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README.md
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---
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language:
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viewer: false
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license: cc-by-4.0
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---
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> [!NOTE]
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> Dataset origin: https://www.ortolang.fr/market/corpora/ciensfo
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> # CIENSFO
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Corpus of Non-Standard Spoken French Subordinated Interrogatives (Corpus d'Interrogatives Enchâssées Non-Standards du Français Oral)
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## Corpus content
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This corpus contains transcriptions of spoken French sentences which exhibit non-standard subordinated interrogatives.
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ex. ma façon de voir les choses c'est de faire le bilan de [pause] c'est quoi notre expertise
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More precisely, five types of subordinated clauses are present:
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1. Interrogatives **dependent on a noun**
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* ex. moi je pouvais observer les différences de comment on était éduqués
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2. Interrogatives dependent on a verb and **introduced by a preposition**
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* ex. ça a pratiquement tout de suite reposé sur qu'est-ce qu'on va inventer comme femme [...]
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3. Interrogatives being **verbal adjunct**
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* ex. [...] ça peut être paronyme ou homonyme suivant comment vous le prononcez
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4. Subordinated interrogatives using a **non-standard form** (ex. a marker unexpected in subordination)
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* ex. avant ça je me pose jamais la question de est-ce que j'aime faire ça
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5. Interrogatives used **in a nominal context**
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* ex. avant de s'attaquer au à quoi ça sert commençons par le à quoi ça ne sert pas
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**TW:** Some sources mention sensitive questions (sex, sexism, etc.). Thus, some sentences may use explicit words.
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## Corpus elaboration
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This corpus is constituted with transcribed sentences personally observed by the authors. There are two kinds of sources.
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1. heard in a **personnal conversations**: sentences uttered by someone else, sometimes the author being an interlocutor, sometimes not
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2. from an **online** (often free) **material** (podcast, YouTube video, series, etc.)
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3. saw written on an online forum or in a text message
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4. sentences taken from the CEFC (see `cefc.tsv`)
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Sentences of type 2. are provided with a complete description of their source (title, author, publisher, URL, time code), so that it is possible to check the transcription and obtain the actual prosody.
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Sentences of type 1. were transcribed on the fly from a spontaneous conversation. There was no recording. Therefore, it is not possible to check the accuracy of the transcription nor to obtain the actual prosody. As a consequence, sentences of type 1. and 3. are little trustworthy. Please take that into account in your analyses.
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Type 1. and 3. sentences were taken from persons of various age (but mostly French young adults) bewteen June 2022 and November 2023. Type 2 sentences are mostly extracted from materials put online between 2018 and November 2023 by persons of various age (but mostly French adults).
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## Transcription choices
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Sentence segmentation is based on locutory units. A token `NAME` was substituted to proper names present in personal conversations.
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Transcription is performed using standard lexical spelling forms. In particular, silent `e`'s are not removed (ex. `tu as` instead of `t'as` for `/ta/`). However, "missing words" are not added back (ex. `y a` instead of `y'a` or `il y a` for `/ja/`). Punctuation and capital letters starting sentences are not considered. The transcription follows the 1990 French spelling reform.
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A `[pause]` symbol is added when there is a long enough pause between the predicate and the interrogative (only for type 2 sentences). Similarly, `euh`'s are not transcribed, except the ones close to the interrogative boarders.
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ex. [...] un de mes objectifs c'est de partager avec vous mes réflexions sur [pause] comment vous pouvez vous créer votre propre mindset
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A lot a extracts mentioned a list of interrogations following a first embedded interrogative. To avoid getting cumbersome lines, most of these additional interrogations were omitted.
