| code,label,keyword_chain,footnote_id,footnote_text |
| 1,Constitutional Justice,Constitutional Justice,1.0,"This chapter – as the Systematic Thesaurus in general – should be used sparingly, as the keywords therein should only be used if a relevant procedural question is discussed by the Court. This chapter is therefore not used to establish statistical data; rather, the Bulletin reader or user of the CODICES database should only look for decisions in this chapter, the subject of which is also the keyword." |
| 1.1,Constitutional jurisdiction,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction,2.0,"Constitutional Court or equivalent body (constitutional tribunal or council, supreme court, etc.)." |
| 1.1.1,Statute and organisation,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Statute and organisation,, |
| 1.1.1.1,Sources,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Statute and organisation – Sources,, |
| 1.1.1.1.1,Constitution,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Statute and organisation – Sources – Constitution,, |
| 1.1.1.1.2,Institutional Acts,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Statute and organisation – Sources – Institutional Acts,, |
| 1.1.1.1.3,Other legislation,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Statute and organisation – Sources – Other legislation,, |
| 1.1.1.1.4,Rule issued by the executive,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Statute and organisation – Sources – Rule issued by the executive,, |
| 1.1.1.1.5,Rule adopted by the Court,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Statute and organisation – Sources – Rule adopted by the Court,3.0,"For example, rules of procedure." |
| 1.1.1.2,Independence,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Statute and organisation – Independence,, |
| 1.1.1.2.1,Statutory independence,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Statute and organisation – Independence – Statutory independence,, |
| 1.1.1.2.2,Administrative independence,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Statute and organisation – Independence – Administrative independence,, |
| 1.1.1.2.3,Financial independence,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Statute and organisation – Independence – Financial independence,, |
| 1.1.2,"Composition, recruitment and structure","Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Composition, recruitment and structure",, |
| 1.1.2.1,Necessary qualifications,"Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Composition, recruitment and structure – Necessary qualifications",4.0,"For example, age, education, experience, seniority, moral character, citizenship." |
| 1.1.2.2,Number of members,"Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Composition, recruitment and structure – Number of members",, |
| 1.1.2.3,Appointing authority,"Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Composition, recruitment and structure – Appointing authority",, |
| 1.1.2.4,Appointment of members,"Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Composition, recruitment and structure – Appointment of members",5.0,"Including the conditions and manner of such appointment (election, nomination, etc.)." |
| 1.1.2.5,Appointment of the President,"Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Composition, recruitment and structure – Appointment of the President",6.0,"Including the conditions and manner of such appointment (election, nomination, etc.)." |
| 1.1.2.6,Functions of the President / Vice-President,"Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Composition, recruitment and structure – Functions of the President / Vice-President",, |
| 1.1.2.7,Subdivision into chambers or sections,"Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Composition, recruitment and structure – Subdivision into chambers or sections",, |
| 1.1.2.8,Relative position of members,"Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Composition, recruitment and structure – Relative position of members",7.0,"Vice-presidents, presidents of chambers or of sections, etc." |
| 1.1.2.9,Persons responsible for preparing cases for hearing,"Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Composition, recruitment and structure – Persons responsible for preparing cases for hearing",8.0,"For example, State Counsel, prosecutors, etc." |
| 1.1.2.10,Staff,"Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Composition, recruitment and structure – Staff",9.0,"(Deputy) Registrars, Secretaries General, legal advisers, assistants, researchers, etc " |
| 1.1.2.10.1,Functions of the Secretary General / Registrar,"Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Composition, recruitment and structure – Staff – Functions of the Secretary General / Registrar",, |
| 1.1.2.10.2,Legal Advisers,"Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Composition, recruitment and structure – Staff – Legal Advisers",, |
| 1.1.3,Status of the members of the court,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Status of the members of the court,, |
| 1.1.3.1,Term of office of Members,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Status of the members of the court – Term of office of Members,, |
| 1.1.3.2,Term of office of the President,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Status of the members of the court – Term of office of the President,, |
| 1.1.3.3,Privileges and immunities,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Status of the members of the court – Privileges and immunities,, |
| 1.1.3.4,Professional incompatibilities,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Status of the members of the court – Professional incompatibilities,, |
| 1.1.3.5,Disciplinary measures,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Status of the members of the court – Disciplinary measures,, |
| 1.1.3.6,Irremovability,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Status of the members of the court – Irremovability,, |
| 1.1.3.7,Remuneration,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Status of the members of the court – Remuneration,, |
| 1.1.3.8,Non-disciplinary suspension of functions,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Status of the members of the court – Non-disciplinary suspension of functions,, |
| 1.1.3.9,End of office,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Status of the members of the court – End of office,, |
| 1.1.3.10,Members having a particular status,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Status of the members of the court – Members having a particular status,10.0,"For example, assessors, office members." |
| 1.1.3.11,Status of staff,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Status of the members of the court – Status of staff,11.0,"(Deputy) Registrars, Secretaries General, legal advisers, assistants, researchers, etc." |
| 1.1.4,Relations with other institutions,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Relations with other institutions,, |
| 1.1.4.1,Head of State,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Relations with other institutions – Head of State,12.0,Including questions on the interim exercise of the functions of the Head of State. |
| 1.1.4.2,Legislative bodies,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Relations with other institutions – Legislative bodies,, |
| 1.1.4.3,Executive bodies,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Relations with other institutions – Executive bodies,, |
| 1.1.4.4,Courts,Constitutional Justice – Constitutional jurisdiction – Relations with other institutions – Courts,, |
| 1.2,Types of claim,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim,, |
| 1.2.1,Claim by a public body,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a public body,, |
| 1.2.1.1,Head of State,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a public body – Head of State,, |
| 1.2.1.2,Legislative bodies,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a public body – Legislative bodies,, |
| 1.2.1.3,Executive bodies,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a public body – Executive bodies,, |
| 1.2.1.4,Organs of federated or regional authorities,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a public body – Organs of federated or regional authorities,, |
| 1.2.1.5,Organs of sectoral decentralisation,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a public body – Organs of sectoral decentralisation,, |
| 1.2.1.6,Local self-government body,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a public body – Local self-government body,, |
| 1.2.1.7,Public Prosecutor or Attorney-General,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a public body – Public Prosecutor or Attorney-General,, |
| 1.2.1.8,Ombudsman,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a public body – Ombudsman,, |
| 1.2.1.9,Member states of the European Union,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a public body – Member states of the European Union,, |
| 1.2.1.10,Institutions of the European Union,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a public body – Institutions of the European Union,, |
| 1.2.1.11,Religious authorities,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a public body – Religious authorities,, |
| 1.2.2,Claim by a private body or individual,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a private body or individual,, |
| 1.2.2.1,Natural person,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a private body or individual – Natural person,, |
| 1.2.2.2,Non-profit-making corporate body,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a private body or individual – Non-profit-making corporate body,, |
| 1.2.2.3,Profit-making corporate body,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a private body or individual – Profit-making corporate body,, |
| 1.2.2.4,Political parties,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a private body or individual – Political parties,, |
| 1.2.2.5,Trade unions,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Claim by a private body or individual – Trade unions,, |
| 1.2.3,Referral by a court,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Referral by a court,13.0,Referrals of preliminary questions in particular. |
| 1.2.4,Initiation ex officio by the body of constitutional jurisdiction,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Initiation ex officio by the body of constitutional jurisdiction,, |
| 1.2.5,Obligatory review,Constitutional Justice – Types of claim – Obligatory review,14.0,Enactment required by law to be reviewed by the Court. |
| 1.3,Jurisdiction,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction,, |
| 1.3.1,Scope of review,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Scope of review,, |
| 1.3.1.1, Extension, Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Scope of review – Extension,15.0,Review ultra petita. |
| 1.3.2,Type of review,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Type of review,, |
| 1.3.2.1,Preliminary / ex post facto review,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Type of review – Preliminary / ex post facto review,, |
| 1.3.2.2,Abstract / concrete review,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Type of review – Abstract / concrete review,, |
| 1.3.3,Advisory powers,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Advisory powers,, |
| 1.3.4,Types of litigation,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation,, |
| 1.3.4.1,Litigation in respect of fundamental rights and freedoms,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Litigation in respect of fundamental rights and freedoms,, |
| 1.3.4.2,Distribution of powers between State authorities,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Distribution of powers between State authorities,16.0,Horizontal distribution of powers. |
| 1.3.4.3,Distribution of powers between central government and federal or regional entities,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Distribution of powers between central government and federal or regional entities,17.0,"Vertical distribution of powers, particularly in respect of states of a federal or regionalised nature." |
| 1.3.4.4,Powers of local authorities,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Powers of local authorities,18.0,"Decentralised authorities (municipalities, provinces, etc.)." |
| 1.3.4.5,Electoral disputes,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Electoral disputes,19.0,"For questions other than jurisdiction, see 4.9." |
| 1.3.4.6,Litigation in respect of referendums and other instruments of direct democracy,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Litigation in respect of referendums and other instruments of direct democracy,20.0,"Including other consultations. For questions other than jurisdiction, see 4.9." |
| 1.3.4.6.1,Admissibility,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Litigation in respect of referendums and other instruments of direct – Admissibility,, |
| 1.3.4.6.2,Other litigation,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Litigation in respect of referendums and other instruments of direct – Other litigation,, |
| 1.3.4.7,Restrictive proceedings,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Restrictive proceedings,, |
| 1.3.4.7.1,Banning of political parties,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Restrictive proceedings – Banning of political parties,, |
