Question: What position is the large skin tag excised from circumferentially?

Answer: 12 o'clock position.


Question: What type of suture is used for the horizontal mattress suture?

Answer: 4-0 Vicryl.


Question: What technique is used to excise the hypertrophic papilla and rolled-out margins?

Answer: Electrocautery.


Question: What position is the large hypertrophic papilla and skin tag located?

Answer: 6 o'clock position.


Question: What is used to maintain hemostasis after excision?

Answer: Horizontal mattress suture.


Question: Which nerve is identified and cut during the procedure?

Answer: Marginal mandibular nerve.


Question: What structures are retracted during the dissection at levels 2a and 2b?

Answer: Carotid artery, internal jugular vein, spinal accessory nerve, sternocleidomastoid muscle, external jugular vein, and greater auricular nerve.


Question: Which muscle becomes visible after the pre-vertebral area is mentioned?

Answer: Omohyoid muscle.


Question: Up to which anatomical level is the dissection extended beneath the omohyoid muscle?

Answer: Level 4.


Question: What is the first surgical procedure performed?

Answer: Tonsillectomy.


Question: What anatomical structure is preserved during the tonsillectomy?

Answer: Mucosa of the anterior and posterior pillars.


Question: What is removed to facilitate suspension after the tonsillectomy?

Answer: Supratoncellular fat.


Question: Where is the first suspension suture placed?

Answer: From the pterygoid hamulus to the upper part of the palatopharyngeal muscle.


Question: What method is used to shorten the uvula during uvuloplasty?

Answer: Bipolar coagulation.


Question: How is the uvula wound closed after shortening it?

Answer: With a single mattress suture.


Question: What type of sutures are used to close the tonsillar fossa wounds?

Answer: Figure-of-eight sutures.


Question: What tool is used to demonstrate the depth of the pits?

Answer: Probe.


Question: What is the shape of the incision made around the sinus opening?

Answer: Elliptical.


Question: Which instrument is employed for hemostasis?

Answer: Cutting darthemi.


Question: How is the superficial depth of the sinus tract confirmed?

Answer: Using a probe.


Question: What is inspected for any side branches in the wound?

Answer: Interior of the wound.


Question: What type of stitch is used for closure in this case?

Answer: Mattress stitch with threonylon.


Question: What type of tissue is noted to be healthy surrounding the site?

Answer: Adipose tissue.


Question: What instrument was used to close the aneurotomy?

Answer: Echelon Flex GST system.


Question: What type of reload was used with the endocutter?

Answer: Blue reload.


Question: What type of suture was used for the purse string?

Answer: 2L Proline suture.


Question: What was done after removing the ancillary trocar?

Answer: The distal ileum was repositioned into the pelvic cavity.


Question: Where was the shaft of the Echelon-powered circular stapler introduced?

Answer: Into the rectum.


Question: How was it confirmed that the firing cycle was complete?

Answer: A green check mark appeared below the tissue compression scale.


Question: What was done to check the anastomosis?

Answer: The site was irrigated and checked for integrity.


Question: What instrument is used to harvest the skin graft?

Answer: Dermatome.


Question: Where is the donor site located for the skin graft?

Answer: Lateral thigh.


Question: What substance is applied to the donor site to aid the dermatome's function?

Answer: Mineral oil.


Question: How is the skin graft processed after harvesting?

Answer: Meshed.


Question: What is used to secure the graft on the wound?

Answer: Absorbable sutures.


Question: What device is applied to stabilize the graft during healing?

Answer: Vacuum sponge.


Question: What type of incision is performed during the excision?

Answer: Diamond-shaped excision.


Question: What instrument is used for the excision?

Answer: Electrocautery.


Question: What is used to secure the flap after it is brought into place?

Answer: 2-0 Vicryl sutures.


Question: What type of drain is used in the procedure?

Answer: Closed suction drain.


Question: What technique is used for the final skin closure?

Answer: Running subcuticular 4-0 Monocryl suture.


Question: What type of suture is used for stress relief on the flap?

Answer: Interrupted 4-0 Monocryl sutures.


Question: What is the material used for the final skin cover?

Answer: Dermabond skin glue.


Question: What procedure is performed first on the right axilla?

Answer: Sentinel lymph node biopsy.


Question: What instrument is used to identify sentinel lymph nodes?

Answer: Gamma probe.


Question: What type of incision is made in the right breast?

Answer: Circumareolar incision.


Question: What suture material is used to close the subcutaneous tissue in the axilla?

Answer: 3-0 Vicryl.


Question: How is the dermis closed in the axilla?

Answer: Running 4-0 Monocryl stitch.


Question: What instrument is used for enhanced visualization during the breast dissection?

Answer: Illuminated retractor.


Question: Which quadrant of the breast is predominantly involved in tissue excision?

Answer: Upper outer quadrant.


Question: What structure is included in the removed breast specimen?

Answer: Pectoral fascia.


Question: What anatomical structures are focused on in the final scene?

Answer: Right inferior parathyroid, right superior parathyroid, right recurrent laryngeal nerve.


Question: What procedure is completed in the video?

Answer: Thyroidectomy.


Question: How are the small vessels managed during the procedure?

Answer: Clip ligation.


Question: What was done to accommodate the large right lobe during surgery?

Answer: Muscle cutting.


Question: How many parathyroid glands are preserved in the procedure?

Answer: Four.


Question: What is being used to secure the proximal bowel?

Answer: Purse-string device.


Question: What type of device is the CAR27 compared to?

Answer: Circular devices.


Question: What notable feature is visible as the bow is tied down?

Answer: Purse-string notch.


Question: What surgical instrument is being used?

Answer: Automatic purse string device.


Question: What procedure is being demonstrated in the video?

Answer: Bilateral skin-sparing mastectomy.


Question: What technique is used to dissect the mammary gland from the surrounding tissue?

Answer: Diathermy.


Question: What muscle is excised and labeled medially with a suture?

Answer: Pectoralis major muscle.


Question: What is inserted into the mastectomy cavity during surgery?

Answer: A drain.


Question: What type of prosthesis is placed beneath the pectoralis major muscle?

Answer: Expander prosthesis.


Question: How is the expander prosthesis filled?

Answer: With saline solution.


Question: How is the muscle sutured after placing the prosthesis?

Answer: With a two-layer technique.


Question: What type of flap reconstruction is being performed?

Answer: Closure.


Question: Which anatomical feature is being focused on for the initial examination?

Answer: Dimples over coccyx.


Question: What technique is used to check the tracks of dimples?

Answer: Gentle probing.


Question: What type of incision technique is used in this procedure?

Answer: Midline closure.


Question: What anatomical feature is revealed during the creation of the tissue island?

Answer: Precoccygeal fascia.


Question: What material is injected at the end of the procedure for local anesthesia?

Answer: Expiral.


Question: What is used to cover the wound at the end of the procedure?

Answer: Xeraform.


Question: What type of sutures are used to promote the eversion of skin edges?

Answer: Horizontal mattress sutures.


Question: What is performed after the excision to cleanse the area?

Answer: Antibiotic irrigation.


Question: What is applied to protect the site after the closure?

Answer: Fluff and mesh underwear.


Question: What technique is being used to relax the internal sphincter?

Answer: Laser sphincterotomy.


Question: What energy delivery method is used during the procedure?

Answer: Circular energy delivery.


Question: At what position is mucopexy performed first?

Answer: 3 o'clock position.


Question: What type of fiber is used to introduce energy into the sphincter plane?

Answer: Bell-tip fiber.


Question: What is the procedure being performed with the laser at the 6 o'clock position?

Answer: Mucopexy.


Question: What specific feature is being excised to treat the hemorrhoids?

Answer: Skin tag.


Question: What instrument is used to hold the vaginal wall?

Answer: Allis clamp.


Question: What technique is used for achieving hemostasis?

Answer: Unipolar diathermy.


Question: Which part of the fistula is highlighted upon completing the dissection?

Answer: Rectal component.


Question: What type of sutures are used for closure?

Answer: 3-0 PDS sutures.


Question: What tool is used for debriding the fistula edges?

Answer: Tissue scissors and scalpel.


Question: What is used to ensure adequate exposure of the surgical area?

Answer: Lone Star retractor and elastic stays.


Question: What procedure is being initiated by the surgeon?

Answer: Liposuction.


Question: What type of tissue is being excised during the surgery?

Answer: Glandular tissue.