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## Structure
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The main document `ciensfo.json` is a json file. It contains a list of records. Each record contains fields:
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* **id** (mandatory): unique sentence identifier
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* **source** (mandatory): json description of the source of the sentence
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* **time** (mandatory, except for type 1. and 2. sentences): time code of the online material `(hours:)minutes:seconds`
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* **text** (mandatory): transcription
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* **subtitles** (optional): official subtitles given by the publisher / author(s), they may differ from the transcription
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* **modality** (optional): `written` or `spoken`, when absent, `spoken` is default
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* **note** (optional): e.g. `ungrammatical, humoristic`, `maybe subrodinated exclamative`, `maybe free relative`, `maybe reported`
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* **variant** (optional): variant of French, e.g. `Québec`, `Belgium`, when absent, default is European French
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The source field has the following fields:
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* **id** (mandatory): unique material identifier
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* **title** (mandatory)
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* **type** (mandatory): among:
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* type 1.: `conversation`, `scientific_conference`
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* type 2.: `online_podcast`, `series_epidose`, `radio_programme`, `recorded_speech`, `comedy_video`, `interview_video`, `newspaper_video`, `popularization_video`, `position_video`, `documentary_video`, `music`, `FAQ_video`, `tv_programme`
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* type 3.: `online_forum`, `comics`, `text_message`
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* **date** (mandatory): online publication date, vector date format ``[[year:month:day]]`` (may be underspecified)
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* **duration** (mandatory): `(hours:)minutes:seconds`
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* **publisher** (optional)
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* **catalog** (optional)
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* **authors** (mandatory): the authors on the list may be identified by their given name, family name, literal name (ex. YouTube channel) or a mix of them
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* **URL** (optional)
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* **accessed** (mandatory, except for written): vector date format
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* **page** (optional)
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* **pages** (optional)
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* **booktitle** (optional)
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* **series** (optional)
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* **volume** (optional)
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* **ISSN** (optional)
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Type 1. and 3. sentences only have source fields `id` and `type`.
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Note that the person saying the extracted sentence may not always be one of the authors, but e.g. an interviewed person.
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When some sentences are extracted from the same material, the source field of subsequent sentences may only contain the `id` field. Therefore, the couple "source" "id" + "time" (or just "source" "id" for type 1 sentences) constitute another possible unique sentence identifier.
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## Annotation
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The file `classification_ciensfo.csv` contains, for each occurrence of a non-standard subordinated interrogatve, annotations about syntactic features. Theses labels have been added by hand.
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Columns:
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1. **sentence id**, if a sentence has several of such patterns, we add a dot and a second id. (e.g `14.1`, `14.2`). The id of CEFC sentences begins with a `c`
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2. **sentence type**: 1, 2 or 3
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3. **dependent on a noun**: if so, the field contains the lemma of the noun
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4. **dependent on an adjective**: if so, the field contains the lemma of the adjective
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5. **dependent on a verb (includes semi-fixed verbal expressions)**: if so, the field contains the lemma of the predicate (or `CONJ` if it is conjuncted with the previous interrogative in the same sentence)
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6. **negated**: if dependent on a verb or attribute adjective, 1 if the predicate is negated or 0 is not
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7. **adverbial adjunct clause**: if the interrogative is an adverbial modifier clause, the field contains the preposition(al locution) introducing it
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8. **introducing preposition**: ("/" if no preposition)
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9. **graft**: if the interrogative is a graft, the field contains the preceding word, typicaly a preposition or a determiner
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10. **non-standard type**: if applicable:
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* `qecq`: occurrence of *qu'est-ce que/qui*
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* `ecq`: *est-ce que* instead of *si* or *WH + est-ce que* other than *qu'est-ce que/qui*
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* `in-situ`: e.g *c'est quoi*
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* `spp`: suffixed personal pronoun (aka. subject -verb inversion)
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11. **WH**: interrogative word lemma
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12. **WH 2**: second interrogative word lemma, if applicable
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13. **marker**: interrogative marker
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14. **marker**: additional morphosyntactic phenomenon which can hint at interrogativeness, e.g. *oui ou non*, *ou pas*, *ou non*
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15. **class**: class according to [Coveney 2011]
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16. **additional note**, e.g. `ungrammatical, humoristic`, `maybe subrodinated exclamative`, `maybe free relative`, `maybe reported`
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Note: columns 3, 4, 5 and 7 may contain the token `CONJ` to indicate that the interrogative is conjuncted with the previous line, under the same governor.