| 1.3.4.7.2,Withdrawal of civil rights,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Restrictive proceedings – Withdrawal of civil rights,, |
| 1.3.4.7.3,Removal from parliamentary office,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Restrictive proceedings – Removal from parliamentary office,, |
| 1.3.4.7.4,Impeachment,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Restrictive proceedings – Impeachment,, |
| 1.3.4.8,Litigation in respect of jurisdictional conflict,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Litigation in respect of jurisdictional conflict,, |
| 1.3.4.9,Litigation in respect of the formal validity of enactments,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Litigation in respect of the formal validity of enactments,21.0,"Examination of procedural and formal aspects of laws and regulations, particularly in respect of the composition of parliaments, the validity of votes, the competence of law-making authorities, etc. (questions relating to the distribution of powers as between the State and federal or regional entities are the subject of another keyword 1.3.4.3)." |
| 1.3.4.10,Litigation in respect of the constitutionality of enactments,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Litigation in respect of the constitutionality of enactments,, |
| 1.3.4.10.1,Limits of the legislative competence,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Litigation in respect of the constitutionality of enactments – Limits of the legislative competence,, |
| 1.3.4.11,Litigation in respect of constitutional revision,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Litigation in respect of constitutional revision,, |
| 1.3.4.12,Conflict of laws,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Conflict of laws,22.0,As understood in private international law. |
| 1.3.4.13,Universally binding interpretation of laws,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Universally binding interpretation of laws,, |
| 1.3.4.14,Distribution of powers between the EU and member states,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Distribution of powers between the EU and member states,, |
| 1.3.4.15,Distribution of powers between institutions of the EU,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – Types of litigation – Distribution of powers between institutions of the EU,, |
| 1.3.5,The subject of review,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review,, |
| 1.3.5.1,International treaties,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – International treaties,, |
| 1.3.5.2,Law of the European Union/EU Law,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Law of the European Union/EU Law,, |
| 1.3.5.3,Constitution,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Constitution,23.0,As understood in private international law. |
| 1.3.5.2.1,Primary legislation,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Law of the European Union/EU Law – Primary legislation,, |
| 1.3.5.2.2,Secondary legislation,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Law of the European Union/EU Law – Secondary legislation,, |
| 1.3.5.4,Quasi-constitutional legislation,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Quasi-constitutional legislation,24.0,"For example, organic laws." |
| 1.3.5.5,Laws and other rules having the force of law,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Laws and other rules having the force of law,, |
| 1.3.5.5.1,Laws and other rules in force before the entry into force of the Constitution,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Laws and other rules having the force of law – Laws and other rules in force before the entry into force of the Constitution,, |
| 1.3.5.6,Decrees of the Head of State,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Decrees of the Head of State,, |
| 1.3.5.7,Quasi-legislative regulations,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Quasi-legislative regulations,, |
| 1.3.5.8,Rules issued by federal or regional entities,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Rules issued by federal or regional entities,, |
| 1.3.5.9,Parliamentary rules,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Parliamentary rules,, |
| 1.3.5.10,Rules issued by the executive,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Rules issued by the executive,, |
| 1.3.5.11,Acts issued by decentralised bodies,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Acts issued by decentralised bodies,, |
| 1.3.5.11.1,Territorial decentralisation,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Acts issued by decentralised bodies – Territorial decentralisation,25.0,"Local authorities, municipalities, provinces, departments, etc." |
| 1.3.5.11.2,Sectoral decentralisation,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Acts issued by decentralised bodies – Sectoral decentralisation,26.0,Or: functional decentralisation (public bodies exercising delegated powers). |
| 1.3.5.12,Court decisions,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Court decisions,, |
| 1.3.5.13,Administrative acts,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Administrative acts,, |
| 1.3.5.14,Government acts,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Government acts,27.0,Political questions. |
| 1.3.5.15,Failure to act or to pass legislation,Constitutional Justice – Jurisdiction – The subject of review – Failure to act or to pass legislation,28.0,Unconstitutionality by omission. |
| 1.4,Procedure,Constitutional Justice – Procedure,, |
| 1.4.1,General characteristics,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – General characteristics,29.0,"Including language issues relating to procedure, deliberations, decisions, etc." |
| 1.4.2,Summary procedure,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Summary procedure,, |
| 1.4.3,Time-limits for instituting proceedings,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Time-limits for instituting proceedings,, |
| 1.4.3.1,Ordinary time-limit,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Time-limits for instituting proceedings – Ordinary time-limit,, |
| 1.4.3.2,Special time-limits,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Time-limits for instituting proceedings – Special time-limits,, |
| 1.4.3.3,Leave to appeal out of time,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Time-limits for instituting proceedings – Leave to appeal out of time,, |
| 1.4.4,Exhaustion of remedies,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Exhaustion of remedies,, |
| 1.4.4.1,Obligation to raise constitutional issues before ordinary courts,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Exhaustion of remedies – Obligation to raise constitutional issues before ordinary courts,, |
| 1.4.5,Originating document,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Originating document,, |
| 1.4.5.1,Decision to act,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Originating document – Decision to act,30.0,"For the withdrawal of proceedings, see also 1.4.10.4." |
| 1.4.5.2,Signature,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Originating document – Signature,, |
| 1.4.5.3,Formal requirements,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Originating document – Formal requirements,, |
| 1.4.5.4,Annexes,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Originating document – Annexes,, |
| 1.4.5.5,Service,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Originating document – Service,, |
| 1.4.6,Grounds,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Grounds,, |
| 1.4.6.1,Time-limits,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Grounds – Time-limits,, |
| 1.4.6.2,Form,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Grounds – Form,, |
| 1.4.6.3,Ex-officio grounds,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Grounds – Ex-officio grounds,, |
| 1.4.7,Documents lodged by the parties,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Documents lodged by the parties,31.0,"Pleadings, final submissions, notes, etc." |
| 1.4.7.1,Time-limits,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Documents lodged by the parties – Time-limits,, |
| 1.4.7.2,Decision to lodge the document,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Documents lodged by the parties – Decision to lodge the document,, |
| 1.4.7.3,Signature,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Documents lodged by the parties – Signature,, |
| 1.4.7.4,Formal requirements,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Documents lodged by the parties – Formal requirements,, |
| 1.4.7.5,Annexes,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Documents lodged by the parties – Annexes,, |
| 1.4.7.6,Service,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Documents lodged by the parties – Service,, |
| 1.4.8,Preparation of the case for trial,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Preparation of the case for trial,, |
| 1.4.8.1,Registration,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Preparation of the case for trial – Registration,, |
| 1.4.8.2,Notifications and publication,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Preparation of the case for trial – Notifications and publication,, |
| 1.4.8.3,Time-limits,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Preparation of the case for trial – Time-limits,, |
| 1.4.8.4,Preliminary proceedings,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Preparation of the case for trial – Preliminary proceedings,, |
| 1.4.8.5,Opinions,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Preparation of the case for trial – Opinions,, |
| 1.4.8.6,Reports,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Preparation of the case for trial – Reports,, |
| 1.4.8.7,Evidence,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Preparation of the case for trial – Evidence,, |
| 1.4.8.7.1,Inquiries into the facts by the Court,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Preparation of the case for trial – Evidence – Inquiries into the facts by the Court,, |
| 1.4.8.8,Decision that preparation is complete,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Preparation of the case for trial – Decision that preparation is complete,, |
| 1.4.9,Parties,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Parties,, |
| 1.4.9.1,Locus standi,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Parties – Locus standi,32.0,May be used in combination with Chapter 1.2. Types of claim. |
| 1.4.9.2,Interest,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Parties – Interest,, |
| 1.4.9.3,Representation,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Parties – Representation,, |
| 1.4.9.3.1,The Bar,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Parties – Representation – The Bar,, |
| 1.4.9.3.2,Legal representation other than the Bar,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Parties – Representation – Legal representation other than the Bar,, |
| 1.4.9.3.3,Representation by persons other than lawyers or jurists,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Parties – Representation – Representation by persons other than lawyers or jurists,, |
| 1.4.9.4,Persons or entities authorised to intervene in proceedings,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Parties – Persons or entities authorised to intervene in proceedings,, |
| 1.4.10,Interlocutory proceedings,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Interlocutory proceedings,, |
| 1.4.10.1,Intervention,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Interlocutory proceedings – Intervention,, |
| 1.4.10.2,Plea of forgery,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Interlocutory proceedings – Plea of forgery,, |
| 1.4.10.3,Resumption of proceedings after interruption,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Interlocutory proceedings – Resumption of proceedings after interruption,, |
| 1.4.10.4,Discontinuance of proceedings,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Interlocutory proceedings – Discontinuance of proceedings,33.0,"For the withdrawal of the originating document, see also 1.4.5." |
| 1.4.10.5,Joinder of similar cases,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Interlocutory proceedings – Joinder of similar cases,, |
| 1.4.10.6,Challenging of a judge,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Interlocutory proceedings – Challenging of a judge,, |
| 1.4.10.6.1,Automatic disqualification,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Interlocutory proceedings – Challenging of a judge – Automatic disqualification,, |
| 1.4.10.6.2,Challenge at the instance of a party,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Interlocutory proceedings – Challenging of a judge – Challenge at the instance of a party,, |
| 1.4.10.7,Request for a preliminary ruling by the Court of Justice of the EU,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Interlocutory proceedings – Request for a preliminary ruling by the Court of Justice of the EU,, |
| 1.4.11,Hearing,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Hearing,, |
| 1.4.11.1,Composition of the bench,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Hearing – Composition of the bench,, |
| 1.4.11.2,Procedure,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Hearing – Procedure,, |
| 1.4.11.3,In public / in camera,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Hearing – In public / in camera,, |
