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| <html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ANSI_X3.4-1968"><title>proc</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docbook.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><link rel="home" href="cygwin-ug-net.html" title="Cygwin User's Guide"><link rel="up" href="using-specialnames.html#pathnames-proc" title="The /proc filesystem"><link rel="prev" href="using-specialnames.html" title="Special filenames"><link rel="next" href="using-cygwinenv.html" title="The CYGWIN environment variable"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">proc</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="using-specialnames.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">The /proc filesystem</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using-cygwinenv.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="refentry"><a name="proc"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>proc — process and system information pseudo-filesystem</p></div><div class="refsect1"><a name="proc-desc"></a><h2>Description</h2><p>The <code class="filename">proc</code> filesystem is a pseudo-filesystem |
| which provides an interface to Cygwin data structures. |
| It is commonly mounted at <code class="filename">/proc</code>. |
| Typically, it is mounted automatically by the system. |
| </p><div class="refsect2"><a name="proc-overview"></a><h3>Overview</h3><p>Underneath <code class="filename">/proc</code>, there are the following |
| general groups of files and subdirectories: |
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span></code> subdirectories</span></dt><dd><p>Each one of these subdirectories contains files and |
| subdirectories exposing information about the process with the |
| corresponding process id. |
| </p><p>The <code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span></code> subdirectories are |
| visible when iterating through <code class="filename">/proc</code> with |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">readdir</span>(2)</span> |
| (and thus are visible when one uses |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ls</span>(1)</span> |
| to view the contents of <code class="filename">/proc</code>). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/self</code></span></dt><dd><p>When a process accesses this magic symbolic link, it resolves |
| to the process's own <code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span></code> directory. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[a-z]*</em></span></code></span></dt><dd><p>Various other files and subdirectories under |
| <code class="filename">/proc</code> expose system-wide information. |
| </p></dd></dl></div><p>All of the above are described in more detail below. |
| </p></div><div class="refsect2"><a name="proc-files-and-directories"></a><h3>Files and directories</h3><p> |
| The following list provides details of many of the files |
| and directories under the <code class="filename">/proc</code> hierarchy. |
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span></code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| There is a numerical subdirectory for each running |
| process; the subdirectory is named by the process id. |
| Each <code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span></code> subdirectory |
| contains the pseudo-files and directories described below. |
| </p><p>The files inside each <code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span></code> |
| directory are normally owned by the effective user and |
| effective group id of the process. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/cmdline</code></span></dt><dd><p>This read-only file holds the complete command line for the |
| process, unless the process is a zombie. |
| In the latter case, there is nothing in this file: that is, a |
| read on this file will return 0 characters. |
| The command-line arguments appear in this file as a set of |
| strings followed by null bytes ('\0'). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/ctty</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This read-only file holds the name of the console or control |
| terminal device for the process, unless the process is detached |
| from any terminal. |
| In the latter case, there is only a newline in this file. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/cwd</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This is a symbolic link to the current working directory of the |
| process. |
| To find out the current working directory of process 20, for |
| instance, you can do this: |
|
|
| </p><pre class="screen"> |
| <code class="prompt">$</code> <strong class="userinput"><code>cd /proc/20/cwd; /bin/pwd</code></strong> |
| </pre><p> |
| </p><p>Note that the <span class="emphasis"><em>pwd</em></span> command |
| is often a shell built-in, and might not work properly. In |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bash</span>(1)</span>, |
| you may use <strong class="userinput"><code>pwd -P</code></strong>. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/environ</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This read-only file contains the current environment that may |
| have been changed by the currently executing program. |
| The entries are separated by null bytes ('\0'), |
| and there may be a null byte at the end. |
| Thus, to print out the environment of process 1, you would do: |
|
|
| </p><pre class="screen"> |
| <code class="prompt">$</code> <strong class="userinput"><code>cat -A /proc/1/environ</code></strong> |
| </pre><p> |
| </p><p>If, after an |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">execve</span>(2)</span>, |
| the process modifies its environment (e.g., by calling |
| functions such as |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">putenv</span>(3)</span> |
| or modifying the |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">environ</span>(7)</span> |
| variable directly), this file will reflect those changes. |
| That may not be the case on other systems such as Linux. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/exe</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This file is a symbolic link containing the actual pathname of |
| the executed command. |
| This symbolic link can be dereferenced normally; attempting to |
| open it will open the executable. |
| You can even type <code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/exe</code> |
| to run another copy of the same executable that is being run by |
| process <span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>. |
| <code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/exe</code> is a pointer to |
| the binary which was executed, and appears as a symbolic link. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/exename</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This read-only file contains the actual pathname of the executed |
