/*-------------------------------*/ *NO CHOICE /*-------------------------------*/ clear import delimited "${raw}NoChoice_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) drop if status==1 tab distributionchannel drop if distributionchannel=="preview" tab finished keep if finished==1 sort newid quietly by newid: gen dup = cond(_N==1,0,_n) tab dup drop if dup!=0 rename q32 attention g id=_n g attentionpassed=attention==3 keep if attentionpassed==1 *Treatments g treatment=1 if condition=="BeforeA" replace treatment=2 if condition=="AfterA" replace treatment=3 if condition=="BeforeB" replace treatment=4 if condition=="AfterB" label def treat 1 "Before A" 2 "After A" 3 "Before B" 4 "After B" label val treatment treat *Beliefs g beliefbin=q45 g beliefnum=q43 *Recommend b g recommendb=(recommendationa==2 | recommendationb==2) *Signal g signalblue=(fl_211_do=="Signal_blue2" | fl_221_do=="Signal_blue2" | fl_229_do=="Signal_blue2" | fl_127_do=="Signal_blue2") *Conflict g conflict=1 if treatment<3 & signalblue==1 replace conflict=1 if treatment>2 & signalblue==0 replace conflict=0 if conflict==. *Commission g incentiveA=(condition=="AfterA" | condition=="BeforeA") g incentiveB=1-incentiveA *Recommend incentivized g recommendincentivized=recommendb if treatment>2 replace recommendincentivized=1-recommendb if treatment<3 *Before-After g before=(treatment==1 | treatment==3) g after=1-before *Prosociality forval i=2(1)5{ recode q8`i' (1=0) (2=1) } rename q82 alpha1 rename q83 alpha2 rename q84 alpha3 rename q85 alpha4 rename q176 alpha5 recode alpha5 (1=0) (2=1) egen alphamiss=rowmiss(alpha1 alpha2 alpha3 alpha4) tab alphamiss *alpha1-5 equal 1 is recommend the incentivized option *RESTRICTING RESPONDENTS TO THOSE WITH COMPLETE ALPHA CHOICES keep if alphamiss==0 *Prosociality switch reshape long alpha, i(id) j(number) sort id number g previouschoice=alpha[_n-1] if number>1 g steptob=(alpha-previouschoice) if number>1 bys id: egen sumsteptob=total(steptob) *Alpha value final = number of times you go with the incentive to recommend Y g alphavalue=0 if sumsteptob==0 & alpha==0 & number==5 /*always choosing X, no incentive*/ replace alphavalue=5 if sumsteptob==0 & alpha==1 & number==5 /*always choosing Y, incentive*/ *Alpha value is the question number when the steptob is 1 for those who switch replace alphavalue=number-1 if sumsteptob==1 & steptob==1 g inconsistentchoice=(steptob==-1) bys id: egen inconsistentid=total(inconsistentchoice) bys id: egen alphavaluefinal=total(alphavalue) replace alphavaluefinal=. if inconsistentid>0 tab alphavaluefinal, m cap drop alphavalue inconsistentchoice previouschoice steptob reshape wide alpha, i(id) j(number) *Average alpha tab alphavaluefinal if treatment!=., m rename recommendincentivized recommendincentive g female=(gender==2) replace age="31" if age=="3i" destring age, replace recode englishnative (2=0) g nodifficulty=(difficulty==2) replace nodifficulty=. if difficulty==. label var female "Female" label var age "Age" gen seeincentivefirst=(condition=="BeforeA" | condition=="BeforeB") gen selfish=0 replace selfish=1 if alphavaluefinal>3 replace selfish=. if alphavaluefinal==. gen missingalpha=0 replace missingalpha=1 if alphavaluefinal==. gen noconflict=1-conflict g seeincentivefirst_noconflict=seeincentivefirst*noconflict g recommendincentive_before=recommendincentive if seeincentivefirst==1 g recommendincentive_after=recommendincentive if seeincentivefirst==0 egen stdalpha=std(alphavaluefinal) g choice="No Choice" save "${data}nochoice.dta", replace /*------------------------------*/ *CHOICE EXPERIMENT /*------------------------------*/ *** CLEANING DEIDENTIFIED DATA clear import delimited "${raw}Choice1_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) drop if status==1 *drop if workerid=="" tab distributionchannel drop if distributionchannel=="preview" tab finished keep if finished==1 sort newid quietly by newid: gen dup = cond(_N==1,0,_n) tab dup drop if dup!=0 rename q32 attention g id=_n+10000 g attentionpassed=attention==3 keep if attentionpassed==1 ***gen IncentiveB g incentiveB=. replace incentiveB=1 if condition=="choiceFreeB" replace incentiveB=1 if condition=="choicePayB" replace incentiveB=0 if condition=="choiceFreeA" replace incentiveB=0 if condition=="choicePayA" g incentiveA=. replace incentiveA=1 if condition=="choiceFreeA" replace incentiveA=1 if condition=="choicePayA" replace incentiveA=0 if condition=="choiceFreeB" replace incentiveA=0 if condition=="choicePayB" **Commission gen commission="commissionB" if incentiveB==1 replace commission="commissionA" if incentiveB==0 *Choice before g choicebefore=(choicefreeq==1 | choicepay==1) *Recommendation g recommendb=(recommendationa==2 | recommendationb==2) replace recommendb=. if recommendationa==. & recommendationb==. g recommenda=1-recommendb g recommendincentive=recommendb if commission=="commissionB" replace recommendincentive=recommenda if commission=="commissionA" *Beliefs g beliefbin=q45 g belief=q43 replace belief=q43*100 if q43<1 *Signal g signalblue=(fl_298_do=="Signal_blue2" /// | fl_304_do=="Signal_blue2" /// | fl_211_do=="Signal_blue2" /// | fl_221_do=="Signal_blue2" /// | fl_310_do=="Signal_blue2" /// | fl_229_do=="Signal_blue2" /// | fl_325_do=="Signal_blue2" /// | fl_127_do=="Signal_blue2") *Conflict g conflict=0 replace conflict=1 if signalblue==1 & commission=="commissionA" replace conflict=1 if signalblue==0 & commission=="commissionB" *Treatment g treatment="ChoiceFree" if condition=="choiceFreeA" | condition=="choiceFreeB" replace treatment="ChoicePay" if condition=="choicePayA" | condition=="choicePayB" *Random assignment to order g get=fl_264_do if condition=="choiceFreeA" & choicefreeq==2 replace get=fl_265_do if condition=="choiceFreeA" & choicefreeq==1 replace get=fl_289_do if condition=="choiceFreeB" & choicefreeq==1 replace get=fl_287_do if condition=="choiceFreeB" & choicefreeq==2 replace get=fl_342_do if condition=="choicePayA" & choicepayq==2 replace get=fl_272_do if condition=="choicePayA" & choicepayq==1 replace get=fl_320_do if condition=="choicePayB" & choicepayq==1 replace get=fl_331_do if condition=="choicePayB" & choicepayq==2 g getafter=(get=="GetAfter") g getbefore=1-getafter g costlydemand=(condition=="choicePayA" | condition=="choicePayB") g choicewave=1 g study=2 if costlydemand==0 replace study=3 if costlydemand==1 replace age="51" if age=="51`" replace age="" if age=="re" destring age, replace *Prosociality destring q82 q83 q84 q85 q176, force replace forval i=2(1)5{ recode q8`i' (1=0) (2=1) } rename q82 alpha1 rename q83 alpha2 rename q84 alpha3 rename q85 alpha4 rename q176 alpha5 recode alpha5 (1=0) (2=1) egen alphamiss=rowmiss(alpha1 alpha2 alpha3 alpha4 alpha5) keep if alphamiss==0 g choice="Choice" drop fl_17_do fl_264_do fl_298_do fl_265_do fl_211_do fl_272_do fl_304_do fl_342_do /// *fl_289_do fl_221_do fl_310_do fl_287_do fl_229_do fl_320_do fl_320_do fl_325_do fl_331_do fl_127_do save "${data}choice1.dta", replace /*-------------------------------*/ *PROFESSIONALS STUDY /*-------------------------------*/ *** CLEAN DE_IDENTIFIED DATA **PROLIFIC clear import delimited "${raw}ProfessionalsProlific_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) drop if status==1 drop if distributionchannel=="preview" keep if finished==1 sort newid quietly by newid: gen dup = cond(_N==1,0,_n) drop if dup>0 g sample="Prolific" save "${data}professionals_prolific", replace *CLOUDRESEARCH clear import delimited "${raw}ProfessionalsCloudresearch_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) g sample="CloudResearch" drop if status==1 drop if distributionchannel=="preview" keep if finished==1 sort newid quietly by newid: gen dup = cond(_N==1,0,_n) tab dup drop if dup!