Prompt:
Which cells at the base of the hair root form the outer root sheath?

Choices:
P. scala vestibuli
J. scala media
A. tunnel fibers
D. basal

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which cells at the base of the hair root form the outer root sheath?\n\nChoices:\nP. scala vestibuli\nJ. scala media\nA. tunnel fibers\nD. basal"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]

{"support": "Figure 5.12 Hair Follicle The slide shows a cross-section of a hair follicle. Basal cells of the hair matrix in the center differentiate into cells of the inner root sheath. Basal cells at the base of the hair root form the outer root sheath. LM × 4. (credit: modification of work by \"kilbad\"/Wikimedia Commons)."}


Prompt:
When an eagle, a land eater, goes and gets fish from the sea, as well, its called?

Choices:
S. overlapping food source
E. overlapping food web
H. food chain mixing
A. descending food web

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "When an eagle, a land eater, goes and gets fish from the sea, as well, its called?\n\nChoices:\nS. overlapping food source\nE. overlapping food web\nH. food chain mixing\nA. descending food web"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]

{"support": "Food webs also overlap. For example, an eagle is part of a land food web. But it might go to the sea to grab a fish. That fish is part of a marine food web."}


Prompt:
A plant stem contains a system of tubes for transporting water and nutrients to

Choices:
L. its neighbors
Q. the sun
E. itself
C. the hive mind

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "A plant stem contains a system of tubes for transporting water and nutrients to\n\nChoices:\nL. its neighbors\nQ. the sun\nE. itself\nC. the hive mind"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]


Prompt:
Which likely would live in the hottest environment?

Choices:
Q. scorpion
T. bear
B. penguin
A. moose

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which likely would live in the hottest environment?\n\nChoices:\nQ. scorpion\nT. bear\nB. penguin\nA. moose"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]


Prompt:
What is the most common form of ocean life?

Choices:
F. phytoplankton
E. zooplankton
T. plankton
P. protazoa

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the most common form of ocean life?\n\nChoices:\nF. phytoplankton\nE. zooplankton\nT. plankton\nP. protazoa"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]

{"support": "When you think of life in the ocean, do you think of fish? Actually, fish are not the most common life forms in the ocean. Plankton are the most common. Plankton make up one of three major groups of marine life. The other two groups are nekton and benthos ( Figure below )."}


Prompt:
The voltage is measured using a voltmeter, which measures which difference across two points?

Choices:
F. potential difference
T. Distance
O. average difference
M. actual difference

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "The voltage is measured using a voltmeter, which measures which difference across two points?\n\nChoices:\nF. potential difference\nT. Distance\nO. average difference\nM. actual difference"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]

{"support": "A uniform electric field makes it easier to measure the difference in electric potential energy. This energy, also called the electric potential difference is commonly referred to as the voltage , based on the unit, volt (V). To measure the voltage across some distance, it is necessary to pick a position to be the relative zero, because voltage is the change in potential difference. Any point in a system can be given the value of zero volts, but it is typically the point of a point charge or one"}


Prompt:
Genes are used to make mrna by the process of transcription; mrna is used to synthesize proteins by the process of what?

Choices:
G. translation
O. moderation
A. production
B. modification

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "Genes are used to make mrna by the process of transcription; mrna is used to synthesize proteins by the process of what?\n\nChoices:\nG. translation\nO. moderation\nA. production\nB. modification"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"support": "9.4 Translation The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information in the cell from genes to mRNA to proteins. Genes are used to make mRNA by the process of transcription; mRNA is used to synthesize proteins by the process of translation. The genetic code is the correspondence between the three-nucleotide mRNA codon and an amino acid. The genetic code is \"translated\" by the tRNA molecules, which associate a specific codon with a specific amino acid. The genetic code is degenerate becaus"}


Prompt:
Toward the end of pregnancy, the synthesis of oxytocin receptors in what reproductive organ increases?

Choices:
P. liver
J. uterus
A. lungs
G. stomach

Answer: J

[{"role": "user", "content": "Toward the end of pregnancy, the synthesis of oxytocin receptors in what reproductive organ increases?\n\nChoices:\nP. liver\nJ. uterus\nA. lungs\nG. stomach"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{J}"}]

{"support": "Oxytocin When fetal development is complete, the peptide-derived hormone oxytocin (tocia- = \"childbirth\") stimulates uterine contractions and dilation of the cervix. Throughout most of pregnancy, oxytocin hormone receptors are not expressed at high levels in the uterus. Toward the end of pregnancy, the synthesis of oxytocin receptors in the uterus increases, and the smooth."}


Prompt:
Animals use saturated fatty acids to store what?

