105/replication_package/Make_OECD_data.do

clear

*set matsize 3000
set matsize 800
clear mata
set mem 500m 		
set more off
set logtype text		
capture log close
*set linesize 255

// IMPORTANT!!! change working directory to the folder of this file

* cd "folder name"

// GDP current prices
clear

local folder="GDP"

insheet using "`folder'\GDP_current_prices.csv", n c case

des

tab PowerCode /* all number in millions */
tab Measure /* two types of measures - current price and ppp */
tab Transaction

keep if Measure=="Current prices"

keep Country Year Value

rename Value GDP

rename Country country
rename Year year


label var GDP "GDP current prices, Million of national currency"

save GDP, replace


// Step 1: make dataset.dta

clear

local folder="Financial balance sheets non consolidated SNA 2008"

* Total liabilities - all sectors

insheet using "`folder'\Total liabilities.csv", n c case

des

tab PowerCode /* all number in millions */
tab Measure /* two types of measures - national currency and USD */
tab Transaction

keep if Measure=="National currency, current prices"

keep Country Sector Time Value

rename Time Year
rename Value totliab

gen Sec=""

replace Sec="Total" if Sector=="Total economy"
replace Sec="World" if Sector=="Rest of the world"
replace Sec="Households" if Sector=="Households and NPISH"
replace Sec="Financials" if Sector=="Financial corporations"
replace Sec="nonFinancials" if Sector=="Non-financial corporations"
replace Sec="Gov" if Sector=="General Government"

keep if Sec~=""

keep Country Year Sec totliab

rename Country country
rename Year year
rename Sec sector
rename totliab totliab_

reshape wide totliab_, i(country year) j(sector) string

label var totliab_Total "Tota Liabilities - Total Economy"
label var totliab_World "Tota Liabilities - Rest of the World"
label var totliab_Households "Tota Liabilities - Households and NPISH"
label var totliab_Financials "Tota Liabilities - Financial corporations"
label var totliab_nonFinancials "Tota Liabilities - Non-financial corporations"

save total_liabilities, replace


//* Financial Corporations - safe liabilities
clear

insheet using "`folder'\Financial_Safe_Liabilities.csv", n c case

des

tab PowerCode /* all number in millions */
tab Measure /* two types of measures - national currency and USD */
tab Transaction
tab Sector /* only financial corporations */

keep if Measure=="National currency, current prices" & Sector=="Financial corporations"

keep Country Time Transaction Value

gen tran=""

replace tran="dep" if Transaction=="Currency and deposits"
replace tran="secur" if Transaction=="Debt securities"
replace tran="loan" if Transaction=="Loans"
replace tran="mmf" if Transaction=="Money market fund shares /units"
replace tran="trade" if Transaction=="Trade credits and advances"

drop if tran==""

keep Country Time tran Value
rename Country country
rename Time year
rename Value fin_

reshape wide fin_, i(country year) j(tran) string

label var fin_dep "Currency and deposits - Financial corporations"
label var fin_secur "Debt securities - Financial corporations"
label var fin_loan "Loans - Financial corporations"
label var fin_mmf "Money market fund shares /units - Financial corporations"
label var fin_trade "Trade credits and advances - Financial corporations"


save financials_safe_items, replace


//* General Government - safe liabilities

clear

insheet using "`folder'\Government_Safe_Liabilities.csv", n c case

des

tab PowerCode /* all number in millions */
tab Measure /* two types of measures - national currency and USD */
tab Transaction
tab Sector /* only general government */

keep if Measure=="National currency, current prices" & Sector=="General Government"

keep Country Time Transaction Value

gen tran=""

replace tran="dep" if Transaction=="Currency and deposits"
replace tran="secur" if Transaction=="Debt securities"
replace tran="loan" if Transaction=="Loans"
replace tran="mmf" if Transaction=="Money market fund shares /units"
replace tran="trade" if Transaction=="Trade credits and advances"

drop if tran==""

keep Country Time tran Value
rename Country country
rename Time year
rename Value gov_

reshape wide gov_, i(country year) j(tran) string


label var gov_dep "Currency and deposits - General Government"
label var gov_secur "Debt securities - General Government"
label var gov_loan "Loans - General Government"
label var gov_mmf "Money market fund shares /units - General Government"
label var gov_trade "Trade credits and advances - General Government"

save government_safe_items, replace

//* Central bank holdings of bonds (assume most of these holdings are government bonds)

