Prompt:
National parks

Choices:
K. allow unlimited hunting of endangered species
D. get very few visitors on a yearly basis
N. are full of pollution
O. take measures to protect their animal populations

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "National parks\n\nChoices:\nK. allow unlimited hunting of endangered species\nD. get very few visitors on a yearly basis\nN. are full of pollution\nO. take measures to protect their animal populations"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]


Prompt:
On the moon people are pulled down

Choices:
M. more
P. the same
Q. unpredictably
R. less

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "On the moon people are pulled down\n\nChoices:\nM. more\nP. the same\nQ. unpredictably\nR. less"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]


Prompt:
A jellyfish's abilities exclude

Choices:
T. poison
K. sting
S. move
D. sense light

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "A jellyfish's abilities exclude\n\nChoices:\nT. poison\nK. sting\nS. move\nD. sense light"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]


Prompt:
What is the term for if multiple sperm fuse with an egg?

Choices:
E. fraternization
I. in vitro fertilization
B. polyspermy
J. pollenation

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the term for if multiple sperm fuse with an egg?\n\nChoices:\nE. fraternization\nI. in vitro fertilization\nB. polyspermy\nJ. pollenation"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]

{"support": "To ensure that no more than one sperm fertilizes the egg, once the acrosomal reactions take place at one location of the egg membrane, the egg releases proteins in other locations to prevent other sperm from fusing with the egg. If this mechanism fails, multiple sperm can fuse with the egg, resulting in polyspermy. The resulting embryo is not genetically viable and dies within a few days."}


Prompt:
What is the innermost layer of the sun called?

Choices:
B. the core
R. Chromosphere
N. Convection Zone
H. Photosphere

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the innermost layer of the sun called?\n\nChoices:\nB. the core\nR. Chromosphere\nN. Convection Zone\nH. Photosphere"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]

{"support": "Because the Sun is not solid, it does not have a defined outer boundary. It does, however, have a definite internal structure with identifiable layers ( Figure below ). Since the layers are not solid, the boundaries are fuzzy and indistinct. From inward to outward, the layers are: the core, the radiative zone, and the convection zone."}


Prompt:
What happens if cancer cells enter the blood stream?

Choices:
F. carried through body
P. they enter the brain
K. they die
T. they mutate

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "What happens if cancer cells enter the blood stream?\n\nChoices:\nF. carried through body\nP. they enter the brain\nK. they die\nT. they mutate"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]

{"support": "As a tumor increases in size, it may harm normal tissues around it. Sometimes cancer cells break away from a tumor. If they enter the bloodstream, they are carried throughout the body. Then the cells may start growing in other tissues. This is usually how cancer spreads from one part of the body to another. Once this happens, cancer is very hard to stop."}


Prompt:
A person who has a job of making discoveries also

Choices:
G. slaughters
H. fights
R. explodes
M. watches

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "A person who has a job of making discoveries also\n\nChoices:\nG. slaughters\nH. fights\nR. explodes\nM. watches"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]


Prompt:
Which perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps to keep the social system running smoothly?

Choices:
T. Symbolic interactionist perspective
A. Conflict perspective
P. Feminist perspective
E. Functional perspective

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps to keep the social system running smoothly?\n\nChoices:\nT. Symbolic interactionist perspective\nA. Conflict perspective\nP. Feminist perspective\nE. Functional perspective"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 1620, "id": 1620, "original_answer": "A", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
Which of the following resistance mechanisms describes the function of β-lactamase?

Choices:
C. target mimicry
P. drug inactivation
I. target overproduction
Q. efflux pump

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which of the following resistance mechanisms describes the function of β-lactamase?\n\nChoices:\nC. target mimicry\nP. drug inactivation\nI. target overproduction\nQ. efflux pump"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 2694, "id": 2694, "original_answer": "C", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
What are Selena Forrest's achievements in the fashion industry according to Models.com?

Choices:
H. Selena Forrest is ranked as one of the Top 25 models in the fashion industry.
J. Selena Forrest is ranked as one of the Top 10 models in the fashion industry.
T. Selena Forrest is ranked as one of the Top 100 models in the fashion industry.
K. Selena Forrest is ranked as one of the Top 500 models in the fashion industry.
S. Selena Forrest is ranked as one of the Top 50 models in the fashion industry.

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "What are Selena Forrest's achievements in the fashion industry according to Models.com?\n\nChoices:\nH. Selena Forrest is ranked as one of the Top 25 models in the fashion industry.\nJ. Selena Forrest is ranked as one of the Top 10 models in the fashion industry.\nT. Selena Forrest is ranked as one of the Top 100 models in the fashion industry.\nK. Selena Forrest is ranked as one of the Top 500 models in the fashion industry.\nS. Selena Forrest is ranked as one of the Top 50 models in the fashion industry."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]


Prompt:
What offers a tree with stability and a way to distribute nutrients throughout the plant?

Choices:
L. sap
I. fruit
O. trunk
A. leaves

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "What offers a tree with stability and a way to distribute nutrients throughout the plant?\n\nChoices:\nL. sap\nI. fruit\nO. trunk\nA. leaves"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]


Prompt:
Pluto's orbit is so elliptical that sometimes it is inside the orbit of which planet?

Choices:
P. neptune
S. Mars
B. titan
J. Earth

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "Pluto's orbit is so elliptical that sometimes it is inside the orbit of which planet?\n\nChoices:\nP. neptune\nS. Mars\nB. titan\nJ. Earth"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"support": "For decades Pluto was a planet. But even then, scientists knew it was an unusual planet. The other outer planets are all gas giants. Pluto is small, icy and rocky. With a diameter of about 2400 kilometers, it has only about 1/5 the mass of Earth's Moon. The other planets orbit in a plane. Pluto's orbit is tilted. The shape of the orbit is like a long, narrow ellipse. Pluto's orbit is so elliptical that sometimes it is inside the orbit of Neptune."}


Prompt:
What is made up of bands of cells that contract for movement?

Choices:
E. vascular tissue
H. collagen
P. muscle tissue
L. cartilage

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is made up of bands of cells that contract for movement?\n\nChoices:\nE. vascular tissue\nH. collagen\nP. muscle tissue\nL. cartilage"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"support": "Muscle tissue is made up of bands of cells that contract and allow movement."}


Prompt:
Heterotrophs get food by eating what?

Choices:
T. similar organisms
L. plants
M. sand
R. other organisms

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "Heterotrophs get food by eating what?\n\nChoices:\nT. similar organisms\nL. plants\nM. sand\nR. other organisms"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]

{"support": "Protozoa are heterotrophs. Heterotrophs get food by eating other organisms. Some protozoa prey on bacteria. Some are parasites of animals. Others graze on algae. Still others are decomposers that break down dead organic matter."}


Prompt:
Eight month old tuna salad will make a person

Choices:
Q. sick
M. clean
S. hairy
K. rich

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "Eight month old tuna salad will make a person\n\nChoices:\nQ. sick\nM. clean\nS. hairy\nK. rich"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]


Prompt:
Name two differences between a larval staged frog and an adult frog.

Choices:
D. tadpoles have legs and gills
K. tadpoles lack legs and gills
C. tadpoles lack eyes and fins
B. tadpoles lack legs and have gills

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "Name two differences between a larval staged frog and an adult frog.\n\nChoices:\nD. tadpoles have legs and gills\nK. tadpoles lack legs and gills\nC. tadpoles lack eyes and fins\nB. tadpoles lack legs and have gills"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]

{"support": "Most amphibians go through a larval stage that is different from the adult form. In frogs, for example, the early larval stage resembles a fish, as you can see in Figure below . Frogs at this stage of development are called tadpoles. Tadpoles live in the water. They lack legs and have a long tail that helps them swim. They also have gills, which absorb oxygen from the water."}


Prompt:
What process provides over 99 percent of the energy for life on earth?

Choices:
K. farming
H. fracking
G. photosynthesis
S. glycolysis

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "What process provides over 99 percent of the energy for life on earth?\n\nChoices:\nK. farming\nH. fracking\nG. photosynthesis\nS. glycolysis"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"support": "Photosynthesis provides over 99 percent of the energy for life on earth. A much smaller group of autotrophs - mostly bacteria in dark or low-oxygen environments - produce food using the chemical energy stored in inorganic molecules such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, or methane. While photosynthesis transforms light energy to chemical energy, this alternate method of making food transfers chemical energy from inorganic to organic molecules. It is therefore called chemosynthesis , and is character"}


Prompt:
Which type of energy holds atoms together?

Choices:
C. nuclear energy
B. atomic energy
R. curve energy
I. bond energy

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which type of energy holds atoms together?\n\nChoices:\nC. nuclear energy\nB. atomic energy\nR. curve energy\nI. bond energy"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"support": "Atoms are held together by a certain amount of energy called bond energy."}


Prompt:
What type of school is Ashfield School?

Choices:
G. Ashfield School is a university located in Kirkby-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, England.
S. Ashfield School is a vocational school located in Kirkby-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, England.
O. Ashfield School is a primary school located in Kirkby-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, England.
B. Ashfield School is a boarding school located in Kirkby-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, England.
I. Ashfield School is a secondary school with academy status located in Kirkby-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, England.

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "What type of school is Ashfield School?\n\nChoices:\nG. Ashfield School is a university located in Kirkby-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, England.\nS. Ashfield School is a vocational school located in Kirkby-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, England.\nO. Ashfield School is a primary school located in Kirkby-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, England.\nB. Ashfield School is a boarding school located in Kirkby-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, England.\nI. Ashfield School is a secondary school with academy status located in Kirkby-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, England."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]


Prompt:
What is Beryl Wallace known for in the entertainment industry?

Choices:
T. Beryl Wallace was a versatile actress known for her memorable roles in various films.
L. Beryl Wallace was a highly skilled dancer known for her graceful performances.
C. Beryl Wallace was a popular entertainer known for her high energy stage presence.
A. Beryl Wallace was a multitalented performer known for her singing, dancing, and acting abilities.
H. Beryl Wallace was a renowned singer known for her powerful vocals.

