Attribution 4.0 International Institut de l’information scientifique et technique (Inist) - CNRS/UAR76 Institute for scientific and technical information (Inist) - CNRS/UAR76 Institut de l’information scientifique et technique (Inist) - CNRS/UAR76 Institute for scientific and technical information (Inist) - CNRS/UAR76 Frank Arnould Le thésaurus de la psychologie cognitive de la mémoire humaine, développé à l’Inist-CNRS, est une ressource terminologique bilingue (français-anglais) qui répertorie les concepts issus de la recherche cognitive sur la mémoire humaine (systèmes et processus mnésiques, effets empiriques, troubles de la mémoire, méthodes d’étude et mesures, théories et modèles). Les entrées terminologiques du thésaurus sont organisées sous forme de relations hiérarchiques (termes génériques et spécifiques), d’équivalence (synonymes) et d’association. La majorité des concepts est accompagnée d’une définition et d’une bibliographie sélective. Notes, variables modératrices, citations de jeux de données ouverts et d’études de réplication documentent certaines entrées. D’autres propriétés spécifient les relations sémantiques entre concepts : • « outil diagnostic de » / « a pour outil diagnostic » ; • « trouble de » / « perturbé dans » ; • « mesure de » / « mesuré par » ; • « méthode d’étude de » / « a pour méthode d’étude » ; • « modèle de » / « a pour modèle » ; • « théorie de » / « a pour théorie » ; • « composant de » / « a pour composant ». La ressource est alignée avec le Cognitive Atlas (https://www.cognitiveatlas.org/), le thésaurus MeSH bilingue (http://mesh.inserm.fr/FrenchMesh/), le thésaurus SAGE (https://concepts.sagepub.com/vocabularies/social-science/en/), Wikipédia (https://fr.wikipedia.org/), Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org/), l’ontologie Foundational Model of Anatomy (http://www.si.washington.edu/projects/fma), UBERON (http://uberon.github.io/), Scholarpedia (http://scholarpedia.org/article/Main_Page), le thésaurus Santé Psy (https://skosmos.loterre.fr/2CX/fr/), l’ontologie Neuro Behavior Ontology (https://ontobee.org/ontology/NBO) et le vocabulaire FRANCIS de philosophie (https://www.loterre.fr/skosmos/73G/fr/). The Thesaurus of the Cognitive Psychology of Human Memory, developed at Inist-CNRS, is a bilingual (French-English) terminological resource covering concepts from the cognitive research on human memory (memory systems and processes, empirical effects, memory disorders, study methods and measurements, theories and models). The terminological entries are organized in the form of hierarchical (generic and specific terms), equivalence (synonyms) and associative relationships. Most terms are accompanied by a definition and a selective bibliography. Notes, moderator variables, citations of open datasets and replication studies document some entries. Other properties specify the semantic relationships between concepts: • "is diagnostic tool of" / "has diagnostic tool"; • "is disorder of" / "is impaired in"; • "is measure of" / "measured by"; • "is study method of" / "has study method"; • "is model of" / "has model"; • "is theory of" / "has theory"; • "is component of" / "has component". The resource is mapped to the Cognitive Atlas (https://www.cognitiveatlas.org/), the bilingual MeSH thesaurus (http://mesh.inserm.fr/FrenchMesh/), the SAGE thesaurus (https://concepts.sagepub.com/vocabularies/social-science/en/), Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/), Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org/), the Foundational Model of Anatomy ontology (http://www.si.washington.edu/projects/fma), UBERON (http://uberon.github.io/), Scholarpedia (http://scholarpedia.org/article/Main_Page), the SantéPsy thesaurus (https://skosmos.loterre.fr/2CX/fr/), the Neuro Behaviour Ontology (https://ontobee.org/ontology/NBO) and the FRANCIS Vocabulary of Philosophy (https://www.loterre.fr/skosmos/73G/en/). https://dx.doi.org/10.13143/lotr.5330 Thesaurus Cognitive psychology of human memory Thésaurus Psychologie cognitive de la mémoire humaine 2014-01-01 2023-09-11 Cette ressource contient 1350 entrées terminologiques regroupées en 20 collections. This resource contains 1350 terminological entries grouped into 20 collections. 2.3 Frank Arnould 2021-07-05 2023-09-04 "A quality is an attribute that is intrinsically associated with its bearer (or its parts), but whose presence/absence and observed/measured value may vary." (source: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000005) « Une qualité est un attribut qui est intrinsèquement associé à son porteur (ou à ses parties), mais dont la présence/absence et la valeur observée/mesurée peuvent varier. » (source : http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000005) qualities qualités quality qualité Frank Arnould 2020-11-02 2023-09-04 "A material entity is a physical entity that is spatially extended, exists as a whole at any point in time and has mass." (source: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000004) « Une entité matérielle est une entité physique qui s'étend dans l'espace, existe en tant que tout, à tout moment, et possède une masse. » (source : http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000004) entités matérielles material entities entité matérielle material entity Frank Arnould Arp, R., Smith, B., & Spear, A. D. (2015). Building ontologies with Basic Formal Ontology. MIT Press. 2021-07-06 2023-09-04 A process is "an occurrent entity that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts, and always depends on some (at least one) material entity." (Arp et al., 2015, p.121). Un processus est « une entité occurrente qui existe dans le temps en se produisant ou en se déroulant, qui possède des parties temporelles, et qui dépend toujours d'au moins une entité matérielle. » (Arp et al., 2015, p.121). processes process processus Frank Arnould Maier, M., Dongen, N. van, & Borsboom, D. (in press). Comparing theories with the Ising Model of Explanatory Coherence (IMEC). Psychological Methods. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000543 2021-07-05 2023-09-04 effet empirique empirical effect empirical generalization general empirical observation généralisation empirique observation empirique générale "Phenomena are general and stable features of nature, which scientists seek to explain [...]. We tend to identify phenomena as general patterns in data — structures that are observed across datasets — which, in psychology, are often called ’effects.’" (Maier et al., in press). « Les phénomènes sont des caractéristiques générales et stables de la nature, que les scientifiques cherchent à expliquer […]. Nous avons tendance à identifier les phénomènes à des motifs généraux dans les données — structures qui sont observées à travers des jeux de données — qui, en psychologie, sont souvent appelés "effets“ » (Maier et al., à paraître). effets empiriques empirical effects empirical generalisation empirical generalisations empirical generalizations general empirical observations généralisations empiriques observations empiriques générales phenomena phénomènes phenomenon phénomène Frank Arnould 2021-06-18 2023-09-04 entité informationnelle entité à contenu d'information entité à contenu informationnel information content entity An artifactual entity that is about some thing. Entité artéfactuelle qui est à propos de quelque chose. entités d'information entités informationnelles entités à contenu d'information entités à contenu informationnel information content entities information entities entité d'information information entity Frank Arnould Choi, S., & Fara, M. (2021). Dispositions. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2021). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2021/entries/dispositions/ 2021-06-02 2023-09-04 capability capacité fonction function potentiality potentialité A disposition is the tendency of a capability to be exhibited under certain conditions or in response to a certain stimulus (trigger). (Source: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000014 ). Une disposition est la tendance d'une capacité à se manifester dans certaines conditions ou en réponse à un certain stimulus (déclencheur). (Source : http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000014 ). capabilities capacités dispositions dispositions fonctions functions potentialities potentialités disposition disposition Frank Arnould 2021-09-02 2022-09-14 cognitive qualities qualités cognitives cognitive quality qualité cognitive 2021-06-24 2022-01-13 objects objets object objet Frank Arnould 2020-11-02 2022-01-13 biological entity entité biologique "A biological entity is a heterogeneous substance that contains genomic material or is the product of a biological process." (source: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_010046) « Une entité biologique est une substance hétérogène qui contient du matériel génétique ou qui est le produit d'un processus biologique. » (source : http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_010046 ) biological entities biological material entities entités biologiques entités matérielles biologiques biological material entity entité matérielle biologique 2023-03-07 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Multidisciplinaire Multidisciplinary Animal Animal Homme Human development développement developmental process processus développemental 2021-07-06 2023-09-04 "A process that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification." (source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011) "Processus qui réalise un plan, lequel est la concrétisation d'une spécification d'un plan." (source : http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011) planned processes processus planifiés planned process processus planifié Frank Arnould 2020-04-21 2023-09-04 neurophysiological processes processus neurophysiologiques neurophysiological process processus neurophysiologique Newen, A. (2017). What are cognitive processes? An example-based approach. Synthese, 194(11), 4251–4268. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-015-0812-3 2021-07-06 Frank Arnould 2023-09-04 cognitive processing information processing traitement cognitif traitement de l'information A process that realizes a cognitive disposition. Processus qui réalise une disposition cognitive. cognitive processes processus cognitifs traitement des informations cognitive process processus cognitif Frank Arnould 2022-01-25 2023-09-04 emotion processing emotional process emotional processing emotional state traitement émotionnel état émotionnel A process that realizes an emotion. Processus qui réalise une émotion. emotion processes emotional processes emotional states processus émotionnels états émotionnels emotion process processus émotionnel 2021-07-05 2023-09-04 effet mnésique memory effect mnesic phenomenon phénomène mnésique Effets empiriques liés à la mémoire. Empirical effects related to memory. effets mnésiques memory effects memory phenomena mnesic phenomena phénomènes de la mémoire phénomènes mnésiques memory phenomenon phénomène de la mémoire 2021-07-05 2023-09-04 metamnesic phenomenon phénomène métamnésique Effets empiriques liés à la métamémoire. Empirical effects related to metamemory. metamemory phenomena metamnesic phenomena phénomènes métamnésiques metamemory phenomenon phénomène de la métamémoire 2021-08-10 2023-09-04 Effets empiriques de l'apprentissage. Empirical effects related to learning. learning phenomena phénomènes de l'apprentissage learning phenomenon phénomène de l'apprentissage 2021-07-05 2023-09-04 attentional phenomenon phénomène attentionnel Effets empiriques liés à l'attention. Empirical effects related to attention. attention phenomena attentional phenomena phénomènes attentionnels phénomènes de l'attention attention phenomenon phénomène de l'attention 2023-04-03 Frank Arnould 2023-09-04 Informatics Informatique application logicielle computer program programme d’ordinateur "Software is a plan specification composed of a series of instructions that can be interpreted by or directly executed by a processing unit." (source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000010). « Un logiciel est une spécification d’un plan composé d’une série d’instructions qui peuvent être interprétés ou directement exécutés par une unité de traitement. » (source : http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000010). applications logicielles computer programs logiciels programmes d'ordinateur softwares logiciel software 2021-07-06 2023-09-04 Information servant d'entrée aux analyses ou produite par ces analyses. Information used as input to or generated by analyses. données data donnée 2021-08-24 2022-01-11 A specified representation for structuring information. Une représentation spécifiée pour structurer une information. formats formats format format 2021-06-18 2022-01-11 entités théoriques theoretical entities entité théorique theoretical entity Frank Arnould Restle, F., & Greeno, J. G. (1970). Introduction to mathematical psychology. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. 2021-06-18 2022-01-13 "A function is a special relation between two sets (or between several sets, called the domain, and one last set, the range), with the following restriction: To each element of the domain, there corresponds exactly one element of the range." (Restle & Greeno, 1970, p. 276). « Une fonction est une relation particulière entre deux ensembles (ou entre plusieurs ensembles, appelés domaine, et un dernier ensemble, le codomaine), avec la restriction suivante : à chaque élément du domaine correspond exactement un élément du codomaine. » (Restle & Greeno, 1970, p. 276). fonctions mathématiques mathematical functions fonction mathématique mathematical function Frank Arnould 2021-07-06 2023-09-04 « Une spécification de plan qui décrit les entrées, les sorties des fonctions mathématiques ainsi que le déroulement de l’exécution pour atteindre un objectif prédéfini. Les algorithmes sont généralement réalisés par le biais d’une mise en œuvre sous forme de programmes informatiques destinés à être exécutés par des automates. »(Source : http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000064) “A plan specification which describes inputs, output of mathematical functions as well as workflow of execution for achieving a predefined objective. Algorithms are realized usually by means of implementation as computer programs for execution by automata.” (Source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000064). algorithmes algorithms algorithm algorithme 2021-06-04 2023-09-04 figure représentation graphique A diagram that presents one or more tuples of information by mapping those tuples in to a two dimensional space in a non arbitrary way. (source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000038) Un diagramme qui présente un ou plusieurs tuples d'information en faisant correspondre ces tuples à un espace bidimensionnel de manière non arbitraire.(source : http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000038) figures figures graphiques graphs graph graphique Frank Arnould Brady, T. F., Robinson, M. M., Williams, J. R., & Wixted, J. T. (2023). Measuring memory is harder than you think: How to avoid problematic measurement practices in memory research. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 30(2), 421–449. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-022-02179-w Stevens, S. S. (1946). On the theory of scales of measurement. Science, 103(2684), 677‑680. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.103.2684.677 2021-06-02 2023-04-29 measurement « affectation de chiffres à des objets ou événements selon des règles. » (Stevens, 1946, p. 677). “the assignment of numerals to objects or events according to rules” (Stevens, 1946, p. 677). measurements measures mesures measure mesure Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-02-25 contextual reminder indice contextuel indice mnésique memory cue Any information from the external or internal (mental) environment that the subject uses to code or retrieve target information. On peut définir un indice mnésique comme toute information de l'environnement externe ou interne (mental) que le sujet utilise pour coder ou récupérer une information cible. contextual reminders cues indices indices contextuels indices mnésiques memory cues cue indice Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-02-23 cognitive dysfunction cognitive dysfunctioning cognitive impairment dysfonction cognitive dysfonctionnement cognitif trouble de la cognition Altération des fonctions ou processus cognitifs. Impairment in cognitive functions or processes. cognitive disorders cognitive dysfunctionings cognitive dysfunctions cognitive impairments dysfonctionnements cognitifs dysfonctions cognitives troubles cognitifs troubles de la cognition cognitive disorder trouble cognitif Frank Arnould Allen, C. (2017). On (not) defining cognition. Synthese, 194(11), 4233‑4249. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1454-4 Collins, T., Andler, D., & Tallon-Baudry, C. (Éds.). (2018). La cognition: du neurone à la société. Gallimard. Facchin, M. (2023). Why can’t we say what cognition is (at least for the time being). Philosophy and the Mind Sciences, 4. https://doi.org/10.33735/phimisci.2023.9664 Reber, A.S. (1995). Dictionary of psychology (Second edition). Penguin Books. 2017-12-04 2023-04-17 aptitude cognitive capacité cognitive cognitive ability cognitive capability cognitive disposition disposition cognitive "A broad (almost unspecifiably so) term which has been traditionally used to refer to such activities as thinking, conceiving, reasoning, etc. Most psychologists have used it to refer to any class of mental ’behaviors’ (using the term very loosely) where the underlying characteristics are of an abstract nature and involve symbolizing, insight, expectancy, complex rule use, imagery, belief, intentionality, problem-solving, and so forth.” (Reber, 1995, p. 133). « La cognition regroupe un ensemble de phénomènes qui se rapportent à l’esprit humain et à son fonctionnement. La cognition est souvent déclinée en un ensemble de facultés : l’attention, la mémoire, le raisonnement, la prise de décision, la compréhension – bref, tout ce qui pourrait constituer la pensée. […] Toutefois, on inclut également dans le spectre de la cognition des facultés mentales qui peuvent sembler, de premier abord, plus automatiques, moins réfléchies, telles la perception ou l’émotion. » (Collins et al., 2018, p. 9-10). aptitudes cognitives capacités cognitives cognitions cognitions cognitive abilities cognitive capabilities cognitive dispositions dispositions cognitives cognition cognition Frank Arnould Chong, I., & Proctor, R. W. (2020). On the evolution of a radical concept : Affordances according to Gibson and their subsequent use and development. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 15(11), 117–132. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691619868207 Gibson, J. J. (1979). The ecological approach to visual perception. Houghton Mifflin. Luyat, M., & Regia-Corte, T. (2009). Les affordances : de James Jerome Gibson aux formalisations récentes du concept. L’Année Psychologique, 109(2), 297-332. https://doi.org/10.4074/S000350330900205X Niveleau, C.-É. (2006). Le concept gibsonien d’affordance : entre filiation, rupture et reconstruction conceptuelle. Intellectica, 43(1), 159–199. https://doi.org/10.3406/intel.2006.1341 Sanders, J. (1997). An ontology of affordances. Ecological Psychology, 9(1), 97‑112. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326969eco0901_4 Toyoshima, F. (2018). Modeling affordances with dispositions. https://www.iaoa.org/jowo2018/wp-content/uploads/simple-file-list/paper20_caos3.pdf Turvey, M. T. (1992). Affordances and prospective control : An outline of the ontology. Ecological Psychology, 4(3), 173‑187. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326969eco0403_3 2018-07-30 2023-06-16 invite offrande Dans la théorie écologique de la perception de Gibson, ce terme désigne toutes les opportunités d’action sur un objet en fonction des capacités sensori-motrices d'un animal. In Gibson's ecological theory of perception, this term refers to all opportunities for action on an object as a function of an animal's sensory-motor abilities. affordances affordances invites offrandes affordance affordance Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2021-09-02 A concept for which it is difficult to find a precise definition in the literature, referring to the level of robustness and durability of memory traces. Concept, pour lequel il est difficile de trouver une définition précise dans la littérature, renvoyant au niveau de robustesse et de durabilité des traces mnésiques. Dans les approches de la mémoire de reconnaissance par la théorie de la détection du signal, la familiarité des items est souvent synonyme de force des souvenirs. In signal detection theory of recognition memory, familiarity of items is often synonymous with strength of memory. force du souvenir memory strength Frank Arnould de Sousa, A. F., Chowdhury, A., & Silva, A. J. (2021). Dimensions and mechanisms of memory organization. Neuron, 109(17), 2649–2662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2021.06.014 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 memory structuration memory structure structuration de la mémoire structure de la mémoire A general term used to describe the organization of information in memory. Terme générique pour désigner l'organisation des informations en mémoire. memory organization organisation de la mémoire Frank Arnould Pereira, D. R., Teixeira-Santos, A. C., Sampaio, A., & Pinheiro, A. P. (in press). Examining the effects of emotional valence and arousal on source memory: A meta-analysis of behavioral evidence. Emotion. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001188 Posner, J., Russell, J. A., & Peterson, B. S. (2005). The circumplex model of affect : An integrative approach to affective neuroscience, cognitive development, and psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 17(03), 715–734. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579405050340 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 activation émotionnelle intensité émotionnelle Intensity level of an emotion. Niveau d'intensité d'une émotion. emotional arousal éveil émotionnel Frank Arnould Pereira, D. R., Teixeira-Santos, A. C., Sampaio, A., & Pinheiro, A. P. (in press). Examining the effects of emotional valence and arousal on source memory: A meta-analysis of behavioral evidence. Emotion. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001188 Posner, J., Russell, J. A., & Peterson, B. S. (2005). The circumplex model of affect : An integrative approach to affective neuroscience, cognitive development, and psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 17(03), 715–734. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579405050340 2017-12-04 2023-09-05 Caractère positif ou négatif d'une émotion. Positive or negative aspect of an emotion. emotional valence valence émotionnelle Frank Arnould Mahr, J. B. (in press). How to become a memory: The individual and collective aspects of mnemicity. Topics in Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12646 Mahr, J. B., & Schacter, D. L. (2022). Mnemicity versus temporality : Distinguishing between components of episodic representations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 151(10), 2448‑2465. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001215 Mahr, J. B., van Bergen, P., Sutton, J., Schacter, D. L., & Heyes, C. (in press). Mnemicity: A cognitive gadget? Perspectives on Psychological Science, 17456916221141352. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916221141352 Michaelian, K., & Sutton, J. (2017). Memory. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2017). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/memory/ 2018-08-06 2023-04-18 Criteria specific to memory that distinguishes it from imagination. Critères propres à la mémoire et permettant de la distinguer de l'imagination. mnemicity mnémicité Frank Arnould Chiu, C.-D. (2018). Phenomenological characteristics of recovered memory in nonclinical individuals. Psychiatry Research, 259, 135–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.10.021 Simons, J. S., Ritchey, M., & Fernyhough, C. (2022). Brain mechanisms underlying the subjective experience of remembering. Annual Review of Psychology, 73, annurev-psych-030221-025439. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-030221-025439 Sutin, A. R., & Robins, R. W. (2007). Phenomenology of autobiographical memories: The Memory Experiences Questionnaire. Memory, 15(4), 390–411. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701256654 2018-05-24 2022-02-07 caractéristique phénoménologique d'un souvenir memory phenomenology phenomenal characteristic phénoménologie de la mémoire phénoménologie des souvenirs How memories are experienced. Manière dont sont vécus les souvenirs. caractéristiques phénoménologiques d'un souvenir caractéristiques phénoménologiques de la mémoire caractéristiques phénoménologiques des souvenirs phenomenal characteristics phenomenological characteristics of memory caractéristique phénoménologique de la mémoire phenomenological characteristic of memory Frank Arnould Rosch, E. (1978). Principles of categorisation. In Rosch, E. & Lloyd, B.B. (eds), Cognition and categorization (pp. 27-48). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Rosch, E., & Mervis, C. B. (1975). Family resemblances: Studies in the internal structure of categories. Cognitive Psychology, 7(4), 573–605. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(75)90024-9 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 Dans la théorie de Rosch sur les catégories naturelles, un exemplaire typique est le membre le plus représentatif d'une catégorie. In Rosch's theory of natural categories, a typical exemplar is the most representative member of a category. typicality typicalité Frank Arnould Collins, A. M., & Quillian, M. R. (1969). Retrieval time from semantic memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 8(2), 240–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(69)80069-1 Conrad, C. (1972). Cognitive economy in semantic memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 92(2), 149–154. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0032072 2017-12-04 2023-03-17 Dans un réseau sémantique, économie en mémoire consistant à stocker les informations communes à plusieurs concepts au niveau supérieur dans la hiérarchie. Par exemple, les caractéristiques « a des ailes », « vole », « a des plumes » ne seront pas stockées au niveau du concept « canari » mais au niveau du concept « oiseau ». Le concept « canari » hérite de ces caractéristiques. Economy in a semantic network by storing information that is common to multiple concepts in the upper-level concept in the hierarchy. For example, the properties "has wings", "flies", "has feathers" are not stored with the concept "Canary", but with the concept "Bird". The concept « Canary » inherits these properties. cognitive economy économie cognitive Frank Arnould Brown, R. (1958). How shall a thing be called? Psychological Review, 65(1), 14–21. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0041727 Cordier, F. (1993). Les représentations cognitives privilégiées : typicalité et niveau de base. Presses Universitaires de Lille. Rosch, E. (1978). Principles of categorisation. In Rosch, E. & Lloyd, B.B. (eds), Cognition and categorization (pp. 27-48). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Rosch, E., Mervis, C. B., Gray, W. D., Johnson, D. M., & Boyes-Braem, P. (1976). Basic objects in natural categories. Cognitive Psychology, 8(3), 382–439. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(76)90013-X 2017-12-04 2022-05-12 According to Rosch's theory of natural categories, a privileged categorical level of information processing. A basic level category is informative (members of the category have many attributes in common) and distinctive (members of a basic level category have few attributes in common with members of other categories of the same level). "[...] basic objects are the most inclusive categories whose members: (a) possess significant numbers of attributes in common, (b) have motor programs which are similar to one another, (c) have similar shapes, and (d) can be identified from averaged shapes of members of the class." (Rosch et al., 1976, p. 382). Selon la théorie de Rosch sur les catégories naturelles, niveau catégoriel privilégié de traitement des informations. Une catégorie de niveau de base est informative (les membres de la catégorie possèdent de nombreux attributs en commun) et discriminative (les membres d'une catégorie de niveau de base possèdent peu d'attributs en commun avec les membres d'autres catégories de même niveau).« [...] les objets de base sont les catégories les plus inclusives dont les membres : (a) possèdent un nombre important d'attributs en commun, (b) ont des programmes moteurs qui sont similaires les uns aux autres, (c) ont des formes similaires, et (d) peuvent être identifiés à partir des formes moyennes des membres de la classe. » (Rosch et al., 1976, p. 382). Le niveau de base est utilisé de manière privilégiée quand les personnes dénomment ou catégorisent des objets. C'est le niveau d'abstraction catégoriel qui apparaît en premier au cours du développement chez l'enfant. Cependant, le choix du niveau d'abstraction des catégories dépendrait aussi du degré de typicalité des objets et du niveau d'expertise des personnes. The basic level is used in a privileged way when people name or categorize objects, and appears first in child's development. However, the choice of the abstraction level depends on object typicality and the level of expertise. basic level niveau de base Frank Arnould Perrin, D., & Rousset, S. (2014). The episodicity of memory. Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 5(3), 291–312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-014-0196-1 Sant’Anna, A., Michaelian, K., & Andonovski, N. (in press). Autonoesis and episodicity: Perspectives from philosophy of memory. WIREs Cognitive Science, e1665. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1665 2018-08-06 2023-08-22 Criteria specific to episodic memories that distinguish them from semantic memories. Critères propres aux souvenirs épisodiques et permettant de les distinguer des souvenirs sémantiques. episodicity épisodicité Richelle, M. (1991). Stimulus. In R. Doron & F. Parot (Eds.). Dictionnaire de psychologie (pp. 649-650). Presses universitaires de France. 2021-07-09 2023-09-04 Any event in the physical world that can activate one of the organism's receptor systems, and thus be the source of a response. (after Richelle, 1991, p. 649). « […] tout évènement du monde physique pouvant exciter l’un des appareils récepteurs de l’organisme, et être par là à l’origine d’une réponse .» (Richelle, 1991, p. 649). stimuli stimuli stimulus stimulus Frank Arnould 2020-11-02 2022-01-11 "Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species." (source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062) « Entité biologique qui est soit un membre individuel d'une espèce biologique, soit constitue l'organisation structurelle d'un membre individuel d'une espèce biologique. » (source : http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062) anatomical entities entités anatomiques anatomical entity entité anatomique Frank Arnould 2018-07-31 2023-09-04 "Neurotrophins are a family of secreted proteins that promote different activities during development and in the adult nervous system, like cell survival and differentiation, synaptic plasticity, and axonal growth." (Franco et al., 2020, p. 83) « Les neurotrophines sont une famille de protéines sécrétées qui favorisent différentes activités au cours du développement et dans le système nerveux adulte, comme la survie et la différenciation cellulaire, la plasticité synaptique et la croissance axonale. » (Franco et al., 2020, p. 83). neurotrophines neurotrophins neurotrophin neurotrophine Frank Arnould Alberini, C. M. (2009). Transcription factors in long-term memory and synaptic plasticity. Physiological Reviews, 89(1), 121‑145. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00017.2008 2018-08-03 2022-01-12 "A role played by a protein that binds to specific DNA sequences, thereby controlling the transcription of genetic information from DNA to mRNA" (source: http://anobase.vectorbase.org/mirnao/mirnao.owl#Transcription_Factor) « Rôle joué par une protéine qui se lie à des séquences d'ADN spécifiques, contrôlant ainsi la transcription de l'information génétique de l'ADN en ARNm. » (source : http://anobase.vectorbase.org/mirnao/mirnao.owl#Transcription_Factor) facteurs de transcription transcription factors facteur de transcription transcription factor 2021-08-09 2022-01-11 "A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs." (source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0100026) « Une entité matérielle qui est un système vivant individuel, tel qu'un animal, une plante, une bactérie ou un virus, capable de se répliquer ou de se reproduire, de croître et de se maintenir dans un environnement adéquat. Un organisme peut être unicellulaire ou composé, comme les humains, de plusieurs milliards de cellules divisées en tissus et organes spécialisés. » (source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0100026) organismes organisms organism organisme Frank Arnould Slotnick, S. D. (2017). Cognitive neuroscience of memory. Cambridge University Press. 2017-12-04 2022-01-11 neuromédiateur "a chemical substance that allows for communication between neurons." (Slotnick, 2017, p. 243). « substance chimique qui permet la communication entre les neurones. » (Slotnick, 2017, p. 243). neuromédiateurs neurotransmetteurs neurotransmitters neurotransmetteur neurotransmitter Frank Arnould Kolb, B., & Whishaw, I. Q. (2008). Cerveau et comportement (2ᵉ éd.). De Boeck. 2018-08-03 2022-01-13 "A segment of DNA that codes for the synthesis of a protein" (Kolb & Whishaw, 2008, p. 942). « Un segment d'ADN qui code pour la synthèse d'une protéine » (Kolb & Whishaw, 2008, p. 942). genes gènes gene gène Frank Arnould Kolb, B., & Whishaw, I. Q. (2008). Cerveau et comportement (2ᵉ éd.). De Boeck. 2018-06-08 2022-01-13 "Proteins that are present in the cells of all living beings involved in the biochemical reactions underlying the metabolism of living organisms." (Kolb & Whishaw, 2008, p. 940). « Protéines présentes dans les cellules de tous les êtres vivants intervenant dans les réactions biochimiques à la base du métabolisme des organismes vivants. » (Kolb & Whishaw, 2008, p. 940). enzymes enzymes enzyme enzyme 2023-03-07 Frank Arnould 2023-09-04 Multidisciplinaire Multidisciplinary child development développement de l'enfant 2023-03-07 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Multidisciplinaire Multidisciplinary Animal Animal Homme Human ageing sénescence vieillesse aging vieillissement 2023-03-07 2023-04-04 Multidisciplinaire Multidisciplinary Animal Animal Homme Human développement du nourrisson infant development 2021-08-18 2023-09-04 La concrétisation de la spécification d’un plan pour l’étude d’une disposition, d’un phénomène ou d’un processus. The concretization of a plan specification for the study of a disposition, a phenomenon, or a process. méthodes d'étude study methods méthode d'étude study method Frank Arnould Gobet, F., & Sala, G. (In press). Cognitive training: A field in search of a phenomenon. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 17456916221091830. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916221091830 Novick, J. M., Bunting, M. F., Dougherty, M. R., & Engle, R. W. (Eds.). (2019). Cognitive and working memory training: Perspectives from psychology, neuroscience, and human development. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199974467.001.0001 Sala, G., & Gobet, F. (2019). Cognitive training does not enhance general cognition. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 23(1), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2018.10.004 2022-02-24 2023-09-04 cognitive intervention intervention cognitive "Cognitive training refers to interventions using cognitive tasks or intellectually demanding activities, the goal of which is to enhance general cognitive ability" (Gobet & Sala, 2023, p. 126). « L'entraînement cognitif désigne les interventions utilisant des tâches cognitives ou des activités intellectuellement exigeantes, dont le but est d'améliorer les capacités cognitives générales » (Gobet & Sala, 2023, p. 126). entrainement cognitif cognitive training entraînement cognitif Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 intervention thérapeutique therapeutic intervention therapy thérapie A planned process used to prevent, cure or improve a disease or an undesirable condition. Processus planifié utilisé pour prévenir, soigner ou améliorer une maladie ou une condition indésirable. interventions thérapeutiques therapeutic interventions therapies thérapies traitements treatments traitement treatment Griffiths, B. J., & Jensen, O. (in press). Gamma oscillations and episodic memory. Trends in Neurosciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2023.07.003 2023-08-22 Frank Arnould 2023-08-22 Neurophysiologie Neurophysiology Animal Animal Homme Human activité gamma fréquence gamma gamma activity gamma frequency gamma oscillation gamma wave onde gamma oscillation gamma "fast, rhythmic change in the activity of a collection of neurons, often defined to be in the range of 30–80 Hz" (Griffiths & Jensen, in press). « changement rapide et rythmique de l'activité d'un ensemble de neurones, souvent défini comme étant de l'ordre de 30 à 80 Hz » (Griffiths & Jensen, sous presse). gamma oscillations gamma waves ondes gamma oscillations gamma gamma rhythm rythme gamma Frank Arnould Eichenbaum, H., Dudchenko, P., Wood, E., Shapiro, M., & Tanila, H. (1999). The hippocampus, memory, and place cells : Is it spatial memory or a memory space? Neuron, 23(2), 209‑226. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80773-4 2020-11-25 2023-09-04 codage conjonctif Codage par les neurones de conjonctions de traits. Feature conjunction coding by neurons. codage conjoint conjunctive coding Frank Arnould Friedman, D., & Johnson Jr., R. (2000). Event-related potential (ERP) studies of memory encoding and retrieval : A selective review. Microscopy Research and Technique, 51(1), 6‑28. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0029(20001001)51:1<6::AID-JEMT2>3.0.CO;2-R Hot, P., & Delplanque, S. (Éds.). (2013). Electrophysiologie de la cognition. Paris : Dunod. 2017-12-04 2022-02-14 ERP Electrical responses of the brain to a stimulus or mental event. Event-related potentials are characterized by their positive or negative waveform, their latency and amplitude. Réponses électriques du cerveau face à un stimulus ou à un évènement mental. Les potentiels évoqués cognitifs se caractérisent par leur forme d'onde, positive ou négative, leur latence et leur amplitude. event-related potentials potentiels évoqués cognitifs Coco, M. I., Merendino, G., Zappala’, G., & Della Sala, S. (2021, February 5). Semantic interference mechanisms on long-term visual memory and their eye-movement signatures in Mild Cognitive Impairment. https://osf.io/x6jbs/ Coco, M. I., Mikhailova, A., Raposo, A., & Della Sala, S. (2021, April 1). Eye-movements reveal semantic interference effects during the encoding of naturalistic scenes in long-term memory. https://osf.io/7kj3y/ Johansson, R. (2022, June 8). Recollections seen from the viewpoint of different minds. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/D9ZNG Mertens, G., Landkroon, E., Krypotos, A.-M., van Veen, S., Sevenster, D., & Engelhard, I. (2018, July 23). Comparing three different eye-movement tasks on cognitive load and autobiographical memory interference. https://osf.io/yanqz/ Morey, C. C., Mareva, S., Lelonkiewicz, J. R., & Chevalier, N. (2017, February 17). A developmental investigation of eye movements during a serial spatial memory task. https://osf.io/c6nkh/ Sahan, M. I., van Dijck, J.-P., & Fias, W. (2020, December 23). Grounding of verbal working memory in the oculomotor system: eye-movements reveal access to positions in sequences of memorized words. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/2GB7W Whitlock, J. (2020, June 22). Eye Movement Analyses of Strong and Weak Memories and Goal-Driven Forgetting - Data. https://osf.io/jxcvu/ Frank Arnould Hannula, D., Althoff, R., Warren, D., Riggs, L., Cohen, N., & Ryan, J. (2010). Worth a glance : Using eye movements to investigate the cognitive neuroscience of memory. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 4, 166. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2010.00166 Johansson, R., Nyström, M., Dewhurst, R., & Johansson, M. (2022). Eye-movement replay supports episodic remembering. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 289(1976), 20220964. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.0964 Ryan, J. D., & Shen, K. (2020). The eyes are a window into memory. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 32, 1‑6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2019.12.014 Sahan, M. I., van Dijck, J.-P., & Fias, W. (2021). Eye-movements reveal the serial position of the attended item in verbal working memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 1‑11. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-02005-9 2021-09-29 2023-09-04 Mouvements des globes oculaires qui seraient des indicateurs du contenu et des processus de la mémoire. Movements of the eyeballs which are thought to be indicative of memory content and processes. eye movements eye-movement eye-movements mouvements oculaires eye movement mouvement oculaire Castro-Meneses, L. J., Kruger, J.-L., & Doherty, S. (2017). Theta oscillations as an online measure of working memory load in educational video [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/ca6kt/ He, M. (2019). Theta oscillation dynamic by the precuneus during sports experts’ reactivation of a memory engram of sports related information [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/YQ7SH Peters, B. (2018). Object-based attention prioritizes working memory contents at a theta rhythm [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/rpx6s/ Romei, V. (2018). The speed of parietal theta frequency drives visuospatial working memory capacity [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/rm6qp/ Scholz, S., Schneider, S., & Rose, M. (2016). Differential effects of ongoing EEG beta and theta power on memory formation [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/24azk/ Frank Arnould Herweg, N. A., Solomon, E. A., & Kahana, M. J. (2020). Theta oscillations in human memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 24(3), 208‑227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2019.12.006 Köster, M., & Gruber, T. (2022). Rhythms of human attention and memory: An embedded process perspective. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2022.905837 Rudoler, J. H., Herweg, N. A., & Kahana, M. J. (2023). Hippocampal theta and episodic memory. Journal of Neuroscience, 43(4), 613–620. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1045-22.2022 2021-09-08 2023-09-04 activité thêta fréquence thêta onde thêta oscillation thêta theta frequency theta oscillation theta power theta wave Brain neural oscillations in the 4-8 Hz frequency band. Oscillations neuronales cérébrales dans la bande de fréquence 4-8 Hz. activités thêta oscillations thêta rythmes thêta theta frequencies theta oscillations theta powers theta rhythms theta waves rythme thêta theta rhythm Frank Arnould Ito, M., & Kano, M. (1982). Long-lasting depression of parallel fiber-Purkinje cell transmission induced by conjunctive stimulation of parallel fibers and climbing fibers in the cerebellar cortex. Neuroscience Letters, 33(3), 253–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(82)90380-9 2017-12-04 2020-04-21 Process resulting in a reduction of synaptic efficacy between neurons caused by low frequency stimulation of neurons. Processus entraînant une réduction de l’efficacité synaptique entre neurones provoquée par des stimulations nerveuses à basse fréquence. dépression à long terme long-term depression Frank Arnould Foster, D. J. (2017). Replay comes of age. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 40(1), 581–602. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-072116-031538 Genzel, L., Dragoi, G., Frank, L., Ganguly, K., de la Prida, L., Pfeiffer, B., & Robertson, E. (2020). A consensus statement: Defining terms for reactivation analysis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 375(1799), 20200001. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0001 Kaefer, K., Stella, F., McNaughton, B. L., & Battaglia, F. P. (2022). Replay, the default mode network and the cascaded memory systems model. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 23(10), Art. 10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-022-00620-6 Ólafsdóttir, H. F., Bush, D., & Barry, C. (2018). The role of hippocampal replay in memory and planning. Current Biology, 28(1), R37–R50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2017.10.073 2022-06-07 2023-09-04 neuronal replay récapitulation neuronale « une forme spécifique de réactivation qui comprend des informations séquentielles (temporelles et/ou spatiales). Il n’est pas nécessaire que la séquence soit une réplique parfaite de la séquence originale. » (Genzel et al., 2020). “a specific form of reactivation that includes sequential (temporal and/or spatial) information. The sequence does not have to be a perfect replicate of the original” (Genzel et al., 2020). replay récapitulation Frank Arnould Bliss, T. V., & Lømo, T. (1973). Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the anaesthetized rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path. The Journal of Physiology, 232(2), 331–356. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1973.sp010274 Lømo, T. (1966). Frequency potentiation of excitatory synaptic activity in the dentate area of the hippocampal formation. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 68 (Suppl 277), 128. Lømo, T. (2018). Discovering long‐term potentiation (LTP) – recollections and reflections on what came after. Acta Physiologica, 222(2), 1–1. https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.12921 Nicoll, R. A. (2017). A brief history of long-term potentiation. Neuron, 93(2), 281–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2016.12.015 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 LTP long-term synaptic potentiation potentialisation synaptique à long terme Process resulting in long-lasting increase in synapse efficiency (a few hours to several weeks) after a series of high-frequency electrical stimulation. Processus entraînant une augmentation durable (quelques heures à plusieurs semaines) de l'efficacité des synapses après une série de stimulations électriques à haute fréquence. long-term potentiation potentialisation à long terme Demarchi, G., Weisz, N., & Kraft, N. (2019). Auditory cortical alpha / beta desynchronization prioritizes the representation of memory items during a retention period [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/PW9RD Dombrowe, I., & Kroehling, A. (2019). The effect of working memory load on alpha-band power lateralization [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/g9q8v/ Foster, J. J., & Awh, E. (2017). Open Data : Alpha-band activity reveals spontaneous representations of spatial position in visual working memory [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/VW4UC Foster, J. J., Sutterer, D., Serences, J., Vogel, E. K., & Awh, E. (2015). Open Data : The topography of alpha-band activity tracks the content of spatial working memory [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/bwzfj/ Kardan, O., Adam, K., Mance, I., Vogel, E. K., Berman, M., & Churchill, N. W. (2020). Distinguishing cognitive effort and working memory load using scale-invariance and alpha suppression in EEG [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/ueamk/ Moorselaar, D. van, & Bree, S. van. (2017). Open Data : Spatially selective alpha oscillations reveal moment-by-moment trade-offs between working memory and attention [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/56rzh/ Riddle, J., Scimeca, J., Cellier, D., Dhanani, S., & D’Esposito, M. (2019). Causal evidence for theta and alpha oscillations in the control of working memory [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/ufz56/ Schroeder, S. C. Y., & Busch, N. (2019). Alpha oscillations in distractor inhibition during memory retention [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/xjgw3/ Sutterer, D., & Foster, J. J. (2020). Open Data : Alpha-band oscillations track the retrieval of precise spatial representations from long-term memory [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/bh4dq/ Frank Arnould Köster, M., & Gruber, T. (2022). Rhythms of human attention and memory: An embedded process perspective. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2022.905837 Norouzi, H., Tavakoli, N., & Daliri, M. R. (2021). Alpha oscillation during the performance of a new variant of working memory-guided saccade task : Evidence from behavioral and electroencephalographic analyses. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 166, 61‑70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.05.008 2021-09-08 2023-09-04 activité alpha alpha frequency alpha oscillation alpha power alpha wave fréquence alpha onde alpha oscillation alpha Brain neural oscillations in the 8-12 Hz frequency band. Oscillations neuronales cérébrales dans la bande de fréquence 8-12 Hz. activités alpha alpha frequencies alpha oscillations alpha rhythms alpha waves fréquences alpha ondes alpha oscillations alpha rythmes alpha alpha rhythm rythme alpha Frank Arnould Nicolas Ribeiro Cordi, M. J., & Rasch, B. (2021). How robust are sleep-mediated memory benefits? Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 67, 1‑7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2020.06.002 Hoedlmoser, K., Peigneux, P., & Rauchs, G. (2022). Recent advances in memory consolidation and information processing during sleep. Journal of Sleep Research, 31(4), e13607. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13607 Jenkins, J. G., & Dallenbach, K. M. (1924). Obliviscence during sleep and waking. The American Journal of Psychology, 35(4), 605‑612. https://doi.org/10.2307/1414040 Jouvet, M. (1967). The states of sleep. Scientific American, 216(2), 62-75. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0267-62 Mason, G. M., & Spencer, R. M. C. (2022). Sleep and memory in infancy and childhood. Annual Review of Developmental Psychology, 4, annurev-devpsych-121020-033411. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-devpsych-121020-033411 Nemeth, D., Gerbier, E., & Janacsek, K. (2019). Four pitfalls in sleep and memory research and how to avoid them. [Preprint]. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201908.0208.v1 Newbury, C. R., Crowley, R., Rastle, K., & Tamminen, J. (2021). Sleep deprivation and memory: Meta-analytic reviews of studies on sleep deprivation before and after learning. Psychological Bulletin, 147(11), 1215–1240. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000348 2020-11-03 Newbury, C. R., & Monaghan, P. (2019). When does sleep affect veridical and false memory consolidation? A meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(2), 387–400. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1528-4 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] 2023-04-18 repos rest A periodic and reversible process in which an organism enters and maintains a state of reduced alertness, altered consciousness, and reduced motor responsiveness to external stimuli compared to wakefulness. Sleep is critical for many aspects of physiological and psychological functioning, such as mood regulation and memory. It is composed of different stages, such as slow-wave sleep and REM sleep, which are characterised by polysomnographic recordings that measure indicators such as breathing rate, heart rate, electroencephalogram and electromyogram of the arm or leg muscles (Nicolas Ribeiro). Processus périodique et réversible dans lequel un organisme entre et maintient un état qui, par rapport à la veille, présente une diminution de la vigilance, une modification de la conscience et une réduction des réponses motrices aux stimuli extérieurs.  Le sommeil est crucial pour de nombreux aspects du fonctionnement physiologique et psychologique, tels que la régulation de l'humeur et de la mémoire. Il est composé de différents stades, tels que le sommeil à ondes lentes et le sommeil paradoxal, qui sont caractérisés à l’aide d’enregistrements polysomnographiques qui mesurent des indices tels que le rythme respiratoire, le rythme cardiaque, l'électroencéphalogramme et l'électromyogramme des muscles des bras ou des jambes (Nicolas Ribeiro). sleep sommeil Frank Arnould Buzsáki, G. (2015). Hippocampal sharp wave-ripple: A cognitive biomarker for episodic memory and planning. Hippocampus, 25(10), 1073–1188. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22488 Josselyn, S. A., Köhler, S., & Frankland, P. W. (2015). Finding the engram. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 16(9), 521–534. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn4000 Kragel, J. E., & Voss, J. L. (2022). Looking for the neural basis of memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 26(1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2021.10.010 Ross, T. W., & Easton, A. (2022). The hippocampal horizon: Constructing and segmenting experience for episodic memory. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 132, 181–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.038 2022-06-07 2023-09-04 SPW-R SWR "High-frequency neural oscillations that occur in the hippocampus during periods of slow-wave sleep and behavioural immobility." (Josselyn et al., 2015, p. 523). « Oscillations neuronales à haute fréquence qui se produisent dans l'hippocampe pendant les périodes de sommeil lent et d'immobilité comportementale. » (Josselyn et al., 2015, p. 523). SWRs sharp wave ripples sharp wave-ripple sharp wave-ripples sharp-wave ripple sharp-wave ripples onde à front raide sharp wave ripple Scholz, S., Schneider, S., & Rose, M. (2017, January 10). Differential Effects of Ongoing EEG Beta and Theta Power on Memory Formation.https://osf.io/24azk/ Frank Arnould Spitzer, B., & Haegens, S. (2017). Beyond the status quo : A role for beta oscillations in endogenous content (re)activation. eNeuro, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0170-17.2017 2021-09-17 2023-09-04 activité bêta beta oscillation beta power beta wave onde bêta oscillation bêta Brain neural oscillations in the 13-30 Hz frequency band. Oscillations neuronales cérébrales dans la bande de fréquence 13-30 Hz. activités bêta beta oscillations beta rhythms beta waves ondes bêta oscillations bêta rythmes bêta beta rhythm rythme bêta 2021-07-05 2023-09-04 A process that realizes a memory disposition. Processus qui réalise une disposition mnésique. memory processes processus mnésiques memory process processus mnésique Frank Arnould Nanay, B. (2021). Mental imagery. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2021). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2021/entries/mental-imagery/ Pearson, J. (2019). The human imagination : The cognitive neuroscience of visual mental imagery. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 20(10), 624‑634. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-019-0202-9 Sahadevan, S. S., Chen, Y. Y., & Caplan, J. B. (2021). Imagery-based strategies for memory for associations. Memory, 29(10), 1275–1295. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1978095 2017-12-04 Morton, C., & MacLeod, A. K. (in press). Vividness of imagery and affective response to episodic memories and episodic future thoughts: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2224609 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] 2023-07-24 image mentale imagination imagination mental image représentation imagée Processus de génération d’une représentation mentale et sensorielle (visuelle, auditive…) d’un évènement ou d’un objet que le sujet a perçus antérieurement ou qu’il crée lui-même. L’imagerie mentale peut être utilisée comme une stratégie pour améliorer la performance de la mémoire. The process of generating a mental and sensory representation (visual, auditory, etc.) of an event or object that the subject has previously perceived or created by him or herself. Mental imagery can be used as a strategy to enhance memory performance. images mentales mental images représentations imagées imagerie mentale mental imagery 2021-07-05 2023-09-04 A process that realizes a metamemory disposition. Processus qui réalise une disposition de la métamémoire. metamemory process processus métamnésique Frank Arnould 2021-07-13 2023-09-04 A process that realizes a learning disposition. Processus qui réalise une disposition à l'apprentissage. learning processes learning process processus d'apprentissage 2021-07-05 2023-09-04 attentional processing traitement attentionnel A process that realizes an attentional disposition. Processus qui réalise une disposition attentionnelle. attentional processes processus attentionnels traitements attentionnels attentional process processus attentionnel 2021-07-05 2023-09-04 perceptual processing traitement perceptif A process that realizes a perceptual disposition. Processus qui réalise une disposition perceptive. perceptual processes processus perceptifs traitements perceptifs perceptual process processus perceptif Frank Arnould Collette, F., & Angel, L. (2015). Mémoire et fonctions exécutives : nouvelles pistes de recherche. Biologie Aujourd’hui, 209(3), 287-294. https://doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2015027 Diamond, A. (2013). Executive functions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 135–168. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750 Dias, N. M., Helsdingen, I. E., Lins, E. K. R. M. D., Etcheverria, C. E., Dechen, V. D. A., Steffen, L., Cardoso, C. D. O., & Lopes, F. M. (in press). Executive functions beyond the “Holy Trinity”: A scoping review. Neuropsychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0000922 2017-12-04 2023-07-26 "a collection of top-down control processes used when going on automatic or relying on instinct or intuition would be ill-advised, insufficient, or impossible" (Diamond, 2013, p. 136). « ensemble de processus cognitifs dont le rôle principal est de faciliter l’adaptation du sujet aux situations nouvelles et/ou complexes, en particulier lorsque les habiletés cognitives sur-apprises ne sont plus suffisantes. En ce sens, les fonctions exécutives ne sont liées à aucun domaine cognitif en particulier mais apparaissent plutôt avoir un rôle métacognitif, de supervision ou de contrôle sur l’ensemble des autres domaines cognitifs (perception, langage, mémoire,...). » (Collette et Angel, 2015, p. 288). executive function fonction exécutive executive functions fonctions exécutives Frank Arnould 2022-01-25 Fink, G. (2017). Stress : Concepts, definition and history. In Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.02208-2 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Kagan, J. (2016). An overly permissive extension. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 11(4), 442‑450. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691616635593 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Klier, C., & Buratto, L. G. (2020). Stress and long-term memory retrieval : A systematic review. Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 42, 284‑291. https://doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2019-0077 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Koolhaas, J. M., Bartolomucci, A., Buwalda, B., de Boer, S. F., Flügge, G., Korte, S. M., Meerlo, P., Murison, R., Olivier, B., Palanza, P., Richter-Levin, G., Sgoifo, A., Steimer, T., Stiedl, O., van Dijk, G., Wöhr, M., & Fuchs, E. (2011). Stress revisited : A critical evaluation of the stress concept. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 35(5), 1291‑1301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.02.003 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Marr, C., Sauerland, M., Otgaar, H., Quaedflieg, C. W. E. M., & Hope, L. (2021). The effects of acute stress on eyewitness memory : An integrative review for eyewitness researchers. Memory, 29(8), 1091-1100. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1955935 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] McEwen, B. S., & Akil, H. (2020). Revisiting the stress concept : Implications for affective disorders. Journal of Neuroscience, 40(1), 12‑21. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0733-19.2019 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Piefke, M., & Glienke, K. (2017). The effects of stress on prospective memory : A systematic review. Psychology & Neuroscience, 10(3), 345‑362. https://doi.org/10.1037/pne0000102 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Richter-Levin, G., & Sandi, C. (2021). Labels matter : Is it stress or is it trauma? Translational Psychiatry, 11(1), 385. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01514-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Romero, L. M., Platts, S. H., Schoech, S. J., Wada, H., Crespi, E., Martin, L. B., & Buck, C. L. (2015). Understanding stress in the healthy animal – potential paths for progress. Stress, 18(5), 491‑497. https://doi.org/10.3109/10253890.2015.1073255 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Schwabe, L. (in press). Memory and stress. In M. J. Kahana & A. D. Wagner (Eds.), Oxford handbook of human memory: Vol. II. Applications. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Schwabe, L. (2017). Memory under stress : From single systems to network changes. European Journal of Neuroscience, 45(4), 478‑489. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.13478 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Selye, H. (1936). A syndrome produced by diverse nocuous agents. Nature, 138(3479), 32‑32. https://doi.org/10.1038/138032a0 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Shields, G. S., Sazma, M. A., McCullough, A. M., & Yonelinas, A. P. (2017). The effects of acute stress on episodic memory : A meta-analysis and integrative review. Psychological Bulletin, 143(6), 636‑675. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000100 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Thomas, A. K., & Wulff, A. N. (in press). What the acute stress response suggests about memory. Topics in Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12664 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wolf, O. T. (2017). Stress and memory retrieval : Mechanisms and consequences. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 14, 40‑46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.12.001 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 situation stressante stressful event événement stressant An emotional state associated with cognitive, physiological, and behavioral changes in response to unpredictable or uncontrollable situations. État émotionnel associé à des changements cognitifs, physiologiques et comportementaux face à des situations non prévisibles ou non contrôlables. Le concept de stress est ambigu et a connu de nombreuses évolutions. Il ne bénéficie pas d’une définition universellement reconnue. The concept of stress is ambiguous and has undergone numerous transformations. It has no universally accepted definition. situations stressantes stressful events événements stressants stress stress Bennion, K. A., Ford, J. H., Murray, B. D., & Kensinger, E. A. (2013). Oversimplification in the study of emotional memory. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 19(9), 953–961. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617713000945 2023-06-13 Frank Arnould 2023-06-13 Psychologie Psychology Animal Animal Homme Human mémoire des émotions « La "mémoire émotionnelle" est une expression générique pour désigner le souvenir d'un événement qui suscite des réactions émotionnelles. » (Bennion et al., 2013, p. 953). ““Emotional memory” is a shorthand phrase to refer to a memory for an event that elicits emotional reactions.” (Bennion et al., 2013, p. 953). emotional memory mémoire émotionnelle Frank Arnould 2021-09-07 Mirandola, C., Toffalini, E., Ciriello, A., & Cornoldi, C. (2017). Working memory affects false memory production for emotional events. Cognition & Emotion, 31(1), 33–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2015.1075379 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 A method for studying spontaneous emotional false memories. Méthode d’étude des faux souvenirs émotionnels et spontanés. Les participants étudient des épisodes ou scripts présentés sous forme de séries de photographies. Chaque série se termine de manière négative, positive ou émotionnellement neutre. Cependant, la scène représentant la cause de l’issue de chaque histoire n’est pas présentée. Les sujets participent ensuite à un test de reconnaissance durant lequel ils doivent reconnaitre les photographies étudiées parmi des photographies distractrices, dont celles représentant les scènes causales, ainsi que de nouvelles photographies cohérentes avec les différents scénarios. Participants study episodes or scripts presented as a series of photographs. Each series ends in a negative, positive, or emotionally neutral way. However, the scene representing the cause of the outcome of each story is not presented. Subjects then participate in a recognition test in which they are asked to recognize the studied photographs among distracting photographs, including those representing the causal scenes, as well as new photographs consistent with the various scripts. emotional false memory paradigm paradigme des faux souvenirs émotionnels Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Christophe, V. (2019). Les émotions : Tour d’horizon des principales théories. Presses universitaires du Septentrion. http://books.openedition.org/septentrion/50970 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Conty, L., & Dubal, S. (2018). Émotions. In T. Collins, D. Andler, & C. Tallon-Baudry (Éds.), La cognition : Du neurone à la société (p. 518‑562). Gallimard. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Dixon, T. (2012). “Emotion”: The history of a keyword in crisis. Emotion Review, 4(4), 338–344. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073912445814 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Fiske, A. P. (2020). The lexical fallacy in emotion research: Mistaking vernacular words for psychological entities. Psychological Review, 1, 95–113. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000174 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Głomb, K. (2022). How to improve eyewitness testimony research: Theoretical and methodological concerns about experiments on the impact of emotions on memory performance. Psychological Research, 86(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-021-01488-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Kaplan, R. L., Van Damme, I., Levine, L. J., & Loftus, E. F. (2016). Emotion and false memory. Emotion Review, 8(1), 8–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073915601228 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Keltner, D. (2019). Toward a consensual taxonomy of emotions. Cognition & Emotion, 33(1), 14–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2019.1574397 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Kensinger, E. A., & Ford, J. H. (2020). Retrieval of emotional events from memory. Annual Review of Psychology, 71, 251‑272. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-051123 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Kleinginna, P. R., & Kleinginna, A. M. (1981). A categorized list of emotion definitions, with suggestions for a consensual definition. Motivation and Emotion, 5(4), 345–379. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00992553 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Lemaire, P. (2021). Émotion et cognition. De Boeck Supérieur. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Mulligan, K., & Scherer, K. R. (2012). Toward a working definition of emotion. Emotion Review, 4(4), 345–357. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073912445818 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Retkoceri, U. (2022). Remembering emotions. Biology & Philosophy, 37(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10539-022-09834-5 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Sander, D., & Scherer, K. R. (Eds.). (2019). Traité de psychologie des émotions. Dunod. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Sharma, P. R., Wade, K. A., & Jobson, L. (2023). A systematic review of the relationship between emotion and susceptibility to misinformation. Memory, 31(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2120623 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Tyng, C. M., Amin, H. U., Saad, M. N. M., & Malik, A. S. (2017). The influences of emotion on learning and memory. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01454 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-09-05 "Emotions describe a complex set of interactions between subjective and objective variables that are mediated by neural and hormonal systems, which can (a) give rise to affective experiences of emotional valence (pleasure-displeasure) and emotional arousal (high-low activation/calming-arousing); (b) generate cognitive processes such as emotionally relevant perceptual affect, appraisals, labeling processes; (c) activate widespread psychological and physiological changes to the arousing conditions; and (d) motivate behavior that is often but not always expressive, goal-directed and adaptive." (Kleinginna & Kleinginna, 1981, p. 355). « état affectif multidimensionnel qui s’accompagne de manifestations physiologiques, cognitives, expressives et subjectives. » (Christophe, 2019). Il n'existe pas de définition consensuelle de ce qu'est une émotion. There is no consensus on a definition of what an emotion is. affectif affectifs affective affective affectives emotional emotions émotionnel émotionnelle émotionnelles émotionnels émotions emotion émotion Frank Arnould McGaugh, J. L. (2004). The amygdala modulates the consolidation of memories of emotionally arousing experiences. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 27(1), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144157 Yonelinas, A. P., & Ritchey, M. (2015). The slow forgetting of emotional episodic memories: an emotional binding account. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 19(5), 259-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2015.02.009 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Processus par lequel l'amygdale favorise la consolidation des souvenirs émotionnels. The process by which the amygdala promotes the consolidation of emotional memories. consolidation émotionnelle emotional consolidation Witherby, A., Babineau, A., & Tauber, U. (2023). Witherby, Babineau, & Tauber—Does Interactive Imagery Influence the Reactive Effect of Judgments of Learning on Memory? https://osf.io/q87g2/ Double, K. S., & Birney, D. P. (2019). Reactivity to measures of metacognition. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2755. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02755 Double, K. S., Birney, D. P., & Walker, S. A. (2018). A meta-analysis and systematic review of reactivity to judgements of learning. Memory, 26(6), 741–750. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1404111 Witherby, A. E., Babineau, A. L., & Tauber, S. K. (2023). Does interactive imagery influence the reactive effect of judgments of learning on memory? Journal of Intelligence, 11(7), Article 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence11070139 2023-07-27 Frank Arnould 2023-07-31 Psychologie Psychology Type de stimulus : un effet de réactivité mnésique positif sur la mémoire est observé avec des listes de paires de mots sémantiquement liés et des listes de mots, mais pas avec des listes de paires de mots non sémantiquement liés ou contenant un mélange de paires de mots liés et non liés (Double et al., 2018). Type of stimulus: a positive memory reactivity effect is observed with lists of semantically related word pairs and word lists, but not with lists of unrelated word pairs or with lists containing a mix of related and unrelated word pairs (Double et al., 2018). Homme Human JOL reactivity effet de réactivité reactive effect reactivity effect Phenomenon observed when judgements of learning affect memory performance. Phénomène observé quand des jugements d'apprentissage modifient la performance de la mémoire. effet de réactivité mnésique memory reactivity effect Riesthuis, P., Otgaar, H., Bogaard, G. & Mangiulli, I. (2022, July 1). The Impact of Forced Confabulation on Spontaneous False Memory Formation. https://osf.io/y587d Riesthuis, P., Otgaar, H., Mangiulli, I. & Bogaard, G. (2022, November 25). Stage 2 Registered Report Factors Affecting the Forced Confabulation Effect: A Meta-Analysis of Laboratory Studies. https://osf.io/4mqpx 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould Paul Riesthuis Ackil, J. K., & Zaragoza, M. S. (1998). Memorial consequences of forced confabulation : Age differences in susceptibility to false memories. Developmental Psychology, 34(6), 1358‑1372. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.34.6.1358 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Riesthuis, P., Otgaar, H., Bogaard, G., & Mangiulli, I. (2023). Factors affecting the forced confabulation effect: A meta-analysis of laboratory studies. Memory, 31(5), 635–651. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2185931 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] 2023-07-03 Psychologie Psychology Experimental design: larger forced confabulation effect in within-subject designs than between-subject designs (Riesthuis et al., 2023). Feedback : l’effet de confabulation forcée est plus important quand les confabulations sont confirmées en retour (par exemple, « Vous avez raison ») comparativement à un retour neutre (Riesthuis et al., 2023). Feedback: larger forced confabulation effect when forced confabulations are followed by confirmatory feedback (e.g. "You are right") compared with neutral feedback (Riesthuis et al., 2023). Intervalle de rétention : La méta-analyse de Riesthuis et al. (2023) montre que le délai entre les confabulations forcées et le moment du test de mémoire n’altère pas l’effet de confabulation forcée quand les confabulations forcées pour des détails et des événements entiers ne sont pas différenciées. Cependant, l'analyse qualitative de deux études montre que l'effet est plus important pour les confabulations forcées d'événements entiers après un long délai (6 à 8 semaines) qu’après un délai plus court (1 semaine). Plan expérimental : l’effet de confabulation forcée est plus important dans les plans intra-sujets que dans les plans inter-sujets (Riesthuis et al., 2023). Retention interval: the meta-analysis by Riesthuis et al. (2023) showed that the delay between forced confabulations and the time of the memory test did not alter the forced confabulation effect when forced confabulations for details and entire events were not distinguished. However, a qualitative analysis of two studies showed that the forced confabulation effect for entire events is larger after a longer delay (6 or 8 weeks) compared with a shorter delay (1 week). Type de confabulation : l’effet de confabulation forcée est plus important pour les confabulations volontaires que pour les confabulations forcées (Riesthuis et al., 2023). Type of confabulation: larger forced confabulation effect for voluntary confabulations than for forced confabulations (Riesthuis et al., 2023). Homme Human effet de confabulation contrainte effet de fabrication forcée forced fabrication effect Formation de faux souvenirs pour des détails ou des événements qu’une personne a été contrainte d’inventer (Paul Riesthuis). The formation of false memories for forcedly confabulated details or events (Paul Riesthuis). effet de confabulation forcée forced confabulation effect Malmberg, K. J., Steyvers, M., Stephens, J. D., & Shiffrin, R. M. (2002). Feature frequency effects in recognition memory. Memory & Cognition, 30(4), 607–613. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03194962 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-22 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human Better recognition of words with rare letters than words with common letters. Meilleure reconnaissance de mots comportant des lettres rares comparativement aux mots composés de lettres fréquentes. effet de la fréquence des lettres letter-frequency effect Dunsmoor, J. E., Murty, V. P., Clewett, D., Phelps, E. A., & Davachi, L. (2022). Tag and capture: How salient experiences target and rescue nearby events in memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 26(9), 782–795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2022.06.009 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-16 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human La mémoire d’évènements saillants (c’est-à-dire, émotionnels, nouveaux ou surprenants) peut améliorer la mémoire d’évènements ordinaires qui sont proches dans le temps durant une fenêtre temporelle critique pouvant durer jusqu’à plusieurs heures. Memory for salient events can strengthen memory for weakly encoded, mundane events that are close in time over a temporal window of up to several hours. memory penumbra pénombre mnésique O’Donnell, R., & Chan, J. C. (2023, April 9). A Pre-registered Replication of Loftus (1979). https://osf.io/ckbr9 2023-06-19 Frank Arnould Loftus, E. F. (1979). Reactions to blatantly contradictory information. Memory & Cognition, 7(5), 368–374. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196941 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] O’Donnell, R., & Chan, J. C. K. (in press). Does blatantly contradictory information reduce the misinformation effect? A Registered Report replication of Loftus (1979). Legal and Criminological Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/lcrp.12242 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] 2023-09-05 Psychologie Psychology Delai : l’effet d’inoculation est éliminé quand la fausse information ouvertement contradictoire est présentée après les fausses informations plus subtiles (Loftus, 1979). Delay : the inoculation effect is eliminated when the blatantly contradictory misinformation is presented after the subtler misinformation (Loftus, 1979). Homme Human Le fait d’inclure une fausse information en contradiction flagrante avec les faits protègerait contre l’effet d’autres fausses informations plus subtiles sur la mémoire (Loftus, 1979). The inclusion of misinformation that blatantly contradicts the facts is thought to protect against the effect of other subtler misinformation on memory (Loftus, 1979). effet d’inoculation inoculation effect Fischhoff, B. (2003). Hindsight ≠ foresight: The effect of outcome knowledge on judgment under uncertainty. BMJ Quality & Safety, 12(4), 304–311. https://doi.org/10.1136/qhc.12.4.304 Pohl, R. F., & Erdfelder, E. (2022). Hindsight bias. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions: Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgement, and memory (3rd ed., pp. 436–454). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003154730-31 Roese, N. J., & Vohs, K. D. (2012). Hindsight bias. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 7(5), 411–426. https://doi.org/10.1177/174569161245430 2023-07-28 Frank Arnould 2023-07-28 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human creeping determinism knew-it-all-along effect Biais consistant à croire qu'un événement est prévisible après que cet événement est connu. « the belief that an event is more predictable after it becomes known than it was before it became known. » (Roese et Vohs, 2012, p. 411). biais rétrospectif hindsight bias Bartolomei, F., Lagarde, S., Médina Villalon, S., McGonigal, A., & Benar, C. G. (2017). The “Proust phenomenon” : Odor-evoked autobiographical memories triggered by direct amygdala stimulation in human. Cortex, 90, 173‑175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2016.12.005 Campen, C. van. (2014). The Proust effect : The senses as doorways to lost memories. Oxford University Press. Chu, S. (2000). Odour-evoked autobiographical memories : Psychological investigations of proustian phenomena. Chemical Senses, 25(1), 111‑116. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/25.1.111 Ernst, A., Bertrand, J. M. F., Voltzenlogel, V., Souchay, C., & Moulin, C. J. A. (2021). The Proust machine: What a public science event tells us about autobiographical memory and the five senses. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.623910 Green, J. D., Reid, C. A., Kneuer, M. A., & Hedgebeth, M. V. (in press). The Proust effect : Scents, food, and nostalgia. Current Opinion in Psychology, 101562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101562 Hackländer, R. P. M., Janssen, S. M. J., & Bermeitinger, C. (2019). An in-depth review of the methods, findings, and theories associated with odor-evoked autobiographical memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(2), 401‑429. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1545-3 Jellinek, J. S. (2004). Proust remembered: Has Proust’s account of odor-cued autobiographical memory recall really been investigated? Chemical Senses, 29(5), 455–458. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjh043 Lopis, D., Valentin, D., & Manetta, C. (2023). Odor-evoked memories: The importance of choosing the right odor. Acta Psychologica, 236, 103932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.103932 Mace, J. H. (2004). Involuntary autobiographical memories are highly dependent on abstract cuing : The Proustian view is incorrect. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 18(7), 893‑899. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1020 de Bruijn, M. J., & Bender, M. (2018). Olfactory cues are more effective than visual cues in experimentally triggering autobiographical memories. Memory, 26(4), 547‑558. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1381744 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-05-22 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human Proust phenomenon phénomène de Proust "The Proust Effect refers to the emotionality and vividness of re-experiencing autobiographical memories triggered by the senses" (Green et al., in press). « L'effet Proust fait référence à l'émotion et à la vivacité de la reviviscence des souvenirs autobiographiques déclenchés par les sens » (Green et al., à paraître). Proust effect effet Proust Lalchandani, L. A., & Healy, A. F. (2022). Elucidating the cognitive processes involved in the note‐taking effect. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(5), 1009–1021. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3985 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-27 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human effet d’encodage encoding effect Effet selon lequel la prise de note améliore la rétention d’informations même sans occasion de les relire (Lalchandani & Healy, 2022). Note-taking improves retention of information even without the opportunity to review the notes (Lalchandani & Healy, 2022). effet de la prise de notes note-taking effect Cotton, K., Sandry, J., & Ricker, T. (2023, July 17). Secondary Task Engagement Drives The McCabe Effect in Long-Term Memory. https://osf.io/e3fqu Loaiza, V. M. (2020, September 4). The Long-term Consequences of Retrieval Demands During Working Memory. https://osf.io/c9dsw Loaiza, V. M., & Lavilla, E. T. (2021, June 25). Elaborative strategies contribute to the long-term benefits of time in working memory. https://osf.io/3rqgf Souza, A. S., & Oberauer, K. (2023, March 6). Time to process information in working memory improves episodic memory. https://osf.io/ctgr3 Cotton, K., Sandry, J., & Ricker, T. J. (2023). Secondary task engagement drives the McCabe effect in long-term memory. Memory & Cognition. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-023-01450-2 Loaiza, V. M., & Lavilla, E. T. (2021). Elaborative strategies contribute to the long-term benefits of time in working memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 117, 104205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104205 Loaiza, V. M., Doherty, C., & Howlett, P. (2021). The long-term consequences of retrieval demands during working memory. Memory & Cognition, 49(1), 112‑126. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01079-5 McCabe, D. P. (2008). The role of covert retrieval in working memory span tasks : Evidence from delayed recall tests. Journal of Memory and Language, 58(2), 480‑494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2007.04.004 Souza, A. S., & Oberauer, K. (2017). Time to process information in working memory improves episodic memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 96, 155‑167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2017.07.002 2023-08-22 Frank Arnould 2023-08-22 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human Although more items are immediately recalled in a simple span task (e.g., a word span task) than in a complex span task (e.g., an operation span task), more items processed during the complex span task are recalled in a delayed recall test (McCabe, 2008). Bien qu’un plus grand nombre d’items soit rappelé immédiatement dans une tâche d'empan simple (par exemple, dans une tâche d’empan de mots) que dans une tâche d'empan complexe (par exemple, dans une tâche d’empan d’opérations), un plus grand nombre d’items traités au cours de la tâche d'empan complexe est rappelé dans un test de rappel différé (McCabe, 2008). McCabe effect effet McCabe 2023-06-30 Frank Arnould Ross, M., Spencer, S. J., Blatz, C. W., & Restorick, E. (2008). Collaboration reduces the frequency of false memories in older and younger adults. Psychology and Aging, 23(1), 85–92. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.23.1.85 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Rossi-Arnaud, C., Spataro, P., Santirocchi, A., Pesola, M. C., Costantini, L., & Cestari, V. (in press). Positive and negative effects of collaboration on suggestibility and false memory in online groups. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04775-y [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Rossi-Arnaud, C., Spataro, P., Bhatia, D., & Cestari, V. (2019). Collaborative remembering reduces suggestibility: A study with the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale. Memory, 27(5), 603–611. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2018.1542004 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Vredeveldt, A., Hildebrandt, A., & van Koppen, P. J. (2016). Acknowledge, repeat, rephrase, elaborate: Witnesses can help each other remember more. Memory, 24(5), 669–682. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1042884 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-06-30 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human Phenomenon whereby the collaborative recall by people remembering together contains fewer errors than the combined (and non-redundant) recall by people remembering separately (nominal recall). Phénomène apparaissant quand le rappel collaboratif de personnes se souvenant ensemble contient généralement moins d’erreurs de mémoire que le rappel combiné (et non redondant) de personnes se souvenant séparément (rappel nominal). effet d’élagage des erreurs error-pruning effect Pazdera, J. K. (2022, June 7). Modality Effects in Free Recall: A Retrieved-Context Account. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/4RZ7K Beaman, C. P. (2002). Inverting the modality effect in serial recall. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Section A, 55(2), 371–389. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980143000307 Grenfell-Essam, R., Ward, G., & Tan, L. (2017). Common modality effects in immediate free recall and immediate serial recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43(12), 1909–1933. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000430 Pazdera, J. K., & Kahana, M. J. (2023). Modality effects in free recall: A retrieved-context account. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 49(6), 866–888. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001140.supp 2023-06-19 Frank Arnould 2023-06-19 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human "the observation that prerecency visual items can sometimes show a recall advantage relative to the prerecency auditory items." (Grenfell-Essam et al., 2017, p. 1911). Tendance à mieux rappeler les items de début de liste s’ils ont été présentés visuellement plutôt qu’auditivement. effet de modalité inverse inverse modality effect Buratto, L. G., Matthews, W. J., & Lamberts, K. (2009). When are moving images remembered better? Study–test congruence and the dynamic superiority effect. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62(10), 1896–1903. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470210902883263 Matthews, W. J., Benjamin, C., & Osborne, C. (2007). Memory for moving and static images. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14(5), 989–993. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03194133 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-13 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human Better memory for dynamic images than for static images. Meilleure mémoire pour les images dynamiques que pour les images statiques. dynamic superiority effect effet de supériorité dynamique Frank Arnould Posner, M. I., & Keele, S. W. (1968). On the genesis of abstract ideas. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 77(3, Pt.1), 353-363. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0025953 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 prototype-enhancement effect Tendance à reconnaître par erreur un prototype non étudié qui a servi à générer les stimuli de la liste d'étude, ceux-ci représentant donc des variations du prototype. Tendency to falsely recognize an unstudied prototype which was used to generate the study items as variations of that prototype. effet du prototype prototype effect Frank Arnould Jacoby, L. L., Woloshyn, V., & Kelley, C. (1989). Becoming famous without being recognized: Unconscious influences of memory produced by dividing attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 118(2), 115-125. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.118.2.115 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Les noms de personnages inconnus étudiés en situation d'attention divisée sont plus facilement jugés célèbres ultérieurement en comparaison avec de nouveaux noms inconnus (Jacoby, Woloshyn et Kelley, 1989.) Names of unknown people, studied under divided attention, are more likely to be judged to be famous in a memory test compared to new unknown names (Jacoby, Woloshyn, & Kelley, 1989). effet de fausse célébrité false fame effect Frank Arnould Safer, M. A., Christianson, S.-Å., Autry, M. W., & Österlund, K. (1998). Tunnel memory for traumatic events. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 12(2), 99–117. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199804)12:2<99::AID-ACP509>3.0.CO;2-7 Berntsen, D. (2002). Tunnel memories for autobiographical events: Central details are remembered more frequently from shocking than from happy experiences. Memory & Cognition, 30(7), 1010–1020. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03194319 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 Notion proposée par Safer et al. (1998) pour rendre compte du fait que la mémoire d'événements émotionnels négatifs est meilleure pour les détails centraux que pour les éléments périphériques. Term proposed by Safer et al. (1998) to account for the fact that the memory of negative emotional events is better for the central details than for the peripheral details. souvenirs tunnel souvenir tunnel tunnel memory Frank Arnould Anderson, J. R. (1974). Retrieval of propositional information from long-term memory. Cognitive Psychology, 6(4), 451-474. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(74)90021-8 Anderson, J. R., & Reder, L. M. (1999). The fan effect: New results and new theories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 128(2), 186–197. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.128.2.186 Si-Hamdi, S., & Le Rouzo, M.-L. (2009). Vieillissement, rappel et reconnaissance de noms de personnes et de noms communs dans un paradigme d’effet d’éventail. Bulletin de psychologie, Numéro 503(5), 419–428. https://doi.org/10.3917/bupsy.503.0419 2017-12-04 2023-04-14 FActs Number effet fan Effet montrant que plus des sujets apprennent de faits relatifs à un concept, plus le temps nécessaire pour récupérer un fait concernant ce concept augmente. The more subjects learn facts about a concept, the more they take time to remember a fact about this concept. effet d'éventail fan effect Frank Arnould Corballis, M. C. (1966). Rehearsal and decay in immediate recall of visually and aurally presented items. Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie, 20(1), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0082923 Pazdera, J. K., & Kahana, M. J. (2023). Modality effects in free recall: A retrieved-context account. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 49(6), 866–888. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001140.supp 2017-12-04 2023-06-19 Dans un test de rappel immédiat, meilleure performance de la mémoire pour une présentation auditive des items par rapport à une présentation visuelle, en particulier pour les éléments de la fin de la liste (effet de récence). In an immediate recall test, better memory performance for an auditory presentation of items compared to a visual presentation, especially for the items at the end of the list (recency effect). effet de modalité modality effect Frank Arnould Hanczakowski, M., Zawadzka, K., & Coote, L. (2014). Context reinstatement in recognition: Memory and beyond. Journal of Memory and Language, 72, 85-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2014.01.001 2017-12-04 2021-07-15 Change in recognition performance produced by a change of context between learning and the recognition test. Désigne un changement dans la performance de la reconnaissance produit par un changement de contexte entre l'apprentissage et le test de reconnaissance. context-dependent recognition reconnaissance dépendante du contexte Frank Arnould Strong, E. K. J. (1912). The effect of length of series upon recognition memory. Psychological Review, 19(6), 447–462. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0069812 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 As the number of items in a list increases, the memory performance decreases (i.e. the percentage of items correctly recalled decreases.) This effect occurs in free recall, cued recall and in recognition. Plus le nombre d'éléments dans une liste augmente, plus la performance de la mémoire diminue (c.-à-d., le pourcentage d'éléments correctement rappelés diminue.) Cet effet apparaît aussi bien en rappel libre, en rappel indicé qu'en reconnaissance. effet de longueur de la liste list-length effect Frank Arnould Bennett, M., Allan, S., Anderson, J., & Asker, N. (2010). On the robustness of the group reference effect. European Journal of Social Psychology, 40(2), 349–354. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.630 Lee, H.-N., Rosa, N. M., & Gutchess, A. H. (2016). Ageing and the group-reference effect in memory. Memory, 24(6), 746–756. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1049184 Li, Q., Gao, J., Cao, C., & Li, T. (in press). The impact of group ownership on memory. The Journal of General Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2022.2047002 2017-12-04 2022-04-28 group-referencing Amélioration de la mémoire quand les items ont été jugés en fonction d'un groupe social de référence des sujets. Improved memory when items were judged in relation to a subjects' social reference group. effet du groupe de référence group-reference effect Frank Arnould Hubbard, T. L., & Motes, M. A. (2005). An effect of context on whether memory for initial position exhibits a Fröhlich effect or an onset repulsion effect. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 58(6), 961‑979. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980443000368 2017-12-04 2021-08-10 Erreur dans la mémoire de la position initiale d'un stimulus en mouvement, qui est jugée plus en avant dans la direction du stimulus. Error in the memory of the initial position of a moving stimulus, which is judged further forward in the direction of this stimulus. Fröhlich effect effet Fröhlich Frank Arnould Thorn, A. S. C., Gathercole, S. E., & Frankish, C. R. (2002). Language familiarity effects in short-term memory: The role of output delay and long-term knowledge. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 55(4), 1363-1383. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980244000198 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 Chez des sujets bilingues, le rappel sériel immédiat est meilleur pour la langue qui leur est la plus familière. For bilingual subjects, immediate serial recall is better for the language they are most familiar with. effet du langage familier language familiarity effect Brainerd, C. J. (2021). Deep memory distortions. Cognitive Psychology, 126, 101386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2021.101386 Brainerd, C. J. (2022). Deep distortion. Memory, 30(1), 5‑9. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1844756 Brainerd, C. J., Holliday, R. E., Nakamura, K., & Reyna, V. F. (2014). Conjunction illusions and conjunction fallacies in episodic memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40(6), 1610‑1623. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000017 Brainerd, C. J., Nakamura, K., & Murtaza, Y. A. (2020). Explaining complementarity in false memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 112, 104105. doi:10.1016/j.jml.2020.104105 2020-11-24 Frank Arnould 2023-03-20 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human impossible conjunction memory conjunction illusion "Memory conjunction illusions are circumstances in which uncertainties about whether items are overremembered on one type of probe versus underremembered on another type do not arise because memory for multiple incompatible states is measured with a single probe." (Brainerd et al., 2014, p. 1611). Phénomène apparaissant quand un sujet assigne un item à des événements logiquement incompatibles. Par exemple, dans un test de reconnaissance, il juge un mot comme étant à la fois ancien et nouveau-similaire. conjunction illusions illusions de conjonction impossible conjunctions memory conjunction illusions conjunction illusion illusion de conjonction Frank Arnould Goschke, T., & Kuhl, J. (1993). Representation of intentions: Persisting activation in memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19(5), 1211-1226. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.19.5.1211 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 An effect showing that the response time to a task expected to be performed is shorter than the response time to a task non-associated with such an intention or when the intention to execute the task was cancelled. Effet montrant que les temps de réponse à une tâche que l'on s'attendait à exécuter sont plus courts que les temps de réponse à une tâche non associée à une telle intention ou encore dont l'intention de réalisation a été annulée. effet de supériorité des intentions intention superiority effect Frank Arnould Gonthier, C., & Hot, P. (2013). Apports de l’électroencéphalographie à la compréhension de la mémoire. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 5(4), 243–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2013.0280 Halpern, D. J., Tubridy, S., Davachi, L., & Gureckis, T. M. (2023). Identifying causal subsequent memory effects. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(13), e2120288120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2120288120 Kim, H. (2011). Neural activity that predicts subsequent memory and forgetting: A meta-analysis of 74 fMRI studies. NeuroImage, 54(3), 2446-2461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.045 Mecklinger, A., & Kamp, S.-M. (2023). Observing memory encoding while it unfolds: Functional interpretation and current debates regarding ERP subsequent memory effects. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 153, 105347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105347 Paller, K. A., Kutas, M., & Mayes, A. R. (1987). Neural correlates of encoding in an incidental learning paradigm. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 67(4), 360–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(87)90124-6 Wilding, E. L., & Ranganath, C. (2011). Electrophysiological correlates of episodic memory processes. In S. J. Luck & E. M. Kappenman (Éds.), The Oxford Handbook of ERP Components (p. 373–396). Oxford University Press. 2017-12-04 2023-08-07 Dm effect difference due to memory effet Dm L'activité nerveuse du cerveau au moment de l'encodage est différente selon que les items seront récupérés ou non ultérieurement. The neural activity of the brain during encoding differs depending on whether the items will be subsequently retrieved or not. effet de la mémoire subséquente subsequent memory effect Frank Arnould Peynircioğlu, Z. F. (2020). When more is less : Cue depreciation in memory. In A. M. Cleary & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Memory quirks : The study pf odd phenomena in memory (p. 85‑100). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429264498-8 Peynircioğlu, Z. F., & Watkins, M. J. (1986). Cue depreciation: When word fragment completion is undermined by prior exposure to lesser fragments. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 12(3), 426. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.12.3.426 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Il est plus facile d’identifier un mot étudié (par exemple, raindrop) quand un fragment de ce mot est présenté en une seule fois (r_i__rop) que si plusieurs fragments du mot sont présentés de manière incrémentielle (r------p, r----r-p, r-i--r-p, r-i--rop). It is easier to identify a studied word (e.g. raindrop) when a fragment of this word is presented only once (r_i__rop) than if several fragments of the word are shown incrementally (r------p, r----r-p, r-i--r-p, r-i--rop). cue depreciation effect effet de la dévalorisation de l'indice Aßfalg, A. (2016, December 14). Aßfalg, Currie, & Bernstein (Memory & Cognition) - Task difficulty moderates the revelation effect. https://osf.io/uwrgp/ Brandt, M. (2019, March 30). A computational approach to the revelation effect. https://osf.io/khgd7/ Frank Arnould Aßfalg, A. (2017). Revelation effect. In R. Pohl (Ed.), Pohl, R. (Ed.). Intriguing phenomena in judgment, thinking, and memory (pp. 339–356). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315696935 Aßfalg, A., Bernstein, D. M., & Hockley, W. (2017). The revelation effect: A meta-analytic test of hypotheses. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24(6), 1718–1741. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1227-6 Brandt, M., Aßfalg, A., Zaiser, A.