Question: Through what incision type is the glandular tissue being removed?

Answer: Small areolar incision.


Question: What shape is the surgeon aiming to achieve in the chest contour?

Answer: Linear contour.


Question: What anatomical structure is obstructed by a sialolith?

Answer: Wharton's duct.


Question: What is observed when pressure is applied to the area beneath the tongue?

Answer: Purulent discharge.


Question: What procedure is planned to remove the obstruction?

Answer: Sialolithotomy.


Question: What is the intended effect of applying a numbing agent?

Answer: Anesthesia.


Question: Through what method is the numbing agent administered?

Answer: Lingual nerve block.


Question: What instrument is used to spread over the cyst?

Answer: Small scissors.


Question: What technique is used to cauterize small vessels?

Answer: Electrocautery.


Question: What instrument is used to identify the radial artery?

Answer: Right-angle instrument.


Question: How is the cyst fluid removed after it ruptures?

Answer: Squeezing.


Question: What is isolated with a 15 blade at the wrist joint?

Answer: Stalk of the ganglion cyst.


Question: What type of stitch is used to initially approximate the wound edges?

Answer: 5-0 deep vicryl stitch.


Question: What suture type is preferred for long-term closure?

Answer: Horizontal mattress suture.


Question: What is used to achieve hemostasis after removing the vessel loop?

Answer: Bipolar electrocautery.


Question: What type of flap is used for the lesion excision?

Answer: Rhomboid flap.


Question: What is the surgeon cautious of during the procedure?

Answer: Frontal branch of the facial nerve.


Question: What instrument is used to dissect in the subcutaneous plane?

Answer: Double hooks.


Question: What suture material is used for the deep dermis?

Answer: 5-O Vicryl sutures.


Question: What is done to address the dog ears on the flap?

Answer: Excess tissue is excised.


Question: What suture material is used for the skin closure?

Answer: 6-O Nylon sutures.


Question: What is the outcome showcased at the end of the video?

Answer: Tidy closure and functional reconstruction.


Question: What initial procedure is performed to exclude other pathologies?

Answer: Proctoscopy.


Question: What instrument is used to stretch the fissure transversely?

Answer: Tissue forceps.


Question: What is excised along with the sentinel pile?

Answer: The fissure and its fibrous base.


Question: What part of the anal anatomy is exposed during excision?

Answer: Internal sphincter's circular fibers.


Question: At what position is the internal sphincter cut?

Answer: 6 o'clock position.


Question: What type of sutures is used to align the tissues post-excision?

Answer: Simple sutures.


Question: What is occasionally required to stop an arterial bleeder?

Answer: Separate ligation.


Question: What is used for dressing the anus after suturing?

Answer: Liquid paraffin gauze.


Question: What surgical procedure is being demonstrated?

Answer: Areola reconstruction.


Question: What tool is used to assist with orientation during stitching?

Answer: Tattooing.


Question: What is being removed during the initial stage of the procedure?

Answer: Epidermis.


Question: At what positions are the initial stitches placed to secure the nipple?

Answer: 12, 3, 6, and 9 o'clock positions.


Question: What type of suture is used as a purse string stitch around the nipple?

Answer: Prolene suture.


Question: What is applied to seal the wound at the end of the procedure?

Answer: Tissue glue.


Question: What instrument is used for the rectotomy?

Answer: Monopolar hook.


Question: How is the proctectomy performed simultaneously?

Answer: Transanally and transabdominally.


Question: Which vessel is handled by the second surgical team?

Answer: Inferior mesenteric vessel.


Question: Where are the laparoscopic procedures conducted through?

Answer: Stoma site.


Question: What is injected intravenously to assess tissue perfusion?

Answer: Indocyanine green.


Question: What technique is used to check tissue vascularization?

Answer: Fluorescence angiography.


Question: What instrument is used to construct the pouch?

Answer: Linear stapler.


Question: How is the anastomosis created?

Answer: Double purse-string anastomosis with a circular stapler.


Question: What complication is suspected during the final anastomosis check?

Answer: Pouch ischemia.


Question: What is performed due to intraoperative complications?

Answer: Protective ileostomy.


Question: What instrument is used to create the initial skin incision?

Answer: Scalpel.


Question: What tool is used to delineate the boundaries of the axilla?

Answer: Electrocautery.


Question: What power level is the electrocautery set to when coagulating a small vessel?

Answer: 3.


Question: What structure is the dissection moving towards after retracting tissue?

Answer: Axillary vein.


Question: What is identified by the surgeon as a potentially positive structure?

Answer: Lymph node.


Question: What anatomical plane is excised laterally?

Answer: Lateral plane.


Question: Which bundle is the dissection plane superficial to?

Answer: Thoracodorsal bundle.


Question: What type of drainage device is positioned at the site?

Answer: Blake drain.


Question: What type of suture is used to close the fascia?

Answer: 3-0 Vicryl.


Question: What material is the plate made of?

Answer: Stainless steel.


Question: What region of the mandible is being connected with the plate?

Answer: Symphysal and angle region.


Question: What is done to the excess length of the plate?

Answer: Trimmed and removed.


Question: What is being sutured in the video?

Answer: Oral mucosa.


Question: What type of knot is used in the suturing?

Answer: Reverse knot.


Question: What sample is obtained for analysis?

Answer: Soft tissue sample.


Question: What is achieved before obtaining the tissue sample?

Answer: Hemostasis.


Question: What skin closure method was used in the surgery?

Answer: Stapler.


Question: What instrument was used to make the initial incision?

Answer: 15 mm blade.


Question: Which anatomical structure was displaced due to glandular enlargement?

Answer: Trachea.


Question: What was observed to be adherent to the thyroid gland intraoperatively?

Answer: Tracheoesophageal groove.


Question: Which muscles were dissected and separated at the midline?

Answer: Strap muscles.


Question: What specific artery was visualized and secured during the procedure?

Answer: Inferior thyroid artery.


Question: What type of procedure is being outlined?

Answer: Low anterior resection.


Question: What specific action is being performed with the surgical gun?

Answer: Inserted gently.


Question: Which anatomical segment is involved in the anastomosis?

Answer: Left colon.


Question: What principle is emphasized regarding the anastomosis?

Answer: No tension.


Question: What is injected to confirm proximity to the lymph node?

Answer: Blue dye.


Question: Which anatomical area becomes visible when blue dye is present?

Answer: Pectoral fascia.


Question: What anatomical transition is identified by a smooth and glistening appearance?

Answer: Transition from subcutaneous to axillary fat.


Question: Which part of the body becomes part of the procedure when dissecting to reveal lymphatics?

Answer: Axilla.


Question: What is the initial position of the patient's arm during the procedure?

Answer: Above the patient's head.


Question: What is the appearance of lymph nodes when found?

Answer: Distinctly blue.


Question: Which fascia layer is dissected to access the tract?

Answer: Pectoral fascia.


Question: What is being removed in the gynecomastia surgery?

Answer: Fat and glandular tissue.


Question: Where are the incisional markings located?

Answer: Inferior portion of the areola.


Question: What is the purpose of the introduced fluid?

Answer: To ensure symmetry and minimize bleeding.


Question: How is bleeding minimized during the surgery?

Answer: Using epinephrine in the fluid.


Question: What action is the assistant expected to perform?

Answer: Massage the area.


Question: What type of incisions are being created for removal and sculpting?

Answer: Small stab incisions.


Question: What is applied to the area after preparing it with a circular motion?

Answer: Lidocaine with epinephrine.


Question: What is used to cover the site during the injection process?

Answer: Gauze.


Question: What is observed due to epinephrine application?

Answer: Blanching.


Question: What additional medication is administered if numbness is insufficient?

Answer: Numbing medication.


Question: What procedure is performed when the infected area begins to drain efficiently?

Answer: Small incision.


Question: What instrument is used to help remove the capsule from the infected cyst?

Answer: Forceps.


Question: What is inserted into the site after pus evacuation?

Answer: Packing material.


Question: What condition is being observed on the patient's heel?

Answer: Eschar.


Question: What is the state of the eschar in the video?

Answer: Intact.


Question: What surgical procedure is demonstrated in the video?

Answer: Rectal aversion with coloanal anastomosis.


Question: What surgical system is used during the procedure?

Answer: Da Vinci S surgical system.


Question: What vessels are ligated during the procedure?

Answer: Inferior mesenteric artery.