=0 drop fl_17_do fl_481_do fl_523_do fl_528_do fl_548_do fl_555_do fl_563_do fl_657_do fl_629_do fl_656_do fl_642_do rename industry industry_cloudresearch append using "${data}professionals_prolific.dta", force g attentionpassed=attention==3 drop if attentionpassed==0 *Choice g choicebefore=(choicefree==1) replace choicebefore=. if choicefree==. drop if choicebefore==. *Beliefs g beliefbin=q45 g beliefnum=q43 g belief=q43 replace belief=q43*100 if q43<1 *Recommendation g recommendb=(recommendationa==2 | recommendationb==2) replace recommendb=. if recommendationa==. & recommendationb==. g recommenda=1-recommendb g recommendincentive=recommenda if condition=="choicefreeA" replace recommendincentive=recommendb if condition=="choicefreeB" *Get before g getafter=(getbefore=="GetAfter") g getbefore2=(getbefore=="GetBefore") drop getbefore rename getbefore2 getbefore *Signal g signalblue=signal=="Blue" *Conflict g conflict=0 replace conflict=1 if signalblue==1 & (condition=="choicefreeA") replace conflict=1 if signalblue==0 & (condition=="choicefreeB") g incentiveA=(commission=="commissionA") g incentiveB=1-incentiveA g costlydemand=0 g female=(gender==2) g choice="Professionals" g beliefcorrect=0 replace beliefcorrect=1 if beliefbin==4 & signalblue==1 /*signal $2, quality low with 25% chance*/ replace beliefcorrect=1 if beliefbin==8 & signalblue==0 /*signal $0, quality low with 66.7% chance*/ g explanationchoice=q211 destring age, replace g id=_n+20000 keep recommendincentive getbefore incentiveB incentiveA /// costlydemand choicebefore belief conflict signalblue /// female age sample beliefbin choice beliefcorrect /// newid explanationchoice jobtitle industry shortid currentcountr g study=1 save "${data}professionals.dta", replace /*-------------------------------*/ *PROFESSIONALS - JOB TITLES /*-------------------------------*/ clear import excel "${raw}Professionals_jobtitles.xlsx", first case(l) save "${data}professionals_jobtitles.dta", replace /*-------------------------------*/ *CHOICE 2 - REVERSED /*-------------------------------*/ *** CLEANING DEIDENTIFIED DATA clear import delimited "${raw}Choice2_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) drop if status==1 tab distributionchannel drop if distributionchannel=="preview" tab finished keep if finished==1 sort newid quietly by newid: gen dup = cond(_N==1,0,_n) tab dup drop if dup>0 drop if q_recaptchascore<.50 g id=_n+30000 g attention=attention_a replace attention=attention_b if attention_b!=. replace attention=att_highro if att_highro!=. replace attention=att_highflipped if att_highflipped!=. drop attention_a attention_b att_highro att_highflipped g attentionpassed=attention==3 tab attentionpassed drop if attentionpassed==0 rename q211 explanationchoice replace explanationchoice=q188 if explanationchoice=="" drop q188 *Choice before g choicebefore=. replace choicebefore=1 if choicefreereghigh==1 replace choicebefore=0 if choicefreereghigh==2 *Beliefs g beliefbin=q45 *g beliefnum=q43 g belief=q43 if incentives=="$0.15 " replace belief=q551 if incentives=="$15 " replace beliefbin=q550 if incentives=="$15 " replace belief=q43*100 if q43<1 *Recommendation g recommendb=. replace recommendb=1 if recommendationb==2 replace recommendb=0 if recommendationb==1 replace recommendb=1 if recommendationb_flip==2 replace recommendb=0 if recommendationb_flip==1 replace recommendb=1 if recommendationa==2 replace recommendb=0 if recommendationa==1 replace recommendb=1 if recommendationa_flip==2 replace recommendb=0 if recommendationa_flip==1 g recommenda=1-recommendb g recommendincentive=recommendb if commission=="commissionB" replace recommendincentive=recommenda if commission=="commissionA" *Signal g signalblue=. *replace signalblue=1 if signal=="Blue" replace signalblue=1 if fl_272_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_459_do=="Signal_blue2HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=1 if fl_260_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_450_do=="Signal_blue2HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=1 if fl_248_do=="Signal_blue2REVERSEPRODUCTORDER" replace signalblue=1 if fl_508_do=="Signal_blue2REVERSEPRODUCTORDER-HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=1 if fl_236_do=="Signal_blue2REVERSEPRODUCTORDER" replace signalblue=1 if fl_469_do=="Signal_blue2REVERSEPRODUCTORDER-HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=1 if fl_163_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_476_do=="Signal_blue2HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=1 if fl_151_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_483_do=="Signal_blue2HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=1 if fl_139_do=="Signal_blue2REVERSEPRODUCTORDER" replace signalblue=1 if fl_491_do=="Signal_blue2REVERSEPRODUCTORDER-HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=1 if fl_127_do=="Signal_blue2REVERSEPRODUCTORDER" replace signalblue=1 if fl_499_do=="Signal_blue2REVERSEPRODUCTORDER-HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=1 if signal=="Blue" replace signalblue=0 if fl_272_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_459_do=="Signal_red0HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=0 if fl_260_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_450_do=="Signal_red0HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=0 if fl_248_do=="Signal_redREVERSEPRODUCTORDER" replace signalblue=0 if fl_508_do=="Signal_redREVERSEPRODUCTORDER-HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=0 if fl_236_do=="Signal_redREVERSEPRODUCTORDER" replace signalblue=0 if fl_469_do=="Signal_redREVERSEPRODUCTORDER-HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=0 if fl_163_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_476_do=="Signal_red0HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=0 if fl_151_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_483_do=="Signal_red0HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=0 if fl_139_do=="Signal_redREVERSEPRODUCTORDER" replace signalblue=0 if fl_491_do=="Signal_redREVERSEPRODUCTORDER-HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=0 if fl_127_do=="Signal_redREVERSEPRODUCTORDER" replace signalblue=0 if fl_499_do=="Signal_redREVERSEPRODUCTORDER-HIGHINCENTIVES" replace signalblue=0 if signal=="Red" *Conflict g conflict=. replace conflict=1 if signalblue==0 & commission=="commissionB" replace conflict=0 if signalblue==1 & commission=="commissionB" replace conflict=1 if signalblue==1 & commission=="commissionA" replace conflict=0 if signalblue==0 & commission=="commissionA" g incentiveshigh=(incentives=="$15 ") g flippedorder=(uncertainproduct=="Product A") g costlydemand=0 g incentiveA=(commission=="commissionA") g incentiveB=1-incentiveA gen incentiveleft=. replace incentiveleft=1 if incentiveB==1 & flippedorder==1 replace incentiveleft=0 if incentiveB==1 & flippedorder==0 replace incentiveleft=1 if incentiveA==1 & flippedorder==0 replace incentiveleft=0 if incentiveA==1 & flippedorder==1 tab condition replace condition="ChoiceFree" g choicewave=2 g getafter=(getbefore=="GetAfter") cap drop getbefore g getbefore=1-getafter g study=4 *Prosociality forval i=2(1)5{ recode q8`i' (1=0) (2=1) } forval i=4(1)8{ recode q54`i' (1=0) (2=1) } g