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ConceptID,ConceptLabel,Dependencies,TaxonomyID
1,Computer Science,,FOUND
2,Computational Thinking,1,FOUND
3,Algorithms,2,FOUND
4,Abstraction,2,FOUND
5,Decomposition,2,FOUND
6,Pattern Recognition,2,FOUND
7,Stepwise Refinement,5,FOUND
8,Problem Solving,2,FOUND
9,Binary Number System,1,FOUND
10,Bits and Bytes,9,FOUND
11,Character Encoding,10,FOUND
12,ASCII and Unicode,11,FOUND
13,Computer Hardware,1,FOUND
14,CPU and Memory,13,FOUND
15,Input and Output Devices,13,FOUND
16,Operating Systems,14|15,FOUND
17,Programming Languages,1,FOUND
18,Compiled vs Interpreted,17,FOUND
19,Python Language,17|18,FOUND
20,Python Interpreter,19,FOUND
21,Python REPL,20,PYBASIC
22,Python Scripts,20,PYBASIC
23,Comments in Code,22,PYBASIC
24,Variables,19,PYBASIC
25,Variable Assignment,24,PYBASIC
26,Variable Naming Rules,25,PYBASIC
27,Data Types,19,PYBASIC
28,Integer Type,27,PYBASIC
29,Float Type,27,PYBASIC
30,Boolean Type,27,PYBASIC
31,String Type,27,PYBASIC
32,Type Function,27,PYBASIC
33,Type Conversion,27|28|29,PYBASIC
34,Implicit Type Conversion,33,PYBASIC
35,Explicit Type Casting,33,PYBASIC
36,Arithmetic Operators,28|29,PYBASIC
37,Integer Division,36,PYBASIC
38,Modulo Operator,36,PYBASIC
39,Operator Precedence,36,PYBASIC
40,String Concatenation,31,PYBASIC
41,String Repetition,31,PYBASIC
42,F-String Formatting,31|25,PYBASIC
43,Print Function,19,PYBASIC
44,Input Function,43|31,PYBASIC
45,Multiple Assignment,25,PYBASIC
46,Constants Convention,26,PYBASIC
47,Augmented Assignment,25|36,PYBASIC
48,Expressions,36|25,PYBASIC
49,Statements,48,PYBASIC
50,Code Readability,23|26,PYBASIC
51,Boolean Expressions,30|48,BOOL
52,Comparison Operators,51,BOOL
53,Equal and Not Equal,52,BOOL
54,Greater and Less Than,52,BOOL
55,Logical Operators,51,BOOL
56,And Operator,55,BOOL
57,Or Operator,55,BOOL
58,Not Operator,55,BOOL
59,Short-Circuit Evaluation,56|57,BOOL
60,Truthiness and Falsiness,30|51,BOOL
61,Boolean Conversion,60|35,BOOL
62,Chained Comparisons,52,BOOL
63,Order of Operations,39|55,BOOL
64,De Morgan's Laws,56|57|58,BOOL

