Prompt:
Creatures such as opossums and raccoons are scavengers, meaning that they get their food from various sources, wherever and however they can, even from trash cans. This can negatively impact the creature's health if

Choices:
I. the food is fresh
F. the food is past its prime
Q. the food is warm
L. the food is yummy

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "Creatures such as opossums and raccoons are scavengers, meaning that they get their food from various sources, wherever and however they can, even from trash cans. This can negatively impact the creature's health if\n\nChoices:\nI. the food is fresh\nF. the food is past its prime\nQ. the food is warm\nL. the food is yummy"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]


Prompt:
A mitotic spindle forms from the what?

Choices:
F. ribosomes
Q. sister chromatids
N. centrosomes
E. centrioles

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "A mitotic spindle forms from the what?\n\nChoices:\nF. ribosomes\nQ. sister chromatids\nN. centrosomes\nE. centrioles"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "A mitotic spindle forms from the centrosomes. The nuclear envelope dissolves. Chromosomes attach to the mitotic spindle, which separates the chromosomes and elongates the cell."}


Prompt:
Is the yolk more or less concentrated toward the animal pole?

Choices:
P. same concentrated
Q. more concentrated
J. less concentrated
K. no change

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "Is the yolk more or less concentrated toward the animal pole?\n\nChoices:\nP. same concentrated\nQ. more concentrated\nJ. less concentrated\nK. no change"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]


Prompt:
In a nuclear power plant, what typically spins in order to produce electricity?

Choices:
L. pipe
D. turbine
C. generator
R. grid

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "In a nuclear power plant, what typically spins in order to produce electricity?\n\nChoices:\nL. pipe\nD. turbine\nC. generator\nR. grid"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]

{"support": "Nuclear power plants use the energy they produce to heat water. The water turns into steam, which causes a turbine to spin. This, in turn, produces electricity."}


Prompt:
Which of the following accounts would not be reported under revenue on a simple income statement?

Choices:
L. net sales
Q. operating expenses
T. rent revenue
P. interest revenue

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which of the following accounts would not be reported under revenue on a simple income statement?\n\nChoices:\nL. net sales\nQ. operating expenses\nT. rent revenue\nP. interest revenue"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 340, "id": 340, "original_answer": "D", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
In which department is the canton of Saint-Pons-de-Thomières located in southern France?

Choices:
H. Tarn
O. Bouches-du-Rhône
L. Gard
A. Hérault
D. Aude

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "In which department is the canton of Saint-Pons-de-Thomières located in southern France?\n\nChoices:\nH. Tarn\nO. Bouches-du-Rhône\nL. Gard\nA. Hérault\nD. Aude"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]


Prompt:
What device measures atmospheric pressure and can be used as an altimeter?

Choices:
K. thermometer
C. barometer
E. indicator
R. speedometer

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "What device measures atmospheric pressure and can be used as an altimeter?\n\nChoices:\nK. thermometer\nC. barometer\nE. indicator\nR. speedometer"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"support": "A barometer is a device that measures atmospheric pressure. A mercury barometer is shown in Figure 11.18. This device measures atmospheric pressure, rather than gauge pressure, because there is a nearly pure vacuum above the mercury in the tube. The height of the mercury is such that hρg = P atm . When atmospheric pressure varies, the mercury rises or falls, giving important clues to weather forecasters. The barometer can also be used as an altimeter, since average atmospheric pressure varies wi"}


Prompt:
A newly discovered hormone contains four amino acids linked together. Under which chemical class would this hormone be classified?

Choices:
S. peptide hormone
N. glycoprotein
A. lipid-derived hormone
K. amino acid-derived hormone

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "A newly discovered hormone contains four amino acids linked together. Under which chemical class would this hormone be classified?\n\nChoices:\nS. peptide hormone\nN. glycoprotein\nA. lipid-derived hormone\nK. amino acid-derived hormone"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 221, "id": 221, "original_answer": "C", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
What is the leading cause of soil erosion?

Choices:
O. running water
T. volcanic explosions
H. glacier movement
B. tidal winds

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the leading cause of soil erosion?\n\nChoices:\nO. running water\nT. volcanic explosions\nH. glacier movement\nB. tidal winds"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]

{"support": "The same agents that erode landscapes also erode soil. They are water, wind, ice, or gravity. Running water is the leading cause of soil erosion. Water is abundant and has a lot of power. Wind is also a leading cause of soil erosion. Wind can pick up soil and blow it far away."}


Prompt:
What system of the body is most involved in the immune response?

Choices:
E. lymphatic system
B. anomalous system
R. circulatory system
F. primordial system

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "What system of the body is most involved in the immune response?\n\nChoices:\nE. lymphatic system\nB. anomalous system\nR. circulatory system\nF. primordial system"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]

{"support": "The immune response mainly involves the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system is a major part of the immune system. It produces leukocytes called lymphocytes. Lymphocytes are the key cells involved in the immune response. They recognize and help destroy particular pathogens in body fluids and cells. They also destroy certain cancer cells."}


Prompt:
What are drilled to monitor groundwater pollution?

Choices:
P. draining wells
C. aquifers
D. sewers
H. test wells

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "What are drilled to monitor groundwater pollution?\n\nChoices:\nP. draining wells\nC. aquifers\nD. sewers\nH. test wells"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]

{"support": "Test wells are drilled to monitor groundwater pollution."}


Prompt:
The human penis contains the urethra, as well as how many cylinders of spongy erectile tissue?

Choices:
J. Zero
Q. nine
B. five
N. three

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "The human penis contains the urethra, as well as how many cylinders of spongy erectile tissue?\n\nChoices:\nJ. Zero\nQ. nine\nB. five\nN. three"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]


Prompt:
A change in the Earth is

Choices:
J. a person's hair growing
B. a wooded area existing next to an ocean
C. a wooded area appearing on land that was once part of the ocean
E. the moon moving around the Earth

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "A change in the Earth is\n\nChoices:\nJ. a person's hair growing\nB. a wooded area existing next to an ocean\nC. a wooded area appearing on land that was once part of the ocean\nE. the moon moving around the Earth"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]


Prompt:
I need electrical energy to

Choices:
R. Go running
T. Ride a bike
J. Go swimming
O. cook some bread

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "I need electrical energy to\n\nChoices:\nR. Go running\nT. Ride a bike\nJ. Go swimming\nO. cook some bread"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]


Prompt:
Global sources of inexpensive fossil fuels, particularly oil, are rapidly being what?

Choices:
L. polluted
Q. replenished
P. weakened
R. depleted

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "Global sources of inexpensive fossil fuels, particularly oil, are rapidly being what?\n\nChoices:\nL. polluted\nQ. replenished\nP. weakened\nR. depleted"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]


Prompt:
The burning of fossil fuels has increased which effect?

Choices:
A. photosynthesis effect
S. natural gas effect
P. ozone effect
B. greenhouse effect

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "The burning of fossil fuels has increased which effect?\n\nChoices:\nA. photosynthesis effect\nS. natural gas effect\nP. ozone effect\nB. greenhouse effect"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]

{"support": "The burning of fossil fuels has increased the greenhouse effect and caused global climate change. Increasing temperatures are changing basic climate factors of habitats, and rising sea levels are covering them with water. These changes threaten many species."}


Prompt:
Air is said to reach what point, a term used by meteorologists, when humidity increases or temperature decreases?

Choices:
D. bubble point
T. freezing point
A. its dew point
N. its dip point

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "Air is said to reach what point, a term used by meteorologists, when humidity increases or temperature decreases?\n\nChoices:\nD. bubble point\nT. freezing point\nA. its dew point\nN. its dip point"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]

{"support": "Air reaches its dew point when humidity increases or temperature decreases."}


Prompt:
How long did it take the Grand Canyon to form? A

Choices:
Q. few amount of days
M. couple of billion dollars
C. very few amount of minutes
O. very lengthy amount of time

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "How long did it take the Grand Canyon to form? A\n\nChoices:\nQ. few amount of days\nM. couple of billion dollars\nC. very few amount of minutes\nO. very lengthy amount of time"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]


Prompt:
Each female of a particular species can produce millions of these per year?

Choices:
L. eggs
F. seeds
B. sperms
S. fetuses

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "Each female of a particular species can produce millions of these per year?\n\nChoices:\nL. eggs\nF. seeds\nB. sperms\nS. fetuses"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]


Prompt:
What type of receptor cell is involved in the sensations of sound and balance?

Choices:
H. photoreceptor
E. nociceptor
F. chemoreceptor
S. mechanoreceptor

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "What type of receptor cell is involved in the sensations of sound and balance?\n\nChoices:\nH. photoreceptor\nE. nociceptor\nF. chemoreceptor\nS. mechanoreceptor"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 2104, "id": 2104, "original_answer": "C", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
The three features that are unique to the large intestine are the teniae coli, haustra, and what?

Choices:
A. binary appendages
H. epiploic appendages
R. radial appendages
C. disc appendages

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "The three features that are unique to the large intestine are the teniae coli, haustra, and what?\n\nChoices:\nA. binary appendages\nH. epiploic appendages\nR. radial appendages\nC. disc appendages"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]

{"support": "Anatomy Three features are unique to the large intestine: teniae coli, haustra, and epiploic appendages (Figure 23.23). The teniae coli are three bands of smooth muscle that make up the longitudinal muscle layer of the muscularis of the large intestine, except at its terminal end. Tonic contractions of the teniae coli bunch up the colon into a succession of pouches called haustra (singular = hostrum), which are responsible for the wrinkled appearance of the colon. Attached to the teniae coli are"}


Prompt:
What controls the opening to the airway and gut?

Choices:
F. mandible
P. teeth
L. tongue
O. electrons

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "What controls the opening to the airway and gut?\n\nChoices:\nF. mandible\nP. teeth\nL. tongue\nO. electrons"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]

{"support": "Although it is not found in the skull, the hyoid bone is considered a component of the axial skeleton. The hyoid bone lies below the mandible in the front of the neck. It acts as a movable base for the tongue and is connected to muscles of the jaw, larynx, and tongue. The mandible articulates with the base of the skull. The mandible controls the opening to the airway and gut. In animals with teeth, the mandible brings the surfaces of the teeth in contact with the maxillary teeth. The Vertebral C"}


Prompt:
Control rods containing nuclides that very strongly absorb neutrons are used to adjust what?

