Prompt:
Oncogenesis is one name for the process where normal cells turn into what?

Choices:
C. brain cells
G. lung cells
N. cancer cells
P. blood cells

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "Oncogenesis is one name for the process where normal cells turn into what?\n\nChoices:\nC. brain cells\nG. lung cells\nN. cancer cells\nP. blood cells"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "Carcinogenesis is the process by which normal cells are transformed into cancer cells. The process is also known as oncogenesis or tumorigenesis and it depends on both the activation of oncogenes and deactivation of tumor suppressor genes . Proto-oncogenes, the non-cancerous normal version of an oncogene, can be a transcription factor like c-fos, c-jun and c-myc, or a gene whose product is involved in signal transduction, leading to altered gene expression. When mutations cause the regulation of"}


Prompt:
Where are slimy sculpins native to?

Choices:
O. Australia and New Zealand
T. South America and Africa
S. United States, Canada, and the Russian Federation
A. Europe and Asia

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "Where are slimy sculpins native to?\n\nChoices:\nO. Australia and New Zealand\nT. South America and Africa\nS. United States, Canada, and the Russian Federation\nA. Europe and Asia"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"id": 4211836, "title": "Slimy sculpin", "grade_level": "grade 3 to 5", "question_index": 0}


Prompt:
What are the two types of vascular tissue?

Choices:
B. ectoderm and phloem
R. phloem and phlegm
S. xylem and phloem
A. cytoplasm and ectoplasm

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "What are the two types of vascular tissue?\n\nChoices:\nB. ectoderm and phloem\nR. phloem and phlegm\nS. xylem and phloem\nA. cytoplasm and ectoplasm"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]


Prompt:
How many people lived in Port Franklin according to the 2006 census?

Choices:
F. 2
B. 121
P. 182
K. 113
D. The population of Port Franklin according to the 2006 census is not mentioned in the given excerpt.

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "How many people lived in Port Franklin according to the 2006 census?\n\nChoices:\nF. 2\nB. 121\nP. 182\nK. 113\nD. The population of Port Franklin according to the 2006 census is not mentioned in the given excerpt."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]


Prompt:
What are the three main types of rocks?

Choices:
G. sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic
C. plutonic, igneous and metmorphic
N. limestone , igneous and metamorphic
H. crystalline , igneous and metamorphic

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "What are the three main types of rocks?\n\nChoices:\nG. sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic\nC. plutonic, igneous and metmorphic\nN. limestone , igneous and metamorphic\nH. crystalline , igneous and metamorphic"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"support": "A geologic map shows the different rocks that are exposed at the surface of a region. Rock units are shown in a color identified in a key. On the geologic map of the Grand Canyon, for example, different rock types are shown in different colors. Some people call the Grand Canyon \"layer cake geology\" because most of the rock units are in layers. Rock units show up on both sides of a stream valley."}


Prompt:
The heart is within which of the following?

Choices:
O. posterior (dorsal) cavity
C. All of the above
I. cranial cavity
G. mediastinum

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "The heart is within which of the following?\n\nChoices:\nO. posterior (dorsal) cavity\nC. All of the above\nI. cranial cavity\nG. mediastinum"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 106, "id": 106, "original_answer": "B", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
A glacier is an example of h20 in which state of matter?

Choices:
P. solid
M. stable
K. liquid
L. gas

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "A glacier is an example of h20 in which state of matter?\n\nChoices:\nP. solid\nM. stable\nK. liquid\nL. gas"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"support": "The state of matter is a physical property of that matter. H 2 O can exist in three different states of matter. This glacier is obviously a solid state of H 2 O, floating in the liquid state. Why does the ice float on water? Which has a greater density, solid H 2 O or liquid H 2 O?."}


Prompt:
Within a particular habitat, what can be characterized by its size or density?

Choices:
D. total
H. group
J. percent
M. population

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "Within a particular habitat, what can be characterized by its size or density?\n\nChoices:\nD. total\nH. group\nJ. percent\nM. population"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]

{"support": "Population Size and Density The study of any population usually begins by determining how many individuals of a particular species exist, and how closely associated they are with each other. Within a particular habitat, a population can be characterized by its population size (N), the total number of individuals, and its population density, the number of individuals within a specific area or volume. Population size and density are the two main characteristics used to describe and understand popu"}


Prompt:
Which divisions were featured in the first regular-season event of the 2023 PFL mixed martial arts tournament?

Choices:
R. Featherweight and Light Heavyweight divisions.
H. Lightweight and Middleweight divisions.
C. Lightweight and Welterweight divisions.
M. Middleweight and Heavyweight divisions.
B. Bantamweight and Flyweight divisions.

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which divisions were featured in the first regular-season event of the 2023 PFL mixed martial arts tournament?\n\nChoices:\nR. Featherweight and Light Heavyweight divisions.\nH. Lightweight and Middleweight divisions.\nC. Lightweight and Welterweight divisions.\nM. Middleweight and Heavyweight divisions.\nB. Bantamweight and Flyweight divisions."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]


Prompt:
What term is used to describe the attractive force between molecules of the same substance?

Choices:
E. cohesion
M. magnetism
P. strength
T. attraction

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "What term is used to describe the attractive force between molecules of the same substance?\n\nChoices:\nE. cohesion\nM. magnetism\nP. strength\nT. attraction"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]


Prompt:
Earth rotating on its axis

Choices:
M. causes Orion to seemingly change position in the sky
K. causes the Sun to rotate
H. causes the moon to loss gravitational pull
L. causes stars to die out

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "Earth rotating on its axis\n\nChoices:\nM. causes Orion to seemingly change position in the sky\nK. causes the Sun to rotate\nH. causes the moon to loss gravitational pull\nL. causes stars to die out"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]


Prompt:
What would a rabbit most likely eat

Choices:
Q. mouse
S. rhododendron
K. squid
N. squirrel

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "What would a rabbit most likely eat\n\nChoices:\nQ. mouse\nS. rhododendron\nK. squid\nN. squirrel"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]


Prompt:
In physics, the number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given amount time is referred to as what ?

Choices:
M. wave count
L. combination frequency
D. wave frequency
H. creation frequency

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "In physics, the number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given amount time is referred to as what ?\n\nChoices:\nM. wave count\nL. combination frequency\nD. wave frequency\nH. creation frequency"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]

{"support": "Wave speed is related to both wavelength and wave frequency. Wavelength is the distance between two corresponding points on adjacent waves. Wave frequency is the number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given amount of time. This equation shows how the three factors are related:."}


Prompt:
okra has to have water, sun and what to grow

Choices:
E. Earth
L. planter
P. music
B. shade

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "okra has to have water, sun and what to grow\n\nChoices:\nE. Earth\nL. planter\nP. music\nB. shade"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]


Prompt:
plant life is completely dependent on what?

Choices:
O. food at the store
D. food given to it
M. buying some good food
A. creating self sustenance food

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "plant life is completely dependent on what?\n\nChoices:\nO. food at the store\nD. food given to it\nM. buying some good food\nA. creating self sustenance food"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]


Prompt:
In the primary response to infection, what are secreted first from plasma cells?

Choices:
L. parasites
N. antibodies
E. pathogens
F. platelets

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "In the primary response to infection, what are secreted first from plasma cells?\n\nChoices:\nL. parasites\nN. antibodies\nE. pathogens\nF. platelets"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "Figure 17.18 In the primary response to infection, antibodies are secreted first from plasma cells. Upon re-exposure to the same pathogen, memory cells differentiate into antibody-secreting plasma cells that output a greater amount of antibody for a longer period of time."}


Prompt:
Density is considered what type of property, because it does not depend on the amount of material present in the sample?

Choices:
D. independent variable
O. experimental property
L. exensive property
I. intensive property

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "Density is considered what type of property, because it does not depend on the amount of material present in the sample?\n\nChoices:\nD. independent variable\nO. experimental property\nL. exensive property\nI. intensive property"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"support": "Density is an intensive property, meaning that it does not depend on the amount of material present in the sample. Water has a density of 1.0 g/mL. That density is the same whether you have a small glass of water or a swimming pool full of water. Density is a property that is constant for the particular identity of the matter being studied."}


Prompt:
Two females usually can produce

Choices:
F. nothing
J. a progeny
P. children
B. offspring

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "Two females usually can produce\n\nChoices:\nF. nothing\nJ. a progeny\nP. children\nB. offspring"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]


Prompt:
Which of the following statements is true about the genus Alvarezsaurus based on the provided Wikipedia excerpt?

Choices:
E. Alvarezsaurus was a large dinosaur, measuring over 10 meters long.
R. Alvarezsaurus weighed approximately 10 kg.
F. Alvarezsaurus is a species of alvarezsaurid dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous.
M. Alvarezsaurus lived during the Jurassic period.
O. Alvarezsaurus was named after the paleontologist José Bonaparte.

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which of the following statements is true about the genus Alvarezsaurus based on the provided Wikipedia excerpt?\n\nChoices:\nE. Alvarezsaurus was a large dinosaur, measuring over 10 meters long.\nR. Alvarezsaurus weighed approximately 10 kg.\nF. Alvarezsaurus is a species of alvarezsaurid dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous.\nM. Alvarezsaurus lived during the Jurassic period.\nO. Alvarezsaurus was named after the paleontologist José Bonaparte."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]


Prompt:
Magma contains

Choices:
T. particles of iron
H. Loads of leaves
L. Silly Putty
N. Soda

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "Magma contains\n\nChoices:\nT. particles of iron\nH. Loads of leaves\nL. Silly Putty\nN. Soda"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]


Prompt:
If the source of a bean is very far away, and the bean becomes a source for another, separate bean, then the original bean was

Choices:
Q. a bad seed
M. a fresh shell
L. a meaty liver
S. a dispersed seed

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "If the source of a bean is very far away, and the bean becomes a source for another, separate bean, then the original bean was\n\nChoices:\nQ. a bad seed\nM. a fresh shell\nL. a meaty liver\nS. a dispersed seed"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]


Prompt:
What is calculated by dividing the mass by the volume of a certain object?