| 1.4.11.4,Report,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Hearing – Report,, |
| 1.4.11.5,Opinion,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Hearing – Opinion,, |
| 1.4.11.6,Address by the parties,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Hearing – Address by the parties,, |
| 1.4.12,Special procedures,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Special procedures,, |
| 1.4.13,Re-opening of hearing,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Re-opening of hearing,, |
| 1.4.14,Costs,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Costs,34.0,"Comprises court fees, postage costs, advance of expenses and lawyers' fees." |
| 1.4.14.1,Waiver of court fees,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Costs – Waiver of court fees,, |
| 1.4.14.2,Legal aid or assistance,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Costs – Legal aid or assistance,, |
| 1.4.14.3,Party costs,Constitutional Justice – Procedure – Costs – Party costs,, |
| 1.5,Decisions,Constitutional Justice – Decisions,, |
| 1.5.1,Deliberation,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Deliberation,, |
| 1.5.1.1,Composition of the bench,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Deliberation – Composition of the bench,, |
| 1.5.1.2,Chair,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Deliberation – Chair,, |
| 1.5.1.3,Procedure,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Deliberation – Procedure,, |
| 1.5.1.3.1,Quorum,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Deliberation – Procedure – Quorum,, |
| 1.5.1.3.2,Vote,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Deliberation – Procedure – Vote,, |
| 1.5.2,Reasoning,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Reasoning,, |
| 1.5.3,Form,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Form,, |
| 1.5.4,Types,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Types,, |
| 1.5.4.1,Procedural decisions,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Types – Procedural decisions,, |
| 1.5.4.2,Opinion,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Types – Opinion,, |
| 1.5.4.3,Finding of constitutionality or unconstitutionality,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Types – Finding of constitutionality or unconstitutionality,35.0,"For questions of constitutionality dependent on a specified interpretation, use 2.3.2." |
| 1.5.4.4,Annulment,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Types – Annulment,, |
| 1.5.4.4.1,Consequential annulment,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Types – Annulment – Consequential annulment,, |
| 1.5.4.5,Suspension,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Types – Suspension,, |
| 1.5.4.6,Modification,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Types – Modification,, |
| 1.5.4.7,Interim measures,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Types – Interim measures,, |
| 1.5.5,Individual opinions of members,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Individual opinions of members,, |
| 1.5.5.1,Concurring opinions,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Individual opinions of members – Concurring opinions,, |
| 1.5.5.2,Dissenting opinions,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Individual opinions of members – Dissenting opinions,, |
| 1.5.6,Delivery and publication,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Delivery and publication,, |
| 1.5.6.1,Delivery,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Delivery and publication – Delivery,, |
| 1.5.6.2,Time limit,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Delivery and publication – Time limit,, |
| 1.5.6.3,Publication,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Delivery and publication – Publication,, |
| 1.5.6.3.1,Publication in the official journal/gazette,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Delivery and publication – Publication – Publication in the official journal/gazette,, |
| 1.5.6.3.2,Publication in an official collection,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Delivery and publication – Publication – Publication in an official collection,, |
| 1.5.6.3.3,Private publication,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Delivery and publication – Publication – Private publication,, |
| 1.5.6.4,Press,Constitutional Justice – Decisions – Delivery and publication – Press,, |
| 1.6,Effects,Constitutional Justice – Effects,, |
| 1.6.1,Scope,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Scope,, |
| 1.6.2,Determination of effects by the court,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Determination of effects by the court,, |
| 1.6.3,Effect erga omnes,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Effect erga omnes,, |
| 1.6.3.1,Stare decisis,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Effect erga omnes – Stare decisis,, |
| 1.6.4,Effect inter partes,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Effect inter partes,, |
| 1.6.5,Temporal effect,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Temporal effect,, |
| 1.6.5.1,Entry into force of decision,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Temporal effect – Entry into force of decision,, |
| 1.6.5.2,Retrospective effect (ex tunc),Constitutional Justice – Effects – Temporal effect – Retrospective effect (ex tunc),, |
| 1.6.5.3,Limitation on retrospective effect,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Temporal effect – Limitation on retrospective effect,, |
| 1.6.5.4,Ex nunc effect,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Temporal effect – Ex nunc effect,, |
| 1.6.5.5,Postponement of temporal effect,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Temporal effect – Postponement of temporal effect,, |
| 1.6.6,Execution,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Execution,, |
| 1.6.6.1,Body responsible for supervising execution,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Execution – Body responsible for supervising execution,, |
| 1.6.6.2,Penalty payment,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Execution – Penalty payment,, |
| 1.6.7,Influence on State organs,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Influence on State organs,, |
| 1.6.8,Influence on everyday life,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Influence on everyday life,, |
| 1.6.9,Consequences for other cases,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Consequences for other cases,, |
| 1.6.9.1,Ongoing cases,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Consequences for other cases – Ongoing cases,, |
| 1.6.9.2,Decided cases,Constitutional Justice – Effects – Consequences for other cases – Decided cases,, |
| 2,Sources,Sources,, |
| 2.1,Categories,Sources – Categories,36.0,Only for issues concerning applicability and not simple application. |
| 2.1.1,Written rules,Sources – Categories – Written rules,, |
| 2.1.1.1,National rules,Sources – Categories – Written rules – National rules,, |
| 2.1.1.1.1,Constitution,Sources – Categories – Written rules – National rules – Constitution,, |
| 2.1.1.1.2,Quasi-constitutional enactments,Sources – Categories – Written rules – National rules – Quasi-constitutional enactments,37.0,"This keyword allows for the inclusion of enactments and principles arising from a separate constitutional chapter elaborated with reference to the original Constitution (declarations of rights, basic charters, etc.)." |
| 2.1.1.2,National rules from other countries,Sources – Categories – Written rules – National rules from other countries,, |
| 2.1.1.3,Law of the European Union/EU Law,Sources – Categories – Written rules – Law of the European Union/EU Law,, |
| 2.1.1.4,International instruments,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments,, |
| 2.1.1.4.1,United Nations Charter of 1945,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – United Nations Charter of 1945,, |
| 2.1.1.4.2,Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948,, |
| 2.1.1.4.3,Geneva Conventions of 1949,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – Geneva Conventions of 1949,, |
| 2.1.1.4.4,European Convention on Human Rights of 1950,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – European Convention on Human Rights of 1950,38.0,Including its Protocols. |
| 2.1.1.4.5,Geneva Convention on the Status of Refugees of 1951,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – Geneva Convention on the Status of Refugees of 1951,, |
| 2.1.1.4.6,European Social Charter of 1961,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – European Social Charter of 1961,, |
| 2.1.1.4.7,International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination of 1965,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination of 1965,, |
| 2.1.1.4.8,International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of 1966,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of 1966,, |
| 2.1.1.4.9,"International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of 1966","Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of 1966",, |
| 2.1.1.4.10,Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969,, |
| 2.1.1.4.11,American Convention on Human Rights of 1969,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – American Convention on Human Rights of 1969,, |
| 2.1.1.4.12,Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women of 1979,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women of 1979,, |
| 2.1.1.4.13,African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights of 1981,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights of 1981,, |
| 2.1.1.4.14,European Charter of Local Self-Government of 1985,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – European Charter of Local Self-Government of 1985,, |
| 2.1.1.4.15,Convention on the Rights of the Child of 1989,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – Convention on the Rights of the Child of 1989,, |
| 2.1.1.4.16,Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities of 1995,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities of 1995,, |
| 2.1.1.4.17,Statute of the International Criminal Court of 1998,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – Statute of the International Criminal Court of 1998,, |
| 2.1.1.4.18,Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union of 2000,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union of 2000,, |
| 2.1.1.4.19,International conventions regulating diplomatic and consular relations,Sources – Categories – Written rules – International instruments – International conventions regulating diplomatic and consular relations,, |
| 2.1.2,Unwritten rules,Sources – Categories – Unwritten rules,, |
| 2.1.2.1,Constitutional custom,Sources – Categories – Unwritten rules – Constitutional custom,, |
| 2.1.2.2,General principles of law,Sources – Categories – Unwritten rules – General principles of law,, |
| 2.1.2.3,Natural law,Sources – Categories – Unwritten rules – Natural law,, |
| 2.1.3,Case-law,Sources – Categories – Case-law,, |
| 2.1.3.1,Domestic case-law,Sources – Categories – Case-law – Domestic case-law,, |
| 2.1.3.2,International case-law,Sources – Categories – Case-law – International case-law,, |
| 2.1.3.2.1,European Court of Human Rights,Sources – Categories – Case-law – International case-law – European Court of Human Rights,, |
| 2.1.3.2.2,Court of Justice of the European Union,Sources – Categories – Case-law – International case-law – Court of Justice of the European Union,, |
| 2.1.3.2.3,Other international bodies,Sources – Categories – Case-law – International case-law – Other international bodies,, |
| 2.1.3.3,Foreign case-law,Sources – Categories – Case-law – Foreign case-law,, |
| 2.2,Hierarchy,Sources – Hierarchy,, |
| 2.2.1,Hierarchy as between national and non-national sources,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national and non-national sources,, |
| 2.2.1.1,Treaties and constitutions,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national and non-national sources – Treaties and constitutions,, |
| 2.2.1.2,Treaties and legislative acts,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national and non-national sources – Treaties and legislative acts,, |
| 2.2.1.3,Treaties and other domestic legal instruments,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national and non-national sources – Treaties and other domestic legal instruments,, |
| 2.2.1.4,European Convention on Human Rights and constitutions,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national and non-national sources – European Convention on Human Rights and constitutions,, |
| 2.2.1.5,European Convention on Human Rights and non-constitutional domestic legal instruments,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national and non-national sources – European Convention on Human Rights and non-constitutional domestic legal instruments,, |
| 2.2.1.6,Law of the European Union/EU Law and domestic law,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national and non-national sources – Law of the European Union/EU Law and domestic law,, |
| 2.2.1.6.1,EU primary law and constitutions,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national and non-national sources – Law of the European Union/EU Law and domestic law – EU primary law and constitutions,, |
| 2.2.1.6.2,EU primary law and domestic non-constitutional legal instruments,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national and non-national sources – Law of the European Union/EU Law and domestic law – EU primary law and domestic non-constitutional legal instruments,, |