Question: What instrument is used for transecting the proximal sigmoid colon and mesocolon?

Answer: Endo GIA staplers.


Question: What retractor is used during the repair of the colonic remnant?

Answer: Lone Star Retractor.


Question: How is the rectal stump evered through the anus?

Answer: By retracting the circular stapler.


Question: What type of suture is used for repairing the colonic remnant?

Answer: Interrupted absorbable sutures.


Question: How is the position of the colon reviewed?

Answer: Laparoscopically.


Question: What final procedure is performed at the end of the surgery?

Answer: Diverting ileostomy.


Question: What dye is used to identify sentinel nodes visually?

Answer: Isosulfane blue dye.


Question: Which device is used to detect radiotracer activity?

Answer: Gamma scanner.


Question: Where does the incision take place?

Answer: Axilla.


Question: How are the sentinel nodes identified visually during dissection?

Answer: Blue staining.


Question: What is the shape of the sentinel nodes as observed?

Answer: Chain-like structure.


Question: What happens to the sentinel nodes after they are excised?

Answer: Scanned ex vivo.


Question: What ensures there are no remaining sentinel nodes at the surgical site after removal?

Answer: Rescanning for radiotracer activity.


Question: What position is the patient in during the surgery?

Answer: Lithotomy.


Question: What incision is made initially?

Answer: Transverse perineal incision.


Question: Which anatomical plane is being dissected in the video?

Answer: Rectovaginal plane.


Question: What surgical technique is emphasized for avoiding bleeding during the procedure?

Answer: Meticulous hemostasis.


Question: What structure is the anterior rectal wall being separated from?

Answer: Posterior vaginal wall.


Question: Which muscle's defect is identified and isolated during the procedure?

Answer: External anal sphincter.


Question: Which muscle is involved in the repair using transverse mattress sutures?

Answer: Pubococcygeus muscle.


Question: What material is used to reinforce the sutures in the muscle repair?

Answer: Biological mesh.


Question: What type of repair is conducted on the anterior anal sphincter?

Answer: Overlapping anterior anal sphincter repair.


Question: What is used to close the subcutaneous tissue and overlying skin?

Answer: Interrupted Vicryl stitches.


Question: What position is the patient in during the surgery?

Answer: Prone jackknife position.


Question: What anatomical structure is the rectal advancement flap mobilized along?

Answer: Left levators.


Question: Where is the fistula located?

Answer: Left side of the rectovaginal septum.


Question: What technique is used to reinforce the vaginal reconstruction?

Answer: Plication of the pliable vagina.


Question: What type of sutures are used to reinforce the vaginal repair?

Answer: 3O absorbable sutures.


Question: What is the purpose of the rectal advancement flap mobilization?

Answer: Tension-free reconstruction.


Question: How is the dissection within the rectovaginal septum described in terms of vascular supply?

Answer: Within the bloodless plane.


Question: What is visible after trimming the apex of the rectal advancement flap?

Answer: Excellent blood supply.


Question: What incision technique is used in the procedure?

Answer: Curved incision.


Question: What instrument is used for applying traction on the cyst?

Answer: Hemostatic forceps.


Question: What is revealed after splitting the muscle vertically along the midline?

Answer: Dermoid cyst.


Question: What is checked after the cyst is removed?

Answer: Injuries to the mucous membrane.


Question: What is placed beneath the muscle layer before closing the wound?

Answer: Drain.


Question: What procedure is demonstrated on the specimen at the end?

Answer: Incision to reveal contents.


Question: What tool is used to detect radiotracer activity during the procedure?

Answer: Handheld gamma scanner.


Question: Which area is marked for the incision based on radiotracer activity?

Answer: Axilla.


Question: What visible change occurs at the injection site after dye injection?

Answer: Presence of blue dye.


Question: What guides the localization of sentinel nodes during the procedure?

Answer: Radiotracer activity and blue dye.


Question: What is dissected from surrounding tissue during the surgery?

Answer: Sentinel nodes.


Question: What appearance do the sentinel nodes have once located?

Answer: Appear as a group in a chain.


Question: What confirms the presence of radiotracer activity in dissected nodes?

Answer: Gamma scanner scan.


Question: What is being illustrated in the final MRI image?

Answer: Fistula.


Question: What type of fistula is shown in the video?

Answer: Rectovaginal fistula.


Question: What muscle is visible between the identified structures?

Answer: Mylohyoid muscle.


Question: What risk is associated with damaging the thyrohyoid membrane?

Answer: Fistula formation.


Question: What is identified centrally through the incision as the surgery progresses to the lower regions?

Answer: Trachea.


Question: What procedure is being illustrated for removing the pyramidal lobe and cyst?

Answer: Cyst excision.


Question: What cartilage becomes evident with the thyrohyoid membrane bulging?

Answer: Thyroid cartilage.


Question: What anatomical structure is identified as having significant adhesions due to previous inflammation?

Answer: The cyst.


Question: What part of the thyroid is noted to be thin in the video?

Answer: Isthmus.


Question: Which muscles are plainly visible during the procedure near the trachea?

Answer: Cricothyroid muscles.


Question: What procedure is being performed to treat the pilonidal disease?

Answer: Excision and reconstruction


Question: What reconstructive technique is used in the surgery?

Answer: Bilateral fasciocutaneous collicular flap


Question: What anatomical structure is resection down to, according to the video?

Answer: Precoccygeal fascia


Question: What is removed during the excision?

Answer: Devitalized tissue


Question: What is being removed on the right side of the patient?

Answer: Recalled implant.


Question: What type of implant is being placed on the right side?

Answer: Round, smooth implant.


Question: What is being removed from the left side of the patient?

Answer: Tissue expander.


Question: What feature does the tissue expander have for magnetic location?

Answer: Port with a metal backing.


Question: What is the volume of the silicone implant inserted on the left side?

Answer: 650 cc.


Question: What is the intended purpose of over-expansion before implant placement?

Answer: To prevent tension upon closure.


Question: What position is the patient in during the procedure?

Answer: Lithotomy position.


Question: Which muscle is aligned vertically above for the skin flap design?

Answer: Rectus abdominis muscle.


Question: What instrument is used to cut around the flap?

Answer: Electrocautery.


Question: Which artery is identified to supply blood to the flap?

Answer: Inferior epigastric artery.


Question: What is placed into the pelvic space to assist with drainage?

Answer: Closed-section drainage catheters.


Question: What type of sutures is used to suture the rectus abdominal sheath?

Answer: Interrupted polypropylene sutures.


Question: What does the red arrow highlight?

Answer: Stenosis.


Question: What does the blue arrow indicate?

Answer: Accessory vein.


Question: What procedure is shown in the final result?

Answer: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.


Question: What is the appearance of the surgically removed colon segment?

Answer: Telescoped.


Question: What instruments are used to prevent movement of the colon segment?

Answer: Babcock clamps.


Question: What direction are the stitches placed for the colostomy procedure?

Answer: North-south.


Question: How many stitches are used for stabilization in the colostomy procedure?

Answer: Two.


Question: What part of the procedure involves ensuring the colon doesn't retract into the abdomen?

Answer: Placing two stabilization stitches.


Question: What type of carcinoma is being addressed in the surgery?

Answer: Oral squamous cell carcinoma.


Question: Where is the carcinoma lesion located in the mouth?

Answer: Right side, involving the alveolus, gingiva, sulcus, and bone.


Question: What type of neck dissection is being performed?

Answer: Modified neck dissection.


Question: Which anatomical area is initially focused on during the neck dissection?

Answer: Submandibular nodes.


Question: Which vein is spared during the neck dissection?

Answer: Internal jugular vein.


Question: What is being highlighted during the submandibular region dissection?

Answer: Digastric tendon.


Question: What artery is ligated and incised during the mandible section of the surgery?

Answer: Facial artery.


Question: How are the nodes removed during the neck dissection?

Answer: En masse.


Question: What temporary measure is applied to determine the correct plate length for mandibular reconstruction?

Answer: Wiring.


Question: How is the mucosa incised in relation to the mandible?

Answer: Intraorally, with a symphyseal cut on the anterior and a cut on the posterior angle.


Question: What structure is excised along with the submandibular nodes?

Answer: Mandible.


Question: What instruments are used to make the skin incision?

Answer: Monopolar electrocautery in cutting mode.


Question: What anatomical structure is preserved but not yet ligated during the procedure?

Answer: External jugular vein.