| command. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/fd/</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This is a subdirectory containing one entry for each |
| file which the process has open, named by its file |
| descriptor, and which is a symbolic link to the actual |
| file. |
| Thus, 0 is standard input, 1 standard output, 2 standard |
| error, and so on. |
| </p><p> |
| For file descriptors for pipes and sockets, the entries will |
| be symbolic links whose content is the file type with the |
| inode. A |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">readlink</span>(2)</span> |
| call on this file returns a string in the format: |
| <code class="literal">type:<span class="emphasis"><em>[inode]</em></span></code> |
| </p><p>For example, <code class="literal">socket:[2248868]</code> |
| will be a socket and its inode is 2248868. |
| </p><p> |
| Programs that take a filename as a command-line argument, but |
| don't take input from standard input if no argument is supplied, |
| and programs that write to a file named as a command-line |
| argument, but don't send their output to standard output if no |
| argument is supplied, can nevertheless be made to use standard |
| input or standard output by using |
| <code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/fd</code> files as command-line |
| arguments. |
| For example, assuming that <code class="option">-i</code> is the flag |
| designating an input file and <code class="option">-o</code> is the flag |
| designating an output file: |
|
|
| </p><pre class="screen"> |
| <code class="prompt">$</code> <strong class="userinput"><code>foobar -i /proc/self/fd/0 -o /proc/self/fd/1 ...</code></strong> |
| </pre><p> |
|
|
| and you have a working filter. |
| </p><p><code class="filename">/proc/self/fd/N</code> is approximately |
| the same as <code class="filename">/dev/fd/N</code> in some Unix |
| and Unix-like systems. |
| Most Linux <span class="command"><strong>makedev</strong></span> scripts symbolically |
| link <code class="filename">/dev/fd</code> to |
| <code class="filename">/proc/self/fd</code>, in fact. |
| </p><p>Most systems provide symbolic links |
| <code class="filename">/dev/stdin</code>, |
| <code class="filename">/dev/stdout</code>, and |
| <code class="filename">/dev/stderr</code>, which respectively link |
| to the files <code class="literal">0</code>, <code class="literal">1</code>, |
| and <code class="literal">2</code> in <code class="filename">/proc/self/fd</code>. |
| Thus the example command above could be written as: |
|
|
| </p><pre class="screen"> |
| <code class="prompt">$</code> <strong class="userinput"><code>foobar -i /dev/stdin -o /dev/stdout ...</code></strong> |
| </pre><p> |
| </p><p> |
| Note that for file descriptors referring to inodes (pipes and |
| sockets, see above), those inodes still have permission bits and |
| ownership information distinct from those of the |
| <code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/fd</code> entry, and that the |
| owner may differ from the user and group ids of the process. |
| An unprivileged process may lack permissions to open them, as in |
| this example: |
|
|
| </p><pre class="screen"> |
| <code class="prompt">$</code> <strong class="userinput"><code>echo test | sudo -u nobody cat</code></strong> |
| <code class="computeroutput">test</code> |
| <code class="prompt">$</code> <strong class="userinput"><code>echo test | sudo -u nobody cat /proc/self/fd/0</code></strong> |
| <code class="computeroutput">cat: /proc/self/fd/0: Permission denied</code> |
| </pre><p> |
| </p><p> |
| File descriptor 0 refers to the pipe created by the shell and |
| owned by that shell's user, which is not |
| <code class="literal">nobody</code>, so <span class="command"><strong>cat</strong></span> |
| does not have permission to create a new file descriptor to |
| read from that inode, even though it can still read from its |
| existing file descriptor 0. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/gid</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This read-only file contains the primary group id for the |
| process. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/maps</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| A file containing the currently mapped memory regions and their |
| access permissions. See |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mmap</span>(2)</span> |
| for some further information about memory mappings. |
| </p><p>The format of the file is: |
|
|
| </p><pre class="screen"> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>address perms offset dev inode pathname</em></span> |
| <code class="computeroutput"> |
| 00010000-00020000 rw-s 00000000 0000:0000 0 [win heap 1 default shared] |
| ... |
| 00080000-00082000 rw-p 00000000 0000:0000 0 [win heap 0 default grow] |
| 00082000-0009A000 ===p 00002000 0000:0000 0 [win heap 0 default grow] |
| 000A0000-000A1000 rw-p 00000000 0000:0000 0 [win heap 2 grow] |
| 000A1000-000BA000 ===p 00001000 0000:0000 0 [win heap 2 grow] |
| 000C0000-000D9000 rw-p 00000000 0000:0000 0 [win heap 0 default grow] |
| 000D9000-001C0000 ===p 00019000 0000:0000 0 [win heap 0 default grow] |
| 00200000-00377000 ===p 00000000 0000:0000 0 |
| 00377000-00378000 rw-p 00177000 0000:0000 0 [peb] |
| 00378000-0037A000 rw-p 00178000 0000:0000 0 [teb (tid 8844)] |
| ... |
| 00400000-005F9000 ===p 00000000 0000:0000 0 [stack (tid 8884)] |
| 005F9000-005FC000 rw-g 001F9000 0000:0000 0 [stack (tid 8884)] |
| 005FC000-00600000 rw-p 001FC000 0000:0000 0 [stack (tid 8884)] |
| 00600000-006C7000 r--s 00000000 EE45:4341 281474976741117 /proc/cygdrive/c/Windows/System32/locale.nls |
| ... |
| 100400000-100401000 r--p 00000000 EE45:4341 281474978095037 /usr/bin/sh.exe |
| 100401000-100413000 r-xp 00001000 EE45:4341 281474978095037 /usr/bin/sh.exe |
| 100413000-100414000 rw-p 00013000 EE45:4341 281474978095037 /usr/bin/sh.exe |
| ... |
| 180010000-180020000 rw-s 00000000 0000:0000 0 [procinfo] |
| 180020000-180029000 rw-s 00000000 0000:0000 0 [cygwin-user-shared] |
| 180030000-18003C000 rw-s 00000000 0000:0000 0 [cygwin-shared] |
| 180040000-180041000 r--p 00000000 EE45:4341 2251799814294868 /usr/bin/cygwin1.dll |
| 180041000-18022D000 r-xp 00001000 EE45:4341 2251799814294868 /usr/bin/cygwin1.dll |
| 18022D000-180231000 rwxp 001ED000 EE45:4341 2251799814294868 /usr/bin/cygwin1.dll |
| 180231000-18026A000 rw-p 001F1000 EE45:4341 2251799814294868 /usr/bin/cygwin1.dll |
| ... |
| 800000000-800090000 rw-p 00000000 0000:0000 0 [heap] |
| 800090000-820000000 ===p 00090000 0000:0000 0 [heap] |
| 7FF4FDEB0000-7FF4FDEB5000 r--s 00000000 0000:0000 0 |
| 7FF4FDEB5000-7FF4FDFB0000 ===s 00005000 0000:0000 0 |
| 7FF4FDFB0000-7FF5FDFD0000 ===p 00000000 0000:0000 0 |
| ... |
| 7FFBEEAC0000-7FFBEEAC1000 r--p 00000000 EE45:4341 844424934724994 /proc/cygdrive/c/Windows/System32/kernel32.dll |
