%% This BibTeX bibliography file was created using BibDesk. %% https://bibdesk.sourceforge.io/ %% Created for Ana Carolina Queiroz at 2021-09-14 16:51:52 -0700 %% Saved with string encoding Unicode (UTF-8) @comment{jabref-meta: databaseType:bibtex;} @article{Makarov2011, author = {Makarov, Uliana}, journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior \& Organization}, number = {80}, pages = {574-585}, volume = {2011}, title = {Networking or not working: A model of social procrastination from communication}, year = {2011}} @unpublished{LiuSockinXiong2020, author = {Liu, Zhuang and Sockin, Michael and Xiong, Wei}, month = {August}, note = {NBER Working Paper No. 27653}, title = {Data Privacy and Temptation}, year = {2020}} @unpublished{SrnaSilvermanEtkin2021, author = {Shalena Srna and Jackie Silverman and Jordan Etkin}, month = {July}, title = {When Limits Backfire: Why Setting Limits Can Increase (vs. Decrease) Consumption}, year = {2021}} @article{GulPesendorfers2007, author = {Gul, Faruk and Pesendorfer, Wolfgang}, date-added = {2021-09-14 15:10:51 -0700}, date-modified = {2021-09-14 16:44:34 -0700}, journal = {American Economic Review}, month = {May}, number = {2}, pages = {471-476}, title = {Welfare without Happiness}, volume = {97}, year = {2007}} @unpublished{steinywellsjo2021, author = {Steiny Wellsjo, Alexandra}, date-added = {2021-09-14 15:02:02 -0700}, date-modified = {2021-09-14 15:04:25 -0700}, month = {February}, note = {Access on https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wbn6IuU0tMQ2VN6YHSWSCXv4v9pucKyK/view}, title = {Simple Actions, Complex Habits: Lessons from Hospital Hand Hygiene}, year = {2021}} @article{laibson2001, author = {Laibson, David}, date-added = {2021-09-14 15:00:35 -0700}, date-modified = {2021-09-14 15:01:21 -0700}, journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics}, month = {February}, number = {1}, pages = {81-119}, title = {A Cue-Theory of Consumption}, volume = {116}, year = {2001}} @misc{SECFB2020, author = {{United States Securities and Exchange Commission}}, howpublished = {Available at https://d18rn0p25nwr6d.cloudfront.net/CIK-0001326801/4dd7fa7f-1a51-4ed9-b9df-7f42cc3321eb.pdf}, title = {Official Facebook 2020 10-K report as filed with SEC}, year = {2020}} @article{carerra2018, author = {Carrera, Mariana and Royer, Heather and Stehr, Mark and Sydnor, Justin}, date-added = {2021-09-14 14:53:09 -0700}, date-modified = {2021-09-14 14:54:16 -0700}, journal = {Journal of Health Economics}, month = {March}, pages = {202-214}, title = {Can financial incentives help people trying to establish new habits? Experimental evidence with new gym members}, volume = {58}, year = {2018}} @article{exley2017, author = {Exley, Christine L. and Naecker, Jeffrey K.}, date-added = {2021-09-14 14:49:23 -0700}, date-modified = {2021-09-14 15:21:45 -0700}, journal = {Management Science}, month = {October}, number = {10}, pages = {3147-3529}, title = {Observability Increases the Demand for Commitment Devices}, volume = {63}, year = {2017}} @article{casaburi2019, author = {Casaburi, Lorenzo and Macchiavello, Rocco}, date-added = {2021-09-14 14:45:03 -0700}, date-modified = {2021-09-14 14:46:16 -0700}, journal = {American Economic Review}, month = {February}, number = {2}, pages = {523-555}, title = {Demand and Supply of Infrequent Payments as a Commitment Device: Evidence from Kenya}, volume = {109}, year = {2019}} @article{BernheimRangel2004, author = {Bernheim, B. Douglas and Rangel, Antonio}, date-added = {2021-09-14 14:34:43 -0700}, date-modified = {2021-09-14 16:40:22 -0700}, journal = {American Economic Review}, month = {1590}, number = {5}, pages = {1558}, title = {Addiction and Cue-Triggered Decision Processes}, volume = {94}, year = {2004}} @webpage{pewresearch2021, annote = {Access on: https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/fact-sheet/social-media/}, author = {{Pew Research Center}}, date-added = {2021-09-14 14:30:42 -0700}, date-modified = {2021-09-14 16:51:23 -0700}, lastchecked = {Sep 14, 2021}, title = {Social Media Fact Sheet}, url = {https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/fact-sheet/social-media/}, year = {2021}} @unpublished{ReesJones2020, annote = {Access on https://www.nber.org/papers/w25958}, author = {Rees-Jones, Alex and Rozema, Kyle T.}, date-added = {2021-09-14 14:25:17 -0700}, date-modified = {2021-09-14 16:41:02 -0700}, journal = {NBER Working Paper no. 25958}, title = {Price Isn't Everything: Behavioral Response around Changes in Sin Taxes}, year = {2020}} @misc{zenith2019, author = {{Zenith Media}}, howpublished = {Available at https://www.zenithmedia.com/consumers-will-spend-800-hours-using-mobile-internet-devices-this-year/}, title = {Consumers Will Spend 800 Hours Using Mobile Internet Devices This Year}, year = {2019}} @misc{vox_2020, author = {Vox}, howpublished = {Available at https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/1/6/21048116/tech-companies-time-well-spent-mobile-phone-usage-data}, title = {Tech Companies Tried to Help us Spend Less Time on Our Phones. It Didn't Work.