clear

insheet using "`folder'\CentralBank_gov_bonds.csv", n c case

des

tab PowerCode /* all number in millions */
tab Measure /* two types of measures - national currency and USD */
tab Transaction
tab Sector /* only general government */

keep if Measure=="National currency, current prices" & Sector=="Central Bank"

keep Country Time Transaction Value

gen tran=""

replace tran="lbond" if Transaction=="Long-term debt securities"
replace tran="sbond" if Transaction=="Short-term debt securities"


drop if tran==""

keep Country Time tran Value
rename Country country
rename Time year
rename Value cb_

reshape wide cb_, i(country year) j(tran) string

save central_bank_bonds, replace

//* Central bank - safe and total liabilities

clear

insheet using "`folder'\CentralBank_liabilities.csv", n c case

des

tab PowerCode /* all number in millions */
tab Measure /* two types of measures - national currency and USD */
tab Transaction
tab Sector /* only Central Bank */

keep if Measure=="National currency, current prices" & Sector=="Central Bank"

keep Country Time Transaction Value

gen tran=""

replace tran="dep" if Transaction=="Currency and deposits"
replace tran="secur" if Transaction=="Debt securities"
replace tran="loan" if Transaction=="Loans"
replace tran="mmf" if Transaction=="Money market fund shares /units"
replace tran="trade" if Transaction=="Trade credits and advances"
replace tran="totliab_Total" if Transaction=="Financial liabilities"

drop if tran==""

keep Country Time tran Value
rename Country country
rename Time year
rename Value cb_

reshape wide cb_, i(country year) j(tran) string


label var cb_dep "Currency and deposits - Central Bank"
label var cb_secur "Debt securities - Central Bank"
label var cb_loan "Loans - Central Bank"
label var cb_mmf "Money market fund shares /units - Central Bank"
label var cb_trade "Trade credits and advances - Central Bank"
label var cb_totliab_Total "Financial liabilities - Central Bank"

save cb_safe_items, replace

clear

use total_liabilities, replace

joinby country year using financials_safe_items, unmatched(both)
cap drop _merge

joinby country year using government_safe_items, unmatched(both)
cap drop _merge

joinby country year using central_bank_bonds, unmatched(both)
cap drop _merge

joinby country year using GDP, unmatched(master)
cap drop _merge

joinby country year using cb_safe_items, unmatched(master)
cap drop _merge

* replace missing values with zeros
foreach var of varlist fin_* gov_* cb_* {
replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
}

label var cb_lbond "Long-term debt securities held by the central bank"
label var cb_sbond "Short-term debt securities held by the central bank"


encode country, gen(countrys)

drop country
rename countrys country

tsset country year

save dataset, replace

//* Compute variables in USD
* Total liabilities - all sectors

clear 

insheet using "`folder'\Total liabilities.csv", n c case

des

tab PowerCode /* all number in millions */
tab Measure /* two types of measures - national currency and USD */
tab Transaction


*keep if Measure=="National currency, current prices"
keep if Measure=="US $, current prices, current exchange rates, end of period"

keep Country Sector Time Value

rename Time Year
rename Value totliab

gen Sec=""

replace Sec="Total" if Sector=="Total economy"
replace Sec="World" if Sector=="Rest of the world"
replace Sec="Households" if Sector=="Households and NPISH"
replace Sec="Financials" if Sector=="Financial corporations"
replace Sec="nonFinancials" if Sector=="Non-financial corporations"
replace Sec="Gov" if Sector=="General Government"

keep if Sec~=""

keep Country Year Sec totliab

rename Country country
rename Year year
rename Sec sector
rename totliab totliab_

reshape wide totliab_, i(country year) j(sector) string

label var totliab_Total "Tota Liabilities - Total Economy"
label var totliab_World "Tota Liabilities - Rest of the World"
label var totliab_Households "Tota Liabilities - Households and NPISH"
label var totliab_Financials "Tota Liabilities - Financial corporations"
label var totliab_nonFinancials "Tota Liabilities - Non-financial corporations"

save total_liabilitiesUSD, replace

*/

//* Financial Corporations - safe liabilities
clear

insheet using "`folder'\Financial_Safe_Liabilities.csv", n c case

des

tab PowerCode /* all number in millions */
tab Measure /* two types of measures - national currency and USD */
tab Transaction
tab Sector /* only financial corporations */