| 7FFBEEAC1000-7FFBEEB36000 r-xp 00001000 EE45:4341 844424934724994 /proc/cygdrive/c/Windows/System32/kernel32.dll |
| 7FFBEEB36000-7FFBEEB68000 r--p 00076000 EE45:4341 844424934724994 /proc/cygdrive/c/Windows/System32/kernel32.dll |
| 7FFBEEB68000-7FFBEEB6A000 rw-p 000A8000 EE45:4341 844424934724994 /proc/cygdrive/c/Windows/System32/kernel32.dll |
| 7FFBEEB6A000-7FFBEEB72000 r--p 000AA000 EE45:4341 844424934724994 /proc/cygdrive/c/Windows/System32/kernel32.dll |
| ... |
| </code> |
| </pre><p> |
| </p><p>The <code class="literal">address</code> field is the address |
| space in the process that the mapping occupies. |
| The <code class="literal">perms</code> field is a set of permissions: |
|
|
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">r</span></dt><dd><p>read</p></dd><dt><span class="term">w</span></dt><dd><p>write</p></dd><dt><span class="term">x</span></dt><dd><p>execute</p></dd><dt><span class="term">===</span></dt><dd><p>reserved</p></dd><dt><span class="term">s</span></dt><dd><p>shared</p></dd><dt><span class="term">g</span></dt><dd><p>guard</p></dd><dt><span class="term">p</span></dt><dd><p>private</p></dd></dl></div><p> |
| </p><p>The <code class="literal">offset</code> field is the offset |
| into the file/whatever; |
| <code class="literal">dev</code> is the device (major:minor); |
| <code class="literal">inode</code> is the inode on that device. |
| 0 indicates that no inode is associated with the memory |
| region, as would be the case with BSS (uninitialized data). |
| </p><p>The <code class="literal">pathname</code> field will usually |
| be the file that is backing the mapping. |
| </p><p>There are additional helpful pseudo-paths: |
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">[<code class="literal">cygwin-shared</code>]</span></dt><dd><p>Global shared Cygwin process information.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">[<code class="literal">cygwin-user-shared</code>]</span></dt><dd><p>Global shared Cygwin user information.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">[<code class="literal">peb</code>]</span></dt><dd><p>Windows Process Environment Block.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">[<code class="literal">procinfo</code>]</span></dt><dd><p>Cygwin process information.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">[<code class="literal">shared-user-data</code>]</span></dt><dd><p>Shared user information.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">[<code class="literal">heap</code>]</span></dt><dd><p>The process's heap.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">[<code class="literal">stack</code>]</span></dt><dd><p> |
| The initial process's (also known as the main |
| thread's) stack. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">[<code class="literal">stack</code> |
| (tid <code class="literal"><tid></code>)] |
| </span></dt><dd><p> |
| A thread's stack (where the |
| <code class="literal"><tid></code> is a thread id). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">[<code class="literal">teb</code> |
| (tid <code class="literal"><tid></code>)] |
| </span></dt><dd><p> |
| Windows Thread Environment Block (where |
| <code class="literal"><tid></code> is a thread id). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">[<code class="literal">win heap <n> |
| default shared exec grow noserial debug</code>] |
| </span></dt><dd><p> |
| Windows extended heap (where |
| <code class="literal"><n></code> is a heap id) |
| and the rest of the words are heap flags: |
|
|
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">default</code></span></dt><dd><p>default heap flags</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">shared</code></span></dt><dd><p>shareable and mapped heap flags</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">exec</code></span></dt><dd><p>executable heap flag</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">grow</code></span></dt><dd><p>growable heap flag</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">noserial</code></span></dt><dd><p>do not serialize heap flag</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">debug</code></span></dt><dd><p>debugged heap flag</p></dd></dl></div><p> |
| </p></dd></dl></div><p> |
| </p><p>If the <code class="filename">pathname</code> field is blank, |
| this is an anonymous mapping as obtained via |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mmap</span>(2)</span>. |
| There is no easy way to coordinate this back to a process's |
| source, short of running it through |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gdb</span>(1)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">strace</span>(1)</span>, |
| or similar. |
| </p><p> |
| <code class="filename">pathname</code> is shown unescaped except |
| for newline characters, which are replaced with an |
| octal escape sequence. |
| As a result, it is not possible to determine whether the |
| original <code class="filename">pathname</code> contained a newline |
| character or the literal <code class="literal">\e012</code> |
| character sequence. |
| </p><p> |
| If the mapping is file-backed and the file has been deleted, |
| the string "<code class="literal"> (deleted)</code>" |
| is appended to the <code class="filename">pathname</code>. |
| Note that this is ambiguous too. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/mountinfo</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This file contains information about mount points in the |
| process's mount namespace (see |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mount_namespaces</span>(7)</span>). |
| It supplies various information (e.g., propagation state, root |
| of mount for bind mounts, identifier for each mount and its |
| parent) that is missing from the (older) |
| <code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/mounts</code> |
| file, and fixes various other problems with that file (e.g., |
| nonextensibility, failure to distinguish per-mount versus |
| per-superblock options). |
| </p><p>The file contains lines of the form:</p><pre class="screen"> |
| <code class="computeroutput"> |
| 36 35 98:0 /mnt1 /mnt2 rw,noatime master:1 - ext3 /dev/root rw,errors=continue |
| (1)(2)(3) (4) (5) (6) (?) (7) (8) (9) (10) |
| </code> |
| </pre><p> |
| The numbers in parentheses are labels for the descriptions below: |
|
|
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">(1)</span></dt><dd><p>mount id: a unique id for the mount (may be reused after |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">umount</span>(2)</span>). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(2)</span></dt><dd><p>parent id: the id of the parent mount (or of self for |
| the root of this mount namespace's mount tree). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(3)</span></dt><dd><p><span class="emphasis"><em>major</em></span><code class="literal">:</code><span class="emphasis"><em>minor</em></span>: |
