond to male behaviors and influence the nature of sexual selection / conflict .
a common consequence of ... |
molybdenum ( mo ) was discovered by swedish chemist peter jacob hjelm in 1781 , and its radioactive isotopes are made using light - particle reactions , fusion - evaporation reactions , neutron- and charged particle - induced fission , and projectile fragmentation or fission ( advameg 2015 ; parker and thoennessen 2012... | abstractthe ministry of health ( moh ) in the state of kuwait currently depends on importing the radioisotope molybdenum ( mo ) in its isotopic form ( 99mo ) to fulfill its demands .
the present study was conducted on all nuclear medicine departments in the state of kuwait .
daily , weekly , and monthly data were a... |
hibernoma is a rare , benign , slow - growing tumor of brown fat origin the majority occurring in the extremities and the neck .
the presacral location is rare , although a few cases in the retroperitoneum have been described in the literature.[25 ] we describe a case of presacral hibernoma with radiologic - patholog... | hibernoma is a rare benign tumor of brown fat origin .
it is found in locations where brown adipose tissue is present in the fetus .
these locations include the neck , axilla , thorax , and extremities .
retroperitoneal hibernoma is an extremely rare site of presentation .
we present a rare case of presacral hi... |
cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide , with more than 2150 deaths each day .
many studies have found a direct relationship between levels of low - density lipoprotein ( ldl ) cholesterol ( or total cholesterol ) and the rate of new - onset coronary heart disease ( chd ) in men and w... | backgroundcardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide and studies have found a direct relationship between levels of low - density lipoprotein cholesterol and coronary heart disease .
statins are the most commonly prescribed medications to lower cholesterol , a major controllable risk fact... |
recurrent lateral dislocation of the patella is difficult to treat because of many complex contributing factors such as generalized ligamentous laxity , inadequate medial retinacular tissue , insufficient trochlear groove restraint , patellar tendon length abnormalities , limb alignment torsional abnormalities , and ot... | backgroundmedial patellofemoral ligament ( mpfl ) reconstruction has become an accepted technique to treat patellofemoral instability , and numerous surgical techniques have been described to reconstruct the mpfl .
we describe a mpfl reconstruction procedure where bone - fascia tunnel fixation occurs at the medial ma... |
the
development of inexpensive and efficient photovoltaic devices
is still a topic of high scientific importance .
the vast majority
of today s commercially available photovoltaic elements are
based on inorganic semiconductors .
the impressive advancements in
the field of organic semiconductors within the... | a model
organic semiconductor ( mdmo - ppv ) was used for testing a
modified version of a photoelectrochemical scanning droplet cell microscope
( pe - sdcm ) adapted for use with nonaqueous electrolytes and containing
an optical fiber for localized illumination .
the most attractive features
of the pe - sdc... |
all experimental procedures were in accordance with the guidelines of the institutional
animal ethical committee .
animal maintenance and handling were in accordance with the indian
national institute of nutrition guidelines
.
all diets were formulated according to american institute of nutrition ( ain)-93 g ... | long - chain pufa ( lc - pufa ) are important for fetal and neonatal brain development .
however , their accretion in the brain is compromised during maternal protein restriction .
hence , we investigated the effect of maternal supplementation with n-3
dha plus n-6 arachidonic acid ( ara ) at a low protein level ... |
the concept of mental health is a state of health in which a person knows his abilities , can deal with normal life pressures , can be fruitful to the community , and can also have the power of decision - making and participation .
self - esteem means the acceptance and a value that a person feels in him .
psycholo... | background : the students vulnerability to different problems can have an impact on their mental health . regarding the lack of evidence on the effectiveness of interventional programs based on health education planning models in this area in developing countries , an educational - participatory program based on the pr... |
this study was initiated in july 2000 as a prospective survey of patients with type 2 diabetes who were in long - term follow - up in a single diabetes clinic at austin health , melbourne , australia .
austin health is a major university teaching hospital and a tertiary referral center , serving a population of appro... | objectivemany guidelines recommend that patients with type 2 diabetes should aim to reduce their intake of salt .
however , the precise relationship between dietary salt intake and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes has not been previously explored.research design and methodssix hundred and thirty - eight pat... |
proteomics - grade porcine trypsin , ethanol , high - performance liquid chromatography ( hplc)-grade acetonitrile , formic acid , urea , phosphate buffered saline ( pbs ) , sodium hydroxide , tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane ( tris ) , and xylenes were purchased from sigma - aldrich corp .