alpha1=q82 if incentiveshigh==0 replace alpha1=q544 if incentiveshigh==1 g alpha2=q83 if incentiveshigh==0 replace alpha2=q545 if incentiveshigh==1 g alpha3=q84 if incentiveshigh==0 replace alpha3=q546 if incentiveshigh==1 g alpha4=q85 if incentiveshigh==0 replace alpha4=q547 if incentiveshigh==1 g alpha5=v193 if incentiveshigh==0 recode alpha5 (1=0) (2=1) replace alpha5=q548 if incentiveshigh==1 egen alphamiss=rowmiss(alpha1 alpha2 alpha3 alpha4 alpha5) keep if alphamiss==0 g choice="Choice" drop fl_101_do fl_226_do fl_341_do fl_314_do fl_411_do fl_271_do fl_272_do fl_459_do /// fl_259_do fl_260_do fl_450_do fl_247_do fl_248_do fl_508_do fl_235_do fl_236_do fl_469_do /// fl_117_do fl_365_do fl_205_do fl_413_do fl_162_do fl_163_do fl_476_do fl_150_do fl_151_do fl_483_do /// fl_138_do fl_139_do fl_491_do fl_126_do fl_127_do fl_499_do save "${data}choice2.dta", replace /*-------------------------------*/ *CHOICE 3 - wave3 /*-------------------------------*/ *** CLEANING DEIDENTIFIED DATA clear import delimited "${raw}Choice3_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) drop if status==1 *drop if workerid=="" tab distributionchannel drop if distributionchannel=="preview" tab finished keep if finished==1 tab attention replace attention=q343 if condition=="Highx10" | condition=="Highx100" keep if attention!=. gen attentionpassed=(attention==3) tab attentionpassed **94.86% passed the attention check (N=2095) out of 2202 who completed the attention check question drop if attentionpassed!=1 sort newid quietly by newid: gen dup = cond(_N==1,0,_n) tab dup drop if dup!=0 drop if q_recaptchascore<.50 tab status sort startdate g id=_n+40000 **Beliefs replace beliefbin=beliefbin_high if beliefbin==. drop beliefbin_high replace belief=belief_high if belief_high!=. drop belief_high replace belief=belief*100 if belief<1 replace age="" if age=="casian" destring age, replace ***Gen recommendB and recommenda dummies g recommendb=. replace recommendb=1 if recommendationb==2 replace recommendb=0 if recommendationb==1 replace recommendb=1 if recommendationa==2 replace recommendb=0 if recommendationa==1 g recommenda=1-recommendb ***gen IncentiveB g incentiveB=. replace incentiveB=1 if commission=="commissionB" replace incentiveB=0 if commission=="commissionA" g incentiveA=. replace incentiveA=1 if commission=="commissionA" replace incentiveA=0 if commission=="commissionB" *GET by treatment g getafter=(getbefore=="GetAfter") cap drop getbefore g getbefore=1-getafter **gen bluesignal dummy g signalblue=. replace signalblue=1 if signal=="Blue" replace signalblue=1 if fl_750_do=="SignalBlue_HighIncentives" replace signalblue=1 if fl_773_do=="SignalBlue_HighIncentives" replace signalblue=1 if fl_785_do=="SignalBlue_HighIncentives" replace signalblue=1 if fl_528_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_555_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_555_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_629_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_642_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=0 if signal=="Red" replace signalblue=0 if fl_750_do=="SignalRed_highIncentives" replace signalblue=0 if fl_773_do=="SignalRed_highIncentives" replace signalblue=0 if fl_785_do=="SignalRed_highIncentives" replace signalblue=0 if fl_528_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_555_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_555_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_629_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_642_do=="Signal_red0" g conflict=. replace conflict=1 if signalblue==0 & commission=="commissionB" replace conflict=0 if signalblue==1 & commission=="commissionB" replace conflict=1 if signalblue==1 & commission=="commissionA" replace conflict=0 if signalblue==0 & commission=="commissionA" tab commission g recommendincentive=recommendb if commission=="commissionB" replace recommendincentive=recommenda if commission=="commissionA" gen choicebefore=. replace choicebefore=1 if choicefree==1 replace choicebefore=0 if choicefree==2 replace choicebefore=1 if choicepaybefore==1 replace choicebefore=0 if choicepaybefore==2 replace choicebefore=0 if choicepayafter==2 replace choicebefore=1 if choicepayafter==1 *** DUMMIES FOR STAKE TREATMENTS gen HighStakes="" replace HighStakes=condition if condition=="Highx10" replace HighStakes=condition if condition=="Highx100" gen Highx10=0 replace Highx10=1 if condition=="Highx10" gen Highx100=0 replace Highx100=1 if condition=="Highx100" replace condition="ChoiceFree" if Highx10==1 replace condition="ChoiceFree" if Highx100==1 **Info avoidance tab ia_choice gen chooseblindness=ia_choice replace chooseblindness=0 if ia_choice==2 tab chooseblindness gen ia_recommend1=. replace ia_recommend1=1 if ia_rec_quality0==1 | ia_recq2==1 | ia_rec_both2==1 | ia_rec_both0==1 replace ia_recommend1=0 if ia_rec_quality0==2 | ia_recq2==2 | ia_rec_both2==2 | ia_rec_both0==2 gen ia_recommendincentive=1 if ia_recommend1==1 & ia_incentive=="Product 1" replace ia_recommendincentive=0 if ia_recommend1==0 & ia_incentive=="Product 1" replace ia_recommendincentive=1 if ia_recommend1==0 & ia_incentive=="Product 2" replace ia_recommendincentive=0 if ia_recommend1==1 & ia_incentive=="Product 2" ***Prosociality forval i=1(1)5{ recode alpha`i' (1=0) (2=1) } egen alphamiss=rowmiss(alpha1 alpha2 alpha3 alpha4) keep if alphamiss==0 gen study=6 rename q211 explanationchoice gen costlydemand=0 replace costlydemand=1 if condition=="PayBefore" g sample="MTurk" drop fl_728_do fl_816_do fl_737_do fl_759_do fl_750_do fl_761_do fl_773_do fl_778_do /// fl_785_do fl_793_do fl_800_do fl_825_do fl_837_do fl_903_do fl_843_do fl_870_do fl_850_do /// fl_880_do fl_855_do fl_889_do fl_17_do fl_481_do fl_523_do fl_528_do fl_548_do fl_555_do /// fl_563_do fl_657_do fl_629_do fl_656_do fl_642_do fl_933_do fl_916_do fl_935_do g choice="Choice" save "${data}choice3.dta", replace /*-------------------------------*/ *POOLING ALL CHOICE WAVES INTO 1 DATASET /*-------------------------------*/ u "${data}choice1.dta", clear append using "${data}choice2.dta" append using "${data}choice3.dta" *Prosociality - switch point reshape long alpha, i(id) j(number) sort id number g previouschoice=alpha[_n-1] if number>1 g steptob=(alpha-previouschoice) if number>1 bys id: egen sumsteptob=total(steptob) *Alpha value final = number of times you go with the incentive to recommend Y g alphavalue=0 if sumsteptob==0 & alpha==0 & number==5 /*always choosing X, no incentive*/ replace alphavalue=5 if sumsteptob==0 & alpha==1 & number==5 /*always choosing Y, incentive*/ *Alpha value is the question number when the steptob is 1 for those who switch replace alphavalue=number-1 if sumsteptob==1 & steptob==1 g inconsistentchoice=(steptob==-1) bys id: egen inconsistentid=total(inconsistentchoice) bys id: egen alphavaluefinal=total(alphavalue) replace alphavaluefinal=. if inconsistentid>0 cap drop alphavalue inconsistentchoice previouschoice steptob reshape wide alpha, i(id) j(number) *ATTENTIVE GUYS are DROPPED FOR INCOMPLETE ANSWERS *KEEP CONSISTENT GUYS IN ALPHA TASK tab alphavaluefinal, m egen stdalpha=std(alphavaluefinal) gen selfish=(alphavaluefinal>3) replace selfish=. if alphavaluefinal==. *tab attention0, m *keep if attention0==1 destring gender age englishnative difficulty, force replace g female=(gender==2) recode englishnative (2=0) g nodifficulty=(difficulty==2) replace nodifficulty=. if difficulty==. label var female "Female" label var age "Age" g beliefcorrect=0 replace beliefcorrect=1 if beliefbin==4 & signalblue==1 replace beliefcorrect=1 if beliefbin==8 & signalblue==0 replace sample="MTurk" replace incentiveleft=0 if study!