Choices:
R. energy
T. water
C. hydrogen
S. blood

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "Animals use saturated fatty acids to store what?\n\nChoices:\nR. energy\nT. water\nC. hydrogen\nS. blood"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]

{"support": "Animals use saturated fatty acids to store energy. Plants use unsaturated fatty acids to store energy."}


Prompt:
Biochemical reactions of metabolism include what two general categories?

Choices:
O. innumerable and anabolic
P. discrete and telltale
K. telltale and anabolic
H. catabolic and anabolic

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "Biochemical reactions of metabolism include what two general categories?\n\nChoices:\nO. innumerable and anabolic\nP. discrete and telltale\nK. telltale and anabolic\nH. catabolic and anabolic"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]

{"support": "Biochemical reactions of metabolism can be divided into two general categories: catabolic reactions and anabolic reactions. You can watch an animation showing how the two categories of reactions are related at this URL: http://classes. midlandstech. edu/carterp/courses/bio225/chap05/lecture1. htm."}


Prompt:
What type of substance is any matter that has a fixed chemical composition and characteristic properties?

Choices:
L. pure chemical substance
C. seawater chemical substance
B. physical substance
N. versatile chemical substance

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "What type of substance is any matter that has a fixed chemical composition and characteristic properties?\n\nChoices:\nL. pure chemical substance\nC. seawater chemical substance\nB. physical substance\nN. versatile chemical substance"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]

{"support": "Pure Substances and Mixtures A pure chemical substance is any matter that has a fixed chemical composition and characteristic properties. Oxygen, for example, is a pure chemical substance that is a colorless, odorless gas at 25°C. Very few samples of matter consist of pure substances; instead, most are mixtures, which are combinations of two or more pure substances in variable proportions in which the individual substances retain their identity. Air, tap water, milk, blue cheese, bread, and dirt"}


Prompt:
Helices, spheres, and rods are examples of what distinguishing property of prokaryotic cells?

Choices:
P. shape
H. size
J. texture
C. color

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "Helices, spheres, and rods are examples of what distinguishing property of prokaryotic cells?\n\nChoices:\nP. shape\nH. size\nJ. texture\nC. color"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"support": "Most prokaryotic cells are much smaller than eukaryotic cells. Although they are tiny, prokaryotic cells can be distinguished by their shapes. The most common shapes are helices, spheres, and rods (see Figure below )."}


Prompt:
There are three basic types of hormones: lipid-derived, amino acid-derived, and what?

Choices:
H. secreted
P. manipulated
G. peptide
E. acidic

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "There are three basic types of hormones: lipid-derived, amino acid-derived, and what?\n\nChoices:\nH. secreted\nP. manipulated\nG. peptide\nE. acidic"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"support": "CHAPTER SUMMARY 37.1 Types of Hormones There are three basic types of hormones: lipid-derived, amino acid-derived, and peptide. Lipid-derived hormones are structurally similar to cholesterol and include steroid hormones such as estradiol and testosterone. Amino acid-derived hormones are relatively small molecules and include the adrenal hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine. Peptide hormones are polypeptide chains or proteins and include the pituitary hormones, antidiuretic hormone (vasopressi"}


Prompt:
Which function of the skeletal system would be especially important if you were in a car accident?

Choices:
I. protection of internal organs
M. fat storage
O. facilitation of movement
A. storage of minerals

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which function of the skeletal system would be especially important if you were in a car accident?\n\nChoices:\nI. protection of internal organs\nM. fat storage\nO. facilitation of movement\nA. storage of minerals"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 1940, "id": 1940, "original_answer": "B", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
Found in many electric devices, what is a coil of wire wrapped around a bar of iron or other ferromagnetic material?

Choices:
A. electromagnet
Q. actuator
R. superconductor
P. battery

Answer: A

[{"role": "user", "content": "Found in many electric devices, what is a coil of wire wrapped around a bar of iron or other ferromagnetic material?\n\nChoices:\nA. electromagnet\nQ. actuator\nR. superconductor\nP. battery"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{A}"}]

{"support": "The animal mole is very different than the counting unit of the mole. Chemists nonetheless have adopted the mole as their unofficial mascot. National Mole Day is a celebration of chemistry that occurs on October 23rd (10/23) of each year."}


Prompt:
When electrons from two atoms are each attracted to the nucleus of the other atom, what type of bond is formed?