Choices:
J. density
F. radius
T. median
A. diameter

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is calculated by dividing the mass by the volume of a certain object?\n\nChoices:\nJ. density\nF. radius\nT. median\nA. diameter"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]

{"support": "The density of a certain object is calculated by dividing the mass by the volume. Suppose that a mass of 37.46 g is divided by a volume of 12.7 cm 3 . The result on a calculator would be:."}


Prompt:
What is the force of attraction between two masses?

Choices:
T. gravity
I. momentum
F. inertia
E. electricity

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the force of attraction between two masses?\n\nChoices:\nT. gravity\nI. momentum\nF. inertia\nE. electricity"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]

{"support": "Gravity is traditionally defined as a force of attraction between two masses. Weight measures the force of gravity and is expressed in newtons (N)."}


Prompt:
Tunnel vision involves the loss of what visual fields?

Choices:
A. quickly-moving
K. underwater
O. distant
F. peripheral

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "Tunnel vision involves the loss of what visual fields?\n\nChoices:\nA. quickly-moving\nK. underwater\nO. distant\nF. peripheral"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]

{"support": "A unique clinical presentation that relates to this anatomic arrangement is the loss of lateral peripheral vision, known as bilateral hemianopia. This is different from \"tunnel vision\" because the superior and inferior peripheral fields are not lost. Visual field deficits can be disturbing for a patient, but in this case, the cause is not within the visual system itself. A growth of the pituitary gland presses against the optic chiasm and interferes with signal transmission. However, the axons p"}


Prompt:
What do you call organisms that store chemical energy in carbohydrate food molecules they produce themselves?

Choices:
L. plants
N. heterotrophs
O. autotrophs
J. omnivores

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "What do you call organisms that store chemical energy in carbohydrate food molecules they produce themselves?\n\nChoices:\nL. plants\nN. heterotrophs\nO. autotrophs\nJ. omnivores"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]

{"support": "Autotrophs, shown in the Figure below , store chemical energy in carbohydrate food molecules they produce themselves. Food is chemical energy stored in organic molecules. Food provides both the energy to do work and the carbon to build the organic structures from cells to organisms. Because most autotrophs transform sunlight to make or synthesize food, we call the process they use photosynthesis . The food produced via this process is glucose. Only three groups of organisms - plants, algae, and "}


Prompt:
A scale can

Choices:
D. let you know if the dog needs to lose a few pounds
E. measure how long a dog is
A. give an estimate of a dog's age
G. make an educated guess about a dog's breed

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "A scale can\n\nChoices:\nD. let you know if the dog needs to lose a few pounds\nE. measure how long a dog is\nA. give an estimate of a dog's age\nG. make an educated guess about a dog's breed"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]


Prompt:
A renewable resource is used to produce

Choices:
K. Styrofoam plates
Q. plastic rulers
J. notebook paper
O. petroleum

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "A renewable resource is used to produce\n\nChoices:\nK. Styrofoam plates\nQ. plastic rulers\nJ. notebook paper\nO. petroleum"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]


Prompt:
Pluto's orbit is in the kuiper?

Choices:
M. field
T. zone
C. area
N. belt

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "Pluto's orbit is in the kuiper?\n\nChoices:\nM. field\nT. zone\nC. area\nN. belt"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "Pluto's orbit is in the Kuiper belt. We have discovered more than 200 million Kuiper belt objects. Pluto has 3 moons of its own. The largest, Charon, is big. Some scientists think that Pluto-Charon system is a double dwarf planet ( Figure below ). Two smaller moons, Nix and Hydra, were discovered in 2005."}


Prompt:
Organisms that obtain food from outside themselves (i.e. they don't make their own food) are known as what?

Choices:
A. fungi
N. heterotrophs
L. zygotes
O. autotrophs

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "Organisms that obtain food from outside themselves (i.e. they don't make their own food) are known as what?\n\nChoices:\nA. fungi\nN. heterotrophs\nL. zygotes\nO. autotrophs"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "Fungi are heterotrophs, meaning they obtain food from outside themselves."}


Prompt:
What is a substance that can not be broken down any further into other substances?

Choices:
C. pure substance
M. pure molecule
S. unbreakable substance
A. pure material

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is a substance that can not be broken down any further into other substances?\n\nChoices:\nC. pure substance\nM. pure molecule\nS. unbreakable substance\nA. pure material"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"support": "pure substance that cannot be broken down into other types of substances."}


Prompt:
By what processes does the ocean modify landforms?

Choices:
K. sweeping and deposition
M. splash and deposition
G. erosion and deposition
E. shape and deposition

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "By what processes does the ocean modify landforms?\n\nChoices:\nK. sweeping and deposition\nM. splash and deposition\nG. erosion and deposition\nE. shape and deposition"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"support": "The power of the ocean modifies landforms by erosion and deposition. Landforms modified by both erosion and deposition are seen in this photo. The cliff is being eroded by incoming waves. The beach is being created as sand is being deposited."}


Prompt:
A running car engine could

Choices:
P. cause the trunk to pop open
K. leave the hood cold to the touch
M. cause the car doors to spring open
H. leave the hood hot to the touch

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "A running car engine could\n\nChoices:\nP. cause the trunk to pop open\nK. leave the hood cold to the touch\nM. cause the car doors to spring open\nH. leave the hood hot to the touch"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]


Prompt:
When was the NCAA Division III Men's Golf Championships first played as a separate tournament from the NCAA College Division Men's Golf Championships?

Choices:
C. It has been played annually since 1995.
D. It has been played annually since 2005.
O. It has been played annually since 1975.
N. It has been played annually since 1985.
S. It has been played annually since 1965.

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "When was the NCAA Division III Men's Golf Championships first played as a separate tournament from the NCAA College Division Men's Golf Championships?\n\nChoices:\nC. It has been played annually since 1995.\nD. It has been played annually since 2005.\nO. It has been played annually since 1975.\nN. It has been played annually since 1985.\nS. It has been played annually since 1965."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]


Prompt:
To experience evaporation you can

Choices:
P. Pour water into a lake
M. Watch the rain fall
G. Run water in a facet
I. Put plastic over a plant

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "To experience evaporation you can\n\nChoices:\nP. Pour water into a lake\nM. Watch the rain fall\nG. Run water in a facet\nI. Put plastic over a plant"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]


Prompt:
Which zone is Crayford railway station located in?

Choices:
N. Zone 6
M. Zone 12
I. Zone 9
Q. Zone 3
C. Zone 1

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which zone is Crayford railway station located in?\n\nChoices:\nN. Zone 6\nM. Zone 12\nI. Zone 9\nQ. Zone 3\nC. Zone 1"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]


Prompt:
Typically, what feature of an angiosperm has four main parts known as the calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium?

Choices:
F. glass
L. flower
S. leaves
D. stem

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "Typically, what feature of an angiosperm has four main parts known as the calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium?\n\nChoices:\nF. glass\nL. flower\nS. leaves\nD. stem"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]

{"support": "Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms The lifecycle of angiosperms follows the alternation of generations explained previously. The haploid gametophyte alternates with the diploid sporophyte during the sexual reproduction process of angiosperms. Flowers contain the plant's reproductive structures. Flower Structure A typical flower has four main parts—or whorls—known as the calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium (Figure 32.3). The outermost whorl of the flower has green, leafy structures known as"}


Prompt:
Where is the American radio station KQIC located?

Choices:
J. Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States.
Q. Rochester, Minnesota, United States.
S. St. Paul, Minnesota, United States.
T. Duluth, Minnesota, United States.
F. Willmar, Minnesota, United States.

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "Where is the American radio station KQIC located?\n\nChoices:\nJ. Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States.\nQ. Rochester, Minnesota, United States.\nS. St. Paul, Minnesota, United States.\nT. Duluth, Minnesota, United States.\nF. Willmar, Minnesota, United States."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]


Prompt:
What is the complex network of nervous tissue that carries electrical messages throughout the body?

Choices:
P. lymphatic system
T. nervous system
M. respiratory system
C. circulatory system

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the complex network of nervous tissue that carries electrical messages throughout the body?\n\nChoices:\nP. lymphatic system\nT. nervous system\nM. respiratory system\nC. circulatory system"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]

{"support": "A small child darts in front of your bike as you race down the street. You see the child and immediately react. You put on the brakes, steer away from the child, and yell out a warning, all in just a split second. How do you respond so quickly? Such rapid responses are controlled by your nervous system. The nervous system is a complex network of nervous tissue that carries electrical messages throughout the body. It includes the brain and spinal cord, the central nervous system , and nerves that"}


Prompt:
What is the significance of Pasay City West High School's location in Pasay, Philippines?

Choices:
I. The school is known for its prime location, offering easy accessibility for students residing in Pasay.
N. The local community greatly values the educational opportunities provided by the school.
O. It is situated on a popular tourist street, attracting visitors from all over the world.
E. Pasay City West High School is the only public high school in Pasay, Philippines.
Q. The school is known for its historical significance, dating back to the Spanish colonial era.

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the significance of Pasay City West High School's location in Pasay, Philippines?\n\nChoices:\nI. The school is known for its prime location, offering easy accessibility for students residing in Pasay.\nN. The local community greatly values the educational opportunities provided by the school.\nO. It is situated on a popular tourist street, attracting visitors from all over the world.\nE. Pasay City West High School is the only public high school in Pasay, Philippines.\nQ. The school is known for its historical significance, dating back to the Spanish colonial era."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]


Prompt:
In which way do particles of water move in deep water?