( st . louis , mo , usa ) .... | purposeto quantify protein changes in the morphologically distinct remodeling zone ( rz ) and adjacent regions of the human lens outer cortex using spatially directed quantitative proteomics.methodslightly fixed human lens sections were deparaffinized and membranes labeled with fluorescent wheat germ agglutinin ( wga -... |
antitumor necrosis factor - alpha ( tnf- ) agents are widely used for effective treatment of autoimmune rheumatic and dermatological diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) , ankylosing spondylitis ( sa ) , psoriasis ( ps ) , or psoriatic arthritis ( psa ) .
nevertheless , anti - tnf- agents have been associated... | introduction .
antitumor necrosis factor - alpha ( tnf- ) agents are widely used for treatment of rheumatic and dermatological diseases .
we conducted the systematic review and meta - analysis to assess the prevalence of hbv reactivation among patients treated with anti - tnf-. methods and findings .
a comprehens... |
there have been multiple reported cases of bilateral quadriceps tendon ruptures ( qtr ) in the literature .
these injuries frequently associated with delayed diagnosis , which results in delayed surgical treatment . in very unusual cases , bilateral qtrs can be associated with other simultaneous tendon ruptures .
w... | introduction : there have been multiple reported cases of bilateral quadriceps tendon ruptures ( qtr ) in the literature . these injuries frequently associated with delayed diagnosis , which results in delayed surgical treatment . in very unusual cases , bilateral qtrs can be associated with other simultaneous tendon r... |
the oral administration of red ginseng root ( p. ginseng ) extracts has long been used to treat various diseases , including liver and kidney dysfunction , hypertension , non - insulin - dependent diabetes mellitus , and postmenopausal disorders , in china , korea , and japan .
topical applications have also been use... | ginseng roots ( panax ginseng ca meyer ) have been used traditionally for the treatment , especially prevention , of various diseases in china , korea , and japan .
both experimental and clinical studies suggest ginseng roots to have pharmacological effects in patients with life - style - related diseases such as non... |
in the absence of a
vaccine and in lieu of a cure , antiretroviral
combination therapy has been the main form of treatment for individuals
infected with hiv .
as is the case with treatment of most rapidly evolving
viruses / diseases , drug resistance decreases the effectiveness of treatment .
the high repli... | hiv-1 protease inhibitors are part
of the highly active antiretroviral
therapy effectively used in the treatment of hiv infection and aids .
darunavir ( drv ) is the most potent of these inhibitors , soliciting
drug resistance only when a complex combination of mutations occur
both inside and outside the prot... |
in the past few decades , there has been a growing interest in the development of artificial nano - materials .
one class of material such as this is photonic crystals ( pcs ) , which are periodic dielectric or semiconductor structures that display a photonic band gap ( pbg ) in their electromagnetic wave transmissio... | in this work , the absorption coefficient of a metallic photonic crystal doped with nanoparticles has been obtained using numerical simulation techniques .
the effects of quantum interference and the concentration of doped particles on the absorption coefficient of the system have been investigated .
the nanopartic... |
oral submucous fibrosis ( osf ) is a chronic condition almost exclusively occurring among indians and to a lesser extent in the other asiatic people . however , with the increase in immigration of people from the indian subcontinent , dental professionals in many developed countries will encounter this disease in the n... | background : oral submucous fibrosis ( osf ) is a precancerous condition of the oral mucosa .
existing treatments give only temporary symptomatic relief .
colchicine is an ancient drug with anti - fibrotic and anti - inflammatory properties .
we planned to study the effects of colchicine in the management of oral... |
professionals athlete must exercise at high intensity with restricted rest times between attempts ; thus recovery methods in sport can aid athletes to improve performance in competitions . in order to enhancement function , a kind of post - exercise recovery interventions are frequently utilized to improve recovery fro... | background : after exercise , recovery is very essential in professional sport .
athletes use sport beverages to enhance endurance and physical performance .