Choices:
M. covalent bond
L. ionic bond
O. electrochemical bond
K. hydrogen bond

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "When electrons from two atoms are each attracted to the nucleus of the other atom, what type of bond is formed?\n\nChoices:\nM. covalent bond\nL. ionic bond\nO. electrochemical bond\nK. hydrogen bond"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]

{"support": "Covalent bonds form when the electron clouds of two atoms overlap with each other. In a simple H 2 molecule, the single electron in each atom becomes attracted to the nucleus of the other atom in the molecule as the atoms come closer together. Other covalent bonds form in the same way as unpaired electrons from two atoms \"match up\" to form the bond. In a fluorine atom, there is an unpaired electron in one of the 2p orbitals. When a F 2 molecule forms, the 2p orbitals from each of the two atoms o"}


Prompt:
About how many days does it take the moon to make one orbit around the earth?

Choices:
I. 22
S. 28
C. 30
A. 21

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "About how many days does it take the moon to make one orbit around the earth?\n\nChoices:\nI. 22\nS. 28\nC. 30\nA. 21"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"support": "The Moon does not produce any light of its own. It only reflects light from the Sun. The Moon has phases because it orbits around Earth. One orbit takes about 28 days. As the moon moves around Earth, different parts of it appear to be lit up by the Sun. The Moon sometimes appears fully lit and sometimes completely dark. Sometimes it is partially lit. The different appearances of the Moon are referred to as phases of the Moon ( Figure below )."}


Prompt:
One step in creating an alternative fuel is

Choices:
N. coal miners looking for coal
K. growing crops of corn
E. gold being sifted from dirt
I. drilling for fossil fuels

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "One step in creating an alternative fuel is\n\nChoices:\nN. coal miners looking for coal\nK. growing crops of corn\nE. gold being sifted from dirt\nI. drilling for fossil fuels"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]


Prompt:
Which substance dissociates into K+ and Cl– in solution?

Choices:
J. base
K. acid
I. buffer
L. salt

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which substance dissociates into K+ and Cl– in solution?\n\nChoices:\nJ. base\nK. acid\nI. buffer\nL. salt"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]

{"file": "eduqg_llm_formatted.csv", "row": 612, "id": 612, "original_answer": "C", "deduped_choices": true}


Prompt:
What kind of energy can both cause cancer and help in detecting and treating it?

Choices:
F. wind
D. radiation
I. heat
N. electricity

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "What kind of energy can both cause cancer and help in detecting and treating it?\n\nChoices:\nF. wind\nD. radiation\nI. heat\nN. electricity"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]

{"support": "Harmless background radiation comes from radioactive elements in rocks and from cosmic rays. Other sources of radiation, such as radon, are harmful. They may cause illness in living things and damage materials such as metals. Radiation has several uses, including detecting and treating cancer."}


Prompt:
A river can disappear over a period of time?

Choices:
I. maybe
M. this is sure
P. this is uncertain
K. all of these

Answer: M

[{"role": "user", "content": "A river can disappear over a period of time?\n\nChoices:\nI. maybe\nM. this is sure\nP. this is uncertain\nK. all of these"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{M}"}]


Prompt:
What term refers to larger evolutionary changes that result in new species?

Choices:
Q. macroevolution
A. Potential evolution
C. substantial evolution
H. Microevolution

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "What term refers to larger evolutionary changes that result in new species?\n\nChoices:\nQ. macroevolution\nA. Potential evolution\nC. substantial evolution\nH. Microevolution"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"support": "Macroevolution refers to larger evolutionary changes that result in new species."}


Prompt:
The study of how organisms develop is known as?

Choices:
O. botany
I. physics
S. embryology
F. ethology

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "The study of how organisms develop is known as?\n\nChoices:\nO. botany\nI. physics\nS. embryology\nF. ethology"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"support": "Some of the oldest evidence of evolution comes from embryology , the study of how organisms develop. An embryo is an animal or plant in its earliest stages of development. This means looking at a plant or animal before it is born or hatched. Centuries ago, people recognized that the embryos of many different species have similar appearances. The embryos of some species are even difficult to tell apart. Many of these animals do not differ much in appearance until they develop further."}


Prompt:
wind is used for producing

Choices:
T. plants
D. excited particle flowing
F. smores
G. cupcakes

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "wind is used for producing\n\nChoices:\nT. plants\nD. excited particle flowing\nF. smores\nG. cupcakes"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]


Prompt:
Where in the world will a person have the smallest shadow at noon?