Choices:
N. ellipses
K. parabolas
Q. circles
I. currents

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "In which way do particles of water move in deep water?\n\nChoices:\nN. ellipses\nK. parabolas\nQ. circles\nI. currents"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"support": "In deep water, particles of water just move in circles. They don't actually move closer to shore with the energy of the waves. However, near the shore where the water is shallow, the waves behave differently. They start to drag on the bottom, creating friction (see Figure below ). The friction slows down the bottoms of the waves, while the tops of the waves keep moving at the same speed. This causes the waves to get steeper until they topple over and crash on the shore. The crashing waves carry "}


Prompt:
If an organism is existing then it is made up of

Choices:
L. soil
O. life material
A. sap
R. cola

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "If an organism is existing then it is made up of\n\nChoices:\nL. soil\nO. life material\nA. sap\nR. cola"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]


Prompt:
What type of diseases are diseases that are caused by choices that people make in their daily lives?

Choices:
I. lifestyle diseases
F. congenital diseases
K. contagious diseases
R. benign diseases

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "What type of diseases are diseases that are caused by choices that people make in their daily lives?\n\nChoices:\nI. lifestyle diseases\nF. congenital diseases\nK. contagious diseases\nR. benign diseases"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"support": "We know that many respiratory illnesses are caused by bacteria or viruses. There are steps you can take to help the spread of these pathogens, and also to prevent you from catching one. Furthermore, many respiratory illnesses are caused by poor habits, such as smoking. Many of the diseases related to smoking are called lifestyle diseases . Lifestyle diseases are diseases that are caused by choices that people make in their daily lives. For example, the choice to smoke can lead to emphysema, canc"}


Prompt:
What term means the minimum energy required in order for a collision between molecules to result in a chemical reaction?

Choices:
P. solar energy
L. activation energy
E. maximum energy
S. depletion energy

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "What term means the minimum energy required in order for a collision between molecules to result in a chemical reaction?\n\nChoices:\nP. solar energy\nL. activation energy\nE. maximum energy\nS. depletion energy"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]

{"support": "Summary A minimum energy (activation energy, Ea) is required for a collision between molecules to result in a chemical reaction. Plots of potential energy for a system versus the reaction coordinate show an energy barrier that must be overcome for the reaction to occur. The arrangement of atoms at the highest point of this barrier is the activated complex, or transition state, of the reaction. At a given temperature, the higher the Ea, the slower the reaction. The fraction of orientations that r"}


Prompt:
Where is Trafos located?

Choices:
H. On the northern coast of Crete
I. In the Mediterranean Sea
R. Off the southern coast of Crete
G. In the Aegean Sea
O. Off the coast of Italy

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "Where is Trafos located?\n\nChoices:\nH. On the northern coast of Crete\nI. In the Mediterranean Sea\nR. Off the southern coast of Crete\nG. In the Aegean Sea\nO. Off the coast of Italy"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]


Prompt:
What position did "Party for One" hold on Rolling Stone's list of 50 Best Songs of 2018?

Choices:
K. "Party for One" ranked at #5 on Rolling Stone's list of 50 Best Songs of 2018.
Q. "Party for One" ranked at #25 on Rolling Stone's list of 50 Best Songs of 2018.
O. "Party for One" ranked at #50 on Rolling Stone's list of 50 Best Songs of 2018.
A. "Party for One" ranked at #1 on Rolling Stone's list of 50 Best Songs of 2018.
H. "Party for One" did not make it onto Rolling Stone's list of 50 Best Songs of 2018.

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "What position did \"Party for One\" hold on Rolling Stone's list of 50 Best Songs of 2018?\n\nChoices:\nK. \"Party for One\" ranked at #5 on Rolling Stone's list of 50 Best Songs of 2018.\nQ. \"Party for One\" ranked at #25 on Rolling Stone's list of 50 Best Songs of 2018.\nO. \"Party for One\" ranked at #50 on Rolling Stone's list of 50 Best Songs of 2018.\nA. \"Party for One\" ranked at #1 on Rolling Stone's list of 50 Best Songs of 2018.\nH. \"Party for One\" did not make it onto Rolling Stone's list of 50 Best Songs of 2018."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]


Prompt:
A squirrel likely

Choices:
H. stores food for the spring
M. stores food for upcoming harsh conditions
L. stores food for the summer
P. has little need to store food

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "A squirrel likely\n\nChoices:\nH. stores food for the spring\nM. stores food for upcoming harsh conditions\nL. stores food for the summer\nP. has little need to store food"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]


Prompt:
What is used to report the results of scientific measurements?

Choices:
Q. bi units
R. los units
M. si units
H. latin units

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is used to report the results of scientific measurements?\n\nChoices:\nQ. bi units\nR. los units\nM. si units\nH. latin units"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]

{"support": "The number in the measurement can be represented in different ways, including decimal form and scientific notation. (Scientific notation is also known as exponential notation; a review of this topic can be found in Appendix B. ) For example, the maximum takeoff weight of a Boeing 777-200ER airliner is 298,000 kilograms, which can also be written as 2.98 × 105 kg. The mass of the average mosquito is about 0.0000025 kilograms, which can be written as 2.5 × 10−6 kg. Units, such as liters, pounds, a"}


Prompt:
What enzyme is found in the small intestine catalyzes the hydrolysis of lactose?

Choices:
E. lipase
Q. lactase
G. elastases
P. amylase

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "What enzyme is found in the small intestine catalyzes the hydrolysis of lactose?\n\nChoices:\nE. lipase\nQ. lactase\nG. elastases\nP. amylase"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"support": "Chymotrypsin is found in the small intestine and catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds following aromatic amino acids. Lactase is found in the small intestine and catalyzes the hydrolysis of lactose. Pepsin is found in the stomach and catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds, primarily those that occur after aromatic amino acids. Maltase is found in the small intestine and catalyzes the hydrolysis of maltose."}


Prompt:
In an experiment, chemical splashing can happen so

Choices:
E. be messy
Q. be playful
N. be dangerous
P. be safe

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "In an experiment, chemical splashing can happen so\n\nChoices:\nE. be messy\nQ. be playful\nN. be dangerous\nP. be safe"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]


Prompt:
What would classify students in a class differently?

Choices:
R. favorite animal
S. home planet
H. current school
F. species

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "What would classify students in a class differently?\n\nChoices:\nR. favorite animal\nS. home planet\nH. current school\nF. species"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]


Prompt:
Context:
Policies and the People In the previous chapters you looked at the policies of the East India
Company and the effect they had on different people. Kings, queens, peasants, landlords,
tribals, soldiers were all affected in different ways. You have also seen how people resist
policies and actions that harm their interests or go against their sentiments. Nawabs lose their
power Since the mid-eighteenth century, nawabs and rajas had seen their power erode. They
had gradually lost their authority and honour. Residents had been stationed in many courts, the
freedom of the rulers reduced, their armed forces disbanded, and their revenues and territories
taken away by stages. Many ruling families tried to negotiate with the Company to protect their
interests. For example, Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi wanted the Company to recognise her
adopted son as the heir to the kingdom after the death of her husband. Nana Saheb, the
adopted son of Peshwa Baji Rao II, pleaded that he be given his father�s pension when the
latter died. However, the Company, confident of its superiority and military powers, turned down
these pleas. Awadh was one of the last territories to be annexed. In 1801, a subsidiary alliance
was imposed on Awadh, and in 1856 it was taken over. Governor-General Dalhousie declared
that the territory was being misgoverned and British rule was needed to ensure proper
administration. The Company even began to plan how to bring the Mughal dynasty to an end.
The name of the Mughal king was removed from the coins minted by the Company. In 1849,
Governor-General Dalhousie announced that after the death of Bahadur Shah Zafar, the family
of the king would be shifted out of the Red Fort and given another place in Delhi to reside in. In
1856, Governor-General Canning decided that Bahadur Shah Zafar would be the last Mughal
king and after his death none of his descendants would be recognised as kings � they would
just be called princes. The peasants and the sepoys In the countryside, peasants and
zamindars resented the high taxes and the rigid methods of revenue collection. Many failed to
pay back their loans to the moneylenders and gradually lost the lands they had tilled for
generations. The Indian sepoys in the employ of the Company also had reasons for discontent.
They were unhappy about their pay, allowances and conditions of service. Some of the new
rules, moreover, violated their religious sensibilities and beliefs. Did you know that in those days
many people in the country believed that if they crossed the sea they would lose their religion
and caste? So when in 1824, the sepoys were told to go to Burma by the sea route to fight for
the Company, they refused to follow the order, though they agreed to go by the land route. They
were severely punished, and since the issue did not die down, in 1856 the Company passed a
new law which stated that every new person who took up employment in the Company�s army
had to agree to serve overseas if required. Sepoys als

Question:
What motivated smaller rulers to potentially join a rebellion led by Bahadur Shah Zafar?

Choices:
N. Personal loyalty to the Mughal emperor
R. Desire for revenge against the British
I. Fear of being punished if they didn't participate Section 3: Hard (Analyzing & Evaluating)
H. Hope of regaining their lost autonomy under Mughal authority