Question: What is used to maintain traction on the upper flap?

Answer: Hooks.


Question: What anatomical structure is identified across its full width?

Answer: Platysma.


Question: What method is used for counter-traction during flap elevation?

Answer: Swab pressed against the neck.


Question: Which nerve is used as a guide to prevent incorrect dissection?

Answer: Greater auricular nerve.


Question: What anatomical structure serves as a landmark in many subsequent dissection steps?

Answer: Parotid gland.


Question: What is used to ensure optimal exposure during the neck dissection?

Answer: Four hooks on elastic bands forming a hexagon.


Question: What instrument is used to puncture the mucosa?

Answer: Cataract knife.


Question: What is being divided after the mucosa is punctured?

Answer: Internal sphincter.


Question: What happens to the internal sphincter during the procedure?

Answer: It is divided.


Question: What procedure is being performed?

Answer: DLPL procedure.


Question: What does probing of the fistulous tract reveal?

Answer: Connection with another area.


Question: What is excised after discharge of purulent material?

Answer: Abscess cavity.


Question: Which anatomical area does the scoop exploration reveal connections to?

Answer: Ischiorectal space and supralevator space.


Question: What is visualized before closing the internal opening?

Answer: Internal sphincter.


Question: What technique is used to close the internal opening?

Answer: Port closure technique.


Question: What happens due to the large abscess cavity?

Answer: Enlargement of the external opening.


Question: How many external openings are present in the trans-perineal fistula?

Answer: Five external openings.


Question: How many abscess cavities are associated with the fistula?

Answer: Five abscess cavities.


Question: What anatomical areas show irregular wall thickening?

Answer: Anal verge, anal canal, and lower rectum.


Question: What pathological finding is associated with wall thickening?

Answer: Necrosis.


Question: What is observed surrounding the affected area?

Answer: Fat stranding.


Question: What is being identified at the site of the surgery?

Answer: Hematoma.


Question: What action is taken after cutting open the sutures?

Answer: Cavity washing.


Question: What technique is used to achieve hemostasis?

Answer: Cautery.


Question: What action is performed on the vessels?

Answer: Mobilization.


Question: What surgical technique is being used to address the scar contracture?

Answer: Z-plasty.


Question: What instrument is being used for the initial dissection of the scar?

Answer: 15-blade scalpel.


Question: What anatomical structure is exposed on the radial side after dissection?

Answer: Digital nerve.


Question: What instrument is used for dissecting proximally and distally to free the nerve?

Answer: Littler scissors.


Question: What happens to the finger after the flaps naturally reposition?

Answer: Finger extends and relaxes.


Question: What is the final step completed to ensure the surgical correction of the finger?

Answer: Suturing.


Question: What type of cyst is being operated on?

Answer: Thyroglossal duct cyst.


Question: What instrument is used to divide fascias during the procedure?

Answer: Monopolar diathermy.


Question: What muscle is elevated from the sides of the cyst?

Answer: Sternohyoid muscle.


Question: How is the incision first marked on the patient?

Answer: In a skin crease.


Question: Which instrument is used to transect the hyoid bone?

Answer: Bone-cutting forceps.


Question: What is the initial step in the surgical procedure?

Answer: Incision.


Question: Which gland is being dissected away from the trachea?

Answer: Left thyroid gland.


Question: What anatomical structure is isolated from the thyroid during the procedure?

Answer: Isthmus.


Question: What critical nerve is preserved during surgery?

Answer: Recurrent laryngeal nerve.


Question: Which artery is targeted and sectioned during the procedure?

Answer: Superior thyroid artery.


Question: What is examined along with the thyroid nodule?

Answer: Inferior parathyroid gland.


Question: What structure is located just beneath the nerve responsible for the voice box?

Answer: White structure.


Question: What lobe is repositioned to connect with the isthmus?

Answer: Pyramidal lobe.


Question: What direction is the dissection process continuing in?

Answer: Cranial direction.


Question: What instrument is used to secure glandular tissue during avulsion?

Answer: Hemostat.


Question: What salivary glands are removed during the procedure?

Answer: Sublingual and mandibular glands.


Question: What happens to the salivary duct during the procedure?

Answer: It is clamped and cut.


Question: Which nerve is noted to curve around the salivary duct?

Answer: Lingual nerve.


Question: What technique is used to manage the avulsed area of the sublingual gland?

Answer: Ligation.


Question: What condition is being visually assessed in the video?

Answer: Unilateral gynecomastia.


Question: Which side of the chest shows fullness with breast-like features?

Answer: Affected side.


Question: What feature is wider on the affected side compared to the normal side?

Answer: Nipple-areola complex.


Question: What is the main objective of the treatment?

Answer: Symmetry between both sides of the chest.


Question: How is the tissue on the affected side compared to the normal side?

Answer: Significantly thicker.


Question: What instrument is used for the dissection along the left white line of Toldt?

Answer: 5mm harmonic scalpel.


Question: How is retraction achieved in the procedure?

Answer: Using a 10mm Babcock grasping forceps.


Question: Which vein and artery are visualized after identifying the ureter?

Answer: Left iliac vein and artery.


Question: What tool is used to transect the inferior mesenteric artery?

Answer: 35mm vascular endoscopic linear cutter.


Question: How is traction provided during the procedure?

Answer: With a Babcock forceps held in the surgeon's left hand.


Question: What complication is considered when delineating the plane between the rectum and vagina?

Answer: Avoiding inadvertent vaginotomy or proctotomy.


Question: What instrument is being used for the incision?

Answer: Scalpel.


Question: What technique is initially used for hemostasis?

Answer: Pressure application.


Question: What is preserved to minimize risk of seroma formation?

Answer: Fat.


Question: What orientation is maintained for the incision throughout the procedure?

Answer: Vertical orientation.


Question: What pathological condition is being addressed in the procedure?

Answer: Pilonidal disease.


Question: What structure needs to be preserved as the first suturing layer?

Answer: Post-sacral fascia.


Question: What aspect of the excision is sharp and angled?

Answer: Lateral side.


Question: What is avoided at the caudal aspect to prevent complications?

Answer: Damaging the sphincteric complex.


Question: What type of lesions are being treated?

Answer: Mucocele.


Question: What is the initial step in the treatment of the lesion?

Answer: Local anesthesia infiltration.


Question: What instrument is used to separate the lesion from surrounding tissue?

Answer: Scissors.


Question: What material is used for closure after the lesion removal?

Answer: Vicryl sutures.


Question: What is the purpose of placing the lesion in 10% formalin?

Answer: Histological examination.


Question: What instrument is used to elevate the umbilical skin fold?

Answer: Alice forceps.


Question: Which incision type is made on the skin?

Answer: Vertical infraumbilical incision.


Question: What tool is used to bluntly dissect the subcutaneous tissue?

Answer: Curved hemostat.


Question: Which forceps are used to grasp the fascia?

Answer: Coker forceps.


Question: What angle is the hemostat inserted through the fascia?

Answer: 45-degree angle.


Question: What instrument is used to make an incision in the fascia?

Answer: Scalpel with a number 11 blade.


Question: What is introduced through the fascial incision after extending it?

Answer: 5-millimeter blunt-tip trocar.


Question: How far is the trocar advanced into the peritoneal cavity?

Answer: 3 to 4 centimeters.


Question: What instrument is inserted into the peritoneal cavity after removing the trocar?

Answer: 5-millimeter laparoscope.


Question: What instrument is used to retract the anus?

Answer: Lone Star retractor.


Question: What solution is injected submucosally?

Answer: Solution with xylocaine, bupivacaine, and epinephrine.


Question: What technique is used for the circumferential incision?

Answer: Diathermy.


Question: What anatomical space is dissected first to full thickness?

Answer: Presacral space.


Question: Which anatomical junction is identified for constructing a colonic J pouch?

Answer: Sigmoid-descending colon junction.


Question: What type of incision is made at the pouch's apex?

Answer: Anti-mesenteric incision.


Question: What type of sutures are used for the anastomosis?

Answer: Horizontal mattress sutures and simple sutures.


Question: What instrument is used to separate the incision at the pouch's apex?

Answer: Babcock clamps.


Question: What is inserted into the pouch to confirm its openness?

Answer: Finger.


Question: What instrument is mentioned as an option for use after creating the J pouch?

Answer: Stapler.


Question: What anatomical structure is identified in the video?

Answer: Thyroid gland.