Choices:
T. neutron flux
C. nuclei flux
L. fission flux
M. thermal flux

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "Control rods containing nuclides that very strongly absorb neutrons are used to adjust what?\n\nChoices:\nT. neutron flux\nC. nuclei flux\nL. fission flux\nM. thermal flux"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]

{"support": "Control rods containing nuclides that very strongly absorb neutrons are used to adjust neutron flux. To produce large power, reactors contain hundreds to thousands of critical masses, and the chain reaction easily becomes self-sustaining, a condition called criticality. Neutron flux should be carefully regulated to avoid an exponential increase in fissions, a condition called supercriticality. Control rods help prevent overheating, perhaps even a meltdown or explosive disassembly. The water that"}


Prompt:
If I wanted to get energy what could I do?

Choices:
T. Eat dust
E. Go running
P. Eat a cucumber
J. Go swimming

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "If I wanted to get energy what could I do?\n\nChoices:\nT. Eat dust\nE. Go running\nP. Eat a cucumber\nJ. Go swimming"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]


Prompt:
Blood is pumped from the heart, pushing open which valves?

Choices:
M. aortic and carotid
T. pulmonary and aortic semilunar
L. pulmonary and respiratory
E. thoracic and aortic

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "Blood is pumped from the heart, pushing open which valves?\n\nChoices:\nM. aortic and carotid\nT. pulmonary and aortic semilunar\nL. pulmonary and respiratory\nE. thoracic and aortic"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]

{"support": "Ventricular Systole Ventricular systole (see Figure 19.27) follows the depolarization of the ventricles and is represented by the QRS complex in the ECG. It may be conveniently divided into two phases, lasting a total of 270 ms. At the end of atrial systole and just prior to atrial contraction, the ventricles contain approximately 130 mL blood in a resting adult in a standing position. This volume is known as the end diastolic volume (EDV) or preload. Initially, as the muscles in the ventricle c"}


Prompt:
Which is the most accurate statement?

Choices:
G. a stove is used to store food underwater
Q. a stove can be used to make pasta
P. a stove is used to store food in the kitchen
K. a stove is used to cook food underwater

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which is the most accurate statement?\n\nChoices:\nG. a stove is used to store food underwater\nQ. a stove can be used to make pasta\nP. a stove is used to store food in the kitchen\nK. a stove is used to cook food underwater"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]


Prompt:
What is the ratio of the uncertainty to the measured value, multiplied by one-hundred called?

Choices:
B. amount uncertainty
J. variable uncertainty
S. percent uncertainty
T. percent inconsistency

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the ratio of the uncertainty to the measured value, multiplied by one-hundred called?\n\nChoices:\nB. amount uncertainty\nJ. variable uncertainty\nS. percent uncertainty\nT. percent inconsistency"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"support": "To express the uncertainty in a measurement, we can calculate percent uncertainty . Percent uncertainty is the ratio of the uncertainty to the measured value, multiplied by one-hundred. For instance, the percent uncertainty associated with the measurement of (52.9 ± 0.5 mL), would be."}


Prompt:
Which regions of Russia have administrative and municipal districts named Manturovsky?

Choices:
G. Manturovsky District, Kostroma Oblast
S. Manturovsky District, Tver Oblast
T. Manturovsky District, Siberian Federal District
B. Manturovsky District, Kursk Oblast
F. Manturovsky District, Moscow Oblast

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which regions of Russia have administrative and municipal districts named Manturovsky?\n\nChoices:\nG. Manturovsky District, Kostroma Oblast\nS. Manturovsky District, Tver Oblast\nT. Manturovsky District, Siberian Federal District\nB. Manturovsky District, Kursk Oblast\nF. Manturovsky District, Moscow Oblast"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]


Prompt:
Context:
Have you ever given a thought to the fact that the note book you use for writing has come to you
after a long process of manufacturing. It started its life as part of a tree. It was cut down and
transported to the pulp mill. There the wood of the tree was processed and converted into wood
pulp. The wood pulp was mixed with chemicals and finally changed into paper by machines.
This paper found its way to the press where ink made from chemicals was used to print the lines
on the pages. The pages were then bound in the form of a note book, packed and sent to the
market for sale. Finally, it reached your hands. Secondary activities or manufacturing change
raw materials into products of more value to people. As you have seen pulp was changed into
paper and paper into a note book. These represent the two stages of the manufacturing
process. The paper made from pulp and cloth made from cotton have had value added to them
at each stage of the manufacturing process. In this way the finished product has more value and
utility than the raw material that it is made from. Industry refers to an economic activity that is
concerned with production of goods, extraction of minerals or the provision of services. Thus we
have iron and steel industry (production of goods), coal mining industry (extraction of coal) and
tourism industry (service provider). Classification of Industries Industries can be classified on the
basis of raw materials, size and ownership. Raw Materials: Industries may be agro based,
mineral based, marine based and forest based depending on the type of raw materials they use.
Agro based industries use plant and animal based products as their raw materials. Food
processing, vegetable oil, cotton textile, dairy products and leather industries are examples of
agro-based industries. Mineral based industries are primary industries that use mineral ores as
their raw materials. The products of these industries feed other industries. Iron made from iron
ore is the product of mineral based industry. This is used as raw material for the manufacture of
a number of other products, such as heavy machinery, building materials and railway coaches.
Marine based industries use products from the sea and oceans as raw materials. Industries
processing sea food or manufacturing fish oil are some examples. Forest based industries
utilise forest produce as raw materials. The industries associated with forests are pulp and
paper, pharmaceuticals, furniture and buildings. Size: It refers to the amount of capital invested,
number of people employed and the volume of production. Based on size, industries can be
classified into small scale and large scale industries. Cottage or household industries are a type
of small scale industry where the products are manufactured by hand, by the artisans. Basket
weaving, pottery and other handicrafts are examples of cottage industry. Small scale industries
use lesser amount of capital and technology as compared to large scale industri

Question:
Evaluate the reasons why governments offer incentives to encourage industrial development in backward areas.

Choices:
T. To increase the burden on the transportation system. Section 3: Industrial Systems, Regions, and Disasters Easy
K. To create more pollution in those areas.
S. To discourage people from migrating to cities.
R. To promote economic growth and reduce regional disparities.

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "Context:\nHave you ever given a thought to the fact that the note book you use for writing has come to you\nafter a long process of manufacturing. It started its life as part of a tree. It was cut down and\ntransported to the pulp mill. There the wood of the tree was processed and converted into wood\npulp. The wood pulp was mixed with chemicals and finally changed into paper by machines.\nThis paper found its way to the press where ink made from chemicals was used to print the lines\non the pages. The pages were then bound in the form of a note book, packed and sent to the\nmarket for sale. Finally, it reached your hands. Secondary activities or manufacturing change\nraw materials into products of more value to people. As you have seen pulp was changed into\npaper and paper into a note book. These represent the two stages of the manufacturing\nprocess. The paper made from pulp and cloth made from cotton have had value added to them\nat each stage of the manufacturing process. In this way the finished product has more value and\nutility than the raw material that it is made from. Industry refers to an economic activity that is\nconcerned with production of goods, extraction of minerals or the provision of services. Thus we\nhave iron and steel industry (production of goods), coal mining industry (extraction of coal) and\ntourism industry (service provider). Classification of Industries Industries can be classified on the\nbasis of raw materials, size and ownership. Raw Materials: Industries may be agro based,\nmineral based, marine based and forest based depending on the type of raw materials they use.\nAgro based industries use plant and animal based products as their raw materials. Food\nprocessing, vegetable oil, cotton textile, dairy products and leather industries are examples of\nagro-based industries. Mineral based industries are primary industries that use mineral ores as\ntheir raw materials. The products of these industries feed other industries. Iron made from iron\nore is the product of mineral based industry. This is used as raw material for the manufacture of\na number of other products, such as heavy machinery, building materials and railway coaches.\nMarine based industries use products from the sea and oceans as raw materials. Industries\nprocessing sea food or manufacturing fish oil are some examples. Forest based industries\nutilise forest produce as raw materials. The industries associated with forests are pulp and\npaper, pharmaceuticals, furniture and buildings. Size: It refers to the amount of capital invested,\nnumber of people employed and the volume of production. Based on size, industries can be\nclassified into small scale and large scale industries. Cottage or household industries are a type\nof small scale industry where the products are manufactured by hand, by the artisans. Basket\nweaving, pottery and other handicrafts are examples of cottage industry. Small scale industries\nuse lesser amount of capital and technology as compared to large scale industri\n\nQuestion:\nEvaluate the reasons why governments offer incentives to encourage industrial development in backward areas.\n\nChoices:\nT. To increase the burden on the transportation system. Section 3: Industrial Systems, Regions, and Disasters Easy\nK. To create more pollution in those areas.\nS. To discourage people from migrating to cities.\nR. To promote economic growth and reduce regional disparities."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]


Prompt:
What is the term for the attraction between oppositely charged atoms or ions?

Choices:
Q. magnetic bond
R. covalent bond
C. neutron bond
O. ionic bond

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the term for the attraction between oppositely charged atoms or ions?\n\nChoices:\nQ. magnetic bond\nR. covalent bond\nC. neutron bond\nO. ionic bond"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]


Prompt:
What is the horizontal distance between two waves, measured at a common point (crest to crest or trough to trough), called?