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "Context:\nPolicies and the People In the previous chapters you looked at the policies of the East India\nCompany and the effect they had on different people. Kings, queens, peasants, landlords,\ntribals, soldiers were all affected in different ways. You have also seen how people resist\npolicies and actions that harm their interests or go against their sentiments. Nawabs lose their\npower Since the mid-eighteenth century, nawabs and rajas had seen their power erode. They\nhad gradually lost their authority and honour. Residents had been stationed in many courts, the\nfreedom of the rulers reduced, their armed forces disbanded, and their revenues and territories\ntaken away by stages. Many ruling families tried to negotiate with the Company to protect their\ninterests. For example, Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi wanted the Company to recognise her\nadopted son as the heir to the kingdom after the death of her husband. Nana Saheb, the\nadopted son of Peshwa Baji Rao II, pleaded that he be given his father�s pension when the\nlatter died. However, the Company, confident of its superiority and military powers, turned down\nthese pleas. Awadh was one of the last territories to be annexed. In 1801, a subsidiary alliance\nwas imposed on Awadh, and in 1856 it was taken over. Governor-General Dalhousie declared\nthat the territory was being misgoverned and British rule was needed to ensure proper\nadministration. The Company even began to plan how to bring the Mughal dynasty to an end.\nThe name of the Mughal king was removed from the coins minted by the Company. In 1849,\nGovernor-General Dalhousie announced that after the death of Bahadur Shah Zafar, the family\nof the king would be shifted out of the Red Fort and given another place in Delhi to reside in. In\n1856, Governor-General Canning decided that Bahadur Shah Zafar would be the last Mughal\nking and after his death none of his descendants would be recognised as kings � they would\njust be called princes. The peasants and the sepoys In the countryside, peasants and\nzamindars resented the high taxes and the rigid methods of revenue collection. Many failed to\npay back their loans to the moneylenders and gradually lost the lands they had tilled for\ngenerations. The Indian sepoys in the employ of the Company also had reasons for discontent.\nThey were unhappy about their pay, allowances and conditions of service. Some of the new\nrules, moreover, violated their religious sensibilities and beliefs. Did you know that in those days\nmany people in the country believed that if they crossed the sea they would lose their religion\nand caste? So when in 1824, the sepoys were told to go to Burma by the sea route to fight for\nthe Company, they refused to follow the order, though they agreed to go by the land route. They\nwere severely punished, and since the issue did not die down, in 1856 the Company passed a\nnew law which stated that every new person who took up employment in the Company�s army\nhad to agree to serve overseas if required. Sepoys als\n\nQuestion:\nWhat motivated smaller rulers to potentially join a rebellion led by Bahadur Shah Zafar?\n\nChoices:\nN. Personal loyalty to the Mughal emperor\nR. Desire for revenge against the British\nI. Fear of being punished if they didn't participate Section 3: Hard (Analyzing & Evaluating)\nH. Hope of regaining their lost autonomy under Mughal authority"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]


Prompt:
What color is the head of a red-masked parakeet?

Choices:
H. Mostly red
J. Green with a red nape
R. Bright green
F. All green

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "What color is the head of a red-masked parakeet?\n\nChoices:\nH. Mostly red\nJ. Green with a red nape\nR. Bright green\nF. All green"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]

{"id": 1591922, "title": "Red-masked parakeet", "grade_level": "grade 3 to 5", "question_index": 0}


Prompt:
If something good is increased, survival of organisms needing it increase, such as when

Choices:
T. amoeba get nutrients
O. babies get toys
B. cars get food
R. kittens get yarn

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "If something good is increased, survival of organisms needing it increase, such as when\n\nChoices:\nT. amoeba get nutrients\nO. babies get toys\nB. cars get food\nR. kittens get yarn"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]


Prompt:
if the surface of our planet is different after a while, what could have happened?

Choices:
Q. the surface eroded on its own
C. man has damaged the surface
H. all of these
B. there were natural occurrences

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "if the surface of our planet is different after a while, what could have happened?\n\nChoices:\nQ. the surface eroded on its own\nC. man has damaged the surface\nH. all of these\nB. there were natural occurrences"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]


Prompt:
Which biomes are determined mainly by sunlight and concentrations of dissolved oxygen and nutrients in the water?

Choices:
N. symbiotic
C. aquatic
E. viral
P. bacterial

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which biomes are determined mainly by sunlight and concentrations of dissolved oxygen and nutrients in the water?\n\nChoices:\nN. symbiotic\nC. aquatic\nE. viral\nP. bacterial"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"support": "Aquatic biomes are determined mainly by sunlight and concentrations of dissolved oxygen and nutrients in the water."}


Prompt:
What is Clement Eustace Macro Wilson best known for?

Choices:
L. Being a British politician who served in Parliament for several decades.
N. Being an English professional cricketer who played for multiple clubs.
R. Being an amateur first-class cricketer and clergyman in the Church of England.
J. Being a renowned British archaeologist specializing in ancient civilizations.
I. Being a prolific author of historical fiction novels set in medieval Europe.

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is Clement Eustace Macro Wilson best known for?\n\nChoices:\nL. Being a British politician who served in Parliament for several decades.\nN. Being an English professional cricketer who played for multiple clubs.\nR. Being an amateur first-class cricketer and clergyman in the Church of England.\nJ. Being a renowned British archaeologist specializing in ancient civilizations.\nI. Being a prolific author of historical fiction novels set in medieval Europe."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]


Prompt:
Instead of heat, organisms use what to speed up reactions?

Choices:
P. synthesis
Q. metabolism
T. catalysis
G. acids

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "Instead of heat, organisms use what to speed up reactions?\n\nChoices:\nP. synthesis\nQ. metabolism\nT. catalysis\nG. acids"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]


Prompt:
What is the significance of the 1982 Bollywood film "Shiv Charan" in the world of cinema?

Choices:
C. "Shiv Charan" received critical acclaim for its groundbreaking visual effects and innovative storytelling techniques.
G. "Shiv Charan" is considered one of the most commercially successful Bollywood films of the 1980s.
S. "Shiv Charan" is recognized for pushing the boundaries of traditional filmmaking with its unconventional narrative structure.
B. "Shiv Charan" featured a star-studded cast of well-known actors who delivered exceptional performances.
A. "Shiv Charan" marked the directorial debut of K. Anil Kumar and showcased his unique directorial style.

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the significance of the 1982 Bollywood film \"Shiv Charan\" in the world of cinema?\n\nChoices:\nC. \"Shiv Charan\" received critical acclaim for its groundbreaking visual effects and innovative storytelling techniques.\nG. \"Shiv Charan\" is considered one of the most commercially successful Bollywood films of the 1980s.\nS. \"Shiv Charan\" is recognized for pushing the boundaries of traditional filmmaking with its unconventional narrative structure.\nB. \"Shiv Charan\" featured a star-studded cast of well-known actors who delivered exceptional performances.\nA. \"Shiv Charan\" marked the directorial debut of K. Anil Kumar and showcased his unique directorial style."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]


Prompt:
pushing against a rolling boulder will decrease its

Choices:
L. impetus
K. height
N. size
Q. ambitions

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "pushing against a rolling boulder will decrease its\n\nChoices:\nL. impetus\nK. height\nN. size\nQ. ambitions"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]


Prompt:
When was the book Pronominalization in Bengali first published?

Choices:
R. 2010
J. The University of Dhaka
T. 1983
B. 1976
E. Agamee Prakashani, Dhaka

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "When was the book Pronominalization in Bengali first published?\n\nChoices:\nR. 2010\nJ. The University of Dhaka\nT. 1983\nB. 1976\nE. Agamee Prakashani, Dhaka"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]


Prompt:
When you heat liquids, what happens to it's ability to break down solids?

Choices:
M. it enhances it
F. it stops
C. nothing significant
L. it lessens it

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "When you heat liquids, what happens to it's ability to break down solids?\n\nChoices:\nM. it enhances it\nF. it stops\nC. nothing significant\nL. it lessens it"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]


Prompt:
Nitrogen also is released to the environment by decaying organisms or decaying wastes. these wastes release nitrogen in the form of what?

Choices:
G. ammonium
H. sulfide
T. methane
C. hydroxide

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "Nitrogen also is released to the environment by decaying organisms or decaying wastes. these wastes release nitrogen in the form of what?\n\nChoices:\nG. ammonium\nH. sulfide\nT. methane\nC. hydroxide"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"support": "Nitrogen also is released to the environment by decaying organisms or decaying wastes. These wastes release nitrogen in the form of ammonium."}


Prompt:
What is the process of soil dissolving in rain called?

Choices:
E. abrasion
I. sedimentation
B. erosion
H. migration

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the process of soil dissolving in rain called?\n\nChoices:\nE. abrasion\nI. sedimentation\nB. erosion\nH. migration"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]

{"support": "Mechanical weathering increases the rate of chemical weathering. As rock breaks into smaller pieces, the surface area of the pieces increases. With more surfaces exposed, there are more places for chemical weathering to occur. Let's say you wanted to make some hot chocolate on a cold day. It would be hard to get a big chunk of chocolate to dissolve in your milk or hot water. Maybe you could make hot chocolate from some smaller pieces like chocolate chips, but it is much easier to add a powder to"}


Prompt:
What occurs when plants release water vapor through stomata (leaf pores)?

Choices:
T. evaporation
D. crystallization
J. inhalation
H. transpiration

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "What occurs when plants release water vapor through stomata (leaf pores)?\n\nChoices:\nT. evaporation\nD. crystallization\nJ. inhalation\nH. transpiration"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]

{"support": "Transpiration occurs when plants release water vapor through leaf pores called stomata (see Figure below ). The water is a product of photosynthesis."}


Prompt:
In which comic publications did Robert Norton Ayton work as a comics artist and illustrator?

Choices:
N. Adventure Comics and Archie Comics
B. The Dandy and DC Comics
C. Asterix and Tintin
S. The Beano and Marvel Comics
F. The Eagle and Ladybird Books

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "In which comic publications did Robert Norton Ayton work as a comics artist and illustrator?\n\nChoices:\nN. Adventure Comics and Archie Comics\nB. The Dandy and DC Comics\nC. Asterix and Tintin\nS. The Beano and Marvel Comics\nF. The Eagle and Ladybird Books"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]


Prompt:
What is Abraham Paul Wendkos known for in the entertainment industry?

Choices:
H. His groundbreaking innovations in television and film production techniques.
B. His exceptional acting skills in both television and film.
S. His ability to effortlessly transition between directing television shows and films.
N. His extensive knowledge of film history and theory, which he shared through numerous publications.
G. His notable contributions as a television and film director throughout his career.

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is Abraham Paul Wendkos known for in the entertainment industry?\n\nChoices:\nH. His groundbreaking innovations in television and film production techniques.\nB. His exceptional acting skills in both television and film.\nS. His ability to effortlessly transition between directing television shows and films.\nN. His extensive knowledge of film history and theory, which he shared through numerous publications.\nG. His notable contributions as a television and film director throughout his career."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]


Prompt:
What season includes the last month of the year in the southern hemisphere?

Choices:
I. winter
N. summer
B. fall
G. spring

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "What season includes the last month of the year in the southern hemisphere?\n\nChoices:\nI. winter\nN. summer\nB. fall\nG. spring"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]


Prompt:
What is the termination point of State Road 52 in Florida?