the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dough versus non - alcoholic beer and carbohydrate ( cho ) fluid on performance , lipids profile , inf... |
nephrectomy is a common operation that is performed for neoplasms , trauma , living organ donation , and other disease conditions that make retention of the organ undesirable . in 2013 ,
estimates of 45,610 unilateral total nephrectomies and 19,610 partial nephrectomies were performed in the united states .
the out... | abstractwithout risk - adjusted outcomes of surgical care across both the inpatient and postacute period of time , hospitals and surgeons can not evaluate the effectiveness of current performance in nephrectomy and other operations , and will not have objective metrics to gauge improvements from care redesign efforts.w... |
the cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments of eukaryotic cells are separated by the nuclear envelope ( ne ) .
the double membrane of the ne is perforated by nuclear pore complexes ( npcs ) , which are large multiprotein complexes that support passive diffusion of small molecules , and facilitate receptor - mediated tra... | the spatial separation between the cytoplasm and the cell nucleus necessitates the continuous exchange of macromolecular cargo across the double - membraned nuclear envelope .
being the only passageway in and out of the nucleus , the nuclear pore complex ( npc ) has the principal function of regulating the high throu... |
colorectal cancer ( crc ) is a common malignancy and a leading cause of cancer death worldwide , and the incidence of crc is increasing rapidly in eastern countries including korea as a result of recent changes in diet and lifestyle .
the primary treatment of crc is a complete resection in stage i - iii patients foll... | purposesplenomegaly is a clinical surrogate of oxaliplatin - induced sinusoidal obstruction syndrome ( sos ) .
we investigated development of splenomegaly and its association with treatment outcome and genetic polymorphisms following adjuvant 5-fluorouracil , leucovorin , and oxaliplatin ( folfox ) in colorectal canc... |
resistance to insulin is characteristic of metabolic syndrome ( mets ) , which is defined as a cluster of the following cardiovascular risk factors : central obesity , impaired glucose tolerance , dyslipidemia , and hypertension .
mets constitutes a major health problem , as it is strongly associated with type 2 diab... | background .
there are different metabolic syndrome traits among patients with different ethnicities . methods .
we investigated this by studying 44 south asians and 54 europeans and classified them in three groups according to the occurrence of metabolic syndrome ( mets ) and type 2 diabetes ( t2d ) .
insulin se... |
host genetic factors are major determinants of susceptibility to infectious disease in humans ( 1 ) .
htlv - i is a persistent virus , infecting 10 - 20 million people worldwide .
most infected people remain healthy , but 1 - 2% develops a progressive paralytic myelopathy ( htlv - i - associated myelopathy ; ham / ... | objective(s ) : htlvi-1 is the first human retrovirus with limited endemic regions in the world .
the epidemiological studies have shown that the genetic background and immune response to the virus have a significant role in htlv - i - associated diseases . among the genes
are involved in htlv - i infection , the r... |
it is characterized by acute inflammatory response which causes coronary plaque rupture with subsequent thrombosis .
accumulating evidence showed that inflammation and immune cell activation play a key role in collagen loss in the fibrous cap which is a prelude to fibrous cap rupture [ 3 , 4 ] . the extent of cardiac... | objective . the proapoptotic protein , granzyme b ( gzb ) , was identified as a contributor to the atherosclerotic plaque instability and recently as inflammatory activator .
we studied the release kinetics of gzb and other markers of inflammation such as high sensitivity c reactive protein ( hscrp ) , interleukin 18... |
cilj ove multicentrine studije bio je da se rezultati sedam automatizovanih komercijalnih imunoeseja uporede sa referentnom tehnikom hplc .
je , podeljeno u alikvote , smrznuto i poslato laboratorijama koje su uestvovale u istraivanju .
je pomou referentnog sistema hplc i pomou sedam automatizovanih komercijalnih i... | summarybackgroundthe measurement of 25oh vitamin d continues to grow in clinical laboratories .
the aim of this multi - center study was to compare the results of seven automated commercial immunoassays with a reference hplc technique.methodsone hundred and twenty consecutive outpatient serum samples were centrifuged... |
activation of the cellular arm of the immune system is seen as the first biological event after administration of immunotherapy , and consequently , measurement of such a response ( mostly t - cell response ) is of great interest .
