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isa/draft/exploitation-code-2025
2025-12-23T00:00:00
Draft Regulations on Exploitation of Mineral Resources in the Area (Further Revised Consolidated Text) — DRAFT, NOT IN FORCE
Draft Exploitation Regulations / Mining Code — Dec 2025 consolidated draft [DRAFT]
international
isa_draft
ISBA/31/C/CRP.2, Further Revised Consolidated Text (clean version), 23 December 2025 (draft, 31st session, Kingston, 9–20 March 2026)
[ "en" ]
en
null
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Further-Revised-Consolidated-Text-clean-version.pdf
International Seabed Authority (ISA)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
sha256:d6d6f44767e6691e349fe631f942e1f2cd21c3b291fff3d909f31fb5286e32b3
sha256:0eda44a2f8c046fdb76ad103918002795b422e313cd09c13a0e7055f357815be
sha256:d6d6f44767e6691e349fe631f942e1f2cd21c3b291fff3d909f31fb5286e32b3
isa-materials-terms
Official ISA working document (Council conference-room paper), attributed to the International Seabed Authority; not relicensed.
DRAFT, NOT IN FORCE (JC-002). Now COMPLETE from the byte-exact official ISA PDF (human download, 194 pp.), stored as original.pdf — supersedes the earlier authoritative_missing partial placeholder for this version (retained in Git history). This is the 'Further Revised Consolidated Text' (clean version) ISBA/31/C/CRP.2...
Draft Regulations on Exploitation of Mineral Resources in the Area — Further Revised Consolidated Text (ISBA/31/C/CRP.2, 23 December 2025) [DRAFT, NOT IN FORCE] Preamble In accordance with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 (“the Convention”) and the Agreement relating to the Imple...
480,393
isa/regulation/crusts-2012
2012-10-22T00:00:00
Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese Crusts in the Area
ISA Cobalt-rich Crusts Exploration Regulations (2012)
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/18/A/11, annex — Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese Crusts in the Area
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
en
2012-07-27T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/isba-18a-11_0.pdf
International Seabed Authority (ISA)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
sha256:f9061306c05126a6324af99d9612e42e7d2c3bfdbc8e3441d9aa47ff4a74a1b1
sha256:f9061306c05126a6324af99d9612e42e7d2c3bfdbc8e3441d9aa47ff4a74a1b1
sha256:f9061306c05126a6324af99d9612e42e7d2c3bfdbc8e3441d9aa47ff4a74a1b1
isa-materials-terms
Official ISA document (ISBA/18/A/11), attributed to the International Seabed Authority; UN document series, used with attribution; not relicensed.
English authentic text of the ISA Assembly decision ISBA/18/A/11 (22 October 2012) and its annex, the Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese Crusts in the Area (adopted 27 July 2012; Regulations 1–45 across Parts I–VIII, plus annexed forms and the standard clauses for exploration cont...
ISA Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese Crusts in the Area — ISBA/18/A/11, annex Decision of the Assembly of the International Seabed Authority relating to the Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese Crusts in the Area The Assembly of the Internat...
121,424
isa/regulation/crusts-2012-es
2012-10-22T00:00:00
Reglamento sobre Prospección y Exploración de Costras de Ferromanganeso con Alto Contenido de Cobalto en la Zona
Reglamento ISA — exploración de costras de ferromanganeso cobálticas (2012) [ES]
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/18/A/11, anexo — Reglamento sobre Prospección y Exploración de Costras de Ferromanganeso con Alto Contenido de Cobalto en la Zona
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
es
2012-10-22T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/isba-18a-11_1_0.pdf
Autoridad Internacional de los Fondos Marinos (ISA)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
sha256:a060362acf54f34793b41f4f2f4344aa9f816646a98df39c731976de1dd51e37
sha256:d5885d337a3827e813d6b4935163ee057da7b21de911dd2dba07bdb6d95dfec7
sha256:a060362acf54f34793b41f4f2f4344aa9f816646a98df39c731976de1dd51e37
isa-materials-terms
Texto auténtico español; documento oficial, atribuido a la fuente; no relicenciado.
TEXTO AUTÉNTICO ESPAÑOL — sibling under JC-006 (English base record is isa/regulation/crusts-2012). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the Spanish text is stored here. Byte-exact official PDF (human download) stored as original.pdf; text extracted with pdftotext and cleaned by the committed s...
Reglamento sobre Prospección y Exploración de Costras de Ferromanganeso con Alto Contenido de Cobalto en la Zona — ISBA/18/A/11, anexo [ES] Reglamento sobre prospección y exploración de costras de ferromanganeso con alto contenido de cobalto en la Zona Preámbulo De conformidad con la Convención de las Naciones Unidas...
126,256
isa/regulation/crusts-2012-fr
2012-10-22T00:00:00
Règlement relatif à la prospection et à l’exploration des encroûtements cobaltifères de ferromanganèse dans la Zone
Règlement ISA — exploration des encroûtements cobaltifères (2012) [FR]
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/18/A/11, annexe — Règlement relatif à la prospection et à l’exploration des encroûtements cobaltifères de ferromanganèse dans la Zone
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
fr
2012-10-22T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/isba-18a-11_2.pdf
Autorité internationale des fonds marins (ISA)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
sha256:e5b44ffae806e0f0b2b6dd5ec485681529c769406be96292dcd60c1f04e9aae5
sha256:305d5be42ed99055e008655fe34b7157b26f9df20de1d166f6f405b9a2595f48
sha256:e5b44ffae806e0f0b2b6dd5ec485681529c769406be96292dcd60c1f04e9aae5
isa-materials-terms
Texte authentique français ; document officiel, attribué à la source ; non re-licencié.