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### Extended Coveney classification
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The classification `type` (direct interrogatives only) is based on:
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> Aidan Coveney. 2011. L’interrogation directe. Travaux de linguistique, 63(2):112–145. De Boeck Supérieur.
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We extend it to account for infinitival interrogatives, subordinated interrogatives, nominal and elliptical interrogatives.
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**Note:** Contrary to [Coveney 2011], `stats.py` considers expression *qu'est-ce que/qui* as an interrogative word, and not as `Q` + *est-ce que* pattern.
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The list of categories is:
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* yes-no interrogatives:
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* `ESV`: 'est-ce que', e.g. *Est-ce que les autres / ils sont partis ?*
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* `V-CL`: clitic inversion, e.g. *Sont-ils partis ?*
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* `GN V-CL`: complex inversion, e.g. *Les autres sont-ils partis ?*
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* `SV-ti`: '-ti' marker, *C'est-ti pas fini ?*
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* constituent (fr. partielle):
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* `SVQ`: in situ, e.g. *Ils sont partis où ?*
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* `QSV`: fronting (fr. antéposition), e.g. *Où ils sont partis ?*
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* `QV-CL`: qu + clitic inversion, e.g. *Où sont-ils partis ?*
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* `Q GN V-CL`: qu + complex inversion, e.g. *Où les autres sont-ils partis ?*
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* `QV GN`: qu + stylistic inversion, e.g. *Où sont partis les autres ?*
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* `seQkSV`: cleft, e.g. *C’est où qu’ils sont partis ?*
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* `QESV`: qu + 'est-ce que', e.g. *Où est-ce qu’ils sont partis ?*
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* `QsekSV`: qu + cleft variant, e.g. *Où c’est qu’ils sont partis ?*
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* `QkSV`: qu + complementizer, e.g. *Où qu’ils sont partis ?*
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* `Q=S V`: subject qu, e.g. *Lesquels sont partis ?*
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* hybrid (non-standard)
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* `QEV GN`: qu+ 'est-ce que' + stylistic inversion, e.g. *Avec qui est-ce que travaille nicole Dupont ?*
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* `Q=S V-CL`: subject qu + clitic inversion, e.g. *De ces fillettes, lesquelles sont-elles les tiennes ?*
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* `E GN V-CL`: 'est-ce que' + complex inversion, e.g. *Est-ce que demain les sauveteurs pourront-ils s’approcher des alpinistes en détresse ?*
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* `QE GN V-CL`: qu + 'est-ce que' + complex inversion e.g. *Qu’est-ce que le rédacteur de la rubrique des chats écrasés entend-il par un pachyderme ?*
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Our extension includes:
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* other case
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* `Q=S sekV`: subject qu + cleft *c'est qui* + verb, e.g. *Qui c'est qui diffuse ça ?*
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* infinitival
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* `QVinf`: qu + infinitival verb, e.g. *Où partir ?*
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* `Vinf Q`: infinitival verb + in-situ qu, e.g. *Pour partir où ?*
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* `QsekVinf`: qu + cleft variant + infinitival verb, e.g. *Qu'est-ce que c'est qu'être une fille ?*
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* multiple qu-words
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* `Q=S VQ`: double qu-interrogative with one qu subject, e.g. *Qui veut intervenir dans quoi ?*
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* `QSVQ`: double qu-interrogative, e.g. *Combien d'infanteries tu envoies sur quelle planète ?*
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* `QVinf QQ`: triple qu-interrogative + infinitival verb, e.g. *Qui inviter à quel endroit sur quel sujet ?*
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* Nominal or elliptical
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* `Q GN`: qu + noun phrase, e.g. *Pourquoi Angiox ?*
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* `Qsek GN`: qu + cleft variant + noun phrase, e.g. *Qu'est-ce que c'est que l'énergie ?*
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* `Q`: elliptical qu (interrogative phrase alone), e.g. *Où ?*
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* embedded yes-no
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* `si SV`: 'si', e.g. *Je sais s'ils sont partis.*
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* other regional variants
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* `SV-tu`: '-tu' marker, *C'est-tu vraiment si pire que ça ?*
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## Corpus searches
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The pattern created to search for interrogative adverbial modifier clauses use [Grew](https://grew.fr/) (v. >= 1.14). Request files and found sentences are in the `searches` folder.