65,Truth Tables,55|30,BOOL

66,Control Flow,49,CTRL

67,Sequential Execution,66,CTRL

68,Conditional Statements,66|51,CTRL

69,If Statement,68,CTRL

70,If-Else Statement,69,CTRL

71,Elif Statement,70,CTRL

72,Nested Conditionals,71,CTRL

73,Ternary Expression,70,CTRL

74,Match Statement,68,CTRL

75,Loops,66,CTRL

76,For Loop,75,CTRL

77,While Loop,75|51,CTRL

78,Range Function,76,CTRL

79,Loop Variable,76,CTRL

80,Loop Body,75|49,CTRL

81,Infinite Loops,77,CTRL

82,Break Statement,75,CTRL

83,Continue Statement,75,CTRL

84,Nested Loops,76|77,CTRL

85,Loop Patterns,75|3,CTRL

86,Accumulator Pattern,85|47,CTRL

87,Counter Pattern,85|47,CTRL

88,Sentinel Value Pattern,77|82,CTRL

89,Flag Variable Pattern,85|30,CTRL

90,Loop Else Clause,76|77|82,CTRL

91,String Basics,31,STR

92,String Indexing,91,STR

93,Negative Indexing,92,STR

94,String Slicing,92,STR

95,Slice Notation,94,STR

96,String Immutability,91,STR

97,String Length,91,STR

98,String Methods,91,STR

99,Upper and Lower Methods,98,STR

100,Strip Method,98,STR

101,Split Method,98,STR

102,Join Method,101,STR

103,Find and Replace Methods,98,STR

104,Startswith and Endswith,98,STR

105,String Iteration,91|76,STR

106,String Comparison,91|52,STR

107,Escape Characters,91,STR

108,Raw Strings,107,STR

109,Multiline Strings,91,STR

110,String Formatting,91,STR

111,Format Method,110,STR

112,String Validation Methods,98,STR

113,In Operator for Strings,91|51,STR

114,Character Methods,98,STR

115,String Reversal,94|95,STR

116,Functions,4|7,FUNC

117,Function Definition,116,FUNC

118,Function Call,117,FUNC

119,Parameters,117,FUNC

120,Arguments,118|119,FUNC

121,Return Statement,117,FUNC

122,Return Values,121,FUNC

123,None Type,27|122,FUNC

124,Default Parameters,119,FUNC

125,Keyword Arguments,120,FUNC

126,Positional Arguments,120,FUNC

127,Multiple Return Values,122|186,FUNC

128,Variable Scope,25|117,FUNC

129,Local Variables,128,FUNC

130,Global Variables,128,FUNC

131,Global Keyword,130,FUNC

132,Docstrings,117|109,FUNC

133,Function Documentation,132,FUNC

134,Helper Functions,116|5,FUNC

135,Main Function Pattern,116|22,FUNC

136,Name Equals Main,135|367,FUNC

137,Lambda Functions,116|48,FUNC

138,Higher-Order Functions,116|137,FUNC

139,Map Function,138|76,FUNC

140,Filter Function,138|51,FUNC

141,Reduce Function,138,FUNC

142,Function Composition,138,FUNC

143,Recursion,116|75,REC

144,Base Case,143,REC

145,Recursive Case,143|144,REC

146,Recursive Call Stack,143|14,REC

147,Stack Overflow,146,REC

148,Recursion vs Iteration,143|76,REC

149,Recursive Patterns,143|85,REC

150,Memoization,143|224,REC

151,Lists,27,DATA

152,List Creation,151,DATA

153,List Indexing,151|92,DATA

154,List Slicing,153|94,DATA

155,List Mutability,151|96,DATA

156,List Methods,151,DATA

157,Append Method,156,DATA

158,Insert Method,156,DATA

159,Remove Method,156,DATA

160,Pop Method,156,DATA

161,Sort Method,156,DATA

162,Reverse Method,156,DATA

163,List Comprehension,151|76|48,DATA

164,Nested Lists,151,DATA

165,List of Lists,164,DATA

166,List Traversal,151|76,DATA

167,For Loop with Lists,166|76,DATA

168,Enumerate Function,167,DATA

169,List Unpacking,151|45,DATA

170,Zip Function,151|186,DATA

171,List Copying,155,DATA

172,Shallow Copy,171,DATA

173,Deep Copy,171|164,DATA

174,List Concatenation,151|40,DATA

175,List Repetition,151|41,DATA

176,In Operator for Lists,151|113,DATA

177,Index Method,156,DATA

178,Count Method,156,DATA

179,Min Max Sum Functions,151,DATA

180,Len Function for Lists,151|97,DATA

181,Sorted Function,151|161,DATA

182,List as Stack,151|160,DATA

