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python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/_argon2_cffi_bindings/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+from ._ffi import ffi, lib
+
+
+__all__ = ["ffi", "lib"]

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/_argon2_cffi_bindings/_ffi_build.py

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+import os
+import platform
+import sysconfig
+
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from cffi import FFI
+
+
+use_system_argon2 = os.environ.get("ARGON2_CFFI_USE_SYSTEM", "0") == "1"
+use_sse2 = os.environ.get("ARGON2_CFFI_USE_SSE2", None)
+windows = platform.system() == "Windows"
+# Free-threaded CPython doesn't support limited API.
+limited_api = not sysconfig.get_config_var("Py_GIL_DISABLED")
+
+
+# Try to detect cross-compilation.
+def _get_target_platform(arch_flags, default):
+    flags = [f for f in arch_flags.split(" ") if f.strip() != ""]
+    try:
+        pos = flags.index("-arch")
+
+        return flags[pos + 1].lower()
+    except ValueError:
+        pass
+
+    return default
+
+
+target_platform = _get_target_platform(
+    os.environ.get("ARCHFLAGS", ""), platform.machine()
+)
+
+
+if use_sse2 == "1":
+    optimized = True
+elif use_sse2 == "0":
+    optimized = False
+else:
+    # Optimized version requires SSE2 extensions. They have been around since
+    # 2001 so we try to compile it on every recent-ish x86.
+    optimized = target_platform in ("i686", "x86", "x86_64", "AMD64")
+
+
+ffi = FFI()
+
+if use_system_argon2:
+    ffi.set_source(
+        "_ffi",
+        "#include <argon2.h>",
+        libraries=["argon2"],
+        py_limited_api=limited_api,
+    )
+else:
+    lib_base = Path("extras") / "libargon2" / "src"
+    ffi.set_source(
+        "_ffi",
+        "#include <argon2.h>",
+        extra_compile_args=["-msse2"] if (optimized and not windows) else None,
+        include_dirs=[str(Path("extras", "libargon2", "include"))],
+        py_limited_api=limited_api,
+        sources=[
+            str(lib_base / path)
+            for path in [
+                "argon2.c",
+                Path("blake2") / "blake2b.c",
+                "core.c",
+                "encoding.c",
+                "opt.c" if optimized else "ref.c",
+                "thread.c",
+            ]
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+ffi.cdef(
+    """\
+typedef enum Argon2_type {
+    Argon2_d = ...,
+    Argon2_i = ...,
+    Argon2_id = ...,
+} argon2_type;
+typedef enum Argon2_version {
+    ARGON2_VERSION_10 = ...,
+    ARGON2_VERSION_13 = ...,
+    ARGON2_VERSION_NUMBER = ...
+} argon2_version;
+
+int argon2_hash(const uint32_t t_cost, const uint32_t m_cost,
+                const uint32_t parallelism, const void *pwd,
+                const size_t pwdlen, const void *salt,
+                const size_t saltlen, void *hash,
+                const size_t hashlen, char *encoded,
+                const size_t encodedlen, argon2_type type,
+                const uint32_t version);
+
+int argon2_verify(const char *encoded, const void *pwd,
+                  const size_t pwdlen, argon2_type type);
+
+const char *argon2_error_message(int error_code);
+
+
+typedef int (*allocate_fptr)(uint8_t **memory, size_t bytes_to_allocate);
+typedef void (*deallocate_fptr)(uint8_t *memory, size_t bytes_to_allocate);
+
+typedef struct Argon2_Context {
+    uint8_t *out;    /* output array */
+    uint32_t outlen; /* digest length */
+
+    uint8_t *pwd;    /* password array */
+    uint32_t pwdlen; /* password length */
+
+    uint8_t *salt;    /* salt array */
+    uint32_t saltlen; /* salt length */
+
+    uint8_t *secret;    /* key array */
+    uint32_t secretlen; /* key length */
+
+    uint8_t *ad;    /* associated data array */
+    uint32_t adlen; /* associated data length */
+
+    uint32_t t_cost;  /* number of passes */
+    uint32_t m_cost;  /* amount of memory requested (KB) */
+    uint32_t lanes;   /* number of lanes */
+    uint32_t threads; /* maximum number of threads */
+
+    uint32_t version; /* version number */
+
+    allocate_fptr allocate_cbk; /* pointer to memory allocator */
+    deallocate_fptr free_cbk;   /* pointer to memory deallocator */
+
+    uint32_t flags; /* array of bool options */
+} argon2_context;
+
+int argon2_ctx(argon2_context *context, argon2_type type);
+
+/* Error codes */
+typedef enum Argon2_ErrorCodes {
+    ARGON2_OK = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_OUTPUT_PTR_NULL = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_OUTPUT_TOO_SHORT = ...,
+    ARGON2_OUTPUT_TOO_LONG = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_PWD_TOO_SHORT = ...,
+    ARGON2_PWD_TOO_LONG = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_SALT_TOO_SHORT = ...,
+    ARGON2_SALT_TOO_LONG = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_AD_TOO_SHORT = ...,
+    ARGON2_AD_TOO_LONG = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_SECRET_TOO_SHORT = ...,
+    ARGON2_SECRET_TOO_LONG = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_TIME_TOO_SMALL = ...,
+    ARGON2_TIME_TOO_LARGE = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_MEMORY_TOO_LITTLE = ...,
+    ARGON2_MEMORY_TOO_MUCH = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_LANES_TOO_FEW = ...,
+    ARGON2_LANES_TOO_MANY = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_PWD_PTR_MISMATCH = ...,    /* NULL ptr with non-zero length */
+    ARGON2_SALT_PTR_MISMATCH = ...,   /* NULL ptr with non-zero length */
+    ARGON2_SECRET_PTR_MISMATCH = ..., /* NULL ptr with non-zero length */
+    ARGON2_AD_PTR_MISMATCH = ...,     /* NULL ptr with non-zero length */
+
+    ARGON2_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_FREE_MEMORY_CBK_NULL = ...,
+    ARGON2_ALLOCATE_MEMORY_CBK_NULL = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_INCORRECT_PARAMETER = ...,
+    ARGON2_INCORRECT_TYPE = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_OUT_PTR_MISMATCH = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_THREADS_TOO_FEW = ...,
+    ARGON2_THREADS_TOO_MANY = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_MISSING_ARGS = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_ENCODING_FAIL = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_DECODING_FAIL = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_THREAD_FAIL = ...,
+
+    ARGON2_DECODING_LENGTH_FAIL= ...,
+
+    ARGON2_VERIFY_MISMATCH = ...,
+} argon2_error_codes;
+
+#define ARGON2_FLAG_CLEAR_PASSWORD ...
+#define ARGON2_FLAG_CLEAR_SECRET ...
+#define ARGON2_DEFAULT_FLAGS ...
+
+#define ARGON2_MIN_LANES ...
+#define ARGON2_MAX_LANES ...
+#define ARGON2_MIN_THREADS ...
+#define ARGON2_MAX_THREADS  ...
+#define ARGON2_SYNC_POINTS  ...
+#define ARGON2_MIN_OUTLEN ...
+#define ARGON2_MAX_OUTLEN ...
+#define ARGON2_MIN_MEMORY ...
+#define ARGON2_MAX_MEMORY_BITS ...
+#define ARGON2_MAX_MEMORY ...
+#define ARGON2_MIN_TIME ...
+#define ARGON2_MAX_TIME ...
+#define ARGON2_MIN_PWD_LENGTH ...
+#define ARGON2_MAX_PWD_LENGTH ...
+#define ARGON2_MIN_AD_LENGTH ...
+#define ARGON2_MAX_AD_LENGTH ...
+#define ARGON2_MIN_SALT_LENGTH ...
+#define ARGON2_MAX_SALT_LENGTH ...
+#define ARGON2_MIN_SECRET ...
+#define ARGON2_MAX_SECRET ...
+
+uint32_t argon2_encodedlen(uint32_t t_cost, uint32_t m_cost,
+                           uint32_t parallelism, uint32_t saltlen,
+                           uint32_t hashlen, argon2_type type);
+
+"""
+)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    ffi.compile()

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/_distutils_hack/__init__.py

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+# don't import any costly modules
+import os
+import sys
+
+report_url = (
+    "https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/new?template=distutils-deprecation.yml"
+)
+
+
+def warn_distutils_present():
+    if 'distutils' not in sys.modules:
+        return
+    import warnings
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        "Distutils was imported before Setuptools, but importing Setuptools "
+        "also replaces the `distutils` module in `sys.modules`. This may lead "
+        "to undesirable behaviors or errors. To avoid these issues, avoid "
+        "using distutils directly, ensure that setuptools is installed in the "
+        "traditional way (e.g. not an editable install), and/or make sure "
+        "that setuptools is always imported before distutils."
+    )
+
+
+def clear_distutils():
+    if 'distutils' not in sys.modules:
+        return
+    import warnings
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        "Setuptools is replacing distutils. Support for replacing "
+        "an already imported distutils is deprecated. In the future, "
+        "this condition will fail. "
+        f"Register concerns at {report_url}"
+    )
+    mods = [
+        name
+        for name in sys.modules
+        if name == "distutils" or name.startswith("distutils.")
+    ]
+    for name in mods:
+        del sys.modules[name]
+
+
+def enabled():
+    """
+    Allow selection of distutils by environment variable.
+    """
+    which = os.environ.get('SETUPTOOLS_USE_DISTUTILS', 'local')
+    if which == 'stdlib':
+        import warnings
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Reliance on distutils from stdlib is deprecated. Users "
+            "must rely on setuptools to provide the distutils module. "
+            "Avoid importing distutils or import setuptools first, "
+            "and avoid setting SETUPTOOLS_USE_DISTUTILS=stdlib. "
+            f"Register concerns at {report_url}"
+        )
+    return which == 'local'
+
+
+def ensure_local_distutils():
+    import importlib
+
+    clear_distutils()
+
+    # With the DistutilsMetaFinder in place,
+    # perform an import to cause distutils to be
+    # loaded from setuptools._distutils. Ref #2906.
+    with shim():
+        importlib.import_module('distutils')
+
+    # check that submodules load as expected
+    core = importlib.import_module('distutils.core')
+    assert '_distutils' in core.__file__, core.__file__
+    assert 'setuptools._distutils.log' not in sys.modules
+
+
+def do_override():
+    """
+    Ensure that the local copy of distutils is preferred over stdlib.
+
+    See https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/417#issuecomment-392298401
+    for more motivation.
+    """
+    if enabled():
+        warn_distutils_present()
+        ensure_local_distutils()
+
+
+class _TrivialRe:
+    def __init__(self, *patterns) -> None:
+        self._patterns = patterns
+
+    def match(self, string):
+        return all(pat in string for pat in self._patterns)
+
+
+class DistutilsMetaFinder:
+    def find_spec(self, fullname, path, target=None):
+        # optimization: only consider top level modules and those
+        # found in the CPython test suite.
+        if path is not None and not fullname.startswith('test.'):
+            return None
+
+        method_name = 'spec_for_{fullname}'.format(**locals())
+        method = getattr(self, method_name, lambda: None)
+        return method()
+
+    def spec_for_distutils(self):
+        if self.is_cpython():
+            return None
+
+        import importlib
+        import importlib.abc
+        import importlib.util
+
+        try:
+            mod = importlib.import_module('setuptools._distutils')
+        except Exception:
+            # There are a couple of cases where setuptools._distutils
+            # may not be present:
+            # - An older Setuptools without a local distutils is
+            #   taking precedence. Ref #2957.
+            # - Path manipulation during sitecustomize removes
+            #   setuptools from the path but only after the hook
+            #   has been loaded. Ref #2980.
+            # In either case, fall back to stdlib behavior.
+            return None
+
+        class DistutilsLoader(importlib.abc.Loader):
+            def create_module(self, spec):
+                mod.__name__ = 'distutils'
+                return mod
+
+            def exec_module(self, module):
+                pass
+
+        return importlib.util.spec_from_loader(
+            'distutils', DistutilsLoader(), origin=mod.__file__
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def is_cpython():
+        """
+        Suppress supplying distutils for CPython (build and tests).
+        Ref #2965 and #3007.
+        """
+        return os.path.isfile('pybuilddir.txt')
+
+    def spec_for_pip(self):
+        """
+        Ensure stdlib distutils when running under pip.
+        See pypa/pip#8761 for rationale.
+        """
+        if sys.version_info >= (3, 12) or self.pip_imported_during_build():
+            return
+        clear_distutils()
+        self.spec_for_distutils = lambda: None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def pip_imported_during_build(cls):
+        """
+        Detect if pip is being imported in a build script. Ref #2355.
+        """
+        import traceback
+
+        return any(
+            cls.frame_file_is_setup(frame) for frame, line in traceback.walk_stack(None)
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def frame_file_is_setup(frame):
+        """
+        Return True if the indicated frame suggests a setup.py file.
+        """
+        # some frames may not have __file__ (#2940)
+        return frame.f_globals.get('__file__', '').endswith('setup.py')
+
+    def spec_for_sensitive_tests(self):
+        """
+        Ensure stdlib distutils when running select tests under CPython.
+
+        python/cpython#91169
+        """
+        clear_distutils()
+        self.spec_for_distutils = lambda: None
+
+    sensitive_tests = (
+        [
+            'test.test_distutils',
+            'test.test_peg_generator',
+            'test.test_importlib',
+        ]
+        if sys.version_info < (3, 10)
+        else [
+            'test.test_distutils',
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+for name in DistutilsMetaFinder.sensitive_tests:
+    setattr(
+        DistutilsMetaFinder,
+        f'spec_for_{name}',
+        DistutilsMetaFinder.spec_for_sensitive_tests,
+    )
+
+
+DISTUTILS_FINDER = DistutilsMetaFinder()
+
+
+def add_shim():
+    DISTUTILS_FINDER in sys.meta_path or insert_shim()
+
+
+class shim:
+    def __enter__(self) -> None:
+        insert_shim()
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc: object, value: object, tb: object) -> None:
+        _remove_shim()
+
+
+def insert_shim():
+    sys.meta_path.insert(0, DISTUTILS_FINDER)
+
+
+def _remove_shim():
+    try:
+        sys.meta_path.remove(DISTUTILS_FINDER)
+    except ValueError:
+        pass
+
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 12):
+    # DistutilsMetaFinder can only be disabled in Python < 3.12 (PEP 632)
+    remove_shim = _remove_shim

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/_distutils_hack/override.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+__import__('_distutils_hack').do_override()

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/_yaml/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# This is a stub package designed to roughly emulate the _yaml
+# extension module, which previously existed as a standalone module
+# and has been moved into the `yaml` package namespace.
+# It does not perfectly mimic its old counterpart, but should get
+# close enough for anyone who's relying on it even when they shouldn't.
+import yaml
+
+# in some circumstances, the yaml module we imoprted may be from a different version, so we need
+# to tread carefully when poking at it here (it may not have the attributes we expect)
+if not getattr(yaml, '__with_libyaml__', False):
+    from sys import version_info
+
+    exc = ModuleNotFoundError if version_info >= (3, 6) else ImportError
+    raise exc("No module named '_yaml'")
+else:
+    from yaml._yaml import *
+    import warnings
+    warnings.warn(
+        'The _yaml extension module is now located at yaml._yaml'
+        ' and its location is subject to change.  To use the'
+        ' LibYAML-based parser and emitter, import from `yaml`:'
+        ' `from yaml import CLoader as Loader, CDumper as Dumper`.',
+        DeprecationWarning
+    )
+    del warnings
+    # Don't `del yaml` here because yaml is actually an existing
+    # namespace member of _yaml.
+
+__name__ = '_yaml'
+# If the module is top-level (i.e. not a part of any specific package)
+# then the attribute should be set to ''.
+# https://docs.python.org/3.8/library/types.html
+__package__ = ''

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy-2.0.49.dist-info/licenses/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Copyright 2005-2026 SQLAlchemy authors and contributors <see AUTHORS file>.
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/connectors/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# connectors/__init__.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+
+
+from ..engine.interfaces import Dialect
+
+
+class Connector(Dialect):
+    """Base class for dialect mixins, for DBAPIs that work
+    across entirely different database backends.
+
+    Currently the only such mixin is pyodbc.
+
+    """

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/connectors/aioodbc.py

@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+# connectors/aioodbc.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+# mypy: ignore-errors
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from .asyncio import AsyncAdapt_dbapi_connection
+from .asyncio import AsyncAdapt_dbapi_cursor
+from .asyncio import AsyncAdapt_dbapi_ss_cursor
+from .asyncio import AsyncAdaptFallback_dbapi_connection
+from .pyodbc import PyODBCConnector
+from .. import pool
+from .. import util
+from ..util.concurrency import await_fallback
+from ..util.concurrency import await_only
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ..engine.interfaces import ConnectArgsType
+    from ..engine.url import URL
+
+
+class AsyncAdapt_aioodbc_cursor(AsyncAdapt_dbapi_cursor):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def setinputsizes(self, *inputsizes):
+        # see https://github.com/aio-libs/aioodbc/issues/451
+        return self._cursor._impl.setinputsizes(*inputsizes)
+
+        # how it's supposed to work
+        # return self.await_(self._cursor.setinputsizes(*inputsizes))
+
+    @property
+    def fast_executemany(self):
+        return self._cursor._impl.fast_executemany
+
+    @fast_executemany.setter
+    def fast_executemany(self, value):
+        self._cursor._impl.fast_executemany = value
+
+
+class AsyncAdapt_aioodbc_ss_cursor(
+    AsyncAdapt_aioodbc_cursor, AsyncAdapt_dbapi_ss_cursor
+):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+
+class AsyncAdapt_aioodbc_connection(AsyncAdapt_dbapi_connection):
+    _cursor_cls = AsyncAdapt_aioodbc_cursor
+    _ss_cursor_cls = AsyncAdapt_aioodbc_ss_cursor
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    @property
+    def autocommit(self):
+        return self._connection.autocommit
+
+    @autocommit.setter
+    def autocommit(self, value):
+        # https://github.com/aio-libs/aioodbc/issues/448
+        # self._connection.autocommit = value
+
+        self._connection._conn.autocommit = value
+
+    def ping(self, reconnect):
+        return self.await_(self._connection.ping(reconnect))
+
+    def add_output_converter(self, *arg, **kw):
+        self._connection.add_output_converter(*arg, **kw)
+
+    def character_set_name(self):
+        return self._connection.character_set_name()
+
+    def cursor(self, server_side=False):
+        # aioodbc sets connection=None when closed and just fails with
+        # AttributeError here.  Here we use the same ProgrammingError +
+        # message that pyodbc uses, so it triggers is_disconnect() as well.
+        if self._connection.closed:
+            raise self.dbapi.ProgrammingError(
+                "Attempt to use a closed connection."
+            )
+        return super().cursor(server_side=server_side)
+
+    def rollback(self):
+        # aioodbc sets connection=None when closed and just fails with
+        # AttributeError here.  should be a no-op
+        if not self._connection.closed:
+            super().rollback()
+
+    def commit(self):
+        # aioodbc sets connection=None when closed and just fails with
+        # AttributeError here.  should be a no-op
+        if not self._connection.closed:
+            super().commit()
+
+    def close(self):
+        # aioodbc sets connection=None when closed and just fails with
+        # AttributeError here.  should be a no-op
+        if not self._connection.closed:
+            super().close()
+
+
+class AsyncAdaptFallback_aioodbc_connection(
+    AsyncAdaptFallback_dbapi_connection, AsyncAdapt_aioodbc_connection
+):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+
+class AsyncAdapt_aioodbc_dbapi:
+    def __init__(self, aioodbc, pyodbc):
+        self.aioodbc = aioodbc
+        self.pyodbc = pyodbc
+        self.paramstyle = pyodbc.paramstyle
+        self._init_dbapi_attributes()
+        self.Cursor = AsyncAdapt_dbapi_cursor
+        self.version = pyodbc.version
+
+    def _init_dbapi_attributes(self):
+        for name in (
+            "Warning",
+            "Error",
+            "InterfaceError",
+            "DataError",
+            "DatabaseError",
+            "OperationalError",
+            "InterfaceError",
+            "IntegrityError",
+            "ProgrammingError",
+            "InternalError",
+            "NotSupportedError",
+            "SQL_DRIVER_NAME",
+            "NUMBER",
+            "STRING",
+            "DATETIME",
+            "BINARY",
+            "Binary",
+            "BinaryNull",
+            "SQL_VARCHAR",
+            "SQL_WVARCHAR",
+            "SQL_DECIMAL",
+        ):
+            setattr(self, name, getattr(self.pyodbc, name))
+
+    def connect(self, *arg, **kw):
+        async_fallback = kw.pop("async_fallback", False)
+        creator_fn = kw.pop("async_creator_fn", self.aioodbc.connect)
+
+        if util.asbool(async_fallback):
+            return AsyncAdaptFallback_aioodbc_connection(
+                self,
+                await_fallback(creator_fn(*arg, **kw)),
+            )
+        else:
+            return AsyncAdapt_aioodbc_connection(
+                self,
+                await_only(creator_fn(*arg, **kw)),
+            )
+
+
+class aiodbcConnector(PyODBCConnector):
+    is_async = True
+    supports_statement_cache = True
+
+    supports_server_side_cursors = True
+
+    @classmethod
+    def import_dbapi(cls):
+        return AsyncAdapt_aioodbc_dbapi(
+            __import__("aioodbc"), __import__("pyodbc")
+        )
+
+    def create_connect_args(self, url: URL) -> ConnectArgsType:
+        arg, kw = super().create_connect_args(url)
+        if arg and arg[0]:
+            kw["dsn"] = arg[0]
+
+        return (), kw
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_pool_class(cls, url):
+        async_fallback = url.query.get("async_fallback", False)
+
+        if util.asbool(async_fallback):
+            return pool.FallbackAsyncAdaptedQueuePool
+        else:
+            return pool.AsyncAdaptedQueuePool
+
+    def get_driver_connection(self, connection):
+        return connection._connection

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/connectors/asyncio.py

@@ -0,0 +1,429 @@
+# connectors/asyncio.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+
+"""generic asyncio-adapted versions of DBAPI connection and cursor"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import collections
+import sys
+from typing import Any
+from typing import AsyncIterator
+from typing import Deque
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import NoReturn
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Sequence
+from typing import Tuple
+from typing import Type
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from ..engine import AdaptedConnection
+from ..util import EMPTY_DICT
+from ..util.concurrency import await_fallback
+from ..util.concurrency import await_only
+from ..util.concurrency import in_greenlet
+from ..util.typing import Protocol
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ..engine.interfaces import _DBAPICursorDescription
+    from ..engine.interfaces import _DBAPIMultiExecuteParams
+    from ..engine.interfaces import _DBAPISingleExecuteParams
+    from ..engine.interfaces import DBAPIModule
+    from ..util.typing import Self
+
+
+class AsyncIODBAPIConnection(Protocol):
+    """protocol representing an async adapted version of a
+    :pep:`249` database connection.
+
+
+    """
+
+    # note that async DBAPIs dont agree if close() should be awaitable,
+    # so it is omitted here and picked up by the __getattr__ hook below
+
+    async def commit(self) -> None: ...
+
+    def cursor(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> AsyncIODBAPICursor: ...
+
+    async def rollback(self) -> None: ...
+
+    def __getattr__(self, key: str) -> Any: ...
+
+    def __setattr__(self, key: str, value: Any) -> None: ...
+
+
+class AsyncIODBAPICursor(Protocol):
+    """protocol representing an async adapted version
+    of a :pep:`249` database cursor.
+
+
+    """
+
+    def __aenter__(self) -> Any: ...
+
+    @property
+    def description(
+        self,
+    ) -> _DBAPICursorDescription:
+        """The description attribute of the Cursor."""
+        ...
+
+    @property
+    def rowcount(self) -> int: ...
+
+    arraysize: int
+
+    lastrowid: int
+
+    async def close(self) -> None: ...
+
+    async def execute(
+        self,
+        operation: Any,
+        parameters: Optional[_DBAPISingleExecuteParams] = None,
+    ) -> Any: ...
+
+    async def executemany(
+        self,
+        operation: Any,
+        parameters: _DBAPIMultiExecuteParams,
+    ) -> Any: ...
+
+    async def fetchone(self) -> Optional[Any]: ...
+
+    async def fetchmany(self, size: Optional[int] = ...) -> Sequence[Any]: ...
+
+    async def fetchall(self) -> Sequence[Any]: ...
+
+    async def setinputsizes(self, sizes: Sequence[Any]) -> None: ...
+
+    def setoutputsize(self, size: Any, column: Any) -> None: ...
+
+    async def callproc(
+        self, procname: str, parameters: Sequence[Any] = ...
+    ) -> Any: ...
+
+    async def nextset(self) -> Optional[bool]: ...
+
+    def __aiter__(self) -> AsyncIterator[Any]: ...
+
+
+class AsyncAdapt_dbapi_module:
+    if TYPE_CHECKING:
+        Error = DBAPIModule.Error
+        OperationalError = DBAPIModule.OperationalError
+        InterfaceError = DBAPIModule.InterfaceError
+        IntegrityError = DBAPIModule.IntegrityError
+
+        def __getattr__(self, key: str) -> Any: ...
+
+
+class AsyncAdapt_dbapi_cursor:
+    server_side = False
+    __slots__ = (
+        "_adapt_connection",
+        "_connection",
+        "await_",
+        "_cursor",
+        "_rows",
+        "_soft_closed_memoized",
+    )
+
+    _awaitable_cursor_close: bool = True
+
+    _cursor: AsyncIODBAPICursor
+    _adapt_connection: AsyncAdapt_dbapi_connection
+    _connection: AsyncIODBAPIConnection
+    _rows: Deque[Any]
+
+    def __init__(self, adapt_connection: AsyncAdapt_dbapi_connection):
+        self._adapt_connection = adapt_connection
+        self._connection = adapt_connection._connection
+
+        self.await_ = adapt_connection.await_
+
+        cursor = self._make_new_cursor(self._connection)
+        self._cursor = self._aenter_cursor(cursor)
+        self._soft_closed_memoized = EMPTY_DICT
+        if not self.server_side:
+            self._rows = collections.deque()
+
+    def _aenter_cursor(self, cursor: AsyncIODBAPICursor) -> AsyncIODBAPICursor:
+        return self.await_(cursor.__aenter__())  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
+
+    def _make_new_cursor(
+        self, connection: AsyncIODBAPIConnection
+    ) -> AsyncIODBAPICursor:
+        return connection.cursor()
+
+    @property
+    def description(self) -> Optional[_DBAPICursorDescription]:
+        if "description" in self._soft_closed_memoized:
+            return self._soft_closed_memoized["description"]  # type: ignore[no-any-return]  # noqa: E501
+        return self._cursor.description
+
+    @property
+    def rowcount(self) -> int:
+        return self._cursor.rowcount
+
+    @property
+    def arraysize(self) -> int:
+        return self._cursor.arraysize
+
+    @arraysize.setter
+    def arraysize(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self._cursor.arraysize = value
+
+    @property
+    def lastrowid(self) -> int:
+        return self._cursor.lastrowid
+
+    async def _async_soft_close(self) -> None:
+        """close the cursor but keep the results pending, and memoize the
+        description.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0.44
+
+        """
+
+        if not self._awaitable_cursor_close or self.server_side:
+            return
+
+        self._soft_closed_memoized = self._soft_closed_memoized.union(
+            {
+                "description": self._cursor.description,
+            }
+        )
+        await self._cursor.close()
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        self._rows.clear()
+
+        # updated as of 2.0.44
+        # try to "close" the cursor based on what we know about the driver
+        # and if we are able to.  otherwise, hope that the asyncio
+        # extension called _async_soft_close() if the cursor is going into
+        # a sync context
+        if self._cursor is None or bool(self._soft_closed_memoized):
+            return
+
+        if not self._awaitable_cursor_close:
+            self._cursor.close()  # type: ignore[unused-coroutine]
+        elif in_greenlet():
+            self.await_(self._cursor.close())
+
+    def execute(
+        self,
+        operation: Any,
+        parameters: Optional[_DBAPISingleExecuteParams] = None,
+    ) -> Any:
+        try:
+            return self.await_(self._execute_async(operation, parameters))
+        except Exception as error:
+            self._adapt_connection._handle_exception(error)
+
+    def executemany(
+        self,
+        operation: Any,
+        seq_of_parameters: _DBAPIMultiExecuteParams,
+    ) -> Any:
+        try:
+            return self.await_(
+                self._executemany_async(operation, seq_of_parameters)
+            )
+        except Exception as error:
+            self._adapt_connection._handle_exception(error)
+
+    async def _execute_async(
+        self, operation: Any, parameters: Optional[_DBAPISingleExecuteParams]
+    ) -> Any:
+        async with self._adapt_connection._execute_mutex:
+            if parameters is None:
+                result = await self._cursor.execute(operation)
+            else:
+                result = await self._cursor.execute(operation, parameters)
+
+            if self._cursor.description and not self.server_side:
+                self._rows = collections.deque(await self._cursor.fetchall())
+            return result
+
+    async def _executemany_async(
+        self,
+        operation: Any,
+        seq_of_parameters: _DBAPIMultiExecuteParams,
+    ) -> Any:
+        async with self._adapt_connection._execute_mutex:
+            return await self._cursor.executemany(operation, seq_of_parameters)
+
+    def nextset(self) -> None:
+        self.await_(self._cursor.nextset())
+        if self._cursor.description and not self.server_side:
+            self._rows = collections.deque(
+                self.await_(self._cursor.fetchall())
+            )
+
+    def setinputsizes(self, *inputsizes: Any) -> None:
+        # NOTE: this is overridden in aioodbc due to
+        # see https://github.com/aio-libs/aioodbc/issues/451
+        # right now
+
+        return self.await_(self._cursor.setinputsizes(*inputsizes))
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> Self:
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, type_: Any, value: Any, traceback: Any) -> None:
+        self.close()
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[Any]:
+        while self._rows:
+            yield self._rows.popleft()
+
+    def fetchone(self) -> Optional[Any]:
+        if self._rows:
+            return self._rows.popleft()
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def fetchmany(self, size: Optional[int] = None) -> Sequence[Any]:
+        if size is None:
+            size = self.arraysize
+        rr = self._rows
+        return [rr.popleft() for _ in range(min(size, len(rr)))]
+
+    def fetchall(self) -> Sequence[Any]:
+        retval = list(self._rows)
+        self._rows.clear()
+        return retval
+
+
+class AsyncAdapt_dbapi_ss_cursor(AsyncAdapt_dbapi_cursor):
+    __slots__ = ()
+    server_side = True
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._cursor is not None:
+            self.await_(self._cursor.close())
+            self._cursor = None  # type: ignore
+
+    def fetchone(self) -> Optional[Any]:
+        return self.await_(self._cursor.fetchone())
+
+    def fetchmany(self, size: Optional[int] = None) -> Any:
+        return self.await_(self._cursor.fetchmany(size=size))
+
+    def fetchall(self) -> Sequence[Any]:
+        return self.await_(self._cursor.fetchall())
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[Any]:
+        iterator = self._cursor.__aiter__()
+        while True:
+            try:
+                yield self.await_(iterator.__anext__())
+            except StopAsyncIteration:
+                break
+
+
+class AsyncAdapt_dbapi_connection(AdaptedConnection):
+    _cursor_cls = AsyncAdapt_dbapi_cursor
+    _ss_cursor_cls = AsyncAdapt_dbapi_ss_cursor
+
+    await_ = staticmethod(await_only)
+
+    __slots__ = ("dbapi", "_execute_mutex")
+
+    _connection: AsyncIODBAPIConnection
+
+    def __init__(self, dbapi: Any, connection: AsyncIODBAPIConnection):
+        self.dbapi = dbapi
+        self._connection = connection
+        self._execute_mutex = asyncio.Lock()
+
+    def cursor(self, server_side: bool = False) -> AsyncAdapt_dbapi_cursor:
+        if server_side:
+            return self._ss_cursor_cls(self)
+        else:
+            return self._cursor_cls(self)
+
+    def execute(
+        self,
+        operation: Any,
+        parameters: Optional[_DBAPISingleExecuteParams] = None,
+    ) -> Any:
+        """lots of DBAPIs seem to provide this, so include it"""
+        cursor = self.cursor()
+        cursor.execute(operation, parameters)
+        return cursor
+
+    def _handle_exception(self, error: Exception) -> NoReturn:
+        exc_info = sys.exc_info()
+
+        raise error.with_traceback(exc_info[2])
+
+    def rollback(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            self.await_(self._connection.rollback())
+        except Exception as error:
+            self._handle_exception(error)
+
+    def commit(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            self.await_(self._connection.commit())
+        except Exception as error:
+            self._handle_exception(error)
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        self.await_(self._connection.close())
+
+
+class AsyncAdaptFallback_dbapi_connection(AsyncAdapt_dbapi_connection):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    await_ = staticmethod(await_fallback)
+
+
+class AsyncAdapt_terminate:
+    """Mixin for a AsyncAdapt_dbapi_connection to add terminate support."""
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def terminate(self) -> None:
+        if in_greenlet():
+            # in a greenlet; this is the connection was invalidated case.
+            try:
+                # try to gracefully close; see #10717
+                self.await_(asyncio.shield(self._terminate_graceful_close()))  # type: ignore[attr-defined] # noqa: E501
+            except self._terminate_handled_exceptions() as e:
+                # in the case where we are recycling an old connection
+                # that may have already been disconnected, close() will
+                # fail.  In this case, terminate
+                # the connection without any further waiting.
+                # see issue #8419
+                self._terminate_force_close()
+                if isinstance(e, asyncio.CancelledError):
+                    # re-raise CancelledError if we were cancelled
+                    raise
+        else:
+            # not in a greenlet; this is the gc cleanup case
+            self._terminate_force_close()
+
+    def _terminate_handled_exceptions(self) -> Tuple[Type[BaseException], ...]:
+        """Returns the exceptions that should be handled when
+        calling _graceful_close.
+        """
+        return (asyncio.TimeoutError, asyncio.CancelledError, OSError)
+
+    async def _terminate_graceful_close(self) -> None:
+        """Try to close connection gracefully"""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _terminate_force_close(self) -> None:
+        """Terminate the connection"""
+        raise NotImplementedError