TEXTE AUTHENTIQUE FRANÇAIS — sibling under JC-006 (language-suffixed corpus_id; English base record is isa/regulation/crusts-2012). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the French text is stored here. Byte-exact official PDF (human download) stored as original.pdf (original_sha256 = the PDF has...
Règlement relatif à la prospection et à l’exploration des encroûtements cobaltifères de ferromanganèse dans la Zone — ISBA/18/A/11, annexe [FR] Règlement relatif à la prospection et à l’exploration des encroûtements cobaltifères de ferromanganèse dans la Zone Préambule Aux termes de la Convention des Nations Unies su...
126,029
isa/regulation/crusts-2012-ru
2012-10-22T00:00:00
Правила поиска и разведки кобальтоносных железомарганцевых корок в Районе
Правила МОМД — разведка кобальтоносных корок (2012 г.) [RU]
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/18/A/11, приложение — Правила поиска и разведки кобальтоносных железомарганцевых корок в Районе
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
ru
2012-07-27T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/isba-18a-11_3-1.pdf
Международный орган по морскому дну (ISA)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
sha256:66bb2544ebbc5609623ae9ab470855326fd7515976e54120320036d8fe3259ef
sha256:f574d5555fe0b9b40c6817d58329976e691314e5b799a7c4004a80331d22a275
sha256:66bb2544ebbc5609623ae9ab470855326fd7515976e54120320036d8fe3259ef
isa-materials-terms
Аутентичный русский текст; официальный документ, атрибутирован источнику; не перелицензирован.
AUTHENTIC RUSSIAN TEXT — sibling under JC-006 (language-suffixed corpus_id; English base record is isa/regulation/crusts-2012). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the RU text is stored here. Byte-exact official PDF (human download) stored as original.pdf (original_sha256 = the PDF hash); text...
Правила поиска и разведки кобальтоносных железомарганцевых корок в Районе — ISBA/18/A/11, приложение [RU] Правила поиска и разведки кобальтоносных железомарганцевых корок в Районе Преамбула Согласно Конвенции Организации Объединенных Наций по морскому праву от 10 декабря 1982 года («Конвенция»), дно морей и океанов и...
118,635
isa/regulation/crusts-2012-zh
2012-10-22T00:00:00
“区域”内富钴铁锰结壳探矿和勘探规章
国际海底管理局规章 — 富钴铁锰结壳探矿和勘探(2012年)[ZH]
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/18/A/11,附件 — “区域”内富钴铁锰结壳探矿和勘探规章
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
zh
2012-07-27T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/isba-18a-11_1.pdf
国际海底管理局(ISA)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
sha256:bebf15920cdb8ba95d8cf7f53b3bb2cd40914835cb66f68ab1ecc6ac2942a109
sha256:6db3047b28ae7e6a2713940ea14bfb1993cc78e3683d05b8c0baaa4943765224
sha256:bebf15920cdb8ba95d8cf7f53b3bb2cd40914835cb66f68ab1ecc6ac2942a109
isa-materials-terms
中文作准文本;官方文件,归属于来源;未重新许可。
AUTHENTIC CHINESE TEXT — sibling under JC-006 (language-suffixed corpus_id; English base record is isa/regulation/crusts-2012). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the ZH text is stored here. Byte-exact official PDF (human download) stored as original.pdf (original_sha256 = the PDF hash); text...
“区域”内富钴铁锰结壳探矿和勘探规章 — ISBA/18/A/11,附件 [ZH] 序言1982 年 12 月 10 日《联合国海洋法公约》(《公约》)规定,国家管辖范围以外的海床和洋底及其底土以及该区域的资源为人类的共同继承财产,其勘探与开发应为全人类的利益而进行。国际海底管理局代表全人类行事。本套规章旨在规定富钴铁锰结壳的探矿和勘探活动。 第一部分 导言 第1条用语和范围 1.《公约》用语在本规章内涵义相同。 2. 《关于执行 1982 年 12 月 10 日<联合国海洋法公约>第十一部分的协定》(《协定》)规定,《协定》的条款及《公约》第十一部分应作为一个单一文书来解释和适用。本规章和本规章中提及《公约》的条款应相...
30,861
isa/regulation/nodules-2013
2013-07-22T00:00:00
Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Nodules in the Area (as amended 2013)
ISA Polymetallic Nodules Exploration Regulations (2013)
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/19/C/17, annex — Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Nodules in the Area (originally ISBA/6/A/18 (2000), as amended 2013)
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
en
2013-07-22T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/isba-19c-17_0-2.pdf
International Seabed Authority (ISA)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
sha256:0d49f504b29f11dc81f0ba0416fa892f31e5e9acddc388ea7c203bf541cd601b
sha256:0d49f504b29f11dc81f0ba0416fa892f31e5e9acddc388ea7c203bf541cd601b
sha256:0d49f504b29f11dc81f0ba0416fa892f31e5e9acddc388ea7c203bf541cd601b
isa-materials-terms
Official ISA document (ISBA/19/C/17), attributed to the International Seabed Authority; UN document series, used with attribution; not relicensed.
English authentic text of the ISA Council decision ISBA/19/C/17 (22 July 2013) and its annex, which contains the consolidated Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Nodules in the Area as amended in 2013 (Regulations 1–40 across Parts I–VIII, plus the annexed forms and the standard clauses for expl...
ISA Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Nodules in the Area (as amended 2013) — ISBA/19/C/17, annex Decision of the Council of the International Seabed Authority relating to amendments to the Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Nodules in the Area and related matters The...