a variety of bioassays exist for immune monitoring , including the enzyme - linked imm... | unlike chemotherapy , which acts directly on the tumor , cancer immunotherapies exert their effects on the immune system and demonstrate new kinetics that involve building a cellular immune response , followed by changes in tumor burden or patient survival .
thus , adequate design and evaluation of some immunotherapy... |
newly synthesized proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum ( er ) , are transported via a series of membrane - bound shuttles or vesicles to and between the golgi apparatus , where their content proteins undergo various post - translational modifications such as glycosylation , to mature .
specialized transport vesicles... | abstractcellular protein transport and secretion is fundamental to the very existence of an organism , regulating important physiological functions such as reproduction , digestion , energy production , growth , neurotransmission , hormone release , water and ion transport , etc .
, all required for the survival and ... |
the quality and commercial value of american cranberry fruit
( vaccinium macrocarpon ait ) are determined by their color
.
anthocyanins have important therapeutic values ,
including antitumor [ 2 ,
3 ] , antiulcer , antioxidant ,
and anti - inflammatory activities .
six anthocyanins have
been reported i... | anthocyanins are a group of plant antioxidants
known for their therapeutic use .
the effects of natural light ,
red light , and far - red light on individual as well as total
anthocyanin content in cranberry fruit ( vaccinium
macrocarpon ait ) were examined in an experimental setting
designed to mimic water... |
soft tissue infection often occurs after injuries , which , if not treated appropriately , could slow wound healing and further deteriorate the patient s condition [ 13 ] . thus , prevention and treatment of infection remains a major challenge for clinical surgeons .
vacuum sealing drainage ( vsd ) has been increasin... | backgroundthis study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of vacuum sealing drainage ( vsd ) and antibiotic - loaded bone cement on soft tissue defects and infection.material/methodsthis prospective non - blinded study recruited 46 patients with soft tissue defects and infection from january 2010 to may 2014 and rando... |
computed tomography ( ct ) and magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) are excellent modalities for the localization of mediastinal masses and there are often features that may allow the correct diagnosis to be made . however , ct and mr can not usually assess the aggressiveness of masses or identify viable tumour in residu... | abstractcomputed tomography ( ct ) and magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) are excellent modalities for the localization of mediastinal masses and there are often features that may allow the correct diagnosis to be made .
however , ct and mri can not usually assess the aggressiveness of masses or identify viable tumou... |
the term is a misnomer as the lesion does not contain pus nor it is granulomatous .
it is considered as a capillary haemangioma of lobular subtype as suggested by mills , cooper , and fechner , which is the reason they are often quite prone to bleeding .
the most common intraoral site is marginal gingiva , but lesi... | lasers have opened a new door for the treatment of various disorders .
treatment of soft tissue intraoral mucosal growth by laser has profound effect on the patient acceptability taking the functional and aesthetic factor into consideration .
the patient is able to get the outdoor treatment without the phobia of lo... |
pd-1 was shown to deliver a negative signal after binding to either of its two ligands , pd - l1 ( b7-h1 ) or pd - l2 ( b7-dc ) in immune responses [ 14 ] . meanwhile ,
pd-1 and its ligands have been reported to play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of murine autoimmune diseases .
spontaneous autoimmun... | programmed death-1 ( pd-1 ) was shown to deliver an inhibitory signal after binding to its ligands , pd - l1 ( b7-h1 ) or pd - l2 ( b7-dc ) .
recently , up - regulated expression of pd-1 molecule and/or its ligands was demonstrated in human diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory colitis .
the stud... |
in the past , mothers and clinicians spent the 9 months of pregnancy in more or less blissful ignorance of what was happening inside the womb .
ultrasound was first used in obstetrics in the late 1950s , and it quickly became apparent that it could be used to track an entire pregnancy .
there was an upsurge in the... | fetal surgery has been practised for some decades now .
however , it remains a highly complex area , both medically and ethically .
this paper shows how the routine use of ultrasound has been a catalyst for fetal surgery , in creating new needs and new incentives for intervention .
some of the needs met by fetal ... |
metagenomics is defined as the study of genomic content of microbial communities in their natural environments , bypassing the need for isolation and laboratory cultivation of individual species .