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/connectors/pyodbc.py

@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+# connectors/pyodbc.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import re
+import typing
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import List
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Tuple
+from typing import Union
+from urllib.parse import unquote_plus
+
+from . import Connector
+from .. import ExecutionContext
+from .. import pool
+from .. import util
+from ..engine import ConnectArgsType
+from ..engine import Connection
+from ..engine import interfaces
+from ..engine import URL
+from ..sql.type_api import TypeEngine
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ..engine.interfaces import DBAPIModule
+    from ..engine.interfaces import IsolationLevel
+
+
+class PyODBCConnector(Connector):
+    driver = "pyodbc"
+
+    # this is no longer False for pyodbc in general
+    supports_sane_rowcount_returning = True
+    supports_sane_multi_rowcount = False
+
+    supports_native_decimal = True
+    default_paramstyle = "named"
+
+    fast_executemany = False
+
+    # for non-DSN connections, this *may* be used to
+    # hold the desired driver name
+    pyodbc_driver_name: Optional[str] = None
+
+    def __init__(self, use_setinputsizes: bool = False, **kw: Any):
+        super().__init__(**kw)
+        if use_setinputsizes:
+            self.bind_typing = interfaces.BindTyping.SETINPUTSIZES
+
+    @classmethod
+    def import_dbapi(cls) -> DBAPIModule:
+        return __import__("pyodbc")
+
+    def create_connect_args(self, url: URL) -> ConnectArgsType:
+        opts = url.translate_connect_args(username="user")
+        opts.update(url.query)
+
+        keys = opts
+
+        query = url.query
+
+        connect_args: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+        connectors: List[str]
+
+        for param in ("ansi", "unicode_results", "autocommit"):
+            if param in keys:
+                connect_args[param] = util.asbool(keys.pop(param))
+
+        if "odbc_connect" in keys:
+            connectors = [unquote_plus(keys.pop("odbc_connect"))]
+        else:
+
+            def check_quote(token: str) -> str:
+                if ";" in str(token) or str(token).startswith("{"):
+                    token = "{%s}" % token.replace("}", "}}")
+                return token
+
+            keys = {k: check_quote(v) for k, v in keys.items()}
+
+            dsn_connection = "dsn" in keys or (
+                "host" in keys and "database" not in keys
+            )
+            if dsn_connection:
+                connectors = [
+                    "dsn=%s" % (keys.pop("host", "") or keys.pop("dsn", ""))
+                ]
+            else:
+                port = ""
+                if "port" in keys and "port" not in query:
+                    port = ",%d" % int(keys.pop("port"))
+
+                connectors = []
+                driver = keys.pop("driver", self.pyodbc_driver_name)
+                if driver is None and keys:
+                    # note if keys is empty, this is a totally blank URL
+                    util.warn(
+                        "No driver name specified; "
+                        "this is expected by PyODBC when using "
+                        "DSN-less connections"
+                    )
+                else:
+                    connectors.append("DRIVER={%s}" % driver)
+
+                connectors.extend(
+                    [
+                        "Server=%s%s" % (keys.pop("host", ""), port),
+                        "Database=%s" % keys.pop("database", ""),
+                    ]
+                )
+
+            user = keys.pop("user", None)
+            if user:
+                connectors.append("UID=%s" % user)
+                pwd = keys.pop("password", "")
+                if pwd:
+                    connectors.append("PWD=%s" % pwd)
+            else:
+                authentication = keys.pop("authentication", None)
+                if authentication:
+                    connectors.append("Authentication=%s" % authentication)
+                else:
+                    connectors.append("Trusted_Connection=Yes")
+
+            # if set to 'Yes', the ODBC layer will try to automagically
+            # convert textual data from your database encoding to your
+            # client encoding.  This should obviously be set to 'No' if
+            # you query a cp1253 encoded database from a latin1 client...
+            if "odbc_autotranslate" in keys:
+                connectors.append(
+                    "AutoTranslate=%s" % keys.pop("odbc_autotranslate")
+                )
+
+            connectors.extend(["%s=%s" % (k, v) for k, v in keys.items()])
+
+        return ((";".join(connectors),), connect_args)
+
+    def is_disconnect(
+        self,
+        e: Exception,
+        connection: Optional[
+            Union[pool.PoolProxiedConnection, interfaces.DBAPIConnection]
+        ],
+        cursor: Optional[interfaces.DBAPICursor],
+    ) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(e, self.loaded_dbapi.ProgrammingError):
+            return "The cursor's connection has been closed." in str(
+                e
+            ) or "Attempt to use a closed connection." in str(e)
+        else:
+            return False
+
+    def _dbapi_version(self) -> interfaces.VersionInfoType:
+        if not self.dbapi:
+            return ()
+        return self._parse_dbapi_version(self.dbapi.version)
+
+    def _parse_dbapi_version(self, vers: str) -> interfaces.VersionInfoType:
+        m = re.match(r"(?:py.*-)?([\d\.]+)(?:-(\w+))?", vers)
+        if not m:
+            return ()
+        vers_tuple: interfaces.VersionInfoType = tuple(
+            [int(x) for x in m.group(1).split(".")]
+        )
+        if m.group(2):
+            vers_tuple += (m.group(2),)
+        return vers_tuple
+
+    def _get_server_version_info(
+        self, connection: Connection
+    ) -> interfaces.VersionInfoType:
+        # NOTE: this function is not reliable, particularly when
+        # freetds is in use.   Implement database-specific server version
+        # queries.
+        dbapi_con = connection.connection.dbapi_connection
+        version: Tuple[Union[int, str], ...] = ()
+        r = re.compile(r"[.\-]")
+        for n in r.split(dbapi_con.getinfo(self.dbapi.SQL_DBMS_VER)):  # type: ignore[union-attr]  # noqa: E501
+            try:
+                version += (int(n),)
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+        return tuple(version)
+
+    def do_set_input_sizes(
+        self,
+        cursor: interfaces.DBAPICursor,
+        list_of_tuples: List[Tuple[str, Any, TypeEngine[Any]]],
+        context: ExecutionContext,
+    ) -> None:
+        # the rules for these types seems a little strange, as you can pass
+        # non-tuples as well as tuples, however it seems to assume "0"
+        # for the subsequent values if you don't pass a tuple which fails
+        # for types such as pyodbc.SQL_WLONGVARCHAR, which is the datatype
+        # that ticket #5649 is targeting.
+
+        # NOTE: as of #6058, this won't be called if the use_setinputsizes
+        # parameter were not passed to the dialect, or if no types were
+        # specified in list_of_tuples
+
+        # as of #8177 for 2.0 we assume use_setinputsizes=True and only
+        # omit the setinputsizes calls for .executemany() with
+        # fast_executemany=True
+
+        if (
+            context.execute_style is interfaces.ExecuteStyle.EXECUTEMANY
+            and self.fast_executemany
+        ):
+            return
+
+        cursor.setinputsizes(
+            [
+                (
+                    (dbtype, None, None)
+                    if not isinstance(dbtype, tuple)
+                    else dbtype
+                )
+                for key, dbtype, sqltype in list_of_tuples
+            ]
+        )
+
+    def get_isolation_level_values(
+        self, dbapi_conn: interfaces.DBAPIConnection
+    ) -> List[IsolationLevel]:
+        return [*super().get_isolation_level_values(dbapi_conn), "AUTOCOMMIT"]
+
+    def set_isolation_level(
+        self,
+        dbapi_connection: interfaces.DBAPIConnection,
+        level: IsolationLevel,
+    ) -> None:
+        # adjust for ConnectionFairy being present
+        # allows attribute set e.g. "connection.autocommit = True"
+        # to work properly
+
+        if level == "AUTOCOMMIT":
+            dbapi_connection.autocommit = True
+        else:
+            dbapi_connection.autocommit = False
+            super().set_isolation_level(dbapi_connection, level)
+
+    def detect_autocommit_setting(
+        self, dbapi_conn: interfaces.DBAPIConnection
+    ) -> bool:
+        return bool(dbapi_conn.autocommit)

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/cyextension/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# cyextension/__init__.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/cyextension/collections.pyx

@@ -0,0 +1,409 @@
+# cyextension/collections.pyx
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2024 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+cimport cython
+from cpython.long cimport PyLong_FromLongLong
+from cpython.set cimport PySet_Add
+
+from collections.abc import Collection
+from itertools import filterfalse
+
+cdef bint add_not_present(set seen, object item, hashfunc):
+    hash_value = hashfunc(item)
+    if hash_value not in seen:
+        PySet_Add(seen, hash_value)
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
+
+cdef list cunique_list(seq, hashfunc=None):
+    cdef set seen = set()
+    if not hashfunc:
+        return [x for x in seq if x not in seen and not PySet_Add(seen, x)]
+    else:
+        return [x for x in seq if add_not_present(seen, x, hashfunc)]
+
+def unique_list(seq, hashfunc=None):
+    return cunique_list(seq, hashfunc)
+
+cdef class OrderedSet(set):
+
+    cdef list _list
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __class_getitem__(cls, key):
+        return cls
+
+    def __init__(self, d=None):
+        set.__init__(self)
+        if d is not None:
+            self._list = cunique_list(d)
+            set.update(self, self._list)
+        else:
+            self._list = []
+
+    cpdef OrderedSet copy(self):
+        cdef OrderedSet cp = OrderedSet.__new__(OrderedSet)
+        cp._list = list(self._list)
+        set.update(cp, cp._list)
+        return cp
+
+    @cython.final
+    cdef OrderedSet _from_list(self, list new_list):
+        cdef OrderedSet new = OrderedSet.__new__(OrderedSet)
+        new._list = new_list
+        set.update(new, new_list)
+        return new
+
+    def add(self, element):
+        if element not in self:
+            self._list.append(element)
+            PySet_Add(self, element)
+
+    def remove(self, element):
+        # set.remove will raise if element is not in self
+        set.remove(self, element)
+        self._list.remove(element)
+
+    def pop(self):
+        try:
+            value = self._list.pop()
+        except IndexError:
+            raise KeyError("pop from an empty set") from None
+        set.remove(self, value)
+        return value
+
+    def insert(self, Py_ssize_t pos, element):
+        if element not in self:
+            self._list.insert(pos, element)
+            PySet_Add(self, element)
+
+    def discard(self, element):
+        if element in self:
+            set.remove(self, element)
+            self._list.remove(element)
+
+    def clear(self):
+        set.clear(self)
+        self._list = []
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        return self._list[key]
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._list)
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        return self.union(other)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "%s(%r)" % (self.__class__.__name__, self._list)
+
+    __str__ = __repr__
+
+    def update(self, *iterables):
+        for iterable in iterables:
+            for e in iterable:
+                if e not in self:
+                    self._list.append(e)
+                    set.add(self, e)
+
+    def __ior__(self, iterable):
+        self.update(iterable)
+        return self
+
+    def union(self, *other):
+        result = self.copy()
+        result.update(*other)
+        return result
+
+    def __or__(self, other):
+        return self.union(other)
+
+    def intersection(self, *other):
+        cdef set other_set = set.intersection(self, *other)
+        return self._from_list([a for a in self._list if a in other_set])
+
+    def __and__(self, other):
+        return self.intersection(other)
+
+    def symmetric_difference(self, other):
+        cdef set other_set
+        if isinstance(other, set):
+            other_set = <set> other
+            collection = other_set
+        elif isinstance(other, Collection):
+            collection = other
+            other_set = set(other)
+        else:
+            collection = list(other)
+            other_set = set(collection)
+        result = self._from_list([a for a in self._list if a not in other_set])
+        result.update(a for a in collection if a not in self)
+        return result
+
+    def __xor__(self, other):
+        return self.symmetric_difference(other)
+
+    def difference(self, *other):
+        cdef set other_set = set.difference(self, *other)
+        return self._from_list([a for a in self._list if a in other_set])
+
+    def __sub__(self, other):
+        return self.difference(other)
+
+    def intersection_update(self, *other):
+        set.intersection_update(self, *other)
+        self._list = [a for a in self._list if a in self]
+
+    def __iand__(self, other):
+        self.intersection_update(other)
+        return self
+
+    cpdef symmetric_difference_update(self, other):
+        collection = other if isinstance(other, Collection) else list(other)
+        set.symmetric_difference_update(self, collection)
+        self._list = [a for a in self._list if a in self]
+        self._list += [a for a in collection if a in self]
+
+    def __ixor__(self, other):
+        self.symmetric_difference_update(other)
+        return self
+
+    def difference_update(self, *other):
+        set.difference_update(self, *other)
+        self._list = [a for a in self._list if a in self]
+
+    def __isub__(self, other):
+        self.difference_update(other)
+        return self
+
+cdef object cy_id(object item):
+    return PyLong_FromLongLong(<long long> (<void *>item))
+
+# NOTE: cython 0.x will call __add__, __sub__, etc with the parameter swapped
+# instead of the __rmeth__, so they need to check that also self is of the
+# correct type. This is fixed in cython 3.x. See:
+# https://docs.cython.org/en/latest/src/userguide/special_methods.html#arithmetic-methods
+cdef class IdentitySet:
+    """A set that considers only object id() for uniqueness.
+
+    This strategy has edge cases for builtin types- it's possible to have
+    two 'foo' strings in one of these sets, for example.  Use sparingly.
+
+    """
+
+    cdef dict _members
+
+    def __init__(self, iterable=None):
+        self._members = {}
+        if iterable:
+            self.update(iterable)
+
+    def add(self, value):
+        self._members[cy_id(value)] = value
+
+    def __contains__(self, value):
+        return cy_id(value) in self._members
+
+    cpdef remove(self, value):
+        del self._members[cy_id(value)]
+
+    def discard(self, value):
+        try:
+            self.remove(value)
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+
+    def pop(self):
+        cdef tuple pair
+        try:
+            pair = self._members.popitem()
+            return pair[1]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise KeyError("pop from an empty set")
+
+    def clear(self):
+        self._members.clear()
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        cdef IdentitySet other_
+        if isinstance(other, IdentitySet):
+            other_ = other
+            return self._members == other_._members
+        else:
+            return False
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        cdef IdentitySet other_
+        if isinstance(other, IdentitySet):
+            other_ = other
+            return self._members != other_._members
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    cpdef issubset(self, iterable):
+        cdef IdentitySet other
+        if isinstance(iterable, self.__class__):
+            other = iterable
+        else:
+            other = self.__class__(iterable)
+
+        if len(self) > len(other):
+            return False
+        for m in filterfalse(other._members.__contains__, self._members):
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, IdentitySet):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return self.issubset(other)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, IdentitySet):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return len(self) < len(other) and self.issubset(other)
+
+    cpdef issuperset(self, iterable):
+        cdef IdentitySet other
+        if isinstance(iterable, self.__class__):
+            other = iterable
+        else:
+            other = self.__class__(iterable)
+
+        if len(self) < len(other):
+            return False
+        for m in filterfalse(self._members.__contains__, other._members):
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, IdentitySet):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return self.issuperset(other)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, IdentitySet):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return len(self) > len(other) and self.issuperset(other)
+
+    cpdef IdentitySet union(self, iterable):
+        cdef IdentitySet result = self.__class__()
+        result._members.update(self._members)
+        result.update(iterable)
+        return result
+
+    def __or__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, IdentitySet) or not isinstance(self, IdentitySet):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return self.union(other)
+
+    cpdef update(self, iterable):
+        for obj in iterable:
+            self._members[cy_id(obj)] = obj
+
+    def __ior__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, IdentitySet):
+            return NotImplemented
+        self.update(other)
+        return self
+
+    cpdef IdentitySet difference(self, iterable):
+        cdef IdentitySet result = self.__new__(self.__class__)
+        if isinstance(iterable, self.__class__):
+            other = (<IdentitySet>iterable)._members
+        else:
+            other = {cy_id(obj) for obj in iterable}
+        result._members = {k:v for k, v in self._members.items() if k not in other}
+        return result
+
+    def __sub__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, IdentitySet) or not isinstance(self, IdentitySet):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return self.difference(other)
+
+    cpdef difference_update(self, iterable):
+        cdef IdentitySet other = self.difference(iterable)
+        self._members = other._members
+
+    def __isub__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, IdentitySet):
+            return NotImplemented
+        self.difference_update(other)
+        return self
+
+    cpdef IdentitySet intersection(self, iterable):
+        cdef IdentitySet result = self.__new__(self.__class__)
+        if isinstance(iterable, self.__class__):
+            other = (<IdentitySet>iterable)._members
+        else:
+            other = {cy_id(obj) for obj in iterable}
+        result._members = {k: v for k, v in self._members.items() if k in other}
+        return result
+
+    def __and__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, IdentitySet) or not isinstance(self, IdentitySet):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return self.intersection(other)
+
+    cpdef intersection_update(self, iterable):
+        cdef IdentitySet other = self.intersection(iterable)
+        self._members = other._members
+
+    def __iand__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, IdentitySet):
+            return NotImplemented
+        self.intersection_update(other)
+        return self
+
+    cpdef IdentitySet symmetric_difference(self, iterable):
+        cdef IdentitySet result = self.__new__(self.__class__)
+        cdef dict other
+        if isinstance(iterable, self.__class__):
+            other = (<IdentitySet>iterable)._members
+        else:
+            other = {cy_id(obj): obj for obj in iterable}
+        result._members = {k: v for k, v in self._members.items() if k not in other}
+        result._members.update(
+            [(k, v) for k, v in other.items() if k not in self._members]
+        )
+        return result
+
+    def __xor__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, IdentitySet) or not isinstance(self, IdentitySet):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return self.symmetric_difference(other)
+
+    cpdef symmetric_difference_update(self, iterable):
+        cdef IdentitySet other = self.symmetric_difference(iterable)
+        self._members = other._members
+
+    def __ixor__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, IdentitySet):
+            return NotImplemented
+        self.symmetric_difference(other)
+        return self
+
+    cpdef IdentitySet copy(self):
+        cdef IdentitySet cp = self.__new__(self.__class__)
+        cp._members = self._members.copy()
+        return cp
+
+    def __copy__(self):
+        return self.copy()
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._members)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._members.values())
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        raise TypeError("set objects are unhashable")
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "%s(%r)" % (type(self).__name__, list(self._members.values()))

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/cyextension/immutabledict.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# cyextension/immutabledict.pxd
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2024 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+cdef class immutabledict(dict):
+    pass

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/cyextension/immutabledict.pyx

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+# cyextension/immutabledict.pyx
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2024 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+from cpython.dict cimport PyDict_New, PyDict_Update, PyDict_Size
+
+
+def _readonly_fn(obj):
+    raise TypeError(
+        "%s object is immutable and/or readonly" % obj.__class__.__name__)
+
+
+def _immutable_fn(obj):
+    raise TypeError(
+        "%s object is immutable" % obj.__class__.__name__)
+
+
+class ReadOnlyContainer:
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _readonly(self, *a,**kw):
+        _readonly_fn(self)
+
+    __delitem__ = __setitem__ = __setattr__ = _readonly
+
+
+class ImmutableDictBase(dict):
+    def _immutable(self, *a,**kw):
+        _immutable_fn(self)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __class_getitem__(cls, key):
+        return cls
+
+    __delitem__ = __setitem__ = __setattr__ = _immutable
+    clear = pop = popitem = setdefault = update = _immutable
+
+
+cdef class immutabledict(dict):
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"immutabledict({dict.__repr__(self)})"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __class_getitem__(cls, key):
+        return cls
+
+    def union(self, *args, **kw):
+        cdef dict to_merge = None
+        cdef immutabledict result
+        cdef Py_ssize_t args_len = len(args)
+        if args_len > 1:
+            raise TypeError(
+                f'union expected at most 1 argument, got {args_len}'
+            )
+        if args_len == 1:
+            attribute = args[0]
+            if isinstance(attribute, dict):
+                to_merge = <dict> attribute
+        if to_merge is None:
+            to_merge = dict(*args, **kw)
+
+        if PyDict_Size(to_merge) == 0:
+            return self
+
+        # new + update is faster than immutabledict(self)
+        result = immutabledict()
+        PyDict_Update(result, self)
+        PyDict_Update(result, to_merge)
+        return result
+
+    def merge_with(self, *other):
+        cdef immutabledict result = None
+        cdef object d
+        cdef bint update = False
+        if not other:
+            return self
+        for d in other:
+            if d:
+                if update == False:
+                    update = True
+                    # new + update is faster than immutabledict(self)
+                    result = immutabledict()
+                    PyDict_Update(result, self)
+                PyDict_Update(
+                    result, <dict>(d if isinstance(d, dict) else dict(d))
+                )
+
+        return self if update == False else result
+
+    def copy(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        return immutabledict, (dict(self), )
+
+    def __delitem__(self, k):
+        _immutable_fn(self)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, k, v):
+        _immutable_fn(self)
+
+    def __setattr__(self, k, v):
+        _immutable_fn(self)
+
+    def clear(self, *args, **kw):
+        _immutable_fn(self)
+
+    def pop(self, *args, **kw):
+        _immutable_fn(self)
+
+    def popitem(self, *args, **kw):
+        _immutable_fn(self)
+
+    def setdefault(self, *args, **kw):
+        _immutable_fn(self)
+
+    def update(self, *args, **kw):
+        _immutable_fn(self)
+
+    # PEP 584
+    def __ior__(self, other):
+        _immutable_fn(self)
+
+    def __or__(self, other):
+        return immutabledict(dict.__or__(self, other))
+
+    def __ror__(self, other):
+        # NOTE: this is used only in cython 3.x;
+        # version 0.x will call __or__ with args inversed
+        return immutabledict(dict.__ror__(self, other))

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/cyextension/processors.pyx

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# cyextension/processors.pyx
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2024 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+import datetime
+from datetime import datetime as datetime_cls
+from datetime import time as time_cls
+from datetime import date as date_cls
+import re
+
+from cpython.object cimport PyObject_Str
+from cpython.unicode cimport PyUnicode_AsASCIIString, PyUnicode_Check, PyUnicode_Decode
+from libc.stdio cimport sscanf
+
+
+def int_to_boolean(value):
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+    return True if value else False
+
+def to_str(value):
+    return PyObject_Str(value) if value is not None else None
+
+def to_float(value):
+    return float(value) if value is not None else None
+
+cdef inline bytes to_bytes(object value, str type_name):
+    try:
+        return PyUnicode_AsASCIIString(value)
+    except Exception as e:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Couldn't parse {type_name} string '{value!r}' "
+            "- value is not a string."
+        ) from e
+
+def str_to_datetime(value):
+    if value is not None:
+        value = datetime_cls.fromisoformat(value)
+    return value
+
+def str_to_time(value):
+    if value is not None:
+        value = time_cls.fromisoformat(value)
+    return value
+
+
+def str_to_date(value):
+    if value is not None:
+        value = date_cls.fromisoformat(value)
+    return value
+
+
+
+cdef class DecimalResultProcessor:
+    cdef object type_
+    cdef str format_
+
+    def __cinit__(self, type_, format_):
+        self.type_ = type_
+        self.format_ = format_
+
+    def process(self, object value):
+        if value is None:
+            return None
+        else:
+            return self.type_(self.format_ % value)

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/cyextension/resultproxy.pyx

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+# cyextension/resultproxy.pyx
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2024 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+import operator
+
+cdef class BaseRow:
+    cdef readonly object _parent
+    cdef readonly dict _key_to_index
+    cdef readonly tuple _data
+
+    def __init__(self, object parent, object processors, dict key_to_index, object data):
+        """Row objects are constructed by CursorResult objects."""
+
+        self._parent = parent
+
+        self._key_to_index = key_to_index
+
+        if processors:
+            self._data = _apply_processors(processors, data)
+        else:
+            self._data = tuple(data)
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        return (
+            rowproxy_reconstructor,
+            (self.__class__, self.__getstate__()),
+        )
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return {"_parent": self._parent, "_data": self._data}
+
+    def __setstate__(self, dict state):
+        parent = state["_parent"]
+        self._parent = parent
+        self._data = state["_data"]
+        self._key_to_index = parent._key_to_index
+
+    def _values_impl(self):
+        return list(self)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._data)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._data)
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self._data)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        return self._data[index]
+
+    def _get_by_key_impl_mapping(self, key):
+        return self._get_by_key_impl(key, 0)
+
+    cdef _get_by_key_impl(self, object key, int attr_err):
+        index = self._key_to_index.get(key)
+        if index is not None:
+            return self._data[<int>index]
+        self._parent._key_not_found(key, attr_err != 0)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return self._get_by_key_impl(name, 1)
+
+    def _to_tuple_instance(self):
+        return self._data
+
+
+cdef tuple _apply_processors(proc, data):
+    res = []
+    for i in range(len(proc)):
+        p = proc[i]
+        if p is None:
+            res.append(data[i])
+        else:
+            res.append(p(data[i]))
+    return tuple(res)
+
+
+def rowproxy_reconstructor(cls, state):
+    obj = cls.__new__(cls)
+    obj.__setstate__(state)
+    return obj
+
+
+cdef int is_contiguous(tuple indexes):
+    cdef int i
+    for i in range(1, len(indexes)):
+        if indexes[i-1] != indexes[i] -1:
+            return 0
+    return 1
+
+
+def tuplegetter(*indexes):
+    if len(indexes) == 1 or is_contiguous(indexes) != 0:
+        # slice form is faster but returns a list if input is list
+        return operator.itemgetter(slice(indexes[0], indexes[-1] + 1))
+    else:
+        return operator.itemgetter(*indexes)

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/cyextension/util.pyx

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+# cyextension/util.pyx
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2024 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+from collections.abc import Mapping
+
+from sqlalchemy import exc
+
+cdef tuple _Empty_Tuple = ()
+
+cdef inline bint _is_mapping_or_tuple(object value):
+    return isinstance(value, dict) or isinstance(value, tuple) or isinstance(value, Mapping)
+
+
+cdef inline bint _is_mapping(object value):
+    return isinstance(value, dict) or isinstance(value, Mapping)
+
+
+def _distill_params_20(object params):
+    if params is None:
+        return _Empty_Tuple
+    elif isinstance(params, list) or isinstance(params, tuple):
+        if params and not _is_mapping(params[0]):
+            raise exc.ArgumentError(
+                "List argument must consist only of dictionaries"
+            )
+        return params
+    elif _is_mapping(params):
+        return [params]
+    else:
+        raise exc.ArgumentError("mapping or list expected for parameters")
+
+
+def _distill_raw_params(object params):
+    if params is None:
+        return _Empty_Tuple
+    elif isinstance(params, list):
+        if params and not _is_mapping_or_tuple(params[0]):
+            raise exc.ArgumentError(
+                "List argument must consist only of tuples or dictionaries"
+            )
+        return params
+    elif _is_mapping_or_tuple(params):
+        return [params]
+    else:
+        raise exc.ArgumentError("mapping or sequence expected for parameters")
+
+cdef class prefix_anon_map(dict):
+    def __missing__(self, str key):
+        cdef str derived
+        cdef int anonymous_counter
+        cdef dict self_dict = self
+
+        derived = key.split(" ", 1)[1]
+
+        anonymous_counter = self_dict.get(derived, 1)
+        self_dict[derived] = anonymous_counter + 1
+        value = f"{derived}_{anonymous_counter}"
+        self_dict[key] = value
+        return value
+
+
+cdef class cache_anon_map(dict):
+    cdef int _index
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._index = 0
+
+    def get_anon(self, obj):
+        cdef long long idself
+        cdef str id_
+        cdef dict self_dict = self
+
+        idself = id(obj)
+        if idself in self_dict:
+            return self_dict[idself], True
+        else:
+            id_ = self.__missing__(idself)
+            return id_, False
+
+    def __missing__(self, key):
+        cdef str val
+        cdef dict self_dict = self
+
+        self_dict[key] = val = str(self._index)
+        self._index += 1
+        return val
+

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/dialects/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# dialects/__init__.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Type
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from .. import util
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ..engine.interfaces import Dialect
+
+__all__ = ("mssql", "mysql", "oracle", "postgresql", "sqlite")
+
+
+def _auto_fn(name: str) -> Optional[Callable[[], Type[Dialect]]]:
+    """default dialect importer.
+
+    plugs into the :class:`.PluginLoader`
+    as a first-hit system.
+
+    """
+    if "." in name:
+        dialect, driver = name.split(".")
+    else:
+        dialect = name
+        driver = "base"
+
+    try:
+        if dialect == "mariadb":
+            # it's "OK" for us to hardcode here since _auto_fn is already
+            # hardcoded.   if mysql / mariadb etc were third party dialects
+            # they would just publish all the entrypoints, which would actually
+            # look much nicer.
+            module: Any = __import__(
+                "sqlalchemy.dialects.mysql.mariadb"
+            ).dialects.mysql.mariadb
+            return module.loader(driver)  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            module = __import__("sqlalchemy.dialects.%s" % (dialect,)).dialects
+            module = getattr(module, dialect)
+    except ImportError:
+        return None
+
+    if hasattr(module, driver):
+        module = getattr(module, driver)
+        return lambda: module.dialect
+    else:
+        return None
+
+
+registry = util.PluginLoader("sqlalchemy.dialects", auto_fn=_auto_fn)
+
+plugins = util.PluginLoader("sqlalchemy.plugins")

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/dialects/_typing.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# dialects/_typing.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Mapping
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Union
+
+from ..sql import roles
+from ..sql.base import ColumnCollection
+from ..sql.schema import Column
+from ..sql.schema import ColumnCollectionConstraint
+from ..sql.schema import Index
+
+
+_OnConflictConstraintT = Union[str, ColumnCollectionConstraint, Index, None]
+_OnConflictIndexElementsT = Optional[
+    Iterable[Union[Column[Any], str, roles.DDLConstraintColumnRole]]
+]
+_OnConflictIndexWhereT = Optional[roles.WhereHavingRole]
+_OnConflictSetT = Optional[
+    Union[Mapping[Any, Any], ColumnCollection[Any, Any]]
+]
+_OnConflictWhereT = Optional[roles.WhereHavingRole]

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/dialects/type_migration_guidelines.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+Rules for Migrating TypeEngine classes to 0.6
+---------------------------------------------
+
+1. the TypeEngine classes are used for:
+
+    a. Specifying behavior which needs to occur for bind parameters
+    or result row columns.
+
+    b. Specifying types that are entirely specific to the database
+    in use and have no analogue in the sqlalchemy.types package.
+
+    c. Specifying types where there is an analogue in sqlalchemy.types,
+    but the database in use takes vendor-specific flags for those
+    types.
+
+    d. If a TypeEngine class doesn't provide any of this, it should be
+    *removed* from the dialect.
+
+2. the TypeEngine classes are *no longer* used for generating DDL.  Dialects
+now have a TypeCompiler subclass which uses the same visit_XXX model as
+other compilers.
+
+3. the "ischema_names" and "colspecs" dictionaries are now required members on
+the Dialect class.
+
+4. The names of types within dialects are now important.   If a dialect-specific type
+is a subclass of an existing generic type and is only provided for bind/result behavior, 
+the current mixed case naming can remain, i.e. _PGNumeric for Numeric - in this case, 
+end users would never need to use _PGNumeric directly.   However, if a dialect-specific 
+type is specifying a type *or* arguments that are not present generically, it should
+match the real name of the type on that backend, in uppercase.  E.g. postgresql.INET,
+mysql.ENUM, postgresql.ARRAY.
+
+Or follow this handy flowchart:
+
+    is the type meant to provide bind/result                  is the type the same name as an
+    behavior to a generic type (i.e. MixedCase)  ---- no ---> UPPERCASE type in types.py ?
+    type in types.py ?                                          |                     |
+                    |                                           no                    yes
+                   yes                                          |                     |
+                    |                                           |             does your type need special
+                    |                                           +<--- yes --- behavior or arguments ?
+                    |                                           |                               |
+                    |                                           |                              no
+           name the type using                                  |                               |
+           _MixedCase, i.e.                                     v                               V
+           _OracleBoolean. it                          name the type                        don't make a
+           stays private to the dialect                identically as that                  type, make sure the dialect's
+           and is invoked *only* via                   within the DB,                       base.py imports the types.py
+           the colspecs dict.                          using UPPERCASE                      UPPERCASE name into its namespace
+                    |                                  (i.e. BIT, NCHAR, INTERVAL).
+                    |                                  Users can import it.
+                    |                                       |
+                    v                                       v
+           subclass the closest                        is the name of this type
+           MixedCase type types.py,                    identical to an UPPERCASE
+           i.e.                        <--- no ------- name in types.py ?
+           class _DateTime(types.DateTime),
+           class DATETIME2(types.DateTime),                   |
+           class BIT(types.TypeEngine).                      yes
+                                                              |
+                                                              v
+                                                        the type should
+                                                        subclass the
+                                                        UPPERCASE
+                                                        type in types.py
+                                                        (i.e. class BLOB(types.BLOB))
+
+
+Example 1.   pysqlite needs bind/result processing for the DateTime type in types.py, 
+which applies to all DateTimes and subclasses.   It's named _SLDateTime and 
+subclasses types.DateTime.
+
+Example 2.  MS-SQL has a TIME type which takes a non-standard "precision" argument
+that is rendered within DDL.   So it's named TIME in the MS-SQL dialect's base.py, 
+and subclasses types.TIME.  Users can then say mssql.TIME(precision=10).
+
+Example 3.  MS-SQL dialects also need special bind/result processing for date 
+But its DATE type doesn't render DDL differently than that of a plain 
+DATE, i.e. it takes no special arguments.  Therefore we are just adding behavior
+to types.Date, so it's named _MSDate in the MS-SQL dialect's base.py, and subclasses
+types.Date.
+
+Example 4.  MySQL has a SET type, there's no analogue for this in types.py. So
+MySQL names it SET in the dialect's base.py, and it subclasses types.String, since 
+it ultimately deals with strings.
+
+Example 5.  PostgreSQL has a DATETIME type.  The DBAPIs handle dates correctly,
+and no special arguments are used in PG's DDL beyond what types.py provides.
+PostgreSQL dialect therefore imports types.DATETIME into its base.py.
+
+Ideally one should be able to specify a schema using names imported completely from a 
+dialect, all matching the real name on that backend:
+
+   from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import base as pg
+
+   t = Table('mytable', metadata,
+              Column('id', pg.INTEGER, primary_key=True),
+              Column('name', pg.VARCHAR(300)),
+              Column('inetaddr', pg.INET)
+   )
+
+where above, the INTEGER and VARCHAR types are ultimately from sqlalchemy.types, 
+but the PG dialect makes them available in its own namespace.
+
+5. "colspecs" now is a dictionary of generic or uppercased types from sqlalchemy.types
+linked to types specified in the dialect.   Again, if a type in the dialect does not
+specify any special behavior for bind_processor() or result_processor() and does not
+indicate a special type only available in this database, it must be *removed* from the 
+module and from this dictionary.
+
+6. "ischema_names" indicates string descriptions of types as returned from the database
+linked to TypeEngine classes.
+
+    a. The string name should be matched to the most specific type possible within
+    sqlalchemy.types, unless there is no matching type within sqlalchemy.types in which
+    case it points to a dialect type.   *It doesn't matter* if the dialect has its 
+    own subclass of that type with special bind/result behavior - reflect to the types.py
+    UPPERCASE type as much as possible.   With very few exceptions, all types
+    should reflect to an UPPERCASE type.
+
+    b. If the dialect contains a matching dialect-specific type that takes extra arguments 
+    which the generic one does not, then point to the dialect-specific type.  E.g.
+    mssql.VARCHAR takes a "collation" parameter which should be preserved.
+
+5. DDL, or what was formerly issued by "get_col_spec()", is now handled exclusively by
+a subclass of compiler.GenericTypeCompiler.
+
+    a. your TypeCompiler class will receive generic and uppercase types from 
+    sqlalchemy.types.  Do not assume the presence of dialect-specific attributes on
+    these types. 
+
+    b. the visit_UPPERCASE methods on GenericTypeCompiler should *not* be overridden with
+    methods that produce a different DDL name.   Uppercase types don't do any kind of 
+    "guessing" - if visit_TIMESTAMP is called, the DDL should render as TIMESTAMP in
+    all cases, regardless of whether or not that type is legal on the backend database.
+
+    c. the visit_UPPERCASE methods *should* be overridden with methods that add additional
+    arguments and flags to those types.
+
+    d. the visit_lowercase methods are overridden to provide an interpretation of a generic 
+    type.  E.g.  visit_large_binary() might be overridden to say "return self.visit_BIT(type_)".
+
+    e. visit_lowercase methods should *never* render strings directly - it should always
+    be via calling a visit_UPPERCASE() method.