121,308
isa/regulation/nodules-2013-es
2013-07-22T00:00:00
Reglamento sobre Prospección y Exploración de Nódulos Polimetálicos en la Zona (en su forma enmendada en 2013)
Reglamento ISA — exploración de nódulos polimetálicos (2013) [ES]
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/19/C/17, anexo — Reglamento sobre Prospección y Exploración de Nódulos Polimetálicos en la Zona
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
es
2013-07-22T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/isba-19c-17_1_0-1.pdf
Autoridad Internacional de los Fondos Marinos (ISA)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
sha256:c87adab9821517b96f537fb787ed70fbdf92b4034e5b485fd2fa6e293acfa8ac
sha256:5940a370aaf7293968ee9c4e2213a6dc4cdebcf981d4615c91a40a8430316171
sha256:c87adab9821517b96f537fb787ed70fbdf92b4034e5b485fd2fa6e293acfa8ac
isa-materials-terms
Texto auténtico español; documento oficial, atribuido a la fuente; no relicenciado.
TEXTO AUTÉNTICO ESPAÑOL — sibling under JC-006 (English base record is isa/regulation/nodules-2013). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the Spanish text is stored here. Byte-exact official PDF (human download) stored as original.pdf; text extracted with pdftotext and cleaned by the committed ...
Reglamento sobre Prospección y Exploración de Nódulos Polimetálicos en la Zona (en su forma enmendada en 2013) — ISBA/19/C/17, anexo [ES] Reglamento sobre Prospección y Exploración de Nódulos Polimetálicos en la Zona Preámbulo De conformidad con la Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar de 10 de d...
124,403
isa/regulation/nodules-2013-fr
2013-07-22T00:00:00
Règlement relatif à la prospection et à l’exploration des nodules polymétalliques dans la Zone (tel que modifié en 2013)
Règlement ISA — exploration des nodules polymétalliques (2013) [FR]
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/19/C/17, annexe — Règlement relatif à la prospection et à l’exploration des nodules polymétalliques dans la Zone
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
fr
2013-07-22T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/isba-19c-17_2-1.pdf
Autorité internationale des fonds marins (ISA)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
sha256:94086a63519a5fa9465634a9f0cfaae957564555aba2fe490feff585623cec86
sha256:1932a6f77c798bc3344d387fee7011a3adab4da2d17a13e2a9bebd48625ff9bb
sha256:94086a63519a5fa9465634a9f0cfaae957564555aba2fe490feff585623cec86
isa-materials-terms
Texte authentique français ; document officiel, attribué à la source ; non re-licencié.
TEXTE AUTHENTIQUE FRANÇAIS — sibling under JC-006 (language-suffixed corpus_id; English base record is isa/regulation/nodules-2013). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the French text is stored here. Byte-exact official PDF (human download) stored as original.pdf (original_sha256 = the PDF ha...
Règlement relatif à la prospection et à l’exploration des nodules polymétalliques dans la Zone (tel que modifié en 2013) — ISBA/19/C/17, annexe [FR] Règlement relatif à la prospection et à l’exploration des nodules polymétalliques dans la Zone Préambule Aux termes de la Convention des Nations Unies sur le droit de la...
124,050
isa/regulation/nodules-2013-ru
2013-07-22T00:00:00
Правила поиска и разведки полиметаллических конкреций в Районе (с поправками, внесёнными в 2013 году)
Правила МОМД — разведка полиметаллических конкреций (2013 г.) [RU]
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/19/C/17, приложение — Правила поиска и разведки полиметаллических конкреций в Районе
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
ru
2013-07-22T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/isba-19c-17_1_1-3.pdf
Международный орган по морскому дну (ISA)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
sha256:3685a21c164d6c6c038affae821e63ce9ff74e15f24be40e5d0d30a64ee37848
sha256:0c05202645c406a86825380882e84c7c5f59aeef5972b1f5375cbf2acea04b55
sha256:3685a21c164d6c6c038affae821e63ce9ff74e15f24be40e5d0d30a64ee37848
isa-materials-terms
Аутентичный русский текст; официальный документ, атрибутирован источнику; не перелицензирован.
AUTHENTIC RUSSIAN TEXT — sibling under JC-006 (language-suffixed corpus_id; English base record is isa/regulation/nodules-2013). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the RU text is stored here. Byte-exact official PDF (human download) stored as original.pdf (original_sha256 = the PDF hash); tex...
Правила поиска и разведки полиметаллических конкреций в Районе (с поправками 2013 года) — ISBA/19/C/17, приложение [RU] Правила поиска и разведки полиметаллических конкреций в Районе Преамбула Согласно Конвенции Организации Объединенных Наций по морскому праву («Конвенция»), дно морей и океанов и его недра за предела...
117,014
isa/regulation/nodules-2013-zh
2013-07-22T00:00:00
“区域”内多金属结核探矿和勘探规章(2013年修正)
国际海底管理局规章 — 多金属结核探矿和勘探(2013年)[ZH]
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/19/C/17,附件 — “区域”内多金属结核探矿和勘探规章
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
zh
2013-07-22T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/isba-19c-17_1-1.pdf
国际海底管理局(ISA)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
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sha256:2c212718050d1f30eafa627c0fa3b1bc42501e7ab4ef94561f59f1b559abeb45
sha256:883f517b329312e300c5075bc3d52d14b5bd1bd7b3e34ff067d55c2beb597bb3
isa-materials-terms
中文作准文本;官方文件,归属于来源;未重新许可。
AUTHENTIC CHINESE TEXT — sibling under JC-006 (language-suffixed corpus_id; English base record is isa/regulation/nodules-2013). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the ZH text is stored here. Byte-exact official PDF (human download) stored as original.pdf (original_sha256 = the PDF hash); tex...