Choices:
B. the south pole
D. near the equator
T. the north pole
J. the arctic circle

Answer: D

[{"role": "user", "content": "Where in the world will a person have the smallest shadow at noon?\n\nChoices:\nB. the south pole\nD. near the equator\nT. the north pole\nJ. the arctic circle"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{D}"}]


Prompt:
What helps by releasing chemicals that control other lymphocytes?

Choices:
L. discharger t cells
D. controller t cells
S. interloper t cells
R. helper t cells

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "What helps by releasing chemicals that control other lymphocytes?\n\nChoices:\nL. discharger t cells\nD. controller t cells\nS. interloper t cells\nR. helper t cells"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]

{"support": "Helper T cells do not destroy infected, damaged, or cancerous body cells. However, they are still needed for an immune response. They help by releasing chemicals that control other lymphocytes. The chemicals released by helper T cells \"switch on\" B cells and killer T cells so they can recognize and fight specific pathogens."}


Prompt:
The frequency of sound waves is measured in what, or the number of waves that pass a fixed point in a second?

Choices:
I. avis
T. Ohms
Q. hertz
H. watts

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "The frequency of sound waves is measured in what, or the number of waves that pass a fixed point in a second?\n\nChoices:\nI. avis\nT. Ohms\nQ. hertz\nH. watts"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]

{"support": "The frequency of sound waves is measured in hertz (Hz), or the number of waves that pass a fixed point in a second. Human beings can normally hear sounds with a frequency between about 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz. Sounds with frequencies below 20 hertz are called infrasound . Sounds with frequencies above 20,000 hertz are called ultrasound . Some other animals can hear sounds in the ultrasound range. For example, dogs can hear sounds with frequencies as high as 50,000 Hz. You may have seen special whist"}


Prompt:
The gravitational pull of the sun causes what phenomenon?

Choices:
S. creation of rings
G. planetary revolution
B. creation of moons
M. planetary cooling

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "The gravitational pull of the sun causes what phenomenon?\n\nChoices:\nS. creation of rings\nG. planetary revolution\nB. creation of moons\nM. planetary cooling"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]


Prompt:
If a person walks in the opposite direction of a compass arrow they are walking

Choices:
S. north
F. south
N. east
P. west

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "If a person walks in the opposite direction of a compass arrow they are walking\n\nChoices:\nS. north\nF. south\nN. east\nP. west"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]


Prompt:
Glucose that remains in the filtrate of what organ is excreted?

Choices:
R. liver
C. intestine
D. spleen
G. kidney

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "Glucose that remains in the filtrate of what organ is excreted?\n\nChoices:\nR. liver\nC. intestine\nD. spleen\nG. kidney"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]


Prompt:
What else besides temperature has an effect on the phase of a substance?

Choices:
E. pressure
D. weight
T. resistance
P. energy

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "What else besides temperature has an effect on the phase of a substance?\n\nChoices:\nE. pressure\nD. weight\nT. resistance\nP. energy"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]

{"support": "Butter is a fat that is a solid at room temperature. What type of fatty acid does butter contain? How do you know?."}


Prompt:
What law states whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the first body experiences a force that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force that the first body exerts?

Choices:
B. law of gravity
I. law of inertia
E. symmetry in forces
K. equilibrium in forces

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "What law states whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the first body experiences a force that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force that the first body exerts?\n\nChoices:\nB. law of gravity\nI. law of inertia\nE. symmetry in forces\nK. equilibrium in forces"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]

{"support": "4.4 Newton's Third Law of Motion: Symmetry in Forces • Newton's third law of motion represents a basic symmetry in nature. It states: Whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the first body experiences a force that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force that the first body exerts. • A thrust is a reaction force that pushes a body forward in response to a backward force. Rockets, airplanes, and cars are pushed forward by a thrust reaction force."}


Prompt:
What was the original name of the District of Columbia Library Association (DCLA) when it was founded in 1894?