Choices:
A. linear
Q. wavelength
T. absorption
S. frequency

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the horizontal distance between two waves, measured at a common point (crest to crest or trough to trough), called?\n\nChoices:\nA. linear\nQ. wavelength\nT. absorption\nS. frequency"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"support": "Seismic waves are just one type of wave. Sound and light also travel in waves. Every wave has a high point called a crest and a low point called a trough . The height of a wave from the center line to its crest is its amplitude . The horizontal distance between waves from crest to crest (or trough to trough) is its wavelength ( Figure below )."}


Prompt:
To prevent illness

Choices:
E. properly heat hamburgers and steaks
N. thaw chicken on uncovered counter tops
J. hamburger meat should stay pink
A. eat raw cookie dough

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "To prevent illness\n\nChoices:\nE. properly heat hamburgers and steaks\nN. thaw chicken on uncovered counter tops\nJ. hamburger meat should stay pink\nA. eat raw cookie dough"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]


Prompt:
Which describes the size of an object?

Choices:
D. It is red and purple
N. It is a sphere
G. It attracts all metals
P. It holds 500 mL of water

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which describes the size of an object?\n\nChoices:\nD. It is red and purple\nN. It is a sphere\nG. It attracts all metals\nP. It holds 500 mL of water"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]


Prompt:
What type of muscle enables the body to move?

Choices:
N. Sartorius
C. gluteus maximus
Q. Latissimus Dorsi
I. skeletal muscle

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "What type of muscle enables the body to move?\n\nChoices:\nN. Sartorius\nC. gluteus maximus\nQ. Latissimus Dorsi\nI. skeletal muscle"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"support": "Human Skeletal Muscles. Skeletal muscles enable the body to move."}


Prompt:
In the DC Comics universe, which character assumed the mantle of the supervillain Eclipso after experiencing a mental breakdown and being responsible for the deaths of Sue Dibny and Jack Drake?

Choices:
A. Gil Kane
E. Elongated Man
O. Atom
C. Gardner Fox
B. Jean Loring

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "In the DC Comics universe, which character assumed the mantle of the supervillain Eclipso after experiencing a mental breakdown and being responsible for the deaths of Sue Dibny and Jack Drake?\n\nChoices:\nA. Gil Kane\nE. Elongated Man\nO. Atom\nC. Gardner Fox\nB. Jean Loring"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]


Prompt:
What is the form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion called?

Choices:
E. theory reasoning
Q. deductive logic
S. inductive reasoning
J. hypthetical thinking

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion called?\n\nChoices:\nE. theory reasoning\nQ. deductive logic\nS. inductive reasoning\nJ. hypthetical thinking"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"support": "There is no complete agreement when it comes to defining what the natural sciences include. For some experts, the natural sciences are astronomy, biology, chemistry, earth science, and physics. Other scholars choose to divide natural sciences into life sciences, which study living things and include biology, and physical sciences, which study nonliving matter and include astronomy, physics, and chemistry. Some disciplines such as biophysics and biochemistry build on two sciences and are interdis"}


Prompt:
Explosions can cause harm to what?

Choices:
T. airflow
C. ground crawlers
O. clouds
G. radio waves

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "Explosions can cause harm to what?\n\nChoices:\nT. airflow\nC. ground crawlers\nO. clouds\nG. radio waves"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]


Prompt:
What is the geographical location of Sainte-Ruffine?

Choices:
F. In the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.
L. In the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
K. In the Alsace region in northeastern France.
B. In the Normandy region in northwestern France.
D. In the Pyrenees mountains in southwestern France.

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the geographical location of Sainte-Ruffine?\n\nChoices:\nF. In the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.\nL. In the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.\nK. In the Alsace region in northeastern France.\nB. In the Normandy region in northwestern France.\nD. In the Pyrenees mountains in southwestern France."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]


Prompt:
Which animal has the best camouflage in the Sahara?

Choices:
G. Gyrfalcon
N. a sloth
C. a horned viper
B. a koala bear

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which animal has the best camouflage in the Sahara?\n\nChoices:\nG. Gyrfalcon\nN. a sloth\nC. a horned viper\nB. a koala bear"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]


Prompt:
The scientific method deals with systematic investigation, reproducible results, the formation and testing of hypotheses, and what two categories of reasoning?

Choices:
P. method and deduction
L. reduction and deduction
D. existence and deduction
A. induction and deduction

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "The scientific method deals with systematic investigation, reproducible results, the formation and testing of hypotheses, and what two categories of reasoning?\n\nChoices:\nP. method and deduction\nL. reduction and deduction\nD. existence and deduction\nA. induction and deduction"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]

{"support": "2.2 Nature of science Science is a methodology for learning about the world. It involves the application of knowledge. The scientific method deals with systematic investigation, reproducible results, the formation and testing of hypotheses, and reasoning. Reasoning can be broken down into two categories, induction (specific data is used to develop a generalized observation or conclusion) and deduction (general information leads to specific conclusion). Most reasoning in science is done through i"}


Prompt:
More sunlight will be absorbed by

Choices:
M. a rose with tiny leaves
J. a peony with wide, smooth leaves
S. a daisy with thin, short leaves
A. a daffodil with curled leaves

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "More sunlight will be absorbed by\n\nChoices:\nM. a rose with tiny leaves\nJ. a peony with wide, smooth leaves\nS. a daisy with thin, short leaves\nA. a daffodil with curled leaves"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]


Prompt:
Sleet is made of

Choices:
K. snow and manmade materials
M. phosphates and other chemicals
E. small crystals of salt
P. a substance used to keep drinks cold

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "Sleet is made of\n\nChoices:\nK. snow and manmade materials\nM. phosphates and other chemicals\nE. small crystals of salt\nP. a substance used to keep drinks cold"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]


Prompt:
For plants, the amount of water, sunlight, nutrients, and space to grow are the important resources, whereas in animals, important resources include food, water, shelter, nesting space, and this?

Choices:
O. pairs
H. mates
M. entertainment
A. eggs

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "For plants, the amount of water, sunlight, nutrients, and space to grow are the important resources, whereas in animals, important resources include food, water, shelter, nesting space, and this?\n\nChoices:\nO. pairs\nH. mates\nM. entertainment\nA. eggs"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]

{"support": "Role of Intraspecific Competition The logistic model assumes that every individual within a population will have equal access to resources and, thus, an equal chance for survival. For plants, the amount of water, sunlight, nutrients, and space to grow are the important resources, whereas in animals, important resources include food, water, shelter, nesting space, and mates. In the real world, phenotypic variation among individuals within a population means that some individuals will be better ad"}


Prompt:
The mass of 1 mol of molecules in grams is numerically equivalent to the mass of how many molecules in atomic mass units?

Choices:
P. one
T. ten
E. half
M. two

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "The mass of 1 mol of molecules in grams is numerically equivalent to the mass of how many molecules in atomic mass units?\n\nChoices:\nP. one\nT. ten\nE. half\nM. two"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"support": "The mole concept can be extended to masses of formula units and molecules as well. The mass of 1 mol of molecules (or formula units) in grams is numerically equivalent to the mass of one molecule (or formula unit) in atomic mass units. For example, a single molecule of O2 has a mass of 32.00 u, and 1 mol of O2 molecules has a mass of 32.00 g. As with atomic mass unit–based masses, to obtain the mass of 1 mol of a substance, we simply sum the masses of the individual atoms in the formula of that "}


Prompt:
What is the condition of a plant in which the fluid in a cell exerts a pressure against the cell wall?

Choices:
R. tumor
E. hydration
K. constriction
G. turgor

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the condition of a plant in which the fluid in a cell exerts a pressure against the cell wall?\n\nChoices:\nR. tumor\nE. hydration\nK. constriction\nG. turgor"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"support": "called the relative osmotic pressure if neither solution is pure water, and it is called the osmotic pressure if one solution is pure water. Osmotic pressure can be large, depending on the size of the concentration difference. For example, if pure water and sea water are separated by a semipermeable membrane that passes no salt, osmotic pressure will be 25.9 atm. This value means that water will diffuse through the membrane until the salt water surface rises 268 m above the pure-water surface! O"}


Prompt:
What is the term for when deep ocean water rises to the surface?

Choices:
J. percolating
G. tidal waves
F. tsunami
H. upwelling

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the term for when deep ocean water rises to the surface?\n\nChoices:\nJ. percolating\nG. tidal waves\nF. tsunami\nH. upwelling"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]

{"support": "Upwelling occurs when deep ocean water rises to the surface. The water brings nutrients with it. These nutrients support many organisms."}


Prompt:
The embryo sac consists of only a few cells, one of which is the what?

Choices:
J. dna
Q. sperm
H. egg
T. mitochondria

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "The embryo sac consists of only a few cells, one of which is the what?\n\nChoices:\nJ. dna\nQ. sperm\nH. egg\nT. mitochondria"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]


Prompt:
What process affecting genes or chromosomes causes genetic disorders?

Choices:
M. radiation
I. mutation
N. infection
B. graduation

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "What process affecting genes or chromosomes causes genetic disorders?\n\nChoices:\nM. radiation\nI. mutation\nN. infection\nB. graduation"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"support": "Many genetic disorders are caused by mutations in one or a few genes. Others are caused by chromosomal mutations. Some human genetic disorders are X-linked or Y-linked, which means the faulty gene is carried on these sex chromosomes. Other genetic disorders are carried on one of the other 22 pairs of chromosomes; these chromosomes are known as autosomes or autosomal (non-sex) chromosomes. Some genetic disorders are due to new mutations, others can be inherited from your parents."}


Prompt:
Electronegativities are used to determine the polarity of covalent bonds. the polarity of a covalent bond can be judged by determining the difference of the electronegativities of what involved in the covalent bond?

Choices:
P. three atoms
H. seven atoms
E. six atoms
Q. two atoms

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "Electronegativities are used to determine the polarity of covalent bonds. the polarity of a covalent bond can be judged by determining the difference of the electronegativities of what involved in the covalent bond?\n\nChoices:\nP. three atoms\nH. seven atoms\nE. six atoms\nQ. two atoms"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"support": "Electronegativities are used to determine the polarity of covalent bonds. The polarity of a covalent bond can be judged by determining the difference of the electronegativities of the two atoms involved in the covalent bond, as summarized in the following table: Electronegativity Difference."}


Prompt:
Layers of the earth include all but

Choices:
Q. crust
B. mantle
I. inner core
E. center

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "Layers of the earth include all but\n\nChoices:\nQ. crust\nB. mantle\nI. inner core\nE. center"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]


Prompt:
Which family does Turbonilla jeffreysii belong to?