“区域”内多金属结核探矿和勘探规章(2013年修正) — ISBA/19/C/17,附件 [ZH] 序言1982 年 12 月 10 日《联合国海洋法公约》(“《公约》”)规定,国家管辖范围以外的海床和洋底及其底土以及该区域的资源为人类的共同继承财产,其勘探与开发应为全人类的利益而进行。国际海底管理局代表全人类行事。本规章的目的是规定多金属结核的探矿和勘探活动。 第一部分 导言 第1条用语和范围 1.《公约》所用用语在本规章内涵义相同。 2.《关于执行 1982 年 12 月 10 日<联合国海洋法公约>第十一部分的协定》(“协定”)规定,协定的条款及《公约》第十一部分应作为一个单一文书来解释和适用。本规章和本规章中提及...
30,471
isa/regulation/sulphides-2010
2010-11-15T00:00:00
Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Sulphides in the Area
ISA Polymetallic Sulphides Exploration Regulations (2010)
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/16/A/12/Rev.1, annex — Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Sulphides in the Area
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
en
2010-05-07T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/isba-16a-12rev1_2_0.pdf
International Seabed Authority (ISA)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
sha256:82ae41a1d38b7a203d114cd902d7b95dd09a3ba5437610f2a317151c26db073c
sha256:82ae41a1d38b7a203d114cd902d7b95dd09a3ba5437610f2a317151c26db073c
sha256:82ae41a1d38b7a203d114cd902d7b95dd09a3ba5437610f2a317151c26db073c
isa-materials-terms
Official ISA document (ISBA/16/A/12/Rev.1), attributed to the International Seabed Authority; UN document series, used with attribution; not relicensed.
English authentic text of the ISA Assembly decision ISBA/16/A/12/Rev.1 (corrected reissue dated 15 November 2010) and its annex, the Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Sulphides in the Area (adopted 7 May 2010; Regulations 1–45 across Parts I–VIII, plus annexed forms and the standard clauses fo...
ISA Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Sulphides in the Area — ISBA/16/A/12/Rev.1, annex 26 April-7 May 2010 Decision of the Assembly of the International Seabed Authority relating to the regulations on prospecting and exploration for polymetallic sulphides in the Area The Assembly of the Inte...
122,535
isa/regulation/sulphides-2010-es
2010-11-15T00:00:00
Reglamento sobre Prospección y Exploración de Sulfuros Polimetálicos en la Zona
Reglamento ISA — exploración de sulfuros polimetálicos (2010) [ES]
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/16/A/12/Rev.1, anexo — Reglamento sobre Prospección y Exploración de Sulfuros Polimetálicos en la Zona
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
es
2010-05-07T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/isba-16a-12rev1_1_0.pdf
Autoridad Internacional de los Fondos Marinos (ISA)
true
authentic_text
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sha256:eb472100b8926d18374dcef46193ad264035031935fbfcef28478ba0f0f79cb8
sha256:51c8b4f0d2360be63c756f7d847bbbc3c6ca05f29e32d7e51808ec6bc95c18bd
isa-materials-terms
Texto auténtico español; documento oficial, atribuido a la fuente; no relicenciado.
TEXTO AUTÉNTICO ESPAÑOL — sibling under JC-006 (English base record is isa/regulation/sulphides-2010). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the Spanish text is stored here. Byte-exact official PDF (human download) stored as original.pdf; text extracted with pdftotext and cleaned by the committe...
Reglamento sobre Prospección y Exploración de Sulfuros Polimetálicos en la Zona — ISBA/16/A/12/Rev.1, anexo [ES] Reglamento sobre prospección y exploración de sulfuros polimetálicos en la Zona Preámbulo De conformidad con la Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar (“la Convención”), los fondos mari...
127,893
isa/regulation/sulphides-2010-fr
2010-11-15T00:00:00
Règlement relatif à la prospection et à l’exploration des sulfures polymétalliques dans la Zone
Règlement ISA — exploration des sulfures polymétalliques (2010) [FR]
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/16/A/12/Rev.1, annexe — Règlement relatif à la prospection et à l’exploration des sulfures polymétalliques dans la Zone
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
fr
2010-05-07T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/isba-16a-12rev1_2.pdf
Autorité internationale des fonds marins (ISA)
true
authentic_text
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sha256:627a0c4cc438c5693acaca7992c3a3d564971d5297ab1b3762d7cc201e46a21d
isa-materials-terms
Texte authentique français ; document officiel, attribué à la source ; non re-licencié.
TEXTE AUTHENTIQUE FRANÇAIS — sibling under JC-006 (language-suffixed corpus_id; English base record is isa/regulation/sulphides-2010). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the French text is stored here. Byte-exact official PDF (human download) stored as original.pdf (original_sha256 = the PDF ...
Règlement relatif à la prospection et à l’exploration des sulfures polymétalliques dans la Zone — ISBA/16/A/12/Rev.1, annexe [FR] Règlement relatif à la prospection et à l’exploration des sulfures polymétalliques dans la Zone Préambule Aux termes de la Convention des Nations Unies sur le droit de la mer (« la Convent...
126,865
isa/regulation/sulphides-2010-ru
2010-11-15T00:00:00
Правила поиска и разведки полиметаллических сульфидов в Районе
Правила МОМД — разведка полиметаллических сульфидов (2010 г.) [RU]
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/16/A/12/Rev.1, приложение — Правила поиска и разведки полиметаллических сульфидов в Районе
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
ru
2010-05-07T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/isba-16a-12rev1_1_1.pdf
Международный орган по морскому дну (ISA)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
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sha256:3cc9d9f5dc23a8c03361ffb26bbba89383c3d42d0b7057bfe2a21626ebc9f2a9
sha256:b4f9e6adf5044907bd8a7b061a01b86802bb97ec8f1a0bf3cba340416f53cb91
isa-materials-terms
Аутентичный русский текст; официальный документ, атрибутирован источнику; не перелицензирован.