Choices:
C. US 98 and US 301
T. US 19 and SR 55
R. Bayonet Point
D. San Antonio and St. Leo
P. Dade City

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the termination point of State Road 52 in Florida?\n\nChoices:\nC. US 98 and US 301\nT. US 19 and SR 55\nR. Bayonet Point\nD. San Antonio and St. Leo\nP. Dade City"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]


Prompt:
What is an example of an animal needing warmth for survival?

Choices:
F. a dog eating from a dish
B. a deer nestled into long grass
E. a bat catching a mosquito
I. a rabbit hopping through the snow

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is an example of an animal needing warmth for survival?\n\nChoices:\nF. a dog eating from a dish\nB. a deer nestled into long grass\nE. a bat catching a mosquito\nI. a rabbit hopping through the snow"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]


Prompt:
Hummingbirds take what with them

Choices:
S. Honey
Q. energy
I. Bees
P. Pollen

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "Hummingbirds take what with them\n\nChoices:\nS. Honey\nQ. energy\nI. Bees\nP. Pollen"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]


Prompt:
What are the tiny, negatively charged particles in an atom that move around the positive nucleus at the center?

Choices:
J. quarks
A. neutrons
N. protons
P. electrons

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "What are the tiny, negatively charged particles in an atom that move around the positive nucleus at the center?\n\nChoices:\nJ. quarks\nA. neutrons\nN. protons\nP. electrons"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"support": "Energy levels (also called electron shells) are fixed distances from the nucleus of an atom where electrons may be found. Electrons are tiny, negatively charged particles in an atom that move around the positive nucleus at the center. Energy levels are a little like the steps of a staircase. You can stand on one step or another but not in between the steps. The same goes for electrons. They can occupy one energy level or another but not the space between energy levels."}


Prompt:
A shark will generally avoid eating fish that

Choices:
G. are their main prey
T. they like the taste of
N. are already bleeding out
D. they are symbiotic with

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "A shark will generally avoid eating fish that\n\nChoices:\nG. are their main prey\nT. they like the taste of\nN. are already bleeding out\nD. they are symbiotic with"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]


Prompt:
During World War II, unionized workers agreed to what?

Choices:
D. to keep production going by not striking
A. to live near the factories to save time commuting
Q. to work without pay
B. to go without vacations or days off

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "During World War II, unionized workers agreed to what?\n\nChoices:\nD. to keep production going by not striking\nA. to live near the factories to save time commuting\nQ. to work without pay\nB. to go without vacations or days off"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 771, "id": 771, "original_answer": "D", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
What planet, covered by a thick layer of clouds, looks smooth and featureless through a telescope?

Choices:
M. venus
K. Earth
N. mars
O. uranus

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "What planet, covered by a thick layer of clouds, looks smooth and featureless through a telescope?\n\nChoices:\nM. venus\nK. Earth\nN. mars\nO. uranus"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]

{"support": "Viewed through a telescope, Venus looks smooth and featureless. The planet is covered by a thick layer of clouds. You can see the clouds in pictures of Venus, such as Figure below . We make maps of the surface using radar, because the thick clouds won't allow us to take photographs of the surface of Venus."}


Prompt:
Which action reflects ageism?

Choices:
E. Believing that older people drive too slowly
S. Enabling WWII veterans to visit war memorials
A. Living in a culture where elders are respected
R. Speaking slowly and loudly when talking to someone over age 65

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which action reflects ageism?\n\nChoices:\nE. Believing that older people drive too slowly\nS. Enabling WWII veterans to visit war memorials\nA. Living in a culture where elders are respected\nR. Speaking slowly and loudly when talking to someone over age 65"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 44, "id": 44, "original_answer": "B", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
What does a cell need to transform into a cancerous cell?

Choices:
J. mutations
Q. adaptations
C. parasites
O. microbes

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "What does a cell need to transform into a cancerous cell?\n\nChoices:\nJ. mutations\nQ. adaptations\nC. parasites\nO. microbes"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]

{"support": "Typically, a series of several mutations that constitutively activate oncogenes and inactivate tumor suppressor genes is required to transform a normal cell into a cancer cell ( Figure below ). Cells have developed a number of control mechanisms to overcome mutations in proto-oncogenes. Therefore, a cell needs multiple mutations to transform into a cancerous cell. A mutation in one proto-oncogene would not cause cancer, as the effects of the mutation would be masked by the normal control of the "}


Prompt:
Context:
The people are very important component of a country. India is the second most populous
country after China in the world with its total population of 1,210 million (2011). India's
population is larger than the total population of North America, South America and Australia put
together. More often, it is argued that such a large population invariably puts pressure on its
limited resources and is also responsible for many socio-economic problems in the country.
Density of population, is expressed as number of persons per unit area. It helps in getting a
better understanding of the spatial distribution of population in relation to land. The density of
population in India (2011) is 382 persons per sq km. There has been a steady increase of more
than 200 persons per sq km over the last 50 years as the density of population increased from
117 persons/ sq km in 1951 to 382 persons/sq km in 2011. The data shown in Appendix (i) give
an idea of spatial variation of population densities in the country which ranges from as low as 17
persons per sq km in Arunachal Pradesh to 11,297 persons in the National Capital Territory of
Delhi. Among the northern Indian States, Bihar (1102), West Bengal (1029) and and Uttar
Pradesh (828) have higher densities, while Kerala (859) and Tamil Nadu (555) have higher
densities among the peninsular Indian states. States like Assam, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh,
Haryana, Jharkhand, Odisha have moderate densities. The hill states of the Himalayan region
and North eastern states of India (excluding Assam) have relatively low densities while the
Union Territories (excluding Andaman and Nicobar islands) have very high densities of
population (Appendix–i). The density of population, as discussed in the earlier paragraph, is a
crude measure of human and land relationship. To get a better insight into the human-land ratio
in terms of pressure of population on total cultivable land, the physiological and the agricultural
densities should be found out which are significant for a country like India having a large
agricultural population. Growth of population is the change in the number of people living in a
particular area between two points of time. Its rate is expressed in percentage. Population
growth has two components namely; natural and induced. While the natural growth is analysed
by assessing the crude birth and death rates, the induced components are explained by the
volume of inward and outward movement of people in any given area. However, in the present
chapter, we will only discuss the natural growth of India's population. The decadal and annual
growth rates of population in India are both very high and steadily increasing over time. The
annual growth rate of India's population is 1.64 per cent (2011). The growth rate of population in
India over the last one century has been caused by annual birth rate and death rate and rate of
migration and thereby shows different trends. There are four distinct phases of growth identified
withi

Question:
What does the passage suggest is a limitation of using population density as the only measure of the relationship between people and resources?

Choices:
Q. It doesn't account for the uneven distribution of resources within a country.
A. It doesn't take into account the rate of urbanization.
N. It doesn't consider the impact of population growth on the environment.
S. It doesn't accurately reflect the age distribution within a population.

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "Context:\nThe people are very important component of a country. India is the second most populous\ncountry after China in the world with its total population of 1,210 million (2011). India's\npopulation is larger than the total population of North America, South America and Australia put\ntogether. More often, it is argued that such a large population invariably puts pressure on its\nlimited resources and is also responsible for many socio-economic problems in the country.\nDensity of population, is expressed as number of persons per unit area. It helps in getting a\nbetter understanding of the spatial distribution of population in relation to land. The density of\npopulation in India (2011) is 382 persons per sq km. There has been a steady increase of more\nthan 200 persons per sq km over the last 50 years as the density of population increased from\n117 persons/ sq km in 1951 to 382 persons/sq km in 2011. The data shown in Appendix (i) give\nan idea of spatial variation of population densities in the country which ranges from as low as 17\npersons per sq km in Arunachal Pradesh to 11,297 persons in the National Capital Territory of\nDelhi. Among the northern Indian States, Bihar (1102), West Bengal (1029) and and Uttar\nPradesh (828) have higher densities, while Kerala (859) and Tamil Nadu (555) have higher\ndensities among the peninsular Indian states. States like Assam, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh,\nHaryana, Jharkhand, Odisha have moderate densities. The hill states of the Himalayan region\nand North eastern states of India (excluding Assam) have relatively low densities while the\nUnion Territories (excluding Andaman and Nicobar islands) have very high densities of\npopulation (Appendix–i). The density of population, as discussed in the earlier paragraph, is a\ncrude measure of human and land relationship. To get a better insight into the human-land ratio\nin terms of pressure of population on total cultivable land, the physiological and the agricultural\ndensities should be found out which are significant for a country like India having a large\nagricultural population. Growth of population is the change in the number of people living in a\nparticular area between two points of time. Its rate is expressed in percentage. Population\ngrowth has two components namely; natural and induced. While the natural growth is analysed\nby assessing the crude birth and death rates, the induced components are explained by the\nvolume of inward and outward movement of people in any given area. However, in the present\nchapter, we will only discuss the natural growth of India's population. The decadal and annual\ngrowth rates of population in India are both very high and steadily increasing over time. The\nannual growth rate of India's population is 1.64 per cent (2011). The growth rate of population in\nIndia over the last one century has been caused by annual birth rate and death rate and rate of\nmigration and thereby shows different trends. There are four distinct phases of growth identified\nwithi\n\nQuestion:\nWhat does the passage suggest is a limitation of using population density as the only measure of the relationship between people and resources?\n\nChoices:\nQ. It doesn't account for the uneven distribution of resources within a country.\nA. It doesn't take into account the rate of urbanization.\nN. It doesn't consider the impact of population growth on the environment.\nS. It doesn't accurately reflect the age distribution within a population."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]


Prompt:
Even the age of earth has been estimated on the basis of what?