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* `fib_comp_prep.req` used on the [FIB](https://github.com/Valentin-D-Richard/UD_French-FIB) (on the enriched version)
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* `orfeo_prep_int.req` used on the [CEFC corpus](https://orfeo.grew.fr/?corpus=cefc-gold)
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The raw results can be found in the json files for the FIB and in the `CEFC_found` folder for the CEFC. The files with `_0` ending contain the pattern with the preposition immediately preceding the QU-word or morphosyntactic marking. The files with `_1` ending, where there is one word in between.
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## License
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The data is collected under the Right to quote. It is distributed under the Creative Common [CC-BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) license.
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## Publication
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Please cite this publication to mention CIENSFO.
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Richard, V. D. (2024). “selon coment vous vous positionnez” : Étude des circonstancielles à interrogative. to appear in 9e Congrès Mondial de Linguistique Française, Lausanne.
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## Citation
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```
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@misc{11403/ciensfo/v1,
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title = {CIENSFO (Corpus d'Interrogatives Enchâssées Non-Standards du Fran\c{c}ais Oral)},
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author = {Valentin D. Richard},
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url = {https://hdl.handle.net/11403/ciensfo/v1},
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note = {{ORTOLANG} ({Open} {Resources} {and} {TOols} {for} {LANGuage}) \textendash www.ortolang.fr},
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copyright = {Licence Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0 International},
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year = {2024}
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}
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```
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---
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+
language:
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+
- fra
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+
viewer: false
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+
license: cc-by-4.0
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+
---
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+
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+
> [!NOTE]
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+
> Dataset origin: https://www.ortolang.fr/market/corpora/ciensfo
|
| 10 |
+
|
| 11 |
+
|
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+
> # CIENSFO
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| 13 |
+
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| 14 |
+
Corpus of Non-Standard Spoken French Subordinated Interrogatives (Corpus d'Interrogatives Enchâssées Non-Standards du Français Oral)
|
| 15 |
+
|
| 16 |
+
## Corpus content
|
| 17 |
+
|
| 18 |
+
This corpus contains transcriptions of spoken French sentences which exhibit non-standard subordinated interrogatives.
|
| 19 |
+
|
| 20 |
+
ex. ma façon de voir les choses c'est de faire le bilan de [pause] c'est quoi notre expertise
|
| 21 |
+
|
| 22 |
+
More precisely, five types of subordinated clauses are present:
|
| 23 |
+
|
| 24 |
+
1. Interrogatives **dependent on a noun**
|
| 25 |
+
* ex. moi je pouvais observer les différences de comment on était éduqués
|
| 26 |
+
|
| 27 |
+
2. Interrogatives dependent on a verb and **introduced by a preposition**
|
| 28 |
+
* ex. ça a pratiquement tout de suite reposé sur qu'est-ce qu'on va inventer comme femme [...]
|
| 29 |
+
|
| 30 |
+
3. Interrogatives being **verbal adjunct**
|
| 31 |
+
* ex. [...] ça peut être paronyme ou homonyme suivant comment vous le prononcez
|
| 32 |
+
|
| 33 |
+
4. Subordinated interrogatives using a **non-standard form** (ex. a marker unexpected in subordination)
|
| 34 |
+
* ex. avant ça je me pose jamais la question de est-ce que j'aime faire ça
|
| 35 |
+
|
| 36 |
+
5. Interrogatives used **in a nominal context**
|
| 37 |
+
* ex. avant de s'attaquer au à quoi ça sert commençons par le à quoi ça ne sert pas
|
| 38 |
+
|
| 39 |
+
**TW:** Some sources mention sensitive questions (sex, sexism, etc.). Thus, some sentences may use explicit words.
|
| 40 |
+
|
| 41 |
+
## Corpus elaboration
|
| 42 |
+
|
| 43 |
+
This corpus is constituted with transcribed sentences personally observed by the authors. There are two kinds of sources.