=4 replace incentiveshigh=0 if study!=4 drop if choicebefore==. tab condition, m replace condition="ChoiceFree" if condition=="choiceFreeA" replace condition="ChoiceFree" if condition=="choiceFreeB" replace condition="PayBefore" if condition=="choicePayA" replace condition="PayBefore" if condition=="choicePayB" keep id startdate enddate attentionpassed recommendincentive getbefore incentiveB incentiveA commission costlydemand /// choicebefore belief beliefbin conflict signalblue female age selfish stdalpha /// alphavaluefinal beliefcorrect newid shortid /// sample choice incentiveshigh flippedorder /// incentiveleft condition study Highx10 Highx100 chooseblindness append using "${data}professionals.dta" rename costlydemand incentivecostly g qualitycostly=0 replace qualitycostly=1 if condition=="PayAfter" g professionals=(study==1) g prolific=(sample=="Prolific") g cloudresearch=(sample=="CloudResearch") gen professionalscloudresearch=0 if professionals==1 & cloudresearch==1 replace professionalscloudresearch=1 if professionals==1 & cloudresearch==1 replace incentiveshigh=0 if incentiveshigh==. replace incentiveleft=0 if incentiveleft==. replace Highx10=0 if Highx10==. replace Highx100=0 if Highx100==. g mturkwave=. replace mturkwave=1 if study==2 | study==3 replace mturkwave=2 if study==4 replace mturkwave=3 if study==6 ***drop 1 participant <18 to comply w IRB rules drop if age<18 replace age=. if age==545 replace condition="ChoiceFree_Professionals" if study==1 tab condition drop if choicebefore==. replace study=7 if study==6 & condition=="PayBefore" replace study=8 if study==6 & condition=="PayAfter" ** waves g wave1=(study==2 | study==3) g wave2=(study==4) g wave3=(study==6 | study==7 | study==8) **professionals cloudresearch replace professionalscloudresearch=0 if professionalscloudresearch==. **probabilistic incentives g probabilistic_incentive=1 if incentiveshigh==1 replace probabilistic_incentive=1 if professionals==1 replace probabilistic_incentive=0 if professionals==0 & incentiveshigh==0 **locatedUS g locatedus=1 if study>1 replace locatedus=1 if study==1 & prolific==0 replace locatedus=1 if study==1 & prolific==1 & currentcountryofresidence=="United States" replace locatedus=0 if study==1 & prolific==1 & currentcountryofresidence!="United States" drop currentcountryofresidence **For appendix g wave="AMT-1" if wave1==1 replace wave="AMT-2" if wave2==1 replace wave="AMT-3" if wave3==1 replace wave="Prolific/CloudResearch" if study==1 g incentivedesign="0.15" if wave1==1 replace incentivedesign="15 (to 1 out of 100)" if incentiveshigh==1 | wave=="Prolific/CloudResearch" replace incentivedesign="1.50" if Highx10==1 replace incentivedesign="15 (to everyone)" if Highx100==1 replace incentivedesign="0.15" if wave2==1 & incentiveshigh==0 replace incentivedesign="0.15" if wave3==1 & Highx10==0 & Highx100==0 g year=2019 if wave1==1 replace year=2020 if wave2==1 | wave=="Prolific/CloudResearch" replace year=2021 if wave3==1 g treatment=0 if condition=="ChoiceFree" replace treatment=1 if professionals==1 replace treatment=2 if condition=="PayBefore" replace treatment=3 if condition=="PayAfter" gen selfishseeincentivecostly=stdalpha*incentivecostly gen selfishseequalitycostly=stdalpha*qualitycostly gen committ=1-choicebefore *Separate dummies, instead of factor variables in regression g professionalsfree=(professionals==1) g seeincentivecostly=condition=="PayBefore" g seequalitycostly=condition=="PayAfter" g incentiveshigh_incentiveleft=incentiveshigh*incentiveleft *blinding g avoid_incentiveinfo=(chooseblindness==1) replace avoid_incentiveinfo=. if chooseblindness==. gen choiceafter=1-choicebefore **Recommendations ***Gen indicator for whether participants get their desired choice of info order gen getyourchoice=0 replace getyourchoice=1 if choicebefore==1 & getbefore==1 replace getyourchoice=1 if choicebefore==0 & getbefore==0 label var getyourchoice "Random Assignment to Preferred Order" g choicebefore_getyourchoice=choicebefore*getyourchoice label var choicebefore_getyourchoice "Prefer to See Incentive First X Random Assignment" g getbeforenoconflict=getbefore*(1-conflict) g noconflict=1-conflict g choicebeforenoconflict=choicebefore*(1-conflict) g choicebefore_getbefore=choicebefore*getbefore g choicebefore_getbefore_nocon=choicebefore*getbefore*(1-conflict) g notgetyourchoice=(1-getyourchoice) g notgetyourchoicenoconflict=(1-getyourchoice)*(1-conflict) g choicebeforenotgetyourchoice=notgetyourchoice*choicebefore gen choicebeforegetbefore=choicebefore*getbefore ***Beliefs g logsignalhigh=-log(2) /*prob signal H if q=L 0.4 / prob signal H if q=H 0.8 --> log(1/2)=-log(2)*/ g logsignallow=log(3) /*prob signal L if q=L 0.6 / prob signal L if quality H 0.2 --> log(3) */ g logitbelief=log(belief/(100-belief)) /*that B is low quality*/ g good=0 replace good=logsignallow if incentiveA==1 & signalblue==0 replace good=logsignalhigh if incentiveB==1 & signalblue==1 g bad=0 replace bad=logsignallow if incentiveB==1 & signalblue==0 replace bad=logsignalhigh if incentiveA==1 & signalblue==1 g goodchoicebefore=good*choicebefore g badchoicebefore=bad*choicebefore g goodgetyourchoice=good*getyourchoice g badgetyourchoice=bad*getyourchoice g goodnotgetyourchoice=good*(1-getyourchoice) g badnotgetyourchoice=bad*(1-getyourchoice) g goodchoicebeforenotgetyourchoice=good*(1-getyourchoice)*choicebefore g badchoicebeforenotgetyourchoice=bad*(1-getyourchoice)*choicebefore g bayesianposterior=33 if signalblue==1 replace bayesianposterior=75 if signalblue==0 label var good "Good news (log odds incl.)" label var bad "Bad news (log odds incl.)" label var badchoicebefore "Bad news (log) X Pref Inc 1st" label var goodchoicebefore "Good news (log) X Pref Inc 1st" label var goodgetyourchoice "Good news (log) X Get Choice" label var badgetyourchoice "Bad news (log) X Get Choice" label var goodnotgetyourchoice "Good news (log) X Not Get Choice" label var badnotgetyourchoice "Bad news (log) X Not Get Choice" label var goodchoicebeforenotgetyourchoice "Good news (log) X Prefer Inc 1st X Not Get Choice" label var badchoicebeforenotgetyourchoice "bad news (log) X Prefer Inc 1st X Not Get Choice" label var bayesianposterior "Bayesian Posterior" g badsignal=0 replace badsignal=1 if incentiveB==1 & signalblue==0 replace badsignal=1 if incentiveA==1 & signalblue==1 *Gen variables for those who update in correct direction *belief is likelihood that quality is LOW, so if signal is blue($2), likelihood should be 25 g updatecorrect=(belief<50) if signalblue==1 replace updatecorrect=(belief>50) if signalblue==0 g updatedirection=1 if signalblue==1 & belief<50 replace updatedirection=1 if signalblue==0 & belief>50 replace updatedirection=0 if belief==50 replace updatedirection=-1 if belief>50 & signalblue==1 replace updatedirection=-1 if belief<50 & signalblue==0 g updatewrong=(updatedirection==-1) **cumulative beliefs distance g beliefdistance=belief-33.3 if signalblue==1 /*positive difference=too little updating*/ replace beliefdistance=75-belief if signalblue==0 /*positive difference=too little updating*/ g relbeliefdistance=(50-belief)/(50-33) if signalblue==1 replace relbeliefdistance=(50-belief)/(50-75) if signalblue==0 **correct direction - incentivized measure *Prob quality of B is low, bin #5 - 41-50% g correctdirbin=0 replace correctdirbin=1 if signalblue==1 & beliefbin<6 & beliefbin!