AUTHENTIC RUSSIAN TEXT — sibling under JC-006 (language-suffixed corpus_id; English base record is isa/regulation/sulphides-2010). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the RU text is stored here. Byte-exact official PDF (human download) stored as original.pdf (original_sha256 = the PDF hash); t...
Правила поиска и разведки полиметаллических сульфидов в Районе — ISBA/16/A/12/Rev.1, приложение [RU] Правила поиска и разведки полиметаллических сульфидов в Районе Преамбула Согласно Конвенции Организации Объединенных Наций по морскому праву («Конвенция»), дно морей и океанов и его недра за пределами национальной юри...
119,949
isa/regulation/sulphides-2010-zh
2010-11-15T00:00:00
“区域”内多金属硫化物探矿和勘探规章
国际海底管理局规章 — 多金属硫化物探矿和勘探(2010年)[ZH]
international
isa_regulation
ISBA/16/A/12/Rev.1,附件 — “区域”内多金属硫化物探矿和勘探规章
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
zh
2010-05-07T00:00:00
null
https://isa.org.jm/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/isba-16a-12rev1_1.pdf
国际海底管理局(ISA)
true
authentic_text
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sha256:f36690cd64d9bacdfc84495bf40b5fc4a37447a28fd4194267587571ec399317
sha256:28e0b0e6770e438e5357361cffce66ee3772c7cfddd2b1bc633265ee9664c157
isa-materials-terms
中文作准文本;官方文件,归属于来源;未重新许可。
AUTHENTIC CHINESE TEXT — sibling under JC-006 (language-suffixed corpus_id; English base record is isa/regulation/sulphides-2010). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the ZH text is stored here. Byte-exact official PDF (human download) stored as original.pdf (original_sha256 = the PDF hash); t...
“区域”内多金属硫化物探矿和勘探规章 — ISBA/16/A/12/Rev.1,附件 [ZH] 序言《联合国海洋法公约》(《公约》)规定,国家管辖范围以外的海床和洋底及其底土以及该区域的资源为人类的共同继承财产,其勘探与开发应为全人类的利益而进行。国际海底管理局代表全人类行事。本套规章旨在规定多金属硫化物的探矿和勘探活动。 第一部分 导言 第1条用语和范围 1.《公约》所用用语在本规章内涵义相同。 2.《关于执行 1982 年 12 月 10 日<联合国海洋法公约>第十一部分的协定》《协(定》)规定,《协定》的条款及 1982 年 12 月 10 日《联合国海洋法公约》第十一部分应作为一个单一文书来解释和适用。本规章和本...
31,283
itlos/advisory-opinion/sdc-area-2011
2011-02-01T00:00:00
Responsibilities and obligations of States sponsoring persons and entities with respect to activities in the Area (Request for Advisory Opinion submitted to the Seabed Disputes Chamber), Advisory Opinion of 1 February 2011
2011 Seabed Disputes Chamber Advisory Opinion (Case No. 17)
international
advisory_opinion
Responsibilities and obligations of States with respect to activities in the Area, Advisory Opinion, 1 February 2011, ITLOS Reports 2011, p. 10
[ "en", "fr" ]
en
2011-02-01T00:00:00
null
https://www.itlos.org/fileadmin/itlos/documents/cases/case_no_17/17_adv_op_010211_en.pdf
International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS)
true
authentic_text
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sha256:d31eca6c87f6f4db60b47f90c449d4eab03c8e90d75aa0ac9b5cdd8e4f00d1eb
itlos-materials-terms
Official ITLOS materials, attributed to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea; not relicensed.
GAP CLOSED. This record supersedes the earlier authoritative_missing placeholder for the same version (2011-02-01), which remains in Git history. The complete authentic English text was obtained from the byte-exact official ITLOS English PDF (human download, 719 KB, 72 pages), now stored as original.pdf — a genuine pro...
Responsibilities and obligations of States sponsoring persons and entities with respect to activities in the Area — Advisory Opinion of 1 February 2011 (ITLOS Seabed Disputes Chamber, Case No. 17) ADVISORY OPINION Present: President TREVES; Judges MAROTTA RANGEL, NELSON, CHANDRASEKHARA RAO, WOLFRUM, YANAI, KATEKA, H O...
150,748
itlos/advisory-opinion/sdc-area-2011-fr
2011-02-01T00:00:00
Responsabilités et obligations des Etats qui patronnent des Personnes et des entités dans le cadre d’activités menées dans la Zone (Demande d’avis consultatif soumise à la Chambre pour le règlement des différends relatifs aux fonds marins), Avis consultatif du 1er février 2011
Avis consultatif de la Chambre pour le règlement des différends relatifs aux fonds marins (2011, affaire n° 17) [FR]
international
advisory_opinion
Responsabilités et obligations des Etats dans le cadre d’activités menées dans la Zone, avis consultatif, 1er février 2011, TIDM Recueil 2011, p. 10
[ "en", "fr" ]
fr
2011-02-01T00:00:00
null
https://www.itlos.org/fileadmin/itlos/documents/cases/case_no_17/17_adv_op_010211_fr.pdf
Tribunal international du droit de la mer (TIDM / ITLOS)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
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sha256:07b0ed819aa2c5a5183435494edf78f521e2024515a12a45f1ec67beeb42dc83
sha256:e59004a43582a299b5c1bdc2093c56b7304325a8960e1e2a1aa2a63e1916c962
itlos-materials-terms
Official ITLOS materials (French authentic version), attributed to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea; not relicensed.