| the value of <code class="literal">st_dev</code> |
| for files on this filesystem (see |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">stat</span>(2)</span>). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(4)</span></dt><dd><p>root: the pathname of the directory in the filesystem |
| which forms the root of this mount. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(5)</span></dt><dd><p>mount point: the pathname of the mount point relative to |
| the process's root directory. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(6)</span></dt><dd><p>mount options: per-mount options (see |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mount</span>(2)</span>). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(?)</span></dt><dd><p>optional fields: zero or more fields of the form |
| "<span class="emphasis"><em>tag</em></span><code class="literal">[:</code><span class="emphasis"><em>value</em></span><code class="literal">]</code>"; |
| see below. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(7)</span></dt><dd><p>separator: the end of the optional fields is marked by a |
| single hyphen. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(8)</span></dt><dd><p>filesystem type: the filesystem type in the form |
| "<span class="emphasis"><em>type</em></span><code class="literal">[.</code><span class="emphasis"><em>subtype</em></span><code class="literal">]</code>". |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(9)</span></dt><dd><p>mount source: filesystem-specific information or |
| "<code class="literal">none</code>". |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(10)</span></dt><dd><p>super options: per-superblock options (see |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mount</span>(2)</span>). |
| </p></dd></dl></div><p> |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/mounts</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This file lists all the filesystems currently mounted in the |
| process's mount namespace (see |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mount_namespaces</span>(7)</span>). |
| The format of this file is documented in |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">fstab</span>(5)</span>. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/pgid</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This read-only file contains the process group id for the |
| process. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/ppid</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This read-only file contains the parent process id for the |
| process. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/root</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| UNIX and Linux support the idea of a per-process root of the |
| filesystem, set by the |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">chroot</span>(2)</span> system call. |
| This file is a symbolic link that points to the process's root |
| directory, and behaves in the same way as |
| <code class="filename">exe</code>, and |
| <code class="filename">fd/*</code>. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/sid</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This read-only file contains the session id for the process. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/stat</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| Status information about the process. |
| This is used by some implementations of |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ps</span>(1)</span>. |
| </p><p> |
| The fields, in order, with their proper |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">scanf</span>(3)</span> format specifiers, are listed below. |
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">(1) <span class="emphasis"><em>pid</em></span> %d</span></dt><dd><p>The process id.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(2) <span class="emphasis"><em>comm</em></span> %s</span></dt><dd><p> |
| The filename of the executable, in parentheses. |
| This is visible whether or not the executable is swapped |
| out. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(3) <span class="emphasis"><em>state</em></span> %c</span></dt><dd><p> |
| One of the following characters, indicating process state: |
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">R</span></dt><dd><p>Runnable</p></dd><dt><span class="term">O</span></dt><dd><p>Running</p></dd><dt><span class="term">S</span></dt><dd><p>Sleeping in an interruptible wait</p></dd><dt><span class="term">D</span></dt><dd><p>Waiting in uninterruptible disk sleep</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Z</span></dt><dd><p>Zombie</p></dd><dt><span class="term">T</span></dt><dd><p>Stopped (on a signal) or trace stopped</p></dd></dl></div></dd><dt><span class="term">(4) <span class="emphasis"><em>ppid</em></span> %d</span></dt><dd><p>The PID of the parent of this process.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(5) <span class="emphasis"><em>pgrp</em></span> %d</span></dt><dd><p>The process group id of the process.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(6) <span class="emphasis"><em>session</em></span> %d</span></dt><dd><p>The session id of the process.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(7) <span class="emphasis"><em>tty_nr</em></span> %d</span></dt><dd><p> |
| The controlling terminal of the process. |
| (The minor device number is contained in the combination |
| of bits 31 to 20 and 7 to 0; the major device number is in |
| bits 15 to 8.) |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(8) <span class="emphasis"><em>tpgid</em></span> %d</span></dt><dd><p> |
| The id of the foreground process group of the controlling |
| terminal of the process. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(9) <span class="emphasis"><em>flags</em></span> %u</span></dt><dd><p>The kernel flags word of the process.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(10) <span class="emphasis"><em>minflt</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p> |
| The number of minor faults the process has made which have |
| not required loading a memory page from disk. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(11) <span class="emphasis"><em>cminflt</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p> |
| The number of minor faults that the process's waited-for |
| children have made. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(12) <span class="emphasis"><em>majflt</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p> |
| The number of major faults the process has made which have |
| required loading a memory page from disk. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(13) <span class="emphasis"><em>cmajflt</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p> |
| The number of major faults that the process's waited-for |