| 2.2.1.6.3,EU secondary law and constitutions,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national and non-national sources – Law of the European Union/EU Law and domestic law – EU secondary law and constitutions,, |
| 2.2.1.6.4,EU secondary law and domestic non-constitutional instruments,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national and non-national sources – Law of the European Union/EU Law and domestic law – EU secondary law and domestic non-constitutional instruments,, |
| 2.2.1.6.5,"Direct effect, primacy and the uniform application of EU Law","Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national and non-national sources – Law of the European Union/EU Law and domestic law – Direct effect, primacy and the uniform application of EU Law",, |
| 2.2.2,Hierarchy as between national sources,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national sources,, |
| 2.2.2.1,Hierarchy emerging from the Constitution,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national sources – Hierarchy emerging from the Constitution,, |
| 2.2.2.1.1,Hierarchy attributed to rights and freedoms,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national sources – Hierarchy emerging from the Constitution – Hierarchy attributed to rights and freedoms,, |
| 2.2.2.2,The Constitution and other sources of domestic law,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy as between national sources – The Constitution and other sources of domestic law,, |
| 2.2.3,Hierarchy between sources of EU Law,Sources – Hierarchy – Hierarchy between sources of EU Law,, |
| 2.3,Techniques of review,Sources – Techniques of review,, |
| 2.3.1,Concept of manifest error in assessing evidence or exercising discretion,Sources – Techniques of review – Concept of manifest error in assessing evidence or exercising discretion,, |
| 2.3.2,Concept of constitutionality dependent on a specified interpretation,Sources – Techniques of review – Concept of constitutionality dependent on a specified interpretation,39.0,"Presumption of constitutionality, double construction rule." |
| 2.3.3,Intention of the author of the enactment under review,Sources – Techniques of review – Intention of the author of the enactment under review,, |
| 2.3.4,Interpretation by analogy,Sources – Techniques of review – Interpretation by analogy,, |
| 2.3.5,Logical interpretation,Sources – Techniques of review – Logical interpretation,, |
| 2.3.6,Historical interpretation,Sources – Techniques of review – Historical interpretation,, |
| 2.3.7,Literal interpretation,Sources – Techniques of review – Literal interpretation,, |
| 2.3.8,Systematic interpretation,Sources – Techniques of review – Systematic interpretation,, |
| 2.3.9,Teleological interpretation,Sources – Techniques of review – Teleological interpretation,, |
| 2.3.10,Contextual interpretation,Sources – Techniques of review – Contextual interpretation,, |
| 2.3.11,Pro homine/most favourable interpretation to the individual,Sources – Techniques of review – Pro homine/most favourable interpretation to the individual,, |
| 3,General Principles,General Principles,, |
| 3.1,Sovereignty,General Principles – Sovereignty,, |
| 3.2,Republic/Monarchy,General Principles – Republic/Monarchy,, |
| 3.3,Democracy,General Principles – Democracy,, |
| 3.3.1,Representative democracy,General Principles – Democracy – Representative democracy,, |
| 3.3.2,Direct democracy,General Principles – Democracy – Direct democracy,, |
| 3.3.3,Pluralist democracy,General Principles – Democracy – Pluralist democracy,40.0,Including the principle of a multi-party system. |
| 3.4,Separation of powers,General Principles – Separation of powers,, |
| 3.5,Social State,General Principles – Social State,41.0,Includes the principle of social justice. |
| 3.6,Structure of the State,General Principles – Structure of the State,42.0,See also 4.8. |
| 3.6.1,Unitary State,General Principles – Structure of the State – Unitary State,, |
| 3.6.2,Regional State,General Principles – Structure of the State – Regional State,, |
| 3.6.3,Federal State,General Principles – Structure of the State – Federal State,, |
| 3.7,Relations between the State and bodies of a religious or ideological nature,General Principles – Relations between the State and bodies of a religious or ideological nature,43.0,"Separation of Church and State, State subsidisation and recognition of churches, secular nature, etc." |
| 3.8,Territorial principles,General Principles – Territorial principles,, |
| 3.8.1,Indivisibility of the territory,General Principles – Territorial principles – Indivisibility of the territory,, |
| 3.9,Rule of law,General Principles – Rule of law,, |
| 3.10,Certainty of the law,General Principles – Certainty of the law,44.0,Including maintaining confidence and legitimate expectations. |
| 3.11,Vested and/or acquired rights,General Principles – Vested and/or acquired rights,, |
| 3.12,Clarity and precision of legal provisions,General Principles – Clarity and precision of legal provisions,, |
| 3.13,Legality,General Principles – Legality,45.0,Principle according to which general sub-statutory acts must be based on and in conformity with the law |
| 3.14,"Nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege","General Principles – Nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege",46.0,Prohibition of punishment without proper legal base. |
| 3.15,Publication of laws,General Principles – Publication of laws,, |
| 3.15.1,Ignorance of the law is no excuse,General Principles – Publication of laws – Ignorance of the law is no excuse,, |
| 3.15.2,Linguistic aspects,General Principles – Publication of laws – Linguistic aspects,, |
| 3.16,Proportionality,General Principles – Proportionality,, |
| 3.17,Weighing of interests,General Principles – Weighing of interests,, |
| 3.18,General interest,General Principles – General interest,47.0,Including compelling public interest. |
| 3.19,Margin of appreciation,General Principles – Margin of appreciation,, |
| 3.20,Reasonableness,General Principles – Reasonableness,, |
| 3.21,Equality,General Principles – Equality,48.0,"Only where not applied as a fundamental right (e.g. between state authorities, municipalities, etc.)." |
| 3.22,Prohibition of arbitrariness,General Principles – Prohibition of arbitrariness,, |
| 3.23,Equity,General Principles – Equity,, |
| 3.24,Loyalty to the State,General Principles – Loyalty to the State,49.0,Including questions of treason/high crimes. |
| 3.25,Market economy,General Principles – Market economy,50.0,Including prohibition on monopolies. |
| 3.26,Fundamental principles of the Internal Market,General Principles – Fundamental principles of the Internal Market,51.0,"For sincere co-operation and subsidiarity see 4.17.2.1 and 4.17.2.2, respectively." |
| 4,Institutions,Institutions,, |
| 4.1,Constituent assembly or equivalent body,Institutions – Constituent assembly or equivalent body,52.0,Including the body responsible for revising or amending the Constitution. |
| 4.1.1,Procedure,Institutions – Constituent assembly or equivalent body – Procedure,, |
| 4.1.2,Limitations on powers,Institutions – Constituent assembly or equivalent body – Limitations on powers,, |
| 4.2,State Symbols,Institutions – State Symbols,, |
| 4.2.1,Flag,Institutions – State Symbols – Flag,, |
| 4.2.2,National holiday,Institutions – State Symbols – National holiday,, |
| 4.2.3,National anthem,Institutions – State Symbols – National anthem,, |
| 4.2.4,National emblem,Institutions – State Symbols – National emblem,, |
| 4.2.5,Motto,Institutions – State Symbols – Motto,, |
| 4.2.6,Capital city,Institutions – State Symbols – Capital city,, |
| 4.3,Languages,Institutions – Languages,, |
| 4.3.1,Official language(s),Institutions – Languages – Official language(s),, |
| 4.3.2,National language(s),Institutions – Languages – National language(s),, |
| 4.3.3,Regional language(s),Institutions – Languages – Regional language(s),, |
| 4.3.4,Minority language(s),Institutions – Languages – Minority language(s),, |
| 4.4,Head of State,Institutions – Head of State,, |
| 4.4.1,Vice-President / Regent,Institutions – Head of State – Vice-President / Regent,, |
| 4.4.2,Temporary replacement,Institutions – Head of State – Temporary replacement,, |
| 4.4.3,Powers,Institutions – Head of State – Powers,, |
| 4.4.3.1,Relations with legislative bodies,Institutions – Head of State – Powers – Relations with legislative bodies,53.0,"For example, presidential messages, requests for further debating of a law, right of legislative veto, dissolution." |
| 4.4.3.2,Relations with the executive bodies,Institutions – Head of State – Powers – Relations with the executive bodies,54.0,"For example, nomination of members of the government, chairing of Cabinet sessions, countersigning." |
| 4.4.3.3,Relations with judicial bodies,Institutions – Head of State – Powers – Relations with judicial bodies,55.0,"For example, the granting of pardons." |
| 4.4.3.4,Promulgation of laws,Institutions – Head of State – Powers – Promulgation of laws,, |
| 4.4.3.5,International relations,Institutions – Head of State – Powers – International relations,, |
| 4.4.3.6,Powers with respect to the armed forces,Institutions – Head of State – Powers – Powers with respect to the armed forces,, |
| 4.4.3.7,Mediating powers,Institutions – Head of State – Powers – Mediating powers,, |
| 4.4.4,Appointment,Institutions – Head of State – Appointment,, |
| 4.4.4.1,Necessary qualifications,Institutions – Head of State – Appointment – Necessary qualifications,, |
| 4.4.4.2,Incompatibilities,Institutions – Head of State – Appointment – Incompatibilities,, |
| 4.4.4.3,Direct/indirect election,Institutions – Head of State – Appointment – Direct/indirect election,, |
| 4.4.4.4,Hereditary succession,Institutions – Head of State – Appointment – Hereditary succession,, |
| 4.4.5,Term of office,Institutions – Head of State – Term of office,, |
| 4.4.5.1,Commencement of office,Institutions – Head of State – Term of office – Commencement of office,, |
| 4.4.5.2,Duration of office,Institutions – Head of State – Term of office – Duration of office,, |
| 4.4.5.3,Incapacity,Institutions – Head of State – Term of office – Incapacity,, |
| 4.4.5.4,End of office,Institutions – Head of State – Term of office – End of office,, |
| 4.4.5.5,Limit on number of successive terms,Institutions – Head of State – Term of office – Limit on number of successive terms,, |
| 4.4.6,Status,Institutions – Head of State – Status,, |
| 4.4.6.1,Liability,Institutions – Head of State – Status – Liability,, |
| 4.4.6.1.1,Legal liability,Institutions – Head of State – Status – Liability – Legal liability,, |
| 4.4.6.1.1.1,Immunity,Institutions – Head of State – Status – Liability – Legal liability – Immunity,, |
| 4.4.6.1.1.2,Civil liability,Institutions – Head of State – Status – Liability – Legal liability – Civil liability,, |
| 4.4.6.1.1.3,Criminal liability,Institutions – Head of State – Status – Liability – Legal liability – Criminal liability,, |
| 4.4.6.1.2,Political responsibility,Institutions – Head of State – Status – Liability – Political responsibility,, |
| 4.5,Legislative bodies,Institutions – Legislative bodies,56.0,"For regional and local authorities, see Chapter 4.8." |
| 4.5.1,Structure,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Structure,57.0,"For regional and local authorities, see Chapter 4.8." |
| 4.5.2,Powers,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Powers,58.0,"Bicameral, monocameral, special competence of each assembly, etc." |
| 4.5.2.1,Competences with respect to international agreements,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Powers – Competences with respect to international agreements,, |
| 4.5.2.2,Powers of enquiry,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Powers – Powers of enquiry,59.0,"In particular, commissions of enquiry." |
| 4.5.2.3,Delegation to another legislative body,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Powers – Delegation to another legislative body,60.0,"For delegation of powers to an executive body, see keyword 4.6.3.2." |
| 4.5.2.4,Negative incompetence,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Powers – Negative incompetence,61.0,Obligation on the legislative body to use the full scope of its powers. |
| 4.5.3,Composition,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Composition,, |
| 4.5.3.1,Election of members,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Composition – Election of members,, |
| 4.5.3.2,Appointment of members,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Composition – Appointment of members,, |
| 4.5.3.3,Term of office of the legislative body,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Composition – Term of office of the legislative body,, |
| 4.5.3.3.1,Duration,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Composition – Term of office of the legislative body – Duration,, |
| 4.5.3.4,Term of office of members,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Composition – Term of office of members,, |
| 4.5.3.4.1,Characteristics,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Composition – Term of office of members – Characteristics,62.0,Representative/imperative mandates. |
| 4.5.3.4.2,Duration,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Composition – Term of office of members – Duration,, |
| 4.5.3.4.3,End,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Composition – Term of office of members – End,, |