|
| 44 |
+
|
| 45 |
+
1. heard in a **personnal conversations**: sentences uttered by someone else, sometimes the author being an interlocutor, sometimes not
|
| 46 |
+
2. from an **online** (often free) **material** (podcast, YouTube video, series, etc.)
|
| 47 |
+
3. saw written on an online forum or in a text message
|
| 48 |
+
4. sentences taken from the CEFC (see `cefc.tsv`)
|
| 49 |
+
|
| 50 |
+
Sentences of type 2. are provided with a complete description of their source (title, author, publisher, URL, time code), so that it is possible to check the transcription and obtain the actual prosody.
|
| 51 |
+
|
| 52 |
+
Sentences of type 1. were transcribed on the fly from a spontaneous conversation. There was no recording. Therefore, it is not possible to check the accuracy of the transcription nor to obtain the actual prosody. As a consequence, sentences of type 1. and 3. are little trustworthy. Please take that into account in your analyses.
|
| 53 |
+
|
| 54 |
+
Type 1. and 3. sentences were taken from persons of various age (but mostly French young adults) bewteen June 2022 and November 2023. Type 2 sentences are mostly extracted from materials put online between 2018 and November 2023 by persons of various age (but mostly French adults).
|
| 55 |
+
|
| 56 |
+
## Transcription choices
|
| 57 |
+
|
| 58 |
+
Sentence segmentation is based on locutory units. A token `NAME` was substituted to proper names present in personal conversations.
|
| 59 |
+
|
| 60 |
+
Transcription is performed using standard lexical spelling forms. In particular, silent `e`'s are not removed (ex. `tu as` instead of `t'as` for `/ta/`). However, "missing words" are not added back (ex. `y a` instead of `y'a` or `il y a` for `/ja/`). Punctuation and capital letters starting sentences are not considered. The transcription follows the 1990 French spelling reform.
|
| 61 |
+
|
| 62 |
+
A `[pause]` symbol is added when there is a long enough pause between the predicate and the interrogative (only for type 2 sentences). Similarly, `euh`'s are not transcribed, except the ones close to the interrogative boarders.
|
| 63 |
+
|
| 64 |
+
ex. [...] un de mes objectifs c'est de partager avec vous mes réflexions sur [pause] comment vous pouvez vous créer votre propre mindset
|
| 65 |
+
|
| 66 |
+
A lot a extracts mentioned a list of interrogations following a first embedded interrogative. To avoid getting cumbersome lines, most of these additional interrogations were omitted.
|
| 67 |
+
|
| 68 |
+
## Structure
|
| 69 |
+
|
| 70 |
+
The main document `ciensfo.json` is a json file. It contains a list of records. Each record contains fields:
|
| 71 |
+
* **id** (mandatory): unique sentence identifier
|
| 72 |
+
* **source** (mandatory): json description of the source of the sentence
|
| 73 |
+
* **time** (mandatory, except for type 1. and 2. sentences): time code of the online material `(hours:)minutes:seconds`
|
| 74 |
+
* **text** (mandatory): transcription
|
| 75 |
+
* **subtitles** (optional): official subtitles given by the publisher / author(s), they may differ from the transcription
|
| 76 |
+
* **modality** (optional): `written` or `spoken`, when absent, `spoken` is default
|
| 77 |
+
* **note** (optional): e.g. `ungrammatical, humoristic`, `maybe subrodinated exclamative`, `maybe free relative`, `maybe reported`
|
| 78 |
+
* **variant** (optional): variant of French, e.g. `Québec`, `Belgium`, when absent, default is European French
|
| 79 |
+
|
| 80 |
+
The source field has the following fields:
|
| 81 |
+
* **id** (mandatory): unique material identifier
|
| 82 |
+
* **title** (mandatory)
|
| 83 |
+
* **type** (mandatory): among:
|
| 84 |
+
* type 1.: `conversation`, `scientific_conference`
|
| 85 |
+
* type 2.: `online_podcast`, `series_epidose`, `radio_programme`, `recorded_speech`, `comedy_video`, `interview_video`, `newspaper_video`, `popularization_video`, `position_video`, `documentary_video`, `music`, `FAQ_video`, `tv_programme`