FRENCH AUTHENTIC TEXT — first sibling under JC-006 (language-suffixed corpus_id; the English base record is itlos/advisory-opinion/sdc-area-2011). The opinion is authentic in English and French, both equally authoritative: it closes «Fait en anglais et en français, les deux textes faisant également foi». Byte-exact off...
Responsabilités et obligations des Etats qui patronnent des Personnes et des entités dans le cadre d’activités menées dans la Zone — Avis consultatif du 1er février 2011 (TIDM, Chambre pour le règlement des différends relatifs aux fonds marins, affaire n° 17) AVIS CONSULTATIF Présents : M. TREVES, Président; MM. MAROT...
168,729
un/agreement/unclos-partxi-impl-1994
1994-07-28T00:00:00
Agreement relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982
1994 Part XI Implementation Agreement
international
implementing_agreement
Agreement relating to the Implementation of Part XI of UNCLOS, 28 July 1994, 1836 UNTS 3; UNGA res. 48/263, annex
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
en
1994-07-28T00:00:00
1996-07-28T00:00:00
https://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/agreement_part_xi/agreement_part_xi.htm
United Nations Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea (DOALOS), Office of Legal Affairs
true
authentic_text
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sha256:42359bda408c66d524c78a0a4ffd2d8d0420bbb6882bf5a9ef9e539e222a2e4a
sha256:42359bda408c66d524c78a0a4ffd2d8d0420bbb6882bf5a9ef9e539e222a2e4a
un-materials-terms
DOALOS web text carries the notice: "The text may be used and reproduced freely by giving acknowledgment to the Division. This is not an official document." UN materials used with attribution to the United Nations; not relicensed.
English authentic text (Preamble, arts. 1–10, and the Annex, Sections 1–9) captured 2026-07-03 from the single DOALOS page agreement_part_xi.htm via the approved web-fetch tool. The DOALOS markdown ran paragraphs together; a deterministic cleaner (scripts documented in the build log) reconstructed article/section bound...
Agreement relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 The States Parties to this Agreement, Recognizing the important contribution of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 (hereinafter referred to as "the Convent...
48,945
un/agreement/unclos-partxi-impl-1994-es
1994-07-28T00:00:00
Acuerdo relativo a la aplicación de la Parte XI de la Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar de 10 de diciembre de 1982
Acuerdo de 1994 sobre la aplicación de la Parte XI [ES]
international
implementing_agreement
Acuerdo relativo a la aplicación de la Parte XI de la CNUDM, 28 de julio de 1994, 1836 UNTS 3 (anexo de la resolución A/RES/48/263)
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
es
1994-07-28T00:00:00
1996-07-28T00:00:00
https://undocs.org/es/A/RES/48/263
Naciones Unidas (A/RES/48/263)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
sha256:9afcce9a8b9d836c48574d33ad701e7e881ee3b9c2449e55f55dd68fd2abf5e2
sha256:220b6096c18e3bf8c1da936efe91cfd8e929dcaaa0fc7eb6c3582c8c009b9e64
sha256:9afcce9a8b9d836c48574d33ad701e7e881ee3b9c2449e55f55dd68fd2abf5e2
un-materials-terms
Texto auténtico español; documento oficial, atribuido a la fuente; no relicenciado.
TEXTO AUTÉNTICO ESPAÑOL — sibling under JC-006 (English base record is un/agreement/unclos-partxi-impl-1994). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the Spanish text is stored here. Byte-exact official PDF (human download) stored as original.pdf; text extracted with pdftotext and cleaned by the c...
Acuerdo relativo a la aplicación de la Parte XI de la Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar de 10 de diciembre de 1982 [ES] ACUERDO RELATIVO A LA APLICACIÓN DE LA PARTE XI DE LA CONVENCIÓN DE LAS NACIONES UNIDAS SOBRE EL DERECHO DEL MAR DE 10 DE DICIEMBRE DE 1982 Los Estados Partes en este Acuerdo...
53,804
un/agreement/unclos-partxi-impl-1994-fr
1994-07-28T00:00:00
Accord relatif à l’application de la partie XI de la Convention des Nations Unies sur le droit de la mer du 10 décembre 1982
Accord de 1994 relatif à l’application de la partie XI [FR]
international
implementing_agreement
Accord relatif à l’application de la partie XI de la CNUDM, 28 juillet 1994, 1836 RTNU 3 (annexe à la résolution A/RES/48/263)
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
fr
1994-07-28T00:00:00
1996-07-28T00:00:00
https://undocs.org/fr/A/RES/48/263
Organisation des Nations Unies (A/RES/48/263)
true
authentic_text
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sha256:5a2ac20aff5b0e87d23d017f2e3b1eaff13d618c854cec303cce8e0a768706ca
sha256:20bd9c265bee21e19edaa2b638f74ece174eaa681a577234c40285a6b87b73ed
sha256:5a2ac20aff5b0e87d23d017f2e3b1eaff13d618c854cec303cce8e0a768706ca
un-materials-terms
Texte authentique français ; document officiel, attribué à la source ; non re-licencié.
TEXTE AUTHENTIQUE FRANÇAIS — sibling under JC-006 (language-suffixed corpus_id; English base record is un/agreement/unclos-partxi-impl-1994). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the French text is stored here. Byte-exact official PDF (human download) stored as original.pdf (original_sha256 = t...
Accord relatif à l’application de la partie XI de la Convention des Nations Unies sur le droit de la mer du 10 décembre 1982 [FR] ACCORD RELATIF À L’APPLICATION DE LA PARTIE XI DE LA CONVENTION DES NATIONS UNIES SUR LE DROIT DE LA MER DU 10 DÉCEMBRE 1982 Les États Parties au présent Accord, Reconnaissant que la Conven...