Choices:
T. gasses
I. radioisotopes
S. membranes
F. tree rings

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "Even the age of earth has been estimated on the basis of what?\n\nChoices:\nT. gasses\nI. radioisotopes\nS. membranes\nF. tree rings"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"support": "Radioactive isotopes, or radioisotopes, can be used to estimate the ages of not only of rocks, but also of fossils and artifacts made long ago by human beings. Even the age of Earth has been estimated on the basis of radioisotopes. The general method is called radioactive dating . To understand how radioactive dating works, you need to understand radioisotopes and radioactive decay."}


Prompt:
A unique type of organism is also known as what?

Choices:
C. species
A. taxonomy
B. element
K. parasites

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "A unique type of organism is also known as what?\n\nChoices:\nC. species\nA. taxonomy\nB. element\nK. parasites"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"support": "A species is a unique type of organism. Members of a species can interbreed and produce offspring that can breed (they are fertile). Organisms that are not in the same species cannot do this. Examples of species include humans, lions, and redwood trees. Can you name other examples?."}


Prompt:
What is Christopher Edwards known for?

Choices:
M. A professional Canadian football defensive back for the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League (CFL).
A. A professional Canadian football defensive back for the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League (CFL).
O. A professional Canadian football defensive back for the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL).
P. A professional Canadian football defensive back for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League (CFL).
D. A professional Canadian football defensive back for the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League (CFL).

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is Christopher Edwards known for?\n\nChoices:\nM. A professional Canadian football defensive back for the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League (CFL).\nA. A professional Canadian football defensive back for the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League (CFL).\nO. A professional Canadian football defensive back for the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL).\nP. A professional Canadian football defensive back for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League (CFL).\nD. A professional Canadian football defensive back for the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League (CFL)."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]


Prompt:
What type of matter transmits light but scatters the light as it passes through?

Choices:
J. translucent matter
G. refractive matter
Q. a mirror
M. opaque matter

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "What type of matter transmits light but scatters the light as it passes through?\n\nChoices:\nJ. translucent matter\nG. refractive matter\nQ. a mirror\nM. opaque matter"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]

{"support": "Translucent matter is matter that transmits light but scatters the light as it passes through. Light passes through translucent objects but you cannot see clearly through them because the light is scattered in all directions. The frosted glass panes at the bottom of the window above are translucent."}


Prompt:
How would a location's climate be determined?

Choices:
T. look at the weather at noon only
J. look at the weather many mornings, afternoons, and evenings in different seasons
I. look at the the most extreme weather events
L. look at the weather on one day

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "How would a location's climate be determined?\n\nChoices:\nT. look at the weather at noon only\nJ. look at the weather many mornings, afternoons, and evenings in different seasons\nI. look at the the most extreme weather events\nL. look at the weather on one day"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]


Prompt:
The process in which certain bacteria change nitrogen gas to a form that plants can absorb through their roots is known as what?

Choices:
A. oxygen fixation
K. nitrogen fixation
C. pollen fixation
P. dioxide fixation

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "The process in which certain bacteria change nitrogen gas to a form that plants can absorb through their roots is known as what?\n\nChoices:\nA. oxygen fixation\nK. nitrogen fixation\nC. pollen fixation\nP. dioxide fixation"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]

{"support": "Even though nitrogen gas makes up most of Earth's atmosphere, plants cannot use this nitrogen gas to make organic compounds for themselves and other organisms. The two nitrogen atoms in a molecule of nitrogen gas are held together by a very stable triple bond. This bond must be broken for the nitrogen to be used. The nitrogen gas must be changed to a form called nitrates, which plants can absorb through their roots. The process of changing nitrogen gas to nitrates is called nitrogen fixation . I"}


Prompt:
In which professional football league does Markeith Ambles currently play?

Choices:
C. Canadian Football League (CFL)
L. Arena Football League (AFL)
O. National Football League (NFL)
Q. Canadian Premier League (CPL)
E. XFL

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "In which professional football league does Markeith Ambles currently play?\n\nChoices:\nC. Canadian Football League (CFL)\nL. Arena Football League (AFL)\nO. National Football League (NFL)\nQ. Canadian Premier League (CPL)\nE. XFL"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]


Prompt:
Does warm air sit above or below cooler air in the troposphere?

Choices:
J. below
H. above
M. near
T. adjacent

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "Does warm air sit above or below cooler air in the troposphere?\n\nChoices:\nJ. below\nH. above\nM. near\nT. adjacent"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]

{"support": "In the troposphere, warm air ordinarily sits below cooler air."}


Prompt:
Hitting the keys of a piano is like playing

Choices:
H. a concert
T. a recital
B. a lute
R. a broadcast

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "Hitting the keys of a piano is like playing\n\nChoices:\nH. a concert\nT. a recital\nB. a lute\nR. a broadcast"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]


Prompt:
How are intangible assets with an indefinite life treated?

Choices:
P. They are depreciated.
M. They are depleted.
C. They are amortized.
L. They are tested yearly for impairment.

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "How are intangible assets with an indefinite life treated?\n\nChoices:\nP. They are depreciated.\nM. They are depleted.\nC. They are amortized.\nL. They are tested yearly for impairment."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 591, "id": 591, "original_answer": "D", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
Which type of life cycle has both a haploid and diploid multicellular stage?

Choices:
S. diploid-dominant
K. haploid-dominant
G. asexual
C. alternation of generations

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which type of life cycle has both a haploid and diploid multicellular stage?\n\nChoices:\nS. diploid-dominant\nK. haploid-dominant\nG. asexual\nC. alternation of generations"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 564, "id": 564, "original_answer": "D", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
Pollution is caused by

Choices:
N. reusing cloth baby diapers
H. prescription medicine being put down sink drains
F. recycling plastic water bottles
R. using all natural household cleaners

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "Pollution is caused by\n\nChoices:\nN. reusing cloth baby diapers\nH. prescription medicine being put down sink drains\nF. recycling plastic water bottles\nR. using all natural household cleaners"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]


Prompt:
What are the outer planets of the solar system made of?

Choices:
I. solids
C. liquids
R. gases
F. plasma

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "What are the outer planets of the solar system made of?\n\nChoices:\nI. solids\nC. liquids\nR. gases\nF. plasma"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]

{"support": "The inner planets are small and rocky, while the outer planets are large and made of gases. Why might the planets have formed into these two groups?."}


Prompt:
Who is Antoine "Spitz" Kohn?

Choices:
S. A Spanish football player
Q. A Belgian football manager
L. A French football player
A. A Luxembourg football player and football manager
P. A German football manager

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "Who is Antoine \"Spitz\" Kohn?\n\nChoices:\nS. A Spanish football player\nQ. A Belgian football manager\nL. A French football player\nA. A Luxembourg football player and football manager\nP. A German football manager"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]


Prompt:
What results when volcanic ash encircles the globe, blocking the sun and lowering the temperature of the entire planet?

Choices:
C. volcanic winter
O. seismic apocalypse
F. volcanic freeze
I. seismic winter

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "What results when volcanic ash encircles the globe, blocking the sun and lowering the temperature of the entire planet?\n\nChoices:\nC. volcanic winter\nO. seismic apocalypse\nF. volcanic freeze\nI. seismic winter"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"support": "Supervolcanoes are the most dangerous type of volcano. During an eruption, enormous amounts of ash are thrown into the atmosphere. The ash encircles the globe. This blocks the Sun and lowers the temperature of the entire planet. The result is a volcanic winter."}


Prompt:
Mammalian sex determination is determined genetically by the presence of chromosomes identified by what letters?

Choices:
B. y and z
O. a and b
C. x and y
J. rna and dna

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "Mammalian sex determination is determined genetically by the presence of chromosomes identified by what letters?\n\nChoices:\nB. y and z\nO. a and b\nC. x and y\nJ. rna and dna"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"support": "Sex Determination Mammalian sex determination is determined genetically by the presence of X and Y chromosomes. Individuals homozygous for X (XX) are female and heterozygous individuals (XY) are male. The presence of a Y chromosome causes the development of male characteristics and its absence results in female characteristics. The XY system is also found in some insects and plants. Avian sex determination is dependent on the presence of Z and W chromosomes. Homozygous for Z (ZZ) results in a ma"}


Prompt:
What can be renewed?

Choices:
N. leather
T. plastics
G. diesel
D. coal

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "What can be renewed?\n\nChoices:\nN. leather\nT. plastics\nG. diesel\nD. coal"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]


Prompt:
The sporophyte phase is the longest phase in the life of what?

Choices:
B. angiosperm
E. echinoderm
C. arthropod
L. gymnosperm

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "The sporophyte phase is the longest phase in the life of what?\n\nChoices:\nB. angiosperm\nE. echinoderm\nC. arthropod\nL. gymnosperm"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]

{"support": "Figure 26.8 illustrates the life cycle of a conifer. The sporophyte (2n) phase is the longest phase in the life of a gymnosperm. The gametophytes (1n)—microspores and megaspores—are reduced in size. It may take more than year between pollination and fertilization while the pollen tube grows towards the megasporocyte (2n), which undergoes meiosis into megaspores. The megaspores will mature into eggs (1n)."}


Prompt:
What is the term for getting the same results when an experiment is repeated, which implies the results are valid?

Choices:
I. verification
Q. extraction
G. replication
D. evolution

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the term for getting the same results when an experiment is repeated, which implies the results are valid?\n\nChoices:\nI. verification\nQ. extraction\nG. replication\nD. evolution"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"support": "In its solid form, water is frequently referred to as ice. The terms snow, sleet, hail, or frost may also be used, depending on the conditions under which the water solidified. Ice can exist as an amorphous solid or as a crystalline solid."}


Prompt:
What changes have occurred in the lobbying environment over the past three or four decades?

Choices:
D. There is more professional lobbying.
J. A fragmentation of interests has taken place.
G. all the above
H. Many interests lobby both the national government and the states.