| 4.5.4,Organisation,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Organisation,, |
| 4.5.4.1,Rules of procedure,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Organisation – Rules of procedure,, |
| 4.5.4.2,President/Speaker,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Organisation – President/Speaker,, |
| 4.5.4.3,Sessions,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Organisation – Sessions,63,"Including the convening, duration, publicity and agenda of sessions." |
| 4.5.4.4,Committees,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Organisation – Committees,64,"Including their creation, composition and terms of reference." |
| 4.5.4.5,Parliamentary groups,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Organisation – Parliamentary groups,, |
| 4.5.5,Finances,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Finances,65.0,"State budgetary contribution, other sources, etc." |
| 4.5.6,Law-making procedure,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Law-making procedure,66.0,"For the publication of laws, see 3.15." |
| 4.5.6.1,Right to initiate legislation,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Law-making procedure – Right to initiate legislation,, |
| 4.5.6.2,Quorum,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Law-making procedure – Quorum,, |
| 4.5.6.3,Majority required,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Law-making procedure – Majority required,, |
| 4.5.6.4,Right of amendment,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Law-making procedure – Right of amendment,, |
| 4.5.6.5,Relations between houses,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Law-making procedure – Relations between houses,, |
| 4.5.7,Relations with the executive bodies,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Relations with the executive bodies,, |
| 4.5.7.1,Questions to the government,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Relations with the executive bodies – Questions to the government,, |
| 4.5.7.2,Questions of confidence,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Relations with the executive bodies – Questions of confidence,, |
| 4.5.7.3,Motion of censure,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Relations with the executive bodies – Motion of censure,, |
| 4.5.8,Relations with judicial bodies,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Relations with judicial bodies,, |
| 4.5.9,Liability,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Liability,, |
| 4.5.10,Political parties,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Political parties,, |
| 4.5.10.1,Creation,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Political parties – Creation,, |
| 4.5.10.2,Financing,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Political parties – Financing,, |
| 4.5.10.3,Role,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Political parties – Role,, |
| 4.5.10.4,Prohibition,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Political parties – Prohibition,, |
| 4.5.11,Status of members of legislative bodies,Institutions – Legislative bodies – Status of members of legislative bodies,67.0,"For example, incompatibilities arising during the term of office, parliamentary immunity, exemption from prosecution and others. For questions of eligibility, see 4.9.5." |
| 4.6,Executive bodies,Institutions – Executive bodies,68.0,"For local authorities, see 4.8." |
| 4.6.1,Hierarchy,Institutions – Executive bodies – Hierarchy,, |
| 4.6.2,Powers,Institutions – Executive bodies – Powers,, |
| 4.6.3,Application of laws,Institutions – Executive bodies – Application of laws,, |
| 4.6.3.1,Autonomous rule-making powers,Institutions – Executive bodies – Application of laws – Autonomous rule-making powers,69.0,Derived directly from the Constitution. |
| 4.6.3.2,Delegated rule-making powers,Institutions – Executive bodies – Application of laws – Delegated rule-making powers,, |
| 4.6.4,Composition,Institutions – Executive bodies – Composition,, |
| 4.6.4.1,Appointment of members,Institutions – Executive bodies – Composition – Appointment of members,, |
| 4.6.4.2,Election of members,Institutions – Executive bodies – Composition – Election of members,, |
| 4.6.4.3,End of office of members,Institutions – Executive bodies – Composition – End of office of members,, |
| 4.6.4.4,Status of members of executive bodies,Institutions – Executive bodies – Composition – Status of members of executive bodies,, |
| 4.6.5,Organisation,Institutions – Executive bodies – Organisation,, |
| 4.6.6,Relations with judicial bodies,Institutions – Executive bodies – Relations with judicial bodies,, |
| 4.6.7,Administrative decentralisation,Institutions – Executive bodies – Administrative decentralisation,70.0,See also 4.8. |
| 4.6.8,Sectoral decentralisation,Institutions – Executive bodies – Sectoral decentralisation,71.0,"The vesting of administrative competence in public law bodies having their own independent organisational structure, independent of public authorities, but controlled by them. For other administrative bodies, see also 4.6.7 and 4.13." |
| 4.6.8.1,Universities,Institutions – Executive bodies – Sectoral decentralisation – Universities,, |
| 4.6.9,The civil service,Institutions – Executive bodies – The civil service,72.0,"Civil servants, administrators, etc." |
| 4.6.9.1,Conditions of access,Institutions – Executive bodies – The civil service – Conditions of access,, |
| 4.6.9.2,Reasons for exclusion,Institutions – Executive bodies – The civil service – Reasons for exclusion,, |
| 4.6.9.2.1,Lustration,Institutions – Executive bodies – The civil service – Reasons for exclusion – Lustration,73.0,Practice aiming at removing from civil service persons formerly involved with a totalitarian regime. |
| 4.6.9.3,Remuneration,Institutions – Executive bodies – The civil service – Remuneration,, |
| 4.6.9.4,Personal liability,Institutions – Executive bodies – The civil service – Personal liability,, |
| 4.6.9.5,Trade union status,Institutions – Executive bodies – The civil service – Trade union status,, |
| 4.6.10,Liability,Institutions – Executive bodies – Liability,, |
| 4.6.10.1,Legal liability,Institutions – Executive bodies – Liability – Legal liability,, |
| 4.6.10.1.1,Immunity,Institutions – Executive bodies – Liability – Legal liability – Immunity,, |
| 4.6.10.1.2,Civil liability,Institutions – Executive bodies – Liability – Legal liability – Civil liability,, |
| 4.6.10.1.3,Criminal liability,Institutions – Executive bodies – Liability – Legal liability – Criminal liability,, |
| 4.6.10.2,Political responsibility,Institutions – Executive bodies – Liability – Political responsibility,, |
| 4.7,Judicial bodies,Institutions – Judicial bodies,74.0,Other than the body delivering the decision summarised here. |
| 4.7.1,Jurisdiction,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Jurisdiction,, |
| 4.7.1.1,Exclusive jurisdiction,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Jurisdiction – Exclusive jurisdiction,, |
| 4.7.1.2,Universal jurisdiction,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Jurisdiction – Universal jurisdiction,, |
| 4.7.1.3,Conflicts of jurisdiction,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Jurisdiction – Conflicts of jurisdiction,75.0,Positive and negative conflicts. |
| 4.7.2,Procedure,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Procedure,, |
| 4.7.3,Decisions,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Decisions,, |
| 4.7.4,Organisation,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation,, |
| 4.7.4.1,Members,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Members,, |
| 4.7.4.1.1,Qualifications,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Members – Qualifications,, |
| 4.7.4.1.2,Appointment,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Members – Appointment,, |
| 4.7.4.1.3,Election,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Members – Election,, |
| 4.7.4.1.4,Term of office,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Members – Term of office,, |
| 4.7.4.1.5,End of office,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Members – End of office,, |
| 4.7.4.1.6,Status,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Members – Status,, |
| 4.7.4.1.6.1,Incompatibilities,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Members – Status – Incompatibilities,, |
| 4.7.4.1.6.2,Discipline,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Members – Status – Discipline,, |
| 4.7.4.1.6.3,Irremovability,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Members – Status – Irremovability,, |
| 4.7.4.2,Officers of the court,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Officers of the court,, |
| 4.7.4.3,Prosecutors / State counsel,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Prosecutors / State counsel,76.0,Notwithstanding the question to which to branch of state power the prosecutor belongs. |
| 4.7.4.3.1,Powers,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Prosecutors / State counsel – Powers,, |
| 4.7.4.3.2,Appointment,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Prosecutors / State counsel – Appointment,, |
| 4.7.4.3.3,Election,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Prosecutors / State counsel – Election,, |
| 4.7.4.3.4,Term of office,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Prosecutors / State counsel – Term of office,, |
| 4.7.4.3.5,End of office,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Prosecutors / State counsel – End of office,, |
| 4.7.4.3.6,Status,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Prosecutors / State counsel – Status,, |
| 4.7.4.4,Languages,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Languages,, |
| 4.7.4.5,Registry,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Registry,, |
| 4.7.4.6,Budget,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Organisation – Budget,, |
| 4.7.5,Supreme Judicial Council or equivalent body,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Supreme Judicial Council or equivalent body,77.0,"For example, Judicial Service Commission, Haut Conseil de la Justice, etc." |
| 4.7.6,Relations with bodies of international jurisdiction,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Relations with bodies of international jurisdiction,, |
| 4.7.7,Supreme court,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Supreme court,, |
| 4.7.8,Ordinary courts,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Ordinary courts,, |
| 4.7.8.1,Civil courts,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Ordinary courts – Civil courts,, |
| 4.7.8.2,Criminal courts,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Ordinary courts – Criminal courts,, |
| 4.7.9,Administrative courts,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Administrative courts,, |
| 4.7.10,Financial courts,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Financial courts,78.0,Comprises the Court of Auditors in so far as it exercises judicial power. |
| 4.7.11,Military courts,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Military courts,, |
| 4.7.12,Special courts,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Special courts,, |
| 4.7.13,Other courts,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Other courts,, |
| 4.7.14,Arbitration,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Arbitration,, |
| 4.7.15,Legal assistance and representation of parties,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Legal assistance and representation of parties,, |
| 4.7.15.1,The Bar,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Legal assistance and representation of parties – The Bar,, |
| 4.7.15.1.1,Organisation,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Legal assistance and representation of parties – The Bar – Organisation,, |
| 4.7.15.1.2,Powers of ruling bodies,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Legal assistance and representation of parties – The Bar – Powers of ruling bodies,, |
| 4.7.15.1.3,Role of members of the Bar,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Legal assistance and representation of parties – The Bar – Role of members of the Bar,, |
| 4.7.15.1.4,Status of members of the Bar,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Legal assistance and representation of parties – The Bar – Status of members of the Bar,, |
| 4.7.15.1.5,Discipline,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Legal assistance and representation of parties – The Bar – Discipline,, |
| 4.7.15.2,Assistance other than by the Bar,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Legal assistance and representation of parties – Assistance other than by the Bar,, |
| 4.7.15.2.1,Legal advisers,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Legal assistance and representation of parties – Assistance other than by the Bar – Legal advisers,, |
| 4.7.15.2.2,Legal assistance bodies,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Legal assistance and representation of parties – Assistance other than by the Bar – Legal assistance bodies,, |
| 4.7.16,Liability,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Liability,, |
| 4.7.16.1,Liability of the State,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Liability – Liability of the State,, |
| 4.7.16.2,Liability of judges,Institutions – Judicial bodies – Liability – Liability of judges,, |