Choices:
D. Molluskidae, the mollusks and their allies.
J. Gastropodidae, the gastropods and their allies.
E. Turbonillidae, the turbonilla snails and their allies.
M. Jeffreysiidae, the jeffreysii snails and their allies.
T. Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which family does Turbonilla jeffreysii belong to?\n\nChoices:\nD. Molluskidae, the mollusks and their allies.\nJ. Gastropodidae, the gastropods and their allies.\nE. Turbonillidae, the turbonilla snails and their allies.\nM. Jeffreysiidae, the jeffreysii snails and their allies.\nT. Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]


Prompt:
What kept the bat on course?

Choices:
T. snow
F. luck
H. reflected sound waves
A. magic

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "What kept the bat on course?\n\nChoices:\nT. snow\nF. luck\nH. reflected sound waves\nA. magic"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]


Prompt:
What might occur during an experiment

Choices:
L. solution overflowing from a beaker
A. severe oxygen depletion in the atmosphere
G. layers of the ozone disintegrating
F. midterm exams for math class

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "What might occur during an experiment\n\nChoices:\nL. solution overflowing from a beaker\nA. severe oxygen depletion in the atmosphere\nG. layers of the ozone disintegrating\nF. midterm exams for math class"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]


Prompt:
Where can you find the West African water nymph?

Choices:
O. In the rainforests of South America
S. In the deserts of Africa
P. In fresh water rivers and ponds in Ghana and Mali
C. In the mountains of Europe

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "Where can you find the West African water nymph?\n\nChoices:\nO. In the rainforests of South America\nS. In the deserts of Africa\nP. In fresh water rivers and ponds in Ghana and Mali\nC. In the mountains of Europe"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"id": 42475145, "title": "Najas hagerupii", "grade_level": "grade 3 to 5", "question_index": 0}


Prompt:
What do ectotherms use to regulate body temperature?

Choices:
C. Flexible Energy Source
M. external energy sources
A. result energy sources
E. combustion energy sources

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "What do ectotherms use to regulate body temperature?\n\nChoices:\nC. Flexible Energy Source\nM. external energy sources\nA. result energy sources\nE. combustion energy sources"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]

{"support": "Ectotherms, sometimes called cold-blooded animals, do not use the energy of metabolism to regulate body temperature. Instead, they depend on external energy sources, such as sunlight. Fish, for example, will seek out water of different temperatures to regulate body temperature. The amount of energy available is directly related to the metabolic rate of the animal. When energy is scarce, ectotherms may also hibernate. The connection between metabolism and body temperature is a reminder that energ"}


Prompt:
If a substance does not release molecules into the air from its surface, it will not have what?

Choices:
Q. color
M. taste
I. temperature
E. smell

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "If a substance does not release molecules into the air from its surface, it will not have what?\n\nChoices:\nQ. color\nM. taste\nI. temperature\nE. smell"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]

{"support": "Tastes and Odors Both taste and odor stimuli are molecules taken in from the environment. The primary tastes detected by humans are sweet, sour, bitter, salty and umami. The first four tastes need little explanation. The identification of umami as a fundamental taste occurred fairly recently—it was identified in 1908 by Japanese scientist Kikunae Ikeda while he worked with seaweed broth, but it was not widely accepted as a taste that could be physiologically distinguished until many years later."}


Prompt:
When was the debut full-length studio album "Condition Critical" by White Noise Owl released?

Choices:
R. Multiple delays caused an indefinite release date
F. Over two years prior to the album release, on August 1, 2017
A. In October 2019
P. Shortly after their debut EP Until We Meet Again
N. On November 1, 2019

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "When was the debut full-length studio album \"Condition Critical\" by White Noise Owl released?\n\nChoices:\nR. Multiple delays caused an indefinite release date\nF. Over two years prior to the album release, on August 1, 2017\nA. In October 2019\nP. Shortly after their debut EP Until We Meet Again\nN. On November 1, 2019"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]


Prompt:
Sulfur dioxide produced by burning coal is the leading cause of what deadly phenomenon?

Choices:
I. dioxide rain
C. acid rain
D. carbon rain
K. hail

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "Sulfur dioxide produced by burning coal is the leading cause of what deadly phenomenon?\n\nChoices:\nI. dioxide rain\nC. acid rain\nD. carbon rain\nK. hail"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"support": "Another problem with coal is that most coal contains sulfur. As it burns, the sulfur goes into the air as sulfur dioxide. Sulfur dioxide is the main cause of acid rain. Acid rain can be deadly to plants, animals, and whole ecosystems. Burning coal also puts a large number of small solid particulates into the air. These particles are dangerous to people, especially those who have asthma. People with asthma may end up in the hospital on days when particulate pollution is high."}


Prompt:
what do animals need to protect them from bad weather?

Choices:
J. clothing
L. food
F. housing
T. water

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "what do animals need to protect them from bad weather?\n\nChoices:\nJ. clothing\nL. food\nF. housing\nT. water"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]


Prompt:
What is the name of the mechanism in which sounds are encoded in microwaves by changing their frequency?

Choices:
H. shape modulation
D. mechanical modulation
C. molecular modulation
N. frequency modulation

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the name of the mechanism in which sounds are encoded in microwaves by changing their frequency?\n\nChoices:\nH. shape modulation\nD. mechanical modulation\nC. molecular modulation\nN. frequency modulation"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "Cell phone signals are carried through the air as microwaves. You can see how this works in the Figure below . A cell phone encodes the sounds of the caller's voice in microwaves by changing the frequency of the waves. This is called frequency modulation. The encoded microwaves are then sent from the phone through the air to a cell tower. From the cell tower, the waves travel to a switching center. From there they go to another cell tower and from the tower to the receiver of the person being ca"}


Prompt:
Squirrels are seed dispersers because

Choices:
M. they bury their food
R. they eat lots of nuts
J. squirrels live in trees
Q. they prefer to eat acorns

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "Squirrels are seed dispersers because\n\nChoices:\nM. they bury their food\nR. they eat lots of nuts\nJ. squirrels live in trees\nQ. they prefer to eat acorns"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]


Prompt:
Into how many basic regions can the aquatic biome be broken down?

Choices:
H. five
C. One
I. two
L. six

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "Into how many basic regions can the aquatic biome be broken down?\n\nChoices:\nH. five\nC. One\nI. two\nL. six"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]


Prompt:
What process do single cell organisms use to remove waste and get nutrients into their cell?

Choices:
A. convection
Q. diffusion
B. filtration
T. Measured

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "What process do single cell organisms use to remove waste and get nutrients into their cell?\n\nChoices:\nA. convection\nQ. diffusion\nB. filtration\nT. Measured"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"support": "over a specific distance and limits the size that an individual cell can attain. If a cell is a single-celled microorganism, such as an amoeba, it can satisfy all of its nutrient and waste needs through diffusion. If the cell is too large, then diffusion is ineffective and the center of the cell does not receive adequate nutrients nor is it able to effectively dispel its waste. An important concept in understanding how efficient diffusion is as a means of transport is the surface to volume ratio"}


Prompt:
In what year was the song "Two Princes" by Spin Doctors released?

Choices:
E. 1993
N. 1991
A. 1994
H. 1995
L. 1992

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "In what year was the song \"Two Princes\" by Spin Doctors released?\n\nChoices:\nE. 1993\nN. 1991\nA. 1994\nH. 1995\nL. 1992"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]


Prompt:
At what temperatures do alkanes with more carbon atoms boil?

Choices:
P. heavier temperatures
M. farther temperatures
I. higher temperatures
B. lower temperatures

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "At what temperatures do alkanes with more carbon atoms boil?\n\nChoices:\nP. heavier temperatures\nM. farther temperatures\nI. higher temperatures\nB. lower temperatures"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"support": "Saturated hydrocarbons are given the general name of alkanes . The name of specific alkanes always ends in – ane . The first part of the name indicates how many carbon atoms each molecule of the alkane has. The smallest alkane is methane. It has just one carbon atom. The next largest is ethane with two carbon atoms. The chemical formulas and properties of methane, ethane, and other small alkanes are listed in the Table below . The boiling and melting points of alkanes are determined mainly by th"}


Prompt:
The past week has been warm, humid and foggy. As the weather is supposed to cool a little bit tomorrow, a reasonable person could assume that tomorrow will be

Choices:
C. rainy
D. steamy
A. clear
E. hot

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "The past week has been warm, humid and foggy. As the weather is supposed to cool a little bit tomorrow, a reasonable person could assume that tomorrow will be\n\nChoices:\nC. rainy\nD. steamy\nA. clear\nE. hot"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]


Prompt:
Compound machines tend to have a greater mechanical advantage than what other machines?

Choices:
G. magnets
E. levers
N. digital machines
S. simple machines

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "Compound machines tend to have a greater mechanical advantage than what other machines?\n\nChoices:\nG. magnets\nE. levers\nN. digital machines\nS. simple machines"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"support": "The mechanical advantage of a machine is the factor by which it changes the force applied to the machine. Many machines increase the force applied to them, and this is how they make work easier. Compound machines tend to have a greater mechanical advantage than simple machines. That's because the mechanical advantage of a compound machine equals the product of the mechanical advantages of all its component simple machines. The greater the number of simple machines it contains, the greater its me"}


Prompt:
Which one of newton's laws describes the direct relationship between force and acceleration?

Choices:
E. second law
H. third law
I. fourth law
B. first law

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which one of newton's laws describes the direct relationship between force and acceleration?\n\nChoices:\nE. second law\nH. third law\nI. fourth law\nB. first law"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]

{"support": "Newton's second law shows that there is a direct relationship between force and acceleration. The greater the force that is applied to an object of a given mass, the more the object will accelerate. For example, doubling the force on the object doubles its acceleration."}


Prompt:
What is Danielle Brooks best known for?