-K., & Bernstein, D. M. (2020). A computational approach to the revelation effect. Journal of Memory and Language, 112, 104091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104091 Greene, R. L. (2007). Foxes, hedgehogs, and mirror effect: The role of general principles in memory research. In J. S. Nairne (Ed.), The Foundations of Remembering: Essays in Honor of Henry L. Roediger, III (pp. 53–66). New York: Psychology Press. Watkins, M. J., & Peynircioglu, Z. F. (1990). The revelation effect: When disguising test items induces recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(6), 1012–1020. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.16.6.1012 2017-12-04 2022-04-25 Dans un test de reconnaissance, tendance à juger comme anciens des items qui sont dégradés, distordus, révélés par étapes et qui doivent être découverts (Watkins et Peynircioglu, 1990.) In a recognition test, tendency to judge as old items that are degraded, distorted, revealed by steps and that have to be discovered. One way of testing for the revelation effect is as follows (Watkins and Peynircioglu, 1990). First, subjects memorize a list of words. Then, in the recognition test, some words are normally presented, without degradation. Other words are presented starting with their first two letters, then their first three letters and so on until their complete form. The results show that subjects recognize more often the words revealed to them gradually than the words normally presented, even when these words have never been studied (false recognition). Another word revelation procedure consists of asking participants to study a list of 80 words and then to recognize them among 160 words (Greene, 2007). In this recognition test, the words were presented in their usual form for subjects in the control group. For the subjects in the revelation group, the words were presented in the form of anagrams. They had to solve these anagrams and then decide whether or not they recognized the words. Subjects in the revelation group were better at recognizing the words being studied, but also committed more false recognition than subjects in the control group. Une manière de mettre au jour l’effet de révélation est la suivante (Watkins et Peynircioglu, 1990). Les sujets mémorisent tout d’abord une liste de mots. Puis, dans le test de reconnaissance, certains mots sont présentés normalement, sans dégradation. D’autres mots sont présentés en commençant par leurs deux premières lettres, puis leurs trois premières lettres et ainsi de suite jusqu’à leur forme complète. Les résultats montrent que les sujets reconnaissent plus souvent les mots qui leur sont révélés au fur et à mesure que les mots présentés normalement, même quand ces mots n’ont jamais été étudiés (fausses reconnaissances). Une autre procédure de révélation des mots consiste à demander aux participants d'étudier une liste de 80 mots puis de les reconnaître parmi 160 mots (Greene, 2007). Dans ce test de reconnaissance, les mots étaient présentés sous leur forme habituelle pour les sujets du groupe contrôle. Pour les sujets du groupe révélation, les mots étaient présentés sous forme d'anagrammes. Ils devaient résoudre ces anagrammes puis décider s'ils reconnaissaient ou non les mots. Les sujets du groupe révélation reconnaissent mieux les mots étudiés, mais commettent aussi un plus nombre de fausses reconnaissances que les sujets du groupe contrôle. effet de révélation revelation effect Frank Arnould 2022-03-29 Levine, L.J., & Edelstein, R.S. (2009). Emotion and memory narrowing: A review and goal-relevance approach. Cognition & Emotion, 23(5), 833–875. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930902738863 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 effet de rétrécissement de la mémoire effet de rétrécissement des souvenirs memory narrowing rétrécissement mnésique Better memory for central details than for peripheral details of an arousing negative event. Meilleure mémoire des détails centraux que des détails périphériques d’un évènement négatif intense. effet de rétrécissement mnésique memory narrowing effect Frank Arnould 2022-04-29 Douglass, A., & Steblay, N. (2006). Memory distortion in eyewitnesses: A meta-analysis of the post-identification feedback effect. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 20, 859–869. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1237 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Greenspan, R. L., & Loftus, E. F. (2020). Eyewitness confidence malleability: Misinformation as post-identification feedback. Law and Human Behavior, 44(3), 194–208. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000369 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Steblay, N. K., Wells, G. L., & Douglass, A. B. (2014). The eyewitness post identification feedback effect 15 years later: Theoretical and policy implications. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 20(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000001 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Wells, G., & Douglass, A. (1998). “Good, you identified the suspect”: Feedback to eyewitnesses distorts their reports of the witnessing experience. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 360–376. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.83.3.360 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Effet sur les jugements rétrospectifs d'une information en retour que reçoit le témoin oculaire après avoir identifié une personne dans un tapissage de police. Par exemple, si cette information confirme que la personne identifiée est le suspect, le témoin a tendance à être plus confiant dans sa décision, à estimer qu’il a mieux perçu le malfaiteur ou encore qu'il a identifié la personne avec plus de facilité, et ce, comparativement à une personne n'ayant pas eu ce retour d'information. The effect on retrospective judgments of providing feedback to the eyewitness after he or she has identified a person in a lineup. For example, if this feedback confirms that the person identified is the suspect, the eyewitness tends to be more confident in his or her decision, to feel that he or she perceived the perpetrator better, or to have identified the person more easily, compared to a person who did not receive this feedback. effet de retroaction post-identification post-identification feedback effect Nussenbaum, K., Scerif, G., & Nobre, A. C. (2018, October 10). Differential effects of salient visual events on memory-guided attention in adults and children. [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/fjpcg Frank Arnould Fischer, M., Moscovitch, M., & Alain, C. (2021). A systematic review and meta-analysis of memory-guided attention : Frontal and parietal activation suggests involvement of fronto-parietal networks. WIREs Cognitive Science, 12(1), e1546. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1546 2021-08-18 2023-09-04 "we define memory-guided attention as “expectation for perception”, whereby the memory of a familiar stimulus contains predictive information about an association that is used to influence a perceptual decision. In order to qualify as memory-guided attention, there must be a long-term association that influences a perceptual decision." (Fisher et al., 2021). « Nous définissons l'attention guidée par la mémoire comme une "attente pour la perception", par laquelle la mémoire d'un stimulus familier contient des informations prédictives sur une association qui est utilisée pour influencer une décision perceptive. Pour que l'on puisse parler d'attention guidée par la mémoire, il doit y avoir une association à long terme qui influence une décision perceptive. » (Fisher et al., 2021). attention guidée par la mémoire memory-guided attention Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Otgaar, H., & Baker, A. (2018). When lying changes memory for the truth. Memory, 26(1), 2–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1340286 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Polage, D. C. (2012). Fabrication inflation increases as source monitoring ability decreases. Acta Psychologica, 139(2), 335-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2011.12.007 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Riesthuis, P., Otgaar, H., Mangiulli, I., & de Tauzia, R. (2020). Adopting a fictitious autobiography: Fabrication inflation or deflation? Memory, 28(6), 741–752. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1771371 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Erreur mnésique consistant à croire à la réalité des événements que le sujet a précédemment décrits dans des propos mensongers. Memory error occurring when the subject believes in events that he/she has previously reported in lies. fabrication inflation inflation par fabrication Frank Arnould Hovland, C. I., & Weiss, W. (1951). The influence of source credibility on communication effectiveness. Public Opinion Quarterly, 15(4), 635-650. https://doi.org/10.1086/266350 Kumkale, G. T., & Albarracin, D. (2004). The sleeper effect in persuasion: A meta-analytic review. Psychological bulletin, 130(1), 143-172. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.130.1.143 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Dans certaines circonstances, un message produit par une source peu crédible devient plus persuasif avec le temps. In some circumstances, a message produced by a low credible source becomes more persuasive over time. effet d'assoupissement sleeper effect Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Sharman, S. J., Manning, C. G., & Garry, M. (2005). Explain this: Explaining childhood events inflates confidence for those events. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19(1), 67–74. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1041 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Explaining hypothetical childhood events makes people more confident that these events really happened (Sharman et al., 2003). Expliquer des événements d'enfance hypothétiques rend plus confiant dans le fait que ces événements se sont réellement déroulés (Sharman et al., 2003). explanation inflation inflation par explication Frank Arnould Chang, T. M. (1986). Semantic memory: Facts and models. Psychological Bulletin, 99(2), 199–220. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.99.2.199 2017-12-04 2021-07-05 fast-true effect Dans une tâche de vérification de phrases, réponses plus rapides pour les phrases vraies que pour les phrases fausses. In a sentence verification task, faster response for true than for false sentences. effet vrai-faux true-false effect Danek, A. H., & Wiley, J. (2020). What causes the insight memory advantage ? [Data set]. PsychArchives. http://dx.doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.3115 Frank Arnould Auble, P. M., Franks, J. J., Soraci, S. A., Soraci, S. A., & Soraci, S. A. (1979). Effort toward comprehension : Elaboration or “aha”? Memory & Cognition, 7(6), 426‑434. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198259 Danek, A. H., & Wiley, J. (2020). What causes the insight memory advantage? Cognition, 104411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104411 Danek, A. H., Fraps, T., von Müller, A., Grothe, B., & Öllinger, M. (2013). Aha! experiences leave a mark : Facilitated recall of insight solutions. Psychological Research, 77(5), 659‑669. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-012-0454-8 Kizilirmak, J. M., Galvao Gomes da Silva, J., Imamoglu, F., & Richardson-Klavehn, A. (2016). Generation and the subjective feeling of “aha!” are independently related to learning from insight. Psychological Research, 80(6), 1059‑1074. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-015-0697-2 2020-09-08 2023-09-04 effet mnémonique de l'insight effet mnésique de l'insight mnemonic effect of insight Better memory for solutions to problem-solving tasks when they are found with an insight experience. Meilleure mémoire des solutions à des tâches de résolution de problèmes quand elles sont trouvées en étant accompagnées d’une expérience de compréhension soudaine (insight). avantage mnésique de l'insight insight memory advantage Hutmacher, F., & Kuhbandner, C. (2020, October 26). Does the attentional boost effect depend on the intentionality of encoding? doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/6FEJ2 Mulligan, N. (2021, November 10). Attentional Boost Manipulation, Encoding and Retrieval. https://osf.io/dpaxy Mulligan, N. (2023, May 25). Attentional Boost Manipulation, Encoding and Retrieval. https://osf.io/dpaxy Spataro, P. (2022, March 17). Exploring the roles of distinctiveness and performance anticipation in the Attentional Boost Effect. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/U5DKG Toh, Y. N., & Lee, V. G. (2021, November 10). Response, rather than target detection, triggers the attentional boost effect in visual search. https://osf.io/9b6au Toh, Y. N., & Lee, V. G. (2022, April 2). Target detection and response both contribute to the attentional boost effect. https://osf.io/2nxmh Toh, Y. N., & Lee, V. G. (2022, April 26). Why did context memory for words escape the attentional boost effect? https://osf.io/e9cga Frank Arnould Mulligan, N. W., Spataro, P., & West, J. T. (2023). Memory and attention: A double dissociation between memory encoding and memory retrieval. Cognition, 238, 105509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105509 Swallow, K. M., & Jiang, Y. V. (2010). The Attentional Boost Effect: Transient increases in attention to one task enhance performance in a second task. Cognition, 115(1), 118–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2009.12.003 Swallow, K. M., & Jiang, Y. V. (2011). The role of timing in the attentional boost effect. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 73(2), 389–404. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-010-0045-y Swallow, K., & Jiang, Y. (2013). Attentional load and attentional boost: A review of data and theory. Frontiers in Psychology, 4. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00274 2017-12-04 2023-06-23 ABE "a phenomenon in which the detection of targets in a secondary task enhances encoding of co-occurring stimuli." (Mulligan et al., 2023). « un phénomène dans lequel la détection de cibles dans une tâche secondaire renforce l'encodage de stimuli cooccurrents. » (Mulligan et al., 2023). For example, participants learn faces while performing a target detection task (pressing a button when a blue square appears next to a face and not pressing the button when the square is of another color). Long-term memory for faces is improved when they are encoded with the target (blue square). Par exemple, les participants mémorisent des visages tout en effectuant une tâche de détection d’une cible (appuyer sur un bouton quand un carré bleu apparaît à côté d’un visage et ne pas appuyer sur ce bouton quand le carré est d’une autre couleur). La mémoire à long terme des visages est améliorée quand ils sont encodés avec la cible (carré bleu). attentional boost effect effet d'amélioration attentionnelle Frank Arnould Jones, D., & J. Macken, W. (1993). Irrelevant tones produce an irrelevant speech effect: Implications for phonological coding in working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19, 369–381. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.19.2.369 2018-09-12 2023-04-03 Perturbation de la mémoire verbale à court terme quand la tâche de mémoire s'est effectuée alors que le sujet entendait des sons (par exemple, de la musique instrumentale ou des sons de parole) qu'on lui demandait d'ignorer. The disruption of short-term verbal memory when the memory task was performed while the subject was hearing sounds (e. g., instrumental music or speech) that he or she was asked to ignore. effet du son non écouté ​ irrelevant sound effect Frank Arnould Bacon, W. F., & Egeth, H. E. (1994). Overriding stimulus-driven attentional capture. Perception & Psychophysics, 55(5), 485–496. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03205306 Folk, C. L., Remington, R. W., & Johnston, J. C. (1992). Involuntary covert orienting is contingent on attentional control settings. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18(4), 1030–1044. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.18.4.1030 Maquestiaux, F. (2017). Psychologie de l’attention (2ᵉ éd.). De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Theeuwes, J. (1992). Perceptual selectivity for color and form. Perception & Psychophysics, 51(6), 599–606. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211656 Theeuwes, J. (1994). Stimulus-driven capture and attentional set: Selective search for color and visual abrupt onsets. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 20(4), 799–806. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.20.4.799 2020-11-24 2023-09-04 capture de l'attention A phenomenon that occurs when the accuracy or the detection time of a target stimulus is influenced by the automatic redirection of attention to an irrelevant stimulus. Phénomène apparaissant quand la précision ou le temps de détection d’un stimulus cible sont influencés par la redirection automatique de l’attention vers un stimulus non pertinent. attentional capture capture attentionnelle Frank Arnould Burns, D. J. (2004). The simultaneous acquisition effect: simultaneous task learning inhibits memory for order. The American Journal of Psychology, 117(2), 229–248. https://doi.org/10.2307/4149024 Burns, D. J., & Ladd, M. V. (2006). The simultaneous learning effect: Why does simultaneous task learning improve retention? The American journal of psychology, 119(3), 385–405. https://doi.org/10.2307/20445350 Underwood, B. J., & Lund, A. M. (1979). Retention differences as a function of the number of verbal lists learned simultaneously. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 5(2), 151-159. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.5.2.151 Underwood, B. J., & Lund, A. M. (1980). Process similarity and the simultaneous acquisition retention phenomenon. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 16(5), 325–328. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03329556 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 effet de l’acquisition simultanée simultaneous acquisition effect simultaneous acquisition retention phenomenon Le rappel d'une liste de mots acquise en même temps qu'une ou plusieurs autres listes est meilleur que le rappel de cette liste quand elle est acquise séparément. De même, le taux d'oubli d'une liste est plus faible en cas d'acquisition simultanée qu'en cas d'acquisition séparée. The recall of a list of words acquired at the same time as one or more other lists is better than the recall of that list when it is acquired separately. Similarly, the forgetting rate of a list is lower in case of simultaneous acquisition compared to separate acquisition. effet de l'apprentissage simultané simultaneous learning effect Frank Arnould Gerlach, C., Kühn, C. D., Mathiassen, A. B., Kristensen, C. L., & Starrfelt, R. (2023). The face inversion effect or the face upright effect? Cognition, 232, 105335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105335 Yin, R. K. (1969). Looking at upside-down faces. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 81(1), 141-145. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027474 2018-03-15 2023-03-16 effet d'inversion du visage effet de renversement du visage effet du renversement face inversion effect Face memory is more impaired than object memory when the stimuli are inverted (Yin, 1969). La reconnaissance des visages est plus perturbée que la reconnaissance d'objets lorsque les stimuli sont inversés (Yin, 1969). effet d'inversion inversion effect Meinhardt, M., Bell, R., Buchner, A., & Röer, J. P. (2019, May 3). Adaptive memory: Is the animacy effect on memory due to richness of encoding? https://osf.io/c2a68 Mieth, L., Röer, J. P., Buchner, A., & Bell, R. (2019, July 1). Adaptive memory: 
 Enhanced source memory for animate entities. https://osf.io/axtjm VanArsdall, J., & Blunt, J. (2021, March 19). Method of Loci and Animacy. https://osf.io/qj8pb Frank Arnould Gelin, M. (2017). Mémoire adaptative et effet animé: Notre mémoire fonctionne-t’elle encore comme à l’âge de pierre? Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté. Gelin, M., Bugaiska, A., Méot, A., & Bonin, P. (2017). Are animacy effects in episodic memory independent of encoding instructions? Memory (Hove, England), 25(1), 2–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1117643 Komar, G. F., Mieth, L., Buchner, A., & Bell, R. (2023). The animacy effect on free recall is equally large in mixed and pure word lists or pairs. Scientific Reports, 13(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38342-z Nairne, J. S., VanArsdall, J. E., Pandeirada, J. N. S., Cogdill, M., & LeBreton, J. M. (2013). Adaptive memory: The mnemonic value of animacy. Psychological Science, 24(10), 2099-2105. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797613480803 VanArsdall, J. E., Nairne, J. S., Pandeirada, J. N. S., & Blunt, J. R. (2013). Adaptive memory: animacy processing produces mnemonic advantages. Experimental Psychology, 60(3), 172-178. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000186 2017-12-04 2023-07-21 effet animé effet d'animéité Better memory for animate than for inanimate stimuli. Meilleure mémoire pour les stimuli animés que pour les stimuli inanimés. animacy effect effet d'animacité Frank Arnould Anderson, C. (2005). Calendar and reverse calendar effects : Time peaks in memory as a function of temporal cues. Memory, 13(2), 113–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210344000620 Pillemer, D. B., Goldsmith, L. R., Panter, A. T., & White, S. H. (1988). Very long-term memories of the first year in college. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 14(4), 709–715. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.14.4.709 Robinson, J. A. (1986). Temporal reference systems and autobiographical memory. In D. C. Rubin (Ed.), Autobiographical memory (p. 159–188). Cambridge University Press. 2020-06-26 2023-03-15 Indice temporel : l'effet est inversé en l'absence d'indice temporel (meilleur rappel pour les semestres du milieu d'une année scolaire). (Anderson, 2005). Temporal cue: The effect is reversed in the absence of a temporal cue (better recall for mid-year semesters). (Anderson, 2005). Chez les étudiants, rappel d'un plus grand nombre de souvenirs autobiographiques pour des événements ayant eu lieu vers le début et vers la fin d'une année scolaire que pour toute autre période. Students recall more autobiographical memories of events that took place near the beginning and end of an academic year than for any other period. calendar effect effet du calendrier Frank Arnould Johansson, P., Hall, L., Sikström, S., & Olsson, A. (2005). Failure to detect mismatches between intention and outcome in a simple decision task. Science, 310(5745), 116-119. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1111709 2017-12-04 2023-07-18 Effect showing that subjects do not always remember and are not necessarily aware of their past choices. Effet montrant que les sujets ne se souviennent pas forcément et ne sont pas toujours conscients des choix qu'ils ont faits. Ce phénomène est décrit pour la première fois en 2005 dans une expérience publiée par Petter Johansson et son équipe de l’université de Lund en Suède. L’expérience se déroule comme suit. L’expérimentateur présente aux participants des paires de cartes. Sur chaque carte d’une paire se trouve la photographie d’une femme différente. La tâche des sujets consiste à choisir le visage qu’ils jugent le plus attirant. Immédiatement après un choix, l’expérimentateur leur demande parfois de justifier leur décision, ce qu’ils réalisent volontiers, même quand, à leur insu, c’est la photographie non choisie qui leur est présentée. Une minorité de participants a détecté la substitution. L’effet de cécité au choix apparaît plus fréquent quand les sujets doivent prendre leur décision rapidement. This phenomenon was first documented in 2005 in an experiment published by Petter Johansson and his team at Lund University in Sweden. The experiment proceeds as follows. The experimenter shows the participants a series of card pairs. A photograph of a different woman is displayed on each card of a pair. The subjects' task is to choose the face they find most attractive. Immediately after a choice, the experimenter sometimes asks them to justify their decision, which they readily do, even when, unbeknownst to them, it is the unchosen photograph that is presented to them. A minority of participants detected the substitution. The choice-blindness effect appeared more frequently when subjects had to make their decision quickly. choice blindness cécité du choix choice blindness effect effet de cécité du choix Frank Arnould Paris, S. G. (1978). Coordination of means and goals in the development of mnenomic skills. In P. A. Ornstein (Ed.), Memory development in children (p. 259-273). Laurence Erlbaum Associates. 2017-12-04 2021-07-15 Absence d’utilisation de stratégies mnémoniques pour améliorer la performance de la mémoire chez les jeunes enfants. Failure to use memory strategies to improve memory performance in young children. déficience de médiation mediation deficiency Frank Arnould Mulligan, N. W. (1999). The effects of perceptual interference at encoding on organization and order: Investigating the roles of item-specific and relational information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25(1), 54-69. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.25.1.54 Mulligan, N. W. (2002). The generation effect: Dissociating enhanced item memory and disrupted order memory. Memory & Cognition, 30(6), 850–861. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03195771 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Brief presentation of a word followed by a retroactive mask improves memory for the word in free recall, cued recall, and recognition (Mulligan, 1999, 2002). Effet montrant que la présentation brève d’un mot suivi d'un masquage rétroactif améliore la mémoire de ce mot en rappel libre, en rappel indicé ou en reconnaissance (Mulligan, 1999, 2002). effet d'interférence perceptive perceptual interference effect Frank Arnould Crowder, R. G. (1967). Prefix effects in immediate memory. Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie, 21(5), 450-461. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0082997 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 En mémoire immédiate, perturbation du rappel d'une série d'items qui a été précédée d'un item redondant que les participants doivent ignorer. Immediate recall of a series of items is impaired when the series is preceded by an item that participants are told to ignore. effet du préfixe prefix effect Tsai, P.-C., Sachdeva, C., Scarampi, C., & Gilbert, S. (2022, November 11). Saving-enhanced memory: test order and list saving effects. https://osf.io/vb8te Frank Arnould Runge, Y., Frings, C., & Tempel, T. (2019). Saving-enhanced performance: Saving items after study boosts performance in subsequent cognitively demanding tasks. Memory, 27(10), 1462–1467. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1654520 Runge, Y., Frings, C., & Tempel, T. (2021). Specifying the mechanisms behind benefits of saving-enhanced memory. Psychological Research, 85(4), 1633–1644. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-020-01341-0 Runge, Y., Frings, C., Tempel, T., & Pastötter, B. (2021). Electrophysiological correlates of saving-enhanced memory: Exploring similarities to list-method directed forgetting. European Journal of Neuroscience, 54(6), 6060–6074. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.15368 Storm, B. C., & Stone, S. M. (2015). Saving-enhanced memory: The benefits of saving on the learning and remembering of new information. Psychological Science, 26(2), 182–188. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614559285 Tsai, P.-C., Sachdeva, C., Gilbert, S. J., & Scarampi, C. (in press). An investigation of the saving-enhanced memory effect: The role of test order and list saving. Applied Cognitive Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4067 2021-09-20 2023-09-04 Effect showing that studying and saving the content of one file before studying a new file improves the memory of the content of this new file (Storm & Stone, 2015). Effet montrant qu'étudier et sauvegarder dans un ordinateur le contenu d'un fichier avant d'étudier un nouveau fichier améliore la mémoire du contenu de ce nouveau fichier (Storm & Stone, 2015). saving-enhanced memory effet de mémoire améliorée par la sauvegarde saving-enhanced memory effect Saint-Aubin, J., Yearsley, J. M., Poirier, M., Cyr, V., & Guitard, D. (2021). A model of the production effect over the short-term : The cost of relative distinctiveness. Journal of Memory and Language, 118, 104219. doi:10.1016/j.jml.2021.104219 Zormpa, E., & Brehm, L. (2020, March 21). The production and the generation effect improve memory in picture naming. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/7KQ5S Frank Arnould Bodner, G. E., Taikh, A., & Fawcett, J. M. (2014). Assessing the costs and benefits of production in recognition. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 21(1), 149–154. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-013-0485-1 Hopkins, R. H., & Edwards, R. E. (1972). Pronunciation effects in recognition memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11(4), 534‑537. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80036-7 MacLeod, C. M., & Bodner, G. E. (2017). The production effect in memory. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 26(4), 390‑395. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721417691356 MacLeod, C. M., Gopie, N., Hourihan, K. L., Neary, K. R., & Ozubko, J. D. (2010). The production effect: Delineation of a phenomenon. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 36(3), 671-685. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018785 MacLeod, C. M., Ozubko, J. D., Hourihan, K. L., & Major, J. C. (2022). The production effect is consistent over material variations: Support for the distinctiveness account. Memory, 30(8), 1000–1007. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2069270 Saint-Aubin, J., Yearsley, J. M., Poirier, M., Cyr, V., & Guitard, D. (2021). A model of the production effect over the short-term : The cost of relative distinctiveness. Journal of Memory and Language, 118, 104219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2021.104219 2017-12-04 2023-04-20 Age: the production effect is reduced in older people compared to younger adults (Lin & MacLeod, 2012). Composition de la liste : en reconnaissance, l'effet de production est réduit quand les listes sont composées entièrement d’items à lire à haute voix/items à lire silencieusement comparativement à des listes mixtes (composées d’items à lire à haute voix et d’items à lire silencieusement). En rappel, effet observé uniquement avec des listes mixtes (Fawcett, 2013 ; MacLeod & Bodner, 2017). List composition: in recognition tasks, the production effect is reduced when lists are composed entirely of read-aloud/silently read items compared to mixed lists (composed of read-aloud and silent items). In recall tasks, effect observed only with mixed lists (Fawcett, 2013; MacLeod & Bodner, 2017). Type de production : absence d’effet de production quand un même mot (par exemple « Oui ») est produit de manière répétée pour chaque mot de la liste (MacLeod et al., 2010). Type de test : absence d’effet de production dans un test de mémoire implicite (MacLeod et al. 2010). Type of production: No production effect when the same word (e.g. "Yes") is produced repeatedly for each word in the list (MacLeod et al., 2010). Type of test: no production effect in an implicit memory test (MacLeod et al. 2010). Âge : l'effet de production est réduit chez les personnes âgées comparativement à des adultes jeunes (Lin & MacLeod, 2012). Meilleure mémoire pour des mots qui ont été lus à haute voix que pour des mots lus silencieusement. Words read aloud are better remembered than words read silently. effet de production production effect Frank Arnould Conrad, R. (1960). Serial order intrusions in immediate memory. British Journal of Psychology, 51(1), 45-48. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1960.tb00723.x 2017-12-04 2021-07-15 effet de protrusion protrusion effect After memorizing a list A of items and then a list B, type of error that occurs when subjects, remembering the list B, replace an item in the list B with an item from the list A that occupies the same serial position. Après avoir mémorisé une liste A d'items puis une liste B, erreur se manifestant quand les sujets, en se souvenant de la liste B, remplacent un élément de la liste B par un élément de la liste A occupant la même position sérielle. intrusion de l'ordre sériel serial order intrusion Frank Arnould Chen, O., Paas, F., & Sweller, J. (2021). Spacing and interleaving effects require distinct theoretical bases: A systematic review testing the cognitive load and discriminative-contrast hypotheses. Educational Psychology Review, 33(4), 1499–1522. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09613-w Kurtz, K. H., & Hovland, C. I. (1956). Concept learning with differing sequences of instances. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 51(4), 239–243. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040295 Taylor, K., & Rohrer, D. (2010). The effects of interleaved practice. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24(6), 837–848. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1598 Yan, V. X., & Sana, F. (2021). The robustness of the interleaving benefit. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 10(4), 589–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2021.05.002 2021-09-14 2023-09-04 Patrice Terrier bénéfice de l’intercalage effet d'entremêlement interleaving benefit « L’étude ou la pratique de plusieurs concepts de manière entremêlé conduit à un meilleur apprentissage que le fait de se concentrer sur un seul concept à la fois. » (Yan & Sana, 2021, p. 499). “Studying or practicing multiple concepts in a mixed-up order leads to better learning than does focusing on one concept at a time.“ (Yan & Sana, 2021, p. 499). effet d'intercalage interleaving effect Frank Arnould Henson, R. N. A. (1998). Short-term memory for serial order: The Start-End Model. Cognitive Psychology, 36(2), 73–137. https://doi.org/10.1006/cogp.1998.0685 Surprenant, A., Kelley, M., Farley, L., & Neath, I. (2005). Fill-in and infill errors in order memory. Memory (Hove, England), 13, 267–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210344000396 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 erreur de remplissage fill-in error Dans une tâche de rappel sériel, quand un sujet rappelle par erreur un item une position trop tôt, il est plus souvent suivi par un item qui le précédait dans la liste d'étude que par un item qui lui succédait. In a serial recall task, when an item is erroneously recalled too early, it is followed by an item that preceded it more often than by an item that succeeded it. erreurs de remplissage fill-in errors effet de remplissage fill-in effect Frank Arnould Seitz, B. M., Polack, C. W., & Miller, R. R. (2018). Adaptive memory : Is there a reproduction-processing effect? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 44(8), 1167‑1179. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000513 2020-10-05 2023-09-04 Psychologie Psychology Type de scénario : l'effet n'apparait pas quand les mots sont traités en jugeant de leur pertinence vis-à-vis d'un contexte (ancestral ou moderne) de recherche d'un partenaire. Type of scenario: the effect does not appear when the words are processed by judging their relevance to a mating scenario (ancestral or modern). Better memory for words when they are processed by judging their relevance to an ancestral context of reproduction (parenting). Meilleure mémoire de mots quand ceux-ci sont traités en jugeant de leur pertinence vis-à-vis d'un contexte ancestral de reproduction (prendre soin de sa descendance). effet du traitement lié à la reproduction reproduction processing effect Frank Arnould Congleton, A. R., & Berntsen, D. (2020). It took me by surprise: Examining the retroactive enhancement effect for memory of naturally unfolding events. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2020.03.003 2020-05-28 2022-03-31 Better memory for the details of a personal event preceding an unexpected detail. Meilleure mémoire des détails d’un évènement personnel quand celui-ci se termine par un détail surprenant, inattendu. effet d’amélioration rétroactive retroactive enhancement effect Frank Arnould Hargreaves, I. S., Pexman, P. M., Johnson, J. C., & Zdrazilova, L. (2012). Richer concepts are better remembered : Number of features effects in free recall. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00073 Lau, M. C., Goh, W. D., & Yap, M. J. (2018). An item-level analysis of lexical-semantic effects in free recall and recognition memory using the megastudy approach: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021817739834 Lau, M. C., Roodenrys, S., & Miller, L. M. (2020). Semantic feature effect in verbal short-term memory. Memory, 28(6), 815‑829. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1788096 2020-09-14 2023-09-04 Better memory for words with a high number of semantic features. Meilleure mémoire des mots ayant un nombre élevé de traits sémantiques. effet des traits sémantiques semantic feature effect Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Geiselman, R. E., Fisher, R. P., MacKinnon, D. P., & Holland, H. L. (1986). Enhancement of eyewitness memory with the cognitive interview. The American Journal of Psychology, 99(3), 385‑401. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Eyewitnesses are more resistant to misleading suggestions when they are first interviewed with a Cognitive Interview. This effect is not always observed. Les témoins oculaires résistent mieux aux suggestions trompeuses s'ils ont d'abord été interrogés à l'aide d'un Entretien cognitif. Cet effet n'est pas toujours observé. Geiselman effect effet Geiselman Frank Arnould Schneider, W., Kron, V., Hünnerkopf, M., & Krajewski, K. (2004). The development of young children’s memory strategies: First findings from the Würzburg Longitudinal Memory Study. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 88(2), 193–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2004.02.004 2017-12-04 2021-07-05 On parle de déficience d’utilisation lorsque des enfants utilisent spontanément ou après un entraînement une stratégie mnémonique sans pour autant réussir à améliorer leur mémoire. Situation when children use a strategy spontaneously or after a training session but fail to improve their memory. déficience d’utilisation utilization deficiency Crozier, W. E., & Strange, D. (2018, September 21). Correcting the Misinformation Effect. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/25AMW Cullen, H. J., Dilevski, N., Nitschke, F. T., & Ribeiro, G. (2022, March 9). The effect of misinformation on juror memory and decision-making. https://osf.io/wqgsm/ Hardwicke, T. E. (2016, August 25). Chapter 4 Revisiting the misinformation effect: Does disruption of reconsolidation enable memory trace overwriting? https://osf.io/7wn8c/ Houben, S. T. L., Otgaar, H., Roelofs, J., & Merckelbach, H. (2019). Lateral Eye Movements Increase False Memory Rates [Data set]. DataverseNL. doi:10.34894/J3HPR4 Inducing resistance to the misinformation effect by means of reinforced self-affirmation: The importance of positive feedback. (2019). [Data set]. PLOS ONE. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0210987 Irwanda, D. Y., Maulina, D., Otgaar, H., & Bücken, C. A. (2021, October 22). False memory: misinformation type and age. https://osf.io/x9v3m/ Le Moignan, E., Patihis, L., & Mangiulli, I. (2022, March 8). The effects of simulating amnesia and misinformation on memory performance for mock offenders. https://osf.io/kms62/ Luke, T. J., Crozier, W. E., & Strange, D. (2021, November 23). Memory errors in Police Interviews: The Bait Question as a Source of Misinformation. https://osf.io/m8qt2/ Peters, A., Otgaar, H., & Chan, J. C. (2017, August 4). NICHD Protocol and Misinformation. https://osf.io/vyngz Putnam, A. L., Sungkhasettee, V., & Roediger, H. L., III. (2021, October 11). When Misinformation Improves Memory: The Effects of Recollecting Change. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/DW9BK Race, E., & Karanian, J. M. (2020, June 18). Protecting memory from misinformation: Warnings modulate cortical reinstatement during memory retrieval. https://osf.io/wgn83/ Robin, F., Ménétrier, E., & Beffara Bret, B. (2021, June 11). Effect of visual imagery on false memories in DRM and Misinformation paradigms. https://osf.io/zsh3b/ Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Ayers, M. S., & Reder, L. M. (1998). A theoretical review of the misinformation effect: Predictions from an activation-based memory model. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 5(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03209454 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Blank, H., & Launay, C. (2014). How to protect eyewitness memory against the misinformation effect: A meta-analysis of post-warning studies. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 3(2), 77–88. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0101798 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Calvillo, D. P., & Emami, A. S. (2019). Do lateral eye movements increase susceptibility to misinformation? A registered replication. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(6), 1905–1910. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01641-6 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Davis, D. (2014). Misinformation effects in older versus younger adults: A meta-analysis and review. In M. P. Toglia, D. F. Ross, J. D. Pozzulo, & E. Pica (Eds.), The elderly eyewitness in court (pp. 38–66). Psychology Press. [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Houben, S. T. L., Otgaar, H., Roelofs, J., & Merckelbach, H. (2018). Lateral eye movements increase false memory rates. Clinical Psychological Science, 6(4), 610–616. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702618757658 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Loftus, E. F. (2005). Planting misinformation in the human mind: A 30-year investigation of the malleability of memory. Learning & Memory, 12(4), 361–366. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.94705 [Document type: literature review / Access: free] PeConga, E., Pickrell, J. E., Bernstein, D. M., & Loftus, E. F. (2022). Misinformation effect. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions: Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgment, and memory (3rd ed.). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Putnam, A. L., Sungkhasettee, V. W., & Roediger, H. L. (2017). When misinformation improves memory: The effects of recollecting change. Psychological Science, 28(1), 36–46. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797616672268 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Rindal, E. J., Chrobak, Q. M., Zaragoza, M. S., & Weihing, C. A. (2017). Mechanisms of eyewitness suggestibility: Tests of the explanatory role hypothesis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24(5), 1413–1425. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1201-8 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Sharma, P. R., Wade, K. A., & Jobson, L. (2023). A systematic review of the relationship between emotion and susceptibility to misinformation. Memory, 31(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2120623 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 effet de fausse information effet de l'information post-évènementielle effet de l’information nouvelle erronée effet des informations trompeuses post-event information effect "The misinformation effect refers to the tendency for post-event misleading information to reduce memory accuracy for the original event." (PeConga et al., 2022, p. 419). « L’effet de désinformation désigne la tendance qu'ont les informations trompeuses postérieures à un événement à réduire la précision de la mémoire de cet évènement. » (PeConga et al., 2022, p. 419). effet de désinformation misinformation effect Frank Arnould Maxfield, L. (1997). Attention and semantic priming: a review of prime task effects. Consciousness and Cognition, 6(2-3), 204-218. https://doi.org/10.1006/ccog.1997.0311 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Reduction or elimination of semantic priming when certain tasks are performed on the prime (e.g. finding a letter or the repetition of a letter). Réduction ou élimination de l'effet d'amorçage sémantique quand certaines tâches sont effectuées sur l'amorce (par exemple, la recherche d'une lettre ou de la répétition d'une lettre). effet de la tâche sur l'amorçe prime-task effect Roberts, B. R. T., Fernandes, M., & MacLeod, C. M. (2022, May 8). The Enactment Effect: A Meta-Analysis. https://osf.io/f4ymv Thibaut, B., Michalland, A.-H., Martin, S., & Brouillet, D. (2021, March 13). When the action to be performed at the stage of retrieval enacts memory of action verbs. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/ANZG6 Frank Arnould Brouillet, T., Michalland, A.-H., Martin, S., & Brouillet, D. (2021). When the action to be performed at the stage of retrieval enacts memory of action verbs. Experimental Psychology, 68(1), 18‑31. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000507 Cohen, R. L. (1981). On the generality of some memory laws. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 22(1), 267–281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.1981.tb00402.x Hainselin, M., Quinette, P., & Eustache, F. (2013). Qu’est-ce que la mémoire de l’action ? Revue théorique et perspectives. Revue de neuropsychologie, neurosciences cognitives et cliniques, 5(2), 129–134. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.052.0129 Roberts, B. R. T., MacLeod, C. M., & Fernandes, M. A. (2022). The enactment effect : A systematic review and meta-analysis of behavioral, neuroimaging, and patient studies. Psychological Bulletin, 148(5‑6), 397‑434. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000360 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 effet de réalisation d'une action "The enactment effect is the observation that physically performing an action represented by a word or phrase leads to enhanced memory for that information relative to simply reading it." (Roberts et al., 2022, p. 397). « L’effet d’exécution de l’action est l’observation que la réalisation physique d'une action représentée par un mot ou une phrase conduit à une meilleure mémorisation de cette information par rapport à sa simple lecture. » (Roberts et al., 2022, p. 397). effet d'exécution des actions effet de réalisation des actions effet d'exécution d'une action enactment effect Frank Arnould Eich, E. (1995). Searching for mood dependent memory. Psychological Science, 6(2), 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00309.x Girden, E., & Culler, E. (1937). Conditioned responses in curarized striate muscle in dogs. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 23(2), 261–274. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0058634 Gisquet-Verrier, P., & Riccio, D. C. (2018). Memory integration: An alternative to the consolidation/reconsolidation hypothesis. Progress in Neurobiology, 171, 15–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.10.002 Overton, D. A. (1964). State-dependent or “dissociated” learning produced with pentobarbital. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 57, 3–12. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0048023 Radulovic, J., Jovasevic, V., & Meyer, M. A. (2017). Neurobiological mechanisms of state-dependent learning. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 45, 92–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2017.05.013 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 apprentissage dépendant de l'état récupération dépendante de l'état state-dependent learning state-dependent retrieval Phénomène montrant que la récupération de souvenirs est plus performante si la remémoration s'effectue lorsque le sujet est dans le même état physiologique, affectif ou émotionnel que celui présent pendant la mémorisation. The retrieval of a memory is more effective if the memory is retrieved when the subject is in the same physiological, affective, or emotional state as when the memory was acquired. mémoire dépendante de l'état state-dependent memory Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Davis, R. L., & Zhong, Y. (2017). The biology of forgetting—A perspective. Neuron, 95(3), 490–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.05.039 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Eysenck, M. W., & Groome, D. (Eds.). (2020). Forgetting: Explaining memory failure. SAGE Publications Ltd. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Moreno, A. (2021). Molecular mechanisms of forgetting. European Journal of Neuroscience, 54(8), 6912–6932. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14839 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Radvansky, G. A., Doolen, A. C., Pettijohn, K. A., & Ritchey, M. (2022). A new look at memory retention and forgetting. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48(11), 1698–1723. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001110 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Ryan, T. J., & Frankland, P. W. (2022). Forgetting as a form of adaptive engram cell plasticity. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-021-00548-3 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Sala, S. D. (Ed.). (2010). Forgetting. Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203851647 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wixted, J.T. (2004). The psychology and neuroscience of forgetting. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 235-269. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141555 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wixted, J. T. (2022). Absolute versus relative forgetting. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48(12), 1775‑1786. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001196 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 forgetfulness oblivescence oblivion obliviscence Broadly speaking, normal or pathological inability to retrieve memories. De façon générale, on parle d'oubli lorsqu'un sujet manifeste une incapacité normale ou d'origine pathologique à récupérer des informations. oublis forgetting oubli Akan, M., & Benjamin, A. (2017). The effects of testing on memory for context. https://osf.io/bqr5f/ Eersel, G. van, Verkoeijen, P., & Bouwmeester, S. (2015). Does retrieval practice depend on semantic cues? Assessing the fuzzy trace account of the testing effect [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/nx3zm/ Lima, M., & Buratto, L. (2022, November 18). The Test–Retest Reliability of the Retrieval Practice Effect. https://osf.io/chmb8 Pan, S. C. (2019). Test-enhanced learning and effects of retrieval processes on long-term memory [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/jd5qh/ Pan, S. C., Gupta, M., & Rickard, T. C. (2021, July 3). Dual memory model of the testing effect. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/GYB6C Sitoh, A. (2020, September 13). Testing Effect and Recognition Memory. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/WY8S2 Zhifang Ye and Gui Xue (2020). Retrieval practice facilitates memory updating by enhancing and differentiating medial prefrontal cortex representations. OpenNeuro. [Dataset] doi: 10.18112/openneuro.ds002773.v1.0.0 Frank Arnould Adesope, O. O., Trevisan, D. A., & Sundararajan, N. (2017). Rethinking the use of tests: A meta-analysis of practice testing. Review of Educational Research, 87(3), 659–701. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654316689306 Agarwal, P. K., Nunes, L. D., & Blunt, J. R. (2021). Retrieval practice consistently benefits student learning: A systematic review of applied research in schools and classrooms. Educational Psychology Review, 33(4), 1409–1453. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09595-9 Eisenkraemer, R. E., Jaeger, A., & Stein, L. M. (2013). A systematic review of the testing effect in learning. Paidéia, 23(56), 397–406. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-43272356201314 Glover, J. A. (1989). The “testing” phenomenon: Not gone but nearly forgotten. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(3), 392–399. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.81.3.392 Lamotte, M., Izaute, M., & Darnon, C. (2021). Can tests improve learning in real university classrooms? Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 33(8), 974–992. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2021.1956939 Lima, M. F. R. de, & Buratto, L. G. (in press). The test–retest reliability of the retrieval practice effect. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 17470218221141586. https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218221141586 McDermott, K. B. (2021). Practicing retrieval facilitates learning. Annual Review of Psychology, 72(1), 609-633. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-051019 Mulligan, N. W. (2020). Negative effects of repetition and testing. In A. M. Cleary & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Memory quirks : The study of odd phenomena in memory (p. 114‑136). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429264498-10 Mulligan, N. W., Buchin, Z. L., & West, J. T. (2020). Assessing why the testing effect is moderated by experimental design. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 46(7), 1293–1308. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000787 Polack, C. W., & Miller, R. R. (2022). Testing improves performance as well as assesses learning: A review of the testing effect with implications for models of learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition, 48(3), 222–241. https://doi.org/10.1037/xan0000323 Roediger, H. L., & Butler, A. C. (2011). The critical role of retrieval practice in long-term retention. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 15(1), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2010.09.003 Roediger, H. L., & Karpicke, J. D. (2006). Test-enhanced learning: Taking memory tests improves long-term retention. Psychological Science, 17(3), 249–255. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01693.x Roediger, H. L., & Karpicke, J. D. (2006). The power of testing memory: Basic research and implications for educational practice. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(3), 181–210. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00012.x Rowland, C. A. (2014). The effect of testing versus restudy on retention : A meta-analytic review of the testing effect. Psychological Bulletin, 140(6), 1432–1463. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037559 Schwieren, J., Barenberg, J., & Dutke, S. (2017). The testing effect in the psychology classroom: A meta-analytic perspective. Psychology Learning & Teaching, 16(2), 179–196. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475725717695149 2017-12-04 2023-03-30 Psychologie Psychology Délai du feeback : effet plus important quand le feedback est différé (Rowland, 2014). Experimental design: larger effect in an inter-subject design than in an intra-subject design (Rowland, 2014). Feeback delay: larger effect when feedback is delayed (Rowland, 2014). Feedback : effet plus important quand un feedback est apporté au sujet pendant le test initial, comparé à l'absence de feedback (Rowland, 2014). Feedback: larger effect when feedback is given to the subject during the initial test compared to no feedback (Rowland, 2014). Initial test type: larger effect with a cued recall task compared to a free recall or recognition task (Rowland, 2014). Intervalle de rétention (variable catégorielle) : effet plus important pour les intervalles de rétention supérieurs ou égaux à 1 jour comparativement aux intervalles inférieurs à un jour (Rowland, 2014). Intervalle de rétention (variable continue) : l’effet est de plus en plus important à mesure que l’intervalle de rétention augmente (Rowland, 2014). Plan expérimental : effet plus important dans un plan inter-sujets que dans un plan intra-sujets (Rowland, 2014). Retention interval (categorical variable): Larger effect for retention intervals greater than or equal to 1 day compared to intervals less than 1 day (Rowland, 2014). Retention interval (continuous variable): The effect becomes increasingly important as the retention interval increases (Rowland, 2014). Stimulus type: larger effect for paired associates and prose (Rowland, 2014). Type de stimulus : effet plus important pour les paires associées et la prose (Rowland, 2014). Type du test final : effet plus important dans une tâche de rappel indicé, comparativement à une tâche de rappel libre ou de reconnaissance (Rowland, 2014). Type du test initial : effet plus important avec une tâche de rappel indicé, comparativement à une tâche de rappel libre ou de reconnaissance (Rowland, 2014). Type of final test: larger effect in a cued recall task compared to a free recall or recognition task (Rowland, 2014). Homme Human apprentissage amélioré par le test apprentissage médiatisé par la récupération effet de la pratique de la récupération effet du test effet test retrieval practice effect retrieval-based learning retrieval-mediated learning test-enhanced learning Amélioration de la rétention à long terme lorsque les informations sont activement récupérées en mémoire par rapport au fait d'étudier à nouveau les informations ou de ne pas pratiquer la récupération. Improvement of long-term retention when information is actively retrieved from memory compared to studying the information again or not practicing retrieval. effet du testing testing effect Frank Arnould Allen, R. J., Hitch, G. J., & Baddeley, A. D. (2018). Exploring the sentence advantage in working memory: Insights from serial recall and recognition. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71(12), 2571–2585. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021817746929 Brener, R. (1940). An experimental investigation of memory span. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 26(5), 467–482. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0061096 2018-04-18 2023-03-22 effet de l'avantage des phrases sentence avantage effect In short-term memory, a list of words is better remembered if the words are presented as a sentence rather than as a non-grammatical list. ​En mémoire à court terme, une liste de mots est mieux rappelée quand les mots sont présentés sous forme d'une phrase que sous forme d'une liste non grammaticale. effet de supériorité des phrases sentence superiority effect Frank Arnould Doolen, A. C., & Radvansky, G. A. (2022). A novel study: Hypermnesia for books read years ago. Memory, 30(2), 92–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1993262 Erdelyi, M. H., & Becker, J. (1974). Hypermnesia for pictures : Incremental memory for pictures but not words in multiple recall trials. Cognitive Psychology, 6(1), 159‑171. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(74)90008-5 Erdelyi, M., & Kleinbard, J. (1978). Has Ebbinghaus decayed with time? The growth of recall (hypermnesia) over days. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Learning and Memory, 4(4), 275–289. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.4.4.275 Mulligan, N. W. (2006). Hypermnesia and total retrieval time. Memory, 14(4), 502–518. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210500513438 Wallner, L. A., & Bäuml, K.-H. T. (2018). Hypermnesia and the role of delay between study and test. Memory & Cognition, 46(6), 878‑894. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0809-5 2017-12-04 2022-05-15 Amélioration de la mémoire par la répétition de tests de récupération successifs. L'hypermnésie est constatée quand le nombre d’éléments nouveaux remémorés à travers les différents tests surpasse le nombre d’éléments oubliés. Memory improvement with successive repeated retrieval tests. Hypermnesia is established when the number of newly remembered items with trials exceeds the number of forgotten items. hypermnesia hypermnésie Frank Arnould Sedikides, C., & Green, J. D. (2004). What I don’t recall can’t hurt me: Information negativity versus information inconsistency as determinants of memorial self-defense. Social Cognition, 22(1), 4–29. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.22.1.4.30987 2017-12-04 2021-08-11 A tendency to forget negative feedback about oneself more frequently than positive or neutral feedback. Mnemic neglect is thought to be a way of protecting and preserving one's self-image. Tendance à oublier plus fréquemment les retours négatifs sur soi par rapport aux retours positifs ou neutres. La négligence mnésique constituerait une manière de protéger et de préserver son image de soi. mnemic neglect négligence mnésique Frank Arnould Conway, M., & Ross, M. (1984). Getting what you want by revising what you had. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47(4), 738–748. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.47.4.738 Markus, G. B. (1986). Stability and change in political attitudes: Observed, recalled, and “explained.” Political Behavior, 8(1), 21–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00987591 2017-12-04 2023-06-29 Biais de mémoire consistant à conformer un souvenir aux jugements, attitudes, évaluations, conceptions ou états du sujet au moment de la remémoration. Memory bias, which consists of making a memory consistent with the subject's judgments, attitudes, evaluations, beliefs, or states at the time of remembering. Markus (1986) a demandé à des sujets interviewés en 1982 de se souvenir de leurs attitudes politiques qu’ils avaient exprimées lors d’une précédente enquête en 1973. Les résultats montrent que leurs souvenirs sont plus proches de leurs attitudes évaluées en 1982 que des attitudes réellement exprimées neuf ans plus tôt (à l’exception de l’évaluation de la valeur libérale ou conservatrice de leur point de vue politique.).

Dans la recherche de Conway et Ross publiée en 1984, des étudiants sont répartis dans deux groupes : un groupe d’étudiants va recevoir un programme universitaire censé améliorer leurs aptitudes à l’apprentissage et un groupe contrôle d’étudiants placés sur une liste d’attente de ce programme. Pour les deux groupes, un premier entretien avant le début du programme consiste à leur demander d’évaluer eux-mêmes leurs aptitudes à l’apprentissage et le temps consacré à l’étude. Un entretien similaire est effectué à la fin du programme. Dans l’entretien final, on leur demande également de se souvenir de leurs évaluations initiales. 
Alors que les deux groupes ne diffèrent pas lors de l’évaluation initiale et que le programme s’avère inefficace, les étudiants ayant participé au programme rappellent des évaluations initiales de leurs aptitudes plus faibles qu’elles n’étaient (excepté pour l’évaluation du temps d’étude) alors que les étudiants sur la liste d’attente rappellent des évaluations ne différant guère de celles réellement effectuées lors du premier entretien. Les étudiants qui ont participé au programme ont probablement reconstruit un souvenir de leurs évaluations initiales pour le rendre consistant et conforme avec ce qui était attendu du programme universitaire, à savoir l’amélioration de leurs aptitudes d’apprentissage. 

Markus (1986) asked subjects interviewed in 1982 to recall their political attitudes as expressed in a previous survey in 1973. The results show that their recollections are closer to their attitudes assessed in 1982 than to the attitudes actually expressed nine years earlier (with the exception of the assessment of the liberal or conservative value of their political views).

In the research by Conway and Ross published in 1984, students were divided into two groups: a group of students who were to receive a university program that was supposed to improve their learning skills and a control group of students who were placed on a waiting list for this program. For both groups, an initial interview before the onset of the program consists of asking them to self-assess their learning skills and time spent studying. A similar interview is conducted at the end of the program. In the final interview, they are also asked to recall their initial assessments. 
While the two groups do not differ on the initial assessment and the program is found ineffective, students who participated in the program recall initial assessments of their skills that are lower than they were (except for the assessment of study time) while students on the waiting list recall assessments that do not differ much from those actually made in the first interview. Students who participated in the program likely reconstructed a memory of their initial assessments to make it consistent with what was expected from the university program, namely, the improvement of their learning skills. biais de cohérence consistency bias Frank Arnould 2018-12-03 Moniz, E., Righi, G., Peissig, J. J., & Tarr, M. J. (2010). The Clark Kent effect: What is the role of familiarity and eyeglasses in recognizing disguised faces? Journal of Vision, 10(7), 615–615. https://doi.org/10.1167/10.7.615 [Document type: empirical study / Access: free] 2023-03-15 Deterioration in face recognition performance when an accessory (wig or eyeglasses, for example) is added or subtracted between the encoding phase and the memory test phase. Détérioration de la performance en reconnaissance des visages quand un accessoire (perruque ou paire de lunettes, par exemple) est ajouté ou soustrait entre la phase d'encodage et la phase de test de la mémoire. Clark Kent effect effet Clark Kent Frank Arnould Friedman, D., & Johnson Jr., R. (2000). Event-related potential (ERP) studies of memory encoding and retrieval : A selective review. Microscopy Research and Technique, 51(1), 6‑28. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0029(20001001)51:1<6::AID-JEMT2>3.0.CO;2-R Gonthier, C., & Hot, P. (2013). Apports de l’électroencéphalographie à la compréhension de la mémoire. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 5(4), 243–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2013.0280 2017-12-04 2021-08-17 Amplitude plus importante des composantes FN400 et LPC des potentiels cognitifs évoqués quand un stimulus a été reconnu. Greater amplitude in FN400 and LPC components of event-related potentials when a stimulus is recognized. effet ancien/nouveau old/new effect Frank Arnould Rajaram, S. (1996). Perceptual effects on remembering: recollective processes in picture recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22(2), 365–377. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.22.2.365 2017-12-04 2021-08-11 La performance de la reconnaissance est meilleure lorsque la taille des stimuli est la même pendant l'étude et le test. The performance of recognition is better when the size of the stimuli is the same during the study and the test. effet de la congruence de la taille size congruency effect Frank Arnould Griffin, I. C., & Nobre, A. C. (2003). Orienting attention to locations in internal representations. Journal of cognitive neuroscience, 15(8), 1176–1194. https://doi.org/10.1162/089892903322598139 Landman, R., Spekreijse, H., & Lamme, V. A. F. (2003). Large capacity storage of integrated objects before change blindness. Vision Research, 43(2), 149-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0042-6989(02)00402-9 2017-12-04 2021-08-11 retro-cue advantage retro-cue benefit Effect observed when a cue, orienting the subject's attention to an item available in visual short-term memory, is presented during the retention interval. Compared to the absence of a cue or the presence of a non-informative cue, retro-cues improve the recognition of items (faster and more accurate responses). Effet observé quand un indice dirigeant l'attention du sujet vers un item disponible en mémoire à court terme visuelle est présenté pendant l'intervalle de rétention. Par rapport à l'absence d'indice ou à la présence d'un indice non informatif, l'indice rétroactif améliore la reconnaissance des items (réponses plus rapides et plus précises). effet de l'indice rétroactif retro-cue effect Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Charman, S. D., Wells, G. L., & Joy, S. W. (2011). The dud effect: Adding highly dissimilar fillers increases confidence in lineup identifications. Law and Human Behavior, 35(6), 479-500. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10979-010-9261-1 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Hanczakowski, M., Zawadzka, K., & Higham, P. A. (2014). The dud-alternative effect in memory for associations: Putting confidence into local context. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 21(2), 543-548. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-013-0497-x [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Windschitl, P. D., & Chambers, J. R. (2004). The dud-alternative effect in likelihood judgment. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30(1), 198-215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.1.198 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 dud effect Dans une tâche de mémoire à choix multiple, le fait d'inclure une alternative peu plausible augmente le niveau de confiance qu'attribuent les sujets à leur choix d'une alternative plausible. In a multiple-choice memory task, including a low plausible alternative increases the confidence level attributed to the choice of a plausible alternative. For example, Charman, Wells & Joy (2011) asked participants in their experiments to view a crime scene. Then, they were asked to identify the culprit in a police lineup. In fact, the culprit was not presented in the lineup. The results showed that the presence of implausible persons in the lineup (because their physical appearance was visually very different from that of the perpetrator) increased participants' confidence in identifying the perpetrator when they chose a plausible person (i.e. one who looked like the perpetrator). Par exemple, Charman, Wells & Joy (2011) ont demandé aux participants à leurs expériences de visionner une scène de crime. Puis, il leur était demandé d'identifier le coupable au cours d'un tapissage de police. En fait, le coupable n'était pas présenté dans la parade d'identification. Les résultats ont montré que la présence de figurants peu plausibles dans la parade (parce que leur apparence physique était visuellement très différente de celle du malfaiteur) augmentait la confiance des participants d'avoir désigné le coupable lorsqu'ils choisissaient un figurant plausible (c'est-à-dire, une personne qui ressemblait au malfaiteur). dud-alternative effect effet de l'alternative peu plausible Frank Arnould Chan, J. C. K. (2009). When does retrieval induce forgetting and when does it induce facilitation? Implications for retrieval inhibition, testing effect, and text processing. Journal of Memory and Language, 61(2), 153-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2009.04.004 Chan, J. C. K. (2010). Long-term effects of testing on the recall of nontested materials. Memory, 18(1), 49-57. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210903405737 Rowland, C. A., & DeLosh, E. L. (2014). Benefits of testing for nontested information: retrieval-induced facilitation of episodically bound material. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 21(6), 1516-1523. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-014-0625-2 2017-12-04 2021-07-15 Tester la mémoire d'une partie d'un matériel facilite la rétention et la récupération ultérieure des éléments non testés. Testing the memory of a portion of a material facilitates retention and subsequent retrieval of untested elements. facilitation induite par la récupération retrieval-induced facilitation Palombo, D., Wardell, V., Madan, C. R., Dev, D. K., Te, A., Checknita, K. J., & Petrucci, A. S. (2022, February 10). Negative Emotion Enhances Memory for the Sequential Unfolding of a Naturalistic Experience. https://osf.io/jw7e6 Sommer, T. (2019, October 7). Test-Retest Reliability of the Emotional Enhancement of Memory. https://osf.io/k67mz Xie, W. (2019, July 3). Negative emotion enhances mnemonic precision and subjective feelings of remembering in visual long-term memory. https://osf.io/8c9gu Frank Arnould 2022-04-29 Cross, Z. R., Santamaria, A., & Kohler, M. J. (2018). Attention and emotion-enhanced memory: A systematic review and meta-analysis of behavioural and neuroimaging evidence [Preprint]. Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1101/273920 [Document type: literature review, meta-analysis / Access: open] Kensinger, E. A. (2009). Remembering the details: Effects of emotion. Emotion Review, 1(2), 99–113. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073908100432 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Schümann, D., Joue, G., Jordan, P., Bayer, J., & Sommer, T. (2020). Test-retest reliability of the emotional enhancement of memory. Memory, 28(1), 49–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1679837 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Symeonidou, N., & Kuhlmann, B. G. (2022). Better memory for emotional sources? A systematic evaluation of source valence and arousal in source memory. Cognition and Emotion, 36(2), 300–316. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2021.2008323 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Talmi, D. (2013). Enhanced emotional memory: Cognitive and neural mechanisms. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(6), 430–436. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721413498893 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 emotion enhancement effect emotional enhancement emotional enhancement of memory emotional memory enhancement effect memory enhancement effect of emotion Better memory for emotional than for neutral events. Meilleure mémoire pour les évènements émotionnels que pour les évènements neutres. effet émotionnel d'amélioration mnésique emotion-enhanced memory effect Crawford, M. T., Hammond, M., & Marsh, C. (2020, April 7). Depression and Fading Affect Bias. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/ZEQS2 Crawford, M. T., Hammond, M., & Marsh, C. (2021, November 17). Attachment Styles and Fading Affect Bias. https://osf.io/723qx Zengel, B. (2018, May 18). Romantic Relationships and Fading of Affect for the Shared Past. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/CFK5T Frank Arnould Walker, W. R., & Skowronski, J. J. (2009). The fading affect bias: But what the hell is it for? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 23(8), 1122–1136. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1614 Walker, W. R., Vogl, R. J., & Thompson, C. P. (1997). Autobiographical memory: Unpleasantness fades faster than pleasantness over time. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 11(5), 399–413. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199710)11:5<399::AID-ACP462>3.0.CO;2-E 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 biais de l’affaiblissement de l’affect A memory bias that occurs when people rate the emotional intensity of an event to be weaker when they remember it than when they experienced it. This bias is greater for negative than for positive events. Biais se manifestant quand les personnes jugent l’intensité affective d’un évènement comme étant plus faible au moment où elles se souviennent de cet évènement par rapport au moment où elles l’ont vécu. Ce biais est plus important pour les évènements négatifs que pour les évènements positifs. biais d'émoussement de l'affect fading affect bias Barry, T. J., Hallford, D. J., & Takano, K. (2022, April 6). Autobiographical Memory Impairments as a Transdiagnostic Feature of Mental Illness. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/3RJUZ Hallford, D. J., & Barry, T. J. (2021, July 14). Reduced Specificity and Increased Overgenerality of Autobiographical Memory Persist as Cognitive Vulnerabilities in Remitted Major Depression: A Meta-Analysis. https://osf.io/bfcyj Frank Arnould Barry, T. J., Hallford, D. J., & Takano, K. (2021). Autobiographical memory impairments as a transdiagnostic feature of mental illness : A meta-analytic review of investigations into autobiographical memory specificity and overgenerality among people with psychiatric diagnoses. Psychological Bulletin, 47(10), 1054–1074. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000345 Barry, T. J., Takano, K., Hallford, D. J., Roberts, J. E., Salmon, K., & Raes, F. (2023). Autobiographical memory and psychopathology: Is memory specificity as important as we make it seem? WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(3), e1624. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1624 Lemogne, C., Piolino, P., Jouvent, R., Allilaire, J.-F., & Fossati, P. (2006). Mémoire autobiographique épisodique et dépression: Episodic autobiographical memory in depression: a review. L’Encéphale, 32(5), 781–788. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7006(06)76231-5 Weiss-Cowie, S., Verhaeghen, P., & Duarte, A. (2023). An updated account of overgeneral autobiographical memory in depression. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 149, 105157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105157 ​Dalgleish, T., Williams, J. M. G., Golden, A.-M. J., Perkins, N., Barrett, L. F., Barnard, P. J., … Watkins, E. (2007). Reduced specificity of autobiographical memory and depression: The role of executive control. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 136(1), 23–42. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.136.1.23 ​Williams, J. M. G., Barnhofer, T., Crane, C., Herman, D., Raes, F., Watkins, E., & Dalgleish, T. (2007). Autobiographical memory specificity and emotional disorder. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 122-148. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.122 2018-04-23 2023-07-18 effet de surgénéralisation overgeneral memory effect overgenerality ​A tendency to recall overgeneral autobiographical memories rather than specific memories observed, for example, in depressed patients. ​Tendance à rappeler des souvenirs autobiographiques surgénéralisés plutôt que des souvenirs spécifiques observée, par exemple, chez les personnes dépressives. biais de surgénéralité overgeneral memory bias Logie, M. (2021). Data for : Do Doorways Really Matter: Investigating Memory Benefits of Event Segmentation in a Virtual Learning Environment (Vol. 1). Mendeley. doi:10.17632/m4db3xvh2s.1 McFadyen, J. (2021, January 4). Exploring the Doorway Effect with Virtual Reality. https://osf.io/6udbt/ Frank Arnould Lawrence, Z., & Peterson, D. (2016). Mentally walking through doorways causes forgetting: The location updating effect and imagination. Memory, 24(1), 12-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2014.980429 Logie, M. R., & Donaldson, D. I. (2021). Do doorways really matter : Investigating memory benefits of event segmentation in a virtual learning environment. Cognition, 209, 104578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104578 McFadyen, J., Nolan, C., Pinocy, E., Buteri, D., & Baumann, O. (2021). Doorways do not always cause forgetting : A multimodal investigation. BMC Psychology, 9(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-021-00536-3 Pettijohn, K. A., & Radvansky, G. A. (2016). Walking through doorways causes forgetting: Environmental effects. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 28(3), 329–340. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2015.1123712 Radvansky, G. A., & Copeland, D. E. (2006). Walking through doorways causes forgetting: Situation models and experienced space. Memory & cognition, 34(5), 1150–1156. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193261 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 doorway effect effet de la mise à jour de la localisation Le fait de traverser une porte (réellement ou par imagination) peut provoquer l'oubli. Walking through doorways (actually or by imagination) can cause forgetting. effet de mise à jour de la localisation location updating effect Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Schacter, D.L. (2001). The seven sins of memory. Houghton Mifflin Company. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Schacter, D. L. (2003). Science de la mémoire. Oublier et se souvenir. Odile Jacob. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 confusion de la source misattribution error misattribution of memory source confusion source misattribution source-monitoring error Erreur consistant à attribuer à un souvenir une mauvaise source d'information. The error of attributing a wrong source to a memory. Misattributions of memory confusions de la source confusions de sources confusions des sources erreurs d'attribution de la source erreurs d'attribution des sources misattribution errors source attribution errors source confusions source misattributions source monitoring error source monitoring errors source-monitoring errors erreur d'attribution de la source source attribution error Frank Arnould Crowder, R. G. (1976). Principles of learning and memory. Psychology Press. Greene, R. L. (1992). Human memory: Paradigms and paradoxes. Psychology Press. 2017-12-04 2022-04-25 Better memory for an item that has been presented repeatedly compared to an item presented only once. Meilleure mémoire pour un item qui a été présenté à plusieurs reprises par rapport à un item présenté une seule fois. effet de répétition repetition effect Jersakova, Radka; O'Connor, Akira (2016): Data file for "Investigating the role of assessment method on reports of déjà vu and tip-of-the-tongue states during standard recognition tests". figshare. Dataset. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.3144838.v1 Frank Arnould Brown, A. S. (2003). A review of the déjà vu experience. Psychological Bulletin, 129(3), 394–413. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.3.394 Cleary, A.M., & Brown, A. S. (2021). The déjà vu experience (second edition). Psychology Press. Moulin, C. (2018). The neuropsychology of déjà vu. Rouledge. 2017-12-04 2022-03-29 Chris Moulin déjà vu experience déjà vu sensation expérience de déjà vu sensation de déjà vu "subjective experience of familiarity combined with the knowledge that this experience is false." (Moulin, 2018, p. 1) « expérience subjective de familiarité combinée à la connaissance que cette expérience est fausse. » (Moulin, 2018, p. 1). déjà vu experiences déjà vu sensations expériences de déjà vu sensations de déjà vu déjà vu déjà vu Frank Arnould Ryan, J. (1969). Grouping and short-term memory: Different means and patterns of grouping. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 21(2), 137–147. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640746908400206 2017-12-04 2021-08-10 Quand les items d'une liste sont divisés en groupes, par exemple en faisant une pause tous les trois items, le rappel sériel global est amélioré. When items on a list are divided into groups, for example by pausing every three items, the overall serial recall is improved. effet de regroupement grouping effect Mangiulli, I., & Otgaar, H. (2020, November 18). Crime-related amnesia and Misinformation. https://osf.io/h732g Romeo, T., & Otgaar, H. (2018, April 15). Denial-Induced Forgetting: The Memory Impairing Effects of Simulated Amnesia for a Mock Crime. https://osf.io/tz3jx Frank Arnould 2022-04-27 Jelicic, M. (2018). Testing claims of crime-related amnesia. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 617. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00617 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Mangiulli, I., Otgaar, H., Curci, A., & Jelicic, M. (2020). An experimental investigation of the misinformation effect in crime‐related amnesia claims. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 34(5), 1092–1100. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3697 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Mangiulli, I., Riesthuis, P., & Otgaar, H. (2022). The memory-undermining effect of simulated crime-related amnesia and its legal implications: A review. Psychological Injury and Law, 15(2), 213–226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12207-021-09441-x [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Zago, S., Preti, A. N., Difonzo, T., D’Errico, A., Sartori, G., Zangrossi, A., & Bolognini, N. (in press). Two cases of malingered crime-related amnesia. Topics in Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12643 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 Perte, réelle ou simulée, du souvenir d’avoir commis un crime. Real or simulated memory loss of having committed a crime. amnésie du crime crime-related amnesia Frank Arnould Gathercole, S. E., Pickering, S. J., Hall, M., & Peaker, S. M. (2001). Dissociable lexical and phonological influences on serial recognition and serial recall. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 4(1), 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980042000002 Hulme, C., Maughan, S., & Brown, G. D. A. (1991). Memory for familiar and unfamiliar words: Evidence for a long-term memory contribution to short-term memory span. Journal of Memory and Language, 30(6), 685-701. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(91)90032-F 2017-12-04 2021-07-15 avantage lexical lexicality advantage Better serial recall of words than non-words in short-term memory. Meilleur rappel sériel de mots que de non-mots en mémoire à court terme. effet de lexicalité lexicality effect Forester,Forester, G. (2020, October 10). Adaptive Memory: Independent Effects of Survival Processing and Reward Motivation on Memory. https://osf.io/tdyrb/ Nieuwenstein, M., Hansen-Manguikian, L., Yildirim, B., & Ainsworth, S. (2021, May 29). Understanding the survival processing advantage for memory. https://osf.io/tcevb/ Renkewitz, F., & Müller, S. M. (2016, August 19). Replication of Nairne, Pandeirada, & Thompson (2008, PS, Study 2). https://osf.io/jhkpe/ Rummel, J., Kroneisen, M., & Wöstenfeld, F. O. (2019, November 25). Survival Processing and Serial Recall. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/U5MK3 Scofield, J. E., Buchanan, E. M., & Kostic, B. (2017, August 2). A Meta-analysis of the Survival Processing Advantage in Memory. https://osf.io/6sd8e/ Surviving in a second language: Survival processing effect in memory of bilinguals. (2020). [Data set]. Taylor & Francis. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13186584.v1 Wang, J. (2018, October 29). Survival processing and production effect. https://osf.io/ntvb7/ Wöstenfeld, F. O., Suhaib, A., Kroneisen, M., & Rummel, J. (2019). Does the survival processing memory advantage translate to serial recall? [Data set]. Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.2593683 Frank Arnould Bonin, P., & Bugaiska, A. (2014). « Survivre pour se souvenir ». Une approche novatrice de la mémoire humaine : la mémoire adaptative. L’Année Psychologique, 114(3), 571–610. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503314003066 Kroneisen, M., & Erdfelder, E. (2022). Survival processing effect. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions : Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgment, and memory (3rd ed.). Routledge. Nairne, J. S. (2010). Adaptive memory: Evolutionary constraints on remembering. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 53, p. 1–32). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(10)53001-9 Scofield, J. E., Buchanan, E. M., & Kostic, B. (2018). A meta-analysis of the survival-processing advantage in memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(3), 997–1012. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1346-0 Wöstenfeld, F. O., Ahmad, S., Kroneisen, M., & Rummel, J. (2020). Does the survival processing memory advantage translate to serial recall? Collabra: Psychology, 6(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.243 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 Open Science Collaboration. (2015). Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science. Science, 349(6251), aac4716. doi:10.1126/science.aac4716 avantage du traitement de survie effet de survie survival-processing advantage Les personnes se souviennent mieux de mots après avoir jugé leur pertinence par rapport à un contexte de survie ancestral. People remember words better after judging their relevance to an ancestral survival context. L’effet du traitement de survie a également été observé avec des images comme stimuli, dans des tâches de rappel et de reconnaissance, chez l’enfant, l’adulte et la personne âgée, dans des plans expérimentaux inter- et intrasujets. The survival processing effect was also observed with pictures as stimuli, in recall and recognition tasks, in children, adults, and the elderly, in between- and within-subject designs. survival processing advantage survival-processing effect survival-processing memory advantage effet du traitement de survie survival processing effect Elekes, F., & Sebanz, N. (2020, January 31). Effects of a partner’s task on memory for content and source - data. https://osf.io/y4pmu/ Frank Arnould Elekes, F., & Sebanz, N. (2020). Effects of a partner’s task on memory for content and source. Cognition, 198, 104221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104221 Eskenazi, T., Doerrfeld, A., Logan, G. D., Knoblich, G., & Sebanz, N. (2013). Your words are my words : Effects of acting together on encoding. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 66(5), 1026–1034. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.725058 2020-05-28 2023-03-14 effet du souvenir commun Better memory for words that a social partner had to study. Meilleure mémoire de mots qu’un partenaire social a étudiés. effet de mémoire commune joint memory effect Frank Arnould Craik, F. I. M. (2002). Levels of processing: Past, present... and future? Memory, 10(5–6), 305–318. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210244000135 Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11(6), 671–684. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80001-X Giboin, A. (1979). Le principe des niveaux de traitement ou principe de profondeur. L’Année Psychologique, 79(2), 623–655. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1979.28289 2019-05-29 2021-09-22 Better memory for deeply (semantically) encoded items compared to superficially encoded items. Meilleure mémoire pour les items encodés de manière profonde (sémantique) par rapport aux items encodés de manière superficielle. effet du niveau de traitement level-of-processing effect Frank Arnould Azzopardi, B., Auffray, C., & Juhel, J. (2015). L’effet paradoxal du vieillissement sur la mémoire prospective: hypothèses explicatives. Gériatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie du Viellissement, 13(1), 64–72. https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2014.0513 Koo, Y. W., Neumann, D. L., Ownsworth, T., & Shum, D. H. K. (2021). Revisiting the age-prospective memory paradox using laboratory and ecological tasks. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.691752 Rendell, P. G., & Thomson, D. M. (1999). Aging and prospective memory: Differences between naturalistic and laboratory tasks. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 54(4), P256-269. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/54b.4.p256 2020-11-19 2023-09-04 age-PM-paradox effet paradoxal du vieillissement sur la mémoire prospective Les personnes âgées manifestent de moins bonnes performances que les adultes jeunes dans des tâches de mémoire prospective réalisées en laboratoire, mais pas dans les tâches de mémoire prospective réalisées dans des situations naturelles. Older adults perform worse than younger adults on laboratory prospective memory tasks, but not on naturalistic prospective memory tasks. age-prospective memory-paradox paradoxe âge-mémoire prospective Frank Arnould Baguley, T., Lansdale, M. W., Lines, L. K., & Parkin, J. K. (2006). Two spatial memories are not better than one: evidence of exclusivity in memory for object location. Cognitive psychology, 52(3), 243–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2005.08.001 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Quand deux ou plusieurs souvenirs existent sur la localisation d’un objet, l’analyse de la précision du rappel indique qu’un seul souvenir est accessible à un moment donné. When two or more memories are available about the location of an object, the analysis of recall accuracy indicates that only one memory is accessible at a given time. effet d'exclusivité exclusivity effect Frank Arnould McDaniel, M. A., & Bugg, J. M. (2013). Instability in memory phenomena: A common puzzle and a unifying explanation. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 15(2), 237-255. https://doi.org/10.3758/PBR.15.2.237 2017-12-04 2022-05-03 effet de la composition de la liste list composition paradox mixed-list paradox paradoxe des listes mixtes Certains effets empiriques sont modulés par la composition des listes que le sujet doit mémoriser. Par exemple, ils apparaissent avec les listes mixtes (composées à la fois d'items expérimentaux et de contrôle), mais disparaissent ou sont inversés avec des listes pures ou bloquées (items expérimentaux et de contrôle sont présentés dans des listes différentes). Some empirical effects are modulated by the composition of the lists that the subject is asked to memorize. For example, they emerge with mixed lists (composed of both experimental and control items), but disappear or are reversed with pure or blocked lists (experimental and control items are presented in different lists). effet de composition des listes list composition effect Brainerd, C. J., Reyna, V. F., Holliday, R. E., & Nakamura, K. (2012). Overdistribution in source memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 38(2), 413-439. doi:10.1037/a0025645 Kellen, D., Singmann, H., & Klauer, K. C. (2014). Modeling source-memory overdistribution. Journal of Memory and Language, 76, 216‑236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2014.07.001 2017-12-04 Frank Arnould 2023-03-20 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human Probabilité d’assigner simultanément un item à différentes sources. The probability to simultaneously assign an item to different sources. source overdistribution surdistribution de la source Frank Arnould Kuhlmann, B. G., & Bayen, U. J. (2016). Metacognitive aspects of source monitoring. In J. Dunlosky, & S. U. Tauber (Eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Metamemory (pp. 149–168). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199336746.013.8 2020-11-12 2023-09-04 Better source memory when the source is unexpected rather than expected. Meilleure mémoire de la source d’une information quand cette source est inattendue plutôt qu’attendue. effet d’incohérence inconsistency effect Quevedo Pütter, J., & Erdfelder, E. (2022). Alcohol-induced retrograde facilitation? Experimental Psychology, 69(6), 335–350. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000569 Frank Arnould Quevedo Pütter, J., & Erdfelder, E. (2022). Alcohol-induced retrograde facilitation? Experimental Psychology, 69(6), 335–350. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000569 Wixted, J. T. (2010). The role of retroactive inteference and consolidation in everyday forgetting. In S. Della Sala (Ed.), Forgetting (p. 285-312). Psychology Press. 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 Quevedo Pütter, J., & Erdfelder, E. (2022). Alcohol-induced retrograde facilitation? Experimental Psychology, 69(6), 335–350. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000569 amélioration rétrograde retrograde enhancement Observation d'une amélioration de la mémoire pour les évènements qui ont précédé l'administration de certaines substances (par exemple, l'alcool, les benzodiazépines, le glucose, l'amphétamine). Observation of memory enhancement for events that preceded the administration of certain drugs (e.g. alcohol, benzodiazepines, glucose, amphetamine). facilitation rétrograde retrograde facilitation Brédart, S., François, S., & Guimond, S. (2013). The effect of spontaneous self-reference on memory: A replication: L’Année Psychologique, Vol. 113(2), 161–167. https://doi.org/10.3917/anpsy.132.0161 Frank Arnould Brédart, S., François, S., & Guimond, S. (2013). The effect of spontaneous self-reference on memory: A replication: L’Année Psychologique, Vol. 113(2), 161–167. https://doi.org/10.3917/anpsy.132.0161 Daury, N. (2012). Influence de l’autoréférence sur la mémoire épisodique. In S. Brédart & M. Van der Linden (Eds.), Identité et cognition : apports de la psychologie et de la neuroscience cognitives (pp. 89–105). De Boeck. Rogers, T. B., Kuiper, N. A., & Kirker, W. S. (1977). Self-reference and the encoding of personal information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35(9), 677-688. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.35.9.677 Symons, C. S., & Johnson, B. T. (1997). The self-reference effect in memory: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 121(3), 371–394. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.121.3.371 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 effet de référence à soi self-bias self-referential effect Better memory for items processed with reference to the self. La mémoire est meilleure lorsque les éléments à mémoriser sont traités en référence à soi. effet d'autoréférence self-reference effect Frank Arnould Delvenne, J.-F. (2005). The capacity of visual short-term memory within and between hemifields. Cognition, 96(3), B79-B88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2004.12.007 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 En mémoire à court terme visuelle, les sujets se souviennent mieux d’items distribués sur les deux champs visuels (par exemple, meilleur souvenir de deux chiffres quand chaque chiffre est présenté dans un hémichamp visuel différent) par rapport à des items présentés dans un seul hémichamp (par exemple, deux chiffres présentés dans le même hémichamp visuel). In short-term visual memory, subjects remembered more items distributed across both visual fields (e.g., better memory for two digits when each digit is presented in a different visual hemifield) than items presented in one hemifield (e.g., two digits in the same visual hemifield). avantage du champ bilatéral bilateral field advantage Frank Arnould Clarkson, L., Roodenrys, S., Miller, L. M., & Hulme, C. (2017). The phonological neighbourhood effect on short-term memory for order. Memory, 25(3), 391‑402. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2016.1179330 Roodenrys, S., Hulme, C., Lethbridge, A., Hinton, M., & Nimmo, L. M. (2002). Word-frequency and phonological-neighborhood effects on verbal short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(6), 1019‑1034. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.28.6.1019 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Le rappel sériel à court terme de mots est influencé par leurs voisins phonologiques, c'est-à-dire les mots, qui n'ont pas été présentés, partageant les mêmes lettres que les mots étudiés, sauf une lettre. Short-term serial recall of words is affected by their phonological neighbours, that is to say, non-presented words sharing the same letters as the target studied words except one letter (e.g. cat and bat) phonological neighborhood effect effet du voisinage phonologique phonological neighbourhood effect Frank Arnould Baddeley, A. D., Thomson, N., & Buchanan, M. (1975). Word length and the structure of short-term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 14(6), 575-589. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(75)80045-4 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 effet de la longueur des mots Better immediate memory for short words than for long words. The effect is more based on the time required to articulate the words than on the number of syllables. The effect is, however, more general since it has also been observed in delayed serial recall tasks and in immediate and delayed free recall tasks. Effet montrant que la mémoire immédiate est meilleure pour les mots courts que pour les mots longs. L’effet repose plus sur le temps nécessaire pour articuler les mots que sur le nombre de syllabes. L’effet est toutefois plus général puisqu’il a aussi été observé dans des tâches de rappel sériel différé, ainsi que dans des tâches de rappel libre immédiat et différé. effet de longueur des mots word length effect Frank Arnould Segaert, K., Weber, K., de Lange, F. P., Petersson, K. M., & Hagoort, P. (2013). The suppression of repetition enhancement: A review of fMRI studies. Neuropsychologia, 51(1), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.11.006 2017-12-04 2021-10-08 Augmentation de l'activité nerveuse quand un stimulus est présenté à plusieurs reprises. Celle-ci pourrait être un indicateur de l'apprentissage et de la reconnaissance d'un stimulus. Increase in neural activity when a stimulus is repeated which could be an indicator of stimulus learning and recognition. amélioration par répétition repetition enhancement Frank Arnould Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge University Press. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 According to Bartlett (1932), the tendency of individuals to produce memory errors that conform to their cultural background when they remember a story. Chez Bartlett (1932), tendance à produire des erreurs de mémoire qui se conforment au milieu culturel des sujets quand ceux-ci se souviennent d'une histoire. rationalisation rationalization Lukavsky, J., & Klinger, V. (2019, November 12). Boundary extension in the internal parts of the images. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/M3XPE Frank Arnould Blazhenkova, O. (2017). Boundary extension in face processing. I-Perception, 8(5), 2041669517724808. https://doi.org/10.1177/2041669517724808 Intraub, H., & Richardson, M. (1989). Wide-angle memories of close-up scenes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(2), 179–187. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.15.2.179 Ménétrier, E., Didierjean, A., & Marmèche, É. (2011). Le système visuel traite-t-il les photographies comme des fenêtres ouvertes sur le monde? L'Année Psychologique, 111(4), 753–773. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503311004064 van den Bos, L. M. E. C., Benjamins, J. S., & Postma, A. (2020). Episodic and semantic memory processes in the boundary extension effect: An investigation using the remember/know paradigm. Acta Psychologica, 211, 103190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103190 2017-12-04 2023-04-18 effet d'extension des limites Distorsion de la mémoire qui consiste à se souvenir d'une image ou d'une photographie avec une plus grande étendue que celle réellement présente, comme si le sujet utilisait dans son souvenir un plus grand angle de vue, pouvant aller jusqu'à insérer des éléments nouveaux dans le nouvel espace ainsi créé (Intraud & Richardson, 1989). Memory distortion when a picture or a photograph is remembered with a greater extent than actually present, as if the subject was using in his memory a wider angle of view, going as far as inserting new items in the new created space (Intraud & Richardson, 1989). Dans l’expérience d’Intraub et Richardson (1989), les participants étudient 20 photographies, pendant 15 secondes chacune, représentant un objet principal ou un groupe d’objets. Après la présentation des photographies, les sujets les dessinent de mémoire à l’intérieur d’un rectangle correspondant à leurs dimensions originales. Les résultats montrent que les participants ont tendance à dessiner les objets plus petits que dans les scènes étudiées, remplissant alors l’espace de nouveaux éléments susceptibles d’être présents si les scènes avaient été présentées avec un angle de vue plus large.