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# engine/__init__.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+
+"""SQL connections, SQL execution and high-level DB-API interface.
+
+The engine package defines the basic components used to interface
+DB-API modules with higher-level statement construction,
+connection-management, execution and result contexts.  The primary
+"entry point" class into this package is the Engine and its public
+constructor ``create_engine()``.
+
+"""
+
+from . import events as events
+from . import util as util
+from .base import Connection as Connection
+from .base import Engine as Engine
+from .base import NestedTransaction as NestedTransaction
+from .base import RootTransaction as RootTransaction
+from .base import Transaction as Transaction
+from .base import TwoPhaseTransaction as TwoPhaseTransaction
+from .create import create_engine as create_engine
+from .create import create_pool_from_url as create_pool_from_url
+from .create import engine_from_config as engine_from_config
+from .cursor import CursorResult as CursorResult
+from .cursor import ResultProxy as ResultProxy
+from .interfaces import AdaptedConnection as AdaptedConnection
+from .interfaces import BindTyping as BindTyping
+from .interfaces import Compiled as Compiled
+from .interfaces import Connectable as Connectable
+from .interfaces import ConnectArgsType as ConnectArgsType
+from .interfaces import ConnectionEventsTarget as ConnectionEventsTarget
+from .interfaces import CreateEnginePlugin as CreateEnginePlugin
+from .interfaces import Dialect as Dialect
+from .interfaces import ExceptionContext as ExceptionContext
+from .interfaces import ExecutionContext as ExecutionContext
+from .interfaces import TypeCompiler as TypeCompiler
+from .mock import create_mock_engine as create_mock_engine
+from .reflection import Inspector as Inspector
+from .reflection import ObjectKind as ObjectKind
+from .reflection import ObjectScope as ObjectScope
+from .result import ChunkedIteratorResult as ChunkedIteratorResult
+from .result import FilterResult as FilterResult
+from .result import FrozenResult as FrozenResult
+from .result import IteratorResult as IteratorResult
+from .result import MappingResult as MappingResult
+from .result import MergedResult as MergedResult
+from .result import Result as Result
+from .result import result_tuple as result_tuple
+from .result import ScalarResult as ScalarResult
+from .result import TupleResult as TupleResult
+from .row import BaseRow as BaseRow
+from .row import Row as Row
+from .row import RowMapping as RowMapping
+from .url import make_url as make_url
+from .url import URL as URL
+from .util import connection_memoize as connection_memoize
+from ..sql import ddl as ddl

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/_py_processors.py

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# engine/_py_processors.py
+# Copyright (C) 2010-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+# Copyright (C) 2010 Gaetan de Menten gdementen@gmail.com
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+
+"""defines generic type conversion functions, as used in bind and result
+processors.
+
+They all share one common characteristic: None is passed through unchanged.
+
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import datetime
+from datetime import date as date_cls
+from datetime import datetime as datetime_cls
+from datetime import time as time_cls
+from decimal import Decimal
+import typing
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Type
+from typing import TypeVar
+from typing import Union
+
+
+_DT = TypeVar(
+    "_DT", bound=Union[datetime.datetime, datetime.time, datetime.date]
+)
+
+
+def str_to_datetime_processor_factory(
+    regexp: typing.Pattern[str], type_: Callable[..., _DT]
+) -> Callable[[Optional[str]], Optional[_DT]]:
+    rmatch = regexp.match
+    # Even on python2.6 datetime.strptime is both slower than this code
+    # and it does not support microseconds.
+    has_named_groups = bool(regexp.groupindex)
+
+    def process(value: Optional[str]) -> Optional[_DT]:
+        if value is None:
+            return None
+        else:
+            try:
+                m = rmatch(value)
+            except TypeError as err:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Couldn't parse %s string '%r' "
+                    "- value is not a string." % (type_.__name__, value)
+                ) from err
+
+            if m is None:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Couldn't parse %s string: "
+                    "'%s'" % (type_.__name__, value)
+                )
+            if has_named_groups:
+                groups = m.groupdict(0)
+                return type_(
+                    **dict(
+                        list(
+                            zip(
+                                iter(groups.keys()),
+                                list(map(int, iter(groups.values()))),
+                            )
+                        )
+                    )
+                )
+            else:
+                return type_(*list(map(int, m.groups(0))))
+
+    return process
+
+
+def to_decimal_processor_factory(
+    target_class: Type[Decimal], scale: int
+) -> Callable[[Optional[float]], Optional[Decimal]]:
+    fstring = "%%.%df" % scale
+
+    def process(value: Optional[float]) -> Optional[Decimal]:
+        if value is None:
+            return None
+        else:
+            return target_class(fstring % value)
+
+    return process
+
+
+def to_float(value: Optional[Union[int, float]]) -> Optional[float]:
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+    else:
+        return float(value)
+
+
+def to_str(value: Optional[Any]) -> Optional[str]:
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+    else:
+        return str(value)
+
+
+def int_to_boolean(value: Optional[int]) -> Optional[bool]:
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+    else:
+        return bool(value)
+
+
+def str_to_datetime(value: Optional[str]) -> Optional[datetime.datetime]:
+    if value is not None:
+        dt_value = datetime_cls.fromisoformat(value)
+    else:
+        dt_value = None
+    return dt_value
+
+
+def str_to_time(value: Optional[str]) -> Optional[datetime.time]:
+    if value is not None:
+        dt_value = time_cls.fromisoformat(value)
+    else:
+        dt_value = None
+    return dt_value
+
+
+def str_to_date(value: Optional[str]) -> Optional[datetime.date]:
+    if value is not None:
+        dt_value = date_cls.fromisoformat(value)
+    else:
+        dt_value = None
+    return dt_value

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/_py_row.py

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+# engine/_py_row.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import operator
+import typing
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import List
+from typing import Mapping
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Tuple
+from typing import Type
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .result import _KeyType
+    from .result import _ProcessorsType
+    from .result import _RawRowType
+    from .result import _TupleGetterType
+    from .result import ResultMetaData
+
+MD_INDEX = 0  # integer index in cursor.description
+
+
+class BaseRow:
+    __slots__ = ("_parent", "_data", "_key_to_index")
+
+    _parent: ResultMetaData
+    _key_to_index: Mapping[_KeyType, int]
+    _data: _RawRowType
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        parent: ResultMetaData,
+        processors: Optional[_ProcessorsType],
+        key_to_index: Mapping[_KeyType, int],
+        data: _RawRowType,
+    ):
+        """Row objects are constructed by CursorResult objects."""
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_parent", parent)
+
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_key_to_index", key_to_index)
+
+        if processors:
+            object.__setattr__(
+                self,
+                "_data",
+                tuple(
+                    [
+                        proc(value) if proc else value
+                        for proc, value in zip(processors, data)
+                    ]
+                ),
+            )
+        else:
+            object.__setattr__(self, "_data", tuple(data))
+
+    def __reduce__(self) -> Tuple[Callable[..., BaseRow], Tuple[Any, ...]]:
+        return (
+            rowproxy_reconstructor,
+            (self.__class__, self.__getstate__()),
+        )
+
+    def __getstate__(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return {"_parent": self._parent, "_data": self._data}
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        parent = state["_parent"]
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_parent", parent)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_data", state["_data"])
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_key_to_index", parent._key_to_index)
+
+    def _values_impl(self) -> List[Any]:
+        return list(self)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[Any]:
+        return iter(self._data)
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._data)
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self._data)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: Any) -> Any:
+        return self._data[key]
+
+    def _get_by_key_impl_mapping(self, key: str) -> Any:
+        try:
+            return self._data[self._key_to_index[key]]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        self._parent._key_not_found(key, False)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> Any:
+        try:
+            return self._data[self._key_to_index[name]]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        self._parent._key_not_found(name, True)
+
+    def _to_tuple_instance(self) -> Tuple[Any, ...]:
+        return self._data
+
+
+# This reconstructor is necessary so that pickles with the Cy extension or
+# without use the same Binary format.
+def rowproxy_reconstructor(
+    cls: Type[BaseRow], state: Dict[str, Any]
+) -> BaseRow:
+    obj = cls.__new__(cls)
+    obj.__setstate__(state)
+    return obj
+
+
+def tuplegetter(*indexes: int) -> _TupleGetterType:
+    if len(indexes) != 1:
+        for i in range(1, len(indexes)):
+            if indexes[i - 1] != indexes[i] - 1:
+                return operator.itemgetter(*indexes)
+    # slice form is faster but returns a list if input is list
+    return operator.itemgetter(slice(indexes[0], indexes[-1] + 1))

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/_py_util.py

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# engine/_py_util.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import typing
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Mapping
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Tuple
+
+from .. import exc
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .interfaces import _CoreAnyExecuteParams
+    from .interfaces import _CoreMultiExecuteParams
+    from .interfaces import _DBAPIAnyExecuteParams
+    from .interfaces import _DBAPIMultiExecuteParams
+
+
+_no_tuple: Tuple[Any, ...] = ()
+
+
+def _distill_params_20(
+    params: Optional[_CoreAnyExecuteParams],
+) -> _CoreMultiExecuteParams:
+    if params is None:
+        return _no_tuple
+    # Assume list is more likely than tuple
+    elif isinstance(params, list) or isinstance(params, tuple):
+        # collections_abc.MutableSequence): # avoid abc.__instancecheck__
+        if params and not isinstance(params[0], Mapping):
+            raise exc.ArgumentError(
+                "List argument must consist only of dictionaries"
+            )
+
+        return params
+    elif isinstance(params, dict) or isinstance(
+        # only do immutabledict or abc.__instancecheck__ for Mapping after
+        # we've checked for plain dictionaries and would otherwise raise
+        params,
+        Mapping,
+    ):
+        return [params]
+    else:
+        raise exc.ArgumentError("mapping or list expected for parameters")
+
+
+def _distill_raw_params(
+    params: Optional[_DBAPIAnyExecuteParams],
+) -> _DBAPIMultiExecuteParams:
+    if params is None:
+        return _no_tuple
+    elif isinstance(params, list):
+        # collections_abc.MutableSequence): # avoid abc.__instancecheck__
+        if params and not isinstance(params[0], (tuple, Mapping)):
+            raise exc.ArgumentError(
+                "List argument must consist only of tuples or dictionaries"
+            )
+
+        return params
+    elif isinstance(params, (tuple, dict)) or isinstance(
+        # only do abc.__instancecheck__ for Mapping after we've checked
+        # for plain dictionaries and would otherwise raise
+        params,
+        Mapping,
+    ):
+        # cast("Union[List[Mapping[str, Any]], Tuple[Any, ...]]", [params])
+        return [params]  # type: ignore
+    else:
+        raise exc.ArgumentError("mapping or sequence expected for parameters")

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/characteristics.py

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+# engine/characteristics.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import abc
+import typing
+from typing import Any
+from typing import ClassVar
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .base import Connection
+    from .interfaces import DBAPIConnection
+    from .interfaces import Dialect
+
+
+class ConnectionCharacteristic(abc.ABC):
+    """An abstract base for an object that can set, get and reset a
+    per-connection characteristic, typically one that gets reset when the
+    connection is returned to the connection pool.
+
+    transaction isolation is the canonical example, and the
+    ``IsolationLevelCharacteristic`` implementation provides this for the
+    ``DefaultDialect``.
+
+    The ``ConnectionCharacteristic`` class should call upon the ``Dialect`` for
+    the implementation of each method.   The object exists strictly to serve as
+    a dialect visitor that can be placed into the
+    ``DefaultDialect.connection_characteristics`` dictionary where it will take
+    effect for calls to :meth:`_engine.Connection.execution_options` and
+    related APIs.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.4
+
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    transactional: ClassVar[bool] = False
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def reset_characteristic(
+        self, dialect: Dialect, dbapi_conn: DBAPIConnection
+    ) -> None:
+        """Reset the characteristic on the DBAPI connection to its default
+        value."""
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def set_characteristic(
+        self, dialect: Dialect, dbapi_conn: DBAPIConnection, value: Any
+    ) -> None:
+        """set characteristic on the DBAPI connection to a given value."""
+
+    def set_connection_characteristic(
+        self,
+        dialect: Dialect,
+        conn: Connection,
+        dbapi_conn: DBAPIConnection,
+        value: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """set characteristic on the :class:`_engine.Connection` to a given
+        value.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0.30 - added to support elements that are local
+           to the :class:`_engine.Connection` itself.
+
+        """
+        self.set_characteristic(dialect, dbapi_conn, value)
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def get_characteristic(
+        self, dialect: Dialect, dbapi_conn: DBAPIConnection
+    ) -> Any:
+        """Given a DBAPI connection, get the current value of the
+        characteristic.
+
+        """
+
+    def get_connection_characteristic(
+        self, dialect: Dialect, conn: Connection, dbapi_conn: DBAPIConnection
+    ) -> Any:
+        """Given a :class:`_engine.Connection`, get the current value of the
+        characteristic.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0.30 - added to support elements that are local
+           to the :class:`_engine.Connection` itself.
+
+        """
+        return self.get_characteristic(dialect, dbapi_conn)
+
+
+class IsolationLevelCharacteristic(ConnectionCharacteristic):
+    """Manage the isolation level on a DBAPI connection"""
+
+    transactional: ClassVar[bool] = True
+
+    def reset_characteristic(
+        self, dialect: Dialect, dbapi_conn: DBAPIConnection
+    ) -> None:
+        dialect.reset_isolation_level(dbapi_conn)
+
+    def set_characteristic(
+        self, dialect: Dialect, dbapi_conn: DBAPIConnection, value: Any
+    ) -> None:
+        dialect._assert_and_set_isolation_level(dbapi_conn, value)
+
+    def get_characteristic(
+        self, dialect: Dialect, dbapi_conn: DBAPIConnection
+    ) -> Any:
+        return dialect.get_isolation_level(dbapi_conn)
+
+
+class LoggingTokenCharacteristic(ConnectionCharacteristic):
+    """Manage the 'logging_token' option of a :class:`_engine.Connection`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0.30
+
+    """
+
+    transactional: ClassVar[bool] = False
+
+    def reset_characteristic(
+        self, dialect: Dialect, dbapi_conn: DBAPIConnection
+    ) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def set_characteristic(
+        self, dialect: Dialect, dbapi_conn: DBAPIConnection, value: Any
+    ) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def set_connection_characteristic(
+        self,
+        dialect: Dialect,
+        conn: Connection,
+        dbapi_conn: DBAPIConnection,
+        value: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        if value:
+            conn._message_formatter = lambda msg: "[%s] %s" % (value, msg)
+        else:
+            del conn._message_formatter
+
+    def get_characteristic(
+        self, dialect: Dialect, dbapi_conn: DBAPIConnection
+    ) -> Any:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def get_connection_characteristic(
+        self, dialect: Dialect, conn: Connection, dbapi_conn: DBAPIConnection
+    ) -> Any:
+        return conn._execution_options.get("logging_token", None)

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/create.py

@@ -0,0 +1,899 @@
+# engine/create.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import inspect
+import typing
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import cast
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import List
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import overload
+from typing import Type
+from typing import Union
+
+from . import base
+from . import url as _url
+from .interfaces import DBAPIConnection
+from .mock import create_mock_engine
+from .. import event
+from .. import exc
+from .. import util
+from ..pool import _AdhocProxiedConnection
+from ..pool import ConnectionPoolEntry
+from ..sql import compiler
+from ..util import immutabledict
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .base import Engine
+    from .interfaces import _ExecuteOptions
+    from .interfaces import _ParamStyle
+    from .interfaces import IsolationLevel
+    from .url import URL
+    from ..log import _EchoFlagType
+    from ..pool import _CreatorFnType
+    from ..pool import _CreatorWRecFnType
+    from ..pool import _ResetStyleArgType
+    from ..pool import Pool
+    from ..util.typing import Literal
+
+
+@overload
+def create_engine(
+    url: Union[str, URL],
+    *,
+    connect_args: Dict[Any, Any] = ...,
+    convert_unicode: bool = ...,
+    creator: Union[_CreatorFnType, _CreatorWRecFnType] = ...,
+    echo: _EchoFlagType = ...,
+    echo_pool: _EchoFlagType = ...,
+    enable_from_linting: bool = ...,
+    execution_options: _ExecuteOptions = ...,
+    future: Literal[True],
+    hide_parameters: bool = ...,
+    implicit_returning: Literal[True] = ...,
+    insertmanyvalues_page_size: int = ...,
+    isolation_level: IsolationLevel = ...,
+    json_deserializer: Callable[..., Any] = ...,
+    json_serializer: Callable[..., Any] = ...,
+    label_length: Optional[int] = ...,
+    logging_name: str = ...,
+    max_identifier_length: Optional[int] = ...,
+    max_overflow: int = ...,
+    module: Optional[Any] = ...,
+    paramstyle: Optional[_ParamStyle] = ...,
+    pool: Optional[Pool] = ...,
+    poolclass: Optional[Type[Pool]] = ...,
+    pool_logging_name: str = ...,
+    pool_pre_ping: bool = ...,
+    pool_size: int = ...,
+    pool_recycle: int = ...,
+    pool_reset_on_return: Optional[_ResetStyleArgType] = ...,
+    pool_timeout: float = ...,
+    pool_use_lifo: bool = ...,
+    plugins: List[str] = ...,
+    query_cache_size: int = ...,
+    use_insertmanyvalues: bool = ...,
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> Engine: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def create_engine(url: Union[str, URL], **kwargs: Any) -> Engine: ...
+
+
+@util.deprecated_params(
+    strategy=(
+        "1.4",
+        "The :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.strategy` keyword is deprecated, "
+        "and the only argument accepted is 'mock'; please use "
+        ":func:`.create_mock_engine` going forward.  For general "
+        "customization of create_engine which may have been accomplished "
+        "using strategies, see :class:`.CreateEnginePlugin`.",
+    ),
+    empty_in_strategy=(
+        "1.4",
+        "The :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.empty_in_strategy` keyword is "
+        "deprecated, and no longer has any effect.  All IN expressions "
+        "are now rendered using "
+        'the "expanding parameter" strategy which renders a set of bound'
+        'expressions, or an "empty set" SELECT, at statement execution'
+        "time.",
+    ),
+    implicit_returning=(
+        "2.0",
+        "The :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.implicit_returning` parameter "
+        "is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. ",
+    ),
+)
+def create_engine(url: Union[str, _url.URL], **kwargs: Any) -> Engine:
+    """Create a new :class:`_engine.Engine` instance.
+
+    The standard calling form is to send the :ref:`URL <database_urls>` as the
+    first positional argument, usually a string
+    that indicates database dialect and connection arguments::
+
+        engine = create_engine("postgresql+psycopg2://scott:tiger@localhost/test")
+
+    .. note::
+
+        Please review :ref:`database_urls` for general guidelines in composing
+        URL strings.  In particular, special characters, such as those often
+        part of passwords, must be URL encoded to be properly parsed.
+
+    Additional keyword arguments may then follow it which
+    establish various options on the resulting :class:`_engine.Engine`
+    and its underlying :class:`.Dialect` and :class:`_pool.Pool`
+    constructs::
+
+        engine = create_engine(
+            "mysql+mysqldb://scott:tiger@hostname/dbname",
+            pool_recycle=3600,
+            echo=True,
+        )
+
+    The string form of the URL is
+    ``dialect[+driver]://user:password@host/dbname[?key=value..]``, where
+    ``dialect`` is a database name such as ``mysql``, ``oracle``,
+    ``postgresql``, etc., and ``driver`` the name of a DBAPI, such as
+    ``psycopg2``, ``pyodbc``, ``cx_oracle``, etc.  Alternatively,
+    the URL can be an instance of :class:`~sqlalchemy.engine.url.URL`.
+
+    ``**kwargs`` takes a wide variety of options which are routed
+    towards their appropriate components.  Arguments may be specific to
+    the :class:`_engine.Engine`, the underlying :class:`.Dialect`,
+    as well as the
+    :class:`_pool.Pool`.  Specific dialects also accept keyword arguments that
+    are unique to that dialect.   Here, we describe the parameters
+    that are common to most :func:`_sa.create_engine()` usage.
+
+    Once established, the newly resulting :class:`_engine.Engine` will
+    request a connection from the underlying :class:`_pool.Pool` once
+    :meth:`_engine.Engine.connect` is called, or a method which depends on it
+    such as :meth:`_engine.Engine.execute` is invoked.   The
+    :class:`_pool.Pool` in turn
+    will establish the first actual DBAPI connection when this request
+    is received.   The :func:`_sa.create_engine` call itself does **not**
+    establish any actual DBAPI connections directly.
+
+    .. seealso::
+
+        :doc:`/core/engines`
+
+        :doc:`/dialects/index`
+
+        :ref:`connections_toplevel`
+
+    :param connect_args: a dictionary of options which will be
+        passed directly to the DBAPI's ``connect()`` method as
+        additional keyword arguments.  See the example
+        at :ref:`custom_dbapi_args`.
+
+    :param creator: a callable which returns a DBAPI connection.
+        This creation function will be passed to the underlying
+        connection pool and will be used to create all new database
+        connections. Usage of this function causes connection
+        parameters specified in the URL argument to be bypassed.
+
+        This hook is not as flexible as the newer
+        :meth:`_events.DialectEvents.do_connect` hook which allows complete
+        control over how a connection is made to the database, given the full
+        set of URL arguments and state beforehand.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :meth:`_events.DialectEvents.do_connect` - event hook that allows
+            full control over DBAPI connection mechanics.
+
+            :ref:`custom_dbapi_args`
+
+    :param echo=False: if True, the Engine will log all statements
+        as well as a ``repr()`` of their parameter lists to the default log
+        handler, which defaults to ``sys.stdout`` for output.   If set to the
+        string ``"debug"``, result rows will be printed to the standard output
+        as well. The ``echo`` attribute of ``Engine`` can be modified at any
+        time to turn logging on and off; direct control of logging is also
+        available using the standard Python ``logging`` module.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`dbengine_logging` - further detail on how to configure
+            logging.
+
+
+    :param echo_pool=False: if True, the connection pool will log
+        informational output such as when connections are invalidated
+        as well as when connections are recycled to the default log handler,
+        which defaults to ``sys.stdout`` for output.   If set to the string
+        ``"debug"``, the logging will include pool checkouts and checkins.
+        Direct control of logging is also available using the standard Python
+        ``logging`` module.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`dbengine_logging` - further detail on how to configure
+            logging.
+
+
+    :param empty_in_strategy:   No longer used; SQLAlchemy now uses
+        "empty set" behavior for IN in all cases.
+
+    :param enable_from_linting: defaults to True.  Will emit a warning
+        if a given SELECT statement is found to have un-linked FROM elements
+        which would cause a cartesian product.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.4
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`change_4737`
+
+    :param execution_options: Dictionary execution options which will
+        be applied to all connections.  See
+        :meth:`~sqlalchemy.engine.Connection.execution_options`
+
+    :param future: Use the 2.0 style :class:`_engine.Engine` and
+        :class:`_engine.Connection` API.
+
+        As of SQLAlchemy 2.0, this parameter is present for backwards
+        compatibility only and must remain at its default value of ``True``.
+
+        The :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.future` parameter will be
+        deprecated in a subsequent 2.x release and eventually removed.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.4
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0 All :class:`_engine.Engine` objects are
+           "future" style engines and there is no longer a ``future=False``
+           mode of operation.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`migration_20_toplevel`
+
+    :param hide_parameters: Boolean, when set to True, SQL statement parameters
+        will not be displayed in INFO logging nor will they be formatted into
+        the string representation of :class:`.StatementError` objects.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.3.8
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`dbengine_logging` - further detail on how to configure
+            logging.
+
+    :param implicit_returning=True:  Legacy parameter that may only be set
+        to True. In SQLAlchemy 2.0, this parameter does nothing. In order to
+        disable "implicit returning" for statements invoked by the ORM,
+        configure this on a per-table basis using the
+        :paramref:`.Table.implicit_returning` parameter.
+
+
+    :param insertmanyvalues_page_size: number of rows to format into an
+     INSERT statement when the statement uses "insertmanyvalues" mode, which is
+     a paged form of bulk insert that is used for many backends when using
+     :term:`executemany` execution typically in conjunction with RETURNING.
+     Defaults to 1000, but may also be subject to dialect-specific limiting
+     factors which may override this value on a per-statement basis.
+
+     .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+     .. seealso::
+
+        :ref:`engine_insertmanyvalues`
+
+        :ref:`engine_insertmanyvalues_page_size`
+
+        :paramref:`_engine.Connection.execution_options.insertmanyvalues_page_size`
+
+    :param isolation_level: optional string name of an isolation level
+        which will be set on all new connections unconditionally.
+        Isolation levels are typically some subset of the string names
+        ``"SERIALIZABLE"``, ``"REPEATABLE READ"``,
+        ``"READ COMMITTED"``, ``"READ UNCOMMITTED"`` and ``"AUTOCOMMIT"``
+        based on backend.
+
+        The :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.isolation_level` parameter is
+        in contrast to the
+        :paramref:`.Connection.execution_options.isolation_level`
+        execution option, which may be set on an individual
+        :class:`.Connection`, as well as the same parameter passed to
+        :meth:`.Engine.execution_options`, where it may be used to create
+        multiple engines with different isolation levels that share a common
+        connection pool and dialect.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0 The
+           :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.isolation_level`
+           parameter has been generalized to work on all dialects which support
+           the concept of isolation level, and is provided as a more succinct,
+           up front configuration switch in contrast to the execution option
+           which is more of an ad-hoc programmatic option.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`dbapi_autocommit`
+
+    :param json_deserializer: for dialects that support the
+        :class:`_types.JSON`
+        datatype, this is a Python callable that will convert a JSON string
+        to a Python object.  By default, the Python ``json.loads`` function is
+        used.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.3.7  The SQLite dialect renamed this from
+           ``_json_deserializer``.
+
+    :param json_serializer: for dialects that support the :class:`_types.JSON`
+        datatype, this is a Python callable that will render a given object
+        as JSON.   By default, the Python ``json.dumps`` function is used.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.3.7  The SQLite dialect renamed this from
+           ``_json_serializer``.
+
+
+    :param label_length=None: optional integer value which limits
+        the size of dynamically generated column labels to that many
+        characters. If less than 6, labels are generated as
+        "_(counter)". If ``None``, the value of
+        ``dialect.max_identifier_length``, which may be affected via the
+        :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.max_identifier_length` parameter,
+        is used instead.   The value of
+        :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.label_length`
+        may not be larger than that of
+        :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.max_identfier_length`.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.max_identifier_length`
+
+    :param logging_name:  String identifier which will be used within
+        the "name" field of logging records generated within the
+        "sqlalchemy.engine" logger. Defaults to a hexstring of the
+        object's id.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`dbengine_logging` - further detail on how to configure
+            logging.
+
+            :paramref:`_engine.Connection.execution_options.logging_token`
+
+    :param max_identifier_length: integer; override the max_identifier_length
+        determined by the dialect.  if ``None`` or zero, has no effect.  This
+        is the database's configured maximum number of characters that may be
+        used in a SQL identifier such as a table name, column name, or label
+        name. All dialects determine this value automatically, however in the
+        case of a new database version for which this value has changed but
+        SQLAlchemy's dialect has not been adjusted, the value may be passed
+        here.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.3.9
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.label_length`
+
+    :param max_overflow=10: the number of connections to allow in
+        connection pool "overflow", that is connections that can be
+        opened above and beyond the pool_size setting, which defaults
+        to five. this is only used with :class:`~sqlalchemy.pool.QueuePool`.
+
+    :param module=None: reference to a Python module object (the module
+        itself, not its string name).  Specifies an alternate DBAPI module to
+        be used by the engine's dialect.  Each sub-dialect references a
+        specific DBAPI which will be imported before first connect.  This
+        parameter causes the import to be bypassed, and the given module to
+        be used instead. Can be used for testing of DBAPIs as well as to
+        inject "mock" DBAPI implementations into the :class:`_engine.Engine`.
+
+    :param paramstyle=None: The `paramstyle <https://legacy.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0249/#paramstyle>`_
+        to use when rendering bound parameters.  This style defaults to the
+        one recommended by the DBAPI itself, which is retrieved from the
+        ``.paramstyle`` attribute of the DBAPI.  However, most DBAPIs accept
+        more than one paramstyle, and in particular it may be desirable
+        to change a "named" paramstyle into a "positional" one, or vice versa.
+        When this attribute is passed, it should be one of the values
+        ``"qmark"``, ``"numeric"``, ``"named"``, ``"format"`` or
+        ``"pyformat"``, and should correspond to a parameter style known
+        to be supported by the DBAPI in use.
+
+    :param pool=None: an already-constructed instance of
+        :class:`~sqlalchemy.pool.Pool`, such as a
+        :class:`~sqlalchemy.pool.QueuePool` instance. If non-None, this
+        pool will be used directly as the underlying connection pool
+        for the engine, bypassing whatever connection parameters are
+        present in the URL argument. For information on constructing
+        connection pools manually, see :ref:`pooling_toplevel`.
+
+    :param poolclass=None: a :class:`~sqlalchemy.pool.Pool`
+        subclass, which will be used to create a connection pool
+        instance using the connection parameters given in the URL. Note
+        this differs from ``pool`` in that you don't actually
+        instantiate the pool in this case, you just indicate what type
+        of pool to be used.
+
+    :param pool_logging_name:  String identifier which will be used within
+       the "name" field of logging records generated within the
+       "sqlalchemy.pool" logger. Defaults to a hexstring of the object's
+       id.
+
+       .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`dbengine_logging` - further detail on how to configure
+            logging.
+
+    :param pool_pre_ping: boolean, if True will enable the connection pool
+        "pre-ping" feature that tests connections for liveness upon
+        each checkout.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.2
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`pool_disconnects_pessimistic`
+
+    :param pool_size=5: the number of connections to keep open
+        inside the connection pool. This used with
+        :class:`~sqlalchemy.pool.QueuePool` as
+        well as :class:`~sqlalchemy.pool.SingletonThreadPool`.  With
+        :class:`~sqlalchemy.pool.QueuePool`, a ``pool_size`` setting
+        of 0 indicates no limit; to disable pooling, set ``poolclass`` to
+        :class:`~sqlalchemy.pool.NullPool` instead.
+
+    :param pool_recycle=-1: this setting causes the pool to recycle
+        connections after the given number of seconds has passed. It
+        defaults to -1, or no timeout. For example, setting to 3600
+        means connections will be recycled after one hour. Note that
+        MySQL in particular will disconnect automatically if no
+        activity is detected on a connection for eight hours (although
+        this is configurable with the MySQLDB connection itself and the
+        server configuration as well).
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`pool_setting_recycle`
+
+    :param pool_reset_on_return='rollback': set the
+        :paramref:`_pool.Pool.reset_on_return` parameter of the underlying
+        :class:`_pool.Pool` object, which can be set to the values
+        ``"rollback"``, ``"commit"``, or ``None``.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`pool_reset_on_return`
+
+            :ref:`dbapi_autocommit_skip_rollback` - a more modern approach
+            to using connections with no transactional instructions
+
+    :param pool_timeout=30: number of seconds to wait before giving
+        up on getting a connection from the pool. This is only used
+        with :class:`~sqlalchemy.pool.QueuePool`. This can be a float but is
+        subject to the limitations of Python time functions which may not be
+        reliable in the tens of milliseconds.
+
+        .. note: don't use 30.0 above, it seems to break with the :param tag
+
+    :param pool_use_lifo=False: use LIFO (last-in-first-out) when retrieving
+        connections from :class:`.QueuePool` instead of FIFO
+        (first-in-first-out). Using LIFO, a server-side timeout scheme can
+        reduce the number of connections used during non- peak   periods of
+        use.   When planning for server-side timeouts, ensure that a recycle or
+        pre-ping strategy is in use to gracefully   handle stale connections.
+
+          .. versionadded:: 1.3
+
+          .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`pool_use_lifo`
+
+            :ref:`pool_disconnects`
+
+    :param plugins: string list of plugin names to load.  See
+        :class:`.CreateEnginePlugin` for background.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.2.3
+
+    :param query_cache_size: size of the cache used to cache the SQL string
+     form of queries.  Set to zero to disable caching.
+
+     The cache is pruned of its least recently used items when its size reaches
+     N * 1.5.  Defaults to 500, meaning the cache will always store at least
+     500 SQL statements when filled, and will grow up to 750 items at which
+     point it is pruned back down to 500 by removing the 250 least recently
+     used items.
+
+     Caching is accomplished on a per-statement basis by generating a
+     cache key that represents the statement's structure, then generating
+     string SQL for the current dialect only if that key is not present
+     in the cache.   All statements support caching, however some features
+     such as an INSERT with a large set of parameters will intentionally
+     bypass the cache.   SQL logging will indicate statistics for each
+     statement whether or not it were pull from the cache.
+
+     .. note:: some ORM functions related to unit-of-work persistence as well
+        as some attribute loading strategies will make use of individual
+        per-mapper caches outside of the main cache.
+
+
+     .. seealso::
+
+        :ref:`sql_caching`
+
+     .. versionadded:: 1.4
+
+    :param skip_autocommit_rollback: When True, the dialect will
+       unconditionally skip all calls to the DBAPI ``connection.rollback()``
+       method if the DBAPI connection is confirmed to be in "autocommit" mode.
+       The availability of this feature is dialect specific; if not available,
+       a ``NotImplementedError`` is raised by the dialect when rollback occurs.
+
+       .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`dbapi_autocommit_skip_rollback`
+
+       .. versionadded:: 2.0.43
+
+    :param use_insertmanyvalues: True by default, use the "insertmanyvalues"
+     execution style for INSERT..RETURNING statements by default.
+
+     .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+     .. seealso::
+
+        :ref:`engine_insertmanyvalues`
+
+    """  # noqa
+
+    if "strategy" in kwargs:
+        strat = kwargs.pop("strategy")
+        if strat == "mock":
+            # this case is deprecated
+            return create_mock_engine(url, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            raise exc.ArgumentError("unknown strategy: %r" % strat)
+
+    kwargs.pop("empty_in_strategy", None)
+
+    # create url.URL object
+    u = _url.make_url(url)
+
+    u, plugins, kwargs = u._instantiate_plugins(kwargs)
+
+    entrypoint = u._get_entrypoint()
+    _is_async = kwargs.pop("_is_async", False)
+    if _is_async:
+        dialect_cls = entrypoint.get_async_dialect_cls(u)
+    else:
+        dialect_cls = entrypoint.get_dialect_cls(u)
+
+    if kwargs.pop("_coerce_config", False):
+
+        def pop_kwarg(key: str, default: Optional[Any] = None) -> Any:
+            value = kwargs.pop(key, default)
+            if key in dialect_cls.engine_config_types:
+                value = dialect_cls.engine_config_types[key](value)
+            return value
+
+    else:
+        pop_kwarg = kwargs.pop  # type: ignore
+
+    dialect_args = {}
+    # consume dialect arguments from kwargs
+    for k in util.get_cls_kwargs(dialect_cls):
+        if k in kwargs:
+            dialect_args[k] = pop_kwarg(k)
+
+    dbapi = kwargs.pop("module", None)
+    if dbapi is None:
+        dbapi_args = {}
+
+        if "import_dbapi" in dialect_cls.__dict__:
+            dbapi_meth = dialect_cls.import_dbapi
+
+        elif hasattr(dialect_cls, "dbapi") and inspect.ismethod(
+            dialect_cls.dbapi
+        ):
+            util.warn_deprecated(
+                "The dbapi() classmethod on dialect classes has been "
+                "renamed to import_dbapi().  Implement an import_dbapi() "
+                f"classmethod directly on class {dialect_cls} to remove this "
+                "warning; the old .dbapi() classmethod may be maintained for "
+                "backwards compatibility.",
+                "2.0",
+            )
+            dbapi_meth = dialect_cls.dbapi
+        else:
+            dbapi_meth = dialect_cls.import_dbapi
+
+        for k in util.get_func_kwargs(dbapi_meth):
+            if k in kwargs:
+                dbapi_args[k] = pop_kwarg(k)
+        dbapi = dbapi_meth(**dbapi_args)
+
+    dialect_args["dbapi"] = dbapi
+
+    dialect_args.setdefault("compiler_linting", compiler.NO_LINTING)
+    enable_from_linting = kwargs.pop("enable_from_linting", True)
+    if enable_from_linting:
+        dialect_args["compiler_linting"] ^= compiler.COLLECT_CARTESIAN_PRODUCTS
+
+    for plugin in plugins:
+        plugin.handle_dialect_kwargs(dialect_cls, dialect_args)
+
+    # create dialect
+    dialect = dialect_cls(**dialect_args)
+
+    # assemble connection arguments
+    (cargs_tup, _cparams) = dialect.create_connect_args(u)
+    cparams = util.immutabledict(_cparams).union(pop_kwarg("connect_args", {}))
+
+    if "async_fallback" in cparams and util.asbool(cparams["async_fallback"]):
+        util.warn_deprecated(
+            "The async_fallback dialect argument is deprecated and will be "
+            "removed in SQLAlchemy 2.1.",
+            "2.0",
+        )
+
+    # look for existing pool or create
+    pool = pop_kwarg("pool", None)
+    if pool is None:
+
+        def connect(
+            connection_record: Optional[ConnectionPoolEntry] = None,
+        ) -> DBAPIConnection:
+            if dialect._has_events:
+                mutable_cargs = list(cargs_tup)
+                mutable_cparams = dict(cparams)
+                for fn in dialect.dispatch.do_connect:
+                    connection = cast(
+                        DBAPIConnection,
+                        fn(
+                            dialect,
+                            connection_record,
+                            mutable_cargs,
+                            mutable_cparams,
+                        ),
+                    )
+                    if connection is not None:
+                        return connection
+                return dialect.connect(*mutable_cargs, **mutable_cparams)
+            else:
+                return dialect.connect(*cargs_tup, **cparams)
+
+        creator = pop_kwarg("creator", connect)
+
+        poolclass = pop_kwarg("poolclass", None)
+        if poolclass is None:
+            poolclass = dialect.get_dialect_pool_class(u)
+        pool_args = {"dialect": dialect}
+
+        # consume pool arguments from kwargs, translating a few of
+        # the arguments
+        for k in util.get_cls_kwargs(poolclass):
+            tk = _pool_translate_kwargs.get(k, k)
+            if tk in kwargs:
+                pool_args[k] = pop_kwarg(tk)
+
+        for plugin in plugins:
+            plugin.handle_pool_kwargs(poolclass, pool_args)
+
+        pool = poolclass(creator, **pool_args)
+    else:
+        pool._dialect = dialect
+
+    if (
+        hasattr(pool, "_is_asyncio")
+        and pool._is_asyncio is not dialect.is_async
+    ):
+        raise exc.ArgumentError(
+            f"Pool class {pool.__class__.__name__} cannot be "
+            f"used with {'non-' if not dialect.is_async else ''}"
+            "asyncio engine",
+            code="pcls",
+        )
+
+    # create engine.
+    if not pop_kwarg("future", True):
+        raise exc.ArgumentError(
+            "The 'future' parameter passed to "
+            "create_engine() may only be set to True."
+        )
+
+    engineclass = base.Engine
+
+    engine_args = {}
+    for k in util.get_cls_kwargs(engineclass):
+        if k in kwargs:
+            engine_args[k] = pop_kwarg(k)
+
+    # internal flags used by the test suite for instrumenting / proxying
+    # engines with mocks etc.
+    _initialize = kwargs.pop("_initialize", True)
+
+    # all kwargs should be consumed
+    if kwargs:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "Invalid argument(s) %s sent to create_engine(), "
+            "using configuration %s/%s/%s.  Please check that the "
+            "keyword arguments are appropriate for this combination "
+            "of components."
+            % (
+                ",".join("'%s'" % k for k in kwargs),
+                dialect.__class__.__name__,
+                pool.__class__.__name__,
+                engineclass.__name__,
+            )
+        )
+
+    engine = engineclass(pool, dialect, u, **engine_args)
+
+    if _initialize:
+        do_on_connect = dialect.on_connect_url(u)
+        if do_on_connect:
+
+            def on_connect(
+                dbapi_connection: DBAPIConnection,
+                connection_record: ConnectionPoolEntry,
+            ) -> None:
+                assert do_on_connect is not None
+                do_on_connect(dbapi_connection)
+
+            event.listen(pool, "connect", on_connect)
+
+        builtin_on_connect = dialect._builtin_onconnect()
+        if builtin_on_connect:
+            event.listen(pool, "connect", builtin_on_connect)
+
+        def first_connect(
+            dbapi_connection: DBAPIConnection,
+            connection_record: ConnectionPoolEntry,
+        ) -> None:
+            c = base.Connection(
+                engine,
+                connection=_AdhocProxiedConnection(
+                    dbapi_connection, connection_record
+                ),
+                _has_events=False,
+                # reconnecting will be a reentrant condition, so if the
+                # connection goes away, Connection is then closed
+                _allow_revalidate=False,
+                # dont trigger the autobegin sequence
+                # within the up front dialect checks
+                _allow_autobegin=False,
+            )
+            c._execution_options = util.EMPTY_DICT
+
+            try:
+                dialect.initialize(c)
+            finally:
+                # note that "invalidated" and "closed" are mutually
+                # exclusive in 1.4 Connection.
+                if not c.invalidated and not c.closed:
+                    # transaction is rolled back otherwise, tested by
+                    # test/dialect/postgresql/test_dialect.py
+                    # ::MiscBackendTest::test_initial_transaction_state
+                    dialect.do_rollback(c.connection)
+
+        # previously, the "first_connect" event was used here, which was then
+        # scaled back if the "on_connect" handler were present.  now,
+        # since "on_connect" is virtually always present, just use
+        # "connect" event with once_unless_exception in all cases so that
+        # the connection event flow is consistent in all cases.
+        event.listen(
+            pool, "connect", first_connect, _once_unless_exception=True
+        )
+
+    dialect_cls.engine_created(engine)
+    if entrypoint is not dialect_cls:
+        entrypoint.engine_created(engine)
+
+    for plugin in plugins:
+        plugin.engine_created(engine)
+
+    return engine
+
+
+def engine_from_config(
+    configuration: Dict[str, Any], prefix: str = "sqlalchemy.", **kwargs: Any
+) -> Engine:
+    """Create a new Engine instance using a configuration dictionary.
+
+    The dictionary is typically produced from a config file.
+
+    The keys of interest to ``engine_from_config()`` should be prefixed, e.g.
+    ``sqlalchemy.url``, ``sqlalchemy.echo``, etc.  The 'prefix' argument
+    indicates the prefix to be searched for.  Each matching key (after the
+    prefix is stripped) is treated as though it were the corresponding keyword
+    argument to a :func:`_sa.create_engine` call.
+
+    The only required key is (assuming the default prefix) ``sqlalchemy.url``,
+    which provides the :ref:`database URL <database_urls>`.
+
+    A select set of keyword arguments will be "coerced" to their
+    expected type based on string values.    The set of arguments
+    is extensible per-dialect using the ``engine_config_types`` accessor.
+
+    :param configuration: A dictionary (typically produced from a config file,
+        but this is not a requirement).  Items whose keys start with the value
+        of 'prefix' will have that prefix stripped, and will then be passed to
+        :func:`_sa.create_engine`.
+
+    :param prefix: Prefix to match and then strip from keys
+        in 'configuration'.
+
+    :param kwargs: Each keyword argument to ``engine_from_config()`` itself
+        overrides the corresponding item taken from the 'configuration'
+        dictionary.  Keyword arguments should *not* be prefixed.
+
+    """
+
+    options = {
+        key[len(prefix) :]: configuration[key]
+        for key in configuration
+        if key.startswith(prefix)
+    }
+    options["_coerce_config"] = True
+    options.update(kwargs)
+    url = options.pop("url")
+    return create_engine(url, **options)
+
+
+@overload
+def create_pool_from_url(
+    url: Union[str, URL],
+    *,
+    poolclass: Optional[Type[Pool]] = ...,
+    logging_name: str = ...,
+    pre_ping: bool = ...,
+    size: int = ...,
+    recycle: int = ...,
+    reset_on_return: Optional[_ResetStyleArgType] = ...,
+    timeout: float = ...,
+    use_lifo: bool = ...,
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> Pool: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def create_pool_from_url(url: Union[str, URL], **kwargs: Any) -> Pool: ...
+
+
+def create_pool_from_url(url: Union[str, URL], **kwargs: Any) -> Pool:
+    """Create a pool instance from the given url.
+
+    If ``poolclass`` is not provided the pool class used
+    is selected using the dialect specified in the URL.
+
+    The arguments passed to :func:`_sa.create_pool_from_url` are
+    identical to the pool argument passed to the :func:`_sa.create_engine`
+    function.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0.10
+    """
+
+    for key in _pool_translate_kwargs:
+        if key in kwargs:
+            kwargs[_pool_translate_kwargs[key]] = kwargs.pop(key)
+
+    engine = create_engine(url, **kwargs, _initialize=False)
+    return engine.pool
+
+
+_pool_translate_kwargs = immutabledict(
+    {
+        "logging_name": "pool_logging_name",
+        "echo": "echo_pool",
+        "timeout": "pool_timeout",
+        "recycle": "pool_recycle",
+        "events": "pool_events",  # deprecated
+        "reset_on_return": "pool_reset_on_return",
+        "pre_ping": "pool_pre_ping",
+        "use_lifo": "pool_use_lifo",
+    }
+)