*keep if Measure=="National currency, current prices" & Sector=="Financial corporations"
keep if Measure=="US $, current prices, current exchange rates, end of period"

keep Country Time Transaction Value

gen tran=""

replace tran="dep" if Transaction=="Currency and deposits"
replace tran="secur" if Transaction=="Debt securities"
replace tran="loan" if Transaction=="Loans"
replace tran="mmf" if Transaction=="Money market fund shares /units"
replace tran="trade" if Transaction=="Trade credits and advances"

drop if tran==""

keep Country Time tran Value
rename Country country
rename Time year
rename Value fin_

reshape wide fin_, i(country year) j(tran) string

label var fin_dep "Currency and deposits - Financial corporations"
label var fin_secur "Debt securities - Financial corporations"
label var fin_loan "Loans - Financial corporations"
label var fin_mmf "Money market fund shares /units - Financial corporations"
label var fin_trade "Trade credits and advances - Financial corporations"


save financials_safe_itemsUSD, replace

//* General Government - safe liabilities

clear

insheet using "`folder'\Government_Safe_Liabilities.csv", n c case

des

tab PowerCode /* all number in millions */
tab Measure /* two types of measures - national currency and USD */
tab Transaction
tab Sector /* only general government */

*keep if Measure=="National currency, current prices" & Sector=="General Government"
keep if Measure=="US $, current prices, current exchange rates, end of period"

keep Country Time Transaction Value

gen tran=""

replace tran="dep" if Transaction=="Currency and deposits"
replace tran="secur" if Transaction=="Debt securities"
replace tran="loan" if Transaction=="Loans"
replace tran="mmf" if Transaction=="Money market fund shares /units"
replace tran="trade" if Transaction=="Trade credits and advances"

drop if tran==""

keep Country Time tran Value
rename Country country
rename Time year
rename Value gov_

reshape wide gov_, i(country year) j(tran) string


label var gov_dep "Currency and deposits - General Government"
label var gov_secur "Debt securities - General Government"
label var gov_loan "Loans - General Government"
label var gov_mmf "Money market fund shares /units - General Government"
label var gov_trade "Trade credits and advances - General Government"

save government_safe_itemsUSD, replace


//* Central bank holdings of bonds (assume most of these holdings are government bonds)

clear

insheet using "`folder'\CentralBank_gov_bonds.csv", n c case

des

tab PowerCode /* all number in millions */
tab Measure /* two types of measures - national currency and USD */
tab Transaction
tab Sector /* only general government */

*keep if Measure=="National currency, current prices" & Sector=="Central Bank"
keep if Measure=="US $, current prices, current exchange rates, end of period"

keep Country Time Transaction Value

gen tran=""

replace tran="lbond" if Transaction=="Long-term debt securities"
replace tran="sbond" if Transaction=="Short-term debt securities"


drop if tran==""

keep Country Time tran Value
rename Country country
rename Time year
rename Value cb_

reshape wide cb_, i(country year) j(tran) string

save central_bank_bondsUSD, replace


//* Central bank - safe and total liabilities

clear

insheet using "`folder'\CentralBank_liabilities.csv", n c case

des

tab PowerCode /* all number in millions */
tab Measure /* two types of measures - national currency and USD */
tab Transaction
tab Sector /* only Central Bank */

*keep if Measure=="National currency, current prices" & Sector=="Central Bank"
keep if Measure=="US $, current prices, current exchange rates, end of period"

keep Country Time Transaction Value

gen tran=""

replace tran="dep" if Transaction=="Currency and deposits"
replace tran="secur" if Transaction=="Debt securities"
replace tran="loan" if Transaction=="Loans"
replace tran="mmf" if Transaction=="Money market fund shares /units"
replace tran="trade" if Transaction=="Trade credits and advances"
replace tran="totliab_Total" if Transaction=="Financial liabilities"

drop if tran==""

keep Country Time tran Value
rename Country country
rename Time year
rename Value cb_

reshape wide cb_, i(country year) j(tran) string


label var cb_dep "Currency and deposits - Central Bank"
label var cb_secur "Debt securities - Central Bank"
label var cb_loan "Loans - Central Bank"
label var cb_mmf "Money market fund shares /units - Central Bank"
label var cb_trade "Trade credits and advances - Central Bank"
label var cb_totliab_Total "Financial liabilities - Central Bank"

save cb_safe_itemsUSD, replace

*** 

clear

use total_liabilitiesUSD, replace

joinby country year using financials_safe_itemsUSD, unmatched(both)
cap drop _merge

joinby country year using government_safe_itemsUSD, unmatched(both)
cap drop _merge