Question: Which muscles are noted on both sides?

Answer: Sternocleidomastoid muscles.


Question: What is the focus of the procedure after highlighting the midline?

Answer: Cervical fascia.


Question: Which muscles are abducted during the procedure?

Answer: Strap muscles.


Question: What instrument is used to open the wound?

Answer: Lone Star Retractor.


Question: What is the target of mobilization during the dissection?

Answer: Sphincter.


Question: What ensures lateral mobilization is adequate?

Answer: Minimum overlap of muscle edges by 2 cm.


Question: What type of stitches are used for suturing the muscle?

Answer: U-stitches.


Question: What material is used for suturing the muscle?

Answer: Absorbable monofilament.


Question: What is avoided during lateral dissection to prevent damage?

Answer: Damage to the anal nerves.


Question: What instrument is being used to locate the tracer signal?

Answer: Geiger counter.


Question: What indicates the location of the lymph node during dissection?

Answer: Blue-colored tissue.


Question: What area is examined with the Geiger counter to locate the incision site?

Answer: Axillary region.


Question: What color is the lymph node that is identified and excised?

Answer: Blue.


Question: What is carefully managed during the lymph node excision process?

Answer: Small vein.


Question: What muscle's posterior border is followed for exposure?

Answer: Sternocleidomastoid muscle.


Question: Which vein is positioned downward during the procedure?

Answer: External jugular vein.


Question: What muscle is being located in the subcutaneous plane?

Answer: Trapezius muscle.


Question: What type of incision is made around the orifices?

Answer: Incision around infiltrated orifices.


Question: What structures are excised during the surgery?

Answer: Skin, subcutaneous fat, sinus tracts.


Question: What anatomical structure is avoided during the excision of the sinus?

Answer: Anal sphincter.


Question: What muscle's fascia is incised during the procedure?

Answer: Gluteus maximus.


Question: What is inserted at the bottom of the wound?

Answer: Drainage tube.


Question: How is the mobilized fascia secured?

Answer: Sutured along the midline.


Question: What type of dressing is applied after the procedure?

Answer: Septic dressing.


Question: What substance is used to stain the fistula tract?

Answer: Methylene blue.


Question: What instrument is inserted through the fistula tract?

Answer: Lacrimal duct probe.


Question: What is used to protect the rectum from the biopsy punch?

Answer: Moistened sponge.


Question: What size is the biopsy punch used for the excision?

Answer: 6-millimeter.


Question: What type of sutures are applied after the excision?

Answer: Horizontal figure-of-eight sutures.


Question: Which anatomical structure is exposed?

Answer: Ear.


Question: Which anatomical muscle is mentioned in positioning?

Answer: Sternocleidomastoid muscle.


Question: What instrument is first inserted into the sinus cavity?

Answer: Serrated probe.


Question: What procedure is performed to ensure complete removal of sinus contents?

Answer: Curettage.


Question: What solution is used to irrigate the cavity?

Answer: Sterile saline with gentamicin.


Question: What combination is prepared for injection into the sinus?

Answer: Thrombin-gelatin matrix.


Question: How is the thrombin-gelatin matrix injected into the sinus?

Answer: Retrogradely during applicator withdrawal.


Question: What type of sutures are used to close the sinus openings?

Answer: Non-absorbable sutures.


Question: What is applied over the sinus site at the end of the procedure?

Answer: Pressure dressing.


Question: What is the initial step after the prolapse becomes visible?

Answer: Reducing the prolapse and placing the Circular Anal Director.


Question: Where are the stay sutures initially applied?

Answer: 12 o'clock, 3 o'clock, and 9 o'clock positions.


Question: What is separated in the next step of the procedure?

Answer: Posterior rectal mucosa from the anterior component.


Question: What instrument is used after the separation of mucosa?

Answer: Stapler device.


Question: What procedure involves the removal of a full-thickness segment?

Answer: Full-thickness anterior rectal resection.


Question: How many staplers are planned for use in this procedure?

Answer: Three staplers.


Question: What is visible to indicate a completed full-thickness resection?

Answer: Yellow peri-rectal fat.


Question: At what position is the third staple placed?

Answer: 3 o'clock position.


Question: Where is the staple line visualized?

Answer: 1 cm above the dentate line.


Question: What action is performed to check successful reduction of the prolapse?

Answer: Asking the patient to strain or cough.


Question: What substance is applied on a gauze pad during the preparation?

Answer: Betadine.


Question: What type of anesthetic technique is used on the skin?

Answer: Anesthetization.


Question: What is discharged from the posterior fistula opening?

Answer: Pus.


Question: What pathological finding is being drained from the distal superficial fistula?

Answer: Pus.


Question: What is being biopsied for dysplasia?

Answer: Granulation tissue.


Question: What instrument is used that is described as very hemostatic?

Answer: Munsells.


Question: What electric device is used in conjunction with the hemostatic instruments?

Answer: Hyphrocator.


Question: What procedure is performed to examine the granulation tissue?

Answer: Biopsy.


Question: What is allowed to granulate in as a subsequent step?

Answer: Fistula lining.


Question: What direction are the abdominal organs retracted towards?

Answer: Right cranial side.


Question: What is used to cover the organs for protection?

Answer: Gauze.


Question: What anatomical structures are being freed from attachments?

Answer: Omentum.


Question: What method is used to assess the sigmoid colon?

Answer: Palpation and visual inspection.


Question: What type of retractor is used during the procedure?

Answer: InVuity illuminated retractors.


Question: What type of incision approach is used for the biopsy?

Answer: Inframammary crease incision.


Question: What suture material is used in the procedure?

Answer: 3-0 vicryl sutures.


Question: What anatomical structure is clearly identified multiple times?

Answer: Common carotid artery.


Question: Which nerve is visible near the brachial plexus?

Answer: Phrenic nerve.


Question: What gland is visualized during the procedure?

Answer: Submandibular gland.


Question: Which muscle is located beneath the posterior belly of the digastric muscle?

Answer: Stylohyoid muscle.


Question: What surgical procedure is being performed?

Answer: Selective neck dissection.


Question: Which vein is identified alongside the internal jugular vein?

Answer: Common facial vein.


Question: Which nerve is adjacent to level 2B in the video?

Answer: Spinal accessory nerve.


Question: Which anatomical structure is exposed during the left neck dissection?

Answer: Digastric muscle.


Question: What anatomical plane serves as the guide during the tissue liberation?

Answer: Cervical plexus branches.


Question: What sheath is the lymph node-containing tissue freed over?

Answer: Carotid sheath.


Question: Which nerve is safe-guarded by dissecting inferior to the digastric muscle?

Answer: Hypoglossal nerve.


Question: What tool is used to divide branching vessels?

Answer: Diathermy.


Question: What is the surgeon carefully inspecting?

Answer: Infected area.


Question: What is being cut from the adjacent tissue?

Answer: Appendix.


Question: What is the size of the incision being made?

Answer: 2-3 inches.


Question: Where is the incision made during the procedure?

Answer: Lower right abdomen.


Question: What shape is used to open the cavity during the procedure?

Answer: Cross shape.


Question: What type of blade is used in the procedure?

Answer: Number 11 blade.


Question: What is inserted to ensure removal of pus and debris?

Answer: A finger.


Question: What solutions are used for cleaning during the procedure?

Answer: Hydrogen peroxide and Betadine.


Question: Which side's blood vessels are drained during the procedure?

Answer: Right side.


Question: What type of drain is being used?

Answer: Jackson Pratt drain.


Question: Where does the drain exit the incision?

Answer: Most ventral portion.


Question: What anatomical structure is incised after the subcutaneous fat?

Answer: External oblique aponeurosis.


Question: What artery is dissected and elevated during the procedure?

Answer: Accessory hepatic artery.


Question: What instrument is used to extract stones from the common bile duct?

Answer: Randall's stone forceps.


Question: What is placed in the common bile duct after stone extraction?

Answer: 16 French T-tube.


Question: What type of sutures are used to close the choledochotomy?

Answer: Interrupted 3-0 vicryl sutures.


Question: What position is the patient in during the thyroidectomy preparation?

Answer: Supine.


Question: What patient configuration is used to achieve optimal surgical exposure?

Answer: Lawn chair configuration.


Question: How are the patient's arms positioned during the procedure?

Answer: Tucked.


Question: What device is applied to the patient's legs during the procedure?

Answer: Sequential compression devices (SCDs).