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/cursor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2303 @@
+# engine/cursor.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+
+"""Define cursor-specific result set constructs including
+:class:`.CursorResult`."""
+
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import collections
+import functools
+import operator
+import typing
+from typing import Any
+from typing import cast
+from typing import ClassVar
+from typing import Deque
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import List
+from typing import Mapping
+from typing import NoReturn
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Sequence
+from typing import Tuple
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TypeVar
+from typing import Union
+
+from .result import IteratorResult
+from .result import MergedResult
+from .result import Result
+from .result import ResultMetaData
+from .result import SimpleResultMetaData
+from .result import tuplegetter
+from .row import Row
+from .. import exc
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import elements
+from ..sql import sqltypes
+from ..sql import util as sql_util
+from ..sql.base import _generative
+from ..sql.compiler import ResultColumnsEntry
+from ..sql.compiler import RM_NAME
+from ..sql.compiler import RM_OBJECTS
+from ..sql.compiler import RM_RENDERED_NAME
+from ..sql.compiler import RM_TYPE
+from ..sql.type_api import TypeEngine
+from ..util import compat
+from ..util.typing import Final
+from ..util.typing import Literal
+from ..util.typing import Self
+
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .base import Connection
+    from .default import DefaultExecutionContext
+    from .interfaces import _DBAPICursorDescription
+    from .interfaces import _MutableCoreSingleExecuteParams
+    from .interfaces import CoreExecuteOptionsParameter
+    from .interfaces import DBAPICursor
+    from .interfaces import DBAPIType
+    from .interfaces import Dialect
+    from .interfaces import ExecutionContext
+    from .result import _KeyIndexType
+    from .result import _KeyMapRecType
+    from .result import _KeyMapType
+    from .result import _KeyType
+    from .result import _ProcessorsType
+    from .result import _TupleGetterType
+    from ..sql.schema import Column
+    from ..sql.type_api import _ResultProcessorType
+
+
+_T = TypeVar("_T", bound=Any)
+TupleAny = Tuple[Any, ...]
+
+# metadata entry tuple indexes.
+# using raw tuple is faster than namedtuple.
+# these match up to the positions in
+# _CursorKeyMapRecType
+MD_INDEX: Final[Literal[0]] = 0
+"""integer index in cursor.description
+
+"""
+
+MD_RESULT_MAP_INDEX: Final[Literal[1]] = 1
+"""integer index in compiled._result_columns"""
+
+MD_OBJECTS: Final[Literal[2]] = 2
+"""other string keys and ColumnElement obj that can match.
+
+This comes from compiler.RM_OBJECTS / compiler.ResultColumnsEntry.objects
+
+"""
+
+MD_LOOKUP_KEY: Final[Literal[3]] = 3
+"""string key we usually expect for key-based lookup
+
+this comes from compiler.RM_NAME / compiler.ResultColumnsEntry.name
+"""
+
+
+MD_RENDERED_NAME: Final[Literal[4]] = 4
+"""name that is usually in cursor.description
+
+this comes from compiler.RENDERED_NAME / compiler.ResultColumnsEntry.keyname
+"""
+
+
+MD_PROCESSOR: Final[Literal[5]] = 5
+"""callable to process a result value into a row"""
+
+MD_UNTRANSLATED: Final[Literal[6]] = 6
+"""raw name from cursor.description"""
+
+
+_CursorKeyMapRecType = Tuple[
+    Optional[int],  # MD_INDEX, None means the record is ambiguously named
+    int,  # MD_RESULT_MAP_INDEX, -1 if MD_INDEX is None
+    TupleAny,  # MD_OBJECTS
+    str,  # MD_LOOKUP_KEY
+    str,  # MD_RENDERED_NAME
+    Optional["_ResultProcessorType[Any]"],  # MD_PROCESSOR
+    Optional[str],  # MD_UNTRANSLATED
+]
+
+_CursorKeyMapType = Mapping["_KeyType", _CursorKeyMapRecType]
+
+# same as _CursorKeyMapRecType except the MD_INDEX value is definitely
+# not None
+_NonAmbigCursorKeyMapRecType = Tuple[
+    int,
+    int,
+    List[Any],
+    str,
+    str,
+    Optional["_ResultProcessorType[Any]"],
+    str,
+]
+
+_MergeColTuple = Tuple[
+    int,
+    Optional[int],
+    str,
+    TypeEngine[Any],
+    "DBAPIType",
+    Optional[TupleAny],
+    Optional[str],
+]
+
+
+class CursorResultMetaData(ResultMetaData):
+    """Result metadata for DBAPI cursors."""
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "_keymap",
+        "_processors",
+        "_keys",
+        "_keymap_by_result_column_idx",
+        "_tuplefilter",
+        "_translated_indexes",
+        "_safe_for_cache",
+        "_unpickled",
+        "_key_to_index",
+        # don't need _unique_filters support here for now.  Can be added
+        # if a need arises.
+    )
+
+    _keymap: _CursorKeyMapType
+    _processors: _ProcessorsType
+    _keymap_by_result_column_idx: Optional[Dict[int, _KeyMapRecType]]
+    _unpickled: bool
+    _safe_for_cache: bool
+    _translated_indexes: Optional[List[int]]
+
+    returns_rows: ClassVar[bool] = True
+
+    def _has_key(self, key: Any) -> bool:
+        return key in self._keymap
+
+    def _for_freeze(self) -> ResultMetaData:
+        return SimpleResultMetaData(
+            self._keys,
+            extra=[self._keymap[key][MD_OBJECTS] for key in self._keys],
+        )
+
+    def _make_new_metadata(
+        self,
+        *,
+        unpickled: bool,
+        processors: _ProcessorsType,
+        keys: Sequence[str],
+        keymap: _KeyMapType,
+        tuplefilter: Optional[_TupleGetterType],
+        translated_indexes: Optional[List[int]],
+        safe_for_cache: bool,
+        keymap_by_result_column_idx: Any,
+    ) -> CursorResultMetaData:
+        new_obj = self.__class__.__new__(self.__class__)
+        new_obj._unpickled = unpickled
+        new_obj._processors = processors
+        new_obj._keys = keys
+        new_obj._keymap = keymap
+        new_obj._tuplefilter = tuplefilter
+        new_obj._translated_indexes = translated_indexes
+        new_obj._safe_for_cache = safe_for_cache
+        new_obj._keymap_by_result_column_idx = keymap_by_result_column_idx
+        new_obj._key_to_index = self._make_key_to_index(keymap, MD_INDEX)
+        return new_obj
+
+    def _remove_processors(self) -> CursorResultMetaData:
+        assert not self._tuplefilter
+        return self._make_new_metadata(
+            unpickled=self._unpickled,
+            processors=[None] * len(self._processors),
+            tuplefilter=None,
+            translated_indexes=None,
+            keymap={
+                key: value[0:5] + (None,) + value[6:]
+                for key, value in self._keymap.items()
+            },
+            keys=self._keys,
+            safe_for_cache=self._safe_for_cache,
+            keymap_by_result_column_idx=self._keymap_by_result_column_idx,
+        )
+
+    def _splice_horizontally(
+        self, other: CursorResultMetaData
+    ) -> CursorResultMetaData:
+        assert not self._tuplefilter
+
+        keymap = dict(self._keymap)
+        offset = len(self._keys)
+
+        for key, value in other._keymap.items():
+            # int index should be None for ambiguous key
+            if value[MD_INDEX] is not None and key not in keymap:
+                md_index = value[MD_INDEX] + offset
+                md_object = value[MD_RESULT_MAP_INDEX] + offset
+            else:
+                md_index = None
+                md_object = -1
+            keymap[key] = (md_index, md_object, *value[2:])
+
+        return self._make_new_metadata(
+            unpickled=self._unpickled,
+            processors=self._processors + other._processors,  # type: ignore
+            tuplefilter=None,
+            translated_indexes=None,
+            keys=self._keys + other._keys,  # type: ignore
+            keymap=keymap,
+            safe_for_cache=self._safe_for_cache,
+            keymap_by_result_column_idx={
+                metadata_entry[MD_RESULT_MAP_INDEX]: metadata_entry
+                for metadata_entry in keymap.values()
+            },
+        )
+
+    def _reduce(self, keys: Sequence[_KeyIndexType]) -> ResultMetaData:
+        recs = list(self._metadata_for_keys(keys))
+
+        indexes = [rec[MD_INDEX] for rec in recs]
+        new_keys: List[str] = [rec[MD_LOOKUP_KEY] for rec in recs]
+
+        if self._translated_indexes:
+            indexes = [self._translated_indexes[idx] for idx in indexes]
+        tup = tuplegetter(*indexes)
+        new_recs = [(index,) + rec[1:] for index, rec in enumerate(recs)]
+
+        keymap = {rec[MD_LOOKUP_KEY]: rec for rec in new_recs}
+        # TODO: need unit test for:
+        # result = connection.execute("raw sql, no columns").scalars()
+        # without the "or ()" it's failing because MD_OBJECTS is None
+        keymap.update(
+            (e, new_rec)
+            for new_rec in new_recs
+            for e in new_rec[MD_OBJECTS] or ()
+        )
+
+        return self._make_new_metadata(
+            unpickled=self._unpickled,
+            processors=self._processors,
+            keys=new_keys,
+            tuplefilter=tup,
+            translated_indexes=indexes,
+            keymap=keymap,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+            safe_for_cache=self._safe_for_cache,
+            keymap_by_result_column_idx=self._keymap_by_result_column_idx,
+        )
+
+    def _adapt_to_context(self, context: ExecutionContext) -> ResultMetaData:
+        """When using a cached Compiled construct that has a _result_map,
+        for a new statement that used the cached Compiled, we need to ensure
+        the keymap has the Column objects from our new statement as keys.
+        So here we rewrite keymap with new entries for the new columns
+        as matched to those of the cached statement.
+
+        """
+
+        if not context.compiled or not context.compiled._result_columns:
+            return self
+
+        compiled_statement = context.compiled.statement
+        invoked_statement = context.invoked_statement
+
+        if TYPE_CHECKING:
+            assert isinstance(invoked_statement, elements.ClauseElement)
+
+        if compiled_statement is invoked_statement:
+            return self
+
+        assert invoked_statement is not None
+
+        # this is the most common path for Core statements when
+        # caching is used.  In ORM use, this codepath is not really used
+        # as the _result_disable_adapt_to_context execution option is
+        # set by the ORM.
+
+        # make a copy and add the columns from the invoked statement
+        # to the result map.
+
+        keymap_by_position = self._keymap_by_result_column_idx
+
+        if keymap_by_position is None:
+            # first retrieval from cache, this map will not be set up yet,
+            # initialize lazily
+            keymap_by_position = self._keymap_by_result_column_idx = {
+                metadata_entry[MD_RESULT_MAP_INDEX]: metadata_entry
+                for metadata_entry in self._keymap.values()
+            }
+
+        assert not self._tuplefilter
+        return self._make_new_metadata(
+            keymap=compat.dict_union(
+                self._keymap,
+                {
+                    new: keymap_by_position[idx]
+                    for idx, new in enumerate(
+                        invoked_statement._all_selected_columns
+                    )
+                    if idx in keymap_by_position
+                },
+            ),
+            unpickled=self._unpickled,
+            processors=self._processors,
+            tuplefilter=None,
+            translated_indexes=None,
+            keys=self._keys,
+            safe_for_cache=self._safe_for_cache,
+            keymap_by_result_column_idx=self._keymap_by_result_column_idx,
+        )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        parent: CursorResult[Any],
+        cursor_description: _DBAPICursorDescription,
+    ):
+        context = parent.context
+        self._tuplefilter = None
+        self._translated_indexes = None
+        self._safe_for_cache = self._unpickled = False
+
+        if context.result_column_struct:
+            (
+                result_columns,
+                cols_are_ordered,
+                textual_ordered,
+                ad_hoc_textual,
+                loose_column_name_matching,
+            ) = context.result_column_struct
+            num_ctx_cols = len(result_columns)
+        else:
+            result_columns = cols_are_ordered = (  # type: ignore
+                num_ctx_cols
+            ) = ad_hoc_textual = loose_column_name_matching = (
+                textual_ordered
+            ) = False
+
+        # merge cursor.description with the column info
+        # present in the compiled structure, if any
+        raw = self._merge_cursor_description(
+            context,
+            cursor_description,
+            result_columns,
+            num_ctx_cols,
+            cols_are_ordered,
+            textual_ordered,
+            ad_hoc_textual,
+            loose_column_name_matching,
+        )
+
+        # processors in key order which are used when building up
+        # a row
+        self._processors = [
+            metadata_entry[MD_PROCESSOR] for metadata_entry in raw
+        ]
+
+        # this is used when using this ResultMetaData in a Core-only cache
+        # retrieval context.  it's initialized on first cache retrieval
+        # when the _result_disable_adapt_to_context execution option
+        # (which the ORM generally sets) is not set.
+        self._keymap_by_result_column_idx = None
+
+        # for compiled SQL constructs, copy additional lookup keys into
+        # the key lookup map, such as Column objects, labels,
+        # column keys and other names
+        if num_ctx_cols:
+            # keymap by primary string...
+            by_key: Dict[_KeyType, _CursorKeyMapRecType] = {
+                metadata_entry[MD_LOOKUP_KEY]: metadata_entry
+                for metadata_entry in raw
+            }
+
+            if len(by_key) != num_ctx_cols:
+                # if by-primary-string dictionary smaller than
+                # number of columns, assume we have dupes; (this check
+                # is also in place if string dictionary is bigger, as
+                # can occur when '*' was used as one of the compiled columns,
+                # which may or may not be suggestive of dupes), rewrite
+                # dupe records with "None" for index which results in
+                # ambiguous column exception when accessed.
+                #
+                # this is considered to be the less common case as it is not
+                # common to have dupe column keys in a SELECT statement.
+                #
+                # new in 1.4: get the complete set of all possible keys,
+                # strings, objects, whatever, that are dupes across two
+                # different records, first.
+                index_by_key: Dict[Any, Any] = {}
+                dupes = set()
+                for metadata_entry in raw:
+                    for key in (metadata_entry[MD_RENDERED_NAME],) + (
+                        metadata_entry[MD_OBJECTS] or ()
+                    ):
+                        idx = metadata_entry[MD_INDEX]
+                        # if this key has been associated with more than one
+                        # positional index, it's a dupe
+                        if index_by_key.setdefault(key, idx) != idx:
+                            dupes.add(key)
+
+                # then put everything we have into the keymap excluding only
+                # those keys that are dupes.
+                self._keymap = {
+                    obj_elem: metadata_entry
+                    for metadata_entry in raw
+                    if metadata_entry[MD_OBJECTS]
+                    for obj_elem in metadata_entry[MD_OBJECTS]
+                    if obj_elem not in dupes
+                }
+
+                # then for the dupe keys, put the "ambiguous column"
+                # record into by_key.
+                by_key.update(
+                    {
+                        key: (None, -1, (), key, key, None, None)
+                        for key in dupes
+                    }
+                )
+
+            else:
+                # no dupes - copy secondary elements from compiled
+                # columns into self._keymap.  this is the most common
+                # codepath for Core / ORM statement executions before the
+                # result metadata is cached
+                self._keymap = {
+                    obj_elem: metadata_entry
+                    for metadata_entry in raw
+                    if metadata_entry[MD_OBJECTS]
+                    for obj_elem in metadata_entry[MD_OBJECTS]
+                }
+            # update keymap with primary string names taking
+            # precedence
+            self._keymap.update(by_key)
+        else:
+            # no compiled objects to map, just create keymap by primary string
+            self._keymap = {
+                metadata_entry[MD_LOOKUP_KEY]: metadata_entry
+                for metadata_entry in raw
+            }
+
+        # update keymap with "translated" names.  In SQLAlchemy this is a
+        # sqlite only thing, and in fact impacting only extremely old SQLite
+        # versions unlikely to be present in modern Python versions.
+        # however, the pyhive third party dialect is
+        # also using this hook, which means others still might use it as well.
+        # I dislike having this awkward hook here but as long as we need
+        # to use names in cursor.description in some cases we need to have
+        # some hook to accomplish this.
+        if not num_ctx_cols and context._translate_colname:
+            self._keymap.update(
+                {
+                    metadata_entry[MD_UNTRANSLATED]: self._keymap[
+                        metadata_entry[MD_LOOKUP_KEY]
+                    ]
+                    for metadata_entry in raw
+                    if metadata_entry[MD_UNTRANSLATED]
+                }
+            )
+
+        self._key_to_index = self._make_key_to_index(self._keymap, MD_INDEX)
+
+    def _merge_cursor_description(
+        self,
+        context: DefaultExecutionContext,
+        cursor_description: _DBAPICursorDescription,
+        result_columns: Sequence[ResultColumnsEntry],
+        num_ctx_cols: int,
+        cols_are_ordered: bool,
+        textual_ordered: bool,
+        ad_hoc_textual: bool,
+        loose_column_name_matching: bool,
+    ) -> List[_CursorKeyMapRecType]:
+        """Merge a cursor.description with compiled result column information.
+
+        There are at least four separate strategies used here, selected
+        depending on the type of SQL construct used to start with.
+
+        The most common case is that of the compiled SQL expression construct,
+        which generated the column names present in the raw SQL string and
+        which has the identical number of columns as were reported by
+        cursor.description.  In this case, we assume a 1-1 positional mapping
+        between the entries in cursor.description and the compiled object.
+        This is also the most performant case as we disregard extracting /
+        decoding the column names present in cursor.description since we
+        already have the desired name we generated in the compiled SQL
+        construct.
+
+        The next common case is that of the completely raw string SQL,
+        such as passed to connection.execute().  In this case we have no
+        compiled construct to work with, so we extract and decode the
+        names from cursor.description and index those as the primary
+        result row target keys.
+
+        The remaining fairly common case is that of the textual SQL
+        that includes at least partial column information; this is when
+        we use a :class:`_expression.TextualSelect` construct.
+        This construct may have
+        unordered or ordered column information.  In the ordered case, we
+        merge the cursor.description and the compiled construct's information
+        positionally, and warn if there are additional description names
+        present, however we still decode the names in cursor.description
+        as we don't have a guarantee that the names in the columns match
+        on these.   In the unordered case, we match names in cursor.description
+        to that of the compiled construct based on name matching.
+        In both of these cases, the cursor.description names and the column
+        expression objects and names are indexed as result row target keys.
+
+        The final case is much less common, where we have a compiled
+        non-textual SQL expression construct, but the number of columns
+        in cursor.description doesn't match what's in the compiled
+        construct.  We make the guess here that there might be textual
+        column expressions in the compiled construct that themselves include
+        a comma in them causing them to split.  We do the same name-matching
+        as with textual non-ordered columns.
+
+        The name-matched system of merging is the same as that used by
+        SQLAlchemy for all cases up through the 0.9 series.   Positional
+        matching for compiled SQL expressions was introduced in 1.0 as a
+        major performance feature, and positional matching for textual
+        :class:`_expression.TextualSelect` objects in 1.1.
+        As name matching is no longer
+        a common case, it was acceptable to factor it into smaller generator-
+        oriented methods that are easier to understand, but incur slightly
+        more performance overhead.
+
+        """
+
+        if (
+            num_ctx_cols
+            and cols_are_ordered
+            and not textual_ordered
+            and num_ctx_cols == len(cursor_description)
+        ):
+            self._keys = [elem[0] for elem in result_columns]
+            # pure positional 1-1 case; doesn't need to read
+            # the names from cursor.description
+
+            # most common case for Core and ORM
+
+            # this metadata is safe to cache because we are guaranteed
+            # to have the columns in the same order for new executions
+            self._safe_for_cache = True
+            return [
+                (
+                    idx,
+                    idx,
+                    rmap_entry[RM_OBJECTS],
+                    rmap_entry[RM_NAME],
+                    rmap_entry[RM_RENDERED_NAME],
+                    context.get_result_processor(
+                        rmap_entry[RM_TYPE],
+                        rmap_entry[RM_RENDERED_NAME],
+                        cursor_description[idx][1],
+                    ),
+                    None,
+                )
+                for idx, rmap_entry in enumerate(result_columns)
+            ]
+        else:
+            # name-based or text-positional cases, where we need
+            # to read cursor.description names
+
+            if textual_ordered or (
+                ad_hoc_textual and len(cursor_description) == num_ctx_cols
+            ):
+                self._safe_for_cache = True
+                # textual positional case
+                raw_iterator = self._merge_textual_cols_by_position(
+                    context, cursor_description, result_columns
+                )
+            elif num_ctx_cols:
+                # compiled SQL with a mismatch of description cols
+                # vs. compiled cols, or textual w/ unordered columns
+                # the order of columns can change if the query is
+                # against a "select *", so not safe to cache
+                self._safe_for_cache = False
+                raw_iterator = self._merge_cols_by_name(
+                    context,
+                    cursor_description,
+                    result_columns,
+                    loose_column_name_matching,
+                )
+            else:
+                # no compiled SQL, just a raw string, order of columns
+                # can change for "select *"
+                self._safe_for_cache = False
+                raw_iterator = self._merge_cols_by_none(
+                    context, cursor_description
+                )
+
+            return [
+                (
+                    idx,
+                    ridx,
+                    obj,
+                    cursor_colname,
+                    cursor_colname,
+                    context.get_result_processor(
+                        mapped_type, cursor_colname, coltype
+                    ),
+                    untranslated,
+                )  # type: ignore[misc]
+                for (
+                    idx,
+                    ridx,
+                    cursor_colname,
+                    mapped_type,
+                    coltype,
+                    obj,
+                    untranslated,
+                ) in raw_iterator
+            ]
+
+    def _colnames_from_description(
+        self,
+        context: DefaultExecutionContext,
+        cursor_description: _DBAPICursorDescription,
+    ) -> Iterator[Tuple[int, str, Optional[str], DBAPIType]]:
+        """Extract column names and data types from a cursor.description.
+
+        Applies unicode decoding, column translation, "normalization",
+        and case sensitivity rules to the names based on the dialect.
+
+        """
+
+        dialect = context.dialect
+        translate_colname = context._translate_colname
+        normalize_name = (
+            dialect.normalize_name if dialect.requires_name_normalize else None
+        )
+        untranslated = None
+
+        self._keys = []
+
+        for idx, rec in enumerate(cursor_description):
+            colname = rec[0]
+            coltype = rec[1]
+
+            if translate_colname:
+                colname, untranslated = translate_colname(colname)
+
+            if normalize_name:
+                colname = normalize_name(colname)
+
+            self._keys.append(colname)
+
+            yield idx, colname, untranslated, coltype
+
+    def _merge_textual_cols_by_position(
+        self,
+        context: DefaultExecutionContext,
+        cursor_description: _DBAPICursorDescription,
+        result_columns: Sequence[ResultColumnsEntry],
+    ) -> Iterator[_MergeColTuple]:
+        num_ctx_cols = len(result_columns)
+
+        if num_ctx_cols > len(cursor_description):
+            util.warn(
+                "Number of columns in textual SQL (%d) is "
+                "smaller than number of columns requested (%d)"
+                % (num_ctx_cols, len(cursor_description))
+            )
+        seen = set()
+
+        for (
+            idx,
+            colname,
+            untranslated,
+            coltype,
+        ) in self._colnames_from_description(context, cursor_description):
+            if idx < num_ctx_cols:
+                ctx_rec = result_columns[idx]
+                obj = ctx_rec[RM_OBJECTS]
+                ridx = idx
+                mapped_type = ctx_rec[RM_TYPE]
+                if obj[0] in seen:
+                    raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                        "Duplicate column expression requested "
+                        "in textual SQL: %r" % obj[0]
+                    )
+                seen.add(obj[0])
+            else:
+                mapped_type = sqltypes.NULLTYPE
+                obj = None
+                ridx = None
+            yield idx, ridx, colname, mapped_type, coltype, obj, untranslated
+
+    def _merge_cols_by_name(
+        self,
+        context: DefaultExecutionContext,
+        cursor_description: _DBAPICursorDescription,
+        result_columns: Sequence[ResultColumnsEntry],
+        loose_column_name_matching: bool,
+    ) -> Iterator[_MergeColTuple]:
+        match_map = self._create_description_match_map(
+            result_columns, loose_column_name_matching
+        )
+        mapped_type: TypeEngine[Any]
+
+        for (
+            idx,
+            colname,
+            untranslated,
+            coltype,
+        ) in self._colnames_from_description(context, cursor_description):
+            try:
+                ctx_rec = match_map[colname]
+            except KeyError:
+                mapped_type = sqltypes.NULLTYPE
+                obj = None
+                result_columns_idx = None
+            else:
+                obj = ctx_rec[1]
+                mapped_type = ctx_rec[2]
+                result_columns_idx = ctx_rec[3]
+            yield (
+                idx,
+                result_columns_idx,
+                colname,
+                mapped_type,
+                coltype,
+                obj,
+                untranslated,
+            )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _create_description_match_map(
+        cls,
+        result_columns: Sequence[ResultColumnsEntry],
+        loose_column_name_matching: bool = False,
+    ) -> Dict[Union[str, object], Tuple[str, TupleAny, TypeEngine[Any], int]]:
+        """when matching cursor.description to a set of names that are present
+        in a Compiled object, as is the case with TextualSelect, get all the
+        names we expect might match those in cursor.description.
+        """
+
+        d: Dict[
+            Union[str, object],
+            Tuple[str, TupleAny, TypeEngine[Any], int],
+        ] = {}
+        for ridx, elem in enumerate(result_columns):
+            key = elem[RM_RENDERED_NAME]
+            if key in d:
+                # conflicting keyname - just add the column-linked objects
+                # to the existing record.  if there is a duplicate column
+                # name in the cursor description, this will allow all of those
+                # objects to raise an ambiguous column error
+                e_name, e_obj, e_type, e_ridx = d[key]
+                d[key] = e_name, e_obj + elem[RM_OBJECTS], e_type, ridx
+            else:
+                d[key] = (elem[RM_NAME], elem[RM_OBJECTS], elem[RM_TYPE], ridx)
+
+            if loose_column_name_matching:
+                # when using a textual statement with an unordered set
+                # of columns that line up, we are expecting the user
+                # to be using label names in the SQL that match to the column
+                # expressions.  Enable more liberal matching for this case;
+                # duplicate keys that are ambiguous will be fixed later.
+                for r_key in elem[RM_OBJECTS]:
+                    d.setdefault(
+                        r_key,
+                        (elem[RM_NAME], elem[RM_OBJECTS], elem[RM_TYPE], ridx),
+                    )
+        return d
+
+    def _merge_cols_by_none(
+        self,
+        context: DefaultExecutionContext,
+        cursor_description: _DBAPICursorDescription,
+    ) -> Iterator[_MergeColTuple]:
+        self._keys = []
+
+        for (
+            idx,
+            colname,
+            untranslated,
+            coltype,
+        ) in self._colnames_from_description(context, cursor_description):
+            yield (
+                idx,
+                None,
+                colname,
+                sqltypes.NULLTYPE,
+                coltype,
+                None,
+                untranslated,
+            )
+
+    if not TYPE_CHECKING:
+
+        def _key_fallback(
+            self, key: Any, err: Optional[Exception], raiseerr: bool = True
+        ) -> Optional[NoReturn]:
+            if raiseerr:
+                if self._unpickled and isinstance(key, elements.ColumnElement):
+                    raise exc.NoSuchColumnError(
+                        "Row was unpickled; lookup by ColumnElement "
+                        "is unsupported"
+                    ) from err
+                else:
+                    raise exc.NoSuchColumnError(
+                        "Could not locate column in row for column '%s'"
+                        % util.string_or_unprintable(key)
+                    ) from err
+            else:
+                return None
+
+    def _raise_for_ambiguous_column_name(
+        self, rec: _KeyMapRecType
+    ) -> NoReturn:
+        raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+            "Ambiguous column name '%s' in "
+            "result set column descriptions" % rec[MD_LOOKUP_KEY]
+        )
+
+    def _index_for_key(
+        self, key: _KeyIndexType, raiseerr: bool = True
+    ) -> Optional[int]:
+        # TODO: can consider pre-loading ints and negative ints
+        # into _keymap - also no coverage here
+        if isinstance(key, int):
+            key = self._keys[key]
+
+        try:
+            rec = self._keymap[key]
+        except KeyError as ke:
+            x = self._key_fallback(key, ke, raiseerr)
+            assert x is None
+            return None
+
+        index = rec[0]
+
+        if index is None:
+            self._raise_for_ambiguous_column_name(rec)
+        return index
+
+    def _indexes_for_keys(
+        self, keys: Sequence[_KeyIndexType]
+    ) -> Sequence[int]:
+        try:
+            return [self._keymap[key][0] for key in keys]  # type: ignore[index,misc]  # noqa: E501
+        except KeyError as ke:
+            # ensure it raises
+            CursorResultMetaData._key_fallback(self, ke.args[0], ke)
+
+    def _metadata_for_keys(
+        self, keys: Sequence[_KeyIndexType]
+    ) -> Iterator[_NonAmbigCursorKeyMapRecType]:
+        for key in keys:
+            if int in key.__class__.__mro__:
+                key = self._keys[key]  # type: ignore[index]
+
+            try:
+                rec = self._keymap[key]  # type: ignore[index]
+            except KeyError as ke:
+                # ensure it raises
+                CursorResultMetaData._key_fallback(self, ke.args[0], ke)
+
+            index = rec[MD_INDEX]
+
+            if index is None:
+                self._raise_for_ambiguous_column_name(rec)
+
+            yield cast(_NonAmbigCursorKeyMapRecType, rec)
+
+    def __getstate__(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        # TODO: consider serializing this as SimpleResultMetaData
+        return {
+            "_keymap": {
+                key: (
+                    rec[MD_INDEX],
+                    rec[MD_RESULT_MAP_INDEX],
+                    [],
+                    key,
+                    rec[MD_RENDERED_NAME],
+                    None,
+                    None,
+                )
+                for key, rec in self._keymap.items()
+                if isinstance(key, (str, int))
+            },
+            "_keys": self._keys,
+            "_translated_indexes": self._translated_indexes,
+        }
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        self._processors = [None for _ in range(len(state["_keys"]))]
+        self._keymap = state["_keymap"]
+        self._keymap_by_result_column_idx = None
+        self._key_to_index = self._make_key_to_index(self._keymap, MD_INDEX)
+        self._keys = state["_keys"]
+        self._unpickled = True
+        if state["_translated_indexes"]:
+            self._translated_indexes = cast(
+                "List[int]", state["_translated_indexes"]
+            )
+            self._tuplefilter = tuplegetter(*self._translated_indexes)
+        else:
+            self._translated_indexes = self._tuplefilter = None
+
+
+class ResultFetchStrategy:
+    """Define a fetching strategy for a result object.
+
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.4
+
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    alternate_cursor_description: Optional[_DBAPICursorDescription] = None
+
+    def soft_close(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: Optional[DBAPICursor]
+    ) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def hard_close(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: Optional[DBAPICursor]
+    ) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def yield_per(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        num: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        return
+
+    def fetchone(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        hard_close: bool = False,
+    ) -> Any:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def fetchmany(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        size: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> Any:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def fetchall(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor,
+    ) -> Any:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def handle_exception(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: Optional[DBAPICursor],
+        err: BaseException,
+    ) -> NoReturn:
+        raise err
+
+
+class NoCursorFetchStrategy(ResultFetchStrategy):
+    """Cursor strategy for a result that has no open cursor.
+
+    There are two varieties of this strategy, one for DQL and one for
+    DML (and also DDL), each of which represent a result that had a cursor
+    but no longer has one.
+
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def soft_close(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: Optional[DBAPICursor],
+    ) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def hard_close(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: Optional[DBAPICursor],
+    ) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def fetchone(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        hard_close: bool = False,
+    ) -> Any:
+        return self._non_result(result, None)
+
+    def fetchmany(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        size: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> Any:
+        return self._non_result(result, [])
+
+    def fetchall(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor
+    ) -> Any:
+        return self._non_result(result, [])
+
+    def _non_result(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        default: Any,
+        err: Optional[BaseException] = None,
+    ) -> Any:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class NoCursorDQLFetchStrategy(NoCursorFetchStrategy):
+    """Cursor strategy for a DQL result that has no open cursor.
+
+    This is a result set that can return rows, i.e. for a SELECT, or for an
+    INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE that includes RETURNING. However it is in the state
+    where the cursor is closed and no rows remain available.  The owning result
+    object may or may not be "hard closed", which determines if the fetch
+    methods send empty results or raise for closed result.
+
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _non_result(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        default: Any,
+        err: Optional[BaseException] = None,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if result.closed:
+            raise exc.ResourceClosedError(
+                "This result object is closed."
+            ) from err
+        else:
+            return default
+
+
+_NO_CURSOR_DQL = NoCursorDQLFetchStrategy()
+
+
+class NoCursorDMLFetchStrategy(NoCursorFetchStrategy):
+    """Cursor strategy for a DML result that has no open cursor.
+
+    This is a result set that does not return rows, i.e. for an INSERT,
+    UPDATE, DELETE that does not include RETURNING.
+
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _non_result(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        default: Any,
+        err: Optional[BaseException] = None,
+    ) -> Any:
+        # we only expect to have a _NoResultMetaData() here right now.
+        assert not result._metadata.returns_rows
+        result._metadata._we_dont_return_rows(err)  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+
+
+_NO_CURSOR_DML = NoCursorDMLFetchStrategy()
+
+
+class CursorFetchStrategy(ResultFetchStrategy):
+    """Call fetch methods from a DBAPI cursor.
+
+    Alternate versions of this class may instead buffer the rows from
+    cursors or not use cursors at all.
+
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def soft_close(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: Optional[DBAPICursor]
+    ) -> None:
+        result.cursor_strategy = _NO_CURSOR_DQL
+
+    def hard_close(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: Optional[DBAPICursor]
+    ) -> None:
+        result.cursor_strategy = _NO_CURSOR_DQL
+
+    def handle_exception(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: Optional[DBAPICursor],
+        err: BaseException,
+    ) -> NoReturn:
+        result.connection._handle_dbapi_exception(
+            err, None, None, dbapi_cursor, result.context
+        )
+
+    def yield_per(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor, num: int
+    ) -> None:
+        result.cursor_strategy = BufferedRowCursorFetchStrategy(
+            dbapi_cursor,
+            {"max_row_buffer": num},
+            initial_buffer=collections.deque(),
+            growth_factor=0,
+        )
+
+    def fetchone(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        hard_close: bool = False,
+    ) -> Any:
+        try:
+            row = dbapi_cursor.fetchone()
+            if row is None:
+                result._soft_close(hard=hard_close)
+            return row
+        except BaseException as e:
+            self.handle_exception(result, dbapi_cursor, e)
+
+    def fetchmany(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        size: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> Any:
+        try:
+            if size is None:
+                l = dbapi_cursor.fetchmany()
+            else:
+                l = dbapi_cursor.fetchmany(size)
+
+            if not l:
+                result._soft_close()
+            return l
+        except BaseException as e:
+            self.handle_exception(result, dbapi_cursor, e)
+
+    def fetchall(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor,
+    ) -> Any:
+        try:
+            rows = dbapi_cursor.fetchall()
+            result._soft_close()
+            return rows
+        except BaseException as e:
+            self.handle_exception(result, dbapi_cursor, e)
+
+
+_DEFAULT_FETCH = CursorFetchStrategy()
+
+
+class BufferedRowCursorFetchStrategy(CursorFetchStrategy):
+    """A cursor fetch strategy with row buffering behavior.
+
+    This strategy buffers the contents of a selection of rows
+    before ``fetchone()`` is called.  This is to allow the results of
+    ``cursor.description`` to be available immediately, when
+    interfacing with a DB-API that requires rows to be consumed before
+    this information is available (currently psycopg2, when used with
+    server-side cursors).
+
+    The pre-fetching behavior fetches only one row initially, and then
+    grows its buffer size by a fixed amount with each successive need
+    for additional rows up the ``max_row_buffer`` size, which defaults
+    to 1000::
+
+        with psycopg2_engine.connect() as conn:
+
+            result = conn.execution_options(
+                stream_results=True, max_row_buffer=50
+            ).execute(text("select * from table"))
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.4 ``max_row_buffer`` may now exceed 1000 rows.
+
+    .. seealso::
+
+        :ref:`psycopg2_execution_options`
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ("_max_row_buffer", "_rowbuffer", "_bufsize", "_growth_factor")
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        execution_options: CoreExecuteOptionsParameter,
+        growth_factor: int = 5,
+        initial_buffer: Optional[Deque[Any]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._max_row_buffer = execution_options.get("max_row_buffer", 1000)
+
+        if initial_buffer is not None:
+            self._rowbuffer = initial_buffer
+        else:
+            self._rowbuffer = collections.deque(dbapi_cursor.fetchmany(1))
+        self._growth_factor = growth_factor
+
+        if growth_factor:
+            self._bufsize = min(self._max_row_buffer, self._growth_factor)
+        else:
+            self._bufsize = self._max_row_buffer
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create(
+        cls, result: CursorResult[Any]
+    ) -> BufferedRowCursorFetchStrategy:
+        return BufferedRowCursorFetchStrategy(
+            result.cursor,
+            result.context.execution_options,
+        )
+
+    def _buffer_rows(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor
+    ) -> None:
+        """this is currently used only by fetchone()."""
+
+        size = self._bufsize
+        try:
+            if size < 1:
+                new_rows = dbapi_cursor.fetchall()
+            else:
+                new_rows = dbapi_cursor.fetchmany(size)
+        except BaseException as e:
+            self.handle_exception(result, dbapi_cursor, e)
+
+        if not new_rows:
+            return
+        self._rowbuffer = collections.deque(new_rows)
+        if self._growth_factor and size < self._max_row_buffer:
+            self._bufsize = min(
+                self._max_row_buffer, size * self._growth_factor
+            )
+
+    def yield_per(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor, num: int
+    ) -> None:
+        self._growth_factor = 0
+        self._max_row_buffer = self._bufsize = num
+
+    def soft_close(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: Optional[DBAPICursor]
+    ) -> None:
+        self._rowbuffer.clear()
+        super().soft_close(result, dbapi_cursor)
+
+    def hard_close(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: Optional[DBAPICursor]
+    ) -> None:
+        self._rowbuffer.clear()
+        super().hard_close(result, dbapi_cursor)
+
+    def fetchone(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        hard_close: bool = False,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if not self._rowbuffer:
+            self._buffer_rows(result, dbapi_cursor)
+            if not self._rowbuffer:
+                try:
+                    result._soft_close(hard=hard_close)
+                except BaseException as e:
+                    self.handle_exception(result, dbapi_cursor, e)
+                return None
+        return self._rowbuffer.popleft()
+
+    def fetchmany(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        size: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if size is None:
+            return self.fetchall(result, dbapi_cursor)
+
+        rb = self._rowbuffer
+        lb = len(rb)
+        close = False
+        if size > lb:
+            try:
+                new = dbapi_cursor.fetchmany(size - lb)
+            except BaseException as e:
+                self.handle_exception(result, dbapi_cursor, e)
+            else:
+                if not new:
+                    # defer closing since it may clear the row buffer
+                    close = True
+                else:
+                    rb.extend(new)
+
+        res = [rb.popleft() for _ in range(min(size, len(rb)))]
+        if close:
+            result._soft_close()
+        return res
+
+    def fetchall(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor
+    ) -> Any:
+        try:
+            ret = list(self._rowbuffer) + list(dbapi_cursor.fetchall())
+            self._rowbuffer.clear()
+            result._soft_close()
+            return ret
+        except BaseException as e:
+            self.handle_exception(result, dbapi_cursor, e)
+
+
+class FullyBufferedCursorFetchStrategy(CursorFetchStrategy):
+    """A cursor strategy that buffers rows fully upon creation.
+
+    Used for operations where a result is to be delivered
+    after the database conversation can not be continued,
+    such as MSSQL INSERT...OUTPUT after an autocommit.
+
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ("_rowbuffer", "alternate_cursor_description")
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        dbapi_cursor: Optional[DBAPICursor],
+        alternate_description: Optional[_DBAPICursorDescription] = None,
+        initial_buffer: Optional[Iterable[Any]] = None,
+    ):
+        self.alternate_cursor_description = alternate_description
+        if initial_buffer is not None:
+            self._rowbuffer = collections.deque(initial_buffer)
+        else:
+            assert dbapi_cursor is not None
+            self._rowbuffer = collections.deque(dbapi_cursor.fetchall())
+
+    def yield_per(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor, num: int
+    ) -> Any:
+        pass
+
+    def soft_close(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: Optional[DBAPICursor]
+    ) -> None:
+        self._rowbuffer.clear()
+        super().soft_close(result, dbapi_cursor)
+
+    def hard_close(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: Optional[DBAPICursor]
+    ) -> None:
+        self._rowbuffer.clear()
+        super().hard_close(result, dbapi_cursor)
+
+    def fetchone(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        hard_close: bool = False,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if self._rowbuffer:
+            return self._rowbuffer.popleft()
+        else:
+            result._soft_close(hard=hard_close)
+            return None
+
+    def fetchmany(
+        self,
+        result: CursorResult[Any],
+        dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        size: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if size is None:
+            return self.fetchall(result, dbapi_cursor)
+
+        rb = self._rowbuffer
+        rows = [rb.popleft() for _ in range(min(size, len(rb)))]
+        if not rows:
+            result._soft_close()
+        return rows
+
+    def fetchall(
+        self, result: CursorResult[Any], dbapi_cursor: DBAPICursor
+    ) -> Any:
+        ret = self._rowbuffer
+        self._rowbuffer = collections.deque()
+        result._soft_close()
+        return ret
+
+
+class _NoResultMetaData(ResultMetaData):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    returns_rows = False
+
+    def _we_dont_return_rows(
+        self, err: Optional[BaseException] = None
+    ) -> NoReturn:
+        raise exc.ResourceClosedError(
+            "This result object does not return rows. "
+            "It has been closed automatically."
+        ) from err
+
+    def _index_for_key(self, keys: _KeyIndexType, raiseerr: bool) -> NoReturn:
+        self._we_dont_return_rows()
+
+    def _metadata_for_keys(self, keys: Sequence[_KeyIndexType]) -> NoReturn:
+        self._we_dont_return_rows()
+
+    def _reduce(self, keys: Sequence[_KeyIndexType]) -> NoReturn:
+        self._we_dont_return_rows()
+
+    @property
+    def _keymap(self) -> NoReturn:  # type: ignore[override]
+        self._we_dont_return_rows()
+
+    @property
+    def _key_to_index(self) -> NoReturn:  # type: ignore[override]
+        self._we_dont_return_rows()
+
+    @property
+    def _processors(self) -> NoReturn:  # type: ignore[override]
+        self._we_dont_return_rows()
+
+    @property
+    def keys(self) -> NoReturn:
+        self._we_dont_return_rows()
+
+
+_NO_RESULT_METADATA = _NoResultMetaData()
+
+
+def null_dml_result() -> IteratorResult[Any]:
+    it: IteratorResult[Any] = IteratorResult(_NoResultMetaData(), iter([]))
+    it._soft_close()
+    return it
+
+
+class CursorResult(Result[_T]):
+    """A Result that is representing state from a DBAPI cursor.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.4  The :class:`.CursorResult``
+       class replaces the previous :class:`.ResultProxy` interface.
+       This classes are based on the :class:`.Result` calling API
+       which provides an updated usage model and calling facade for
+       SQLAlchemy Core and SQLAlchemy ORM.
+
+    Returns database rows via the :class:`.Row` class, which provides
+    additional API features and behaviors on top of the raw data returned by
+    the DBAPI.   Through the use of filters such as the :meth:`.Result.scalars`
+    method, other kinds of objects may also be returned.
+
+    .. seealso::
+
+        :ref:`tutorial_selecting_data` - introductory material for accessing
+        :class:`_engine.CursorResult` and :class:`.Row` objects.
+
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "context",
+        "dialect",
+        "cursor",
+        "cursor_strategy",
+        "_echo",
+        "connection",
+    )
+
+    _metadata: Union[CursorResultMetaData, _NoResultMetaData]
+    _no_result_metadata = _NO_RESULT_METADATA
+    _soft_closed: bool = False
+    closed: bool = False
+    _is_cursor = True
+
+    context: DefaultExecutionContext
+    dialect: Dialect
+    cursor_strategy: ResultFetchStrategy
+    connection: Connection
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        context: DefaultExecutionContext,
+        cursor_strategy: ResultFetchStrategy,
+        cursor_description: Optional[_DBAPICursorDescription],
+    ):
+        self.context = context
+        self.dialect = context.dialect
+        self.cursor = context.cursor
+        self.cursor_strategy = cursor_strategy
+        self.connection = context.root_connection
+        self._echo = echo = (
+            self.connection._echo and context.engine._should_log_debug()
+        )
+
+        if cursor_description is not None:
+            # inline of Result._row_getter(), set up an initial row
+            # getter assuming no transformations will be called as this
+            # is the most common case
+
+            metadata = self._init_metadata(context, cursor_description)
+
+            _make_row: Any
+            _make_row = functools.partial(
+                Row,
+                metadata,
+                metadata._effective_processors,
+                metadata._key_to_index,
+            )
+
+            if context._num_sentinel_cols:
+                sentinel_filter = operator.itemgetter(
+                    slice(-context._num_sentinel_cols)
+                )
+
+                def _sliced_row(raw_data: Any) -> Any:
+                    return _make_row(sentinel_filter(raw_data))
+
+                sliced_row = _sliced_row
+            else:
+                sliced_row = _make_row
+
+            if echo:
+                log = self.context.connection._log_debug
+
+                def _log_row(row: Any) -> Any:
+                    log("Row %r", sql_util._repr_row(row))
+                    return row
+
+                self._row_logging_fn = _log_row
+
+                def _make_row_2(row: Any) -> Any:
+                    return _log_row(sliced_row(row))
+
+                make_row = _make_row_2
+            else:
+                make_row = sliced_row  # type: ignore[assignment]
+            self._set_memoized_attribute("_row_getter", make_row)
+
+        else:
+            assert context._num_sentinel_cols == 0
+            self._metadata = self._no_result_metadata
+
+    def _init_metadata(
+        self,
+        context: DefaultExecutionContext,
+        cursor_description: _DBAPICursorDescription,
+    ) -> CursorResultMetaData:
+
+        if context.compiled:
+            compiled = context.compiled
+
+            if compiled._cached_metadata:
+                metadata = compiled._cached_metadata
+            else:
+                metadata = CursorResultMetaData(self, cursor_description)
+                if metadata._safe_for_cache:
+                    compiled._cached_metadata = metadata
+
+            # result rewrite/ adapt step.  this is to suit the case
+            # when we are invoked against a cached Compiled object, we want
+            # to rewrite the ResultMetaData to reflect the Column objects
+            # that are in our current SQL statement object, not the one
+            # that is associated with the cached Compiled object.
+            # the Compiled object may also tell us to not
+            # actually do this step; this is to support the ORM where
+            # it is to produce a new Result object in any case, and will
+            # be using the cached Column objects against this database result
+            # so we don't want to rewrite them.
+            #
+            # Basically this step suits the use case where the end user
+            # is using Core SQL expressions and is accessing columns in the
+            # result row using row._mapping[table.c.column].
+            if (
+                not context.execution_options.get(
+                    "_result_disable_adapt_to_context", False
+                )
+                and compiled._result_columns
+                and context.cache_hit is context.dialect.CACHE_HIT
+                and compiled.statement is not context.invoked_statement  # type: ignore[comparison-overlap] # noqa: E501
+            ):
+                metadata = metadata._adapt_to_context(context)  # type: ignore[assignment] # noqa: E501
+
+            self._metadata = metadata
+
+        else:
+            self._metadata = metadata = CursorResultMetaData(
+                self, cursor_description
+            )
+        if self._echo:
+            context.connection._log_debug(
+                "Col %r", tuple(x[0] for x in cursor_description)
+            )
+        return metadata
+
+    def _soft_close(self, hard: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Soft close this :class:`_engine.CursorResult`.
+
+        This releases all DBAPI cursor resources, but leaves the
+        CursorResult "open" from a semantic perspective, meaning the
+        fetchXXX() methods will continue to return empty results.
+
+        This method is called automatically when:
+
+        * all result rows are exhausted using the fetchXXX() methods.
+        * cursor.description is None.
+
+        This method is **not public**, but is documented in order to clarify
+        the "autoclose" process used.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :meth:`_engine.CursorResult.close`
+
+
+        """
+
+        if (not hard and self._soft_closed) or (hard and self.closed):
+            return
+
+        if hard:
+            self.closed = True
+            self.cursor_strategy.hard_close(self, self.cursor)
+        else:
+            self.cursor_strategy.soft_close(self, self.cursor)
+
+        if not self._soft_closed:
+            cursor = self.cursor
+            self.cursor = None  # type: ignore
+            self.connection._safe_close_cursor(cursor)
+            self._soft_closed = True
+
+    @property
+    def inserted_primary_key_rows(self) -> List[Optional[Any]]:
+        """Return the value of
+        :attr:`_engine.CursorResult.inserted_primary_key`
+        as a row contained within a list; some dialects may support a
+        multiple row form as well.
+
+        .. note:: As indicated below, in current SQLAlchemy versions this
+           accessor is only useful beyond what's already supplied by
+           :attr:`_engine.CursorResult.inserted_primary_key` when using the
+           :ref:`postgresql_psycopg2` dialect.   Future versions hope to
+           generalize this feature to more dialects.
+
+        This accessor is added to support dialects that offer the feature
+        that is currently implemented by the :ref:`psycopg2_executemany_mode`
+        feature, currently **only the psycopg2 dialect**, which provides
+        for many rows to be INSERTed at once while still retaining the
+        behavior of being able to return server-generated primary key values.
+
+        * **When using the psycopg2 dialect, or other dialects that may support
+          "fast executemany" style inserts in upcoming releases** : When
+          invoking an INSERT statement while passing a list of rows as the
+          second argument to :meth:`_engine.Connection.execute`, this accessor
+          will then provide a list of rows, where each row contains the primary
+          key value for each row that was INSERTed.
+
+        * **When using all other dialects / backends that don't yet support
+          this feature**: This accessor is only useful for **single row INSERT
+          statements**, and returns the same information as that of the
+          :attr:`_engine.CursorResult.inserted_primary_key` within a
+          single-element list. When an INSERT statement is executed in
+          conjunction with a list of rows to be INSERTed, the list will contain
+          one row per row inserted in the statement, however it will contain
+          ``None`` for any server-generated values.
+
+        Future releases of SQLAlchemy will further generalize the
+        "fast execution helper" feature of psycopg2 to suit other dialects,
+        thus allowing this accessor to be of more general use.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.4
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :attr:`_engine.CursorResult.inserted_primary_key`
+
+        """
+        if not self.context.compiled:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "Statement is not a compiled expression construct."
+            )
+        elif not self.context.isinsert:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "Statement is not an insert() expression construct."
+            )
+        elif self.context._is_explicit_returning:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "Can't call inserted_primary_key "
+                "when returning() "
+                "is used."
+            )
+        return self.context.inserted_primary_key_rows  # type: ignore[no-any-return]  # noqa: E501
+
+    @property
+    def inserted_primary_key(self) -> Optional[Any]:
+        """Return the primary key for the row just inserted.
+
+        The return value is a :class:`_result.Row` object representing
+        a named tuple of primary key values in the order in which the
+        primary key columns are configured in the source
+        :class:`_schema.Table`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.4.8 - the
+           :attr:`_engine.CursorResult.inserted_primary_key`
+           value is now a named tuple via the :class:`_result.Row` class,
+           rather than a plain tuple.
+
+        This accessor only applies to single row :func:`_expression.insert`
+        constructs which did not explicitly specify
+        :meth:`_expression.Insert.returning`.    Support for multirow inserts,
+        while not yet available for most backends, would be accessed using
+        the :attr:`_engine.CursorResult.inserted_primary_key_rows` accessor.
+
+        Note that primary key columns which specify a server_default clause, or
+        otherwise do not qualify as "autoincrement" columns (see the notes at
+        :class:`_schema.Column`), and were generated using the database-side
+        default, will appear in this list as ``None`` unless the backend
+        supports "returning" and the insert statement executed with the
+        "implicit returning" enabled.
+
+        Raises :class:`~sqlalchemy.exc.InvalidRequestError` if the executed
+        statement is not a compiled expression construct
+        or is not an insert() construct.
+
+        """
+
+        if self.context.executemany:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "This statement was an executemany call; if primary key "
+                "returning is supported, please "
+                "use .inserted_primary_key_rows."
+            )
+
+        ikp = self.inserted_primary_key_rows
+        if ikp:
+            return ikp[0]
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def last_updated_params(
+        self,
+    ) -> Union[
+        List[_MutableCoreSingleExecuteParams], _MutableCoreSingleExecuteParams
+    ]:
+        """Return the collection of updated parameters from this
+        execution.
+
+        Raises :class:`~sqlalchemy.exc.InvalidRequestError` if the executed
+        statement is not a compiled expression construct
+        or is not an update() construct.
+
+        """
+        if not self.context.compiled:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "Statement is not a compiled expression construct."
+            )
+        elif not self.context.isupdate:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "Statement is not an update() expression construct."
+            )
+        elif self.context.executemany:
+            return self.context.compiled_parameters
+        else:
+            return self.context.compiled_parameters[0]
+
+    def last_inserted_params(
+        self,
+    ) -> Union[
+        List[_MutableCoreSingleExecuteParams], _MutableCoreSingleExecuteParams
+    ]:
+        """Return the collection of inserted parameters from this
+        execution.
+
+        Raises :class:`~sqlalchemy.exc.InvalidRequestError` if the executed
+        statement is not a compiled expression construct
+        or is not an insert() construct.
+
+        """
+        if not self.context.compiled:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "Statement is not a compiled expression construct."
+            )
+        elif not self.context.isinsert:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "Statement is not an insert() expression construct."
+            )
+        elif self.context.executemany:
+            return self.context.compiled_parameters
+        else:
+            return self.context.compiled_parameters[0]
+
+    @property
+    def returned_defaults_rows(
+        self,
+    ) -> Optional[Sequence[Row[Any]]]:
+        """Return a list of rows each containing the values of default
+        columns that were fetched using
+        the :meth:`.ValuesBase.return_defaults` feature.
+
+        The return value is a list of :class:`.Row` objects.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.4
+
+        """
+        return self.context.returned_default_rows
+
+    def splice_horizontally(self, other: CursorResult[Any]) -> Self:
+        """Return a new :class:`.CursorResult` that "horizontally splices"
+        together the rows of this :class:`.CursorResult` with that of another
+        :class:`.CursorResult`.
+
+        .. tip::  This method is for the benefit of the SQLAlchemy ORM and is
+           not intended for general use.
+
+        "horizontally splices" means that for each row in the first and second
+        result sets, a new row that concatenates the two rows together is
+        produced, which then becomes the new row.  The incoming
+        :class:`.CursorResult` must have the identical number of rows.  It is
+        typically expected that the two result sets come from the same sort
+        order as well, as the result rows are spliced together based on their
+        position in the result.
+
+        The expected use case here is so that multiple INSERT..RETURNING
+        statements (which definitely need to be sorted) against different
+        tables can produce a single result that looks like a JOIN of those two
+        tables.
+
+        E.g.::
+
+            r1 = connection.execute(
+                users.insert().returning(
+                    users.c.user_name, users.c.user_id, sort_by_parameter_order=True
+                ),
+                user_values,
+            )
+
+            r2 = connection.execute(
+                addresses.insert().returning(
+                    addresses.c.address_id,
+                    addresses.c.address,
+                    addresses.c.user_id,
+                    sort_by_parameter_order=True,
+                ),
+                address_values,
+            )
+
+            rows = r1.splice_horizontally(r2).all()
+            assert rows == [
+                ("john", 1, 1, "foo@bar.com", 1),
+                ("jack", 2, 2, "bar@bat.com", 2),
+            ]
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :meth:`.CursorResult.splice_vertically`
+
+
+        """  # noqa: E501
+
+        clone = self._generate()
+        total_rows = [
+            tuple(r1) + tuple(r2)
+            for r1, r2 in zip(
+                list(self._raw_row_iterator()),
+                list(other._raw_row_iterator()),
+            )
+        ]
+
+        clone._metadata = clone._metadata._splice_horizontally(other._metadata)  # type: ignore[union-attr, arg-type] # noqa: E501
+
+        clone.cursor_strategy = FullyBufferedCursorFetchStrategy(
+            None,
+            initial_buffer=total_rows,
+        )
+        clone._reset_memoizations()
+        return clone
+
+    def splice_vertically(self, other: CursorResult[Any]) -> Self:
+        """Return a new :class:`.CursorResult` that "vertically splices",
+        i.e. "extends", the rows of this :class:`.CursorResult` with that of
+        another :class:`.CursorResult`.
+
+        .. tip::  This method is for the benefit of the SQLAlchemy ORM and is
+           not intended for general use.
+
+        "vertically splices" means the rows of the given result are appended to
+        the rows of this cursor result. The incoming :class:`.CursorResult`
+        must have rows that represent the identical list of columns in the
+        identical order as they are in this :class:`.CursorResult`.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :meth:`.CursorResult.splice_horizontally`
+
+        """
+        clone = self._generate()
+        total_rows = list(self._raw_row_iterator()) + list(
+            other._raw_row_iterator()
+        )
+
+        clone.cursor_strategy = FullyBufferedCursorFetchStrategy(
+            None,
+            initial_buffer=total_rows,
+        )
+        clone._reset_memoizations()
+        return clone
+
+    def _rewind(self, rows: Any) -> Self:
+        """rewind this result back to the given rowset.
+
+        this is used internally for the case where an :class:`.Insert`
+        construct combines the use of
+        :meth:`.Insert.return_defaults` along with the
+        "supplemental columns" feature.
+
+        """
+
+        if self._echo:
+            self.context.connection._log_debug(
+                "CursorResult rewound %d row(s)", len(rows)
+            )
+
+        # the rows given are expected to be Row objects, so we
+        # have to clear out processors which have already run on these
+        # rows
+        self._metadata = cast(
+            CursorResultMetaData, self._metadata
+        )._remove_processors()
+
+        self.cursor_strategy = FullyBufferedCursorFetchStrategy(
+            None,
+            # TODO: if these are Row objects, can we save on not having to
+            # re-make new Row objects out of them a second time?  is that
+            # what's actually happening right now?  maybe look into this
+            initial_buffer=rows,
+        )
+        self._reset_memoizations()
+        return self
+
+    @property
+    def returned_defaults(self) -> Optional[Row[Any]]:
+        """Return the values of default columns that were fetched using
+        the :meth:`.ValuesBase.return_defaults` feature.
+
+        The value is an instance of :class:`.Row`, or ``None``
+        if :meth:`.ValuesBase.return_defaults` was not used or if the
+        backend does not support RETURNING.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :meth:`.ValuesBase.return_defaults`
+
+        """
+
+        if self.context.executemany:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "This statement was an executemany call; if return defaults "
+                "is supported, please use .returned_defaults_rows."
+            )
+
+        rows = self.context.returned_default_rows
+        if rows:
+            return rows[0]
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def lastrow_has_defaults(self) -> bool:
+        """Return ``lastrow_has_defaults()`` from the underlying
+        :class:`.ExecutionContext`.
+
+        See :class:`.ExecutionContext` for details.
+
+        """
+
+        return self.context.lastrow_has_defaults()
+
+    def postfetch_cols(self) -> Optional[Sequence[Column[Any]]]:
+        """Return ``postfetch_cols()`` from the underlying
+        :class:`.ExecutionContext`.
+
+        See :class:`.ExecutionContext` for details.
+
+        Raises :class:`~sqlalchemy.exc.InvalidRequestError` if the executed
+        statement is not a compiled expression construct
+        or is not an insert() or update() construct.
+
+        """
+
+        if not self.context.compiled:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "Statement is not a compiled expression construct."
+            )
+        elif not self.context.isinsert and not self.context.isupdate:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "Statement is not an insert() or update() "
+                "expression construct."
+            )
+        return self.context.postfetch_cols
+
+    def prefetch_cols(self) -> Optional[Sequence[Column[Any]]]:
+        """Return ``prefetch_cols()`` from the underlying
+        :class:`.ExecutionContext`.
+
+        See :class:`.ExecutionContext` for details.
+
+        Raises :class:`~sqlalchemy.exc.InvalidRequestError` if the executed
+        statement is not a compiled expression construct
+        or is not an insert() or update() construct.
+
+        """
+
+        if not self.context.compiled:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "Statement is not a compiled expression construct."
+            )
+        elif not self.context.isinsert and not self.context.isupdate:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "Statement is not an insert() or update() "
+                "expression construct."
+            )
+        return self.context.prefetch_cols
+
+    def supports_sane_rowcount(self) -> bool:
+        """Return ``supports_sane_rowcount`` from the dialect.
+
+        See :attr:`_engine.CursorResult.rowcount` for background.
+
+        """
+
+        return self.dialect.supports_sane_rowcount
+
+    def supports_sane_multi_rowcount(self) -> bool:
+        """Return ``supports_sane_multi_rowcount`` from the dialect.
+
+        See :attr:`_engine.CursorResult.rowcount` for background.
+
+        """
+
+        return self.dialect.supports_sane_multi_rowcount
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def rowcount(self) -> int:
+        """Return the 'rowcount' for this result.
+
+        The primary purpose of 'rowcount' is to report the number of rows
+        matched by the WHERE criterion of an UPDATE or DELETE statement
+        executed once (i.e. for a single parameter set), which may then be
+        compared to the number of rows expected to be updated or deleted as a
+        means of asserting data integrity.
+
+        This attribute is transferred from the ``cursor.rowcount`` attribute
+        of the DBAPI before the cursor is closed, to support DBAPIs that
+        don't make this value available after cursor close.   Some DBAPIs may
+        offer meaningful values for other kinds of statements, such as INSERT
+        and SELECT statements as well.  In order to retrieve ``cursor.rowcount``
+        for these statements, set the
+        :paramref:`.Connection.execution_options.preserve_rowcount`
+        execution option to True, which will cause the ``cursor.rowcount``
+        value to be unconditionally memoized before any results are returned
+        or the cursor is closed, regardless of statement type.
+
+        For cases where the DBAPI does not support rowcount for a particular
+        kind of statement and/or execution, the returned value will be ``-1``,
+        which is delivered directly from the DBAPI and is part of :pep:`249`.
+        All DBAPIs should support rowcount for single-parameter-set
+        UPDATE and DELETE statements, however.
+
+        .. note::
+
+           Notes regarding :attr:`_engine.CursorResult.rowcount`:
+
+
+           * This attribute returns the number of rows *matched*,
+             which is not necessarily the same as the number of rows
+             that were actually *modified*. For example, an UPDATE statement
+             may have no net change on a given row if the SET values
+             given are the same as those present in the row already.
+             Such a row would be matched but not modified.
+             On backends that feature both styles, such as MySQL,
+             rowcount is configured to return the match
+             count in all cases.
+
+           * :attr:`_engine.CursorResult.rowcount` in the default case is
+             *only* useful in conjunction with an UPDATE or DELETE statement,
+             and only with a single set of parameters. For other kinds of
+             statements, SQLAlchemy will not attempt to pre-memoize the value
+             unless the
+             :paramref:`.Connection.execution_options.preserve_rowcount`
+             execution option is used.  Note that contrary to :pep:`249`, many
+             DBAPIs do not support rowcount values for statements that are not
+             UPDATE or DELETE, particularly when rows are being returned which
+             are not fully pre-buffered.   DBAPIs that dont support rowcount
+             for a particular kind of statement should return the value ``-1``
+             for such statements.
+
+           * :attr:`_engine.CursorResult.rowcount` may not be meaningful
+             when executing a single statement with multiple parameter sets
+             (i.e. an :term:`executemany`). Most DBAPIs do not sum "rowcount"
+             values across multiple parameter sets and will return ``-1``
+             when accessed.
+
+           * SQLAlchemy's :ref:`engine_insertmanyvalues` feature does support
+             a correct population of :attr:`_engine.CursorResult.rowcount`
+             when the :paramref:`.Connection.execution_options.preserve_rowcount`
+             execution option is set to True.
+
+           * Statements that use RETURNING may not support rowcount, returning
+             a ``-1`` value instead.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`tutorial_update_delete_rowcount` - in the :ref:`unified_tutorial`
+
+            :paramref:`.Connection.execution_options.preserve_rowcount`
+
+        """  # noqa: E501
+        try:
+            return self.context.rowcount
+        except BaseException as e:
+            self.cursor_strategy.handle_exception(self, self.cursor, e)
+            raise  # not called
+
+    @property
+    def lastrowid(self) -> int:
+        """Return the 'lastrowid' accessor on the DBAPI cursor.
+
+        This is a DBAPI specific method and is only functional
+        for those backends which support it, for statements
+        where it is appropriate.  It's behavior is not
+        consistent across backends.
+
+        Usage of this method is normally unnecessary when
+        using insert() expression constructs; the
+        :attr:`~CursorResult.inserted_primary_key` attribute provides a
+        tuple of primary key values for a newly inserted row,
+        regardless of database backend.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            return self.context.get_lastrowid()
+        except BaseException as e:
+            self.cursor_strategy.handle_exception(self, self.cursor, e)
+
+    @property
+    def returns_rows(self) -> bool:
+        """True if this :class:`_engine.CursorResult` returns zero or more
+        rows.
+
+        I.e. if it is legal to call the methods
+        :meth:`_engine.CursorResult.fetchone`,
+        :meth:`_engine.CursorResult.fetchmany`
+        :meth:`_engine.CursorResult.fetchall`.
+
+        Overall, the value of :attr:`_engine.CursorResult.returns_rows` should
+        always be synonymous with whether or not the DBAPI cursor had a
+        ``.description`` attribute, indicating the presence of result columns,
+        noting that a cursor that returns zero rows still has a
+        ``.description`` if a row-returning statement was emitted.
+
+        This attribute should be True for all results that are against
+        SELECT statements, as well as for DML statements INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE
+        that use RETURNING.   For INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE statements that were
+        not using RETURNING, the value will usually be False, however
+        there are some dialect-specific exceptions to this, such as when
+        using the MSSQL / pyodbc dialect a SELECT is emitted inline in
+        order to retrieve an inserted primary key value.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :meth:`.Result.close`
+
+            :attr:`.Result.closed`
+
+        """
+        return self._metadata.returns_rows
+
+    @property
+    def is_insert(self) -> bool:
+        """True if this :class:`_engine.CursorResult` is the result
+        of a executing an expression language compiled
+        :func:`_expression.insert` construct.
+
+        When True, this implies that the
+        :attr:`inserted_primary_key` attribute is accessible,
+        assuming the statement did not include
+        a user defined "returning" construct.
+
+        """
+        return self.context.isinsert
+
+    def _fetchiter_impl(self) -> Iterator[Any]:
+        fetchone = self.cursor_strategy.fetchone
+
+        while True:
+            row = fetchone(self, self.cursor)
+            if row is None:
+                break
+            yield row
+
+    def _fetchone_impl(self, hard_close: bool = False) -> Any:
+        return self.cursor_strategy.fetchone(self, self.cursor, hard_close)
+
+    def _fetchall_impl(self) -> Any:
+        return self.cursor_strategy.fetchall(self, self.cursor)
+
+    def _fetchmany_impl(self, size: Optional[int] = None) -> Any:
+        return self.cursor_strategy.fetchmany(self, self.cursor, size)
+
+    def _raw_row_iterator(self) -> Any:
+        return self._fetchiter_impl()
+
+    def merge(self, *others: Result[Any]) -> MergedResult[Any]:
+        merged_result = super().merge(*others)
+        if self.context._has_rowcount:
+            merged_result.rowcount = sum(
+                cast("CursorResult[Any]", result).rowcount
+                for result in (self,) + others
+            )
+        return merged_result
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """Close this :class:`_engine.CursorResult`.
+
+        This closes out the underlying DBAPI cursor corresponding to the
+        statement execution, if one is still present.  Note that the DBAPI
+        cursor is automatically released when the :class:`_engine.CursorResult`
+        exhausts all available rows.  :meth:`_engine.CursorResult.close` is
+        generally an optional method except in the case when discarding a
+        :class:`_engine.CursorResult` that still has additional rows pending
+        for fetch.
+
+        After this method is called, it is no longer valid to call upon
+        the fetch methods, which will raise a :class:`.ResourceClosedError`
+        on subsequent use.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`connections_toplevel`
+
+        """
+        self._soft_close(hard=True)
+
+    @_generative
+    def yield_per(self, num: int) -> Self:
+        self._yield_per = num
+        self.cursor_strategy.yield_per(self, self.cursor, num)
+        return self
+
+
+ResultProxy = CursorResult

