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| npm command-line interface
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| <section id="content">
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| <header class="title">
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| <h1 id="----package-spec----11130">
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| <span>Package spec</span>
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| <span class="version">@11.13.0</span>
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| </h1>
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| <span class="description">Package name specifier</span>
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| </header>
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| <section id="table_of_contents">
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| <h2 id="table-of-contents">Table of contents</h2>
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| <div id="_table_of_contents"><ul><li><a href="#description">Description</a></li><li><a href="#package-name">Package name</a></li><li><a href="#aliases">Aliases</a></li><li><a href="#folders">Folders</a></li><li><a href="#tarballs">Tarballs</a></li><li><a href="#git-urls">git urls</a></li><li><a href="#see-also">See also</a></li></ul></div>
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| </section>
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| <div id="_content"><h3 id="description">Description</h3>
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| <p>Commands like <code>npm install</code> and the dependency sections in the <code>package.json</code> use a package name specifier.
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| This can be many different things that all refer to a "package". Examples include a package name, git url, tarball, or local directory.
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| These will generally be referred to as <code><package-spec></code> in the help output for the npm commands that use this package name specifier.</p>
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| <h3 id="package-name">Package name</h3>
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| <ul>
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| <li><code>[<@scope>/]<pkg></code></li>
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| <li><code>[<@scope>/]<pkg>@<tag></code></li>
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| <li><code>[<@scope>/]<pkg>@<version></code></li>
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| <li><code>[<@scope>/]<pkg>@<version range></code></li>
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| </ul>
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| <p>Refers to a package by name, with or without a scope, and optionally tag, version, or version range.
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| This is typically used in combination with the <a href="../using-npm/config#registry.html">registry</a> config to refer to a package in a registry.</p>
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| <p>Examples:</p>
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| <ul>
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| <li><code>npm</code></li>
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| <li><code>@npmcli/arborist</code></li>
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| <li><code>@npmcli/arborist@latest</code></li>
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| <li><code>npm@6.13.1</code></li>
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| <li><code>npm@^4.0.0</code></li>
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| </ul>
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| <h3 id="aliases">Aliases</h3>
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| <ul>
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| <li><code><alias>@npm:<name></code></li>
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| </ul>
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| <p>Primarily used by commands like <code>npm install</code> and in the dependency sections in the <code>package.json</code>, this refers to a package by an alias.
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| The <code><alias></code> is the name of the package as it is reified in the <code>node_modules</code> folder, and the <code><name></code> refers to a package name as found in the configured registry.</p>
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| <p>See <code>Package name</code> above for more info on referring to a package by name, and <a href="../using-npm/config#registry.html">registry</a> for configuring which registry is used when referring to a package by name.</p>
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| <p>Examples:</p>
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| <ul>
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| <li><code>semver@npm:@npmcli/semver-with-patch</code></li>
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| <li><code>semver@npm:semver@7.2.2</code></li>
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| <li><code>semver@npm:semver@legacy</code></li>
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| </ul>
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| <h3 id="folders">Folders</h3>
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| <ul>
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| <li><code><folder></code></li>
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| </ul>
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| <p>This refers to a package on the local filesystem.
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| Specifically this is a folder with a <code>package.json</code> file in it.
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| This <em>should</em> always be prefixed with a <code>/</code> or <code>./</code> (or your OS equivalent) to reduce confusion.
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| npm currently will parse a string with more than one <code>/</code> in it as a folder, but this is legacy behavior that may be removed in a future version.</p>
|
| <p>Examples:</p>
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| <ul>
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| <li><code>./my-package</code></li>
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| <li><code>/opt/npm/my-package</code></li>
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| </ul>
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| <h3 id="tarballs">Tarballs</h3>
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| <ul>
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| <li><code><tarball file></code></li>
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| <li><code><tarball url></code></li>
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| </ul>
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| <p>Examples:</p>
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| <ul>
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| <li><code>./my-package.tgz</code></li>
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| <li><code>https://registry.npmjs.org/semver/-/semver-1.0.0.tgz</code></li>
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| </ul>
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| <p>Refers to a package in a tarball format, either on the local filesystem or remotely via url.
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| This is the format that packages exist in when uploaded to a registry.</p>
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| <h3 id="git-urls">git urls</h3>
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| <ul>
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| <li><code><git:// url></code></li>
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| <li><code><github username>/<github project></code></li>
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| </ul>
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| <p>Refers to a package in a git repo.
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| This can be a full git url, git shorthand, or a username/package on GitHub.
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| You can specify a git tag, branch, or other git ref by appending <code>#ref</code>.</p>
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| <p>Examples:</p>
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| <ul>
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| <li><code>https://github.com/npm/cli.git</code></li>
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| <li><code>git@github.com:npm/cli.git</code></li>
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| <li><code>git+ssh://git@github.com/npm/cli#v6.0.0</code></li>
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| <li><code>github:npm/cli#HEAD</code></li>
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| <li><code>npm/cli#c12ea07</code></li>
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| </ul>
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| <h3 id="see-also">See also</h3>
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| <ul>
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| <li><a href="https://npm.im/npm-package-arg">npm-package-arg</a></li>
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| <li><a href="../using-npm/scope.html">scope</a></li>
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| <li><a href="../using-npm/config.html">config</a></li>
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| </ul></div>
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