Question: What head support is used for the patient during the procedure?

Answer: Cushion donut.


Question: In what direction is the head of the bed tilted?

Answer: Downward.


Question: What type of incision is made during the surgery?

Answer: Collar incision.


Question: Which muscle is retracted posteriorly during the dissection?

Answer: Sternocleidomastoid muscle.


Question: What is used to grip the cyst for dissection?

Answer: Forceps.


Question: What technique is used to avoid damaging major vessels?

Answer: Blunt dissection.


Question: Which muscle is visible during the surgery?

Answer: Strap muscles.


Question: What vein is cauterized and cut during the procedure?

Answer: External jugular vein.


Question: What instrument is used to enlarge the skin incision?

Answer: Mosquito forceps.


Question: What structure is the wound dilated up to?

Answer: Rectus muscle.


Question: What type of trocar is introduced?

Answer: Pyramidal septum trocar.


Question: What is introduced after the trocar is in place?

Answer: Telescope.


Question: Which muscle is being navigated through during the procedure?

Answer: Platysma muscle.


Question: What instrument is being used for the surgery?

Answer: Monopolar diathermy.


Question: What additional device is used alongside the monopolar diathermy?

Answer: Smoke evacuator.


Question: Which nerve is identified without paralyzing the patient?

Answer: Marginal nerve.


Question: What major vein is identified during the operation?

Answer: External jugular vein.


Question: Which nerve is kept intact during the surgery?

Answer: Greater auricular nerve.


Question: What instrument is being inserted into the sinus opening?

Answer: Probe.


Question: What instrument is used to cauterize bleeding vessels?

Answer: Bovie electrocautery.


Question: What procedure is Mr. Varenda Satyarthi performing?

Answer: Vein extraction.


Question: What muscle is bisected at the midline?

Answer: Sternohyoid muscle.


Question: Which vein is identified on the left caudal side?

Answer: Anterior jugular vein.


Question: What structure interconnects the left and right anterior jugular veins?

Answer: Jugular arch.


Question: What action is performed to prevent hemorrhage from the jugular arch?

Answer: Ligation.


Question: Which muscles are elevated together?

Answer: Sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles.


Question: Which artery is accessed during the procedure?

Answer: Carotid artery.


Question: What gland are the sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles dissected from?

Answer: Thyroid gland.


Question: What type of incision is initially made?

Answer: Upward arched incision.


Question: Which muscle is dissected during the procedure?

Answer: Sternocleidomastoid muscle.


Question: Which vein is identified and transected at the bifurcation level?

Answer: Internal jugular vein.


Question: What is exposed as a result of the dissection?

Answer: Carotid artery.


Question: What anatomical area contains the pathological lymph nodes identified?

Answer: Subdigastric area.


Question: Which gland is excised along with lymph nodes in regions 1A and 1B?

Answer: Submandibular gland.


Question: Which muscle defines the boundaries of the dissection?

Answer: Omohyoid muscle.


Question: What anatomical structure is highlighted in association with the inferior thyroid artery?

Answer: Recurrent laryngeal nerve.


Question: What is observed about the inferior thyroid artery?

Answer: Surprisingly large.


Question: What technique is used to control blood flow to the targeted area?

Answer: Clamping the vessel.


Question: What is crucial for understanding the anatomy around this region?

Answer: Locating the recurrent structure.


Question: What is the focus of the observation in the video?

Answer: Eschar.


Question: What are the margins of the eschar described as?

Answer: Highlighted.


Question: What type of incision is made initially in the procedure?

Answer: Cruciate incision.


Question: What instrument is used to lift the skin edges?

Answer: Toothed forceps.


Question: Which instrument is used to deepen the incision after the cruciate incision is made?

Answer: Diathermy.


Question: What is used to excise a cone of fat in the procedure?

Answer: Alice forceps.


Question: What retractors are used to expose the anterior rectus sheath?

Answer: Langenbeck retractors.


Question: What instrument is used to incise the anterior rectus sheath?

Answer: Scalpel.


Question: Which instrument separates the rectus abdominis fibers?

Answer: Macindoe scissors.


Question: What is carefully incised to enter the peritoneal cavity?

Answer: Peritoneum.


Question: What anatomical feature confirms the bowel type during the procedure?

Answer: Appendices epiploicae and tinea.


Question: What is used to incise a third of the bowel's circumference?

Answer: Diathermy.


Question: What is the suture type used to fix the open bowel wall to the skin?

Answer: 2-0 braided absorbable suture.


Question: What instrument is used to secure the fissure during the procedure?

Answer: Alice's tissue forceps.


Question: What pathological finding is excised along with the fissure?

Answer: Sentinel pile.


Question: What anatomical structure is incised at the 6 o'clock position?

Answer: Internal sphincter.


Question: How are the skin and mucosa sutured to avoid narrowing?

Answer: Transversely.


Question: What is applied to the area after suturing for dressing?

Answer: Liquid paraffin gauze.


Question: What instrument is used on the perforators?

Answer: Diathermy.


Question: What is the thickness of the flap as observed?

Answer: Thicker than 1 centimeter.


Question: What needs to be divided to position the flap without tension?

Answer: Fibrous strands.


Question: What is done to the wound after the fibrous strands are divided?

Answer: Irrigated.


Question: What is the observed width of the flap?

Answer: 2 centimeters.


Question: Which artery is meticulously separated on the right thyroid side?

Answer: Superior thyroid artery.


Question: What anatomical remnant is identified and excised?

Answer: Pyramidal lobe.


Question: Which gland is carefully separated from the thyroid to preserve crucial tissue?

Answer: Right superior parathyroid gland.


Question: What nerve is identified and protected on the patient's right side?

Answer: Recurrent laryngeal nerve.


Question: What technique is used to prevent bleeding from small blood vessels?

Answer: Bipolar cautery.


Question: How is the left superior thyroid artery isolated?

Answer: To facilitate thyroid mobilization.


Question: Which nerve is identified beneath the left surgical field?

Answer: Sensory nerve.


Question: What vascular structure is visible next to the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

Answer: Right carotid artery.


Question: What procedure is being demonstrated?

Answer: Laser sphincter lysis.


Question: Where is the laser fiber initially introduced?

Answer: 4 o'clock position.


Question: How much energy is delivered to the internal sphincter muscles?

Answer: 100 joules.


Question: What indicates the effectiveness of the procedure?

Answer: Easy insertion of two fingers.


Question: What surgical technique was used to eliminate dead space?

Answer: Quilting stitches.


Question: What is the purpose of dimples observed in the video?

Answer: To eliminate dead space.


Question: What tool was used for gynecomastia treatment without a bovie?

Answer: Vaser.


Question: What types of areas were resistant to removal in the video?

Answer: Masses after treatment.


Question: What role did the vaser tool play in the video?

Answer: Allowed removal without a bovie.


Question: What type of forceps should be used on the umbilical crease?

Answer: Ellipse forceps.


Question: What is used to make a stab wound on the umbilicus?

Answer: 11-blade knife.


Question: What should be examined for proper functionality?

Answer: Spring action of the Veress needle.


Question: How should the Veress needle be held?

Answer: Like a dart by the shaft.


Question: What test is performed to check the Veress needle's placement?

Answer: Hanging drop test.


Question: What indicates misplacement during aspiration?

Answer: Bubbles form.


Question: What is initially visible on the anterior aspect of the neck?

Answer: Pus from a fistula.


Question: What technique is used to expose the fistula tract without injuring the hypoglossal nerve?

Answer: Tunneling.


Question: What is the location of the identified fistula openings?

Answer: Anterior aspect of the lower third of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.


Question: What surgical instrument is used to access the fistula tract intraorally?

Answer: Artery forceps.


Question: What type of incision approach is used for this procedure?

Answer: Stepladder incision.


Question: What suture material is used at the end of the procedure?

Answer: 3-0 white rail sutures.


Question: What medical technique is being demonstrated?

Answer: De-roofing.


Question: What procedure is being performed on the mass?

Answer: Excision.


Question: What technology is used to aid in hemostasis?

Answer: Vaser technology.


Question: How is positioning initially gauged during the excision?

Answer: Using a finger.


Question: What kind of incision is made to excise the mass?

Answer: Minimal incision.


Question: What is done to minimize dead space post-procedure?

Answer: Quilting stitches.


Question: What surgical technique is used to maintain the vascular supply to the nipple-areola complex?