=. /*if signal is blue, $2, it decreases*/ replace correctdirbin=1 if signalblue==0 & beliefbin>4 & beliefbin!=. /*if signal is blue, $0, it decreases*/ *correct bin - incentivized measure g beliefinbin=0 replace beliefinbin=1 if belief<11 & beliefbin==1 replace beliefinbin=1 if belief>10 & belief<21 & beliefbin==2 replace beliefinbin=1 if belief>20 & belief<31 & beliefbin==3 replace beliefinbin=1 if belief>30 & belief<41 & beliefbin==4 replace beliefinbin=1 if belief>40 & belief<51 & beliefbin==5 replace beliefinbin=1 if belief>50 & belief<61 & beliefbin==6 replace beliefinbin=1 if belief>60 & belief<71 & beliefbin==7 replace beliefinbin=1 if belief>70 & belief<81 & beliefbin==8 replace beliefinbin=1 if belief>80 & belief<91 & beliefbin==9 replace beliefinbin=1 if belief>90 & belief!=. & beliefbin==10 replace beliefinbin=. if belief==. | beliefbin==. ** belief at prior g belief_prior=0 replace belief_prior=1 if beliefbin==5 replace belief_prior=. if beliefbin==. *** belief at prior - continuous g belief_prior_continuos=0 replace belief_prior_continuos=1 if belief==50 replace belief_prior_continuos=. if belief==. drop newid save "${data}choice_experiments.dta", replace /*-----CHOICE - CODED EXPLANATIONS OF CHOICE -------*/ *IMPORT EXPLANATIONS CSV clear import excel "${raw}Choice_explanations_deidentified.xlsx", first case(l) save "${data}coding_explanations.dta", replace u "${data}choice_experiments.dta", clear keep if mturkwave==2 | professionals==1 rename id participant_id g id=shortid bys id: egen countid=count(id) tab countid study drop if alphavaluefinal==. & study!=1 merge 1:m shortid using "${data}coding_explanations.dta", force rename _merge _mergedecisions keep if _mergedecisions==3 tab countid study if rater==1 replace condition="ChoiceFree_Professionals" if study==1 egen rowsum=rowtotal(limitbias nomatter commission_expl feeling other) g mergedcategory=1 if limitbias==1 & rowsum<2 replace mergedcategory=2 if nomatter==1 & rowsum<2 replace mergedcategory=3 if commission_expl==1 & rowsum<2 replace mergedcategory=4 if (feeling==1 | other==1) & (rowsum==1 | rowsum==2) replace mergedcategory=5 if rowsum==0 replace mergedcategory=6 if rowsum>1 & limitbias==1 & nomatter==1 replace mergedcategory=7 if rowsum>1 & limitbias==1 & commission_expl==1 replace mergedcategory=8 if rowsum>1 & limitbias==1 & (feeling==1 | other==1) replace mergedcategory=9 if rowsum>1 & commission_expl==1 & nomatter==1 replace mergedcategory=10 if rowsum>1 & nomatter==1 & (feeling==1 | other==1) replace mergedcategory=11 if rowsum>1 & commission_expl==1 & (feeling==1 | other==1) g otherreason=(other==1 | feeling==1) reshape wide limitbias nomatter commission_expl feeling other comments rowsum /// mergedcategory otherreason, i(shortid) j(rater) g nocategory1=(limitbias1==0 & nomatter1==0 & commission_expl1==0 & otherreason1==0) g nocategory2=(limitbias2==0 & nomatter2==0 & commission_expl2==0 & otherreason2==0) foreach v of newlist limitbias nomatter commission_expl feeling other otherreason nocategory { egen `v'=rowmean(`v'1 `v'2) } egen mergedcategory=rowmean(mergedcategory1 mergedcategory2) drop shortid save "${data}Choice_coding_explanations.dta", replace /*-------------------------------*/ *STAKES STUDY /*-------------------------------*/ *** CLEANING DEIDENTIFIED DATA clear import delimited "${raw}Stakes_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) drop if status==1 tab distributionchannel drop if distributionchannel=="preview" tab finished keep if finished==1 g attentionpassed=attention==3 keep if attentionpassed==1 sort newid quietly by newid: gen dup = cond(_N==1,0,_n) tab dup drop if dup!=0 drop if q_recaptchascore<.50 g id=_n+50000 *Treatment g condition2=0.30 if condition=="PayBefore_HighCommission" replace condition2=0.15 if condition=="PayBefore_main" replace condition2=0.01 if condition=="PayBeforeLowCommission" recode choicepaybefore (2=0) recode choicehighcommission (2=0) recode choicelowcommission (2=0) g choicebefore=choicepaybefore if condition=="PayBefore_main" replace choicebefore=choicehighcommission if condition=="PayBefore_HighCommission" replace choicebefore=choicelowcommission if condition=="PayBeforeLowCommission" *Signal g signalblue=(signal=="Blue") *Beliefs g beliefbin=q45 g belief=q43 g beliefcorrect=0 replace beliefcorrect=1 if beliefbin==4 & signalblue==1 replace beliefcorrect=1 if beliefbin==8 & signalblue==0 *Recommendation g recommendb=(recommendationa==2 | recommendationb==2) g recommenda=1-recommendb g recommendincentive=recommenda if commission=="commissionA" replace recommendincentive=recommendb if commission=="commissionB" *Conflict g conflict=0 replace conflict=1 if signalblue==1 & commission=="commissionA" replace conflict=1 if signalblue==0 & commission=="commissionB" *Get before g getbeforenum=(fl_523_do=="GetBeforeIncentiveforA" | /// fl_548_do=="GetBeforeIncentiveforA" | /// fl_657_do=="GetBeforeIncentiveforB" | /// fl_656_do=="GetBeforeIncentiveforB" ) drop getbefore rename getbeforenum getbefore destring age, replace **Gender gen female=. replace female=1 if gender==2 replace female=0 if gender==1 *Prosociality forval i=2(1)5{ recode q8`i' (1=0) (2=1) } rename q82 alpha1 rename q83 alpha2 rename q84 alpha3 rename q85 alpha4 rename q176 alpha5 recode alpha5 (1=0) (2=1) egen alphamiss=rowmiss(alpha1 alpha2 alpha3 alpha4) keep if alphamiss==0 *Prosociality - switch point reshape long alpha, i(id) j(number) sort id number g previouschoice=alpha[_n-1] if number>1 g steptob=(alpha-previouschoice) if number>1 bys id: egen sumsteptob=total(steptob) *Alpha value final = number of times you go with the incentive to recommend Y g alphavalue=0 if sumsteptob==0 & alpha==0 & number==5 /*always choosing X, no incentive*/ replace alphavalue=5 if sumsteptob==0 & alpha==1 & number==5 /*always choosing Y, incentive*/ *Alpha value is the question number when the steptob is 1 for those who switch replace alphavalue=number-1 if sumsteptob==1 & steptob==1 g inconsistentchoice=(steptob==-1) bys id: egen inconsistentid=total(inconsistentchoice) bys id: egen alphavaluefinal=total(alphavalue) replace alphavaluefinal=. if inconsistentid>0 cap drop alphavalue inconsistentchoice previouschoice steptob reshape wide alpha, i(id) j(number) *ATTENTIVE GUYS are DROPPED FOR INCOMPLETE ANSWERS *KEEP CONSISTENT GUYS IN ALPHA TASK tab alphavaluefinal, m gen selfish=(alphavaluefinal>3) replace selfish=. if alphavaluefinal==. g choice="Stakes" drop if choicebefore==. g conditionnum=1 if condition=="PayBeforeLowCommission" replace conditionnum=2 if condition=="PayBefore_main" replace conditionnum=3 if condition=="PayBefore_HighCommission" keep if conditionnum!=. label var female "Female" label var age "Age" replace age=61 if age==611 g commissionlow=conditionnum==1 g commissionintermediate=conditionnum==2 g commissionhigh=conditionnum==3 g noconflict=1-conflict g choicebeforenoconflict=choicebefore*noconflict g incentiveB=commission=="commissionB" g getyourchoice=0 replace getyourchoice=1 if choicebefore==1 & getbefore==1 replace getyourchoice=1 if choicebefore==0 & getbefore==0 g notgetyourchoice=1-getyourchoice g choicebeforenotgetyourchoice=choicebefore*notgetyourchoice g notgetyourchoicenoconflict=noconflict*notgetyourchoice g commissionlowchoicebefore=commissionlow*choicebefore g commissionhighchoicebefore=commissionhigh*choicebefore egen stdalpha=std(alphavaluefinal) drop responseid newid drop distributionchannel userlanguage drop fl_17_do fl_481_do fl_523_do fl_528_do fl_548_do fl_555_do fl_563_do fl_657_do fl_629_do fl_656_do fl_642_do save "${data}stakes.dta", replace /*-------------------------------*/ * INFORMATION ARCHITECT STUDY /*-------------------------------*/ *** INFORMATION ARCHITECTS***** *** CLEANING DEIDENTIFIED DATA clear import delimited "${raw}InformationArchitect_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) drop if status==1 tab distributionchannel drop if distributionchannel=="preview" tab finished keep if finished==1 sort newid quietly by newid: gen dup = cond(_N==1,0,_n) tab dup drop if dup!