}, year = {2020}} @misc{Wurmser2020, author = {Yoram Wurmser}, howpublished = {Available at https://www.emarketer.com/content/us-mobile-time-spent-2020}, title = {US Mobile Time Spent 2020}, year = {2020}} @misc{Hawley2019, author = {Josh Hawley}, howpublished = {Available at https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/116/s2314/text}, title = {S. 2314 (116th): SMART Act}, year = {2019}} @misc{Kemp2020, author = {Simon Kemp}, howpublished = {Available at wearesocial.com/digital-2020}, title = {Digital 2020 Reports}, year = {2020}} @misc{Brown2020, author = {Eileen Brown}, howpublished = {Available at https://www.zdnet.com/article/americans-spend-far-more-time-on-their-smartphones-than-they-think/}, title = {Americans spend far more time on their smartphones than they think}, year = {2019}} @misc{nyp_2017, author = {{New York Post}}, howpublished = {Available at https://nypost.com/2017/11/08/americans-check-their-phones-80-times-a-day-study/}, title = {Americans Check Their Phones 80 Times a Day: Study}, year = {2017}} @misc{deloitte_2018, author = {{Deloitte}}, howpublished = {Available at https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/us/Documents/technology-media-telecommunications/us-tmt-global-mobile-consumer-survey-exec-summary-2018.pdf}, title = {2018 Global Mobile Consumer Survey: US Edition}, year = {2018}} @misc{who, author = {{World Health Organization}}, howpublished = {Available at https://www.who.int/features/qa/gaming-disorder/en/}, title = {Gaming Disorder}, year = {2018}} @article{gerber2003voting, author = {Gerber, Alan S and Green, Donald P and Shachar, Ron}, journal = {American Journal of Political Science}, number = {3}, pages = {540--550}, publisher = {Wiley Online Library}, title = {Voting May be Habit-Forming: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment}, volume = {47}, year = {2003}} @article{ferraro2011, author = {Ferraro, Paul J and Miranda, Juan Jose and Price, Michael K}, doi = {10.1257/aer.101.3.318}, journal = {American Economic Review}, month = {May}, number = {3}, pages = {318-22}, title = {The Persistence of Treatment Effects with Norm-Based Policy Instruments: Evidence from a Randomized Environmental Policy Experiment}, volume = {101}, year = {2011}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.3.318}} @article{allcottrodgers2014, author = {Allcott, Hunt and Rogers, Todd}, doi = {10.1257/aer.104.10.3003}, journal = {American Economic Review}, month = {October}, number = {10}, pages = {3003-37}, title = {The Short-Run and Long-Run Effects of Behavioral Interventions: Experimental Evidence from Energy Conservation}, volume = {104}, year = {2014}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.10.3003}} @article{bernedo2014persistent, author = {Bernedo, Maria and Ferraro, Paul J and Price, Michael}, journal = {Journal of Consumer Policy}, number = {3}, pages = {437--452}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {The Persistent Impacts of Norm-Based Messaging and Their Implications for Water Conservation}, volume = {37}, year = {2014}} @article{john2011financial, author = {John, Leslie K and Loewenstein, George and Troxel, Andrea B and Norton, Laurie and Fassbender, Jennifer E and Volpp, Kevin G}, journal = {Journal of General Internal Medicine}, number = {6}, pages = {621--626}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {Financial Incentives for Extended Weight Loss: a Randomized, Controlled Trial}, volume = {26}, year = {2011}} @article{MadrianShea2001, author = {Madrian, Brigitte C and Shea, Dennis F}, issn = {00335533, 15314650}, journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics}, number = {4}, pages = {1149--1187}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {The Power of Suggestion: Inertia in 401(k) Participation and Savings Behavior}, volume = {116}, year = {2001}} @unpublished{StrackTaubinsky, author = {Philipp Strack and Dmitry Taubinsky}, note = {NBER Working Paper No. 28961}, title = {Dynamic Preference "Reversals" and Time Inconsistency}, year = {2021}} @unpublished{chaloupkawarner1999, author = {Chaloupka, Frank and Warner, Kenneth}, note = {NBER Working Paper No. 7047}, title = {The Economics of Smoking}, year = {1999}} @unpublished{levittlistsadoff2016, author = {Levitt, Steven D and List, John A and Sadoff, Sally}, note = {NBER Working Paper No. 22107}, title = {The Effect of Performance-Based Incentives on Educational Achievement: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment}, year = {2016}} @unpublished{brandonetal2017, author = {Brandon, Alec and Ferraro, Paul J and List, John A and Metcalfe, Robert D and Price, Michael K and Rundhammer, Florian}, note = {NBER Working Paper No. 23277}, title = {Do The Effects of Social Nudges Persist? Theory and Evidence from 38 Natural Field Experiments}, year = {2017}} @unpublished{hussam2019, author = {Hussam, Reshmaan and Rabbani, Atonu and Reggiani, Giovanni and Rigol, Natalia}, note = {Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3040729}, title = {Rational Habit Formation: Experimental Evidence from Handwashing in India}, year = {2019}} @unpublished{Hoong_2021, author = {Hoong, Ruru}, note = {Harvard Working Paper}, title = {Self Control and Smartphone Use: An Experimental Study of Soft Commitment Devices}, year = {2021}} @article{acland2018self, author = {Acland, Dan and Chow, Vinci}, journal = {Journal of the Economic Science Association}, number = {1}, pages = {46--62}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {Self-Control and Demand for Commitment in Online Game Playing: Evidence from a Field Experiment}, volume = {4}, year = {2018}} @article{bianchi2005psychological, author = {Bianchi, Adriana and Phillips, James G}, journal = {CyberPsychology \& Behavior}, number = {1}, pages = {39--51}, publisher = {Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2 Madison Avenue Larchmont, NY 10538 USA}, title = {Psychological Predictors of Problem Mobile Phone Use}, volume = {8}, year = {2005}} @article{andreassen2012development, author = {Andreassen, Cecilie Schou and Torsheim, Torbj{\o}rn and Brunborg, Geir Scott and Pallesen, St{\aa}le}, journal = {Psychological Reports}, number = {2}, pages = {501--517}, publisher = {SAGE Publications}, title = {Development of a Facebook Addiction Scale}, volume = {110}, year = {2012}} @article{griffiths2005, author = {Mark Griffiths}, doi = {10.1080/14659890500114359}, eprint = {https://doi.org/10.1080/14659890500114359}, journal = {Journal of Substance Use}, number = {4}, pages = {191-197}, publisher = {Taylor & Francis}, title = {A ``Components'' Model of Addiction Within a Biopsychosocial Framework}, volume = {10}, year = {2005}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1080/14659890500114359}} @unpublished{collis2020, author = {Collis, Avinash and Eggers, Felix}, note = {Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3518744}, title = {Effects of Restricting Social Media Usage}, year = {2019}} @unpublished{do2019, author = {Do, Quy Toan and Jacoby, Hanan G}, note = {Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3571024}, title = {Sophisticated Policy with Naive Agents: Habit Formation and Piped Water in Vietnam}, year = {2020}} @unpublished{bursztyn2020misinformation, author = {Bursztyn, Leonardo and Cantoni, Davide and Yang, David Y and Yuchtman, Noam and Zhang, Y Jane}, note = {NBER Conference Paper}, title = {Persistent Political Engagement: Social Interactions and the Dynamics of Protest Movements}, year = {2020}} @article{chaloupka1991, author = {Frank Chaloupka}, issn = {00223808, 1537534X}, journal = {Journal of Political Economy}, number = {4}, pages = {722--742}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, title = {Rational Addictive Behavior and Cigarette Smoking}, volume = {99}, year = {1991}} @article{beckergrossman1994, author = {Becker, Gary S and Grossman, Michael and Murphy, Kevin M}, issn = {00028282}, journal = {The American Economic Review}, number = {3}, pages = {396--418}, publisher = {American Economic Association}, title = {An Empirical Analysis of Cigarette Addiction}, volume = {84}, year = {1994}} @inbook{EricsonLaibson2018, author = {Ericson, Keith Marzilli and Laibson, David}, booktitle = {Handbook of Behavioral Economics - Foundations and Applications 2}, chapter = {1}, date-added = {2019-06-19 14:12:09 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 14:35:29 -0400}, edition = {1}, editor = {B. Douglas Bernheim and Stefano DellaVigna and David Laibson}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {Intertemporal Choice}, volume = {2}, year = {2019}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @unpublished{vansoest2019, author = {Van Soest, Daan and Vollaard, Ben}, note = {Working Paper}, title = {Breaking Habits}, year = {2019}} @unpublished{beshears2017, author = {Beshears, John and Milkman, Katherine}, note = {Working Paper, available at https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Creating-Exercise-Habits-Using-Incentives-%3A-The-and-Beshears-Milkman/a3f9fd231a481b088cdb0c351d8672fdbd3cda33}, title = {Creating Exercise Habits Using Incentives: The Tradeoff between Flexibility and Routinization}, year = {2017}} @unpublished{ShuiAnsubel2005, author = {Shui, Haiyan and Ausubel, Lawrence M}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:54:00 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-10-02 10:09:03 -0400}, note = {Working Paper}, title = {Time Inconsistency in the Credit Card Market}, year = {2005}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @unpublished{banerjee2010, author = {Banerjee, Abhijit and Mullainathan, Sendhil}, note = {NBER Working Paper No. 15973}, title = {The Shape of Temptation: Implications for the Economic Lives of the Poor}, year = {2010}} @book{eyal_2020, author = {Eyal, Nir}, place = {London}, publisher = {Bloomsbury Publishing PLC}, title = {Indistractable: How to Control Your Attention and Choose Your Life}, year = {2020}} @misc{allcottkim2020, author = {Allcott, Hunt and Kim, Joshua and Taubinsky, Dmitry and Zinman, Jonathan}, note = {Review of Economic Studies, forthcoming}, title = {Are High-Interest Loans Predatory? Theory And Evidence From Payday Lending}, year = {2021}} @article{Trumholt2016, author = {Morten Tromholt}, date-added = {2018-10-10 11:36:05 -0400}, date-modified = {2018-10-10 11:36:58 -0400}, journal = {Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking}, number = {11}, pages = {661-666}, title = {The Facebook Experiment: Quitting