| children have made. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(14) <span class="emphasis"><em>utime</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p> |
| Amount of time that this process has been scheduled in |
| user mode, measured in clock ticks (divide by |
| <code class="literal">sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK)</code>). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(15) <span class="emphasis"><em>stime</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p> |
| Amount of time that this process has been scheduled in |
| kernel mode, measured in clock ticks (divide by |
| <code class="literal">sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK)</code>). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(16) <span class="emphasis"><em>cutime</em></span> %ld</span></dt><dd><p> |
| Amount of time that this process's waited-for children |
| have been scheduled in user mode, measured in clock ticks |
| (divide by <code class="literal">sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK)</code>). |
| (See also |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">times</span>(2)</span>). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(17) <span class="emphasis"><em>cstime</em></span> %ld</span></dt><dd><p> |
| Amount of time that this process's waited-for children |
| have been scheduled in kernel mode, measured in clock |
| ticks (divide by <code class="literal">sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK)</code>). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(18) <span class="emphasis"><em>priority</em></span> %ld</span></dt><dd><p> |
| For processes running a real-time scheduling policy |
| (<span class="emphasis"><em>policy</em></span> below; see |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sched_setscheduler</span>(2)</span>), |
| this is the negated scheduling priority, minus one; that |
| is, a number in the range -2 to -100, corresponding to |
| real-time priorities 1 to 99. For processes running |
| under a non-real-time scheduling policy, this is the raw |
| nice value |
| (<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">setpriority</span>(2)</span>) |
| as represented in the kernel. |
| The kernel stores nice values as numbers in the range 0 |
| (high) to 39 (low), corresponding to the user-visible nice |
| range of -20 to 19. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(19) <span class="emphasis"><em>nice</em></span> %ld</span></dt><dd><p> |
| The nice value (see |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">setpriority</span>(2)</span>), a value in the range 19 (low priority) |
| to -20 (high priority). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(20) <span class="emphasis"><em>num_threads</em></span> %ld</span></dt><dd><p> |
| Number of threads in this process. Currently shown as 0. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(21) <span class="emphasis"><em>itrealvalue</em></span> %ld</span></dt><dd><p> |
| The time in jiffies before the next |
| <code class="literal">SIGALRM</code> |
| is sent to the process due to an interval timer. |
| This field is no longer maintained, and is hard coded as 0. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(22) <span class="emphasis"><em>starttime</em></span> %llu</span></dt><dd><p> |
| The time the process started after system boot. |
| The value is expressed in clock ticks (divide by |
| <code class="literal">sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK)</code>). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(23) <span class="emphasis"><em>vsize</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p>Virtual memory size in bytes.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(24) <span class="emphasis"><em>rss</em></span> %ld</span></dt><dd><p> |
| Resident Set Size: number of pages the process has in real |
| memory. |
| This is just the pages which count toward text, data, or |
| stack space. |
| This does not include pages which have not been |
| demand-loaded in, or which are swapped out. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(25) <span class="emphasis"><em>rsslim</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p> |
| Current soft limit in bytes on the rss of the process; see |
| the description of <code class="literal">RLIMIT_RSS</code> in |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">getrlimit</span>(2)</span>. |
| </p></dd></dl></div></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/statm</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| Provides information about memory usage, measured in pages. |
| The columns are: |
|
|
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">(1) size</span></dt><dd><p>total program size |
| (same as VmSize in <code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/status</code>)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(2) resident</span></dt><dd><p>resident set size |
| (same as VmRSS in <code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/status</code>)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(3) shared</span></dt><dd><p>number of resident shared pages |
| (i.e., backed by a file) (same as RssFile+RssShmem in |
| <code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/status</code>)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(4) text</span></dt><dd><p>text (code)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(5) lib</span></dt><dd><p>library</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(6) data</span></dt><dd><p>data + stack</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(7) dt</span></dt><dd><p>dirty pages (always 0)</p></dd></dl></div><p> |
|
|
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/status</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| Provides much of the information in |
| <code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/stat</code> and |
| <code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/statm</code> |
| in a format that's easier for humans to parse. |
| Here's an example: |
|
|
| </p><pre class="screen"> |
| <code class="prompt">$</code> <strong class="userinput"><code>cat /proc/$$/status</code></strong> |
| <code class="computeroutput"> |
| Name: bash |
| Umask: 0022 |
| State: S (sleeping) |
| Tgid: 17248 |
| Pid: 17248 |
| PPid: 17200 |
| Uid: 1000 1000 1000 1000 |
| Gid: 100 100 100 100 |
| VmSize: 131168 kB |
| VmLck: 0 kB |
| VmRSS: 13484 kB |
| VmData: 10332 kB |
| VmStk: 136 kB |
| VmExe: 992 kB |
| VmLib: 2104 kB |
| SigPnd: 0000000000000000 |
| SigBlk: 0000000000010000 |
| SigIgn: 0000000000384004 |
| </code> |
| </pre><p> |
|
|
| </p><p>The fields are as follows: |
| </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>Name</em></span>: |
| Command run by this process. |
| </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>Umask</em></span>: |