=0 drop if q_recaptchascore<.50 gen attentionpassed=. replace attentionpassed=1 if attention==3 replace attentionpassed=0 if attention==1 | attention==2 | attention==4 tab attentionpassed **92.11% passed the attention check (N=549) out of 602 who completed the attention check question drop if attentionpassed!=1 sort startdate gen id=_n+70000 ** condition replace condition="IA-Advisor" if condition=="DM-Advisor" replace condition="IA-Client" if condition=="DM-Client" **Gender gen female=. replace female=1 if gender==2 replace female=0 if gender==1 **Age destring age, replace gen choicebefore=0 replace choicebefore=1 if condition=="IA-Advisor" & choicedmadvisor==1 replace choicebefore=1 if condition=="IA-Client" & choicedmclient==1 ***Prosociality forval i=1(1)5{ recode alpha`i' (1=0) (2=1) } egen alphamiss=rowmiss(alpha1 alpha2 alpha3 alpha4) keep if alphamiss==0 reshape long alpha, i(id) j(number) sort id number g previouschoice=alpha[_n-1] if number>1 g steptob=(alpha-previouschoice) if number>1 bys id: egen sumsteptob=total(steptob) g alphavalue=0 if sumsteptob==0 & alpha==0 & number==5 /*always choosing X, no incentive*/ replace alphavalue=5 if sumsteptob==0 & alpha==1 & number==5 /*always choosing Y, incentive*/ replace alphavalue=number-1 if sumsteptob==1 & steptob==1 g inconsistentchoice=(steptob==-1) bys id: egen inconsistentid=total(inconsistentchoice) bys id: egen alphavaluefinal=total(alphavalue) replace alphavaluefinal=. if inconsistentid>0 cap drop alphavalue inconsistentchoice previouschoice steptob reshape wide alpha, i(id) j(number) gen study=9 sort choicebefore alphavaluefinal gen missingalpha=0 replace missingalpha=1 if alphavaluefinal==. sort missingalpha choicebefore gen id_pair=_n gen IAAdvisor=(condition=="IA-Advisor") gen IAClient=(condition=="IA-Client") drop newid save "${data}InformationArchitect.dta", replace *** ADVISORS***** *** CLEANING DEIDENTIFIED DATA clear import delimited "${raw}InformationArchitect_Advisor_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) drop if status==1 tab distributionchannel drop if distributionchannel=="preview" tab finished keep if finished==1 **Gender gen female=. replace female=1 if gender==2 replace female=0 if gender==1 **Age destring age, replace **Signal Blue gen signalblue=. replace signalblue=1 if fl_211_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=0 if fl_211_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=1 if fl_221_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=0 if fl_221_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=1 if fl_229_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=0 if fl_229_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=1 if fl_127_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=0 if fl_127_do=="Signal_red0" **Beliefs g beliefcorrect=0 replace beliefcorrect=1 if beliefbin==4 & signalblue==1 replace beliefcorrect=1 if beliefbin==8 & signalblue==0 *Recommendation g recommendb=(recommendationa==2 | recommendationb==2) *Conflict gen conflict=0 replace conflict=1 if condition=="AfterA" & signalblue==1 replace conflict=1 if condition=="AfterB" & signalblue==0 replace conflict=1 if condition=="BeforeA" & signalblue==1 replace conflict=1 if condition=="BeforeB" & signalblue==0 **gen id gen id_advisor=_n+75000 **Prosociality forval i=1(1)5{ recode alpha`i' (1=0) (2=1) } reshape long alpha, i(id_advisor) j(number) sort id_advisor number g previouschoice=alpha[_n-1] if number>1 g steptob=(alpha-previouschoice) if number>1 bys id_advisor: egen sumsteptob=total(steptob) *Alpha value final = number of times you go with the incentive to recommend Y g alphavalue=0 if sumsteptob==0 & alpha==0 & number==5 /*always choosing X, no incentive*/ replace alphavalue=5 if sumsteptob==0 & alpha==1 & number==5 /*always choosing Y, incentive*/ *Alpha value is the question number when the steptob is 1 for those who switch replace alphavalue=number-1 if sumsteptob==1 & steptob==1 g inconsistentchoice=(steptob==-1) bys id_advisor: egen inconsistentid=total(inconsistentchoice) bys id_advisor: egen alphavaluefinal=total(alphavalue) replace alphavaluefinal=. if inconsistentid>0 cap drop alphavalue inconsistentchoice previouschoice steptob reshape wide alpha, i(id_advisor) j(number) gen study=9 tab conflict *Recommend incentive gen recommendincentive=0 replace recommendincentive=1 if (condition=="AfterA" | condition=="BeforeA" ) & recommendb==0 replace recommendincentive=1 if (condition=="AfterB" | condition=="BeforeB" ) & recommendb==1 gen treatment=0 replace treatment =1 if condition=="BeforeA" | condition=="BeforeB" replace treatment =2 if condition=="AfterA" | condition=="AfterB" gen incentiveforA=. replace incentiveforA=1 if (condition=="AfterA" | condition=="BeforeA" ) replace incentiveforA=0 if (condition=="AfterB" | condition=="BeforeB" ) gen incentiveB=1-incentiveforA drop newid save "${data}InformationArchitect_advisors.dta", replace ******* APPENDIX ********* /*-------------------------------*/ *NO CHOICE - TOGETHER for APPENDIX /*-------------------------------*/ clear import delimited "${raw}NoChoiceSimoultaneous_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) drop if status==1 *drop if workerid=="" tab distributionchannel drop if distributionchannel=="preview" tab finished keep if finished==1 sort newid quietly by newid: gen dup = cond(_N==1,0,_n) tab dup drop if dup!=0 rename q32 attention g attentionpassed=attention==3 keep if attentionpassed==1 tab q_recaptchascore drop if q_recaptchascore<.5 sort startdate gen id=_n + 80000 *Beliefs g beliefbin=q45 g beliefnum=q43 **Gender gen female=. replace female=1 if gender==2 replace female=0 if gender==1 gen treatment=0 replace treatment =1 if condition=="BeforeA" | condition=="BeforeB" replace treatment =2 if condition=="AfterA" | condition=="AfterB" replace treatment =3 if condition=="TogetherA" | condition=="TogetherB" g recommendb=(recommendationa==2 | recommendationb==2) gen signalblue=. replace signalblue=1 if fl_259_do=="All-Signalblue-incentiveA" replace signalblue=0 if fl_259_do=="All-Signalred-incentiveA" replace signalblue=0 if fl_268_do=="All-Signalred-incentiveB" replace signalblue=1 if fl_268_do=="All-Signalblue-incentiveB" replace signalblue=1 if fl_211_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=0 if fl_211_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=1 if fl_221_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=0 if fl_221_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=1 if fl_229_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=0 if fl_229_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=1 if fl_127_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=0 if fl_127_do=="Signal_red0" gen conflict=0 replace conflict=1 if cond=="AfterA" & signalblue==1 replace conflict=1 if cond=="AfterB" & signalblue==0 replace conflict=1 if cond=="BeforeA" & signalblue==1 