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "What changes have occurred in the lobbying environment over the past three or four decades?\n\nChoices:\nD. There is more professional lobbying.\nJ. A fragmentation of interests has taken place.\nG. all the above\nH. Many interests lobby both the national government and the states."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 175, "id": 175, "original_answer": "D", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
Beaches are harmed

Choices:
I. when children play in the ocean
L. when seagulls nest in dunes
P. when turtles lay their eggs
C. when beach goers leave behind detritus on the sand

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "Beaches are harmed\n\nChoices:\nI. when children play in the ocean\nL. when seagulls nest in dunes\nP. when turtles lay their eggs\nC. when beach goers leave behind detritus on the sand"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]


Prompt:
While the chromosome is replicating, the cell does what?

Choices:
I. propagates
L. elongates
Q. diffuses
J. shrinks

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "While the chromosome is replicating, the cell does what?\n\nChoices:\nI. propagates\nL. elongates\nQ. diffuses\nJ. shrinks"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]


Prompt:
The peripheral nervous system consists of all the nerves that are found outside what?

Choices:
A. large nervous system
S. autonomic nerous system
L. somatic nervous system
B. central nervous system

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "The peripheral nervous system consists of all the nerves that are found outside what?\n\nChoices:\nA. large nervous system\nS. autonomic nerous system\nL. somatic nervous system\nB. central nervous system"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]

{"support": "The peripheral nervous system consists of all the nerves that are found outside the central nervous system."}


Prompt:
A factory is producing various items. If the factory wants to produce something that will itself produce little pollution, it could create

Choices:
C. trucks
N. cars
Q. windmills
M. ships

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "A factory is producing various items. If the factory wants to produce something that will itself produce little pollution, it could create\n\nChoices:\nC. trucks\nN. cars\nQ. windmills\nM. ships"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]


Prompt:
What is the source of energy for physical cycles on Earth?

Choices:
L. a medium-sized star which our planet orbits
T. clouds that are heavy with rain
Q. a thinner ozone layer
P. heat from stars at night

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the source of energy for physical cycles on Earth?\n\nChoices:\nL. a medium-sized star which our planet orbits\nT. clouds that are heavy with rain\nQ. a thinner ozone layer\nP. heat from stars at night"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]


Prompt:
Which large muscle group attaches the leg to the pelvic girdle and produces extension of the hip joint?

Choices:
S. obturator
I. abductor
G. adductor
P. gluteal

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which large muscle group attaches the leg to the pelvic girdle and produces extension of the hip joint?\n\nChoices:\nS. obturator\nI. abductor\nG. adductor\nP. gluteal"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 1760, "id": 1760, "original_answer": "A", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
After evaporation water becomes

Choices:
K. groundwater
R. ice caps
N. ocean
H. snow

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "After evaporation water becomes\n\nChoices:\nK. groundwater\nR. ice caps\nN. ocean\nH. snow"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]


Prompt:
What do skeletal muscles enable the body to do?

Choices:
T. look
A. eat
C. move
J. breathe

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "What do skeletal muscles enable the body to do?\n\nChoices:\nT. look\nA. eat\nC. move\nJ. breathe"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"support": "Skeletal Muscles. Skeletal muscles enable the body to move."}


Prompt:
Unlike archaea and eukaryotes, bacteria have a cell wall made of what?

Choices:
B. peptidoglycan
E. substrates
A. phospholipids
R. hydrogen

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "Unlike archaea and eukaryotes, bacteria have a cell wall made of what?\n\nChoices:\nB. peptidoglycan\nE. substrates\nA. phospholipids\nR. hydrogen"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]

{"support": "Unlike Archaea and eukaryotes, bacteria have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, comprised of sugars and amino acids, and many have a polysaccharide capsule (Figure 3.5). The cell wall acts as an extra layer of protection, helps the cell maintain its shape, and prevents dehydration. The capsule enables the cell to attach to surfaces in its environment. Some prokaryotes have flagella, pili, or fimbriae. Flagella are used for locomotion, while most pili are used to exchange genetic material during "}


Prompt:
Who starred in the 1921 American silent comedy film, Society Snobs?

Choices:
L. Conway Tearle
O. None of the above
D. Vivian Forrester
C. Ida Darling
N. Hobart Henley

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "Who starred in the 1921 American silent comedy film, Society Snobs?\n\nChoices:\nL. Conway Tearle\nO. None of the above\nD. Vivian Forrester\nC. Ida Darling\nN. Hobart Henley"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]


Prompt:
Water is composed of which two elements?

Choices:
J. oxygen and nitrogen
Q. hydrogen and oxygen
S. carbon and dioxide
M. hydrogen and nitrogen

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "Water is composed of which two elements?\n\nChoices:\nJ. oxygen and nitrogen\nQ. hydrogen and oxygen\nS. carbon and dioxide\nM. hydrogen and nitrogen"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"support": "Water is a binary compound composed of hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen and oxygen gases produced in the reaction are both diatomic molecules."}


Prompt:
What forms when one substance dissolves into another?

Choices:
F. mixture
M. compound
K. solution
J. solvent

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "What forms when one substance dissolves into another?\n\nChoices:\nF. mixture\nM. compound\nK. solution\nJ. solvent"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]

{"support": "When one substance dissolves into another, a solution is formed. A solution is a homogeneous mixture consisting of a solute dissolved into a solvent . The solute is the substance that is being dissolved, while the solvent is the dissolving medium. Solutions can be formed with many different types and forms of solutes and solvents."}


Prompt:
What type of chains do unsaturated fatty acids have?

Choices:
P. Spiral Chains
L. bent chains
N. Broken Chains
O. Stait Chains

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "What type of chains do unsaturated fatty acids have?\n\nChoices:\nP. Spiral Chains\nL. bent chains\nN. Broken Chains\nO. Stait Chains"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]

{"support": "Fatty Acids. Saturated fatty acids have straight chains, like the three fatty acids shown in the upper left. Unsaturated fatty acids have bent chains, like all the other fatty acids in the figure."}


Prompt:
An individual grows quickly and develops new abilities during infancy and?

Choices:
G. senior years
I. embryonic stage
K. adulthood
B. childhood

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "An individual grows quickly and develops new abilities during infancy and?\n\nChoices:\nG. senior years\nI. embryonic stage\nK. adulthood\nB. childhood"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]

{"support": "An individual grows quickly and develops new abilities during infancy and childhood."}


Prompt:
Which of the following statements accurately describes the ecological distribution of Humboldtia laurifolia?

Choices:
I. Humboldtia laurifolia is exclusively found in the highland regions of Sri Lanka, specifically in the montane cloud forests above 1,000 meters elevation.
A. Humboldtia laurifolia is found in various regions of India and Sri Lanka, particularly in forests and wetlands. It has also been observed in neighboring countries such as Nepal and Bangladesh.
K. Humboldtia laurifolia is primarily endemic to the rainforests of Kerala and Sri Lanka and has not been recorded in any other regions or countries.
Q. Humboldtia laurifolia is a highly adaptable species that can be found in a wide range of habitats across the Indian subcontinent and Sri Lanka, from the Western Ghats to coastal areas and even urban environments.
C. Humboldtia laurifolia is a rare species that has only been reported from a few isolated locations in Kerala and Sri Lanka, mostly in protected areas and nature reserves.

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which of the following statements accurately describes the ecological distribution of Humboldtia laurifolia?\n\nChoices:\nI. Humboldtia laurifolia is exclusively found in the highland regions of Sri Lanka, specifically in the montane cloud forests above 1,000 meters elevation.\nA. Humboldtia laurifolia is found in various regions of India and Sri Lanka, particularly in forests and wetlands. It has also been observed in neighboring countries such as Nepal and Bangladesh.\nK. Humboldtia laurifolia is primarily endemic to the rainforests of Kerala and Sri Lanka and has not been recorded in any other regions or countries.\nQ. Humboldtia laurifolia is a highly adaptable species that can be found in a wide range of habitats across the Indian subcontinent and Sri Lanka, from the Western Ghats to coastal areas and even urban environments.\nC. Humboldtia laurifolia is a rare species that has only been reported from a few isolated locations in Kerala and Sri Lanka, mostly in protected areas and nature reserves."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]


Prompt:
What role did Donald Howe play in the English footballing game?

Choices:
B. Donald Howe was a prolific goal scorer and held the record for the most goals scored in a single season.
R. Donald Howe was a midfielder known for his precise passing and vision on the field.
G. Donald Howe played as a right back for clubs West Bromwich Albion and Arsenal, as well as the England national football team.
Q. Donald Howe was a forward known for his agility and finishing abilities.
N. Donald Howe was a goalkeeper known for his acrobatic saves and reflexes.

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "What role did Donald Howe play in the English footballing game?\n\nChoices:\nB. Donald Howe was a prolific goal scorer and held the record for the most goals scored in a single season.\nR. Donald Howe was a midfielder known for his precise passing and vision on the field.\nG. Donald Howe played as a right back for clubs West Bromwich Albion and Arsenal, as well as the England national football team.\nQ. Donald Howe was a forward known for his agility and finishing abilities.\nN. Donald Howe was a goalkeeper known for his acrobatic saves and reflexes."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]


Prompt:
What are the contacts between neurons called?

Choices:
B. electrodes
C. synapses
K. neurapses
E. impulses

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "What are the contacts between neurons called?\n\nChoices:\nB. electrodes\nC. synapses\nK. neurapses\nE. impulses"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"support": "12.5 Communication Between Neurons The basis of the electrical signal within a neuron is the action potential that propagates down the axon. For a neuron to generate an action potential, it needs to receive input from another source, either another neuron or a sensory stimulus. That input will result in opening ion channels in the neuron, resulting in a graded potential based on the strength of the stimulus. Graded potentials can be depolarizing or hyperpolarizing and can summate to affect the p"}


Prompt:
What do different soil horizons show different amounts of?

Choices:
A. evolution
Q. alteration
J. distortion
B. secretion

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "What do different soil horizons show different amounts of?\n\nChoices:\nA. evolution\nQ. alteration\nJ. distortion\nB. secretion"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"support": "Soil horizons are layers within a soil. Different soil horizons show different amounts of alteration."}


Prompt:
A strawberry is in zero way a true berry because it

Choices:
I. is too wet inside
T. is a different color than other berries
H. is unable to spread its seed
F. has seeds outside the flesh, unlike the blueberry

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "A strawberry is in zero way a true berry because it\n\nChoices:\nI. is too wet inside\nT. is a different color than other berries\nH. is unable to spread its seed\nF. has seeds outside the flesh, unlike the blueberry"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]


Prompt:
Because most gas particles in the atmosphere are concentrated close to earth's surface, air pressure is greatest where?

