diff --git a/packages/next/src/server/app-render/app-render.tsx b/packages/next/src/server/app-render/app-render.tsx
index a4627bc976..ed14ca5d15 100644
--- a/packages/next/src/server/app-render/app-render.tsx
+++ b/packages/next/src/server/app-render/app-render.tsx
@@ -131,7 +131,11 @@ import { createFlightRouterStateFromLoaderTree } from './create-flight-router-st
 import { handleAction } from './action-handler'
 import { isBailoutToCSRError } from '../../shared/lib/lazy-dynamic/bailout-to-csr'
 import { warn, error } from '../../build/output/log'
-import { appendMutableCookies } from '../web/spec-extension/adapters/request-cookies'
+import {
+  appendMutableCookies,
+  RequestCookiesAdapter,
+} from '../web/spec-extension/adapters/request-cookies'
+import { HeadersAdapter } from '../web/spec-extension/adapters/headers'
 import { createServerInsertedHTML } from './server-inserted-html'
 import { getRequiredScripts } from './required-scripts'
 import { addPathPrefix } from '../../shared/lib/router/utils/add-path-prefix'
@@ -1645,9 +1649,12 @@ async function prospectiveRuntimeServerPrerender(
     // No stage sequencing needed for prospective renders.
     stagedRendering: null,
     isSessionShell: isShellPrefetch,
-    // These are not present in regular prerenders, but allowed in a runtime prerender.
-    headers,
-    cookies,
+    // These are not present in regular prerenders, but allowed in a runtime
+    // prerender.
+    // Any cache keyed on headers() or cookies() needs to be invalidated.
+    // Otherwise some Next.js API semantics leak across render passes.
+    headers: HeadersAdapter.fresh(headers),
+    cookies: RequestCookiesAdapter.fresh(cookies),
     draftMode,
   }
 
@@ -1821,9 +1828,10 @@ async function finalRuntimeServerPrerender(
     varyParamsAccumulator,
     stagedRendering: finalStageController,
     isSessionShell: mode.type === 'session-shell-only',
-    // These are not present in regular prerenders, but allowed in a runtime prerender.
-    headers,
-    cookies,
+    // These are not present in regular prerenders, but allowed in a runtime
+    // prerender.
+    headers: HeadersAdapter.fresh(headers),
+    cookies: RequestCookiesAdapter.fresh(cookies),
     draftMode,
   }
 
diff --git a/packages/next/src/server/use-cache/use-cache-wrapper.ts b/packages/next/src/server/use-cache/use-cache-wrapper.ts
index 4427849a1e..71935aab3d 100644
--- a/packages/next/src/server/use-cache/use-cache-wrapper.ts
+++ b/packages/next/src/server/use-cache/use-cache-wrapper.ts
@@ -77,8 +77,14 @@ import {
 import type { CacheReadWriteHandler } from './tiered-cache-handler'
 import { cloneCacheEntry } from './clone-cache-entry'
 import { NEXT_INSTANT_TEST_COOKIE } from '../../client/components/app-router-headers'
-import type { ReadonlyRequestCookies } from '../web/spec-extension/adapters/request-cookies'
-import type { ReadonlyHeaders } from '../web/spec-extension/adapters/headers'
+import {
+  RequestCookiesAdapter,
+  type ReadonlyRequestCookies,
+} from '../web/spec-extension/adapters/request-cookies'
+import {
+  HeadersAdapter,
+  type ReadonlyHeaders,
+} from '../web/spec-extension/adapters/headers'
 import {
   NestedDynamicUseCacheError,
   UseCacheDeadlockError,
@@ -681,8 +687,11 @@ function createUseCacheStore(
       ),
       rootParams: outerWorkUnitStore.rootParams,
       readRootParamNames: process.env.__NEXT_DEV_SERVER ? new Set() : undefined,
-      headers: outerWorkUnitStore.headers,
-      cookies: outerWorkUnitStore.cookies,
+      // Every private cache scope is its own work unit. Any cache keyed on
+      // headers() or cookies() needs to be invalidated. Otherwise some
+      // Next.js API semantics leak across render passes.
+      headers: HeadersAdapter.fresh(outerWorkUnitStore.headers),
+      cookies: RequestCookiesAdapter.fresh(outerWorkUnitStore.cookies),
       outerOwnerStack: cacheContext.outerOwnerStack,
     }
   } else {
diff --git a/packages/next/src/server/web/spec-extension/adapters/headers.ts b/packages/next/src/server/web/spec-extension/adapters/headers.ts
index 1f5b313525..40a89df9f2 100644
--- a/packages/next/src/server/web/spec-extension/adapters/headers.ts
+++ b/packages/next/src/server/web/spec-extension/adapters/headers.ts
@@ -133,6 +133,18 @@ export class HeadersAdapter extends Headers {
     })
   }
 
+  /**
+   * @param headers
+   * @returns A fresh object identity backed by the original value
+   */
+  public static fresh(headers: ReadonlyHeaders): ReadonlyHeaders {
+    return new Proxy<ReadonlyHeaders>(headers, {
+      get(target, prop, receiver) {
+        return ReflectAdapter.get(target, prop, receiver)
+      },
+    })
+  }
+
   /**
    * Merges a header value into a string. This stores multiple values as an
    * array, so we need to merge them into a string.
diff --git a/packages/next/src/server/web/spec-extension/adapters/request-cookies.ts b/packages/next/src/server/web/spec-extension/adapters/request-cookies.ts
index 2120d7e5ab..aaa8488fd5 100644
--- a/packages/next/src/server/web/spec-extension/adapters/request-cookies.ts
+++ b/packages/next/src/server/web/spec-extension/adapters/request-cookies.ts
@@ -48,6 +48,18 @@ export class RequestCookiesAdapter {
       },
     })
   }
+
+  /**
+   * @param cookies
+   * @returns A fresh object identity backed by the original value
+   */
+  public static fresh(cookies: ReadonlyRequestCookies): ReadonlyRequestCookies {
+    return new Proxy(cookies, {
+      get(target, prop, receiver) {
+        return ReflectAdapter.get(target, prop, receiver)
+      },
+    })
+  }
 }
 
 const SYMBOL_MODIFY_COOKIE_VALUES = Symbol.for('next.mutated.cookies')