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2394 @@
+# engine/default.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs, allow-untyped-calls
+
+"""Default implementations of per-dialect sqlalchemy.engine classes.
+
+These are semi-private implementation classes which are only of importance
+to database dialect authors; dialects will usually use the classes here
+as the base class for their own corresponding classes.
+
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import functools
+import operator
+import random
+import re
+from time import perf_counter
+import typing
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import cast
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import List
+from typing import Mapping
+from typing import MutableMapping
+from typing import MutableSequence
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Sequence
+from typing import Set
+from typing import Tuple
+from typing import Type
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import Union
+import weakref
+
+from . import characteristics
+from . import cursor as _cursor
+from . import interfaces
+from .base import Connection
+from .interfaces import CacheStats
+from .interfaces import DBAPICursor
+from .interfaces import Dialect
+from .interfaces import ExecuteStyle
+from .interfaces import ExecutionContext
+from .reflection import ObjectKind
+from .reflection import ObjectScope
+from .. import event
+from .. import exc
+from .. import pool
+from .. import util
+from ..sql import compiler
+from ..sql import dml
+from ..sql import expression
+from ..sql import type_api
+from ..sql import util as sql_util
+from ..sql._typing import is_tuple_type
+from ..sql.base import _NoArg
+from ..sql.compiler import DDLCompiler
+from ..sql.compiler import InsertmanyvaluesSentinelOpts
+from ..sql.compiler import SQLCompiler
+from ..sql.elements import quoted_name
+from ..util.typing import Final
+from ..util.typing import Literal
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from types import ModuleType
+
+    from .base import Engine
+    from .cursor import ResultFetchStrategy
+    from .interfaces import _CoreMultiExecuteParams
+    from .interfaces import _CoreSingleExecuteParams
+    from .interfaces import _DBAPICursorDescription
+    from .interfaces import _DBAPIMultiExecuteParams
+    from .interfaces import _DBAPISingleExecuteParams
+    from .interfaces import _ExecuteOptions
+    from .interfaces import _MutableCoreSingleExecuteParams
+    from .interfaces import _ParamStyle
+    from .interfaces import ConnectArgsType
+    from .interfaces import DBAPIConnection
+    from .interfaces import DBAPIModule
+    from .interfaces import DBAPIType
+    from .interfaces import IsolationLevel
+    from .row import Row
+    from .url import URL
+    from ..event import _ListenerFnType
+    from ..pool import Pool
+    from ..pool import PoolProxiedConnection
+    from ..sql import Executable
+    from ..sql.compiler import Compiled
+    from ..sql.compiler import Linting
+    from ..sql.compiler import ResultColumnsEntry
+    from ..sql.dml import DMLState
+    from ..sql.dml import UpdateBase
+    from ..sql.elements import BindParameter
+    from ..sql.schema import Column
+    from ..sql.type_api import _BindProcessorType
+    from ..sql.type_api import _ResultProcessorType
+    from ..sql.type_api import TypeEngine
+
+
+# When we're handed literal SQL, ensure it's a SELECT query
+SERVER_SIDE_CURSOR_RE = re.compile(r"\s*SELECT", re.I | re.UNICODE)
+
+
+(
+    CACHE_HIT,
+    CACHE_MISS,
+    CACHING_DISABLED,
+    NO_CACHE_KEY,
+    NO_DIALECT_SUPPORT,
+) = list(CacheStats)
+
+
+class DefaultDialect(Dialect):
+    """Default implementation of Dialect"""
+
+    statement_compiler = compiler.SQLCompiler
+    ddl_compiler = compiler.DDLCompiler
+    type_compiler_cls = compiler.GenericTypeCompiler
+
+    preparer = compiler.IdentifierPreparer
+    supports_alter = True
+    supports_comments = False
+    supports_constraint_comments = False
+    inline_comments = False
+    supports_statement_cache = True
+
+    div_is_floordiv = True
+
+    bind_typing = interfaces.BindTyping.NONE
+
+    include_set_input_sizes: Optional[Set[Any]] = None
+    exclude_set_input_sizes: Optional[Set[Any]] = None
+
+    # the first value we'd get for an autoincrement column.
+    default_sequence_base = 1
+
+    # most DBAPIs happy with this for execute().
+    # not cx_oracle.
+    execute_sequence_format = tuple
+
+    supports_schemas = True
+    supports_views = True
+    supports_sequences = False
+    sequences_optional = False
+    preexecute_autoincrement_sequences = False
+    supports_identity_columns = False
+    postfetch_lastrowid = True
+    favor_returning_over_lastrowid = False
+    insert_null_pk_still_autoincrements = False
+    update_returning = False
+    delete_returning = False
+    update_returning_multifrom = False
+    delete_returning_multifrom = False
+    insert_returning = False
+
+    cte_follows_insert = False
+
+    supports_native_enum = False
+    supports_native_boolean = False
+    supports_native_uuid = False
+    returns_native_bytes = False
+
+    non_native_boolean_check_constraint = True
+
+    supports_simple_order_by_label = True
+
+    tuple_in_values = False
+
+    connection_characteristics = util.immutabledict(
+        {
+            "isolation_level": characteristics.IsolationLevelCharacteristic(),
+            "logging_token": characteristics.LoggingTokenCharacteristic(),
+        }
+    )
+
+    engine_config_types: Mapping[str, Any] = util.immutabledict(
+        {
+            "pool_timeout": util.asint,
+            "echo": util.bool_or_str("debug"),
+            "echo_pool": util.bool_or_str("debug"),
+            "pool_recycle": util.asint,
+            "pool_size": util.asint,
+            "max_overflow": util.asint,
+            "future": util.asbool,
+        }
+    )
+
+    # if the NUMERIC type
+    # returns decimal.Decimal.
+    # *not* the FLOAT type however.
+    supports_native_decimal = False
+
+    name = "default"
+
+    # length at which to truncate
+    # any identifier.
+    max_identifier_length = 9999
+    _user_defined_max_identifier_length: Optional[int] = None
+
+    isolation_level: Optional[str] = None
+
+    # sub-categories of max_identifier_length.
+    # currently these accommodate for MySQL which allows alias names
+    # of 255 but DDL names only of 64.
+    max_index_name_length: Optional[int] = None
+    max_constraint_name_length: Optional[int] = None
+
+    supports_sane_rowcount = True
+    supports_sane_multi_rowcount = True
+    colspecs: MutableMapping[Type[TypeEngine[Any]], Type[TypeEngine[Any]]] = {}
+    default_paramstyle = "named"
+
+    supports_default_values = False
+    """dialect supports INSERT... DEFAULT VALUES syntax"""
+
+    supports_default_metavalue = False
+    """dialect supports INSERT... VALUES (DEFAULT) syntax"""
+
+    default_metavalue_token = "DEFAULT"
+    """for INSERT... VALUES (DEFAULT) syntax, the token to put in the
+    parenthesis."""
+
+    # not sure if this is a real thing but the compiler will deliver it
+    # if this is the only flag enabled.
+    supports_empty_insert = True
+    """dialect supports INSERT () VALUES ()"""
+
+    supports_multivalues_insert = False
+
+    use_insertmanyvalues: bool = False
+
+    use_insertmanyvalues_wo_returning: bool = False
+
+    insertmanyvalues_implicit_sentinel: InsertmanyvaluesSentinelOpts = (
+        InsertmanyvaluesSentinelOpts.NOT_SUPPORTED
+    )
+
+    insertmanyvalues_page_size: int = 1000
+    insertmanyvalues_max_parameters = 32700
+
+    supports_is_distinct_from = True
+
+    supports_server_side_cursors = False
+
+    server_side_cursors = False
+
+    # extra record-level locking features (#4860)
+    supports_for_update_of = False
+
+    server_version_info = None
+
+    default_schema_name: Optional[str] = None
+
+    # indicates symbol names are
+    # UPPERCASED if they are case insensitive
+    # within the database.
+    # if this is True, the methods normalize_name()
+    # and denormalize_name() must be provided.
+    requires_name_normalize = False
+
+    is_async = False
+
+    has_terminate = False
+
+    # TODO: this is not to be part of 2.0.  implement rudimentary binary
+    # literals for SQLite, PostgreSQL, MySQL only within
+    # _Binary.literal_processor
+    _legacy_binary_type_literal_encoding = "utf-8"
+
+    @util.deprecated_params(
+        empty_in_strategy=(
+            "1.4",
+            "The :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.empty_in_strategy` keyword is "
+            "deprecated, and no longer has any effect.  All IN expressions "
+            "are now rendered using "
+            'the "expanding parameter" strategy which renders a set of bound'
+            'expressions, or an "empty set" SELECT, at statement execution'
+            "time.",
+        ),
+        server_side_cursors=(
+            "1.4",
+            "The :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.server_side_cursors` parameter "
+            "is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.  Please "
+            "use the "
+            ":paramref:`_engine.Connection.execution_options.stream_results` "
+            "parameter.",
+        ),
+    )
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        paramstyle: Optional[_ParamStyle] = None,
+        isolation_level: Optional[IsolationLevel] = None,
+        dbapi: Optional[ModuleType] = None,
+        implicit_returning: Literal[True] = True,
+        supports_native_boolean: Optional[bool] = None,
+        max_identifier_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        label_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        insertmanyvalues_page_size: Union[_NoArg, int] = _NoArg.NO_ARG,
+        use_insertmanyvalues: Optional[bool] = None,
+        # util.deprecated_params decorator cannot render the
+        # Linting.NO_LINTING constant
+        compiler_linting: Linting = int(compiler.NO_LINTING),  # type: ignore
+        server_side_cursors: bool = False,
+        skip_autocommit_rollback: bool = False,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ):
+        if server_side_cursors:
+            if not self.supports_server_side_cursors:
+                raise exc.ArgumentError(
+                    "Dialect %s does not support server side cursors" % self
+                )
+            else:
+                self.server_side_cursors = True
+
+        if getattr(self, "use_setinputsizes", False):
+            util.warn_deprecated(
+                "The dialect-level use_setinputsizes attribute is "
+                "deprecated.  Please use "
+                "bind_typing = BindTyping.SETINPUTSIZES",
+                "2.0",
+            )
+            self.bind_typing = interfaces.BindTyping.SETINPUTSIZES
+
+        self.positional = False
+        self._ischema = None
+
+        self.dbapi = dbapi
+
+        self.skip_autocommit_rollback = skip_autocommit_rollback
+
+        if paramstyle is not None:
+            self.paramstyle = paramstyle
+        elif self.dbapi is not None:
+            self.paramstyle = self.dbapi.paramstyle
+        else:
+            self.paramstyle = self.default_paramstyle
+        self.positional = self.paramstyle in (
+            "qmark",
+            "format",
+            "numeric",
+            "numeric_dollar",
+        )
+        self.identifier_preparer = self.preparer(self)
+        self._on_connect_isolation_level = isolation_level
+
+        legacy_tt_callable = getattr(self, "type_compiler", None)
+        if legacy_tt_callable is not None:
+            tt_callable = cast(
+                Type[compiler.GenericTypeCompiler],
+                self.type_compiler,
+            )
+        else:
+            tt_callable = self.type_compiler_cls
+
+        self.type_compiler_instance = self.type_compiler = tt_callable(self)
+
+        if supports_native_boolean is not None:
+            self.supports_native_boolean = supports_native_boolean
+
+        self._user_defined_max_identifier_length = max_identifier_length
+        if self._user_defined_max_identifier_length:
+            self.max_identifier_length = (
+                self._user_defined_max_identifier_length
+            )
+        self.label_length = label_length
+        self.compiler_linting = compiler_linting
+
+        if use_insertmanyvalues is not None:
+            self.use_insertmanyvalues = use_insertmanyvalues
+
+        if insertmanyvalues_page_size is not _NoArg.NO_ARG:
+            self.insertmanyvalues_page_size = insertmanyvalues_page_size
+
+    @property
+    @util.deprecated(
+        "2.0",
+        "full_returning is deprecated, please use insert_returning, "
+        "update_returning, delete_returning",
+    )
+    def full_returning(self):
+        return (
+            self.insert_returning
+            and self.update_returning
+            and self.delete_returning
+        )
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def insert_executemany_returning(self):
+        """Default implementation for insert_executemany_returning, if not
+        otherwise overridden by the specific dialect.
+
+        The default dialect determines "insert_executemany_returning" is
+        available if the dialect in use has opted into using the
+        "use_insertmanyvalues" feature. If they haven't opted into that, then
+        this attribute is False, unless the dialect in question overrides this
+        and provides some other implementation (such as the Oracle Database
+        dialects).
+
+        """
+        return self.insert_returning and self.use_insertmanyvalues
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def insert_executemany_returning_sort_by_parameter_order(self):
+        """Default implementation for
+        insert_executemany_returning_deterministic_order, if not otherwise
+        overridden by the specific dialect.
+
+        The default dialect determines "insert_executemany_returning" can have
+        deterministic order only if the dialect in use has opted into using the
+        "use_insertmanyvalues" feature, which implements deterministic ordering
+        using client side sentinel columns only by default.  The
+        "insertmanyvalues" feature also features alternate forms that can
+        use server-generated PK values as "sentinels", but those are only
+        used if the :attr:`.Dialect.insertmanyvalues_implicit_sentinel`
+        bitflag enables those alternate SQL forms, which are disabled
+        by default.
+
+        If the dialect in use hasn't opted into that, then this attribute is
+        False, unless the dialect in question overrides this and provides some
+        other implementation (such as the Oracle Database dialects).
+
+        """
+        return self.insert_returning and self.use_insertmanyvalues
+
+    update_executemany_returning = False
+    delete_executemany_returning = False
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def loaded_dbapi(self) -> DBAPIModule:
+        if self.dbapi is None:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                f"Dialect {self} does not have a Python DBAPI established "
+                "and cannot be used for actual database interaction"
+            )
+        return self.dbapi
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def _bind_typing_render_casts(self):
+        return self.bind_typing is interfaces.BindTyping.RENDER_CASTS
+
+    def _ensure_has_table_connection(self, arg: Connection) -> None:
+        if not isinstance(arg, Connection):
+            raise exc.ArgumentError(
+                "The argument passed to Dialect.has_table() should be a "
+                "%s, got %s. "
+                "Additionally, the Dialect.has_table() method is for "
+                "internal dialect "
+                "use only; please use "
+                "``inspect(some_engine).has_table(<tablename>>)`` "
+                "for public API use." % (Connection, type(arg))
+            )
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def _supports_statement_cache(self):
+        ssc = self.__class__.__dict__.get("supports_statement_cache", None)
+        if ssc is None:
+            util.warn(
+                "Dialect %s:%s will not make use of SQL compilation caching "
+                "as it does not set the 'supports_statement_cache' attribute "
+                "to ``True``.  This can have "
+                "significant performance implications including some "
+                "performance degradations in comparison to prior SQLAlchemy "
+                "versions.  Dialect maintainers should seek to set this "
+                "attribute to True after appropriate development and testing "
+                "for SQLAlchemy 1.4 caching support.   Alternatively, this "
+                "attribute may be set to False which will disable this "
+                "warning." % (self.name, self.driver),
+                code="cprf",
+            )
+
+        return bool(ssc)
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def _type_memos(self):
+        return weakref.WeakKeyDictionary()
+
+    @property
+    def dialect_description(self):  # type: ignore[override]
+        return self.name + "+" + self.driver
+
+    @property
+    def supports_sane_rowcount_returning(self):
+        """True if this dialect supports sane rowcount even if RETURNING is
+        in use.
+
+        For dialects that don't support RETURNING, this is synonymous with
+        ``supports_sane_rowcount``.
+
+        """
+        return self.supports_sane_rowcount
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_pool_class(cls, url: URL) -> Type[Pool]:
+        return getattr(cls, "poolclass", pool.QueuePool)
+
+    def get_dialect_pool_class(self, url: URL) -> Type[Pool]:
+        return self.get_pool_class(url)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def load_provisioning(cls):
+        package = ".".join(cls.__module__.split(".")[0:-1])
+        try:
+            __import__(package + ".provision")
+        except ImportError:
+            pass
+
+    def _builtin_onconnect(self) -> Optional[_ListenerFnType]:
+        if self._on_connect_isolation_level is not None:
+
+            def builtin_connect(dbapi_conn, conn_rec):
+                self._assert_and_set_isolation_level(
+                    dbapi_conn, self._on_connect_isolation_level
+                )
+
+            return builtin_connect
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def initialize(self, connection: Connection) -> None:
+        try:
+            self.server_version_info = self._get_server_version_info(
+                connection
+            )
+        except NotImplementedError:
+            self.server_version_info = None
+        try:
+            self.default_schema_name = self._get_default_schema_name(
+                connection
+            )
+        except NotImplementedError:
+            self.default_schema_name = None
+
+        try:
+            self.default_isolation_level = self.get_default_isolation_level(
+                connection.connection.dbapi_connection
+            )
+        except NotImplementedError:
+            self.default_isolation_level = None
+
+        if not self._user_defined_max_identifier_length:
+            max_ident_length = self._check_max_identifier_length(connection)
+            if max_ident_length:
+                self.max_identifier_length = max_ident_length
+
+        if (
+            self.label_length
+            and self.label_length > self.max_identifier_length
+        ):
+            raise exc.ArgumentError(
+                "Label length of %d is greater than this dialect's"
+                " maximum identifier length of %d"
+                % (self.label_length, self.max_identifier_length)
+            )
+
+    def on_connect(self) -> Optional[Callable[[Any], None]]:
+        # inherits the docstring from interfaces.Dialect.on_connect
+        return None
+
+    def _check_max_identifier_length(self, connection):
+        """Perform a connection / server version specific check to determine
+        the max_identifier_length.
+
+        If the dialect's class level max_identifier_length should be used,
+        can return None.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.3.9
+
+        """
+        return None
+
+    def get_default_isolation_level(self, dbapi_conn):
+        """Given a DBAPI connection, return its isolation level, or
+        a default isolation level if one cannot be retrieved.
+
+        May be overridden by subclasses in order to provide a
+        "fallback" isolation level for databases that cannot reliably
+        retrieve the actual isolation level.
+
+        By default, calls the :meth:`_engine.Interfaces.get_isolation_level`
+        method, propagating any exceptions raised.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.3.22
+
+        """
+        return self.get_isolation_level(dbapi_conn)
+
+    def type_descriptor(self, typeobj):
+        """Provide a database-specific :class:`.TypeEngine` object, given
+        the generic object which comes from the types module.
+
+        This method looks for a dictionary called
+        ``colspecs`` as a class or instance-level variable,
+        and passes on to :func:`_types.adapt_type`.
+
+        """
+        return type_api.adapt_type(typeobj, self.colspecs)
+
+    def has_index(self, connection, table_name, index_name, schema=None, **kw):
+        if not self.has_table(connection, table_name, schema=schema, **kw):
+            return False
+        for idx in self.get_indexes(
+            connection, table_name, schema=schema, **kw
+        ):
+            if idx["name"] == index_name:
+                return True
+        else:
+            return False
+
+    def has_schema(
+        self, connection: Connection, schema_name: str, **kw: Any
+    ) -> bool:
+        return schema_name in self.get_schema_names(connection, **kw)
+
+    def validate_identifier(self, ident: str) -> None:
+        if len(ident) > self.max_identifier_length:
+            raise exc.IdentifierError(
+                "Identifier '%s' exceeds maximum length of %d characters"
+                % (ident, self.max_identifier_length)
+            )
+
+    def connect(self, *cargs: Any, **cparams: Any) -> DBAPIConnection:
+        # inherits the docstring from interfaces.Dialect.connect
+        return self.loaded_dbapi.connect(*cargs, **cparams)  # type: ignore[no-any-return]  # NOQA: E501
+
+    def create_connect_args(self, url: URL) -> ConnectArgsType:
+        # inherits the docstring from interfaces.Dialect.create_connect_args
+        opts = url.translate_connect_args()
+        opts.update(url.query)
+        return ([], opts)
+
+    def set_engine_execution_options(
+        self, engine: Engine, opts: Mapping[str, Any]
+    ) -> None:
+        supported_names = set(self.connection_characteristics).intersection(
+            opts
+        )
+        if supported_names:
+            characteristics: Mapping[str, Any] = util.immutabledict(
+                (name, opts[name]) for name in supported_names
+            )
+
+            @event.listens_for(engine, "engine_connect")
+            def set_connection_characteristics(connection):
+                self._set_connection_characteristics(
+                    connection, characteristics
+                )
+
+    def set_connection_execution_options(
+        self, connection: Connection, opts: Mapping[str, Any]
+    ) -> None:
+        supported_names = set(self.connection_characteristics).intersection(
+            opts
+        )
+        if supported_names:
+            characteristics: Mapping[str, Any] = util.immutabledict(
+                (name, opts[name]) for name in supported_names
+            )
+            self._set_connection_characteristics(connection, characteristics)
+
+    def _set_connection_characteristics(self, connection, characteristics):
+        characteristic_values = [
+            (name, self.connection_characteristics[name], value)
+            for name, value in characteristics.items()
+        ]
+
+        if connection.in_transaction():
+            trans_objs = [
+                (name, obj)
+                for name, obj, _ in characteristic_values
+                if obj.transactional
+            ]
+            if trans_objs:
+                raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                    "This connection has already initialized a SQLAlchemy "
+                    "Transaction() object via begin() or autobegin; "
+                    "%s may not be altered unless rollback() or commit() "
+                    "is called first."
+                    % (", ".join(name for name, obj in trans_objs))
+                )
+
+        dbapi_connection = connection.connection.dbapi_connection
+        for _, characteristic, value in characteristic_values:
+            characteristic.set_connection_characteristic(
+                self, connection, dbapi_connection, value
+            )
+        connection.connection._connection_record.finalize_callback.append(
+            functools.partial(self._reset_characteristics, characteristics)
+        )
+
+    def _reset_characteristics(self, characteristics, dbapi_connection):
+        for characteristic_name in characteristics:
+            characteristic = self.connection_characteristics[
+                characteristic_name
+            ]
+            characteristic.reset_characteristic(self, dbapi_connection)
+
+    def do_begin(self, dbapi_connection):
+        pass
+
+    def do_rollback(self, dbapi_connection):
+        if self.skip_autocommit_rollback and self.detect_autocommit_setting(
+            dbapi_connection
+        ):
+            return
+        dbapi_connection.rollback()
+
+    def do_commit(self, dbapi_connection):
+        dbapi_connection.commit()
+
+    def do_terminate(self, dbapi_connection):
+        self.do_close(dbapi_connection)
+
+    def do_close(self, dbapi_connection):
+        dbapi_connection.close()
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def _dialect_specific_select_one(self):
+        return str(expression.select(1).compile(dialect=self))
+
+    def _do_ping_w_event(self, dbapi_connection: DBAPIConnection) -> bool:
+        try:
+            return self.do_ping(dbapi_connection)
+        except self.loaded_dbapi.Error as err:
+            is_disconnect = self.is_disconnect(err, dbapi_connection, None)
+
+            if self._has_events:
+                try:
+                    Connection._handle_dbapi_exception_noconnection(
+                        err,
+                        self,
+                        is_disconnect=is_disconnect,
+                        invalidate_pool_on_disconnect=False,
+                        is_pre_ping=True,
+                    )
+                except exc.StatementError as new_err:
+                    is_disconnect = new_err.connection_invalidated
+
+            if is_disconnect:
+                return False
+            else:
+                raise
+
+    def do_ping(self, dbapi_connection: DBAPIConnection) -> bool:
+        cursor = dbapi_connection.cursor()
+        try:
+            cursor.execute(self._dialect_specific_select_one)
+        finally:
+            cursor.close()
+        return True
+
+    def create_xid(self):
+        """Create a random two-phase transaction ID.
+
+        This id will be passed to do_begin_twophase(), do_rollback_twophase(),
+        do_commit_twophase().  Its format is unspecified.
+        """
+
+        return "_sa_%032x" % random.randint(0, 2**128)
+
+    def do_savepoint(self, connection, name):
+        connection.execute(expression.SavepointClause(name))
+
+    def do_rollback_to_savepoint(self, connection, name):
+        connection.execute(expression.RollbackToSavepointClause(name))
+
+    def do_release_savepoint(self, connection, name):
+        connection.execute(expression.ReleaseSavepointClause(name))
+
+    def _deliver_insertmanyvalues_batches(
+        self,
+        connection,
+        cursor,
+        statement,
+        parameters,
+        generic_setinputsizes,
+        context,
+    ):
+        context = cast(DefaultExecutionContext, context)
+        compiled = cast(SQLCompiler, context.compiled)
+
+        _composite_sentinel_proc: Sequence[
+            Optional[_ResultProcessorType[Any]]
+        ] = ()
+        _scalar_sentinel_proc: Optional[_ResultProcessorType[Any]] = None
+        _sentinel_proc_initialized: bool = False
+
+        compiled_parameters = context.compiled_parameters
+
+        imv = compiled._insertmanyvalues
+        assert imv is not None
+
+        is_returning: Final[bool] = bool(compiled.effective_returning)
+        batch_size = context.execution_options.get(
+            "insertmanyvalues_page_size", self.insertmanyvalues_page_size
+        )
+
+        if compiled.schema_translate_map:
+            schema_translate_map = context.execution_options.get(
+                "schema_translate_map", {}
+            )
+        else:
+            schema_translate_map = None
+
+        if is_returning:
+            result: Optional[List[Any]] = []
+            context._insertmanyvalues_rows = result
+
+            sort_by_parameter_order = imv.sort_by_parameter_order
+
+        else:
+            sort_by_parameter_order = False
+            result = None
+
+        for imv_batch in compiled._deliver_insertmanyvalues_batches(
+            statement,
+            parameters,
+            compiled_parameters,
+            generic_setinputsizes,
+            batch_size,
+            sort_by_parameter_order,
+            schema_translate_map,
+        ):
+            yield imv_batch
+
+            if is_returning:
+
+                try:
+                    rows = context.fetchall_for_returning(cursor)
+                except BaseException as be:
+                    connection._handle_dbapi_exception(
+                        be,
+                        sql_util._long_statement(imv_batch.replaced_statement),
+                        imv_batch.replaced_parameters,
+                        None,
+                        context,
+                        is_sub_exec=True,
+                    )
+
+                # I would have thought "is_returning: Final[bool]"
+                # would have assured this but pylance thinks not
+                assert result is not None
+
+                if imv.num_sentinel_columns and not imv_batch.is_downgraded:
+                    composite_sentinel = imv.num_sentinel_columns > 1
+                    if imv.implicit_sentinel:
+                        # for implicit sentinel, which is currently single-col
+                        # integer autoincrement, do a simple sort.
+                        assert not composite_sentinel
+                        result.extend(
+                            sorted(rows, key=operator.itemgetter(-1))
+                        )
+                        continue
+
+                    # otherwise, create dictionaries to match up batches
+                    # with parameters
+                    assert imv.sentinel_param_keys
+                    assert imv.sentinel_columns
+
+                    _nsc = imv.num_sentinel_columns
+
+                    if not _sentinel_proc_initialized:
+                        if composite_sentinel:
+                            _composite_sentinel_proc = [
+                                col.type._cached_result_processor(
+                                    self, cursor_desc[1]
+                                )
+                                for col, cursor_desc in zip(
+                                    imv.sentinel_columns,
+                                    cursor.description[-_nsc:],
+                                )
+                            ]
+                        else:
+                            _scalar_sentinel_proc = (
+                                imv.sentinel_columns[0]
+                            ).type._cached_result_processor(
+                                self, cursor.description[-1][1]
+                            )
+                        _sentinel_proc_initialized = True
+
+                    rows_by_sentinel: Union[
+                        Dict[Tuple[Any, ...], Any],
+                        Dict[Any, Any],
+                    ]
+                    if composite_sentinel:
+                        rows_by_sentinel = {
+                            tuple(
+                                (proc(val) if proc else val)
+                                for val, proc in zip(
+                                    row[-_nsc:], _composite_sentinel_proc
+                                )
+                            ): row
+                            for row in rows
+                        }
+                    elif _scalar_sentinel_proc:
+                        rows_by_sentinel = {
+                            _scalar_sentinel_proc(row[-1]): row for row in rows
+                        }
+                    else:
+                        rows_by_sentinel = {row[-1]: row for row in rows}
+
+                    if len(rows_by_sentinel) != len(imv_batch.batch):
+                        # see test_insert_exec.py::
+                        # IMVSentinelTest::test_sentinel_incorrect_rowcount
+                        # for coverage / demonstration
+                        raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                            f"Sentinel-keyed result set did not produce "
+                            f"correct number of rows {len(imv_batch.batch)}; "
+                            "produced "
+                            f"{len(rows_by_sentinel)}.  Please ensure the "
+                            "sentinel column is fully unique and populated in "
+                            "all cases."
+                        )
+
+                    try:
+                        ordered_rows = [
+                            rows_by_sentinel[sentinel_keys]
+                            for sentinel_keys in imv_batch.sentinel_values
+                        ]
+                    except KeyError as ke:
+                        # see test_insert_exec.py::
+                        # IMVSentinelTest::test_sentinel_cant_match_keys
+                        # for coverage / demonstration
+                        raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                            f"Can't match sentinel values in result set to "
+                            f"parameter sets; key {ke.args[0]!r} was not "
+                            "found. "
+                            "There may be a mismatch between the datatype "
+                            "passed to the DBAPI driver vs. that which it "
+                            "returns in a result row.  Ensure the given "
+                            "Python value matches the expected result type "
+                            "*exactly*, taking care to not rely upon implicit "
+                            "conversions which may occur such as when using "
+                            "strings in place of UUID or integer values, etc. "
+                        ) from ke
+
+                    result.extend(ordered_rows)
+
+                else:
+                    result.extend(rows)
+
+    def do_executemany(self, cursor, statement, parameters, context=None):
+        cursor.executemany(statement, parameters)
+
+    def do_execute(self, cursor, statement, parameters, context=None):
+        cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
+
+    def do_execute_no_params(self, cursor, statement, context=None):
+        cursor.execute(statement)
+
+    def is_disconnect(
+        self,
+        e: DBAPIModule.Error,
+        connection: Union[
+            pool.PoolProxiedConnection, interfaces.DBAPIConnection, None
+        ],
+        cursor: Optional[interfaces.DBAPICursor],
+    ) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    @util.memoized_instancemethod
+    def _gen_allowed_isolation_levels(self, dbapi_conn):
+        try:
+            raw_levels = list(self.get_isolation_level_values(dbapi_conn))
+        except NotImplementedError:
+            return None
+        else:
+            normalized_levels = [
+                level.replace("_", " ").upper() for level in raw_levels
+            ]
+            if raw_levels != normalized_levels:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Dialect {self.name!r} get_isolation_level_values() "
+                    f"method should return names as UPPERCASE using spaces, "
+                    f"not underscores; got "
+                    f"{sorted(set(raw_levels).difference(normalized_levels))}"
+                )
+            return tuple(normalized_levels)
+
+    def _assert_and_set_isolation_level(self, dbapi_conn, level):
+        level = level.replace("_", " ").upper()
+
+        _allowed_isolation_levels = self._gen_allowed_isolation_levels(
+            dbapi_conn
+        )
+        if (
+            _allowed_isolation_levels
+            and level not in _allowed_isolation_levels
+        ):
+            raise exc.ArgumentError(
+                f"Invalid value {level!r} for isolation_level. "
+                f"Valid isolation levels for {self.name!r} are "
+                f"{', '.join(_allowed_isolation_levels)}"
+            )
+
+        self.set_isolation_level(dbapi_conn, level)
+
+    def reset_isolation_level(self, dbapi_conn):
+        if self._on_connect_isolation_level is not None:
+            assert (
+                self._on_connect_isolation_level == "AUTOCOMMIT"
+                or self._on_connect_isolation_level
+                == self.default_isolation_level
+            )
+            self._assert_and_set_isolation_level(
+                dbapi_conn, self._on_connect_isolation_level
+            )
+        else:
+            assert self.default_isolation_level is not None
+            self._assert_and_set_isolation_level(
+                dbapi_conn,
+                self.default_isolation_level,
+            )
+
+    def normalize_name(self, name):
+        if name is None:
+            return None
+
+        name_lower = name.lower()
+        name_upper = name.upper()
+
+        if name_upper == name_lower:
+            # name has no upper/lower conversion, e.g. non-european characters.
+            # return unchanged
+            return name
+        elif name_upper == name and not (
+            self.identifier_preparer._requires_quotes
+        )(name_lower):
+            # name is all uppercase and doesn't require quoting; normalize
+            # to all lower case
+            return name_lower
+        elif name_lower == name:
+            # name is all lower case, which if denormalized means we need to
+            # force quoting on it
+            return quoted_name(name, quote=True)
+        else:
+            # name is mixed case, means it will be quoted in SQL when used
+            # later, no normalizes
+            return name
+
+    def denormalize_name(self, name):
+        if name is None:
+            return None
+
+        name_lower = name.lower()
+        name_upper = name.upper()
+
+        if name_upper == name_lower:
+            # name has no upper/lower conversion, e.g. non-european characters.
+            # return unchanged
+            return name
+        elif name_lower == name and not (
+            self.identifier_preparer._requires_quotes
+        )(name_lower):
+            name = name_upper
+        return name
+
+    def get_driver_connection(self, connection: DBAPIConnection) -> Any:
+        return connection
+
+    def _overrides_default(self, method):
+        return (
+            getattr(type(self), method).__code__
+            is not getattr(DefaultDialect, method).__code__
+        )
+
+    def _default_multi_reflect(
+        self,
+        single_tbl_method,
+        connection,
+        kind,
+        schema,
+        filter_names,
+        scope,
+        **kw,
+    ):
+        names_fns = []
+        temp_names_fns = []
+        if ObjectKind.TABLE in kind:
+            names_fns.append(self.get_table_names)
+            temp_names_fns.append(self.get_temp_table_names)
+        if ObjectKind.VIEW in kind:
+            names_fns.append(self.get_view_names)
+            temp_names_fns.append(self.get_temp_view_names)
+        if ObjectKind.MATERIALIZED_VIEW in kind:
+            names_fns.append(self.get_materialized_view_names)
+            # no temp materialized view at the moment
+            # temp_names_fns.append(self.get_temp_materialized_view_names)
+
+        unreflectable = kw.pop("unreflectable", {})
+
+        if (
+            filter_names
+            and scope is ObjectScope.ANY
+            and kind is ObjectKind.ANY
+        ):
+            # if names are given and no qualification on type of table
+            # (i.e. the Table(..., autoload) case), take the names as given,
+            # don't run names queries. If a table does not exit
+            # NoSuchTableError is raised and it's skipped
+
+            # this also suits the case for mssql where we can reflect
+            # individual temp tables but there's no temp_names_fn
+            names = filter_names
+        else:
+            names = []
+            name_kw = {"schema": schema, **kw}
+            fns = []
+            if ObjectScope.DEFAULT in scope:
+                fns.extend(names_fns)
+            if ObjectScope.TEMPORARY in scope:
+                fns.extend(temp_names_fns)
+
+            for fn in fns:
+                try:
+                    names.extend(fn(connection, **name_kw))
+                except NotImplementedError:
+                    pass
+
+        if filter_names:
+            filter_names = set(filter_names)
+
+        # iterate over all the tables/views and call the single table method
+        for table in names:
+            if not filter_names or table in filter_names:
+                key = (schema, table)
+                try:
+                    yield (
+                        key,
+                        single_tbl_method(
+                            connection, table, schema=schema, **kw
+                        ),
+                    )
+                except exc.UnreflectableTableError as err:
+                    if key not in unreflectable:
+                        unreflectable[key] = err
+                except exc.NoSuchTableError:
+                    pass
+
+    def get_multi_table_options(self, connection, **kw):
+        return self._default_multi_reflect(
+            self.get_table_options, connection, **kw
+        )
+
+    def get_multi_columns(self, connection, **kw):
+        return self._default_multi_reflect(self.get_columns, connection, **kw)
+
+    def get_multi_pk_constraint(self, connection, **kw):
+        return self._default_multi_reflect(
+            self.get_pk_constraint, connection, **kw
+        )
+
+    def get_multi_foreign_keys(self, connection, **kw):
+        return self._default_multi_reflect(
+            self.get_foreign_keys, connection, **kw
+        )
+
+    def get_multi_indexes(self, connection, **kw):
+        return self._default_multi_reflect(self.get_indexes, connection, **kw)
+
+    def get_multi_unique_constraints(self, connection, **kw):
+        return self._default_multi_reflect(
+            self.get_unique_constraints, connection, **kw
+        )
+
+    def get_multi_check_constraints(self, connection, **kw):
+        return self._default_multi_reflect(
+            self.get_check_constraints, connection, **kw
+        )
+
+    def get_multi_table_comment(self, connection, **kw):
+        return self._default_multi_reflect(
+            self.get_table_comment, connection, **kw
+        )
+
+
+class StrCompileDialect(DefaultDialect):
+    statement_compiler = compiler.StrSQLCompiler
+    ddl_compiler = compiler.DDLCompiler
+    type_compiler_cls = compiler.StrSQLTypeCompiler
+    preparer = compiler.IdentifierPreparer
+
+    insert_returning = True
+    update_returning = True
+    delete_returning = True
+
+    supports_statement_cache = True
+
+    supports_identity_columns = True
+
+    supports_sequences = True
+    sequences_optional = True