replace conflict=1 if cond=="BeforeB" & signalblue==0 replace conflict=1 if cond=="TogetherA" & signalblue==1 replace conflict=1 if cond=="TogetherB" & signalblue==0 tab conflict gen recommendincentive=0 replace recommendincentive=1 if (cond=="AfterA" | cond=="BeforeA" | cond=="TogetherA") & recommendb==0 replace recommendincentive=1 if (cond=="AfterB" | cond=="BeforeB" | cond=="TogetherB") & recommendb==1 gen incentiveforA=. replace incentiveforA=1 if (cond=="AfterA" | cond=="BeforeA" | cond=="TogetherA") replace incentiveforA=0 if (cond=="AfterB" | cond=="BeforeB" | cond=="TogetherB") gen incentiveB=1-incentiveforA *Prosociality forval i=2(1)5{ recode q8`i' (1=0) (2=1) } rename q82 alpha1 rename q83 alpha2 rename q84 alpha3 rename q85 alpha4 rename q176 alpha5 recode alpha5 (1=0) (2=1) egen alphamiss=rowmiss(alpha1 alpha2 alpha3 alpha4) tab alphamiss *alpha1-5 equal 1 is recommend the incentivized option *RESTRICTING RESPONDENTS TO THOSE WITH COMPLETE ALPHA CHOICES keep if alphamiss==0 *Prosociality switch reshape long alpha, i(id) j(number) sort id number g previouschoice=alpha[_n-1] if number>1 g steptob=(alpha-previouschoice) if number>1 bys id: egen sumsteptob=total(steptob) *Alpha value final = number of times you go with the incentive to recommend Y g alphavalue=0 if sumsteptob==0 & alpha==0 & number==5 /*always choosing X, no incentive*/ replace alphavalue=5 if sumsteptob==0 & alpha==1 & number==5 /*always choosing Y, incentive*/ *Alpha value is the question number when the steptob is 1 for those who switch replace alphavalue=number-1 if sumsteptob==1 & steptob==1 g inconsistentchoice=(steptob==-1) bys id: egen inconsistentid=total(inconsistentchoice) bys id: egen alphavaluefinal=total(alphavalue) replace alphavaluefinal=. if inconsistentid>0 tab alphavaluefinal, m cap drop alphavalue inconsistentchoice previouschoice steptob reshape wide alpha, i(id) j(number) *alpha tab alphavaluefinal if treatment!=., m gen seeincentivefirst=(treatment==1) gen Together=(treatment==3) gen noconflict=1-conflict gen wave=2 gen missingalpha=(alphavaluefinal==.) drop responseid newid shortid save "${data}NoChoiceSimoultaneous.dta", replace /*-------------------------------*/ *CHOICE DETERMINISTIC /*-------------------------------*/ clear import delimited "${raw}ChoiceDeterministic_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) drop if status==1 tab distributionchannel drop if distributionchannel=="preview" tab finished keep if finished==1 sort newid quietly by newid: gen dup = cond(_N==1,0,_n) tab dup drop if dup!=0 drop if q_recaptchascore<.50 g id=_n + 90000 tab attention, m g attentionpassed=attention==3 tab attentionpassed **78.89% passed the attention check (N=953) out of 1200 who completed the attention check question and were not excluded according to the criteria above drop if attentionpassed!=1 tab belief replace belief=belief*100 if belief<1 ***Gen recommendB and recommenda dummies g recommendb=. replace recommendb=1 if recommendationb==2 replace recommendb=0 if recommendationb==1 replace recommendb=1 if recommendationa==2 replace recommendb=0 if recommendationa==1 g recommenda=1-recommendb ***gen IncentiveB g incentiveB=. replace incentiveB=1 if commission=="commissionB" replace incentiveB=0 if commission=="commissionA" g incentiveA=. replace incentiveA=1 if commission=="commissionA" replace incentiveA=0 if commission=="commissionB" *GET by treatment g getafter=(getbefore=="GetAfter") cap drop getbefore g getbefore=1-getafter **gen bluesignal dummy g signalblue=. replace signalblue=1 if fl_528_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_1034_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_555_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_1047_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_629_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_642_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_1060_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=1 if fl_1073_do=="Signal_blue2" replace signalblue=0 if fl_528_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_555_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_1047_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_1034_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_629_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_642_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_1060_do=="Signal_red0" replace signalblue=0 if fl_1073_do=="Signal_red0" drop if signalblue==. g conflict=. replace conflict=1 if signalblue==0 & commission=="commissionB" replace conflict=0 if signalblue==1 & commission=="commissionB" replace conflict=1 if signalblue==1 & commission=="commissionA" replace conflict=0 if signalblue==0 & commission=="commissionA" tab commission g recommendincentive=recommendb if commission=="commissionB" replace recommendincentive=recommenda if commission=="commissionA" gen choicebefore=. replace choicebefore=1 if choicefree==1 replace choicebefore=0 if choicefree==2 **Gender gen female=. replace female=1 if gender==2 replace female=0 if gender==1 ***Prosociality forval i=1(1)5{ recode alpha`i' (1=0) (2=1) } egen alphamiss=rowmiss(alpha1 alpha2 alpha3 alpha4) keep if alphamiss==0 g sample="MTurk" rename q211 explanationchoice gen costlydemand=0 reshape long alpha, i(id) j(number) sort id number g previouschoice=alpha[_n-1] if number>1 g steptob=(alpha-previouschoice) if number>1 bys id: egen sumsteptob=total(steptob) *Alpha value final = number of times you go with the incentive to recommend Y g alphavalue=0 if sumsteptob==0 & alpha==0 & number==5 /*always choosing X, no incentive*/ replace alphavalue=5 if sumsteptob==0 & alpha==1 & number==5 /*always choosing Y, incentive*/ *Alpha value is the question number when the steptob is 1 for those who switch replace alphavalue=number-1 if sumsteptob==1 & steptob==1 g inconsistentchoice=(steptob==-1) bys id: egen inconsistentid=total(inconsistentchoice) bys id: egen alphavaluefinal=total(alphavalue) replace alphavaluefinal=. if inconsistentid>0 tab alphavaluefinal, m cap drop alphavalue inconsistentchoice previouschoice steptob reshape wide alpha, i(id) j(number) *Average alpha tab alphavaluefinal, m gen Deterministic=(condition=="ChoiceFree_Deterministic") egen stdalpha=std(alphavaluefinal) * prepare data for regressions g getbefore_Deterministic=getbefore*Deterministic label var getbefore_Deterministic "Get Before X Deterministic" gen Not_getyourchoice=0 replace Not_getyourchoice=1 if choicebefore==1 & getbefore==0 replace Not_getyourchoice=1 if choicebefore==0 & getbefore==1 gen getyourchoice=1-Not_getyourchoice gen choicebefore_Notgetyourchoice=choicebefore*Not_getyourchoice gen noconflict=1-conflict gen noconflict_choicebefore=noconflict*choicebefore gen noconflict_Notgetyourchoice=noconflict*Not_getyourchoice gen choicebefore_Deterministic=choicebefore*Deterministic gen choicebefore_getyourchoiceDet=choicebefore*getyourchoice*Deterministic gen choicebefore_noconflict=choicebefore*noconflict gen Deterministic_noconflict=Deterministic*noconflict gen Deterministic_choicebeforeNocon=Deterministic*noconflict*choicebefore label var getyourchoice "Random Assignment to Preferred Order" label var choicebefore_getyourchoice "Prefer to See Incentive First X Random Assignment" gen getyourchoice_Det=getyourchoice*Deterministic drop responseid newid shortid dup drop fl_728_do fl_17_do fl_481_do fl_523_do fl_528_do fl_1034_do fl_548_do fl_555_do fl_1047_do fl_563_do fl_657_do fl_629_do fl_1060_do fl_656_do fl_642_do fl_1073_do save "${data}Choice_Deterministic.dta", replace /*-------------------------------*/ *PREDICTIONS /*-------------------------------*/ clear import excel "${raw}predictions_explanations_coded_deidentified.xlsx", firstrow save "${data}predictions_explanations_coded.dta", replace clear import excel "${raw}predictions_deidentified.xlsx", firstrow drop if _n<3 drop if status==1 drop if q_relevantidduplicate==1 drop if q_relevantidfraudscore!