Choices:
L. Library Association of Washington City
M. Washington City Library Association
A. Association of Washington City Librarians
H. Librarians Association of Washington City
N. Library Workers Association of Washington City

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "What was the original name of the District of Columbia Library Association (DCLA) when it was founded in 1894?\n\nChoices:\nL. Library Association of Washington City\nM. Washington City Library Association\nA. Association of Washington City Librarians\nH. Librarians Association of Washington City\nN. Library Workers Association of Washington City"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]


Prompt:
In December around 3pm I will avoid using

Choices:
E. sungoggles
T. planets
G. magic
H. time travel

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "In December around 3pm I will avoid using\n\nChoices:\nE. sungoggles\nT. planets\nG. magic\nH. time travel"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]


Prompt:
If a species population increases in the birth rate has

Choices:
J. fallen
K. boomed
B. stalled
L. ceased

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "If a species population increases in the birth rate has\n\nChoices:\nJ. fallen\nK. boomed\nB. stalled\nL. ceased"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]


Prompt:
In vertebrates, a system of what structures attached to the endoskeleton enables movement?

Choices:
O. tissues
M. tendons
P. muscles
L. nerves

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "In vertebrates, a system of what structures attached to the endoskeleton enables movement?\n\nChoices:\nO. tissues\nM. tendons\nP. muscles\nL. nerves"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"support": "Vertebrates have a system of muscles attached to the endoskeleton to enable movement. Muscles control movement by alternately contracting (shortening) and relaxing (lengthening). Generally, muscles work together in opposing pairs."}


Prompt:
A plant root growing into rock cracks is an example of what?

Choices:
T. warm weather
N. evaporation
J. boiling
H. abrasion

Answer: H

[{"role": "user", "content": "A plant root growing into rock cracks is an example of what?\n\nChoices:\nT. warm weather\nN. evaporation\nJ. boiling\nH. abrasion"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{H}"}]


Prompt:
If a body has nutriment running through all of it, then the thing responsible for moving it around is

Choices:
J. eyes
E. arteries
Q. knees
F. lungs

Answer: E

[{"role": "user", "content": "If a body has nutriment running through all of it, then the thing responsible for moving it around is\n\nChoices:\nJ. eyes\nE. arteries\nQ. knees\nF. lungs"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{E}"}]


Prompt:
What occurs when the immune system reacts to substances in food as though they were harmful "foreign invaders"?

Choices:
L. vomiting
B. food antibodies
O. food allergies
F. food poisoning

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "What occurs when the immune system reacts to substances in food as though they were harmful \"foreign invaders\"?\n\nChoices:\nL. vomiting\nB. food antibodies\nO. food allergies\nF. food poisoning"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]

{"support": "Food allergies occur when the immune system reacts to substances in food as though they were harmful \"foreign invaders. \" Foods that are most likely to cause allergies are pictured in Figure below . Symptoms of food allergies often include vomiting and diarrhea."}


Prompt:
What kind of system do echinoderms possess?

Choices:
N. water-based circulatory
K. photosynthetic
L. autonomic nerous system
B. primitive respiratory

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "What kind of system do echinoderms possess?\n\nChoices:\nN. water-based circulatory\nK. photosynthetic\nL. autonomic nerous system\nB. primitive respiratory"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "15.5 Echinoderms and Chordates Echinoderms are deuterostome marine organisms. This phylum of animals bear a calcareous endoskeleton composed of ossicles covered by a spiny skin. Echinoderms possess a water-based circulatory system. The madreporite is the point of entry and exit for water for the water vascular system. The characteristic features of Chordata are a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail. Chordata contains two clades of invertebrates: Urochord"}


Prompt:
What is one of the books written by Samuel Milby Harrington, an officer of the United States Marine Corps?

Choices:
O. The Art of Modern Warfare
J. The Guide to Guerrilla Warfare
B. The Strategy and Tactics of Small Wars from 1921
G. The Handbook on Military Tactics
R. The Principles of Military Strategy

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is one of the books written by Samuel Milby Harrington, an officer of the United States Marine Corps?\n\nChoices:\nO. The Art of Modern Warfare\nJ. The Guide to Guerrilla Warfare\nB. The Strategy and Tactics of Small Wars from 1921\nG. The Handbook on Military Tactics\nR. The Principles of Military Strategy"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]


Prompt:
A simple sugar such as fructose or glucose is also called a what?

Choices:
L. galactose
T. monosaccharide
E. disaccharide
M. carbohydrate

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "A simple sugar such as fructose or glucose is also called a what?\n\nChoices:\nL. galactose\nT. monosaccharide\nE. disaccharide\nM. carbohydrate"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]

{"support": "A monosaccharide is a simple sugar such as fructose or glucose. Fructose is found in fruits, whereas glucose generally results from the digestion of other carbohydrates. Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) is used for energy by the cells of most organisms, and is a product of photosynthesis."}


Prompt:
Which glands produce milk after the birth of offspring?