Choices:
O. Danielle Brooks is best known for her roles in the musical revival The Color Purple and the superhero series Peacemaker.
C. Danielle Brooks is best known for her roles in the August Wilson play The Piano Lesson and the musical revival The Color Purple.
E. Danielle Brooks is best known for her role as Tasha "Taystee" Jefferson on the comedy-drama series Orange Is the New Black.
H. Danielle Brooks is best known for her roles in the musical revivals The Color Purple and The Piano Lesson.
K. Danielle Brooks is best known for her roles in the comedy-drama series Orange Is the New Black and the superhero series Peacemaker.

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is Danielle Brooks best known for?\n\nChoices:\nO. Danielle Brooks is best known for her roles in the musical revival The Color Purple and the superhero series Peacemaker.\nC. Danielle Brooks is best known for her roles in the August Wilson play The Piano Lesson and the musical revival The Color Purple.\nE. Danielle Brooks is best known for her role as Tasha \"Taystee\" Jefferson on the comedy-drama series Orange Is the New Black.\nH. Danielle Brooks is best known for her roles in the musical revivals The Color Purple and The Piano Lesson.\nK. Danielle Brooks is best known for her roles in the comedy-drama series Orange Is the New Black and the superhero series Peacemaker."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]


Prompt:
Which joint allows humans to sit, stand, and pivot?

Choices:
R. femur
L. ankle
O. hip
N. knee

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which joint allows humans to sit, stand, and pivot?\n\nChoices:\nR. femur\nL. ankle\nO. hip\nN. knee"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "Figure 9.38 The knee joint works like a hinge to bend and straighten the lower leg. It permits a person to sit, stand, and pivot."}


Prompt:
Nematodes have an alimentary canal, but lack what?

Choices:
J. lymphatic system
E. nervous system
C. metabolism system
H. circulatory system

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "Nematodes have an alimentary canal, but lack what?\n\nChoices:\nJ. lymphatic system\nE. nervous system\nC. metabolism system\nH. circulatory system"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]


Prompt:
What disease is generally caused by mutations in genes that regulate the cell cycle?

Choices:
T. arthritis
M. heart disease
P. cancer
C. pneumonia

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "What disease is generally caused by mutations in genes that regulate the cell cycle?\n\nChoices:\nT. arthritis\nM. heart disease\nP. cancer\nC. pneumonia"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"support": "Cancer is a disease in which cells grow out of control and form abnormal masses of cells. It is generally caused by mutations in genes that regulate the cell cycle. Because of the mutations, cells with damaged DNA are allowed to divide without limits. Cancer causing genes can be inherited. You can learn more about hereditary cancer by watching the video at the following link: http://www. youtube. com/watch?v=LWk5FplsKwM (4:29)."}


Prompt:
Which would likely live under a rock?

Choices:
M. a cat
H. an eagle
J. a vole
B. a dog

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which would likely live under a rock?\n\nChoices:\nM. a cat\nH. an eagle\nJ. a vole\nB. a dog"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]


Prompt:
Developmental psychologists study human growth and development across three domains. Which of the following is not one of these domains?

Choices:
M. psychosocial
F. physical
D. psychological
L. cognitive

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "Developmental psychologists study human growth and development across three domains. Which of the following is not one of these domains?\n\nChoices:\nM. psychosocial\nF. physical\nD. psychological\nL. cognitive"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 2282, "id": 2282, "original_answer": "B", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
Which organism cannot specialize?

Choices:
S. fish
H. mammal
M. plant
A. protozoa

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which organism cannot specialize?\n\nChoices:\nS. fish\nH. mammal\nM. plant\nA. protozoa"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]


Prompt:
What can keep you moisturized other than water?

Choices:
Q. Sour Cream
F. Crackers
I. Cheese
H. cucumbers

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "What can keep you moisturized other than water?\n\nChoices:\nQ. Sour Cream\nF. Crackers\nI. Cheese\nH. cucumbers"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]


Prompt:
Melting, sublimation, and evaporation absorb what from their surroundings?

Choices:
N. moisture
A. cold
J. heat
D. vibration

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "Melting, sublimation, and evaporation absorb what from their surroundings?\n\nChoices:\nN. moisture\nA. cold\nJ. heat\nD. vibration"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]

{"support": "Melting, sublimation, and evaporation absorb heat from their surroundings. Freezing, deposition, and condensation release heat."}


Prompt:
Enzymes, antibodies, and muscle fiber are all types of what?

Choices:
D. lipids
J. carbohydrates
M. acids
Q. proteins

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "Enzymes, antibodies, and muscle fiber are all types of what?\n\nChoices:\nD. lipids\nJ. carbohydrates\nM. acids\nQ. proteins"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"support": "Many important molecules in your body are proteins. Examples include enzymes, antibodies, and muscle fiber. Enzymes are a type of protein that speed up chemical reactions. They are known as \"biological catalysts. \" For example, your stomach would not be able to break down food if it did not have special enzymes to speed up the rate of digestion. Antibodies that protect you against disease are proteins. Muscle fiber is mostly protein ( Figure below )."}


Prompt:
Some vapor is condensing now because it has less

Choices:
J. heat
F. water
E. gas
A. steam

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "Some vapor is condensing now because it has less\n\nChoices:\nJ. heat\nF. water\nE. gas\nA. steam"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]


Prompt:
How will global warming eliminate some islands and reduce the area of others?

Choices:
S. affect sea levels
K. raise sea levels
T. unafect sea levels
D. lower sea levels

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "How will global warming eliminate some islands and reduce the area of others?\n\nChoices:\nS. affect sea levels\nK. raise sea levels\nT. unafect sea levels\nD. lower sea levels"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]


Prompt:
Parasitic chelicerates like ticks and mites have evolved what?

Choices:
N. aileron apparatuses
K. licking apparatuses
Q. tunicates apparatuses
O. bloodsucking apparatuses

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "Parasitic chelicerates like ticks and mites have evolved what?\n\nChoices:\nN. aileron apparatuses\nK. licking apparatuses\nQ. tunicates apparatuses\nO. bloodsucking apparatuses"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]

{"support": "Most chelicerates ingest food using a preoral cavity formed by the chelicerae and pedipalps. Some chelicerates may secrete digestive enzymes to pre-digest food before ingesting it. Parasitic chelicerates like ticks and mites have evolved bloodsucking apparatuses. The nervous system in chelicerates consists of a brain and two ventral nerve cords. These animals use external fertilization as well as internal fertilization strategies for reproduction, depending upon the species and its habitat. Pare"}


Prompt:
Which element has the highest electronegativity value?

Choices:
C. magnesium
F. Barium
H. fluorine
Q. chlorine

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which element has the highest electronegativity value?\n\nChoices:\nC. magnesium\nF. Barium\nH. fluorine\nQ. chlorine"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]

{"support": "The highest electronegativity value is for fluorine."}


Prompt:
why must a cell delegate its essential functionalities?

Choices:
D. to avoid extra work
K. to maximize work distribution
A. to catch its prey
C. all of these

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "why must a cell delegate its essential functionalities?\n\nChoices:\nD. to avoid extra work\nK. to maximize work distribution\nA. to catch its prey\nC. all of these"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]


Prompt:
What can be inferred about General Sir Henry Fane based on his military and political roles?

Choices:
M. General Sir Henry Fane was solely a member of Parliament during the Peninsular War.
H. General Sir Henry Fane's military and political roles are unknown based on the provided information.
E. General Sir Henry Fane had no military experience and primarily focused on his political career as a member of Parliament.
F. General Sir Henry Fane only served as Commander-in-Chief of India during his military career.
I. General Sir Henry Fane commanded brigades under Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington during the Peninsular War and served both as a member of Parliament and Commander-in-Chief of India.

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "What can be inferred about General Sir Henry Fane based on his military and political roles?\n\nChoices:\nM. General Sir Henry Fane was solely a member of Parliament during the Peninsular War.\nH. General Sir Henry Fane's military and political roles are unknown based on the provided information.\nE. General Sir Henry Fane had no military experience and primarily focused on his political career as a member of Parliament.\nF. General Sir Henry Fane only served as Commander-in-Chief of India during his military career.\nI. General Sir Henry Fane commanded brigades under Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington during the Peninsular War and served both as a member of Parliament and Commander-in-Chief of India."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]


Prompt:
It is possible to renew

Choices:
D. sunflowers
E. stones
Q. oil
N. steel

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "It is possible to renew\n\nChoices:\nD. sunflowers\nE. stones\nQ. oil\nN. steel"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]


Prompt:
What law states that matter cannot be created or destroyed even when it changes?

Choices:
N. Transfer of mass
K. Action of mass
P. conservation of mass
R. modification of mass

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "What law states that matter cannot be created or destroyed even when it changes?\n\nChoices:\nN. Transfer of mass\nK. Action of mass\nP. conservation of mass\nR. modification of mass"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"support": "Matter cannot be created or destroyed even when it changes. This is the law of conservation of mass."}


Prompt:
What is the term for a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances?

Choices:
D. solution
J. saturation
A. element
N. compound

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the term for a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances?\n\nChoices:\nD. solution\nJ. saturation\nA. element\nN. compound"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]

{"support": "When rocks or other substances dissolve in water, they form a solution. A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. The particles of a solution are mixed evenly throughout it. The particles are too small to be seen or to settle out. An example of a solution is salt water."}


Prompt:
Who was the first person known to use a telescope to study the sky?

Choices:
K. Copernicus
P. darwin
N. Einstein
O. galileo

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "Who was the first person known to use a telescope to study the sky?\n\nChoices:\nK. Copernicus\nP. darwin\nN. Einstein\nO. galileo"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]

{"support": "Galileo was the first person known to use a telescope to study the sky. His discoveries helped change the way humans think about the universe."}


Prompt:
What do most of the noble gas elements have in common?