 In Intraub and Richardson's (1989) experiment, participants study 20 photographs, for 15 seconds each, depicting a main object or a group of objects. After the photographs are presented, subjects draw them from memory. The results show that participants tend to draw the objects smaller than in the studied scenes, thus filling the space with new elements that might have been present if the scenes had been presented with a wider viewing angle. boundary extension illusion illusion de l'extension des limites Brinkhuis, I., & Otgaar, H. (2021, October 9). The Effect of Simulating Amnesia on the Creation of Spontaneous False Memories . https://osf.io/xq23z Le Moignan, E., Patihis, L., & Mangiulli, I. (2022, March 8). The effects of simulating amnesia and misinformation on memory performance for mock offenders. https://osf.io/kms62 Mangiulli, I., & Otgaar, H. (2020, November 18). Crime-related amnesia and Misinformation. Retrieved from https://osf.io/h732g Romeo, T., & Otgaar, H. (2018, April 15). Denial-Induced Forgetting: The Memory Impairing Effects of Simulated Amnesia for a Mock Crime. https://osf.io/tz3jx Frank Arnould 2022-04-27 Jelicic, M. (2018). Testing claims of crime-related amnesia. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 617. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00617 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Mangiulli, I., Otgaar, H., Curci, A., & Jelicic, M. (2020). An experimental investigation of the misinformation effect in crime‐related amnesia claims. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 34(5), 1092–1100. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3697 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Mangiulli, I., Riesthuis, P., & Otgaar, H. (2022). The memory-undermining effect of simulated crime-related amnesia and its legal implications: A review. Psychological Injury and Law, 15(2), 213–226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12207-021-09441-x [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Otgaar, H., & Baker, A. (2018). When lying changes memory for the truth. Memory, 26(1), 2–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1340286 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Zago, S., Piacquadio, E., Monaro, M., Orrù, G., Sampaolo, E., Difonzo, T., Toncini, A., & Heinzl, E. (2019). The detection of malingered amnesia: An approach involving multiple strategies in a mock crime. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00424 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-05 amnésie simulée faking amnesia feigned amnesia malingered amnesia malingering amnesia simulation d'amnésie simulation of amnesia A situation in which a person feigns amnesia, for example, by pretending not to remember having committed a crime. Simulated amnesia can have a negative effect on the memory for facts and events. Situation dans laquelle une personne feint de souffrir d’amnésie, par exemple, en prétendant de ne pas se souvenir d’avoir commis un crime. L’amnésie simulée peut avoir des conséquences négatives sur la mémoire des faits et des évènements. simulating amnesia simulation d'une amnésie simuler l'amnésie simuler une amnésie amnésie feinte simulated amnesia Frank Arnould Paivio, A. (1969). Mental imagery in associative learning and memory. Psychological Review, 76(3), 241-263. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027272 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 effet d'imageabilité effet d'imagerie imageability effect Better memory for concrete words (e.g. table or book) than for abstract words (e.g. goodness or justice). Meilleure mémoire des mots concrets (table ou livre, par exemple) que des mots abstraits (bonté ou justice, par exemple). concreteness effect effet de concrétude Jaeger, A., Queiroz, M. C., Selmeczy, D., & Dobbins, I. (2019, December 13). Confidence Accuracy Dissociation During Source Memory Cueing. https://osf.io/fjp5d Spearing, E. R., & Wade, K. A. (2021, April 23). The Effect of the Timing of Confidence Ratings on Accuracy: Confidence Calibration in Eyewitness Recall. https://osf.io/gqkyp Van Boeijen, I. M. (2018, August 26). The Role of Eyewitness-Specific Metamemory on Identification Accuracy and the Confidence–Accuracy Relationship. https://osf.io/k23bs Wixted, J. (2020, June 5). Discrete-state vs. continuous models of the confidence-accuracy relationship. https://osf.io/53vhq Arndorfer, A., & Charman, S. D. (2022). Assessing the effect of eyewitness identification confidence assessment method on the confidence-accuracy relationship. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 28(3), 414‑432. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000348 2022-09-09 Frank Arnould Brewer, N., Lucas, C., Sauer, J., & Palmer, M. (2021). Measuring the relationship between eyewitness identification confidence and accuracy. In A. M. Smith, M. P. Toglia, & J. M. Lampinen (Eds.), Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks (pp. 234–256). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003138105-14 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wixted, J. T., & Wells, G. L. (2017). The relationship between eyewitness confidence and identification accuracy: A new synthesis. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 18(1), 10–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100616686966 [Document type: literature review / Access: free] 2023-07-21 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human accuracy–confidence relation relation confiance-exactitude Relation entre le niveau de confiance qu’une personne attribue à un souvenir (par exemple, le niveau de confiance d’un témoin oculaire d’avoir identifié le suspect d’un crime) et l’exactitude du souvenir. The relationship between the level of confidence a person assigns to a memory (e.g. the level of confidence an eyewitness has in identifying the suspect) and the accuracy of the memory. confidence-accuracy relation confidence-accuracy relationship relation confiance-précision Frank Arnould Brown, N. R., & Lee, P. J. (2010). Public events and the organization of autobiographical memory: An overview of the living-in-history project. Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression, 2(2), 133–149. https://doi.org/10.1080/19434471003597431 Brown, N. R., Lee, P. J., Krslak, M., Conrad, F. G., G B Hansen, T., Havelka, J., & Reddon, J. R. (2009). Living in history: how war, terrorism, and natural disaster affect the organization of autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 20(4), 399–405. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02307.x Islam, A., & Haque, S. (2022). Living-in-history effect in the dating of important autobiographical memories. Memory & Cognition, 50(4), 1078–1089. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-021-01250-6 2017-12-04 2023-08-09 A tendency in people who have experienced historical changes (war, natural disaster, terrorist attacks, etc.) to date their autobiographical memories from autobiographical periods defined by historical events. Chez les personnes ayant vécu des bouleversements historiques (guerre, catastrophe naturelle, terrorisme...), tendance à dater leurs souvenirs autobiographiques à partir de périodes autobiographiques définies par les évènements historiques. effet vivre dans l'histoire living-in-history effect Frank Arnould Schmidt, S. R. (1994). Effects of humor on sentence memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20(4), 953-967. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.20.4.953 Schmidt, S. R. (2002). The humour effect: differential processing and privileged retrieval. Memory (Hove, England), 10(2), 127-138. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210143000263 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Composition de la liste : l’effet apparaît quand les sujets se souviennent d’une liste d’items humoristiques et non humoristiques, mais pas quand ils se souviennent d’une liste ne contenant que des items humoristiques et une liste ne contenant que des items non humoristiques (Schmidt, 1994 ; 2002). List composition: the effect appears when subjects remember a list of humorous and non-humorous items, but not when they remember a list containing only humorous items and a list containing only non-humorous items (Schmidt, 1994 ; 2002). Better memory for humorous material compared to non-humorous material. La mémoire est meilleure quand le matériel est humoristique par rapport à la mémoire d'un matériel non humoristique. effet de l'humour humour effect Frank Arnould Criss, A. H., Malmberg, K. J., & Shiffrin, R. M. (2011). Output interference in recognition memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 64(4), 316–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2011.02.003 Peixotto, H. E. (1947). Proactive inhibition in the recognition of nonsense syllables. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 37(1), 81–91. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0060509 Smith, A. D. (1971). Output interference and organized recall from long-term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 10(4), 400–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(71)80039-7 Tulving, E., & Arbuckle, T. Y. (1966). Input and output interference in short-term associative memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 72(1), 145–150. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023344 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 Quand la mémoire d'un matériel est évaluée, le fait de se souvenir d'une partie des items réduit la probabilité de se souvenir des items suivants. Retrieving specific items reduces the probability of retrieving the remaining items. For example, in an experiment by Smith (1971, Experiment 1), participants are asked to study words that are exemplars of different semantic categories. They are then asked to remember the words using the name of each category as a cue, given 30 s or 60 s for the recall per category. The results show that mean word recall decreases as a function of the position of the category cue in the recall sequence: the later the cue is presented, the fewer exemplars of the category are remembered by participants. Par exemple, dans une expérience conduite par Smith (1971, Expérience 1), les participants sont invités à mémoriser des mots qui sont des exemplaires de catégories sémantiques différentes. Ils doivent ensuite se souvenir des mots à l’aide du nom de chaque catégorie comme indice, en disposant de 30 s ou de 60 s pour le rappel par catégorie. Les résultats montrent que le rappel moyen des mots décroît en fonction de la position de l’indice catégoriel dans la séquence de rappel : plus l’indice est présenté tardivement, moins les participants se souviennent des exemplaires de la catégorie. interférence en sortie output interference Frank Arnould MacKay, D. G., & Ahmetzanov, M. V. (2005). Emotion, memory, and attention in the taboo stroop paradigm: An experimental analogue of flashbulb memories. Psychological Science, 16(1), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.00776.x 2017-12-04 2023-04-03 Better memory for taboo words than for emotionally neutral words. Meilleure mémoire de mots tabous par rapport aux mots émotionnellement neutres. effet des mots tabous taboo word effect Frank Arnould Blaney, P. H. (1986). Affect and memory: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 99(2), 229-246. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.99.2.229 Faul, L., & LaBar, K. S. (in press). Mood-congruent memory revisited. Psychological Review. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000394 2017-12-04 2023-07-25 effet de la congruence de l'humeur mood congruence effect mood congruency effect souvenir congruent avec l'humeur Récupération sélective de souvenirs qui ont la même tonalité affective que l'humeur du moment. Selective retrieval of memories that have the same affective tone as the current mood. souvenirs congruents avec l'humeur mood-congruent memory mémoire congruente avec l'humeur Frank Arnould Nguyen, K., & McDaniel, M. A. (2015). The picture complexity effect: Another list composition paradox. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 41(4), 1026-1037. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000071 Zucco, G., Bardesano, T. A., & Cornoldi, C. (1984). Il ruolo di dettagli non essenziali e della loro predicibilità contestuale nella rievocazione di nomi di figure. = The role of nonessential details and of their contextual predictability in the recall of the names of pictures. Ricerche di Psicologia, 8(4), 43-58. 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 Composition des listes : l’effet est présent dans les listes mixtes, mélangeant des images complexes et simples, mais pas quand sont comparées des listes pures, composées uniquement d’images complexes ou d’images simples (Ngyen & McDaniel, 1999). List composition: the effect is present in mixed lists, combining complex and simple pictures, but not when comparing pure lists, composed only of complex or simple pictures (Ngyen & McDaniel, 1999). effet de la complexité des images Better memory for complex pictures than for simple pictures. Meilleure rétention des images complexes que des images simples. effet de complexité des images picture complexity effect Frank Arnould Schooler, J. N., & Storm, B. C. (2021). Saved information is remembered less well than deleted information, if the saving process is perceived as reliable. Memory, 29(9), 1101–1110. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1962356 Sparrow, B., Liu, J., & Wegner, D. M. (2011). Google effects on memory : Cognitive consequences of having information at our fingertips. Science, 333(6043), 776‑778. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1207745 2021-09-23 2023-09-04 Schooler, J. N., & Storm, B. C. (in press). Saved information is remembered less well than deleted information, if the saving process is perceived as reliable. doi:10.1080/09658211.2021.1962356 "people are more likely to remember information that is deleted from a computer than information that is saved on a computer" (Schooler & Storm, 2021, p. 1101). « les personnes sont plus susceptibles de se souvenir d'informations supprimées d'un ordinateur que d'informations sauvegardées sur un ordinateur » (Schooler & Storm, 2021, p. 1101). Google effect effet Google Frank Arnould Mulligan, N. W. (2020). Negative effects of repetition and testing. In A. M. Cleary & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Memory quirks : The study of odd phenomena in memory (p. 114‑136). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429264498-10 Mulligan, N. W., & Peterson, D. J. (2013). The negative repetition effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(5), 1403-1416. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031789 2017-12-04 2022-01-04 Dans certaines circonstances, moins bon rappel d’un item qui a été répété par rapport à un item présenté une seule fois. In some conditions, lower recall of a repeated item compared to a non-repeated item. effet négatif de la répétition negative repetition effect Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Brackmann, N., Sauerland, M., & Otgaar, H. (2019). Developmental trends in lineup performance: Adolescents are more prone to innocent bystander misidentifications than children and adults. Memory & Cognition, 47(3), 428–440. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0877-6 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Davis, D., Loftus, E. F., Vanous, S., & Cucciare, M. (2008). `Unconscious transference’ can be an instance of `change blindness’. In APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY (Vol. 22, Issue 5, pp. 605–623). JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1395 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Loftus, E. F. (1976). Unconscious transference in eyewitness identification. Law & Psychology Review, 2, 93–98. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Read, J. D., Tollestrup, P., Hammersley, R., McFadzen, E., & Christensen, A. (1990). The unconscious transference effect: Are innocent bystanders ever misidentified? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 4(1), 3–31. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350040103 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Ross, D. F., Ceci, S. J., Dunning, D., & Toglia, M. P. (1994). Unconscious transference and mistaken identity: When a witness misidentifies a familiar but innocent person. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(6), 918–930. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.79.6.918 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Wulff, A. N., & Hyman, I. E. (2022). Crime blindness: The impact of inattentional blindness on eyewitness awareness, memory, and identification. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(1), 166–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3906 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-05 bystander misidentification transfert inconscient unconscious transference Dans le contexte du témoignage oculaire, un phénomène « qui se produit lorsqu'un témoin oculaire confond une personne familière mais innocente avec un agresseur réel. » (Ross et al., 1994, p. 918). In the context of eyewitness testimony, a phenomenon « which is said to occur when an eyewitness confuses a familiar but innocent person with an actual assailant. » (Ross et al., 1994, p. 918). effet de transfert inconscient unconscious transference effect Li, C., Otgaar, H., & Wang, J. (2020, January 16). Creating Nonbelieved Memories for Bizarre Actions Using an Imagination Inflation Procedure. https://osf.io/38jwt Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Garry, M., Manning, C. G., Loftus, E. F., & Sherman, S. J. (1996). Imagination inflation: Imagining a childhood event inflates confidence that it occurred. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 3(2), 208–214. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03212420 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-05 inflation de l'imagination inflation par imagination A memory error where people are more likely to believe they experienced hypothetical events after imagining them. Erreur de mémoire dans laquelle les personnes sont plus susceptibles de croire qu'elles ont vécu des événements hypothétiques après les avoir imaginés. imagination inflation effet d'inflation par imagination imagination inflation effect Frank Arnould Tanaka, J. W., & Farah, M. J. (1993). Parts and wholes in face recognition. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 46(2), 225-245. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640749308401045 Tanaka, J. W., & Simonyi, D. (2016). The “parts and wholes” of face recognition: A review of the literature. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69(10), 1876–1889. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2016.1146780 2017-12-04 2022-04-29 Better recognition of a facial feature (e.g. the nose) when it is presented in the context of a full face rather than in isolation. Meilleure reconnaissance d'un trait du visage (par exemple le nez) quand celui-ci est présenté dans le contexte d'un visage complet plutôt qu'isolément. effet du tout sur la partie whole-part effect Murre, J. M. J. (2021, December 3). Data Godden and Baddeley (1975) Replication in Excel. https://osf.io/q2vjk/ Shin, Y. S., Masís-Obando, R., Keshavarzian, N., Davé, R., & Norman, K. A. (2020, April 6). Context-dependent memory effects in VR. https://osf.io/5t9mv/ Frank Arnould Godden, D. R., & Baddeley, A. D. (1975). Context-dependent memory in two natural envrionments: on land and underwater. British Journal of Psychology, 66(3), 325–331. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1975.tb01468.x Murre, J. M. J. (2021). The Godden and Baddeley (1975) experiment on context-dependent memory on land and underwater : A replication. Royal Society Open Science, 8(11), 200724. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200724 Shin, Y. S., Masís-Obando, R., Keshavarzian, N., Dáve, R., & Norman, K. A. (2021). Context-dependent memory effects in two immersive virtual reality environments : On Mars and underwater. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(2), 574‑582. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01835-3 Smith, S. M., & Vela, E. (2001). Environmental context-dependent memory: A review and meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8(2), 203–220. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196157 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] 2017-12-04 2022-04-25 Murre, J. M. J. (2021). The Godden and Baddeley (1975) experiment on context-dependent memory on land and underwater : A replication. Royal Society Open Science, 8(11), 200724. doi:10.1098/rsos.200724 effet du souvenir dépendant du contexte environmental context-dependent memory mémoire dépendante du contexte environnemental Better memory of information when the environmental context of learning is identical to that of memory retrieval. Meilleure mémoire d'informations quand le contexte environnemental de l'apprentissage est identique à celui de la récupération des souvenirs. Godden and Baddeley (1975) found that divers who learned a word list underwater recalled it better while diving, and similarly if learning and recall occurred on the beach. On the other hand, if recall occurs in a different environmental context than learning (learning while diving and recall on the beach, and vice versa), recall is worse than in the similar environment condition. Godden et Baddeley (1975) ont découvert que des plongeurs ayant appris une liste de mots sous l’eau la rappellent mieux en plongée, de même si l’apprentissage et le rappel s’effectuent sur la plage. Par contre, si le rappel se déroule dans un contexte environnemental différent de celui de l’apprentissage (apprentissage en plongée et rappel sur la plage, et inversement), le rappel est moins bon que dans la condition d’environnement similaire. context-dependent memory effect effet de la mémoire dépendante du contexte 2022-03-30 Cochran, K. J., Greenspan, R. L., Bogart, D. F., & Loftus, E. F. (2016). Memory blindness: Altered memory reports lead to distortion in eyewitness memory. Memory & Cognition, 44(5), 717–726. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-016-0594-y [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Stille, L., Norin, E., & Sikström, S. (2017). Self-delivered misinformation—Merging the choice blindness and misinformation effect paradigms. PLoS ONE, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173606 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Urban, E. J., Cochran, K. J., Acevedo, A. M., Cross, M. P., Pressman, S. D., & Loftus, E. F. (2019). Misremembering pain: A memory blindness approach to adding a better end. Memory & Cognition, 47(5), 954–967. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00913-9 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-05 cécité mnésique Phenomenon occurring when a person is unable to detect the differences between his or her original memories of an event and a modified version of those memories containing misleading information. Phénomène se manifestant quand une personne ne détecte pas de différence entre ses souvenirs initiaux d'un évènement et une version modifiée de ces souvenirs contenant de fausses informations. memory blindness effet de cécité mnésique memory blindness effect Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2005). The Science of False Memory. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 False memories are stable over time and, in some circumstances, more so than true memories. Furthermore, with time, the number of false memories increases and the number of true memories decreases (Brainerd & Reyna, 2005). Les faux souvenirs sont stables dans le temps et, dans certaines circonstances, peuvent l'être plus que les vrais souvenirs. En outre, avec le temps, le nombre de faux souvenirs peut augmenter, alors même que le nombre de vrais souvenirs décline (Brainerd & Reyna, 2005). effet de fausse persistance false-persistence effect Frank Arnould Kroll, J. F., & Stewart, E. (1994). Category interference in translation and picture naming: Evidence for asymmetric connections between bilingual memory representations. Journal of Memory and Language, 33(2), 149-174. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1994.1008 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 category interference effect effet d'interférence catégorielle Latence de dénomination plus longue d'images regroupées par catégorie sémantique. Longer naming latency of pictures grouped by semantic categories. effet de regroupement sémantique semantic blocking effect Frank Arnould Fernandes, M. A., Wammes, J. D., & Meade, M. E. (2018). The surprisingly powerful influence of drawing on memory. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 0963721418755385. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721418755385 Meade, M. E., Klein, M. D., & Fernandes, M. A. (2020). The benefit (and cost) of drawing as an encoding strategy. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 73(2), 199–210. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021819869188 Wammes, J. D., Meade, M. E., & Fernandes, M. A. (2016). The drawing effect: Evidence for reliable and robust memory benefits in free recall. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69(9), 1752-1776. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2015.1094494 2017-12-04 2021-08-10 Better memory for information (for example, words or definitions) that has been drawn. Meilleure mémoire d'informations (par exemple, des mots ou des définitions) qui ont été dessinées. drawing effect effet du dessin Frank Arnould Howard, M. W., & Kahana, M. J. (2002). When does semantic similarity help episodic retrieval? Journal of Memory and Language, 46(1), 85–98. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.2001.2798 2017-12-04 2021-08-11 Tendance à rappeler ensemble les items d'une liste qui partagent des attributs sémantiques. Tendency to recall list items sharing common semantic features together. effet de proximité sémantique semantic proximity effect Frank Arnould Murray, D. J. (1965). Vocalization-at-presentation and immediate recall, with varying presentation-rates. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 17(1), 47‑56. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470216508416407 Murray, D. J. (1967). The role of speech responses in short-term memory. Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie, 21(3), 263–276. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0082978 Murray, D. J. (1968). Articulation and acoustic confusability in short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 78(4, Pt.1), 679‑684. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0026641 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 concurrent articulation effect effet d'articulation concurrente suppression articulatoire Disturbance of verbal short-term memory when subjects articulate repeatedly an item (e.g. bah, bah, bah....) concurrently during a span task. The articulatory suppression eliminates the phonological similarity effect when the material is visually presented. Effet montrant que l'empan verbal est réduit quand le sujet articule de manière répétée un item (par exemple, bla, bla, bla…) de façon concurrente à la tâche d’empan. La suppression articulatoire élimine l’effet de similarité phonologique quand la présentation du matériel est visuelle. articulatory suppression effect effet de suppression articulatoire Pradhan, R. (2021, July 27). Event Segmentation and Event Boundary Advantage: Role of Attention and Post-encoding processes. Retrieved fromhttps://osf.io/rcgzq Frank Arnould Pradhan, R., & Kumar, D. (2021). Event segmentation and event boundary advantage : Role of attention and postencoding processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001155 2022-01-03 2023-09-04 Better memory for elements appearing at the beginning and end of an event than for what happens between these points in time. Meilleure mémoire des éléments apparaissant au début et à la fin d’un évènement que pour ce qui se déroule entre ces frontières. avantage des limites de l’évènement event boundary advantage Frank Arnould Healey, M. K., Long, N. M., & Kahana, M. J. (2019). Contiguity in episodic memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(3), 699–720. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1537-3 Kahana, M. J. (1996). Associative retrieval processes in free recall. Memory & Cognition, 24(1), 103–109. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197276 2017-12-04 2022-09-08 effet de contiguïté temporelle temporal contiguity effect Contiguous items in a list are more likely to be recalled jointly. Les items qui occupent des positions contiguës dans la liste d'étude tendent à être ensuite rappelés conjointement. contiguity effect effet de contiguïté Frank Arnould Pepe, N. W., Moyer, A., Peña, T., & Rajaram, S. (in press). Deceitful hints: A meta-analytic review of the part-list cuing impairment in recall. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-023-02263-9 Slamecka, N.J. (1968). An examination of trace storage in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 76(4, Pt.1), 504-513. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0025695 Xing, M., Niu, Z., & Liu, T. (2021). The part-list cuing effect in working memory : The influence of task presentation mode. Acta Psychologica, 219, 103393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103393 2021-08-30 2023-09-04 part-list cuing impairment effect part-set cuing effect part-set cuing impairment effect part-set cuing inhibition effect L’utilisation d’une partie des items de la liste étudiée comme indices de récupération au moment du rappel détériore la mémoire des autres items non présentés comme indices de récupération. “re-exposure of a subset of memory items as retrieval cues often impairs recall of the remaining non-cue (target) items“ (Xing et al., 2021). effet d’indiçage partiel d’une liste part-list cuing effect McCurdy, M. P., Viechtbauer, W., Sklenar, A., Frankenstein, A. N., & Leshikar, E. D. (2020, March 15). Theories of the Generation Effect and the Impact of Generation Constraint: A Meta-Analytic Review. https://osf.io/9pv7a/ Zormpa, E., & Brehm, L. (2020, March 21). The production and the generation effect improve memory in picture naming. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7KQ5S Frank Arnould Bertsch, S., Pesta, B. J., Wiscott, R., & McDaniel, M. A. (2007). The generation effect : A meta-analytic review. Memory & Cognition, 35(2), 201–210. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193441 Blaxton, T. A. (1989). Investigating dissociations among memory measures : Support for a transfer-appropriate processing framework. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(4), 657–668. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.15.4.657 Jacoby, L. L. (1983). Remembering the data : Analyzing interactive processes in reading. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22(5), 485–508. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(83)90301-8 McCurdy, M. P., Viechtbauer, W., Sklenar, A. M., Frankenstein, A. N., & Leshikar, E. D. (2020). Theories of the generation effect and the impact of generation constraint : A meta-analytic review. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 27(6), 1139‑1165. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01762-3 Schindler, J., Richter, T., & Mar, R. (2021). Does generation benefit learning for narrative and expository texts? A direct replication attempt. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 35(2), 559‑564. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3781 Schmidt, S. R., & Cherry, K. (1989). The negative generation effect : Delineation of a phenomenon. Memory & Cognition, 17(3), 359–369. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.4.6.592 Serra, M., & Nairne, J. S. (1993). Design controversies and the generation effect : Support for an item-order hypothesis. Memory & Cognition, 21(1), 34–40. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211162 Slamecka, N. J., & Graf, P. (1978). The generation effect: Delineation of a phenomenon. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 4(6), 592–604. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.4.6.592 Srinivas, K., & Roediger, H. L. (1990). Classifying implicit memory tests : Category association and anagram solution. Journal of Memory and Language, 29(4), 389–412. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(90)90063-6 2017-12-04 McCurdy, M. P., & Leshikar, E. D. (2022). Contextual framework of the generation effect. The American Journal of Psychology, 135(3), 251–270. https://doi.org/10.5406/19398298.135.3.01 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-03-19 Age: larger effect in older adults compared to younger adults (Betsch et al., 2007). Composition de la liste : effet éliminé ou réduit quand les listes sont composées entièrement d’items à lire ou à générer, comparativement à des listes mixtes (Serra & Nairne, 1993 ; Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020). Contrainte de génération (quantité d'informations données au participant pour générer une certaine réponse) : les contraintes faibles produisent un effet de génération plus important que les contraintes moyennes ou élevées, mais seulement dans les tâches de rappel libre et de rappel indicé. Pas d’influence du niveau de contrainte dans une tâche de reconnaissance (McCurdy et al., 2020). Experimental design: Larger effect in an intra-subject design than in an inter-subject design (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020). Generated information: larger effect when the subject has to generate the complete target compared to the generation of part of the target (Betsch et al., 2007). Generation constraint (amount of information given to the participant to generate a certain response): low constraints produce a higher generation effect than medium or high constraints, but only in free recall and cued recall tasks. No influence of the constraint level in a recognition task (McCurdy et al., 2020). Generation rule: Calculation generation produces the largest effect (Betsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020). Information générée : effet plus important quand le sujet doit générer une information complète comparé à la génération d'une partie d'une information (Betsch et al., 2007). Intervalle de rétention : effet de plus en plus large quand l'intervalle de rétention augmente (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020). Learning type: larger effect in incidental learning than in intentional learning (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020). List composition: effect eliminated or reduced when lists are composed entirely of items to be read or generated, compared to mixed lists (Serra & Nairne, 1993 ; Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020). Mode de génération : effet plus important quand les réponses générées sont verbales/orales, comparativement à des réponses écrites ou implicites (McCurdy et al., 2020). Mode of generation: larger effect when the responses generated are verbal/oral, compared to written or covert responses (McCurdy et al., 2020). Nombre de stimuli : effet plus important quand le nombre d'information à générer est plus petit (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020). Number of stimuli: larger effect when the number of information to be generated is smaller (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020). Plan expérimental : effet plus important dans un plan intra-sujets que dans un plan inter-sujets (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020). Relation du stimulus : effet plus important avec la génération d'un associé sémantique (McCurdy et al., 2020). Retention interval: Increasingly larger effect as retention interval increases (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020). Règle de génération : La génération de calculs produit l'effet le plus important (Betsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020). Stimulus relation: larger effect with the generation of a semantic associate (McCurdy et al., 2020). Stimulus type: larger effect for numbers and words compared to nonwords (Betsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020). Test type: larger effect in a cued recall or recognition task compared to a free recall task. (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy, 2020). Test type: the effect is reversed in tests of implicit memory (Braxton, 1989; Jacoby, 1983; Srinivas & Roediger, 1990). Type d'apprentissage : effet plus important en apprentissage incident qu'en apprentissage intentionnel (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020). Type de stimulus : effet plus important pour les nombres et les mots que pour des non-mots (Betsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020). Type de test : effet inversé dans des tests de mémoire implicite (Braxton, 1989 ; Jacoby, 1983 ; Srinivas & Roediger, 1990). Type de test : effet plus important dans une tâche de rappel indicé ou de reconnaissance comparativement à une tâche de rappel libre (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy, 2020). Âge : effet plus important chez les adultes âgés comparativement aux adultes jeunes (Betsch et al., 2007). Schindler, J., Richter, T., & Mar, R. (s. d.). Does generation benefit learning for narrative and expository texts? A direct replication attempt. Applied Cognitive Psychology, n/a(n/a). doi:10.1002/acp.3781 Better memory for self-generated items than for read items or items provided by the experimenter. In some circumstances, generation does not affect memory or may have a detrimental effect (negative generation effect). La mémoire est meilleure pour des éléments que le sujet a générés lui-même que pour des éléments lus ou fournis par l'expérimentateur. Dans certaines circonstances, la génération peut n'avoir aucun effet sur la mémoire ou la détériorer (effet de génération négatif). effet de génération generation effect Frank Arnould Perdue, B. M., Kelly, A. J., & Beran, M. J. (2018). Assessing distinctiveness effects and “false memories” in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 31. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2019-02863-001&lang=fr&site=ehost-live Surprenant, A. M., & Neath, I. (2009). Principles of memory. Psychology Press. Waddill, P. J., & McDaniel, M. A. (1998). Distinctiveness effects in recall. Memory & Cognition, 26(1), 108–120. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211374 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 Better memory for information that stands out from other information. La mémoire est meilleure pour les informations qui se distinguent d'autres informations. distinctiveness effects distinctiveness effect effet de distinctivité Körner, H. M., & Nuthmann, A. (2023, February 2). Revisiting the Role of Attention in the “Weapon Focus Effect”: Do Weapons Draw Gaze Away From the Perpetrator Under Naturalistic Viewing Conditions? https://osf.io/8w9px Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Carlson, C., & Carlson, M. (2012). A distinctiveness-driven reversal of the weapon-focus effect. Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice, 8(1), 36–53. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Carlson, C. A., & Carlson, M. A. (2014). An evaluation of lineup presentation, weapon presence, and a distinctive feature using ROC analysis. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 3(2), 45–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2014.03.004 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Carlson, C., Pleasant, W., Weatherford, D., Carlson, M., & Whittington, J. (2016). The weapon focus effect: Testing an extension of the unusualness hypothesis. Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice, 2016, 87–100. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Carlson, C. A., Dias, J. L., Weatherford, D. R., & Carlson, M. A. (2017). An investigation of the weapon focus effect and the confidence-accuracy relationship for eyewitness identification. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 6(1), 82–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2016.04.001 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Davies, G. M., Smith, S., & Blincoe, C. (2008). A “weapon focus” effect in children. Psychology Crime & Law, 14(1), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/10683160701340593 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Fawcett, J. M., Russell, E. J., Peace, K. A., & Christie, J. (2013). Of guns and geese: a meta-analytic review of the “weapon focus” literature. Psychology, Crime & Law, 19(1), 35–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2011.599325 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Fawcett, J. M., Peace, K. A., & Greve, A. (2016). Looking down the barrel of a gun: What do we know about the weapon focus effect? Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 5(3), 257-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2016.07.005 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Kocab, K., & Sporer, S. (2016). The weapon focus effect for person identifications and descriptions: A meta-analysis. In M. K. Miller & B. H. Bornstein (Eds.), Advances in psychology and law (pp. 71–117). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29406-3_3 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Kramer, T. H., Buckhout, R., & Eugenio, P. (1990). Weapon focus, arousal, and eyewitness memory: Attention must be paid. Law and Human Behavior, 14(2), 167–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01062971 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Körner, H. M., Faul, F., & Nuthmann, A. (2023). Revisiting the role of attention in the “weapon focus effect”: Do weapons draw gaze away from the perpetrator under naturalistic viewing conditions? Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-022-02643-8 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Loftus, E. F., Loftus, G. R., & Messo, J. (1987). Some facts about “weapon focus.” Law and Human Behavior, 11(1), 55–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01044839 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Mansour, J. K., Hamilton, C. M., & Gibson, M. T. (2019). Understanding the weapon focus effect: The role of threat, unusualness, exposure duration, and scene complexity. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(6), 991–1007. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3515 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Pickel, K. L., Narter, D. B., Jameson, M. M., & Lenhardt, T. T. (2008). The weapon focus effect in child eyewitnesses. Psychology, Crime, and Law, 14(1), 61–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/10683160701391307 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Steblay, N. M. (1992). A meta-analytic review of the weapon focus effect. Law and Human Behavior, 16(4), 413–424. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02352267 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] 2023-07-21 Apparence physique : l'effet de focalisation sur l'arme sur l’identification du suspect est inversé quand le malfaiteur présente un signe distinctif (Carlson & Carlson, 2012 ; 2014). Attentes : l'effet de focalisation sur l'arme est plus large quand la présence d’une arme est inattendue et viole les attentes du témoin (Fawcett et al., 2016). Expectations: the weapon focus effect is larger when the presence of a weapon is unexpected (Fawcett et al., 2016). Intervalle de rétention : l'ampleur de l’effet de focalisation sur l'arme diminue au fur et à mesure que le temps augmente entre le moment où la scène de crime est vécue et le test de la mémoire (Fawcell et al., 2013). Physical appearance: the weapon focus effect on suspect identification is reversed when the perpetrator presents a distinctive sign (Carlson & Carlson, 2012; 2014). Retention interval: the magnitude of the weapon focus effect decreases as the time between the crime scene being experienced and the memory test increases (Fawcell et al., 2013). Temps d’exposition de l’arme : l'effet de focalisation sur l'arme est plus faible quand la durée d’exposition de l’arme est courte (≤ 10 secondes) ou longue (> 60 secondes), comparativement à un temps d’exposition intermédiaire (entre 10 et 60 secondes) (Fawcett et al., 2013). Type de témoignage oculaire : les méta-analyses indiquent un effet modéré de focalisation sur l'arme sur le rappel et la description de mémoire des détails d’un crime (par exemple, la description de l’apparence physique du malfaiteur) et un effet faible, voire une absence d’effet, sur l’identification du suspect dans un tapissage de police (Kocab & Sporer, 2016 ; Fawcett et al., 2013 ; Steblay, 1992). Type d’arme : l'effet de focalisation sur l'arme est plus large sur la description de mémoire de l’apparence physique du malfaiteur quand celui-ci a brandi un couteau ou un couperet à viande comparativement à une arme à feu (Kobac & Sporer, 2016). Type d’étude : l’effet de focalisation sur l'arme est plus faible dans les études portant sur des cas réels que dans les études en laboratoire ou de simulation d’un crime (Fawcett et al., 2013). Type of eyewitness testimony: Meta-analyses suggest a moderate weapon focus effect on recalling and describing from memory specific details of a crime, such as the perpetrator's physical appearance. However, this effect is weak or even nonexistent on suspect identification in a police lineup (Kocab and Sporer (2016), Fawcett et al. (2013), and Steblay (1992). Weapon exposure time: the weapon focus effect is weaker when the weapon exposure time is short (≤ 10 seconds) or long (> 60 seconds), compared to an intermediate exposure time (between 10 and 60 seconds) (Fawcett et al., 2013). Weapon type: the weapon focus effect is larger for descriptions from memory of the perpetrator's physical appearance when the perpetrator was holding a knife or meat cleaver compared to a gun (Kobac & Sporer, 2016). effet d'arme weapon focusing "a phenomenon whereby the presence of an unexpected weapon (e.g., a gun or knife) impairs memory for the perpetrator as well as other details of a criminal event, excluding the weapon itself." (Fawcett et al., 2016, p. 257-258). « phénomène par lequel la présence inattendue d’une arme (par exemple, une arme à feu ou un couteau) altère la mémoire de l’auteur d’un crime et d’autres détails d’une scène criminelle, à l’exclusion de l’arme elle-même » (Fawcett et al., 2016, p. 257-258). weapon focus effet de focalisation sur l'arme weapon focus effect Frank Arnould Rosch, E. (1975). Cognitive representations of semantic categories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 104(3), 192-233. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.104.3.192 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 Le temps pour décider qu'un concept est un membre d'une catégorie sémantique est plus court s'il est un membre typique de cette catégorie. The time needed to decide that a concept is a member of a semantic category is shorter if it is a typical member of that category. effet de typicalité typicality effect Frank Arnould Chen, X. R., Gomes, C. F. A., & Brainerd, C. J. (2018). Explaining recollection without remembering. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 44(12), 1921–1930. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000559 2019-04-24 2023-03-21 Dans un test de reconnaissance, les sujets sont parfois capables de se souvenir du contexte des items étudiés tout en déclarant ces items comme étant nouveaux. In a recognition test, people are sometimes able to remember the context of items they have studied while declaring these items to be new. recollection sans souvenir recollection without remembering Frank Arnould Brown, A. (2020). The butcher on the bus experience. In A. M. Cleary & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Memory Quirks : The study of odd phenomena in memory (p. 224‑247). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429264498-17 MacLeod, C. M. (2020). The butcher on the bus : A note on familiarity without recollection. History of Psychology, 23(4), 383‑387. https://doi.org/10.1037/hop0000178 Mandler, G. (1980). Recognizing : The judgment of previous occurrence. Psychological Review, 87(3), 252‑271. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.87.3.252 2021-06-07 2023-09-04 BOB experience butcher-on-the-bus phenomenon expérience du boucher dans le bus Feeling that a person is familiar, especially when recognized in an atypical context, without recall of particular information about that person. Sentiment qu’une personne est familière, en particulier quand elle est reconnue dans un contexte atypique, sans rappel d’informations particulières concernant cette personne. Le phénomène tire son nom de l’exemple donné par Mandler (1980, p. 252-253) : « Imaginez que vous voyez un homme dans un bus que vous êtes sûr d'avoir déjà vu auparavant ; vous le "connaissez" en ce sens. Une telle reconnaissance est généralement suivie d'un processus de recherche demandant, en fait, d'où pourrais-je le connaître ? Qui est-il ? Le processus de recherche génère des contextes probables (est-ce que je le connais au travail ; est-ce une star de cinéma, un commentateur de télévision, le laitier ?) Finalement, la recherche peut aboutir à la conclusion suivante : c'est le boucher du supermarché ! » The phenomenon takes its name from the example given by Mandler (1980, pp. 252-253): “Consider seeing a man on a bus whom you are sure that you have seen before; you “know” him in that sense. Such a recognition is usually followed by a search process asking, in effect, where could I know him from? Who is he? The search process generates likely contexts (Do I know him from work; is he a movie star, a TV commentator, the milkman?). Eventually the search may end with the insight, that’s the butcher from the supermarket!“ boucher dans le bus butcher in the bus butcher in the bus phenomenon butcher on the bus butcher on the bus experience butcher on the bus phenomenon butcher-in-the-bus butcher-on-the-bus butcher-in-the-bus phenomenon phénomène du boucher dans le bus Frank Arnould Williams, C. C. (2010). Incidental and intentional visual memory: What memories are and are not affected by encoding tasks? Visual Cognition, 18(9), 1348-1367. https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2010.486280 Williams, C. C. (2010). Not all visual memories are created equal. Visual Cognition, 18(2), 201-228. https://doi.org/10.1080/13506280802664482 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 After a visual search task in which participants have to identify targets among distractors, better visual memory for targets than for distractors, even when the targets were seen for a shorter time than the distractors or when the time of visual fixation on the distractors and targets is identical. Après une tâche de recherche visuelle, au cours de laquelle les participants doivent identifier des cibles parmi des distracteurs, meilleure mémoire visuelle des cibles que des distracteurs, même quand les cibles ont été vues moins longtemps que les distracteurs ou quand le temps de fixation visuelle des cibles et des distracteurs est identique. effet de la cible target effect Jersakova, Radka; O'Connor, Akira (2016): Data file for "Investigating the role of assessment method on reports of déjà vu and tip-of-the-tongue states during standard recognition tests". figshare. Dataset. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.3144838.v1 Frank Arnould Brown, A. S. (2012). The tip of the tongue state. Psychology Press. Brown, R., & McNeill, D. (1966). The “tip of the tongue” phenomenon. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 5(4), 325–337. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(66)80040-3 Schwartz, B. L., & Pournaghdali, A. (2020). Tip-of-the-tongue states : Past and future. In A. M. Cleary & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Memory quirks : The study of odd phenomena in memory (p. 207‑223). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429264498-16 2018-11-05 2022-04-05 TOT Difficulty in finding a word accompanied by the feeling that it is known and about to be retrieved. Difficulté à retrouver un mot accompagné du sentiment que celui-ci est connu et sur le point d'être récupéré. TOTs mot sur le bout de la langue tip-of-the-tongue Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Improved memory performance when the cognitive context (thoughts, language, etc.) during encoding of items is the same as at the time of retrieval. Meilleure performance de la mémoire quand le contexte cognitif (pensées, langage...) au moment de l'encodage des items est le même que celui présent au moment de la récupération. cognitive-context dependent memory mémoire dépendante du contexte cognitif Frank Arnould Hitch, G. J. (1975). The role of attention in visual and auditory suffix effects. Memory & Cognition, 3(5), 501–505. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197521 2017-12-04 2021-07-05 Effet montrant que le rappel sériel immédiat est perturbé si des éléments auditifs non pertinents sont intercalés entre les éléments à récupérer. Serial recall is disrupted if irrelevant auditory elements are inserted between the elements to be retrieved. effet sandwich sandwich effect Frank Arnould Friedmann, W.J. (1993). Memory for the time of past events. Psychological Bulletin, 113(1), 44-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.113.1.44 Janssen, S. M. J., Chessa, A. G., & Murre, J. M. J. (2006). Memory for time: How people date events. Memory & Cognition, 34(1), 138–147. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193393 Rubin, D. C., & Baddeley, A. D. (1989). Telescoping is not time compression: A model. Memory & Cognition, 17(6), 653–661. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202626 2017-12-04 2023-08-10 biais télescopique telescoping bias Erreur consistant à postdater des souvenirs (effet télescopique) ou à les prédater (effet télescopique inverse). Error by postdating (telescoping effect) or predating (inversed telecosping effect) a memory. effet télescopique telescoping effect Frank Arnould Baddeley, A. D. (1966). Short-term memory for word sequences as a function of acoustic, semantic and formal similarity. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18(4), 362-365. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640746608400055 Conrad, R. (1964). Acoustic confusions in immediate memory. British Journal of Psychology, 55(1), 75–84. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1964.tb00899.x Conrad, R., & Hull, A. J. (1964). Information, acoustic confusion and memory span. British Journal of Psychology, 55(4), 429-432. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1964.tb00928.x 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 acoustic confusion effect effet de confusion acoustique effet de similarité phonémique phonemic similarity effect Effect showing that immediate serial recall of a list of items (e.g., words or letters) is reduced when these items are phonologically similar. Effet montrant que le rappel sériel immédiat d’une liste d’items (par exemple, des mots ou des lettres) est réduit si ces items sont phonologiquement similaires. effet de similarité phonologique phonological similarity effect Frank Arnould MacLeod, C. M. (2020). Zeigarnik and von Restorff: The memory effects and the stories behind them. Memory & Cognition, 48(6), 1073–1088. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01033-5 Zeigarnik, B. (1927). Das Behalten erledigter und unerledigter Handlungen. Psychologische Forschung, 9, 1–85. 2017-12-04 2023-03-18 Tendance selon laquelle on se souvient mieux des tâches interrompues que des tâches accomplies (Zeigarnik, 1927). The tendency to remember discontinued tasks better than completed tasks. Zeigarnik effect effet Zeigarnik Maraver, M. J., Lapa, A., Garcia-Marques, L., Carneiro, P., & Raposo, A. (2021, August 8). Imagination Reduces False Memories for Everyday Action Sentences: Evidence from Pragmatic Inferences. https://osf.io/v8apj/ Maraver, M. J., Lapa, A., Garcia-Marques, L., Carneiro, P., & Raposo, A. (2021). Imagination reduces false memories for everyday action sentences : Evidence from pragmatic inferences. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 3551. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.668899 Oliver, M. C., Bays, R. B., & Zabrucky, K. M. (2016). False memories and the DRM paradigm : Effects of imagery, list, and test type. The Journal of General Psychology, 143(1), 33‑48. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2015.1110558 2021-09-16 2023-09-04 Dans certaines circonstances, imaginer les éléments à mémoriser réduit la création de faux souvenirs. In some circumstances, imagining the items to be remembered reduces the formation of false memories. effet facilitateur de l'imagination imagination facilitation effect Calado, B., Otgaar, H., & Muris, P. (2018, September 27). Are Children Better Witnesses than Adolescents? Developmental Trends in Different False Memory Paradigms. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/6EMH2 Otgaar, H. (2016). The production of spontaneous false memories across childhood [Data set]. DataverseNL. doi:10.34894/XJVTDE Otgaar, H. (2016). When young children are better eyewitnesses than older children and adults: Developmental reversals in susceptibility to misinformation [Data set]. DataverseNL. doi:10.34894/CTDUVD Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2012). Reliability of children’s testimony in the era of developmental reversals. Developmental Review, 32(3), 224–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2012.06.008 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Brainerd, C. J. (2013). Developmental reversals in false memory: A new look at the reliability of children’s evidence. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(5), 335–341. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721413484468 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Brainerd, C. J., Reyna, V. F., & Holliday, R. E. (2018). Developmental reversals in false memory: Development is complementary, not compensatory. Developmental Psychology, 54(9), 1773–1784. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000554 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2023). Theoretical explanations of developmental reversals in memory and reasoning. Developmental Review, 69, 101087. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2023.101087 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Calado, B., Otgaar, H., & Muris, P. (2018). Are children better witnesses than adolescents? Developmental trends in different false memory paradigms. Journal of Child Custody, 15(4), 330–348. https://doi.org/10.1080/15379418.2019.1568948 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Peters, M., Smeets, T., & Moritz, S. (2014). The production of spontaneous false memories across childhood. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 121, 28–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2013.11.019 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Merckelbach, H., & Muris, P. (2018). Who is the better eyewitness? Sometimes adults but at other times children. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27(5), 378–385. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721418770998 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Muris, P., & Merckelbach, H. (2019). Dealing with false memories in children and adults: Recommendations for the legal arena. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 6(1), 87–93. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732218818584 [Document type: literature review / Access: free] Schopen, K., Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., & Muris, P. (2022). Effects of forewarnings on children’s and adults’ spontaneous false memories. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 19(2), 177–197. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2021.1904877 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-07-28 Stimulus type: The effect is eliminated when stimuli contains obvious themes (more false memories in children than in adults; Otgaar et al., 2014). Type de stimuli : l’effet est éliminé quand les stimuli contiennent des thèmes évidents (plus de faux souvenirs chez les enfants que chez les adultes ; Otgaar et al., 2014). Terme utilisé pour désigner le fait que, dans certaines tâches de mémoire, les jeunes enfants produisent un moins grand nombre de faux souvenirs que les enfants plus âgés et les adultes. Les tâches en cause permettent la mise en relation sémantique des stimuli qui devient plus efficiente à mesure que les enfants grandissent. C'est le cas du paradigme DRM. The term used for the fact that in some memory tasks, young children produce fewer false memories than older children and adults. These tasks (e.g. the DRM task) involve the ability to relate items associatively or semantically, an ability that becomes more efficient as children get older. developmental reversal inversion développementale Frank Arnould Smith, R. E., & Hunt, R. R. (1998). Presentation modality affects false memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 5(4), 710–715. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03208850 2017-12-04 2021-07-05 Dans le paradigme DRM, la production de faux souvenirs est réduite quand les stimuli sont présentés visuellement plutôt qu'auditivement. In the DRM paradigm, the production of false memories is reduced when stimuli are presented visually rather than aurally. effet de modalité (faux souvenirs) modality effect in false memories Díez, E., Fernandez, A., & Alonso, M. A. (2020, October 7). Absence of post-learning motor activity effects on memory for motor related words. https://osf.io/bx945/ Frank Arnould Dam, W. O. van, Rueschemeyer, S.-A., Bekkering, H., & Lindemann, O. (2013). Embodied grounding of memory : Toward the effects of motor execution on memory consolidation: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1080/17470218.2013.777084 Romero, T., Vargas, C. A., Alonso, M. Á., Díez, E., & Fernandez, A. (2020). Absence of post-learning motor activity effects on memory for motor-related words. Memory, 0(0), 1‑12. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1826527 2020-10-08 2023-09-04 Romero, T., Vargas, C. A., Alonso, M. Á., Díez, E., & Fernandez, A. (2020). Absence of post-learning motor activity effects on memory for motor-related words. Memory, 0(0), 1‑12. doi:10.1080/09658211.2020.1826527 Better memory for action words if their memorization was followed by motor execution. Meilleure mémoire de mots d'action quand leur mémorisation a été suivie de leur exécution motrice. effet de consolidation motrice motor consolidation effect Pfister, R., Schwarz, K. A., Wirth, R., & Lindner, I. (2017, April 26). My command, my act: Observation inflation in face-to-face interactions. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/RDFS6 Frank Arnould 2021-11-30 Kashihara, S., Kanayama, N., Miyatani, M., & Nakao, T. (2017). Attentive observation is essential for the misattribution of agency to self-performance. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 890. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00890 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Kersten, A. W., Earles, J. L., & Brymer, J. W. (2022). Effects of age and self-performance on memory for who did what. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 77(3), 472–481. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab118 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Kękuś, M., Dziubańska, R., Komęza, I., Dudek, I., Chylińska, K., Szpitalak, M., & Polczyk, R. (2020). Observation inflation and interrogative suggestibility : Different but related memory errors. Polish Psychological Bulletin 51(3):219-225. https://doi.org/10.24425/ppb.2020.134728 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Lange, N., Hollins, T. J., & Bach, P. (2017). Testing the motor simulation account of source errors for actions in recall. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1686. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01686 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Lindner, I., Echterhoff, G., Davidson, P., & Brand, M. (2010). Observation inflation : Your actions become mine. Psychological science, 21, 1291‑1299. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797610379860 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Lindner, I., Schain, C., Kopietz, R., & Echterhoff, G. (2012). When do we confuse self and other in action memory? Reduced false memories of self-performance after observing actions by an out-group vs. in-group actor. Frontiers in Psychology, 3, 467. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00467 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Pfister, R., Schwarz, K. A., Wirth, R., & Lindner, I. (2017). My command, my act : Observation inflation in face-to-face interactions. Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 13(2), 177‑187. https://doi.org/10.5709/acp-0217-7 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Schain, C., Lindner, I., Beck, F., & Echterhoff, G. (2012). Looking at the actor’s face : Identity cues and attentional focus in false memories of action performance from observation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48(5), 1201‑1204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2012.04.003 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Wang, L., Chen, Y., & Yue, Y. (2022). Is motor activity the key to the observation-inflation effect? The role of action simulation. Memory & Cognition, 50(5), 1048‑1060. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-021-01259-x [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-04 L'observation d'une autre personne en train d'effectuer une action peut conduire des personnes à se souvenir faussement qu'elles ont exécuté elles-mêmes l'action en question (Lindner et al., 2010). Observing another person perform an action can lead people to falsely remember that they performed that action (Lindner et al., 2010). effet d’inflation par observation observation inflation effect Ensor, T. (2018, September 29). Listening to the Picture-Superiority Effect: Evidence for the Conceptual-Distinctiveness Account of Picture Superiority in Recognition. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/YKG8S Neath, I. (2021). Picture Superiority [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/HTM7E Van der Cruyssen, I., Regnath, F., Ben-Shakhar, G., Pertzov, Y., & Verschuere, B. (2021, January 26). Is a picture worth a thousand words? Congruency between encoding and testing improves detection of concealed memories. OSF. https://osf.io/84eas/ Frank Arnould Madigan, S. (2013). Representational storage in picture memory. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 4(6), 567-568. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03334293 Paivio, A., & Csapo, K. (1973). Picture superiority in free recall: Imagery or dual coding? Cognitive Psychology, 5(2), 176-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(73)90032-7 Shepard, R. N. (1967). Recognition memory for words, sentences, and pictures. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 6(1), 156-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(67)80067-7 2017-12-04 2022-04-25 Better memory for pictures than for words. Meilleure mémoire des images que des mots. effet de supériorité des images picture superiority effect Holdstock, J., Dalton, P., May, K., Boogert, S., & Mickes, L. (2022, May 10). Lineup identification in young and older witnesses: Does describing the criminal help or hinder?. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7EA23 Protzko, J., & Lundmark, S. (2022, November 12). Verbal Overshadowing 5-10-15-20 with E/C timing manipulation and sham. https://osf.io/4v9jq Protzko, J., Schooler, J., & Lundmark, S. (2022, March 10). Verbal Overshadowing 20 min with new distractor tasks. https://osf.io/892st/ Protzko, J., Schooler, J., & Lundmark, S. (2022, September 28). Verbal Overshadowing 11-12.5-14 timing manipulation. https://osf.io/v3ugq Simons, D. J., Holcombe, A. O., Schooler, J., Drew, A., Spellman, B., & Ballard-Wood, A. (2014, August 7). RRR—Schooler & Engstler-Schooler (1990). https://osf.io/ybeur/ Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Alogna, V. K., Attaya, M. K., Aucoin, P., Bahník, Š., Birch, S., Birt, A. R., Bornstein, B. H., Bouwmeester, S., Brandimonte, M. A., Brown, C., Buswell, K., Carlson, C., Carlson, M., Chu, S., Cislak, A., Colarusso, M., Colloff, M. F., Dellapaolera, K. S., Delvenne, J.-F., … Zwaan, R. A. (2014). Registered Replication Report : Schooler and Engstler-Schooler (1990). Perspectives on Psychological Science, 9(5), 556–578. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691614545653 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] Baker, M., & Reysen, M. (2020). The influence of recall instruction type and length on the verbal overshadowing effect. The American Journal of Forensic Psychology, 38, 3–29. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Baker, M. A., & Reysen, M. B. (2021). Using intentional and incidental encoding instructions to test the transfer inappropriate processing shift account of verbal overshadowing. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 0(0), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2021.1946545 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Hatano, A., Ueno, T., Kitagami, S., & Kawaguchi, J. (2015). Why verbalization of non-verbal memory reduces recognition accuracy: A computational approach to verbal overshadowing. PLoS ONE, 10(6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127618 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Holdstock, J. S., Dalton, P., May, K. A., Boogert, S., & Mickes, L. (2022). Lineup identification in young and older witnesses: Does describing the criminal help or hinder? Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 7(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-022-00399-1 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Marmurek, H. H. C., Rusyn, R., Zgardau, A., & Zgardau, A.-M. (2022). Verbal overshadowing at an immediate task-test delay is independent of video-task delay. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 34(2), 243–248. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2021.1981916 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed] Meissner, C. A., & Brigham, J. C. (2001). A meta-analysis of the verbal overshadowing effect in face identification. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 15(6), 603‑616. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.728 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Meissner, C. A., Sporer, S. L., & Susa, K. J. (2008). A theoretical review and meta-analysis of the description-identification relationship in memory for faces. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 20(3), 414–455. https://doi.org/10.1080/09541440701728581 [Document type: literature review, meta-analysis / Access: closed] Mickes, L., & Wixted, J. T. (2015). On the applied implications of the “verbal overshadowing effect.” Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10(3), 400–403. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691615576762 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Pohl, R. F. (2022). Labeling and overshadowing effects. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions: Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgment, and memory (3rd ed.). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Schooler, J. W., & Engstler-Schooler, T. Y. (1990). Verbal overshadowing of visual memories: Some things are better left unsaid. Cognitive Psychology, 22(1), 36-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(90)90003-M [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Wilson, B. M., Seale-Carlisle, T. M., & Mickes, L. (2018). The effects of verbal descriptions on performance in lineups and showups. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 147(1), 113–124. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000354 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 VOE Détérioration de la mémoire d'une information non verbale (par exemple, un visage) qui a été décrite verbalement. Reduction in memory performance for non-verbal information (e.g. a face) that has been described verbally. ombrage verbal verbal overshadowing effet d'ombrage verbal verbal overshadowing effect Anes, M. D. (2020, April 13). Illusory Truth in Minimal Groups. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/KHYGJ Brashier, N. M., & Eliseev, E. D. (2019, August 15). An Initial Accuracy Focus Prevents Illusory Truth. https://osf.io/b4szp/ De keersmaecker Jonas. (2019, April 3). Investigating the robustness of the illusory truth effect across individual differences in cognitive ability, need for cognitive closure, and cognitive style. https://osf.io/xbwmh/ Henderson, E. L., Vallée-Tourangeau, F., Westwood, S. J., & Simons, D. J. (2021, June 28). A Reproducible Systematic Map of the Illusory Truth Effect. https://osf.io/dm9yx/ Frank Arnould Bacon, F. T. (1979). Credibility of repeated statements: Memory for trivia. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning & Memory, 5(3), 241–252. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.5.3.241 Béna, J., Carreras, O., & Terrier, P. (2019). L’effet de vérité induit par la répétition : Revue critique de l’hypothèse de familiarité. L'Année Psychologique, 119(3), 397‑425. https://doi.org/10.3917/anpsy1.193.0397 Dechêne, A., Stahl, C., Hansen, J., & Wänke, M. (2010). The truth about the truth: A meta-analytic review of the truth effect. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 14(2), 238–257. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868309352251 Fazio, L. K., Brashier, N. M., Payne, B. K., & Marsh, E. J. (2015). Knowledge does not protect against illusory truth. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 144(5), 993–1002. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000098 Fazio, L., Rand, D. G., & Pennycook, G. (2019). Repetition increases perceived truth equally for plausible and implausible statements. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01651-4 Hasher, L., Goldstein, D., & Toppino, T. (1977). Frequency and the conference of referential validity. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 16(1), 107-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(77)80012-1 Hassan, A., & Barber, S. J. (2021). The effects of repetition frequency on the illusory truth effect. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 6(1), 38. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-021-00301-5 Henderson, E. L., Westwood, S. J., & Simons, D. J. (2022). A reproducible systematic map of research on the illusory truth effect. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 29(3), 1065‑1088. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-01995-w Henderson, E. L., Westwood, S. J., & Simons, D. J. (2022). A reproducible systematic map of research on the illusory truth effect. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 29(3), 1065‑1088. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-01995-w Nadarevic, L. (2022). Illusory truth effect. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions: Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgment, and memory (3rd ed., pp. 225–240). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003154730-17 Pennycook, G., Cannon, T. D., & Rand, D. G. (2018). Prior exposure increases perceived accuracy of fake news. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 147(12), 1865–1880. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000465 Unkelbach, C. (2007). Reversing the truth effect: Learning the interpretation of processing fluency in judgments of truth. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 33(1), 219–230. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.33.1.219 Unkelbach, C., & Rom, S. C. (2017). A referential theory of the repetition-induced truth effect. Cognition, 160, 110–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2016.12.016 Unkelbach, C., Koch, A., Silva, R. R., & Garcia-Marques, T. (2019). Truth by repetition: Explanations and implications. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 28(3), 247–253. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721419827854 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Patrice Terrier effet de réitération effet de validité effet de vérité illusory truth reiteration effect repetition truth effect truth effect truth-by-repetition-effect validity effect vérité illusoire La présentation répétée d’un énoncé augmente la probabilité qu’il soit ensuite perçu comme vrai. Repeated presentation of a statement increases the likelihood that it will subsequently be perceived as true. effet de vérité illusoire illusory truth effect Frank Arnould Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory : An update. Memory, 1‑6. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1873391 2017-12-04 Schacter, D. L. (2003). Science de la mémoire. Oublier et se souvenir. Odile Jacob. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2022-01-11 biais de mémoire Preference for a processing type of information or for particular memories. Préférence pour un type de traitement des informations ou des types de souvenirs particuliers. biais mnésiques memory biases biais mnésique memory bias Frank Arnould Kahana, M. J. (1996). Associative retrieval processes in free recall. Memory & Cognition, 24(1), 103–109. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197276 2017-12-04 2022-04-07 Quand les sujets rappellent un item, tendance à rappeler ensuite l'item qui le suivait dans la liste d'étude (forward direction) plutôt que celui qui le précédait (backward direction). When subjects recall an item, they tend to recall the item that followed it in the study list (forward direction) rather than the one before it (backward direction). asymmetry effect effet d'asymétrie Frank Arnould Brown, N., Schweickart, O., & Svob, C. (2016). The effect of collective transitions on the organization and contents of autobiographical memory : A transition-theory perspective. The American Journal of Psychology, 129. https://doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.129.3.0259 Zebian, S., & Brown, N. R. (2014). Living in History in Lebanon : The influence of chronic social upheaval on the organisation of autobiographical memories. Memory, 22(3), 194–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2013.775310 2020-06-29 2023-03-27 Augmentation du nombre de souvenirs pour des évènements ayant eu lieu pendant des périodes de transition historique ou sociale (par exemple, une guerre). Increase in the number of autobiographical memories of events that took place during periods of historical or social transitions (e.g. a war). pic du bouleversement upheaval bump Frank Arnould Takahashi, M. (1991). The role of choice in memory as a function of age: Support for a metamemory interpretation of the self-choice effect. Psychologia: An International Journal of Psychology in the Orient, 34, 254–258. Watanabe, T., & Soraci, S. A. (2004). The self-choice effect from a multiple-cue perspective. Psychonomic bulletin & review, 11(1), 168–172. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03206478 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 "The self-choice effect refers to the phenomenon that self-chosen items are remembered better than experimenter assigned items" (Watanabe et Soraci, 2004, p. 168). Effet selon lequel la mémoire est meilleure pour des items choisis par le sujet que pour des items proposés par l'expérimentateur (Takahashi, 1991). effet du choix personnel self-choice effect Frank Arnould Hartley, J. (1973). The effect of pre-testing on post-test performance. Instructional Science, 2(2), 193–214. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00139871 2019-06-07 2023-03-22 An effect showing that long-term retention of information is improved when memory for that information is tested prior to learning. Effet montrant que le fait de tester les connaissances des sujets avant leur apprentissage améliore ensuite leur rétention à long terme. effet du prétesting pretesting effect Frank Arnould Tulving, E., & Thomson, D. M. (1973). Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory. Psychological Review, 80(5), 352–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0020071 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2017-12-04 2022-07-27 On parle d'échec de la reconnaissance lorsqu'un sujet est capable de rappeler des éléments qu'il est incapable de reconnaître par ailleurs. Ce phénomène a été décrit expérimentalement par Tulving et Thompson en 1973. Recognition failure occurs when a subject is able to recall items that he/she is unable to recognize elsewhere. This phenomenon was described experimentally by Tulving and Thompson in 1973. recognition failures recognition failure échec de la reconnaissance Frank Arnould Kliegl, O., & Bäuml, K.-H. T. (2021). Buildup and release from proactive interference – Cognitive and neural mechanisms. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 120, 264–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.028 Wickens, D. D., Born, D. G., & Allen, C. K. (1963). Proactive inhibition and item similarity in short-term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 2(5–6), 440–445. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(63)80045-6 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 levée de l'inhibition proactive release from PI release from proactive inhibition suppression de l'interférence proactive Dans certaines conditions expérimentales, dissipation de l’effet d’interférence proactive, par exemple, après introduction d’une liste d’items dissimilaires. Disappearance of the proactive interference effect under certain experimental conditions, e.g., after the introduction of a list of dissimilar items. levée de l'interférence proactive release from proactive interference Frank Arnould Charles, S. T., Mather, M., & Carstensen, L. L. (2003). Aging and emotional memory : The forgettable nature of negative images for older adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 132(2), 310‑324. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.132.2.310 Guillaume, C., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2009). L’effet de positivité : un aspect intriguant du vieillissement. Revue de neuropsychologie, 1(3), 247–253. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.013.0247 Hamilton, L. J., & Allard, E. S. (2020). Words matter : Age-related positivity in episodic memory for abstract but not concrete words. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 27(4), 595‑616. https://doi.org/10.1080/13825585.2019.1657556 Joubert, C., Davidson, P. S. R., & Chainay, H. (2018). When do older adults show a positivity effect in emotional memory? Experimental Aging Research, 44(5), 455‑468. https://doi.org/10.1080/0361073X.2018.1521498 Mather, M., & Carstensen, L. L. (2005). Aging and motivated cognition : The positivity effect in attention and memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9(10), 496‑502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2005.08.005 Mather, M., & Knight, M. (2005). Goal-directed memory : The role of cognitive control in older adults’ emotional memory. Psychology and Aging, 20(4), 554‑570. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.20.4.554 Reed, A. E., Chan, L., & Mikels, J. A. (2014). Meta-analysis of the age-related positivity effect: Age differences in preferences for positive over negative information. Psychology and Aging, 29(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035194 2017-12-04 2023-03-20 Attention : effet observé quand les stimuli sont encodés en condition de pleine attention et non en condition d’attention divisée (Joubert et al., 2018 ; Mather & Knight, 2005). Attention: effect observed when stimuli are encoded in a full attention condition and not in a divided attention condition (Joubert et al., 2018 ; Mather & Knight, 2005). Concrétude des mots : absence d’effet de positivité pour des mots concrets mais présence pour des mots abstraits, surtout chez les personnes âgées (Hamilton & Allard, 2020). Word concreteness : absence of positivity effect for concrete words but presence for abstract words, especially among older people (Hamilton & Allard, 2020). Joubert, C., Davidson, P. S. R., & Chainay, H. (2018). When do older adults show a positivity effect in emotional memory? Experimental Aging Research, 44(5), 455‑468. doi:10.1080/0361073X.2018.1521498 effet de positivité positivity effect positivity memory bias Biais de mémoire conduisant les personnes âgées à se souvenir préférentiellement d’événements positifs plutôt que d’événements négatifs ou émotionnellement neutres. Memory bias leading older people to preferentially remember positive events rather than negative or emotionally neutral events. biais de positivité positivity bias Frank Arnould Greene, R. L. (2004). Recognition memory for pseudowords. Journal of Memory and Language, 50(3), 259-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2003.12.001036. 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Dans une tâche de reconnaissance, plus grand nombre de reconnaissances correctes et de fausses reconnaissances de pseudomots (mots inexistants dans une langue, mais prononçables) par rapport aux mots. In a recognition task, more correct and false recognition of pseudowords (nonexistent but pronounceable words) than words. effet des pseudomots pseudoword effect Mieth, L., Bell, R., & Buchner, A. (2019, October 31). The “mnemonic time-travel effect”: A preregistered failure to replicate. https://osf.io/rf47v/ Frank Arnould Aksentijevic, A., Brandt, K. R., Tsakanikos, E., & Thorpe, M. J. A. (2019). It takes me back: The mnemonic time-travel effect. Cognition, 182, 242–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2018.10.007 Mieth, L., Bell, R., & Buchner, A. (2019). The “mnemonic time-travel effect” : A preregistered failure to replicate. Experimental Psychology, 1‑6. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000461 2019-04-25 2023-03-15 Mieth, L., Bell, R., & Buchner, A. (2019). The “mnemonic time-travel effect” : A preregistered failure to replicate. Experimental Psychology, 1‑6. doi:10.1027/1618-3169/a000461 Inducing a mental time travel by a backward motion (real motion of the subject, optical flow or by imagination) improves episodic memory for different kinds of information, compared to a forward movement or no movement. Le fait d'induire un voyage mental dans le temps par un mouvement vers l'arrière (à l'aide d'un déplacement réel du sujet, d'un flux optique ou par imagination) améliore la performance de la mémoire épisodique pour différentes informations, comparativement à un mouvement vers l'avant ou à l'absence de mouvement. effet du voyage mnésique dans le temps mnemonic time-travel effect Frank Arnould Cepeda, N. J., Pashler, H., Vul, E., Wixted, J. T., & Rohrer, D. (2006). Distributed practice in verbal recall tasks : A review and quantitative synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(3), 354‑380. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.132.3.354 Gerbier, É., & Koenig, O. (2015). Comment les intervalles temporels entre les répétitions d’une information en influencent-ils la mémorisation ? Revue théorique des effets de pratique distribuée. L’Année Psychologique, 115(3), 435–462. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503315000159 2018-03-20 2023-03-22 Better memory for items learned with distributed practice than with massed practice. In other words, learning material over several short sessions is more effective than in a single long session. ​Meilleure mémoire des items appris de manière distribuée que de manière massée. En d'autres mots, apprendre un matériel sur plusieurs courtes sessions est plus efficace que sur une seule longue session. distributed practice effect effet de pratique distribuée Frank Arnould Scoboria, A., Nespoli, K., & Boucher, C. (2019). An anti-reminiscence bump for childhood memory: Revisiting the dating of nonbelieved memories. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice, 6(2), 123–137. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000179 2019-03-19 2023-03-18 Les souvenirs vivaces dont on finit par ne plus y croire en leur réalité sont surtout des souvenirs de la petite et moyenne enfance. The vivid memories that we finally no longer believe in are mostly early and middle childhood memories. anti-reminiscence bump ​ pic d'antiréminiscence Frank Arnould Kensinger, E. A., Garoff-Eaton, R. J., & Schacter, D. L. (2006). Memory for specific visual details can be enhanced by negative arousing content. Journal of Memory and Language, 54(1), 99–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2005.05.005 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 effet de négativité negative memory bias negativity effect A tendency to pay more attention to negative events and to remember them more preferentially, especially among young adults. Tendance, observée surtout chez les jeunes adultes, à porter plus d'attention aux évènements négatifs et à s'en souvenir préférentiellement. biais de négativité negativity bias Frank Arnould Howard, M. W., & Kahana, M. J. (1999). Contextual variability and serial position effects in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25(4), 923–941. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.25.4.923 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Quand un item a été rappelé, les items proches de sa position sérielle dans la liste ont plus de chance d'être rappelés que les items distants. When an item is recalled, items that are close to its serial position are more likely to be recalled than remote items. effet de récence d'intervalle lag-recency effect Frank Arnould Daselaar, S. M., Prince, S. E., Dennis, N. A., Hayes, S. M., Kim, H., & Cabeza, R. (2009). Posterior midline and ventral parietal activity is associated with retrieval success and encoding failure. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.09.013.2009 2020-05-28 2021-07-05 En mémoire épisodique, désactivation de régions cérébrales spécifiques (région médiane postérieure, cortex pariétal ventral) pendant l’encodage réussi d’items, et activation de ces régions pendant la récupération réussie d’items. In episodic memory, deactivation of brain regions (posterior midline region, ventral parietal cortex) during successful encoding, and activation of these regions during successful retrieval. encoding/retrieval flip retournement encodage/récupération Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Abel, M., & Bäuml, K.-H. T. (2020). Social interactions can simultaneously enhance and distort memories: Evidence from a collaborative recognition task. Cognition, 200, 104254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104254 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Ekeocha, J. O. (2021). Is exposure to the memories of others a necessary precondition for collaborative inhibition? Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 17(3), 221–229. https://doi.org/10.5709/acp-0331-z [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Hood, A. V. B., Whillock, S. R., Meade, M. L., & Hutchison, K. A. (2023). Does collaboration help or hurt recall? The answer depends on working memory capacity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 49(3), 350–370. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001155 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Marion, S. B., & Thorley, C. (2016). A meta-analytic review of collaborative inhibition and postcollaborative memory: Testing the predictions of the retrieval strategy disruption hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 142(11), 1141–1164. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000071 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Rajaram, S., & Pereira-Pasarin, L. P. (2010). Collaborative memory: Cognitive research and theory. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(6), 649–663. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691610388763 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Rajaram, S. (2011). Collaboration both hurts and helps memory: A cognitive perspective. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(2), 76–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411403251 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Rajaram, S., & Maswood, R. (2017). Collaborative memory: A selective review of data and theory. In J. H. Byrne (Ed.), Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference (pp. 53–70). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21050-X [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Weldon, M. S., & Bellinger, K. D. (1997). Collective memory: Collaborative and individual processes in remembering. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 23(5), 1160–1175. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.23.5.1160 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Wright, D. B., & Klumpp, A. (2004). Collaborative inhibition is due to the product, not the process, of recalling in groups. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 11(6), 1080–1083. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196740 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-06-29 L'inhibition collaborative fait référence au phénomène selon lequel le rappel collaboratif de personnes se souvenant ensemble contient généralement moins d'éléments que le rappel combiné (et non redondant) de personnes se souvenant séparément (rappel nominal). « Collaborative inhibition refers to the phenomenon that when several people work together to produce a single memory report, they typically produce fewer items than when the unique items in the individual reports of the same number of participants are combined (i.e., nominal recall). » (Wessel et al., 2015, p. 437). inhibitions collaboratives collaborative inhibition inhibition collaborative Frank Arnould Osth, A. F., Fox, J., McKague, M., Heathcote, A., & Dennis, S. (2018). The list strength effect in source memory: Data and a global matching model. Journal of Memory and Language, 103, 91–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2018.08.002 Ratcliff, R., Clark, S. E., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1990). List-strength effect: I. Data and discussion. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(2), 163–178. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.16.2.163 Shiffrin, R. M., Ratcliff, R., & Clark, S. E. (1990). List-strength effect: II. Theoretical mechanisms. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(2), 179–195. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.16.2.179 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 "Le renforcement de certains items (mais pas de tous), soit en les étudiant plus longtemps, soit en les répétant, réduit la mémoire pour les autres items d'une liste". (Ratcliff et al., 1990, p. 163). "strengthening certain items (but not all), either by studying them longer or repeating them, reduces memory for the remaining items on a list." (Ratcliff et al., 1990, p. 163). effet de la force intra-liste list-strength effect Islam, Md. (2020): Valence and the reminiscence bump for private and public memories_dataset. Monash University. Dataset. doi:10.26180/13095281.v3 Jakubowski, K. et al. (2020). A cross-sectional study of reminiscence bumps for music-related memories in adulthood [Data set]. SAGE Journals. doi:10.25384/SAGE.13139106 Liao, H.-W. (2020, June 8). Reminiscence bump predicts life satisfaction. https://osf.io/69kzn/ Frank Arnould Janssen, S. M. J. (2019). Introduction to the cognitive abilities account for the reminiscence bump in the temporal distribution of autobiographical memory. Psychological Reports, 003329411984322. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294119843221 Koppel, J., & Berntsen, D. (2015). The peaks of life: The differential temporal locations of the reminiscence bump across disparate cueing methods. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 4(1), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2014.11.004 Koppel, J., & Rubin, D. C. (2016). Recent advances in understanding the reminiscence bump: The importance of cues in guiding recall from autobiographical memory. Current directions in psychological science, 25(2), 135–140. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721416631955 Munawar, K., Kuhn, S. K., & Haque, S. (2018). Understanding the reminiscence bump: A systematic review. PLOS ONE, 13(12), e0208595. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208595 Rubin, D. C., Wetzler, S. E., & Nebes, R. D. (1986). Autobiographical memory across the adult lifespan. In D. C. Rubin (Ed.), Autobiographical memory (pp. 202-221). Cambridge University Press. Wolf, T., & Zimprich, D. (2020). What characterizes the reminiscence bump in autobiographical memory? New answers to an old question. Memory & Cognition, 48(4), 607–622. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00994-6 2017-12-04 2023-07-26 autobiographical memory bump bosse de réminiscence effet du pic de réminiscence pic de la mémoire autobiographique reminiscence bump effect Augmentation du nombre de souvenirs autobiographiques pour les évènements vécus entre l'âge de 10 et 30 ans, observée généralement chez les personnes âgées de plus de 40 ans. Increased number of autobiographical memories of events experienced between the ages of 10 and 30 years, usually observed in people over the age of 40. Le pic de réminiscence a été observé pour d’autres types de souvenirs que les souvenirs autobiographiques, par exemple, dans la mémoire d’évènements publics, de films, de livres ou de musique. The reminiscence bump has also been observed when remembering public events, films, books and music. pic de réminiscence reminiscence bump Frank Arnould Mukudi, P. B. L., & Hills, P. J. (2019). The combined influence of the own-age, -gender, and -ethnicity biases on face recognition. Acta Psychologica, 194, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2019.01.009 ​ 2019-05-10 2023-03-21 Face recognition is better when people belong to the same group (ethnicity, gender, age, species). La reconnaissance de visages est meilleure quand ceux-ci appartiennent au même groupe que ceux des sujets (ethnicité, sexe, âge, espèce). biais lié au groupe d'appartenance own-group bias McNeely-White, K., & Cleary, A. (2019). Music recognition without identification and its relation to déjà entendu : A study using “Piano Puzzlers” [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/4x9bd/ McNeely-White, K. L., & Cleary, A. M. (2019). Music recognition without identification and its relation to déjà entendu : A study using “Piano Puzzlers”. New Ideas in Psychology, 55, 50‑57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newideapsych.2019.04.002 2021-09-16 2023-09-04 déjà entendu experience déjà entendu sensation expérience de déjà entendu sensation de déjà entendu A phenomenon that occurs when a person has the impression that a new and unfamiliar sound (such as a piece of music) is familiar and has been heard before. Phénomène apparaissant quand une personne a l'impression qu'un nouveau son (par exemple, un morceau de musique) est familier. déjà entendu experiences déjà entendu sensations expériences de déjà entendu sensations de déjà entendu déjà entendu déjà entendu Frank Arnould Bonin, P., Thiebaut, G., Prokop, P., & Méot, A. (2019). “In your head, zombie” : Zombies, predation and memory. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 31(7), 635–650. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2019.1664557 Soderstrom, N. C., & McCabe, D. P. (2011). Are survival processing memory advantages based on ancestral priorities? Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 18(3), 564–569. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-011-0060-6 2019-11-28 2023-03-23 Better memory for words when they are processed in a fictional context where zombies are a threat to survival. Meilleure mémoire des mots lorsqu'ils sont traités en relation avec un contexte fictif où des zombies représentent une menace pour la survie. effet zombie zombie effect Favre-Félix, A., & Moulin, C. (2020, April 8). Relationship between the “jamais vu” sensation and semantic satiation. https://osf.io/5mpf4/ Frank Arnould Balota, D. A., & Black, S. (1997). Semantic satiation in healthy young and older adults. Memory & Cognition, 25(2), 190–202. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03201112 Esposito, N. J., & Pelton, L. H. (1971). Review of the measurement of semantic satiation. Psychological Bulletin, 75(5), 330–346. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031001 Jakobovits, L. A., & Lambert, W. E. (1962). Mediated satiation in verbal transfer. Journal of experimental psychology, 64(4), 346. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0044630 Lewis, M. B., & Ellis, H. D. (2000). Satiation in name and face recognition. Memory & Cognition, 28(5), 783–788. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198413 Moulin, C. J. A., Bell, N., Turunen, M., Baharin, A., & O’Connor, A. R. (2021). The the the the induction of jamais vu in the laboratory: Word alienation and semantic satiation. Memory, 29(7), 933-942. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1727519 Severance, E., & Washburn, M. F. (1907). The loss of associative power in words after long fixation. The American Journal of Psychology, 18(2), 182–186. Smith, L. C. (1984). Semantic satiation affects category membership decision time but not lexical priming. Memory & Cognition, 12(5), 483–488. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198310 2017-12-06 2023-03-15 Chris Moulin satiation sémantique satiation verbale saturation sémantique Feeling of losing the meaning of a stimulus (e.g. a word or a face) when it is repeated quickly and many times or after a long period of visual fixation. Sensation de perdre la signification d'un stimulus (par exemple, un mot ou un visage) quand celui-ci est répété rapidement et à plusieurs reprises ou après une longue période de fixation visuelle. satiété sémantique semantic satiation Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Zeelenberg, R., Dijkstra, K., & Paolacci, G. (2017, July 26). Does Repeated Participation Affect Effect Size? An Analysis of 9 Cognitive Psychological Experiments. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/GHV6M Frank Arnould Deese, J., & Kaufman, R. A. (1957). Serial effects in recall of unorganized and sequentially organized verbal material. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 54(3), 180–187. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040536 Glanzer, M., & Cunitz, A. R. (1966). Two storage mechanisms in free recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 5(4), 351‑360. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(66)80044-0 Healy, A. F., Havas, D. A., & Parker, J. T. (2000). Comparing serial position effects in semantic and episodic memory using reconstruction of order tasks. Journal of Memory and Language, 42(2), 147‑167. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1999.2671 Jahnke, J. C. (1963). Serial position effects in immediate serial recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 2(3), 284–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(63)80095-X Murdock, B. B. Jr. (1962). The serial position effect of free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 64(5), 482–488. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045106 Nipher, F. E. (1878). On the distribution of errors in numbers written from memory. Transactions of the Academy of Science of St. Louis, 3, CCX–CCXI. Reproduced in Stigler, S. M. (1978). Some forgotten work on memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 4(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.4.1.1 Robinson, E. S., & Brown, M. A. (1926). Effect of serial position upon memorization. The American Journal of Psychology, 37(4), 538‑552. https://doi.org/10.2307/1414914 Sehulster, J. R. (1989). Content and temporal structure of autobiographical knowledge : Remembering twenty-five seasons at the Metropolitan Opera. Memory & Cognition, 17(5), 590‑606. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197082 2017-12-04 Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] 2023-03-22 Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y Terme utilisé pour désigner les différents taux de rappel en fonction de la position des éléments dans la liste étudiée (effet de primauté et effet de récence). The term is used to refer to the different rates of recall as a function of the position of the items in the list being studied (the primacy effect and the recency effect). Des effets de position sérielle sont également observés en mémoire à long terme (Healy et al., 2000 ; Sehulster, 1989). Serial position effects are also observed in long-term memory (Healy et al., 2000; Sehulster, 1989). effets de position sérielle serial position effects effet de position sérielle serial position effect Frank Arnould Oulton, J. M., Takarangi, M. K. T., & Strange, D. (2016). Memory amplification for trauma : Investigating the role of analogue PTSD symptoms in the laboratory. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 42, 60–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.06.001 van Giezen, A. E., Arensman, E., Spinhoven, P., & Wolters, G. (2005). Consistency of memory for emotionally arousing events: A review of prospective and experimental studies. Clinical Psychology Review, 25(7), 935–953. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2005.04.011 2017-12-06 2023-03-15 Tendance chez certaines personnes à évaluer une expérience comme étant plus traumatique après un délai qu'immédiatement après. The tendency for some people to evaluate an experience as more traumatic after a delay than immediately after. effet d'amplification mnésique memory amplification effect Frank Arnould Hubbard, T. L., & Motes, M. A. (2005). An effect of context on whether memory for initial position exhibits a Fröhlich effect or an onset repulsion effect. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 58(6), 961‑979. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980443000368 Thornton, I. (2002). The onset repulsion effect. Spatial Vision, 15(2), 219–243. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685680252875183 2017-12-04 2021-07-15 Erreur dans la mémoire de la position initiale d'un stimulus qui se déplace, qui est jugée plus en arrière dans le sens opposé de la direction de ce stimulus. Error in the memory of the initial position of a moving stimulus, which is estimated to be more backward in the opposite direction of this stimulus. effet de répulsion de la position initiale onset repulsion effect Rowell, S. F., & Jaswal, V. (2020, August 8). Self-Enhancement Memory Bias in Middle Childhood. https://osf.io/p76mz Frank Arnould Rowell, S. F., & Jaswal, V. K. (2021). I remember being nice: Self-enhancement memory bias in middle childhood. Memory, 29(2), 261-269. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1877307 2021-07-06 2023-09-04 bias mnésique d’autovalorisation effet d’autovalorisation self-enhancement effect self-enhancement memory bias Better memory for positive actions than for negative actions. Meilleure mémoire pour les actions positives que pour les actions négatives. biais d’auto-valorisation biais mnésique d’auto-valorisation biais d’autovalorisation self-enhancement bias Frank Arnould Baddeley, A., Eysenck, M. W., & Anderson, M. C. (2020). Memory (3rd ed.). Psychology Press. Schnyer, D. M., & Dobbins, I. (in press). Priming. In M. J. Kahana & A. D. Wagner (Eds.), Oxford handbook of human memory. 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 amorçage priming An effect that shows the influence of processing a stimulus on the performance in a subsequent task. Effet montrant l’influence du traitement d’un stimulus sur la performance dans une tâche subséquente. effets d'amorçage priming effects effet d'amorçage priming effect Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Ballard, P. B. (1913). Obliviscence and reminiscence. British Journal of Psychology Monograph Supplements, 1(2), 1–82. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Fisher, R. P., Brewer, N., & Mitchell, G. (2009). The relation between consistency and accuracy of eyewitness testimony: Legal versus cognitive explanations. In R. Bull, T. Valentine, & T. Williamson (Eds.), Handbook of psychology of investigative interviewing: Current developments and future directions (pp. 121–136). Wiley-Blackwell. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 On parle de réminiscence lorsque le sujet se souvient de nouveaux éléments dont il ne s'était pas souvenu lors de tests précédents de sa mémoire. Reminiscence occurs when the subject remembers new elements that he or she did not remember in previous memory tests. reminiscence réminiscence Bücken, C. A., & Otgaar, H. (2020, June 23). lying and DRM type false memories (DRM Videos). https://osf.io/4s37n/ Calado, B., Otgaar, H., & Muris, P. (2018, September 27). Are Children Better Witnesses than Adolescents? Developmental Trends in Different False Memory Paradigms. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/6EMH2 Calvillo, D. P. (2019, February 8). Fluency and the DRM effect. https://osf.io/jp2dm/ Crozier, W. E., & Strange, D. (2018, May 22). Associations with Guilty using the DRM Paradigm. https://osf.io/b7wux/ Dechterenko, F., Lukavsky, J., & Štipl, J. (2020, September 25). False memories for scenes using DRM paradigm. https://osf.io/sqjbn/ Dewhurst, S. (2009, janvier 27). Identifying the origin of false memories : A comparison of DRM and categorised lists. [Data Collection]. Economic and Social Research Council. doi:10.5255/UKDA-SN-850078 Friehs, M. A. (2021, May 6). DRM tDCS. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/X5QAS Geiger, S. J., Haaf, J. M., Rieble, C., Haas, H., Rameckers, S., Gavan, L., & Aust, F. (2019, November 29). A Bayesian Meta-Analysis on Developmental Effects in the DRM Paradigm. https://osf.io/62nfg/ Houben, S. T. L., Otgaar, H., Roelofs, J., Smeets, T., & Merckelbach, H. (2020). Increases of correct memories and spontaneous false memories due to eye movements when memories are retrieved after a time delay [Data set]. DataverseNL. doi:10.34894/FPWRLZ Houben, S., & Otgaar, H. (2019, October 8). False memory effects of EMDR. https://osf.io/gx7te/ Huff, M. J., & Maxwell, N. P. (2021, July 19). Drawing Individual Images Benefits Recognition Accuracy in the DRM Paradigm. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/R4YH9 Klemfuss, J. Z., & Olaguez, A. P. (2020). Individual differences in children’s suggestibility: An updated review. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 29(2), 158–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2018.1508108 Kloft, L., & Henry. (2019). Hazy memories : Cannabis increases susceptibility to false memory. OSF. https://osf.io/k5v8c/ Otgaar, H., Bücken, C. A., Houtstra, L., & Mangiulli, I. (2020, February 3). Denial-Induced Forgetting, Inhibition, and False Memory. https://osf.io/kp2j4/ Pansuwan, T., Swanson, L., & Morcom, A. (2019, March 15). Associative and Perceptual False Memory in Ageing. https://osf.io/45w3t/ Riesthuis, P., Otgaar, H., & Mangiulli, I. (2021, April 28). The Impact of Forced Confabulation on Spontaneous False Memory Formation. https://osf.io/y587d/ Robin, F., Menetrier, E., & Beffara Bret, B. (2021, June 11). Effect of visual imagery on false memories in DRM and Misinformation paradigms. https://osf.io/zsh3b/ Schopen, K., Otgaar, H., & Howe, M. L. (2021, January 19). The Effects of Warning on Children’s and Adults’ False Memory Creation. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/WBCZQ Self referencing and false memory exp 2b. (2020). OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/5JG6B Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Zeelenberg, R., Dijkstra, K., & Paolacci, G. (2017, July 26). Does Repeated Participation Affect Effect Size? An Analysis of 9 Cognitive Psychological Experiments. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/GHV6M van Rijn, E., Cox, E., Carter, N., McMurtrie, H., Willner, P., & Blagrove, M. T. (2015). Sleep Does Not Cause False Memories on the Deese-Roediger-McDermott Paradigm nor on a Story-Based Test of Suggestibility [Data set]. Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.23012 Frank Arnould 2021-01-28 Abichou, K., La Corte, V., Nicolas, S., & Piolino, P. (2020). Les faux souvenirs dans le vieillissement normal: Données empiriques du paradigme DRM et perspectives théoriques. Geriatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement, 18, 65–75. https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2020.0842 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Brainerd, C. J. (2013). Developmental reversals in false memory: A new look at the reliability of children’s evidence. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(5), 335–341. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721413484468 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Brainerd, C. J., Reyna, V. F., & Holliday, R. E. (2018). Developmental reversals in false memory: Development is complementary, not compensatory. Developmental Psychology, 54(9), 1773–1784. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000554 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Chang, M., & Brainerd, C. J. (2021). Semantic and phonological false memory: A review of theory and data. Journal of Memory and Language, 119, 104210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104210 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Coane, J. H., McBride, D. M., Huff, M. J., Chang, K., Marsh, E. M., & Smith, K. A. (2021). Manipulations of list type in the DRM paradigm : A review of how structural and conceptual similarity affect false memory. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.668550 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Coburn, P. I., Dogra, K. K., Rai, I. K., & Bernstein, D. M. (2021). The trajectory of targets and critical lures in the Deese/Roediger–Mcdermott paradigm: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.718818 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Deese, J. (1959). On the prediction of occurence of particular verbal intrusions in immediate recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58(1), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046671 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Gallo, D. A. (2006). Associative illusions of memory: false memory research in DRM and related tasks. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Huff, M. J., Bodner, G. E., & Fawcett, J. M. (2015). Effects of distinctive encoding on correct and false memory:A meta-analytic review of costs and benefits and their origins in the DRM paradigm. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 22(2), 349‑365. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-014-0648-8 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] Israel, L., & Schacter, D. L. (1997). Pictorial encoding reduces false recognition of semantic associates. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 4(4), 577–581. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03214352 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Jou, J., & Flores, S. (2013). How are false memories distinguishable from true memories in the Deese–Roediger–McDermott paradigm? A review of the findings. Psychological Research, 77(6), 671–686. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-012-0472-6 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Langevin, S., Sauzéon, H., Taconnat, L., & N’Kaoua, B. (2009). Les fausses reconnaissances induites par les paradigmes DRM, MI et tâches dérivées. L’Année Psychologique, 109(4), 699‑729. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503309004059 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] McCabe, D. P., Presmanes, A. G., Robertson, C. L., & Smith, A. D. (2004). Item-specific processing reduces false memories. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 11(6), 1074–1079. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196739 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Newbury, C. R., & Monaghan, P. (2019). When does sleep affect veridical and false memory consolidation? A meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(2), 387–400. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1528-4 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] Pansuwan, T., Breuer, F., Gazder, T., Lau, Z., Cueva, S., Swanson, L., Taylor, M., Wilson, M., & Morcom, A. M. (2020). Evidence for adult age-invariance in associative false recognition. Memory, 28(2), 172–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1705351 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Pardilla-Delgado, E., & Payne, J. D. (2017). The Deese-Roediger-Mcdermott (DRM) task : A simple cognitive paradigm to investigate false memories in the laboratory. JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments), 119, e54793. https://doi.org/10.3791/54793 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Robin, F., Ménétrier, E., & Beffara Bret, B. (2022). Effects of visual imagery on false memories in DRM and misinformation paradigms. Memory, 30(6), 725–732. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1895221 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Robinson, K. J., & Roediger III, H. L. (1997). Associative processes in false recall and false recognition. Psychological Science, 8(3), 231–237. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00417.x [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Roediger, H. L., & McDermott, K. B. (1995). Creating false memories: Remembering words not presented in lists. 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Journal of Memory and Language, 40(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1998.2611 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Smith, R. E., & Hunt, R. R. (1998). Presentation modality affects false memory. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 5(4), 710–715. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03208850 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Suarez, M., & Beato, M. S. (2021). The role of language proficiency in false memory: A mini review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.659434 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] 2023-07-25 Psychologie Psychology Age: The effect is less present in young children than in older children and adults (Brainerd, 2013; Brainerd et al., 2018). Aging is associated with greater susceptibility to the effect, especially in recall(Abichou et al., 2020; Gallo, 2006; Pansuwan et al., 2020). Associative strength: backward associative strength of list words with the critical lure intensifies the effect compared to forward associative strength (Roediger, Balota & Watson, 2001). Concreteness: more false recognition for abstract than for concrete words (Hirshman & Arndt, 1997). Concrétude : les fausses reconnaissances sont plus nombreuses pour les mots abstraits que pour les mots concrets (Hirshman & Arndt, 1997). Emotion: false memories in the DRM paradigm with semantic lists are more frequent when the critical lures are emotionally negative, compared to emotionally neutral lures. The opposite is observed with phonological lists (Chang & Brainerd, 2021). Encodage : l’effet est plus intense quand des participants reçoivent pour consigne d’étudier les mots d’une liste DRM en les mettant en relation, comparativement à une consigne où des participants doivent se concentrer sur les spécificités de chacun des mots (McCabe et al., 2004). Encoding: The effect is stronger when participants are instructed to study the words in a DRM list by relating them, compared to an instruction where participants are asked to focus on the specificity of each word (item-specific processing) (McCabe et al., 2004). Force associative : la force associative ascendante des mots de la liste avec le leurre critique intensifie l’effet comparativement à la force associative descendante (Roediger, Balota & Watson, 2001). Format du stimulus : l’utilisation d’images réduit les fausses reconnaissances dans une tâche DRM comparativement à l’utilisation de mots (Israel & Schacter, 1997 ; Schacter et al., 1999). Fréquence des mots : les fausses reconnaissances sont plus nombreuses pour les mots très fréquents que pour les mots peu fréquents (Hishman & Arndt, 1997). Imagerie visuelle : former des images mentales des items à mémoriser réduit l’effet (Chang & Brainerd, 2021 ; Robin et al., 2021). Level of processing: deep processing of semantic list items promotes the DRM effect compared to shallow processing. The opposite is observed with phonological lists (Chang & Brainerd, 2001). List presentation: consecutive (blocked) presentation of DRM lists intensifies the effect compared to a presentation where words from different lists are mixed (Gallo, 2006). Longueur du mot : effet est réduit avec des leurres critiques longs (Roediger et al., 2001) Modalité du stimulus : la présentation visuelle des mots réduit l’effet comparativement à la présentation auditive en mémoire à long terme avec des listes sémantiques (Chang & Brainerd, 2021 ; Smith & Hunt, 1998). Niveau de traitement : le traitement profond des items de listes sémantiques favorise l’effet DRM comparé à un traitement superficiel. Le contraire est observé avec les listes phonologiques (Chang & Brainerd, 2001). Nombre d’associés : l’effet augmente à mesure que le nombre d’items associés au leurre critique s’accroît dans une liste DRM (Robinson & Roediger, 1997). Number of associates: the effect increases as the number of items associated with the critical lure increases in a DRM list (Robinson & Roediger, 1997). Presentation rate: among fast rates, slowing the presentation time increases false recall of semantic lists; beyond that, when rates are further slowed, false recall tends to decrease. For phonological lists, the number of false recalls is very high for the fastest presentation rate and then decreases monotonically as the presentation rate is lengthened (McDermott & Watson, 2001). Présentation des listes : la présentation consécutive (bloquée) des listes DRM intensifie l’effet comparativement à une présentation où les mots des différentes listes sont mélangés (Gallo, 2006). Stimulus format: the use of pictures reduces false recognition in a DRM task compared to words (Israel & Schacter, 1997; Schacter et al., 1999). Stimulus modality: visual presentation of words reduces the effect compared to auditory presentation in long-term memory with semantic lists (Chang & Brainerd, 2021; Smith & Hunt, 1998). Taux de présentation : parmi les taux rapides, ralentir la durée de présentation augmente les faux rappels de listes sémantiques ; au-delà, quand les taux sont encore ralentis, les faux rappels ont tendance à diminuer. Pour les listes phonologiques, le nombre de faux rappels est très élevé pour le taux de présentation le plus rapide puis diminue de manière monotone au fur et à mesure que le taux de présentation est allongé (McDermott & Watson, 2001). Visual imagery: forming mental images of items to be remembered reduces the effect (Chang & Brainerd, 2021; Robin et al., 2021). Word frequency: More false recognition for high-frequency words than for low-frequency words (Hishman & Arndt, 1997). Word length: effect is reduced with longer critical lures (Roediger et al., 2001). Âge : L’effet est moins présent chez les jeunes enfants que chez les enfants plus âgés et les adultes (Brainerd, 2013 ; Brainerd et al., 2018). Le vieillissement s’accompagne d’une plus grande susceptibilité à l’effet, surtout en rappel. (Abichou et al., 2020 ; Gallo, 2006 ; Pansuwan et al., 2020). Émotion : les faux souvenirs DRM avec des listes sémantiques sont plus nombreux quand les leurres critiques sont émotionnellement négatifs, comparativement à des leurres émotionnellement neutres. Le contraire est observé avec les listes phonologiques (Chang & Brainerd, 2021). Homme Human DRM effect DRM error DRM false memory effect DRM false memory illusion DRM illusion Deese-Roediger-McDermott false memory Deese-Roediger-McDermott illusion Deese-Roediger-McDermott memory illusion faux souvenir DRM illusion DRM illusion de Deese-Roediger-McDermott illusion mnésique de Deese-Roediger-McDermott prototype-familiarity illusion Faux souvenir spontané associatif observé en particulier dans le paradigme DRM : les personnes se souviennent à tort de mots qu’ils n’ont pas étudiés parce que ces mots sont sémantiquement ou phonologiquement associés aux mots étudiés. Spontaneous associative false memory observed in the DRM paradigm: people incorrectly remember words that they have not studied because these words are semantically or phonologically associated with the studied words. DRM errors DRM false memories DRM false memory DRM illusions DRM memory illusions Deese-Roediger-McDermott false memories Deese-Roediger-McDermott illusions Deese-Roediger-McDermott memory illusions faux souvenirs DRM illusions DRM illusions de Deese-Roediger-McDermott illusions mnésiques DRM prototype-familiarity illusions DRM memory illusion illusion mnésique DRM Frank Arnould Brainerd, C. J., Reyna, V. F., Harnishfeger, K. K., & Howe, M. L. (1993). Is retrievability grouping good for recall? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 122(2), 249-268. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.122.2.249 2017-12-04 2023-03-20 cognitive triage triage cognitif Effet montrant que, dans une tâche de rappel libre, les items dont la récupération est difficile sont placés au début et à la fin du rappel, et les items dont la récupération est facile sont placés au milieu du rappel. In a free recall task, items whose retrieval is difficult are placed at the beginning and at the end of the recall, and items whose retrieval is easier are placed in the middle of the recall. cognitive triage effect effet de triage cognitif Frank Arnould Briggs, G. E. (1954). Acquisition, extinction, and recovery functions in retroactive inhibition. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 47(5), 285-293. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0060251 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 En psychologie de la mémoire, réapparition après un délai de souvenirs ayant subi l'effet d'une interférence rétroactive.  In the psychology of memory, the reappearance, after a certain period of time, of memories that have been subjected to the effect of retroactive interference. récupération spontanée (mémoire) spontaneous recovery (memory) Frank Arnould Wixted, J.T. (2004). The psychology and neuroscience of forgetting. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 235-269. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141555 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 L'effet d'interférence rétroactive est plus important quand l'activité interférente suit immédiatement l'apprentissage. The retroactive interference effect is larger when the interfering activity immediately follows learning. gradient temporel de l'interférence rétroactive temporal gradient of retroactive interference Zhong, N. (2022, January 18). Association of idiosyncratic eye-movement patterns with holistic processing of faces as measured by the composite face effect and the face inversion effect. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/R9AWJ Frank Arnould Murphy, J., Gray, K. L. H., & Cook, R. (2017). The composite face illusion. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24(2), 245-261. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1131-5 Young, A. W., Hellawell, D., & Hay, D. C. (1987). Configurational information in face perception. Perception, 16(6), 747-759. https://doi.org/10.1068/p160747 2017-12-04 2022-04-25 Difficulty in recognizing the top half of a face aligned with the bottom half of another face. Difficulté à reconnaître la moitié supérieure d'un visage quand celle-ci est alignée avec la moitié inférieure d'un autre visage. composite face effect effet du visage composite Frank Arnould Bahrick, H. P. (1984). Semantic memory content in permastore: Fifty years of memory for Spanish learned in school. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 113(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.113.1.1 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Terme utilisé par Bahrik (1984) pour désigner les connaissances qui résistent à l'oubli sur de très longues périodes de temps. The term used by Bahrik (1984) for knowledge that resists forgetting over long periods of time. Bahrik (1984) s’est intéressé à la mémoire de la langue espagnole apprise pendant les années de lycée et à l’Université. Les résultats indiquent que la courbe d’oubli peut être décomposée en trois parties : la première montre un oubli rapide des connaissances dans les 6 ans après l’apprentissage ; la deuxième partie de la courbe indique des connaissances qui résistent à l’oubli durant une période de 25 à plus de 50 ans (effet permastore qui persiste même si les sujets n’ont pas eu l’occasion de pratiquer la langue espagnole) ; la troisième suggère un nouveau déclin de la mémoire (cette dernière phase pourrait en fait résulter des difficultés de mémoire des personnes interrogées dont l’âge est alors élevé). L’effet permastore a été étudié pour des connaissances scolaires (langue étrangère, mathématiques, par exemple) ou pour des connaissances acquises de façon incidente et informelle dans la vie quotidienne (par exemple, le nom des rues du quartier d’habitation de l’enfance). Le terme a été créé par analogie avec le terme permafrost, terme désignant les sous-sols qui sont gelés en permanence dans certaines régions du globe terrestre. Bahrik (1984) was interested in the memory of the Spanish language learned during the high school and university years. The results indicate that the forgetting curve can be decomposed into three parts: the first shows a rapid forgetting of knowledge within 6 years after learning; the second part of the curve indicates knowledge that resists forgetting for a period of 25 to more than 50 years (permastore effect that persists even if the subjects have not had the opportunity to practice the Spanish language); the third suggests a further decline in memory (this last phase could in fact be the result of the memory difficulties of the respondents who are now older). The permastore effect has been studied for academic knowledge (e.g. foreign language, mathematics) or for knowledge acquired incidentally and informally in everyday life (e.g. the names of the streets in the childhood neighborhood). The term was coined by analogy with the term permafrost, a term for the ground that is permanently frozen in certain regions of the globe. effet permastore permastore effect Barasch, A., Diehl, K., Silverman, J., & Zauberman, G. (2017, June 1). Photographic Memory: The Effects of Volitional Photo-Taking on Memory for Visual and Auditory Aspects of an Experience. https://osf.io/hrzgs/ Lurie, R. (2020, April 15). Photo-taking Impairs Memory on Perceptual and Conceptual Memory Tests. https://osf.io/pq23c/ Frank Arnould Barasch, A., Diehl, K., Silverman, J., & Zauberman, G. (2017). Photographic memory: The effects of volitional photo taking on memory for visual and auditory aspects of an experience. Psychological Science, 28(8), 1056–1066. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797617694868 Henkel, L. A. (2014). Point-and-shoot memories: The influence of taking photos on memory for a museum tour. Psychological Science, 25(2), 396–402. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797613504438 Lurie, R., & Westerman, D. L. (2021). Photo-taking impairs memory on perceptual and conceptual memory tests. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 10(2), 289‑297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2020.11.002 Niforatos, E., Cinel, C., Mack, C. C., Langheinrich, M., & Ward, G. (2017). Can less be more? Contrasting limited, unlimited, and automatic picture capture for augmenting memory recall. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies, 1(2), 1‑22. https://doi.org/10.1145/3090086 Soares, J. S., & Storm, B. C. (2018). Forget in a flash: A further investigation of the photo-taking-impairment effect. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 7(1), 154–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2017.10.004 2021-08-12 2023-09-04 Attentional factor: effect eliminated when people zoom in with their cameras on a particular detail (Henkel, 2014). Attentional factor: effect eliminated when subjects carry wearable cameras (Niforatos et al., 2017). Attentional factor: photo-taking improves memory when what is photographed is accompanied by an audio commentary (Barasch et al., 2017). Facteur attentionnel : disparition de l'effet quand les personnes zooment avec leur appareil photo sur un détail particulier (Henkel, 2014). Facteur attentionnel : effet éliminé lorsque les sujets portent des caméras portatives automatiques (Niforatos et al., 2017). Facteur attentionnel : la prise de photo améliore la mémoire quand ce qui est photographié est accompagné d'un commentaire audio (Barasch et al., 2017). Dans certaines circonstances, le fait de prendre une photo détériore la mémoire de ce qui a été photographié. Under certain circumstances, taking a photograph may impair the memory of what was photographed. effet perturbateur de la prise de photos photo-taking impairment effect Frank Arnould Cohen, G. (1990). Why is it difficult to put names to faces? British Journal of Psychology, 81(3), 287-297. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1990.tb02362.x McWeeny, K. H. Y., Andrew W. Hay. Dennis C. Ellis. Andrew W. (1987). Putting names to faces. British Journal of Psychology, 78(2), 143–149. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1987.tb02235.x 2017-12-04 2023-03-19 Baker/baker effect effet Boulanger/boulanger Les personnes se souviennent mieux de mots associés à des visages lorsque ces mots désignent un métier (boulanger) plutôt qu'un nom propre (Mr Boulanger). Autrement dit, il est plus facile de se souvenir qu’une personne exerce le métier de boulanger que de se souvenir que le nom d’une personne est Boulanger. People remember more words associated with faces when these words refer to an occupation (baker) rather than to a proper name (Mr Baker). In other words, it is easier to remember that a person is a baker than to remember that a person’s name is Baker. Baker/baker paradox paradoxe Boulanger/boulanger Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Butler, B. J., & Loftus, E. F. (2018). Discrepancy detection in the retrieval-enhanced suggestibility paradigm. Memory, 26(4), 483–492. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1371193 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Chan, J. C., Thomas, A. K., & Bulevich, J. B. (2009). Recalling a witnessed event increases eyewitness suggestibility: The reversed testing effect. Psychological Science, 20(1), 66–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02245.x [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 effet inversé du testing reversed testing effet "refers to the finding that immediately recalling the details of a witnessed event can increase susceptibility to later misinformation." (Butler et Loftus, 2018, p. 483). « se rappeler immédiatement les détails d'un événement dont on a été témoin peut accroître la susceptibilité à une désinformation ultérieure. » (Butler et Loftus, 2018, p. 483). retrieval-enhanced suggestibility suggestibilité facilitée par la récupération Frank Arnould Lind, M., Visentini, M., Mäntylä, T., & Del Missier, F. (2017). Choice-supportive misremembering: A new taxonomy and review. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02062 Mather, M., Shafir, E., & Johnson, M. K. (2003). Remembering chosen and assigned options. Memory & Cognition, 31(3), 422–433. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03194400 2017-12-04 2023-07-25 choice-supportive misremembering Les sujets ont plus tendance à attribuer des caractéristiques positives à leurs choix antérieurs et à attribuer des caractéristiques négatives aux options non choisies. People are more likely to attribute positive characteristics to their previous choices and assign negative characteristics to non-selected options. choice-supportive memory mémoire soutenant le choix Heathcote, A. (2006) Examining the origins of the word frequency effect in episodic recognition memory and its relationship to the word frequency effect in lexical memory. University of Newcastle, Australia. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/807086 Joykutty, Z. (2022, January 18). Mirror Effect in Recognition-Induced Forgetting. https://osf.io/46jky/ Neath, I. (2022, January 20). Mirror Effect and Stimulus Sets. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/PJD6K Frank Arnould Glanzer, M., & Adams, J. K. (1985). The mirror effect in recognition memory. Memory & Cognition, 13(1), 8–20. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198438 Glanzer, M., & Adams, J. K. (1990). The mirror effect in recognition memory: data and theory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(1), 5-16. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.16.1.5 Neath, I., Hockley, W. E., & Ensor, T. M. (2021). Stimulus-based mirror effects revisited. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48(12), 1833–1849. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000901 2017-12-04 2023-03-20 word frequency mirror effect L'effet miroir désigne « une régularité de la mémoire de reconnaissance dans laquelle une variable a des effets opposés sur les taux de détections correctes et de fausses alarmes. Par exemple, les mots de basse fréquence ont un taux de détections correctes plus élevé et un taux de fausses alarmes plus faible que les mots de haute fréquence. » (Neath et al., 2021, p. 1833). The mirror effect refers to "a regularity of recognition memory in which a variable has opposite effects on the hit and false alarm rates. For example, low frequency words have a higher hit rate and a lower false alarm rate than high frequency words." (Neath et al., 2021, p. 1833). effet miroir mirror effect Frank Arnould Lundeberg, M. A., & Fox, P. W. (1991). Do laboratory findings on test expectancy generalize to classroom outcomes? Review of Educational Research, 61(1), 94–106. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543061001094 Meyer, G. (1934). An experimental study of the old and new types of examination: I. The effect of the examination set on memory. Journal of Educational Psychology, 25(9), 641–661. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0073102 2017-12-04 2021-08-11 A phenomenon discovered by Meyer (1934). Pupils expecting to be tested with an essay have better performance in this kind of test and in a multiple-choice test compared to pupils expecting to be tested with a multiple-choice test. However, this effect has only been observed in laboratory studies, not in classrooms (Lundeberg & Fox, 1991). Phénomène découvert par Meyer (1934). Les élèves qui s'attendent à ce que leurs connaissances soient testées par une épreuve de dissertation réussissent mieux à la fois dans une telle épreuve et dans un test à choix multiple que les élèves qui s'attendent à un test à choix multiple. Cependant, cet effet n'est observé que dans des études en laboratoire, mais pas dans des études réalisées en classe (Lundeberg & Fox, 1991). effet de l'attente du test test expectancy effect Frank Arnould Glanzer, M., & Bowles, N. (1976). Analysis of the word-frequency effect in recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Learning and Memory, 2(1), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.2.1.21 Gorman, A. M. (1961). Recognition memory for nouns as a function of abstractness and frequency. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61(1), 23–29. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040561 Gregg, V. H. (1976). Word frequency, recognition, and recall. In J. Brown (Ed.), Recall and recognition (pp. 183–216). Wiley. Kinsbourne, M., & George, J. (1974). The mechanism of the word-frequency effect on recognition memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 13(1), 63–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(74)80031-9 Malmberg, K. J., & Murnane, K. (2002). List composition and the word-frequency effect for recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(4), 616–630. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.28.4.616 Popov, V., & Reder, L. (n.d.). Frequency effects in recognition and recall. In M. J. Kahana & A. D. Wagner (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of memory. Oxford University Press. Retrieved July 27, 2022, from https://psyarxiv.com/xb8es/ 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 paradoxe de la fréquence des mots word-frequency paradox Effet montrant que les mots dont la fréquence est faible sont mieux reconnus que les mots dont la fréquence est élevée, alors que le rappel est meilleur pour les mots de fréquence élevée que pour les mots de fréquence faible. Low-frequency words are better recognized than high-frequency words, while high-frequency words are better recalled than low-frequency words. effet de fréquence des mots word-frequency effect Frank Arnould Desimone, R. (1996). Neural mechanisms for visual memory and their role in attention. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93(24), 13494-13499. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.24.13494 Grill-Spector, K., Henson, R., & Martin, A. (2006). Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus-specific effects. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10(1), 14–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2005.11.006 Lee, S.-M., Henson, R. N., & Lin, C.-Y. (2020). Neural correlates of repetition priming : A coordinate-based meta-analysis of fRMI studies. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.565114 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Baisse de l'activité nerveuse quand un stimulus est répété et observée dans les zones du cerveau associées au traitement de ce stimulus. Ce phénomène constituerait un indicateur de la mémorisation du stimulus. Decrease in neural activity when a stimulus is repeated and observed in brain areas associated with the processing of that stimulus. This phenomenon may be an indicator of stimulus storage. repetition suppression suppression par répétition Favre-Félix, A., & Moulin, C. (2020, April 8). Relationship between the “jamais vu” sensation and semantic satiation. https://osf.io/5mpf4/ Frank Arnould Moulin, C. (2018). The neuropsychology of déjà vu. Rouledge. Moulin, C. J. A., Bell, N., Turunen, M., Baharin, A., & O’Connor, A. R. (2021). The the the the induction of jamais vu in the laboratory: Word alienation and semantic satiation. Memory, 29(7), 933-942. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1727519 2021-07-15 2023-09-04 Chris Moulin expérience de jamais vu jamais vu experience jamais vu sensation sensation de jamais vu Sentiment subjectif qu’une expérience familière est inhabituelle. Subjective feeling of unfamiliarity of a familiar experience. expériences de jamais vu jamais vu experiences jamais vu sensations sensations de jamais vu jamais vu jamais vu Frank Arnould Otero, S. C., Weekes, B. S., & Hutton, S. B. (2011). Pupil size changes during recognition memory. Psychophysiology, 48(10), 1346-1353. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2011.01217.x Võ, M. L.-H., Jacobs, A. M., Kuchinke, L., Hofmann, M., Conrad, M., Schacht, A., & Hutzler, F. (2008). The coupling of emotion and cognition in the eye: introducing the pupil old/new effect. Psychophysiology, 45(1), 130–140. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2007.00606.x 2017-12-04 2021-07-05 Dans une tâche de reconnaissance, la pupille se dilate plus en présence d'items anciens (étudiés) qu'en présence d'items nouveaux (non étudiés). In a recognition task, the pupil dilates more in the presence of (studied) old items than in the presence of (unstudied) new items. effet ancien/nouveau sur la pupille pupil old/new effect Frank Arnould Jones, T. C., & Atchley, P. (2002). Conjunction error rates on a continuous recognition memory test: Little evidence for recollection. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(2), 374-379. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.28.2.374 Reinitz, M. T., & Demb, J. B. (1994). Implicit and explicit memory for compound words. Memory & Cognition, 22(6), 687–694. Consulté à l’adresse http://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/BF03209253 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Dans un test de reconnaissance, erreur consistant à reconnaître faussement de nouveaux items composés d'éléments de stimuli étudiés. False recognition of new items composed of studied items. For example, in research published by Jones and Atchley (2002), subjects were asked to study words such as "checklist" and "needlepoint". They then incorrectly recognized the unstudied word "ckeckpoint". Conjunction errors have been observed for both verbal material (words, sentences) and nonverbal material, such as faces. Par exemple, dans la recherche publiée par Jones et Atchley (2002), les sujets devaient étudier des mots comme « checklist » et « needlepoint ». Ils ont ensuite reconnu à tort le mot non étudié « ckeckpoint ». Des erreurs de conjonction ont été observées pour du matériel tant verbal (mots, phrases) que non verbal, comme les visages. conjunction errors erreurs de conjonction conjunction error erreur de conjonction Frank Arnould Collins, A. M., & Quillian, M. R. (1970). Does category size affect categorization time? Journal of verbal learning and verbal behavior, 9(4), 432–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(70)80084-6 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 effet de taille de la catégorie Decision time in a sentence verification task is shorter when the sentence is about a member of a smaller semantic category (e.g. a canary is a bird) compared to a larger category (e.g. a canary is an animal). Le temps de décision dans une tâche de vérification de phrases est plus court quand la phrase porte sur un membre d'une catégorie sémantique plus petite (par exemple, un canari est un oiseau) par rapport à une catégorie plus large (par exemple, un canari est un animal). Suppose that the following two sentences are to be verified: 1. The canary is a bird; 2. The canary is an animal. The decision time is shorter for the first sentence: the Bird category is less extensive than the Animal category. There are cases where the reaction time is shorter when the decision concerns the membership of a larger category: the reversal category size effect. Supposons que les deux phrases suivantes sont à vérifier : 1. Le canari est un oiseau ; 2. Le canari est un animal. Le temps de décision est plus court pour la première phrase : la catégorie oiseau est moins étendue que la catégorie Animal. Il existe des cas où le temps de réaction est plus court lorsque la décision porte sur l’appartenance à une catégorie plus vaste : on parle alors de l’effet inversé de la dimension de la catégorie (reversal category size effect). category size effect effet de dimension de la catégorie Frank Arnould Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2018). Complementarity in false memory illusions. Journal of Experimental Psychology-General, 147(3), 305‑327. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000381 Brainerd, C. J., Nakamura, K., & Murtaza, Y. A. (2020). Explaining complementarity in false memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 112, 104105. doi:10.1016/j.jml.2020.104105 2020-11-24 2023-09-04 Effect observed when items are judged to be in states that are in fact incompatible (e.g. old and new). Effet observé quand des items sont jugés comme étant dans des états qui sont pourtant incompatibles (par exemple, anciens et nouveaux). complementarity effect effet de complémentarité Frank Arnould Paris, S. G. (1978). Coordination of means and goals in the development of mnenomic skills. In P. A. Ornstein (Ed.), Memory development in children (p. 259-273). Laurence Erlbaum Associates. 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 On parle de déficience de production lorsqu'un sujet n'est pas capable d'utiliser spontanément une stratégie mnémonique pour améliorer sa mémoire, bien qu'il soit capable de le faire si on l'y entraîne ou s’il y est incité. Notion utilisée principalement dans les travaux sur l'utilisation des stratégies chez l'enfant et chez l'adulte âgé. The situation when a subject is not able to spontaneously use a strategy to improve his/her memory, although he/she is able to use it after training or if he/she is encouraged to do so. Concept used mainly in studies investigating the production of memory strategies in children and older adults. déficience de production production deficiency Frank Arnould Burns, D. J. (1989). Proactive interference: An individual-item versus relational processing account. Journal of Memory and Language, 28(3), 345-359. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(89)90038-7 Thapar, A. (1996). Reverse-interference effect in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22(2), 430-437. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.22.2.430 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 Les sujets mémorisent deux listes de paires de mots du type (D-B, A-C) ou (A-B, A-C). Lorsqu'ils sont invités à rappeler librement les réponses à la deuxième liste (les mots C), les sujets se souviennent en fait mieux des mots dans la condition (A-B, A-C) que dans la condition (D-B, A-C). Subjects memorize two lists of word pairs of the type (D-B, A-C) or (A-B, A-C). When asked to freely recall the responses to the second list (C words), the subjects have a better recall for the words in the condition (A-B, A-C) than in the condition (D-B, A-C). effet inversé de l'interférence reverse interference effect Frank Arnould Peynircioǧlu, Z. F. (1990). A feeling-of-recognition without identification. Journal of Memory and Language, 29(4), 493-500. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(90)90068-B 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 After studying items (e.g. words), subjects are able to distinguish studied items and non-studied items, even if it is impossible to identify them when they are presented in degraded manner (e.g. in the form of word fragments). Après avoir étudié des items (par exemple, des mots), les sujets sont capables de distinguer des items étudiés d’items non étudiés, même s’il leur est impossible de les identifier quand ils leur sont présentés de manière dégradée (par exemple, sous la forme de fragments de mots). reconnaissances sans identification recognition without identification reconnaissance sans identification Frank Arnould Kahana, M. J. (2012). Foundations of human memory. Oxford University Press. 2017-12-04 2022-01-11 Dans une tâche de rappel sériel, erreur consistant à rappeler un item présent dans une liste à une mauvaise position. Ce sont surtout les items de milieu de liste qui sont les plus sensibles à ce type d'erreur. In a serial recall task, error consisting of reporting an incorrect position of an item in a list. Mid-list items are more subject to this kind of error. erreurs de transposition transposition errors erreur de transposition transposition error Frank Arnould Bornstein, R. F., & Craver-Lemley, C. (2022). Mere exposure effect. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions: Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgment, and memory (pp. 241–258). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003154730-18 Zajonc, R. B. (2001). Mere exposure: A gateway to the subliminal. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 10(6), 224-228. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.00154 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 Preference for an unfamiliar stimulus as a result of a previous presentation of that stimulus, especially when the stimulus is presented in such a way that the subject may not be aware of it. Préférence pour un stimulus non familier résultant d'une présentation antérieure, en particulier lorsque le stimulus est présenté de telle sorte que le sujet ne puisse pas en prendre conscience. Le phénomène est utilisé en psychologie de la mémoire pour étudier la mémoire implicite. effet de simple exposition mere exposure effect Frank Arnould Koriat, A., & Bjork, R. A. (2005). Illusions of competence in monitoring one’s knowledge during study. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 31(2), 187-194. https://doi./org/10.1037/0278-7393.31.2.187 2017-12-04 2022-04-13 Illusion de compétence conduisant le sujet à surestimer la performance future de sa mémoire quand il existe une divergence inhérente entre la situation d'apprentissage et la situation de test (Koriat & Bjork, 2005). Illusion of competence leading the subject to overestimate the future performance of his/her own memory when there is an inherent discrepancy between the learning situation and the test conditions (Koriat & Bjork, 2005). For example, Koariat & Bjork (2005, Experiment 2) asked people to learn word pairs. After each pair, participants were asked to indicate how likely they thought they would be able to recall the second word in the pair using the first as a cue (judgment of learning). The word pairs were constructed using either forward or backward associations. For example, in English, the “umbrella-rain” pair is based on a forward association because, according to verbal association data, the probability of the word “umbrella” eliciting the word “rain” is high. In contrast, the reverse pair “rain-umbrella” relies on a backward association because the probability of the word “rain” to elicit the word umbrella is low. At the time of testing, the first word of each pair was presented to the subjects who had to remember the word associated with it. The results showed that participants judged that they would remember the words of the forward pairs just as well as the backward pairs. Yet, in reality, they remembered the forward pairs better and thus subjectively exaggerated their ability to remember the backward pairs. Par exemple, Koariat & Bjork (2005, Expérience 2) ont demandé à des personnes de mémoriser des paires de mots. Après chaque paire, les participants devaient indiquer la probabilité avec laquelle ils pensaient pouvoir rappeler le second mot de la paire en se servant du premier comme indice (jugement d’apprentissage). Les paires de mots étaient construites à partir d’associations « vers l’avant » (forward associations) ou rétrogrades (backward associations). Par exemple, en anglais, la paire « umbrella-rain » repose sur une association vers l’avant, car, selon des données d’associations verbales, la probabilité que possède le mot « umbrella » de susciter le mot « rain » est élevée. Par contre, la paire inverse « rain-umbella » repose sur une association rétrograde, car la probabilité du mot « rain » à susciter le mot « umbrella » est faible. Au moment du test, le premier mot de chaque paire était présenté aux sujets qui devaient se souvenir du mot qui lui était associé. Les résultats ont montré que les participants ont jugé qu’ils se souviendraient tout aussi bien des mots des paires vers l’avant que des paires rétrogrades. Pourtant, dans les faits, ils se sont mieux souvenus des paires « vers l’avant » et ont donc subjectivement exagéré leur capacité à se souvenir des paires rétrogrades. biais de prévision foresight bias Kubik, V., Jemstedt, A., Jönsson, F., & Schwartz, B. L. (2021, December 30). The underconfidence-with-practice effect in action memory: The contribution of retrieval practice to metacognitive monitoring. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/B4W26 Frank Arnould Finn, B., & Metcalfe, J. (2007). The role of memory for past test in the underconfidence with practice effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 33(1), 238–244. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.33.1.238 Koriat, A. (1997). Monitoring one’s own knowledge during study: A cue-utilization approach to judgments of learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 126(4), 349–370. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.126.4.349 Koriat, A., Sheffer, L., & Ma’ayan, H. (2002). Comparing objective and subjective learning curves: Judgments of learning exhibit increased underconfidence with practice. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131(2), 147–162. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.131.2.147 West, J. T., & Mulligan, N. W. (2019). Prospective metamemory, like retrospective metamemory, exhibits underconfidence with practice. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 45(12), 2224–2238. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000708 2022-04-05 2023-09-04 UWP Quand la présentation d’une liste d’items est répétée, les participants deviennent sous-confiants dans les jugements d’apprentissage, de sorte que les prédictions subjectives de rappel des items finissent par être nettement inférieures à la performance mnésique objective (Koriat et al., 2002). “With repeated presentation of the list, JOLs [judgments of learning] evidenced increased underconfidence, so that recall predictions became markedly lower than recall performance.”(Koriat et al., 2002, p. 148). underconfidence with practice underconfidence with practice effect underconfidence-with-practice effet de sous-confiance avec la pratique underconfidence-with-practice effect itzman, D., Rhodes, M., Hausman, H., & Scheibe, D. A. (2021, April 6). Hypercorrection & Episodic Memory. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/YBJU3 Frank Arnould Butterfield, B., & Metcalfe, J. (2001). Errors committed with high confidence are hypercorrected. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27(6), 1491–1494. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.27.6.1491 2017-12-04 2022-04-25 hypercorrection phenomenon phénomène d'hypercorrection Après un feedback sur les réponses données, les personnes corrigent plus volontiers les erreurs de mémoire pour lesquelles elles étaient fortement sûres d'elles-mêmes que les erreurs de mémoire pour lesquelles elles étaient peu sûres d'elles-mêmes. Errors made with higher confidence are more likely to be corrected with feedback on a final test than are errors made with lower confidence. effet d'hypercorrection hypercorrection effect Frank Arnould Kornell, N., & Bjork, R. A. (2009). A stability bias in human memory: Overestimating remembering and underestimating learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 138(4), 449-468. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017350 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Biais de mémoire se manifestant quand les personnes estiment que leurs souvenirs vont rester stables dans le temps, ne s'amélioreront pas avec des séances d'apprentissage supplémentaires et ne seront pas sujets à l'oubli. Memory bias when people consider that their memories will remain stable over time, will not improve with additional learning trials and will not be forgotten. biais de stabilité stability bias Chang, M. (2023, March 22). The Font Size Effect Depends on List Relatedness. https://osf.io/7j2pv Fan, T. (2021, September 10). The Contribution of Metamemory Beliefs to the Font Size Effect on Judgments of Learning: Is Word Frequency a Moderating Factor? doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/D894V Maxwell, N. P., & Huff, M. J. (2021, October 18). Perceptually Distinctive Features of Study Words Do Not Inflate Judgements of Learning: Evidence from Font Size, Highlights, and Sans Forgetica Font Type. https://osf.io/3xwdr/ Su, N., Li, T., Zheng, J., Hu, X., Fan, T., & Luo, L. (2018). How font size affects judgments of learning: Simultaneous mediating effect of item-specific beliefs about fluency and moderating effect of beliefs about font size and memory. https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/How_font_size_affects_judgments_of_learning_Simultaneous_mediating_effect_of_item-specific_beliefs_about_fluency_and_moderating_effect_of_beliefs_about_font_size_and_memory/6846332/1 Yang, C. (2021, November 2). The font size effect on judgements of learning. https://osf.io/2zfye/ Frank Arnould Kornell, N., Rhodes, M. G., Castel, A. D., & Tauber, S. K. (2011). The ease-of-processing heuristic and the stability bias: Dissociating memory, memory beliefs, and memory judgments. Psychological Science, 22(6), 787–794. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797611407929 Mueller, M. L., Dunlosky, J., Tauber, S. K., & Rhodes, M. G. (2014). The font-size effect on judgments of learning: Does it exemplify fluency effects or reflect people’s beliefs about memory? Journal of Memory and Language, 70, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2013.09.007 Price, J., & Harrison, A. (2017). Examining what prestudy and immediate judgments of learning reveal about the bases of metamemory judgments. Journal of Memory and Language, 94, 177–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2016.12.003 Rhodes, M. G., & Castel, A. D. (2008). Memory predictions are influenced by perceptual information: Evidence for metacognitive illusions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 137(4), 615–625. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013684 Su, N., Li, T., Zheng, J., Hu, X., Fan, T., & Luo, L. (2018). How font size affects judgments of learning: Simultaneous mediating effect of item-specific beliefs about fluency and moderating effect of beliefs about font size and memory. PLOS ONE, 13(7), e0200888. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200888 Undorf, M., & Zimdahl, M. F. (2019). Metamemory and memory for a wide range of font sizes: What is the contribution of perceptual fluency? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 45(1), 97–109. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000571 Undorf, M., Söllner, A., & Bröder, A. (2018). Simultaneous utilization of multiple cues in judgments of learning. Memory & Cognition, 46(4), 507–519. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-017-0780-6 2022-04-05 2023-09-04 effet de la taille de la police de caractère font size effect Alors que la mémoire de mots ne dépend pas de la taille de la police de caractère, les personnes ont tendance à croire que les mots écrits avec une police de grande taille de police sont mieux mémorisés que les mots écrits avec une petite taille de police. Memory for words does not vary with font size. However, people tend to believe that words written in larger fonts are easier to remember than words written in smaller fonts. font size illusion illusion de la taille de la police de caractère Frank Arnould Lichtenstein, S., & Fischhoff, B. (1977). Do those who know more also know more about how much they know? Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 20(2), 159-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(77)90001-0 Moore, D. A., & Schatz, D. (2017). The three faces of overconfidence. Social & Personality Psychology Compass, 11(8), n/a-N.PAG. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12331 2017-12-04 2022-04-05 Effet indiquant que les sujets manifestent une confiance excessive dans leurs réponses à des questions difficiles et une confiance insuffisante dans leurs réponses à des questions faciles. Subjects are overconfident in their answers to difficult questions and underconfident in their answers to easy questions. effet difficile-facile hard-easy effect Frank Arnould Fleming, S. M., & Lau, H. C. (2014). How to measure metacognition. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00443 2022-04-04 2023-09-04 "the tendency to give high confidence ratings, all else being equal."(Fleming & Lau, 2014). « tendance à avoir des niveaux de confiance élevés, toutes choses étant égales par ailleurs. » (Fleming & Lau, 2014). biais métacognitif metacognitive bias Mieth, L., Schaper, M. L., Kuhlmann, B. G., & Bell, R. (2020, July 14). Memory and metamemory for social interactions: Evidence for a metamemory expectancy illusion. https://osf.io/h98qs Schaper, M. L., & Bayen, U. J. (2020, September 11). The Metamemory Expectancy Illusion in Source Monitoring Affects Metamemory Control and Memory. https://osf.io/njmrw/ Schaper, M. L., Kuhlmann, B. G., & Bayen, U. J. (2019, June 4). Metacognitive Expectancy Effects in Source Monitoring: Beliefs, In-The-Moment Experiences, or Both? https://osf.io/mxk4p/ Schaper, M. L., Kuhlmann, B. G., & Bayen, U. J. (2019, June 4). Metamemory Expectancy Illusion and Schema-Consistent Guessing in Source Monitoring. https://osf.io/h9mj6/ Frank Arnould Gordon, L. T., Bilolikar, V. K., Hodhod, T., & Thomas, A. K. (2020). How prior testing impacts misinformation processing: A dual-task approach. Memory & Cognition, 48(2), 314–324. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00970-0 Schaper, M. L., & Bayen, U. J. (2021). The metamemory expectancy illusion in source monitoring affects metamemory control and memory. Cognition, 206, 104468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104468 Schaper, M. L., Kuhlmann, B. G., & Bayen, U. J. (2019). Metamemory expectancy illusion and schema-consistent guessing in source monitoring. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 45(3), 470–496. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000602 2020-11-12 2023-09-04 Idée fausse consistant à croire que la mémoire d’une source d’information est meilleure si cette source est attendue plutôt qu’inattendue. The misconception that source memory is better if the source is expected rather than unexpected. illusion métamnésique sur les attentes metamemory expectancy illusion Frank Arnould Benjamin, A. S., & Diaz, M. (2008). Measurement of relative metamnemonic accuracy. In J. Dunlosky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Handbook of metamemory and memory (pp. 73–94). Psychology Press. Luna, K., Martín-Luengo, B., & Albuquerque, P. B. (2018). Do delayed judgements of learning reduce metamemory illusions? A meta-analysis. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71(7), 1626–1636. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1343362 Narens, L., Nelson, T. O., & Scheck, P. (2008). Memory monitoring and delayed JOL effect. In J. Dunlovsky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Hanbook of Metamemory and Memory. Psychology Press. Nelson, T. O., & Dunlosky, J. (1991). When people’s judgments of learning (JOLs) are extremely accurate at predicting subsequent recall: The “delayed-JOL effect.” Psychological Science, 2(4), 267–271. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1991.tb00147.x Rhodes, M. G., & Tauber, S. K. (2011). The influence of delaying judgments of learning on metacognitive accuracy: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 137(1), 131–148. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021705 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 delayed JOL effect Judgments of the future recallability of an item are more accurate when a time interval is interposed between study and judgments (after Benjamin & Diaz, 2008). Les jugements sur la capacité à rappeler un item dans le futur sont plus précis quand un intervalle de temps est interposé entre la phase d’étude et le moment des jugements (d’après Benjamin & Diaz, 2008). delayed judgement of learning effect delayed judgment of learning effect effet du jugement d'apprentissage différé Frank Arnould Finn, B. (2010). Ending on a high note : Adding a better end to effortful study. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 36(6), 1548‑1553. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020605 Finn, B. (2015). Retrospective utility of educational experiences : Opportunities to broaden motivation theory and classroom applications. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 4(4), 388‑390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2015.10.001 Finn, B., & Miele, D. B. (2016). Hitting a high note on math tests : Remembered success influences test preferences. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 42(1), 17‑38. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000150 Finn, B., & Miele, D. B. (2021). Boundary conditions of the remembered success effect. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 10(4), 621–641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2021.07.009 2021-12-03 2023-09-04 "When people can remember having been successful or experiencing ease during a challenging task (i.e., experiences with high remembered utility), they prefer this experience to shorter tasks that do not feature any moderate learning or testing opportunities." (Finn & Miele, 2021, p. 622). « Lorsque les personnes se souviennent d'avoir réussi ou d'avoir été à l'aise lors d'une tâche difficile (c'est-à-dire des expériences à forte utilité mémorisée), ils préfèrent cette expérience à des tâches plus courtes qui ne présentent pas de possibilités d'apprentissage ou de test modérées. » (Finn & Miele, 2021, p. 622). effet de réussite mémorisée remembered success effect Frank Arnould Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. 2022-02-03 2023-09-04 apprentissage de l’échappement comportement d’échappement escape escape behavior escape learning escape training échappement échappement conditionné En conditionnement opérant, apprentissage d’une réponse pour faire cesser la délivrance d’un stimulus aversif. In operant conditioning, learning a response to terminate the delivery of an aversive stimulus. conditionnement de l’échappement escape conditioning Frank Arnould Byrom, N. C., Msetfi, R. M., & Murphy, R. A. (2018). Human latent inhibition : Problems with the stimulus exposure effect. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(6), 2102‑2118. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1455-4 Lubow, R. E. (1973). Latent inhibition. Psychological Bulletin, 79(6), 398‑407. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0034425 Lubow, R. E., & Moore, A. U. (1959). Latent inhibition: The effect of nonreinforced pre-exposure to the conditional stimulus. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 52(4), 415–419. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046700 2018-09-12 2022-04-04 conditioned stimulus preexposure effect ​ effet de la pré-exposition du stimulus conditionnel En conditionnement classique, plus grande difficulté à établir un conditionnement par la « pré-exposition non renforcée du stimulus à conditionner. » (Lubow, 1973, p. 398). In classical conditioning, "decrement in learning performance which results from the nonreinforced preexposure of the to-be-conditioned stimulus." (Lubow, 1973, p. 398). inhibition latente latent inhibition Frank Arnould Brogden, W. J. (1939). Sensory pre-conditioning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 25(4), 323–332. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0058944 2017-12-04 2022-01-20 An association is acquired without reinforcement between two contiguous stimuli before conditioning. A response to a stimulus is then acquired by conditioning and can be generalized to the other stimulus. Une association est acquise, sans renforcement, entre deux stimuli contigus, avant un conditionnement. Une réponse à l'un des stimuli est ensuite acquise par conditionnement et peut se généraliser à l'autre stimulus. préconditionnement sensoriel sensory preconditioning Frank Arnould Sweatt, J. D. (2010). Mechanisms of memory (2nd ed.). Academic Press. 2017-12-04 2022-03-30 behavioral sensitization sensibilisation comportementale Augmentation de la fréquence ou de l'amplitude d’une réponse à un nouveau stimulus. Increase in the frequency or amplitude of a response to a new stimulus. behavioural sensitization sensitisation sensibilisation sensitization Frank Arnould Sweatt, J. D. (2010). Mechanisms of memory (2nd ed.). Academic Press. 2017-12-04 2022-03-29 After habituation, reappearance of the response after the presentation of a new stimulus or a modified version of the original stimulus. Après habituation, réapparition de la réponse après la présentation d’un nouveau stimulus ou d’une version modifiée du stimulus original. dishabituation déshabituation Frank Arnould Colwill, R. M., Lattal, K. M., Whitlow, J. W., & Delamater, A. R. (2023). Habituation: It’s not what you think it is. Behavioural Processes, 207, 104845. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2023.104845 Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. Sweatt, J. D. (2010). Mechanisms of memory (2nd ed.). Academic Press. 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 Diminution de la réponse à un stimulus quand ce stimulus est répété. Response decrease to a repeated stimulus. habituation habituation Frank Arnould Pavlov, I. P. (1927). Conditioned reflexes: An investigation of the physiological activity of the cerebral cortex (G. V. Anrep, Trans.). Dover Publications. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Pavlov/ 2017-12-04 2023-03-20 Après un délai, réapparition d'une réponse conditionnée qui avait été éteinte. The reappearance after a period of time of a conditioned response that has been extinguished. récupération spontanée (conditionnement) spontaneous recovery (conditioning) Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. 2022-02-03 2023-09-04 apprentissage de l’évitement avoidance avoidance learning avoidance training comportement d'évitement évitement évitement conditionné En conditionnement opérant, apprentissage d’une réponse pour qu’un stimulus aversif ne soit pas délivré ou pour ne pas y être exposé. In operant conditioning, learning a response so that an aversive stimulus is not delivered or not to be exposed to it. avoidance conditioning conditionnement de l’évitement Frank Arnould Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. Pavlov, I. P. (1927). Conditioned reflexes: An investigation of the physiological activity of the cerebral cortex (G. V. Anrep, Trans.). Dover Publications. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Pavlov/ 2022-02-01 2023-09-04 Generalization of a classical or operant conditioning to stimuli similar to the stimulus used for the initial conditioning. Généralisation d’un conditionnement classique ou opérant à des stimuli similaires au stimulus ayant servi au conditionnement initial. stimulus generalisation généralisation du stimulus stimulus generalization Frank Arnould VanElzakker, M. B., Kathryn Dahlgren, M., Caroline Davis, F., Dubois, S., & Shin, L. M. (2014). From Pavlov to PTSD: The extinction of conditioned fear in rodents, humans, and anxiety disorders. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 113, 3–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2013.11.014 2017-12-04 2021-08-10 Disappearance of a conditioned response when it ceased to be reinforced. Disparition d'une réponse conditionnée quand celle-ci a cessé d'être renforcée. extinction extinction Cullen, H. J., van Golde, C., PhD, & Paterson, H. (2021, October 5). Inattentional blindness and eyewitness memory. https://osf.io/be5an Frank Arnould 2022-04-28 Cullen, H. J., Paterson, H. M., & van Golde, C. (2022). Does experiencing inattentional blindness for crime influence eyewitness recall? Memory, 30(2), 206–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.2002906 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Hyman, I. E. Jr. (2016). Unaware observers: The impact of inattentional blindness on walkers, drivers, and eyewitnesses. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 5(3), 264–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2016.06.011 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Hyman, I. E., Wulff, A. N., & Thomas, A. K. (2018). Crime blindness: How selective attention and inattentional blindness can disrupt eyewitness awareness and memory. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 5(2), 202–208. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732218786749 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Neisser, U., & Becklen, R. (1975). Selective looking: Attending to visually specified events. Cognitive Psychology, 7(4), 480–494. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(75)90019-5 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Rock, I., Linnett, C. M., Grant, P., & Mack, A. (1992). Perception without attention: Results of a new method. Cognitive Psychology, 24(4), 502–534. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(92)90017-V [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Simons, D. J., & Chabris, C. F. (1999). Gorillas in our midst: Sustained inattentional blindness for dynamic events. Perception, 28(9), 1059–1074. https://doi.org/10.1068/p281059 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Wulff, A. N., & Hyman, I. E. (2022). Crime blindness: The impact of inattentional blindness on eyewitness awareness, memory, and identification. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(1), 166–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3906 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-05 Inability to detect an unexpected, salient, incongruous element because attention is captured by processing other elements of the scene. Incapacité à détecter un élément inattendu, saillant, incongru parce que l'attention est captée par le traitement d'autres éléments de la scène. cécité d'inattention inattentional blindness Wood, K., & Simons, D. J. (2019, November 30). Reconciling change blindness with long-term memory for objects. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 79, 438-448. https://osf.io/6y35t Frank Arnould 2022-04-28 Boloix, E. (2007). La représentation des scènes visuelles en mémoire: Les apports de la cécité au changement. L’Année psychologique, 107(3), 459–487. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503307003053 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Davies, G., & Hine, S. (2007). Change blindness and eyewitness testimony. The Journal of Psychology, 141(4), 423–434. https://doi.org/10.3200/JRLP.141.4.423-434 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Davis, D., Loftus, E. F., Vanous, S., & Cucciare, M. (2008). `Unconscious transference’ can be an instance of `change blindness’. In APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY (Vol. 22, Issue 5, pp. 605–623). JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1395 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Fitzgerald, R. J., Oriet, C., & Price, H. L. (2016). Change blindness and eyewitness identification: Effects on accuracy and confidence. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 21(1), 189–201. https://doi.org/10.1111/lcrp.12044 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Gibbs, R., Davies, G., & Chou, S. (2016). A systematic review on factors affecting the likelihood of change blindness. Crime Psychology Review, 2(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/23744006.2016.1228799 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Laney, C., & Loftus, E. F. (2010). Change blindness and eyewitness memory. In G. M. Davies & D. B. Wright (Eds.), Current issues in applied memory research (pp. 142–159). Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Nelson, K. J., Laney, C., Fowler, N. B., Knowles, E. D., Davis, D., & Loftus, E. F. (2011). Change blindness can cause mistaken eyewitness identification. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 16(1), 62–74. https://doi.org/10.1348/135532509X482625 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Rensink, R. A., O’Regan, J. K., & Clark, J. J. (1997). To see or not to see: The need for attention to perceive changes in scenes. Psychological Science, 8(5), 368–373. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00427.x [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 Inability to detect a change between two successive versions of a scene. Incapacité à détecter un changement entre deux versions successives d'une scène. cécité aux changements change blindness cécité au changement Grassi, M., Toffalini, E., & Crotti, C. (2020, July 16). Direct replication of “Temporary suppression of visual processing in RSVP task: an attentional blink?” (Experiment 2). doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/HP9NK Frank Arnould Grassi, M., Crotti, C., Giofrè, D., Boedker, I., & Toffalini, E. (2021). Two replications of Raymond, Shapiro, and Arnell (1992), The Attentional Blink. Behavior Research Methods, 53(2), 656‑668. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-020-01457-6 Raymond, J. E., Shapiro, K. L., & Arnell, K. M. (1992). Temporary suppression of visual processing in an RSVP task : An attentional blink? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18(3), 849‑860. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.18.3.849 Weichselgartner, E., & Sperling, G. (1987). Dynamics of automatic and controlled visual attention. Science (New York, N.Y.), 238(4828), 778‑780. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3672124 2020-08-27 2023-09-04 Grassi, M., Crotti, C., Giofrè, D., Boedker, I., & Toffalini, E. (2021). Two replications of Raymond, Shapiro, and Arnell (1992), The Attentional Blink. Behavior Research Methods, 53(2), 656‑668. doi:10.3758/s13428-020-01457-6 Quand deux stimuli visuels successifs sont séparés par un intervalle de temps entre 200 ms et 500 ms, les observateurs échouent souvent à rapporter le second stimulus. When two successive visual stimuli are separated by a time interval between 200 ms and 500 ms, observers often fail to report the second stimulus. attentional blink clignement attentionnel 2023-04-03 Frank Arnould 2023-04-14 Informatics Informatique Psychologie Psychology Homme Human An R package for the calculation of eyewitness confidence-accuracy relationships, calibration statistics, calibration curves, and confidence-accuracy characteristics curves (https://github.com/IngerMathilde/legalPsych). Paquet R pour l’analyse des relations entre confiance et précision des témoignages oculaires, la réalisation de statistiques et courbes de calibration, ainsi que de courbes caractéristiques confiance-précision (https://github.com/IngerMathilde/legalPsych). legalPsych legalPsych 2023-04-03 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Informatics Informatique Psychologie Psychology Homme Human An R package "for quickly and accurately processing lexical output from cued-recall, free-recall, and sentence-recall studies." (Maxwell et al., 2022, p. 2022). Un paquet R « pour traiter rapidement et avec précision les résultats lexicaux d'études sur le rappel indicé, le rappel libre et le rappel de phrases. » (Maxwell et al., 2022, p. 2022). lrd lrd 2023-04-03 Frank Arnould Yang, Y., & Smith, A. (2023). fullROC: An R package for generating and analyzing eyewitness-lineup ROC curves. Behavior Research Methods, 55(1), 1259-1274. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-022-01807-6 [Document type: software description / Access: open] 2023-04-14 Informatics Informatique Psychologie Psychology Homme Human Paquet R pour l’analyse des courbes ROC de données issues de tapissages de police. R package for analysing ROC curves from police lineups. fullROC fullROC 2023-04-03 Frank Arnould Cohen, A. L., Starns, J. J., & Rotello, C. M. (2021). sdtlu: An R package for the signal detection analysis of eyewitness lineup data. Behavior Research Methods, 53(1), 278–300. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-020-01402-7 [Document type: software description / Access: open] 2023-04-14 Informatics Informatique Psychologie Psychology Homme Human signal detection theory – lineUp An R package for analysing police lineup data using signal detection theory. Paquet R pour l’analyse de données issues de tapissages de police à l’aide de la théorie de la détection du signal. sdtlu sdtlu 2023-04-03 Frank Arnould Mickes, L., Seale-Carlisle, T. M., Chen, X., & Boogert, S. (in press). pyWitness 1.0: A python eyewitness identification analysis toolkit. Behavior Research Methods. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-023-02108-2 [Document type: software description / Access: open] 2023-08-07 Informatics Informatique Psychologie Psychology Homme Human A Python library for analysing memory recognition and identification data from police lineups (ROC analysis, confidence-accuracy characteristic, response time accuracy characteristic). Librairie Python pour l’analyse des données de reconnaissance en mémoire et d’identification dans les tapissages de police. pyWitness pyWitness 2023-06-28 Frank Arnould Gudjonsson, G. H. (2018). The psychology of false confessions: Forty years of science and practice. Wiley. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Gudjonsson, G. H. (2021). The science-based pathways to understanding false confessions and wrongful convictions. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.633936 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Kassin, S. M., & Gudjonsson, G. H. (2004). The psychology of confessions: A review of the literature and issues. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 5(2), 33–67. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-1006.2004.00016.x [Document type: literature review / Access: free] Kassin, S. M., Drizin, S. A., Grisso, T., Gudjonsson, G. H., Leo, R. A., & Redlich, A. D. (2010). Police-induced confessions: Risk factors and recommendations. Law and Human Behavior, 34(1), 3–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10979-009-9188-6 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Lassiter, G. D., & Meissner, C. A. (Eds.). (2010). Police interrogations and false confessions: Current research, practice, and policy recommendations. American Psychological Association. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Meissner, C. A., Redlich, A. D., Michael, S. W., Evans, J. R., Camilletti, C. R., Bhatt, S., & Brandon, S. (2014). Accusatorial and information-gathering interrogation methods and their effects on true and false confessions: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 10(4), 459–486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-014-9207-6 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Stewart, J. M., Woody, W. D., & Pulos, S. (2018). The prevalence of false confessions in experimental laboratory simulations: A meta‐analysis. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 36(1), 12–31. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2327 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human Admission by an innocent person of having committed a crime. Admission par une personne innocente d’avoir commis un délit ou un crime. false confessions faux aveux false confession faux aveu Zhang, Y., & Hoffman, P. (2022, December 2). Taxonomic and thematic relations rely on different types of semantic features: Evidence from an fMRI meta-analysis and a semantic priming study. https://osf.io/mrvns Zhang, Y., Mirman, D., & Hoffman, P. (2023). Taxonomic and thematic relations rely on different types of semantic features: Evidence from an fMRI meta-analysis and a semantic priming study. Brain and Language, 242, 105287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2023.105287 2023-06-13 Frank Arnould Mirman, D., Landrigan, J.-F., & Britt, A. E. (2017). Taxonomic and thematic semantic systems. Psychological Bulletin, 143(5), 499–520. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000092 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-06-13 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human sémantique thématique thematic semantics « Les relations thématiques (ou relations associatives) se produisent lorsque deux concepts cooccurrent fréquemment dans des événements ou des situations (par exemple, "chien" et "os"), en mettant l’accent sur l’interaction ou l’association entre les concepts » (Zhang et al., 2023). “thematic relations (or associative relations) occur when two concepts frequently co-occur in events or situations (e.g., ‘dog’ and ‘bone’), focusing on the interaction or association between concepts” (Zhang et al., 2023). relations thématiques thematic relations relation thématique thematic relation 2023-05-29 Frank Arnould Smith, A. M., & Wells, G. L. (2023). Using reflector variables to determine whether the culprit is present in or absent from a police lineup. In D. DeMatteo & K. C. Scherr (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Psychology and Law (p. 464-C27P81). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197649138.013.27 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wells, G. L. (2020). Psychological science on eyewitness identification and its impact on police practices and policies. American Psychologist, 75(9), 1316–1329. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000749 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-06-20 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human « Les variables réflectrices font référence à des comportements des témoins oculaires pendant la procédure d’identification qui covarient avec, et donc reflètent, le fait que le suspect dans une procédure d’identification est innocent ou coupable » (Wells, 2020, p. 1318), comme le temps de décision d’un témoin oculaire dans un tapissage et les jugements de confiance des témoins. “Reflector variables are the behaviors of eyewitnesses during the identification procedure that covary with, and hence reflect, whether the suspect in an identification procedure is innocent or guilty.” (Wells, 2020, p. 1318), such as the eyewitnesses’ decision times, vocalized decision processes, confidence statements, etc. reflector variables variables réflectrices reflector variable variable réflectrice Zhang, Y., & Hoffman, P. (2022, December 2). Taxonomic and thematic relations rely on different types of semantic features: Evidence from an fMRI meta-analysis and a semantic priming study. https://osf.io/mrvns Zhang, Y., Mirman, D., & Hoffman, P. (2023). Taxonomic and thematic relations rely on different types of semantic features: Evidence from an fMRI meta-analysis and a semantic priming study. Brain and Language, 242, 105287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2023.105287 2023-06-13 Frank Arnould Mirman, D., Landrigan, J.-F., & Britt, A. E. (2017). Taxonomic and thematic semantic systems. Psychological Bulletin, 143(5), 499–520. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000092 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-06-13 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human categorical relation relation taxonomique sémantique taxinomique sémantique taxonomique taxonomic semantics « Les relations taxonomiques (ou relations catégorielles) se produisent lorsque deux concepts appartiennent à la même catégorie (par exemple, "chien" et "loup" sont tous deux des canidés). Les concepts taxonomiquement apparentés partagent généralement de multiples caractéristiques de couleur, de forme et d'autres caractéristiques sensorimotrices. » (Zhang et al., 2023). “Taxonomic relations (or categorical relations) occur when two concepts belong to the same category (e.g., ‘dog’ and ‘wolf ’ are both canines). Taxonomically related concepts typically share multiple features in color, shape and other sensorimotor characteristics.” (Zhang et al., 2023). categorical relations relations taxinomiques relations taxonomiques taxonomic relations relation taxinomique taxonomic relation Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Langevin, S., Sauzéon, H., Taconnat, L., & N’Kaoua, B. (2009). Les fausses reconnaissances induites par les paradigmes DRM, MI et tâches dérivées. L’Année Psychologique, 109(4), 699‑729. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503309004059 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2022-01-12 Erroneous recognition of items that were not studied. Reconnaissance erronée d'éléments qui n'ont pas été étudiés. fausses reconnaissances false recognition fausse reconnaissance Robin, F., Menetrier, E., & Bret, B. B. (2021, June 11). Effect of visual imagery on false memories in DRM and Misinformation paradigms. https://osf.io/zsh3b/ Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Davies, D., & Loftus, E. F. (2007). Internal and external sources of misinformation in adult witness memory. In M. P. Toglia, J. Don Read, D. F. Ross, & R. C. L. LIndsay (Eds.), The Handbook of Eyewitness Psychology : Volume I: Memory for Events (1ʳᵉ éd., p. 195‑237). Laurence Erlbaum Associates. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 désinformation désinformation post-évènementielle information post-évènementielle misinformation post-event information post-event misinformation False information about an event. Information erronée présentée au sujet après la phase d'étude et dont on évalue le rôle dans la création d'un faux souvenir en contaminant la mémoire. informations post-évènementielles informations trompeuses information trompeuse misleading information Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Wells, G. L. (1978). Applied eyewitness-testimony research: System variables and estimator variables. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36(12), 1546–1557. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.36.12.1546 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-06-26 variable systémique Dans le cas d'un témoignage oculaire, variable sous le contrôle du système judiciaire (par exemple, les consignes données au témoin par le policier avant une parade d’identification). In the case of an eyewitness testimony, a variable controlled by the legal system (for example, instructions given to the witness by the police officer in a suspect lineup). system variables variables du système variables systémiques system variable variable du système Frank Arnould MacLeod, C. M., & Kampe, K. E. (1996). Word frequency effects on recall, recognition, and word fragment completion tests. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 22(1), 132–142. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.22.1.132 Popov, V., & Reder, L. (n.d.). Frequency effects in recognition and recall. In M. J. Kahana & A. D. Wagner (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of memory. Oxford University Press. Retrieved July 27, 2022, from https://psyarxiv.com/xb8es/ Popov, V., & Reder, L. M. (2020). Frequency effects on memory: A resource-limited theory. Psychological Review, 127(1), 1–46. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000161 2017-12-04 2023-03-31 Frequency of occurrence of a word in a language. Fréquence d'occurrence d'un mot dans une langue. fréquence du mot word frequency Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-01-13 Erroneous recall of items that were not studied. Rappel erroné d'éléments qui n'ont pas été étudiés. false recalls faux rappels false recall faux rappel Frank Arnould 2022-04-27 Smith, A. M., Toglia, M. P., & Lampinen, J. M. (Eds.). (2021). Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Toglia, M. P., Read, J. D., Ross, D. F., & LIndsay, R. C. L. (Eds.). (2007). The handbook of eyewitness psychology: Vol. 1. Memory for people. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Toglia, M. P., Read, J. D., Ross, D. F., & LIndsay, R. C. L. (Eds.). (2007). The handbook of eyewitness psychology: Vol. 2. Memory for events. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wixted, J. T., Mickes, L., & Fisher, R. P. (2018). Rethinking the reliability of eyewitness memory. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13(3), 324–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691617734878 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-09-04 witness memory witness testimony A statement used to establish the veracity of a fact or event. Déclaration permettant d’établir la véracité d’un fait ou d’un évènement. témoignages witness memories witness testimonies testimony témoignage Frank Arnould Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (p. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2017-12-04 2022-03-10 conservative criterion critère de réponse liberal criterion response criterion Dans la théorie de la détection du signal appliquée à la reconnaissance en mémoire, critère plus ou moins strict que se fixe le sujet pour décider ou non qu'un item est reconnu. In signal detection theory applied to recognition memory, more or less strict criterion leading a subject to decide whether or not an item is recognized. biais de réponse response bias Frank Arnould Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory : An update. Memory, 1‑6. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1873391 Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory : How the mind forgets and remembers (2nd ed.). Houghton Mifflin. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 error of commission Dans un test de mémoire, erreur consistant à évoquer ou à reconnaître des éléments absents de la phase d'étude. In a memory test, an error consisting of recalling or recognizing an item that was absent during the study phase. commission errors erreurs de commission errors of commission commission error erreur de commission Frank Arnould Paivio, A. (1965). Abstractness, imagery, and meaningfulness in paired-associate learning. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 4(1), 32‑38. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(65)80064-0 Reilly, J., & Kean, J. (2007). Formal distinctiveness of high- and low-imageability nouns : Analyses and theoretical implications. Cognitive Science, 31(1), 157‑168. https://doi.org/10.1080/03640210709336988 2020-06-05 2021-09-06 Degré avec lequel un mot est capable de susciter une image mentale visuelle. Extent to which a word is likely to evoke a visual mental image. imaginabilité des mots word imageability Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Lampinen, J. M., Neuschatz, J. S., & Cling, A. D. (2012). The psychology of eyewitness identification. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wells, G. L. (1978). Applied eyewitness-testimony research: System variables and estimator variables. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36(12), 1546–1557. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.36.12.1546 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 Dans le cas d’un témoignage oculaire, variable qui n’est pas sous le contrôle du système judiciaire et qui ne peut être qu'estimée. In the case of eyewitness testimony, a variable that is not under the control of the legal system and must be estimated. estimator variables variables d’estimation estimator variable variable d’estimation Neath, I. (2022, April 18). Re-Assessing Age of Acquisition Effects in Recognition, Free Recall, and Serial Recall. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/2CAGB Frank Arnould Elsherif, M. M., Preece, E., & Catling, J. C. (in press). Age-of-acquisition effects: A literature review. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001215 Macmillan, M. B., Neath, I., & Surprenant, A. M. (2021). Re-assessing age of acquisition effects in recognition, free recall, and serial recall. Memory & Cognition, 49(5), 939–954. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-021-01137-6 2021-09-06 2023-09-04 Age at which a person learns a word. Âge auquel un mot est appris. age-of-acquisition age of acquisition âge d'acquisition Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Niveau d'association entre souvenirs. La force associative est souvent inférée à partir de la rapidité avec laquelle un souvenir est capable d’en susciter un autre. Plus le processus est rapide, plus la force entre les deux souvenirs est jugée élevée. Dans une tâche d’association verbale, la force associative peut aussi être inférée à partir des fréquences d’association entre un mot et les réponses qu’il induit. The degree of association between memories. Associative strength is often inferred from the speed with which one memory is able to evoke another. The faster the process, the greater the strength between the two memories. In a verbal association task, associative strength can also be inferred from the frequency of association between a word and the responses it elicits. associative strength force associative Frank Arnould Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (p. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2017-12-04 2022-01-13 Dans la théorie de la détection du signal appliquée à la reconnaissance, reconnaissance correcte d'un élément qui a été étudié. In signal detection theory applied to recognition memory, correct recognition of an item that has been studied. détections correctes hits détection correcte hit Frank Arnould Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory : An update. Memory, 1‑6. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1873391 Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory : How the mind forgets and remembers (2nd ed.). Houghton Mifflin. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 error of omission Dans un test de mémoire, erreur consistant à ne pas se souvenir d'éléments présentés pendant la phase d'étude. In a memory test, an error consisting of not recalling items presented during the study phase. erreurs d'omission errors of omission omission errors erreur d'omission omission error Frank Arnould Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (p. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 fausse alerte Dans la théorie de la détection du signal appliquée à la reconnaissance, une fausse alarme consiste à reconnaître par erreur une information qui n'a pas été présentée lors de l'étude. Avec les détections correctes, les fausses alarmes sont à la base du calcul des indices d' et ß et de la constitution des courbes ROC. In signal detection theory applied to recognition, a false alarm consists of mistakenly recognizing information that was not presented during the study. With hits, false alarms are the basis for the calculation of the d' and ß indices and the construction of ROC curves. false alarms fausses alarmes fausses alertes false alarm fausse alarme Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Format used by some authors to describe the knowledge stored in memory, especially in procedural memory. A production rule is a conditional rule of the type IF condition THEN action: when a condition is satisfied, then a particular action is performed. Format utilisé par certains auteurs pour décrire les connaissances stockées en mémoire, plus spécifiquement dans la mémoire procédurale. Une règle de production est une règle conditionnelle du type SI condition ALORS action : lorsqu'une condition est satisfaite, alors exécuter une action particulière. production rules règles de production production rule règle de production Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-01-13 Dans un réseau sémantique, un nœud correspond à un concept. In a semantic network, a node corresponds to a concept. nodes nœuds node nœud Frank Arnould Vernant, D. (2011). Introduction à la logique standard. Flammarion. 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Issue de la logique, la notion de proposition est utilisée par des chercheurs en psychologie cognitive pour caractériser un format abstrait des représentations mentales en mémoire. Une proposition est considérée comme la plus petite unité qui peut avoir une valeur de vérité, autrement dit, dont on peut dire qu'elle est soit vraie, soit fausse. Une proposition est constituée d'un prédicat (que l'on peut définir rapidement comme ce qui est nié ou bien affirmé) et un ou plusieurs arguments. The term proposition is used by researchers in cognitive psychology to refer to an abstract format of mental representations in memory. A proposition is considered to be the smallest unit that can have a truth value, that is, that can be said to be either true or false. A proposition consists of a predicate (what is denied or affirmed) and one or more arguments. propositions propositions proposition proposition Frank Arnould Goodman, N. (1955). Facts, fictions, and forecasts. Harvard University Press. http://fitelson.org/probability/goodman_fact_fiction_and_forecast.pdf Hildebrand, T. (2023). Laws of nature. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009109949 Kahana, M. J., Diamond, N. B., & Aka, A. (in press). Laws of human memory. In M. J. Kahana & A. D. Wagner (Eds.), Oxford handbook of human memory. Oxford University Press. Roediger, III, H. L. (2008). Relativity of remembering: Why the laws of memory vanished. Annual Review of Psychology, 59(1), 225-254. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.57.102904.190139 Teigen, K. H. (2002). One hundred years of laws in Psychology. The American Journal of Psychology, 115(1), 103-118. https://doi.org/10.2307/1423676 2021-08-10 2023-09-04 Empirical regularity or functional relationship established between variables, ideally universal (i.e., independent of time and space, culture), linked to more general principles and thus having explanatory power, preferably expressible in quantitative terms (Roediger, 2008; Teigen, 2002). A law must also support counterfactuals (Goodman, 1955). Régularité empirique ou relation fonctionnelle établie entre variables, idéalement universelle (c'est-à-dire, indépendante du temps et de l'espace, de la culture), prioritaire sur les observations, connectée à des principes plus généraux et ayant ainsi un pouvoir explicatif, exprimable de préférence de manière quantitative (Roediger, 2008 ; Teigen, 2002). Une loi doit également supporter des conditionnels contrefactuels (Goodman, 1955). L'existence de lois en psychologie, et en particulier dans le domaine de la mémoire, fait l'objet de débats. The existence of laws in psychology, and in particular in the field of memory, is controversial. laws lois law loi Frank Arnould Barberousse, A., Kistler, M., & Ludwig, P. (2000). La philosophie des sciences au XXe siècle. Flammarion. Frigg, R. (2022). Models and theories : A philosophical inquiry. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003285106 2017-12-04 2023-09-04 cadre théorique theoretical framework "[...] logically organized version of the discourses that scientists hold, at a given time, about the phenomena they are trying to explain." (Barberousse et al., 2000, p. 199). « […] version logiquement ordonnée des discours que tiennent les scientifiques, à un moment donné, sur les phénomènes qu’ils essaient d’expliquer. » (Barberousse et al., 2000, p. 199). cadres théoriques theoretical frameworks theories théories theory théorie Frank Arnould Surprenant, A. M., & Neath, I. (2009). Principles of memory. Psychology Press. 2021-07-15 2023-09-04 "[...] a well-established regularity that is independent of a particular task or paradigm or situation and independent or not reliant on a particular theory or theoretical orientation" (Surprenant & Neath, 2009, p. 6) « […] régularité établie, indépendante d’une tâche particulière, d’un paradigme ou d’une situation et indépendante d’une théorie particulière ou d’une orientation théorique » (Surprenant & Neath, 2009, p. 6). principes principles principe principle Frank Arnould Frigg, R. (2023). Models and theories : A philosophical inquiry. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003285106 Frigg, R., & Hartmann, S. (2020). Models in science. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2020). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2020/entries/models-science/ Frigg, R., Nguyen, J., & Zalta, E. N. (2016). Scientific representation. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2020/entries/scientific-representation/ Tiberghien, G. (1988). Modèles d’activités cognitives. In J.-P. Caverni, C. Bastien, P. Mendelsohn, & G. Tiberghien (Eds.), Psychologie cogntiive: Modèles et méthodes (pp. 13–26). PUG. 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 "Unité de représentation en science" (Frigg & Nguyen, 2016). "representational units of science" (Frigg & Nguyen, 2016). models modèles model modèle Frank Arnould 2021-06-04 2022-03-30 hypothesis hypothèse An information content entity that expresses an assertion that is intended to be tested. (source : http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0001908) Une entité de contenu d'information qui exprime une assertion destinée à être testée. (source : http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0001908 ) hypotheses hypothèses hypothèses testables testable hypotheses hypothèse testable testable hypothesis Frank Arnould Anderson, J. R., & Schooler, L. J. (1991). Reflections of the environment in memory. Psychological Science, 2(6), 396–408. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1991.tb00174.x Rubin, D. C., & Wenzel, A. E. (1996). One hundred years of forgetting: A quantitative description of retention. Psychological Review, 103(4), 734–760. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.103.4.734 Wickelgren, W. A. (1974). Single-trace fragility theory of memory dynamics. Memory & Cognition, 2(4), 775–780. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198154 Wixted, J. T., & Carpenter, S. K. (2007). The Wickelgren power law and the Ebbinghaus savings function. Psychological Science, 18(2), 133–134. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01862.x Wixted, J. T., & Ebbesen, E. B. (1991). On the form of forgetting. Psychological Science, 2(6), 409–415. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1991.tb00175.x Wixted, J. T., & Ebbesen, E. B. (1997). Genuine power curves in forgetting: A quantitative analysis of individual subject forgetting functions. Memory & Cognition, 25(5), 731–739. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211316 2021-08-11 2023-03-15 loi de puissance power law A mathematical function that describes the evolution of forgetting over time, especially the fact that forgetting is rapid after learning and slows down as time passes. It takes the form Y = at⁻ᵇ in which y is the memory performance, t is the elapsed time, b is the forgetting rate and a is a scaling parameter. Fonction mathématique permettant de décrire l’évolution de l’oubli avec le temps, tout particulièrement le fait que l'oubli est rapide après l'apprentissage et ralentit plus le temps passe. Elle est de la forme Y = at⁻ᵇ, où y représente la performance de la mémoire, t, le temps écoulé, b le taux d'oubli et a, un paramètre d'échelle. fonction de puissance loi puissance fonction puissance power function Frank Arnould McElree, B., & Dosher, B. A. (1989). Serial position and set size in short-term memory: The time course of recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 118(4), 346–373. https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-3445.118.4.346 2017-12-04 2022-03-30 speed-accuracy trade-off function Fonction décrivant la relation entre la vitesse de traitement (par exemple, le temps pour reconnaitre un item) et la précision des souvenirs (par exemple, la capacité à distinguer les items anciens des items nouveaux dans un test de reconnaissance). Lorsque le temps de traitement est extrêmement court, la précision est mauvaise puis s'améliore au fur et à mesure qu'il s'allonge jusqu'à atteindre une asymptote. Function describing the relationship between the speed of processing (for example, the time to recognize an item) and memory accuracy (e.g,, the ability to distinguish old items from new items in a recognition test). SAT function fonction SAT Frank Arnould Bousfield, W. A., & Sedgewick, C. H. W. (1944). An analysis of sequences of restricted associative responses. Journal of General Psychology, 30(2), 149–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.1944.10544467 2017-12-04 2022-04-07 A function describing the cumulative recall of items as a function of time, showing that the recall rate is higher at the beginning of the recall period and then slows down. Fonction décrivant le rappel cumulé d'items en fonction du temps. Elle indique que le taux de rappel est plus élevé au début de la période de rappel puis ralentit. cumulative recall function fonction cumulative du rappel Vaswani, A., Shazeer, N., Parmar, N., Uszkoreit, J., Jones, L., Gomez, A. N., Kaiser, L., & Polosukhin, I. (2017). Attention is all you need. arXiv:1706.03762 [cs]. http://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762 2023-03-30 Frank Arnould Bhatia, S., & Richie, R. (in press). Transformer networks of human conceptual knowledge. Psychological Review. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000319 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 Informatics Informatique modèle auto-attentif modèle d'auto-attention self-attention model transformer transformer network transformer neural network "sequence transduction model based entirely on attention, replacing the recurrent layers most commonly used in encoder-decoder architectures with multi-headed self-attention." (Vaswani et al., 2017, p. 10). « modèle de transduction de séquences entièrement basé sur l'attention, remplaçant les couches récurrentes les plus couramment utilisées dans les architectures encodeur-décodeur par l'auto-attention multi-têtes. » (Vaswani et al., 2017, p. 10). transformer networks transformer neural networks transformers transformeurs transformer transformeur Derby, S., Miller, P., & Devereux, B. (2019). Feature2Vec: Distributional semantic modelling of human property knowledge (arXiv:1908.11439). arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1908.11439 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-13 Informatics Informatique Psychologie Psychology Homme Human "a computational framework that combines information from human-elicited property knowledge and information from distributional word embeddings, allowing us to exploit the strengths and advantages of both approaches. Feature2Vec maps human property norms onto a pretrained vector space model of word meaning. The embedding of feature-based information in the pretrained embedding space makes it possible to rank the relevance of features using cosine similarity" (Derby et al., 2019). Adaptation de Word2Vec pour la modélisation des concepts en intégrant dans un même espace sémantique distributionnel les connaissances humaines sur les traits conceptuels. Feature2Vec Feature2Vec Frank Arnould Hebb, D. O. (1949). The organization of behavior: A neuropsychological theory. Wiley. 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 Hebbian learning apprentissage hebbien Learning rule in a neural network: when neurons are activated simultaneously, the synapses between these neurons are reinforced. Règle d'apprentissage dans un réseau de neurones : quand des neurones sont activés en même temps, les synapses entre ces neurones sont renforcées. apprentissages hebbiens Hebb's rule règle de Hebb Frank Arnould Abdi, H. (1994). Les réseaux de neurones. Presses Universitaires de Grenoble. Rumelhart, D. E., Hinton, G. E., & Williams, R. J. (1986). Learning internal representations by error propagation. In D. E. Rumelhart & J. L. McClelland (Eds.), Parallel distributed processing. Vol. 1: Foundations (pp. 318–362). MIT Press. 2021-08-30 2023-09-04 règle delta généralisée rétropropagation du gradient d’erreur Learning rule in multilayer artificial neural networks. The error of the output neurons is propagated backwards through the layers of the network and the synaptic weights are fitted. Règle d’apprentissage dans les réseaux de neurones artificiels multicouches. L’erreur des neurones de sortie est propagée vers l’arrière dans les couches du réseau et les poids sont ajustés. rétro-propagation backpropagation rétropropagation Frank Arnould Pennington, J., Socher, R., & Manning, C. (2014). GloVe : Global vectors for word representation. Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), 1532‑1543. https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/D14-116 2021-06-09 Kumar, A. A. (2021). Semantic memory : A review of methods, models, and current challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(1), 40‑80. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01792-x [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-09-04 Global Vector for Word Representation Algorithme d'apprentissage non supervisé pour le plongement lexical qui repose sur la factorisation d'une matrice mots-contextes. Unsupervised learning algorithm for word embeddings that relies on the factorization of a word-context matrix. GloVe GloVe Frank Arnould Bellissens, C., Thérouanne, P., & Denhière, G. (2004). Deux modèles vectoriels de la mémoire sémantique: Description, théorie et perspectives. Le Langage et l’homme, 39(2), 101–121. Jhean-Larose, S., & Denhière, G. (2019). Mémoire et langage : Apports de l’« Analyse de la Sémantique Latente » à l’étude du développement. Enfance, N° 3(3), 395‑411. Landauer, T. K., & Dumais, S. T. (1997). A solution to Plato’s problem: The latent semantic analysis theory of acquisition, induction, and representation of knowledge. Psychological review, 104(2), 211–240. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.104.2.211 Landauer, T. K., Foltz, P. W., & Laham, D. (1998). An introduction to latent semantic analysis. Discourse processes, 25(2-3), 259–284. Lemaire, B., & Dessus, P. (2003). Modèles cognitifs issus de l’Analyse de la sémantique latente. Cahiers Romans de sciences cognitives, 1(1), 55–74. 2017-12-04 2021-09-16 LSA analyse de la sémantique latente latent semantic indexing Méthode statistique qui identifie les composants sémantiques sous-jacents des mots. Elle repose sur l'idée que les mots d'un corpus de textes apparaissant dans les mêmes contextes linguistiques ont des significations similaires. Statistical method that identifies semantic components underlying words. It is based on the idea that words in a corpus of texts that co-occur in the same contexts have similar meanings. analyse sémantique latente latent semantic analysis Frank Arnould Iordan, M. C., Giallanza, T., Ellis, C. T., Beckage, N. M., & Cohen, J. D. (2022). Context matters : Recovering human semantic structure from machine learning analysis of large-scale text corpora. Cognitive Science, 46(2), e13085. https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.13085 Mikolov, T., Chen, K., Corrado, G., & Dean, J. (2013). Efficient estimation of word representations in vector space. ArXiv:1301.3781 [Cs]. http://arxiv.org/abs/1301.3781 2021-06-09 Kumar, A. A. (2021). Semantic memory : A review of methods, models, and current challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(1), 40‑80. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01792-x [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-09-04 Algorithm for word embeddings using a neural network with a hidden layer. The CBOW (continuous-bag-of-words) technique predicts a word based on its context. The skip-gram technique predicts the context of a word. Algorithme pour le plongement de mots utilisant un réseau de neurones avec une couche cachée. La technique CBOW (continuous-bag-of-words) permet de prédire un mot en fonction de son contexte. La technique skip-gram permet de prédire le contexte d'un mot. word2vec word2vec Frank Arnould Durán, J. M. (2020). What is a simulation model? Minds and Machines, 30(3), 301‑323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-020-09520-z 2017-12-04 2022-01-11 computational modeling computational modelling modèle de simulation modèle quantitatif quantitative model simulation model Logical, mathematical or statistical model for describing or simulating cognitive activities. Modèle logique, mathématique ou statistique permettant de décrire ou simuler des activités cognitives. computational models modèles computationnels modèles de simulation modèles quantitatifs quantitative models simulation models computational model modèle computationnel Frank Arnould Osgood, C. E. (1949). The similarity paradox in human learning: a resolution. Psychological Review, 56(3), 132-143. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0057488 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 A three-dimensional graphical representation of transfer and retroactive interference as a function of stimulus similarity and response similarity between lists. Représentation graphique en trois dimensions du niveau de transfert et d'interférence rétroactive en fonction de la similarité des stimuli et de la similarité des réponses entre listes. surface de transfert et de rétroaction transfer and retroaction surface 2022-08-19 Frank Arnould Brewer, N., Lucas, C., Sauer, J., & Palmer, M. (2021). Measuring the relationship between eyewitness identification confidence and accuracy. In A. M. Smith, M. P. Toglia, & J. M. Lampinen (Eds.), Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks (pp. 234–256). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003138105-14 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Mickes, L. (2015). Receiver operating characteristic analysis and confidence–accuracy characteristic analysis in investigations of system variables and estimator variables that affect eyewitness memory. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 4(2), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2015.01.003 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Wixted, J. T., & Wells, G. L. (2017). The relationship between eyewitness confidence and identification accuracy: A new synthesis. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 18(1), 10–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100616686966 [Document type: literature review / Access: free] 2023-04-03 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human CAC curve courbe CAC A curve that indicates the relationship between the level of confidence that eyewitnesses express about the identification of a suspect and the accuracy of the identification (by taking into account the number of correct identification of a guilty suspect and the number of incorrect identification of an innocent suspect). Courbe permettant d’évaluer la relation entre le niveau de confiance qu’expriment des témoins oculaires à propos de l’identification d’un suspect et la précision de l’identification (en prenant en compte le nombre d’identifications correctes d’un suspect coupable et le nombre d’identifications incorrectes d’un suspect innocent). confidence-accuracy characteristic curve courbe caractéristique confiance-exactitude Murre, J. M. J. (2021, December 3). Ebbinghaus (1880) Replication. https://osf.io/6kfrp Frank Arnould Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/2010). La mémoire : recherches de psychologie experimentale (trad. S. Nicolas). L'harmattan. Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/1913). Memory: A contribution to experimental psychology. Columbia University. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Ebbinghaus/index.htm Fisher, J. S., & Radvansky, G. A. (2018). Patterns of forgetting. Journal of Memory and Language, 102, 130–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2018.05.008 Fisher, J. S., & Radvansky, G. A. (2019). Linear forgetting. Journal of Memory and Language, 108, 104035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2019.104035 Heller, O., Mack, W., & Seitz, J. (1991). Replikation der Ebbinghaus'schen Vergessenskurve mit der Ersparnismethode : «Das Behalten und Vergessen als Funktion der Zeit», 199(1), 3–18. Murre, J. M. J., & Dros, J. (2015). Replication and analysis of Ebbinghaus’ forgetting curve. PLOS ONE, 10(7), e0120644. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120644 Radvansky, G. A., Doolen, A. C., Pettijohn, K. A., & Ritchey, M. (2022). A new look at memory retention and forgetting. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48(11), 1698–1723. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001110 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 Heller, O., Mack, W., & Seitz, J. (1991). Replikation der Ebbinghaus'schen Vergessenskurve mit der Ersparnismethode : «Das Behalten und Vergessen als Funktion der Zeit», 199(1), 3–18. Murre, J. M. J., & Dros, J. (2015). Replication and analysis of Ebbinghaus’ forgetting curve. PLOS ONE, 10(7), e0120644. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0120644 courbe de rétention fonction de rétention retention curve retention function Courbe montrant l’évolution de l’oubli avec le temps. Curve representing the evolution of forgetting over time. courbe d'oubli courbes d'oubli courbes de rétention fonctions de rétention forgetting curves retention curves retention functions courbe d’oubli forgetting curve Frank Arnould 2021-06-02 Eakin, D. K., & Moss, J. (2019). The methodology of metamemory and metacomprehension. In H. Otani & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in human memory (p. 125‑153). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Courbe croisant la performance de la mémoire et le niveau de confiance que les sujets attribuent à leur performance mnésique. La courbe obtenue est comparée à la diagonale, qui représente le calibrage parfait. Une courbe située sous la diagonale indique un excès de confiance dans sa mémoire. Une courbe au-dessus de la diagonale indique un manque de confiance dans sa mémoire (d'après Eakin & Moss, 2019). Curve plotting memory performance against the level of confidence that subjects attribute to their memory performance. The curve obtained is compared to the diagonal, which represents a perfect calibration. A curve below the diagonal indicates a tendency to be overconfident in one's memory. A curve above the diagonal indicates underconfidence in one's memory (after Eakin & Moss, 2019). calibration curve courbe de calibrage Frank Arnould Anzanello, M., & Fogliatto, F. (2011). Learning curve models and applications: Literature review and research directions. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics - INT J IND ERGONOMIC, 41, 573–583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2011.05.001 Bills, A. G. (1934). General experimental psychology. Longmans, Green and co. Bryan, W. L., & Harter, N. (1897). Studies in the physiology and psychology of the telegraphic language. Psychological Review, 4(1), 27–53. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0073806 Ritter, F. E., & Schooler, L. J. (2001). Learning curve, the. In N. J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (pp. 8602–8605). https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/01480-7 2017-12-04 2022-03-30 acquisition curve courbe d'acquisition Graphical representation of learning evolution as a result of practice. Représentation graphique de l'évolution d'un apprentissage avec la pratique. acquisition curves courbes d'acquisition courbes d'apprentissage learning curves courbe d'apprentissage learning curve Frank Arnould Deese, J., & Kaufman, R. A. (1957). Serial effects in recall of unorganized and sequentially organized verbal material. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 54(3), 180–187. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040536 Jahnke, J. C. (1963). Serial position effects in immediate serial recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 2(3), 284–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(63)80095-X Murdock, B. B. Jr. (1962). The serial position effect of free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 64(5), 482–488. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045106 Robinson, E. S., & Brown, M. A. (1926). Effect of serial position upon memorization. The American Journal of Psychology, 37(4), 538‑552. https://doi.org/10.2307/1414914 2021-07-15 2023-09-04 Courbe représentant la performance du rappel en fonction de la position des items dans la liste d’étude. Curve indicating recall performance as a function of item position in the study list. courbes de position sérielle serial position curves courbe de position sérielle serial position curve Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Koen, J. D., Barrett, F. S., Harlow, I. M., & Yonelinas, A. P. (2017). The ROC Toolbox: A toolbox for analyzing receiver-operating characteristics derived from confidence ratings. Behavior Research Methods, 49(4), 1399–1406. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-016-0796-z [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Yonelinas, A. P., & Parks, C. M. (2007). Receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) in recognition memory: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 133(5), 800-832. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.5.800 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 MOC function ROC function courbe caractéristique de fonctionnement du récepteur courbe caractéristique de la mémoire fonction MOC fonction ROC fonction d’efficacité du récepteur fonction isomnémonique isomnemonic function memory operating characteristics receiver operating characteristic curve réponse conservatrice réponse libérale Dans les expériences de reconnaissance, courbe croisant la proportion cumulative de reconnaissances correctes avec la proportion cumulative de fausses alarmes en fonction des différents niveaux d’un critère de réponse (le plus souvent, en fonction de différents niveaux de confiance subjective des sujets dans leurs réponses). In recognition experiments, curve crossing the cumulative proportion of correct recognition with the cumulative proportion of false alarms for the different levels of response criteria (most often, according to various subjective confidence levels of the subjects in their responses ). MOC functions ROC curves ROC functions ROC functions courbes ROC fonctions MOC fonctions ROC fonctions d’efficacité du récepteur fonctions isomnémoniques isomnemonic functions receiver operating characteristic curves réponses conservatrices réponses libérales ROC curve courbe ROC De Landsheere, G. (1979). Dictionnaire de l’évaluation et de la recherche en éduction. Presses Universitaires de France. Juslin, P., Olsson, N., & Winman, A. (1996). Calibration and diagnosticity of confidence in eyewitness identification: Comments on what can be inferred from the low confidence–accuracy correlation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22(5), 1304–1316. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.22.5.1304 Olsson, N. (2000). A comparison of correlation, calibration, and diagnosticity as measures of the confidence–accuracy relationship in witness identification. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(4), 504–511. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.85.4.504 2023-03-13 2023-03-17 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques coefficient de corrélation bisérielle de point corrélation bisériale de point corrélation bisérielle de point Correlation between a dichotomous variable (e.g., identification or not of a suspect in a police lineup) and a quantitative variable whose values are considered as separate points (e.g., a confidence scale) (after De Landsheere, 1979). Corrélation entre une variable dichotomique (par exemple l’identification ou non d’un suspect dans un tapissage de police) et une variable quantitative dont les valeurs sont considérées comme des points séparés (par exemple, une échelle demandant à un témoin d’évaluer la confiance dans ses jugements) (d’après De landsheere, 1979). coefficient de corrélation bisériale de point point-biserial correlation coefficient Frank Arnould 2021-06-01 2023-09-04 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques Psychologie Psychology Percent of correct responses in a free or cued recall task. Pourcentage de bonnes réponses dans une tâche de rappel libre ou indicé. percent correct recall pourcentage de rappels corrects Frank Arnould Abdi, H. (1994). Les réseaux de neurones. Presses Universitaires de Grenoble. Rumelhart, D. E., Hinton, G. E., & McClelland, J. L. (1986). A general framework for parallel distributed processing. In D. E. Rumelhart & J. L. McClelland (Eds.), Parallel distributed processing (Vol. 1, pp. 45–76). http://cognet.mit.edu.insb.bib.cnrs.fr/pdfviewer/book/9780262291408/chap2 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 Dans les modèles connexionnistes, le poids représente la valeur de la force de connexion entre deux neurones. In connectionist models, the weight represents the value of the connection strength between two neurons. poids synaptiques synaptic weights poids synaptique synaptic weight Mak, M. H. (2022, April 5). Lexical connectivity effects in immediate serial recall of words. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/9KWYP Frank Arnould Mak, M. H., Hsiao, Y., & Nation, K. (2021)). Lexical connectivity effects in immediate serial recall of words. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 47(12), 1971–1997. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001089 2022-01-04 2023-09-04 « nombre d'associés d'un mot en association libre » (Mak et al., 2021, p. 1971). “number of associates a word has in free association” (Mak et al., 2021, p. 1971). centralité de degré degree centrality Frank Arnould 2021-06-02 Saraiva, R. B., Hope, L., Horselenberg, R., Ost, J., Sauer, J. D., & van Koppen, P. J. (2020). Using metamemory measures and memory tests to estimate eyewitness free recall performance. Memory, 28(1), 94‑106. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1688835 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-03-13 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques ANRI ANRI "The Adjusted Normalized Resolution Index (ANRI) represents how well confidence discriminates accurate from inaccurate responses, with higher values indicating better discrimination." (Saraiva et al., 2020, p. 95). Mesure représentant la capacité que possède la confiance dans sa mémoire à distinguer les réponses exactes des réponses inexactes dans une tâche de mémoire, les valeurs plus élevées indiquant une meilleure discrimination. Adapté de Saraiva et al. (2020). adjusted normalized resolution index indice de résolution normalisé ajusté Frank Arnould De Landsheere, G. (1979). Dictionnaire de l’évaluation et de la recherche en éduction. Presses Universitaires de France. Fleming, S. M., & Lau, H. C. (2014). How to measure metacognition. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00443 Nelson, T. O. (1984). A comparison of current measures of the accuracy of feeling-of-knowing predictions. Psychological Bulletin, 95(1), 109–133. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.95.1.109 2022-04-06 2023-03-13 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques coefficient de corrélation de point coefficient phi fourfold point correlation coefficient phi coefficient « Indice de la corrélation entre deux variables dichotomiques » (De Landsheere, 1979, p. 45). “An index of the correlation between two dichotomous variables“ De Landsheere, 1979, p. 45). coefficient de corrélation phi phi correlation coefficient Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Banks, W. P. (1970). Signal detection theory and human memory. Psychological Bulletin, 74(2), 81-99. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029531 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-03-14 d prime d prime d' score score d' Dans la théorie de la détection du signal appliquée à la reconnaissance, l'indice d' permet d'évaluer la capacité du sujet à distinguer les items anciens (étudiés) des items nouveaux. Il s'agit donc d'un indice de discrimination correspondant à la distance entre la moyenne de la distribution de familiarité des items anciens moins celle des items nouveaux, divisée par l’écart-type de la distribution des items nouveaux. Plus l’indice est élevé, plus les items anciens sont distingués des items nouveaux. In signal detection theory applied to recognition, the index is used to assess the subject's ability to distinguish old (studied) from new items. It is therefore an index of discrimination corresponding to the distance between the mean of the distribution of familiarity of old items minus that of new items, divided by the standard deviation of the distribution of new items. The higher the index, the more old items are distinguished from new items. d' index indice d' Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 délai de rétention retention delay Intervalle séparant la phase d'acquisition d'un matériel de la phase de test de la mémoire. Temporal interval between study phase and the test of memory. délais de rétention intervalles de rétention retention delays retention intervals intervalle de rétention retention interval Frank Arnould Hurlstone, M. J., Hitch, G. J., & Baddeley, A. D. (2014). Memory for serial order across domains: An overview of the literature and directions for future research. Psychological Bulletin, 140(2), 339–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034221 2017-12-04 2021-08-09 Dans une tâche de rappel sériel, probabilité des erreurs de transposition en fonction du déplacement de l'item par rapport à sa position correcte. In a serial recall task, probability of transposition errors depending on the location of the item relative to its correct position. gradient de transposition transposition gradient Frank Arnould Benjamin, A. S., & Diaz, M. (2008). Measurement of relative metamnemonic accuracy. In J. Dunlosky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Handbook of metamemory and memory (pp. 73–94). Psychology Press. Fleming, S. M., & Lau, H. C. (2014). How to measure metacognition. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00443 Goodman, L. A., & Kruskal, W. H. (1954). Measures of association for cross classifications. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 49, 732–764. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-9995-0_1 Masson, M. E. J., & Rotello, C. M. (2009). Sources of bias in the Goodman–Kruskal gamma coefficient measure of association: Implications for studies of metacognitive processes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 35(2), 509–527. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014876 Nelson, T. O. (1984). A comparison of current measures of the accuracy of feeling-of-knowing predictions. Psychological Bulletin, 95(1), 109–133. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.95.1.109 Spellman, B. A., Bloomfield, A., & Bjork, R. A. (2008). Measuring memory and metamemory. In J. Dunlosky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Handbook of metamemory and memory (pp. 95–114). Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203805503.ch6 2022-04-06 2023-03-13 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques G coefficient coefficient G corrélation gamma gamma correlation A nonparametric measure of association between two ordinal variables, ranging from -1 to +1. Mesure non paramétrique de l'association entre deux variables ordinales, variant de - 1 à +1. Goodman-Kruskal gamma correlation coefficient coefficient de corrélation gamma de Goodman-Kruskal Frank Arnould Donders, F. C. (1868/1969). On the speed of mental processes. Acta Psychologica, 30, 412–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6918(69)90065-1 2018-11-06 2022-03-30 analyse chronométrique chronometric analysis chronométrie mentale mental chronometry Désigne les mesures temporelles des processus cognitifs et comportementaux. Refers to temporal measures of cognitive and behavioural processes. analyses chronométriques chronometric analyses chronometry chronométrie Frank Arnould Coquin-Viennot, D. (1975). Recherche d’une organisation interne dans un ensemble de données. L’année Psychologique, 75(2), 575–597. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1975.28113 Roenker, D. L., Thompson, C. P., & Brown, S. C. (1971). Comparison of measures for the estimation of clustering in free recall. Psychological Bulletin, 76(1), 45–48. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031355 Senkova, O., & Otani, H. (2012). Category clustering calculator for free recall. Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 8(4), 292–295. https://doi.org/10.5709/acp-0124-y 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques Adjusted Ratio of Clustering Measurement of item clustering by semantic categories in free recall. The ARC scores range from -1 to +1, where 0 indicates a chance-level clustering, and +1 indicates a perfect clustering. Mesure du regroupement des items par catégorie sémantique en rappel libre. Les scores ARC varient de -1 à +1, un score de 0 indiquant un niveau de regroupement qui n’est pas différent de celui attendu par le seul hasard et un score de +1 indiquant un regroupement parfait. ARC index indice ARC Frank Arnould Smith, J. D., & Minda, J. P. (2001). Journey to the center of the category: The dissociation in amnesia between categorization and recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27(4), 984-1002. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.27.4.984 Smith, J. D., & Minda, J. P. (2002). Distinguishing prototype-based and exemplar-based processes in dot-pattern category learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(4), 800-811. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.28.4.800 2017-12-04 2022-03-07 Classement des concepts d’une catégorie en fonction de leur degré de typicalité. Classification of concepts in a category based on their degree of typicality. gradient de typicalité typicality gradient Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 SOA asynchronie d’apparition du stimulus asynchronie d’installation du stimulus Temps séparant le début d’un stimulus du début du stimulus qui lui succède. The time elapsed between the onset of a stimulus and the onset of the next stimulus. asynchronie de début de stimulation asynchronie du début du stimulus stimulus-onset asynchrony Frank Arnould 2021-09-15 Lindsay, R. C., & Wells, G. L. (1985). Improving eyewitness identifications from lineups : Simultaneous versus sequential lineup presentation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 70(3), 556‑564. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.70.3.556 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques Psychologie Psychology rapport de diagnosticité A measure corresponding to the ratio between the correct suspect identifications and the mistaken (innocent) suspect identifications. Dans les recherches sur l'identification de suspects par des témoins oculaires, mesure correspondant au rapport entre les identifications correctes de suspects coupables et les identifications erronées de suspects innocents. diagnosticity ratio ratio de diagnosticité Padilla, L. (2019, October 22). Toward Objective Evaluation of Working Memory in Visualizations: A Case Study Using Pupillometry and a Dual-Task Paradigm. https://osf.io/6u8em/ Robison, M. K., & Unsworth, N. (2018, October 22). Pupillometry tracks fluctuations in working memory performance. https://osf.io/vuw9h/ Wilschut, T., & Mathot, S. (2021, October 19). Interactions Between Visual Working Memory, Attention, and Color Categories: a Pupillometry Study. https://osf.io/qksfh/ Frank Arnould El Haj, M., Janssen, S. M. J., Lenoble, Q., Robin, F., & Gallouj, K. (2022). The eyes of the past: Larger pupil size for autobiographical memories retrieved from field perspective. Neurological Sciences, 43(1), 661–666. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05297-w Goldinger, S. D., & Papesh, M. H. (2012). Pupil dilation reflects the creation and retrieval of memories. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 21(2), 90-95. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721412436811 Mathôt, S., & Vilotijević, A. (in press). Methods in cognitive pupillometry: Design, preprocessing, and statistical analysis. Behavior Research Methods. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-022-01957-7 Sirois, S., & Brisson, J. (2014). Pupillometry. WIREs Cognitive Science, 5(6), 679–692. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1323 Taikh, A., & Bodner, G. E. (2022). Pupil dilation during recognition reflects the subjective recollection/familiarity experience at test rather than the level of processing at encoding. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000283 2017-12-04 2022-09-02 diamètre pupillaire dilatation pupillaire pupil change pupil diameter pupil dilatation pupil dilation Measurement of pupil dilation. The pupil dilates during a cognitive effort, and so pupillometry is used by some research teams as an index of memory processes. Mesure de la dilatation de la pupille. La pupille se dilatant au cours d'un effort cognitif, la pupillométrie est utilisée par certaines équipes de recherche comme un indice de processus mnésiques. pupil changes pupil diameters pupil dilatations pupillary pupillometry pupillométrie Frank Arnould Barrett, A. B., Dienes, Z., & Seth, A. K. (2013). Measures of metacognition on signal-detection theoretic models. Psychological Methods, 18(4), 535–552. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033268 Maniscalco, B., & Lau, H. (2012). A signal detection theoretic approach for estimating metacognitive sensitivity from confidence ratings. Consciousness and Cognition, 21(1), 422–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2011.09.021 Maniscalco, B., & Lau, H. (2014). Signal detection theory analysis of Type 1 and Type 2 data: Meta-d′, response-specific meta-d′, and the unequal variance SDT model. In S. M. Fleming & C. D. Frith (Eds.), The Cognitive Neuroscience of Metacognition (pp. 25–66). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45190-4_3 2022-04-06 2023-09-04 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques Probability / Statistics A measure of metacognitive sensitivity based on signal detection theory. Mesure de la sensibilité métacognitive basée sur la théorie de la détection du signal. meta-d' méta-d' Frank Arnould Gathercole, S. E., Frankish, C. R., Pickering, S. J., & Peaker, S. (1999). Phonotactic influences on short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25(1), 84‑95. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.25.1.84 2017-12-04 2022-03-30 Frequency of occurrence of a phoneme combination in a language. Fréquence d’apparition d’une combinaison de phonèmes dans une langue. For example, Gathercole et al. (1999) showed in 7- to 8-year-olds that short-term serial recall is better for non-words containing frequent phoneme combinations in English than for less frequent combinations. Gathercole et al. (1999) ont montré, chez des enfants de 7 à 8 ans, que le rappel sériel à court terme est meilleur pour des non-mots contenant des combinaisons de phonèmes fréquentes en anglais que pour des combinaisons moins fréquentes. fréquence phonotactique phonotactic frequency Frank Arnould Manoochehri, M. (2021). Up to the magical number seven : An evolutionary perspective on the capacity of short term memory. Heliyon, 7(5), e06955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06955 Oberauer, K., Farrell, S., Jarrold, C., & Lewandowsky, S. (2016). What limits working memory capacity? Psychological Bulletin, 142(7), 758–799. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000046 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 capacité de stockage limited capacity storage memorial capacity storage capacity Nombre d’éléments ou de groupes d’éléments que la mémoire (à court terme, en général) peut contenir. The number of items or chunks of items that can be stored in memory (usually in short-term memory). capacités de stockage capacité de la mémoire memory capacity Murre, J. M. J. (2022, June 16). Savings is a “pure” measure of memory. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/XTFND Frank Arnould Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/1913). Memory: A contribution to experimental psychology. Columbia University. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Ebbinghaus/index.htm Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/2010). La mémoire : recherches de psychologie experimentale (trad. S. Nicolas). L'harmattan. Murre, J. M. J., & Chessa, A. G. (2023). Why Ebbinghaus’ savings method from 1885 is a very ‘pure’ measure of memory performance. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 30(1), 303‑307. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-022-02172-3 Nelson, T. O. (1985). Ebbinghaus’s contribution to the measurement of retention: Savings during relearning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 11(3), 472–479. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.11.3.472 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Method developed by Hermann Ebbinghaus (1885), consisting in comparing the relearning of a material with its initial learning. Méthode élaborée par Hermann Ebbinghaus (1885). Elle consiste à comparer le réapprentissage d'un matériel avec son apprentissage initial. Le pourcentage d'économie se calcule de la façon suivante : % E = (Ei - Er/Ei) X 100, où Ei est le nombre d'essais de l'apprentissage initial et Er, le nombre d'essais du réapprentissage. Le nombre d'essais peut être remplacé par la durée de l'apprentissage et du réapprentissage. L’économie permet donc de mesurer la rétention d’un matériel en fonction du nombre d’essais ou du temps nécessaire pour le réapprendre. méthode d'économie saving method Frank Arnould Olsson, N. (2000). A comparison of correlation, calibration, and diagnosticity as measures of the confidence–accuracy relationship in witness identification. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(4), 504–511. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.85.4.504 2017-12-04 2023-03-13 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques Probability / Statistics calibrage Ensemble de méthodes statistiques permettant d’étudier la relation entre le niveau de confiance que des personnes attribuent à leurs souvenirs avec la performance réelle de leur mémoire. Statistical methods to study the relationship between the level of confidence that people attribute to their memories with the actual performance of their memory. calibration calibration Frank Arnould Hodos, W. (1970). Nonparametric index of response bias for use in detection and recognition experiments. Psychological Bulletin, 74(5), 351‑354. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029933 2022-03-10 2023-09-04 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques B prime prime B" index indice B" Dans la théorie de la détection du signal, mesure nonparamétrique du biais de réponse. In signal detection theory, nonparametric measure of response bias. B" measure mesure B" Frank Arnould Pollack, I., & Norman, D. A. (1964). A non-parametric analysis of recognition experiments. Psychonomic Science, 1(1‑12), 125‑126. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03342823 Stanislaw, H., & Todorov, N. (1999). Calculation of signal detection theory measures. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 31(1), 137‑149. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03207704 2021-07-15 2023-09-04 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques Dans la théorie de la détection du signal, mesure non paramétrique de la sensibilité. In signal detection theory, non-parametric measure of sensitivity. A' measure mesure A' Lampinen, J. M., Smith, A. M., & Toglia, M. P. (2021). Eyewitness memory: The next 40 years. In A. M. Smith, M. P. Toglia, & J. M. Lampinen (Eds.), Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks (pp. 377–389). Routledge. 2022-08-23 Frank Arnould 2023-03-21 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques Psychologie Psychology Homme Human PPV VPP probative value valeur probante « Rapport entre les identifications correctes de suspects et toutes les identifications de suspects (correctes et incorrectes). » (Lampinen et al., 2021, p. 381). “Ratio of correct suspect identifications to all suspect identifications (both correct and incorrect).“ (Lampinen et al., 2021, p. 381). positive predictive value valeur prédictive positive Frank Arnould 2022-03-10 Banks, W. P. (1970). Signal detection theory and human memory. Psychological Bulletin, 74(2), 81-99. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029531 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques Psychologie Psychology beta index beta measure indice bêta mesure bêta mesure β β measure Dans la théorie de la détection du signal, mesure du biais de réponse. In signal detection theory, measure of response bias. indice β β index Frank Arnould Goranson, R. E., & Theodor, L. H. (1970). Optimal percent correct measures in recognition memory. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 31(3), 848‑848. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1970.31.3.848 2021-06-01 2023-09-04 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques Psychologie Psychology pourcentage de bonnes reconnaissances Dans une tâche de reconnaissance, « proportion du nombre total d'items anciens et nouveaux correctement identifiés. » (Goranson & Thodor, 1970, p. 848). In a recognition task, "proportion of the total number of items (old and new) correctly identified." (Goranson & Thodor, 1970, p. 848). percent correct recognition pourcentage de reconnaissances correctes Frank Arnould McConkie, G. W., & Rayner, K. (1975). The span of the effective stimulus during a fixation in reading. Perception & Psychophysics, 17(6), 578–586. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03203972 McConkie, G. W., & Rayner, K. (1976). Asymmetry of the perceptual span in reading. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 8(5), 365–368. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03335168 2017-12-04 2022-03-07 champ de vision effective empan visuel field of effective vision visual span Nombre d'éléments qu'une personne est capable de percevoir après un temps d'exposition très court (quelques millisecondes). Number of items that a person is able to perceive after a very short exposure time (a few milliseconds). empan perceptif perceptual span Frank Arnould Kenett, Y. N., Levi, E., Anaki, D., & Faust, M. (2017). The semantic distance task: Quantifying semantic distance with semantic network path length. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43(9), 1470–1489. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000391 Rips, L. J., Shoben, E. J., & Smith, E. E. (1973). Semantic distance and the verification of semantic relations. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 12(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(73)80056-8 2017-12-04 2022-03-07 parenté sémantique semantic relatedness semantic similarity similarité sémantique Measure of relatedness between concepts in semantic memory. Mesure de la parenté entre concepts en mémoire sémantique. distances sémantiques semantic distances semantic similarities similarités sémantiques distance sémantique semantic distance Frank Arnould 2021-06-04 2023-09-04 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques Psychologie Psychology cHR Difference between hit rate and false alarm rate (hit rate - false alarm rate). Différence entre le taux de détections correctes et le taux de fausses alarmes. corrected hit probability probabilité corrigée de détections correctes Frank Arnould Horner, A. J., & Burgess, N. (2013). The associative structure of memory for multi-element events. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 142(4), 1370-1383. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033626 2020-06-12 2022-03-07 Measurement of the “probability of successfully retrieving one element from an event should be related to the probability of successfully retrieving another element from the same event.“ (Horner & Burgess, 2013, p. 1370). Mesure de la « probabilité que la récupération réussie d’un élément est reliée à la probabilité de récupération réussie d’un autre élément du même évènement. » (Horner & Burgess, 2013, p. 1370-1383) retrieval dependency récupération dépendante Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 Indice de récupération qui n'a pas été présenté lors de la phase d'étude. Retrieval cue not presented during the study phase. extra-list cues indices hors-liste extra-list cue indice hors-liste Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 Indice de récupération qui a été présenté au cours de la phase d'étude avec les items cibles à récupérer. Retrieval cue presented during the study phase. indices intra-liste intra-list cues indice intra-liste intra-list cue Frank Arnould Cleary, A. M., Otani, H., & Schwartz, B. L. (2019). Dependent measures in memory research: From free recall to recognition. In Handbook of research methods in human memory (pp. 19–35). Routledge. 2017-12-04 2022-03-31 A form of recall task: a cue is presented and the subject is asked to retrieve the associated information from memory. Type de tâche de rappel : un indice est présenté et le sujet doit récupérer en mémoire l’information associée. cued recall cued recall tasks rappel indicé rappels indicés tâches de rappel indicé cued recall task tâche de rappel indicé Frank Arnould Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (1990). Normal aging and prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(4), 717–726. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.16.4.717 Laera, G., Borghese, F., Hering, A., Kliegel, M., & Mioni, G. (in press). Aging and time-based prospective memory in the laboratory: A meta-analysis on age-related differences and possible explanatory factors. Memory, https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2191901 2017-12-04 2023-03-30 mémoire prospective basée sur le temps mémoire prospective fondée sur le temps time-cued prospective memory En mémoire prospective, le terme désigne la récupération d’une intention programmée qui est déclenchée par un indice temporel (horaire ou après un certain temps écoulé). In prospective memory, the term refers to the retrieval of an intention that is triggered by a temporal cue (after an elapsed time or at a specific time). mémoire prospective temporelle time-based prospective memory Frank Arnould Blaxton, T. A. (1989). Investigating dissociations among memory measures : Support for a transfer-appropriate processing framework. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(4), 657–668. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.15.4.657 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 graphemic cued recall test test de rappel indicé graphémique A cued recall task in which the words presented as cues during the recall test are physically similar to, but have no meaning in common with, the words being studied.(e.g., eager and eagle). Les mots présentés comme indice pendant le test de rappel sont physiquement ressemblants aux mots étudiés, mais ne partagent aucun sens avec eux (par exemple, point et poing). graphemic cued recall task tâche de rappel indicé graphémique Frank Arnould Slamecka, N.J. (1968). An examination of trace storage in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 76(4, Pt.1), 504-513. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0025695 Slamecka, N.J. (1969). Testing for associative storage in multitrial free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 81(3), 557-560. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027909 2017-12-04 2022-03-16 paradigme d'indiçage partiel part-list cuing paradigm part-list cuing task tâche de repérage de liste partiel Experimental paradigm in which subjects are asked to study items and then use some of these items as cues to recall the other items. The memory of the remaining items is then impaired. Part-list cueing thus shows that retrieval cues do not always have a facilitating effect on memory. This effect has been demonstrated for words (related or not) as well as for images. Paradigme expérimental consistant à demander aux sujets d'étudier des items puis d'utiliser une partie de ces items comme indices pour rappeler les autres items. La mémoire des items restants est alors détériorée. L'indiçage partiel montre donc que des indices de récupération n'ont pas toujours un effet facilitateur sur la mémoire. Cet effet a été démontré aussi bien pour des mots (liés ou non) que pour des images. part-set cuing part-set cuing task tâche d'indiçage partiel Frank Arnould 2021-08-16 Tulving, E. (1984). Précis of Elements of episodic memory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7(2), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X0004440X [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 Information combinant une trace mnésique et un indice de récupération, produit du processus d’ecphorie. Information combining a memory trace and a retrieval cue, product of the ecphory process. ecphoric information information ecphorique Frank Arnould 2020-09-17 Anderson, M. C., & Hulbert, J. C. (2021). Active forgetting : Adaptation of memory by prefrontal control. Annual Review of Psychology, 72(1), annurev-psych-072720-094140. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-072720-094140 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-09-04 partial retrieval récupération partielle "process of retrieving a particular target memory, given a cue that is associated with many competing memory traces" (Anderson & Hulbert, 2021). "processus de récupération d'un souvenir cible particulier, en réponse à un indice associé à de nombreuses traces mnésiques concurrentes" (Anderson & Hulbert, 2021). récupération sélective selective retrieval Frank Arnould Kessels, R. P. C., & Haan, E. H. F. (2003). Implicit learning in memory rehabilitation: A meta-analysis on errorless learning and vanishing cues methods. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 25(6), 805–814. https://doi.org/10.1076/jcen.25.6.805.16474 2017-12-04 2021-08-11 Memory rehabilitation method. The principle is to acquire information through cues and to vanish these cues until the patient can use the information acquired without their help. Méthode de rééducation de la mémoire. Le principe consiste à faire acquérir des informations grâce à des indices puis à estomper ces indices jusqu'à ce que le patient puisse utiliser les informations acquises sans leur aide. méthode d'estompage des indices vanishing cues method Hu, X., Cheng, L., Paller, K., & CHIU, M. H. (2020, February 7). Promoting memory consolidation during sleep: A meta-analysis of target memory reactivation. https://osf.io/kg8y3/ Frank Arnould Nicolas Ribeiro Hu, X., Cheng, L., Chiu, M. H., & Paller, K. (2019). Promoting memory consolidation during sleep : A meta-analysis of targeted memory reactivation. Psychological Bulletin, 146, 218‑244. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000223 Oudiette, D., & Paller, K. A. (2013). Upgrading the sleeping brain with targeted memory reactivation. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 17(3), 142-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2013.01.006 Paller, K. A. (2017). Sleeping in a brave new world : Opportunities for improving learning and clinical outcomes through targeted memory reactivation. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 0963721417716928. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721417716928 Rasch, B., Buchel, C., Gais, S., & Born, J. (2007). Odor cues during slow-wave sleep prompt declarative memory consolidation. Science, 315(5817), 1426‑1429. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1138581 Schouten, D. I., Pereira, S. I. R., Tops, M., & Louzada, F. M. (2017). State of the art on targeted memory reactivation: Sleep your way to enhanced cognition. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 32, 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2016.04.002 Squire, L.R. (2004). Memory systems of the brain: a brief history and current perspective. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 82(3), 171-177. 2017-12-04 2023-06-28 Sleep stages: Targeted memory reactivation is effective if applied during N2 and slow wave sleep (Hu et al., 2020). Stades du sommeil : la réactivation ciblée de souvenirs est efficace si elle est appliquée pendant les phases de sommeil lent léger stade 2 (N2) et le sommeil à onde lente (Hu et al., 2020). Test type: Targeted memory reactivation is observed in recall tasks and performance measures, but not in recognition, skin electrical conductance and subjective ratings (Hu et al., 2020). Type d'apprentissage : la réactivation ciblée de souvenirs est efficace sur l'acquisition de souvenirs déclaratifs, l'apprentissage d'habiletés, mais pas sur le conditionnement (Hu et al., 2020). Type de test : la réactivation ciblée de souvenirs s'observe dans des tâches de rappel et des mesures de performance, mais pas dans des tâches de reconnaissance, de conductance électrique de la peau et d'évaluations subjectives (Hu et al., 2020). Type of learning: Targeted memory reactivation is effective on the acquisition of declarative memories, skill learning, but not on conditioning (Hu et al., 2020). TMR réactivation de mémoire ciblée La réactivation ciblée du souvenir est une procédure expérimentale pour étudier la consolidation mnésique lors du sommeil. Elle consiste à exposer un sujet à des stimuli qui ont été associés à une situation lors de l’éveil, afin de renforcer la trace mnésique et améliorer sa réactivation ultérieure. Cette méthode est souvent utilisée en conjonction avec des enregistrements électrophysiologiques pour étudier les mécanismes sous-jacents à la consolidation de la mémoire (Nicolas Ribeiro). Targeted memory reactivation is an experimental procedure to study memory consolidation during sleep. It consists of exposing a subject during sleep to stimuli that have been associated with a waking situation, in order to strengthen the memory trace and improve its subsequent reactivation. This method is often used in conjunction with electrophysiological recordings to study the mechanisms underlying memory consolidation (Nicolas Ribeiro). réactivation ciblée du souvenir targeted memory reactivation Frank Arnould Baddeley, A. D., Eysenck, M. W., & Anderson, M. C. (2015). Memory. Psychology Press. 2021-07-05 2023-09-04 changement contextuel contextuel change "The gradual and persistent drift in incidental context over time, such that distant memories deviate from the current context more so than newer memories, thereby diminishing the former’s potency as a retrieval cue for older memories." (Baddeley et al., 2015, p. 240). Déviation graduelle et persistante du contexte incident au fil du temps, de sorte que les souvenirs lointains s'écartent davantage du contexte actuel que les souvenirs plus récents, diminuant ainsi la potentialité du premier contexte à servir d'indice de récupération pour les souvenirs plus anciens (d'après Baddeley et al., 2015, p. 240). changement de contexte changements contextuels changements de contexte contextual changes contextual fluctuations fluctuations contextuelles contextual fluctuation fluctuation contextuelle Frank Arnould 2021-08-16 Tulving, E. (1984). Précis of Elements of episodic memory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7(2), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X0004440X [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 GAPS GAPS GAPS model modèle GAPS système de traitement abstrait et général Conceptual model of remembering from episodic memory : “It is general in that it is meant to apply to remembering of events of all sorts; it is abstract in that the specific nature of its components is not specified; it is a processing system since its major components have to do with the activity and the functioning of the system rather than its structure; and it is a system in the sense of an ordered and reasonably comprehensive collection of interacting components whose assemblage constitutes an integrated whole.“ (Tulving, 1984, p. 229). Modèle conceptuel de la remémoration en mémoire épisodique : « il est général en ce sens qu'il est censé s'appliquer à la remémoration d'événements de toutes sortes ; il est abstrait en ce sens que la nature spécifique de ses composantes n'est pas précisée ; c'est un système de traitement puisque ses principales composantes ont trait à l'activité et au fonctionnement du système plutôt qu'à sa structure ; et c'est un système au sens d'une collection ordonnée et raisonnablement complète de composantes en interaction dont l'assemblage constitue un tout intégré. » (Tulving, 1984, p. 229). General Abstract Processing System Model modèle du système de traitement abstrait et général Frank Arnould Watkins, O. C., &Watkins, M. J. (1975). Buildup of proactive inhibition as a cue-overload effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 1(4), 442–452. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.1.4.442 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 The likelihood of retrieving specific information is reduced when a memory cue is associated with a large amount of information. Un indice mnésique associé à un grand nombre d'informations réduit la probabilité de récupérer une information particulière. cue-overload principle principe de la surcharge de l'indice Frank Arnould Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (1990). Normal aging and prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(4), 717–726. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.16.4.717 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 EB-PM mémoire prospective basée sur l’événement mémoire prospective fondée sur l’événement En mémoire prospective, le terme désigne la récupération d’une intention programmée qui est déclenchée par un événement externe. In prospective memory, the term refers to the retrieval of an intention triggered by an external event. mémoire prospective évènementielle event-based prospective memory mémoire prospective événementielle Nasreddine, Z. S., Phillips, N. A., Bédirian, V., Charbonneau, S., Whitehead, V., Collin, I., Cummings, J. L., & Chertkow, H. (2005). The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: A Brief Screening Tool for mild cognitive impairment. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53(4), 695–699. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-22 Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Homme Human MoCa MoCa Brief neuropsychological test used particularly in diagnosing mild cognitive impairment. The test assesses attention, working memory, spatio-temporal orientation, language, executive and visuoconstructive functions, and short-term memory. Test neuropsychologique bref utilisé notamment dans le diagnostic du déficit cognitif léger. L'épreuve évalue l'attention, la mémoire de travail, l'orientation spatio-temporelle, le langage, les fonctions exécutives et visuoconstructives et la mémoire à court terme. Montreal Cognitive Assessment Évaluation cognitive de Montréal Frank Arnould Reitan, R. M. (1955). The relation of the Trail Making Test to organic brain damage. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 19(5), 393‑394. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0044509 Reitan, R. M. (1958). Validity of the Trail Making Test as an indicator of organic brain damage. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 8(3), 271‑276. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1958.8.3.271 2017-12-04 2023-08-23 Trail Making Test Mental flexibility test. The subject is asked to connect a series of numbers with lines as fast as possible and in ascending order (part A). Then, the subject is asked to connect letters and numbers alternately in ascending order (1-A-2-B-3-C...) as fast as possible (part B). Épreuve de flexibilité mentale. Le sujet est tout d'abord invité à relier le plus rapidement possible et par ordre croissant des nombres (partie A). Puis, il doit relier alternativement et par ordre croissant des lettres et des nombres (1-A-2-B-3-C...), sans lever le crayon et en allant le plus vite possible (partie B). Test des tracés Trail Making Test Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-02-22 batterie neuropsychologique neuropsychological assessment neuropsychological battery neuropsychological testing évaluation neuropsychologique Test permettant de diagnostiquer les troubles psychologiques résultant de lésions du cerveau, voire de préciser la localisation des lésions. Test used for the diagnostic of psychological disorders resulting from brain lesions, and even to specify the location of the lesions. batteries neuropsychologiques neuropsychological assessments neuropsychological batteries neuropsychological tests tests neuropsychologiques évaluations neuropsychologiques neuropsychological test test neuropsychologique Frank Arnould Kourtesis, P., Collina, S., Doumas, L. A. A., & MacPherson, S. E. (2021). An ecologically valid examination of event-based and time-based prospective memory using immersive virtual reality : The effects of delay and task type on everyday prospective memory. Memory, 29(4), 486‑506. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1904996 Kourtesis, P., Collina, S., Doumas, L. A. A., & MacPherson, S. E. (2021a). Validation of the Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab (VR-EAL) : An immersive virtual reality neuropsychological battery with enhanced ecological validity. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 27(2), 181‑196. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617720000764 Kourtesis, P., Korre, D., Collina, S., Doumas, L. A. A., & MacPherson, S. E. (2020). Guidelines for the development of immersive virtual reality software for cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology : The development of Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab (VR-EAL), a neuropsychological test battery in immersive virtual reality. Frontiers in Computer Science, 1. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2019.00012 2020-04-21 2023-09-04 VR-EAL VR-EAL A neuropsychological battery using an immersive virtual reality scenario to assess episodic memory, prospective memory, attention and executive functions. Batterie neuropsychologique utilisant un scénario immersif en réalité virtuelle pour évaluer la mémoire épisodique, la mémoire prospective, l’attention et les fonctions exécutives. Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab Frank Arnould Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2020). Les nouveaux chemins de la mémoire. Le Pommier. 2017-12-04 2022-01-11 déficit de la mémoire déficit mnésique détérioration de la mémoire memory deficit memory deterioration memory failure memory impairment perturbation de la mémoire perturbation mnésique trouble mnésique Altération des fonctions ou processus mnésiques. Impairment in memory functions or processes. déficits de la mémoire déficits mnésiques détériorations de la mémoire memory deficits memory deteriorations memory disorders memory failures memory impairments perturbations de la mémoire perturbations mnésiques troubles de la mémoire troubles mnésiques memory disorder trouble de la mémoire Frank Arnould Chehrehnegar, N., Nejati, V., Shati, M., Rashedi, V., Lotfi, M., Adelirad, F., & Foroughan, M. (2020). Early detection of cognitive disturbances in mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review of observational studies. Psychogeriatrics, 20(2), 212–228. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12484 De Vita, D., Sagliano, L., & Trojano, L. (in press). Memory biases in Alzheimer’s disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. A systematic review and metanalysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 105277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105277 Flicker, C., Ferris, S. H., & Reisberg, B. (1991). Mild cognitive impairment in the elderly: Predictors of dementia. Neurology, 41(7), 1006–1006. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.41.7.1006 Joubert, S., Gardy, L., Didic, M., Rouleau, I., & Barbeau, E. J. (2021). A meta-analysis of semantic memory in mild cognitive impairment. Neuropsychology Review, 31(2), 221–232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-020-09453-5 Malone, C., Deason, R. G., Palumbo, R., Heyworth, N., Tat, M., & Budson, A. E. (2019). False memories in patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer’s disease dementia: Can cognitive strategies help? Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 41(2), 204–218. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2018.1513453 Petersen, R. C. (2004). Mild cognitive impairment as a diagnostic entity. Journal of Internal Medicine, 256(3), 183–194. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2004.01388.x Petersen, R. C., Smith, G. E., Waring, S. C., Ivnik, R. J., Tangalos, E. G., & Kokmen, E. (1999). Mild cognitive impairment: Clinical characterization and outcome. Archives of Neurology, 56(3), 303. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.56.3.303 Ragueneau-Le Ny, M., & Medjahed, S. (2009). Évolution du concept de mild cognitive impairment. NPG Neurologie - Psychiatrie - Gériatrie, 9(49), 11-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npg.2008.04.006 2017-12-04 2023-06-06 MCI déclin cognitif léger déficience cognitive légère déficit neurocognitif léger trouble cognitif léger trouble léger de la cognition Cognitive and memory difficulties more severe than those encountered during normal aging, but without reaching dementia and without interfering with daily life. People with mild cognitive impairment are at higher risk for developing dementia. Difficultés cognitives et mnésiques plus sévères que celles rencontrées au cours du vieillissement habituel, mais sans atteindre la démence et sans gêner la vie quotidienne. Les personnes présentant un déficit cognitif léger courent un risque plus élevé de développer par la suite une démencer. déficit cognitif léger mild cognitive impairment Bainbridge, W. A., Pounder, Z., Eardley, A., & Baker, C. I. (2021, January 15). Quantifying Aphantasia through drawing: Those without visual imagery show deficits in object but not spatial memory. https://osf.io/cahyd Keogh, R. (2021, July 30). VWM and aphantasia. https://osf.io/8r3eq Frank Arnould Arcangeli, M. (2023). Aphantasia demystified. Synthese, 201(2), 31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-022-04027-9 Blomkvist, A. (in press). Aphantasia: In search of a theory. Mind & Language. https://doi.org/10.1111/mila.12432 Dance, C. J., Ipser, A., & Simner, J. (2022). The prevalence of aphantasia (imagery weakness) in the general population. Consciousness and Cognition, 97, 103243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2021.103243 Dawes, A. J., Keogh, R., Andrillon, T., & Pearson, J. (2020). A cognitive profile of multi-sensory imagery, memory and dreaming in aphantasia. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 10022. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65705-7 Keogh, R., & Pearson, J. (2018). The blind mind : No sensory visual imagery in aphantasia. Cortex, 105, 53‑60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2017.10.012 Keogh, R., Pearson, J., & Zeman, A. (2021). Aphantasia : The science of visual imagery extremes. In J. J. S. Barton & A. Leff (Eds.), Handbook of Clinical Neurology (Vol. 178, p. 277‑296). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821377-3.00012-X Milton, F., Fulford, J., Dance, C., Gaddum, J., Heuerman-Williamson, B., Jones, K., Knight, K. F., MacKisack, M., Winlove, C., & Zeman, A. (2021). Behavioral and neural signatures of visual imagery vividness extremes : Aphantasia versus hyperphantasia. Cerebral Cortex Communications, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.1093/texcom/tgab035 Monzel, M., Vetterlein, A., & Reuter, M. (in press). No general pathological significance of aphantasia: An evaluation based on criteria for mental disorders. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12887 Zeman, A. Z. J., Della Sala, S., Torrens, L. A., Gountouna, V.-E., McGonigle, D. J., & Logie, R. H. (2010). Loss of imagery phenomenology with intact visuo-spatial task performance : A case of ‘blind imagination’. Neuropsychologia, 48(1), 145‑155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.08.024 Zeman, A., Dewar, M., & Della Sala, S. (2015). Lives without imagery – Congenital aphantasia. Cortex, 73, 378‑380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2015.05.019 Zeman, A., Dewar, M., & Della Sala, S. (2016). Reflections on aphantasia. Cortex, 74, 336‑337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2015.08.015 2021-07-06 2023-09-04 aphantasie congénitale blind imagination congenital aphantasia defective revisualisation visual irreminiscence "condition of reduced or absent voluntary imagery" (Zeman et al., 2015, p. 379). « Condition dans laquelle l'imagerie mentale volontaire est réduite ou absente » (Zeman et al., 2015, p. 379). aphantasic aphantasique aphantasia aphantasie Bault, N., Chambon, V., Maionchi-Pino, N., Pénicaud, F.-X., Putois, B., & Roy, J.-M. (2011). Peut-on se passer de représentations en sciences cognitives ? (1er édition). De Boeck. Pitt, D. (2022). Mental representation. In E. N. Zalta & U. Nodelman (Eds.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2022). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2022/entries/mental-representation/ 2023-04-04 Frank Arnould 2023-04-05 Psychologie Psychology Animal Animal Homme Human cognitive representation représentation cognitive An internal cognitive entity, permanent or transitory, that maintains a correspondence with a situation, object or event and can be used as a substitute for cognitive processing in their absence. Entité cognitive interne, permanente ou transitoire, qui entretient un rapport de correspondance avec une situation, un objet ou un événement, et pouvant être utilisée comme substitut pour un traitement cognitif en leur absence. cognitive representations mental representations représentations cognitives représentations mentales mental representation représentation mentale Apperly, I. A. (2012). What is “theory of mind”? Concepts, cognitive processes and individual differences. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 65(5), 825‑839. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.676055 Baron-Cohen, S., Leslie, A. M., & Frith, U. (1985). Does the autistic child have a “theory of mind” ? Cognition, 21(1), 37‑46. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(85)90022-8 Duval, C., Piolino, P., Bejanin, A., Laisney, M., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2011). La théorie de l’esprit : Aspects conceptuels, évaluation et effets de l’âge. Revue de neuropsychologie, 3(1), 41‑51. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.031.0041 Fu, I.-N., Chen, K.-L., Liu, M.-R., Jiang, D.-R., Hsieh, C.-L., & Lee, S.-C. (2023). A systematic review of measures of theory of mind for children. Developmental Review, 67, 101061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2022.101061 Gatti, D., Stagnitto, S. M., Basile, C., Mazzoni, G., Vecchi, T., Rinaldi, L., & Lecce, S. (in press). Individual differences in theory of mind correlate with the occurrence of false memory : A study with the DRM task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 17470218221135178. https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218221135178 Krupenye, C., & Call, J. (2019). Theory of mind in animals : Current and future directions. WIREs Cognitive Science, 10(6), e1503. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1503 Navarro, E. (2022). What is theory of mind? A psychometric study of theory of mind and intelligence. Cognitive Psychology, 136, 101495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2022.101495 Premack, D., & Woodruff, G. (1978). Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1(4), 515‑526. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00076512 Quesque, F., & Rossetti, Y. (2020). What do theory-of-mind tasks actually measure? Theory and practice. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 174569161989660. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691619896607 Wellman, H. M. (1990). The child’s theory of mind. The MIT Press. 2023-03-15 Frank Arnould 2023-04-14 Psychologie Psychology Animal Animal Homme Human ToM Aptitude à attribuer à soi-même et à autrui des états mentaux (désirs, croyances, intentions...) afin de prédire et d’expliquer les comportements. The ability to attribute mental states (desires, beliefs, intentions, etc.) to oneself and others in order to predict and explain behavior. theory of mind théorie de l'esprit Frank Arnould Legg, S., & Hutter, M. (2007). A collection of definitions of intelligence. In B. Goertzel & P. Wang (Eds.), Advances in Artificial General Intelligence : Concepts, Architectures and Algorithms : Proceedings of the AGI Workshop 2006(p. 17‑24). IOS Press. http://arxiv.org/abs/0706.3639 Richelle, M. (1991). Intelligence. In R. Doron & F. Parot (Éds.), Dictionnaire de psychologie (p. 372‑373). Presses Universitaires de France. Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.). (2020). The Cambridge handbook of intelligence (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108770422 2021-07-05 2023-09-04 aptitude intellectuelle capacité intellectuelle disposition intellectuelle intellectual ability intellectual capability intellectual disposition "Psychological function or collection of functions by which the organism adapts to its environment by implementing original combinations of behaviors, acquiring and exploiting new knowledge, and eventually reasoning and solving problems in a manner consistent with the rules derived from the formalizations of logic." (Richelle, 1991, p. 372). « Fonction psychologique, ou ensemble des fonctions grâce auxquelles l’organisme s’adapte à son milieu en mettant en œuvre des combinaisons originales de conduites, acquiert et exploite des connaissances nouvelles, et éventuellement raisonne et résout les problèmes d’une manière conforme aux règles dégagées par les formalisations de la logique. » (Richelle, 1991, p. 372). Il n'existe pas de définition standard de l'intelligence, bien qu'il existe des similitudes entre les différentes définitions. There is no standard definition of intelligence, although there are similarities among the various definitions. aptitudes intellectuelles capacités intellectuelles dispositions intellectuelles intellectual abilities intellectual dispositions intelligences intelligence intelligence Frank Arnould Bastin, C., Simon, J., Kurth, S., Collette, F., & Salmon, E. (2013). Variabilité individuelle dans le fonctionnement de la mémoire épisodique au cours du vieillissement normal et pathologique : le rôle de la réserve cognitive. Revue de Neuropsychologie, Neurosciences Cognitives et Cliniques, 5(4), 235-242. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2013.0278 Kalpouzos, G., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2008). Réserve cognitive et fonctionnement cérébral au cours du vieillissement normal et de la maladie d’Alzheimer. Psychologie & neuropsychiatrie du vieillissement, 6(2), 97-105. https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2008.0120 Stern, Y. (2009). Cognitive reserve. Neuropsychologia, 47(10), 2015-2028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.03.004 Stern, Y., Albert, M., Barnes, C. A., Cabeza, R., Pascual-Leone, A., & Rapp, P. R. (2022). A framework for concepts of reserve and resilience in aging. Neurobiology of Aging, 124, 100-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.10.015 Villeneuve, S., & Belleville, S. (2010). Réserve cognitive et changements neuronaux associés au vieillissement. Psychologie & NeuroPsychiatrie du Vieillissement, 8(2), 133-140. https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2010.0214 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 Cognitive reserve is a factor that modulates the clinical effects of brain damage. A person with high cognitive reserve is said to be better able to resist the disorders associated with brain damage. La réserve cognitive est un facteur qui modulerait les effets cliniques de dommages cérébraux. Une personne dotée d'une réserve cognitive élevée résisterait ainsi mieux aux troubles associés à des lésions cérébrales. La réserve cognitive est conçue soit comme des différences dans le volume cérébral, le nombre de neurones ou de synapses (modèles passifs), soit comme des différences dans la capacité à mobiliser des processus cognitifs et neuronaux optimaux et compensatoires (modèles actifs). réserves cognitives cognitive reserve réserve cognitive Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Anderson, B. (2011). There is no such thing as attention. Frontiers in Psychology, 2. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00246 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Anderson, B. (2023). Stop paying attention to “attention.” WIREs: Cognitive Science, 14(1), e1574. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1574 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Di Lollo, V. (2018). Attention is a sterile concept; iterative reentry is a fertile substitute. Consciousness and Cognition, 64, 45–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2018.02.005 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Fawcett, J. M., Risko, E. F., & Kingstone, A. (Eds.). (2015). The handbook of attention. MIT Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Hommel, B., Chapman, C. S., Cisek, P., Neyedli, H. F., Song, J.-H., & Welsh, T. N. (2019). No one knows what attention is. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 81, 2288–2303. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01846-w [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Kaldas, A. (2022). Attention: A descriptive taxonomy. History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences, 44(4), 63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40656-022-00538-3 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Krauzlis, R. J., Wang, L., Yu, G., & Katz, L. N. (2023). What is attention? WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(1), e1570. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1570 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Lachaux, J.-P. (2013). Le cerveau attentif. Odile Jacob. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Long, N. M., Kuhl, B. A., & Chun, M. M. (2018). Memory and attention. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Stevens’ Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience (1st ed., pp. 285–322). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119170174.epcn109 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Maquestiaux, F. (2017). Psychologie de l’attention (2ᵉ éd.). De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Mole, C. (2021). Attention. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2021). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2021/entries/attention/ [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Mole, C., & Henry, A. (2023). What is attention? Adverbialist theories. WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(1), e1588. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1588 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Narhi-Martinez, W., Dube, B., & Golomb, J. D. (2023). Attention as a multi-level system of weights and balances. WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(1), e1633. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1633 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Tsotsos, J. K. (2019). Attention: The messy reality. The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 92(1), 127–137. [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Watzl, S. (2023). What attention is. The priority structure account. WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(1), e1632. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1632 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-03-17 Ability to focus on a selection of environmental stimuli or cognitive representations to improve their processing. Capacité de focalisation sur une sélection de stimuli de l'environnement ou de représentations cognitives afin d'en améliorer le traitement. Attention doesn’t have a commonly accepted definition. Many definitions exist in the scientific literature. L'attention ne dispose pas d’une définition consensuelle. De nombreuses définitions existent dans la littérature scientifique. attention attention Frank Arnould Baddeley, A., Eysenck, M. W., & Anderson, M. C. (2020). Memory (3rd ed.). Psychology Press. Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2020). Les nouveaux chemins de la mémoire. Le Pommier. Rossi, P. (2018). Neuropsychologie de la mémoire. De Boeck. Schacter, D.L. (2007). Memory: delineating the core. In H.L. Roediger, Y. Dudai, & S.M. Fitzpatrick (Eds.) Science of memory: Concepts, (pp.23-27). Oxford University Press. Tulving, E. (2000). Concepts of memory. In E. Tulving & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Memory (pp. 33–43). Oxford University Press. 2017-12-04 2022-05-14 disposition mnésique fonction mnémonique fonction mnésique memory disposition memory function memory system mnemonic function mnesic function système mnésique Capability for encoding, storing and retrieving information. Capacité d'encoder, stocker et récupérer des informations. Le terme de mémoire pose des difficultés de définition. En 2000, le psychologue Endel Tulving a identifié plusieurs significations courantes de la notion dans la littérature scientifique. « (1) la mémoire en tant que capacité neurocognitive à coder, stocker et récupérer des informations ; (2) la mémoire en tant que magasin hypothétique dans lequel des informations sont stockées ; (3) la mémoire en tant qu’information dans ce magasin ; (4) la mémoire en tant que propriété de cette information ; (5) la mémoire en tant que composante de la récupération de cette information ; et (6) la mémoire en tant que conscience phénoménale d’un individu de se souvenir de quelque chose. » (Tulving, 2000, p. 36). The concept of memory is difficult to define. In 2000, the psychologist Endel Tulving identified several frequently used meanings of the concept in the scientific literature.”(1) memory as a neurocognitive capacity to encode, store, and retrieve information; (2) memory a hypothetical store in which information is held; (3) memory as the information in that store; (4) memory as a property of that information; (5) memory as a componential of retrieval of that information; and (6) memory as an individual’s phenomenal awareness of remembering something.’”Tulving, 2000, p. 36). dispositions mnésiques fonctions mnémoniques fonctions mnésiques memories memory dispositions memory functions memory systems mnemonic functions mnesic functions mémoires systèmes mnésiques memory mémoire Frank Arnould Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. 2017-12-04 2022-01-11 Capability of modifying behavior as a function of experience. Capacité à modifier son comportement en fonction de l’expérience. apprentissages apprentissage learning Frank Arnould Le Ny, J.-F. (2002). Langage. In G. Tiberghien (Éd.), Dictionnaire des sciences cognitives (pp. 152–153). Armand Colin. Spector, B. (2018). Le langage. In T. Collins, D. Andler, & C. Tallon-Baudry (Éds.), La cognition : Du neurone à la société (p. 314‑370). Gallimard. 2017-12-04 2023-03-20 "Natural function, specific to human beings, which enables communication based on semantic representations, and which serves as a support for thought." (Le Ny, 2002, p. 152). « Fonction naturelle, propre aux êtres humains, qui permet une communication fondée sur des représentations sémantiques, et qui sert de support à la pensée. » (Le Ny, 2002, p. 152). langage language Frank Arnould Aizawa, K. (2015). What is this cognition that is supposed to be embodied? Philosophical Psychology, 28(6), 755–775. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2013.875280 Barrett, L. (2011). Beyond the brain : How body and environment shape animal and human minds. Princeton University Press. Brouillet, D. (2019). Agir pour connaître. Presses Universitaires de Grenoble. Caramazza, A., Anzellotti, S., Strnad, L., & Lingnau, A. (2014). Embodied cognition and mirror neurons: A critical assessment. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 37(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-071013-013950 Chemero, A. (2011). Radical embodied cognitive science. MIT Press. Di Liberti, G. & Léger, P. (Éds). (2022). La cognition incarnée : un programme de recherche entre psychologie et philosophie. Mimesis. Dokic, J., & Perrin, D. (Éds.). (2018). La cognition incarnée. Recherches sur la philosophie et le langage, 33. Vrin. Farina, M. (2021). Embodied cognition: Dimensions, domains and applications. Adaptive Behavior, 29(1), 73‑88. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059712320912963 Fincher-Kiefer, R. (2019). How the body shapes knowledge : Empirical support for embodied cognition. American Psychological Association. Foglia, L., & Wilson, R. A. (2013). Embodied cognition. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 4(3), 319-325. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1226 Gallagher, S. (2023). Embodied and enactive approaches to cognition. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009209793 Glenberg, A. M. (2010). Embodiment as a unifying perspective for psychology. WIREs Cognitive Science, 1(4), 586–596. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.55 Goldinger, S.D., Papesh, M.H., Barnhart, A.S. et al. (2016) The poverty of embodied cognition. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 23(4), 959‑978. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-015-0860-1 Ianì, F. (2019). Embodied memories : Reviewing the role of the body in memory processes. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(6), 1747–1766. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01674-x Mahon, B. Z. (2015). The burden of embodied cognition. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale, 69(2), 172‑178. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000060 Mahon, B. Z., & Caramazza, A. (2008). A critical look at the embodied cognition hypothesis and a new proposal for grounding conceptual content. Journal of Physiology-Paris, 102(1‑3), 59‑70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphysparis.2008.03.004 Shapiro, L. (2014). The Routledge handbook of embodied cognition. Routledge. Shapiro, L. (2019). Embodied cognition (2ᵉ éd.). Routledge. Shapiro, L., & Spaulding, S. (2021). Embodied cognition. In E.N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2021). https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2021/entries/embodied-cognition/ Van Dam, W. O., Rueschemeyer, S.-A., Bekkering, H., & Lindemann, O. (2013). Embodied grounding of memory: Toward the effects of motor execution on memory consolidation. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 66(12), 2310–2328. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2013.777084 Varela, F. J., Thompson, E., & Rosch, E. (2017). The embodied mind: Cognitive science and human experience (revised edition). The MIT Press. Varela, F. J., Thomson, E., & Rosch, E. (1993). L’inscription corporelle de l’esprit : sciences cognitives et expérience humaine. Seuil. Versace, R., Brouillet, D., & Vallet, G. (2018). La cognition incarnée : une cognition située et projetée. Mardaga. Wilson, R. A., & Foglia, L. (2016). Embodied Cognition. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2016/entries/embodied-cognition/ Zwaan, R. A. (2021). Two challenges to “embodied cognition” research and how to overcome them. Journal of Cognition, 4(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.5334/joc.151 2017-12-04 2023-07-18 corporéïté embodiment encorporation incarnation Approach in cognitive science according to which cognition is grounded in sensory-motor systems, actions, the body and its interactions with the environment. Approche en sciences cognitives selon laquelle la cognition est enracinée dans les systèmes sensori-moteurs, les actions, le corps et les interactions de celui-ci avec l’environnement. cognition incarnée embodied cognition Kwon, S., Rugg, M. D., Wiegand, R., Curran, T., & Morcom, A. M. (in press). A meta-analysis of event-related potential correlates of recognition memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-023-02309-y 2023-03-17 Frank Arnould Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-07-13 Psychologie Psychology Animal Animal Homme Human Aptitude à décider si un stimulus a été rencontré dans le passé. The ability to decide whether a stimulus has been encountered in the past. mémoire de reconnaissance recognition memory Frank Arnould Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Smith, D. G., & J, J. (2004). Testing theories of recognition memory by predicting performance across paradigms. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30(3), 615–625. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.3.615 2017-12-04 2023-09-04 paradigme de reconnaissance recognition paradigm recognition test test de reconnaissance Dans une tâche de reconnaissance, le sujet est invité à discriminer, parmi un ensemble d’items, ceux qui ont été étudiés (items anciens) de ceux qui n’ont pas été étudiés (items nouveaux). In a recognition task, the subject is asked to discriminate, among a set of items, those that have been studied (old items) from those that have not been studied (new items). recognition recognition tasks recognition tests reconnaissance reconnaissances tests de reconnaissance tâches de reconnaissance recognition task tâche de reconnaissance Frank Arnould Jost, A. (1897). Die Assoziationsfestigkeit in ihrer Abhängigkeit von der Verteilung der Wiederholungen. Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane, 14, 436-472 https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_RgUDAAAAYAAJ/page/n445/mode/2up Wixted, J. T. (2004). On common ground: Jost’s (1897) law of forgetting and Ribot’s (1881) law of retrograde amnesia. Psychological Review, 111(4), 864–879. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.111.4.864 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Jost's memory laws Jost’s first law Jost’s first memory law Jost’s second law Jost’s second memory law lois de la mémoire de Jost première loi de Jost première loi de la mémoire de Jost seconde loi de Jost seconde loi de la mémoire de Jost Laws formulated by Adolf Jost (1874-1908) in 1897. If two memory traces have the same strength, 1) repetition of the older trace will strengthen it more than repetition of the newer trace, and 2) the older trace will deteriorate less quickly than the newer trace. Lois énoncées par Adolf Jost (1874-1908) en 1897. Si deux traces mnésiques ont la même force, 1) la répétition de la plus ancienne la renforce plus que la répétition de la plus récente et 2) la trace la plus ancienne se détériorera moins rapidement que la plus récente. Jost's laws lois de Jost Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-04-18 maintien en mémoire memory maintenance trace storage Process for the retention of information in memory. Processus ou système de conservation des informations en mémoire. stockage storage Frank Arnould Yonelinas, A. P. (2002). The nature of recollection and familiarity : A review of 30 years of research. Journal of Memory and Language, 46(3), 441‑517. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.2002.2864 2017-12-04 2023-03-17 Dans un test de reconnaissance, jugement de l’ancienneté d’un item (l’item a été étudié), sans être accompagné de la récupération d’éléments spécifiques du contexte de mémorisation. In a recognition task, judgment that an item is old (studied) without recollection of the acquisition context, but with the feeling that the item is familiar. familiarity familiarité Singmann, H., Kellen, D., Winiger, S., & Dunn, J. C. (2020, December 22). Testing the Foundations of Signal Detection Theory in Recognition Memory. https://osf.io/zw9yr/ Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Banks, W. P. (1970). Signal detection theory and human memory. Psychological Bulletin, 74(2), 81-99. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029531 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Cohen, A. L., Starns, J. J., & Rotello, C. M. (2021). sdtlu: An R package for the signal detection analysis of eyewitness lineup data. Behavior Research Methods, 53(1), 278–300. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-020-01402-7 [Document type: software description / Access: open] Egan, J. P. (1958). Recognition memory and the operating characteristic (Technical Note AFCRC-TN-58-51). Indiana University Hearing and Communication Laboratory. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Green, D. M. & Swets, J. A. (1966). Signal detection theory and psychophysics. Wiley. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Kellen, D., Winiger, S., Dunn, J. C., & Singmann, H. (2021). Testing the foundations of signal detection theory in recognition memory. Psychological Review, 128(6), 1022-1050. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000288 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Lee, J., & Penrod, S. D. (2019). New signal detection theory-based framework for eyewitness performance in lineups. Law and Human Behavior, 43(5), 436–454. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000343 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (p. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wixted, J. T. (2007). Dual-process theory and signal-detection theory of recognition memory. Psychological Review, 114(1), 152‑176. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.1.152 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wixted, J. T., & Mickes, L. (2014). A signal-detection-based diagnostic-feature-detection model of eyewitness identification. Psychological Review, 121(2), 262–276. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035940 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wixted, J. T. (2020). The forgotten history of signal detection theory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 46(2), 201–233. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000732 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wixted, J. T., & Roediger III, H. L. (2023). Signal detection theory and eyewitness identification. In R. H. Logie, Z. Wen, S. E. Gathercole, N. Cowan, & R. W. Engle (Eds.), Memory in science for society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 63–92). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-08-21 SDT TDS modèle de la détection du signal signal detection model A mathematical model used to study the performance of recognition memory. In a recognition task, signal detection theory allows the assessment of the ability of subjects to discriminate between old (studied) and new items and the strategy used to make their decision (response bias or response criterion). Modèle mathématique en psychophysique utilisé en psychologie de la mémoire pour étudier la performance de la reconnaissance. La théorie de la détection dusignal (TDS) permet d’une part d'apprécier la capacité de discrimination du sujet entre éléments à reconnaître (distinguer les éléments étudiés des éléments nouveaux) et la stratégie qu’il adopte pour prendre sa décision, son biais ou critère de réponse (critère libéral ou conservateur utilisé pour décider quand un item doit être reconnu ou non). La TDS suppose que la familiarité des items anciens (étudiés) est normalement distribuée, de même que la distribution des items nouveaux, sachant, qu’en moyenne, les items nouveaux dans un test de reconnaissance sont moins familiers que les items anciens. modèles de détection du signal signal detection models signal detection theory théorie de la détection du signal Brown, N. R. (2005). On the prevalence of event clusters in autobiographical memory. Social Cognition, 23(1), 35–69. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.23.1.35.59194 Brown, N. R., & Schopflocher, D. (1998). Event clusters: An organization of personal events in autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 9(6), 470–475. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00087 Brown, N. R., & Schopflocher, D. (1998). Event cueing, event clusters, and the temporal distribution of autobiographical memories. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 12(4), 305–319. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199808)12:4<305::AID-ACP569>3.0.CO;2-5 2023-07-28 Frank Arnould 2023-07-28 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human "Event clusters are narrative–like memory structures that draw together information about events that are causally or thematically related" (Brown, 2005, p. 35). « Les groupements d'événements sont des structures mnésiques de type narratif qui rassemblent des informations sur des événements causalement ou thématiquement liés » (Brown, 2005, p. 35). event cluster groupement d'événements Frank Arnould Kurby, C. A., & Zacks, J. M. (2008). Segmentation in the perception and memory of events. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 12(2), 72–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2007.11.004 Ross, T. W., & Easton, A. (2022). The hippocampal horizon: Constructing and segmenting experience for episodic memory. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 132, 181–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.038 Zacks, J. M. (2020). Event perception and memory. Annual Review of Psychology, 71, 165‑191. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419- 051101 Zacks, J. M., Speer, N. K., Swallow, K. M., Braver, T. S., & Reynolds, J. R. (2007). Event perception: A mind-brain perspective. Psychological Bulletin, 133(2), 273–293. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.2.273 2022-01-03 2023-09-04 Processus cognitif par lequel le flux continu d’informations est divisé en évènements discrets, délimités par des frontières. The cognitive process by which the continuous flow of information is divided into discrete events, delimited by boundaries. event segmentation segmentation en évènements Frank Arnould Sutin, A. R., & Robins, R. W. (2007). Phenomenology of autobiographical memories: The Memory Experiences Questionnaire. Memory, 15(4), 390–411. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701256654 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Questionnaire d'expériences mnésiques Questionnaire permettant d'évaluer dix propriétés phénoménologiques d'un souvenir épisodique : son niveau de vivacité (clarté et intensité visuelle du souvenir), de cohérence (récit logique dans le temps et l'espace), d'accessibilité (facilité d'accès au souvenir), sa perspective temporelle (clarté du moment où a été vécu l'évènement auquel fait référence le souvenir) et visuelle (perspective à la première ou à la troisième personne), niveau avec lequel les détails sensoriels sont revécus pendant la récupération du souvenir, son intensité et valence émotionnelles, niveau de distanciation (distance que le sujet prend par rapport à l'expérience décrite dans le souvenir) et de partage (partage de l'expérience décrite dans le souvenir avec d'autres personnes). Questionnaire to assess ten phenomenological properties of a memory: its levels of vividness (visual clarity and intensity), coherence (logical story in time and space) and accessibility (easy access to the memory ), its temporal (clarity when the event described in the memory was experienced) and visual (perspective of the first or third person) perspective, the level with which sensory details are relived during the retrieval of the memory, its emotional intensity and valence, the level of distancing (distance the subject takes with the experience described in the memory) and sharing (sharing the experience described in the memory with other people). Memory Experiences Questionnaire Questionnaire des expériences mnésiques Frank Arnould Boyacioglu, I., & Akfirat, S. (2015). Development and psychometric properties of a new measure for memory phenomenology : The Autobiographical Memory Characteristics Questionnaire. Memory, 23(7), 1070‑1092. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2014.953960 2022-02-28 2023-09-04 AMCQ AMCQ Questionnaire d’évaluation des caractéristiques phénoménologiques des souvenirs autobiographiques : vivacité du souvenir, croyance en l'exactitude des souvenirs, détails temporels, détails du lieu, détails sensoriels, accessibilité, partage, perspective du souvenir, cohérence narrative, recollection (sensation de revivre l'expérience d'origine), implication personnelle de l'événement, valence émotionnelle, intensité émotionnelle, persistance émotionnelle, réactions viscérales, préoccupation pour les émotions et distanciation émotionnelle. Questionnaire for assessing phenomenological characteristics of autobiographical memory: vividness, belief in accuracy, time details, place details, sensory details, accessibility, sharing, memory perspective, narrative coherence, recollection, personal implication of the event, emotional valence, emotional intensity, emotional persistence, visceral reactions, preoccupation with emotions and emotional distancing. Autographical Memory Characteristics Questionnaire Questionnaire des caractéristiques de la mémoire autobiographique Desgranges, B., Faraut, E., Mondou, A., Eustache, F., & Laisney, M. (2018). La MEMO: Évaluation de l’impact de l’émotion sur la mémorisation d’informations verbales en mémoire épisodique: Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 10(3), 257–263. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2018.0471 Laisney, M., Pèlerin, A., & Eustache, F. (2023). Deux nouveaux indices évaluant l’effet de l’émotion sur la mémoire dans la MEMO: Illustrations cliniques: Revue de neuropsychologie, 15(1), 39–44. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2023.0745 2023-06-13 Frank Arnould 2023-08-21 Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Psychologie Psychology Homme Human MEMO "an emotional memory test that separately evaluates the impact of emotion components (valence and arousal) on the memorization of new verbal information in episodic memory (anterograde component)." (Desgranges et al., 2018, p. 260). « épreuve de mémoire émotionnelle permettant d’évaluer séparément l’impact des composantes de l’émotion (valence et intensité) sur la mémorisation d’informations verbales nouvelles en mémoire épisodique (composante antérograde). » (Desgranges et al., 2018, p. 260). MEMO test test MEMO Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Easterbrook, J. A. (1959). The effect of emotion on cue utilization and the organization of behavior. Psychological Review, 66(3), 183–201. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0047707 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Levine, L.J., & Edelstein, R.S. (2009). Emotion and memory narrowing: A review and goal-relevance approach. Cognition & Emotion, 23(5), 833–875. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930902738863 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Easterbrook's hypothesis attentional narrowing hypothesis cue-utilization hypothesis hypothèse d'Easterbrook hypothèse du rétrécissement attentionnel Hypothèse selon laquelle le stress ou un niveau élevé d’éveil émotionnel provoquerait une réduction des informations qu’une personne peut traiter simultanément. Par conséquent, l'attention se focaliserait sur les indices les plus saillants et centraux au détriment des indices périphériques. The hypothesis that stress or high levels of emotional arousal cause a reduction in the amount of information a person can process simultaneously. As a result, attention is focused on the most salient, central cues at the expense of peripheral cues. Easterbrook's cue-utilisation hypothesis attentional narrowing cue-utilisation hypothesis rétrécissement attentionnel Easterbrook's cue-utilization hypothesis hypothèse de l'utilisation des indices d'Easterbrook Frank Arnould Finn, B. (2010). Ending on a high note : Adding a better end to effortful study. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 36(6), 1548‑1553. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020605 Kahneman, D., Wakker, P. P., & Sarin, R. (1997). Back to Bentham? Explorations of experienced utility. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 112(2), 375‑405. 2017-12-04 2021-12-03 utilité remémorée Retrospective subjective assessment of the pleasure or displeasure associated with a past experience. Évaluation rétrospective subjective du plaisir et du déplaisir associés à une expérience passée. remembered utility utilité mémorisée Frank Arnould Berthet, V., & Kop, J.-L. (2010). L’amorçage affectif : données empiriques et modèles théoriques. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale, 64(3), 165–179. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020765 Fazio, R. H., Sanbonmatsu, D. M., Powell, M. C., & Kardes, F. R. (1986). On the automatic activation of attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(2), 229–238. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.50.2.229 2017-12-04 2023-04-04 A priming task in which the subject is asked to evaluate the emotional valence of a stimulus that was preceded by another stimulus (prime) of the same or different valence. The performance is better when the valence is the same between the prime and the target stimulus. Tâche d’amorçage dans laquelle le sujet est invité à évaluer la valence affective d’un stimulus qui a été précédé par un autre stimulus (amorce) d’une même valence ou d’une valence différente. La performance est meilleure quand la valence est identique entre l’amorce et le stimulus cible. affective priming task tâche d'amorçage affectif Frank Arnould Coane, J. H., & Umanath, S. (2019). I don’t remember vs. I don’t know : Phenomenological states associated with retrieval failures. Journal of Memory and Language, 107, 152–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2019.05.002 2019-05-21 2023-03-24 DR/DK paradigm Paradigm used to study the phenomenology associated with the failure to retrieve information from memory. After a retrieval failure, the subject is asked to indicate whether he or she does not remember or does not know the information. Paradigme utilisé pour étudier la phénoménologie associée au fait de ne pas retrouver une information en mémoire. Après un échec de récupération, le sujet est invité à indiquer s'il ne se souvient pas de l'information ou s'il ne sait pas. Don't remember/Don't know paradigm paradigme Ne pas se souvenir/Ne pas savoir PerceptionCognitionLab. (2018). Data1 [Data set]. Github. https://github.com/PerceptionCognitionLab/data1/tree/master/repGardinerJava Frank Arnould Adam, S. (2003). Nouvelles techniques d'évaluation de la mémoire : procédure de dissociation des processus et paradigme R/K. In Meulemans, T., Desgranges, B., Adam, S., Eustache, F. (Eds.), Evaluation et prise en charge des troubles mnésiques. Solal. Gardiner, J. M. (1988). Functional aspects of recollective experience. Memory & Cognition, 16(4), 309-313. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197041 Gardiner, J. M., & Java, R. I. (1990). Recollective experience in word and nonword recognition. Memory & Cognition, 18(1), 23‑30. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202642 Haaf, J. M., Rhodes, S., Naveh-Benjamin, M., Sun, T., Snyder, H. K., & Rouder, J. N. (2020). Revisiting the remember–know task : Replications of Gardiner and Java (1990). Memory & Cognition. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01073-x Tulving, E. (1985). Memory and consciousness. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, 26(1), 1‑12. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0080017 Umanath, S., & Coane, J. H. (2020). Face validity of remembering and knowing : Empirical consensus and disagreement between participants and researchers. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1745691620917672. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691620917672 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Haaf, J. M., Rhodes, S., Naveh-Benjamin, M., Sun, T., Snyder, H. K., & Rouder, J. N. (2020). Revisiting the remember–know task : Replications of Gardiner and Java (1990). Memory & Cognition. doi:10.3758/s13421-020-01073-x Remember/Know paradigm paradigme se souvenir/savoir For each response in a recognition test, the subject is asked to indicate whether he/she remembers the learning context (R response for Remember) or if the recognized item seems just familiar without being able to recall the context of acquisition (K response for Know.) Paradigme expérimental mis au point par Gardiner et collaborateurs. Pour chaque réponse dans un test de reconnaissance, le sujet est invité à indiquer s'il se remémore le contexte d'apprentissage (réponse R pour Remember) ou si le mot reconnu lui semble juste familier, sans être capable de rappeler le contexte d'acquisition (réponse K pour Know.) R/K paradigm paradigme R/K Frank Arnould Piolino, P., Desgranges, B., & Eustache, F. (2003). La mémoire autobiographique : théorie et pratique. Solal. 2017-12-04 2023-06-15 TEMPau TEMPau Semi-structured questionnaire to assess autobiographical episodic memory and autonoetic awareness for five life periods: childhood and adolescence, young adulthood, middle age and older adulthood, last five years, and most recent period. ​Questionnaire semi-structuré pour l'évaluation de la mémoire autobiographique épisodique et la conscience autonoétique en fonction de cinq périodes de vie : enfance et adolescence, jeune adulte, adulte plus âgé, cinq dernières années et période récente. Test of Episodic Memory for the Autobiographical Past Test épisodique de mémoire du passé autobiographique Frank Arnould Berntsen, D., Hoyle, R. H., & Rubin, D. C. (2019). The Autobiographical Recollection Test (ART) : A measure of individual differences in autobiographical memory. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 8(3), 305–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2019.06.005 Billet, M., Geurten, M., & Willems, S. (In press). How well do you think you remember your personal past? French validation of the Autobiographical Recollection Test (ART) and exploration of age effect. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2207805 2020-07-06 2023-05-31 ART ART Questionnaire designed to measure individual differences in autobiographical memory. The instrument focuses on seven aspects of recollective experiences: vividness and narrative coherence of memories, feeling of reliving past events, visual imagery, repetition of memories, relevance of memories to personal history, ability to localize memories in space. Questionnaire destiné à mesurer les différences individuelles dans la mémoire autobiographique. L’instrument porte sur sept aspects des expériences recollectives : vivacité et cohérence narrative des souvenirs, impression de revivre les événements vécus, imagerie visuelle, répétition des souvenirs, pertinence des souvenirs dans l’histoire personnelle, capacité à localiser les souvenirs dans l’espace. Autobiographical Recollection Test Test de recollection autobiographique Frank Arnould Johnson, M. K., Foley, M. A., Suengas, A. G., & Raye, C. L. (1988). Phenomenal characteristics of memories for perceived and imagined autobiographical events. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 117(4), 371-376. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.117.4.371 2017-12-04 2023-05-31 MCQ MCQ Questionnaire permettant d'évaluer les caractéristiques phénoménologiques d'un souvenir autobiographique. Construit à partir de la théorie du contrôle de la réalité, il permettrait de distinguer les souvenirs d'évènements vécus, qui contiendraient plus de détails sensoriels et contextuels, des souvenirs d'évènements imaginés, qui contiendraient plus d'éléments faisant référence à des opérations cognitives. Questionnaire to assess the phenomenological characteristics of autobiographical memory. Based on reality monitoring theory, the questionnaire is designed to distinguish memories of experienced events, which contain more sensory and contextual details, from memories of imagined events, which contain more elements related to cognitive operations. Memory Characteristics Questionnaire Questionnaire des caractéristiques mnésiques Leboe-McGowan, J. P., & Whittlesea, B. W. A. (2013). Through the SCAPE looking glass: Sources of performance and sources of attribution. In D. Reisberg (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of cognitive psychology (pp. 243–266). Oxford University Press. Whittlesea, B. W. A. (1997). Production, evaluation, and preservation of experiences: Constructive processing in remembering and performance tasks. In D. L. Medin (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 37, pp. 211–264). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60503-4 Whittlesea, B. W. A. (2002). Two routes to remembering (and another to remembering not). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131(3), 325‑348. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.131.3.325 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-21 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human SCAPE account SCAPE framework SCAPE model SCAPE theory modèle SCAPE théorie SCAPE La théorie SCAPE (Selective Construction and Preservation of Experience) « est une tentative de construction d'un cadre général de la performance et de l'expérience subjective [...] Le cadre postule que toute interaction entre l'esprit et l'environnement implique la construction d'un modèle mental du stimulus dans le contexte et la tâche actuels. Cette construction comporte deux aspects : la fonction de production, qui se traduit par la performance, et la fonction d'évaluation, qui se traduit par l'expérience subjective. La fonction de production est contrôlée par une interaction entre les intentions actuelles de la personne, les contraintes et les possibilités du stimulus et du contexte, et les représentations d'expériences antérieures en mémoire qui sont signalées par la performance en cours ; elle provoque des réponses perceptives, cognitives et motrices aux stimuli. La fonction d'évaluation contrôle l'intégrité de la fonction de production et amène la personne à adopter une attitude à son égard. Ces fonctions apportent des contributions distinctes à l'acte de se souvenir. » (Whittlesea, 2002, p. 325-326). The Selective Construction and Preservation of Experience (SCAPE) framework "is an attempt to construct a general account of performance and subjective experience [...] The framework posits that every interaction between mind and the environment involves the construction of a mental model of the stimulus within the current context and task. This construction has two aspects: the production function, resulting in performance, and the evaluation function, resulting in subjective experience. The production function is controlled by an interaction among the person's current intentions, the constraints and affordances of the stimulus and context, and the representations of prior experiences in memory that are cued by ongoing performance; it causes perceptual, cognitive, and motoric responses to stimuli. The evaluation function monitors the integrity of the production function and causes the person to adopt an attitude toward it. These functions make separate contributions to the act of remembering." (Whittlesea, 2002, p. 325-326). Selective Construction and Preservation of Experience theory théorie de la construction sélective et de la préservation des expériences Hofmann, W., Summerville, A., & Baumeister, R. (2020, March 14). Dataset and Materials for “Everyday Thoughts in Time: Experience Sampling Studies of Mental Time Travel.” https://osf.io/9uytp/ Suo, T., & Wang, Q. (2021, February 23). Data for Culture and Visual Perspective in Mental Time Travel: The Relations to Psychological Well-being. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/EPJUF Frank Arnould Addis, D. R. (2020). Mental time travel? A neurocognitive model of event simulation. Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 11(2), 233–259. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-020-00470-0 Addis, D. R., Wong, A. T., & Schacter, D. L. (2007). Remembering the past and imagining the future: Common and distinct neural substrates during event construction and elaboration. Neuropsychologia, 45(7), 1363–1377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.10.016 Busby, J., & Suddendorf, T. (2005). Recalling yesterday and predicting tomorrow. Cognitive Development, 20(3), 362–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2005.05.002 Corballis, M. C. (2019). Mental time travel, language, and evolution. Neuropsychologia, 134, 107202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107202 Ernst, A. (2019). Le voyage mental dans le temps à la lumière des neurosciences cognitives et de la neuropsychologie clinique. Psychiatrie, Sciences humaines, Neurosciences, 17(3), 41–55. https://www.cairn.info/revue-psn-2019-3-page-41.htm Michaelian, K. (2016). Mental time travel: Episodic memory and our knowledge of the personal past. The MIT Press. Michaelian, K., Klein, S. B., & Szpunar, K. K. (2016). Seeing the future : Theoretical perspectives on future-oriented mental time travel. Oxford University Press. Perrin, D., & Michaelian, K. (2017). Memory as mental time travel. In S. Bernecker & K. Michaelian (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of philosophy of memory (pp. 228–239). Routledge. Sant’Anna, A. (2018). Mental time travel and the philosophy of memory. Filosofia Unisinos, 19(1), 52–62. https://doi.org/10.4013/fsu.2018.191.06 Suddendorf, T., & Corballis, M. C. (1997). Mental time travel and the evolution of the human mind. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 123(2), 133–167. Suddendorf, T., & Corballis, M. C. (2007). The evolution of foresight: What is mental time travel, and is it unique to humans? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 30(3), 299–313. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X07001975 Wang, Y., Ye, J., Lui, S. S. Y., & Chan, R. C. K. (n.d.). Mental time travel in psychiatric disorders. PsyCh Journal, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.634 Wheeler, M. A., Stuss, D. T., & Tulving, E. (1997). Toward a theory of episodic memory: the frontal lobes and autonoetic consciousness. Psychological Bulletin, 121(3), 331–354. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.121.3.331 2017-12-04 2023-08-15 A term coined "to refer to the faculty that allows humans to mentally project themselves backwards in time to re-live, or forwards to pre-live, events" (Suddendorf et Corballis, 2007, p. 299). « capacité de se détacher temporairement de son environnement immédiat pour voyager mentalement dans le temps et ainsi se souvenir d’événements de son passé (mémoire autobiographique ; e.g., son dernier dîner entre amis) ou imaginer des événements de son futur (pensée future ; e.g., sa prochaine communication en congrès). » (Ernst, 2019, p. 41). mental time travel voyage mental dans le temps Frank Arnould Nigro, G., & Neisser, U. (1983). Point of view in personal memories. Cognitive Psychology, 15(4), 467–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(83)90016-6 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 field memory field perspective first-person perspective perspective du champ perspective à la première personne point de vue d'acteur souvenir du champ An expression that is used when the visual image of an autobiographical memory reproduces the same perspective that was experienced during the event. On parle du point de vue du champ lorsque l'image visuelle d'un souvenir autobiographique reproduit la même perspective que celle vécue lors de l'évènement réel. field point of view point de vue du champ Frank Arnould Schmidt, S. R. (1991). Can we have a distinctive theory of memory? Memory & Cognition, 19(6), 523-542. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197149 2017-12-04 2022-01-11 distinctivité mnésique singularité du souvenir Degree to which a memory stands out from other memories. Degré avec lequel un souvenir se démarque d'autres souvenirs. singularité des souvenirs distinctivité du souvenir memory distinctiveness Adler, J. M. (2017, August 2). The Nature of Narrative Coherence: An Empirical Approach. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/EHMWP Garry, M. (2020, August 23). Judgments of memory coherence depend on the conditions under which a memory is retrieved, regardless of reported PTSD symptoms. https://osf.io/jzbr7 Vanaken, L. (2020, April 14). Memory coherence and the response of others. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/534NQ Vanaken, L. (2020, April 30). Social Anxiety & Narrative Coherence. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/WF5HN Vanaken, L. (2020, May 3). The relations between narrative coherence, trauma, social support, psychological well-being and cortisol responses. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/3H7QM Vanderveren, E., Aerts, L., Rousseaux, S., Bijttebier, P., & Hermans, D. (2018). Influence of an induced negative emotional state on autobiographical memory coherence [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/k294y/ Frank Arnould Reese, E., Haden, C. A., Baker-Ward, L., Bauer, P., Fivush, R., & Ornstein, P. A. (2011). Coherence of personal narratives across the lifespan : A multidimensional model and coding method. Journal of Cognition and Development, 12(4), 424‑462. https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2011.587854 2022-02-07 2023-09-04 autobiographical memory coherence coherent autobiographical memory cohérence de la mémoire autobiographique cohérence des souvenirs autobiographiques récit personnel cohérent « un récit personnel cohérent est un récit qui a du sens pour un auditeur naïf - non seulement pour comprendre quand, où et quel événement a eu lieu, mais aussi pour comprendre la signification de cet événement pour le narrateur. » (Reese et al., 2011, p. 465). “a coherent personal narrative is one that makes sense to a naïve listener—not just in terms of understanding when, where, and what event took place but also with respect to understanding the meaning of that event to the narrator.“ (Reese et al., 2011, p. 465). coherent autobiographical memories récits personnels cohérents cohérence narrative narrative coherence Frank Arnould Tulving, E. (1985). Memory and consciousness. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, 26(1), 1‑12. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0080017 2017-12-04 2023-04-03 noetic awareness According to Tulving (1985), awareness of knowledge about the world (knowing), based on a sense of familiarity and associated with semantic memory. Selon Tulving (1985), niveau de conscience propre à la mémoire sémantique. Il se manifeste par la simple conscience de connaissances sur le monde, sur la base d’un sentiment de familiarité. conscience noétique noetic consciousness Frank Arnould Dafni-Merom, A., & Arzy, S. (2020). The radiation of autonoetic consciousness in cognitive neuroscience: A functional neuroanatomy perspective. Neuropsychologia, 143, 107477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107477 Sant’Anna, A., Michaelian, K., & Andonovski, N. (in press). Autonoesis and episodicity: Perspectives from philosophy of memory. WIREs Cognitive Science, e1665. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1665 Tulving, E. (1985). Memory and consciousness. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, 26(1), 1‑12. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0080017 Wheeler, M. A., Stuss, D. T., & Tulving, E. (1997). Toward a theory of episodic memory: the frontal lobes and autonoetic consciousness. Psychological Bulletin, 121(3), 331–354. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.121.3.331 Zaman, A., & Russell, C. (2022). Does autonoetic consciousness in episodic memory rely on recall from a first-person perspective? Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 34(1), 9-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2021.1922419 2017-12-04 2023-08-15 autonoesis autonoetic awareness autonoèse conscience de soi "Autonoetic (self-knowing) consciousness is the name given to the kind of consciousness that mediates an individual's awareness of his or her existence and identity in subjective time extending from the personal past through the present to the personal future." (Tulving, 1985, p. 1). « La conscience autonoétique (connaissance de soi) est le nom donné au type de conscience qui permet à un individu de prendre conscience de son existence et de son identité dans un temps subjectif qui s'étend du passé personnel au futur personnel, en passant par le présent. » (Tulving, 1985, p. 1). autonoetic consciousness conscience autonoétique Frank Arnould Nigro, G., & Neisser, U. (1983). Point of view in personal memories. Cognitive Psychology, 15(4), 467–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(83)90016-6 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 observer memory observer perspective perspective d'une personne tierce perspective de l'observateur point de vue du spectateur souvenir de l’observateur third-person perspective A term used when the subject sees him/herself in the visual image of an autobiographical memory. On parle du point de vue de l'observateur lorsque dans l'image visuelle d'un souvenir autobiographique le sujet se voit lui-même. observer point of view point de vue de l'observateur Frank Arnould Tulving, E. (2002). Chronesthesia: Conscious awareness of subjective time. In D. T. Stuss & R. C. Knight (Eds.), Principles of Frontal Lobe Function (p. 311-325). Oxford University Press. 2017-12-04 2023-03-19 Conscience du temps subjectif. Conscious awareness of subjective time. chronesthesia chronesthésie Frank Arnould Brainerd, C. J., Payne, D. G., Wright, R., & Reyna, V. F. (2003). Phantom recall. Journal of Memory and Language, 48(3), 445–467. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00501-6 Brainerd, C. J., Wright, R., Reyna, V. F., & Mojardin, A. H. (2001). Conjoint recognition and phantom recollection. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27(2), 307–327. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.27.2.307 Gallo, D. A., & Roediger, III, H. L. (2002). Variability among word lists in eliciting memory illusions: Evidence for associative activation and monitoring. Journal of Memory and Language, 47(3), 469–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00013-X 2017-12-04 2023-03-17 illusory recollection recollection illusoire Illusory but vivid recollection of the occurrence of an event. Remémoration illusoire, mais vivace, de l'occurrence d'un évènement. phantom recollection recollection fantôme Frank Arnould Tulving, E. (1985). Memory and consciousness. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, 26(1), 1‑12. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0080017 2017-12-04 2023-03-17 According to Tulving, procedural memory is said to be anoetic as it is expressed directly in behavior and action, i.e. without consciousness. Selon Tulving, la mémoire procédurale est dite anoétique car elle s’exprime directement dans les comportements et l’action, sans conscience. anoetic consciousness conscience anoétique Frank Arnould 2020-07-06 Morton, C., & MacLeod, A. K. (in press). Vividness of imagery and affective response to episodic memories and episodic future thoughts: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2224609 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] 2023-07-24 vividness A memory is vivid when it contains many details of the past experience. Un souvenir est vivace quand il contient de nombreux détails de l'expérience passée. vivacité des souvenirs memory vividness vivacité du souvenir Frank Arnould Yonelinas, A. P. (2002). The nature of recollection and familiarity : A review of 30 years of research. Journal of Memory and Language, 46(3), 441‑517. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.2002.2864 2017-12-04 2023-04-19 expérience recollective recollective experience remémoration reviviscence récollection Dans un test de reconnaissance, jugement qu'un item est ancien (a été étudié) accompagné de la récupération d'éléments spécifiques du contexte de mémorisation. In a recognition test, judgment that an item is old (has been studied) with the retrieval of specific elements of the acquisition context. expériences recollectives recollections recollective experiences remémorations reviviscences récollections recollection recollection 2023-03-30 Frank Arnould Johnson, M. K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D. S. (1993). Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin, 114(1), 3–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.3 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Johnson, M. K. (1997). Source monitoring and memory distortion. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 352(1362), 1733–1745. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1997.0156 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Mitchell, K. J., & Johnson, M. K. (2009). Source monitoring 15 years later: What have we learned from fMRI about the neural mechanisms of source memory? Psychological Bulletin, 135(4), 638–677. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015849 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human SMF théorie du contrôle de la source A theory that the phenomenal qualities of a mental experience are used to attribute a source to a memory (Johnson et al., 1993). For example, a memory will be attributed to a perceived event in the past if it contains more perceptual, temporal, spatial, and affective details, whereas a memory will be attributed to imagination if it contains more frequent references to cognitive operations. Théorie selon laquelle les qualités phénoménales d’une expérience mentale servent à attribuer une source à un souvenir (Johnson et al., 1993). Par exemple, un souvenir sera attribué à un événement perçu dans le passé s’il contient un plus grand nombre de détails perceptifs, temporels, spatiaux et affectifs, alors qu’un souvenir sera attribué à l’imagination s’il fait plus souvent référence à des opérations cognitives. source monitoring framework théorie de la surveillance de la source Nelson, T. O., Narens, L., & Dunlosky, J. (2004). A revised methodology for research on metamemory : Pre-Judgment Recall and Monitoring (PRAM). Psychological Methods, 9(1), 53‑69. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.9.1.53 2021-07-05 2023-09-04 metamemorial judgment Subjective assessment of one's current memory state. Évaluation subjective de l’état actuel de sa mémoire. jugements métamnésiques metamemorial judgments metamemory judgement metamemory judgements metamemory judgments jugement métamnésique metamemory judgment Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Dunlosky, J., & Bjork, R. A. (Eds.). (2013). Handbook of Metamemory and Memory. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Dunlosky, J., & Tauber, S. (Eds.). (2016). The Oxford handbook of metamemory. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Flavell, J. H. (1971). First discussant’s comments: What is memory development the development of? Human Development, 14(4), 272–278. https://doi.org/10.1159/000271221 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Le Berre, A.-P., Eustache, F., & Beaunieux, H. (2009). La métamémoire : théorie et clinique. Revue de neuropsychologie, 1(4), 312–320. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.014.0312 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-09-05 La métamémoire concerne 1) les connaissances que possède une personne sur la mémoire en général et sur sa mémoire en particulier et 2) les processus de surveillance (monitoring) et de contrôle de sa mémoire pendant la réalisation d'une tâche mnésique. Metamemory is 1) the knowledge that a person has about memory in general and about his /her memory in particular and 2) the monitoring and control processes during a memory task. meta-memory metamemorial metamemory métamémoire Frank Arnould Hampton, J. A. (2006). Concepts as prototypes. In Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 46, p. 79–113). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(06)46003-5 Rosch, E. (1975). Cognitive representations of semantic categories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 104(3), 192-233. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.104.3.192 2017-12-04 2023-03-31 Le prototype correspond à la tendance centrale des exemplaires d'une catégorie. Il est le résultat d'une abstraction de ces exemplaires qui ne conserve que leurs attributs les plus typiques et communs. The prototype represents the central tendency of exemplars of a semantic cagegory, retaining their most typical and common properties. prototypes prototypes prototype prototype Frank Arnould Bousfield, W. A. (1953). The occurrence of clustering in the recall of randomly arranged associates. Journal of General Psychology, 49(2), 229. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1953.9712878 Cohen, H., & Lefebvre, C. (Eds.). (2017). Handbook of categorization in cognitive science (Second edition). Elsevier. 2017-12-04 2022-04-29 classification classification Processus cognitif consistant à répartir des éléments dans des classes en fonction de la similarité de leurs propriétés. La catégorisation peut être utilisée comme une stratégie de codage ou de récupération des souvenirs. The cognitive process of assigning items to classes based on the similarity of their properties. Categorization can be used as a strategy for encoding or retrieving memories. categorisation categorization catégorisation Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Bhatia, S., & Richie, R. (in press). Transformer networks of human conceptual knowledge. Psychological Review. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000319 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Carbonnel, S., Charnallet, A., & Moreaud, O. (2010). Organisation des connaissances sémantiques : Des modèles classiques aux modèles non abstractifs. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 2(1), 22‑30. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.021.0022 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Eysenck, M. W. (2015). Semantic mermory and stored knowledge. In A. D. Baddeley, M. C. Anderson, & M. W. Eysenck (Eds.), Memory (Second Edition, p. 165–193). Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Jones, M. N., Willits, J. A., & Dennis, S. (2015). Models of semantic memory. In J. R. Busemeyer, Z. Wang, J. T. Townsend, & A. Eidels (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of computational and mathematical psychology (p. 232‑254). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Kumar, A. A. (2021). Semantic memory : A review of methods, models, and current challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(1), 40‑80. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01792-x [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Laisney, M. (2011). L’évaluation et l’organisation de la mémoire sémantique. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 3(3), 176‑180. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.033.0176 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Mirman, D., Landrigan, J.-F., & Britt, A. E. (2017). Taxonomic and thematic semantic systems. Psychological Bulletin, 143(5), 499–520. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000092 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Renoult, L., & Rugg, M. D. (2020). An historical perspective on Endel Tulving’s episodic-semantic distinction. Neuropsychologia, 139, 107366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107366 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Snowden, J. S. (2015). Semantic Memory. In J. D. Wright (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition) (p. 572–578). Elsevier. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Tulving, E. (1972). Episodic and semantic memory. In W. Donaldson (Ed.), Organization of Memory (p. 381‑402). Academic Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Tulving, E. (1972). Mémoire épisodique et mémoire sémantique. Dans S. Nicolas & P. Piolino (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire (pp. 85–106). De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Yee, E., Jones, M., & McRae, K. (2018). Semantic memory. In S. L. Thompson-Schill (Ed.), Steven’s handbook of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience. (4th ed., Vol. 3, pp. 319-356). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119170174.epcn309 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-03-30 cognition sémantique conceptual knowledge conceptual memory conceptual system connaissances conceptuelles connaissances générales connaissances sémantiques decontextualized memory general knowledge generic memory mémoire conceptuelle mémoire décontextualisée mémoire générique mémoire propositionnelle propositional memory représentation sémantique semantic cognition semantic knowledge semantic representation système conceptuel Long-term memory of world knowledge (words, concepts, facts...) independent of the spatio-temporal context of acquisition. Mémoire à long terme spécialisée dans la connaissance du monde (mots, concepts, faits...) indépendante du contexte spatio-temporel d'acquisition. Dans les conceptions récentes, la mémoire sémantique est dite noétique ce qui signifie qu'elle s'accompagne d'une simple conscience d'une connaissance sur le monde sur la base d'un sentiment de familiarité. représentations sémantiques semantic memories semantic representations mémoire sémantique semantic memory Frank Arnould Barsalou, L. W., Dutriaux, L., & Scheepers, C. (2018). Moving beyond the distinction between concrete and abstract concepts. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 373(1752), 20170144. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0144 Laurence, S., & Margolis, E. (1999). Concepts and cognitive science. In E. Margolis & S. Laurence (Eds.), Concepts : Core readings (p. 3‑81). MIT Press. Machery, E. (2005). Doit-on se passer de la notion de concept? Actes Du Colloque de La SOPHA - Montréal - Septembre 2003 : “Language, Pensée, Action,” 2. http://poincare.univ-nancy2.fr/PhilosophiaScientiae/Electronicjournal/?contentId=2969 Machery, E. (2011). Doing without concepts. Oxford University Press. Margolis, E., & Laurence, S. (2019). Concepts. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2019/entries/concepts/ Murphy, G. (2002). The big book of concepts. MIT Press. Panaccio, C. (2011). Qu’est-ce qu’un concept ? Vrin. 2020-10-27 Bhatia, S., & Richie, R. (in press). Transformer networks of human conceptual knowledge. Psychological Review. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000319 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Jones, M. N., Willits, J. A., & Dennis, S. (2015). Models of semantic memory. In J. R. Busemeyer, Z. Wang, J. T. Townsend, & A. Eidels (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of computational and mathematical psychology (p. 232‑254). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 "A mental representation generalized from particular instances, and knowledge of its similarity to other concepts." (Jones et al., 2015, p. 250). « Représentation mentale généralisée à partir d’instances particulières, et connaissance de sa similarité avec d'autres concepts. » (Jones et al., 2015, p.250). Le concept comme représentation mentale est une approche populaire en terminologie et sciences cognitives, mais n'est pas la seule (voir, par exemple, Margolis & Laurence, 2019). The concept as mental representation is a popular approach in terminology and cognitive science, but it is not the only one (see, for example, Margolis & Laurence, 2019). concepts concepts concept concept Frank Arnould Collins, A. M., & Loftus, E. F. (1975). A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing. Psychological Review, 82(6), 407–428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.82.6.407 Collins, A. M., & Quillian, M. R. (1969). Retrieval time from semantic memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 8(2), 240–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(69)80069-1. Traduit dans Nicolas, S., & Piolino, M. P. (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire : fonctionnalisme et structuralisme. De Boeck Supérieur. Collins, A. M., & Quillian, M. R. (1969). Retrieval time from semantic memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 8(2), 240–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(69)80069-1. Traduit dans Nicolas, S., & Piolino, M. P. (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire : fonctionnalisme et structuralisme. De Boeck Supérieur. Quillian, M. R. (1967). Word concepts : A theory and simulation of some basic semantic capabilities. Behavioral Science, 12(5), 410‑430. https://doi.org/10.1002/bs.3830120511 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 Models of concept organization in semantic memory. Concepts are represented by nodes in the network and the relations between concepts are represented by edges. Modèles d'organisation des concepts en mémoire sémantique. Les concepts sont représentés par des nœuds dans le réseau et les relations entre concepts sont représentées par des liens (ou arcs) entre les nœuds. Certains réseaux sémantiques reposent sur une organisation hiérarchique d'inclusion de classes (Collins & Quillian, 1969). Dans d'autres réseaux sémantiques, les liens représentent la distance sémantique entre concepts (Collins & Loftus, 1975). Some semantic networks are based on a hierarchical organization of class inclusion (Collins & Quillian, 1969). In other semantic networks, edges represent the semantic distance between concepts (Collins & Loftus, 1975). réseaux sémantiques semantic networks réseau sémantique semantic network Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Billard, P., Clayton, N. S., & Jozet-Alves, C. (2019). Episodic memory. In J. Vonk & T. Shackelford (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior (p. 1–13). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1770-1 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Fan, C. L., Sokolowski, H. M., Rosenbaum, R. S., & Levine, B. (n.d.). What about “space” is important for episodic memory? WIREs Cognitive Science, n/a(n/a), e1645. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1645 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Huston, J. P., & Chao, O. Y. (2023). Probing the nature of episodic memory in rodents. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 144, 104930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104930 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Morton, C., & MacLeod, A. K. (in press). Vividness of imagery and affective response to episodic memories and episodic future thoughts: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2224609 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] Ranganath, C. (2022). What is episodic memory and how do we use it? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 26(12), 1059–1061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2022.09.023 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Renoult, L., Irish, M., Moscovitch, M., & Rugg, M. D. (2019). From knowing to remembering : The semantic–episodic distinction. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 23(12), 1041–1057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2019.09.008 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Renoult, L., & Rugg, M. D. (2020). An historical perspective on Endel Tulving’s episodic-semantic distinction. Neuropsychologia, 139, 107366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107366 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Robins, S. K. (2022). Episodic memory is not for the future. In A. Sant’Anna, C. J. McCarroll, & K. Michaelian (Eds.), Current controversies in philosophy of memory (pp. 166–184). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Sugar, J., & Moser, M.-B. (2019). Episodic memory: Neuronal codes for what, where, and when. Hippocampus, 29(12), 1190–1205. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.23132 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Tulving, E. (1972). Episodic and semantic memory. In W. Donaldson (Ed.), Organization of Memory (p. 381‑402). Academic Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Tulving, E. (1972). Mémoire épisodique et mémoire sémantique. Dans S. Nicolas & P. Piolino (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire (pp. 85–106). De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Tulving, E. (1984). Précis of Elements of episodic memory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7(2), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X0004440X [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Tulving, E. (2002). Episodic memory: From mind to brain. Annual Review of Psychology, 53(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135114 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Tulving, E., Eustache, F., Desgranges, B., & Viader, F. (2004). La mémoire épisodique : de l’esprit au cerveau. Revue Neurologique, 160(4, Part 2), 9–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0035-3787(04)70940-6 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Tulving, E., & Szpunar, K. K. (2009). Episodic memory. Scholarpedia, 4(8), 3332. https://doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.3332 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-08-22 WWW memory contextualized memory episodic autobiographical memory episodic-like memory event memory mémoire autobiographique épisodique mémoire contextualisée mémoire de type épisodique mémoire des évènements mémoire recollective recollective memory souvenir épisodique Memory of personal experiences (episodes) located in time and space. According to recent developments of the concept, episodic memory allows us to mentally travel to the past and to imagine the future through autonoetic consciousness. Mémoire à long terme déclarative spécialisée dans les expériences uniques, personnellement vécues et localisées dans le temps et l’espace (« épisodes »). Les évolutions récentes du concept par Tulving font intervenir les aspects phénoménologiques du souvenir épisodique pendant la récupération. La mémoire épisodique est ainsi associée à une conscience autonoétique, ce qui signifie que le souvenir épisodique est marqué par un type de conscience de telle sorte que l’expérience subjective au moment de la remémoration est identique à celle ressentie au moment de l’évènement vécu. La mémoire épisodique permet un voyage mental dans le passé, le présent et le futur. L'expression « mémoire de type épisodique » est essentiellement utilisée dans les études chez l'animal nonhumain. The phrase "episodic-like memory" is mainly used in non-human animal studies. episodic memories souvenirs épisodiques episodic memory mémoire épisodique Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-01-13 Dans une tâche d’amorçage, stimulus présenté initialement et dont on évalue l’influence de son traitement sur la performance dans une tâche cognitive ultérieure. In a priming task, initially presented stimulus. The influence of its processing on performance in a subsequent cognitive task is assessed. amorces primes amorce prime Frank Arnould Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/2010). La mémoire : recherches de psychologie experimentale (trad. S. Nicolas). L'harmattan. Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/1913). Memory: A contribution to experimental psychology. Columbia University. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Ebbinghaus/index.htm 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Syllabes (du type Consonne-Voyelle-Consonne) n'ayant aucun sens, utilisées pour la première fois par Ebbinghaus dans des épreuves de mémoire (1885), afin d'étudier le fonctionnement mnésique sans que celui-ci soit contaminé par la signification du matériel. Syllables (consonant-vowel-consonant) having no meaning, used for the first time by Ebbinghaus in memory experiments (1885) to study how memory operates when it is not contaminated by the meaning of the material. nonsense syllables syllabes sans signification Frank Arnould Le Ny, J.-F. (1980). Le conditionnement et l’apprentissage (6ème édition). Presses Universitaires de France. 2022-02-01 2023-09-04 "Stimulus that induces reinforcement." (Le Ny, 1980, p. 191). « Stimulus qui provoque un renforcement » (Le Ny, 1980, p. 191). reinforcers renforçateurs reinforcer renforçateur Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 foil lure Dans un test de reconnaissance, les distracteurs sont de nouveaux items présentés au moment du test de la mémoire, ils n'ont donc pas été étudiés par le sujet. In a recognition memory test, distractors are new items presented during the test, which have therefore not been studied by the subject. distracteurs distractors foils lures distracteur distractor Frank Arnould Kernbaum, S. (Ed.) (1990). Dictionnaire de médecine. Flammarion. 2020-11-02 2023-09-04 " Mass of protoplasm bounded by a membrane and enclosing a nucleus, corresponding to the smallest amount of structured living matter, endowed with autonomous life and capable of self-reproduction." (Kernbaum, 1990, p. 163). « Masse de protoplasme limitée par une membrane et renfermant un noyau, correspondant à la plus petite quantité de matière vivante structurée, douée de vie autonome et susceptible de se reproduire. » (Kernbaum, 1990, p. 163). cells cellules cell cellule Frank Arnould 2020-11-02 2023-09-04 Anatomical structure with a specific function. Structure anatomique exerçant une fonction spécifique. organes organs organ organe Frank Arnould Bekinschtein, P., Cammarota, M., & Medina, J. H. (2014). BDNF and memory processing. Neuropharmacology, 76, 677–683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.04.024 Miranda, M., Morici, J. F., Zanoni, M. B., & Bekinschtein, P. (2019). Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor : A key molecule for memory in the healthy and the pathological brain. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2019.00363 2018-07-31 2021-08-16 BDNF BDNF abrineurin facteur neurotrophique issu du cerveau « membre d'une famille de facteurs neurotrophiques impliqués de manière déterminante dans la régulation de la survie et de la différenciation des populations neuronales au cours du développement [et] régule la structure et les fonctions de différents circuits neuronaux tout au long de la vie. » (Bekinschtein et al., 2014, p. 677). “a member of a family of neurotrophic factors critically involved in regulating the survival and differentiation of neuronal populations during development [and] the structure and functions of different neuronal circuits throughout life.“ (Bekinschtein et al., 2014, p. 677). brain-derived neurotrophic factor facteur neurotrophique dérivé du cerveau Frank Arnould Bickle, J., & Bickle, J. (2021). The first two decades of CREB-memory research : Data for philosophy of neuroscience. AIMS Neuroscience, 8(3), 322‑339. https://doi.org/10.3934/Neuroscience.2021017 Dubynina, E. V., & Dolotov, O. V. (2009). The CREB transcription factor and processes of memory formation. Neurochemical Journal, 3(3), 155–163. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1819712409030015 2017-12-04 2021-08-27 CREB binding protein CREB protein cAMP response element-binding factor protéine CBP protéine CREB A transcription factor that promotes synaptic plasticity and allows the formation of long-term memories. These depend on the activation of CREB-1 and inactivation of CREB-2. Facteur de transcription favorisant la plasticité synaptique et permettant la formation de souvenirs à long terme. Celles-ci dépendent de l'activation de CREB-1 et de l'inactivation de CREB-2. CREB factor facteur CREB Frank Arnould Miyashita, T., Kikuchi, E., Horiuchi, J., & Saitoe, M. (2018). Long-term memory engram cells are established by c-Fos/CREB transcriptional cycling. Cell Reports, 25(10), 2716-2728.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.11.022 2021-08-27 2023-09-04 Facteur de transcription intervenant dans la formation de souvenirs à long terme. Transcription factor involved in the formation of long-term memories. c-fos c-fos 2021-08-09 2023-09-04 human organisms organismes humains human organism organisme humain Frank Arnould Decker, A. L., & Duncan, K. (2020). Acetylcholine and the complex interdependence of memory and attention. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 32, 21–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2020.01.013 Micheau, J., & Marighetto, A. (2011). Acetylcholine and memory: A long, complex and chaotic but still living relationship. Behavioural Brain Research, 221(2), 424–429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2010.11.052 2017-12-04 2021-08-09 ACh ACh Neurotransmetteur impliqué dans les processus d’apprentissage et de mémoire. En particulier, dans l’hippocampe, l’ACh jouerait un rôle dans la mémoire relationnelle, la coordination de systèmes cérébraux de la mémoire (l’amygdale pour la mémoire émotionnelle, le striatum pour la mémoire procédurale). Un taux élevé d’ACh dans l’hippocampe facilite l’encodage des informations en mémoire, alors qu’un niveau faible d’ACh permet la consolidation de nouveaux souvenirs (Micheau & Marighetto, 2011). Les récepteurs de l’ACh sont les récepteurs nicotiniques et muscariniques. Neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory processes. In particular, in the hippocampus, ACh plays a role in relational memory, coordination of brain systems memory (amygdala for emotional memory, the striatum for procedural memory). A high level of ACh in the hippocampus facilitates the encoding of information in memory, whereas a low level of ACh allows the consolidation of new memories (Micheau & Marighetto, 2011). ACh receptors are nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. acetylcholine acétylcholine Frank Arnould Riedel, G. (2003). Glutamate receptor function in learning and memory. Behavioural Brain Research, 140(1‑2), 1‑47. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-4328(02)00272-3 2017-12-04 2021-09-01 glutamic acid Excitatory neurotransmitter involved in long-term potentiation. Neurotransmetteur excitateur impliqué dans le mécanisme de potentialisation à long terme. glutamate glutamate Frank Arnould Kauppi, K., Nilsson, L.-G., Adolfsson, R., Eriksson, E., & Nyberg, L. (2011). KIBRA polymorphism is related to enhanced memory and elevated hippocampal processing. The Journal of Neuroscience, 31(40), 14218-14222. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3292-11.2011 Papassotiropoulos, A., Stephan, D. A., Huentelman, M. J., Hoerndli, F. J., Craig, D. W., Pearson, J. V., … de Quervain, D. J.-F. (2006). Common KIBRA alleles are associated with human memory performance. Science, 314(5798), 475-478. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1129837 2017-12-04 2018-04-11 Gene that plays an important role in the performance of episodic memory. In particular, bearers of the KIBRA T allele score higher in episodic memory tasks. Gène qui jouerait un rôle important dans la performance de la mémoire épisodique. En particulier, les porteurs de l'allèle KIBRA T obtiennent de meilleurs scores dans des tâches de mémoire épisodique. KIBRA gene gène KIBRA Frank Arnould 2018-07-31 2021-09-15 "A phosphatase is an enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate by hydrolysis of phosphoric acid esters." (source: http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000295) « Une phosphatase est une enzyme qui supprime un groupe phosphate de son substrat par hydrolyse des esters d'acide phosphorique. » (source : http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000295) phosphatase phosphatase Frank Arnould Giese, K. P., & Mizuno, K. (2013). The roles of protein kinases in learning and memory. Learning & Memory, 20(10), 540‑552. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.028449.112 2018-06-08 2022-01-13 "A protein kinase is a kinase enzyme that modifies other proteins by chemically adding phosphate groups to them (phosphorylation)." (source: http://www.drugtargetontology.org/dto/DTO_03300102 ) « Une protéine kinase est une enzyme kinase qui modifie d'autres protéines en leur ajoutant chimiquement des groupes phosphates (phosphorylation). » (source : http://www.drugtargetontology.org/dto/DTO_03300102) kinase proteins protéines kinases protein kinase protéine kinase Frank Arnould Otani, H., & Schwartz, B. L. (Éds.). (2018). Handbook of research methods in human memory. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429439957 2017-12-04 2023-09-04 Term for objective and subjective methods for studying memory. Terme désignant les méthodes objectives et subjectives d'étude de la mémoire. méthodes d'études de la mémoire study methods of memory méthode d'étude de la mémoire study method of memory 2021-08-18 2023-09-04 méthodes neurophysiologiques neurophysiological methods méthode neurophysiologique neurophysiological method Backman, L., Nyberg, L., Soveri, A., Johansson, J., Andersson, M., Dahlin, E., Neely, A. S., Virta, J., Laine, M., & Rinne, J. O. (2018). Data from : Effects of working-memory training on striatal dopamine release [Data set]. Dryad Digital Repository. doi:10.5061/dryad.37bj2?ver=2018-02-07T14:44:52.864-05:00 Bäckman, L., Waris, O., Johansson, J., Andersson, M., Rinne, J. O., Alakurtti, K., Soveri, A., Laine, M., & Nyberg, L. (2017). Data from : Increased dopamine release after working-memory updating training: neurochemical correlates of transfer [Data set]. doi:10.5061/dryad.p4q04 Clark, Cameron; Lawlor-Savage, Linette (2017). Working Memory Trial Data. figshare. Dataset. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.4551517.v3 De Simoni, C., & von Bastian, C. C. (2018, April 15). Working Memory Updating and Binding Training: Bayesian Evidence Supporting the Absence of Transfer. https://osf.io/fy5ku/ Fellman, D., Jylkkä, J., Laine, M., Soveri, A., Waris, O., & Nyman, T. J. (2019, September 28). The role of strategy use in working memory training outcomes. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/Q7XE2 Forsberg, A., Fellman, D., & Laine, M. (2019, December 1). Strategy Instruction in Working Memory Training in Younger and Older Adults. https://osf.io/yf7pq/ Guye, S., & von Bastian, C. C. (2017, September 27). Working Memory Training in Older Adults. https://osf.io/zrj3q/ Redick, T. (2019, April 8). The role of proactive interference in working memory training and transfer. https://osf.io/n7z3n/ Rodas, J. A., & Greene, C. (2020, August 11). Effects of computerised cognitive training on working memory: A meta-analysis. https://osf.io/54xsq/ S1 Dataset—Transfer after Working Memory Updating Training. (2015). [Data set]. PLOS ONE. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0138734.s001 Sala, G. (2019, September 16). Data: Working Memory Training in Typically Developing Children: A Multilevel Meta-Analysis. https://osf.io/bw8pg/ Watrin, L., Hülür, G., & Wilhelm, O. (2022, February 22). Training Working Memory for Two Years – No Evidence of Transfer to Intelligence. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.4551517.v3 Wiemers, E. A., Redick, T., & Morrison, A. (2018, November 26). The Influence of Individual Differences in Cognitive Ability on Working Memory Training Gains. https://osf.io/peswn/ ros, laura. (2018, May 7). Working memory training. https://osf.io/x75fu/ Frank Arnould Charest-Girard, C., & Parent, V. (2018). Entraînement de la mémoire de travail : Effets sur la performance en mathématiques. Canadian journal of experimental psychology = Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale, 72(2), 127‑139. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000140 Corbin, L., & Camos, V. (2013). L’entrainement de la mémoire de travail et les apprentissages scolaires. ANAE - Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l’Enfant, 123, 113‑119. Dentz, A., Parent, V., Gauthier, B., Guay, M.-C., & Romo, L. (2016). L’entraînement de la mémoire de travail par le programme Cogmed et le TDAH. Psychologie Française, 61(2), 139‑151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psfr.2015.06.002 Hou, J., Jiang, T., Fu, J., Su, B., Wu, H., Sun, R., & Zhang, T. (2020). The long-term efficacy of working memory training in healthy older adults : A systematic review and meta-analysis of 22 randomized controlled trials. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 75(8), e174‑e188. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbaa077 Novick, J. M., Bunting, M. F., Dougherty, M. R., & Engle, R. W. (Eds.). (2019). Cognitive and working memory training: Perspectives from psychology, neuroscience, and human development. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199974467.001.0001 Redick, T. S. (2019). The hype cycle of working memory training. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 0963721419848668. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721419848668 Rivard, C., Dentz, A., Romo, L., Parent, V., Guay, M. C., & Gauthier, B. (2020). Suivi à long terme des effets d’un entraînement de la mémoire de travail (Cogmed) auprès d’enfants présentant un TDA/H. Neuropsychiatrie de l’Enfance et de l’Adolescence, 68(1), 29‑38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2019.11.001 Sala, G., & Gobet, F. (2020). Working memory training in typically developing children : A multilevel meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 27(3), 423‑434. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01681-y Vernucci, S., Canet Juric, L., Introzzi, I., & Richard’s, M. M. (2019). Working memory training in children: A review of basic methodological criteria. Psychological Reports, 0033294119832978. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294119832978 Villemonteix, T. (2018). L’entraînement de la mémoire de travail est-il bénéfique pour les enfants présentant un trouble déficit de l’attention/hyperactivité ? Neuropsychiatrie de l’Enfance et de l’Adolescence, 66(1), 3‑12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2017.07.003 2022-02-24 2023-09-04 programme d'entraînement de la mémoire de travail working memory training program A program designed to improve working memory functioning, either through repeated practice of working memory tasks or through explicit instruction in memory strategies (visual imagery, chaining, subvocal rehearsal, elaboration, etc.). Programme visant à améliorer le fonctionnement de la mémoire de travail, soit par la réalisation répétée de tâches de mémoire de travail, soit par l'enseignement explicite de stratégies de mémorisation (imagerie visuelle, chaînage, répétition subvocale, élaboration, etc.). entraînement de la mémoire de travail working memory training Frank Arnould Gopi, Y., Wilding, E., & Madan, C. R. (2022). Memory rehabilitation : Restorative, specific knowledge acquisition, compensatory, and holistic approaches. Cognitive Processing, 23(4), 537‑557. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10339-022-01099-w Meulemans, T., Desgranges, B., Adam, S., & Eustache, F. (Éds.) (2003). Évaluation et prise en charge des troubles mnésiques. Solal. Vianin, P. (2020). La remédiation cognitive, un outil pour le rétablissement. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 12(3), 273‑279. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2020.0589 Wilson, B. A. (2008). Neuropsychological Rehabilitation. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 4(1), 141‑162. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.4.022007.141212 Wilson, B. A. (2023). Memory rehabilitation: To what extent does theory influence clinical practice? In R. H. Logie, Z. Wen, S. E. Gathercole, N. Cowan, & R. W. Engle (Eds.), Memory in science for society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 405–425). Oxford University Press. Wilson, B.A. (2009). Memory rehabilitation: Integrating theory and practice. Guilford Press. 2018-10-11 2023-04-12 cognitive remediation remédiation cognitive rééducation cognitive A collection of neuropsychological methods designed to help patients to recover or compensate for lost cognitive skills. Ensemble de méthodes en neuropsychologie dont l'objectif est de permettre aux patients de récupérer les aptitudes cognitives perdues ou de les aider à les compenser. remédiations cognitives réhabilitations cognitives rééducations cognitives cognitive rehabilitation réhabilitation cognitive Cottraux, J. (2020). Les psychothérapies cognitives et comportementales (7ᵉ éd.). Elsevier-Masson. https://www.elsevier-masson.fr/les-psychotherapies-cognitives-et-comportementales-9782294767784.html 2020-10-15 2023-09-04 CBT TCC cognitive behavior therapy cognitive behavioral psychotherapy psychothérapie cognitivo-comportementale thérapie comportementale et cognitive Ensemble de techniques psychothérapeutiques qui visent à agir sur les comportements et systèmes de croyances des patients pour les aider à gérer leurs difficultés. Psychotherapeutic techniques designed to modify patients' behaviors and belief systems to help them cope with their difficulties. cognitive behavior therapies cognitive behavioral psychotherapies cognitive behavioral therapies cognitive behaviour therapies cognitive behaviour therapy cognitive behavioural psychotherapies cognitive behavioural psychotherapy cognitive behavioural therapies cognitive behavioural therapy psychothérapie cognitivo-comportementales thérapies cognitivo-comportementales thérapies comportementales et cognitives cognitive behavioral therapy thérapie cognitivo-comportementale Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-04-18 acquisition d'un souvenir acquisition of memory codage coding formation de la trace memory acquisition memory formation trace formation Processus par lequel le format d’une information est transformé dans un autre format compatible avec le stockage en mémoire. The process by which the format of information is transformed into another format compatible with memory storage. formation des traces encodage encoding Frank Arnould Amer, T., & Davachi, L. (2023). Extra-hippocampal contributions to pattern separation. ELife, 12, e82250. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.82250 Liu, K. Y., Gould, R. L., Coulson, M. C., Ward, E. V., & Howard, R. J. (2016). Tests of pattern separation and pattern completion in humans—A systematic review. Hippocampus, 26(6), 705–717. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22561 Quiroga, R. Q. (2020). No pattern separation in the human hippocampus. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 24(12), 994-1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2020.09.012 Rolls, E. T. (2013). The mechanisms for pattern completion and pattern separation in the hippocampus. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2013.00074. Yassa, M. A., & Stark, C. E. L. (2011). Pattern separation in the hippocampus. Trends in Neurosciences, 34(10), 515-525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2011.06.006 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 memory separation Dans l’hippocampe, processus par lequel des représentations similaires sont stockées de manière distincte les unes des autres, sans chevauchement. Il s'agit d'une sorte de désambiguïsation de traces mnésiques similaires, afin d'éviter des phénomènes d'interférence. In the hippocampus, the process by which similar representations are stored separately from each other without overlap, a kind of disambiguation of similar memory traces, to avoid interference phenomena. pattern separation séparation de pattern Frank Arnould Huijgen, J., & Samson, S. (2015). The hippocampus: A central node in a large-scale brain network for memory. Revue Neurologique, 171(3), 204–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2015.01.557 Miry, O., Li, J., & Chen, L. (2021). The quest for the hippocampal memory engram: From theories to experimental evidence. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 14. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2020.632019 Moscovitch, M., Cabeza, R., Winocur, G., & Nadel, L. (2016). Episodic memory and beyond: The hippocampus and neocortex in transformation. Annual Review of Psychology, 67, 105–134. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143733 Ross, T. W., & Easton, A. (2022). The hippocampal horizon: Constructing and segmenting experience for episodic memory. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 132, 181–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.038 Slotnick, S. D. (2022). The hippocampus and long-term memory. Cognitive Neuroscience, 13(3‑4), 113‑114. https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2022.2128736 Waters, S. J., Basile, B. M., & Murray, E. A. (in press). Reevaluating the role of the hippocampus in memory: A meta-analysis of neurotoxic lesion studies in nonhuman primates. Hippocampus. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.23499 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 Structure du lobe temporal médian intervenant dans différentes activités mnésiques, comme la consolidation des souvenirs déclaratifs, la mémoire épisodique, la mémoire relationnelle et contextuelle, la mémoire de travail ou encore la mémoire spatiale. L'hippocampe est connecté à de nombreuses régions corticales et sous-corticales et serait aussi impliqué dans des activités cognitives non mnésiques. Structure of the medial temporal lobe involved in different memory activities, such as the consolidation of declarative memories, episodic memory, relational and contextual memory, working memory or spatial memory. The hippocampus is connected to many cortical and subcortical regions and is also involved in non-mnemonic cognitive activities. hippocampal hippocampi hippocampe hippocampus Frank Arnould Couperus, J. W., Lydic, K. O., Hollis, J. E., Roy, J. L., Lowe, A. R., Bukach, C. M., & Reed, C. L. (2021). Individual differences in working memory and the N2pc. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 15, 109. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.620413 Eimer, M. (1996). The N2pc component as an indicator of attentional selectivity. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 99(3), 225‑234. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(96)95711-9 Luck, S. J., & Hillyard, S. A. (1994). Spatial filtering during visual search : Evidence from human electrophysiology. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 20(5), 1000‑1014. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.20.5.1000 2021-11-15 2023-09-04 N2pc N2pc Composante négative des potentiels évoqués cognitifs, enregistrée par les électrodes placées sur la partie postérieure du scalp, apparaissant entre 180 et 300 ms après le début du stimulus visuel et dans l’hémisphère controlatéral au côté du stimulus attendu (par exemple, dans l'hémisphère gauche quand le stimulus est présenté dans le champ visuel droit). Negative component in event-related potentials, recorded by electrodes placed on the posterior part of the scalp, appearing between 180 and 300 ms after the onset of the visual stimulus and in the hemisphere contralateral to the side of the attended stimulus (e.g., in the left hemisphere when the stimulus is presented in the right visual field). N2 posterior contralateral component composante N2 postérieure controlatérale Fields, E. C., & Gutchess, A. (2021, February 5). Late frontal positivity effects in self-referential memory: Unique to the self? https://osf.io/svu4c/ Frank Arnould Colás-Blanco, I., Mioche, J., La Corte, V., & Piolino, P. (2022). The role of temporal distance of the events on the spatiotemporal dynamics of mental time travel to one’s personal past and future. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 2378. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05902-8 Goldmann, R. E., Sullivan, A. L., Droller, D. B. J., Rugg, M. D., Curran, T., Holcomb, P. J., Schacter, D. L., Daffner, K. R., & Budson, A. E. (2003). Late frontal brain potentials distinguish true and false recognition: NeuroReport, 14(13), 1717‑1720. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200309150-00012 Hayama, H. R., Johnson, J. D., & Rugg, M. D. (2008). The relationship between the right frontal old/new ERP effect and post-retrieval monitoring : Specific or non-specific? Neuropsychologia, 46(5), 1211‑1223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.11.021 Leynes, P. A. (2012). Event-related potential (ERP) evidence for source-monitoring based on the absence of information. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 84(3), 284‑295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.03.007 Leynes, P. A., & Kakadia, B. (2013). Variations in retrieval monitoring during action memory judgments : Evidence from event-related potentials (ERPs). International Journal of Psychophysiology, 87(2), 189‑199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.01.004 Mecklinger, A. (2000). Interfacing mind and brain : A neurocognitive model of recognition memory. Psychophysiology, 37(5), 565‑582. Porter, N., Fields, E., Moore, I., & Gutchess, A. (2021). Late frontal positivity effects in self-referential memory : Unique to the self? Social Neuroscience, 16(4), 406‑422. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470919.2021.1929460 Wilding, E. L., & Rugg, M. D. (1996). An event-related potential study of recognition memory with and without retrieval of source. Brain: A Journal of Neurology, 119 ( Pt 3), 889‑905. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/119.3.889 2022-02-14 2023-09-04 LFE late frontal positivity effect Composante positive et tardive dans les potentiels évoqués cognitifs, apparaissant entre 600 ms et durant jusqu’à 2000 ms dans le lobe frontal droit, reflétant les processus de surveillance des items récupérés en mémoire. Positive and late component in event-related potentials, appearing between 600 ms and lasting up to 2000 ms in the right frontal lobe, reflecting monitoring processes of retrieved items from memory. effet frontal tardif late frontal effect Frank Arnould Friedman, D., & Johnson Jr., R. (2000). Event-related potential (ERP) studies of memory encoding and retrieval : A selective review. Microscopy Research and Technique, 51(1), 6‑28. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0029(20001001)51:1<6::AID-JEMT2>3.0.CO;2-R 2017-12-04 2022-02-14 composante positive tardive late positive component Onde positive dans le cortex pariétal gauche apparaissant principalement entre 400 et 800 ms après qu'un stimulus a été reconnu par le sujet. Cette composante des potentiels évoqués cognitifs serait un indicateur des processus de remémoration consciente (recollection). Positive wave in the left parietal cortex appearing mainly between 400 and 800 ms after a stimulus has been recognized by the subject. This component of event-related potentials is an indicator of conscious recollection processes. LPC wave onde LPC Frank Arnould Hakim, N., Awh, E., & Vogel, E. K. (2021). Manifold visual working memory. In R. Logie, V. Camos, & N. Cowan (Eds.), Working memory : The state of the science (p. 311‑332). Oxford University Press. Luria, R., Balaban, H., Awh, E., & Vogel, E. K. (2016). The contralateral delay activity as a neural measure of visual working memory. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 62, 100‑108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.01.003 Vogel, E. K., & Machizawa, M. G. (2004). Neural activity predicts individual differences in visual working memory capacity. Nature, 428(6984), 748‑751. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02447 Vogel, E. K., McCollough, A. W., & Machizawa, M. G. (2005). Neural measures reveal individual differences in controlling access to working memory. Nature, 438(7067), 500‑503. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04171 2021-08-31 2023-09-04 CDA CNSW CSA SPCN contralateral negative slow wave contralateral search activity sustained posterior contralateral negativity A negative slow wave in the contralateral hemisphere where the items to be maintained are presented. CDA is an indicator of visual working memory capacity: its amplitude increases as the number of items to be maintained increases, but reaches an asymptote at 3-4 items. Onde lente négative sur l'hémisphère controlatéral à la position des éléments à retenir. Elle est un indice de la capacité de la mémoire de travail visuelle : son amplitude augmente à mesure que le nombre d'éléments à maintenir croît, mais atteint une asymptote à 3-4 éléments. activité du délai controlatérale contralateral delay activity Lee, J. (2023, January 11). Three-level meta-analysis of the other-race bias in facial identification. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SJ2TG Frank Arnould Friedman, D., & Johnson Jr., R. (2000). Event-related potential (ERP) studies of memory encoding and retrieval : A selective review. Microscopy Research and Technique, 51(1), 6‑28. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0029(20001001)51:1<6::AID-JEMT2>3.0.CO;2-R Gonthier, C., & Hot, P. (2013). Apports de l’électroencéphalographie à la compréhension de la mémoire. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 5(4), 243–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2013.0280 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 frontal N400 Negative wave in the frontal lobe appearing between 300 and 500 ms after a stimulus has been recognized by the subject. This component of event-related potientials is an indicator of the stimulus familiarity. Onde négative dans le lobe frontal apparaissant entre 300 et 500 ms après qu'un stimulus a été reconnu par le sujet. Cette composante des potentiels évoqués cognitifs serait un indicateur de la familiarité du stimulus. FN400 wave onde FN400 Frank Arnould Campagne, A., & Vercueil, L. (2013). Électroencéphalographie. In P. Hot & S. Delplanque (Éds.), Électrophysiologie de la cognition (p. 19‑55). Dunod. 2021-09-17 2023-09-04 EEG EEG "[...] recording of electrical activity generated by brain neuronal functioning." (Campaign & Vercueil, 2013, p. 21). « [...] enregistrement de l’activité électrique générée par le fonctionnement neuronal cérébral. » (Campagne & Vercueil, 2013, p. 21). electroencephalography électroencéphalographie Frank Arnould Houdé, O., Mazoyer, B., & Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2010). Cerveau et psychologie (1ʳᵉ éd.). Presses Universitaires de France. 2017-12-04 2022-03-28 Part of the central nervous system located in the head and composed of the cerebrum, the cerebellum and the brain stem. Partie du système nerveux central situé dans la boîte crânienne et composé du cerveau, du cervelet et du tronc cérébral. brain encéphale Frank Arnould Ekstrom, A. D., Kahana, M. J., Caplan, J. B., Fields, T. A., Isham, E. A., Newman, E. L., & Fried, I. (2003). Cellular networks underlying human spatial navigation. Nature, 425(6954), Article 6954. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01964 O’Keefe, J., & Dostrovsky, J. (1971). The hippocampus as a spatial map. Preliminary evidence from unit activity in the freely-moving rat. Brain Research, 34(1), 171–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(71)90358-1 2018-10-02 2023-03-21 Neuron in the hippocampus that fires at a specific location when an animal is moving in the environment. Place cells have an important role in spatial memory and the construction of cognitive maps. Neurone présent dans l'hippocampe qui s'active à un endroit précis pendant le déplacement de l'animal dans l'environnement. Les cellules de lieu joueraient un rôle important dans la mémoire spatiale et l'élaboration de cartes cognitives. cellules de lieu place cells cellule de lieu place cell Frank Arnould Hafting, T., Fyhn, M., Molden, S., Moser, M.-B., & Moser, E. I. (2005). Microstructure of a spatial map in the entorhinal cortex. Nature, 436(7052), 801–806. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03721 Moser, E., & Moser, M.-B. (2007). Grid cells. Scholarpedia, 2(7), 3394. https://doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.3394 2018-10-08 2022-01-11 cellule de quadrillage Neuron in the entorhinal cortex that fires when the animal is in different places. All these positions form a hexagonal grid. The grid cells are thought to make it possible to code a global map of the environment. Neurone dans le cortex entorhinal qui décharge quand l’animal se trouve à différents endroits. L’ensemble de ces positions forme une grille hexagonale. Les cellules de grille permettraient de coder un référentiel global de l’environnement. cellules de grille cellules de quadrillage grid cells cellule de grille grid cell Oberauer, K. (2021, October 18). Benchmarks for Models of Short Term and Working Memory. https://osf.io/g49c6/ Frank Arnould Adams, E. J., Nguyen, A. T., & Cowan, N. (2018). Theories of working memory : Differences in definition, degree of modularity, role of attention, and purpose. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 49(3), 340‑355. https://doi.org/10.1044/2018_LSHSS-17-0114 Aubin, G., Coyette, F., Pradat-Diehl, P., & Vallat-Azouvi, C. (Eds.). (2007). Neuropsychologie de la mémoire de travail. Solal. Baddeley, A. D. (2002). Is working memory still working? European Psychologist, 7(2), 85–97. https://doi.org/10.1027//1016-9040.7.2.85 Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. J. (1974). Mémoire de travail. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 8, p. 47-89). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60452-1. Traduit dans : Nicolas, S., & Piolino, M. P. (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire : Fonctionnalisme et structuralisme (pp. 107-146). De Boeck Supérieur. Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. J. (1974). Working memory. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 8, p. 47-89). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60452-1 Baddeley, A. D., Hitch, G. J., & Allen, R. J. (2019). From short-term store to multicomponent working memory: The role of the modal model. Memory & Cognition, 47(4), 575–588. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0878-5 Baddeley, A.D. (1986). Working memory. Oxford University Press. Barrouillet, P., & Camos, V. (2014). Working memory: Loss and reconstruction. Psychology Press. Barrouillet, P., & Camos, V. (2022). La mémoire de travail : Théories, développement et pathologies. Mardaga. Chai, W. J., Abd Hamid, A. I., & Abdullah, J. M. (2018). Working memory from the psychological and neurosciences perspectives: A review. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00401 Cowan, N. (2017). The many faces of working memory and short-term storage. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24(4), 1158‑1170. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1191-6 Gaonac'h, D., Larigauderie, P. (2000). Mémoire et fonctionnement cognitif : la mémoire de travail. Armand Colin Gomez-Lavin, J. (2020). Working memory is not a natural kind and cannot explain central cognition. Review of Philosophy and Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-020-00507-4 Logie, R., Camos, V., & Cowan, N. (Eds.). (2021). Working memory: The state of the science. Oxford University Press. Ozimic, A. S. (2020). Working memory from the perspective of the multicomponent model and embedded-processes model. Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, 18(4), 516–524. https://doi.org/10.7906/indecs.18.4.2 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 M-space espace M "Working memory is a cognitive system specifically dedicated to the temporary maintenance and processing of information necessary for the completion of goal-directed tasks controlled by the subject." (Barrouillet & Camos, 2022, p. 45). « La mémoire de travail est un système cognitif spécifiquement dévolu au maintien temporaire et au traitement de l’information nécessaire à la réalisation de tâches orientées vers un but et contrôlées par le sujet. » (Barrouillet & Camos, 2022, p. 45). Le terme de mémoire de travail est polysémique. La définition de Barrouillet & Camos (2022, p. 45) représente, selon les auteurs, le noyau conceptuel commun de plusieurs définitions. Pour des définitions alternatives de la notion, voir Cowan (2017), Adams et al. (2018) et Logie et al. (2021). The term "working memory" is polysemous. The definition proposed by Barrouillet & Camos (2022, p. 45) represents, according to the authors, the common conceptual core of several definitions. For alternative definitions of the term, see Cowan (2017), Adams et al. (2018), and Logie et al. (2021). mémoire de travail working memory Oberauer, K. (2021, October 18). Benchmarks for Models of Short Term and Working Memory. https://osf.io/g49c6/ Frank Arnould Cowan, N. (2008). What are the differences between long-term, short-term, and working memory? In W. Sossin, J.-C. Lacaille, V. F. Castelucci, & S. Belleville (Eds.), Progress in Brain Research: The Essence of Memory (Vol. 169, p. 323–338). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6123(07)00020-9 Cowan, N. (2019). Short-term memory based on activated long-term memory : A review in response to Norris (2017). Psychological Bulletin, 145(8), 822‑847. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000199 Norris, D. (2017). Short-term memory and long-term memory are still different. Psychological Bulletin, 143(9), 992-1009. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000108 Oberauer, K., Lewandowsky, S., Awh, E., Brown, G. D. A., Conway, A., Cowan, N., Donkin, C., Farrell, S., Hitch, G. J., Hurlstone, M. J., Ma, W. J., Morey, C. C., Nee, D. E., Schweppe, J., Vergauwe, E., & Ward, G. (2018). Benchmarks for models of short-term and working memory. Psychological Bulletin, 144(9), 885‑958. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000153 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 STM active memory boite d’écho compartiment à court terme echo box immediate memory magasin à court terme mémoire active mémoire immédiate mémoire primaire primary memory rétention à court terme short-term retention short-term storage short-term store stockage à court terme A limited-capacity storage system in which information is held for a short duration (a few seconds) and is subject to rapid degradation. Système de stockage à capacité limitée, dans lequel les informations sont maintenues sur une courte durée (quelques secondes) et se détériorent rapidement. short term memory short term retention short term storage short term store mémoire à court terme short-term memory Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Fan, C. L., Sokolowski, H. M., Rosenbaum, R. S., & Levine, B. (n.d.). What about “space” is important for episodic memory? WIREs Cognitive Science, n/a(n/a), e1645. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1645 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-03-16 location memory mémoire des lieux place memory A generic term for the memory of both egocentric (relative to the subject's location) and allocentric (the position of an object relative to another object or location) spatial information. Terme générique pour désigner toute forme de mémoire des informations spatiales aussi bien égocentrées (relatives à la position du sujet lui-même) qu'allocentrées (position d'un objet relativement à un autre objet ou emplacement). mémoire spatiale spatial memory Frank Arnould 2018-08-03 2023-03-21 cortex associatif préfrontal prefrontal association cortex "Region of cortex of frontal lobe anterior to primary motor area and premotor area." (source: http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma224850) « Région du cortex du lobe frontal antérieur à l'aire motrice primaire et à l'aire prémotrice. » (source : http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma224850) cortex préfrontal prefrontal cortex Frank Arnould Kraus, B. J., Robinson II, R. J., White, J. A., Eichenbaum, H., & Hasselmo, M. E. (2013). Hippocampal « time cells »: time versus path integration. Neuron, 78(6), 1090-1101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2013.04.015 MacDonald, C. J., Lepage, K. Q., Eden, U. T., & Eichenbaum, H. (2011). Hippocampal "time cells" bridge the gap in memory for discontiguous events. Neuron, 71(4), 737-749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2011.07.012 Pastalkova, E., Itskov, V., Amarasingham, A., & Buzsaki, G. (2008). Internally generated cell assembly sequences in the rat hippocampus. Science, 321(5894), 1322-1327. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1159775 2017-12-04 2023-09-04 Les cellules de temps sont des neurones de l'hippocampe qui déchargent à des moments spécifiques. Découvertes chez le rat et le singe. Time cells are neurons in the hippocampus that fire at specific moments. Discovered in rats and monkeys. cellules de temps time cells cellule de temps time cell Frank Arnould Cowan, E. T., Schapiro, A. C., Dunsmoor, J. E., & Murty, V. P. (2021). Memory consolidation as an adaptive process. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(6), 1796–1810. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-01978-x Dudai, Y. (2004). The neurobiology of consolidations, or, how stable is the engram? Annual Review of Psychology, 55(1), 51-86. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142050 Gisquet-Verrier, P., & Riccio, D. C. (2018). Memory integration : An alternative to the consolidation/reconsolidation hypothesis. Progress in Neurobiology, 171, 15‑31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.10.002 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Gisquet-Verrier, P., & Riccio, D. C. (2022). Revisiting systems consolidation and the concept of consolidation. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 132, 420–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.12.003 Henri, V. (1900). Muller et Pilzecker : Nouvelles recherches expérimentales sur la mémoire. L’Année Psychologique, 7(1), 573-598. http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/psy_0003-5033_1900_num_7_1_3249 Lechner, H. A., Squire, L. R., & Byrne, J. H. (1999). 100 Years of Consolidation— Remembering Müller and Pilzecker. Learning & Memory, 6(2), 77-87. http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/6/2/77 Misanin, J. R., Miller, R. R., & Lewis, D. J. (1968). Retrograde amnesia produced by electroconvulsive shock after reactivation of a consolidated memory trace. Science, 160(3827), 554‑555. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.160.3827.554 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Nadel, L., & Moscovitch, M. (1997). Memory consolidation, retrograde amnesia and the hippocampal complex. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 7(2), 217–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-4388(97)80010-4 Nadel, L., Samsonovich, A., Ryan, L., & Moscovitch, M. (2000). Multiple trace theory of human memory: computational, neuroimaging, and neuropsychological results. Hippocampus, 10(4), 352-368. https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-1063(2000)10:4%3C352::aid-hipo2%3E3.0.co;2-d Pilzecker, A., & Pilzecker, Alfons. (1900). Experimentelle Beiträge zur Lehre vom Gedächtniss. Leipzig : J.A. Barth. http://archive.org/details/b28111916 Walker, M. P. (2005). A refined model of sleep and the time course of memory formation. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 28(1), 51-64. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X05000026 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 consolidation de la mémoire consolidation mnésique memory consolidation Processus permettant, avec le temps, le renforcement, la stabilisation, le transfert et la réorganisation des traces mnésiques. Time-dependent processes for strengthening, stabilizing, transferring and reorganizing memory traces. consolidation consolidation Jouvet, M. (1967). The states of sleep. Scientific American, 216(2), 62-75. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0267-62 Paller, K. A., Creery, J. D., & Schechtman, E. (2021). Memory and sleep : How sleep cognition can change the waking mind for the better. Annual Review of Psychology, 72, 123-50. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-050815 2020-11-03 Frank Arnould Nicolas Ribeiro 2023-04-03 deep sleep delta sleep non-REM sleep sommeil lent profond sommeil non-REM Le sommeil à ondes lentes est une phase du sommeil divisée en trois stades (N1, N2, N3) se caractérisant par une activité cérébrale de plus en plus lente et une réduction progressive de la fréquence cardiaque, de la respiration et de la température corporelle. Cette phase du sommeil est importante pour la régénération de l’organisme (Nicolas Ribeiro). Slow-wave sleep is a phase of sleep divided into three stages (N1, N2, N3) characterised by progressively slower brain activity and a gradual reduction in heart rate, breathing and body temperature. This phase of sleep is important for the regeneration of the body (Nicolas Ribeiro). slow-wave sleep slow wave sleep sommeil à ondes lentes Frank Arnould Sacktor, T. C., & Hell, J. W. (2017). The genetics of PKMζ and memory maintenance. Science Signaling, 10(505), eaao2327. https://doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.aao2327 2017-12-04 2022-01-11 PKMζ PKMζ protein kinase M zeta protéine kinase M zêta Enzyme, intervenant au niveau des synapses, qui serait impliquée dans le maintien actif des souvenirs consolidés en mémoire. Enzyme, intervening at the synapse level, involved in actively maintaining consolidated memories. protéines kinase M zêta protéines kinase Mζ protein kinase Mζ protéine kinase Mζ Frank Arnould Dixsaut, L., & Gräff, J. (2021). The medial prefrontal cortex and fear memory: Dynamics, connectivity, and engrams. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(22), 12113. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212113 Josselyn, S. A., & Tonegawa, S. (2020). Memory engrams : Recalling the past and imagining the future. Science, 367(6473). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw4325 Rao-Ruiz, P., Visser, E., Mitrić, M., Smit, A. B., & van den Oever, M. C. (2021). A synaptic framework for the persistence of memory engrams. Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsyn.2021.661476 Ryan, T. J., de San Luis, C. O., Pezzoli, M., & Sen, S. (2021). Engram cell connectivity: An evolving substrate for information storage. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 67, 215–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2021.01.006 Tonegawa, S., Liu, X., Ramirez, S., & Redondo, R. (2015). Memory engram cells have come of age. Neuron, 87(5), 918–931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2015.08.002 Tonegawa, S., Morrissey, M. D., & Kitamura, T. (2018). The role of engram cells in the systems consolidation of memory. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 19(8), 485–498. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-018-0031-2 Willems, T., & Henke, K. (2021). Imaging human engrams using 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging. Hippocampus, 31(12), 1257-1270. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.23391 2020-06-29 2022-06-07 cellular engram engram neuron engramme cellulaire memory engram cell neurone d'engramme Engram cells are "[...] neurons that are activated during an experience, that have undergone enduring physical or chemical changes and that can subsequently be selectively reactivated to produce the retrieval of that experience or inhibited to prevent its retrieval." (Tonegawa et al., 2018, p. 485). Les cellules d'engramme sont des « […] neurones activés au cours d'une expérience, qui ont subi des modifications physiques ou chimiques durables et qui peuvent ensuite être réactivés de manière sélective pour produire la récupération de cette expérience ou inhibés pour empêcher sa récupération» (Tonegawa et al., 2018, p. 485). cellular engrams cellules d'engramme engram cells engram neurons engrammes cellulaires memory engram cells neurones d'engramme cellule d'engramme engram cell Frank Arnould Nicolas Ribeiro Boyce, R., Williams, S., & Adamantidis, A. (2017). REM sleep and memory. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 44, 167–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2017.05.001 Jouvet, M. (1967). The states of sleep. Scientific American, 216(2), 62-75. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0267-62 2017-12-04 2023-04-03 REM REM sleep rapid eye movement sleep sommeil REM sommeil à mouvement oculaire rapide Le sommeil paradoxal est une phase du sommeil caractérisée par une activité cérébrale ressemblant à celle de l’éveil, une respiration irrégulière et rapide, une fréquence cardiaque rapide, et une atonie musculaire. Pendant cette phase, les yeux bougent rapidement et les rêves rapportés au réveil sont plus imagés (Nicolas Ribeiro). Paradoxical sleep is a phase of sleep characterised by brain activity similar to wakefulness, irregular and rapid breathing, rapid heart rate and muscular atonia. During this phase, the eyes move rapidly and the dreams reported on waking are more vivid (Nicolas Ribeiro). paradoxical sleep sommeil paradoxal Frank Arnould Brodt, S., & Gais, S. (2021). Memory engrams in the neocortex. The Neuroscientist, 27(4), 427–444. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073858420941528 Dudai, Y. (2004). The neurobiology of consolidations, or, how stable is the engram? Annual Review of Psychology, 55(1), 51-86. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142050 Gerber, B., Tanimoto, H., & Heisenberg, M. (2004). An engram found? Evaluating the evidence from fruit flies. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 14(6), 737–744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2004.10.014 Han, J.-H., Kushner, S. A., Yiu, A. P., Hsiang, H.-L., Buch, T., Waisman, A., Bontempi, B., Neve, R. L., Frankland, P. W., & Josselyn, S. A. (2009). Selective erasure of a fear memory. Science, 323(5920), 1492–1496. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164139 Josselyn, S. A., & Tonegawa, S. (2020). Memory engrams : Recalling the past and imagining the future. Science, 367(6473). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw4325 Josselyn, S. A., Köhler, S., & Frankland, P. W. (2015). Finding the engram. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 16(9), 521–534. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn4000 Josselyn, S. A., Köhler, S., & Frankland, P. W. (2017). Heroes of the engram. Journal of Neuroscience, 37(18), 4647–4657. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0056-17.2017 Lashley, K.S. (1950). In search of the engram. Society of Experimental Biology, Symposium No. 4: Physiological mechanisms in animal behaviour (pp. 454 -482). Cambridge University Press. Miry, O., Li, J., & Chen, L. (2021). The quest for the hippocampal memory engram: From theories to experimental evidence. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 14. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2020.632019 Najenson, J. (2021). What have we learned about the engram? Synthese, 199(3), 9581–9601. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-021-03216-2 Poo, M., Pignatelli, M., Ryan, T. J., Tonegawa, S., Bonhoeffer, T., Martin, K. C., Rudenko, A., Tsai, L.-H., Tsien, R. W., Fishell, G., Mullins, C., Gonçalves, J. T., Shtrahman, M., Johnston, S. T., Gage, F. H., Dan, Y., Long, J., Buzsáki, G., & Stevens, C. (2016). What is memory? The present state of the engram. BMC Biology, 14(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-016-0261-6 Robins, S. K. (2017). Memory traces. In S. Bernecker & K. Michaelian (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of philosophy of memory (pp. 76–87). Routledge. Robins, S. K. (2020). Stable engrams and neural dynamics. Philosophy of Science, 87(5), 1130–1139. https://doi.org/10.1086/710624 Schacter, D. L., Eich, J. E., & Tulving, E. (1978). Richard Semon’s theory of memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 17(6), 721–743. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(78)90443-7 Semon, R. (1904/1921). The Mneme. London: George Allen & Unwin. https://archive.org/details/cu31924100387210 Semon, R. (1909/1923). Mnemic Psychology. London: George Allen & Unwin. https://archive.org/details/mnemicpsychology032279mbp 2017-12-04 2023-04-12 empreinte mnésique memory engram memory trace mneme mnemonic trace mnesic trace mnème neurogram neurogramme trace mnésique "The engram may be defined as that entity that reflects the neural substrate of stored information resulting from past experience and bestowing upon organisms the ability to express memory in their behavior." (Josselyn et al., 2017, p. 4647). « L'engramme peut être défini comme l'entité qui reflète le substrat neural de l'information stockée résultant d'une expérience passée et conférant aux organismes la capacité d'exprimer leur mémoire dans leur comportement. » (Josselyn et al., 2017, p. 4647). empreintes mnésiques engrammes engrams memory traces mnemes mnemonic traces mnesic traces mnèmes neurogrammes neurograms traces mnésiques engram engramme Frank Arnould Kolers, P. A. (1973). Remembering operations. Memory & Cognition, 1(3), 347‑355. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198119 Kolers, P. A., & Roediger, H. L. (1984). Procedures of mind. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 23(4), 425‑449. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90282-2 Nicolas, S. (2000). La mémoire humaine, une perspective fonctionnaliste. L'Harmattan. Roediger, H., Weldon, M., & Challis, B. (1989). Explaining dissociations between implicit and explicit measures of retention: A processing account. In H. L. Roediger & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), Varieties of memory and consciousness: Essays in honor of Endel Tulving (pp. 3–41). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Roediger, H., Weldon, M., & Challis, B. (1989). Expliquer les dissociations entre mesures explicites et implicite de la rétention: une affaire de traitement. In H. L. Roediger & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), Varieties of memory and consciousness: Essays in honor of Endel Tulving (pp. 3–41). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Traduit dans S. Nicolas & P. Piolino (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire humaine (pp. 249-291). De Boeck. 2017-12-04 2022-02-18 procedural theories of memory théories procédurales de la mémoire A type of theory postulating that memory can be understood from the memory processes carried out by the subject rather than by postulating the existence of different structures or memory systems in which information is stored. Type de théorie postulant que le fonctionnement de la mémoire peut être compris à partir des opérations et des processus mnésiques mis en œuvre par le sujet plutôt qu'en postulant l'existence de différentes structures ou systèmes de la mémoire dans lesquels les informations seraient stockées. functionalist theories functionalist theory procedural theories procedural theory théorie fonctionnaliste théorie procédurale théories fonctionnalistes théories procédurales functionalist theories of memory théories fonctionnalistes de la mémoire Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 judgement of relative order jugement de l'ordre relatif Dans une tâche de récence relative, les sujets étudient tout d'abord une liste d'items présentés sériellement (un item après l'autre). L'expérimentateur leur présente ensuite deux items et ils doivent indiquer lequel des deux est apparu le plus récemment. In the relative recency task, subjects first study a list of items presented serially. They are then shown two items by the experimenter. They are asked to indicate which of the two items appeared the most recently. judgements of relative order jugements de l'ordre relatif jugements relatifs de récence relative judgement of recency relative judgements of recency relative judgments of recency jugement relatif de récence relative judgment of recency Frank Arnould Livingston, R. B. (1967). Brain circuitry relating to complex behavior. In G. C. Quarton, T. O. Melnechuk, & F. O. Schmitt (Eds.), The neurosciences: A study program (pp. 105–109). Rockefeller University Press. 2017-12-04 Brown, R., & Kulik, J. (1977). Flashbulb memories. Cognition, 5(1), 73–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(77)90018-X [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2022-04-01 Hypothetical mechanism whereby the context of a surprising and personally significant emotional event is thought to be stored automatically, in detail and with precision, which produces a flashbulb memory. Mécanisme hypothétique selon lequel le contexte d'un évènement émotionnel surprenant et personnellement important serait stocké automatiquement, dans le détail et avec précision, produisant ainsi un souvenir flash. Now Print! mechanism mécanisme de l'« empreinte du moment » Frank Arnould Aronowitz, S. (2022). Semanticization challenges the episodic–semantic distinction. The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 721760. https://doi.org/10.1086/721760 Brewer W. (1986). What is autobiographical memory? In: Rubin, D.C. (Ed.) Autobiographical Memory (pp. 25–49). Cambridge University Press. Cermak, L.S. (1984).The episodic semantic distinction in amnesia. In Squire L.R., & Butters N. (Eds). The Neuropsychology of Memory (pp. 55-62). The Guilford Press. 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 semanticization Decontextualizing process of episodic memories with the passage of time. Processus de décontextualisation des souvenirs épisodiques au fil du temps. semantization sémantisation Frank Arnould Maurer, D., Grand, R. L., & Mondloch, C. J. (2002). The many faces of configural processing. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(6), 255-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01903-4 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 configurational processing A mode of information processing used in expert perception and recognition of objects, such as faces, by taking into account the relationships between the components of the stimulus. Mode de traitement des informations qui serait utilisé dans la perception et la reconnaissance expertes d'objets, comme les visages, prenant en compte les relations entre les composants du stimulus. configural processing traitement configural Frank Arnould Chanquoy, L., Tricot, A., & Sweller, J. (2007). La charge cognitive : théorie et applications. Armand Colin. 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 capacité de traitement charge de travail charge mentale cognitive effort effort cognitif mental load processing capacity workload Niveau d'effort cognitif en mémoire de travail exigé par une tâche. The level of cognitive effort in working memory required by a task. capacités de traitement charges cognitives charges mentales cognitive efforts efforts cognitifs processing capacities charge cognitive cognitive load Frank Arnould Anderson, M. C., & Floresco, S. B. (2022). Prefrontal-hippocampal interactions supporting the extinction of emotional memories: The retrieval stopping model. Neuropsychopharmacology, 47(1), 180–195. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-021-01131-1 2021-09-10 2023-09-04 Effort intentionnel pour terminer la récupération d'un souvenir (Anderson & Floresco, 2022). Intentional effort for terminating the retrieval of a memory (Anderson & Floresco, 2022). arrêt de la récupération retrieval stopping Folville, A. (2020, February 3). The impact of age on the temporal compression of daily life events in episodic memory. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/SDHQF Olivier, J., & D’Argembeau, A. (2022, February 2). Memory editing: the role of temporal discontinuities in the compression of events in episodic memory. https://osf.io/wnpr5 Frank Arnould D’Argembeau, A., Jeunehomme, O., & Stawarczyk, D. (2022). Slices of the past: How events are temporally compressed in episodic memory. Memory, 30(1), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1896737 Jeunehomme, O., Folville, A., Stawarczyk, D., Van der Linden, M., & D’Argembeau, A. (2018). Temporal compression in episodic memory for real-life events. Memory, 26, 759–770. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1406120 ​ d’Argembeau, A. (2022). Le temps du souvenir. Revue de neuropsychologie, 14(4), 244–246. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2022.0727 2019-04-24 2023-04-03 A process by which the continuous flow of information experienced during a personal event is summarized in episodic memory by a succession of moments. This process is evidenced by the fact that remembering an event takes less time than experiencing it. Processus par lequel le flux continu d'informations vécu pendant un événement personnel est résumé en mémoire épisodique par une succession de moments. Ce processus se manifeste par le fait que se souvenir d'un évènement prend moins de temps que le vivre. compression temporelle temporal compression Frank Arnould Brainerd, C. J., Bialer, D. M., & Chang, M. (2020). Norming retrieval processes. Journal of Memory and Language, 115, 104143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104143 Kahana, M. J. (2020). Computational models of memory search. Annual Review of Psychology, 71, 107‑138. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-103358 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 memory retrieval memory search processus de récupération recherche en mémoire recouvrement remembering retrieval process récupération mnésique search process trace retrieval trace utilization Processus au moyen desquels le sujet retrouve et restitue les informations mémorisées. The processes by which a person recovers stored information from memory. retrieval processes retrieval récupération Cook, A. (2022, November 3). Surviving with Story Characters: What Do We Remember? https://osf.io/n5dgw Dewhurst, S., Anderson, R. J., O’Connor, R., & Dean, G. (2023, January 17). Survival processing and picture memory. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/HXQMF Forester, G. (2020). Adaptive memory: Independent effects of survival processing and reward motivation on memory [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/tdyrb/ Nieuwenstein, M., Hansen-Manguikian, L., Yildirim, B., & Ainsworth, S. (2021). Understanding the survival processing advantage for memory [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/tcevb/ Rummel, J., Kroneisen, M., & Wöstenfeld, F. O. (2019). Survival processing and serial recall [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/U5MK3 Saraiva, M., Garrido, M. V., & Pandeirada, J. N. S. (2019). Survival processing effect in L1 and L2 [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/hqfje/ Scofield, J. E., Buchanan, E. M., & Kostic, B. (2016). A Meta-analysis of the Survival Processing Advantage in Memory [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/6sd8e/ Surviving in a second language: Survival processing effect in memory of bilinguals. (2020). [Data set]. Taylor & Francis. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13186584.v1 Wang, J. (2018). Survival processing and production effect [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/ntvb7/ Wöstenfeld, F. O., Suhaib, A., Kroneisen, M., & Rummel, J. (2019). Does the survival processing memory advantage translate to serial recall? [Data set]. Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.2593683 Frank Arnould Bonin, P., & Bugaiska, A. (2014). « Survivre pour se souvenir ». Une approche novatrice de la mémoire humaine : la mémoire adaptative. L’Année Psychologique, 114(3), 571–610. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503314003066 Cook, A. M., Klin, C. M., & Westerman, D. L. (in press). Surviving with story characters : What do we remember? Memory & Cognition. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-022-01391-2 Nairne, J. S. (2010). Adaptive memory: Evolutionary constraints on remembering. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 53, p. 1–32). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(10)53001-9 Nairne, J. S., Thompson, S. R., & Pandeirada, J. N. S. (2007). Adaptive memory: Survival processing enhances retention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 33(2), 263–273. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.33.2.263 Schwartz, B. L., Howe, M. L., Toglia, M. P., & Otgaar, H. (Eds.). (2013). What Is Adaptive about Adaptive Memory? Oxford University Press. Scofield, J. E., Buchanan, E. M., & Kostic, B. (2018). A meta-analysis of the survival-processing advantage in memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(3), 997–1012. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1346-0 2017-12-06 2023-03-27 The processing of stimuli (e.g. words) according to their value in a context of ancestral survival. Traitement de stimuli (par exemple, des mots) en fonction de leur valeur dans un contexte ancestral de survie. An example of a survival scenario (Nairne et al., 2007, p. 264) : "In this task, we would like you to imagine that you are stranded in the grasslands of a foreign land, without any basic survival materials. Over the next few months, you’ll need to find steady supplies of food and water and protect yourself from predators. We are going to show you a list of words, and we would like you to rate how relevant each of these words would be for you in this survival situation. Some of the words may be relevant and others may not—it’s up to you to decide." Exemple de scénario de survie (Nairne et al., 2007, p. 264) : « Dans cette tâche, nous aimerions que vous imaginiez que vous êtes bloqué dans les prairies d’un pays étranger, sans aucun matériel de survie de base. Au cours des prochains mois, vous devrez trouver un approvisionnement régulier en nourriture et en eau et vous protéger des prédateurs. Nous allons vous montrer une liste de mots, et nous aimerions que vous évaluiez la pertinence de chacun de ces mots pour vous dans cette situation de survie. Certains mots peuvent être pertinents et d’autres non – c’est à vous de décider. » survival processing traitement de survie Frank Arnould 2019-05-10 2023-04-03 Processus par lequel des connaissances ou des habiletés acquises au cours d'une tâche influencent la performance dans une autre tâche. The process by which knowledge or skills acquired during a task influence performance in another task. transfer transfert Frank Arnould Yonelinas, A. P., Ranganath, C., Ekstrom, A. D., & Wiltgen, B. J. (2019). A contextual binding theory of episodic memory : Systems consolidation reconsidered. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 20(6), 364‑375. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-019-0150-4 2017-12-04 2023-05-30 binding liage A process of information integration to form a coherent memory of an object or event. Processus permettant l'intégration d'informations afin de former un souvenir cohérent d'un objet ou d'un évènement. liage mnésique memory binding Frank Arnould Jonides, J., & Smith, E. E. (1997). The archirecture of working memory. In M. D. Rugg (Ed.), Cognitive neuroscience (p. 243‑276). MIT Press. 2020-08-20 2023-09-04 En mémoire de travail, processus permettant de différencier les items nouveaux des items anciens qui ne sont plus pertinents. In working memory, the process by which new items are differentiated from old items that are no longer relevant. marquage temporel temporal tagging Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-01-13 Les participants étudient successivement deux listes d'items. Puis, ils doivent indiquer si les items sont apparus dans la première ou dans la seconde liste. Participants successively study two lists of items. Then they are asked to indicate whether an item appeared in the first or in the second list. judgement of recency judgements of recency judgments of recency jugements de récence judgment of recency jugement de récence Frank Arnould Crowder, R. G. (1976). Principles of learning and memory. Psychology Press. 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 Processus ou information qui empêchent la mémorisation ou la récupération d'une autre information. The process or information that prevents someone storing or retrieving another information. interferences interférences interference interférence Frank Arnould Hintzman, D. L. (2004). Time versus items in judgment of recency. Memory & cognition, 32(8), 1298–1304. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03206320 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Judgment of the number of presented items since the occurrence of a target item. Un jugement de récence numérique consiste à évaluer le nombre d'items présentés depuis la précédente occurrence d'un item cible. jugements de récence numérique numerical judgement of recency numerical judgements of recency numerical judgments of recency jugement de récence numérique numerical judgment of recency Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 Processus permettant de traduire une information codée dans son format d'origine. The process by which coded information is translated into its original format. decoding décodage Frank Arnould Ianì, F. (2019). Embodied memories : Reviewing the role of the body in memory processes. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(6), 1747–1766. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01674-x 2019-11-27 2023-03-23 motor simulation sensori-motor simulation simulation motrice simulation sensoromotrice According to the embodied cognition approach, as applied to memory, remembering consists of mentally simulating the past event. This simulation reactivates the same sensorimotor brain regions that were activated during event encoding. Selon l'approche de la cognition incarnée, appliquée à la mémoire, se souvenir consiste à simuler mentalement l'évènement passé. Cette simulation réactive les mêmes régions cérébrales sensori-motrices que celles activées pendant l'encodage de l'évènement. mental simulations motor simulations sensori-motor simulations simulation sensori-motrices simulation sensorimotrices simulations mentales simulations motrices mental simulation simulation mentale Frank Arnould Lieury, A. (1996). Méthodes pour la mémoire : histoire et évaluation. Dunod Yates, F. (1966). The art of memory. Routledge 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 aide mnémotechnique aide mnésique memory aid memory device mnemonic device mnémotechnie mnémotechnique Generic term for procedures deliberately used to encode and retrieve information in order to improve memory performance. Terme générique désignant les procédures utilisées délibérément pour coder ou récupérer des informations afin d’améliorer la performance de la mémoire. aides mnémotechniques aides mnésiques memory aids mnemonic devices mnémotechniques strategies stratégies strategy stratégie Frank Arnould McGeoch, J. A. (1932). Forgetting and the law of disuse. Psychological Review, 39(4), 352–370. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0069819 2017-12-04 2021-07-05 Blocage d'une réponse à un indice mnésique par la récupération d'autres réponses associées au même indice. Blocking of a response to a memory cue by the retrieval of other responses associated to this cue. inhibition reproductive reproductive inhibition Frank Arnould Chen, Y., Peruggia, M., & Van Zandt, T. (2022). Mutual interference in working memory updating: A hierarchical Bayesian model. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 111, 102706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmp.2022.102706 Morris, N., & Jones, D. M. (1990). Memory updating in working memory: The role of the central executive. British Journal of Psychology, 81(2), 111–121. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1990.tb02349.x Nir-Cohen, G., Kessler, Y., & Egner, T. (2020). Neural substrates of working memory updating. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 32(12), 2285–2302. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01625 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 processus de mise à jour updating updating process According to task demands, the working memory content must be updated. The updating of the working memory is performed by rejecting old information, reordering items and integrating new information (Berger et al. 1999). Selon les exigences des tâches à réaliser, le contenu de la mémoire de travail doit être mis à jour. La mise à jour de la mémoire de travail s'effectue en rejetant des informations anciennes, en réordonnant les items et en intégrant de nouvelles informations (Berger et al. 1999). updating processes mise à jour de la mémoire de travail working memory updating Frank Arnould Graf, P., & Schacter, D. L. (1989). Unitization and grouping mediate dissociations in memory for new associations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(5), 930-940. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.15.5.930 2017-12-04 2021-07-05 Association of different memories to create a representation that will be processed as a single entity. Processus permettant d'associer en mémoire des souvenirs différents afin de créer une représentation qui sera traitée comme une seule entité. unitisation unitization Frank Arnould Pearson, J. (2019). The human imagination : The cognitive neuroscience of visual mental imagery. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 20(10), 624‑634. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-019-0202-9 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 image visuelle visual image Imagerie mentale utilisant la modalité visuelle. Mental imagery using the visual modality. images visuelles visual images imagerie visuelle visual imagery Frank Arnould Atance, C. M., & O’Neill, D. K. (2001). Episodic future thinking. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 5(12), 533-539. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01804-0 2017-12-04 2021-09-07 prospection sémantique Imaginer de futurs faits et connaissances conceptuelles non personnels. Imaging future non-personal facts and conceptual knowledge. pensée future sémantique semantic prospection Branch, J. (2021, September 28). Experimental Design as a Retrieval Method for Assessing the Phenomenological Characteristics of Episodic Memories, Episodic Future Thoughts, and Episodic Counterfactual Thoughts. https://osf.io/6z5ks/ Bø, S., & Wolff, K. (2019, October 4). Episodic future thinking and risk perception. https://osf.io/ygptx/ Bø, S., & Wolff, K. (2020, February 24). Episodic future thinking and climate risk. https://osf.io/h3vqb/ D’Argembeau, A. (2020, June 19). The temporal compression of events during episodic future thinking. https://osf.io/uny8r/ Hollis-Hansen, K. (2019, March 15). Improvements in episodic future thinking methodology: Establishing a standardized episodic thinking control. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/6NSQB Frank Arnould Addis, D. R., Wong, A. T., & Schacter, D. L. (2007). Remembering the past and imagining the future: Common and distinct neural substrates during event construction and elaboration. Neuropsychologia, 45(7), 1363–1377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.10.016 Atance, C. M., & O’Neill, D. K. (2001). Episodic future thinking. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 5(12), 533-539. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01804-0 Bulley, A., & Schacter, D. L. (2023). Episodic future thinking, memory, and decision-making. In R. H. Logie, Z. Wen, S. E. Gathercole, N. Cowan, & R. W. Engle (Eds.), Memory in science for society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 123–148). Oxford University Press. Charretier, L., Eustache, F., & Quinette, P. (2022). La projection vers le futur : neuropsychologie, neuro-imagerie et psychopathologie. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique, 180(1), 60‑65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amp.2021.11.017 Miloyan, B., & McFarlane, K. A. (2019). The measurement of episodic foresight: A systematic review of assessment instruments. Cortex, 117, 351–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2018.08.018 Schacter, D. L., Benoit, R. G., & Szpunar, K. K. (2017). Episodic future thinking: mechanisms and functions. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 17, 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2017.06.002 Schubert, T., Eloo, R., Scharfen, J., & Morina, N. (2020). How imagining personal future scenarios influences affect: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 75, 101811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.101811 Szpunar, K. K. (2010). Episodic future thought: An emerging concept. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(2), 142–162. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691610362350 d’Argembeau, A. (2016). La pensée future épisodique : Entre simulation et contexte autobiographique. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 8(1), 55–59. https://doi-org.inshs.bib.cnrs.fr/10.3917/rne.081.0055 2017-12-04 Morton, C., & MacLeod, A. K. (in press). Vividness of imagery and affective response to episodic memories and episodic future thoughts: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2224609 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] Robins, S. K. (2022). Episodic memory is not for the future. In A. Sant’Anna, C. J. McCarroll, & K. Michaelian (Eds.), Current controversies in philosophy of memory (pp. 166–184). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-07-24 anticipation épisodique episodic foresight episodic future thinking episodic prospection episodic simulation pensée épisodique future projection de soi dans le futur projection future projection vers le futur prospection épisodique simulation épisodique Imaginer et vivre à l'avance des épisodes personnels futurs à l'aide de la mémoire épisodique. Imaging or simulating future personal events, based on episodic memory. anticipations épisodiques episodic future thoughts episodic prospections episodic simulations pensées futures épisodiques prospections épisodiques simulations épisodiques episodic future thought pensée future épisodique Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-01-11 auditory image image auditive Imagerie mentale utilisant la modalité auditive. Mental imagery using the auditory modality. auditory images images auditives auditory imagery imagerie auditive Frank Arnould De Brigard, F., & Parikh, N. (2019). Episodic counterfactual thinking. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 28(1), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721418806512 De Brigard, F., Addis, D. R., Ford, J. H., Schacter, D. L., & Giovanello, K. S. (2013). Remembering what could have happened: Neural correlates of episodic counterfactual thinking. Neuropsychologia, 51(12), 2401-2414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.01.015 Schacter, D. L., Benoit, R. G., De Brigard, F., & Szpunar, K. K. (2015). Episodic future thinking and episodic counterfactual thinking: Intersections between memory and decisions. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 117, 14-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2013.12.008 2017-12-04 2022-01-13 episodic counterfactual thinking Imaginer ou simuler des alternatives à des évènements personnels passés. Imagining or simulating alternatives to past personal events. episodic counterfactual thoughts pensées contrefactuelles épisodiques episodic counterfactual thought pensée contrefactuelle épisodique Frank Arnould Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (1987). Distinctiveness and the mnemonic benefits of bizarre imagery. In M. A. McDaniel & M. Pressley (Eds.), Imagery and related mnemonic processes: Theories, individual differences, and applications (pp. 78–102). Springer. Nicolas, S., & Gounden, Y. (2011). L’imagerie bizarre et la mémoire. Psychologie Française, 56(4), 203–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psfr.2011.10.002 Worthen, J. B. (2006). Resolution of discrepant memory strengths: An explanation of the effects of bizarreness on memory. In R. R. Hunt & J. B. Worthen (Eds.), Distinctiveness and memory (pp. 133–156). Oxford University Press. 2017-12-04 2021-07-15 Bizarre items are better memorized when they are presented with common or plausible items. Les items bizarres sont les mieux mémorisés lorsqu'ils sont présentés avec des items communs ou plausibles. bizarreness effect effet de la bizarrerie Frank Arnould Michaelian, K. (2016). Mental time travel: Episodic memory and our knowledge of the personal past. The MIT Press. Michaelian, K., Perrin, D., & Sant’Anna, A. (2020). Continuities and discontinuities between imagination and memory: The view from philosophy. In A. Abraham (Ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of the Imagination (pp. 293–310). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108580298.019 Perrin, D. (2021). Embodied episodic memory: A new case for causalism? Intellectica, 74, 229–252. 2021-08-11 2023-09-04 Kourken Michaelian approche simulationniste simulationism simulationist approach simulationnisme En philosophie, théorie selon laquelle se souvenir consiste à imaginer un épisode de notre passé personnel (Michaelian, 2016). In philosophy, the theory that remembering consists of imagining an episode from our personal past (Michaelian, 2016). simulation theory théorie simulationniste Frank Arnould Paivio, A. (1969). Mental imagery in associative learning and memory. Psychological Review, 76(3), 241-263. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027272 2017-12-04 2022-02-25 dual-code hypothesis hypothèse du double code Theory proposed by Paivio which suggests that stimuli may be encoded pictorially, verbally or both, depending on their nature. Théorie proposée par Paivio selon laquelle des stimuli peuvent être codés de façon imagée ou verbale ou les deux à la fois selon leur nature. Issue des travaux du psychologue canadien Paivio dans les années 60, la théorie du double codage estime que le code imagé est d'autant plus utilisé que le sujet doit traiter des éléments concrets. Le code verbal, certes moins dépendant du caractère concret ou non d'une situation, est efficace dans le traitement des situations abstraites.

Paivio a d'abord montré que les mots concrets ont une plus grande probabilité de susciter une image mentale que les mots abstraits, ce qui a permis d'établir des normes d'imagerie pour les mots. Lorsque des sujets doivent mémoriser des mots, il apparaît que le rappel est meilleur pour les mots concrets (à forte imagerie) que pour les mots abstraits (à faible imagerie). L'interprétation qui a été faite de ce résultat est de supposer que les mots concrets ont subi un double codage (imagé et verbal) qui facilite le rappel comparativement aux mots abstraits qui n'ont été codés que verbalement. Les expérimentations comparant la mémorisation des images par rapport à la mémoire des mots apportent des preuves supplémentaires en faveur de la théorie. Dans une expérience de Ducharme et Fraisse de 1965, les auteurs ont comparé les conditions suivantes : présentation de dessins, présentation de dessins + dénomination, présentation de mots. La mémoire des sujets dans les conditions dessins + dénomination et dessins seuls est équivalente mais supérieure à la situation mots seuls. Les dessins suscitent donc les mots et sont codés de façon imagée et verbale. Originating from the work of the Canadian psychologist Paivio in the 1960s, the dual coding theory considers that the visual code is used more often when the subject has to process concrete elements. The verbal code, although less dependent on the concreteness of a situation, is effective in processing abstract situations.