Choices:
T. adrenal glands
R. Thyroid gland
C. mammary
S. Pituitary gland

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which glands produce milk after the birth of offspring?\n\nChoices:\nT. adrenal glands\nR. Thyroid gland\nC. mammary\nS. Pituitary gland"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]

{"support": "All female mammals have mammary glands. Mammary glands are glands that produce milk after the birth of offspring. Producing milk for offspring is called lactation. The colt in Figure below is getting milk from its mother."}


Prompt:
Major exchange pools of carbon include organisms and what else?

Choices:
Q. duration
F. location
I. the atmosphere
N. the intensity

Answer: I

[{"role": "user", "content": "Major exchange pools of carbon include organisms and what else?\n\nChoices:\nQ. duration\nF. location\nI. the atmosphere\nN. the intensity"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{I}"}]

{"support": "Major exchange pools of carbon include organisms and the atmosphere. Carbon cycles more quickly between these components of the carbon cycle."}


Prompt:
What weather phenomenon, which may bring clouds and precipitation, is created by stalled air masses?

Choices:
T. susceptible front
H. cool front
N. Horizontal Front
G. stationary front

Answer: G

[{"role": "user", "content": "What weather phenomenon, which may bring clouds and precipitation, is created by stalled air masses?\n\nChoices:\nT. susceptible front\nH. cool front\nN. Horizontal Front\nG. stationary front"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{G}"}]

{"support": "Sometimes two air masses stop moving when they meet. These stalled air masses create a stationary front . Such a front may bring clouds and precipitation to the same area for many days."}


Prompt:
What do you call the relationship in which members of one species consume members of another species?

Choices:
I. competition
B. exploitation
C. parasitism
R. predation

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "What do you call the relationship in which members of one species consume members of another species?\n\nChoices:\nI. competition\nB. exploitation\nC. parasitism\nR. predation"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]

{"support": "Predation is a relationship in which members of one species consume members of another species. The consuming species is called the predator. The species that is consumed is called the prey. In Figure below , the wolves are predators, and the moose is their prey."}


Prompt:
Lacking a bony endoskeleton, sharks, rays, and ratfish belong to what group of fish?

Choices:
B. invertebrates
M. freshwater fish
N. cartilaginous
F. crustaceans

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "Lacking a bony endoskeleton, sharks, rays, and ratfish belong to what group of fish?\n\nChoices:\nB. invertebrates\nM. freshwater fish\nN. cartilaginous\nF. crustaceans"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]

{"support": "Cartilaginous Fish Cartilaginous fish include sharks, rays, and ratfish. Their endoskeleton is made of cartilage instead of bone. They also lack a swim bladder. However, they have a complete vertebral column and jaws. They also have a relatively big brain. shark."}


Prompt:
What does a tuna have that causes it to swim faster than a seahorse?

Choices:
K. Lower body temperature
J. Thicker caudal fin
L. Bigger scales
N. Bigger fins

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "What does a tuna have that causes it to swim faster than a seahorse?\n\nChoices:\nK. Lower body temperature\nJ. Thicker caudal fin\nL. Bigger scales\nN. Bigger fins"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]


Prompt:
Isotopes have the same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of what?

Choices:
C. impurities
B. neutrons
M. reactions
P. atoms

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "Isotopes have the same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of what?\n\nChoices:\nC. impurities\nB. neutrons\nM. reactions\nP. atoms"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]

{"support": "Isotopes have the same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons."}


Prompt:
Intraspecific competition occurs between members of the same what?

Choices:
G. genus
C. phylum
P. species
I. specimens

Answer: P

[{"role": "user", "content": "Intraspecific competition occurs between members of the same what?\n\nChoices:\nG. genus\nC. phylum\nP. species\nI. specimens"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{P}"}]

{"support": "Competition is a relationship between organisms that strive for the same resources in the same place. Intraspecific competition occurs between members of the same species. It improves the species' adaptations. Interspecific competition occurs between members of different species. It may lead to one species going extinct or both becoming more specialized."}


Prompt:
One way humans may be polluting the Earth is

Choices:
Q. using solar energy
N. antibacterial soap
J. walking
D. riding bikes

Answer: N

[{"role": "user", "content": "One way humans may be polluting the Earth is\n\nChoices:\nQ. using solar energy\nN. antibacterial soap\nJ. walking\nD. riding bikes"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{N}"}]


Prompt:
What is the key structural motif of starch?