| Process umask, expressed in octal with a leading zero; see |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">umask</span>(2)</span>. |
| </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>State</em></span>: |
| Current state of the process. |
| One of: |
|
|
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">R</span></dt><dd><p>runnable</p></dd><dt><span class="term">O</span></dt><dd><p>running</p></dd><dt><span class="term">S</span></dt><dd><p>sleeping</p></dd><dt><span class="term">D</span></dt><dd><p>disk sleep</p></dd><dt><span class="term">T</span></dt><dd><p>stopped or tracing stop</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Z</span></dt><dd><p>zombie</p></dd></dl></div><p> |
| </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>Tgid</em></span>: |
| Thread group id (i.e., Process id). |
| </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>Pid</em></span>: |
| Thread id (see |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gettid</span>(2)</span>). |
| </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>PPid</em></span>: |
| PID of parent process. |
| </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>Uid</em></span>, |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>Gid</em></span>: |
| Real, effective, saved set, and filesystem UIDs (GIDs). |
| </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>VmSize</em></span>: |
| Virtual memory size. |
| </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>VmLck</em></span>: |
| Locked memory size (see |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mlock</span>(2)</span>). |
| </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>VmRSS</em></span>: |
| Resident set size. |
| </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>VmData</em></span>, |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>VmStk</em></span>, |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>VmExe</em></span>: |
| Size of data, stack, and text segments. |
| </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>VmLib</em></span>: |
| Shared library code size. |
| </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>SigPnd</em></span>: |
| Number of signals pending for process as a whole (see |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">pthreads</span>(7)</span> and |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">signal</span>(7)</span>). |
| </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>SigBlk</em></span>, |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>SigIgn</em></span>: |
| Masks indicating signals being blocked and ignored (see |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">signal</span>(7)</span>). |
| </p></li></ul></div><p> |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/uid</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This read-only file contains the user id for the process. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/winexename</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This read-only file contains the Windows pathname of the |
| executed command. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/<span class="emphasis"><em>[pid]</em></span>/winpid</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This read-only file contains the Windows process id for the |
| process. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/cpuinfo</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This is a collection of CPU and system architecture dependent |
| items, for each supported architecture a different list. |
| Two common entries are <span class="emphasis"><em>processor</em></span> |
| which gives CPU number and |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>bogomips</em></span>, a system constant |
| that is calculated during kernel initialization. |
| SMP machines have information for each CPU. |
| The |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lscpu</span>(1)</span> |
| command gathers its information from this file. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/cygdrive</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This file is a symbolic link that points to the user's |
| Windows mapped drive mount point, similar to |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>root</em></span>. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/devices</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| Text listing of major numbers and device groups. |
| This can be used by <span class="command"><strong>makedev</strong></span> |
| scripts for consistency with the system. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/filesystems</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| A text listing of the filesystems which are supported by Cygwin. |
| (See also |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">filesystems</span>(5)</span>.) |
| If a filesystem is marked with "nodev", this means that it |
| does not require a block device to be mounted (e.g., virtual |
| filesystem, network filesystem). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/loadavg</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| The first three fields in this file are load average figures |
| giving the number of jobs in the run queue (state R) |
| averaged over 1, 5, and 15 minutes. |
| They are the same as the load average numbers given by |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">uptime</span>(1)</span> and other programs. |
| The fourth field consists of two numbers separated by a slash (/). |
| The first of these is the number of currently runnable |
| scheduling entities (processes, threads). |
| The value after the slash is the number of scheduling entities |
| that currently exist on the system. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/meminfo</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This file reports statistics about memory usage on the system. |
| It is used by |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">free</span>(1)</span> |
| to report the amount of free and used memory (both physical |
| and swap) on the system as well as the shared memory and |
| buffers used by the system. |
| Each line of the file consists of a parameter name, followed by |
| a colon, the value of the parameter, and an option unit of |
| measurement (e.g., "kB"). |
| The list below describes the parameter names and the format |
| specifier required to read the field value. |
| Some fields are displayed only if the system was configured |
| with various options; those dependencies are noted in the |
| list. |
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>MemTotal</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p> |
| Total usable RAM (i.e., physical RAM minus a few reserved |
| bits and the system binary code). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>MemFree</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p> |