183,List as Queue,151|160|158,DATA

184,List Aliasing,155|25,DATA

185,Identity vs Equality,184|53,DATA

186,Tuples,27,DATA

187,Tuple Creation,186,DATA

188,Tuple Immutability,186|96,DATA

189,Tuple Packing,186,DATA

190,Tuple Unpacking,189|45,DATA

191,Named Tuples,186|394,DATA

192,Tuple Methods,186,DATA

193,Tuples as Keys,186|206|188,DATA

194,Tuples vs Lists,186|151|155|188,DATA

195,Sets,27,DATA

196,Set Creation,195,DATA

197,Set Operations,195,DATA

198,Set Union,197,DATA

199,Set Intersection,197,DATA

200,Set Difference,197,DATA

201,Set Symmetric Difference,197,DATA

202,Set Methods,195,DATA

203,Membership Testing,195|176,DATA

204,Frozenset,195|188,DATA

205,Removing Duplicates,195|151,DATA

206,Dictionaries,27,DATA

207,Dictionary Creation,206,DATA

208,Key-Value Pairs,206,DATA

209,Dictionary Access,206|208,DATA

210,Dictionary Methods,206,DATA

211,Get Method,210,DATA

212,Keys Method,210,DATA

213,Values Method,210,DATA

214,Items Method,210,DATA

215,Dictionary Iteration,206|76|214,DATA

216,Dictionary Comprehension,206|163,DATA

217,Nested Dictionaries,206|164,DATA

218,Default Values,211|124,DATA

219,Update Method,210,DATA

220,Pop Method for Dicts,210,DATA

221,Dictionary Merging,219,DATA

222,Counting with Dicts,206|87,DATA

223,Grouping with Dicts,206|151,DATA

224,Dictionary as Cache,206|116,DATA

225,Hashable Keys,206|188,DATA

226,Dict vs List Lookup,206|151|341,DATA

227,JSON and Dictionaries,206|288,DATA

228,OrderedDict,394,DATA

229,DefaultDict,394|218,DATA

230,Counter Class,394|222,DATA

231,Object-Oriented Programming,4|116,OOP

232,Classes,231,OOP

233,Objects,232,OOP

234,Class Definition,232,OOP

235,Class Instantiation,234,OOP

236,Instance Attributes,235|25,OOP

237,Class Attributes,234|25,OOP

238,The Self Parameter,234,OOP

239,Init Method,234|119,OOP

240,Constructor,239,OOP

241,Methods,234|116,OOP

242,Instance Methods,241|238,OOP

243,Str Method,241|270,OOP

244,Repr Method,241|270,OOP

245,Encapsulation,231|4,OOP

246,Private Attributes,236|245,OOP

247,Getter Methods,246,OOP

248,Setter Methods,246,OOP

249,Property Decorator,247|248|384,OOP

250,Class Methods,241|237,OOP

251,Static Methods,241,OOP

252,Composition,231|233,OOP

253,Has-A Relationship,252,OOP

254,Inheritance,231|232,OOP

255,Is-A Relationship,254,OOP

256,Parent Class,254,OOP

257,Child Class,254|256,OOP

258,Super Function,257,OOP

259,Method Overriding,257|241,OOP

260,Polymorphism,254|259,OOP

261,Duck Typing,260,OOP

262,Abstract Classes,254|260,OOP

263,Multiple Inheritance,254,OOP

264,Method Resolution Order,263,OOP

265,Operator Overloading,241|270,OOP

266,Eq and Lt Methods,265|53,OOP

267,Add and Mul Methods,265|36,OOP

268,Iterable Protocol,270|76,OOP

269,Iterator Protocol,268,OOP

270,Dunder Methods,241,OOP

271,Object Identity,233|185,OOP

272,Object Comparison,233|266,OOP

273,Class Hierarchies,254|257,OOP

274,UML Class Diagrams,232|254|252,OOP

275,Design Patterns Intro,231|252|254,OOP

276,File Input Output,19|15,FILEIO

277,Opening Files,276,FILEIO

278,File Modes,277,FILEIO

279,Read Method,277,FILEIO

280,Readline Method,279,FILEIO

281,Readlines Method,279|151,FILEIO

282,Write Method,277,FILEIO

283,Writelines Method,282|151,FILEIO

284,With Statement,277|285,FILEIO

285,Context Managers,276,FILEIO

286,File Paths,276|31,FILEIO

287,CSV Files,276|101|151,FILEIO

288,JSON Files,276|206,FILEIO

289,File Exceptions,276|291,FILEIO

290,Text vs Binary Files,276|10,FILEIO

291,Errors and Exceptions,19,ERR

292,Syntax Errors,291,ERR

293,Runtime Errors,291,ERR