=0 destring predictbeforered_es_1 predictafterred_es_1 predictbeforeblue_es_1 predictafterblue_es_1, force replace g predictbeforered1=predictbeforered_es_1 g predictafterred1=predictafterred_es_1 g predictbeforeblue1=predictbeforeblue_es_1 g predictafterblue1=predictafterblue_es_1 g gapred=predictbeforered1-58 if predictbeforered1!=. replace gapred=68-predictafterred1 if predictafterred1!=. g gapblue=predictbeforeblue1-75 if predictbeforeblue1!=. replace gapblue=86-predictafterblue1 if predictafterblue1!=. g gap=gapred if gapred!=. replace gap=gapblue if gapblue!=. g choice="Predictions" tab gap drop if gap==. merge 1:1 shortid using "${data}predictions_explanations_coded.dta" g attentivenum=attentive=="YES" tab attentivenum keep if attentivenum==1 tab gender destring age, force replace tabstat age replace gap=gap/100 replace gapred=gapred/100 replace gapblue=gapblue/100 egen meangap=mean(gap) egen sdgap=sd(gap) egen ngap=count(gap) g logap = meangap - sdgap/(sqrt(ngap)) g higap = meangap + sdgap/(sqrt(ngap)) g predicteddirection=predictafterred if predictafterred!=. replace predicteddirection=predictbeforered if predictbeforered!=. replace predicteddirection=predictafterblue if predictafterblue!=. replace predicteddirection=predictbeforeblue if predictbeforeblue!=. g before=1 if predictbeforered!=. | predictbeforeblue!=. replace before=0 if predictafterred!=. | predictafterblue!=. g predictcorrect=1 if (predicteddirection==1 & before==0) | (predicteddirection==3 & before==1) replace predictcorrect=0 if (predicteddirection==2 & before==0) | (predicteddirection==2 & before==1) replace predictcorrect=-1 if (predicteddirection==3 & before==0) | (predicteddirection==1 & before==1) drop _merge responseid save "${data}predictionsstudy.dta", replace /*-------------------------------*/ *CLIENTS /*-------------------------------*/ *** NOCHOICE, CHOICE AND STAKES EXPERIMENTS - MAIN clear import delimited using "${raw}Clients/Clients_Main_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) gen follow=. replace follow=1 if client_choiceb==1 & advisor_recommendb==1 replace follow=1 if client_choiceb==0 & advisor_recommendb==0 replace follow=0 if client_choiceb==0 & advisor_recommendb==1 replace follow=0 if client_choiceb==1 & advisor_recommendb==0 save "${data}Clients_Main.dta", replace *** CLIENTS ** NOCHOICE, CHOICE AND STAKES EXPERIMENTS - MPL clear import delimited using "${raw}Clients/Clients_MPL_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) gen follow=. replace follow=1 if advisor_recommends_producty==1 & client_choicey==1 replace follow=1 if advisor_recommends_producty==0 & client_choicey==0 replace follow=0 if advisor_recommends_producty==0 & client_choicey==1 replace follow=0 if advisor_recommends_producty==1 & client_choicey==0 save "${data}Clients_MPL.dta", replace *** CLIENTS ** NOCHOICE, CHOICE AND STAKES EXPERIMENTS - BLINDING clear import delimited using "${raw}Clients/Clients_Blinding_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) gen follow=. replace follow=1 if recommendation_infoavoidance==1 & choice1==1 replace follow=1 if recommendation_infoavoidance==0 & choice1==0 replace follow=0 if recommendation_infoavoidance==0 & choice1==1 replace follow=0 if recommendation_infoavoidance==1 & choice1==0 save "${data}Clients_Blinding.dta", replace *** CLIENTS ** INFORMATION ARCHITECTS - MAIN clear import delimited using "${raw}Clients/Clients_InfoArchitectsMain_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) gen follow=. replace follow=1 if client_choiceb==1 & advisor_recommendb==1 replace follow=1 if client_choiceb==0 & advisor_recommendb==0 replace follow=0 if client_choiceb==0 & advisor_recommendb==1 replace follow=0 if client_choiceb==1 & advisor_recommendb==0 save "${data}Clients_InfoArchitectsMain.dta", replace *** CLIENTS ** INFORMATION ARCHITECTS - MPL ADVISORS clear import delimited using "${raw}Clients/Clients_IAAdvisors_MPL_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) gen follow=. replace follow=1 if advisor_recommends_producty==1 & client_choicey==1 replace follow=1 if advisor_recommends_producty==0 & client_choicey==0 replace follow=0 if advisor_recommends_producty==0 & client_choicey==1 replace follow=0 if advisor_recommends_producty==1 & client_choicey==0 save "${data}Clients_IAAdvisors_MPL.dta", replace *** CLIENTS ** INFORMATION ARCHITECTS - MPL INFO ARCHITECTS clear import delimited using "${raw}Clients/Clients_IAInfoArchitects_MPL_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) gen follow=. replace follow=1 if advisor_recommends_producty==1 & client_choicey==1 replace follow=1 if advisor_recommends_producty==0 & client_choicey==0 replace follow=0 if advisor_recommends_producty==0 & client_choicey==1 replace follow=0 if advisor_recommends_producty==1 & client_choicey==0 save "${data}Clients_IAInfoArchitects_MPL.dta", replace *** CLIENTS ** NOCHOICE SIMULTANEOUS - MAIN clear import delimited using "${raw}Clients/Clients_NoChoiceSimultaneousMain_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) gen follow=. replace follow=1 if advisor_recommendb==1 & client_choiceb==1 replace follow=1 if advisor_recommendb==0 & client_choiceb==0 replace follow=0 if advisor_recommendb==0 & client_choiceb==1 replace follow=0 if advisor_recommendb==1 & client_choiceb==0 save "${data}Clients_NoChoiceSimultaneousMain.dta", replace *** CLIENTS ** NOCHOICE SIMULTANEOUS - MPL clear import delimited using "${raw}Clients/Clients_NoChoiceSimultaneousMPL_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) gen follow=. replace follow=1 if advisor_recommends_producty==1 & client_choicey==1 replace follow=1 if advisor_recommends_producty==0 & client_choicey==0 replace follow=0 if advisor_recommends_producty==0 & client_choicey==1 replace follow=0 if advisor_recommends_producty==1 & client_choicey==0 save "${data}Clients_NoChoiceSimultaneousMPL.dta", replace *** CLIENTS ** CHOICE DETERMINISTIC - MAIN clear import delimited using "${raw}Clients/Clients_ChoiceDeterministic_Main_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) gen follow=. replace follow=1 if advisor_recommendb==1 & client_choiceb==1 replace follow=1 if advisor_recommendb==0 & client_choiceb==0 replace follow=0 if advisor_recommendb==0 & client_choiceb==1 replace follow=0 if advisor_recommendb==1 & client_choiceb==0 save "${data}Clients_ChoiceDeterministic_Main.dta", replace *** CLIENTS ** CHOICE DETERMINISTIC - MPL clear import delimited using "${raw}Clients/Clients_ChoiceDeterministic_MPL_deidentified.csv", varnames(1) gen follow=. replace follow=1 if advisor_recommends_producty==1 & client_choicey==1 replace follow=1 if advisor_recommends_producty==0 & client_choicey==0 replace follow=0 if advisor_recommends_producty==0 & client_choicey==1 replace follow=0 if advisor_recommends_producty==1 & client_choicey==0 save "${data}Clients_ChoiceDeterministic_MPL.dta", replace *drop unnecessary files rm "${data}choice1.dta" rm "${data}choice2.dta" rm "${data}choice3.dta" rm "${data}professionals_prolific.dta" rm "${data}coding_explanations.dta"