| The sum of <span class="emphasis"><em>LowFree</em></span> + |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>HighFree</em></span>. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>HighTotal</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p>Total amount of highmem.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>HighFree</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p>Amount of free highmem.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>LowTotal</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p> |
| Total amount of lowmem. |
| Lowmem is memory which can be used for everything that |
| highmem can be used for, but it is also available for the |
| system's use for its own data structures. |
| Bad things happen when you're out of lowmem. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>LowFree</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p>Amount of free lowmem.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>SwapTotal</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p>Total amount of swap space available.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>SwapFree</em></span> %lu</span></dt><dd><p>Amount of swap space that is currently unused.</p></dd></dl></div></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/misc</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| Text listing of minor device numbers and names of devices with |
| major device number of the <code class="literal">misc</code> device group. |
| This can be used by <span class="command"><strong>makedev</strong></span> scripts |
| for consistency with the system. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/mounts</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| With the introduction of per-process mount namespaces, this file |
| became a link to |
| <code class="filename">/proc/self/mounts</code>, |
| which lists the mount points of the process's own mount |
| namespace. |
| The format of this file is documented in |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">fstab</span>(5)</span>. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/net</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This directory contains various files and subdirectories |
| containing information about the networking layer. |
| The files contain ASCII structures and are, therefore, readable |
| with |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">cat</span>(1)</span>. |
| However, the standard |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">netstat</span>(8)</span> |
| suite provides much cleaner access to these files. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/net/if_inet6</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This file contains information about IP V6 interface adapters, |
| if used. |
| Each line represents an IP V6 interface adapter. |
| </p><pre class="screen"> |
| <code class="computeroutput"> |
| fe800000000000002c393d3da6108636 12 40 20 80 {C6B5FBE5-A3AC-4DB0-A308-8EE94E1406A4} |
| fe8000000000000039da016f76bd92bc 13 40 20 20 {E06B8972-0918-41FC-851B-090C446C7D1C} |
| fe8000000000000050ba9cedf1fe1628 0b 40 20 20 {680ED6FD-DFAC-4398-AA85-FB33E17E38EA} |
| fe8000000000000030c5c6a0b30f109d 11 40 20 20 {B9E39F53-1659-4065-BDA5-F41162250E03} |
| 20021840ac2c12343427e3b9ec6fa585 08 40 00 80 {4083A7F8-99CF-4220-8715-6FDF268B002F} |
| 20021840ac2c12342403e3b2c7a5a32f 08 80 00 20 {4083A7F8-99CF-4220-8715-6FDF268B002F} |
| 20021840ac2c1234284e8d0ecb4160cb 08 80 00 20 {4083A7F8-99CF-4220-8715-6FDF268B002F} |
| 20021840ac2c123468cb06ea72f1d678 08 80 00 80 {4083A7F8-99CF-4220-8715-6FDF268B002F} |
| 20021840ac2c12346cb59aca97c36e3b 08 80 00 20 {4083A7F8-99CF-4220-8715-6FDF268B002F} |
| 20021840ac2c123498af9881de1fb828 08 80 00 20 {4083A7F8-99CF-4220-8715-6FDF268B002F} |
| 20021840ac2c1234cd62a3d73a498611 08 80 00 20 {4083A7F8-99CF-4220-8715-6FDF268B002F} |
| 20021840ac2c1234e410c873be09df93 08 80 00 20 {4083A7F8-99CF-4220-8715-6FDF268B002F} |
| fe800000000000003427e3b9ec6fa585 08 40 20 80 {4083A7F8-99CF-4220-8715-6FDF268B002F} |
| 00000000000000000000000000000001 01 80 10 80 {2B5345AC-7502-11EA-AC73-806E6F6E6963} |
| (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) (6) |
| </code> |
| </pre><p>The fields in each line are: |
|
|
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">(1)</span></dt><dd><p>The IP V6 address of the interface adapter.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(2)</span></dt><dd><p>The IP V6 interface adapter index.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(3)</span></dt><dd><p> |
| The prefix length of the IP V6 interface address. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(4)</span></dt><dd><p>The scope of the IP V6 interface address.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(5)</span></dt><dd><p>The state of the IP V6 interface address.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(6)</span></dt><dd><p> |
| The DUID/GUID/UUID of the IP V6 interface adapter. |
| </p></dd></dl></div><p> |
| </p><p> |
| The last number exists only for compatibility reasons and is |
| always 1. |
| </p><p> |
|
|
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/partitions</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| Contains the major and minor numbers of each partition as well |
| as the number of 1024-byte blocks and the partition name. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/registry</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| Under Cygwin, this directory contains subdirectories for |
| registry paths, keys, and subkeys, and files named for registry |
| values which contain registry data, for the current process. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/registry32</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| Under 64 bit Windows, this directory contains subdirectories for |
| registry paths, keys, and subkeys, and files named for registry |
| values which contain registry data, for 32 bit processes. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/registry64</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| Under 64 bit Windows, this directory contains subdirectories for |
| registry paths, keys, and subkeys, and files named for registry |
| values which contain registry data, for 64 bit processes. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/self</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This directory refers to the process accessing the |
| <code class="filename">/proc</code> filesystem, and is identical to the |
| <code class="filename">/proc</code> directory named by the process id |
| of the same process. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/stat</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| system statistics. |
| Varies with architecture. |
| Common entries include: |
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>cpu 10132153 0 3084719 46828483</em></span></span></dt><dd></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>cpu0 1393280 0 572056 13343292</em></span></span></dt><dd><p> |