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is Beryl Wallace known for in the entertainment industry?\n\nChoices:\nT. Beryl Wallace was a versatile actress known for her memorable roles in various films.\nL. Beryl Wallace was a highly skilled dancer known for her graceful performances.\nC. Beryl Wallace was a popular entertainer known for her high energy stage presence.\nA. Beryl Wallace was a multitalented performer known for her singing, dancing, and acting abilities.\nH. Beryl Wallace was a renowned singer known for her powerful vocals."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]


Prompt:
What is the significance of Marion's Main Street Historic District?

Choices:
B. Marion's Main Street Historic District is a district that holds historical significance and is recognized as a national heritage site by being listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
K. Marion's Main Street Historic District is a district that hosts the city's annual local food festival, showcasing the region's culinary delights and attracting food enthusiasts.
H. Marion's Main Street Historic District is a district known for its vibrant nightlife and entertainment scene, offering several bars and clubs for visitors to enjoy.
N. Marion's Main Street Historic District is a district in which several famous Hollywood movies have been filmed, attracting many tourists and film enthusiasts to the area.
O. Marion's Main Street Historic District is a district known for its shopping opportunities, offering a wide variety of boutique stores and well-known retail chains.

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the significance of Marion's Main Street Historic District?\n\nChoices:\nB. Marion's Main Street Historic District is a district that holds historical significance and is recognized as a national heritage site by being listed on the National Register of Historic Places.\nK. Marion's Main Street Historic District is a district that hosts the city's annual local food festival, showcasing the region's culinary delights and attracting food enthusiasts.\nH. Marion's Main Street Historic District is a district known for its vibrant nightlife and entertainment scene, offering several bars and clubs for visitors to enjoy.\nN. Marion's Main Street Historic District is a district in which several famous Hollywood movies have been filmed, attracting many tourists and film enthusiasts to the area.\nO. Marion's Main Street Historic District is a district known for its shopping opportunities, offering a wide variety of boutique stores and well-known retail chains."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]


Prompt:
Name one unit used to measure pressure.

Choices:
F. torr
J. watt
K. meter
P. decibel

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "Name one unit used to measure pressure.\n\nChoices:\nF. torr\nJ. watt\nK. meter\nP. decibel"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]

{"support": "Pressures are given in a multitude of units. We've already discussed Pascals, and we know that another unit for pressure is the atmosphere (1 atm = 101.3 x 10 5 Pa). The third commonly used pressure unit is the torr (symbol: Torr). 760 torr is 1 atm, but 1 torr is also the increase in pressure necessary to cause liquid mercury to rise by 1 mm. For that reason, torr is also commonly referred to as \"millimeters mercury. \" Another pressure unit commonly used in our everyday world is psi, or pounds "}


Prompt:
which of these could lead to the introduction of new plant species to a place?

Choices:
C. a dog traveling through a field
R. a botanist introducing them
H. a farmer introducing them
P. all the mentioned options

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "which of these could lead to the introduction of new plant species to a place?\n\nChoices:\nC. a dog traveling through a field\nR. a botanist introducing them\nH. a farmer introducing them\nP. all the mentioned options"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]


Prompt:
What type of illness is influenza?

Choices:
K. cardiac illness
N. respiratory illness
A. stomach illness
R. mental illness

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "What type of illness is influenza?\n\nChoices:\nK. cardiac illness\nN. respiratory illness\nA. stomach illness\nR. mental illness"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "Influenza, or flu, is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. Influenza spreads around the world in seasonal epidemics. An epidemic is an outbreak of a disease within a population of people during a specific time. Every year in the United States, about 200,000 people are hospitalized and 36,000 people die from the flu. Flu pandemics can kill millions of people. A pandemic is an epidemic that spreads through human populations across a large region (for example a continent), "}


Prompt:
What do factories and power plants use to remove particulates and waste gases from exhaust before releasing it?

Choices:
Q. scrubbers
M. compressors
A. catalytic converters
H. mufflers

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "What do factories and power plants use to remove particulates and waste gases from exhaust before releasing it?\n\nChoices:\nQ. scrubbers\nM. compressors\nA. catalytic converters\nH. mufflers"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"support": "Scrubbers are used in factories and power plants. They remove particulates and waste gases from exhaust before it is released to the air. You can see how a scrubber works in Figure below ."}


Prompt:
Calculating a short distance can be accomplished with a

Choices:
O. touch
C. thought
T. yard stick
A. a penny

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "Calculating a short distance can be accomplished with a\n\nChoices:\nO. touch\nC. thought\nT. yard stick\nA. a penny"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]


Prompt:
Which theory describes the distribution of electrons in molecules in much the same way that the distribution of electrons in atoms is described using atomic orbitals?

Choices:
J. molecular distribution theory
O. atomic distribution theory
C. atomic orbital theory
R. molecular orbital theory

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which theory describes the distribution of electrons in molecules in much the same way that the distribution of electrons in atoms is described using atomic orbitals?\n\nChoices:\nJ. molecular distribution theory\nO. atomic distribution theory\nC. atomic orbital theory\nR. molecular orbital theory"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]

{"support": "Molecular orbital theory describes the distribution of electrons in molecules in much the same way that the distribution of electrons in atoms is described using atomic orbitals. Using quantum mechanics, the behavior of an electron in a molecule is still described by a wave function, Ψ, analogous to the behavior in an atom. Just like electrons around isolated atoms, electrons around atoms in molecules are limited to discrete (quantized) energies. The region of space in which a valence electron i"}


Prompt:
What are natural sponges made of?

Choices:
J. sand
P. sea animals
K. sea shells
C. sea plants

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "What are natural sponges made of?\n\nChoices:\nJ. sand\nP. sea animals\nK. sea shells\nC. sea plants"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"support": "Natural sponges, like the one in the picture above, are actually animals taken from the sea! The sponges in your home, however, were most likely never living things. Most sponges used in kitchens today are made from unnatural materials."}


Prompt:
Together, the muscular and skeletal organs are known as what?

Choices:
H. nervous system
F. lymphatic system
E. cardiovascular system
G. musculoskeletal system

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "Together, the muscular and skeletal organs are known as what?\n\nChoices:\nH. nervous system\nF. lymphatic system\nE. cardiovascular system\nG. musculoskeletal system"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"support": "CHAPTER REVIEW 6.1 The Functions of the Skeletal System The major functions of the bones are body support, facilitation of movement, protection of internal organs, storage of minerals and fat, and hematopoiesis. Together, the muscular system and skeletal system are known as the musculoskeletal system."}


Prompt:
The temperature of the box is related to the average speed of what?

Choices:
N. air
F. earth
J. molecules
E. light

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "The temperature of the box is related to the average speed of what?\n\nChoices:\nN. air\nF. earth\nJ. molecules\nE. light"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]

{"support": "The temperature of the box is related to the average speed of the molecules. Use momentum principles to relate temperature to pressure. Explain conceptually, in words rather than with equations."}


Prompt:
What two types of organism make up a lichen?

Choices:
K. snakes and bacteria
O. animals and viruses
P. insects and bacteria
D. fungus and bacteria

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "What two types of organism make up a lichen?\n\nChoices:\nK. snakes and bacteria\nO. animals and viruses\nP. insects and bacteria\nD. fungus and bacteria"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]

{"support": "Have you ever seen an organism called a lichen? Lichens are crusty, hard growths that you might find on trees, logs, walls, and rocks ( Figure below ). Although lichens may not be the prettiest organisms in nature, they are unique. A lichen is really two organisms, sometimes referred to as a composite organism, that live very closely together: a fungus and a bacterium or an alga. The cells from the alga or bacterium live inside the fungus. Besides providing a home, the fungus also provides nutri"}


Prompt:
Currently, the only known stable systems undergoing fusion are what?

Choices:
I. black holes
T. plant cells
N. interiors of stars
L. gas planets

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "Currently, the only known stable systems undergoing fusion are what?\n\nChoices:\nI. black holes\nT. plant cells\nN. interiors of stars\nL. gas planets"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "Fusion occurs in nature: The sun and other stars use fusion as their ultimate energy source. Fusion is also the basis of very destructive weapons that have been developed by several countries around the world. However, one current goal is to develop a source ofcontrolled fusion for use as an energy source. The practical problem is that to perform fusion, extremely high pressures and temperatures are necessary. Currently, the only known stable systems undergoing fusion are the interiors of stars."}


Prompt:
Prokaryotes are much simpler than what in many of their features?

Choices:
S. eukaryotes
M. microorganisms
T. membranes
C. meteorites

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "Prokaryotes are much simpler than what in many of their features?\n\nChoices:\nS. eukaryotes\nM. microorganisms\nT. membranes\nC. meteorites"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"support": "14.2 DNA Structure and Sequencing The currently accepted model of the double-helix structure of DNA was proposed by Watson and Crick. Some of the salient features are that the two strands that make up the double helix are complementary and anti-parallel in nature. Deoxyribose sugars and phosphates form the backbone of the structure, and the nitrogenous bases are stacked inside. The diameter of the double helix, 2 nm, is uniform throughout. A purine always pairs with a pyrimidine; A pairs with T,"}


Prompt:
What was the population of Hartsburg according to the 2010 census?

Choices:
H. 314
M. 410
E. 275
S. 200
R. 500

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "What was the population of Hartsburg according to the 2010 census?\n\nChoices:\nH. 314\nM. 410\nE. 275\nS. 200\nR. 500"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]


Prompt:
Though it can change states, and it often does, what cannot be created or destroyed?

Choices:
N. mass
G. water content
P. volums
C. matter

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "Though it can change states, and it often does, what cannot be created or destroyed?\n\nChoices:\nN. mass\nG. water content\nP. volums\nC. matter"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"support": "Then, the muscles of the uterus start contracting. The contractions get stronger and closer together. They may go on for hours. Eventually, the contractions squeeze the baby out of the uterus. Once the baby enters the vagina, the mother starts pushing. She soon pushes the baby through the vagina and out of her body."}


Prompt:
If a house burns down, the goldfish inside may do what?