294,Logic Errors,291,ERR

295,Exception Types,291,ERR

296,TypeError,295|27,ERR

297,ValueError,295|33,ERR

298,IndexError,295|92,ERR

299,KeyError,295|209,ERR

300,Try-Except Block,291,ERR

301,Multiple Except Blocks,300|295,ERR

302,Finally Block,300,ERR

303,Raising Exceptions,291,ERR

304,Custom Exceptions,303|232,ERR

305,Assertions,291|51,ERR

306,Testing,8|116,TEST

307,Manual Testing,306,TEST

308,Unit Testing,306,TEST

309,Test Cases,308,TEST

310,Assert Statements,305|308,TEST

311,Unittest Module,308|367,TEST

312,Test Functions,308|116,TEST

313,Edge Cases,309,TEST

314,Boundary Testing,313,TEST

315,Test-Driven Development,308,TEST

316,Debugging,291,TEST

317,Print Debugging,316|43,TEST

318,Debugger Tools,316,TEST

319,Breakpoints,318,TEST

320,Step Through Code,318,TEST

321,Code Tracing,66|316,TEST

322,Rubber Duck Debugging,316,TEST

323,Defensive Programming,316|300,TEST

324,Input Validation,44|300|68,TEST

325,Code Review,306|50,TEST

326,Algorithm Design,3|8,ALGO

327,Pseudocode,326,ALGO

328,Flowcharts,326,ALGO

329,Linear Search,326|166,ALGO

330,Binary Search,329|181|143,ALGO

331,Search Comparison,329|330|341,ALGO

332,Selection Sort,326|166|52,ALGO

333,Insertion Sort,326|166|52,ALGO

334,Merge Sort,326|5|151,ALGO

335,Merge Sort Recursion,334|143,ALGO

336,Sorting Comparison,332|333|334|341,ALGO

337,Stable vs Unstable Sort,332|333|334,ALGO

338,Algorithm Correctness,326,ALGO

339,Loop Invariants,338|75,ALGO

340,Big-O Notation,326,ALGO

341,Time Complexity,340,ALGO

342,Space Complexity,340,ALGO

343,Constant Time O(1),341,ALGO

344,Linear Time O(n),341,ALGO

345,Quadratic Time O(n^2),341|84,ALGO

346,Logarithmic Time O(log n),341|330,ALGO

347,Linearithmic Time,341|334,ALGO

348,Best Average Worst Case,341,ALGO

349,Empirical Analysis,341|306,ALGO

350,Counting Operations,341,ALGO

351,Brute Force Approach,326,ALGO

352,Divide and Conquer,326|5|143,ALGO

353,Greedy Algorithms,326,ALGO

354,Algorithm Tradeoffs,341|342,ALGO

355,Efficiency vs Readability,354|50,ALGO

356,Two Pointer Technique,326|151,ALGO

357,Sliding Window Pattern,326|151,ALGO

358,Frequency Counter Pattern,326|206,ALGO

359,Recursion in Algorithms,143|326,ALGO

360,Algorithm Visualization,326|328,ALGO

361,Software Development,1|8,SENG

362,Program Planning,361|5,SENG

363,Requirements Analysis,362,SENG

364,Modular Design,4|116|5,SENG

365,Code Organization,364,SENG

366,Import Statements,367,SENG

367,Python Modules,19|365,SENG

368,Python Packages,367,SENG

369,Pip Package Manager,368,SENG

370,Virtual Environments,369,SENG

371,Version Control Intro,361,SENG

372,Git Basics,371,SENG

373,Code Style,50,SENG

374,PEP 8 Guidelines,373|19,SENG

375,Linting Tools,374,SENG

376,Refactoring,365|50,SENG

377,DRY Principle,364,SENG

378,KISS Principle,364,SENG

379,Code Comments,23|50,SENG

380,Documentation,132|379,SENG

381,Generators,269|122,ADVPY

382,Yield Statement,381,ADVPY

383,Generator Expressions,381|163,ADVPY

384,Decorators,138|128,ADVPY

385,Closures,128|138,ADVPY

386,Args and Kwargs,120|206,ADVPY

387,Unpacking Operators,386|190,ADVPY

388,Walrus Operator,25|77,ADVPY

389,Type Hints,27|119,ADVPY

390,Type Annotations,389,ADVPY

391,Dataclasses,232|384,ADVPY

392,Enum Type,232,ADVPY

393,Regular Expressions,31|6,ADVPY

394,Collections Module,367|206|151,ADVPY

395,Itertools Module,367|269,ADVPY

396,Functools Module,367|138,ADVPY

397,List vs Generator Memory,151|381|342,ADVPY

398,Comprehension Patterns,163|216,ADVPY

399,Context Manager Protocol,285|270,ADVPY

400,Python Best Practices,374|50|377|378,ADVPY