+    preexecute_autoincrement_sequences = False
+
+    supports_native_boolean = True
+
+    supports_multivalues_insert = True
+    supports_simple_order_by_label = True
+
+
+class DefaultExecutionContext(ExecutionContext):
+    isinsert = False
+    isupdate = False
+    isdelete = False
+    is_crud = False
+    is_text = False
+    isddl = False
+
+    execute_style: ExecuteStyle = ExecuteStyle.EXECUTE
+
+    compiled: Optional[Compiled] = None
+    result_column_struct: Optional[
+        Tuple[List[ResultColumnsEntry], bool, bool, bool, bool]
+    ] = None
+    returned_default_rows: Optional[Sequence[Row[Any]]] = None
+
+    execution_options: _ExecuteOptions = util.EMPTY_DICT
+
+    cursor_fetch_strategy = _cursor._DEFAULT_FETCH
+
+    invoked_statement: Optional[Executable] = None
+
+    _is_implicit_returning = False
+    _is_explicit_returning = False
+    _is_supplemental_returning = False
+    _is_server_side = False
+
+    _soft_closed = False
+
+    _rowcount: Optional[int] = None
+
+    # a hook for SQLite's translation of
+    # result column names
+    # NOTE: pyhive is using this hook, can't remove it :(
+    _translate_colname: Optional[
+        Callable[[str], Tuple[str, Optional[str]]]
+    ] = None
+
+    _expanded_parameters: Mapping[str, List[str]] = util.immutabledict()
+    """used by set_input_sizes().
+
+    This collection comes from ``ExpandedState.parameter_expansion``.
+
+    """
+
+    cache_hit = NO_CACHE_KEY
+
+    root_connection: Connection
+    _dbapi_connection: PoolProxiedConnection
+    dialect: Dialect
+    unicode_statement: str
+    cursor: DBAPICursor
+    compiled_parameters: List[_MutableCoreSingleExecuteParams]
+    parameters: _DBAPIMultiExecuteParams
+    extracted_parameters: Optional[Sequence[BindParameter[Any]]]
+
+    _empty_dict_params = cast("Mapping[str, Any]", util.EMPTY_DICT)
+
+    _insertmanyvalues_rows: Optional[List[Tuple[Any, ...]]] = None
+    _num_sentinel_cols: int = 0
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _init_ddl(
+        cls,
+        dialect: Dialect,
+        connection: Connection,
+        dbapi_connection: PoolProxiedConnection,
+        execution_options: _ExecuteOptions,
+        compiled_ddl: DDLCompiler,
+    ) -> ExecutionContext:
+        """Initialize execution context for an ExecutableDDLElement
+        construct."""
+
+        self = cls.__new__(cls)
+        self.root_connection = connection
+        self._dbapi_connection = dbapi_connection
+        self.dialect = connection.dialect
+
+        self.compiled = compiled = compiled_ddl
+        self.isddl = True
+
+        self.execution_options = execution_options
+
+        self.unicode_statement = str(compiled)
+        if compiled.schema_translate_map:
+            schema_translate_map = self.execution_options.get(
+                "schema_translate_map", {}
+            )
+
+            rst = compiled.preparer._render_schema_translates
+            self.unicode_statement = rst(
+                self.unicode_statement, schema_translate_map
+            )
+
+        self.statement = self.unicode_statement
+
+        self.cursor = self.create_cursor()
+        self.compiled_parameters = []
+
+        if dialect.positional:
+            self.parameters = [dialect.execute_sequence_format()]
+        else:
+            self.parameters = [self._empty_dict_params]
+
+        return self
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _init_compiled(
+        cls,
+        dialect: Dialect,
+        connection: Connection,
+        dbapi_connection: PoolProxiedConnection,
+        execution_options: _ExecuteOptions,
+        compiled: SQLCompiler,
+        parameters: _CoreMultiExecuteParams,
+        invoked_statement: Executable,
+        extracted_parameters: Optional[Sequence[BindParameter[Any]]],
+        cache_hit: CacheStats = CacheStats.CACHING_DISABLED,
+    ) -> ExecutionContext:
+        """Initialize execution context for a Compiled construct."""
+
+        self = cls.__new__(cls)
+        self.root_connection = connection
+        self._dbapi_connection = dbapi_connection
+        self.dialect = connection.dialect
+        self.extracted_parameters = extracted_parameters
+        self.invoked_statement = invoked_statement
+        self.compiled = compiled
+        self.cache_hit = cache_hit
+
+        self.execution_options = execution_options
+
+        self.result_column_struct = (
+            compiled._result_columns,
+            compiled._ordered_columns,
+            compiled._textual_ordered_columns,
+            compiled._ad_hoc_textual,
+            compiled._loose_column_name_matching,
+        )
+
+        self.isinsert = ii = compiled.isinsert
+        self.isupdate = iu = compiled.isupdate
+        self.isdelete = id_ = compiled.isdelete
+        self.is_text = compiled.isplaintext
+
+        if ii or iu or id_:
+            dml_statement = compiled.compile_state.statement  # type: ignore
+            if TYPE_CHECKING:
+                assert isinstance(dml_statement, UpdateBase)
+            self.is_crud = True
+            self._is_explicit_returning = ier = bool(dml_statement._returning)
+            self._is_implicit_returning = iir = bool(
+                compiled.implicit_returning
+            )
+            if iir and dml_statement._supplemental_returning:
+                self._is_supplemental_returning = True
+
+            # dont mix implicit and explicit returning
+            assert not (iir and ier)
+
+            if (ier or iir) and compiled.for_executemany:
+                if ii and not self.dialect.insert_executemany_returning:
+                    raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                        f"Dialect {self.dialect.dialect_description} with "
+                        f"current server capabilities does not support "
+                        "INSERT..RETURNING when executemany is used"
+                    )
+                elif (
+                    ii
+                    and dml_statement._sort_by_parameter_order
+                    and not self.dialect.insert_executemany_returning_sort_by_parameter_order  # noqa: E501
+                ):
+                    raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                        f"Dialect {self.dialect.dialect_description} with "
+                        f"current server capabilities does not support "
+                        "INSERT..RETURNING with deterministic row ordering "
+                        "when executemany is used"
+                    )
+                elif (
+                    ii
+                    and self.dialect.use_insertmanyvalues
+                    and not compiled._insertmanyvalues
+                ):
+                    raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                        'Statement does not have "insertmanyvalues" '
+                        "enabled, can't use INSERT..RETURNING with "
+                        "executemany in this case."
+                    )
+                elif iu and not self.dialect.update_executemany_returning:
+                    raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                        f"Dialect {self.dialect.dialect_description} with "
+                        f"current server capabilities does not support "
+                        "UPDATE..RETURNING when executemany is used"
+                    )
+                elif id_ and not self.dialect.delete_executemany_returning:
+                    raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                        f"Dialect {self.dialect.dialect_description} with "
+                        f"current server capabilities does not support "
+                        "DELETE..RETURNING when executemany is used"
+                    )
+
+        if not parameters:
+            self.compiled_parameters = [
+                compiled.construct_params(
+                    extracted_parameters=extracted_parameters,
+                    escape_names=False,
+                )
+            ]
+        else:
+            self.compiled_parameters = [
+                compiled.construct_params(
+                    m,
+                    escape_names=False,
+                    _group_number=grp,
+                    extracted_parameters=extracted_parameters,
+                )
+                for grp, m in enumerate(parameters)
+            ]
+
+            if len(parameters) > 1:
+                if self.isinsert and compiled._insertmanyvalues:
+                    self.execute_style = ExecuteStyle.INSERTMANYVALUES
+
+                    imv = compiled._insertmanyvalues
+                    if imv.sentinel_columns is not None:
+                        self._num_sentinel_cols = imv.num_sentinel_columns
+                else:
+                    self.execute_style = ExecuteStyle.EXECUTEMANY
+
+        self.unicode_statement = compiled.string
+
+        self.cursor = self.create_cursor()
+
+        if self.compiled.insert_prefetch or self.compiled.update_prefetch:
+            self._process_execute_defaults()
+
+        processors = compiled._bind_processors
+
+        flattened_processors: Mapping[
+            str, _BindProcessorType[Any]
+        ] = processors  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+        if compiled.literal_execute_params or compiled.post_compile_params:
+            if self.executemany:
+                raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                    "'literal_execute' or 'expanding' parameters can't be "
+                    "used with executemany()"
+                )
+
+            expanded_state = compiled._process_parameters_for_postcompile(
+                self.compiled_parameters[0]
+            )
+
+            # re-assign self.unicode_statement
+            self.unicode_statement = expanded_state.statement
+
+            self._expanded_parameters = expanded_state.parameter_expansion
+
+            flattened_processors = dict(processors)  # type: ignore
+            flattened_processors.update(expanded_state.processors)
+            positiontup = expanded_state.positiontup
+        elif compiled.positional:
+            positiontup = self.compiled.positiontup
+        else:
+            positiontup = None
+
+        if compiled.schema_translate_map:
+            schema_translate_map = self.execution_options.get(
+                "schema_translate_map", {}
+            )
+            rst = compiled.preparer._render_schema_translates
+            self.unicode_statement = rst(
+                self.unicode_statement, schema_translate_map
+            )
+
+        # final self.unicode_statement is now assigned, encode if needed
+        # by dialect
+        self.statement = self.unicode_statement
+
+        # Convert the dictionary of bind parameter values
+        # into a dict or list to be sent to the DBAPI's
+        # execute() or executemany() method.
+
+        if compiled.positional:
+            core_positional_parameters: MutableSequence[Sequence[Any]] = []
+            assert positiontup is not None
+            for compiled_params in self.compiled_parameters:
+                l_param: List[Any] = [
+                    (
+                        flattened_processors[key](compiled_params[key])
+                        if key in flattened_processors
+                        else compiled_params[key]
+                    )
+                    for key in positiontup
+                ]
+                core_positional_parameters.append(
+                    dialect.execute_sequence_format(l_param)
+                )
+
+            self.parameters = core_positional_parameters
+        else:
+            core_dict_parameters: MutableSequence[Dict[str, Any]] = []
+            escaped_names = compiled.escaped_bind_names
+
+            # note that currently, "expanded" parameters will be present
+            # in self.compiled_parameters in their quoted form.   This is
+            # slightly inconsistent with the approach taken as of
+            # #8056 where self.compiled_parameters is meant to contain unquoted
+            # param names.
+            d_param: Dict[str, Any]
+            for compiled_params in self.compiled_parameters:
+                if escaped_names:
+                    d_param = {
+                        escaped_names.get(key, key): (
+                            flattened_processors[key](compiled_params[key])
+                            if key in flattened_processors
+                            else compiled_params[key]
+                        )
+                        for key in compiled_params
+                    }
+                else:
+                    d_param = {
+                        key: (
+                            flattened_processors[key](compiled_params[key])
+                            if key in flattened_processors
+                            else compiled_params[key]
+                        )
+                        for key in compiled_params
+                    }
+
+                core_dict_parameters.append(d_param)
+
+            self.parameters = core_dict_parameters
+
+        return self
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _init_statement(
+        cls,
+        dialect: Dialect,
+        connection: Connection,
+        dbapi_connection: PoolProxiedConnection,
+        execution_options: _ExecuteOptions,
+        statement: str,
+        parameters: _DBAPIMultiExecuteParams,
+    ) -> ExecutionContext:
+        """Initialize execution context for a string SQL statement."""
+
+        self = cls.__new__(cls)
+        self.root_connection = connection
+        self._dbapi_connection = dbapi_connection
+        self.dialect = connection.dialect
+        self.is_text = True
+
+        self.execution_options = execution_options
+
+        if not parameters:
+            if self.dialect.positional:
+                self.parameters = [dialect.execute_sequence_format()]
+            else:
+                self.parameters = [self._empty_dict_params]
+        elif isinstance(parameters[0], dialect.execute_sequence_format):
+            self.parameters = parameters
+        elif isinstance(parameters[0], dict):
+            self.parameters = parameters
+        else:
+            self.parameters = [
+                dialect.execute_sequence_format(p) for p in parameters
+            ]
+
+        if len(parameters) > 1:
+            self.execute_style = ExecuteStyle.EXECUTEMANY
+
+        self.statement = self.unicode_statement = statement
+
+        self.cursor = self.create_cursor()
+        return self
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _init_default(
+        cls,
+        dialect: Dialect,
+        connection: Connection,
+        dbapi_connection: PoolProxiedConnection,
+        execution_options: _ExecuteOptions,
+    ) -> ExecutionContext:
+        """Initialize execution context for a ColumnDefault construct."""
+
+        self = cls.__new__(cls)
+        self.root_connection = connection
+        self._dbapi_connection = dbapi_connection
+        self.dialect = connection.dialect
+
+        self.execution_options = execution_options
+
+        self.cursor = self.create_cursor()
+        return self
+
+    def _get_cache_stats(self) -> str:
+        if self.compiled is None:
+            return "raw sql"
+
+        now = perf_counter()
+
+        ch = self.cache_hit
+
+        gen_time = self.compiled._gen_time
+        assert gen_time is not None
+
+        if ch is NO_CACHE_KEY:
+            return "no key %.5fs" % (now - gen_time,)
+        elif ch is CACHE_HIT:
+            return "cached since %.4gs ago" % (now - gen_time,)
+        elif ch is CACHE_MISS:
+            return "generated in %.5fs" % (now - gen_time,)
+        elif ch is CACHING_DISABLED:
+            if "_cache_disable_reason" in self.execution_options:
+                return "caching disabled (%s) %.5fs " % (
+                    self.execution_options["_cache_disable_reason"],
+                    now - gen_time,
+                )
+            else:
+                return "caching disabled %.5fs" % (now - gen_time,)
+        elif ch is NO_DIALECT_SUPPORT:
+            return "dialect %s+%s does not support caching %.5fs" % (
+                self.dialect.name,
+                self.dialect.driver,
+                now - gen_time,
+            )
+        else:
+            return "unknown"
+
+    @property
+    def executemany(self):  # type: ignore[override]
+        return self.execute_style in (
+            ExecuteStyle.EXECUTEMANY,
+            ExecuteStyle.INSERTMANYVALUES,
+        )
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def identifier_preparer(self):
+        if self.compiled:
+            return self.compiled.preparer
+        elif "schema_translate_map" in self.execution_options:
+            return self.dialect.identifier_preparer._with_schema_translate(
+                self.execution_options["schema_translate_map"]
+            )
+        else:
+            return self.dialect.identifier_preparer
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def engine(self):
+        return self.root_connection.engine
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def postfetch_cols(self) -> Optional[Sequence[Column[Any]]]:
+        if TYPE_CHECKING:
+            assert isinstance(self.compiled, SQLCompiler)
+        return self.compiled.postfetch
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def prefetch_cols(self) -> Optional[Sequence[Column[Any]]]:
+        if TYPE_CHECKING:
+            assert isinstance(self.compiled, SQLCompiler)
+        if self.isinsert:
+            return self.compiled.insert_prefetch
+        elif self.isupdate:
+            return self.compiled.update_prefetch
+        else:
+            return ()
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def no_parameters(self):
+        return self.execution_options.get("no_parameters", False)
+
+    def _execute_scalar(
+        self,
+        stmt: str,
+        type_: Optional[TypeEngine[Any]],
+        parameters: Optional[_DBAPISingleExecuteParams] = None,
+    ) -> Any:
+        """Execute a string statement on the current cursor, returning a
+        scalar result.
+
+        Used to fire off sequences, default phrases, and "select lastrowid"
+        types of statements individually or in the context of a parent INSERT
+        or UPDATE statement.
+
+        """
+
+        conn = self.root_connection
+
+        if "schema_translate_map" in self.execution_options:
+            schema_translate_map = self.execution_options.get(
+                "schema_translate_map", {}
+            )
+
+            rst = self.identifier_preparer._render_schema_translates
+            stmt = rst(stmt, schema_translate_map)
+
+        if not parameters:
+            if self.dialect.positional:
+                parameters = self.dialect.execute_sequence_format()
+            else:
+                parameters = {}
+
+        conn._cursor_execute(self.cursor, stmt, parameters, context=self)
+        row = self.cursor.fetchone()
+        if row is not None:
+            r = row[0]
+        else:
+            r = None
+        if type_ is not None:
+            # apply type post processors to the result
+            proc = type_._cached_result_processor(
+                self.dialect, self.cursor.description[0][1]
+            )
+            if proc:
+                return proc(r)
+        return r
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def connection(self):
+        return self.root_connection
+
+    def _use_server_side_cursor(self):
+        if not self.dialect.supports_server_side_cursors:
+            return False
+
+        if self.dialect.server_side_cursors:
+            # this is deprecated
+            use_server_side = self.execution_options.get(
+                "stream_results", True
+            ) and (
+                self.compiled
+                and isinstance(self.compiled.statement, expression.Selectable)
+                or (
+                    (
+                        not self.compiled
+                        or isinstance(
+                            self.compiled.statement, expression.TextClause
+                        )
+                    )
+                    and self.unicode_statement
+                    and SERVER_SIDE_CURSOR_RE.match(self.unicode_statement)
+                )
+            )
+        else:
+            use_server_side = self.execution_options.get(
+                "stream_results", False
+            )
+
+        return use_server_side
+
+    def create_cursor(self) -> DBAPICursor:
+        if (
+            # inlining initial preference checks for SS cursors
+            self.dialect.supports_server_side_cursors
+            and (
+                self.execution_options.get("stream_results", False)
+                or (
+                    self.dialect.server_side_cursors
+                    and self._use_server_side_cursor()
+                )
+            )
+        ):
+            self._is_server_side = True
+            return self.create_server_side_cursor()
+        else:
+            self._is_server_side = False
+            return self.create_default_cursor()
+
+    def fetchall_for_returning(self, cursor):
+        return cursor.fetchall()
+
+    def create_default_cursor(self) -> DBAPICursor:
+        return self._dbapi_connection.cursor()
+
+    def create_server_side_cursor(self) -> DBAPICursor:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def pre_exec(self):
+        pass
+
+    def get_out_parameter_values(self, names):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "This dialect does not support OUT parameters"
+        )
+
+    def post_exec(self):
+        pass
+
+    def get_result_processor(
+        self, type_: TypeEngine[Any], colname: str, coltype: DBAPIType
+    ) -> Optional[_ResultProcessorType[Any]]:
+        """Return a 'result processor' for a given type as present in
+        cursor.description.
+
+        This has a default implementation that dialects can override
+        for context-sensitive result type handling.
+
+        """
+        return type_._cached_result_processor(self.dialect, coltype)
+
+    def get_lastrowid(self) -> int:
+        """return self.cursor.lastrowid, or equivalent, after an INSERT.
+
+        This may involve calling special cursor functions, issuing a new SELECT
+        on the cursor (or a new one), or returning a stored value that was
+        calculated within post_exec().
+
+        This function will only be called for dialects which support "implicit"
+        primary key generation, keep preexecute_autoincrement_sequences set to
+        False, and when no explicit id value was bound to the statement.
+
+        The function is called once for an INSERT statement that would need to
+        return the last inserted primary key for those dialects that make use
+        of the lastrowid concept.  In these cases, it is called directly after
+        :meth:`.ExecutionContext.post_exec`.
+
+        """
+        return self.cursor.lastrowid
+
+    def handle_dbapi_exception(self, e):
+        pass
+
+    @util.non_memoized_property
+    def rowcount(self) -> int:
+        if self._rowcount is not None:
+            return self._rowcount
+        else:
+            return self.cursor.rowcount
+
+    @property
+    def _has_rowcount(self):
+        return self._rowcount is not None
+
+    def supports_sane_rowcount(self):
+        return self.dialect.supports_sane_rowcount
+
+    def supports_sane_multi_rowcount(self):
+        return self.dialect.supports_sane_multi_rowcount
+
+    def _setup_result_proxy(self):
+        exec_opt = self.execution_options
+
+        if self._rowcount is None and exec_opt.get("preserve_rowcount", False):
+            self._rowcount = self.cursor.rowcount
+
+        yp: Optional[Union[int, bool]]
+        if self.is_crud or self.is_text:
+            result = self._setup_dml_or_text_result()
+            yp = False
+        else:
+            yp = exec_opt.get("yield_per", None)
+            sr = self._is_server_side or exec_opt.get("stream_results", False)
+            strategy = self.cursor_fetch_strategy
+            if sr and strategy is _cursor._DEFAULT_FETCH:
+                strategy = _cursor.BufferedRowCursorFetchStrategy(
+                    self.cursor, self.execution_options
+                )
+            cursor_description: _DBAPICursorDescription = (
+                strategy.alternate_cursor_description
+                or self.cursor.description
+            )
+            if cursor_description is None:
+                strategy = _cursor._NO_CURSOR_DQL
+
+            result = _cursor.CursorResult(self, strategy, cursor_description)
+
+        compiled = self.compiled
+
+        if (
+            compiled
+            and not self.isddl
+            and cast(SQLCompiler, compiled).has_out_parameters
+        ):
+            self._setup_out_parameters(result)
+
+        self._soft_closed = result._soft_closed
+
+        if yp:
+            result = result.yield_per(yp)
+
+        return result
+
+    def _setup_out_parameters(self, result):
+        compiled = cast(SQLCompiler, self.compiled)
+
+        out_bindparams = [
+            (param, name)
+            for param, name in compiled.bind_names.items()
+            if param.isoutparam
+        ]
+        out_parameters = {}
+
+        for bindparam, raw_value in zip(
+            [param for param, name in out_bindparams],
+            self.get_out_parameter_values(
+                [name for param, name in out_bindparams]
+            ),
+        ):
+            type_ = bindparam.type
+            impl_type = type_.dialect_impl(self.dialect)
+            dbapi_type = impl_type.get_dbapi_type(self.dialect.loaded_dbapi)
+            result_processor = impl_type.result_processor(
+                self.dialect, dbapi_type
+            )
+            if result_processor is not None:
+                raw_value = result_processor(raw_value)
+            out_parameters[bindparam.key] = raw_value
+
+        result.out_parameters = out_parameters
+
+    def _setup_dml_or_text_result(self):
+        compiled = cast(SQLCompiler, self.compiled)
+
+        strategy: ResultFetchStrategy = self.cursor_fetch_strategy
+
+        if self.isinsert:
+            if (
+                self.execute_style is ExecuteStyle.INSERTMANYVALUES
+                and compiled.effective_returning
+            ):
+                strategy = _cursor.FullyBufferedCursorFetchStrategy(
+                    self.cursor,
+                    initial_buffer=self._insertmanyvalues_rows,
+                    # maintain alt cursor description if set by the
+                    # dialect, e.g. mssql preserves it
+                    alternate_description=(
+                        strategy.alternate_cursor_description
+                    ),
+                )
+
+            if compiled.postfetch_lastrowid:
+                self.inserted_primary_key_rows = (
+                    self._setup_ins_pk_from_lastrowid()
+                )
+            # else if not self._is_implicit_returning,
+            # the default inserted_primary_key_rows accessor will
+            # return an "empty" primary key collection when accessed.
+
+        if self._is_server_side and strategy is _cursor._DEFAULT_FETCH:
+            strategy = _cursor.BufferedRowCursorFetchStrategy(
+                self.cursor, self.execution_options
+            )
+
+        if strategy is _cursor._NO_CURSOR_DML:
+            cursor_description = None
+        else:
+            cursor_description = (
+                strategy.alternate_cursor_description
+                or self.cursor.description
+            )
+
+        if cursor_description is None:
+            strategy = _cursor._NO_CURSOR_DML
+        elif self._num_sentinel_cols:
+            assert self.execute_style is ExecuteStyle.INSERTMANYVALUES
+            # strip out the sentinel columns from cursor description
+            # a similar logic is done to the rows only in CursorResult
+            cursor_description = cursor_description[
+                0 : -self._num_sentinel_cols
+            ]
+
+        result: _cursor.CursorResult[Any] = _cursor.CursorResult(
+            self, strategy, cursor_description
+        )
+
+        if self.isinsert:
+            if self._is_implicit_returning:
+                rows = result.all()
+
+                self.returned_default_rows = rows
+
+                self.inserted_primary_key_rows = (
+                    self._setup_ins_pk_from_implicit_returning(result, rows)
+                )
+
+                # test that it has a cursor metadata that is accurate. the
+                # first row will have been fetched and current assumptions
+                # are that the result has only one row, until executemany()
+                # support is added here.
+                assert result._metadata.returns_rows
+
+                # Insert statement has both return_defaults() and
+                # returning().  rewind the result on the list of rows
+                # we just used.
+                if self._is_supplemental_returning:
+                    result._rewind(rows)
+                else:
+                    result._soft_close()
+            elif not self._is_explicit_returning:
+                result._soft_close()
+
+                # we assume here the result does not return any rows.
+                # *usually*, this will be true.  However, some dialects
+                # such as that of MSSQL/pyodbc need to SELECT a post fetch
+                # function so this is not necessarily true.
+                # assert not result.returns_rows
+
+        elif self._is_implicit_returning:
+            rows = result.all()
+
+            if rows:
+                self.returned_default_rows = rows
+            self._rowcount = len(rows)
+
+            if self._is_supplemental_returning:
+                result._rewind(rows)
+            else:
+                result._soft_close()
+
+            # test that it has a cursor metadata that is accurate.
+            # the rows have all been fetched however.
+            assert result._metadata.returns_rows
+
+        elif not result._metadata.returns_rows:
+            # no results, get rowcount
+            # (which requires open cursor on some drivers)
+            if self._rowcount is None:
+                self._rowcount = self.cursor.rowcount
+            result._soft_close()
+        elif self.isupdate or self.isdelete:
+            if self._rowcount is None:
+                self._rowcount = self.cursor.rowcount
+        return result
+
+    @util.memoized_property
+    def inserted_primary_key_rows(self):
+        # if no specific "get primary key" strategy was set up
+        # during execution, return a "default" primary key based
+        # on what's in the compiled_parameters and nothing else.
+        return self._setup_ins_pk_from_empty()
+
+    def _setup_ins_pk_from_lastrowid(self):
+        getter = cast(
+            SQLCompiler, self.compiled
+        )._inserted_primary_key_from_lastrowid_getter
+        lastrowid = self.get_lastrowid()
+        return [getter(lastrowid, self.compiled_parameters[0])]
+
+    def _setup_ins_pk_from_empty(self):
+        getter = cast(
+            SQLCompiler, self.compiled
+        )._inserted_primary_key_from_lastrowid_getter
+        return [getter(None, param) for param in self.compiled_parameters]
+
+    def _setup_ins_pk_from_implicit_returning(self, result, rows):
+        if not rows:
+            return []
+
+        getter = cast(
+            SQLCompiler, self.compiled
+        )._inserted_primary_key_from_returning_getter
+        compiled_params = self.compiled_parameters
+
+        return [
+            getter(row, param) for row, param in zip(rows, compiled_params)
+        ]
+
+    def lastrow_has_defaults(self) -> bool:
+        return (self.isinsert or self.isupdate) and bool(
+            cast(SQLCompiler, self.compiled).postfetch
+        )
+
+    def _prepare_set_input_sizes(
+        self,
+    ) -> Optional[List[Tuple[str, Any, TypeEngine[Any]]]]:
+        """Given a cursor and ClauseParameters, prepare arguments
+        in order to call the appropriate
+        style of ``setinputsizes()`` on the cursor, using DB-API types
+        from the bind parameter's ``TypeEngine`` objects.
+
+        This method only called by those dialects which set the
+        :attr:`.Dialect.bind_typing` attribute to
+        :attr:`.BindTyping.SETINPUTSIZES`.  Python-oracledb and cx_Oracle are
+        the only DBAPIs that requires setinputsizes(); pyodbc offers it as an
+        option.
+
+        Prior to SQLAlchemy 2.0, the setinputsizes() approach was also used
+        for pg8000 and asyncpg, which has been changed to inline rendering
+        of casts.
+
+        """
+        if self.isddl or self.is_text:
+            return None
+
+        compiled = cast(SQLCompiler, self.compiled)
+
+        inputsizes = compiled._get_set_input_sizes_lookup()
+
+        if inputsizes is None:
+            return None
+
+        dialect = self.dialect
+
+        # all of the rest of this... cython?
+
+        if dialect._has_events:
+            inputsizes = dict(inputsizes)
+            dialect.dispatch.do_setinputsizes(
+                inputsizes, self.cursor, self.statement, self.parameters, self
+            )
+
+        if compiled.escaped_bind_names:
+            escaped_bind_names = compiled.escaped_bind_names
+        else:
+            escaped_bind_names = None
+
+        if dialect.positional:
+            items = [
+                (key, compiled.binds[key])
+                for key in compiled.positiontup or ()
+            ]
+        else:
+            items = [
+                (key, bindparam)
+                for bindparam, key in compiled.bind_names.items()
+            ]
+
+        generic_inputsizes: List[Tuple[str, Any, TypeEngine[Any]]] = []
+        for key, bindparam in items:
+            if bindparam in compiled.literal_execute_params:
+                continue
+
+            if key in self._expanded_parameters:
+                if is_tuple_type(bindparam.type):
+                    num = len(bindparam.type.types)
+                    dbtypes = inputsizes[bindparam]
+                    generic_inputsizes.extend(
+                        (
+                            (
+                                escaped_bind_names.get(paramname, paramname)
+                                if escaped_bind_names is not None
+                                else paramname
+                            ),
+                            dbtypes[idx % num],
+                            bindparam.type.types[idx % num],
+                        )
+                        for idx, paramname in enumerate(
+                            self._expanded_parameters[key]
+                        )
+                    )
+                else:
+                    dbtype = inputsizes.get(bindparam, None)
+                    generic_inputsizes.extend(
+                        (
+                            (
+                                escaped_bind_names.get(paramname, paramname)
+                                if escaped_bind_names is not None
+                                else paramname
+                            ),
+                            dbtype,
+                            bindparam.type,
+                        )
+                        for paramname in self._expanded_parameters[key]
+                    )
+            else:
+                dbtype = inputsizes.get(bindparam, None)
+
+                escaped_name = (
+                    escaped_bind_names.get(key, key)
+                    if escaped_bind_names is not None
+                    else key
+                )
+
+                generic_inputsizes.append(
+                    (escaped_name, dbtype, bindparam.type)
+                )
+
+        return generic_inputsizes
+
+    def _exec_default(self, column, default, type_):
+        if default.is_sequence:
+            return self.fire_sequence(default, type_)
+        elif default.is_callable:
+            # this codepath is not normally used as it's inlined
+            # into _process_execute_defaults
+            self.current_column = column
+            return default.arg(self)
+        elif default.is_clause_element:
+            return self._exec_default_clause_element(column, default, type_)
+        else:
+            # this codepath is not normally used as it's inlined
+            # into _process_execute_defaults
+            return default.arg
+
+    def _exec_default_clause_element(self, column, default, type_):
+        # execute a default that's a complete clause element.  Here, we have
+        # to re-implement a miniature version of the compile->parameters->
+        # cursor.execute() sequence, since we don't want to modify the state
+        # of the connection  / result in progress or create new connection/
+        # result objects etc.
+        # .. versionchanged:: 1.4
+
+        if not default._arg_is_typed:
+            default_arg = expression.type_coerce(default.arg, type_)
+        else:
+            default_arg = default.arg
+        compiled = expression.select(default_arg).compile(dialect=self.dialect)
+        compiled_params = compiled.construct_params()
+        processors = compiled._bind_processors
+        if compiled.positional:
+            parameters = self.dialect.execute_sequence_format(
+                [
+                    (
+                        processors[key](compiled_params[key])  # type: ignore
+                        if key in processors
+                        else compiled_params[key]
+                    )
+                    for key in compiled.positiontup or ()
+                ]
+            )
+        else:
+            parameters = {
+                key: (
+                    processors[key](compiled_params[key])  # type: ignore
+                    if key in processors
+                    else compiled_params[key]
+                )
+                for key in compiled_params
+            }
+        return self._execute_scalar(
+            str(compiled), type_, parameters=parameters
+        )
+
+    current_parameters: Optional[_CoreSingleExecuteParams] = None
+    """A dictionary of parameters applied to the current row.
+
+    This attribute is only available in the context of a user-defined default
+    generation function, e.g. as described at :ref:`context_default_functions`.
+    It consists of a dictionary which includes entries for each column/value
+    pair that is to be part of the INSERT or UPDATE statement. The keys of the
+    dictionary will be the key value of each :class:`_schema.Column`,
+    which is usually
+    synonymous with the name.
+
+    Note that the :attr:`.DefaultExecutionContext.current_parameters` attribute
+    does not accommodate for the "multi-values" feature of the
+    :meth:`_expression.Insert.values` method.  The
+    :meth:`.DefaultExecutionContext.get_current_parameters` method should be
+    preferred.
+
+    .. seealso::
+
+        :meth:`.DefaultExecutionContext.get_current_parameters`
+
+        :ref:`context_default_functions`
+
+    """
+
+    def get_current_parameters(self, isolate_multiinsert_groups=True):
+        """Return a dictionary of parameters applied to the current row.
+
+        This method can only be used in the context of a user-defined default
+        generation function, e.g. as described at
+        :ref:`context_default_functions`. When invoked, a dictionary is
+        returned which includes entries for each column/value pair that is part
+        of the INSERT or UPDATE statement. The keys of the dictionary will be
+        the key value of each :class:`_schema.Column`,
+        which is usually synonymous
+        with the name.
+
+        :param isolate_multiinsert_groups=True: indicates that multi-valued
+         INSERT constructs created using :meth:`_expression.Insert.values`
+         should be
+         handled by returning only the subset of parameters that are local
+         to the current column default invocation.   When ``False``, the
+         raw parameters of the statement are returned including the
+         naming convention used in the case of multi-valued INSERT.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.2  added
+           :meth:`.DefaultExecutionContext.get_current_parameters`
+           which provides more functionality over the existing
+           :attr:`.DefaultExecutionContext.current_parameters`
+           attribute.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :attr:`.DefaultExecutionContext.current_parameters`
+
+            :ref:`context_default_functions`
+
+        """
+        try:
+            parameters = self.current_parameters
+            column = self.current_column
+        except AttributeError:
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "get_current_parameters() can only be invoked in the "
+                "context of a Python side column default function"
+            )
+        else:
+            assert column is not None
+            assert parameters is not None
+        compile_state = cast(
+            "DMLState", cast(SQLCompiler, self.compiled).compile_state
+        )
+        assert compile_state is not None
+        if (
+            isolate_multiinsert_groups
+            and dml.isinsert(compile_state)
+            and compile_state._has_multi_parameters
+        ):
+            if column._is_multiparam_column:
+                index = column.index + 1
+                d = {column.original.key: parameters[column.key]}
+            else:
+                d = {column.key: parameters[column.key]}
+                index = 0
+            assert compile_state._dict_parameters is not None
+            keys = compile_state._dict_parameters.keys()
+            d.update(
+                (key, parameters["%s_m%d" % (key, index)]) for key in keys
+            )
+            return d
+        else:
+            return parameters
+
+    def get_insert_default(self, column):
+        if column.default is None:
+            return None
+        else:
+            return self._exec_default(column, column.default, column.type)
+
+    def get_update_default(self, column):
+        if column.onupdate is None:
+            return None
+        else:
+            return self._exec_default(column, column.onupdate, column.type)
+
+    def _process_execute_defaults(self):
+        compiled = cast(SQLCompiler, self.compiled)
+
+        key_getter = compiled._within_exec_param_key_getter
+
+        sentinel_counter = 0
+
+        if compiled.insert_prefetch:
+            prefetch_recs = [
+                (
+                    c,
+                    key_getter(c),
+                    c._default_description_tuple,
+                    self.get_insert_default,
+                )
+                for c in compiled.insert_prefetch
+            ]
+        elif compiled.update_prefetch:
+            prefetch_recs = [
+                (
+                    c,
+                    key_getter(c),
+                    c._onupdate_description_tuple,
+                    self.get_update_default,
+                )
+                for c in compiled.update_prefetch
+            ]
+        else:
+            prefetch_recs = []
+
+        for param in self.compiled_parameters:
+            self.current_parameters = param
+
+            for (
+                c,
+                param_key,
+                (arg, is_scalar, is_callable, is_sentinel),
+                fallback,
+            ) in prefetch_recs:
+                if is_sentinel:
+                    param[param_key] = sentinel_counter
+                    sentinel_counter += 1
+                elif is_scalar:
+                    param[param_key] = arg
+                elif is_callable:
+                    self.current_column = c
+                    param[param_key] = arg(self)
+                else:
+                    val = fallback(c)
+                    if val is not None:
+                        param[param_key] = val
+
+        del self.current_parameters
+
+
+DefaultDialect.execution_ctx_cls = DefaultExecutionContext