Choices:
L. be hungry
C. grow
M. quit swimming
O. get smarter

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "If a house burns down, the goldfish inside may do what?\n\nChoices:\nL. be hungry\nC. grow\nM. quit swimming\nO. get smarter"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]


Prompt:
Coral can be found in

Choices:
O. ponds in local communities
L. the rivers in mid-America
B. streams in the Arctic
D. tepid waters of the Atlantic

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "Coral can be found in\n\nChoices:\nO. ponds in local communities\nL. the rivers in mid-America\nB. streams in the Arctic\nD. tepid waters of the Atlantic"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]


Prompt:
What is the significance of Oliver Nash's political career in the American state of Florida?

Choices:
D. Oliver Nash was the first African American politician in the state of Florida.
S. Oliver Nash served as the Governor of Florida from 1959 to 1964.
H. Oliver Nash introduced significant reforms to the education system in Florida during his time in office.
P. Oliver Nash represented Franklin County in the Florida House of Representatives from 1959 to 1964.
I. Oliver Nash was a prominent civil rights activist in Florida during the 1950s.

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the significance of Oliver Nash's political career in the American state of Florida?\n\nChoices:\nD. Oliver Nash was the first African American politician in the state of Florida.\nS. Oliver Nash served as the Governor of Florida from 1959 to 1964.\nH. Oliver Nash introduced significant reforms to the education system in Florida during his time in office.\nP. Oliver Nash represented Franklin County in the Florida House of Representatives from 1959 to 1964.\nI. Oliver Nash was a prominent civil rights activist in Florida during the 1950s."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]


Prompt:
Which of the following statements accurately represents the contents of the Wikipedia excerpt?

Choices:
S. Tale of the Woods is a 1926 silent film directed by Yuri Tarich.
T. Tale of the Woods is a 1926 comedy film directed by Yuri Tarich.
M. Tale of the Woods is a 1926 novel written by Yuri Tarich.
E. Tale of the Woods is a 1926 documentary about forestry directed by Yuri Tarich.
N. Tale of the Woods is a 1926 silent film directed by an unknown filmmaker.

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which of the following statements accurately represents the contents of the Wikipedia excerpt?\n\nChoices:\nS. Tale of the Woods is a 1926 silent film directed by Yuri Tarich.\nT. Tale of the Woods is a 1926 comedy film directed by Yuri Tarich.\nM. Tale of the Woods is a 1926 novel written by Yuri Tarich.\nE. Tale of the Woods is a 1926 documentary about forestry directed by Yuri Tarich.\nN. Tale of the Woods is a 1926 silent film directed by an unknown filmmaker."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]


Prompt:
What types of living things are divided into nonvascular and vascular groupings?

Choices:
N. mammals
S. plants
C. organs
R. animals

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "What types of living things are divided into nonvascular and vascular groupings?\n\nChoices:\nN. mammals\nS. plants\nC. organs\nR. animals"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"support": "The most basic division of modern plants is between nonvascular and vascular plants. Vascular plants are further divided into those that reproduce without seeds and those that reproduce with seeds. Seed plants, in turn, are divided into those that produce naked seeds in cones and those that produce seeds in the ovaries of flowers."}


Prompt:
A hookworm is classified as what type of organism?

Choices:
G. virus
C. predator
D. bacterium
J. parasite

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "A hookworm is classified as what type of organism?\n\nChoices:\nG. virus\nC. predator\nD. bacterium\nJ. parasite"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]

{"support": "Parasites may live either inside or on the surface of their host. An example of a parasite is a hookworm. Hookworms are roundworms that affect the small intestine and lungs of a host organism. They live inside of humans and cause them pain. However, the hookworms must live inside of a host in order to survive. Parasites may even kill the host they live on, but then they also kill their host organism, so this is rare. Parasites are found in animals, plants, and fungi. Hookworms are common in the "}


Prompt:
How do roundworms reproduce?

Choices:
I. biologically
H. asexually
M. sexually
C. sporadically

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "How do roundworms reproduce?\n\nChoices:\nI. biologically\nH. asexually\nM. sexually\nC. sporadically"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]

{"support": "Roundworms reproduce sexually. Sperm and eggs are produced by separate male and female adults. Fertilization takes place inside the female organism. Females lay huge numbers of eggs, sometimes as many as 100,000 per day! The eggs hatch into larvae, which develop into adults. Then the cycle repeats."}


Prompt:
Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack organelles surrounded by what?

Choices:
J. particles
M. tissues
F. membranes
R. cells

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack organelles surrounded by what?\n\nChoices:\nJ. particles\nM. tissues\nF. membranes\nR. cells"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]

{"support": "The Prokaryotic Cell Recall that prokaryotes (Figure 13.5) are unicellular organisms that lack organelles surrounded by membranes. Therefore, they do not have a nucleus but instead have a single chromosome—a piece of circular DNA located in an area of the cell called the nucleoid. Most prokaryotes have a cell wall lying outside the plasma membrane. The composition of the cell wall differs significantly between the domains Bacteria and Archaea (and their cell walls also differ from the eukaryotic"}


Prompt:
Which of the following is correct about hydrostatic pressure?

Choices:
C. greater than colloid osmotic pressure at the venous end of the capillary bed
T. the pressure exerted by fluid in an enclosed space
I. about zero at the midpoint of a capillary bed
M. all of the above

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which of the following is correct about hydrostatic pressure?\n\nChoices:\nC. greater than colloid osmotic pressure at the venous end of the capillary bed\nT. the pressure exerted by fluid in an enclosed space\nI. about zero at the midpoint of a capillary bed\nM. all of the above"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 802, "id": 802, "original_answer": "B", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
The cell regulates most molecules that pass through what cell structure?

Choices:
H. plasma
O. cell membrane
S. protective wall
A. ribosome

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "The cell regulates most molecules that pass through what cell structure?\n\nChoices:\nH. plasma\nO. cell membrane\nS. protective wall\nA. ribosome"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]

{"support": "The cell regulates most molecules that pass through the cell membrane. If a molecule is charged or very big, it won't make it through the cell membrane on its own. However, small, non-charged molecules like oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can pass through the cell membrane freely."}


Prompt:
When a binary acid only has one acidic hydrogen it is known as what?

Choices:
P. spirogyra
I. monoprotic
F. triprotic
L. xerophyte

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "When a binary acid only has one acidic hydrogen it is known as what?\n\nChoices:\nP. spirogyra\nI. monoprotic\nF. triprotic\nL. xerophyte"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"support": "Most of the binary acids listed here are monoprotic, because they have only one acidic hydrogen. Hydrosulfuric acid, on the other hand is diprotic. Its hydrogen ions are transferred to two water molecules in two subsequent reactions."}


Prompt:
What system transports minerals and water in a plant?

Choices:
F. stamen
K. flowers
E. roots
S. leaves

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "What system transports minerals and water in a plant?\n\nChoices:\nF. stamen\nK. flowers\nE. roots\nS. leaves"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]

{"support": "Roots absorb water and minerals and transport them to stems. They also anchor and support a plant, and store food. A root system consists of primary and secondary roots. Each root is made of dermal, ground, and vascular tissues. Roots grow in length and width from primary and secondary meristem."}


Prompt:
When did the second season of the black comedy slasher television series Scream Queens air?

Choices:
G. The second season of Scream Queens aired on Fox for 10 episodes.
J. The second season of Scream Queens aired on Fox on January 15, 2016.
C. The second season of Scream Queens aired on Fox for an unspecified number of episodes.
D. The second season of Scream Queens aired on Fox on December 20, 2016.
E. The second season of Scream Queens aired on Fox on September 20, 2016.

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "When did the second season of the black comedy slasher television series Scream Queens air?\n\nChoices:\nG. The second season of Scream Queens aired on Fox for 10 episodes.\nJ. The second season of Scream Queens aired on Fox on January 15, 2016.\nC. The second season of Scream Queens aired on Fox for an unspecified number of episodes.\nD. The second season of Scream Queens aired on Fox on December 20, 2016.\nE. The second season of Scream Queens aired on Fox on September 20, 2016."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]


Prompt:
What role did Katherine Johnson play in the success of the U.S. crewed spaceflights?

Choices:
J. Katherine Johnson was responsible for designing and building the spacecraft used for the U.S. crewed spaceflights.
M. Katherine Johnson was the first African-American woman to be sent to space on a U.S. crewed spaceflight.
C. Katherine Johnson was responsible for training the astronauts for the U.S. crewed spaceflights.
K. Katherine Johnson served as the head of the mission control team during the U.S. crewed spaceflights.
T. Katherine Johnson's calculations of orbital mechanics as a NASA employee were critical to the success of the U.S. crewed spaceflights.

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "What role did Katherine Johnson play in the success of the U.S. crewed spaceflights?\n\nChoices:\nJ. Katherine Johnson was responsible for designing and building the spacecraft used for the U.S. crewed spaceflights.\nM. Katherine Johnson was the first African-American woman to be sent to space on a U.S. crewed spaceflight.\nC. Katherine Johnson was responsible for training the astronauts for the U.S. crewed spaceflights.\nK. Katherine Johnson served as the head of the mission control team during the U.S. crewed spaceflights.\nT. Katherine Johnson's calculations of orbital mechanics as a NASA employee were critical to the success of the U.S. crewed spaceflights."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]


Prompt:
What is the fusing of two or more smaller nuclei to form a single, larger nucleus?

Choices:
D. radiactive fusion
A. nuclear fusion
K. likely fusion
S. atomic fusion

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the fusing of two or more smaller nuclei to form a single, larger nucleus?\n\nChoices:\nD. radiactive fusion\nA. nuclear fusion\nK. likely fusion\nS. atomic fusion"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]

{"support": "Nuclear fusion is the fusing of two or more smaller nuclei to form a single, larger nucleus. Fusion releases even more energy than fission. Researchers are trying to find a way to use the energy from nuclear fusion to generate electricity."}


Prompt:
Oxides contain one or two metal elements combined with what?