Facebook Leads to Higher Levels of Well-Being}, volume = {19}, year = {2016}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{AllcottBraghieri, author = {Allcott, Hunt and Braghieri, Luca and Eichmeyer, Sarah and Gentzkow, Matthew}, doi = {10.1257/aer.20190658}, journal = {American Economic Review}, month = {March}, number = {3}, pages = {629-76}, title = {The Welfare Effects of Social Media}, volume = {110}, year = {2020}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20190658}} @article{gosnell2020impact, author = {Gosnell, Greer K and List, John A and Metcalfe, Robert D}, journal = {Journal of Political Economy}, number = {4}, pages = {1195--1233}, publisher = {The University of Chicago Press Chicago, IL}, title = {The Impact of Management Practices on Employee Productivity: A Field Experiment With Airline Captains}, volume = {128}, year = {2020}} @article{auld2004empirical, author = {Auld, M Christopher and Grootendorst, Paul}, journal = {Journal of Health Economics}, number = {6}, pages = {1117--1133}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {An Empirical Analysis of Milk Addiction}, volume = {23}, year = {2004}} @article{CharnessGneezy2009, author = {Charness, Gary and Gneezy, Uri}, journal = {Econometrica}, number = {3}, pages = {909-931}, title = {Incentives to Exercise}, volume = {77}, year = {2009}} @article{BeckerMurphy1988, author = {Becker, Gary S and Murphy, Kevin M}, date-added = {2018-10-10 13:40:40 -0400}, date-modified = {2018-10-10 13:41:33 -0400}, journal = {Journal of Political Economy}, number = {4}, pages = {675-700}, title = {A Theory of Rational Addiction}, volume = {96}, year = {1988}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @book{Alter2018, author = {Alter, Adam}, place = {New York}, publisher = {Penguin Press}, title = {Irresistible: the Rise of Addictive Technology and the Business of Keeping Us Hooked}, year = {2018}} @book{Newport2019, author = {Newport, Cal}, publisher = {Penguin Random House}, title = {Digital Minimalism: Choosing a Focused Life in a Noisy World}, year = {2019}} @article{FujiwaraMengVogl2016, author = {Fujiwara, Thomas and Meng, Kyle and Vogl, Tom}, date-added = {2018-10-10 13:03:03 -0400}, date-modified = {2018-10-10 13:03:50 -0400}, journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics}, number = {4}, pages = {160-188}, title = {Habit Formation in Voting: Evidence from Rainy Elections}, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{AllcottGentzkow2017, author = {Allcott, Hunt and Gentzkow, Matthew}, date-added = {2018-10-10 12:55:12 -0400}, date-modified = {2018-10-10 12:55:59 -0400}, journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives}, number = {2}, pages = {211-236}, title = {Social Media and Fake News in the 2016 Election}, volume = {31}, year = {2017}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @unpublished{MarottaAcquisti2017, author = {Marotta, Veronica and Acquisti, Alessandro}, date-added = {2018-10-10 11:41:45 -0400}, date-modified = {2018-10-10 11:43:28 -0400}, month = {June}, note = {Preliminary Draft}, title = {Online Distractions, Website Blockers, and Economic Productivity: A Randomized Field Experiment}, year = {2017}, Bdsk-File-1 = {YnBsaXN0MDDSAQIDBFxyZWxhdGl2ZVBhdGhZYWxpYXNEYXRhXxCFLi4vLi4vLi4vRHJvcGJveC9Tb2NpYWxNZWRpYUVmZmVjdHMvTGl0ZXJhdHVyZS9NYXJvdHRhIGFuZCBBY3F1aXN0aSAyMDE3IFdQIC0gT25saW5lIERpc3RyYWN0aW9ucywgV2Vic2l0ZSBCbG9ja2VycywgYW5kIEVjb25vbWljLnBkZk8RAp4AAAAAAp4AAgAADE1hY2ludG9zaCBIRAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABCRAAB/////x9NYXJvdHRhIGFuZCBBY3F1aXMjRkZGRkZGRkYucGRmAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD/////AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMABAAACiBjdQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAKTGl0ZXJhdHVyZQACAIkvOlVzZXJzOnJhamI6RHJvcGJveDpTb2NpYWxNZWRpYUVmZmVjdHM6TGl0ZXJhdHVyZTpNYXJvdHRhIGFuZCBBY3F1aXN0aSAyMDE3IFdQIC0gT25saW5lIERpc3RyYWN0aW9ucywgV2Vic2l0ZSBCbG9ja2VycywgYW5kIEVjb25vbWljLnBkZgAADgCuAFYATQBhAHIAbwB0AHQAYQAgAGEAbgBkACAAQQBjAHEAdQBpAHMAdABpACAAMgAwADEANwAgAFcAUAAgAC0AIABPAG4AbABpAG4AZQAgAEQAaQBzAHQAcgBhAGMAdABpAG8AbgBzACwAIABXAGUAYgBzAGkAdABlACAAQgBsAG8AYwBrAGUAcgBzACwAIABhAG4AZAAgAEUAYwBvAG4AbwBtAGkAYwAuAHAAZABmAA8AGgAMAE0AYQBjAGkAbgB0AG8AcwBoACAASABEABIAh1VzZXJzL3JhamIvRHJvcGJveC9Tb2NpYWxNZWRpYUVmZmVjdHMvTGl0ZXJhdHVyZS9NYXJvdHRhIGFuZCBBY3F1aXN0aSAyMDE3IFdQIC0gT25saW5lIERpc3RyYWN0aW9ucywgV2Vic2l0ZSBCbG9ja2VycywgYW5kIEVjb25vbWljLnBkZgAAEwABLwAAFQACAAv//wAAAAgADQAaACQArAAAAAAAAAIBAAAAAAAAAAUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAANO}} @article{GruberKoszegi2001, author = {Gruber, Jonathan and K{\"o}szegi, Botond}, journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics}, number = {4}, pages = {1261-1303}, title = {Is Addiction ``Rational"? Theory and Evidence}, volume = {116}, year = {2001}} @article{SagiogluGreitemeyer2014, author = {Sagioglu, Christina and Greitemeyer, Tobias}, date-added = {2018-10-10 11:15:46 -0400}, date-modified = {2018-10-10 11:27:04 -0400}, journal = {Computers in Human Behavior}, pages = {359-363}, title = {Facebook's Emotional Consequences: Why Facebook Causes a Decrease in Mood and Why People Still Use It}, volume = {35}, year = {2014}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{Anderson2008, author = {Michael L. Anderson}, journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association}, number = {484}, pages = {1481-1495}, title = {Multiple Inference and Gender Differences in the Effects of Early Intervention: A Reevaluation of the Abecedarian, Perry Preschool, and Early Training Projects}, volume = {103}, year = {2008}} @article{Busseetal2015, author = {Busse, Meghan R and Pope, Devin G and Pope, Jaren C and Silva-Risso, Jorge}, journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics}, number = {1}, pages = {371-414}, title = {The Psychological Effect of Weather on Car Purchases}, volume = {130}, year = {2015}} @article{Huntetal2018, author = {Hunt, Melissa G and Marx, Rachel and Lipson, Courtney and Young, Jordyn}, journal = {Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology}, number = {10}, pages = {751-768}, title = {No More FOMO: Limiting Social Media Decreases Loneliness and Depression}, volume = {37}, year = {2018}} @article{BeckerGrossmanMurphy1991, author = {Becker, Gary S and Grossman, Michael and Murphy, Kevin M}, journal = {The American Economic Review}, number = {2}, pages = {237-241}, title = {Rational Addiction and the Effect of Price on Consumption}, volume = {81}, year = {1991}} @article{LowensteinODonoghueRabin2003, author = {Loewenstein, George and O'Donoghue, Ted and Rabin, Matthew}, journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics}, number = {4}, pages = {1209-1248}, title = {Projection Bias in Predicting Future Utility}, volume = {118}, year = {2003}} @article{Mosqueraetal2018, author = {Mosquera, Roberto and Odunowo, Mofioluwasademi and McNamara, Trent and Guo, Xiongfei and Petrie, Ragan}, journal = {Experimental Economics}, pages = {1--28}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {The Economic Effects of Facebook}, year = {2019}} @misc{FbQ3PressRelease2018, author = {Facebook}, howpublished = {Press Release}, month = {October}, note = {{h}ttps://investor.fb.com/investor-news/press-release-details/2018/Facebook-Reports-Third-Quarter-2018-Results/default.aspx}, title = {Facebook Reports Third Quarter 2018 Results}, year = {2018}} @misc{FbEarningsCallTranscript2016, author = {Facebook}, note = {{h}ttps://seekingalpha.com/article/3968783-facebook-fb-mark-elliot-zuckerberg-q1-2016-results-earnings-call-transcript}, title = {Facebook Q1 2016 Results - Earnings Call Transcript}, year = {2016}} @misc{Irvine2018, author = {Mark Irvine}, note = {{h}ttps://www.wordstream.com/blog/ws/2017/02/28/facebook-advertising-benchmarks}, title = {Facebook Ad Benchmarks for YOUR Industry}, year = {2018}} @article{Vanmanetal2018, author = {Vanman, Eric J and Baker, Rosemary and Tobin, Stephanie J}, journal = {The Journal of Social Psychology}, number = {4}, pages = {496-507}, title = {The Burden of Online Friends: The Effects of Giving Up Facebook on Stress and Well-Being}, volume = {158}, year = {2018}} @unpublished{SkibaTobacman2018, author = {Paige Marta Skiba and Tobacman, Jeremy}, date-added = {2020-02-26 20:52:41 -0500}, date-modified = {2020-02-26 21:02:25 -0500}, month = {September}, note = {Working Paper}, title = {Payday Loans, Uncertainty, and Discounting: Explaining Patterns of Borrowing, Repayment, and Default}, year = {2018}} @article{Carroll2009, author = {Carroll, Gabriel D and Choi, James J and Laibson, David and Madrian, Brigitte C and Metrick, Andrew}, date-added = {2020-02-26 19:09:40 -0500}, date-modified = {2020-02-26 19:10:57 -0500}, journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics}, month = {November}, number = {4}, pages = {1639-1674}, title = {Optimal Defaults and Active Decisions}, volume = {124}, year = {2009}} @unpublished{Chaloupka2019, author = {Chaloupka, Frank J and Levy, Matthew R and White, Justin S}, date-added = {2020-02-03 17:01:55 -0500}, date-modified = {2020-02-03 17:03:33 -0500}, month = {December}, note = {NBER Working Paper No. 26522}, title = {Estimating Biases in Smoking Cessation: Evidence from a Field Experiment}, year = {2019}} @article{Laibson1997, author = {David Laibson}, date-added = {2019-08-31 01:28:54 +0000}, date-modified = {2019-08-31 01:28:54 +0000}, journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics}, keywords = {behavioral}, number = {2}, pages = {443--478}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {Golden Eggs and Hyperbolic Discounting}, volume = {112}, year = {1997}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{Laibson2018, author = {David Laibson}, date-added = {2019-08-31 01:28:05 +0000}, date-modified = {2019-08-31 01:28:05 +0000}, journal = {AEA Papers and Proceedings}, pages = {1-21}, title = {Private Paternalism, the Commitment Puzzle, and Model-Free Equilibrum}, volume = {108}, year = {2018}} @article{sprenger2015, author = {Charles Sprenger}, date-added = {2019-08-31 01:27:09 +0000}, date-modified = {2019-08-31 01:27:09 +0000}, journal = {American Economic Revew: Papers and Proceedings}, number = {5}, pages = {280-285}, title = {Judging Experimental Evidence on Dynamic Inconsistency}, volume = {105}, year = {2015}} @article{sadoff2020, author = {Sadoff, Sally and Samek, Anya Savikhin and