joinby country year using central_bank_bondsUSD, unmatched(both)
cap drop _merge

joinby country year using cb_safe_itemsUSD, unmatched(both)
cap drop _merge


* replace missing values with zeros
foreach var of varlist fin_* gov_* cb_* {
replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
}

label var cb_lbond "Long-term debt securities held by the central bank"
label var cb_sbond "Short-term debt securities held by the central bank"


encode country, gen(countrys)

drop country
rename countrys country

tsset country year

save datasetUSD, replace

*** do USD aggregates

use datasetUSD, clear


gen fin_safeUSD=fin_dep+fin_loan+fin_mmf+fin_secur // remove trade credit and advances - it's a small part of financial debt and seems unrelated
gen cb_safeUSD=cb_dep+cb_loan+cb_mmf+cb_secur // remove trade credit and advances - it's a small part of financial debt and seems unrelated


gen gov_safeUSD=gov_dep+gov_loan+gov_mmf+gov_secur // remove trade credit and advnaces


rename totliab_Total totliab_TotalUSD

keep country year fin_safeUSD gov_safeUSD cb_safeUSD totliab_TotalUSD

sort country year
tsset country year


save safeUSD, replace

// Make world table

use safeUSD, clear

gen tempvar=fin_safeUSD+gov_safeUSD+totliab_TotalUSD

bysort country: egen minyear=min(year) if tempvar<.
bysort country: egen maxyear=max(year) if tempvar<.

keep if minyear<=1995
keep if year>=1995

keep if maxyear>=2017
keep if year<=2017

sort country year
tsset country year // panel is balanced


if r(balanced)!="strongly balanced" {
di "WARNING!!!! panel is not balanced"
 }

preserve

keep if year==2017

keep country

gen OECD=1

save OECD, replace

restore
 
 
decode country, g(country_name)

bysort year: egen fin_safeWorld=total(fin_safeUSD)
bysort year: egen gov_safeWorld=total(gov_safeUSD)
bysort year: egen new_totalWorld=total(totliab_TotalUSD)

bysort year: egen cb_safeWorld=total(cb_safeUSD)

gen fin_shareWorld=fin_safeWorld/new_totalWorld
gen gov_shareWorld=gov_safeWorld/new_totalWorld
gen shareWorld=fin_shareWorld+gov_shareWorld

gen cb_shareWorld=cb_safeWorld/new_totalWorld

bysort year: egen fin_safeNonUS=total(fin_safeUSD) if country_name!="United States"
bysort year: egen gov_safeNonUS=total(gov_safeUSD) if country_name!="United States"
bysort year: egen new_totalNonUS=total(totliab_TotalUSD) if country_name!="United States"

bysort year: egen cb_safeNonUS=total(cb_safeUSD) if country_name!="United States"

gen fin_shareNonUS=fin_safeNonUS/new_totalNonUS
gen gov_shareNonUS=gov_safeNonUS/new_totalNonUS
gen shareNonUS=fin_shareNonUS+gov_shareNonUS

gen cb_shareNonUS=cb_safeNonUS/new_totalNonUS

sort country year

keep if country==country[1]

keep fin_shareWorld gov_shareWorld shareWorld cb_shareWorld fin_shareNonUS gov_shareNonUS shareNonUS cb_shareNonUS year


keep year fin_shareWorld gov_shareWorld shareWorld  cb_shareWorld  fin_shareNonUS gov_shareNonUS shareNonUS cb_shareNonUS

save World, replace


// Make final dataset

use dataset // non-consolidated data

joinby country year using safeUSD, unmatched(both)
cap drop _merge

joinby year using World, unmatched(both)
cap drop _merge

joinby country using OECD, unmatched(both)
cap drop _merge

cap drop fin_safe
cap drop cb_safe

label var gov_safeUSD "government safe liabilities in USD"
label var fin_shareWorld "financial liabilities (as share of total assets) for the whole world"
label var gov_shareWorld "government liabilities (as share of total assets) for the whole world"
label var cb_shareWorld "central bank liabilities (as share of total assets) for the whole world"
label var shareWorld "safe liabilities (as share of total assets) for the whole world"

label var fin_shareNonUS "financial liabilities (as share of total assets) for non-US sample"
label var gov_shareNonUS "government liabilities (as share of total assets) for non-US sample"
label var cb_shareNonUS "central bank liabilities (as share of total assets) for non-US sample"
label var shareNonUS "safe liabilities (as share of total assets) for non-US sample"

label var totliab_Gov "Tota Liabilities - Government"
label var OECD "dummy for OECD countries"

save OECD_data, replace