---
license: cc-by-4.0
task_categories:
  - visual-question-answering
  - object-detection
tags:
  - coco
  - grounding
  - visual-reasoning
---

# RefStuff

This release contains two COCO 2014-derived splits for visual grounding with
reference-style horizontal rows of repeated non-person objects.

## Layout

- `coco2014_candidates_4to8_unfiltered/`: 15,577 candidate images.  Each has
  one selected non-person COCO category with 4-8 annotated instances.
- `strict_ready_131/`: 131 visually screened samples with complete grounding
  annotations.  Every item passed whole-image row screening and individual
  crop validation.

## Strict grounding format

`strict_ready_131/grounding.jsonl` is the final annotation file.  Each record
includes the source image, target category, COCO instance IDs, visual row
assignment, crop checks, and per-instance Chinese reference text.  Reference
text follows this form:

`从上到下第N行从左数第K个<category>`

or:

`从上到下第N行从右数第K个<category>`

Rows are numbered from top to bottom.  The left/right ordinal is selected for
each instance according to its side of the assigned horizontal row.

## Provenance

Images and instance metadata originate from COCO 2014.  The unfiltered split
is a candidate pool, not a final-quality row dataset.  The strict split is the
screened subset intended for grounding use.