Choices:
M. four valence electrons
S. two valence electrons
C. eight valence electrons
P. zero valence electrons

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "What do most of the noble gas elements have in common?\n\nChoices:\nM. four valence electrons\nS. two valence electrons\nC. eight valence electrons\nP. zero valence electrons"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"support": "Atoms can join together by forming a chemical bond, which is a very strong attraction between two atoms. Chemical bonds are formed when electrons in different atoms interact with each other to make an arrangement that is more stable than when the atoms are apart. What causes atoms to make a chemical bond with other atoms, rather than remaining as individual atoms? A clue comes by considering the noble gas elements, the rightmost column of the periodic table. These elements—helium, neon, argon, k"}


Prompt:
Kinetic theory is the atomistic description of what as well as liquids and solids?

Choices:
Q. plasmas
S. molecules
H. fluids
R. gases

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "Kinetic theory is the atomistic description of what as well as liquids and solids?\n\nChoices:\nQ. plasmas\nS. molecules\nH. fluids\nR. gases"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]

{"support": "13.4 Kinetic Theory: Atomic and Molecular Explanation of Pressure and Temperature • Kinetic theory is the atomistic description of gases as well as liquids and solids. • Kinetic theory models the properties of matter in terms of continuous random motion of atoms and molecules. • The ideal gas law can also be expressed as."}


Prompt:
What is Pramod Bhagat known for in the sport of para-badminton?

Choices:
A. Pramod Bhagat is known for being the first Indian professional Para-badminton player.
K. Pramod Bhagat is known for representing Bihar in various national badminton championships.
Q. Pramod Bhagat is known for inventing a new technique in para-badminton.
H. Pramod Bhagat is known for winning a gold medal at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Men's singles SL3.
R. Pramod Bhagat is known for being ranked world number 1 in para-badminton men's singles SL3.

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is Pramod Bhagat known for in the sport of para-badminton?\n\nChoices:\nA. Pramod Bhagat is known for being the first Indian professional Para-badminton player.\nK. Pramod Bhagat is known for representing Bihar in various national badminton championships.\nQ. Pramod Bhagat is known for inventing a new technique in para-badminton.\nH. Pramod Bhagat is known for winning a gold medal at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Men's singles SL3.\nR. Pramod Bhagat is known for being ranked world number 1 in para-badminton men's singles SL3."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]


Prompt:
Which of the following is not prohibited by the Sherman Act?

Choices:
S. Temporary limited restraints.
L. Ancillary restraints.
N. Naked restraints.
M. Temporary restraints.

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which of the following is not prohibited by the Sherman Act?\n\nChoices:\nS. Temporary limited restraints.\nL. Ancillary restraints.\nN. Naked restraints.\nM. Temporary restraints."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 2094, "id": 2094, "original_answer": "A", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
What phenomenon is the De Haas-Van Alphen effect associated with?

Choices:
J. The measurement of the electronic properties of a material using several experimental techniques.
E. The complex number quantity that describes AC susceptibility and AC permeability.
D. The analogue non-linear relation between magnetization and magnetic field in antiferromagnetic materials.
H. The measurement of magnetic susceptibility in response to an AC magnetic field.
M. The oscillation of the differential magnetic susceptibility as a function of inverse magnetic field strength in metals under strong magnetic fields, which relates the period of the oscillation with the Fermi surface of the material.

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "What phenomenon is the De Haas-Van Alphen effect associated with?\n\nChoices:\nJ. The measurement of the electronic properties of a material using several experimental techniques.\nE. The complex number quantity that describes AC susceptibility and AC permeability.\nD. The analogue non-linear relation between magnetization and magnetic field in antiferromagnetic materials.\nH. The measurement of magnetic susceptibility in response to an AC magnetic field.\nM. The oscillation of the differential magnetic susceptibility as a function of inverse magnetic field strength in metals under strong magnetic fields, which relates the period of the oscillation with the Fermi surface of the material."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]


Prompt:
What team selected Leif Carlsson in the 1983 NHL Entry Draft?

Choices:
T. The Detroit Red Wings
O. The Hartford Whalers
N. The Boston Bruins
M. The Edmonton Oilers
G. The Los Angeles Kings

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "What team selected Leif Carlsson in the 1983 NHL Entry Draft?\n\nChoices:\nT. The Detroit Red Wings\nO. The Hartford Whalers\nN. The Boston Bruins\nM. The Edmonton Oilers\nG. The Los Angeles Kings"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]


Prompt:
Where is Eldorado High School located?

Choices:
H. Eldorado High School is located in Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada.
F. Eldorado High School is located in Las Vegas, Nevada.
N. Eldorado High School is located in Clark County, Nevada.
T. Eldorado High School is located in Sunrise Manor, Nevada.
R. Eldorado High School is located in Henderson, Nevada.

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "Where is Eldorado High School located?\n\nChoices:\nH. Eldorado High School is located in Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada.\nF. Eldorado High School is located in Las Vegas, Nevada.\nN. Eldorado High School is located in Clark County, Nevada.\nT. Eldorado High School is located in Sunrise Manor, Nevada.\nR. Eldorado High School is located in Henderson, Nevada."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]


Prompt:
What is the significance of the album "Out of This World" by Maureen McGovern?

Choices:
B. "Out of This World" is Maureen McGovern's ninth studio album released in 1996.
I. "Out of This World" is Maureen McGovern's only Grammy-winning album.
H. "Out of This World" is Maureen McGovern's most controversial album to date.
N. "Out of This World" is Maureen McGovern's debut studio album.
S. "Out of This World" is Maureen McGovern's best-selling album of all time.

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the significance of the album \"Out of This World\" by Maureen McGovern?\n\nChoices:\nB. \"Out of This World\" is Maureen McGovern's ninth studio album released in 1996.\nI. \"Out of This World\" is Maureen McGovern's only Grammy-winning album.\nH. \"Out of This World\" is Maureen McGovern's most controversial album to date.\nN. \"Out of This World\" is Maureen McGovern's debut studio album.\nS. \"Out of This World\" is Maureen McGovern's best-selling album of all time."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]


Prompt:
What are the physical properties of water and carbon dioxide affected by?

Choices:
M. temperature
B. their polarities
I. weight
G. weather

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "What are the physical properties of water and carbon dioxide affected by?\n\nChoices:\nM. temperature\nB. their polarities\nI. weight\nG. weather"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]

{"support": "The physical properties of water and carbon dioxide are affected by their polarities."}


Prompt:
Most protein antigens require signals from helper t cells (th2) to proceed to make what?

Choices:
T. antioxidant
R. bacterium
H. protein
N. antibody

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "Most protein antigens require signals from helper t cells (th2) to proceed to make what?\n\nChoices:\nT. antioxidant\nR. bacterium\nH. protein\nN. antibody"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "B Cell Differentiation and Activation B cells differentiate in the bone marrow. During the process of maturation, up to 100 trillion different clones of B cells are generated, which is similar to the diversity of antigen receptors seen in T cells. B cell differentiation and the development of tolerance are not quite as well understood as it is in T cells. Central tolerance is the destruction or inactivation of B cells that recognize self-antigens in the bone marrow, and its role is critical and "}


Prompt:
On what basis are lipoproteins classified?

Choices:
H. weight
K. mass
M. diameter
N. density

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "On what basis are lipoproteins classified?\n\nChoices:\nH. weight\nK. mass\nM. diameter\nN. density"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "Other lipoproteins also transport lipids throughout the body, but different types of lipoproteins tend to serve different functions. We will discuss some of these differences in the section below on cholesterol and heart disease. Lipoproteins are often classified into five different groups based on their densities. In increasing order of density, these groups include chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and h"}


Prompt:
What is the main theme of The Millionairess, the 1960 British film adaptation?

Choices:
T. The Millionairess is a satirical take on the pitfalls of wealth and materialism in contemporary society.
G. The Millionairess discusses the challenges faced by women in a male-dominated world during the 1930s.
A. The Millionairess explores the class struggles and social inequality prevalent in 1930s London society.
B. The Millionairess delves into the complexities of romantic relationships and the search for true love.
N. The Millionairess revolves around the exploits of a wealthy woman trying to find a suitable husband.

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the main theme of The Millionairess, the 1960 British film adaptation?\n\nChoices:\nT. The Millionairess is a satirical take on the pitfalls of wealth and materialism in contemporary society.\nG. The Millionairess discusses the challenges faced by women in a male-dominated world during the 1930s.\nA. The Millionairess explores the class struggles and social inequality prevalent in 1930s London society.\nB. The Millionairess delves into the complexities of romantic relationships and the search for true love.\nN. The Millionairess revolves around the exploits of a wealthy woman trying to find a suitable husband."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]


Prompt:
Permanent dipole-dipole interactions are found in what kind of molecules?

Choices:
E. polar
F. dual
C. directional
Q. geologic

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "Permanent dipole-dipole interactions are found in what kind of molecules?\n\nChoices:\nE. polar\nF. dual\nC. directional\nQ. geologic"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]

{"support": "Polar molecules have permanent dipole-dipole interactions."}


Prompt:
Why is the lake a popular recreation location in the summer?

Choices:
G. Because it is nearly uninhabitable in the summer.
B. Because it is a popular location for winter sports.
I. Because the water levels and weather are more suitable for activities.
K. Because it is covered in ice.