Answer: Medial pedicle.


Question: How is the excess tissue from the lower pole utilized?

Answer: Rotated laterally.


Question: What is used to temporarily close the skin after irrigation?

Answer: Staples.


Question: What is checked in the nipples during the procedure?

Answer: Viability.


Question: What type of sutures are used in the deep dermis closure?

Answer: 3-0 quill and 4-0 monocryl.


Question: What visual check is done with the patient at the end of the procedure?

Answer: Final symmetry evaluation.


Question: What surgical procedure is being documented?

Answer: Cleft lift reconstruction.


Question: What condition was the incision initially targeting?

Answer: Chronically draining sinus.


Question: Which surgical tool was used for longitudinally opening the pilonidal disease?

Answer: Cautery.


Question: What was placed in the wound base to assist with healing?

Answer: Porcine bladder microparticles.


Question: How was the deepest wound portion closed?

Answer: Using absorbable sutures in an interrupted figure-of-eight pattern.


Question: What was used to close the majority of the skin?

Answer: Vertical mattresses with non-absorbable monofilament sutures.


Question: Where were absorbable sutures specifically used to avoid suture removal in an office setting?

Answer: Around the anus.


Question: What substance is seen exiting from the small openings when injected?

Answer: Dye.


Question: What is being removed during the excision?

Answer: Pyruvate sinus.


Question: What is applied to ensure proper healing post-excision?

Answer: Drainage system.


Question: What techniques are being utilized in this procedure?

Answer: LIFT and WAFT.


Question: Where is the retractor placed during the procedure?

Answer: In the anal canal.


Question: What tool is used to facilitate later dissection of the fistula?

Answer: Metal probe.


Question: Which area is identified during the dissection of the fistula tract?

Answer: Intersphincteric space.


Question: What was inserted to explore the fistula tract for secondary branches?

Answer: Fistuloscope.


Question: What was performed to remove necrotic tissue from the fistula tract?

Answer: Curettage.


Question: What solution is used to irrigate the wound?

Answer: Hydrogen peroxide and saline solution.


Question: Where is the sphincterotomy performed in relation to the fistula?

Answer: On the side opposite the fistula.


Question: How is the wound closed at the end of the procedure?

Answer: With absorbable interrupted sutures.


Question: What is excised to promote healing?

Answer: External fistula opening.


Question: What surgical procedure is being performed on the left thyroid gland?

Answer: Thyroidectomy.


Question: What anatomical structure is being preserved during the procedure?

Answer: Left recurrent laryngeal nerve.


Question: Which artery is exposed during the neck dissection?

Answer: Carotid artery.


Question: What type of nerve is observed during the procedure?

Answer: Recurrent laryngeal nerve.


Question: What type of gland is observed during the surgery?

Answer: Parathyroid gland.


Question: What is being conducted on the left side regarding the lymph nodes?

Answer: Lymphadenectomy.


Question: What anatomical structure is the soft tissue mass encroaching upon?

Answer: C5 vertebra.


Question: Which artery is encased and observed to be pulsatile during the surgery?

Answer: Vertebral artery.


Question: What surgical procedure is being performed?

Answer: Lymph node removal.


Question: What anatomical area is initially accessed during the surgery?

Answer: Axillary region.


Question: What technique is used to excise the lymph node?

Answer: Ligature device.


Question: How is minimal blood loss achieved during the procedure?

Answer: Using a ligature device.


Question: What step is taken to locate the targeted lymph node?

Answer: Manual palpation.


Question: What instrument is used to retract the wound and expand the operating space?

Answer: Alexis wound retractor.


Question: What anatomical structure is marked as the site for the loop ileostomy?

Answer: Terminal ileum.


Question: What type of incision is made on the anterior rectus sheath?

Answer: Cruciate incision.


Question: How is the Alexis wound retractor positioned inside the abdomen?

Answer: Rolled into the abdominal cavity.


Question: Which vein is visualized during the surgery?

Answer: External jugular vein.


Question: Which artery's bifurcation is visualized in the video?

Answer: Carotid artery.


Question: What nerve is visualized in the video?

Answer: Accessory nerve.


Question: What surgical procedure is being prepared for by ligating an artery?

Answer: Hemiglossectomy.


Question: Which artery is ligated to minimize intraoperative bleeding?

Answer: Lingual artery.


Question: What anatomical muscle structure is accessed during the procedure?

Answer: Tendon of the digastric muscle.


Question: What anatomical structure is depicted with a loop for ligation?

Answer: Lingual artery.


Question: What is the condition of the ostomy observed in the video?

Answer: Pink and healthy.


Question: What is used to clean the ostomy site?

Answer: Gauze and saline.


Question: How is the new colostomy bag secured to the skin?

Answer: With adhesive paste.


Question: What instrument is used to make the incision along the pre-marked line?

Answer: Harmonic synergy device.


Question: Which tool is used for both blunt and sharp dissection?

Answer: Harmonic Focus Plus shears.


Question: What instrument facilitates the verification of a facial nerve branch?

Answer: Stimulator probe.


Question: What tool is employed specifically for blunt dissection around the tumor?

Answer: Parotid dissector.


Question: Which blade is used to extend the skin incision?

Answer: Number 15 blade.


Question: What is used to check for the presence of nerves later in the procedure?

Answer: Nerve stimulator.


Question: Which instrument is reintroduced after irrigation to allow for tumor removal?

Answer: Focus Plus shears.


Question: What type of surgical procedure is demonstrated?

Answer: Lindbergh flap.


Question: Which point is moved upwards to location A?

Answer: Point E.


Question: Where is point F repositioned to?

Answer: Location D.


Question: What shape is formed by connecting points D, F, and E?

Answer: Straight line.


Question: What surgical procedure is being demonstrated?

Answer: Transposition of a brachio-basilar fistula.


Question: What position is the patient in during the examination?

Answer: Supine.


Question: What is the examiner inspecting for on the abdominal area?

Answer: Visible anomalies or asymmetries.


Question: What technique is used to assess bowel sounds?

Answer: Auscultation.


Question: What is being assessed for size and consistency during palpation?

Answer: Internal organs.


Question: What anatomical structure is being marked at a distance of 3 centimeters?

Answer: Caudal apex.


Question: What shape is being drawn for the procedure?

Answer: Ellipse.


Question: What is included within the excised tissue during the procedure?

Answer: All midline disease.


Question: What surgical position is used in the procedure?

Answer: Modified Lloyd-Davis position.


Question: What instrument is used to protect the wound during the procedure?

Answer: Alexis wound guard.


Question: How is the bowel extracted atraumatically during the procedure?

Answer: Using lubrication.


Question: What is inserted transanally during the procedure?

Answer: Anvil of the circular stapler.


Question: What type of suture is applied after the anvil insertion?

Answer: Purse-string suture.


Question: What type of drain is positioned at the spiked end of the anvil?

Answer: Size 10 French Robinson drain.


Question: Where is the colon repositioned during the procedure?

Answer: Into the pelvis.


Question: What type of anastomosis is created using the circular stapler?

Answer: End-to-end anastomosis.


Question: What reference is marked on the patient's abdomen?

Answer: Midline.


Question: Where does the incision start on the patient's abdomen?

Answer: Umbilicus.


Question: Where does the incision extend to on the patient's abdomen?

Answer: Pubic bone.


Question: What type of incision is made?

Answer: Midline incision.


Question: What layers are opened after making the incision?

Answer: Abdominal layers.


Question: What is being inserted at the beginning of the procedure?

Answer: Ureteric catheters.


Question: What is used to clean the skin before the procedure?

Answer: Skin preparation liquid.


Question: What is inserted into the tunnel to facilitate the de-roofing process?

Answer: Probe.


Question: What equipment is used to cut and remove the skin tunnel roof?

Answer: Diathermy.


Question: What might be revealed in the tunnel's base after removing the roof?

Answer: Pus, scarring, and granulation tissue.


Question: What is the purpose of the curette during the procedure?

Answer: To eliminate granulation tissue and superficial scarring.


Question: What is applied to the treated area after the procedure?

Answer: Petroleum-based barrier.


Question: What is the first anatomical structure to be dissected in the procedure?

Answer: Round ligament.


Question: Which two spaces are opened during the dissection process?

Answer: Pararectal and paravesical spaces.


Question: What technique is used to keep the ureter distanced from the surgical field?

Answer: Rubber band.