Choices:
D. at sea level
N. ground level
T. seabed floor
K. atmosphere

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "Because most gas particles in the atmosphere are concentrated close to earth's surface, air pressure is greatest where?\n\nChoices:\nD. at sea level\nN. ground level\nT. seabed floor\nK. atmosphere"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]

{"support": "We live in a \"sea\" of air called the atmosphere. Can you feel the air in the atmosphere pressing against you? Not usually, but air actually exerts a lot of pressure because there's so much of it. The atmosphere rises high above Earth's surface, so it contains a huge number of gas particles. Most of them are concentrated close to Earth's surface because of gravity and the weight of all the air in the atmosphere above them. As a result, air pressure is greatest at sea level and drops rapidly as yo"}


Prompt:
What type of event nearly always occurs at plate boundaries?

Choices:
A. earthquake
K. eruption
I. tsunami
H. hurricane

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "What type of event nearly always occurs at plate boundaries?\n\nChoices:\nA. earthquake\nK. eruption\nI. tsunami\nH. hurricane"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]

{"support": "Scientists are not able to predict earthquakes. Since nearly all earthquakes take place at plate boundaries, scientists can predict where an earthquake will occur ( Figure below ). This information helps communities to prepare for an earthquake. For example, they can require that structures are built to be earthquake safe."}


Prompt:
Gas can fill any container it is given, and liquid

Choices:
A. is standard weight and size
I. uses what it needs
K. only needs a few
N. is the opposite of variable

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "Gas can fill any container it is given, and liquid\n\nChoices:\nA. is standard weight and size\nI. uses what it needs\nK. only needs a few\nN. is the opposite of variable"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]


Prompt:
Sometimes referred to as air, what do we call the mixture of gases that surrounds the planet?

Choices:
O. galaxy
I. outer space
H. atmosphere
E. hemisphere

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "Sometimes referred to as air, what do we call the mixture of gases that surrounds the planet?\n\nChoices:\nO. galaxy\nI. outer space\nH. atmosphere\nE. hemisphere"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]

{"support": "Why is Earth the only planet in the solar system known to have life? The main reason is Earth's atmosphere. The atmosphere is a mixture of gases that surrounds the planet. We also call it air. The gases in the air include nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. Along with water vapor, air allows life to survive. Without it, Earth would be a harsh, barren world."}


Prompt:
What planet has the most volcanoes?

Choices:
D. venus
J. Mars
G. Earth
M. uranus

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "What planet has the most volcanoes?\n\nChoices:\nD. venus\nJ. Mars\nG. Earth\nM. uranus"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]

{"support": "Venus has more volcanoes than any other planet. There are between 100,000 and one million volcanoes on Venus! Most of the volcanoes are now inactive. There are also a large number of craters. This means that Venus doesn't have tectonic plates. Plate tectonics on Earth erases features over time. Figure below is an image made using radar data. The volcano is Maat Mons. Lava beds are in the foreground. Scientists think the color of sunlight on Venus is reddish-brown."}


Prompt:
Like ammonia, hydrazine is both a brønsted base and which other base?

Choices:
B. floyd base
E. unit base
L. lewis base
O. dynamic base

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "Like ammonia, hydrazine is both a brønsted base and which other base?\n\nChoices:\nB. floyd base\nE. unit base\nL. lewis base\nO. dynamic base"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]

{"support": "Like ammonia, hydrazine is both a Brønsted base and a Lewis base, although it is weaker than ammonia. It reacts with strong acids and forms two series of salts that contain the N 2 H 5 + and N 2 H 6 2+ ions, respectively. Some rockets use hydrazine as a fuel."}


Prompt:
What is an individual's belief in her capability to complete some task?

Choices:
S. self-actualization
P. self-efficacy
F. physiological needs
K. self-esteem

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is an individual's belief in her capability to complete some task?\n\nChoices:\nS. self-actualization\nP. self-efficacy\nF. physiological needs\nK. self-esteem"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 298, "id": 298, "original_answer": "D", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
What is the predominant ownership of the houses within the suburb of Airds in Sydney, according to Housing NSW?

Choices:
E. Houses within the suburb of Airds in Sydney do not have a specific predominant ownership.
F. Houses within the suburb of Airds in Sydney are predominantly owned by real estate agencies.
J. Houses within the suburb of Airds in Sydney are predominantly owned by Housing NSW.
D. Houses within the suburb of Airds in Sydney have an equal distribution of ownership between private individuals and Housing NSW.
L. Houses within the suburb of Airds in Sydney are predominantly owned by private individuals.

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the predominant ownership of the houses within the suburb of Airds in Sydney, according to Housing NSW?\n\nChoices:\nE. Houses within the suburb of Airds in Sydney do not have a specific predominant ownership.\nF. Houses within the suburb of Airds in Sydney are predominantly owned by real estate agencies.\nJ. Houses within the suburb of Airds in Sydney are predominantly owned by Housing NSW.\nD. Houses within the suburb of Airds in Sydney have an equal distribution of ownership between private individuals and Housing NSW.\nL. Houses within the suburb of Airds in Sydney are predominantly owned by private individuals."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]


Prompt:
What do barnacles anchor to?

Choices:
P. fossils
Q. scales
F. eggs
G. rocks

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "What do barnacles anchor to?\n\nChoices:\nP. fossils\nQ. scales\nF. eggs\nG. rocks"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"support": "Mo Riza. Barnacles are adapted to the intertidal zone by anchoring to rocks . CC BY 2.0."}


Prompt:
The sun appears to move because of the rotation of a

Choices:
K. moon
A. planet
I. star
T. sun

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "The sun appears to move because of the rotation of a\n\nChoices:\nK. moon\nA. planet\nI. star\nT. sun"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]


Prompt:
To burn away the darkness, even a tiny light will do, such as

Choices:
J. a dark wick being touched by a match
Q. a small voice in the dark
A. a small smile from a friend
S. a little feeling of hope

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "To burn away the darkness, even a tiny light will do, such as\n\nChoices:\nJ. a dark wick being touched by a match\nQ. a small voice in the dark\nA. a small smile from a friend\nS. a little feeling of hope"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]


Prompt:
An apocrine sweat gland is usually associated with hair follicles in densely hairy areas, such as armpits and genital regions. apocrine sweat glands are larger than eccrine sweat glands and lie deeper in the dermis, sometimes even reaching this?

Choices:
S. hypodermis
G. stratum corneum
C. epidermis
L. papillary dermis

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "An apocrine sweat gland is usually associated with hair follicles in densely hairy areas, such as armpits and genital regions. apocrine sweat glands are larger than eccrine sweat glands and lie deeper in the dermis, sometimes even reaching this?\n\nChoices:\nS. hypodermis\nG. stratum corneum\nC. epidermis\nL. papillary dermis"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"support": "An apocrine sweat gland is usually associated with hair follicles in densely hairy areas, such as armpits and genital regions. Apocrine sweat glands are larger than eccrine sweat glands and lie deeper in the dermis, sometimes even reaching the hypodermis, with the duct normally emptying into the hair follicle. In addition to water and salts, apocrine sweat includes organic compounds that make the sweat thicker and subject to bacterial decomposition and subsequent smell. The release of this sweat"}


Prompt:
Water at 50 degree C is

Choices:
O. closer to the boiling point of water
A. equally distant from the melting and boiling points
L. closer to the melting point of ice
J. below the melting point of ice

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "Water at 50 degree C is\n\nChoices:\nO. closer to the boiling point of water\nA. equally distant from the melting and boiling points\nL. closer to the melting point of ice\nJ. below the melting point of ice"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]


Prompt:
Force is a vector because it has what two things?

Choices:
I. matter and direction
N. size and direction
R. space and time
T. size and depth

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "Force is a vector because it has what two things?\n\nChoices:\nI. matter and direction\nN. size and direction\nR. space and time\nT. size and depth"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "Force is a vector because it has both size and direction. Like other vectors, it can be represented by an arrow."}


Prompt:
About a third of all bacteria in the gut are members of what species?

Choices:
G. bacteroides
B. trematodes
P. spirochetes
H. actinomyces

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "About a third of all bacteria in the gut are members of what species?\n\nChoices:\nG. bacteroides\nB. trematodes\nP. spirochetes\nH. actinomyces"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"support": "A wide range of friendly bacteria live in the gut. Bacteria begin to populate the human digestive system right after birth. Gut bacteria include Lactobacillus , the bacteria commonly used in probiotic foods such as yogurt, and E. coli bacteria. About a third of all bacteria in the gut are members of the Bacteroides species. Bacteroides are key in helping us digest plant food."}


Prompt:
As the atoms approach one another, their electron clouds gradually begin to do what?

Choices:
P. shrink
D. magnetize
F. overlap
O. disappear

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "As the atoms approach one another, their electron clouds gradually begin to do what?\n\nChoices:\nP. shrink\nD. magnetize\nF. overlap\nO. disappear"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]

{"support": "As the atoms approach one another, their electron clouds gradually begin to overlap. Now there are several interactions which begin to occur. One is that the single electrons that each hydrogen atom possesses begin to repel each other. This repulsive force would tend to make the potential energy of the system increase. However, the electron of each atom begins to be attracted to the nucleus of the other atom. This attractive force tends to make the potential energy of the system decrease."}


Prompt:
What is the density needed to just halt universal expansion called?

Choices:
Q. stop density
T. allow density
F. instance density
P. critical density

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the density needed to just halt universal expansion called?\n\nChoices:\nQ. stop density\nT. allow density\nF. instance density\nP. critical density"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"support": "critical density, the density needed to just halt universal expansion."}