|
| 86 |
+
* type 3.: `online_forum`, `comics`, `text_message`
|
| 87 |
+
* **date** (mandatory): online publication date, vector date format ``[[year:month:day]]`` (may be underspecified)
|
| 88 |
+
* **duration** (mandatory): `(hours:)minutes:seconds`
|
| 89 |
+
* **publisher** (optional)
|
| 90 |
+
* **catalog** (optional)
|
| 91 |
+
* **authors** (mandatory): the authors on the list may be identified by their given name, family name, literal name (ex. YouTube channel) or a mix of them
|
| 92 |
+
* **URL** (optional)
|
| 93 |
+
* **accessed** (mandatory, except for written): vector date format
|
| 94 |
+
* **page** (optional)
|
| 95 |
+
* **pages** (optional)
|
| 96 |
+
* **booktitle** (optional)
|
| 97 |
+
* **series** (optional)
|
| 98 |
+
* **volume** (optional)
|
| 99 |
+
* **ISSN** (optional)
|
| 100 |
+
|
| 101 |
+
Type 1. and 3. sentences only have source fields `id` and `type`.
|
| 102 |
+
|
| 103 |
+
Note that the person saying the extracted sentence may not always be one of the authors, but e.g. an interviewed person.
|
| 104 |
+
|
| 105 |
+
When some sentences are extracted from the same material, the source field of subsequent sentences may only contain the `id` field. Therefore, the couple "source" "id" + "time" (or just "source" "id" for type 1 sentences) constitute another possible unique sentence identifier.
|
| 106 |
+
|
| 107 |
+
## Annotation
|
| 108 |
+
|
| 109 |
+
The file `classification_ciensfo.csv` contains, for each occurrence of a non-standard subordinated interrogatve, annotations about syntactic features. Theses labels have been added by hand.
|
| 110 |
+
|
| 111 |
+
Columns:
|
| 112 |
+
1. **sentence id**, if a sentence has several of such patterns, we add a dot and a second id. (e.g `14.1`, `14.2`). The id of CEFC sentences begins with a `c`
|
| 113 |
+
2. **sentence type**: 1, 2 or 3
|
| 114 |
+
3. **dependent on a noun**: if so, the field contains the lemma of the noun
|
| 115 |
+
4. **dependent on an adjective**: if so, the field contains the lemma of the adjective
|
| 116 |
+
5. **dependent on a verb (includes semi-fixed verbal expressions)**: if so, the field contains the lemma of the predicate (or `CONJ` if it is conjuncted with the previous interrogative in the same sentence)
|
| 117 |
+
6. **negated**: if dependent on a verb or attribute adjective, 1 if the predicate is negated or 0 is not
|
| 118 |
+
7. **adverbial adjunct clause**: if the interrogative is an adverbial modifier clause, the field contains the preposition(al locution) introducing it
|
| 119 |
+
8. **introducing preposition**: ("/" if no preposition)
|
| 120 |
+
9. **graft**: if the interrogative is a graft, the field contains the preceding word, typicaly a preposition or a determiner
|
| 121 |
+
10. **non-standard type**: if applicable:
|
| 122 |
+
* `qecq`: occurrence of *qu'est-ce que/qui*
|
| 123 |
+
* `ecq`: *est-ce que* instead of *si* or *WH + est-ce que* other than *qu'est-ce que/qui*
|
| 124 |
+
* `in-situ`: e.g *c'est quoi*
|
| 125 |
+
* `spp`: suffixed personal pronoun (aka. subject -verb inversion)
|
| 126 |
+
11. **WH**: interrogative word lemma
|
| 127 |
+
12. **WH 2**: second interrogative word lemma, if applicable
|
| 128 |
+
13. **marker**: interrogative marker
|
| 129 |
+
14. **marker**: additional morphosyntactic phenomenon which can hint at interrogativeness, e.g. *oui ou non*, *ou pas*, *ou non*
|
| 130 |
+
15. **class**: class according to [Coveney 2011]
|
| 131 |
+
16. **additional note**, e.g. `ungrammatical, humoristic`, `maybe subrodinated exclamative`, `maybe free relative`, `maybe reported`
|
| 132 |
+
|
| 133 |
+
Note: columns 3, 4, 5 and 7 may contain the token `CONJ` to indicate that the interrogative is conjuncted with the previous line, under the same governor.