Choices:
S. Glucose is the key structural motif of starch.
F. Isomaltose is the key structural motif of starch.
M. Sucrose is the key structural motif of starch.
P. Maltose is the key structural motif of starch.
B. Amylose is the key structural motif of starch.

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the key structural motif of starch?\n\nChoices:\nS. Glucose is the key structural motif of starch.\nF. Isomaltose is the key structural motif of starch.\nM. Sucrose is the key structural motif of starch.\nP. Maltose is the key structural motif of starch.\nB. Amylose is the key structural motif of starch."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]


Prompt:
What type of feeders are the largest sharks and rays?

Choices:
S. resulting feeders
K. month feeders
L. suspension feeders
P. resting feeders

Answer: L

[{"role": "user", "content": "What type of feeders are the largest sharks and rays?\n\nChoices:\nS. resulting feeders\nK. month feeders\nL. suspension feeders\nP. resting feeders"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{L}"}]


Prompt:
How are heat changes in chemical reactions measured?

Choices:
Q. amperes
M. velocities
L. watts
K. joules

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "How are heat changes in chemical reactions measured?\n\nChoices:\nQ. amperes\nM. velocities\nL. watts\nK. joules"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]

{"support": "Heat changes in chemical reactions are typically measured in joules rather than calories. The conversion between a joule and a calorie is shown below."}


Prompt:
Which is recyclable

Choices:
C. soda can
R. Styrofoam food container
S. fiberglass
J. motor oil

Answer: C

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which is recyclable\n\nChoices:\nC. soda can\nR. Styrofoam food container\nS. fiberglass\nJ. motor oil"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{C}"}]


Prompt:
If a rub two rocks together after awhile they will start to

Choices:
F. Become butterflies
R. Make a chair
Q. Get smooth
A. Become art

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "If a rub two rocks together after awhile they will start to\n\nChoices:\nF. Become butterflies\nR. Make a chair\nQ. Get smooth\nA. Become art"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]


Prompt:
What is a shortage of water that causes the soil to dry from the surface down called?

Choices:
B. drought
L. overflowage
N. flood
K. tidal wave

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is a shortage of water that causes the soil to dry from the surface down called?\n\nChoices:\nB. drought\nL. overflowage\nN. flood\nK. tidal wave"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]


Prompt:
If an environment experiences a long drought

Choices:
P. animals will experience a boom in reproduction
L. tadpoles will mature faster into frogs
C. plants will continue to flourish
Q. ponds may dry up and kill off the fish population

Answer: Q

[{"role": "user", "content": "If an environment experiences a long drought\n\nChoices:\nP. animals will experience a boom in reproduction\nL. tadpoles will mature faster into frogs\nC. plants will continue to flourish\nQ. ponds may dry up and kill off the fish population"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{Q}"}]


Prompt:
What is the distance between two corresponding points of adjacent waves called?

Choices:
A. bandwidth
C. variation
R. wavelength
E. wave distance

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the distance between two corresponding points of adjacent waves called?\n\nChoices:\nA. bandwidth\nC. variation\nR. wavelength\nE. wave distance"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]

{"support": "Wave amplitude is the maximum distance the particles of a medium move from their resting positions as a wave passes through. Wavelength is the distance between two corresponding points of adjacent waves. Waves with greater amplitudes or shorter wavelengths have more energy."}


Prompt:
Which type of cell division halves the number of chromosomes?

Choices:
T. budding
F. fragmentation
K. mitosis
S. meiosis

Answer: S

[{"role": "user", "content": "Which type of cell division halves the number of chromosomes?\n\nChoices:\nT. budding\nF. fragmentation\nK. mitosis\nS. meiosis"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{S}"}]

{"support": "Meiosis is a type of cell division that halves the number of chromosomes."}


Prompt:
The strength of bases is measured on what scale?

Choices:
T. pneumatic scale
B. ph scale
A. acid test
L. litmus test

Answer: B

[{"role": "user", "content": "The strength of bases is measured on what scale?\n\nChoices:\nT. pneumatic scale\nB. ph scale\nA. acid test\nL. litmus test"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{B}"}]

{"support": "The strength of bases is measured on a scale called the pH scale, which ranges from 0 to 14. On this scale, a pH value of 7 indicates a neutral solution, and a pH value greater than 7 indicates a basic solution. The higher the pH value is, the stronger the base. The strongest bases, such as drain cleaner, have a pH value close to 14."}


Prompt:
Presence or absence of what feature distinguishes vertebrates from invertebrates?