Sprenger, Charles}, date-added = {2019-08-31 01:26:46 +0000}, date-modified = {2019-08-31 01:26:46 +0000}, journal = {Review of Economic Studies}, number = {4}, pages = {1954-1988}, title = {Dynamic Inconsistency in Food Choice: Experimental Evidence from a Food Desert}, volume = {87}, year = {2020}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2572821}} @article{odonoghue1999, abstract = {The authors examine self-control problems--modeled as time-inconsistent, present-biased preferences--in a model where a person must do an activity exactly once. They emphasize two distinctions: do activities involve immediate costs or immediate rewards, and are people sophisticated or naive about future self-control problems? Naive people procrastinate immediate-cost activities and preproperate--do too soon--immediate-reward activities. Sophistication mitigates procrastination but exacerbates preproperation. Moreover, with immediate costs, a small present bias can severely harm only naive people, whereas with immediate rewards it can severely harm only sophisticated people. Lessons for savings, addiction, and elsewhere are discussed.}, author = {O'Donoghue, Ted and Rabin, Matthew}, date = {1999-03}, date-added = {2019-08-31 01:26:25 +0000}, date-modified = {2019-08-31 01:26:25 +0000}, doi = {10.1257/aer.89.1.103}, file = {Full Text PDF:C\:\\Users\\w63k131\\Zotero\\storage\\FJYALIDC\\O'Donoghue and Rabin - 1999 - Doing It Now or Later.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:C\:\\Users\\w63k131\\Zotero\\storage\\BN2M6H4I\\articles.html:text/html}, issn = {0002-8282}, journal = {American Economic Review}, journaltitle = {American Economic Review}, keywords = {Intertemporal Consumer Choice, Life Cycle Models and Saving, Consumer Economics: Theory}, langid = {english}, number = {1}, pages = {103--124}, title = {Doing It Now or Later}, url = {https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.89.1.103}, urldate = {2019-03-24}, volume = {89}, year = {1999}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.89.1.103}, Bdsk-Url-2 = {https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.89.1.103}} @unpublished{Skiba2008, author = {Paige, Marta Skiba and Tobacman, Jeremy}, date-added = {2019-08-30 23:38:41 +0000}, date-modified = {2019-10-02 10:09:34 -0400}, note = {Working Paper}, title = {Payday Loans, Uncertainty, and Discounting: Explaining Patterns of Borrowing, Repayment, and Default}, year = {2008}} @unpublished{Carrera2019, author = {Carrera, Mariana and Royer, Heather and Stehr, Mark and Sydnor, Justin and Taubinsky, Dmitry}, note = {Working Paper}, title = {Who Chooses Commitment? Evidence and Welfare Implications}, year = {2021}} @unpublished{Bai2018, author = {Bai, Liag and Handel, Benjamin and Miguel, Edward and Rao, Gautam}, date-added = {2019-06-19 17:31:30 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 17:32:41 -0400}, note = {NBER Working Paper No. 23727}, title = {Self-Control and Demand for Preventive Health: Evidence from Hypertension in India}, year = {2018}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{Paserman2008, author = {M. Daniele Paserman}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:53:00 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 15:53:39 -0400}, journal = {The Economic Journal}, month = {August}, pages = {1418-1452}, title = {Job Search and Hyperbolic Discounting: Structural Estimation and Policy Evaluation}, volume = {118}, year = {2008}} @unpublished{Laibson2015, author = {Laibson, David and Maxted, Peter and Repetto, Andrea and Tobacman, Jeremy}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:51:37 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-10-02 10:08:22 -0400}, note = {Working Paper}, title = {Estimating Discount Functions with Consumption Choices over the Lifecycle}, year = {2015}, Bdsk-File-1 = {YnBsaXN0MDDSAQIDBFxyZWxhdGl2ZVBhdGhZYWxpYXNEYXRhXxBULi4vLi4vLi4vLi4vLi4vRHJvcGJveC9QYXlkYXkvTGl0ZXJhdHVyZS9MYWlic29uLCBNYXh0ZWQsIFJlcGV0dG8sIFRvYmFjbWFuIDIwMTUucGRmTxEB2AAAAAAB2AACAAAMTWFjaW50b3NoIEhEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEJEAAH/////H0xhaWJzb24sIE1heHRlZCwgUiNGRkZGRkZGRi5wZGYAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP////8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABQAEAAAKIGN1AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAApMaXRlcmF0dXJlAAIAUi86VXNlcnM6cmFqYjpEcm9wYm94OlBheWRheTpMaXRlcmF0dXJlOkxhaWJzb24sIE1heHRlZCwgUmVwZXR0bywgVG9iYWNtYW4gMjAxNS5wZGYADgBYACsATABhAGkAYgBzAG8AbgAsACAATQBhAHgAdABlAGQALAAgAFIAZQBwAGUAdAB0AG8ALAAgAFQAbwBiAGEAYwBtAGEAbgAgADIAMAAxADUALgBwAGQAZgAPABoADABNAGEAYwBpAG4AdABvAHMAaAAgAEgARAASAFBVc2Vycy9yYWpiL0Ryb3Bib3gvUGF5ZGF5L0xpdGVyYXR1cmUvTGFpYnNvbiwgTWF4dGVkLCBSZXBldHRvLCBUb2JhY21hbiAyMDE1LnBkZgATAAEvAAAVAAIAC///AAAACAANABoAJAB7AAAAAAAAAgEAAAAAAAAABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAlc=}} @unpublished{FangSilverman2004, author = {Hanming Fang and Silverman, Dan}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:48:22 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 15:49:02 -0400}, month = {July}, note = {Cowles Foundation Discussion Paper No. 1465}, title = {Time Inconsistency and Welfare Program Participation: Evidence