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "Why is the lake a popular recreation location in the summer?\n\nChoices:\nG. Because it is nearly uninhabitable in the summer.\nB. Because it is a popular location for winter sports.\nI. Because the water levels and weather are more suitable for activities.\nK. Because it is covered in ice."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"id": 4233378, "title": "Huntington Lake", "grade_level": "grade 3 to 5", "question_index": 0}


Prompt:
Context:
This transformation from a plant to a finished product involves three types of economic activities.
These are primary, secondary and tertiary activities. Primary activities include all those
connected with extraction and production of natural resources. Agriculture, fishing and gathering
are good examples. Secondary activities are concerned with the processing of these resources.
Manufacturing of steel, baking of bread and weaving of cloth are examples of this activity.
Tertiary activities provide support to the primary and secondary sectors through services.
Transport, trade, banking, insurance and advertising are examples of tertiary activities.
Agriculture is a primary activity. It includes growing crops, fruits, vegetables, flowers and rearing
of livestock. In the world, 50 per cent of persons are engaged in agricultural activity. Two-thirds
of India's population is still dependent on agriculture. Favourable topography of soil and climate
are vital for agricultural activity. The land on which the crops are grown is known as arable land .
In the map you can see that agricultural activity is concentrated in those regions of the world
where suitable factors for the growing of crops exist.
Agriculture The science and art of cultivation on the soil, raising crops and rearing livestock. It is
also called farming.
Sericulture Commercial rearing of silk worms. It may supplement the income of the farmer.
Pisciculture Breeding of fish in specially constructed tanks and ponds.
Viticulture Cultivation of grapes.
Horticulture Growing vegetables, flowers and fruits for commercial use.
Farm System Agriculture or farming can be looked at as a system. The important inputs are
seeds, fertilisers, machinery and labour. Some of the operations involved are ploughing, sowing,
irrigation, weeding and harvesting. The outputs from the system include crops, wool, dairy and
poultry products. Types of Farming Farming is practised in various ways across the world.
Depending upon the geographical conditions, demand of produce, labour and level of
technology, farming can be classified into two main types. These are subsistence farming and
commercial farming. Subsistence Farming This type of farming is practised to meet the needs of
the farmer's family. Traditionally, low levels of technology and household labour are used to
produce on small output. Subsistence farming can be further classified as intensive subsistence
and primitive subsistence farming. In intensive subsistence agriculture the farmer cultivates a
small plot of land using simple tools and more labour. Climate with large number of days with
sunshine and fertile soils permit growing of more than one crop annually on the same plot. Rice
is the main crop. Other crops include wheat, maize, pulses and oilseeds. Intensive subsistence
agriculture is prevalent in the thickly populated areas of the monsoon regions of south,
southeast and east Asia. Primitive subsistence agriculture includes shifting cultivation and
no

Question:
Which of the following is a defining characteristic of shifting cultivation?

Choices:
B. High capital investment in farming equipment
N. Abandoning land after the soil loses fertility
D. Permanent cultivation of a single plot
P. Use of advanced irrigation techniques

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "Context:\nThis transformation from a plant to a finished product involves three types of economic activities.\nThese are primary, secondary and tertiary activities. Primary activities include all those\nconnected with extraction and production of natural resources. Agriculture, fishing and gathering\nare good examples. Secondary activities are concerned with the processing of these resources.\nManufacturing of steel, baking of bread and weaving of cloth are examples of this activity.\nTertiary activities provide support to the primary and secondary sectors through services.\nTransport, trade, banking, insurance and advertising are examples of tertiary activities.\nAgriculture is a primary activity. It includes growing crops, fruits, vegetables, flowers and rearing\nof livestock. In the world, 50 per cent of persons are engaged in agricultural activity. Two-thirds\nof India's population is still dependent on agriculture. Favourable topography of soil and climate\nare vital for agricultural activity. The land on which the crops are grown is known as arable land .\nIn the map you can see that agricultural activity is concentrated in those regions of the world\nwhere suitable factors for the growing of crops exist.\nAgriculture The science and art of cultivation on the soil, raising crops and rearing livestock. It is\nalso called farming.\nSericulture Commercial rearing of silk worms. It may supplement the income of the farmer.\nPisciculture Breeding of fish in specially constructed tanks and ponds.\nViticulture Cultivation of grapes.\nHorticulture Growing vegetables, flowers and fruits for commercial use.\nFarm System Agriculture or farming can be looked at as a system. The important inputs are\nseeds, fertilisers, machinery and labour. Some of the operations involved are ploughing, sowing,\nirrigation, weeding and harvesting. The outputs from the system include crops, wool, dairy and\npoultry products. Types of Farming Farming is practised in various ways across the world.\nDepending upon the geographical conditions, demand of produce, labour and level of\ntechnology, farming can be classified into two main types. These are subsistence farming and\ncommercial farming. Subsistence Farming This type of farming is practised to meet the needs of\nthe farmer's family. Traditionally, low levels of technology and household labour are used to\nproduce on small output. Subsistence farming can be further classified as intensive subsistence\nand primitive subsistence farming. In intensive subsistence agriculture the farmer cultivates a\nsmall plot of land using simple tools and more labour. Climate with large number of days with\nsunshine and fertile soils permit growing of more than one crop annually on the same plot. Rice\nis the main crop. Other crops include wheat, maize, pulses and oilseeds. Intensive subsistence\nagriculture is prevalent in the thickly populated areas of the monsoon regions of south,\nsoutheast and east Asia. Primitive subsistence agriculture includes shifting cultivation and\nno\n\nQuestion:\nWhich of the following is a defining characteristic of shifting cultivation?\n\nChoices:\nB. High capital investment in farming equipment\nN. Abandoning land after the soil loses fertility\nD. Permanent cultivation of a single plot\nP. Use of advanced irrigation techniques"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]


Prompt:
A bear hibernates through cold weather because

Choices:
T. it is gestating young
I. winter is too cold
K. resources are scarce in winter
L. bears get very tired

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "A bear hibernates through cold weather because\n\nChoices:\nT. it is gestating young\nI. winter is too cold\nK. resources are scarce in winter\nL. bears get very tired"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]


Prompt:
An oil drop is stationary when what downward force exactly equals the upward electrical force on the drop?

Choices:
A. gravitational
E. newtonian
H. magnetic
C. radiation

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "An oil drop is stationary when what downward force exactly equals the upward electrical force on the drop?\n\nChoices:\nA. gravitational\nE. newtonian\nH. magnetic\nC. radiation"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]

{"support": "The charge on the plates is adjustable. By measuring the terminal velocity of the oil drops with the electric field off, Millikan could determine the mass of the drops. Millikan and his graduate assistant were able to determine the force of the field on the drops when it was turned on by comparing the velocity of the drops with the field on to their velocity with the field off. This is easily determined when the oil drop is stationary; namely, when the downward gravitational force exactly equals"}


Prompt:
In our wildflower population, the pool of what remains constant from one generation to the next?

Choices:
H. genes
P. genomes
M. DNA
N. eggs

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "In our wildflower population, the pool of what remains constant from one generation to the next?\n\nChoices:\nH. genes\nP. genomes\nM. DNA\nN. eggs"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]


Prompt:
What is Ken Richters best known for?

Choices:
R. Ken Richters is best known for his portrayal of Abraham Lincoln in the one-man theatrical production "Lincoln's Legacy" which he has performed since 1981.
N. Ken Richters is best known for his performances as William Shakespeare in various stage productions across the United States.
J. Ken Richters is best known for his critically acclaimed performance as Mark Twain in the one-man theatrical production "Mark Twain On Tour" which he has performed since 1981.
P. Ken Richters is best known for his voice-over work in animated films and television shows, bringing iconic characters to life.
A. Ken Richters is best known for his captivating singing performances in Broadway musicals such as "Phantom of the Opera" and "Les Misérables."

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is Ken Richters best known for?\n\nChoices:\nR. Ken Richters is best known for his portrayal of Abraham Lincoln in the one-man theatrical production \"Lincoln's Legacy\" which he has performed since 1981.\nN. Ken Richters is best known for his performances as William Shakespeare in various stage productions across the United States.\nJ. Ken Richters is best known for his critically acclaimed performance as Mark Twain in the one-man theatrical production \"Mark Twain On Tour\" which he has performed since 1981.\nP. Ken Richters is best known for his voice-over work in animated films and television shows, bringing iconic characters to life.\nA. Ken Richters is best known for his captivating singing performances in Broadway musicals such as \"Phantom of the Opera\" and \"Les Misérables.\""}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]


Prompt:
What do you call the fixed point of a lever?

Choices:
N. apex
D. base
T. fulcrum
Q. caliper

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "What do you call the fixed point of a lever?\n\nChoices:\nN. apex\nD. base\nT. fulcrum\nQ. caliper"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]

{"support": "A lever is a simple machine consisting of a bar that rotates around a fixed point. The fixed point of a lever is called the fulcrum. Like other machines, a lever makes work easier by changing the force applied to the machine or the distance over which the force is applied. For a video introduction to levers using skateboards as examples, go to this URL:."}


Prompt:
What part of the body protects the brain?

Choices:
S. arms
O. lungs
L. cranium (skull)
P. feet

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "What part of the body protects the brain?\n\nChoices:\nS. arms\nO. lungs\nL. cranium (skull)\nP. feet"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]

{"support": "The cranium (skull) to protect the brain. The brain is attached to the spinal cord."}


Prompt:
A circular coral reef could indicate the earlier existence of what?

Choices:
R. volcano
F. landslide
K. avalanche
T. tsunami

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "A circular coral reef could indicate the earlier existence of what?\n\nChoices:\nR. volcano\nF. landslide\nK. avalanche\nT. tsunami"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]

{"support": "Reefs can form interesting shapes in the oceans. Remember that there are many volcanoes in the ocean. Coral reefs can form on volcanoes in tropical water. Since the volcanoes are cones, the reef forms in a circle around the volcano. Eventually the volcano becomes inactive. The mountain subsides and erodes so that it is below sea level. This leaves a circular coral reef ( Figure below )."}


Prompt:
What might Lassie do to beat the heat?

Choices:
J. Sleep
G. Pant
D. Eat ice
T. Drink tea

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "What might Lassie do to beat the heat?\n\nChoices:\nJ. Sleep\nG. Pant\nD. Eat ice\nT. Drink tea"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]


Prompt:
A way to tell if a rock could possibly hold Fe inside is to

Choices:
K. look at it closely
A. hover a magnet over it
C. ask someone at school
B. take the rock home

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "A way to tell if a rock could possibly hold Fe inside is to\n\nChoices:\nK. look at it closely\nA. hover a magnet over it\nC. ask someone at school\nB. take the rock home"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]


Prompt:
When water freezes, that water

Choices:
S. undergoes a change opposite to compressor
A. takes up less space
G. heats up by at least 10 degrees
N. breaks into little pieces

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "When water freezes, that water\n\nChoices:\nS. undergoes a change opposite to compressor\nA. takes up less space\nG. heats up by at least 10 degrees\nN. breaks into little pieces"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]


Prompt:
Water boiling in a pot on a stove is an example of

Choices:
A. hydroplaning
M. freezing
E. thermal conduction
B. electrocution

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "Water boiling in a pot on a stove is an example of\n\nChoices:\nA. hydroplaning\nM. freezing\nE. thermal conduction\nB. electrocution"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]


Prompt:
Which municipality does the hamlet of Kruishaar belong to?