Choices:
F. oxygen
D. nitrogen
S. carbon
E. ethanol

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "Oxides contain one or two metal elements combined with what?\n\nChoices:\nF. oxygen\nD. nitrogen\nS. carbon\nE. ethanol"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]

{"support": "Earth's crust contains a lot of oxygen. The oxygen combines with many other elements to create oxide minerals. Oxides contain one or two metal elements combined with oxygen. Oxides are different from silicates because they do not contain silicon. Many important metals are found as oxides. For example, hematite and magnetite are both oxides that contain iron. Hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ) has a ratio of two iron atoms to three oxygen atoms. Magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) has a ratio of three iron atoms to four oxy"}


Prompt:
Which of the following is correct about mature breast milk?

Choices:
G. has more calcium than cow's milk
F. has more sodium than cow's milk
T. has more protein than cow's milk
H. has more fat than cow's milk

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which of the following is correct about mature breast milk?\n\nChoices:\nG. has more calcium than cow's milk\nF. has more sodium than cow's milk\nT. has more protein than cow's milk\nH. has more fat than cow's milk"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 2609, "id": 2609, "original_answer": "D", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
Animals require

Choices:
R. the help of people
B. the same gas needed for photosynthesis
O. the environmental output of plants
C. a lack of natural resources

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "Animals require\n\nChoices:\nR. the help of people\nB. the same gas needed for photosynthesis\nO. the environmental output of plants\nC. a lack of natural resources"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]


Prompt:
Single bonds between atoms are always what?

Choices:
D. rna bonds
J. analogue bonds
Q. genetic bonds
H. sigma bonds

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "Single bonds between atoms are always what?\n\nChoices:\nD. rna bonds\nJ. analogue bonds\nQ. genetic bonds\nH. sigma bonds"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]

{"support": "In general, single bonds between atoms are always sigma bonds. Double bonds are comprised of one sigma and one pi bond. Triple bonds are comprised of one sigma bond and two pi bonds."}


Prompt:
eating food that contains pesticides can have a negative impact on humans and

Choices:
T. golden retrievers
O. blankets
G. rocks
L. sticks

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "eating food that contains pesticides can have a negative impact on humans and\n\nChoices:\nT. golden retrievers\nO. blankets\nG. rocks\nL. sticks"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]


Prompt:
What is İdris Naim Şahin's political role in Turkey?

Choices:
O. He is the Prime Minister of Turkey.
P. He is a member of the Turkish Parliament.
A. He is the President of Turkey.
L. He is the Mayor of Istanbul.
E. He is a member of the Turkish Supreme Court.

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is İdris Naim Şahin's political role in Turkey?\n\nChoices:\nO. He is the Prime Minister of Turkey.\nP. He is a member of the Turkish Parliament.\nA. He is the President of Turkey.\nL. He is the Mayor of Istanbul.\nE. He is a member of the Turkish Supreme Court."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]


Prompt:
Which type of adjustment occurs when cash is not collected or paid, but the related income or expense is reportable in the current period?

Choices:
R. accrual
J. cull
K. estimate
B. deferral

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which type of adjustment occurs when cash is not collected or paid, but the related income or expense is reportable in the current period?\n\nChoices:\nR. accrual\nJ. cull\nK. estimate\nB. deferral"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 1077, "id": 1077, "original_answer": "A", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
What can show that loss of resources has a negative impact on the organisms in an area?

Choices:
A. when prey is overhunted, predators die
S. lakes dry up and fish species are less varied
G. deer need plenty of space to live
B. sharks need to eat a lot of fish in order to survive

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "What can show that loss of resources has a negative impact on the organisms in an area?\n\nChoices:\nA. when prey is overhunted, predators die\nS. lakes dry up and fish species are less varied\nG. deer need plenty of space to live\nB. sharks need to eat a lot of fish in order to survive"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]


Prompt:
What is a key advantage of a decentralized organization?

Choices:
N. the ease of aligning segment and company goals
F. increased administrative costs
J. quicker decisions and response time
O. duplication of efforts

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is a key advantage of a decentralized organization?\n\nChoices:\nN. the ease of aligning segment and company goals\nF. increased administrative costs\nJ. quicker decisions and response time\nO. duplication of efforts"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 1210, "id": 1210, "original_answer": "B", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
An early science that tried to correlate personality with measurements of parts of a person's skull is known as what?

Choices:
P. psychology
B. personality psychology
R. physiology
F. phrenology

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "An early science that tried to correlate personality with measurements of parts of a person's skull is known as what?\n\nChoices:\nP. psychology\nB. personality psychology\nR. physiology\nF. phrenology"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 1130, "id": 1130, "original_answer": "A", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
What are clauses in the U.S. Constitution that relate to international law?

Choices:
E. The National Association of Securities Dealers.
I. The New York Stock Exchange.
J. The Chicago Board of Options.
K. All of the above.

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "What are clauses in the U.S. Constitution that relate to international law?\n\nChoices:\nE. The National Association of Securities Dealers.\nI. The New York Stock Exchange.\nJ. The Chicago Board of Options.\nK. All of the above."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 2485, "id": 2485, "original_answer": "A", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
A tape measure aids in

Choices:
P. deciding what color to paint a room
I. formulating the area of a room
G. figuring the state of matter of an object
S. determining mass of an object

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "A tape measure aids in\n\nChoices:\nP. deciding what color to paint a room\nI. formulating the area of a room\nG. figuring the state of matter of an object\nS. determining mass of an object"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]


Prompt:
Chemical digestion couldn't take place without the help of what?

Choices:
Q. digestive enzymes
S. neurotransmitters
R. melatonin
N. pigments

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "Chemical digestion couldn't take place without the help of what?\n\nChoices:\nQ. digestive enzymes\nS. neurotransmitters\nR. melatonin\nN. pigments"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"support": "Chemical digestion could not take place without the help of digestive enzymes. An enzyme is a protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body. Digestive enzymes speed up chemical reactions that break down large food molecules into small molecules."}


Prompt:
Saturated hydrocarbons get their name because they are saturated with what atoms?

Choices:
I. helium
A. hydrogen
E. oxygen
N. nitrogen

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "Saturated hydrocarbons get their name because they are saturated with what atoms?\n\nChoices:\nI. helium\nA. hydrogen\nE. oxygen\nN. nitrogen"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]

{"support": "Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds between carbon atoms, so the carbon atoms are bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible. In other words, they are saturated with hydrogen atoms."}


Prompt:
What disease-causing acellular entities containing either dna or rna replicate using the replication proteins of a host cell?

Choices:
C. parasites
A. parasitic worms
M. viruses
H. pathogens

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "What disease-causing acellular entities containing either dna or rna replicate using the replication proteins of a host cell?\n\nChoices:\nC. parasites\nA. parasitic worms\nM. viruses\nH. pathogens"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]

{"support": "CHAPTER SUMMARY 17.1 Viruses Viruses are acellular entities that can usually only be seen with an electron microscope. Their genomes contain either DNA or RNA, and they replicate using the replication proteins of a host cell. Viruses are diverse, infecting archaea, bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. Viruses consist of a nucleic-acid core surrounded by a protein capsid with or without an outer lipid envelope. Viral replication within a living cell always produces changes in the cell, sometimes"}


Prompt:
In general, objects expand in all directions as temperature does what?

Choices:
S. decreases
T. increases
A. cycles
N. stays the same

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "In general, objects expand in all directions as temperature does what?\n\nChoices:\nS. decreases\nT. increases\nA. cycles\nN. stays the same"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]

{"support": "Figure 13.11 In general, objects expand in all directions as temperature increases. In these drawings, the original boundaries of the objects are shown with solid lines, and the expanded boundaries with dashed lines. (a) Area increases because both length and width increase. The area of a circular plug also increases. (b) If the plug is removed, the hole it leaves becomes larger with increasing temperature, just as if the expanding plug were still in place. (c) Volume also increases, because all"}


Prompt:
Burning fossil fuels releases what into the atmosphere?

Choices:
Q. nitrogen dioxide
E. phosphorus dioxide
S. carbon dioxide
I. carbon monoxide

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "Burning fossil fuels releases what into the atmosphere?\n\nChoices:\nQ. nitrogen dioxide\nE. phosphorus dioxide\nS. carbon dioxide\nI. carbon monoxide"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"support": "Burning organic material, such as fossil fuels, releases carbon dioxide."}


Prompt:
On a cloudy day

Choices:
B. the sun is obscured
F. the wind is strong
O. the clouds are thin
E. the sky is dark

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "On a cloudy day\n\nChoices:\nB. the sun is obscured\nF. the wind is strong\nO. the clouds are thin\nE. the sky is dark"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]


Prompt:
If a lawnmower runs over an anthill, the colony's population probably

Choices:
F. stagnates
O. doubles
C. increases
Q. decreases

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "If a lawnmower runs over an anthill, the colony's population probably\n\nChoices:\nF. stagnates\nO. doubles\nC. increases\nQ. decreases"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]


Prompt:
An inherited characteristic from my dad is

Choices:
R. the bike
I. a building
D. the cat
N. moles

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "An inherited characteristic from my dad is\n\nChoices:\nR. the bike\nI. a building\nD. the cat\nN. moles"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]


Prompt:
What term describes the long-term, predictable atmospheric conditions of a specific area?

Choices:
N. wind patterns
M. climate
L. hemosphere
E. solar activity

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "What term describes the long-term, predictable atmospheric conditions of a specific area?\n\nChoices:\nN. wind patterns\nM. climate\nL. hemosphere\nE. solar activity"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]

{"support": "Climate and Weather A common misconception about global climate change is that a specific weather event occurring in a particular region (for example, a very cool week in June in central Indiana) is evidence of global climate change. However, a cold week in June is a weather-related event and not a climate-related one. These misconceptions often arise because of confusion over the terms climate and weather. Climate refers to the long-term, predictable atmospheric conditions of a specific area. T"}


Prompt:
A flashlight emits

Choices:
O. sound
G. bugs
B. water
M. particles

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "A flashlight emits\n\nChoices:\nO. sound\nG. bugs\nB. water\nM. particles"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]


Prompt:
Because building a house requires a lot of daylight, it's best to do it in

Choices:
C. a cave
I. July
J. December
L. January

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "Because building a house requires a lot of daylight, it's best to do it in\n\nChoices:\nC. a cave\nI. July\nJ. December\nL. January"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]


Prompt:
Where does the yellow-crowned elaenia typically forage for food?