Choices:
R. backbone
I. hair
P. scales
L. heart

Answer: R

[{"role": "user", "content": "Presence or absence of what feature distinguishes vertebrates from invertebrates?\n\nChoices:\nR. backbone\nI. hair\nP. scales\nL. heart"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{R}"}]

{"support": "Animals are often identified as being either invertebrates or vertebrates. These are terms based on the skeletons of the animals. Vertebrates have a backbone made of bone or cartilage ( cartilage is a flexible supportive tissue. You have cartilage in your ear lobes. ). Invertebrates , on the other hand, have no backbone ( Figure below ). Invertebrates live just about anywhere. There are so many invertebrates on this planet that it is impossible to count them all. There are probably billions of b"}


Prompt:
It takes the Earth one year to go around the sun. It takes the moon how long to make one revolution around our planet?

Choices:
C. a decade
G. 2 months
O. 30 days
N. 2 years

Answer: O

[{"role": "user", "content": "It takes the Earth one year to go around the sun. It takes the moon how long to make one revolution around our planet?\n\nChoices:\nC. a decade\nG. 2 months\nO. 30 days\nN. 2 years"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{O}"}]


Prompt:
What is the significance of the name "Roebuck" given to HMS Roebuck?

Choices:
P. The name "Roebuck" was derived from the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, who had a fondness for deer hunting.
M. The name "Roebuck" was selected to represent the destroyer's role in protecting British trade routes during World War II.
K. The name "Roebuck" was inspired by a species of deer commonly found in the British Isles.
C. The name "Roebuck" was taken from the fifteenth ship in the Royal Navy to carry this traditional ship name.
L. The name "Roebuck" was chosen to honor a famous British naval officer who served during World War II.

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "What is the significance of the name \"Roebuck\" given to HMS Roebuck?\n\nChoices:\nP. The name \"Roebuck\" was derived from the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, who had a fondness for deer hunting.\nM. The name \"Roebuck\" was selected to represent the destroyer's role in protecting British trade routes during World War II.\nK. The name \"Roebuck\" was inspired by a species of deer commonly found in the British Isles.\nC. The name \"Roebuck\" was taken from the fifteenth ship in the Royal Navy to carry this traditional ship name.\nL. The name \"Roebuck\" was chosen to honor a famous British naval officer who served during World War II."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]


Prompt:
As an herbivore, deers will eat

Choices:
K. A bush
H. Meat
P. Tires
T. Chicken

Answer: K

[{"role": "user", "content": "As an herbivore, deers will eat\n\nChoices:\nK. A bush\nH. Meat\nP. Tires\nT. Chicken"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{K}"}]


Prompt:
What season is it in the southern hemisphere when it's winter in the northern?

Choices:
F. summer
N. autumn
H. Winter
G. Spring

Answer: F

[{"role": "user", "content": "What season is it in the southern hemisphere when it's winter in the northern?\n\nChoices:\nF. summer\nN. autumn\nH. Winter\nG. Spring"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{F}"}]

{"support": "Winter solstice for the Northern Hemisphere happens on December 21 or 22. The North Pole of Earth's axis points away from the Sun ( Figure below ). Light from the Sun is spread out over a larger area. With fewer daylight hours in winter, there is also less time for the Sun to warm the area. When it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere, it is summer in the Southern Hemisphere."}


Prompt:
Rems, rads, and curies are all used to measure what?

Choices:
Q. potential energy
T. radioactivity
D. thermal energy
L. gravity

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "Rems, rads, and curies are all used to measure what?\n\nChoices:\nQ. potential energy\nT. radioactivity\nD. thermal energy\nL. gravity"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]

{"support": "Radioactivity can be expressed in a variety of units, including rems, rads, and curies."}


Prompt:
What substance do the leaves of plants take in from the environment?

Choices:
L. acid rain
P. hydrogen
A. oxygen
T. carbon dioxide

Answer: T

[{"role": "user", "content": "What substance do the leaves of plants take in from the environment?\n\nChoices:\nL. acid rain\nP. hydrogen\nA. oxygen\nT. carbon dioxide"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\\boxed{T}"}]