Choices:
G. The hamlet of Kruishaar does not belong to any municipality.
H. The hamlet of Kruishaar belongs to the municipality of Putten.
F. The hamlet of Kruishaar belongs to the municipality of Gelderland.
E. The hamlet of Kruishaar belongs to the municipality of Nijkerk.
N. The hamlet of Kruishaar belongs to the municipality of Amersfoort.

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which municipality does the hamlet of Kruishaar belong to?\n\nChoices:\nG. The hamlet of Kruishaar does not belong to any municipality.\nH. The hamlet of Kruishaar belongs to the municipality of Putten.\nF. The hamlet of Kruishaar belongs to the municipality of Gelderland.\nE. The hamlet of Kruishaar belongs to the municipality of Nijkerk.\nN. The hamlet of Kruishaar belongs to the municipality of Amersfoort."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]


Prompt:
Usually done on computers, what do you call sets of equations that take into account many factors to represent a phenomenon?

Choices:
F. analogous models
H. spreadsheets
I. fractals
K. mathematical models

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "Usually done on computers, what do you call sets of equations that take into account many factors to represent a phenomenon?\n\nChoices:\nF. analogous models\nH. spreadsheets\nI. fractals\nK. mathematical models"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]

{"support": "Mathematical models are sets of equations that take into account many factors to represent a phenomenon. Mathematical models are usually done on computers."}


Prompt:
Where is the pituitary gland?

Choices:
N. thyroid
B. brain
M. lung
F. heart

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "Where is the pituitary gland?\n\nChoices:\nN. thyroid\nB. brain\nM. lung\nF. heart"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]

{"support": "The regulation of Leydig cell production of testosterone begins outside of the testes. The hypothalamus and the pituitary gland in the brain integrate external and internal signals to control testosterone synthesis and secretion. The regulation begins in the hypothalamus. Pulsatile release of a hormone called gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus stimulates the endocrine release of hormones from the pituitary gland. Binding of GnRH to its receptors on the anterior pituitary"}


Prompt:
The final stage of labor is delivery of the what?

Choices:
I. placenta
B. embryo
Q. umbilical cord
N. uterus

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "The final stage of labor is delivery of the what?\n\nChoices:\nI. placenta\nB. embryo\nQ. umbilical cord\nN. uterus"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]


Prompt:
What could be put on a wall so that a neighbor stops complaining about your guitar playing at night?

Choices:
O. carpet
P. curtains
D. wallpaper
J. paint

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "What could be put on a wall so that a neighbor stops complaining about your guitar playing at night?\n\nChoices:\nO. carpet\nP. curtains\nD. wallpaper\nJ. paint"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]


Prompt:
What two ways do fruits mainly disperse seeds?

Choices:
N. animals and wind
C. birds and wind
R. bees and water
P. roots and decay

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "What two ways do fruits mainly disperse seeds?\n\nChoices:\nN. animals and wind\nC. birds and wind\nR. bees and water\nP. roots and decay"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "Fruits are adapted to disperse seeds with the help of animals or the wind."}


Prompt:
What is a genetic disorder in which blood fails to clot properly because a normal clotting factor in the blood is lacking?

Choices:
A. anemia
R. hypertension
S. sickle cell
B. hemophilia

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is a genetic disorder in which blood fails to clot properly because a normal clotting factor in the blood is lacking?\n\nChoices:\nA. anemia\nR. hypertension\nS. sickle cell\nB. hemophilia"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]

{"support": "Hemophilia is a genetic disorder in which blood fails to clot properly because a normal clotting factor in the blood is lacking. In people with hemophilia, even a minor injury can cause a life-threatening loss of blood. Most cases of hemophilia are caused by a recessive gene on the X chromosome. The disorder is expressed much more commonly in males because they have just one X chromosome."}


Prompt:
During telophase , the chromosomes begin to uncoil and form what?

Choices:
D. mitochondria
F. mucosa
S. chromatin
K. nucleus

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "During telophase , the chromosomes begin to uncoil and form what?\n\nChoices:\nD. mitochondria\nF. mucosa\nS. chromatin\nK. nucleus"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"support": "During telophase , the chromosomes begin to uncoil and form chromatin. This prepares the genetic material for directing the metabolic activities of the new cells. The spindle also breaks down, and new nuclear membranes form."}


Prompt:
Cnidarians are an ancient phylum of what?

Choices:
B. fungi
K. arthropods
M. eumetazoans
R. sporozoans

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "Cnidarians are an ancient phylum of what?\n\nChoices:\nB. fungi\nK. arthropods\nM. eumetazoans\nR. sporozoans"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]

{"support": "33.2 Cnidarians are an ancient phylum of eumetazoans."}


Prompt:
Taking a fingernail and pressing it to salt will show

Choices:
I. it is dry
L. it is malleable
R. it is wet
Q. it is salty

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "Taking a fingernail and pressing it to salt will show\n\nChoices:\nI. it is dry\nL. it is malleable\nR. it is wet\nQ. it is salty"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]


Prompt:
The classes anthozoa, scyphozoa, cubozoa, and hydrozoa make up what phylum?

Choices:
N. cnidaria
E. poriferia
Q. crinoids
O. mollusca

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "The classes anthozoa, scyphozoa, cubozoa, and hydrozoa make up what phylum?\n\nChoices:\nN. cnidaria\nE. poriferia\nQ. crinoids\nO. mollusca"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "differentiated cell types in each tissue layer, such as nerve cells, enzyme-secreting cells, and nutrient-absorbing cells, as well as intercellular connections between the cells. However, organs and organ systems are not present in this phylum. The nervous system is primitive, with nerve cells scattered across the body in a network. The function of the nerve cells is to carry signals from sensory cells and to contractile cells. Groups of cells in the nerve net form nerve cords that may be essent"}


Prompt:
What is the process by which rocks and other sediments are picked up by a glacier?

Choices:
A. pulling
E. freezing
C. plucking
M. picking

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the process by which rocks and other sediments are picked up by a glacier?\n\nChoices:\nA. pulling\nE. freezing\nC. plucking\nM. picking"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"support": "Plucking is the process by which rocks and other sediments are picked up by a glacier. They freeze to the bottom of the glacier and are carried away by the flowing ice."}


Prompt:
Strength, the ability of a muscle to use force during a contraction, differs from what term meaning the ability of a muscle to continue to contract over time without getting tired?

Choices:
A. endurance
R. energy
O. recovery
S. resilience

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "Strength, the ability of a muscle to use force during a contraction, differs from what term meaning the ability of a muscle to continue to contract over time without getting tired?\n\nChoices:\nA. endurance\nR. energy\nO. recovery\nS. resilience"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]

{"support": "Exercise improves both muscular strength and muscular endurance. Muscular strength is the ability of a muscle to use force during a contraction. Muscular endurance is the ability of a muscle to continue to contract over a long time without getting tired."}


Prompt:
The reason that flies can always find food is that they can smell

Choices:
J. organism decay
R. dying animals
Q. rotting trees
M. bad smells

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "The reason that flies can always find food is that they can smell\n\nChoices:\nJ. organism decay\nR. dying animals\nQ. rotting trees\nM. bad smells"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]


Prompt:
Sediment built up around the shed due to:

Choices:
H. tornado
C. luck.
E. cars
F. magic

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "Sediment built up around the shed due to:\n\nChoices:\nH. tornado\nC. luck.\nE. cars\nF. magic"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]


Prompt:
How did President Jackson respond to Congress's re-chartering of the Second Bank of the United States?

Choices:
T. He wrote a counterproposal.
H. He gave states the right to implement it or not.
B. He signed it into law.
I. He vetoed it.

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "How did President Jackson respond to Congress's re-chartering of the Second Bank of the United States?\n\nChoices:\nT. He wrote a counterproposal.\nH. He gave states the right to implement it or not.\nB. He signed it into law.\nI. He vetoed it."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 2836, "id": 2836, "original_answer": "A", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
Hormones that share what usually perform the same function?

Choices:
B. temperature
G. glandular process
S. radiation class
D. chemical class

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "Hormones that share what usually perform the same function?\n\nChoices:\nB. temperature\nG. glandular process\nS. radiation class\nD. chemical class"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]


Prompt:
This can be used to light up a light bulb

Choices:
O. stones.
K. biofuel
T. grass
E. dirt

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "This can be used to light up a light bulb\n\nChoices:\nO. stones.\nK. biofuel\nT. grass\nE. dirt"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]


Prompt:
on which of these does a ball fall faster from a height?

Choices:
I. on pluto
S. our world
Q. none of these
D. on the moon

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "on which of these does a ball fall faster from a height?\n\nChoices:\nI. on pluto\nS. our world\nQ. none of these\nD. on the moon"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]


Prompt:
What category of animals in the vertebrate group has a relatively small brain but highly developed sense organs?

Choices:
I. arthropods
K. mammals
A. primates
M. fish

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "What category of animals in the vertebrate group has a relatively small brain but highly developed sense organs?\n\nChoices:\nI. arthropods\nK. mammals\nA. primates\nM. fish"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]

{"support": "Fish have a nervous system with a brain. Fish brains are small compared with the brains of other vertebrates. However, they are large and complex compared with the brains of invertebrates. Fish also have highly developed sense organs. They include organs to see, hear, feel, smell, and taste."}


Prompt:
In order for a journal to be produced, it first requires

Choices:
C. enough money to buy a house
T. an incredible amount of fame
D. lucky text written on trees
O. matter which is typically written on

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "In order for a journal to be produced, it first requires\n\nChoices:\nC. enough money to buy a house\nT. an incredible amount of fame\nD. lucky text written on trees\nO. matter which is typically written on"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]