51,956
un/convention/unclos-partxi-1982
1982-12-10T00:00:00
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea — Part XI: The Area (Articles 133–191)
UNCLOS Part XI (The Area)
international
convention
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 10 December 1982, 1833 UNTS 3, Part XI (arts. 133–191)
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
en
1982-12-10T00:00:00
1994-11-16T00:00:00
https://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/part11-1.htm
United Nations Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea (DOALOS), Office of Legal Affairs
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
sha256:3c02f3d1efcd32e41b4e07e1e0c824f9a140873234bfff62b57bb4d615000a06
sha256:3c02f3d1efcd32e41b4e07e1e0c824f9a140873234bfff62b57bb4d615000a06
sha256:3c02f3d1efcd32e41b4e07e1e0c824f9a140873234bfff62b57bb4d615000a06
un-materials-terms
DOALOS web text carries the notice: "The text may be used and reproduced freely by giving acknowledgment to the Division. This is not an official document." UN materials used with attribution to the United Nations; not relicensed.
English authentic text of UNCLOS Part XI (arts. 133–191), captured 2026-07-03 from the five DOALOS per-Part HTML pages (part11-1.htm … part11-5.htm) via the approved web-fetch tool and assembled into one file; markdown-extraction artifacts (joined article headings) were normalised, and the DOALOS source's legacy glyph ...
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea — Part XI: The Area (Articles 133–191) PART XI. THE AREA SECTION 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 133. Use of terms For the purposes of this Part: (a) "resources" means all solid, liquid or gaseous mineral resources in situ in the Area at or beneath the seabed, includin...
83,870
un/convention/unclos-partxi-1982-es
1982-12-10T00:00:00
Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar — Parte XI: La Zona (artículos 133 a 191)
CNUDM Parte XI (La Zona) [ES]
international
convention
Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar, 10 de diciembre de 1982, 1833 UNTS 3, Parte XI (arts. 133 a 191)
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
es
1982-12-10T00:00:00
1994-11-16T00:00:00
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ES/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:21998A0623(01)
Oficina de Publicaciones de la Unión Europea — Diario Oficial L 179 de 23.6.1998 (EUR-Lex)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
sha256:843031d739f2478c4297d2de0e46e063e73fed2fd34df673b95206b3682d55c9
sha256:8c918b14720534d7a25b4e778370f891105ceec8694c0151f4c11993202ec583
sha256:843031d739f2478c4297d2de0e46e063e73fed2fd34df673b95206b3682d55c9
un-materials-terms
Texto auténtico español de la CNUDM, publicado en el Diario Oficial de las Comunidades Europeas L 179 de 23 de junio de 1998 (EUR-Lex). El contenido del Diario Oficial de la UE es reutilizable (Decisión 2011/833/UE); el texto del tratado subyacente es un instrumento de las Naciones Unidas, atribuido a la ONU. No re-lic...
AUTHENTIC SPANISH TEXT of UNCLOS Part XI (arts. 133–191) — sibling under JC-006 (English base record is un/convention/unclos-partxi-1982). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the ES text is stored here. Source is the clean digital EUR-Lex publication of the Convention in the Official Journal L...
Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar — Parte XI: La Zona (artículos 133 a 191) PARTE XI. LA ZONA SECCIÓN 1. DISPOSICIONES GENERALES Artículo 133. Términos empleados Para los efectos de esta parte: a) por «recursos» se entiende todos los recursos minerales sólidos, líquidos o gaseosos in situ ...
88,943
un/convention/unclos-partxi-1982-fr
1982-12-10T00:00:00
Convention des Nations Unies sur le droit de la mer — Partie XI : La Zone (articles 133 à 191)
CNUDM Partie XI (La Zone) [FR]
international
convention
Convention des Nations Unies sur le droit de la mer, 10 décembre 1982, 1833 RTNU 3, Partie XI (art. 133 à 191)
[ "ar", "zh", "en", "fr", "ru", "es" ]
fr
1982-12-10T00:00:00
1994-11-16T00:00:00
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/FR/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:21998A0623(01)
Office des publications de l’Union européenne — Journal officiel L 179 du 23.6.1998 (EUR-Lex)
true
authentic_text
extracted_verified
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sha256:7549c8f4a7646d96ffb89d198b6ed4c1c8fd9f8a641ffc48ea41df5920d61c96
sha256:9291fad315661e228e6e89e262a91f9c5e0a597c434ad4fae8a4860fcabbfcd7
un-materials-terms
Texte authentique français de la CNUDM, tel que publié au Journal officiel des Communautés européennes L 179 du 23 juin 1998 (EUR-Lex). Le contenu du Journal officiel de l’UE est réutilisable (décision 2011/833/UE) ; le texte du traité sous-jacent est un instrument des Nations Unies, attribué à l’ONU. Non re-licencié.
AUTHENTIC FRENCH TEXT of UNCLOS Part XI (arts. 133–191) — sibling under JC-006 (English base record is un/convention/unclos-partxi-1982). Authentic in the six UN languages, all equally authoritative; the FR text is stored here. Source is the clean digital EUR-Lex publication of the Convention in the Official Journal L ...
Convention des Nations Unies sur le droit de la mer — Partie XI : La Zone (articles 133 à 191) PARTIE XI. LA ZONE SECTION 1. DISPOSITIONS GÉNÉRALES Article 133. Emploi des termes Aux fins de la présente partie: a) on entend par «ressources», toutes les ressources minérales solides, liquides ou gazeuses in situ qui...