|
| 134 |
+
|
| 135 |
+
### Extended Coveney classification
|
| 136 |
+
|
| 137 |
+
The classification `type` (direct interrogatives only) is based on:
|
| 138 |
+
|
| 139 |
+
> Aidan Coveney. 2011. L’interrogation directe. Travaux de linguistique, 63(2):112–145. De Boeck Supérieur.
|
| 140 |
+
|
| 141 |
+
We extend it to account for infinitival interrogatives, subordinated interrogatives, nominal and elliptical interrogatives.
|
| 142 |
+
|
| 143 |
+
**Note:** Contrary to [Coveney 2011], `stats.py` considers expression *qu'est-ce que/qui* as an interrogative word, and not as `Q` + *est-ce que* pattern.
|
| 144 |
+
|
| 145 |
+
The list of categories is:
|
| 146 |
+
* yes-no interrogatives:
|
| 147 |
+
* `ESV`: 'est-ce que', e.g. *Est-ce que les autres / ils sont partis ?*
|
| 148 |
+
* `V-CL`: clitic inversion, e.g. *Sont-ils partis ?*
|
| 149 |
+
* `GN V-CL`: complex inversion, e.g. *Les autres sont-ils partis ?*
|
| 150 |
+
* `SV-ti`: '-ti' marker, *C'est-ti pas fini ?*
|
| 151 |
+
* constituent (fr. partielle):
|
| 152 |
+
* `SVQ`: in situ, e.g. *Ils sont partis où ?*
|
| 153 |
+
* `QSV`: fronting (fr. antéposition), e.g. *Où ils sont partis ?*
|
| 154 |
+
* `QV-CL`: qu + clitic inversion, e.g. *Où sont-ils partis ?*
|
| 155 |
+
* `Q GN V-CL`: qu + complex inversion, e.g. *Où les autres sont-ils partis ?*
|
| 156 |
+
* `QV GN`: qu + stylistic inversion, e.g. *Où sont partis les autres ?*
|
| 157 |
+
* `seQkSV`: cleft, e.g. *C’est où qu’ils sont partis ?*
|
| 158 |
+
* `QESV`: qu + 'est-ce que', e.g. *Où est-ce qu’ils sont partis ?*
|
| 159 |
+
* `QsekSV`: qu + cleft variant, e.g. *Où c’est qu’ils sont partis ?*
|
| 160 |
+
* `QkSV`: qu + complementizer, e.g. *Où qu’ils sont partis ?*
|
| 161 |
+
* `Q=S V`: subject qu, e.g. *Lesquels sont partis ?*
|
| 162 |
+
* hybrid (non-standard)
|
| 163 |
+
* `QEV GN`: qu+ 'est-ce que' + stylistic inversion, e.g. *Avec qui est-ce que travaille nicole Dupont ?*
|
| 164 |
+
* `Q=S V-CL`: subject qu + clitic inversion, e.g. *De ces fillettes, lesquelles sont-elles les tiennes ?*
|
| 165 |
+
* `E GN V-CL`: 'est-ce que' + complex inversion, e.g. *Est-ce que demain les sauveteurs pourront-ils s’approcher des alpinistes en détresse ?*
|
| 166 |
+
* `QE GN V-CL`: qu + 'est-ce que' + complex inversion e.g. *Qu’est-ce que le rédacteur de la rubrique des chats écrasés entend-il par un pachyderme ?*
|
| 167 |
+
|
| 168 |
+
Our extension includes:
|
| 169 |
+
* other case
|
| 170 |
+
* `Q=S sekV`: subject qu + cleft *c'est qui* + verb, e.g. *Qui c'est qui diffuse ça ?*
|
| 171 |
+
* infinitival
|
| 172 |
+
* `QVinf`: qu + infinitival verb, e.g. *Où partir ?*
|
| 173 |
+
* `Vinf Q`: infinitival verb + in-situ qu, e.g. *Pour partir où ?*
|
| 174 |
+
* `QsekVinf`: qu + cleft variant + infinitival verb, e.g. *Qu'est-ce que c'est qu'être une fille ?*