Choices:
N. In the forest understory to mid-story
B. In mixed-species feeding flocks
H. In the open sky
G. In the ocean

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "Where does the yellow-crowned elaenia typically forage for food?\n\nChoices:\nN. In the forest understory to mid-story\nB. In mixed-species feeding flocks\nH. In the open sky\nG. In the ocean"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"id": 12464750, "title": "Yellow-crowned elaenia", "grade_level": "grade 3 to 5", "question_index": 0}


Prompt:
Which changes the environment?

Choices:
G. vacuuming carpet
K. backyard vegetable garden
I. television signals
S. taking a nap

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which changes the environment?\n\nChoices:\nG. vacuuming carpet\nK. backyard vegetable garden\nI. television signals\nS. taking a nap"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]


Prompt:
What is a good example of camouflage?

Choices:
B. when a fish swims with a large group of fish to hide itself
G. when a rabbit hides in a patch of grass
O. when a cat presses its body flat to the ground to hide
D. when a creature adjusts the shape and color of its body to appear as something else

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is a good example of camouflage?\n\nChoices:\nB. when a fish swims with a large group of fish to hide itself\nG. when a rabbit hides in a patch of grass\nO. when a cat presses its body flat to the ground to hide\nD. when a creature adjusts the shape and color of its body to appear as something else"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]


Prompt:
What theory states that both energy and matter have characteristics of waves under some conditions and characteristics of particles under other conditions?

Choices:
A. big bang theory
G. quantum theory
H. atomic theory
S. static theory

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "What theory states that both energy and matter have characteristics of waves under some conditions and characteristics of particles under other conditions?\n\nChoices:\nA. big bang theory\nG. quantum theory\nH. atomic theory\nS. static theory"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"support": "Most definitions of quantum theory and quantum mechanics offer the same description for both. These definitions essentially describe quantum theory as a theory in which both energy and matter have characteristics of waves under some conditions and characteristics of particles under other conditions."}


Prompt:
Protect the environment by

Choices:
H. using less hairspray
G. using less renewables
L. using more packaging
F. using more water

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "Protect the environment by\n\nChoices:\nH. using less hairspray\nG. using less renewables\nL. using more packaging\nF. using more water"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]


Prompt:
Which of the following is NOT a requirement for patent eligibility?

Choices:
D. Novel.
K. Revolutionary.
H. Useful.
F. Non-obvious.

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which of the following is NOT a requirement for patent eligibility?\n\nChoices:\nD. Novel.\nK. Revolutionary.\nH. Useful.\nF. Non-obvious."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 2268, "id": 2268, "original_answer": "B", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
What part of the earth does a compass needle align with?

Choices:
H. gravitational field
E. magnetic field
C. molecular field
J. geospatial field

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "What part of the earth does a compass needle align with?\n\nChoices:\nH. gravitational field\nE. magnetic field\nC. molecular field\nJ. geospatial field"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]

{"support": "You can use Earth's magnetic field to tell you where you want to go. A compass needle aligns with Earth's magnetic field. People can navigate by finding magnetic north. If you know where north is, you can figure out how to get anywhere. A compass is great for finding your way when you're out in the field!."}


Prompt:
What series of reactions is common to fermentation and cellular respiration?

Choices:
P. metabolism
A. spermatogenesis
B. glycolysis
J. photosynthesis

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "What series of reactions is common to fermentation and cellular respiration?\n\nChoices:\nP. metabolism\nA. spermatogenesis\nB. glycolysis\nJ. photosynthesis"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]


Prompt:
Which of the following is not one of the presumed components of happiness?

Choices:
O. learning new skills
T. identifying and using our talents to enrich our lives
R. regular pleasurable experiences
I. using our talents to help improve the lives of others

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which of the following is not one of the presumed components of happiness?\n\nChoices:\nO. learning new skills\nT. identifying and using our talents to enrich our lives\nR. regular pleasurable experiences\nI. using our talents to help improve the lives of others"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 3230, "id": 3230, "original_answer": "B", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
What is a ridge of sand that extends away from the shore?

Choices:
H. a depression
P. a scoop
L. a spit
R. a dig

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is a ridge of sand that extends away from the shore?\n\nChoices:\nH. a depression\nP. a scoop\nL. a spit\nR. a dig"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]

{"support": "A spit is a ridge of sand that extends away from the shore. The end of the spit may hook around toward the quieter waters close to shore."}


Prompt:
What occurs when force is applied to a moving object?

Choices:
Q. stimulation
L. inertia
T. acceleration
K. transmission

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "What occurs when force is applied to a moving object?\n\nChoices:\nQ. stimulation\nL. inertia\nT. acceleration\nK. transmission"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]

{"support": "Acceleration occurs when a force is applied to a moving object."}


Prompt:
Ragweed and poison ivy are common causes of what?

Choices:
L. cancers
J. allergies
H. mutations
I. defects

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "Ragweed and poison ivy are common causes of what?\n\nChoices:\nL. cancers\nJ. allergies\nH. mutations\nI. defects"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]

{"support": "Ragweed and poison ivy are common causes of allergies. Are you allergic to these plants?."}


Prompt:
The next moon phase after a solar eclipse is

Choices:
I. first quarter
C. third quarter
F. super moon
O. full moon

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "The next moon phase after a solar eclipse is\n\nChoices:\nI. first quarter\nC. third quarter\nF. super moon\nO. full moon"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]


Prompt:
Where do two or more bones of the skeleton meet?

Choices:
O. valves
P. junctures
E. muscle paths
F. joints

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "Where do two or more bones of the skeleton meet?\n\nChoices:\nO. valves\nP. junctures\nE. muscle paths\nF. joints"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]

{"support": "Joints are places where two or more bones of the skeleton meet. With the help of muscles, joints allow the body to move with relatively little force. Some joints can move more than others."}


Prompt:
Why might a person fall asleep after being lost in a forest on a freezing cold day?

Choices:
N. energy levels increase
L. A big meal.
C. energy levels decrease
O. They live there

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "Why might a person fall asleep after being lost in a forest on a freezing cold day?\n\nChoices:\nN. energy levels increase\nL. A big meal.\nC. energy levels decrease\nO. They live there"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]


Prompt:
Context:
Louis XVI had to increase taxes for reasons you have learnt in the previous section. How do you
think he could have gone about doing this? In France of the Old Regime the monarch did not
have the power to impose taxes according to his will alone. Rather he had to call a meeting of
the Estates General which would then pass his proposals for new taxes. The Estates General
was a political body to which the three estates sent their representatives. However, the monarch
alone could decide when to call a meeting of this body. The last time it was done was in 1614.
On 5 May 1789, Louis XVI called together an assembly of the Estates General to pass
proposals for new taxes. A resplendent hall in Versailles was prepared to host the delegates.
The first and second estates sent 300 representatives each, who were seated in rows facing
each other on two sides, while the 600 members of the third estate had to stand at the back.
The third estate was represented by its more prosperous and educated members. Peasants,
artisans and women were denied entry to the assembly. However, their grievances and
demands were listed in some 40,000 letters which the representatives had brought with them.
Voting in the Estates General in the past had been conducted according
to the principle that each estate had one vote. This time too Louis
XVI was determined to continue the same practice. But members of
the third estate demanded that voting now be conducted by the
assembly as a whole, where each member would have one vote. This
was one of the democratic principles put forward by philosophers
like Rousseau in his book The Social Contract. When the king rejected
this proposal, members of the third estate walked out of the assembly
in protest.
The representatives of the third estate viewed themselves as spokesmen
for the whole French nation. On 20 June they assembled in the hall
of an indoor tennis court in the grounds of Versailles. They declared
themselves a National Assembly and swore not to disperse till they
had drafted a constitution for France that would limit the powers of
the monarch. They were led by Mirabeau and Abbé Sieyès. Mirabeau
was born in a noble family but was convinced of the need to do away
with a society of feudal privilege. He brought out a journal and
delivered powerful speeches to the crowds assembled at Versailles. Abbé Sieyès, originally a
priest, wrote an influential pamphlet called 'What is the Third Estate'? While the National
Assembly was busy at Versailles drafting a constitution, the rest of France seethed with turmoil.
A severe winter had meant a bad harvest; the price of bread rose, often bakers exploited the
situation and hoarded supplies. After spending hours in long queues at the bakery, crowds of
angry women stormed into the shops. At the same time, the king ordered troops to move into
Paris. On 14 July, the agitated crowd stormed and destroyed the Bastille. In the countryside
rumours spread from village to village that the lords of the manor

Question:
What significant event occurred on July 14th, 1789?