python/user_packages/Python313/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/events.py

@@ -0,0 +1,965 @@
+# engine/events.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import typing
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Tuple
+from typing import Type
+from typing import Union
+
+from .base import Connection
+from .base import Engine
+from .interfaces import ConnectionEventsTarget
+from .interfaces import DBAPIConnection
+from .interfaces import DBAPICursor
+from .interfaces import Dialect
+from .. import event
+from .. import exc
+from ..util.typing import Literal
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .interfaces import _CoreMultiExecuteParams
+    from .interfaces import _CoreSingleExecuteParams
+    from .interfaces import _DBAPIAnyExecuteParams
+    from .interfaces import _DBAPIMultiExecuteParams
+    from .interfaces import _DBAPISingleExecuteParams
+    from .interfaces import _ExecuteOptions
+    from .interfaces import ExceptionContext
+    from .interfaces import ExecutionContext
+    from .result import Result
+    from ..pool import ConnectionPoolEntry
+    from ..sql import Executable
+    from ..sql.elements import BindParameter
+
+
+class ConnectionEvents(event.Events[ConnectionEventsTarget]):
+    """Available events for
+    :class:`_engine.Connection` and :class:`_engine.Engine`.
+
+    The methods here define the name of an event as well as the names of
+    members that are passed to listener functions.
+
+    An event listener can be associated with any
+    :class:`_engine.Connection` or :class:`_engine.Engine`
+    class or instance, such as an :class:`_engine.Engine`, e.g.::
+
+        from sqlalchemy import event, create_engine
+
+
+        def before_cursor_execute(
+            conn, cursor, statement, parameters, context, executemany
+        ):
+            log.info("Received statement: %s", statement)
+
+
+        engine = create_engine("postgresql+psycopg2://scott:tiger@localhost/test")
+        event.listen(engine, "before_cursor_execute", before_cursor_execute)
+
+    or with a specific :class:`_engine.Connection`::
+
+        with engine.begin() as conn:
+
+            @event.listens_for(conn, "before_cursor_execute")
+            def before_cursor_execute(
+                conn, cursor, statement, parameters, context, executemany
+            ):
+                log.info("Received statement: %s", statement)
+
+    When the methods are called with a `statement` parameter, such as in
+    :meth:`.after_cursor_execute` or :meth:`.before_cursor_execute`,
+    the statement is the exact SQL string that was prepared for transmission
+    to the DBAPI ``cursor`` in the connection's :class:`.Dialect`.
+
+    The :meth:`.before_execute` and :meth:`.before_cursor_execute`
+    events can also be established with the ``retval=True`` flag, which
+    allows modification of the statement and parameters to be sent
+    to the database.  The :meth:`.before_cursor_execute` event is
+    particularly useful here to add ad-hoc string transformations, such
+    as comments, to all executions::
+
+        from sqlalchemy.engine import Engine
+        from sqlalchemy import event
+
+
+        @event.listens_for(Engine, "before_cursor_execute", retval=True)
+        def comment_sql_calls(
+            conn, cursor, statement, parameters, context, executemany
+        ):
+            statement = statement + " -- some comment"
+            return statement, parameters
+
+    .. note:: :class:`_events.ConnectionEvents` can be established on any
+       combination of :class:`_engine.Engine`, :class:`_engine.Connection`,
+       as well
+       as instances of each of those classes.  Events across all
+       four scopes will fire off for a given instance of
+       :class:`_engine.Connection`.  However, for performance reasons, the
+       :class:`_engine.Connection` object determines at instantiation time
+       whether or not its parent :class:`_engine.Engine` has event listeners
+       established.   Event listeners added to the :class:`_engine.Engine`
+       class or to an instance of :class:`_engine.Engine`
+       *after* the instantiation
+       of a dependent :class:`_engine.Connection` instance will usually
+       *not* be available on that :class:`_engine.Connection` instance.
+       The newly
+       added listeners will instead take effect for
+       :class:`_engine.Connection`
+       instances created subsequent to those event listeners being
+       established on the parent :class:`_engine.Engine` class or instance.
+
+    :param retval=False: Applies to the :meth:`.before_execute` and
+      :meth:`.before_cursor_execute` events only.  When True, the
+      user-defined event function must have a return value, which
+      is a tuple of parameters that replace the given statement
+      and parameters.  See those methods for a description of
+      specific return arguments.
+
+    """  # noqa
+
+    _target_class_doc = "SomeEngine"
+    _dispatch_target = ConnectionEventsTarget
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _accept_with(
+        cls,
+        target: Union[ConnectionEventsTarget, Type[ConnectionEventsTarget]],
+        identifier: str,
+    ) -> Optional[Union[ConnectionEventsTarget, Type[ConnectionEventsTarget]]]:
+        default_dispatch = super()._accept_with(target, identifier)
+        if default_dispatch is None and hasattr(
+            target, "_no_async_engine_events"
+        ):
+            target._no_async_engine_events()
+
+        return default_dispatch
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _listen(
+        cls,
+        event_key: event._EventKey[ConnectionEventsTarget],
+        *,
+        retval: bool = False,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        target, identifier, fn = (
+            event_key.dispatch_target,
+            event_key.identifier,
+            event_key._listen_fn,
+        )
+        target._has_events = True
+
+        if not retval:
+            if identifier == "before_execute":
+                orig_fn = fn
+
+                def wrap_before_execute(  # type: ignore
+                    conn, clauseelement, multiparams, params, execution_options
+                ):
+                    orig_fn(
+                        conn,
+                        clauseelement,
+                        multiparams,
+                        params,
+                        execution_options,
+                    )
+                    return clauseelement, multiparams, params
+
+                fn = wrap_before_execute
+            elif identifier == "before_cursor_execute":
+                orig_fn = fn
+
+                def wrap_before_cursor_execute(  # type: ignore
+                    conn, cursor, statement, parameters, context, executemany
+                ):
+                    orig_fn(
+                        conn,
+                        cursor,
+                        statement,
+                        parameters,
+                        context,
+                        executemany,
+                    )
+                    return statement, parameters
+
+                fn = wrap_before_cursor_execute
+        elif retval and identifier not in (
+            "before_execute",
+            "before_cursor_execute",
+        ):
+            raise exc.ArgumentError(
+                "Only the 'before_execute', "
+                "'before_cursor_execute' and 'handle_error' engine "
+                "event listeners accept the 'retval=True' "
+                "argument."
+            )
+        event_key.with_wrapper(fn).base_listen()
+
+    @event._legacy_signature(
+        "1.4",
+        ["conn", "clauseelement", "multiparams", "params"],
+        lambda conn, clauseelement, multiparams, params, execution_options: (
+            conn,
+            clauseelement,
+            multiparams,
+            params,
+        ),
+    )
+    def before_execute(
+        self,
+        conn: Connection,
+        clauseelement: Executable,
+        multiparams: _CoreMultiExecuteParams,
+        params: _CoreSingleExecuteParams,
+        execution_options: _ExecuteOptions,
+    ) -> Optional[
+        Tuple[Executable, _CoreMultiExecuteParams, _CoreSingleExecuteParams]
+    ]:
+        """Intercept high level execute() events, receiving uncompiled
+        SQL constructs and other objects prior to rendering into SQL.
+
+        This event is good for debugging SQL compilation issues as well
+        as early manipulation of the parameters being sent to the database,
+        as the parameter lists will be in a consistent format here.
+
+        This event can be optionally established with the ``retval=True``
+        flag.  The ``clauseelement``, ``multiparams``, and ``params``
+        arguments should be returned as a three-tuple in this case::
+
+            @event.listens_for(Engine, "before_execute", retval=True)
+            def before_execute(conn, clauseelement, multiparams, params):
+                # do something with clauseelement, multiparams, params
+                return clauseelement, multiparams, params
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+        :param clauseelement: SQL expression construct, :class:`.Compiled`
+         instance, or string statement passed to
+         :meth:`_engine.Connection.execute`.
+        :param multiparams: Multiple parameter sets, a list of dictionaries.
+        :param params: Single parameter set, a single dictionary.
+        :param execution_options: dictionary of execution
+         options passed along with the statement, if any.  This is a merge
+         of all options that will be used, including those of the statement,
+         the connection, and those passed in to the method itself for
+         the 2.0 style of execution.
+
+         .. versionadded: 1.4
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :meth:`.before_cursor_execute`
+
+        """
+
+    @event._legacy_signature(
+        "1.4",
+        ["conn", "clauseelement", "multiparams", "params", "result"],
+        lambda conn, clauseelement, multiparams, params, execution_options, result: (  # noqa
+            conn,
+            clauseelement,
+            multiparams,
+            params,
+            result,
+        ),
+    )
+    def after_execute(
+        self,
+        conn: Connection,
+        clauseelement: Executable,
+        multiparams: _CoreMultiExecuteParams,
+        params: _CoreSingleExecuteParams,
+        execution_options: _ExecuteOptions,
+        result: Result[Any],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Intercept high level execute() events after execute.
+
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+        :param clauseelement: SQL expression construct, :class:`.Compiled`
+         instance, or string statement passed to
+         :meth:`_engine.Connection.execute`.
+        :param multiparams: Multiple parameter sets, a list of dictionaries.
+        :param params: Single parameter set, a single dictionary.
+        :param execution_options: dictionary of execution
+         options passed along with the statement, if any.  This is a merge
+         of all options that will be used, including those of the statement,
+         the connection, and those passed in to the method itself for
+         the 2.0 style of execution.
+
+         .. versionadded: 1.4
+
+        :param result: :class:`_engine.CursorResult` generated by the
+         execution.
+
+        """
+
+    def before_cursor_execute(
+        self,
+        conn: Connection,
+        cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        statement: str,
+        parameters: _DBAPIAnyExecuteParams,
+        context: Optional[ExecutionContext],
+        executemany: bool,
+    ) -> Optional[Tuple[str, _DBAPIAnyExecuteParams]]:
+        """Intercept low-level cursor execute() events before execution,
+        receiving the string SQL statement and DBAPI-specific parameter list to
+        be invoked against a cursor.
+
+        This event is a good choice for logging as well as late modifications
+        to the SQL string.  It's less ideal for parameter modifications except
+        for those which are specific to a target backend.
+
+        This event can be optionally established with the ``retval=True``
+        flag.  The ``statement`` and ``parameters`` arguments should be
+        returned as a two-tuple in this case::
+
+            @event.listens_for(Engine, "before_cursor_execute", retval=True)
+            def before_cursor_execute(
+                conn, cursor, statement, parameters, context, executemany
+            ):
+                # do something with statement, parameters
+                return statement, parameters
+
+        See the example at :class:`_events.ConnectionEvents`.
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+        :param cursor: DBAPI cursor object
+        :param statement: string SQL statement, as to be passed to the DBAPI
+        :param parameters: Dictionary, tuple, or list of parameters being
+         passed to the ``execute()`` or ``executemany()`` method of the
+         DBAPI ``cursor``.  In some cases may be ``None``.
+        :param context: :class:`.ExecutionContext` object in use.  May
+         be ``None``.
+        :param executemany: boolean, if ``True``, this is an ``executemany()``
+         call, if ``False``, this is an ``execute()`` call.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :meth:`.before_execute`
+
+            :meth:`.after_cursor_execute`
+
+        """
+
+    def after_cursor_execute(
+        self,
+        conn: Connection,
+        cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        statement: str,
+        parameters: _DBAPIAnyExecuteParams,
+        context: Optional[ExecutionContext],
+        executemany: bool,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Intercept low-level cursor execute() events after execution.
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+        :param cursor: DBAPI cursor object.  Will have results pending
+         if the statement was a SELECT, but these should not be consumed
+         as they will be needed by the :class:`_engine.CursorResult`.
+        :param statement: string SQL statement, as passed to the DBAPI
+        :param parameters: Dictionary, tuple, or list of parameters being
+         passed to the ``execute()`` or ``executemany()`` method of the
+         DBAPI ``cursor``.  In some cases may be ``None``.
+        :param context: :class:`.ExecutionContext` object in use.  May
+         be ``None``.
+        :param executemany: boolean, if ``True``, this is an ``executemany()``
+         call, if ``False``, this is an ``execute()`` call.
+
+        """
+
+    @event._legacy_signature(
+        "2.0", ["conn", "branch"], converter=lambda conn: (conn, False)
+    )
+    def engine_connect(self, conn: Connection) -> None:
+        """Intercept the creation of a new :class:`_engine.Connection`.
+
+        This event is called typically as the direct result of calling
+        the :meth:`_engine.Engine.connect` method.
+
+        It differs from the :meth:`_events.PoolEvents.connect` method, which
+        refers to the actual connection to a database at the DBAPI level;
+        a DBAPI connection may be pooled and reused for many operations.
+        In contrast, this event refers only to the production of a higher level
+        :class:`_engine.Connection` wrapper around such a DBAPI connection.
+
+        It also differs from the :meth:`_events.PoolEvents.checkout` event
+        in that it is specific to the :class:`_engine.Connection` object,
+        not the
+        DBAPI connection that :meth:`_events.PoolEvents.checkout` deals with,
+        although
+        this DBAPI connection is available here via the
+        :attr:`_engine.Connection.connection` attribute.
+        But note there can in fact
+        be multiple :meth:`_events.PoolEvents.checkout`
+        events within the lifespan
+        of a single :class:`_engine.Connection` object, if that
+        :class:`_engine.Connection`
+        is invalidated and re-established.
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :meth:`_events.PoolEvents.checkout`
+            the lower-level pool checkout event
+            for an individual DBAPI connection
+
+        """
+
+    def set_connection_execution_options(
+        self, conn: Connection, opts: Dict[str, Any]
+    ) -> None:
+        """Intercept when the :meth:`_engine.Connection.execution_options`
+        method is called.
+
+        This method is called after the new :class:`_engine.Connection`
+        has been
+        produced, with the newly updated execution options collection, but
+        before the :class:`.Dialect` has acted upon any of those new options.
+
+        Note that this method is not called when a new
+        :class:`_engine.Connection`
+        is produced which is inheriting execution options from its parent
+        :class:`_engine.Engine`; to intercept this condition, use the
+        :meth:`_events.ConnectionEvents.engine_connect` event.
+
+        :param conn: The newly copied :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+
+        :param opts: dictionary of options that were passed to the
+         :meth:`_engine.Connection.execution_options` method.
+         This dictionary may be modified in place to affect the ultimate
+         options which take effect.
+
+         .. versionadded:: 2.0 the ``opts`` dictionary may be modified
+            in place.
+
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :meth:`_events.ConnectionEvents.set_engine_execution_options`
+            - event
+            which is called when :meth:`_engine.Engine.execution_options`
+            is called.
+
+
+        """
+
+    def set_engine_execution_options(
+        self, engine: Engine, opts: Dict[str, Any]
+    ) -> None:
+        """Intercept when the :meth:`_engine.Engine.execution_options`
+        method is called.
+
+        The :meth:`_engine.Engine.execution_options` method produces a shallow
+        copy of the :class:`_engine.Engine` which stores the new options.
+        That new
+        :class:`_engine.Engine` is passed here.
+        A particular application of this
+        method is to add a :meth:`_events.ConnectionEvents.engine_connect`
+        event
+        handler to the given :class:`_engine.Engine`
+        which will perform some per-
+        :class:`_engine.Connection` task specific to these execution options.
+
+        :param conn: The newly copied :class:`_engine.Engine` object
+
+        :param opts: dictionary of options that were passed to the
+         :meth:`_engine.Connection.execution_options` method.
+         This dictionary may be modified in place to affect the ultimate
+         options which take effect.
+
+         .. versionadded:: 2.0 the ``opts`` dictionary may be modified
+            in place.
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :meth:`_events.ConnectionEvents.set_connection_execution_options`
+            - event
+            which is called when :meth:`_engine.Connection.execution_options`
+            is
+            called.
+
+        """
+
+    def engine_disposed(self, engine: Engine) -> None:
+        """Intercept when the :meth:`_engine.Engine.dispose` method is called.
+
+        The :meth:`_engine.Engine.dispose` method instructs the engine to
+        "dispose" of it's connection pool (e.g. :class:`_pool.Pool`), and
+        replaces it with a new one.  Disposing of the old pool has the
+        effect that existing checked-in connections are closed.  The new
+        pool does not establish any new connections until it is first used.
+
+        This event can be used to indicate that resources related to the
+        :class:`_engine.Engine` should also be cleaned up,
+        keeping in mind that the
+        :class:`_engine.Engine`
+        can still be used for new requests in which case
+        it re-acquires connection resources.
+
+        """
+
+    def begin(self, conn: Connection) -> None:
+        """Intercept begin() events.
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+
+        """
+
+    def rollback(self, conn: Connection) -> None:
+        """Intercept rollback() events, as initiated by a
+        :class:`.Transaction`.
+
+        Note that the :class:`_pool.Pool` also "auto-rolls back"
+        a DBAPI connection upon checkin, if the ``reset_on_return``
+        flag is set to its default value of ``'rollback'``.
+        To intercept this
+        rollback, use the :meth:`_events.PoolEvents.reset` hook.
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :meth:`_events.PoolEvents.reset`
+
+        """
+
+    def commit(self, conn: Connection) -> None:
+        """Intercept commit() events, as initiated by a
+        :class:`.Transaction`.
+
+        Note that the :class:`_pool.Pool` may also "auto-commit"
+        a DBAPI connection upon checkin, if the ``reset_on_return``
+        flag is set to the value ``'commit'``.  To intercept this
+        commit, use the :meth:`_events.PoolEvents.reset` hook.
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+        """
+
+    def savepoint(self, conn: Connection, name: str) -> None:
+        """Intercept savepoint() events.
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+        :param name: specified name used for the savepoint.
+
+        """
+
+    def rollback_savepoint(
+        self, conn: Connection, name: str, context: None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Intercept rollback_savepoint() events.
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+        :param name: specified name used for the savepoint.
+        :param context: not used
+
+        """
+        # TODO: deprecate "context"
+
+    def release_savepoint(
+        self, conn: Connection, name: str, context: None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Intercept release_savepoint() events.
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+        :param name: specified name used for the savepoint.
+        :param context: not used
+
+        """
+        # TODO: deprecate "context"
+
+    def begin_twophase(self, conn: Connection, xid: Any) -> None:
+        """Intercept begin_twophase() events.
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+        :param xid: two-phase XID identifier
+
+        """
+
+    def prepare_twophase(self, conn: Connection, xid: Any) -> None:
+        """Intercept prepare_twophase() events.
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+        :param xid: two-phase XID identifier
+        """
+
+    def rollback_twophase(
+        self, conn: Connection, xid: Any, is_prepared: bool
+    ) -> None:
+        """Intercept rollback_twophase() events.
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+        :param xid: two-phase XID identifier
+        :param is_prepared: boolean, indicates if
+         :meth:`.TwoPhaseTransaction.prepare` was called.
+
+        """
+
+    def commit_twophase(
+        self, conn: Connection, xid: Any, is_prepared: bool
+    ) -> None:
+        """Intercept commit_twophase() events.
+
+        :param conn: :class:`_engine.Connection` object
+        :param xid: two-phase XID identifier
+        :param is_prepared: boolean, indicates if
+         :meth:`.TwoPhaseTransaction.prepare` was called.
+
+        """
+
+
+class DialectEvents(event.Events[Dialect]):
+    """event interface for execution-replacement functions.
+
+    These events allow direct instrumentation and replacement
+    of key dialect functions which interact with the DBAPI.
+
+    .. note::
+
+        :class:`.DialectEvents` hooks should be considered **semi-public**
+        and experimental.
+        These hooks are not for general use and are only for those situations
+        where intricate re-statement of DBAPI mechanics must be injected onto
+        an existing dialect.  For general-use statement-interception events,
+        please use the :class:`_events.ConnectionEvents` interface.
+
+    .. seealso::
+
+        :meth:`_events.ConnectionEvents.before_cursor_execute`
+
+        :meth:`_events.ConnectionEvents.before_execute`
+
+        :meth:`_events.ConnectionEvents.after_cursor_execute`
+
+        :meth:`_events.ConnectionEvents.after_execute`
+
+    """
+
+    _target_class_doc = "SomeEngine"
+    _dispatch_target = Dialect
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _listen(
+        cls,
+        event_key: event._EventKey[Dialect],
+        *,
+        retval: bool = False,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        target = event_key.dispatch_target
+
+        target._has_events = True
+        event_key.base_listen()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _accept_with(
+        cls,
+        target: Union[Engine, Type[Engine], Dialect, Type[Dialect]],
+        identifier: str,
+    ) -> Optional[Union[Dialect, Type[Dialect]]]:
+        if isinstance(target, type):
+            if issubclass(target, Engine):
+                return Dialect
+            elif issubclass(target, Dialect):
+                return target
+        elif isinstance(target, Engine):
+            return target.dialect
+        elif isinstance(target, Dialect):
+            return target
+        elif isinstance(target, Connection) and identifier == "handle_error":
+            raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
+                "The handle_error() event hook as of SQLAlchemy 2.0 is "
+                "established on the Dialect, and may only be applied to the "
+                "Engine as a whole or to a specific Dialect as a whole, "
+                "not on a per-Connection basis."
+            )
+        elif hasattr(target, "_no_async_engine_events"):
+            target._no_async_engine_events()
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def handle_error(
+        self, exception_context: ExceptionContext
+    ) -> Optional[BaseException]:
+        r"""Intercept all exceptions processed by the
+        :class:`_engine.Dialect`, typically but not limited to those
+        emitted within the scope of a :class:`_engine.Connection`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0 the :meth:`.DialectEvents.handle_error` event
+           is moved to the :class:`.DialectEvents` class, moved from the
+           :class:`.ConnectionEvents` class, so that it may also participate in
+           the "pre ping" operation configured with the
+           :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.pool_pre_ping` parameter. The event
+           remains registered by using the :class:`_engine.Engine` as the event
+           target, however note that using the :class:`_engine.Connection` as
+           an event target for :meth:`.DialectEvents.handle_error` is no longer
+           supported.
+
+        This includes all exceptions emitted by the DBAPI as well as
+        within SQLAlchemy's statement invocation process, including
+        encoding errors and other statement validation errors.  Other areas
+        in which the event is invoked include transaction begin and end,
+        result row fetching, cursor creation.
+
+        Note that :meth:`.handle_error` may support new kinds of exceptions
+        and new calling scenarios at *any time*.  Code which uses this
+        event must expect new calling patterns to be present in minor
+        releases.
+
+        To support the wide variety of members that correspond to an exception,
+        as well as to allow extensibility of the event without backwards
+        incompatibility, the sole argument received is an instance of
+        :class:`.ExceptionContext`.   This object contains data members
+        representing detail about the exception.
+
+        Use cases supported by this hook include:
+
+        * read-only, low-level exception handling for logging and
+          debugging purposes
+        * Establishing whether a DBAPI connection error message indicates
+          that the database connection needs to be reconnected, including
+          for the "pre_ping" handler used by **some** dialects
+        * Establishing or disabling whether a connection or the owning
+          connection pool is invalidated or expired in response to a
+          specific exception
+        * exception re-writing
+
+        The hook is called while the cursor from the failed operation
+        (if any) is still open and accessible.   Special cleanup operations
+        can be called on this cursor; SQLAlchemy will attempt to close
+        this cursor subsequent to this hook being invoked.
+
+        As of SQLAlchemy 2.0, the "pre_ping" handler enabled using the
+        :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.pool_pre_ping` parameter will also
+        participate in the :meth:`.handle_error` process, **for those dialects
+        that rely upon disconnect codes to detect database liveness**. Note
+        that some dialects such as psycopg, psycopg2, and most MySQL dialects
+        make use of a native ``ping()`` method supplied by the DBAPI which does
+        not make use of disconnect codes.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0.0 The :meth:`.DialectEvents.handle_error`
+           event hook participates in connection pool "pre-ping" operations.
+           Within this usage, the :attr:`.ExceptionContext.engine` attribute
+           will be ``None``, however the :class:`.Dialect` in use is always
+           available via the :attr:`.ExceptionContext.dialect` attribute.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0.5 Added :attr:`.ExceptionContext.is_pre_ping`
+           attribute which will be set to ``True`` when the
+           :meth:`.DialectEvents.handle_error` event hook is triggered within
+           a connection pool pre-ping operation.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0.5 An issue was repaired that allows for the
+           PostgreSQL ``psycopg`` and ``psycopg2`` drivers, as well as all
+           MySQL drivers, to properly participate in the
+           :meth:`.DialectEvents.handle_error` event hook during
+           connection pool "pre-ping" operations; previously, the
+           implementation was non-working for these drivers.
+
+
+        A handler function has two options for replacing
+        the SQLAlchemy-constructed exception into one that is user
+        defined.   It can either raise this new exception directly, in
+        which case all further event listeners are bypassed and the
+        exception will be raised, after appropriate cleanup as taken
+        place::
+
+            @event.listens_for(Engine, "handle_error")
+            def handle_exception(context):
+                if isinstance(
+                    context.original_exception, psycopg2.OperationalError
+                ) and "failed" in str(context.original_exception):
+                    raise MySpecialException("failed operation")
+
+        .. warning::  Because the
+           :meth:`_events.DialectEvents.handle_error`
+           event specifically provides for exceptions to be re-thrown as
+           the ultimate exception raised by the failed statement,
+           **stack traces will be misleading** if the user-defined event
+           handler itself fails and throws an unexpected exception;
+           the stack trace may not illustrate the actual code line that
+           failed!  It is advised to code carefully here and use
+           logging and/or inline debugging if unexpected exceptions are
+           occurring.
+
+        Alternatively, a "chained" style of event handling can be
+        used, by configuring the handler with the ``retval=True``
+        modifier and returning the new exception instance from the
+        function.  In this case, event handling will continue onto the
+        next handler.   The "chained" exception is available using
+        :attr:`.ExceptionContext.chained_exception`::
+
+            @event.listens_for(Engine, "handle_error", retval=True)
+            def handle_exception(context):
+                if (
+                    context.chained_exception is not None
+                    and "special" in context.chained_exception.message
+                ):
+                    return MySpecialException(
+                        "failed", cause=context.chained_exception
+                    )
+
+        Handlers that return ``None`` may be used within the chain; when
+        a handler returns ``None``, the previous exception instance,
+        if any, is maintained as the current exception that is passed onto the
+        next handler.
+
+        When a custom exception is raised or returned, SQLAlchemy raises
+        this new exception as-is, it is not wrapped by any SQLAlchemy
+        object.  If the exception is not a subclass of
+        :class:`sqlalchemy.exc.StatementError`,
+        certain features may not be available; currently this includes
+        the ORM's feature of adding a detail hint about "autoflush" to
+        exceptions raised within the autoflush process.
+
+        :param context: an :class:`.ExceptionContext` object.  See this
+         class for details on all available members.
+
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`pool_new_disconnect_codes`
+
+        """
+
+    def do_connect(
+        self,
+        dialect: Dialect,
+        conn_rec: ConnectionPoolEntry,
+        cargs: Tuple[Any, ...],
+        cparams: Dict[str, Any],
+    ) -> Optional[DBAPIConnection]:
+        """Receive connection arguments before a connection is made.
+
+        This event is useful in that it allows the handler to manipulate the
+        cargs and/or cparams collections that control how the DBAPI
+        ``connect()`` function will be called. ``cargs`` will always be a
+        Python list that can be mutated in-place, and ``cparams`` a Python
+        dictionary that may also be mutated::
+
+            e = create_engine("postgresql+psycopg2://user@host/dbname")
+
+
+            @event.listens_for(e, "do_connect")
+            def receive_do_connect(dialect, conn_rec, cargs, cparams):
+                cparams["password"] = "some_password"
+
+        The event hook may also be used to override the call to ``connect()``
+        entirely, by returning a non-``None`` DBAPI connection object::
+
+            e = create_engine("postgresql+psycopg2://user@host/dbname")
+
+
+            @event.listens_for(e, "do_connect")
+            def receive_do_connect(dialect, conn_rec, cargs, cparams):
+                return psycopg2.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`custom_dbapi_args`
+
+        """
+
+    def do_executemany(
+        self,
+        cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        statement: str,
+        parameters: _DBAPIMultiExecuteParams,
+        context: ExecutionContext,
+    ) -> Optional[Literal[True]]:
+        """Receive a cursor to have executemany() called.
+
+        Return the value True to halt further events from invoking,
+        and to indicate that the cursor execution has already taken
+        place within the event handler.
+
+        """
+
+    def do_execute_no_params(
+        self, cursor: DBAPICursor, statement: str, context: ExecutionContext
+    ) -> Optional[Literal[True]]:
+        """Receive a cursor to have execute() with no parameters called.
+
+        Return the value True to halt further events from invoking,
+        and to indicate that the cursor execution has already taken
+        place within the event handler.
+
+        """
+
+    def do_execute(
+        self,
+        cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        statement: str,
+        parameters: _DBAPISingleExecuteParams,
+        context: ExecutionContext,
+    ) -> Optional[Literal[True]]:
+        """Receive a cursor to have execute() called.
+
+        Return the value True to halt further events from invoking,
+        and to indicate that the cursor execution has already taken
+        place within the event handler.
+
+        """
+
+    def do_setinputsizes(
+        self,
+        inputsizes: Dict[BindParameter[Any], Any],
+        cursor: DBAPICursor,
+        statement: str,
+        parameters: _DBAPIAnyExecuteParams,
+        context: ExecutionContext,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Receive the setinputsizes dictionary for possible modification.
+
+        This event is emitted in the case where the dialect makes use of the
+        DBAPI ``cursor.setinputsizes()`` method which passes information about
+        parameter binding for a particular statement.   The given
+        ``inputsizes`` dictionary will contain :class:`.BindParameter` objects
+        as keys, linked to DBAPI-specific type objects as values; for
+        parameters that are not bound, they are added to the dictionary with
+        ``None`` as the value, which means the parameter will not be included
+        in the ultimate setinputsizes call.   The event may be used to inspect
+        and/or log the datatypes that are being bound, as well as to modify the
+        dictionary in place.  Parameters can be added, modified, or removed
+        from this dictionary.   Callers will typically want to inspect the
+        :attr:`.BindParameter.type` attribute of the given bind objects in
+        order to make decisions about the DBAPI object.
+
+        After the event, the ``inputsizes`` dictionary is converted into
+        an appropriate datastructure to be passed to ``cursor.setinputsizes``;
+        either a list for a positional bound parameter execution style,
+        or a dictionary of string parameter keys to DBAPI type objects for
+        a named bound parameter execution style.
+
+        The setinputsizes hook overall is only used for dialects which include
+        the flag ``use_setinputsizes=True``.  Dialects which use this
+        include python-oracledb, cx_Oracle, pg8000, asyncpg, and pyodbc
+        dialects.
+
+        .. note::
+
+            For use with pyodbc, the ``use_setinputsizes`` flag
+            must be passed to the dialect, e.g.::
+
+                create_engine("mssql+pyodbc://...", use_setinputsizes=True)
+
+            .. seealso::
+
+                  :ref:`mssql_pyodbc_setinputsizes`
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.2.9
+
+        .. seealso::
+
+            :ref:`cx_oracle_setinputsizes`
+
+        """
+        pass