| 4.8,"Federalism, regionalism and local self-government","Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government",, |
| 4.8.1,Federal entities,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Federal entities",79.0,See also 3.6. |
| 4.8.2,Regions and provinces,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Regions and provinces",, |
| 4.8.3,Municipalities,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Municipalities",80.0,And other units of local self-government. |
| 4.8.4,Basic principles,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Basic principles",, |
| 4.8.4.1,Autonomy,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Basic principles – Autonomy",, |
| 4.8.4.2,Subsidiarity,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Basic principles – Subsidiarity",, |
| 4.8.5,Definition of geographical boundaries,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Definition of geographical boundaries",, |
| 4.8.6,Institutional aspects,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Institutional aspects",, |
| 4.8.6.1,Deliberative assembly,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Institutional aspects – Deliberative assembly",, |
| 4.8.6.1.1,Status of members,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Institutional aspects – Deliberative assembly – Status of members",, |
| 4.8.6.2,Executive,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Institutional aspects – Executive",, |
| 4.8.6.3,Courts,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Institutional aspects – Courts",, |
| 4.8.7,Budgetary and financial aspects,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Budgetary and financial aspects",, |
| 4.8.7.1,Finance,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Budgetary and financial aspects – Finance",, |
| 4.8.7.2,Arrangements for distributing the financial resources of the State,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Budgetary and financial aspects – Arrangements for distributing the financial resources of the State",, |
| 4.8.7.3,Budget,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Budgetary and financial aspects – Budget",, |
| 4.8.7.4,Mutual support arrangements,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Budgetary and financial aspects – Mutual support arrangements",, |
| 4.8.8,Distribution of powers,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Distribution of powers",, |
| 4.8.8.1,Principles and methods,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Distribution of powers – Principles and methods",, |
| 4.8.8.2,Implementation,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Distribution of powers – Implementation",, |
| 4.8.8.2.1,Distribution ratione materiae,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Distribution of powers – Implementation – Distribution ratione materiae",, |
| 4.8.8.2.2,Distribution ratione loci,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Distribution of powers – Implementation – Distribution ratione loci",, |
| 4.8.8.2.3,Distribution ratione temporis,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Distribution of powers – Implementation – Distribution ratione temporis",, |
| 4.8.8.2.4,Distribution ratione personae,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Distribution of powers – Implementation – Distribution ratione personae",, |
| 4.8.8.3,Supervision,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Distribution of powers – Supervision",, |
| 4.8.8.4,Co-operation,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Distribution of powers – Co-operation",, |
| 4.8.8.5,International relations,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Distribution of powers – International relations",, |
| 4.8.8.5.1,Conclusion of treaties,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Distribution of powers – International relations – Conclusion of treaties",, |
| 4.8.8.5.2,Participation in international organisations or their organs,"Institutions – Federalism, regionalism and local self-government – Distribution of powers – International relations – Participation in international organisations or their organs",, |
| 4.9,Elections and instruments of direct democracy,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy,81.0,See also keywords 5.3.41 and 5.2.1.4. |
| 4.9.1,Competent body for the organisation and control of voting,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Competent body for the organisation and control of voting,82.0,Organs of control and supervision. |
| 4.9.2,Referenda and other instruments of direct democracy,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Referenda and other instruments of direct democracy,83.0,Including other consultations. |
| 4.9.2.1,Admissibility,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Referenda and other instruments of direct democracy – Admissibility,84.0,"For questions of jurisdiction, see keyword 1.3.4.6." |
| 4.9.2.2,Effects,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Referenda and other instruments of direct democracy – Effects,, |
| 4.9.3,Electoral system,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Electoral system,85.0,"Proportional, majority, preferential, single-member constituencies, etc." |
| 4.9.3.1,Method of voting,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Electoral system – Method of voting,86.0,"For example, Panachage, voting for whole list or part of list, blank votes." |
| 4.9.4,Constituencies,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Constituencies,, |
| 4.9.5,Eligibility,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Eligibility,87.0,"For aspects related to fundamental rights, see 5.3.41.2." |
| 4.9.6,Representation of minorities,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Representation of minorities,, |
| 4.9.7,Preliminary procedures,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Preliminary procedures,, |
| 4.9.7.1,Electoral rolls,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Preliminary procedures – Electoral rolls,, |
| 4.9.7.2,Registration of parties and candidates,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Preliminary procedures – Registration of parties and candidates,88.0,"For the creation of political parties, see 4.5.10.1." |
| 4.9.7.3,Ballot papers,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Preliminary procedures – Ballot papers,89.0,"For example, names of parties, order of presentation, logo, emblem or question in a referendum." |
| 4.9.8,Electoral campaign and campaign material,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Electoral campaign and campaign material,90.0,"Tracts, letters, press, radio and television, posters, nominations, etc." |
| 4.9.8.1,Campaign financing,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Electoral campaign and campaign material – Campaign financing,, |
| 4.9.8.2,Campaign expenses,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Electoral campaign and campaign material – Campaign expenses,, |
| 4.9.8.3,Access to media,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Electoral campaign and campaign material – Access to media,91.0,"For the access of media to information, see 5.3.23, 5.3.24, in combination with 5.3.41." |
| 4.9.9,Voting procedures,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Voting procedures,, |
| 4.9.9.1,Polling stations,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Voting procedures – Polling stations,, |
| 4.9.9.2,Polling booths,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Voting procedures – Polling booths,, |
| 4.9.9.3,Voting,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Voting procedures – Voting,92.0,"Impartiality of electoral authorities, incidents, disturbances." |
| 4.9.9.4,Identity checks on voters,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Voting procedures – Identity checks on voters,, |
| 4.9.9.5,Record of persons having voted,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Voting procedures – Record of persons having voted,93.0,"For example, signatures on electoral rolls, stamps, crossing out of names on list." |
| 4.9.9.6,Casting of votes,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Voting procedures – Casting of votes,94.0,"For example, in person, proxy vote, postal vote, electronic vote." |
| 4.9.10,Minimum participation rate required,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Minimum participation rate required,, |
| 4.9.11,Determination of votes,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Determination of votes,, |
| 4.9.11.1,Counting of votes,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Determination of votes – Counting of votes,, |
| 4.9.11.2,Electoral reports,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Determination of votes – Electoral reports,, |
| 4.9.12,Proclamation of results,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Proclamation of results,, |
| 4.9.13,Judicial control,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Judicial control,, |
| 4.9.14,Non-judicial complaints and appeals,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Non-judicial complaints and appeals,, |
| 4.9.15,Post-electoral procedures,Institutions – Elections and instruments of direct democracy – Post-electoral procedures,, |
| 4.10,Public finances,Institutions – Public finances,95.0,"This keyword covers property of the central state, regions and municipalities and may be applied together with Chapter 4.8." |
| 4.10.1,Principles,Institutions – Public finances – Principles,, |
| 4.10.2,Budget,Institutions – Public finances – Budget,, |
| 4.10.3,Accounts,Institutions – Public finances – Accounts,, |
| 4.10.4,Currency,Institutions – Public finances – Currency,, |
| 4.10.5,Central bank,Institutions – Public finances – Central bank,, |
| 4.10.6,Auditing bodies,Institutions – Public finances – Auditing bodies,96.0,"For example, Auditor-General." |
| 4.10.7,Taxation,Institutions – Public finances – Taxation,, |
| 4.10.7.1,Principles,Institutions – Public finances – Taxation – Principles,, |
| 4.10.8,Public assets,Institutions – Public finances – Public assets,97.0,"Includes ownership in undertakings by the state, regions or municipalities." |
| 4.10.8.1,Privatisation,Institutions – Public finances – Public assets – Privatisation,, |
| 4.11,"Armed forces, police forces and secret services","Institutions – Armed forces, police forces and secret services",, |
| 4.11.1,Armed forces,"Institutions – Armed forces, police forces and secret services – Armed forces",, |
| 4.11.2,Police forces,"Institutions – Armed forces, police forces and secret services – Police forces",, |
| 4.11.3,Secret services,"Institutions – Armed forces, police forces and secret services – Secret services",, |
| 4.12,Ombudsman,Institutions – Ombudsman,98.0,"Parliamentary Commissioner, Public Defender, Human Rights Commission, etc." |
| 4.12.1,Appointment,Institutions – Ombudsman – Appointment,, |
| 4.12.2,Guarantees of independence,Institutions – Ombudsman – Guarantees of independence,, |
| 4.12.2.1,Term of office,Institutions – Ombudsman – Guarantees of independence – Term of office,, |
| 4.12.2.2,Incompatibilities,Institutions – Ombudsman – Guarantees of independence – Incompatibilities,, |
| 4.12.2.3,Immunities,Institutions – Ombudsman – Guarantees of independence – Immunities,, |
| 4.12.2.4,Financial independence,Institutions – Ombudsman – Guarantees of independence – Financial independence,, |
| 4.12.3,Powers,Institutions – Ombudsman – Powers,, |
| 4.12.4,Organisation,Institutions – Ombudsman – Organisation,, |
| 4.12.5,Relations with the Head of State,Institutions – Ombudsman – Relations with the Head of State,, |
| 4.12.6,Relations with the legislature,Institutions – Ombudsman – Relations with the legislature,, |
| 4.12.7,Relations with the executive,Institutions – Ombudsman – Relations with the executive,, |
| 4.12.8,Relations with auditing bodies,Institutions – Ombudsman – Relations with auditing bodies,99.0,"For example, Court of Auditors." |
| 4.12.9,Relations with judicial bodies,Institutions – Ombudsman – Relations with judicial bodies,, |
| 4.12.10,Relations with federal or regional authorities,Institutions – Ombudsman – Relations with federal or regional authorities,, |
| 4.13,Independent administrative authorities,Institutions – Independent administrative authorities,100.0,The vesting of administrative competence in public law bodies situated outside the traditional administrative hierarchy. See also 4.6.8. |
| 4.14,Activities and duties assigned to the State by the Constitution,Institutions – Activities and duties assigned to the State by the Constitution,101.0,Staatszielbestimmungen. |
| 4.15,Exercise of public functions by private bodies,Institutions – Exercise of public functions by private bodies,, |
| 4.16,International relations,Institutions – International relations,, |
| 4.16.1,Transfer of powers to international institutions,Institutions – International relations – Transfer of powers to international institutions,, |
| 4.17,European Union,Institutions – European Union,, |
| 4.17.1,Institutional structure,Institutions – European Union – Institutional structure,, |
| 4.17.1.1,European Parliament,Institutions – European Union – Institutional structure – European Parliament,, |
| 4.17.1.2,European Council,Institutions – European Union – Institutional structure – European Council,, |
| 4.17.1.3,Council of Ministers,Institutions – European Union – Institutional structure – Council of Ministers,, |
| 4.17.1.4,European Commission,Institutions – European Union – Institutional structure – European Commission,, |