Question: Which arteries are cut and ligated bilaterally during the procedure?

Answer: Uterine arteries.


Question: Which two ligaments are severed after the connective tissue space is opened?

Answer: Utero-sacral ligaments.


Question: How far from the cervix are the parametria excised?

Answer: 2 to 3 cm.


Question: What incision is made approximately 3 cm below the cervix?

Answer: Incision through the vagina.


Question: What method is used to suture the vagina at the end of the procedure?

Answer: Benedetti-Penizzi's method.


Question: What surgical device is being used for anastomosis?

Answer: Neat T Surgical compression anastomosis device.


Question: What instrument is used to transect the mesorectum?

Answer: Ligature instrument.


Question: Which device is used for resection at the distal bowel or proximal rectum?

Answer: TA60 stapling device.


Question: What technique is employed to take down the mesorectum?

Answer: Electrocautery and ligation.


Question: What anatomical structure is extensively adhered?

Answer: Bowel.


Question: What anatomical area does the video provide a detailed view of navigating?

Answer: Distal rectal stump.


Question: What is the most prominent structure observed in the submandibular region?

Answer: Submandibular salivary gland.


Question: Which artery is closely associated with the submandibular salivary gland?

Answer: Facial artery.


Question: What nerve is associated with the duct from the submandibular salivary gland?

Answer: Lingual nerve.


Question: What muscle's posterior border is connected to the parts of the submandibular salivary gland?

Answer: Mylohyoid muscle.


Question: What is the final gland the duct from the submandibular salivary gland enters?

Answer: Sublingual salivary gland.


Question: Which artery appears severed in the video?

Answer: Lingual artery.


Question: What anatomical structure is incised first?

Answer: Skin.


Question: What is preserved to maintain the sensation and tension of the vocal cords?

Answer: Critical nerve.


Question: What is the anatomical structure managed to control blood flow to the thyroid gland?

Answer: Small blood vessels.


Question: Which gland is highlighted and preserved for calcium regulation?

Answer: Parathyroid gland.


Question: Which nerve related to the voice is identified and preserved during the surgery?

Answer: Recurrent laryngeal nerve.


Question: How many weeks post-procedure is the wound being evaluated in the video?

Answer: 4 weeks.


Question: What incision technique is used at the beginning of the procedure?

Answer: Skin incision along a pre-determined line.


Question: Which muscle's anterior border is isolated during the surgery?

Answer: Sternocleidomastoid muscle.


Question: What instrument is used for dissection that incorporates adaptive tissue technology?

Answer: Harmonic Focus Plus shears.


Question: Which vein is carefully protected during the procedure?

Answer: Internal jugular vein.


Question: What instrument is used for cutting the sternohyoid muscle?

Answer: Electrocautery.


Question: What serves as retractors during the procedure?

Answer: Tonsil clamps.


Question: Which muscle is dissected to expose the thyroid gland?

Answer: Sternothyroid muscle.


Question: What kind of incision is made to divide the sternothyroid muscle?

Answer: Superior U-shaped incision.


Question: What is applied to a venous tributary of the larynx?

Answer: Surgical clips.


Question: Which structure is invaded by the tumor proximal to the larynx?

Answer: Serosal layer of the esophagus.


Question: What tool is used to detach the tumor at the isthmus?

Answer: Electrocautery.


Question: What is placed after blunt dissection?

Answer: Focus drain.


Question: How is the sternohyoid muscle eventually managed in the surgery?

Answer: Released and repaired using sutures.


Question: What object is used to regulate fluid flow from the enema bag?

Answer: Plastic clamp.


Question: What solutions are introduced into the pouch?

Answer: Saline and povidone-iodine.


Question: What is the role of the abdominal operator during the procedure?

Answer: Visually monitors the fluid level in the pouch and applies pressure as needed.


Question: What anatomical structure is carefully identified and preserved during dissection?

Answer: Ureters.


Question: What is used to facilitate the lifting of the mesentery and superior mesenteric vessels away from the retroperitoneum?

Answer: Tape passed through a window in the small bowel mesentery.


Question: What is the superior mesenteric artery secured with during the procedure?

Answer: Proline.


Question: What tool assists with deeper dissections of the pelvic floor?

Answer: St. Mark's self-retaining retractor.


Question: What is used to close the subcutaneous tissue layers?

Answer: Absorbable suture.


Question: What is applied to the perineal skin closure for protection?

Answer: Glue.


Question: What color is the normal appearance of the artery described in the video?

Answer: Greenish tint.


Question: What material is the dissected artery covered with?

Answer: Red material.


Question: What surrounds the dissected artery?

Answer: Hematomas.


Question: Which artery is clamped in the video?

Answer: Internal carotid artery.


Question: What instrument is used to make an incision?

Answer: Surgical knife.


Question: What is observed entering the internal carotid artery?

Answer: Fresh thrombus.


Question: What tool is requested to assist in the inversion of the dissection flap?

Answer: Endotracheal tube.


Question: What instrument is called for to reveal the dissection more clearly?

Answer: Scissors.


Question: What type of tissue is typically present in this condition?

Answer: Granulation tissue.


Question: On which side is the granulation tissue usually located?

Answer: Left side.


Question: What is the shape of the marking used in the procedure?

Answer: Boat-shaped.


Question: What anatomical area is relevant in this surgical context?

Answer: Anal triangle.


Question: What is the surgical procedure being performed?

Answer: Laparoscopic appendectomy.


Question: Which instrument is connected to a monitor during the procedure?

Answer: Laparoscope.


Question: How many incisions are made for this procedure?

Answer: Three to four.


Question: What type of sutures are being placed to close the rectal fistula?

Answer: Interrupted sutures.


Question: What device is used for hemostasis?

Answer: Collagen foam.


Question: What suture material is used for closing the planes?

Answer: 2-O undyed vicryl.


Question: What technique is used to improve post-operative pain control?

Answer: Pudendal nerve block.


Question: What is the vagina packed with to aid in hemostasis?

Answer: Proflavin-soaked roll dressing.


Question: What was used to test for leaks in the repair?

Answer: Hydrogen peroxide.


Question: What concentration of hydrogen peroxide was used for testing?

Answer: 50%.


Question: What substance was used to rinse the area after testing?

Answer: Saline.


Question: What procedure was performed to evaluate the rectal mucosa?

Answer: Proctoscopy.


Question: What type of incision is used for this appendectomy?

Answer: McBurney's incision.


Question: Which fascia is incised after making the skin incision?

Answer: Camper's and Scarpa's fascia.


Question: What instrument is used to split the external oblique aponeurosis?

Answer: Artery forceps.


Question: What muscle is split after the internal oblique to access the peritoneum?

Answer: Transversus abdominis muscle.


Question: What surgical instrument is used to visualize and hold the peritoneum?

Answer: Allis or small artery forceps.


Question: Which anatomical structure is identified by the presence of three teniae in the right iliac fossa?

Answer: Cecum.


Question: What forceps are used to grasp the cecum?

Answer: Babcock's forceps.


Question: What artery is clamped, cut, and ligated in the mesoappendix?

Answer: Appendicular artery.


Question: Which suture materials might be used to ligate the appendicular artery?

Answer: 2-0 silk or Vicryl suture.


Question: What instrument is used to crush the base of the appendix?

Answer: Curved artery forceps.


Question: What is used to clean the appendix stump after excision?

Answer: Normal saline or spirit.


Question: What type of suture is used to close the peritoneum?

Answer: 2-0 Vicryl.


Question: Which layer is closed with interrupted non-absorbable sutures?

Answer: Skin.


Question: What procedure is performed on the external fistula opening?

Answer: Excision.


Question: What instrument is inserted through the external opening to explore the fistula tract?

Answer: Fistulascope.


Question: What is used to irrigate the wound?

Answer: Hydrogen peroxide and saline solution.


Question: What technique is used to close the internal opening of the fistula?

Answer: Lift technique.


Question: What procedure is performed to ease the anal structure?

Answer: Sphincterotomy.


Question: What is used to identify the fistula tract at the beginning of the procedure?

Answer: Metal probe.


Question: Where is the incision made at the start of the procedure?

Answer: Anocutaneous border.


Question: How is the fistula tract treated after ligation?

Answer: Cut between the ligatures.


Question: What visible anatomical space is identified during the procedure?

Answer: Intersphincteric space.


Question: What is the purpose of performing a sphincterotomy?

Answer: To ease the anal structure.