|
| 175 |
+
* multiple qu-words
|
| 176 |
+
* `Q=S VQ`: double qu-interrogative with one qu subject, e.g. *Qui veut intervenir dans quoi ?*
|
| 177 |
+
* `QSVQ`: double qu-interrogative, e.g. *Combien d'infanteries tu envoies sur quelle planète ?*
|
| 178 |
+
* `QVinf QQ`: triple qu-interrogative + infinitival verb, e.g. *Qui inviter à quel endroit sur quel sujet ?*
|
| 179 |
+
* Nominal or elliptical
|
| 180 |
+
* `Q GN`: qu + noun phrase, e.g. *Pourquoi Angiox ?*
|
| 181 |
+
* `Qsek GN`: qu + cleft variant + noun phrase, e.g. *Qu'est-ce que c'est que l'énergie ?*
|
| 182 |
+
* `Q`: elliptical qu (interrogative phrase alone), e.g. *Où ?*
|
| 183 |
+
* embedded yes-no
|
| 184 |
+
* `si SV`: 'si', e.g. *Je sais s'ils sont partis.*
|
| 185 |
+
* other regional variants
|
| 186 |
+
* `SV-tu`: '-tu' marker, *C'est-tu vraiment si pire que ça ?*
|
| 187 |
+
|
| 188 |
+
## Corpus searches
|
| 189 |
+
|
| 190 |
+
The pattern created to search for interrogative adverbial modifier clauses use [Grew](https://grew.fr/) (v. >= 1.14). Request files and found sentences are in the `searches` folder.
|
| 191 |
+
|
| 192 |
+
* `fib_comp_prep.req` used on the [FIB](https://github.com/Valentin-D-Richard/UD_French-FIB) (on the enriched version)
|
| 193 |
+
* `orfeo_prep_int.req` used on the [CEFC corpus](https://orfeo.grew.fr/?corpus=cefc-gold)
|
| 194 |
+
|
| 195 |
+
The raw results can be found in the json files for the FIB and in the `CEFC_found` folder for the CEFC. The files with `_0` ending contain the pattern with the preposition immediately preceding the QU-word or morphosyntactic marking. The files with `_1` ending, where there is one word in between.
|
| 196 |
+
|
| 197 |
+
## License
|
| 198 |
+
|
| 199 |
+
The data is collected under the Right to quote. It is distributed under the Creative Common [CC-BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) license.
|
| 200 |
+
|
| 201 |
+
## Publication
|
| 202 |
+
|
| 203 |
+
Please cite this publication to mention CIENSFO.
|
| 204 |
+
|
| 205 |
+
Richard, V. D. (2024). “selon coment vous vous positionnez” : Étude des circonstancielles à interrogative. to appear in 9e Congrès Mondial de Linguistique Française, Lausanne.
|
| 206 |
+
|
| 207 |
+
## Citation
|
| 208 |
+
|
| 209 |
+
```
|
| 210 |
+
@misc{11403/ciensfo/v1,
|
| 211 |
+
title = {CIENSFO (Corpus d'Interrogatives Enchâssées Non-Standards du Fran\c{c}ais Oral)},
|
| 212 |
+
author = {Valentin D. Richard},
|
| 213 |
+
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/11403/ciensfo/v1},
|
| 214 |
+
note = {{ORTOLANG} ({Open} {Resources} {and} {TOols} {for} {LANGuage}) \textendash www.ortolang.fr},
|
| 215 |
+
copyright = {Licence Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0 International},
|
| 216 |
+
year = {2024}
|
| 217 |
+
}
|
| 218 |
```
|