Choices:
B. The execution of Louis XVI
O. The women's march on Versailles
C. The storming of the Bastille
P. The signing of the Declaration of the Rights of Man

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "Context:\nLouis XVI had to increase taxes for reasons you have learnt in the previous section. How do you\nthink he could have gone about doing this? In France of the Old Regime the monarch did not\nhave the power to impose taxes according to his will alone. Rather he had to call a meeting of\nthe Estates General which would then pass his proposals for new taxes. The Estates General\nwas a political body to which the three estates sent their representatives. However, the monarch\nalone could decide when to call a meeting of this body. The last time it was done was in 1614.\nOn 5 May 1789, Louis XVI called together an assembly of the Estates General to pass\nproposals for new taxes. A resplendent hall in Versailles was prepared to host the delegates.\nThe first and second estates sent 300 representatives each, who were seated in rows facing\neach other on two sides, while the 600 members of the third estate had to stand at the back.\nThe third estate was represented by its more prosperous and educated members. Peasants,\nartisans and women were denied entry to the assembly. However, their grievances and\ndemands were listed in some 40,000 letters which the representatives had brought with them.\nVoting in the Estates General in the past had been conducted according\nto the principle that each estate had one vote. This time too Louis\nXVI was determined to continue the same practice. But members of\nthe third estate demanded that voting now be conducted by the\nassembly as a whole, where each member would have one vote. This\nwas one of the democratic principles put forward by philosophers\nlike Rousseau in his book The Social Contract. When the king rejected\nthis proposal, members of the third estate walked out of the assembly\nin protest.\nThe representatives of the third estate viewed themselves as spokesmen\nfor the whole French nation. On 20 June they assembled in the hall\nof an indoor tennis court in the grounds of Versailles. They declared\nthemselves a National Assembly and swore not to disperse till they\nhad drafted a constitution for France that would limit the powers of\nthe monarch. They were led by Mirabeau and Abbé Sieyès. Mirabeau\nwas born in a noble family but was convinced of the need to do away\nwith a society of feudal privilege. He brought out a journal and\ndelivered powerful speeches to the crowds assembled at Versailles. Abbé Sieyès, originally a\npriest, wrote an influential pamphlet called 'What is the Third Estate'? While the National\nAssembly was busy at Versailles drafting a constitution, the rest of France seethed with turmoil.\nA severe winter had meant a bad harvest; the price of bread rose, often bakers exploited the\nsituation and hoarded supplies. After spending hours in long queues at the bakery, crowds of\nangry women stormed into the shops. At the same time, the king ordered troops to move into\nParis. On 14 July, the agitated crowd stormed and destroyed the Bastille. In the countryside\nrumours spread from village to village that the lords of the manor\n\nQuestion:\nWhat significant event occurred on July 14th, 1789?\n\nChoices:\nB. The execution of Louis XVI\nO. The women's march on Versailles\nC. The storming of the Bastille\nP. The signing of the Declaration of the Rights of Man"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]


Prompt:
Sexual reproduction involves the production of haploid gametes by what?

Choices:
T. mutations
J. meiosis
C. mitosis
K. lesions

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "Sexual reproduction involves the production of haploid gametes by what?\n\nChoices:\nT. mutations\nJ. meiosis\nC. mitosis\nK. lesions"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]

{"support": "Cycle of Sexual Reproduction. Sexual reproduction involves the production of haploid gametes by meiosis. This is followed by fertilization and the formation of a diploid zygote. The number of chromosomes in a gamete is represented by the letter n. Why does the zygote have 2n, or twice as many, chromosomes?."}


Prompt:
Purkinje fibers have a fast inherent what?

Choices:
Q. electromagnetic rate
G. induction rate
R. conduction rate
A. replication rate

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "Purkinje fibers have a fast inherent what?\n\nChoices:\nQ. electromagnetic rate\nG. induction rate\nR. conduction rate\nA. replication rate"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]

{"support": "Atrioventricular Bundle (Bundle of His), Bundle Branches, and Purkinje Fibers Arising from the AV node, the atrioventricular bundle, or bundle of His, proceeds through the interventricular septum before dividing into two atrioventricular bundle branches, commonly called the left and right bundle branches. The left bundle branch has two fascicles. The left bundle branch supplies the left ventricle, and the right bundle branch the right ventricle. Since the left ventricle is much larger than the r"}


Prompt:
What comes directly from the source?

Choices:
J. Denim
R. Plastic
P. White sugar
D. Lumber

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "What comes directly from the source?\n\nChoices:\nJ. Denim\nR. Plastic\nP. White sugar\nD. Lumber"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]


Prompt:
which of these scenarios would result in the ugliest TV screen?

Choices:
R. a bowl of cotton is emptied on it
E. a bowl of quartz is emptied on it
C. a silk tie falls on it
T. a handkerchief drops on it

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "which of these scenarios would result in the ugliest TV screen?\n\nChoices:\nR. a bowl of cotton is emptied on it\nE. a bowl of quartz is emptied on it\nC. a silk tie falls on it\nT. a handkerchief drops on it"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]


Prompt:
What is a type of plant tissue consisting of undifferentiated cells that can continue to divide and differentiate?

Choices:
I. meristem
H. tuber
Q. malignant
N. ganglion

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is a type of plant tissue consisting of undifferentiated cells that can continue to divide and differentiate?\n\nChoices:\nI. meristem\nH. tuber\nQ. malignant\nN. ganglion"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"support": "The key to continued growth and repair of plant cells is meristem . Meristem is a type of plant tissue consisting of undifferentiated cells that can continue to divide and differentiate."}


Prompt:
Where might you see light reflect?

Choices:
S. bottled liquid
D. sand
N. rocks
C. wood

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "Where might you see light reflect?\n\nChoices:\nS. bottled liquid\nD. sand\nN. rocks\nC. wood"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]


Prompt:
What is the main purpose of flood control channels?

Choices:
C. To help water flow away quickly during floods
I. To supply water to cities
M. To provide a habitat for wildlife
E. To store water for future use

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the main purpose of flood control channels?\n\nChoices:\nC. To help water flow away quickly during floods\nI. To supply water to cities\nM. To provide a habitat for wildlife\nE. To store water for future use"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"id": 12110323, "title": "Flood control channel", "grade_level": "grade 3 to 5", "question_index": 0}


Prompt:
What is the net force acting on an object when two equal forces are applied from opposite directions?

Choices:
G. negative
L. homeostasis
Q. zero
H. sum

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the net force acting on an object when two equal forces are applied from opposite directions?\n\nChoices:\nG. negative\nL. homeostasis\nQ. zero\nH. sum"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"support": "When two forces act on an object in opposite directions, like the book on the table, the net force is equal to the difference between the two forces. In other words, one force is subtracted from the other to calculate the net force. If the opposing forces are equal in strength, the net force is zero. That's what happens with the book on the table. The upward force minus the downward force equals zero (20 N up - 20 N down = 0 N). Because the forces on the book are balanced, the book remains on th"}


Prompt:
Whose proposal of the endosymbiotic theory of mitochondrial and chloroplast origin was ultimately accepted by the greater scientific community?

Choices:
J. Lynn Margulis
L. Ignaz Semmelweis
C. Rudolf Virchow
O. Theodor Schwann

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "Whose proposal of the endosymbiotic theory of mitochondrial and chloroplast origin was ultimately accepted by the greater scientific community?\n\nChoices:\nJ. Lynn Margulis\nL. Ignaz Semmelweis\nC. Rudolf Virchow\nO. Theodor Schwann"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 1787, "id": 1787, "original_answer": "C", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
In projectile motion, the horizontal displacement of an object is called its what?

Choices:
S. height
M. variety
A. range
T. width

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "In projectile motion, the horizontal displacement of an object is called its what?\n\nChoices:\nS. height\nM. variety\nA. range\nT. width"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]

{"support": "In projectile motion, the horizontal displacement of an object is called its range ."}


Prompt:
The cephalic phase (reflex phase) of gastric secretion, which is relatively brief, takes place before food enters where?

Choices:
I. stomach
C. skin
Q. respiratory
L. Head

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "The cephalic phase (reflex phase) of gastric secretion, which is relatively brief, takes place before food enters where?\n\nChoices:\nI. stomach\nC. skin\nQ. respiratory\nL. Head"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"support": "The cephalic phase (reflex phase) of gastric secretion, which is relatively brief, takes place before food enters the stomach. The smell, taste, sight, or thought of food triggers this phase. For example, when you bring a piece of sushi to your lips, impulses from receptors in your taste buds or the nose are relayed to your brain, which returns signals that increase gastric secretion to prepare your stomach for digestion. This enhanced secretion is a conditioned reflex, meaning it occurs only if"}


Prompt:
What information does the Wikipedia excerpt provide about Nanfeng station?

Choices:
O. Nanfeng station is a station on the Guangzhou Metro's Line 8, serving the public from December 31, 2013.
B. Nanfeng station is a station on the Guangzhou Metro's Haizhu Tram line, which began operating on December 31, 2014.
D. Nanfeng station is a station on the Guangzhou Metro's Line 1, serving passengers since 2014.
H. Nanfeng station is a station on the Guangzhou Metro's Line 6, offering its services since December 31, 2014.
I. Nanfeng station is a station on the Guangzhou Metro's Line 4, which started operations on January 1, 2015.

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "What information does the Wikipedia excerpt provide about Nanfeng station?\n\nChoices:\nO. Nanfeng station is a station on the Guangzhou Metro's Line 8, serving the public from December 31, 2013.\nB. Nanfeng station is a station on the Guangzhou Metro's Haizhu Tram line, which began operating on December 31, 2014.\nD. Nanfeng station is a station on the Guangzhou Metro's Line 1, serving passengers since 2014.\nH. Nanfeng station is a station on the Guangzhou Metro's Line 6, offering its services since December 31, 2014.\nI. Nanfeng station is a station on the Guangzhou Metro's Line 4, which started operations on January 1, 2015."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]


Prompt:
An electric car will have difficulty receiving energy at

Choices:
E. a gasoline station
K. an electric station
B. a power outlet
C. a charging station

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "An electric car will have difficulty receiving energy at\n\nChoices:\nE. a gasoline station\nK. an electric station\nB. a power outlet\nC. a charging station"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]


Prompt:
What is the process called in which populations of organisms change over time?

Choices:
G. mutation
R. evolution
F. generation
C. emergence

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the process called in which populations of organisms change over time?\n\nChoices:\nG. mutation\nR. evolution\nF. generation\nC. emergence"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]

{"support": "Evolution is the process by which populations of organisms change over time. It is a process that began on this planet well over 3.5 billion years ago and continues to this day, as populations of organisms continue to change."}


Prompt:
This is a rarely used way to produce electricity.

Choices:
D. solar power
F. wind energy
E. hydroelectric power
N. tidal energy

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "This is a rarely used way to produce electricity.\n\nChoices:\nD. solar power\nF. wind energy\nE. hydroelectric power\nN. tidal energy"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]


Prompt:
The nervous system, together with what system, controls all the other organ systems?