| The amount of time, measured in units of USER_HZ |
| (1/100ths of a second on most architectures, use |
| <code class="literal">sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK)</code> |
| to obtain the right value), that the system ("cpu" |
| line) or the specific CPU |
| ("cpu <span class="emphasis"><em>N</em></span>" line) |
| spent in various states: |
|
|
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">(1) <span class="emphasis"><em>user</em></span></span></dt><dd><p>Time spent in user mode.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(2) <span class="emphasis"><em>nice</em></span></span></dt><dd><p> |
| Time spent in user mode with low priority |
| (nice). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term">(3) <span class="emphasis"><em>system</em></span></span></dt><dd><p>Time spent in system mode.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(4) <span class="emphasis"><em>idle</em></span></span></dt><dd><p>Time spent in the idle task.</p></dd></dl></div><p> |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>page 5741 1808</em></span></span></dt><dd><p> |
| The number of pages the system paged in and the number |
| that were paged out (from disk). |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>swap 1 0</em></span></span></dt><dd><p> |
| The number of swap pages that have been brought in and |
| out. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>intr 1462898</em></span></span></dt><dd><p>The number of interrupts serviced.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>ctxt 115315</em></span></span></dt><dd><p> |
| The number of context switches that the system |
| underwent. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>btime 769041601</em></span></span></dt><dd><p> |
| boot time, in seconds since the Epoch, |
| 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC). |
| </p></dd></dl></div><p> |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/swaps</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| Swap areas in use. |
| See also |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">swapon</span>(8)</span>. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/sys</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This directory contains a number of files and subdirectories |
| linking to Windows objects, which can be read using these |
| entries. |
| </p><p> |
| String values may be terminated by either '\0' |
| or '\n'. |
| </p><p> |
| Integer and long values may be either in decimal or in |
| hexadecimal notation (e.g. 0x3FFF). |
| Multiple integer or long values may be separated by any of the |
| following whitespace characters: |
| ' ', '\t', or |
| '\n'. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/sysvipc</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| Subdirectory containing the pseudo-files |
| <code class="filename">msg</code>, <code class="filename">sem</code>and |
| <code class="filename">shm</code>. |
| These files list the System V Interprocess Communication (IPC) |
| objects (respectively: message queues, semaphores, and shared |
| memory) that currently exist on the system, providing similar |
| information to that available via |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ipcs</span>(1)</span>. |
| These files are only available if the cygserver Cygwin service |
| is running. |
| These files have headers and are formatted (one IPC object per |
| line) for easy understanding. |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">svipc</span>(7)</span> |
| provides further background on the information shown by these |
| files. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/uptime</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This file contains two numbers (values in seconds): the uptime |
| of the system (including time spent in suspend) and the amount |
| of time spent in the idle process. |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/proc/version</code></span></dt><dd><p> |
| This string identifies the Cygwin version that is currently |
| running. |
| For example: |
|
|
| </p><pre class="screen"> |
| <code class="computeroutput"> |
| CYGWIN_NT-10.0-18363 version 3.1.7-340.x86_64 (corinna@calimero) (gcc version 9.3.0 20200312 (Fedora Cygwin 9.3.0-1) (GCC) ) 2020-08-22 17:48 UTC |
| </code> |
| </pre><p> |
|
|
| </p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="refsect1"><a name="proc-notes"></a><h2>Notes</h2><p> |
| Many files contain strings (e.g., the environment and command |
| line) that are in the internal format, with subfields terminated |
| by null bytes ('\0'). |
| When inspecting such files, you may find that the results are |
| more readable if you use a command of the following form to |
| display them: |
|
|
| </p><pre class="screen"> |
| <code class="prompt">$</code> <strong class="userinput"><code>cat -A <span class="emphasis"><em>file</em></span></code></strong> |
| </pre><p> |
| </p><p> |
| This manual page is incomplete, possibly inaccurate, and is the kind |
| of thing that needs to be updated very often. |
| </p></div><div class="refsect1"><a name="proc-see_also"></a><h2>See Also</h2><p> |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">cat</span>(1)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">find</span>(1)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">free</span>(1)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ps</span>(1)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">pstree</span>(1)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">tr</span>(1)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">uptime</span>(1)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">chroot</span>(2)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mmap</span>(2)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">readlink</span>(2)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">syslog</span>(2)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">hier</span>(7)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">arp</span>(8)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mount</span>(8)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">netstat</span>(8)</span>, |
| <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">route</span>(8)</span>. |
| </p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="using-specialnames.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="using-specialnames.html#pathnames-proc">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using-cygwinenv.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Special filenames </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="cygwin-ug-net.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> The <code class="envar">CYGWIN</code> environment |
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