from the NLSY}, year = {2004}} @article{AugenblickNiederleSprenger2015, author = {Augenblick, Ned and Niederle, Muriel and Sprenger, Charles}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:45:30 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 15:47:07 -0400}, journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics}, month = {August}, number = {3}, pages = {1067-1115}, title = {Working Over Time: Dynamic Inconsistency In Real Effort Tasks}, volume = {130}, year = {2015}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @unpublished{Auglenblick2018, author = {Ned Augenblick}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:44:09 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-09-12 16:18:39 -0400}, note = {Working Paper}, title = {Short-Term Discounting of Unpleasant Tasks}, year = {2018}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{AndreoniSprenger2012b, author = {Andreoni, James and Sprenger, Charles}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:24:30 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 15:25:13 -0400}, journal = {American Economic Review}, month = {December}, number = {7}, pages = {3357-3376}, title = {Risk Preferences Are Not Time Preferences}, volume = {102}, year = {2012}} @article{AndreoniSprenger2012a, author = {Andreoni, James and Sprenger, Charles}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:23:38 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 15:24:26 -0400}, journal = {American Economic Review}, month = {December}, number = {7}, pages = {3333-3356}, title = {Estimating Time Preferences from Convex Budgets}, volume = {102}, year = {2012}} @unpublished{AclandLevy2012, author = {Acland, Dan and Levy, Matthew R.}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:20:10 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 18:31:17 -0400}, note = {Working Paper: GSPP13-002}, title = {Naivete, Projection Bias, and Habit Formation in Gym Attendance}, year = {2012}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{Toussaert2018, author = {Severine Toussaert}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:18:45 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 15:19:44 -0400}, journal = {Econometrica}, month = {May}, number = {3}, pages = {859-889}, title = {Eliciting Temptation and Self-Control Through Menu Choices: A Lab Experiment}, volume = {86}, year = {2018}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{Shapiro2005, author = {Jesse M. Shapiro}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:14:05 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 15:17:10 -0400}, journal = {Journal of Public Economics}, pages = {303-325}, title = {Is There a Daily Discount Rate? Evidence from the Food Stamp Nutrition Cycle}, volume = {89}, year = {2005}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{Schilbach2019, author = {Frank Schilbach}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:13:02 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 15:13:52 -0400}, journal = {American Economic Review}, number = {4}, pages = {1290-1322}, title = {Alcohol and Self-Control: A Field Experiment in India}, volume = {109}, year = {2019}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{RoyerStehrSydnor2015, author = {Royer, Heather and Stehr, Mark and Sydnor, Justin}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:08:52 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 15:09:54 -0400}, journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics}, month = {July}, number = {3}, pages = {51-84}, title = {Incentives, Commitments, and Habit Formation in Exercise: Evidence from a Field Experiment with Workers at a Fortune-500 Company}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{ReadVanLeeuwen1998, author = {Read, Danieal and Van Leeuwen, Barbara}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:07:04 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 15:08:11 -0400}, journal = {Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes}, number = {2}, pages = {189-205}, title = {Predicting Hunger: The Effects of Appetite and Delay on Choice}, volume = {76}, year = {1998}} @unpublished{KuchlerPagel2018, author = {Kuchler, Theresa and Pagel, Michaela}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:05:21 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-10-02 10:07:57 -0400}, month = {August}, note = {NBER Working Paper No. 24881}, title = {Sticking to Your Plan: The Role of Present Bias for Credit Card Paydown}, year = {2018}} @article{Kaur2015, author = {Kaur, Supreet and Kremer, Michael and Mullainathan, Sendhil}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:03:09 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 15:04:09 -0400}, journal = {Journal of Political Economy}, month = {December}, number = {6}, pages = {1227-1277}, title = {Self-Control at Work}, volume = {123}, year = {2015}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{John, author = {Anett John}, date-added = {2019-06-19 15:00:49 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-10-01 15:11:48 -0400}, journal = {Management Science}, number = {2}, pages = {503-529}, title = {When Commitment Fails - Evidence from a Field Experiment}, volume = {66}, year = {2019}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{GineKarlanZinman2010, author = {Gine, Xavier and Karlan, Dean and Zinman, Jonathan}, date-added = {2019-06-19 14:57:59 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 14:59:21 -0400}, journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics}, pages = {213-235}, title = {Put Your Money Where Your Butt Is: A Commitment Contract for Smoking Cessation}, volume = {2}, year = {2010}, Bdsk-File-1 = {YnBsaXN0MDDSAQIDBFxyZWxhdGl2ZVBhdGhZYWxpYXNEYXRhXxB6Li4vLi4vLi4vLi4vLi4vRHJvcGJveC9QYXlkYXkvTGl0ZXJhdHVyZS9HaW5lLCBLYXJsYW4sIGFuZCBaaW5tYW4gMjAxMCBBRUogQXBwbGllZCAtIFB1dCBZb3VyIE1vbmV5IFdoZXJlIFlvdXIgQnV0dCBJcy5wZGZPEQJwAAAAAAJwAAIAAAxNYWNpbnRvc2ggSEQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQkQAAf////8fR2luZSwgS2FybGFuLCBhbmQgI0ZGRkZGRkZGLnBkZgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/////wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAFAAQAAAogY3UAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACkxpdGVyYXR1cmUAAgB4LzpVc2VyczpyYWpiOkRyb3Bib3g6UGF5ZGF5OkxpdGVyYXR1cmU6R2luZSwgS2FybGFuLCBhbmQgWmlubWFuIDIwMTAgQUVKIEFwcGxpZWQgLSBQdXQgWW91ciBNb25leSBXaGVyZSBZb3VyIEJ1dHQgSXMucGRmAA4ApABRAEcAaQBuAGUALAAgAEsAYQByAGwAYQBuACwAIABhAG4AZAAgAFoAaQBuAG0AYQBuACAAMgAwADEAMAAgAEEARQBKACAAQQBwAHAAbABpAGUAZAAgAC0AIABQAHUAdAAgAFkAbwB1AHIAIABNAG8AbgBlAHkAIABXAGgAZQByAGUAIABZAG8AdQByACAAQgB1AHQAdAAgAEkAcwAuAHAAZABmAA8AGgAMAE0AYQBjAGkAbgB0AG8AcwBoACAASABEABIAdlVzZXJzL3JhamIvRHJvcGJveC9QYXlkYXkvTGl0ZXJhdHVyZS9HaW5lLCBLYXJsYW4sIGFuZCBaaW5tYW4gMjAxMCBBRUogQXBwbGllZCAtIFB1dCBZb3VyIE1vbmV5IFdoZXJlIFlvdXIgQnV0dCBJcy5wZGYAEwABLwAAFQACAAv//wAAAAgADQAaACQAoQAAAAAAAAIBAAAAAAAAAAUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMV}} @unpublished{Goda2015, author = {Goda, Gopi Shah and Levy, Matthew R. and Manchester, Colleen Flaherty and Sojourner, Aaron and Tasoff, Joshua}, date-added = {2019-06-19 14:56:11 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-10-02 10:07:03 -0400}, month = {August}, note = {NBER Working Paper No. 21482}, title = {The Role of Time Preferences and Exponential-Growth Bias in Retirement Savings}, year = {2015}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{DufloKremerRobinson2011, author = {Duflo, Esther and Kremer, Michael and Robinson, Jonathan}, date-added = {2019-06-19 14:53:57 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 14:54:56 -0400}, journal = {American Economic Review}, month = {October}, number = {6}, pages = {2350-2390}, title = {Nudging Farmers to Use Fertilizer: Theory and Experimental Evidence from Kenya}, volume = {101}, year = {2011}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{DellaVignaMalmendier2006, author = {DellaVigna, Stefano and Malmendier, Ulrike}, date-added = {2019-06-19 14:51:32 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 14:52:23 -0400}, journal = {American Economic Review}, month = {June}, number = {3}, pages = {694-719}, title = {Paying Not to Go to the Gym}, volume = {96}, year = {2006}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @unpublished{Beshears2015, author = {Beshears, John and Choi, James J. and Harris, Christopher and Laibson, David and Madrian, Brigitte C and Sakong, Jung}, date-added = {2019-06-19 14:47:24 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-10-02 10:05:51 -0400}, month = {August}, note = {NBER Working Paper No. 21474}, title = {Self-Control and Commitment: Can Decreasing the Liquidity of a Savings Account Increase Deposits?}, year = {2015}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{AshrafKarlanYin2006, author = {Ashraf, Nava and Karlan, Dean and Yin, Wesley}, date-added = {2019-06-19 14:45:59 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 14:47:06 -0400}, journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics}, number = {2}, pages = {673-697}, title = {Tying Odysseus to the Mast: Evidence from a Commitment Savings Product in the Philippines}, volume = {121}, year = {2006}} @article{AugenblickRabin2019, author = {Augenblick, Ned and Rabin, Matthew}, date-added = {2019-06-19 14:30:58 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 14:31:59 -0400}, journal = {The Review of Economic Studies}, month = {May}, number = {3}, pages = {941-975}, title = {An Experiment on Time Preference and Misprediction in Unpleasant Tasks}, volume = {86}, year = {2019}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{AclandLevy2015, author = {Acland, Dan and Levy, Matthew R.}, date-added = {2019-06-19 14:18:20 -0400}, date-modified = {2019-06-19 14:19:18 -0400}, journal = {Management Science}, month = {January}, number = {1}, pages = {146-160}, title = {Naivet{\'e}, Projection Bias, and Habit Formation in Gym Attendance}, volume = {61}, year = {2015}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}} @article{Benjamini1995, author = {Benjamini, Yoav and Hochberg, Yosef}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B (Methodological)}, number = {1}, pages = {289-300}, publisher = {Royal Statistical Society, Wiley}, title = {Controlling the False Discovery Rate: A Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing}, volume = {57}, year = {1995}}