Choices:
S. limb system
E. reproductive system
T. endocrine system
I. skeletal system

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "The nervous system, together with what system, controls all the other organ systems?\n\nChoices:\nS. limb system\nE. reproductive system\nT. endocrine system\nI. skeletal system"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]

{"support": "The nervous system, together with the endocrine system, controls all the other organ systems. The nervous system sends one type of signal around the body, and the endocrine system sends another type of signal around the body. The endocrine system makes and releases chemical messenger molecules, or hormones, which tell other body parts that a change or a reaction is necessary. So what type of signal does the nervous system send?."}


Prompt:
What is it called when the soils of the arctic tundra remain in a perennially frozen state?

Choices:
S. permafreeze
B. glacial domination
C. permafrost
A. concentrated freeze

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is it called when the soils of the arctic tundra remain in a perennially frozen state?\n\nChoices:\nS. permafreeze\nB. glacial domination\nC. permafrost\nA. concentrated freeze"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"support": "Arctic Tundra The Arctic tundra lies north of the subarctic boreal forest and is located throughout the Arctic regions of the northern hemisphere (Figure 44.12). The average winter temperature is -34 °C (-34 °F) and the average summer temperature is from 3 °C to 12 °C (37 °F–52 °F). Plants in the arctic tundra have a very short growing season of approximately 10–12 weeks. However, during this time, there are almost 24 hours of daylight and plant growth is rapid. The annual precipitation of the A"}


Prompt:
Which compound has positively and negatively charged ends?

Choices:
M. tumultuous compound
D. polar compound
A. real compound
K. non-polar compound

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which compound has positively and negatively charged ends?\n\nChoices:\nM. tumultuous compound\nD. polar compound\nA. real compound\nK. non-polar compound"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]

{"support": "Salt isn't the only solute that dissolves in water. In fact, so many things dissolve in water that water is sometimes called the universal solvent. Water is such a good solvent because it is a very polar compound. A polar compound has positively and negatively charged ends. Solutes that are also charged are attracted to the oppositely charged ends of water molecules. This allows the water molecules to pull the solute particles apart."}


Prompt:
Owls spend their nights

Choices:
G. hanging out with other owls
D. scanning their territory for field mice
H. sleeping in hollow logs
J. tending to their homes

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "Owls spend their nights\n\nChoices:\nG. hanging out with other owls\nD. scanning their territory for field mice\nH. sleeping in hollow logs\nJ. tending to their homes"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]


Prompt:
What is the layman's term for a state in which external stimuli are received but not consciously perceived?

Choices:
K. dreaming
L. immunity
M. homeostasis
C. sleep

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the layman's term for a state in which external stimuli are received but not consciously perceived?\n\nChoices:\nK. dreaming\nL. immunity\nM. homeostasis\nC. sleep"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]


Prompt:
by congregating together a collection of organisms chances of survival

Choices:
N. stays the same
A. decreases
I. stops
P. raises

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "by congregating together a collection of organisms chances of survival\n\nChoices:\nN. stays the same\nA. decreases\nI. stops\nP. raises"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]


Prompt:
What do plant and fungi cells have that animal cells lack?

Choices:
B. cell holes
C. cell walls
N. cell swamps
E. cell ridges

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "What do plant and fungi cells have that animal cells lack?\n\nChoices:\nB. cell holes\nC. cell walls\nN. cell swamps\nE. cell ridges"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]


Prompt:
Nerves are used in order to sense which things?

Choices:
I. the sound and sadness of a baby's cry
O. the warming feeling of being told you are loved
A. the smell of dirty trash
Q. the warmth and touch of a kiss on the cheek

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "Nerves are used in order to sense which things?\n\nChoices:\nI. the sound and sadness of a baby's cry\nO. the warming feeling of being told you are loved\nA. the smell of dirty trash\nQ. the warmth and touch of a kiss on the cheek"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]


Prompt:
Tunnels

Choices:
H. help prevent the effects of erosion
C. pact down soil to make it denser
G. lead to less impacted soil
K. firm up the ground

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "Tunnels\n\nChoices:\nH. help prevent the effects of erosion\nC. pact down soil to make it denser\nG. lead to less impacted soil\nK. firm up the ground"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]


Prompt:
In which environment are you most likely to encounter a hyperthermophile?

Choices:
O. hydrothermal vent at the bottom of the ocean
G. hot tub
M. human body
S. warm ocean water in Florida

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "In which environment are you most likely to encounter a hyperthermophile?\n\nChoices:\nO. hydrothermal vent at the bottom of the ocean\nG. hot tub\nM. human body\nS. warm ocean water in Florida"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 199, "id": 199, "original_answer": "C", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
The properties of cyclic hydrocarbons are generally quite similar to those of the corresponding open-chain compounds. so cycloalkanes (with the exception of cyclopropane, which has a highly strained ring) act very much like noncyclic alkanes. cyclic structures containing five or six carbon atoms, such as cyclopentane and cyclohexane, are particularly what?

Choices:
F. reactive
C. small
B. stable
J. large

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "The properties of cyclic hydrocarbons are generally quite similar to those of the corresponding open-chain compounds. so cycloalkanes (with the exception of cyclopropane, which has a highly strained ring) act very much like noncyclic alkanes. cyclic structures containing five or six carbon atoms, such as cyclopentane and cyclohexane, are particularly what?\n\nChoices:\nF. reactive\nC. small\nB. stable\nJ. large"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]

{"support": "The properties of cyclic hydrocarbons are generally quite similar to those of the corresponding open-chain compounds. So cycloalkanes (with the exception of cyclopropane, which has a highly strained ring) act very much like noncyclic alkanes. Cyclic structures containing five or six carbon atoms, such as cyclopentane and cyclohexane, are particularly stable. We will see in Chapter 16 \"Carbohydrates\" that some carbohydrates (sugars) form five- or six-membered rings in solution."}


Prompt:
An artery is a blood vessel that conducts blood away from the what?

Choices:
O. stomach
H. brain
Q. heart
P. lung

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "An artery is a blood vessel that conducts blood away from the what?\n\nChoices:\nO. stomach\nH. brain\nQ. heart\nP. lung"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"support": "Arteries An artery is a blood vessel that conducts blood away from the heart. All arteries have relatively thick walls that can withstand the high pressure of blood ejected from the heart. However, those close to the heart have the thickest walls, containing a high percentage of elastic fibers in all three of their tunics. This type of artery is known as an elastic artery (Figure 20.4). Vessels larger than 10 mm in diameter are typically elastic. Their abundant elastic fibers allow them to expan"}


Prompt:
What are archaea that live in extremely hot environments called?

Choices:
R. tardigrades
T. hypothermic
D. hemophiliacs
F. thermophiles

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "What are archaea that live in extremely hot environments called?\n\nChoices:\nR. tardigrades\nT. hypothermic\nD. hemophiliacs\nF. thermophiles"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]

{"support": "Archaea that live in extremely hot environments are called thermophiles."}


Prompt:
What organisms have a life cycle that includes alternation of generations?

Choices:
K. plants
M. insects
Q. fungi
P. animals

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "What organisms have a life cycle that includes alternation of generations?\n\nChoices:\nK. plants\nM. insects\nQ. fungi\nP. animals"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]

{"support": "All plants have a characteristic life cycle that includes alternation of generations."}


Prompt:
What compound gives tarnished copper it's green color?

Choices:
S. zinc
E. copper carbonate
B. brass
M. bronze

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "What compound gives tarnished copper it's green color?\n\nChoices:\nS. zinc\nE. copper carbonate\nB. brass\nM. bronze"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]

{"support": "A: The copper has become tarnished. The tarnish—also called patina—is a compound called copper carbonate, which is green. Copper carbonate forms when copper undergoes a chemical reaction with carbon dioxide in moist air. The green patina that forms on copper actually preserves the underlying metal. That's why it's not removed from the statue. Some people also think that the patina looks attractive."}


Prompt:
The nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides are classified as pyrimidines or what?

Choices:
P. purines
F. Science
Q. terpenes
M. Fallen

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "The nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides are classified as pyrimidines or what?\n\nChoices:\nP. purines\nF. Science\nQ. terpenes\nM. Fallen"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"support": "The nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides are classified as pyrimidines or purines. Pyrimidines are heterocyclic amines with two nitrogen atoms in a six-member ring and include uracil, thymine, and cytosine. (For more information about heterocyclic amines, see Chapter 15 \"Organic Acids and Bases and Some of Their Derivatives\", Section 15.13 \"Amines as Bases\". ) Purines are heterocyclic amines consisting of a pyrimidine ring fused to a five-member ring with two nitrogen atoms. Adenine and guanin"}


Prompt:
What is the geographical location of Torsås Municipality in Sweden?

Choices:
J. Torsås Municipality is the southernmost municipality in Kalmar County.
C. Torsås Municipality is located in the central part of Kalmar County.
P. Torsås Municipality is located in the northernmost part of Kalmar County.
T. Torsås Municipality is the easternmost municipality in Kalmar County.
A. Torsås Municipality is the westernmost municipality in Kalmar County.

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the geographical location of Torsås Municipality in Sweden?\n\nChoices:\nJ. Torsås Municipality is the southernmost municipality in Kalmar County.\nC. Torsås Municipality is located in the central part of Kalmar County.\nP. Torsås Municipality is located in the northernmost part of Kalmar County.\nT. Torsås Municipality is the easternmost municipality in Kalmar County.\nA. Torsås Municipality is the westernmost municipality in Kalmar County."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]


Prompt:
Saturn is made mostly of what two elements?

Choices:
E. carbon and oxygen
I. hydrogen and helium
D. nitrogen and boron
M. helium and lithium

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "Saturn is made mostly of what two elements?\n\nChoices:\nE. carbon and oxygen\nI. hydrogen and helium\nD. nitrogen and boron\nM. helium and lithium"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"support": "Saturn's composition is similar to Jupiter's. The planet is made mostly of hydrogen and helium. These elements are gases in the outer layers and liquids in the deeper layers. Saturn may also have a small solid core. Saturn's upper atmosphere has clouds in bands of different colors. These clouds rotate rapidly around the planet. But Saturn has fewer storms than Jupiter. Thunder and lightning have been seen in the storms on Saturn."}


Prompt:
What do we call the force of attraction or repulsion between electrically charged particles?