its importance arises from the fact that over 99% of the species yet to be discovered are resistant to cultivation .
th... | a major challenge facing metagenomics is the development of tools for the characterization of functional and taxonomic content of vast amounts of short metagenome reads .
the efficacy of clustering methods depends on the number of reads in the dataset , the read length and relative abundances of source genomes in the... |
over the last few years use of short message services ( sms ) and smartphone - based communication applications in health care has shown its wide application and potential to improve access to health care ; enhance efficiency of service delivery ; improve diagnosis , facilitate timely treatment and support public healt... | smartphone applications in healthcare delivery are a novel concept and is rapidly gaining ground in all fields of medicine .
the modes of e - communications such as e - mail , short message service ( sms ) , multimedia messaging service ( mms ) and whatsapp in palliative care provides a means for quick tele - consult... |
they are a congenital disturbance of the position of the eyelashes , which are usually on the lateral quadrant of the upper eyelid or conjunctival surface of the eyelid .
the origin of these abnormally placed cilia is not clear , but a previous theory of meibomian gland substitution has been refuted and an embryologi... | ectopic cilia are rare in humans .
we report a 6-year - old girl with typical characteristics of ectopic cilia as described in the rare cases reported in the literature , in association with cutaneous lesions that appeared to be hypochromic nevi .
this framework could be a different clinical presentation of ectopic... |
arteriovenous malformation ( avm ) probably occurrs from loss of the regulatory sphincteric function of the arteriolarcapillary junction which results in overflow of the arterial blood into the capillaries and venules , producing an arteriovenous shunt.1 pancreatic avm is a rare disease which can be complicated with ab... | although arteriovenous malformations ( avm ) occur frequently in digestive organs , pancreatic avm is rare .
the clinical symptoms of pancreatic avm are variable and include gastrointestinal bleeding , abdominal pain , jaundice , portal hypertension , pancreatitis , and duodenal ulcer .
however , choledochoduodenal... |
migrated tooth is defined as the movement of teeth into altered positions in relation to the basal bone of the alveolar process and the adjoining and opposing teeth due to loss of approximating or opposing teeth , occlusal interferences , habits , or inflammatory and dystrophic disease of the attaching and supporting s... | aim : pathologic tooth migration ( ptm ) has been defined as tooth displacement that occurs when the balance among the factors that maintain physiologic tooth position is disturbed by periodontal disease .
the aim of this cross - sectional epidemiological study was to determine the prevalence of pathologic tooth migr... |
percutaneous coronary intervention ( pci ) for chronic total occlusion ( cto ) has a lower success rate than pci for non - cto lesions .
a cto lesion was defined as an obstruction of a coronary artery with thrombolysis in myocardial infarction or a flow grade of 0 , with an estimated duration of at least 3 months pri... | passage failure of guidewire is still remained most common reason for percutaneous coronary intervention ( pci ) failure in chronic total occlusion ( cto ) .
intravascular ultrasound study ( ivus ) and cardiac ct angiography can help identify features that most influence current success rates of pci .
we report our... |
the retina is a complex multilayered structure composed of two components , a photosensitive layer made of rods and cones and the neural connections , and the other part being the retinal pigment epithelium ( rpe ) and its basal lamina called bruch 's membrane , which helps to maintain the integrity of the barrier betw... | background .
age - related macular degeneration ( amd ) is a complex disorder that affects primarily the macula involving the retinal pigment epithelium ( rpe ) but also to a certain extent the photoreceptor layer and the retinal neurons .
cell transplantation is a promising option for amd and clinical trials are u... |
rnrs of the cauda equina were first described by verbiest14 ) in 1954 , and subsequently named by cressman and paul1 ) in 1968 .
rnrs is characterized by a tortuous , serpentine , large and elongated nerve root of the cauda equina10 ) .
it has been reported that rnrs develop as a response to lumbar spinal stenosis3... | redundant nerve roots ( rnrs ) is an uncommon clinical condition characterized by a tortuous , serpentine , large and elongated nerve root of the cauda equina . to our knowledge
, most cases of rnrs are associated with lumbar stenosis , and rnrs associated with lumbar disc herniation has not been reported until now.h... |
whereas varicocele before puberty is rare , the prevalence of this disease in adolescence is equivalent to that in the general male population : 12.4 to 16.2% , with an average of 15% .