| 4.17.1.5,Court of Justice of the European Union,Institutions – European Union – Institutional structure – Court of Justice of the European Union,102.0,"Institutional aspects only: questions of procedure, jurisdiction, composition, etc. are dealt with under the keywords of Chapter 1." |
| 4.17.1.6,European Central Bank,Institutions – European Union – Institutional structure – European Central Bank,, |
| 4.17.1.7,Court of Auditors,Institutions – European Union – Institutional structure – Court of Auditors,, |
| 4.17.2,Distribution of powers between the EU and member states,Institutions – European Union – Distribution of powers between the EU and member states,, |
| 4.17.2.1,Sincere co-operation between EU institutions and member States,Institutions – European Union – Distribution of powers between the EU and member states – Sincere co-operation between EU institutions and member States,, |
| 4.17.2.2,Subsidiarity,Institutions – European Union – Distribution of powers between the EU and member states – Subsidiarity,, |
| 4.17.3,Distribution of powers between institutions of the EU,Institutions – European Union – Distribution of powers between institutions of the EU,, |
| 4.17.4,Legislative procedure,Institutions – European Union – Legislative procedure,, |
| 4.18,State of emergency and emergency powers,Institutions – State of emergency and emergency powers,103.0,"Including state of war, martial law, declared natural disasters, etc.; for human rights aspects, see also keyword 5.1.4.1." |
| 5,Fundamental Rights,Fundamental Rights,104.0,Positive and negative aspects. |
| 5.1,General questions,Fundamental Rights – General questions,, |
| 5.1.1,Entitlement to rights,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Entitlement to rights,, |
| 5.1.1.1,Nationals,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Entitlement to rights – Nationals,, |
| 5.1.1.1.1,Nationals living abroad,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Entitlement to rights – Nationals – Nationals living abroad,, |
| 5.1.1.2,Citizens of the European Union and non-citizens with similar status,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Entitlement to rights – Citizens of the European Union and non-citizens with similar status,, |
| 5.1.1.3,Foreigners,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Entitlement to rights – Foreigners,, |
| 5.1.1.3.1,Refugees and applicants for refugee status,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Entitlement to rights – Foreigners – Refugees and applicants for refugee status,, |
| 5.1.1.4,Natural persons,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Entitlement to rights – Natural persons,, |
| 5.1.1.4.1,Minors,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Entitlement to rights – Natural persons – Minors,105,"For rights of the child, see 5.3.44." |
| 5.1.1.4.2,Incapacitated,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Entitlement to rights – Natural persons – Incapacitated,, |
| 5.1.1.4.3,Detainees,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Entitlement to rights – Natural persons – Detainees,, |
| 5.1.1.4.4,Military personnel,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Entitlement to rights – Natural persons – Military personnel,, |
| 5.1.1.5,Legal persons,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Entitlement to rights – Legal persons,, |
| 5.1.1.5.1,Private law,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Entitlement to rights – Legal persons – Private law,, |
| 5.1.1.5.2,Public law,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Entitlement to rights – Legal persons – Public law,, |
| 5.1.2,Horizontal effects,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Horizontal effects,, |
| 5.1.3,Positive obligation of the state,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Positive obligation of the state,, |
| 5.1.4,Limits and restrictions,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Limits and restrictions,106.0,"The criteria of the limitation of human rights (legality, legitimate purpose/general interest, proportionality) are indexed in Chapter 3." |
| 5.1.4.1,Non-derogable rights,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Limits and restrictions – Non-derogable rights,, |
| 5.1.4.2,General/special clause of limitation,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Limits and restrictions – General/special clause of limitation,, |
| 5.1.4.3,Subsequent review of limitation,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Limits and restrictions – Subsequent review of limitation,, |
| 5.1.5,Emergency situations,Fundamental Rights – General questions – Emergency situations,107.0,Includes questions of the suspension of rights. See also 4.18. |
| 5.2,Equality,Fundamental Rights – Equality,108.0,Including all questions of non-discrimination. |
| 5.2.1,Scope of application,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Scope of application,, |
| 5.2.1.1,Public burdens,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Scope of application – Public burdens,109.0,Taxes and other duties towards the state. |
| 5.2.1.2,Employment,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Scope of application – Employment,, |
| 5.2.1.2.1,In private law,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Scope of application – Employment – In private law,, |
| 5.2.1.2.2,In public law,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Scope of application – Employment – In public law,, |
| 5.2.1.3,Social security,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Scope of application – Social security,, |
| 5.2.1.4,Elections,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Scope of application – Elections,110.0,"“One person, one vote”." |
| 5.2.2,Criteria of distinction,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Criteria of distinction,, |
| 5.2.2.1,Gender,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Criteria of distinction – Gender,, |
| 5.2.2.2,Race,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Criteria of distinction – Race,, |
| 5.2.2.3,Ethnic origin,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Criteria of distinction – Ethnic origin,, |
| 5.2.2.4,Citizenship or nationality,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Criteria of distinction – Citizenship or nationality,111.0,"According to the European Convention on Nationality of 1997, ETS no. 166, “‘nationality’ means the legal bond between a person and a state and does not indicate the person’s ethnic origin” (Article 2) and “… with regard to the effects of the Convention, the terms ‘nationality’ and ‘citizenship’ are synonymous” (paragraph 23, Explanatory Memorandum)." |
| 5.2.2.5,Social origin,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Criteria of distinction – Social origin,, |
| 5.2.2.6,Religion,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Criteria of distinction – Religion,, |
| 5.2.2.7,Age,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Criteria of distinction – Age,, |
| 5.2.2.8,Physical or mental disability,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Criteria of distinction – Physical or mental disability,, |
| 5.2.2.9,Political opinions or affiliation,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Criteria of distinction – Political opinions or affiliation,, |
| 5.2.2.10,Language,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Criteria of distinction – Language,, |
| 5.2.2.11,Sexual orientation,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Criteria of distinction – Sexual orientation,, |
| 5.2.2.12,Civil status,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Criteria of distinction – Civil status,112.0,"For example, discrimination between married and single persons." |
| 5.2.2.13,Differentiation ratione temporis,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Criteria of distinction – Differentiation ratione temporis,, |
| 5.2.3,Affirmative action,Fundamental Rights – Equality – Affirmative action,, |
| 5.3,Civil and political rights,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights,, |
| 5.3.1,Right to dignity,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to dignity,, |
| 5.3.2,Right to life,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to life,, |
| 5.3.3,Prohibition of torture and inhuman and degrading treatment,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Prohibition of torture and inhuman and degrading treatment,, |
| 5.3.4,Right to physical and psychological integrity,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to physical and psychological integrity,, |
| 5.3.4.1,Scientific and medical treatment and experiments,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to physical and psychological integrity – Scientific and medical treatment and experiments,, |
| 5.3.5,Individual liberty,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Individual liberty,113.0,"This keyword also covers “Personal liberty”. It includes for example identity checking, personal search and administrative arrest." |
| 5.3.5.1,Deprivation of liberty,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Individual liberty – Deprivation of liberty,, |
| 5.3.5.1.1,Arrest,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Individual liberty – Deprivation of liberty – Arrest,114.0,Detention by police. |
| 5.3.5.1.2,Non-penal measures,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Individual liberty – Deprivation of liberty – Non-penal measures,, |
| 5.3.5.1.3,Detention pending trial,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Individual liberty – Deprivation of liberty – Detention pending trial,, |
| 5.3.5.1.4,Conditional release,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Individual liberty – Deprivation of liberty – Conditional release,, |
| 5.3.5.2,Prohibition of forced or compulsory labour,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Individual liberty – Prohibition of forced or compulsory labour,, |
| 5.3.6,Freedom of movement,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Freedom of movement,115.0,Including questions related to the granting of passports or other travel documents. |
| 5.3.7,Right to emigrate,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to emigrate,, |
| 5.3.8,Right to citizenship or nationality,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to citizenship or nationality,, |
| 5.3.9,Right of residence,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right of residence,116.0,May include questions of expulsion and extradition. |
| 5.3.10,Rights of domicile and establishment,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Rights of domicile and establishment,, |
| 5.3.11,Right of asylum,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right of asylum,, |
| 5.3.12,Security of the person,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Security of the person,, |
| 5.3.13,"Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial","Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial",, |
| 5.3.13.1,Scope,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Scope",, |
| 5.3.13.1.1,Constitutional proceedings,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Scope – Constitutional proceedings",, |
| 5.3.13.1.2,Civil proceedings,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Scope – Civil proceedings",, |
| 5.3.13.1.3,Criminal proceedings,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Scope – Criminal proceedings",, |
| 5.3.13.1.4,Litigious administrative proceedings,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Scope – Litigious administrative proceedings",, |
| 5.3.13.1.5,Non-litigious administrative proceedings,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Scope – Non-litigious administrative proceedings",, |
| 5.3.13.2,Effective remedy,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Effective remedy",, |
| 5.3.13.3,Access to courts,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Access to courts",117.0,"Including the right of access to a tribunal established by law; for questions related to the establishment of extraordinary courts, see also keyword 4.7.12." |
| 5.3.13.3.1,“Natural judge”/Tribunal established by law,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Access to courts – “Natural judge”/Tribunal established by law",118.0,In the meaning of Article 6.1 of the European Convention on Human Rights. |
| 5.3.13.3.2,Habeas corpus,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Access to courts – Habeas corpus",, |
| 5.3.13.4,Double degree of jurisdiction,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Double degree of jurisdiction",119.0,This keyword covers the right of appeal to a court. |
| 5.3.13.5,Suspensive effect of appeal,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Suspensive effect of appeal",, |
| 5.3.13.6,Right to a hearing,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Right to a hearing",, |
| 5.3.13.7,Right to participate in the administration of justice,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Right to participate in the administration of justice",120.0,Including the right to be present at hearing. |
| 5.3.13.8,Right of access to the file,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Right of access to the file",, |
| 5.3.13.9,Public hearings,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Public hearings",, |
| 5.3.13.10,Trial by jury,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Trial by jury",, |