Choices:
O. gravitational pull
Q. mechanical force
J. chemical force
D. electromagnetic force

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "What do we call the force of attraction or repulsion between electrically charged particles?\n\nChoices:\nO. gravitational pull\nQ. mechanical force\nJ. chemical force\nD. electromagnetic force"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]

{"support": "Electromagnetic force is a force of attraction or repulsion between all electrically charged particles. This force is transferred between charged particles of matter by fundamental force-carrying particles called photons. Because of electromagnetic force, particles with opposite charges attract each other and particles with the same charge repel each other."}


Prompt:
Which protist group exhibits mitochondrial remnants with reduced functionality?

Choices:
M. diatoms
R. slime molds
J. dinoflagellates
A. parabasalids

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which protist group exhibits mitochondrial remnants with reduced functionality?\n\nChoices:\nM. diatoms\nR. slime molds\nJ. dinoflagellates\nA. parabasalids"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 2061, "id": 2061, "original_answer": "C", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
Planes fly in what layer of the atmosphere because there is less friction and turbulence?

Choices:
O. stratosphere
C. crust
N. mesosphere
H. ozone layer

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "Planes fly in what layer of the atmosphere because there is less friction and turbulence?\n\nChoices:\nO. stratosphere\nC. crust\nN. mesosphere\nH. ozone layer"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]

{"support": "Sure we can! If you've ever flown on a jet airplane, you've been in the stratosphere. Airplanes fly in the stratosphere, because there is less friction. They get better gas mileage and so costs are lower. There is also less turbulence, so passengers are happier. Can you identify the bottom of the stratosphere in the photo? It's where the clouds begin. Remember that all weather is in the troposphere."}


Prompt:
What is made in the liver and excreted in urine?

Choices:
H. blood
S. plasma
J. feces
T. urea

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is made in the liver and excreted in urine?\n\nChoices:\nH. blood\nS. plasma\nJ. feces\nT. urea"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]

{"support": "Nitrogenous Waste in Terrestrial Animals: The Urea Cycle The urea cycle is the primary mechanism by which mammals convert ammonia to urea. Urea is made in the liver and excreted in urine. The overall chemical reaction by which ammonia is converted to urea is 2 NH3 (ammonia) + CO2 + 3 ATP + H2O → H2N-CO-NH2 (urea) + 2 ADP + 4 Pi + AMP. The urea cycle utilizes five intermediate steps, catalyzed by five different enzymes, to convert ammonia to urea, as shown in Figure 41.12. The amino acid L-ornith"}


Prompt:
What forms when an atom gains electrons?

Choices:
P. bonds
C. cations
L. crystals
J. anions

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "What forms when an atom gains electrons?\n\nChoices:\nP. bonds\nC. cations\nL. crystals\nJ. anions"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]

{"support": "Anions form when an atom gains electrons. Nonmetallic atoms typically gain enough electrons to obtain the same electron configuration as the nearest noble gas. All the elements in Group 17 have seven valence electrons, which are arranged into an outer configuration of n s 2 n p 5 . To achieve a noble gas configuration ( n s 2 n p 6 ), each of these elements needs to gain just one electron, resulting in an anion with a 1− charge. Similarly, Group 16 elements can obtain an n s 2 n p 6 valence conf"}


Prompt:
What is the name for the process of insects transforming from a young insect to an adult?

Choices:
O. metamorphosis
H. maturation
N. spontaneous mutation
M. parthenogenesis

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the name for the process of insects transforming from a young insect to an adult?\n\nChoices:\nO. metamorphosis\nH. maturation\nN. spontaneous mutation\nM. parthenogenesis"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]

{"support": "An insect can have one of three types of metamorphosis and life cycles ( Table below ). Metamorphosis describes how insects transform from an immature or young insect into an adult insect in at least two stages. Insects may undergo gradual metamorphosis (incomplete), where transformation is subtle, or complete metamorphosis, where each stage of the life cycle appears quite different from the others. In some insects, there may be no true metamorphosis at all."}


Prompt:
Knowing the formula for speed

Choices:
I. would aid in using a map
B. would aid in calculating weight of the car
K. would aid in calculating road time needed to reach a destination
S. would aid in figuring out traffic congestion patterns

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "Knowing the formula for speed\n\nChoices:\nI. would aid in using a map\nB. would aid in calculating weight of the car\nK. would aid in calculating road time needed to reach a destination\nS. would aid in figuring out traffic congestion patterns"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]


Prompt:
What science is the study of matter and how it behaves?

Choices:
M. chemistry
Q. geology
R. biology
L. geneology

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "What science is the study of matter and how it behaves?\n\nChoices:\nM. chemistry\nQ. geology\nR. biology\nL. geneology"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]

{"support": "Chemistry is the study of matter and how it behaves."}


Prompt:
A frog reproduces with some other frogs, then watches over the potential offspring which are

Choices:
G. floating in outer space
H. born life and moving
I. melted in the rain
K. resting in sacs on leaves

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "A frog reproduces with some other frogs, then watches over the potential offspring which are\n\nChoices:\nG. floating in outer space\nH. born life and moving\nI. melted in the rain\nK. resting in sacs on leaves"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]


Prompt:
The yellowstone hot spot is a famous example of a what?

Choices:
A. continental hot spot
N. deeper hot spot
D. oceanic hot spot
I. form hot spot

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "The yellowstone hot spot is a famous example of a what?\n\nChoices:\nA. continental hot spot\nN. deeper hot spot\nD. oceanic hot spot\nI. form hot spot"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]

{"support": "Hot spots are found within continents, but not as commonly as within oceans. The Yellowstone hot spot is a famous example of a continental hot spot."}


Prompt:
What is the significance of the 2015 La Tropicale Amissa Bongo road cycling stage race?

Choices:
T. It introduced a new road cycling regulatory body in Gabon.
E. It was the first time the race was held outside of Africa.
S. It was part of the Olympic Games qualifiers for 2015.
L. It was the only cycling event in Gabon that year.
Q. It marked the tenth edition of this prestigious cycling event.

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the significance of the 2015 La Tropicale Amissa Bongo road cycling stage race?\n\nChoices:\nT. It introduced a new road cycling regulatory body in Gabon.\nE. It was the first time the race was held outside of Africa.\nS. It was part of the Olympic Games qualifiers for 2015.\nL. It was the only cycling event in Gabon that year.\nQ. It marked the tenth edition of this prestigious cycling event."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]


Prompt:
A boy that has two legs and two arms has parents that have

Choices:
D. nearly an arm and a leg
G. one right leg each
N. their left arms only
O. the same number limbs

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "A boy that has two legs and two arms has parents that have\n\nChoices:\nD. nearly an arm and a leg\nG. one right leg each\nN. their left arms only\nO. the same number limbs"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]


Prompt:
Certain parrot species cannot be brought to the United States to be sold as pets. What is the name of the legislation that makes this illegal?

Choices:
C. Migratory Bird Act
I. Endangered Species Act (ESA)
R. Red List
H. CITES

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "Certain parrot species cannot be brought to the United States to be sold as pets. What is the name of the legislation that makes this illegal?\n\nChoices:\nC. Migratory Bird Act\nI. Endangered Species Act (ESA)\nR. Red List\nH. CITES"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 752, "id": 752, "original_answer": "C", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
Who directed the 1986 film Nervous Night starring The Hooters?

Choices:
B. Francis Ford Coppola
N. James Cameron
F. Martin Scorsese
M. Steven Spielberg
T. John Charles Jopson

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "Who directed the 1986 film Nervous Night starring The Hooters?\n\nChoices:\nB. Francis Ford Coppola\nN. James Cameron\nF. Martin Scorsese\nM. Steven Spielberg\nT. John Charles Jopson"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]


Prompt:
A man is teaching his daughter to ride a bike. He emphasizes the need for her feet to remain on the pedals, so that

Choices:
A. the bike propels forward
N. the bike is pink
T. the bike hold still
E. the bike is fun

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "A man is teaching his daughter to ride a bike. He emphasizes the need for her feet to remain on the pedals, so that\n\nChoices:\nA. the bike propels forward\nN. the bike is pink\nT. the bike hold still\nE. the bike is fun"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]


Prompt:
The legend explains features and symbols on?

Choices:
F. compass
Q. telescopes
T. map
N. earth

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "The legend explains features and symbols on?\n\nChoices:\nF. compass\nQ. telescopes\nT. map\nN. earth"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]

{"support": "Look for the legend on the top left side of the map. The legend explains other features and symbols on the map."}


Prompt:
What becomes smoother through weathering?

Choices:
P. rainbow
T. cat
Q. water
J. pumice

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "What becomes smoother through weathering?\n\nChoices:\nP. rainbow\nT. cat\nQ. water\nJ. pumice"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]


Prompt:
Lens faces can generally either be concave, or what, which is the opposite of concave?

Choices:
A. convex
K. hollow
P. elliptical
L. spherical

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "Lens faces can generally either be concave, or what, which is the opposite of concave?\n\nChoices:\nA. convex\nK. hollow\nP. elliptical\nL. spherical"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]

{"support": "One or both of the lens faces is part of a sphere and can be concave or convex."}


Prompt:
What is the circular center of a hurricane better known as?

Choices:
A. the nose
M. the epicenter
S. the focus
F. the eye

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the circular center of a hurricane better known as?\n\nChoices:\nA. the nose\nM. the epicenter\nS. the focus\nF. the eye"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]

{"support": "At the center of a hurricane is a small area where the air is calm and clear. This is called the eye of the hurricane ( Figure below ). The eye forms at the low-pressure center of the hurricane. Air in the eye rises upward."}


Prompt:
What is the nest of cell an egg rests in called?

Choices:
J. follicle
B. mitochondria
N. pod
D. epidermis

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the nest of cell an egg rests in called?\n\nChoices:\nJ. follicle\nB. mitochondria\nN. pod\nD. epidermis"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]

{"support": "After puberty, an egg develops in an ovary about once a month. As you can see in Figure below , the egg rests in a nest of cells called a follicle. The follicle and egg grow larger and go through other changes."}