in addition , the incidence of varicocele in male patients investigated for infertility is approximately 40% .
varicocele can nega... | the purpose of this study is to determine the relative advantages of laparoscopic varicocelectomy compared to the conventional open high ligation of palomo .
we studied 193 patients who presented with varicocele . while 65 patients were treated by open high ligation of the testicular veins , 128 patients had laparosc... |
the bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology ( tbsrtc ) was introduced in 2007 in an attempt to standardize international terminology and to categorize morphological criteria in fine - needle aspirations ( fnas ) from patients with thyroid nodules .
fna is currently the preferred screening test for guiding... | aim : to determine the correlation between the results of thyroid fine - needle aspirations interpreted using the bethesda system and final histopathological reports for patients at an oncology hospital ( oh ) and non - oncology hospitals ( nohs).materials and methods : a retrospective , cross - sectional , descriptive... |
since many years , a great number of studies have been discussing the role of keratinized gingiva ( kg ) in marginal periodontal behavior , either accepting that a minimum of 2.0 mm of kg width is required to maintain marginal periodontal health [ 16 ] or suggesting that kg width is negligible if excellent oral hygien... | objective . to shed light on the role of kg , its influence on periodontal behavior was investigated . methods .
tissue fluid transudation was assessed in alveolar mucosa ( p1a ) , outer gingival margin ( p1b ) , at entrance of ( p2 ) and within gingival sulcus ( p3 ) , before and after chewing of fibrous food in 16 ... |
resorption is defined as a condition associated with either a physiologic or a pathologic process resulting in loss of dentin , cementum or bone .
andreasen has classified tooth resorption as internal ( inflammatory , replacement ) and external ( surface , inflammatory and replacement ) .
internal root resorption i... | management of internal root resorption is a challenge to the endodontists .
it may occur in cases with chronic pulpal inflammation , following caries or due to trauma in the form of an accidental blow .
most cases of internal root resorption are seen in anterior teeth , due to their susceptibility to trauma .
how... |
human ether - a - go - go - related gene ( herg ) encodes the herg ion channel , which is a member of the voltage - dependent potassium channel ( kv ) family .
herg mutations reduce the outward flow of potassium during repolarization and elongate the qt interval leading to polymorphic ventricular tachycardia , cardia... | the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of moxifloxacin on herg channel protein and glucose metabolism .
herg expression was investigated using immunohistochemistry .
the whole - cell patch clamp method was used to examine the effect of moxifloxacin on herg channel currents .
a glucose tolerance t... |
prevalence estimates range from 4% to 29% for hazardous drinking and from < 1% to 10% for harmful drinking globally .
similar rates of hazardous or harmful alcohol use in health care settings have been reported from different african countries .
recent estimates suggest that about 2.5 million deaths each year are d... | background : primary care has been identified as a key setting for the reduction of alcohol - related harm , while general practitioners are expected to play a significant role .
the study aimed at identifying pattern of , and factors that are associated with alcohol use disorders ( auds ) among patients attending fa... |
the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ercp)-related perforation are rare but sometimes carries 16% to 18% of death rate.1 the incidence of perforation has been reported from 0.3% to 2.2%.2 - 5 ercp - related perforation is classified into three or four types based on anatomical location and the mechanism... | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ercp)-related perforation is classified into three or four types based on anatomical location and the mechanism of injury . although ampullary injury , among them , may be managed nonsurgically , surgical management is required in cases of perforation with retroperitonea... |
the mayer- rokitansky - kuster - hauser ( mrkh ) syndrome is a rare anomaly characterized by congenital aplasia of the uterus and vagina in women showing normal development of secondary sexual characters and normal 44 xx karyotype .
the uterine and vaginal agenesis in these karyotypic females may be accompanied by ur... | the mayer - rokitansky - kuster - hauser ( mrkh ) syndrome is a rare anomaly characterized by congenital aplasia of the uterus and vagina in women showing normal development of secondary sexual characters and normal 44 xx karyotype .
we report our experience in the management of two patients with congenital absence o... |
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