| 5.3.13.11,Public judgments,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Public judgments",, |
| 5.3.13.12,Right to be informed about the decision,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Right to be informed about the decision",, |
| 5.3.13.13,Trial/decision within reasonable time,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Trial/decision within reasonable time",, |
| 5.3.13.14,Independence,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Independence",, |
| 5.3.13.15,Impartiality,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Impartiality",121,Including challenging of a judge. |
| 5.3.13.16,Prohibition of reformatio in peius,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Prohibition of reformatio in peius",, |
| 5.3.13.17,Rules of evidence,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Rules of evidence",, |
| 5.3.13.18,Reasoning,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Reasoning",, |
| 5.3.13.19,Equality of arms,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Equality of arms",, |
| 5.3.13.20,Adversarial principle,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Adversarial principle",, |
| 5.3.13.21,Languages,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Languages",, |
| 5.3.13.22,Presumption of innocence,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Presumption of innocence",, |
| 5.3.13.23,Right to remain silent,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Right to remain silent",, |
| 5.3.13.23.1,Right not to incriminate oneself,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Right to remain silent – Right not to incriminate oneself",, |
| 5.3.13.23.2,Right not to testify against spouse/close family,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Right to remain silent – Right not to testify against spouse/close family",, |
| 5.3.13.24,Right to be informed about the reasons of detention,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Right to be informed about the reasons of detention",, |
| 5.3.13.25,Right to be informed about the charges,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Right to be informed about the charges",, |
| 5.3.13.26,Right to have adequate time and facilities for the preparation of the case,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Right to have adequate time and facilities for the preparation of the case",, |
| 5.3.13.27,Right to counsel,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Right to counsel",, |
| 5.3.13.27.1,Right to paid legal assistance,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Right to counsel – Right to paid legal assistance",, |
| 5.3.13.28,Right to examine witnesses,"Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Procedural safeguards, rights of the defence and fair trial – Right to examine witnesses",, |
| 5.3.14,Ne bis in idem,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Ne bis in idem,, |
| 5.3.15,Rights of victims of crime,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Rights of victims of crime,, |
| 5.3.16,Principle of the application of the more lenient law,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Principle of the application of the more lenient law,, |
| 5.3.17,Right to compensation for damage caused by the State,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to compensation for damage caused by the State,, |
| 5.3.18,Freedom of conscience,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Freedom of conscience,122.0,Covers freedom of religion as an individual right. Its collective aspects are included under the keyword “Freedom of worship” below. |
| 5.3.19,Freedom of opinion,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Freedom of opinion,, |
| 5.3.20,Freedom of worship,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Freedom of worship,, |
| 5.3.21,Freedom of expression,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Freedom of expression,123.0,This keyword also includes the right to freely communicate information. |
| 5.3.22,Freedom of the written press,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Freedom of the written press,, |
| 5.3.23,Rights in respect of the audiovisual media and other means of mass communication,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Rights in respect of the audiovisual media and other means of mass communication,, |
| 5.3.24,Right to information,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to information,, |
| 5.3.25,Right to administrative transparency,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to administrative transparency,, |
| 5.3.25.1,Right of access to administrative documents,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to administrative transparency – Right of access to administrative documents,, |
| 5.3.26,National service,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – National service,124.0,"Militia, conscientious objection, etc." |
| 5.3.27,Freedom of association,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Freedom of association,, |
| 5.3.28,Freedom of assembly,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Freedom of assembly,, |
| 5.3.29,Right to participate in public affairs,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to participate in public affairs,, |
| 5.3.29.1,Right to participate in political activity,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to participate in public affairs – Right to participate in political activity,, |
| 5.3.30,Right of resistance,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right of resistance,, |
| 5.3.31,Right to respect for one's honour and reputation,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to respect for one's honour and reputation,, |
| 5.3.32,Right to private life,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to private life,, |
| 5.3.32.1,Protection of personal data,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to private life – Protection of personal data,, |
| 5.3.33,Right to family life,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to family life,125.0,Aspects of the use of names are included either here or under “Right to private life”. |
| 5.3.33.1,Descent,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to family life – Descent,, |
| 5.3.33.2,Succession,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to family life – Succession,, |
| 5.3.34,Right to marriage,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to marriage,, |
| 5.3.35,Inviolability of the home,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Inviolability of the home,, |
| 5.3.36,Inviolability of communications,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Inviolability of communications,, |
| 5.3.36.1,Correspondence,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Inviolability of communications – Correspondence,, |
| 5.3.36.2,Telephonic communications,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Inviolability of communications – Telephonic communications,, |
| 5.3.36.3,Electronic communications,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Inviolability of communications – Electronic communications,, |
| 5.3.37,Right of petition,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right of petition,, |
| 5.3.38,Non-retrospective effect of law,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Non-retrospective effect of law,, |
| 5.3.38.1,Criminal law,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Non-retrospective effect of law – Criminal law,, |
| 5.3.38.2,Civil law,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Non-retrospective effect of law – Civil law,, |
| 5.3.38.3,Social law,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Non-retrospective effect of law – Social law,, |
| 5.3.38.4,Taxation law,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Non-retrospective effect of law – Taxation law,, |
| 5.3.39,Right to property,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to property,126.0,Including compensation issues. |
| 5.3.39.1,Expropriation,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to property – Expropriation,, |
| 5.3.39.2,Nationalisation,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to property – Nationalisation,, |
| 5.3.39.3,Other limitations,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to property – Other limitations,, |
| 5.3.39.4,Privatisation,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to property – Privatisation,, |
| 5.3.40,Linguistic freedom,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Linguistic freedom,, |
| 5.3.41,Electoral rights,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Electoral rights,, |
| 5.3.41.1,Right to vote,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Electoral rights – Right to vote,, |
| 5.3.41.2,Right to stand for election,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Electoral rights – Right to stand for election,, |
| 5.3.41.3,Freedom of voting,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Electoral rights – Freedom of voting,, |
| 5.3.41.4,Secret ballot,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Electoral rights – Secret ballot,, |
| 5.3.41.5,Direct / indirect ballot,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Electoral rights – Direct / indirect ballot,, |
| 5.3.41.6,Frequency and regularity of elections,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Electoral rights – Frequency and regularity of elections,, |
| 5.3.42,Rights in respect of taxation,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Rights in respect of taxation,, |
| 5.3.43,Right to self fulfilment,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Right to self fulfilment,, |
| 5.3.44,Rights of the child,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Rights of the child,, |
| 5.3.45,Protection of minorities and persons belonging to minorities,Fundamental Rights – Civil and political rights – Protection of minorities and persons belonging to minorities,, |
| 5.4,"Economic, social and cultural rights","Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights",, |
| 5.4.1,Freedom to teach,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Freedom to teach",, |
| 5.4.2,Right to education,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Right to education",, |
| 5.4.3,Right to work,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Right to work",, |
| 5.4.4,Freedom to choose one's profession,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Freedom to choose one's profession",127.0,This keyword also covers “Freedom of work”. |
| 5.4.5,Freedom to work for remuneration,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Freedom to work for remuneration",, |
| 5.4.6,Commercial and industrial freedom,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Commercial and industrial freedom",128.0,This should also cover the term freedom of enterprise. |
| 5.4.7,Consumer protection,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Consumer protection",, |
| 5.4.8,Freedom of contract,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Freedom of contract",, |
| 5.4.9,Right of access to the public service,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Right of access to the public service",, |
| 5.4.10,Right to strike,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Right to strike",, |
| 5.4.11,Freedom of trade unions,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Freedom of trade unions",129.0,"Includes rights of the individual with respect to trade unions, rights of trade unions and the right to conclude collective labour agreements." |
| 5.4.12,Right to intellectual property,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Right to intellectual property",, |
| 5.4.13,Right to housing,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Right to housing",, |
| 5.4.14,Right to social security,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Right to social security",, |
| 5.4.15,Right to unemployment benefits,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Right to unemployment benefits",, |
| 5.4.16,Right to a pension,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Right to a pension",, |
| 5.4.17,Right to just and decent working conditions,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Right to just and decent working conditions",, |
| 5.4.18,Right to a sufficient standard of living,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Right to a sufficient standard of living",, |
| 5.4.19,Right to health,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Right to health",, |
| 5.4.20,Right to culture,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Right to culture",, |
| 5.4.21,Scientific freedom,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Scientific freedom",, |
| 5.4.22,Artistic freedom,"Fundamental Rights – Economic, social and cultural rights – Artistic freedom",, |
| 5.5,Collective rights,Fundamental Rights – Collective rights,, |
| 5.5.1,Right to the environment,Fundamental Rights – Collective rights – Right to the environment,, |
| 5.5.2,Right to development,Fundamental Rights – Collective rights – Right to development,, |
| 5.5.3,Right to peace,Fundamental Rights – Collective rights – Right to peace,, |
| 5.5.4,Right to self-determination,Fundamental Rights – Collective rights – Right to self-determination,, |
| 5.5.5,"Rights of aboriginal peoples, ancestral rights","Fundamental Rights – Collective rights – Rights of aboriginal peoples, ancestral rights",, |