88,830
usa/regulation/cfr15-970-2026
2026-07-01T00:00:00
Deep Seabed Mining Regulations for Exploration Licenses (15 CFR Part 970)
15 CFR 970 — DSM Exploration Licences (NOAA)
USA
national_regulation
15 CFR Part 970 (Deep Seabed Mining Regulations for Exploration Licenses), current as of 1 July 2026 (orig. 46 FR 45896, 15 Sept. 1981; revised by final rule, 90 FR __, published 7 July 2025, Fed. Reg. doc. 2025-12513)
[ "en" ]
en
1981-09-15T00:00:00
null
https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-15/subtitle-B/chapter-IX/subchapter-D/part-970
U.S. Office of the Federal Register / National Archives — eCFR (NOAA, Dept. of Commerce)
true
official_consolidation
extracted_verified
sha256:3f39321529ccccaa1a47797f1d663c1f24d446864aaf9465229f5f608f0af9d8
sha256:cd262769307860a5df02aa9efb50e596b3708987f1d09c69fffe4c80398e8640
sha256:3f39321529ccccaa1a47797f1d663c1f24d446864aaf9465229f5f608f0af9d8
us-gov-public-domain
U.S. Government work, public domain. eCFR self-describes as "authoritative but unofficial"; the official codification is the annual GPO Code of Federal Regulations, and promulgation of record is the Federal Register.
US NON-UNCLOS PARALLEL TRACK (JC-001). NOAA's regulations implementing the DSHMRA licensing regime for exploration; operates OUTSIDE the ISA. Byte-exact official eCFR-print PDF (human download, current as of 1 July 2026, 43 pp.) stored as original.pdf (original_sha256 = the PDF hash); this edition incorporates the 7 Ju...
15 CFR Part 970 — Deep Seabed Mining Regulations for Exploration Licenses (up to date as of 1 July 2026) Authority: 30 U.S.C. 1401 et seq. Subpart A—General Source: 46 FR 45896, Sept. 15, 1981, unless otherwise noted. Section 970.100. Purpose. (a) General. The purpose of this part is to implement those responsibil...
121,634
usa/regulation/cfr15-971-2026
2026-07-01T00:00:00
Deep Seabed Mining Regulations for Commercial Recovery Permits (15 CFR Part 971)
15 CFR 971 — DSM Commercial Recovery Permits (NOAA)
USA
national_regulation
15 CFR Part 971 (Deep Seabed Mining Regulations for Commercial Recovery Permits), current as of 1 July 2026 (revised by final rule published 7 July 2025, Fed. Reg. doc. 2025-12513)
[ "en" ]
en
null
null
https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-15/subtitle-B/chapter-IX/subchapter-D/part-971
U.S. Office of the Federal Register / National Archives — eCFR (NOAA, Dept. of Commerce)
true
official_consolidation
extracted_verified
sha256:05e196e4d37d0d905d07dffba5c43e49a2b6f9e260d0a4f010f8b5351bf9aee4
sha256:050a8c0b7349e5950a80dc7af391f4f966615e152556b29fba6883082a1192b7
sha256:05e196e4d37d0d905d07dffba5c43e49a2b6f9e260d0a4f010f8b5351bf9aee4
us-gov-public-domain
U.S. Government work, public domain. eCFR self-describes as "authoritative but unofficial"; official codification is the annual GPO CFR, promulgation of record is the Federal Register.
US NON-UNCLOS PARALLEL TRACK (JC-001). NOAA's regulations implementing the DSHMRA commercial-recovery-permit regime; operates OUTSIDE the ISA. Byte-exact official eCFR-print PDF (human download, current as of 1 July 2026, 58 pp.) stored as original.pdf; incorporates the 7 July 2025 final rule. Extracted with pdftotext ...
15 CFR Part 971 — Deep Seabed Mining Regulations for Commercial Recovery Permits (up to date as of 1 July 2026) Authority: 30 U.S.C. 1401 et seq. Source: 54 FR 525, Jan. 6, 1989, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A—General Section 971.100. Purpose. The purpose of this part is to implement the responsibilities and aut...
172,467
usa/statute/dshmra-1980
2023-01-01T00:00:00
Deep Seabed Hard Mineral Resources Act (30 U.S.C. chapter 26, §§ 1401–1473)
US Deep Seabed Hard Mineral Resources Act (DSHMRA)
USA
national_statute
Deep Seabed Hard Mineral Resources Act, Pub. L. 96-283, 94 Stat. 553 (June 28, 1980), codified at 30 U.S.C. §§ 1401–1473 (2023 ed.)
[ "en" ]
en
1980-06-28T00:00:00
null
https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2023-title30/html/USCODE-2023-title30-chap26.htm
U.S. Government Publishing Office / Office of the Law Revision Counsel (govinfo.gov)
true
official_consolidation
extracted_verified
sha256:bbd19c1d64c15c80c6a74b78b7bd46a430cf100ad1aea282c974627d39be8643
sha256:bbd19c1d64c15c80c6a74b78b7bd46a430cf100ad1aea282c974627d39be8643
sha256:bbd19c1d64c15c80c6a74b78b7bd46a430cf100ad1aea282c974627d39be8643
us-gov-public-domain
U.S. Government work; in the public domain in the United States (edicts of government / 17 U.S.C. §105).
THE US NON-UNCLOS PARALLEL TRACK (JC-001). The United States is NOT a party to UNCLOS and administers deep seabed hard-mineral mining OUTSIDE the ISA regime, under this Act (NOAA-administered). Captured 2026-07-03 from the official govinfo US Code, 2023 edition (Title 30, Chapter 26), all 38 sections across Subchapters...
Deep Seabed Hard Mineral Resources Act (30 U.S.C. ch. 26, §§ 1401–1473) — United States Code, 2023 edition Section 1401. Congressional findings and declaration of purpose. (a) Findings The Congress finds that— (1) the United States' requirements for hard minerals to satisfy national industrial needs will continue t...
103,676