Paivio first showed that concrete words have a greater probability of eliciting a visual image than abstract words, and this led to the establishment of imagery norms for words. When subjects are asked to memorize words, it appears that recall is better for concrete words (high imagery) than for abstract words (low imagery). The interpretation that has been made of this result is to assume that concrete words have undergone a double coding (visual and verbal) that facilitates recall compared to abstract words that have been coded only verbally. Experiments comparing picture versus word memory provide additional evidence in favor of the theory. In a 1965 experiment by Ducharme and Fraisse, the authors compared the following conditions: presentation of drawings, presentation of drawings + naming, presentation of words. The memory of subjects in the drawings + naming and drawings alone conditions was equivalent to but superior to the words alone situation. Drawings thus elicit words and are coded in a visual and verbal manner. dual coding theory théorie du double codage Frank Arnould Intons-Peterson, M. J., & Fournier, J. (1986). External and internal memory aids: When and how often do we use them? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 115(3), 267–280. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.115.3.267 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 aide interne internal aid A strategy mentally performed by the subject to enhance the encoding or retrieval in memory. Type de stratégie que le sujet réalise mentalement afin d’aider le codage ou la récupération des souvenirs en mémoire. aides internes internal aids internal strategies stratégies internes internal strategy stratégie interne Frank Arnould Geurten, M., Meulemans, T., & Willems, S. (2018). A closer look at children’s metacognitive skills: The case of the distinctiveness heuristic. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 172, 130–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2018.03.007 Lampinen, J. M., & Odegard, T. N. (2006). Memory editing mechanisms. Memory, 14(6), 649–654. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210600648407 2022-04-05 2023-09-04 editing process memory-editing mechanism memory-editing operation "mechanisms people use to avoid false memories" (Geurten et al., 2018, p. 131). Processus par lequel les personnes révisent leurs souvenirs pour en détecter des incohérences et inexactitudes afin d’écarter les faux souvenirs (Lampinen & Odegard, 2006). editing mechanism editing mechanisms editing operation editing operations editing processes memory editing mechanisms memory editing processes memory editing strategies memory editing strategy memory-editing mechanisms memory-editing processes memory-editing strategies memory-editing strategy memory-editing process processus de révision mnésique Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Johnson, M. K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D. S. (1993). Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin, 114(1), 3–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.3 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Mitchell, K. J. (2017). Definition: Source monitoring. Cortex, 96, 129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2017.07.009 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-03-21 contrôle de la source maîtrise de la source monitorage de la source "Source monitoring is the mental activity of making attributions about the origin of subjective experiences." (Mitchell, 2017, p. 129). « La surveillance de la source est l'activité mentale consistant à attribuer une origine aux expériences subjectives. » (Mitchell, 2017, p. 129). source monitoring surveillance de la source Frank Arnould Son, L. K., & Kornell, N. (2008). Research on the allocation of study time: Key studies from 1890 to the present (and beyond). In J. Dunlovsky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Handbook of metamemory and memory (pp. 333–351). New York: Psychology Press. 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 Assigning a learning duration for memorizing items. Attribution d’une durée d’apprentissage pour mémoriser un matériel. allocation d’un temps d’étude allocation of study time Heald, J. B., Lengyel, M., & Wolpert, D. M. (2022). Contextual inference in learning and memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2022.10.004 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-22 Psychologie Psychology Animal Animal Homme Human « un changement dans la façon dont les souvenirs spécifiques au contexte sont différentiellement exprimés en raison d'un changement de croyance sur le contexte actuel. Sur la base du seul comportement, il peut sembler qu'un apprentissage proprement dit ait eu lieu, d'où son nom. » (Heald et al., sous presse). “a change in how context-specific memories are differentially expressed due to a change in belief about the current context. Based on behavior alone, it may appear as though proper learning has taken place, hence the name.“ (Heald et al., in press). apparent learning apprentissage apparent Frank Arnould Christiansen, M. H. (2019). Implicit statistical learning: A tale of two literatures. Topics in Cognitive Science, 11(3), 468–481. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12332 Meulemans, T. (1998). L'apprentissage implicite : une approche cognitive, neuropsychologique et développementale. Marseille. Perruchet, P., Nicolas, S. (1998). L'apprentissage implicite : un débat théorique. Psychologie Française, 43(1), 13-25. Reber, A. S., & Allen, R. (Eds.). (2022). The cognitive unconscious: The first half century. Oxford University Press Inc. Reber, A.S. (1993). Implicit learning and tacit knowledge: An essay on the cognitive unconscious. Oxford University Press. 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 Apprentissage de règles, d’évènements non identifiés explicitement par le sujet. Learning of rules and events that the subject has not explicitly identified. apprentissages implicites apprentissage implicite implicit learning Frank Arnould Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. Sweatt, J. D. (2010). Mechanisms of memory (2nd ed.). Academic Press. 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 Generic term used for any kind of learning resulting in an increase or disappearance of a response to a repeated stimulus. Terme générique désignant des formes d’apprentissage se manifestant par l’augmentation ou la disparition d’une réponse à un stimulus répété. apprentissages non associatifs apprentissage non associatif non-associative learning Frank Arnould Cooper, E., Greve, A., & Henson, R. N. (2019). Little evidence for Fast Mapping (FM) in adults: A review and discussion. Cognitive Neuroscience, 10(4), 196–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2018.1542376 Cooper, E., Tibon, R., Greve, A., & Henson, R. (2022). No evidence of fast mapping in healthy adults using an implicit memory measure: Failures to replicate the lexical competition results of Coutanche and Thompson‐Schill (2014). PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zt26c Sharon, T., Moscovitch, M., & Gilboa, A. (2011). Rapid neocortical acquisition of long-term arbitrary associations independent of the hippocampus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(3), 1146‑1151. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1005238108 2020-09-10 2023-09-04 Cooper, E., Tibon, R., Greve, A., & Henson, R. (2022). No evidence of fast mapping in healthy adults using an implicit memory measure: Failures to replicate the lexical competition results of Coutanche and Thompson‐Schill (2014). PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zt26c Process for the rapid acquisition of new information in the neocortex, without the involvement of the hippocampus. Processus permettant l'acquisition rapide dans le néocortex de nouvelles informations, indépendamment de l'implication de l'hippocampe. fast mapping fast mapping process processus d'alignement rapide Frank Arnould Blodgett,, H. C. (1929). The effect of the introduction of reward upon the maze performance of rats. University of California Publications in Psychology, 4, 113–134. Tolman, E. C., & Honzik, C. H. (1930). “Insight” in rats. University of California Publications in Psychology, 4, 215–232. 2017-12-04 2023-04-04 Form of learning without reinforcement, which is only overtly expressed when the reinforcement is introduced. Forme d’apprentissage se réalisant sans renforcement, de manière « invisible », et ne se manifestant explicitement qu’avec l’introduction d’un renforcement. apprentissages latents apprentissage latent latent learning Frank Arnould Le Ny, J.-F. (1980). Le conditionnement et l’apprentissage (6ème édition). Presses Universitaires de France. Skinner, B. F. (1938). The behavior of organisms: An experimental analysis. Appleton-Century-Croft, Inc. 2017-12-04 2022-02-01 "Increase in the strength of a reaction by the presentation of a suitable stimulus." (Le Ny, 1980, p. 191). «  Augmentation de la force d’une réaction par la présentation d’un stimulus adéquat. » (Le Ny, 1980, p. 191). reinforcements renforcements reinforcement renforcement Frank Arnould Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. 2017-12-04 2022-01-11 Generic term for all forms of association based-learning between a stimulus and a response or between stimuli. Terme générique désignant toute forme d’apprentissage d’association entre un stimulus et une réponse ou entre stimuli. apprentissages associatifs apprentissage associatif associative learning Frank Arnould Prettyman, A. (2018). Perceptual learning. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, e1489. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1489 2019-03-19 2022-01-13 Amélioration durable de la perception d’un stimulus par la pratique et l’expérience. Long-lasting improvement in the perception of a stimulus with practice and experience. apprentissages perceptifs apprentissage perceptif perceptual learning Frank Arnould Landau, B., Smith, L. B., & Jones, S. S. (1988). The importance of shape in early lexical learning. Cognitive Development, 3(3), 299‑321. https://doi.org/10.1016/0885-2014(88)90014-7 Weaver, J. (2015). How one-shot learning unfolds in the brain. PLOS Biology, 13(4), e1002138. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002138 2020-09-10 2023-09-04 acquisition en une fois one-shot acquisition Apprentissage d'une nouvelle information après une seule présentation de cette information. Learning new information after that information has only been presented once. apprentissage en une fois one-shot learning Frank Arnould Beaunieux, H. (2023). L’évaluation de la mémoire procédurale. In H. Amieva, P. Azouvi, E. Barbeau, & F. Colette (Éds.), Traité de neuropsychologie de l’adulte: Tome 1. Évaluation (p. 231‑240). De Boeck Supérieur. Bo, J., Langan, J., & Seidler, R. D. (2008). Cognitive neuroscience of skill acquisition. In Advances in Psychology (Vol. 139, pp. 101–112). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-4115(08)10009-7 2017-12-04 2023-08-22 apprentissage d'une habileté apprentissage procédural procedural learning skill learning Amélioration de la facilité avec laquelle une tâche est réalisée au fur et à mesure des essais. Improvement of the ease with which a task is performed over trials. apprentissages procéduraux acquisition d’une habileté skill acquisition Frank Arnould Bandura, A. (1980). L’apprentissage social. Mardaga 2018-11-05 2023-03-23 Acquisition d'informations, d'un comportement ou modification d'un comportement à la suite d'interactions sociales avec d'autres congénères. The acquisition of information, behavior, or change in behavior as a result of social interactions with other conspecifics. apprentissages sociaux apprentissage social social learning Frank Arnould Barrouillet, P., Bernardin, S., & Camos, V. (2004). Time constraints and resource sharing in adults’ working memory spans. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133(1), 83–100. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.133.1.83 Camos, V., Johnson, M., Loaiza, V., Portrat, S., Souza, A., & Vergauwe, E. (2018). What is attentional refreshing in working memory? Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1424(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13616 Raye, C. L., Johnson, M. K., Mitchell, K. J., Greene, E. J., & Johnson, M. R. (2007). Refreshing : A minimal executive function. Cortex, 43(1), 135–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70451-9 2017-12-04 2022-03-31 "a domain-general maintenance mechanism that relies on attention to keep mental representations active." (Camos et al., 2019, p.19). Mécanisme de maintien des informations en mémoire de travail par une focalisation de l'attention sur un item à se souvenir, lui permettant de rester actif. attentional refreshing rafraichissement attentionel Frank Arnould Benoni, H., & Ressler, I. (2020). Dichotomy, trichotomy, or a spectrum : Time to reconsider attentional guidance terminology. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02243 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 influence ascendante traitement dirigé par les données Information processing beginning by the analysis of the stimulus perceptual features (e.g. spatial frequency, luminance, etc.). Type de traitement de l'information lié à l'analyse du stimulus (par exemple sa fréquence spatiale, sa luminance...) influences ascendantes traitements ascendants traitements dirigés par les données bottom-up processing traitement ascendant Frank Arnould Birnboim, S. (2003). The automatic and controlled information-processing dissociation: Is it still relevant? Neuropsychology Review, 13(1), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022348506064 Schneider, W., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1977). Controlled and automatic human information processing: I. Detection, search, and attention. Psychological review, 84(1), 1-66. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.1.1 2017-12-04 2022-02-05 Type de traitement des informations attentionnel, sujet aux interférences et mettant en jeu des stratégies. Type of attentional information processing, subject to interference and involving the use of strategies. traitements contrôlés controlled processing traitement contrôlé Frank Arnould Raaijmakers, J. G. W. (2018). Inhibition in memory. In J. H. Wixted (Ed.), Stevens’ Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience (pp. 251–284). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119170174.epcn108 Werner, K. M., Inzlicht, M., & Ford, B. Q. (2022). Whither inhibition? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 31(4), 333‑339. https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221095848 2022-05-12 2023-09-04 suppression suppression An active process that reduces the level of activation of a memory trace and makes it less accessible. Processus actif qui réduit le niveau d’activation d’une trace mnésique et la rend moins accessible. inhibition inhibition Frank Arnould Birnboim, S. (2003). The automatic and controlled information-processing dissociation: Is it still relevant? Neuropsychology Review, 13(1), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022348506064 Schneider, W., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1977). Controlled and automatic human information processing: I. Detection, search, and attention. Psychological review, 84(1), 1-66. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.1.1 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 A type of information processing that does not require attention, is insensitive to interference, is triggered when conditions are met, and is difficult to stop. Type de traitement des informations ne nécessitant pas d'attention, peu sensible aux interférences, déclenché dès que les conditions sont réunies et difficile à arrêter. traitements automatiques automatic processing traitement automatique Frank Arnould Benoni, H., & Ressler, I. (2020). Dichotomy, trichotomy, or a spectrum : Time to reconsider attentional guidance terminology. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02243 2017-12-04 2022-04-07 influence descendante traitement dirigé par les concepts Information processing using pre-existing representations to process new information or events. Type de traitement de l'information consistant à utiliser des représentations existantes pour traiter de nouvelles informations ou événements. influences descendantes traitements descendants traitements dirigés par les concepts top-down processing traitement descendant Frank Arnould Maquestiaux, F. (2017). Psychologie de l’attention (2ᵉ éd.). De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2018-08-03 2021-08-26 Processus consistant à porter attention aux stimuli qui sont pertinents pour mener à bien une tâche et à ignorer ceux qui ne le sont pas. The process of paying attention to stimuli that are relevant to a task and ignoring those that are not. attention sélective selective attention Frank Arnould Beaudry, O., Neath, I., Surprenant, A. M., & Tehan, G. (2014). The focus of attention is similar to other memory systems rather than uniquely different. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00056 Cowan,N.(1999).An embedded-processes model of working memory. In A. Myake & P. Shah (Eds.), Models of Working Memory: Mechanisms of Active Maintenance and Executive Control, (pp. 32-101). Cambridge University Press. Oberauer, K. (2013). The focus of attention in working memory--from metaphors to mechanisms. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00673 2017-12-04 2022-03-31 attentional focus attentional focusing focalisation attentionnelle focus de l'attention scope attentionnel Dans certains modèles de la mémoire de travail, processus par lequel l'attention est dirigée vers un sous-ensemble des informations activées en mémoire de travail, les rendant plus facilement et rapidement accessibles. En fonction des auteurs, le focus de l'attention est limité à quatre blocs (chunks) d'items ou à un seul. In some models of working memory, process whereby attention is directed to a subset of activated information in working memory, making them more readily accessible. Depending on the authors, the focus of attention is limited to one or four chunks of information. focus attentionnel focus of attention Frank Arnould Bouquet, C. A., Bonnin, C., & Gaonac’h, D. (2013). Approche intégrative du contrôle exécutif dans le paradigme de permutation de tâche. L’Année Psychologique, 113(1), 123–155. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503313001061 Monsell, S. (2003). Task switching. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7(3), 134–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(03)00028-7 Vandierendonck, A. (2012). Role of working memory in task switching. Psychologica Belgica, 52(2–3). https://doi.org/10.5334/pb-52-2-3-229 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 alternance attentionnelle attention switching permutation de tâche Processus par lequel l'attention est réaffectée lorsque le sujet passe d'une tâche à une autre. The process whereby attention is reallocated when the subject is switching from a task to another. alternances attentionnelles alternances de tâches permutations de tâches alternance de tâches task switching Frank Arnould Maquestiaux, F. (2017). Psychologie de l’attention (2ᵉ éd.). De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2017-12-04 2023-05-31 attention partagée division de l'attention Capacité à répartir l’attention sur plusieurs stimuli ou entre des tâches réalisées simultanément. The process of allocating attention to more than one stimulus or between tasks performed simultaneously. attention divisée divided attention Lucas, J. J. A., Ivnik, R. R. J., Smith, G. G. E., Bohac, D. D. L., Tangalos, E. E. G., Kokmen, E. E., Graff-Radford, N. N. R., & Petersen, R. R. C. (1998). Normative data for the mattis dementia rating scale. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, 20(4), 536–547. https://doi.org/10.1076/jcen.20.4.536.1469 Matteau, E., Dupré, N., Langlois, M., Jean, L., Thivierge, S., Provencher, P., & Simard, M. (2011). Mattis Dementia Rating Scale 2: Screening for MCI and dementia. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease & Other Dementias®, 26(5), 389–398. https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317511412046 2023-03-29 Frank Arnould 2023-03-31 Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Homme Human DRS Dementia Rating Scale MDRS MDRS-2 MDRS-Second Edition Mattis Dementia Rating Scale 2 test de Mattis échelle de Mattis « a measure of general cognitive status commonly used both in clinical practice and research. The scale is divided into five subtests, measuring attention, verbal and motor initiation and perseveration, visuospatial construction, conceptualization, and memory. Items are arranged hierarchically, so that more difficult items are presented first. If an individual performs adequately on the initial items within a given section, full credit is given for the remaining items in that same section. » (Lucas et al., 1998, p. 537). « mesure de l'état cognitif général couramment utilisée à la fois en pratique clinique et en recherche. L'échelle est divisée en cinq sous-tests, mesurant l'attention, l'initiation et la persévération verbales et motrices, la construction visuospatiale, la conceptualisation et la mémoire. Les items sont classés hiérarchiquement, de sorte que les items les plus difficiles sont présentés en premier. Si une personne réussit correctement les items initiaux d'une section donnée, un crédit complet est accordé pour les items restants de cette même section. » (Lucas et al., 1998, p. 537). Mattis Dementia Rating Scale échelle de démence de Mattis Fansher, M., Shah, P., & Hélie, S. (2022). The effect of mode of presentation on Tower of Hanoi problem solving. Cognition, 224, 105041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105041 2023-08-22 Frank Arnould 2023-08-22 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human Lucas' Tower TOH Tour de Lucas Tower of Brahma Tower of Hanoi disk-transfer task Tower of Hanoi problem Tower of Hanoi puzzle Tower of Hanoi test problem of Benares Temple problème de la Tour de Hanoï pyramid puzzle test de la Tour de Hanoï "In the standard 3-disk TOH [Tower of Hanoi] puzzle, three disks of different sizes are stacked on a peg such that the largest disk is at the bottom and the smallest on top […]. There are three total pegs, and the goal is to re-stack the disks on the third peg with the following constraints (1) only one disk can be moved at a time, (2) a larger disk cannot be placed on top of a smaller disk and (3) a disk cannot be moved if there is another disk on top of it. There are countless variations of the task (for example, with different start and end states, different numbers of disks, and isomorphic contexts)." (Fansher et al., 2022, p. 1). « Dans la version standard de la Tour de Hanoï à trois disques, trois disques de diamètres différentes sont empilés sur un piquet, le plus grand se trouvant en bas et le plus petit en haut […]. Il y a trois piquets au total, et le but est de ré-empiler les disques sur le troisième piquet avec les contraintes suivantes : (1) un seul disque peut être déplacé à la fois, (2) un disque plus grand ne peut pas être placé sur un disque plus petit et (3) un disque ne peut pas être déplacé s'il y a un autre disque au-dessus de lui. Il existe d'innombrables variantes de cette tâche (par exemple, avec des états de départ et d'arrivée différents, des nombres de disques différents et des contextes isomorphes). » (Fansher et al., 2022, p. 1). Tour de Hanoï Tower of Hanoï Tower of Hanoi task tâche de la Tour de Hanoï Frank Arnould Grant, D. A., & Berg, E. (1948). A behavioral analysis of degree of reinforcement and ease of shifting to new responses in a Weigl-type card-sorting problem. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38(4), 404–411. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0059831 Nyhus, E., & Barceló, F. (2009). The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the cognitive assessment of prefrontal executive functions: A critical update. Brain and Cognition, 71(3), 437–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2009.03.005 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 Neuropsychological test for the assessment of cognitive flexibility. The general principle of the test is as follows. The subject is asked to classify cards according to a rule that he/she must discover according to the feedback on his/her answers given by the experimenter. When the rule is mastered, a new rule is introduced. Test neuropsychologique pour l’évaluation de la flexibilité cognitive. Le principe général de l’épreuve est le suivant. Le sujet doit classer des cartes selon une règle qu’il doit découvrir en fonction des retours sur ses réponses que lui donne l’expérimentateur. Dès que la règle est maîtrisée, une nouvelle règle est introduite. Wisconsin Card Sorting Test test de classement de cartes du Wisconsin Frank Arnould 2022-03-07 2023-09-04 tâche de fluence verbale verbal fluency task A generic term for any task in which the subject is asked to generate words in a limited amount of time that meet some criterion (e.g., words that belong to a semantic category or begin with a particular letter). Terme générique qui désigne toute tâche dans laquelle le sujet est invité à générer des mots en un temps limité répondant à un critère particulier (par exemple, des mots appartenant à une catégorie sémantique ou commençant par une lettre spécifique). tests de fluence verbale tâches de fluence verbale verbal fluency tasks verbal fluency tests test de fluence verbale verbal fluency test Frank Arnould Diamond, A. (2013). Executive functions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 135–168. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750 Raaijmakers, J. G. W. (2018). Inhibition in memory. In J. H. Wixted (Ed.), Stevens’ Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience (pp. 251–284). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119170174.epcn108 2017-12-04 2023-04-19 inhibition d'une réponse response inhibition Capacité à éviter d’être distrait par des stimuli non pertinents afin de poursuivre la réalisation d’une tâche cognitive et à pouvoir empêcher la production d’une réponse habituelle. « controlling one’s attention, behavior, thoughts, and/or emotions to override a strong internal predisposition or external lure » (Diamond, 2013, p. 136). contrôle inhibiteur inhibitory control Garry, M., & Taylor, A. (2021, October 11). Evidence from the trauma film paradigm that traumatic and non-traumatic memories are statistically equivalent on coherence. https://osf.io/uqtn6/ Lau-Zhu, A., Henson, R., Holmes, E. A., & Millroth, P. (2021, April 12). Selectively interfering with intrusive but not voluntary memories of a trauma film: Accounting for the role of associative memory. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/PQW2S Frank Arnould Horowitz, M. J. (1969). Psychic trauma : Return of images after a stress film. Archives of General Psychiatry, 20(5), 552‑559. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1969.01740170056008 James, E. L., Lau-Zhu, A., Clark, I. A., Visser, R. M., Hagenaars, M. A., & Holmes, E. A. (2016). The trauma film paradigm as an experimental psychopathology model of psychological trauma : Intrusive memories and beyond. Clinical Psychology Review, 47, 106‑142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.04.010 Lazarus, R. S. (1964). A laboratory approach to the dynamics of psychological stress. American Psychologist, 19(6), 400‑411. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0041245 2022-02-28 2023-09-04 clip traumatique trauma clip Experimental paradigm for studying post-traumatic stress disorder in the laboratory, specifically the emergence of intrusive memories. Participants are shown movies with unpleasant or aversive content. Paradigme expérimental pour étudier en laboratoire le trouble du stress post-traumatique, en particulier l’émergence de souvenirs intrusifs. Les participants sont exposés à des films dont le contenu est déplaisant ou aversif. clips traumatiques film traumatique films traumatiques trauma clips trauma film trauma films paradigme du film traumatique trauma film paradigm Frank Arnould Berntsen, D., & Rubin, D. C. (2006). The Centrality of Event Scale : A measure of integrating a trauma into one’s identity and its relation to post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44(2), 219‑231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2005.01.009 2022-01-14 2023-09-04 CES A questionnaire "to measure the extent to which a memory for a stressful event forms a reference point for personal identity and for the attribution of meaning to other experiences in a person’s life." (Bernsten & Rubin, 2006, p. 220). Questionnaire « visant à mesurer dans quelle mesure le souvenir d'un événement stressant constitue un point de référence pour l'identité personnelle et pour l'attribution d'un sens à d'autres expériences de la vie d'une personne. » (Bernsten & Rubin, 2006, p. 220). Centality of Event Scale Échelle de centralité des évènements Badawi, A., & Berle, D. (2021, October 31). Intrusive memories following a computerised task. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/VUTCW Brennen, T., Fjeld-Solberg, Ø., Nissen, A., & Blix, I. (2021, June 18). Reducing the frequency of intrusive memories using a visuospatial interference intervention. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/68VX5 Help to Forget : Helping Post Experimental Trauma Reduces Subsequent Intrusive Memories. (2018). [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/QP69X Lau-Zhu, A., Henson, R., Holmes, E. A., & Millroth, P. (2021, April 12). Selectively interfering with intrusive but not voluntary memories of a trauma film: Accounting for the role of associative memory. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/PQW2S Liu, S., Folstein, J., Appelbaum, L. G., & Tenenbaum, G. (2020, May 26). The mechanism of controlling unwanted intrusive thoughts. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/YDMSV Singh, L., Holmes, E. A., Moulds, M. L., Prof, Kanstrup, M., & Gamble, B. (2021, January 19). Reducing Intrusive Memories After Trauma via a Brief Cognitive Task Intervention in the Hospital Emergency Department: an Exploratory Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial. https://osf.io/nma5q/ Varma, M. M., & Hu, X. (2021, November 28). Prosocial Behaviour Reduces Unwanted Intrusions of Experimental Traumatic Memories. https://osf.io/jvf5a/ Visser, R. M., Henson, R., & Holmes, E. A. (2021, August 17). A naturalistic paradigm to investigate post-encoding neural activation patterns in relation to subsequent voluntary and intrusive recall of distressing events. https://osf.io/ucen5/ Voss, M. (2018, November 21). Does transcranial direct current stimulation affect post-stressor intrusive memories and rumination? An experimental analogue study. https://osf.io/bcq6y/ Frank Arnould Herz, N., Bar-Haim, Y., Holmes, E. A., & Censor, N. (2020). Intrusive memories : A mechanistic signature for emotional memory persistence. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 135, 103752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2020.103752 Iyadurai, L., Visser, R. M., Lau-Zhu, A., Porcheret, K., Horsch, A., Holmes, E. A., & James, E. L. (2019). Intrusive memories of trauma : A target for research bridging cognitive science and its clinical application. Clinical Psychology Review, 69, 67‑82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2018.08.005 Marks, E. H., Franklin, A. R., & Zoellner, L. A. (2018). Can’t get it out of my mind : A systematic review of predictors of intrusive memories of distressing events. Psychological Bulletin, 144(6), 584‑640. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000132 Payne, A., Kralj, A., Young, J., & Meiser-Stedman, R. (2019). The prevalence of intrusive memories in adult depression : A meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 253, 193‑202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.055 2022-02-28 2023-09-04 intrusion de souvenirs memory intrusion Désigne généralement le souvenir d’un évènement émotionnellement négatif qui entre involontairement et de manière récurrente dans la conscience. Ce phénomène se rencontre tout particulièrement dans le trouble du stress post-traumatique et dans la dépression. Usually refers to the memory of an emotionally negative event that involuntarily and recurrently enters consciousness. This phenomenon is particularly common in post-traumatic stress disorder and in depression. intrusions de souvenirs intrusive memories memory intrusions souvenirs intrusifs intrusive memory souvenir intrusif Frank Arnould Ehlers, A., & Clark, D. M. (2000). A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38(4), 319‑345. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7967(99)00123-0 Grey, N., & Holmes, E. A. (2008). “Hotspots” in trauma memories in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: A replication. Memory, 16(7), 788–796. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210802266446 Grey, N., Holmes, E., & Brewin, C. R. (2001). Peritraumatic emotional “hot spots” in memory. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 29(3), 367‑372. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465801003095 Grey, N., Young, K., & Holmes, E. (2002). Cognitive restructuring within reliving : A treatment for peritraumatic emotional “hotspots” in posttraumatic stress disorder. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 30(1), 37‑56. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465802001054 Holmes, E. A., Grey, N., & Young, K. A. D. (2005). Intrusive images and “hotspots” of trauma memories in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder : An exploratory investigation of emotions and cognitive themes. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 36(1), 3‑17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2004.11.002 Hoppe, J. M., Walldén, Y. S. E., Kanstrup, M., Singh, L., Agren, T., Holmes, E. A., & Moulds, M. L. (2022). Hotspots in the immediate aftermath of trauma – Mental imagery of worst moments highlighting time, space and motion. Consciousness and Cognition, 99, 103286. doi:10.1016/j.concog.2022.103286 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] Nielsen, N. P., & Berntsen, D. (2022). How posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms affect memory for new events and their “hotspots” over a long delay. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(1), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3898 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 Grey, N., & Holmes, E. A. (2008). “Hotspots” in trauma memories in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: A replication. Memory, 16(7), 788–796. doi:10.1080/09658210802266446 Hoppe, J. M., Walldén, Y. S. E., Kanstrup, M., Singh, L., Agren, T., Holmes, E. A., & Moulds, M. L. (2022). Hotspots in the immediate aftermath of trauma – Mental imagery of worst moments highlighting time, space and motion. Consciousness and Cognition, 99, 103286. doi:10.1016/j.concog.2022.103286 Ce terme désigne les souvenirs détaillés du moment de détresse émotionnelle le plus intense d'un évènement traumatique. This term refers to detailed memories of the most intense moment of emotional distress from a traumatic event. hotspots hotspots hotspot hotspot Frank Arnould Yerkes, R. M., & Dodson, J. D. (1908). The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit-formation. Journal of comparative neurology and psychology, 18(5), 459–482. http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Yerkes/Law/ 2017-12-04 2021-08-10 La loi de Yerkes-Dodson (1908) énonce qu'il existe une relation en forme de U inversé entre la performance cognitive et le niveau d'éveil (arousal). Autrement dit, les niveaux extrêmes d'éveil détériorent la performance, celle-ci étant meilleure si le niveau d'éveil est modéré. The Yerkes-Dodson's law (1908) states that there is a reversed U-shaped relationship between cognitive performance and the level of arousal. In other words, extreme levels of arousal deteriorate performance. Performance is best when arousal level is moderate. Yerkes-Dodson's law loi de Yerkes-Dodson Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Bernstein, D., Scoboria, A., Desjarlais, L., & Soucie, K. (2018). “False memory” is a linguistic convenience. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice, 5(2), 161–179. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000148 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2005). The Science of False Memory. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Brainerd, C. J., Bialer, D. M., & Chang, M. (2022). Fuzzy-trace theory and false memory : Meta-analysis of conjoint recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48, 1680‑1697. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001040 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Corson, Y., & Verrier, N. (2013). Les faux souvenirs. De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] El Haj, M., Colombel, F., Kapogiannis, D., & Gallouj, K. (2020). False memory in Alzheimer’s disease. Behavioural Neurology, 2020, e5284504. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5284504 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Flowe, H. D., & Schreiber Compo, N. (2021). The lack of robust evidence for the effects of alcohol on false memory. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 127, 332–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.029 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Griego, A. W., Datzman, J. N., Estrada, S. M., & Middlebrook, S. S. (2019). Suggestibility and false memories in relation to intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder: A meta‐analytic review. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 63(12), 1464–1474. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12668 [Document type: literature review / Access: free] Huff, M. J., Bodner, G. E., & Fawcett, J. M. (2015). Effects of distinctive encoding on correct and false memory:A meta-analytic review of costs and benefits and their origins in the DRM paradigm. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 22(2), 349‑365. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-014-0648-8 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] Kaplan, R. L., Van Damme, I., Levine, L. J., & Loftus, E. F. (2016). Emotion and false memory. Emotion Review, 8(1), 8–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073915601228 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Kurkela, K. A., & Dennis, N. A. (2016). Event-related fMRI studies of false memory: An Activation Likelihood Estimation meta-analysis. Neuropsychologia, 81, 149–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.12.006 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Mazerolle, M., Smith, A. M., Torrance, M., & Thomas, A. K. (2021). Understanding older adults’ memory distortion in the light of stereotype threat. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 628696. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.628696 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] McLachlan, E., Rai, S., Al-Shihabi, A., Huntley, J., Burgess, N., Howard, R., & Reeves, S. (2020). Neuroimaging correlates of false memory in ’Alzheimer’s disease: A preliminary systematic review. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 296, 111021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.111021 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Millin, P. M., & Riccio, D. C. (2019). False memory in nonhuman animals. Learning & Memory, 26(10), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.050054.119 [Document type: literature review / Access: free] Nash, R. A., & Ost, J. (Eds.). (2017). False and distorted memories. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Newbury, C. R., & Monaghan, P. (2019). When does sleep affect veridical and false memory consolidation? A meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(2), 387–400. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1528-4 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Muris, P., & Merckelbach, H. (2019). Dealing with false memories in children and adults: Recommendations for the legal arena. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 6(1), 87–93. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732218818584 [Document type: literature review / Access: free] Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., & Patihis, L. (2022). What science tells us about false and repressed memories. Memory, 30(1), 16–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1870699 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Yu, J., Tao, Q., Zhang, R., Chan, C. C. H., & Lee, T. M. C. (2019). Can fMRI discriminate between deception and false memory? A meta-analytic comparison between deception and false memory studies. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 104, 43–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.06.027 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] 2023-09-05 distorsion de la mémoire distorsion mnésique erreur de la mémoire erreur mnésique false remembering illusion de la mémoire illusion mnésique memory distortion memory error memory illusion misremembering pseudo-mémoire pseudo-souvenir A broader term for an erroneous memory that a person holds to be true. A false memory can occur in two ways: either a false memory of an entire event that never happened, or a false memory that is a modification of a past event. Terme général désignant un souvenir erroné qu'une personne tient pour vrai. Un faux souvenir peut se manifester de deux façons : il peut s'agir soit du faux souvenir d'un événement complet qui ne s'est jamais produit, soit du faux souvenir correspondant à des modifications d'un événement du passé. distorsions de la mémoire distorsions mnésiques erreurs de la mémoire erreurs mnésiques false memories falsely remembered faux souvenirs illusions de la mémoire illusions mnésiques memory distortions memory errors memory illusions pseudo-mémoires pseudo-souvenirs false memory faux souvenir Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Carpenter, A. C., & Schacter, D. L. (2017). Flexible retrieval : When true inferences produce false memories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43(3), 335‑349. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000340 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 faux souvenir basé sur une inférence inferential false memory Erreur de mémoire résultant d'une inférence que le sujet effectue sur un événement, par exemple, en se servant de ses connaissances antérieures, de ses attitudes ou en recherchant une explication causale. Memory error resulting from an inference made by the subject about an event, for example, by using his/her prior knowledge and attitudes or by seeking a causal explanation of the event. faux souvenirs inférenciels inferential false memories faux souvenir inférentiel inference-based false memory Frank Arnould Otani, H., & Schwartz, B. L. (Éds.). (2018). Handbook of research methods in human memory. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429439957 2021-08-31 2023-09-04 A task, procedure or paradigm for studying memory performance. Tâche, procédure ou paradigme pour l'étude de la performance de la mémoire. méthodes objectives d'étude de la mémoire objective study methods of memory méthode objective d'étude de la mémoire objective study method of memory 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould Jores, T., Colloff, M. F., Kloft, L., Smailes, H., & Flowe, H. D. (2019). A meta-analysis of the effects of acute alcohol intoxication on witness recall. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(3), 334–343. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3533 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Kloft, L., Monds, L. A., Blokland, A., Ramaekers, J. G., & Otgaar, H. (2021). Hazy memories in the courtroom: A review of alcohol and other drug effects on false memory and suggestibility. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 124, 291–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.012 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Smith, A. M., Toglia, M. P., & Lampinen, J. M. (Eds.). (2021). Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Toglia, M. P., Read, J. D., Ross, D. F., & LIndsay, R. C. L. (Eds.). (2007). The handbook of eyewitness psychology: Vol. 1. Memory for people. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Toglia, M. P., Read, J. D., Ross, D. F., & LIndsay, R. C. L. (Eds.). (2007). The handbook of eyewitness psychology: Vol. 2. Memory for events. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wixted, J. T., Vul, E., Mickes, L., & Wilson, B. M. (2018). Models of lineup memory. Cognitive Psychology, 105, 81–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2018.06.001 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-07-21 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human eyewitness eyewitness evidence eyewitness identification eyewitness memory eyewitness report témoin oculaire A form of testimony in which a person states what he or she has seen about facts or events. Forme de témoignage durant lequel une personne déclare ce qu’elle a vu à propos de faits ou d’événements. eyewitness identifications eyewitness memories eyewitness reports eyewitnesses témoignages oculaires témoins oculaires eyewitness testimony témoignage oculaire Frank Arnould Aggleton, J. P., Nelson, A. J. D., & O’Mara, S. M. (2022). Time to retire the serial Papez circuit: Implications for space, memory, and attention. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 140, 104813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104813 Papez, J.W. (1937). A proposed mechanism of emotion. Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry, 38(4), 725-743. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurpsyc.1937.02260220069003 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 Papez-Jakob circuit circuit de Papez-Jakob circuit limbique médian medial limbic circuit Décrit pour la première fois par le neuroanatomiste américain James W. Papez en 1937, réseau de structures cérébrales qui serait impliqué dans le contrôle des émotions et la mémoire : corps mammillaires, noyau antérieur du thalamus, cortex cingulaire antérieur, gyrus parahippocampique, hippocampe, fornix. This network of brain structures was described for the first time by the American neuroanatomist James W. Papez in 1937, and is thought to be involved in the control of emotions and in memory: mammillary bodies, anterior nucleus of the thalamus, anterior cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus, fornix. Papez circuit circuit de Papez Frank Arnould Rolls, E. T. (2019). The cingulate cortex and limbic systems for emotion, action, and memory. Brain Structure and Function, 224(9), 3001‑3018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-019-01945-2 2020-09-21 2023-09-04 ACC Gray matter of anterior cingulate gyrus Frontal area of the cingulate cortex. Région frontale du cortex cingulaire. anterior cingulate cortex cortex cingulaire antérieur Frank Arnould Mikels, J. A., & Reuter-Lorenz, P. A. (2019). Affective working memory: An integrative psychological construct. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1745691619837597. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691619837597 2019-05-21 Sous-système de la mémoire de travail qui serait responsable du maintien temporaire de représentations émotionnelles. Working memory sub-system for the temporary maintenance of emotional representations. affective working memory mémoire de travail affective Frank Arnould AbuHasan, Q., Reddy, V., & Siddiqui, W. (2022). Neuroanatomy, Amygdala. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537102/ McGaugh, J. L., Cahill, L., & Roozendaal, B. (1996). Involvement of the amygdala in memory storage: Interaction with other brain systems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93(24), 13508–13514. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.24.13508 Phelps, E. A. (2004). Human emotion and memory: Interactions of the amygdala and hippocampal complex. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 14(2), 198–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2004.03.015 Ressler, R. L., & Maren, S. (2019). Synaptic encoding of fear memories in the amygdala. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 54, 54–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2018.08.012 Roozendaal, B., McEwen, B. S., & Chattarji, S. (2009). Stress, memory and the amygdala. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 10(6), 423–433. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2651 2017-12-04 2022-03-28 amygdaloid body amygdaloid complex amygdaloid nuclear complex amygdaloid nuclear groups amygdaloid nucleus archistriatum complexe amygdalien corps amygdaloïde noyau amygdalien An almond-shaped structure in the medial temporal lobe, formed by many nuclei, involved in emotional memory. Structure du lobe temporal médian, en forme d'amande et composée de plusieurs noyaux. Elle est impliquée dans la mémoire émotionnelle. amygdalae amygdalas amygdales amygdaloid nuclei noyaux amygdaliens amygdala amygdale Hackländer, R. P. M., Janssen, S. M. J., & Bermeitinger, C. (2019). An in-depth review of the methods, findings, and theories associated with odor-evoked autobiographical memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(2), 401‑429. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1545-3 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-21 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human méthode du double indice A study method of autobiographical memory: "each subject is first presented with a verbal label (e.g., the word orange) and asked to provide a description of a memory that is associated with that memory. After providing the memory description and experiential ratings, the subjects are then presented with either the same label (the word orange), a congruent odor (orange extract as an odorant), or a congruent picture (a picture of an orange). Following the second cue, subjects are again asked to describe and rate the AM [autobiographical memory]." (Hakländer et al., 2019, p. 404). Méthode d'étude de la mémoire autobiographique : « Chaque sujet se voit d'abord présenter une étiquette verbale (par exemple, le mot orange) et on lui demande de fournir une description d'un souvenir qui lui est associé. Après avoir fourni la description du souvenir et l'évaluation de l'expérience, les sujets se voient ensuite présenter soit la même étiquette (le mot orange), soit une odeur congruente (extrait d'orange en tant qu'odorant), soit une image congruente (image d'une orange). Après le deuxième indice, on demande à nouveau aux sujets de décrire et d'évaluer le souvenir autobiographique. » (Hakländer et al., 2019, p. 404). double-cue method méthode des doubles indices Frank Arnould Crovitz, H. F., & Quina-Holland, K. (1976). Proportion of episodic memories from early childhood by years of age. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 7(1), 61–62. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03337122 Crovitz, H. F., & Schiffman, H. (1974). Frequency of episodic memories as a function of their age. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 4(5), 517–518. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03334277 Galton, F.R.S. (1879). Psychometric experiments. Brain, 2, 149-162. 2017-12-04 2023-03-31 Galton-Crovitz method Galton-Crovitz word-cuing technique cuing method méthode de Galton-Crovitz word-cue technique A method for the study of autobiographical memory developed by Galton (1879) and completed by Crovitz (Crovitz & Schiffman, 1974; Crovitz & Quina-Holland, 1976). The general principle of the method is to present words that serve as cues to retrieve autobiographical memories. Every memory is then dated. Méthode d'étude de la mémoire autobiographique élaborée par Galton (1879) et précisée par Crovitz (Crovitz & Schiffman, 1974; Crovitz & Quina-Holland, 1976). Le principe général de la méthode consiste à présenter des mots qui servent d'indices pour récupérer des souvenirs autobiographiques. Chaque souvenir est ensuite daté. cue-word method méthode des mots indices Frank Arnould Sow, F., Dijkstra, K., & Janssen, S. M. J. (2023). Developments in the functions of autobiographical memory: An advanced review. WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(3), e1625. li [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2017-12-04 Beike, D. R., Merrick, C. R., & Cole, H. E. (2020). Use, adaptivity, and need fulfillment: A methodological critique of tests of the functions of autobiographical memory. Psychological Reports, 123(1), 43–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294119852578 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Berntsen, D., & Rubin, D. C. (Eds.). (2012). Understanding Autobiographical Memory: Theories and Approaches. Cambridge University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Boccia, M., Teghil, A., & Guariglia, C. (2019). Looking into recent and remote past: Meta-analytic evidence for cortical re-organization of episodic autobiographical memories. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 107, 84–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.003 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Heux, L., Rathbone, C., Gensburger, S., Clifford, R., & Souchay, C. (2023). Collective memory and autobiographical memory: Perspectives from the humanities and cognitive sciences, 14(3), e1635. WIREs Cognitive Science, e1635. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1635 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Kopelman, M. D. (2019). Anomalies of autobiographical memory. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 25(10), 1061–1075. https://doi.org/10.1017/S135561771900081X [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Mace, J. (2019). The organization and structure of autobiographical memory. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Piolino, P., Desgranges, B., Eustache, F. (2000). La mémoire autobiographique : théorie et pratique. Solal [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Shepardson, S., Dahlgren, K., & Hamann, S. (2023). Neural correlates of autobiographical memory retrieval: An SDM neuroimaging meta-analysis. Cortex, 166, 59–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2023.05.006 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Talarico, J. M. (in press). A tetrahedral model of autobiographical memory research design. WIREs Cognitive Science, e1615. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1615 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 souvenir autobiographique Memory of events whose reference is the subject him or herself. According to recent models, autobiographical memory has both episodic (memories of specific events) and semantic (personal semantics, i.e., general information about the subject's past) aspects. Mémoire des événements dont la référence est le sujet lui-même. Selon les modèles récents, la mémoire autobiographique possède des aspects épisodiques (souvenirs d'événements spécifiques) et sémantiques (sémantique personnelle, c'est-à-dire des informations générales sur le passé du sujet). autobiographical memories souvenirs autobiographiques autobiographical memory mémoire autobiographique Frank Arnould Barzykowski, K., & Niedźwieńska, A. (2018). Involuntary autobiographical memories are relatively more often reported during high cognitive load tasks. Acta Psychologica, 182, 119‑128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.11.014 Barzykowski, K., Staugaard, S. R., & Mazzoni, G. (2021). Retrieval effort or intention : Which is more important for participants’ classification of involuntary and voluntary memories? British Journal of Psychology, 112(4), 1080‑1102. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12498 Berntsen, D. (2009). Involuntary autobiographical memories: An introduction to the unbidden past. Cambridge University Press. Berntsen, D. (2020). Involuntary autobiographical memories and their relation to other forms of spontaneous thoughts. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 376(1817), 20190693. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0693 Berntsen, D., & Nielsen, N. P. (2022). The reconstructive nature of involuntary autobiographical memories. Memory, 30(1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1872645 Mace, J. (Ed.). (2007). Involuntary Memory. Wiley-Blackwell. Mace, J. H. (2004). Involuntary autobiographical memories are highly dependent on abstract cuing : The Proustian view is incorrect. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 18(7), 893‑899. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1020 2017-12-04 2023-04-04 Krystian Barzykowski IAM involuntary autobiographical memory involuntary aware memory involuntary conscious memory involuntary explicit memory souvenir autobiographique involontaire souvenir conscient involontaire souvenir non intentionnel souvenir spontané spontaneous memory unintentional memory Involuntary memories are memories of the personal past that come to mind spontaneously, without any prior conscious intention to retrieve them. Les souvenirs involontaires sont des souvenirs du passé personnel qui viennent à l'esprit spontanément, sans aucune intention préalable de les récupérer. IAMs involuntary autobiographical memories involuntary aware memories involuntary conscious memories involuntary explicit memories involuntary memories souvenirs autobiographiques involontaires souvenirs conscients involontaires souvenirs involontaires souvenirs non intentionnels souvenirs spontanés spontaneous memories unintentional memories involuntary memory souvenir involontaire Frank Arnould 2018-11-28 2022-07-25 questionnaire auto-administré questionnaire d'auto-administration questionnaires auto-administrés questionnaires d'auto-administration A set of standardized questions asking subjects to subjectively evaluate their memory. Ensemble de questions standardisées demandant aux sujets d'évaluer subjectivement leur mémoire. questionnaire d'auto-évaluation questionnaires d'auto-évaluation questionnaires d'autoévaluation self-report questionnaires questionnaire d'autoévaluation self-report questionnaire Wessel, I., Heininga, V. E., Albers, C. J., & Zandstra, A. R. E. (2022, January 14). Early Attempts at Replicating Memory Suppression with the Think/No-Think task. Retrieved from osf.io/qgcy5 Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Anderson, M. C., & Green, C. (2001). Suppressing unwanted memories by executive control. Nature, 410(6826), 366–369. https://doi.org/10.1038/35066572 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Wessel, I., Albers, C. J., Zandstra, A. R. E., & Heininga, V. E. (2020). A multiverse analysis of early attempts to replicate memory suppression with the Think/No-think Task. Memory, 28(7), 870–887. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1797095 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] 2023-09-05 TNT TNT paradigm TNT procedure paradigme TNT procédure TNT procédure penser/ne pas penser An experimental procedure for studying intentional forgetting of unwanted memories (Anderson & Green, 2001). Subjects are asked to study pairs of semantically unrelated words. They should be able to recall the right word when the left word is presented. An executive control task is then proposed. A cue is presented and subjects must either give the associated response or not think of the response. In the final phase, subjects must recall the response for each pair of words. The results show that memory for words that were given a "no-think" instruction is worse than memory for words that were given a "think" instruction and for words that were given neither a "think" nor a "no-think" instruction. Procédure expérimentale pour l’étude de l’oubli intentionnel de souvenirs non désirés (Anderson & Green, 2001). Les sujets doivent étudier des paires de mots non liés sémantiquement. Ils devront être capables de rappeler le mot de droite lorsque le mot de gauche sera présenté. Une tâche de contrôle exécutif est ensuite proposée. Un indice est présenté et les sujets doivent soit donner la réponse associée, soit ne pas penser à la réponse. Lors de la dernière phase, les sujets doivent rappeler la réponse pour chaque paire de mots. Les résultats montrent que la mémoire des mots qui ont fait l’objet d’une consigne « ne pas penser » est plus mauvaise que la mémoire des mots ayant fait l’objet d’une consigne « penser » et que celle des mots n’ayant fait l’objet ni d’une consigne « penser » ni d’une consigne « ne pas penser ». paradigme penser/ne pas penser think/no-think paradigm Wang, Y. (2022, March 31). Retrieval suppression induced forgetting on 1-week-old consolidated episodic memories. https://osf.io/tz2kq/ Wessel, I., Heininga, V. E., Albers, C. J., & Zandstra, A. R. E. (2020, March 27). Data. https://osf.io/f2jw3/ Wiechert, S., Verschuere, B., Wessel, I., Fawcett, J., Ben-Shakhar, G., & Pertzov, Y. (2023, April 18). Think/No-Think Replication. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/E75A6 Frank Arnould 2019-06-03 Anderson, M. C., & Green, C. (2001). Suppressing unwanted memories by executive control. Nature, 410(6826), 366–369. https://doi.org/10.1038/35066572 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Anderson, M. C., & Hanslmayr, S. (2014). Neural mechanisms of motivated forgetting. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 18(6), 279–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2014.03.002 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Anderson, M. C., & Hulbert, J. C. (2021). Active forgetting : Adaptation of memory by prefrontal control. Annual Review of Psychology, 72(1), annurev-psych-072720-094140. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-072720-094140 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Bulevich, J. B., Roediger, H. L., Balota, D. A., & Butler, A. C. (2006). Failures to find suppression of episodic memories in the think/no-think paradigm. Memory & Cognition, 34(8), 1569‑1577. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03195920 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] Engen, H. G., & Anderson, M. C. (2018). Memory control: A fundamental mechanism of emotion regulation. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2018.07.015 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Mecklinger, A., Parra, M., & Waldhauser, G. T. (2009). ERP correlates of intentional forgetting. Brain Research, 1255, 132‑147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2008.11.073 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed] Stramaccia, D. F., Meyer, A.-K., Rischer, K. M., Fawcett, J. M., & Benoit, R. G. (2021). Memory suppression and its deficiency in psychological disorders : A focused meta-analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 150(5), 828–850. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000971 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Wessel, I. (in press). Suppression-induced forgetting as a model for repression. Topics in Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12684 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Wessel, I., Albers, C. J., Zandstra, A. R. E., & Heininga, V. E. (2020). A multiverse analysis of early attempts to replicate memory suppression with the Think/No-think Task. Memory, 28(7), 870–887. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1797095 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] Wiechert, S., Loewy, L., Wessel, I., Fawcett, J. M., Ben-Shakhar, G., Pertzov, Y., & Verschuere, B. (in press). Suppression-induced forgetting: A pre-registered replication of the think/no-think paradigm. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2208791 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] 2023-07-18 effet de suppression memory suppression suppression effect suppression mnésique « tendance à oublier les souvenirs que l'on tente d'exclure de la conscience lorsqu'on est confronté à des évocations importunes » (Anderson & Hulbert, 2021). “tendency to forget memories that one tries to exclude from awareness when confronted with unwelcome reminders” (Anderson & Hulbert, 2021). oubli induit par suppression suppression-induced forgetting Frank Arnould Linton, M. (1975). Memory for real-world events. In D. A. Norman & D. E. Rumelhart (Eds.), Explorations in cognition (pp. 376–404). W.H. Freeman. Schnitzspahn, K. M., Scholz, U., Ballhausen, N., Hering, A., Ihle, A., Lagner, P., & Kliegel, M. (2016). Age differences in prospective memory for everyday life intentions: A diary approach. Memory, 24(4), 444–454. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1018276 Singh, L., Ahmed Pihlgren, S., Holmes, E. A., & Moulds, M. L. (2023). Using a daily diary for monitoring intrusive memories of trauma: A translational data synthesis study exploring convergent validity. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 32(1), e1936. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1936 Wagenaar, W. A. (1986). My memory: A study of autobiographical memory over six years. Cognitive Psychology, 18(2), 225–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(86)90013-7 2018-11-26 2023-03-31 diary recording method Method for studying autobiographical memory. Subjects are asked to write down the events they experience in a diary during a given period of time, and then to remember them. This method provides an indication of how accurate the memories are by comparing them with the information in the diary. Méthode d'étude de la mémoire autobiographique. On demande aux sujets d'écrire dans un journal intime les événements qu'ils vivent pendant une période donnée et de s'en souvenir ensuite. Cette méthode permet d'évaluer l'exactitude des souvenirs en les comparant aux informations contenues dans le journal intime. diary method méthode du journal intime ​ Frank Arnould 2020-11-02 2023-09-04 Network of brain areas involved in memory. Network of brain structures involved in memory. brain networks réseaux cérébraux brain network réseau cérébral Peterson, D. C., Reddy, V., & Mayes, D. A. (2022). Neuroanatomy, Mammillary Bodies. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537192/ Vann, S. D., & Aggleton, J. P. (2004). The mamillary bodies: Two memory systems in one? Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 5(1), 35–44. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1299 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-16 Neurophysiologie Neurophysiologie Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Animal Animal Homme Human mammillary body « Les corps mammillaires sont des noyaux du tronc cérébral situés sur la face postéro-inférieure de l'hypothalamus. » (Peterson et al., 2022). “The mammillary bodies are brainstem nuclei on the posteroinferior aspect of the hypothalamus. There are 2 mammillary bodies on either side of the midline.“ (Peterson et al., 2022). corps mammilaires mammillary bodies Frank Arnould ​Aminoff, E. M., Kveraga, K., & Bar, M. (2013). The role of the parahippocampal cortex in cognition. Trends in cognitive sciences, 17(8), 379–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2013.06.009 2018-03-16 2022-09-08 Structure in the medial temporal lobe involved in contextual memory and in recollection. ​Structure du lobe temporal médian impliquée dans la mémoire des informations contextuelles et la recollection. cortex parahippocampique parahippocampal cortex Frank Arnould 2022-04-29 Clark, S. E. (2003). A memory and decision model for eyewitness identification. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 17(6), 629–654. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.891 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Smith, A. M., Smalarz, L., Wells, G. L., Lampinen, J. M., & Mackovichova, S. (2022). Fair lineups improve outside observers’ discriminability, not eyewitnesses’ discriminability : Evidence for differential filler-siphoning using empirical data and the WITNESS computer-simulation architecture. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 11(4), 534‑544. https://doi.org/10.1037/mac0000021 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 A global matching computational model to simulate suspect identification by an eyewitness in a police lineup. Modèle computationnel à appariement global permettant de simuler l'identification d'un suspect par un témoin oculaire dans un tapissage de police. WITNESS model modèle WITNESS Horry, R., Hope, L., Gabbert, F., Hughes, C., & Sharma, A. (2022, July 14). A field trial of the Self-Administered Interview for Road Traffic Collisions. https://osf.io/z5q7f Horry, R., Hughes, C., Sharma, A., Gabbert, F., & HOPE, L. (2020, November 16). Efficacy of the Self-Administered Interview: A meta-analysis. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/3S5K9 2022-08-19 Frank Arnould Gabbert, F., Hope, L., & Fisher, R. (2009). Protecting eyewitness evidence: Examining the efficacy of a self-administered interview tool. Law and Human Behavior, 33(4), 298–307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10979-008-9146-8 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Horry, R., Hughes, C., Sharma, A., Gabbert, F., & Hope, L. (2021). A meta‐analytic review of the Self‐Administered Interview©: Quantity and accuracy of details reported on initial and subsequent retrieval attempts. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 35(2), 428–444. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3753 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] 2023-06-29 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human SAI© A tool for quickly collecting eyewitness testimony without the need of an interviewer. Witnesses respond by themselves while following written instructions that will help them access to their memories. Outil permettant de recueillir rapidement les témoignages oculaires sans l’intervention d’un enquêteur. Les témoins répondent par eux-mêmes en suivant des instructions écrites qui vont les aider à accéder à leurs souvenirs. Self-Administered Interview© entretien auto-administré© Saraiva, R. B. (2022, February 2). Development and validation of the Eyewitness Metamemory Scale. https://osf.io/g6vt9 2022-07-25 Frank Arnould Saraiva, R., Boeijen, I., Hope, L., Horselenberg, R., Sauerland, M., & Koppen, P. (2019). Development and validation of the Eyewitness Metamemory Scale. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(5), 964-973. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3588 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-05 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human A scale in which respondents rate their ability to remember faces in general and in an eyewitness context, as well as the strategies they use to remember faces. Échelle dans laquelle les répondants évaluent leur capacité à se souvenir des visages en général et dans un contexte de témoignage oculaire, ainsi que les stratégies qu’ils utilisent en mémoire des visages. Eyewitness Metamemory Scale Échelle de métamémoire des témoins oculaires Peters, A., Otgaar, H., & Chan, J. C. (2017, August 4). NICHD Protocol and Misinformation. https://osf.io/vyngz Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Benia, L. R., Hauck-Filho, N., Dillenburg, M., & Stein, L. M. (2015). The NICHD investigative interview protocol: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse: Research, Treatment, & Program Innovations for Victims, Survivors, & Offenders, 24(3), 259–279. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2015.1006749 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Cyr, M., & Dion, J. (2006). Quand des guides d’entrevue servent à protéger la mémoire des enfants : l’exemple du protocole NICHD. Revue Québécoise de Psychologie, 27(3), 157-175. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Cyr, M., & Lamb, M. E. (2009). Assessing the effectiveness of the NICHD investigative interview Protocol when interviewing French-speaking alleged victims of child sexual abuse in Quebec. Child Abuse, 33(5), 257-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.04.002 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Cyr, M. (2014). Recueillir la parole de l’enfant témoin ou victime - De la théorie à la pratique. Dunod. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Cyr, M. (2022). Conducting interviews with child victims of abuse and witnesses of crime: A practical guide. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Hershkowitz, I., Ahern, E. C., Lamb, M. E., Blasbalg, U., Karni‐Visel, Y., & Breitman, M. (2017). Changes in interviewers’ use of supportive techniques during the revised protocol training. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 31(3), 340–350. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3333 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Hershkowitz, I., & Lamb, M. E. (2020). Allegation rates and credibility assessment in forensic interviews of alleged child abuse victims: Comparing the revised and standard NICHD protocols. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 26(2), 176–184. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000230 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Karni-Visel, Y., Hershkowitz, I., Lamb, M. E., & Blasbalg, U. (2019). Facilitating the expression of emotions by alleged victims of child abuse during investigative interviews using the revised NICHD protocol. Child Maltreatment, 24(3), 310–318. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559519831382 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Lamb, M. E., Orbach, Y., Hershkowitz, I., Esplin, P. W., & Horowitz, D. (2007). A structured forensic interview protocol improves the quality and informativeness of investigative interviews with children: A review of research using the NICHD Investigative Interview Protocol. Child Abuse & Neglect, 31(11–12), 1201–1231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.03.021 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Lamb, M. E., Orbach, Y., Hershkowitz, I., & Esplin, P. W. (2018). Tell me what happened: Structured investigative interviews of child victims and witnesses (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Morville, A., Bénard, M., Podlipski, M.-A., Larson, M., Lopez, G., & Gerardin, P. (2016). Recueillir la parole de l’enfant victime d’agression sexuelle selon le protocole du National Institute of Child Health and Human Development: Enjeux, méthode et intérêts pour les intervenants du champ non judiciaire. Neuropsychiatrie de l’Enfance et de l’Adolescence, 64(4), 224–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2016.03.006 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Orbach, Y., Hershkowitz, I., Lamb, M. E., Sternberg, K. J., Esplin, P. W., & Horowitz, D. (2000). Assessing the value of structured protocols for forensic interviews of alleged child abuse victims. Child Abuse & Neglect, 24(6), 733–752. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0145-2134(00)00137-X [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-06-30 NICHD interview protocol National Institute of Child Health and Human Development protocol Revised NICHD investigative interview protocol protocol of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development protocol protocole d'audition du NICHD protocole du National Institute of Child Health and Human Development A structured interview protocol to guide the investigator for interviewing children in a forensic context, particularly in the case of sexual abuse allegations. It relies primarily on the use of open-ended questions. A revised version of the protocol emphasizes socioemotional communication. Protocole d’entretien structuré guidant l’enquêteur pour recueillir la parole d'enfants dans un contexte légal, notamment dans le cas d'allégations d'agression sexuelle. Il repose principalement sur l’utilisation de questions ouvertes. Une version révisée du protocole met l’accent sur la communication socioémotionnelle. Les différentes phases du protocole du NICHD sont les suivantes (d’après Lamb et al., 2007, p. 1204-1205). Phase d’introduction. L’intervieweur se présente, clarifie à l’enfant la tâche qu’il doit accomplir (décrire des événements en détail et dire la vérité). Il explique les règles de communication de base : l’enfant peut dire « Je ne sais pas », « Je ne me souviens pas », « Je ne comprends pas », et corriger l’intervieweur si nécessaire. Phase de contact (rapport-building phase). Elle comprend deux parties. Dans la première, l’enquêteur crée un climat détendu et positif et un lien avec l’enfant. Dans la seconde, on demande à l’enfant de se souvenir en détail d’un événement neutre. Cela permet à l’enfant de se familiariser avec le questionnement libre utilisé ensuite lors de l’investigation des agressions sexuelles présumées, et de lui faire prendre conscience du niveau de détail qui lui sera demandé. Phase de transition. Des incitations sont introduites de manière non suggestive et la plus ouverte possible, afin d’aborder les événements qui font l’objet de l’entretien. L’enquêteur peut utiliser des incitations de plus en plus précises, mais formulées avec la plus grande prudence si l’enfant n’identifie pas les événements en cause. Quand l’enfant exprime une allégation, la phase de rappel libre commence. Phase de rappel libre. Des incitations et des invitations à se souvenir librement des événements sont proposées à l’enfant. Afin d’en savoir plus, l’intervieweur peut poser des questions ouvertes comme « Que s’est-il passé ensuite ? » ou « Tout à l’heure, tu as parlé d’une personne/d’un objet/d’une action. Dis-moi tout ce que tu sais à ce propos. », faisant référence à des détails mentionnés par l’enfant lui-même. Phase de questionnement directif. Seulement après l’entretien libre, l’enquêteur peut commencer à utiliser des questions directives (« Quand cela s’est-il passé ? », « De quelle couleur était la voiture ? »), toujours en référence avec ce que l’enfant a dit afin d’en savoir plus. Si des détails cruciaux manquent toujours, un nombre limité de questions à choix forcé ou pour lesquelles l’enfant peut répondre par oui ou par non peuvent être posées (« Est-ce que tu as eu mal ? », « Est-ce qu’il t’a touché par-dessus ou en dessous de tes vêtements ? »). Il est fortement déconseillé à l’enquêteur d’utiliser des phrases suggestives, contenant une information attendue, mais jamais exposée par l’enfant. Le protocole du NICHD est disponible dans plusieurs langues, dont le français : http://nichdprotocol.com/the-nichd-protocol/ The different phases of the NICHD protocol are as follows (after Lamb et al., 2007, pp. 1204-1205). Introductory phase. The interviewer introduces himself/herself, clarifies what he/she expects from the child (describing events in detail and telling the truth). He/She explains the basic rules of communication: the child can say "I don't know", "I don't remember", "I don't understand", and correct the interviewer if appropriate. Rapport-building phase. In the first part of this phase, the interviewer creates a relaxed, positive atmosphere and a rapport with the child. In the second part, the child is asked to recall a neutral event in detail. The goal is to familiarize the child with the open-ended questioning used later during the investigation of the alleged sexual abuse, and to make the child aware of the level of detail that will be required. Transition phase. Prompts are introduced in an open-ended and non-suggestive manner to address the events that are the subject of the interview. The interviewer may use increasingly specific prompts, but worded with great caution if the child does not identify the events in question. When the child makes an allegation, the free recall phase begins. Free recall phase. Prompts to freely recall the events are offered to the child. The interviewer may ask open-ended questions such as "What happened next?" or "Earlier, you mentioned a person/object/action. Tell me everything you know about it," referring to details mentioned by the child himself or herself. Direct questioning phase. Only after the open-ended questioning can the interviewer begin to use directive questions ("When did it happen?", "What color was the car?"), always referring to what the child has said in order to learn more. If crucial details are still missing, a limited number of forced-choice or yes/no questions can be asked ("Did it hurt?", "Did he touch you over or under your clothes?"). The interviewer is strongly discouraged from using suggestive sentences that contain information that is expected but never stated by the child. The NICHD protocol is available in several languages : http://nichdprotocol.com/the-nichd-protocol/ NICHD protocol protocole du NICHD 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould Mullennix, J. W., Stern, S. E., Grounds, B., Kalas, R., Flaherty, M., Kowalok, S., May, E., & Tessmer, B. (2010). Earwitness memory: Distortions for voice pitch and speaking rate. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24(4), 513–526. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1566 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Smith, H. M. J., Roeser, J., Pautz, N., Davis, J. P., Robson, J., Wright, D., Braber, N., & Stacey, P. C. (2022). Evaluating earwitness identification procedures: Adapting pre-parade instructions and parade procedure. Memory, 0(0), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2129065 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Yarmey, A. D. (2007). The psychology of speaker identification and earwitness memory. In R. C. L. Lindsay, D. F. Ross, J. D. Read, & M. P. Toglia (Eds.), The Handbook of Eyewitness Psychology: Vol. 2. Memory for people. (pp. 101–136). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-03-13 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human A form of testimony in which a person states what she or he has heard during an event. Forme de témoignage durant lequel une personne déclare ce qu’elle a entendu pendant un événement. earwitness testimony témoignage auditif 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould Butler, B. J., & Loftus, E. F. (2018). Discrepancy detection in the retrieval-enhanced suggestibility paradigm. Memory, 26(4), 483–492. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1371193 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Tousignant, J. P., Hall, D., & Loftus, E. F. (1986). Discrepancy detection and vulnerability to misleading postevent information. Memory & Cognition, 14(4), 329‑338. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202511 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-03-16 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human Principe selon lequel si une personne n'a pas remarqué de décalage entre une information trompeuse et l'événement vécu, cette information erronée est plus susceptible d'être incorporée dans sa mémoire de l'événement. The principle that if people have not noticed a discrepancy between misinformation and the experienced event, this misinformation is more likely to be incorporated into the memory of the event. discrepancy detection principle principe de détection de la divergence Battista, F., Dr, Otgaar, H., Curci, A., & Mangiulli, I. (2022, April 7). The Effect of Complex False Denial on Memory. https://osf.io/zhjt3/ Otgaar, H., Bücken, C. A., Houtstra, L., & Mangiulli, I. (2020, February 3). Denial-Induced Forgetting, Inhibition, and False Memory. OSF. https://osf.io/kp2j4/ Ramakers, N., & Otgaar, H. (2017, November 3). Denial-Induced Forgetting. OSF. https://osf.io/vy5tm/ Romeo, T., & Otgaar, H. (2018, April 15). Denial-Induced Forgetting: The Memory Impairing Effects of Simulated Amnesia for a Mock Crime. OSF. https://osf.io/tz3jx/ Frank Arnould 2021-09-06 Battista, F., Curci, A., Mangiulli, I., & Otgaar, H. (2021). What can we remember after complex denials? The impact of different false denials on memory. Psychology, Crime & Law, 27(9), 914‑931. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2020.1865956 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Bücken, C. A., Otgaar, H., London, K., Riesthuis, P., Battista, F., & Mangiulli, I. (2023). ‘Nothing happened’: Legal implications of false denials among abused children. Child Abuse Review, 32(2), e2791. https://doi.org/10.1002/car.2791 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Smeets, T., & Wang, J. (2016). Denial-induced forgetting: False denials undermine memory, but external denials undermine belief. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 5(2), 168–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2016.04.002 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Otgaar, H., & Baker, A. (2018). When lying changes memory for the truth. Memory, 26(1), 2–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1340286 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Otgaar, H., Romeo, T., Ramakers, N., & Howe, M. L. (2018). Forgetting having denied : The “amnesic” consequences of denial. Memory & Cognition, 46(4), 520‑529. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-017-0781-5 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Mangiulli, I., & Bücken, C. (2020). The impact of false denials on forgetting and false memory. Cognition, 202, 104322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104322 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 Henry Otgaar oubli induit par la dénégation oubli induit par le démenti Les participants qui nient faussement avoir vu certains détails d'un évènement oublient qu'ils ont parlé de ces détails avec l'expérimentateur. Participants who falsely deny seeing certain details of an event then forget that they discussed those details with the experimenter. denial-induced forgetting oubli induit par le déni Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2005). The Science of False Memory. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Corson, Y., & Verrier, N. (2013). Les faux souvenirs. De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Gallo, D. A. (2006). Associative illusions of memory: false memory research in DRM and related tasks. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Roediger III, H. L., & Gallo, D. A. (2022). Associative memory illusions. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions : Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgment, and memory (3rd ed.). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 False memories produced by the subject's own cognitive system, without any social pressure or external suggestion, such as associative false memories created in the DRM task. Faux souvenirs produits par le propre système cognitif du sujet, en dehors de toute pression sociale ou suggestion externe, comme les faux souvenirs associatifs créés dans la tâche DRM. faux souvenirs spontanés spontaneous false memories faux souvenir spontané spontaneous false memory Frank Arnould 2019-05-13 Loftus, E. F., Miller, D. G., & Burns, H. J. (1978). Semantic integration of verbal information into a visual memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Learning and Memory, 4(1), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.4.1.19 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 paradigme des informations trompeuses Experimental paradigm to study the formation of false memories suggested by misleading information. The procedure is carried out in three phases. 1. The subjects are first exposed to an event. 2. They are then given incorrect information about this event. 3. The subjects are asked to remember the original event. The critical issue is whether they will incorporate the suggested misleading information into their memories. Paradigme expérimental pour étudier la formation de faux souvenirs suggérés par des informations trompeuses. La procédure se déroule suivant trois phases. 1. Les sujets sont tout d’abord exposés à un événement. 2. Des informations erronées leur sont ensuite communiquées sur cet événement. 3. Les sujets doivent ensuite se souvenir de l’événement original. L’élément crucial est de savoir s’ils vont intégrer dans leurs souvenirs les informations trompeuses qui leur ont été suggérées. misinformation paradigms paradigmes de désinformation paradigmes des informations trompeuses misinformation paradigm paradigme de désinformation Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge University Press. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Bransford, J. D., & Franks, J. J. (1971). The abstraction of linguistic ideas. Cognitive Psychology, 2(4), 331–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(72)90020-0 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Brewer, W. F., & Treyens, J. C. (1981). Role of schemata in memory for places. Cognitive Psychology, 13(2), 207–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(81)90008-6 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Singer, M. (1973). A replication of Bransford and Franks’ (1971) “The abstraction of linguistic ideas.” Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 1(6), 416–418. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03334390 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] 2023-09-05 false schematic memory faux souvenir basé sur un schéma schema-driven false memory False memories created from a schematic representation of an event to fill gaps in memories. Forme de faux souvenir créée à partir d'une représentation schématique que le sujet possède sur un événement afin de combler des manques dans ses souvenirs. false schematic memories faux souvenirs basés sur un schéma faux souvenirs schématiques schema-based false memories schema-driven false memories faux souvenir schématique schema-based false memory Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Anthony, T., Copper, C., & Mullen, B. (1992). Cross-racial facial identification: A social cognitive integration. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18(3), 296–301. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167292183005 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Bothwell, R. K., Brigham, J. C., & Malpass, R. S. (1989). Cross-racial identification. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15(1), 19–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167289151002 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Brigham, J. C., Bennett, L. B., Meissner, C. A., & Mitchell, T. L. (2007). The influence of race on eyewitness memory. In R. C. L. Lindsay, D. F. Ross, J. D. Read, & M. P. Toglia (Eds.), The handbook of eyewitness psychology, Vol II: Memory for people. (p. 257-281). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Brown, T. I., Uncapher, M. R., Chow, T. E., Eberhardt, J. L., & Wagner, A. D. (2017). Cognitive control, attention, and the other race effect in memory. PLoS ONE, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173579 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Lee, J., & Penrod, S. D. (2022). Three‐level meta‐analysis of the other‐race bias in facial identification. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(5), 1106–1130. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3997 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Meissner, C. A., & Brigham, J. C. (2001). Thirty years of investigating the own-race bias in memory for faces: A meta-analytic review. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 7(1), 3-35. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.7.1.3 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Singh, B., Mellinger, C., Earls, H. A., Tran, J., Bardsley, B., & Correll, J. (2022). Does cross-race contact improve cross-race face perception? A meta-analysis of the cross-race deficit and contact. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 48(6), 865–887. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672211024463 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] de Viviés, X., Kelly, D. J., Cordier, V., & Pascalis, O. (2010). Reconnaissance des visages d’un autre groupe ethnique : éclairage d’une approche développementale. Psychologie Française, 55(3), 243–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psfr.2010.07.001 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 biais d'identification de l'autre race cross-race effect cross-race identification bias effet de l'autre race effet inter-ethnies effet inter-races effet transethnique other race effect own-ethnicity bias Better recognition of faces from the same ethnicity of the subject compared to face recognition from other ethnic groups. Meilleure reconnaissance des visages de la même ethnie que celle des sujets par rapport à la reconnaissance de visages issus d’ethnies différentes. biais lié à l’ethnie d’appartenance own-race bias Calado, B., Otgaar, H., Luke, T. J., Landström, S., & Connolly, D. (2020, October 27). Implanting False Autobiographical Memories for Repeated Events. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/4FZHT Frank Arnould 2018-10-22 Arce, R., Selaya, A., Sanmarco, J., & Fariña, F. (2023). Implanting rich autobiographical false memories: Meta–analysis for forensic practice and judicial judgment making. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 23(4), 100386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100386 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] Calado, B., Luke, T. J., Connolly, D. A., Landström, S., & Otgaar, H. (2021). Implanting false autobiographical memories for repeated events. Memory, 29(10), 1320–1341. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1981944 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Johnson, M. S., Magnussen, S., Foyn Asmyhr, A., Jensen Helgeland, J., Pilegaard Jonassen, M., Lundal, E., Haua Marthinsen, M., Sikveland, K., Sjøflot, A. K., Skoglund, R. S., Tallaksen, P., Døhlen Fjeldberg Tangen, M. E., Tran, J., & Flatebø Widmark, L. (in press). Doctored photographs create false memories of spectacular childhood events. A replication of Wade et al. (2002) with a Scandinavian twist. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2200595 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] Loftus, E. F., & Pickrell, K. L. (1995). The formation of false memories. Psychiatric Annals, 25(12), 720-725. https://doi.org/10.3928/0048-5713-19951201-07 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Murphy, G., Dawson, C. A., Huston, C., Ballantyne, L., Barrett, E., Cowman, C. S., Fitzsimons, C., Maher, J., Ryan, K. M., & Greene, C. M. (in press). Lost in the mall again: A preregistered replication and extension of Loftus & Pickrell (1995). Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2198327 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed] Scoboria, A., Wade, K. A., Lindsay, D. S., Azad, T., Strange, D., Ost, J., & Hyman, I. E. (2017). A mega-analysis of memory reports from eight peer-reviewed false memory implantation studies. Memory, 25(2), 146–163. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2016.1260747 [Document type: mega-analysis / Access: closed] Wade, K. A., Garry, M., Don Read, J., & Lindsay, D. S. (2002). A picture is worth a thousand lies: Using false photographs to create false childhood memories. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 9(3), 597–603. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196318 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-05 faux souvenir riche rich false memory False memory of an entire event produced under the influence of suggestions. Faux souvenir d’un événement complet produit sous l’influence de suggestions. faux souvenirs implantés faux souvenirs riches implanted false memories rich false memories faux souvenir implanté ​ implanted false memory Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Herlitz, A., & Lovén, J. (2013). Sex differences and the own-gender bias in face recognition: A meta-analytic review. Visual Cognition, 21(9-10), 1306–1336. https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2013.823140 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 biais lié au genre d'appartenance own-gender bias Biais indiquant que les personnes reconnaissent mieux les visages d’individus de leur propre sexe que du sexe opposé. En fait, ce biais serait présent surtout chez les femmes. Bias indicating that people recognize the faces of people from their own sex better than from the opposite sex. In fact, this bias is thought to be present only in women. biais lié au sexe d’appartenance own-sex bias Talarico, J. M., Bohn, A., & Wessel, I. (2019, May 8). Role of Event Relevance and Congruence on Flashbulb Memory Formation. https://osf.io/hpkwj/ Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Brown, R., & Kulik, J. (1977). Flashbulb memories. Cognition, 5(1), 73–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(77)90018-X [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Curci, A., Lanciano, T., Curtotti, D., & Sartori, G. (2020). Lessons for the courtroom from the study of Flashbulb memory: An integrative review. Memory, 28(3), 441–449. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1727522 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Kopp, S. J., Sockol, L. E., & Multhaup, K. S. (2020). Age-related differences in flashbulb memories: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 35(4), 459–472. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000467 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Lecouvey, G., Desgranges, B., Peschanski, D., & Eustache, F. (2020). Le souvenir flash : Un souvenir spécial au croisement de la mémoire individuelle et de la mémoire collective. Revue de neuropsychologie, 12(1), 35–45. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2020.0534 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Luminet, O., & Curci, A. (Eds.). (2009). Flashbulb Memories: New Issues and New Perspectives. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Talarico, J. M. (in press). Flashbulb memory. In L. M. Bietti & M. Pogacar (Eds.), The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Memory Studies. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93789-8_27-1 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Thomas-Antérion, C., Borg, C., Vioux, H., & Laurent, B. (2010). En quoi la recherche de souvenirs flash peut-elle nous renseigner sur la mémoire épisodique et la mémoire sémantique ? Revue de neuropsychologie, 2(1), 55–60. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2010.0055 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-09-05 souvenir éclair "Flashbulb memories are long-lasting, vivid, confidently held memories of the reception context for learning about surprising, important, public events that were not directly experienced." (Talarico, in press). Souvenir durable, vivace, et exprimé avec confiance, des circonstances dans lesquelles une personne a pris connaissance d'un évènement surprenant, important et public, et sans l’avoir vécu directement (d’après Talarico, sous presse). flashbulb memories souvenirs flashes souvenirs éclair flashbulb memory souvenir flash Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Baudouin, J.-Y. (2017). Expert en visages : sommes-nous programmés pour reconnaître les visages ? Presses Universitaires de Grenoble. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Bruce, V., & Young, A. (2012). Face perception. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Bruce, V., & Burton, A. M. (2023). The problem of face identification. In R. H. Logie, Z. Wen, S. E. Gathercole, N. Cowan, & R. W. Engle (Eds.), Memory in science for society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 33–62). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Calder, A., Rhodes, G., Johnson, M., & Haxby, J. (Eds.). (2011). The Oxford handbook of face perception. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Hole, G. J., & Bourne, V. (2010). Face Processing: Psychological, neuropsychological, and applied perspectives. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Martschuk, N., & Sporer, S. L. (2018). Memory for faces in old age: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 33(6), 904–923. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000282 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Young, A. W., & Burton, A. M. (2017). Recognizing faces. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 26(3), 212–217. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721416688114 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Young, A. W., & Burton, A. M. (2018). Are we face experts? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 22(2), 100–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2017.11.007 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 facial memory memory for faces souvenir des visages Generic term for the encoding, storage, and retrieval of faces. Terme générique utilisé pour l'encodage, le stockage et la récupération de visages. face from memory face memories souvenir d'un visage souvenirs d'un visage souvenirs des visages face memory mémoire des visages Frank Arnould 2021-09-07 Maswood, R., & Rajaram, S. (2019). Social transmission of false memory in small groups and large networks. Topics in Cognitive Science, 11(4), 687–709. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12348 [Document type: literature review / Access: free] Maswood, R., Luhmann, C. C., & Rajaram, S. (2021). Persistence of false memories and emergence of collective false memory: Collaborative recall of DRM word lists. Memory, 0(0), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1928222 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 False memory that emerges within a social group. Faux souvenir qui émerge au sein d’un groupe social. collective false memories faux souvenirs collectifs collective false memory faux souvenir collectif Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Martschuk, N., & Sporer, S. L. (2018). Memory for faces in old age: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 33(6), 904–923. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000282 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Rhodes, M. G., & Anastasi, J. S. (2012). The own-age bias in face recognition: A meta-analytic and theoretical review. Psychological Bulletin, 138(1), 146-174. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025750 [Document type: literature review, meta-analysis / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 "recognition memory for faces of one’s own age group is often superior to memory for faces of another age group." (Rhodes et Anastasi, 2012, p. 146). « La mémoire de reconnaissance des visages de son propre groupe d'âge est souvent supérieure à la mémoire des visages d'un autre groupe d'âge. » (Rhodes et Anastasi, 2012, p. 146). biais lié au groupe d’âge d’appartenance own-age bias Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Roediger, H. L., & DeSoto, K. A. (2015). Reconstructive memory, Psychology of. In J. Wright (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition, p. 50-55). Elsevier. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Schacter, D.L., Norman, K.A. & Koutstaal, W. (1998). The cognitive neuroscience of constructive memory. Annual Review of Psychology, 49, 289–318. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.49.1.289 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 memory reconstruction souvenir reconstructif Notion utilisée pour insister sur le fait que la mémoire n'est pas la reproduction des épisodes et événements passés, mais repose sur des processus de reconstruction des souvenirs à partir de la trace mnésique de l'évènement, attentes, croyances, inférences, buts et connaissances pré-existantes. La reconstruction peut conduire à des erreurs, des distorsions mnésiques et à de faux souvenirs. The term used to insist on the fact that memory is not the reproduction but rather the reconstruction of the past, based on memory traces, expectations, beliefs, inferences, goals, and prior knowledge. Reconstruction can lead to errors, memory distortions and false memories. reconstrutive memories souvenirs reconstructifs mémoire reconstructive reconstructive memory Matsumoto, N. (2020). Repeated retrieval of generalized memories can impair specific autobiographical recall: A retrieval induced forgetting account [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/a5q8y/ Pereira, M., & Campos, S. G. del P. (2014). Retrieval induced forgetting [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/vx8e9/ Storm, B. C., & Soares, J. (2020). Retrieval-induced forgetting can be eliminated by restudy [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/dp8cu/ rettopnivek. (2016). Rettopnivek/Wimber_et_al_replication_3 [Data set]. https://github.com/rettopnivek/Wimber_et_al_replication_3 Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Anderson, M. C., Bjork, R. A., & Bjork, E. L. (1994). Remembering can cause forgetting: Retrieval dynamics in long-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20(5), 1063–1087. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.20.5.1063 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Anderson, M. C. (2003). Rethinking interference theory: Executive control and the mechanisms of forgetting. Journal of Memory and Language, 49(4), 415–445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2003.08.006 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Bekinschtein, P., Weisstaub, N. V., Gallo, F., Renner, M., & Anderson, M. C. (2018). A retrieval-specific mechanism of adaptive forgetting in the mammalian brain. Nature Communications, 9(1), 4660. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07128-7 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Levy, B. (2002). Inhibitory processes and the control of memory retrieval. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(7), 299–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01923-X [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Murayama, K., Miyatsu, T., Buchli, D., & Storm, B. C. (2014). Forgetting as a consequence of retrieval: A meta-analytic review of retrieval-induced forgetting. Psychological Bulletin, 140(5), 1383–1409. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037505 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Pica, G., Chernikova, M., Pierro, A., Giannini, A. M., & Kruglanski, A. W. (2018). Retrieval-induced forgetting as motivated cognition. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02030 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Potter, K. W., Huszar, L. D., & Huber, D. E. (2018). Does inhibition cause forgetting after selective retrieval? A reanalysis and failure to replicate. Cortex, 104, 26‑45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2018.03.026 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed] Rowland, C. A., Bates, L. E., & DeLosh, E. L. (2014). On the reliability of retrieval-induced forgetting. Frontiers in Psychology, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01343 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Storm, B., Angello, G., Buchli, D., Little, J., & Nestojko, J. (2015). A review of retrieval-induced forgetting in the contexts of learning, eyewitness memory, social cognition, autobiographical memory, and creative cognition. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation—Advances in Research and Theory (Vol. 62, pp. 141–194). https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.plm.2014.09.005 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Verde, M. F. (2012). Retrieval-induced forgetting and inhibition: A critical review. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 56, p. 47–80). New-York: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-394393-4.00002-9 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Verde, M. F. (2013). Retrieval-induced forgetting in recall: Competitor interference revisited. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(5), 1433–1448. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032975 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Wimber, M., Alink, A., Charest, I., Kriegeskorte, N., & Anderson, M. C. (2015). Retrieval induces adaptive forgetting of competing memories via cortical pattern suppression. Nature Neuroscience, 18(4), 582‑589. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3973 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Wu, J. Q., Peters, G. J., Rittner, P., Cleland, T. A., & Smith, D. M. (2014). The hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, and selective memory retrieval : Evidence from a rodent model of the retrieval-induced forgetting effec. Hippocampus, 24(9), 1070‑1080. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22291 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 RIF WI-RIF oubli induit par la récupération Phenomenon showing that the selective retrieval of information can lead to the forgetting of related information. Phénomène montrant que la récupération sélective d'une information peut entraîner l’oubli d’informations associées. A retrieval-induced forgetting experiment includes the following phases (Anderson et al., 1994). Participants first study, for example, word pairs, each consisting of the noun and an exemplar of a semantic category (examples: “Fruits-Orange“ “Fruits-Apple“, “Drinks-Whisky“). After the study phase, participants are asked to remember half of the exemplars from half of the categories (retrieval practice phase). To do this, they are presented with the name of a category and the first two letters of a choice of exemplars ("Orange", but not "Apple", for example), three times each. After a distraction task, participants are asked to remember all studied words, with the category name still serving as a cue. The final recall thus concerns three types of exemplars: those reviewed in the practiced categories in the second phase of the experiment (Rp+ items, such as "Fruits-Orange"), those associated with the practiced categories but without the benefit of additional retrieval trials (Rp-, such as "Fruits-Apple"), and finally those associated with the unpracticed categories presented only once during the study phase (Nrp, for example, "Drinks-Whisky). The results indicate that participants recall Rp+ words ("Orange") significantly better than the Nrp words ("Whisky"). The latter were recalled even better than Rp- words ("Apple"). Une expérience d’oubli induit par la récupération comprend les phases suivantes (Anderson et al., 1994). Les participants commencent par étudier, par exemple, des paires de mots constituées chacune du nom et d’un exemplaire d’une catégorie sémantique (exemples : « Fruits - Orange », « Fruits - Pomme », « Boissons - Whisky »). Après la phase d’étude, les participants sont invités à se souvenir de la moitié des exemplaires de la moitié des catégories (phase de pratique de la récupération). Pour ce faire, on leur présente, à trois reprises, le nom d’une catégorie et les deux premières lettres d’un choix d’exemplaires (« Orange », mais pas « Pomme », par exemple). Après une tâche de distraction, les participants doivent se souvenir de l’ensemble des mots étudiés. Le rappel final concerne donc trois types d’exemplaires : ceux revus dans les catégories pratiquées dans la deuxième phase de l’expérience (items Rp+, comme « Fruits-Orange »), ceux associés aux catégories pratiquées, mais n’ayant pas bénéficié d’essais supplémentaires de récupération (Rp-, comme « Fruits-Pomme »), et enfin ceux associés aux catégories non pratiquées et présentées une seule fois au moment de l’étude (Nrp, par exemple, « Boissons - Whisky). Les résultats indiquent que les participants se souviennent beaucoup mieux des mots Rp+ (« Orange ») que des mots Nrp (« Whisky »). Ces derniers sont encore mieux rappelés que les mots Rp- (« Pomme »). oubli induit par récupération retrieval-induced forgetting Frank Arnould 2021-06-30 Belli, R. F. (Ed.). (2012). True and false recovered memories : Toward a reconciliation of the debate (2012ᵉ éd.). Springer-Verlag New York Inc. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Brédart, S. (2004). La récupération de souvenirs d’abus sexuels infantiles chez l’adulte. In S. Brédart & M. Van der Linden (Eds.), Souvenirs récupérés, souvenirs oubliés et faux souvenirs. (pp. 13–46). Solal. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Dodier, O. (2019). A bibliometric analysis of the recovered memory controversy in the 21st century. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(4), 571‑584. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3498 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Dodier, O., Patihis, L., & Payoux, M. (2019). Reports of recovered memories of childhood abuse in therapy in France. Memory, 27(9), 1283‑1298. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1652654 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Dodier, O. (2021). L’amnésie dissociative : Limites méthodologiques, limites conceptuelles, et explications alternatives. L'Année Psychologique, 121(3), 275‑309. https://doi.org/10.3917/anpsy1.213.0275 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Dodier, O., & Patihis, L. (2021). Recovered memories of child abuse outside of therapy. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 35(2), 538‑547. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3783 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Loftus, E. F., & Davis, D. (2006). Recovered memories. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 2, 469‑498. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.2.022305.095315 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] McNally, R. J. (2003). Remembering trauma. Harvard University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] McNally, R. J., & Geraerts, E. (2009). A new solution to the recovered memory debate. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(2), 126‑134. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01112.x [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 Olivier Dodier souvenir recouvré Memory of a traumatic autobiographical event, recovered spontaneously or in the course of a therapy, and which was previously perceived as being inaccessible. Souvenir d'un évènement autobiographique traumatique, retrouvé spontanément ou au cours d'une thérapie, et qui était auparavant perçu comme inaccessible. recovered memories souvenirs recouvrés souvenirs retrouvés recovered memory souvenir retrouvé Janssen, S. M. J. (2020, December 20). Replicating Remembering “Remembering.” https://osf.io/vum42/ Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Anthony, K., & Janssen, S. M. J. (in press). A brief overview of research into the forgot-it-all-along effect. Topics in Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12670 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Arnold, M. M., & Lindsay, D. S. (2002). Remembering remembering. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(3), 521-529. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.28.3.521 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Janssen, S. M. J., Anthony, K., Chang, C. Y. M., Choong, E.-L., Neoh, J. Y., & Lim, A. (2022). Replicating remembering “remembering”. Memory, 30(6), 686‑694. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1868525 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed] Schooler, J. W., Bendikson, M., & Ambadadar, Z. (1997). Taking the middle line: Can we accommodate both fabricated and recovered memories of sexual abuse? In M. Conway (Ed.), Recovered memories and false memories (p. 251-292). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 FIA effect amnésie illusoire biais d'oubli d'une récupération antérieure forget-it-all-along bias forget-it-all-along effect forgot-it-all-along bias Forgetting that an event has been previously remembered. Oubli de s’être souvenu antérieurement d’une information. amnésies illusoires illusory amnesias effet d'oubli d'une récupération antérieure forgot-it-all-along effect Greene, C., Murphy, G., Ballantyne, L., Barrett, L., Cowman, C., Dawson, C., … Ryan, K. (2022, June 28). Lost in the Mall: Replication and extension. https://osf.io/krfpu Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Loftus, E. F., & Pickrell, K. L. (1995). The formation of false memories. Psychiatric Annals, 25(12), 720-725. https://doi.org/10.3928/0048-5713-19951201-07 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Murphy, G., Dawson, C. A., Huston, C., Ballantyne, L., Barrett, E., Cowman, C. S., Fitzsimons, C., Maher, J., Ryan, K. M., & Greene, C. M. (in press). Lost in the mall again: A preregistered replication and extension of Loftus & Pickrell (1995). Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2198327 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 false memory implantation method false memory implantation technique familial-informant false narrative paradigm familial-informant false narrative procedure lost in the mall paradigm lost in the mall technique méthode d'implantation d'un faux souvenir paradigme du faux récit familial informatif paradigme « Perdu dans un centre commercial » procédure du faux récit familial informatif technique « Perdu dans un centre commercial » An experimental paradigm for implanting a false memory of a complete autobiographical event. Paradigme expérimental permettant d'implanter le faux souvenir d'un évènement autobiographique complet. false memory implantation paradigm paradigme d'implantation d'un faux souvenir Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Bayless, S. J., & Harvey, A. J. (2017). Testing alcohol myopia theory: Examining the effects of alcohol intoxication on simultaneous central and peripheral attention. Perception, 46(1), 90–99. https://doi.org/10.1177/0301006616672221 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Crossland, D., Kneller, W., & Wilcock, R. (2016). Intoxicated witnesses: Testing the validity of the alcohol myopia theory. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 30(2), 270–281. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3209 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Jaffe, A. E., Harris, C. M., & DiLillo, D. (2019). Observing alcohol myopia in the context of a trauma film paradigm: Differential recall of central and peripheral details. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 43(10), 2203–2211. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14156 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Sauerland, M., Broers, N. J., & van Oorsouw, K. (2019). Two field studies on the effects of alcohol on eyewitness identification, confidence, and decision times. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(3), 370–385. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3493 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Schreiber Compo, N., Evans, J. R., Carol, R. N., Kemp, D., Villalba, D., Ham, L. S., & Rose, S. (2011). Alcohol intoxication and memory for events : A snapshot of alcohol myopia in a real-world drinking scenario. Memory, 19(2), 202–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2010.546802. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] van Oorsouw, K., Broers, N. J., & Sauerland, M. (2019). Alcohol intoxication impairs eyewitness memory and increases suggestibility: Two field studies. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(3), 439–455. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3561 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-05 alcohol myopia theory théorie de la myopie alcoolique Hypothèse selon laquelle la consommation d'alcool provoquerait un rétrécissement de l'attention. Cela se traduirait par une moins bonne mémoire des informations périphériques d'un évènement, alors que la mémoire des informations centrales serait préservée. The hypothesis that alcohol consumption leads to a narrowing of attention, resulting in poorer memory for peripheral information about an event, while memory for central information is thought to be preserved. alcohol myopia myopie alcoolique alcohol myopia hypothesis hypothèse de la myopie alcoolique Brockerhoff, A. (2020, July 2). Eliciting Nonbelieved Memories. https://osf.io/vew4s/ Creating Nonbelieved Memories for Bizarre Actions Using an Imagination Inflation Procedure. (2020). [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/8XNZ3 Li, C., Otgaar, H., Wang, J., Zhang, Y., Mr, & Muris, P. (2022, March 21). Inducing nonbelieved memories using negative pictures from the Open Affective Standardized Image Set. https://osf.io/jdu45/ Otgaar, H., Wang, J., Li, C., Mazzoni, G., & Zhang, Y., Mr. (2022, January 6). Review: Belief, Recollection, and Nonbelieved memories. https://osf.io/5yr8a/ Virtual reality and nonbelieved memories. (2017). [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/ Zhang, Y., Battista, F., Thissen, D., Otgaar, H., Wang, J., & Jelicic, M. (in press). Examining the associations between nonbelieved memories and memory distrust, self-esteem, and rumination. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000344 Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Mazzoni, G., Scoboria, A., & Harvey, L. (2010). Nonbelieved Memories. Psychological Science, 21(9), 1334 -1340. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797610379865 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Otgaar, H., Scoboria, A., & Mazzoni, G. (2014). On the existence and implications of nonbelieved memories. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23(5), 349-354. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721414542102 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Otgaar, H., Bücken, C., Bogaard, G., Wade, K. A., Hopwood, A. R., Scoboria, A., & Howe, M. L. (2019). Nonbelieved memories in the false memory archive. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 8(4), 429–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2019.07.003 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Scoboria, A., Mazzoni, G., & Boucher, C. (2017). Nonbelieved memories : A review of findings and theoretical implications. In R. A. Nash & J. Ost (Eds.), False and distorted memories. Psychology Press. Ebook edition. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Scoboria, A., Nash, R. A., & Mazzoni, G. (2017). Sub-types of nonbelieved memories reveal differential outcomes of challenges to memories. Memory, 25(7), 876–889. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2016.1203437 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Zhang, Y., Battista, F., Thissen, D., Otgaar, H., Wang, J., & Jelicic, M. (2022). Examining the associations between nonbelieved memories and memory distrust, self-esteem, and rumination. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000344 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 souvenir douteux souvenir non cru A vivid autobiographical memory, the veracity of which is called into question by the subject. Souvenir autobiographique vivace dont le sujet a fini par douter de la véracité. nonbelieved memories souvenirs contestés souvenirs douteux souvenirs non crus nonbelieved memory souvenir contesté Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Brand, M., & Markowitsch, H. J. (2010). Aspects of forgetting in psychogenic amnesia. In S. Della Sala (Ed.), Forgetting (pp. 239–251). Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Dodier, O. (2021). L’amnésie dissociative : Limites méthodologiques, limites conceptuelles, et explications alternatives. L'Année Psychologique, 121(3), 275‑309. https://doi.org/10.3917/anpsy1.213.0275 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Harrison, N. A., Johnston, K., Corno, F., Casey, S. J., Friedner, K., Humphreys, K., Jaldow, E. J., Pitkanen, M., & Kopelman, M. D. (2017). Psychogenic amnesia: Syndromes, outcome, and patterns of retrograde amnesia. Brain, 140(9), 2498–2510. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awx186 [Document type: empirical study / Access: free] Mangiulli, I., Jelicic, M., Patihis, L., & Otgaar, H. (2021). Believing in dissociative amnesia relates to claiming it: A survey of people’s experiences and beliefs about dissociative amnesia. Memory, 29(10), 1362-1374 . https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1987475 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Mangiulli, I., Otgaar, H., Jelicic, M., & Merckelbach, H. (2022). A critical review of case studies on dissociative amnesia. Clinical Psychological Science, 10(2), 191–211. https://doi.org/10.1177/21677026211018194 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Markowitsch, H. J. (1999). Functional neuroimaging correlates of functional amnesia. Memory, 7(5-6), 561–583. https://doi.org/10.1080/096582199387751 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Markowitsch, H. J. (2003). Psychogenic amnesia. NeuroImage, 20, S132–S138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.09.010 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] McNally, R. J. (2003). Remembering trauma. Harvard University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Thomas-Anterion, C. (2017). L’amnésie dissociative. Revue de neuropsychologie, 9(4), 213–217. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2017.0431 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 amnésie dissociative amnésie psychogène dissociative amnesia psychogenic amnesia psychogenic fugue Amnésie rétrograde, faisant suite à un stess important, à un évènement traumatisant, et pouvant aller jusqu’à la perte de l’identité personnelle. Les apprentissages nouveaux sont possibles (pas d’amnésie antérograde). Retrograde amnesia, following a major stress, a traumatic event, which can even go as far as loss of personal identity. New learning is possible (no anterograde amnesia). amnésie fonctionnelle functional amnesia Robin, F., Menetrier, E., & Beffara Bret, B. (2021, June 11). Effect of visual imagery on false memories in DRM and Misinformation paradigms. https://osf.io/zsh3b/ Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Flowe, H. D., & Schreiber Compo, N. (2021). The lack of robust evidence for the effects of alcohol on false memory. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 127, 332–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.029 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Griego, A. W., Datzman, J. N., Estrada, S. M., & Middlebrook, S. S. (2019). Suggestibility and false memories in relation to intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder: A meta‐analytic review. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 63(12), 1464–1474. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12668 [Document type: literature review / Access: free] Klemfuss, J. Z., & Olaguez, A. P. (2020). Individual differences in children’s suggestibility: An updated review. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 29(2), 158–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2018.1508108 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Kloft, L., Monds, L. A., Blokland, A., Ramaekers, J. G., & Otgaar, H. (2021). Hazy memories in the courtroom: A review of alcohol and other drug effects on false memory and suggestibility. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 124, 291–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.012 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Muschalla, B., & Schönborn, F. (2021). Induction of false beliefs and false memories in laboratory studies – A systematic review. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 28(5), 1194-1209. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2567 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-09-05 faux souvenir induit par suggestion suggestion-induced false memory False memory produced under social pressure or external suggestions. Faux souvenirs qu'une personne produit sous la pression sociale ou sous l'influence de suggestions externes. faux souvenirs induits faux souvenirs induits par suggestion induced false memories suggestion-induced false memories faux souvenir induit induced false memory Frank Arnould Jumah, F. R., & Dossani, R. H. (2022). Neuroanatomy, Cingulate Cortex. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537077/ Rolls, E. T. (2019). The cingulate cortex and limbic systems for emotion, action, and memory. Brain Structure and Function, 224(9), 3001‑3018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-019-01945-2 2020-06-23 2022-03-28 "The cingulate cortex is made up of the cingulate gyrus and the cortical gray matter lining the superior and inferior borders of the cingulate sulcus. As the Latin translation of “cingulate” would suggest, the cingulate gyrus wraps around the corpus callosum like a “belt.”“(Jumah & Dosant, 2022). « Le cortex cingulaire est constitué du gyrus cingulaire et de la substance grise corticale qui borde les limites supérieures et inférieures du sillon cingulaire. Comme le suggère la traduction latine de "cingulaire", le gyrus cingulaire entoure le corps calleux comme une "ceinture".» (Jumah & Dosant, 2022). cingulate cortex cortex cingulaire Frank Arnould Euston, D. R., Gruber, A. J., & McNaughton, B. L. (2012). The role of medial prefrontal cortex in memory and decision making. Neuron, 76(6), 1057‑1070. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2012.12.002 2018-07-31 2022-09-08 cortex préfrontal ventromédian mPFC ventromedial prefrontal cortex vmPFC cortex préfrontal médian medial prefrontal cortex Akan, M., Benjamin, A., & Robinson, M. M. (2021, April 3). The effect of lineup size on eyewitness identification accuracy. https://osf.io/xcfhj Baldassari, M. J. (2021, April 14). An ERP Lineup based on the P300 Guilty Knowledge Test. https://osf.io/2mv54 Baldassari, M. J., & Lindsay, D. S. (2021, April 14). Using ERP to identify culprits from lineups. https://osf.io/dzkez Baldassari, M. J., Holroyd, C. B., & Tanaka, J. (2021, February 5). An ERP-based Concealed Information Test for Simultaneous Lineups. https://osf.io/b8tk9 Brackmann, Sauerland, & Otgaar (2018). Developmental Trends in Lineup Performance: Adolescents are More Prone to Innocent Bystander Misidentifications than Children and Adults. https://osf.io/58nhb/ Byrne, K. A., & Kennett, P. (2021, January 7). The Effect of Time Pressure and Lineup Type on Eyewitness Identification Accuracy and Confidence. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/WD62S Colloff, M. F. (2021, February 16). Optimizing the selection of fillers in police lineups: Experiment 2. https://osf.io/c36bf Colloff, M. F. (2022, January 23). Optimizing the selection of fillers in police lineups: Experiment 1. https://osf.io/uzk48 Colloff, M. F., & Wade, K. A. (2018, September 27). Unfair lineups don’t just make witnesses more willing to choose the suspect, they also make them more likely to confuse innocent and guilty suspects. https://osf.io/63w4s Colloff, M. F., Flowe, H. D., & Seale-Carlisle, T. M. (2022, January 25). Investigating the own race bias: Eyewitness identification performance in sequential, simultaneous-independent-movement, and simultaneous-joint-movement interactive lineups. (Study 2). https://osf.io/b8tvw Fitzgerald, R. J. (2018, March 22). The single lineup paradigm: A new way to manipulate target presence in eyewitness identification experiments. https://osf.io/zc47d Holdstock, J., Dalton, P., May, K., Boogert, S., & Mickes, L. (2022, April 26). Lineup identification in young and older witnesses: Does describing the criminal help or hinder? https://osf.io/xmk3h Lin, W. (2021, December 21). The Effects of Repeated Lineups and Delay on Eyewitness Identification. https://osf.io/bc3zu Lockamyeir, R., Jones, A., & Carlson, C. (2022, January 31). How confidence, decision time, and lineup fairness influence perceptions of eyewitness identification accuracy. https://osf.io/wmhp3 Manley, K. D., Chan, J. C., & Wells, G. L. (2019, April 16). Do Masked-Face Lineups Facilitate Eyewitness Identification of a Masked Individual? https://osf.io/5h4sg Nyman, T. J. (2020, March 10). Lineup Positions. https://osf.io/bqdmg Smalarz, L., Kornell, N., Vaughn, K., & Palmer, M. A. (2019, March 23). Identification Performance from Multiple Lineups: Should Eyewitnesses Who Pick Fillers Be Burned? https://osf.io/k529y Winsor, A.A., Flowe, H.D., Seale-Carlisle, T.M., Killeen, I.M., Hett, D., Jores, T., Ingham, M., Lee, B.P., Stevens, L.M., & Colloff, M.F. (2020, July 7). Child Witness Expressions of Certainty Are Informative. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/3ZJD6 Frank Arnould 2022-04-27 Erickson, W. B., Lampinen, J. M., & Moore, K. N. (2016). Eyewitness identifications by older and younger adults: A meta-analysis and discussion. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 31(2), 108–121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-015-9176-3 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Fitzgerald, R. J., Price, H. L., Oriet, C., & Charman, S. D. (2013). The effect of suspect-filler similarity on eyewitness identification decisions: A meta-analysis. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 19(2), 151–164. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030618 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Fitzgerald, R. J., & Price, H. L. (2015). Eyewitness identification across the life span: A meta-analysis of age differences. Psychological Bulletin, 141(6), 1228–1265. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000013 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Fitzgerald, R. J., Price, H. L., & Valentine, T. (2018). Eyewitness identification: Live, photo, and video lineups. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 24(3), 307–325. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000164 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Juncu, S., & Fitzgerald, R. J. (2021). A meta-analysis of lineup size effects on eyewitness identification. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 27(3), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000311 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Lampinen, J. M., Neuschatz, J. S., & Cling, A. D. (2012). The psychology of eyewitness identification. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Lee, J., & Penrod, S. D. (2019). New signal detection theory-based framework for eyewitness performance in lineups. Law and Human Behavior, 43(5), 436–454. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000343 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Lucas, C. A., Brewer, N., & Palmer, M. A. (2021). Eyewitness identification: The complex issue of suspect-filler similarity. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 27(2), 151–169. https://doi.org/10.1037/law000024 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Pozzulo, J. D., Crescini, C., & Panton, T. (2008). Does methodology matter in eyewitness identification research?: The effect of live versus video exposure on eyewitness identification accuracy. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 31(5), 430–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2008.08.006 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Pozzulo, J. D., Reed, J., Pettalia, J., & Dempsey, J. (2016). Simultaneous, Sequential, Elimination, and Wildcard: A Comparison of Lineup Procedures. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 31(1), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-015-9168-3 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Shen, K. J., Colloff, M. F., Vul, E., Wilson, B. M., & Wixted, J. T. (2023). Modeling face similarity in police lineups. Psychological Review, 130(2), 432–461. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000408 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Smith, A. M., Toglia, M. P., & Lampinen, J. M. (Eds.). (2021). Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wells, G. L., Kovera, M. B., Douglass, A. B., Brewer, N., Meissner, C. A., & Wixted, J. T. (2020). Policy and procedure recommendations for the collection and preservation of eyewitness identification evidence. Law and Human Behavior, 44(1), 3–36. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000359 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Wixted, J. T., & Mickes, L. (2014). A signal-detection-based diagnostic-feature-detection model of eyewitness identification. Psychological Review, 121(2), 262–276. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035940 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wixted, J. T., Vul, E., Mickes, L., & Wilson, B. M. (2018). Models of lineup memory. Cognitive Psychology, 105, 81–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2018.06.001 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 identification parade lineup parade d'identification séance d'identification Dans une séance de tapissage, le suspect est présenté parmi un ensemble d’individus dont l’innocence est connue (les distracteurs ou figurants). La tâche du témoin ou de la victime est d’identifier ou non le suspect parmi les personnes de la parade. Les membres du tapissage peuvent être présentés au moyen de photographies, d’enregistrements vidéo ou en direct (derrière une glace sans tain). Dans un tapissage de voix, la voix du suspect est présentée parmi des voix de personnes innocentes. In a police lineup, the suspect is presented among a group of persons known to be innocent. The witness's or victim's task is to identify or not identify the suspect among the persons in the identification parade. The members of the line-up can be presented through photographs, video recordings or live (behind a one-way mirror). In a voice lineup, the suspect's voice is presented among the voices of innocent people. identification parades line-up line-ups lineup members lineup procedure lineups parades d'identification police line-ups police lineups séances d'identification tapissages tapissages de police police lineup tapissage de police Frank Arnould Brewer, J. B., & Moghekar, A. (2002). Imaging the medial temporal lobe: Exploring new dimensions. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(5), 217-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01881-8 Davachi, L., & Preston, A. (2014). The medial temporal lobe and memory. In M. S. Gazzaniga & G. R. Mangun (Eds.), The Cognitive Neurosciences (5th ed., pp. 539–546). MIT Press 2017-12-04 2022-01-11 Ensemble de structures du lobe temporal jouant un rôle important dans le fonctionnement de certains aspects de la mémoire : l'amygdale, le cortex entorhinal, le cortex parahippocampique, le cortex périrhinal, l'hippocampe (Brewer & Moghekar, 2002.) Temporal lobe structures that play an important role in the functioning of certain aspects of memory: the amygdala, the entorhinal cortex, the parahippocampal cortex, the perirhinal cortex, the hippocampus (Brewer & Moghekar, 2002.) lobes temporaux médians medial temporal lobes lobe temporal médian medial temporal lobe Frank Arnould Scoville, W. B., & Milner, B. (1957). Loss of recent memory after bilateral hippocampal lesions. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 20(1), 11–21. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.20.1.11 2017-12-04 2022-03-08 L'exemple typique de ce syndrome amnésique est le cas H.M., largement décrit dans la littérature neuropsychologique. Suite à une résection bilatérale de l'hippocampe et du gyrus para-hippocampique pour soigner une épilepsie, H.M. présenta un syndrome amnésique pur, sans autres altérations cognitives. L'amnésie antérograde était massive, l'amnésie rétrograde apparaissant moins importante que dans le syndrome de Korsakoff. Ce syndrome peut avoir d'autres origines comme une encéphalite, une anoxie cérébrale, de lésions vasculaires, tumorales ou traumatiques. Dans ces cas, le syndrome amnésique n'est pas aussi pur que dans le cas H.M. The typical example of this amnestic syndrome is the H. M. case, widely described in the neuropsychological literature. Following bilateral resection of the hippocampus and para-hippocampal gyrus to treat epilepsy, H. M. presented a pure amnestic syndrome, with no other cognitive alterations. Anterograde amnesia was massive, with retrograde amnesia appearing to be less severe than in Korsakoff's syndrome. This syndrome can have other causes such as encephalitis, cerebral anoxia, vascular lesions, tumours or brain traumas. In these cases, the amnestic syndrome is not as pure as in the H. M. case. bi-hippocampal amnestic syndrome syndrome amnésique bi-hippocampique Frank Arnould Ali-Chérif, A. (1991). Les syndromes amnésiques. In Bruyer, R., Van der Linder, M. Neuropsychologie de la mémoire humaine. Presses universitaires de Grenoble. Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2003). Concepts et modèles en neuropsychologie de la mémoire. In Meulemans, T., Desgranges, B., Adam, S., Eustache, F. (eds.). Évaluation et prise en charge des troubles mnésiques. Solal. 2017-12-04 2022-03-08 A memory disorder with different etiologies, caused by brain damage, characterized by anterograde and retrograde amnesia. Other aspects of memory are preserved (implicit memory, procedural memory, short-term memory) as well as other cognitive functions. Trouble de la mémoire d'étiologie variée, d'évolution relativement stable, lié à des lésions cérébrales, qui se caractérise par une amnésie antérograde et une amnésie rétrograde. D'autres aspects de la mémoire sont préservés (mémoire implicite, mémoire procédurale, mémoire à court terme) ainsi que les autres fonctions cognitives. amnestic syndromes syndromes amnésiques amnestic syndrome syndrome amnésique Frank Arnould 2018-10-22 Ackil, J. K., & Zaragoza, M. S. (1998). Memorial consequences of forced confabulation : Age differences in susceptibility to false memories. Developmental Psychology, 34(6), 1358‑1372. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.34.6.1358 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 A false memory induction method. When participants do not have the necessary elements to answer questions about certain details of an event or about an entire event, they are forced to guess what happened. The tendency of these forced confabulations to integrate the subjects' memory of the event is the focus of analysis. Méthode d’étude des faux souvenirs induits. Quand les participants ne disposent pas des éléments nécessaires pour répondre à des questions portant sur des détails d’un évènement ou sur un évènement complet, ils sont forcés à deviner ce qu'il s’est passé. Les analyses portent ensuite sur la propension qu’ont ces confabulations forcées à intégrer la mémoire de l’évènement des sujets. forced confabulation ​paradigm paradigme de la confabulation forcée ​ Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Johnson, M. K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D. S. (1993). Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin, 114(1), 3–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.3 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Memory for the origin of information (where, who, when, how). Mémoire de l'origine des informations (où, qui, quand, comment). mémoire de la source source memory Criss, A. H. (2006). The consequences of differentiation in episodic memory : Similarity and the strength based mirror effect. Journal of Memory and Language, 55(4), 461‑478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2006.08.003 Criss, A. H., Malmberg, K. J., & Shiffrin, R. M. (2011). Output interference in recognition memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 64(4), 316–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2011.02.003 Ensor, T. M., Surprenant, A. M., & Neath, I. (2021). Modeling list-strength and spacing effects using version 3 of the retrieving effectively from memory (REM.3) model and its superimposition-of-similar-images assumption. Behavior Research Methods, 53(1), 4–21. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01324-z Ensor, T. M., Surprenant, A. M., & Neath, I. (2021). Modeling list-strength and spacing effects using version 3 of the retrieving effectively from memory (REM.3) model and its superimposition-of-similar-images assumption. Behavior Research Methods, 53(1), 4–21. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01324-z Malmberg, K. J., & Murnane, K. (2002). List composition and the word-frequency effect for recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(4), 616–630. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.28.4.616 Malmberg, K. J., & Shiffrin, R. M. (2005). The « one-shot » hypothesis for context storage. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 31(2), 322‑336. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.31.2.322 Malmberg, K. J., Steyvers, M., Stephens, J. D., & Shiffrin, R. M. (2002). Feature frequency effects in recognition memory. Memory & Cognition, 30(4), 607–613. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03194962 Osth, A. F., Fox, J., McKague, M., Heathcote, A., & Dennis, S. (2018). The list strength effect in source memory: Data and a global matching model. Journal of Memory and Language, 103, 91–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2018.08.002 Schooler, L. J., Shiffrin, R. M., & Raaijmakers, J. G. W. (2001). A Bayesian model for implicit effects in perceptual identification. Psychological Review, 108(1), 257‑272. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.108.1.257 Shiffrin, R. M., & Steyvers, M. (1997). A model for recognition memory: REM—retrieving effectively from memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 4(2), 145–166. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03209391 Starns, J. J., White, C. N., & Ratcliff, R. (2010). A direct test of the differentiation mechanism: REM, BCDMEM, and the strength-based mirror effect in recognition memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 63(1), 18–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2010.03.004 Verde, M. F. (2013). Retrieval-induced forgetting in recall: Competitor interference revisited. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(5), 1433–1448. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032975 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-22 Psychhologie Psychology Homme Human REM model modèle REM A computational model of recognition and recall in episodic memory. Memories are stored as feature vectors. Memory retrieval is conceived as a Bayesian decision process. Modèle computationnel de la reconnaissance et du rappel en mémoire épisodique. Les souvenirs sont stockés sous forme de vecteurs de traits. La récupération en mémoire est conçue comme un processus de décision bayésien. modèle de récupération efficace en mémoire retrieving effectively from memory model Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-09-05 stockage verbal verbal storage Generic term for the short- or long-term memory of verbal material. The term can also be used when non-verbal information (visual, auditory, tactile, etc.) is recoded in verbal memory. Terme générique pour identifier la mémoire, à court ou à long terme, d'un matériel verbal. Le terme peut aussi être utilisé quand des informations non verbales (visuelles, auditives, tactiles…) sont recodées en mémoire sous forme verbale. mémoire verbale verbal memory Frank Arnould Jansen, R. S., Lakens, D., & IJsselsteijn, W. A. (2017). An integrative review of the cognitive costs and benefits of note-taking. Educational Research Review, 22, 223–233. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2017.10.001 Kiewra, K. A. (1985). Investigating notetaking and review: A depth of processing alternative. Educational Psychologist, 20(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep2001_4 Lalchandani, L. A., & Healy, A. F. (2022). Elucidating the cognitive processes involved in the note‐taking effect. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(5), 1009–1021. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3985 Piolat, A., Olive, T., & Kellogg, R. T. (2005). Cognitive effort during note taking. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19(3), 291–312. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1086 Rickards, J. P., & Friedman, F. (1978). The encoding versus the external storage hypothesis in note taking. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 3(2), 136–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/0361-476X(78)90020-6 2021-09-13 2023-09-04 A strategy consisting of storing the elements that need to be remembered in external documents (paper or electronic media). Stratégie consistant à stocker dans documents externes (papier ou supports électroniques) les éléments dont il faut se souvenir. note taking notetaking prendre des notes prises de notes taking note taking notes note-taking prise de notes Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Brady, T., & Bainbridge, W. (Eds.). (2022). Visual memory. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Brockmole, J.R. (Ed.) (2009):The visual world in memory. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Generic term used for the encoding, storage and retrieval of visual information. Terme générique utilisé pour désigner le codage, le stockage et la récupération des informations visuelles. mémoire visuelle visual memory Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 free recall paradigm free recall test paradigme de rappel libre test de rappel libre A recall task in which the subject is required to retrieve items from memory without being constrained to reproduce the order in which they were presented, and thus deciding the output order by himself/herself. Tâche de rappel durant laquelle le sujet doit récupérer des éléments en mémoire sans être contraint de reproduire l’ordre dans lequel ils ont été présentés et donc en déterminant lui-même cet ordre. free recall free recall paradigms free recall tasks free recall tests free recalls paradigmes de rappel libre rappel libre rappels libres tests de rappel libre tâches de rappel libre free recall task tâche de rappel libre Frank Arnould Cleary, A. M., Otani, H., & Schwartz, B. L. (2019). Dependent measures in memory research: From free recall to recognition. In Handbook of research methods in human memory (pp. 19–35). Routledge. 2017-12-04 2022-05-02 mesure de rappel méthode de rappel paradigme de rappel recall measure recall method recall paradigm recall test test de rappel A task during which the subject is asked to retrieve, in their absence, elements stored in memory. Tâche durant laquelle le sujet doit récupérer, en leur absence, des éléments stockés en mémoire. mesures de rappel méthodes de rappel paradigmes de rappel rappel rappels recall recall measures recall paradigms recall tasks recall tests tests de rappel tâches de rappel recall task tâche de rappel Osth, A. F., & Farrell, S. (2018, August 2). Using response time distributions and race models to characterize primacy and recency effects in free recall initiation. https://osf.io/bkjqn Frank Arnould Glanzer, M., & Cunitz, A. R. (1966). Two storage mechanisms in free recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 5(4), 351‑360. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(66)80044-0 Murdock, B. B. Jr. (1962). The serial position effect of free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 64(5), 482–488. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045106 2017-12-04 Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] 2023-03-22 Distraction task between the end of the list and recall: the effect is suppressed Modalité de présentation : l’effet est accentué quand les items sont présentés auditivement par rapport à leur présentation visuelle Presentation modality: the effect is accentuated when items are acoustically presented compared to their visual presentation. Type de rappel : en rappel libre, l’effet de récence est plus important que l’effet de primauté Type of recall: in free recall, the recency effect is larger than the primacy effect. Tâche de distraction entre la fin de la liste et le rappel : élimine l’effet Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y law of recency loi de récence principe de récence principle of recency Better memory for the last items in a list. Meilleure mémoire pour les derniers items d'une liste. effet de récence recency effect Frank Arnould Hurlstone, M. J., Hitch, G. J., & Baddeley, A. D. (2014). Memory for serial order across domains: An overview of the literature and directions for future research. Psychological Bulletin, 140(2), 339–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034221 2017-12-04 2022-05-18 ordered recall task rappel sériel serial recall serial recall test test de rappel sériel tâche de rappel ordonné Dans un test de rappel sériel, le sujet doit rappeler les informations dans l'ordre de présentation de celles-ci pendant la phase d'étude. In a serial recall test, the subject is asked to recall the items in their order of presentation during the study phase. rappel ordonné serial recall tasks serial recall tests tests de rappel sériel tâches de rappel sériel serial recall task tâche de rappel sériel Frank Arnould Brainerd, C. J., Reyna, V. F., & Mojardin, A. H. (1999). Conjoint recognition. Psychological Review, 106(1), 160–179. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.106.1.160 Brainerd, C. J., Wright, R., Reyna, V. F., & Mojardin, A. H. (2001). Conjoint recognition and phantom recollection. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27(2), 307–327. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.27.2.307 2017-12-04 Brainerd, C. J., Bialer, D. M., & Chang, M. (2022). Fuzzy-trace theory and false memory : Meta-analysis of conjoint recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48, 1680‑1697. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001040 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Yu, J., Tao, Q., Zhang, R., Chan, C. C. H., & Lee, T. M. C. (2019). Can fMRI discriminate between deception and false memory? A meta-analytic comparison between deception and false memory studies. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 104, 43–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.06.027 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] 2023-03-28 conjoint recognition task reconnaissance conjointe tâche de reconnaissance conjointe Recognition task during which participants receive one of the following instructions: recognize items that were studied; recognize items that have not been studied, but are consistent with the general meaning of the stored material; recognize studied items and items that share the same general meaning. Paradigm used to analyze false memories like those produced in the DRM task. Épreuve de reconnaissance d'un matériel qui a été mémorisé au cours de laquelle les participants reçoivent l'une des instructions suivantes : reconnaitre les items qui ont été étudiés ; reconnaitre les items qui n'ont pas été étudiés mais cohérents avec le sens général du matériel mémorisé ; reconnaitre les items étudiés et les items qui partagent le même sens général.  Paradigme utilisé pour analyser les faux souvenirs, comme ceux produits dans la tâche DRM. reconnaissances conjointes conjoint recognition paradigm paradigme de reconnaissance conjointe Van Eersel, G., Verkoeijen, P., & Bouwmeester, S. (2017, March 14). Does retrieval practice depend on semantic cues? Assessing the fuzzy trace account of the testing effect. https://osf.io/nx3zm/ Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (1995). Fuzzy-trace theory: An interim synthesis. Learning and Individual Differences, 7(1), 1–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/1041-6080(95)90031-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2001). Fuzzy-trace theory: Dual account in memory, reasoning, and cognitive neuroscience. Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 28, 41–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2407(02)80062-3 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Brainerd, C., & Reyna, V. (2004). Fuzzy-trace theory and memory development. Developmental Review, 24(4), 396–439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2004.08.005 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2019). Fuzzy-trace theory, false memory, and the law. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 6(1), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732218797143 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Helm, R. K., & Reyna, V. F. (2023). Fuzzy trace theory: Memory and decision-making in law, medicine, and public health. In R. H. Logie, Z. Wen, S. E. Gathercole, N. Cowan, & R. W. Engle (Eds.), Memory in science for society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 93–122). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Patrice Terrier FTT Theory postulating that information is stored in parallel under two types of traces: verbatim traces representing the surface details of the stimuli and gist traces representing the general and thematic meaning of the stimuli. Théorie selon laquelle les informations sont stockées en parallèle sous deux types de traces : des traces littérales, représentant les détails de surface des stimuli (verbatim traces) et des traces représentant le sens général, le thème des stimuli (gist traces). Fuzzy Trace Theory is based on several principles, which are as follows in the case of false memories (Brainerd & Reyna, 2019, p. 80): “Verbatim and gist: Subjects process the surface form and meaning of events, storing separate traces of each. Dissociated retrieval: Recountings are based on the retrieval of both verbatim and gist traces. Some cues favor verbatim retrieval; others favor gist retrieval. Opponent processes: Verbatim and gist retrieval both support true memory. Gist retrieval supports ‘false’ memories of meaning-consistent events, whereas verbatim retrieval suppresses false memories. Development: Memory for the verbatim form and semantic content of experience both improve during development. Gist improvements are more protracted with age than verbatim improvements. Individual differences: Some individuals are more susceptible to false memory, such as individuals with poor verbatim memories or who preferentially retrieve gist. Phantom recollection: Verbatim and gist retrieval can both produce vivid, realistic recollections that are difficult to distinguish.” La théorie de la trace floue repose sur plusieurs principes, qui sont les suivants dans le cas des faux souvenirs (Brainerd et Reyna, 2019, p. 80) : « Littéral et sens général : Les sujets traitent la forme de surface et le sens général des événements, en stockant des traces séparées de chacun. Récupération dissociée : Les récits sont basés sur la récupération des traces littérales et du sens général. Certains indices favorisent la récupération du littéral, d’autres la récupération du sens général. Processus opposés : La récupération du littéral et du sens général est à l’origine des souvenirs vrais. La récupération du sens principal favorise les "faux" souvenirs d’événements ayant une signification cohérente, tandis que la récupération du littéral supprime les faux souvenirs. Développement : La mémoire de la forme littérale et du contenu sémantique de l’expérience s’améliore au cours du développement. Les améliorations du sens général se prolongent plus avec l’âge que les améliorations du littéral. Différences individuelles : Certains individus sont plus sensibles aux faux souvenirs, comme ceux qui ont une mauvaise mémoire de la forme de surface des événements ou ceux qui récupèrent de préférence le sens général. Souvenirs fantômes : La récupération du littéral et celle du sens général peuvent toutes deux produire des souvenirs vivaces et réalistes qui sont difficiles à distinguer. » fuzzy trace theory théorie de la trace floue Bücken, C. A., & Otgaar, H. (2020, June 23). lying and DRM type false memories (DRM Videos). https://osf.io/4s37n/ Calado, B., Otgaar, H., & Muris, P. (2018, September 27). Are Children Better Witnesses than Adolescents? Developmental Trends in Different False Memory Paradigms. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/6EMH2 Crozier, W. E., & Strange, D. (2018, May 22). Associations with Guilty using the DRM Paradigm. https://osf.io/b7wux/ DRM CIF norms. (2019). OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/HSDRQ Dechterenko, F., Lukavsky, J., & Štipl, J. (2020, September 25). False memories for scenes using DRM paradigm. https://osf.io/sqjbn/ Dewhurst, S. (2009, janvier 27). Identifying the origin of false memories : A comparison of DRM and categorised lists. [Data Collection]. Economic and Social Research Council. doi:10.5255/UKDA-SN-850078 Friehs, M. A. (2021, May 6). DRM tDCS. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/X5QAS Geiger, S. J., Haaf, J. M., Rieble, C., Haas, H., Rameckers, S., Gavan, L., & Aust, F. (2019, November 29). A Bayesian Meta-Analysis on Developmental Effects in the DRM Paradigm. https://osf.io/62nfg/ Houben, S. T. L., Otgaar, H., Roelofs, J., Smeets, T., & Merckelbach, H. (2020). Increases of correct memories and spontaneous false memories due to eye movements when memories are retrieved after a time delay [Data set]. DataverseNL. doi:10.34894/FPWRLZ Houben, S., & Otgaar, H. (2019, October 8). False memory effects of EMDR. https://osf.io/gx7te/ Huff, M. J., & Maxwell, N. P. (2021, July 19). Drawing Individual Images Benefits Recognition Accuracy in the DRM Paradigm. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/R4YH9 Icoez, S. (2021, March 31). Working memory capacity and False Memories in the DRM-Paradigm. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/4ETFW Kloft, L., & Otgaar, H. (2020, January 22). Hazy memories: Cannabis increases susceptibility to false memory. https://osf.io/k5v8c/ Pansuwan, T., Swanson, L., & Morcom, A. (2019, March 15). Associative and Perceptual False Memory in Ageing. https://osf.io/45w3t/ Riesthuis, P., Otgaar, H., & Mangiulli, I. (2021, April 28). The Impact of Forced Confabulation on Spontaneous False Memory Formation. https://osf.io/y587d/ Robin, F., Menetrier, E., & Beffara Bret, B. (2021, June 11). Effect of visual imagery on false memories in DRM and Misinformation paradigmshttps://osf.io/zsh3b/ Schopen, K., Otgaar, H., & Howe, M. L. (2021, January 19). The Effects of Warning on Children’s and Adults’ False Memory Creation. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/WBCZQ Self referencing and false memory exp 2b. (2020). OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/5JG6B Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Zeelenberg, R., Dijkstra, K., & Paolacci, G. (2017, July 26). Does Repeated Participation Affect Effect Size? An Analysis of 9 Cognitive Psychological Experiments. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/GHV6M van Rijn, E., Cox, E., Carter, N., McMurtrie, H., Willner, P., & Blagrove, M. T. (2015). Sleep Does Not Cause False Memories on the Deese-Roediger-McDermott Paradigm nor on a Story-Based Test of Suggestibility [Data set]. Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.23012 Frank Arnould Pardilla-Delgado, E., & Payne, J. D. (2017). The Deese-Roediger-Mcdermott (DRM) task : A simple cognitive paradigm to investigate false memories in the laboratory. JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments), 119, e54793. https://doi.org/10.3791/54793 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2017-12-04 Chang, M., & Brainerd, C. J. (2021). Semantic and phonological false memory: A review of theory and data. Journal of Memory and Language, 119, 104210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104210 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Coane, J. H., McBride, D. M., Huff, M. J., Chang, K., Marsh, E. M., & Smith, K. A. (2021). Manipulations of list type in the DRM paradigm : A review of how structural and conceptual similarity affect false memory. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.668550 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Coburn, P. I., Dogra, K. K., Rai, I. K., & Bernstein, D. M. (2021). The trajectory of targets and critical lures in the Deese/Roediger–Mcdermott paradigm: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.718818 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Deese, J. (1959). On the prediction of occurence of particular verbal intrusions in immediate recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58(1), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046671 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Gallo, D. A. (2006). Associative illusions of memory: false memory research in DRM and related tasks. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Huff, M. J., Bodner, G. E., & Fawcett, J. M. (2015). Effects of distinctive encoding on correct and false memory:A meta-analytic review of costs and benefits and their origins in the DRM paradigm. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 22(2), 349‑365. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-014-0648-8 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] Langevin, S., Sauzéon, H., Taconnat, L., & N’Kaoua, B. (2009). Les fausses reconnaissances induites par les paradigmes DRM, MI et tâches dérivées. L’Année Psychologique, 109(4), 699‑729. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503309004059 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Roediger, H. L., & McDermott, K. B. (1995). Creating false memories: Remembering words not presented in lists. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21(4), 803–814. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.21.4.803 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] 2023-04-18 Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y DRM experiment DRM false memory paradigm DRM procedure DRM study DRM task DRM test Deese paradigm Deese-Roediger-McDermott false memory paradigm Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm expérience DRM paradigme de Deese paradigme de Deese-Roediger-McDermott procédure DRM test DRM tâche DRM Développé par Deese (1959) et popularisé par Roediger et McDermott (1995), le paradigme DRM (pour Deese-Roediger-McDermott) consiste à demander aux sujets d'étudier des listes des mots conçues chacune de la manière suivante. Chacun des mots d'une liste (repos, sieste, lit...) est associé à un autre mot, appelé leurre critique qui n'est pas présenté (sommeil). Les résultats montrent que les sujets peuvent rappeler ou reconnaître de façon erronée et à des taux élevés, les leurres critiques en raison des liens sémantiques qu'ils partagent avec les mots étudiés. Des versions modifiées du paradigme DRM reposent sur des associations phonologiques. The DRM paradigm (for Deese-Roediger-McDermott) was developed by Deese (1959) and popularized by Roediger & McDermott (1995) and consists of asking subjects to study lists of words each designed as follows. Each word in a list (rest, nap, bed, etc.) is associated with another word, named the critical lure that is not presented (sleep). Results show that subjects can recall or recognize the critical lures erroneously and at high rates because of the semantic/thematic connections they share with the studied words. Modified versions of the DRM paradigm are based on phonological associations. DRM associate list DRM associate lists DRM associative structure DRM associative structures DRM experiments DRM list DRM lists DRM lure DRM lures DRM material DRM materials DRM paradigms DRM procedures DRM stimuli DRM studies DRM tasks DRM tests DRM theme DRM themes DRM word list DRM word lists expériences DRM leurre DRM leurres DRM liste DRM listes DRM paradigmes DRM procédures DRM tests DRM tâches DRM DRM paradigm paradigme DRM Frank Arnould Blondelle, G., Hainselin, M., Gounden, Y., & Quaglino, V. (2020). Instruments measuring prospective memory: A systematic and meta-analytic review. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 35(5), 576–596. https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa009 Bouëdec, B. L., & Germain, B. D. (1997). La mémoire prospective ou se souvenir des actions futures. L’Année Psychologique, 97(3), 519-544. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1997.28973 Cohen, A.-L., & Hicks, J. L. (2017). Prospective memory: Remembering to remember, remembering to forget. Springer. Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (2005). Prospective memory: Multiple retrieval processes. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(6), 286–290. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00382.x Grünbaum, T., & Kyllingsbæk, S. (2020). Is remembering to do a special kind of memory? Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 11(2), 385‑404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-020-00479-5 Guynn, M. J., Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (2019). Methods of studying prospective memory. In H. Otani & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in human memory (p. 284‑312). Routledge. Kliegel, M., McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (Eds.). (2012). Prospective memory: Cognitive, neuroscience, developmental, and applied perspectives. Psychology Press. Lecouvey, G., Gonneaud, J., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2015). Les grandes théories de la mémoire prospective: Vers une vision dynamique des processus cognitifs engagés lors du rappel programmé d’intentions. Revue de neuropsychologie, 7(3), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.073.0207 Lecouvey, G., Gonneaud, J., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2015). Les processus cognitifs de la mémoire prospective. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 7(3), 199‑206. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.073.0199 McBride, D. M., & Workman, R. A. (2017). Is prospective memory unique? A comparison of prospective and retrospective memory. In B. H. Ross (Éd.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 67, p. 213‑238). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.plm.2017.03.007 McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2000). Strategic and automatic processes in prospective memory retrieval : A multiprocess framework. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14(7), S127‑S144. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.775 Meacham, J. & B.Leiman. (1975). Remembering to perform future actions. American Psychological Association Conference, Chicago. Meacham, J., & Singer, J. (1977). Incentive effects in prospective remembering. Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 97, 191‑197. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1977.9923962 Perdue, B. M., Evans, T. A., Williamson, R. A., Gonsiorowski, A., & Beran, M. J. (2014). Prospective memory in children and chimpanzees. Animal Cognition, 17(2), 287–295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-013-0661-8 Rouleau, I., Lajeunesse, A., Drolet, V., Potvin, M.-J., Marcone, S., Lecomte, S., Imbeault, H., Limoges, F., Labelle, V., Gagnon, J.-F., & Joubert, S. (2016). L’évaluation clinique de la mémoire prospective dans le MCI. NPG Neurologie - Psychiatrie - Gériatrie, 16(93), 152‑158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npg.2015.07.010 Rummel, J., & Kvavilashvili, L. (2023). Current theories of prospective memory and new directions for theory development. Nature Reviews Psychology, 2, 40–54. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44159-022-00121-4 Rummel, J., & McDaniel M.A. (Eds.) (2019). Prospective memory. Routledge. Wilson, A. G., & Crystal, J. D. (2012). Prospective memory in the rat. Animal Cognition, 15(3), 349–358. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-011-0459-5 2017-12-04 2023-03-20 Geoffrey Blondelle Mathieu Hainselin delayed intention intention différée memory for intention memory for planned intention mémoire des intentions mémoire des intentions planifiées prospective remembering realization of delayed intentions remembering to recall remembering to remember réalisation d'intentions différées Memory of delayed intentions, such as remembering an appointment next Monday at 5 p.m., comprising a retrospective component (i.e. remembering what is to be done and when) and a prospective component (i.e. remembering that something is to be done). Prospective memory thus integrates memory and executive processes (planning, monitoring, etc.). Mémoire des intentions différées, comme se souvenir d'un rendez-vous lundi prochain à 17h, comprenant une composante rétrospective (c’est-à-dire, se souvenir de ce qui doit être fait et quand) et d’une composante prospective (c’est-à-dire, se souvenir que quelque chose doit être fait). La mémoire prospective intègre donc des processus mnésiques et exécutifs (planification, monitoring, etc.). delayed intentions intentions différées memory for intentions mémoire prospective prospective memory Frank Arnould Kim, H. (2011). Neural activity that predicts subsequent memory and forgetting: A meta-analysis of 74 fMRI studies. NeuroImage, 54(3), 2446-2461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.045 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 Greater activation in a region of the brain during the encoding of a stimulus that is later remembered. Plus grande activation d'une région cérébrale pendant l'encodage d'un stimulus qui sera ensuite remémoré. effet de la mémoire subséquente positif positive subsequent memory effect Frank Arnould Kim, H. (2011). Neural activity that predicts subsequent memory and forgetting: A meta-analysis of 74 fMRI studies. NeuroImage, 54(3), 2446-2461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.045 Otten, L. J., & Rugg, M. D. (2001). When more means less: neural activity related to unsuccessful memory encoding. Current Biology, 11(19), 1528–1530. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00454-7 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 effet de l'oubli subséquent effet de la mémoire subséquente inversé nSM reversed subsequent memory effect subsequent forgetting effect Greater activation in a region of the brain during the encoding of a stimulus that is later forgotten (and lower activation in a region of the brain during the encoding of a stimulus that is later remembered). Plus grande activation d'une région cérébrale quand est encodé un stimulus qui sera ensuite oublié (et plus faible activation d'une région durant l'encodage d'un stimulus qui sera ensuite remémoré). effet de la mémoire subséquente négatif negative subsequent memory effect Frank Arnould Martín‐Luengo, B., Zinchenko, O., Dolgoarshinnaia, A., & Leminen, A. (2021). Retrospective confidence judgments : Meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. Human Brain Mapping, 42(10), 3005‑3022. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25397 Morgan, G., Kornell, N., Kornblum, T., & Terrace, H. S. (2014). Retrospective and prospective metacognitive judgments in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Animal Cognition, 17(2), 249–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-013-0657-4 2018-11-06 2022-04-01 jugement de confiance rétrospectif retrospective confidence judgment Confiance portant sur une réponse passée. Confidence in a past response. jugements de confiance rétrospectif retrospective confidence judgments confiance rétrospective retrospective confidence Frank Arnould 2018-08-03 2022-03-30 cortex frontal frontal cortex frontal region région frontale Lobe located at the front of the cerebrum. Lobe situé à l'avant du cerveau. frontal lobes frontal regions lobes frontaux régions frontales frontal lobe lobe frontal Frank Arnould 2020-02-10 2023-03-20 cortex pariétal parietal cortex parietal region parietal site région pariétale Lobe du cerveau situé à l’arrière du lobe frontal et au-dessus du lobe temporal. Lobe of the brain located behind the frontal lobe and above the temporal lobe. lobes pariétaux parietal lobes régions pariétales lobe pariétal parietal lobe Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Muschalla, B., & Schönborn, F. (2021). Induction of false beliefs and false memories in laboratory studies – A systematic review. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 28(5), 1194-1209. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2567 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-03-23 fausse croyance induite induced false belief An erroneous belief that one has experienced an event in the past, unaccompanied by a detailed memory. Croyance erronée d’avoir vécu un événement dans le passé, non accompagnée d’un souvenir détaillé. false autobiographical beliefs fausses croyances autobiographiques fausses croyances induites induced false beliefs false autobiographical belief fausse croyance autobiographique Frank Arnould Clark, H. H., & Chase, W. G. (1972). On the process of comparing sentences against pictures. Cognitive Psychology, 3(3), 472–517. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(72)90019-9 2017-12-04 2022-03-31 category verification task Method for studying semantic memory. Subjects are asked to judge whether sentences presented to them are true or false. Méthode d'étude de la mémoire sémantique. Les sujets doivent juger si les phrases qui leur sont présentées sont vraies ou fausses. sentence verification task tâche de vérification de phrases Frank Arnould Maquestiaux, F. (2017). Psychologie de l’attention (2ᵉ éd.). De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Paulhan, F. (1887). La simultanéité des actes psychiques. Revue scientifique, 13, 684-689. http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k215108b/f687.image 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 concurrent task dual task method méthode de la double tâche tâche concurrente An experimental paradigm during which the subject performs two tasks simultaneously. Especially used as a method for studying the central executive of working memory. Paradigme expérimental consistant à demander au sujet de réaliser simultanément deux tâches. Utilisé notamment comme méthode d'étude de l'administrateur central de la mémoire de travail. concurrent tasks double tâche dual task paradigms dual-task paradigme des doubles tâches tâche double tâches concurrentes dual task paradigm paradigme de la double tâche Frank Arnould Barrouillet, P., Gorin, S., & Camos, V. (2021). Simple spans underestimate verbal working memory capacity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 150(4), 633–665. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000957 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 digit span task digit span test test d'empan de chiffres test d'empan de mots test d'empan verbal tâche d'empan de chiffres tâche d'empan de mots verbal span test word span task word span test In verbal span tasks, subjects are presented with increasing lists of digits, letters, or words that they are asked to remember in the order in which they were presented. The span is the maximum number of items that subjects can immediately recall. Les tâches d'empan verbal consistent à présenter des listes croissantes de chiffres, de lettres ou de mots que le sujet doit rappeler dans l'ordre de présentation. L'empan est le nombre maximum d'éléments que le sujet peut rappeler immédiatement. digit span tasks digit span tests tests d'empan de chiffres tests d'empan de mots tests d'empan verbal tâches d'empan de chiffres tâches d'empan de mots tâches d'empan verbal verbal span tasks verbal span tests word span tasks word span tests tâche d'empan verbal verbal span task Frank Arnould Colle, H. A., & Welsh, A. (1976). Acoustic masking in primary memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 15(1), 17-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(76)90003-7 Neath, I. (2000). Modeling the effects of irrelevant speech on memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 7(3), 403–423. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03214356 Salamé, P., & Baddeley, A. (1982). Disruption of short-term memory by unattended speech: Implications for the structure of working memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 21(2), 150-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(82)90521-7 Salamé, P., & Baddeley, A. (1986). Phonological factors in STM: Similarity and the unattended speech effect. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 24(4), 263–265. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03330135 Salamé, P., & Baddeley, A. (1987). Noise, unattended speech and short-term memory. Ergonomics, 30(8), 1185-1194. https://doi.org/10.1080/0014013870896600 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 effet de parole interférant effet de parole à négliger effet du discours non attendu effet du discours non écouté unattended speech effect Perturbation de la mémoire verbale à court terme quand la tâche de mémoire s'est effectuée alors que le sujet entendait des sons de parole qu'on lui demandait d'ignorer. The disturbance of verbal short-term memory when the memory task was performed while the subject heard speech sounds that he or she was asked to ignore. effet de parole non pertinente irrelevant speech effect Frank Arnould Jones, D., & J. Macken, W. (1993). Irrelevant tones produce an irrelevant speech effect: Implications for phonological coding in working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19, 369–381. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.19.2.369 Jones, D., Madden, C., & Miles, C. (1992). Privileged access by irrelevant speech to short-term memory: The role of changing state. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 44(4), 645–669. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640749208401304 2018-03-21 2021-10-08 The immediate serial recall of a sequence of items is disturbed when a sound that the subject has to ignore is unstable (for example, a sequence of different letters as compared to the repetition of the same letter or sounds with different frequencies compared to sounds of the same frequency). ​Le rappel sériel immédiat d'une séquence d'items est perturbé quand un son que le sujet doit ignorer est instable (par exemple, une suite de lettres différentes par rapport à la répétition de la même lettre ou encore des sons qui changent de fréquence par rapport à des sons de même fréquence). changing-state effect effet d'instabilité Frank Arnould Hughes, R., Vachon, F., & Jones, D. (2007). Disruption of short-term memory by changing and deviant sounds: Support for a duplex-mechanism account of auditory distraction. Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition, 33, 1050–1061. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.33.6.1050 ​ Lange, E. B. (2005). Disruption of attention by irrelevant stimuli in serial recall. Journal of Memory and Language, 53(4), 513–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2005.07.002 ​ 2018-09-12 2023-04-03 Perturbation de la mémoire à court terme verbale quand la tâche de mémoire s'est effectuée alors que le sujet entendait une séquence de sons qu'il devait ignorer et dont l'un des sons différait des autres de manière inattendue. The disruption of short-term verbal memory when the memory task was performed while the subject was hearing a sequence of sounds that he or she should ignore and one of which differed unexpectedly from the others. auditory deviant effect ​ effet du déviant auditif ​ Sasin, E. (2020, May 20). Memory-driven capture is at the level of features not objects. https://osf.io/faecw Sasin, E. (2021, July 11). Training modulates memory-driven capture. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/PVUR8 Frank Arnould Olivers, C. (2009). What drives memory-driven attentional capture? The effects of memory type, display type, and search type. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 35, 1275–1291. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013896 Sasin, E., & Fougnie, D. (2020). Memory-driven capture occurs for individual features of an object. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 19499. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76431-5 2020-11-23 2023-09-04 memory-driven capture “lorsque les participants effectuent une recherche visuelle tout en gardant d’autres informations en mémoire, les distracteurs qui correspondent au contenu de la mémoire captent automatiquement l’attention visuelle et perturbent la recherche.” (Sasin & Fougnie, 2020). “when participants are searching a display while holding other information in memory, distractors that match the contents of memory automatically capture visual attention and disrupt search.” (Sasin & Fougnie, 2020). capture attentionnelle mnésique memory-driven attentional capture Frank Arnould Maurer, D., Grand, R. L., & Mondloch, C. J. (2002). The many faces of configural processing. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(6), 255-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01903-4 Tanaka, J. W., & Simonyi, D. (2016). The “parts and wholes” of face recognition: A review of the literature. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69(10), 1876–1889. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2016.1146780 2017-12-04 2022-07-26 Mode de traitement des informations utilisé dans la perception et la reconnaissance expertes d'objets, reposant sur la configuration globale du stimulus pris comme un tout indivisible. Mode of information processing involved in expert perception and recognition of objects such as faces, based on the global configuration of a stimulus as an indivisible whole. holistic processing traitement holistique Frank Arnould Maurer, D., Grand, R. L., & Mondloch, C. J. (2002). The many faces of configural processing. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(6), 255-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01903-4 2017-12-04 2022-04-07 sensibilité aux relations de second ordre sensitivity of second-order relations Mode de traitement des informations utilisé dans la perception et la reconnaissance des visages, reposant sur les distances entre les traits du visages. Mode of information processing involved in face perception and recognition, based on the distances between face features. second-order relational processing traitement des relations de second ordre Frank Arnould Bonin, P., & Bugaiska, A. (2014). « Survivre pour se souvenir ». Une approche novatrice de la mémoire humaine : la mémoire adaptative. L’Année Psychologique, 114(3), 571–610. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503314003066 Nairne, J. S. (2010). Adaptive memory: Evolutionary constraints on remembering. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 53, p. 1–32). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(10)53001-9 Nairne, J. S., Pandeirada, J. N. S., & Fernandes, N. L. (2017). Adaptive Memory. In J. H. Byrne (Ed.), Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference (Second Edition) (p. 279–293). Oxford: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21060-2 Schwartz, B. L., Howe, M. L., Toglia, M. P., & Otgaar, H. (Eds.). (2013). What Is Adaptive about Adaptive Memory? Oxford University Press. 2017-12-04 2021-09-22 Notion faisant référence au fait que la mémoire a pour fonction de résoudre des problèmes adaptatifs, c'est-à-dire d'améliorer la survie et la reproduction (fitness). Term referring to the fact that the function of memory is to solve adaptive problems, and thus, to improve survival and reproduction (fitness). adaptive memory mémoire adaptative Kelly, M. O., & Lab, C. (2021, September 17). Serial Position: Isolation effects. https://osf.io/e5wrh Röhrle, I., Grinschgl, S., Papenmeier, F., & Meyerhoff, H. S. (2021, March 23). Cognitive Offloading Long-Term Memory. https://osf.io/ke9dj Frank Arnould Clark, A., & Chalmers, D. (1998). The extended mind. Analysis, 58(1), 7‑19. https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/58.1.7 Eskritt, M., & Ma, S. (2014). Intentional forgetting : Note-taking as a naturalistic example. Memory & Cognition, 42(2), 237‑246. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-013-0362-1 Kelly, M. O., & Risko, E. F. (2019). Offloading memory : Serial position effects. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(4), 1347‑1353. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01615-8 Kelly, M. O., & Risko, E. F. (2019). The isolation effect when offloading memory. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 8(4), 471‑480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2019.10.001 Kelly, M. O., & Risko, E. F. (2022). Revisiting the influence of offloading memory on free recall. Memory & Cognition, 50(4), 710–721. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-021-01237-3 Lu, X., Kelly, M. O., & Risko, E. F. (2020). Offloading information to an external store increases false recall. Cognition, 104428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104428 Morrison, A. B., & Richmond, L. L. (2020). Offloading items from memory: Individual differences in cognitive offloading in a short-term memory task. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 5(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-019-0201-4 Risko, E. F., & Gilbert, S. J. (2016). Cognitive offloading. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 20(9), 676‑688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2016.07.002 Risko, E. F., Kelly, M. O., Patel, P., & Gaspar, C. (2019). Offloading memory leaves us vulnerable to memory manipulation. Cognition, 191, 103954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2019.04.023 Sparrow, B., Liu, J., & Wegner, D. M. (2011). Google effects on memory : Cognitive consequences of having information at our fingertips. Science, 333(6043), 776‑778. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1207745 2020-09-15 2023-09-04 déchargement cognitif "The use of physical action to alter the information processing requirements of a task so as to reduce cognitive demand" (Risko & Gilbert, 2016). « Utilisation d'une action physique pour modifier les exigences de traitement de l'information d'une tâche afin de réduire la sollicitation cognitive » (Risko & Gilbert, 2016). An example of cognitive offloading in memory is the use of an external storage system to offload the to-be-remembered information. Un exemple de délestage cognitif en mémoire est l’utilisation d'un système de stockage externe pour délester les informations dont il faut se souvenir. cognitive offloading délestage cognitif Abel, M. (2021, June 8). List-method directed forgetting: Do critical findings generalize from short to long retention interval? https://osf.io/c4ap5 Frank Arnould Corenblum, B., & Goernert, P. N. (in press). Directed forgetting of emotionally toned items and mental health: A meta-analytic review. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2185930 Delaney, P. F., Barden, E. P., Smith, W. G., & Wisco, B. E. (2020). What can directed forgetting tell us about clinical populations? Clinical Psychology Review, 82, 101926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101926 Epstein, W. (1972). Mechanisms of directed forgetting. In Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 6, pp. 147–191). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60386-2 MacLeod, C. M. (1998). Directed forgetting. In J. M. Golding, C. M. MacLeod, J. M. (Ed) Golding, & C. M. (Ed.), Intentional forgetting:  Interdisciplinary approaches. (p. 1-57). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Macleod, C. M. (1999). The item and list methods of directed forgetting : Test differences and the role of demand characteristics. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 6(1), 123‑129. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03210819 Titz, C., & Verhaeghen, P. (2010). Aging and directed forgetting in episodic memory : A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 25(2), 405‑411. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017225 2017-12-04 2023-04-12 Psychologie Psychology Age: larger directed forgetting in young adults compared to older adults (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010). Nombre d'items : oubli dirigé plus important avec des listes d'items courtes (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010). Number of items: larger directed forgetting with short lists (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010). Presentation time: larger directed forgetting with longer presentation time per item (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010). Rehearsal time: larger directed forgetting with longer rehearsal times (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010). Temps de présentation : oubli dirigé plus important quand le temps de présentation des items est long (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010). Temps de répétition : oubli dirigé plus important quand les temps de répétition sont longs (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010). Type d'items : oubli dirigé plus important pour des mots uniques que pour des expressions verbales d'action (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010). Type de méthode : oubli dirigé plus important en méthode item qu'en méthode liste (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010). Type de test : pas d'effet d'oubli dirigé en méthode liste dans un test de reconnaissance, seulement dans un test de rappel libre. L'effet est présent aussi bien en reconnaissance qu'en rappel libre en méthode item (MacLeod, 1999). Type of items: larger directed forgetting for single words compared to verbal action phrases (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010). Type of method: larger directed forgetting with item method compared to list method (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010). Type of test: no directed forgetting with the list method in a recognition test, only in a free recall test. The effect is present in both recognition and free recall with the item method (MacLeod, 1999). Âge : oubli dirigé plus important chez les adultes jeunes que chez les adultes âgés (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010). Homme Human Forme d’oubli motivé se manifestant par une moins bonne mémoire pour les items que les sujets ont précédemment été invités à oublier (comparativement à une consigne où il leur a été demandé de s'en souvenir). Type of motivated forgetting characterized by a poorer memory of items that subjects have previously been asked to forget (compared to the instruction to remember). directed-forgetting directed forgetting oubli dirigé Frank Arnould Bjork, E. L., & Bjork, R. (2011). Making things hard on yourself, but in a good way: Creating desirable difficulties to enhance learning. In M. A. Gernsbacher, R. . Pew, L. M. Hough, & J. R. Pomerantz (Eds.), Psychology and the real world: Essays illustrating fundamentals contributions to society (p. 56-64). Worth Publishers. Bjork, R. A. (1994). Memory and metamemory considerations in the training of human beings. In J. Metcalfe & A. P. Shimamura (Eds.), Metacognition: Knowing about Knowing (p. 185-205). MIT Press. Bjork, R. A., & Bjork, E. L. (2020). Desirable difficulties in theory and practice. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 9(4), 475–479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2020.09.003 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 In certain conditions, making the encoding of information more difficult (e.g. spacing the repetition of items) promotes long-term retention. Principe selon lequel certaines conditions rendant l'encodage des informations plus difficile (par exemple, espacer les répétitions d'items) favorisent la rétention à long terme. desirable difficulties desirable difficulty difficulté désirable difficultés désirables principe des difficultés désirables principle of desirable difficulties Frank Arnould Chen, O., Paas, F., & Sweller, J. (2021). Spacing and interleaving effects require distinct theoretical bases: A systematic review testing the cognitive load and discriminative-contrast hypotheses. Educational Psychology Review, 33(4), 1499–1522. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09613-w Kurtz, K. H., & Hovland, C. I. (1956). Concept learning with differing sequences of instances. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 51(4), 239–243. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040295 Taylor, K., & Rohrer, D. (2010). The effects of interleaved practice. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24(6), 837–848. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1598 Yan, V. X., & Sana, F. (2021). The robustness of the interleaving benefit. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 10(4), 589–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2021.05.002 2021-09-14 2023-09-04 interleaving Learning strategy consisting of alternating tasks or concepts to be acquired. Stratégie d’apprentissage consistant à alterner les tâches ou concepts à acquérir. apprentissages intercalés apprentissage intercalé interleaving learning Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Aschermann, E., Mantwill, M., & Köhnken, G. (1991). An independent replication of the effectiveness of the cognitive interview. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 5(6), 489‑495. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350050604 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed] Ashkenazi, T., & Fisher, R. P. (2022). Field test of the cognitive interview to enhance eyewitness and victim memory, in intelligence investigations of terrorist attacks. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 11(2), 200–208. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0101871 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Brunel, M., & Py, J. (2013). Questioning the acceptability of the Cognitive Interview to improve its use. L’Année Psychologique, 113(3), 427‑458. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503313003059 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Brunel, M., Launay, C., Hermant, M., & Py, J. (2022). Perception of acceptability and usability of a modified cognitive interview in the evaluation of police training in France. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 37(1), 38–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-020-09416-9 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Geiselman, R. E., Fisher, R. P., Firstenberg, I., Hutton, L. A., Sullivan, S. J., Avetissan, I. V., & Prosk, A. L. (1984). Enhancement of eyewitness memory : An empirical evaluation of the cognitive interview. Journal of Police Science and Administration, 12(1), 74‑80. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Ginet, M. (2003). Les clés de l’entretien avec le témoin ou la victime. La Documentation Française. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Ginet, M., Brunel, M., Verkampt, F., Désert, M., Colomb, C., & Jund, R. (2014). L’Entretien Cognitif reste-t-il efficace pour aider de très jeunes enfants issus de milieux défavorisés à témoigner d’un événement visuel ? L'Année Psychologique, 114(2), 289–313. https://doi.org/10.3917/anpsy.142.0289 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Ginet, M., Dodier, O., Bardin, B., Désert, M., Greffeuille, C., & Verkampt, F. (2018). Perspective effects on recall in a testimony paradigm. Journal of General Psychology, 145(4), 313–341. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2018.1494126 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Hurtubise, M.-A., & Viau-Quesnel, C. (2020). Améliorer le rappel des individus âgés de 60 ans et plus à l’aide de l’entretien cognitif: Une revue et méta-analyse. Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement, 39(3), 348–364. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980819000424 [Document type: literature review, meta-analysis / Access: open] Memon, A., Meissner, C. A., & Fraser, J. (2010). The Cognitive Interview : A meta-analytic review and study space analysis of the past 25 years. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 16(4), 340‑372. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020518 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Paulo, R. M., Albuquerque, P. B., & Bull, R. (2016). The enhanced cognitive interview: Expressions of uncertainty, motivation and its relation with report accuracy. Psychology, Crime & Law, 22(4), 366–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2015.1109089 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Py, J., Ginet, M., Desperies, C., & Cathey, C. (1997). Cognitive encoding and cognitive interviewing in eyewitness testimony. Swiss Journal of Psychology/Schweizerische Zeitschrift Für Psychologie/Revue Suisse de Psychologie, 56, 33–41. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Py, J., & Demarchi, S. (2006). L’entretien cognitif : Son efficacité, son application et ses spécificités. Revue Québecoise de Psychologie, 27(3), 177‑196. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Verkampt, F., & Ginet, M. (2010). Variations of the cognitive interview: Which one is the most effective in enhancing children’s testimonies? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24(9), 1279–1296. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1631 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Verkampt, F., Ginet, M., & Colomb, C. (2014). The influence of social instructions on the effectiveness of a cognitive interview used with very young child witnesses. European Review of Applied Psychology, 64(6), 323–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2014.09.003 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] van Can, S., Dodier, O., Otgaar, H., & Verkampt, F. (2016). The benefits of multiple recollection strategies on adolescents’ testimonies: Quality versus within-statement consistency? Journal of Forensic Practice, 18(2), 118–130. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFP-01-2015-0007 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-07-25 Enhanced Cognitive Interview cognitive interviewing Interview protocol to collect the testimony of cooperative eyewitnesses and victims based on the use of mnemonic aids and social communication techniques. Protocole d'entretien pour recueillir la parole de témoins oculaires et de victimes coopératifs reposant sur l’utilisation d’aides mnémotechniques et de techniques de communication sociale. La première version de l’Entretien Cognitif, publiée au milieu des années 1980, propose à la personne interrogée d’utiliser quatre aides mnésiques pour améliorer son rappel libre du crime : 1) le rappel exhaustif des faits, même de ceux qui peuvent lui paraître sans importance ; 2) la restauration mentale du contexte physique et émotionnel du crime ; 3) le changement d’ordre des faits, consistant pour la personne à tenter de se souvenir des faits en commençant par la fin de l’évènement et à remonter ensuite dans le temps ; 4) le changement de perspective, la personne devant se souvenir des faits en utilisant une perspective différente de la sienne, par exemple, en prenant celle d’un autre témoin présent sur les lieux. Ces aides ont été choisies à partir d’arguments scientifiques sur le fonctionnement de la mémoire (principe de l’encodage spécifique de [Tulving et Thomson, 1973] et accès multiple aux traces mnésiques [Bower, 1967]). Dans les années 1990, une nouvelle version de l’Entretien cognitif ajoute des techniques de communication sociale. Plusieurs équipes de recherche testent également des versions modifiées de la technique afin de l’adapter à des populations particulières (les enfants, par exemple), pour en construire des versions plus courtes en supprimant les aides les moins intéressantes (changement d’ordre et changement de perspective), ou encore en intégrant de nouvelles consignes de rappel ou en modifiant certaines consignes habituelles (par exemple, le remplacement de la restauration mentale du contexte par le dessin de la scène de crime). The first version of the Cognitive Interview, published in the mid-1980s, asked the person being interviewed to use four memory aids to improve their free recall of the crime: 1) exhaustive recall of the facts, even those that may seem unimportant; 2) mental reinstatement of the physical and emotional context of the crime; 3) change of order of the facts, consisting of the person trying to remember the facts starting with the end of the event and then going back in time; 4) change of perspective, with the person having to remember the facts using a perspective different from his or her own, for example, by taking that of another witness present at the scene. These aids were chosen on the basis of scientific arguments about the functioning of memory (Tulving and Thomson's principle of specific encoding [1973] and Bower's multiple access to memory traces [1967]). The first version of the Cognitive Interview, published in the mid-1980s, asked the person being interviewed to use four memory aids to improve their free recall of the crime: 1) exhaustive recall of the facts, even those that may seem unimportant; 2) mental reinstatement of the physical and emotional context of the crime; 3) change of order of the facts, consisting of the person trying to remember the facts starting with the end of the event and then going back in time; 4) change of perspective, with the person having to remember the facts using a perspective different from his or her own, for example, by taking that of another witness present at the scene. These aids were chosen on the basis of scientific arguments about the functioning of memory (Tulving and Thomson's principle of specific encoding [1973] and Bower's multiple access to memory traces [1967]). In the 1990s, a new version of the Cognitive Interview added social communication techniques. Several research teams are also testing modified versions of the protocol in order to adapt it to particular populations (e.g. children), to construct shorter versions by removing the least interesting aids (change of order and change of perspective), or by integrating new recall instructions or modifying some of the usual instructions (e.g. replacing the mental reinstatement of context by the drawing of the crime scene).. cognitive interviews entretiens cognitifs cognitive interview entretien cognitif Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Crombag, H. F. M., Wagenaar, W. A., & Van Koppen, P. J. (1996). Crashing memories and the problem of “source monitoring.” Applied Cognitive Psychology, 10(2), 95–104. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199604)10:2%3C95::AID-ACP366%3E3.0.CO;2-%23 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Patihis, L., & Loftus, E. F. (2016). Crashing memory 2.0: False memories in adults for an upsetting childhood event. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 30(1), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3165 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Rassin, E. (2022). Suggested false memories of a non-existent film : Forensically relevant individual differences in the crashing memories paradigm. Memory, 30(9), 1205‑1211. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2085750 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] 2023-09-05 crashing memories task non-existent news-footage paradigm paradigme des images inexistantes de nouvelles An experimental paradigm in which participants are told that a video recording exists of the moment when a disaster (such as a plane crash) or another public event (such as the assassination of a politician) occurred. The participants can then recall seeing these images when, in fact, they do not exist. Paradigme expérimental dans lequel on insinue qu’il existe un enregistrement vidéo du moment où s’est produit une catastrophe (comme le crash d’un avion) ou tout autre fait public (comme l’assassinat d’un homme politique). Les participants peuvent ensuite se souvenir d’avoir vu ces images alors que, dans les faits, elles n’existent pas. crashing memories paradigm paradigme des crashing memories Frank Arnould Bernstein, D. M., & Loftus, E. F. (2009). The consequences of false memories for food preferences and choices. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(2), 135–139. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01113.x 2018-11-05 2023-03-23 false feedback method méthode du faux retour paradigme du faux retour Method to study the influence of false memories on judgments and behavior. For example, participants are first led to falsely believe that as children they became ill after eating a certain type of food. This suggested belief may then lead them to judge their preference for the food in question more negatively, reduce their willingness to eat and actually consume it. Méthode permettant d'étudier l'influence des faux souvenirs sur les jugements et le comportement. Par exemple, les participants sont d'abord amenés à croire faussement qu'enfant, ils sont tombés malades en mangeant un certain type de nourriture. Cette conviction suggérée peut ensuite les conduire à juger plus négativement leur préférence pour la nourriture en question, réduire leur volonté d'en manger et même d'en consommer réellement. false feedback paradigm paradigme de la rétroaction erronée Frank Arnould Principe, G. F., Tinguely, A., & Dobkowski, N. (2007). Mixing memories: The effects of rumors that conflict with children’s experiences. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 98(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2007.04.002 2018-10-22 2022-03-16 Method used to study the formation of false memories by spreading a false rumor about an event. The crucial element is to analyse to what extent this rumor integrates the memories of the event in question. Méthode utilisée pour étudier la formation de faux souvenirs en diffusant une fausse rumeur à propos d’un évènement. L’élément crucial consiste à analyser dans quelle mesure cette rumeur intègre les souvenirs de l’évènement en question. paradigme de diffusion d’une rumeur ​ rumor mongering ​paradigm Calado, B., Otgaar, H., & Muris, P. (2018, September 27). Are children better witnesses than adolescents? Developmental trends in different false memory paradigms. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/6EMH2 Mori, K., Ito, H., Lindsay, D. S., & Luna, K. (2019, March 19). International Project for Assessing the Average Ratios of Conformity Frequencies among Co-witness Pairs by Utilizing the Standardized MORI Experimental Procedure. https://osf.io/j5f82 Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Gabbert, F., & Hope, L. (2013). Suggestibility and memory conformity. In A. M. Ridley, F. Gabbert, & D. J. La Rooy (Eds.), Suggestibility in legal contexts: Psychological research and forensic implications (pp. 63–83). Wiley-Blackwell. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Garry, M., French, L., Kinzett, T., & Mori, K. (2008). Eyewitness memory following discussion : Using the MORI technique with a Western sample. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 22(4), 431‑439. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1376 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Ito, H., Barzykowski, K., Grzesik, M., Gülgöz, S., Gürdere, C., Janssen, S. M. J., Khor, J., Rowthorn, H., Wade, K. A., Luna, K., Albuquerque, P. B., Kumar, D., Singh, A. D., Cecconello, W. W., Cadavid, S., Laird, N. C., Baldassari, M. J., Lindsay, D. S., & Mori, K. (2019). Eyewitness memory distortion following co-witness discussion : A replication of Garry, French, Kinzett, and Mori (2008) in ten countries. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 8(1), 68‑77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2018.09.004 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed] Maswood, R., & Rajaram, S. (2019). Social transmission of false memory in small groups and large networks. Topics in Cognitive Science, 11(4), 687–709. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12348 [Document type: literature review / Access: free] Wright, D. B., Self, G., & Justice, C. (2000). Memory conformity: Exploring misinformation effects when presented by another person. British Journal of Psychology, 91(2), 189‑202. https://doi.org/10.1348/000712600161781 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 co-witness suggestibility effect conformité des souvenirs contagion sociale d'un souvenir social contagion of memory A phenomenon observed when “people sometimes 'conform' to another person’s version of events when discussing their recollections together, such that their subsequent individual memory reports converge and become similar.” (Gabbert & Hope, 2013, p. 64). Phénomène observé lorsque « des personnes se “conforment” parfois à la version des événements d'une autre personne lorsqu'elles discutent ensemble de leurs souvenirs, de sorte que leurs récits individuels de mémoire ultérieurs convergent et deviennent similaires. » (Gabbert & Hope, 2013, p. 64). Le conformisme du souvenir est un cas particulier de l’effet d’une information présentée après un évènement sur la mémoire de cet évènement. Ici, l’information post-événementielle est un souvenir présenté par une autre personne qui a assisté au même évènement. Une telle information peut modifier le souvenir initial d’un individu après discussion. Memory conformity is a special case of the effect of post-event information on the memory of that event. Here, the post-event information is a memory presented by another person who attended the same event. Such information has the potential to modify an individual’s initial memory after discussion. conformisme du souvenir conformisme des souvenirs memory conformity 2023-06-23 Frank Arnould Kękuś, M., Chylińska, K., Szpitalak, M., Polczyk, R., Ito, H., Mori, K., & Barzykowski, K. (2023). Reinforced self-affirmation as a method for reducing eyewitness memory conformity: An experimental examination using a modified MORI technique. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 37(3), 660–674. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4065 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Szpitalak, M. (in press). Reinforced self-affirmation as a method of reducing the misinformation effect: Towards ecological validity. Psychology, Crime & Law. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2022.2093872 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Szpitalak, M., & Polczyk, R. (2013). Promoting eyewitness testimony quality: Warning vs. reinforced self-affi rmation as methods of reduction of the misinformation effect. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 1(44), 85–91. [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Szpitalak, M., & Polczyk, R. (2016). Reinforced self-affirmation and interrogative suggestibility. Psychiatry, Psychology & Law, 23(4), 512–520. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2015.1081088 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Szpitalak, M., & Polczyk, R. (2019). Inducing resistance to the misinformation effect by means of reinforced self-affirmation: The importance of positive feedback. PLOS ONE, 14(1), e0210987. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210987 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Szpitalak, M., & Polczyk, R. (2021). Mediators and Moderators of Reinforced Self-Affirmation as a Method for Reducing the Memory Misinformation Effect. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 5290. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.666707 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-08-23 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human RSA A method of increasing subjects’ confidence in their memories, which is intended to reduce their susceptibility to suggestions and thus reduce the effect of various forms of memory distortion. The procedure is based on two techniques: self-affirmation (the subject is asked to write down his or her highest life achievements) and positive feedback in a memory task. Méthode pour renforcer la confiance des sujets dans leurs souvenirs, supposée diminuer leur susceptibilité aux suggestions et ainsi réduire l’effet de différentes formes de distorsions mnésiques. Elle repose sur deux techniques : l’affirmation de soi (le sujet est invité à écrire ses plus grandes réussites personnelles) et des retours positifs dans une tâche de mémoire. Des études ont montré que la procédure d’affirmation de soi renforcée est efficace pour réduire l’effet de désinformation (par exemple, Szpitalak, 2022 ; Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2013 ; Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2019 ; Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2021), la suggestibilité à l’interrogation (Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2016), mais pas l’effet de conformisme des souvenirs (Kękuś et al., 2023). Studies showed that the reinforced self-affirmation procedure is efficient to reduce the misinformation effect (e.g., Szpitalak, 2022 ; Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2013 ; Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2019 ; Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2021) and interrogative suggestibility (Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2016), but not the memory conformity effect (Kękuś et al., 2023). procédure d'affirmation de soi renforcée reinforced self-affirmation procedure Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Binet, A. (1857-1911) A. du texte. (1900). La suggestibilité. Schleicher Frères. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k77176m [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Flowe, H. D., & Schreiber Compo, N. (2021). The lack of robust evidence for the effects of alcohol on false memory. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 127, 332–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.029 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Griego, A. W., Datzman, J. N., Estrada, S. M., & Middlebrook, S. S. (2019). Suggestibility and false memories in relation to intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder: A meta‐analytic review. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 63(12), 1464–1474. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12668 [Document type: literature review / Access: free] Klemfuss, J. Z., & Olaguez, A. P. (2020). Individual differences in children’s suggestibility: An updated review. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 29(2), 158–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2018.1508108 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Kloft, L., Monds, L. A., Blokland, A., Ramaekers, J. G., & Otgaar, H. (2021). Hazy memories in the courtroom: A review of alcohol and other drug effects on false memory and suggestibility. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 124, 291–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.012 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] McCurdy, M. P., & Leshikar, E. D. (2022). Contextual framework of the generation effect. The American Journal of Psychology, 135(3), 251–270. https://doi.org/10.5406/19398298.135.3.01 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Payoux, M., & Verrier, N. (2017). La ou les suggestibilité(s) ? L’Année Psychologique, 117(02), 251–270. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503317000513 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Ridley, A. M., Gabbert, F., & La Rooy, D. J. (Eds.). (2013). Suggestibility in legal contexts: Psychological Research and Forensic Implications. Wiley-Blackwell. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Rindal, E. J., Chrobak, Q. M., Zaragoza, M. S., & Weihing, C. A. (2017). Mechanisms of eyewitness suggestibility: Tests of the explanatory role hypothesis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24(5), 1413–1425. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1201-8 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Schacter, D. L. (2003). Science de la mémoire. Oublier et se souvenir. Odile Jacob. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory : How the mind forgets and remembers (2nd ed.). Houghton Mifflin. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Memory suggestibility appears when the subject integrates erroneous information from external sources in its memory (Schacter, 2001). On parle de suggestibilité de la mémoire lorsque le sujet intègre dans ses souvenirs des éléments erronés provenant de sources externes (Schacter, 2003). suggestibility suggestibilité Frank Arnould Heyman, T., Bruninx, A., Hutchison, K. A., & Storms, G. (2018). The (un)reliability of item-level semantic priming effects. Behavior Research Methods, 50(6), 2173–2183. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-018-1040-9 Hutchison, K. A. (2003). Is semantic priming due to association strength or feature overlap? A microanalytic review. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 10(4), 785‑813. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196544 McNamara, T. P. (2005). Semantic priming: Perspectives from memory and word recognition. Psychology Press. McNamara, T. P. (2013). Semantic memory and priming. In A. F. Healy, R. W. Proctor, & I. B. Weiner (Eds.), Handbook of psychology, Vol. 4: Experimental psychology (2nd ed.). (pp. 449–471). John Wiley & Sons Inc. Meyer, D. E., & Schvaneveldt, R. W. (1971). Facilitation in recognizing pairs of words: Evidence of a dependence between retrieval operations. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 90(2), 227-234. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031564 2017-12-04 2022-04-22 amorçage conceptuel amorçage sémantique conceptual priming semantic priming Type d’amorçage durant lequel le traitement d’un stimulus est facilité par le traitement antérieur d’un stimulus sémantiquement lié. Type of priming during which the processing of a word is facilitated by the prior processing of a semantically-related word. amorçages conceptuels amorçages sémantiques effets d'amorçage sémantique semantic priming effects effet d'amorçage sémantique semantic priming effect Frank Arnould Hainselin, M., Quinette, P., & Eustache, F. (2013). Qu’est-ce que la mémoire de l’action ? Revue théorique et perspectives. Revue de neuropsychologie, neurosciences cognitives et cliniques, 5(2), 129–134. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.052.0129 2017-12-04 2022-03-29 souvenir d'action Memory for actions, especially for those described in sentences. Mémoire pour les actions, en particulier pour celles décrites dans des phrases. mémoire des actions souvenirs d'actions action memory mémoire de l'action Frank Arnould Eich, E. (1995). Searching for mood dependent memory. Psychological Science, 6(2), 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00309.x Eich, E., Macaulay, D., & Ryan, L. (1994). Mood dependent memory for events of the personal past. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 123(2), 201‑215. https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-3445.123.2.201 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 Better recall of memories that were encoded in the same emotional context (positive, negative or neutral) as that present at the time of retrieval. Meilleur rappel de souvenirs qui ont été encodés dans le même contexte émotionnel (positif, négatif ou neutre) que celui présent au moment de la récupération. mood-dependent memory mémoire dépendante de l'humeur Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 context memory mémoire du contexte General notion referring to the memory of any information surrounding the target stimulus to be memorized or retrieved. Notion générale pour désigner la mémoire de toute information environnant le stimulus cible à mémoriser ou à récupérer. contextual memories contextual memory mémoire contextuelle Frank Arnould Fisher, J. S., & Radvansky, G. A. (2019). Linear forgetting. Journal of Memory and Language, 108, 104035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2019.104035 Fisher, J. S., & Radvansky, G. A. (2021). Degree of learning and linear forgetting. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 17470218211056464. https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218211056464 Radvansky, G. A., Doolen, A. C., Pettijohn, K. A., & Ritchey, M. (2022). A new look at memory retention and forgetting. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48(11), 1698–1723. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001110 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2022-06-01 2023-09-04 RAFT model modèle RAFT A computational model simulating linear forgetting. Modèle computationnel simulant l'oubli linéaire. modèle de la précision de la récupération à partir de traces fragmentées retrieval accuracy from fragmented traces model Broadbent, D. E., Cooper, P. F., FitzGerald, P., & Parkes, K. R. (1982). The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) and its correlates. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 21(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01421.x Goodman, Z. T., Timpano, K. R., Llabre, M. M., & Bainter, S. A. (20220404). Revisiting the factor structure and construct validity of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire. Psychological Assessment, 34(7), 671. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0001127 2022-07-25 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human CFQ CFQ Questionnaire d’autoévalution des difficultés cognitives subjectives rencontrées dans la vie quotidienne. Self-report questionnaire to assess subjective cognitive difficulties in daily life. Cognitive failures questionnaire Questionnaire de défaillances cognitives Frank Arnould Guerdoux, E., Martin, S., Alexandre, J., Brouillet, D., & Trouillet, R. (2019). Validity of the French Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ) in healthy controls and in patients with no cognitive impairment, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 41(9), 888–904. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2019.1625870 Smith, G., Del Sala, S., Logie, R. H., & Maylor, E. A. (2000). Prospective and retrospective memory in normal ageing and dementia: A questionnaire study. Memory, 8(5), 311–321. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210050117735 2020-06-05 2023-09-04 PRMQ PRMQ Questionnaire asking respondents to rate the frequency with which they encounter different types of prospective and retrospective memory difficulties in their daily lives. Questionnaire demandant aux personnes d’évaluer la fréquence avec laquelle elles rencontrent différents types de difficultés de mémoire prospective et de mémoire rétrospective dans leur vie quotidienne. Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire Questionnaire de mémoire prospective et rétrospective Abel, M. (2021, June 8). List-method directed forgetting: Do critical findings generalize from short to long retention interval? https://osf.io/c4ap5 Frank Arnould Abel, M., Kuchler, B., Meier, E., & Bäuml, K.-H. T. (2021). List-method directed forgetting: Do critical findings generalize from short to long retention intervals? Memory & Cognition, 49(8), 1677–1689. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-021-01192-z Bjork, R. A., LaBerge, D., & Legrand, R. (1968). The modification of short-term memory through instructions to forget. Psychonomic Science, 10(2), 55–56. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03331404 Sahakyan, L., & Foster, N. L. (2009). Intentional forgetting of actions: Comparison of list-method and item-method directed forgetting. Journal of Memory and Language, 61(1), 134–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2009.02.006 Sahakyan, L., Delaney, P. F., Foster, N. L., & Abushanab, B. (2013). List-method directed forgetting in cognitive and clinical research: A theoretical and methodological review. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 59, p. 131–189). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-407187-2.00004-6 2019-06-03 2023-03-23 list-method directed forgetting procedure procédure d'oubli dirigé en méthode liste A method for the study of directed forgetting. "In this task, subjects study two lists of items. Critically, after study of the first list, subjects are cued to remember the list for a later test or to forget the list, pretending that it is no longer relevant and can be forgotten. After study of the second list, memory for both lists is tested, irrespective of original cuing." (Abel et al., 2021, p. 1677). Une méthode pour l'étude de l'oubli dirigé. « Dans cette tâche, les sujets étudient deux listes d'items. Après l'étude de la première liste, les sujets sont invités à se souvenir de la liste pour un test ultérieur ou à l'oublier, en prétendant qu'elle n'est plus pertinente et qu'elle peut être oubliée. Après l'étude de la deuxième liste, la mémoire des deux listes est testée, sans tenir compte de la consigne initiale. » (Abel et al., 2021, p. 1677). list-method directed-forgetting paradigm list-method directed forgetting paradigm paradigme d'oubli dirigé en méthode liste Frank Arnould Shaikh, K. T., Tatham, E. L., Rich, J. B., & Troyer, A. K. (2021). Examining the factor structure of the multifactorial memory questionnaire. Memory, 0(0), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1874995 Troyer, A. K., & Rich, J. B. (2002). Psychometric properties of a new metamemory questionnaire for older adults. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 57(1), P19–P27. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/57.1.P19 Troyer, A. K., Leach, L., Vandermorris, S., & Rich, J. B. (2019). The measurement of participant-reported memory across diverse populations and settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire. Memory, 27(7), 931–942. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1608255 2020-06-08 2023-05-31 MMQ Metamemory questionnaire in which subjects assess their level of satisfaction with their memory, their memory skills (frequency of forgetting and memory difficulties) and their frequency of using different mnemonic strategies in daily life. Questionnaire de métamémoire dans lequel les sujets évaluent leur niveau de satisfaction avec leur mémoire, leurs aptitudes mnésiques (fréquence d’oubli et de difficultés de mémoire) et leur fréquence d’utilisation de différentes stratégies mnémoniques dans la vie quotidienne. MMQ Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire Questionnaire multifactoriel de mémoire Frank Arnould 2020-09-28 Noreen, S., & MacLeod, M. D. (2013). It’s all in the detail : Intentional forgetting of autobiographical memories using the autobiographical think/no-think task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(2), 375‑393. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028888 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 Variation de la tâche penser/Ne pas penser portant sur des souvenirs autobiographiques. Les sujets doivent d'abord générer des souvenirs positifs et négatifs à partir de mots indices. Puis ils sont invités à penser à une partie de ces souvenirs et à ne pas penser aux autres souvenirs. Variation of the Think/No-Think task involving autobiographical memories. Subjects are first asked to generate positive and negative memories from word cues. They are then asked to think about some of these memories and not to think about the others. autobiographical think/no-think task tâche penser/ne pas penser autobiographique Frank Arnould Hotta, C., & Kawaguchi, J. (2009). Self-initiated use of thought substitution can lead to long term forgetting, 52(1), 41–49. https://doi.org/10.2117/psysoc.2009.41 2019-06-03 2023-03-29 A method used in the Think/No-Think paradigm. Subjects have to attempt to avoid retrieving unwanted memories in the presence of a cue by substituting a distracting thought. Méthode utilisée dans le paradigme Penser/Ne pas penser. Les sujets doivent éviter de récupérer des souvenirs indésirables en présence d'un indice en leur subsituant une pensée distractrice. méthode de substitution de pensée thought substitution method Frank Arnould Muther, W. S. (1965). Erasure or partitioning in short-term memory. Psychonomic Science, 3(1–12), 429–430. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03343215 2019-06-03 2023-03-14 item-method directed forgetting procedure procédure d'oubli dirigé en méthode item Method of studying directed forgetting. The experimenter presents a series of items to the subject, one by one. After each item, the subject is instructed to either remember or forget it. Memory for all items is then tested. Méthode d'étude de l'oubli dirigé. L'expérimentateur présente une série d'items au sujet, un par un. Après chaque item, le sujet est prévenu qu'il devra soit s'en souvenir, soit l'oublier. La mémoire de l'ensemble des items est ensuite testée. item-method directed-forgetting procedure item-method directed forgetting paradigm paradigme d'oubli dirigé en méthode item Frank Arnould Delaney, P. F., Nghiem, K. N., & Waldum, E. R. (2009). The selective directed forgetting effect: Can people forget only part of a text?: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470210902770049 2020-06-02 2023-03-14 procédure d'oubli dirigé sélectif selective directed forgetting procedure Variante du paradigme d’oubli dirigé en méthode liste. Les participants doivent oublier une partie des éléments d’une liste qu’ils viennent de mémoriser. Variation of the list-method directed forgetting paradigm. Participants have to forget some of the elements of a list they have just memorized. selective directed-forgetting paradigm paradigme d'oubli dirigé sélectif selective directed forgetting paradigm Frank Arnould Royle, J., & Lincoln, N. (2008). The Everyday Memory Questionnaire - Revised: Development of a 13-item scale. Disability and Rehabilitation, 30, 114–121. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638280701223876 Sunderland, A., Harris, J. E., & Baddeley, A. D. (1983). Do laboratory tests predict everyday memory? A neuropsychological study. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22(3), 341–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(83)90229-3 Sunderland, A., Harris, J. E., & Gleave, J. (1984). Memory failures in everyday life following severe head injury. Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 6(2), 127–142. https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638408401204 2020-06-05 2023-06-11 EMQ EMQ Questionnaire asking people to rate the frequency with which they experience memory difficulties in their daily lives. Questionnaire demandant aux personnes d’évaluer la fréquence avec laquelle elles rencontrent des difficultés de la mémoire dans leur vie quotidienne. Everyday Memory Questionnaire Questionnaire de mémoire quotidienne Frank Arnould Brown, J. (1958). Some tests of the decay theory of immediate memory. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 10(1), 12–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470215808416249 Peterson, L., & Peterson, M. J. (1959). Short-term retention of individual verbal items. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58(3), 193–198. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0049234 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 Experimental technique for the study of forgetting in short-term memory which is also used as a measure of the central executive of working memory (Brown, 1958; Peterson & Peterson, 1959). The task consists of presenting subjects with sequences of three consonants. After the presentation of each series, the subject has to perform either an immediate recall of the consonants, or a counting backwards task starting from a three-digit number. The duration of this counting task varies from 3 to 18 seconds. Immediate recall gives an excellent memory of each series of three consonants. However, the counting task disrupts memory. After a 3-second interval occupied by this task, 80% of the items are recalled, and less than 10% after a 18-second interval. Technique expérimentale permettant d'étudier l'oubli en mémoire à court terme et également utilisée comme mesure de l'administrateur central de la mémoire de travail (Brown, 1958 ; Peterson & Peterson, 1959). La tâche consiste à présenter aux sujets des suites de trois consonnes. Après la présentation de chaque suite, le sujet est amené soit à effectuer un rappel immédiat des consonnes, soit à réaliser une tâche de comptage à rebours à partir d’un nombre de trois chiffres, de 3 en 3. La durée de cette tâche de comptage varie de 3 à 18 secondes. Le rappel immédiat suscite un excellent rappel de chaque série de 3 consonnes. En revanche, la tâche de comptage à rebours perturbe la mémoire. Après un intervalle de 3 secondes occupé par cette tâche, 80 % des items sont rappelés, et 10 % après un intervalle de 18 secondes. Brown-Peterson task tâche de Brown-Peterson Frank Arnould Posner, M. I., & Konick, A. F. (1966). On the role of interference in short-term retention. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 72(2), 221. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023458 2017-12-04 2022-03-13 acid bath model acid bath principle modèle du bain d'acide principe du bain d'acide According to this theory, forgetting a memory trace in short-term memory occurs during the storage phase of the information, and more specifically, during the retention interval. Forgetting is a function of the number of stored items (by analogy, the amount of acid) and their similarity (by analogy, the acid concentration). Théorie selon laquelle l'oubli d'une trace mnésique en mémoire à court terme intervient pendant la phase de stockage de l'information, c'est-à-dire, pendant l'intervalle de rétention. L'oubli d'une trace serait fonction du nombre d'items stockés (par analogie, la quantité d'acide) et de leur similarité (par analogie, la concentration d'acide). acid bath theory théorie du bain d'acide Frank Arnould Hulbert, J. C., Henson, R. N., & Anderson, M. C. (2016). Inducing amnesia through systemic suppression. Nature Communications, 7(1), 11003. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11003 2020-09-18 Anderson, M. C., & Hulbert, J. C. (2021). Active forgetting : Adaptation of memory by prefrontal control. Annual Review of Psychology, 72(1), annurev-psych-072720-094140. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-072720-094140 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-09-04 "impaired recall or source recognition of events occurring before or after direct retrieval suppression, arising from disrupted hippocampal function" (Anderson & Hulbert, 2021). « détérioration du rappel ou de la reconnaissance de la source des événements survenus avant ou après la suppression directe de la récupération d'un souvenir, résultant d'une perturbation du fonctionnement de l'hippocampe » (Anderson & Hilbert, 2021). amnesic shadow ombre amnésique Frank Arnould Anderson, M., C. (2020). Incidental forgetting. In A. Baddeley, M. W. Eysenck, & M. C. Anderson (Eds.), Memory (pp. 277–313). Psychology Press. 2017-12-04 2022-05-14 Inability to remember information without intent to forget. Incapacité à se souvenir d'informations sans qu'il y ait eu intention de les oublier. oublis incidents incidental forgetting oubli incident Frank Arnould Anderson, M. C. (2020). Motivated forgetting. In A. D. Baddeley, M. W. Eysenck, & M. C. Anderson (Eds.), Memory (pp. 315–349). Psychology Press. 2017-12-04 2022-05-14 intentional forgetting oubli intentionnel oubli volontaire voluntary forgetting Generic term for intentional or non-accidental forgetting with the subject not being necessarily conscious of it. Terme générique utilisé pour désigner un oubli intentionnel ou un oubli non accidentel sans que le sujet en soit forcément conscient. oublis intentionnels oublis motivés oublis volontaires motivated forgetting oubli motivé Frank Arnould Brown, G. D. A., Neath, I., & Chater, N. (2007). A temporal ratio model of memory. Psychological Review, 114(3), 539-576. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.3.539 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Hypothèse selon laquelle les traces mnésiques sont temporellement de moins en moins distinctes avec le temps et deviennent alors plus difficiles à récupérer. The hypothesis that memory traces are temporally less distinctive with time and then become more difficult to retrieve. distinctivité temporelle temporal distinctiveness hypothèse de la distinctivité temporelle temporal distinctiveness hypothesis Frank Arnould Caramazza, A., & Mahon, B. Z. (2003). The organization of conceptual knowledge: the evidence from category-specific semantic deficits. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7(8), 354-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(03)00159-1 Chen, L., Lambon Ralph, M. A., & Rogers, T. T. (2017). A unified model of human semantic knowledge and its disorders. Nature Human Behaviour, 1(3), 0039. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-016-0039 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 category-specific deficit category-specific semantic impairment Détérioration des connaissances conceptuelles portant sur une catégorie sémantique spécifique (par exemple, celle des êtres vivants), alors que les connaissances conceptuelles sur les autres catégories sont préservées (par exemple, celles sur les objets inanimés ou manufacturés). Impairment of conceptual knowledge about a specific semantic category (e.g., living things), while conceptual knowledge about other categories is preserved (e.g., inanimate objects). category-specific deficits category-specific semantic deficit déficit sémantique spécifique à une catégorie Frank Arnould Barbeau, E., Didic, M., Felician, O., Tramoni, E., Guedj, E., Ceccaldi, M., & Poncet, M. (2006). Pure progressive amnesia: An atypical amnestic syndrome? Cognitive Neuropsychology, 23, 1230–1247. https://doi.org/10.1080/02643290600893594 Didic, M., & Tramoni, E. (2011). L’amnésie pure progressive: Un « modèle pathologique » privilégié pour l’étude des systèmes de mémoire ? Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 3(2), 120–126. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.032.0120 2020-06-19 2023-03-17 AmPP A rare clinical form of Alzheimer's disease characterized by a focal deficit of memory over a prolonged period of time (Barbeau et al., 2006) Forme clinique rare de la maladie d’Alzheimer, caractérisée par un déficit focal de la mémoire sur une période prolongée (Barbeau et al., 2006). amnésie progressive pure pure progressive amnesia Frank Arnould Cubelli, R., Beschin, N., & Della Sala, S. (2020). Retrograde amnesia: A selective deficit of explicit autobiographical memory. Cortex, 133, 400–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.10.003 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 A type of amnesia characterized by the difficulty or the inability to retrieve episodic memories from before the onset of the disease. Type d’amnésie qui se caractérise par la difficulté ou l’impossibilité à récupérer des souvenirs épisodiques précédant le début de la maladie. amnésies rétrogrades retrograde amnesias amnésie rétrograde retrograde amnesia Frank Arnould Anderson, M. C., & Neely, J. H. (1996). Interference and inhibition in memory retrieval. In E. L. Bjork & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Memory (p. 237‑313). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012102570-0/50010-0 Keppel, G., & Underwood, B. J. (1962). Proactive inhibition in short-term retention of single items. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1(3), 153‑161. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(62)80023-1 Kliegl, O., & Bäuml, K.-H. T. (2021). Buildup and release from proactive interference – Cognitive and neural mechanisms. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 120, 264–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.028 Neath, I., & Surprenant, A. M. (2015). Proactive interference. In J. Wright (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (p. 1‑8). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.51054-X Underwood, B. J. (1957). Interference and forgetting. Psychological Review, 64(1), 49-60. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0044616 2017-12-04 2023-03-31 inhibition proactive proactive inhibition Processus par lequel des souvenirs anciens perturbent la rétention de nouvelles informations. The process by which older memories disrupts the retention of newer information. inhibitions proactives interférences proactives interférence proactive proactive interference Frank Arnould Anderson, M. C., & Neely, J. H. (1996). Interference and inhibition in memory retrieval. In E. L. Bjork & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Memory (p. 237‑313). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012102570-0/50010-0 Craig, M., Dewar, M., & Sala, S. D. (2015). Retroactive interference. In J. D. Wright (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition) (p. 613-620). Elsevier. McGeoch, J. A. (1932). Forgetting and the law of disuse. Psychological Review, 39(4), 352–370. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0069819 2017-12-04 2023-04-03 inhibition rétroactive retroactive inhibition Processus par lequel l’apprentissage de nouvelles informations perturbent la rétention d’informations similaires apprises antérieurement. The process by which the learning of new information disrupts the retention of similar information previously learned. interférence rétroactive retroactive interference Frank Arnould Conti, M., Teghil, A., Di Vita, A., & Boccia, M. (2023). Lifelong impairment in episodic re-experiencing: Neuropsychological and neuroimaging examination of a new case of Severely Deficient Autobiographical Memory. Cortex, 163, 80–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2023.03.004 Palombo, D. J., Alain, C., Söderlund, H., Khuu, W., & Levine, B. (2015). Severely deficient autobiographical memory (SDAM) in healthy adults: A new mnemonic syndrome. Neuropsychologia, 72, 105-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.04.012 2017-12-04 2023-04-20 SDAM mémoire autobiographique gravement déficiente Inability to remember and re-experience autobiographical episodic details observed in healthy subjects who otherwise live normally. Trouble de la mémoire se manifestant par une incapacité à se souvenir et à revivre des détails autobiographiques épisodiques, observé chez des sujets sains qui vivent par ailleurs normalement. mémoire autobiographique sévèrement déficitaire severely deficient autobiographical memory Frank Arnould Baker, J., Savage, S., Milton, F., Butler, C., Kapur, N., Hodges, J., & Zeman, A. (2021). The syndrome of transient epileptic amnesia: A combined series of 115 cases and literature review. Brain Communications, 3(2), fcab038. https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcab038 Favre, I. M. A., Véran, O., Payen, I., & Vercueil, L. (2011). Amnésie transitoire épileptique ou ictus amnésique épileptique : discussion nosographique à partir d’un cas clinique. Gériatrie, Psychologie et Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement, 9(1), 83-89. https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2011.0254 Kapur, N. (1993). Transient epileptic amnesia: A clinical update and a reformulation. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 56(11), 1184-1190. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.56.11.1184 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 ictus amnésique épileptique A form of temporal epilepsy with recurrent episodes of anterograde and retrograde amnesia of short duration (usually between 20 and 60 minutes). Forme d'épilepsie temporale se manifestant par des épisodes récurrents d'amnésie (antérograde et rétrograde) de durée brève (généralement entre 20 et 60 minutes). amnésie épileptique transitoire transient epileptic amnesia Frank Arnould Murphy, D. H., & Castel, A. D. (2020). Responsible remembering : How metacognition impacts adaptive selective memory. Zeitschrift Für Psychologie, 228(4), 301‑303. https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000428 Murphy, D. H., & Castel, A. D. (2021a). Metamemory that matters : Judgments of importance can engage responsible remembering. Memory, 29(3), 271-283. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1887895 Murphy, D. H., & Castel, A. D. (2021b). Responsible remembering and forgetting as contributors to memory for important information. Memory & Cognition. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-021-01139-4 2021-08-10 2023-09-04 Notion qui « rend compte de la façon dont la mémoire fonctionne pour hiérarchiser les informations importantes dont il faudra se souvenir et de la façon dont les processus métacognitifs peuvent être plus précis dans des situations ayant des répercussions sur l'oubli. » (Murphy & Castel, 2022a, p. 271). Notion that "captures how memory functions to prioritise important information that will need to be remembered and how metacognitive processes may be more precise in situations involving consequences for forgetting." (Murphy & Castel, 2022a, p. 271). mémoire responsable responsible remembering Frank Arnould Claparède E (1911) Reconnaissance et moiïté. Archives de psychologie, 11, 79-90. Schacter, D. L., Harbluk, J. L., & McLachlan, D. R. (1984). Retrieval without recollection : An experimental analysis of source amnesia. Journal of Verbal Learning & Verbal Behavior, 23(5), 593‑611. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90373-6 2017-12-04 2023-03-17 A type of amnesia characterized by a deficit in the memory of the source of information (where, when, how). Type d’amnésie qui se caractérise par un déficit dans la mémoire de la source des informations (où, quand, comment.) amnésie de la source source amnesia Frank Arnould Cubelli, R., Beschin, N., & Della Sala, S. (2020). Retrograde amnesia: A selective deficit of explicit autobiographical memory. Cortex, 133, 400–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.10.003 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 anterograde memory loss perte de mémoire antérograde Type d’amnésie se manifestant par la difficulté pour le patient à effectuer des apprentissages épisodiques nouveaux depuis le début de la maladie. Type of amnesia characterized by the patient's difficulty in new episodic learning since the onset of the disease. amnésies antérogrades anterograde amnesias pertes de mémoire antérograde amnésie antérograde anterograde amnesia Frank Arnould Moscovitch, M. (1995). Confabulation. In D. L. Schacter (Ed.), Memory distortions: How minds, brains, and societies reconstruct the past (pp. 226–251). Harvard University Press. 2017-12-04 2022-03-08 Often considered as synonymous with fabulation (imaginary story that the subject sees as real without intent to deceive). Authors prefer to reserve the term confabulation to the constructions used by the subject to compensate memory difficulties or deficiencies, as in Korsakoff syndrome. Souvent pris comme synonyme de fabulation (récit imaginaire que le sujet considère comme réel sans intention de tromper), des auteurs préfèrent réserver le terme de confabulation aux constructions au moyen desquelles le sujet compense des difficultés, des carences de la mémoire, comme dans le cas du syndrome de Korsakoff. confabulations confabulations confabulation confabulation Frank Arnould Ricker, T. J., Vergauwe, E., & Cowan, N. (2014). Decay theory of immediate memory: From Brown (1958) to today (2014). The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 141(2), 98-112. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2014.914546 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Memory trace decay decay hypothesis decay theory déclin de la trace déclin de la trace mnésique déclin temporel memory decay oubli spontané spontaneous forgetting temporal decay time-based decay trace decay Hypothèse selon laquelle l’oubli repose sur un affaiblissement avec le temps de la trace mnésique. The hypothesis that forgetting is based on the weakening of the memory trace with the passage of time. decay oublis spontanés hypothèse du déclin de la trace trace decay hypothesis Accelerated Long Term Forgetting : Four Doors and Crimes Test. (2021). [Data set]. Newcastle University. doi:10.25405/data.ncl.14195342.v3 Atkinson, A. L., Allen, R. J., & Hitch, G. J. (2021, June 1). Detecting Accelerated Long-term Forgetting: A problem and some solutions. https://osf.io/4x23b/ Landry, A., Rouleau, I., Nguyen, D. K., & Boucher, O. (2022). L’oubli accéléré a long terme chez les personnes atteintes d’épilepsie: État des connaissances et implications pour l’évaluation clinique. Revue de neuropsychologie, 14(3), 179–188. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2022.0717 Frank Arnould Baddeley, A. D., Atkinson, A. L., Hitch, G. J., & Allen, R. J. (2021). Detecting accelerated long-term forgetting : A problem and some solutions. Cortex, 142, 237‑251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2021.03.038 Butler, C., Gilboa, A., & Miller, L. (2019). Accelerated long-term forgetting. Cortex, 110, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2018.12.009 Butler, C., Muhlert, N., & Zeman, A. (2010). Accelerated long-term forgetting. In S. Della Sala (Ed.), Forgetting (211-237). Psychology Press. Cassel, A., & Kopelman, M. D. (2019). Have we forgotten about forgetting? A critical review of ‘accelerated long-term forgetting’ in temporal lobe epilepsy. Cortex, 110, 141‑149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2017.12.012 Elliott, G., Isaac, C. L., & Muhlert, N. (2014). Measuring forgetting: A critical review of accelerated long-term forgetting studies. Cortex, 54, 16-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2014.02.001 Fitzgerald, Z., Mohamed, A., Ricci, M., Thayer, Z., & Miller, L. (2013). Accelerated long-term forgetting: A newly identified memory impairment in epilepsy. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 20(11), 1486–1491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2013.04.037 García-Martínez, M., Sánchez-Juan, P., & Butler, C. R. (2023). A review of accelerated long-term forgetting in Alzheimer’s disease: Current situation and prospects. Neuropsychology, 37(6), 673–682. https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0000827 Geurts, S., van der Werf, S. P., Kwa, V. I. H., & Kessels, R. P. C. (2019). Accelerated long-term forgetting after TIA or minor stroke: A more sensitive measure for detecting subtle memory dysfunction? Cortex, 110, 150–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2018.04.002 Landry, A., Rouleau, I., Nguyen, D. K., & Boucher, O. (2022). L’oubli accéléré a long terme chez les personnes atteintes d’épilepsie: État des connaissances et implications pour l’évaluation clinique. Revue de neuropsychologie, 14(3), 179–188. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2022.0717 Mameniškienė, R., Puteikis, K., Jasionis, A., & Jatužis, D. (2020). A review of accelerated long-term forgetting in epilepsy. Brain Sciences (2076-3425), 10(12), 945. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10120945 Rodini, M., De Simone, M. S., Caltagirone, C., & Carlesimo, G. A. (2022). Accelerated long-term forgetting in neurodegenerative disorders: A systematic review of the literature. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 141, 104815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104815 2017-12-04 2023-08-23 ALF LTA accelerated forgetting amnésie à long terme long-term amnesia oubli accéléré oubli accéléré sur le long terme oubli accéléré à long terme An abnormal pattern of forgetting “[...] in which information may apparently be learnt and remembered normally at first, but is forgotten at an accelerated rate over subsequent days to weeks.” (Butler et al., 2010, p. 211). The phenomenon has been observed in patients with epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease or after a stroke. Profil anormal d’oubli « […] dans lequel les informations peuvent apparemment être d’abord apprises et mémorisées normalement, mais sont oubliées à un rythme accéléré au cours des jours à semaines suivants. » (Butler et al., 2010, p. 211). Ce phénomène a été observé chez des patients atteints d’épilepsie, de la maladie d’Alzheimer ou après un accident vasculaire cérébral. accelerated long-term forgetting oubli à long terme accéléré Frank Arnould McGeoch, J.A. (1942). The psychology of human learning: An introduction. Longmans. Postman, L., & Underwood, B. J. (1973). Critical issues in interference theory. Memory & Cognition, 1(1), 19-40. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198064 Webb, L. W. (1917). Transfer of training and retroaction: A comparative study. The Psychological Monographs, 24(3), 1-90. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0093121 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 compétition des traces retrieval competition trace competition Activation simultanée de souvenirs qui sont en concurrence comme réponse à un indice. Simultaneous activation of memories that compete as a response to a cue. Competition between memory traces is one of the processes invoked to explain forgetting, particularly that caused by retroactive interference. For example, participants learn a first list of A-B word pairs and then a second list of A-C words. Thus, the same words (A) are associated with different responses in the two lists (B and C). When the first list of word pairs is tested, by asking participants to recall the B responses associated with the A words, the acquired A-B and A-C associations compete. The more recent associations (A-C) are thought to block the older ones (A-B). La compétition entre traces mnésiques est l’un des processus invoqués pour expliquer l’oubli, notamment celui provoqué par interférence rétroactive. Par exemple, des participants mémorisent une première liste de paires de mots de type A-B, puis une seconde liste de mots de type A-C. Ainsi, les mêmes mots (A) sont associés à des réponses différentes dans les deux listes (B et C). Quand la première liste de paires de mots est testée, en demandant aux participants de rappeler les réponses B associées aux mots A, les associations acquises A-B et A-C entrent en compétition. Les associations les plus récentes (A-C) bloqueraient alors les plus anciennes (A-B). compétition des réponses response competition Frank Arnould Bussy, G., Seguin, C., & Bonnevie, I. (2019). Dysmnésie développementale: Un trouble neurodéveloppemental oublié. Neuropsychiatrie de l’Enfance et de l’Adolescence, 67(1), 43–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2018.09.003 2020-06-09 2023-09-04 "a persistent disorder of explicit long-term memory that cannot be explained by an intellectual disability or by a sensory or other cognitive disorder, in the absence of an educational and social deficiency. The disorder may affect semantic memory or episodic memory, in verbal and/or visual modality. The disorder may be at the stage of information encoding, storing or retrieval. The disorder appears during development and has no identified organic cause (unlike developmental amnesia)." (Bussy et al., 2019, p. 44). « un trouble persistant de la mémoire à long-terme explicite ne s’expliquant ni par une déficience intellectuelle ni par un trouble sensoriel ou un trouble cognitif autre, et ce en l’absence de carence éducative et sociale. Le trouble peut affecter la mémoire sémantique ou la mémoire épisodique, en modalité verbale et/ou visuelle. Le trouble peut se situer au niveau de l’encodage, du stockage ou de la récupération des informations. Ce trouble apparaît au cours du développement et n’a pas de cause organique identifiée (contrairement à l’amnésie développementale) » (Bussy et al., 2019, p. 44). developmental dysmnesia dysmnésie développementale Frank Arnould Bjork, R. A., Bjork, E. L., & Caughey, B. J. (2007). Retrieval as a self-limiting process : Part II. In J. S. Nairne (Ed.), The Foundations of Remembering: Essays in Honor of Henry L. Roediger, III (p. 19-37). Psychology Press. 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Processus par lequel le fait de récupérer des informations en mémoire empêche la récupération d'autres informations. The process by which retrieving information from memory prevents the retrieval of other information. processus auto-limitant self-limiting process Frank Arnould Habib, M., & Sirigu, A. (1987). Pure topographical disorientation: A definition and anatomical basis. Cortex, 23(1), 73-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-9452(87)80020-5 Whiteley, A. M., & Warrington, E. K. (1978). Selective impairment of topographical memory: a single case study. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 41(6), 575-578. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.41.6.575 2017-12-04 2022-03-08 amnésie topographique désorientation topographique pure pure topographical disorientation topographical amnesia Selective disorder of spatial memory in which patients have difficulty orienting themselves in their environment and finding their way which results from lesions in the right parahippocampal gyrus. Trouble sélectif de la mémoire spatiale se manifestant par la difficulté des patients à s'orienter dans leur environnement et à trouver leur chemin, et consécutif à des lésions du gyrus parahippocampique droit. perte de la mémoire topographique topographical memory loss Frank Arnould Rosenbaum, R. S., Murphy, K. J., & Rich, J. B. (2012). The amnesias. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 3(1), 47-63. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.155 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 amnestic disorder trouble amnésique Generic term for memory disorders of psychogenic or organic origin (brain lesions), characterized by the loss of memories, whether transient or permanent, partial or complete. Terme générique désignant les troubles de la mémoire, d’origine psychogène ou organique (lésions cérébrales), qui se manifestent par la perte, transitoire ou durable, partielle ou complète, de souvenirs. amnesias amnestic disorders amnésies troubles amnésiques amnesia amnésie Frank Arnould Arnold, K., & McDermott, K. (2012). Test-potentiated learning : Distinguishing between direct and indirect effects of tests. Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition, 39. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029199 Izawa, C. (1966). Reinforcement-test sequences in paired-associate learning. Psychological Reports, 18(3), 879‑919. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1966.18.3.879 2020-11-03 2023-09-04 "Attempting to retrieve items may improve later encoding of those items even when the retrieval attempt fails and feedback is not given." (Arnold & McDermott, 2013, p. 940). « Tenter de récupérer des éléments en mémoire peut améliorer l'encodage ultérieur de ces éléments, même lorsque la tentative de récupération échoue et qu'aucun retour d'information n'est donné. » (Arnold & McDermott, 2013, p. 940). apprentissage favorisé par le test test-potentiated learning Pastötter, B., von Dawans, B., Domes, G., & Frings, C. (2023, March 24). The forward testing effect is resistant to acute psychosocial retrieval stress. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/EX4RU Frank Arnould Chan, J. C. K., Meissner, C. A., & Davis, S. D. (2018). Retrieval potentiates new learning : A theoretical and meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 144(11), 1111–1146. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000166 Pastötter, B., von Dawans, B., Domes, G., & Frings, C. (2023). The forward testing effect is resistant to acute psychosocial retrieval stress. Experimental Psychology, 70(1), 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000571 2018-10-01 2023-04-18 forward effect of testing forward testing effect ​ interim test effect ​ test-enhanced new learning ​ Phénomène observé quand la récupération d'informations en mémoire favorise ensuite l'apprentissage de nouvelles informations. The phenomenon observed when the retrieval of studied information from memory facilitates the learning of new information. apprentissages nouveaux favorisés par le test apprentissage nouveau favorisé par le test test-potentiated new learning Akan, M., & Benjamin, A. (2019, February 8). The effects of testing on memory for context. https://osf.io/bqr5f/ Pan, S. C. (2021, February 9). Test-enhanced learning and effects of retrieval processes on long-term memory. https://osf.io/jd5qh/ Van Eersel, G., Verkoeijen, P., & Bouwmeester, S. (2017, March 14). Does retrieval practice depend on semantic cues? Assessing the fuzzy trace account of the testing effect. https://osf.io/nx3zm/ Zhifang Ye and Gui Xue (2020). Retrieval practice facilitates memory updating by enhancing and differentiating medial prefrontal cortex representations. OpenNeuro. [Dataset] doi:10.18112/openneuro.ds002773.v1.0.0 Frank Arnould McDermott, K. B. (2021). Practicing retrieval facilitates learning. Annual Review of Psychology, 72(1), 609-633. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-051019 Roediger, H. L., & Butler, A. C. (2011). The critical role of retrieval practice in long-term retention. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 15(1), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2010.09.003 2017-12-04 2022-05-19 recitation récitation Strategy of trying to remember learned information before the final memory test. Stratégie consistant à tenter de se souvenir des informations mémorisées avant le test final de la mémoire. pratique de la récupération retrieval practice Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Brewer, N., Lucas, C., Sauer, J., & Palmer, M. (2021). Measuring the relationship between eyewitness identification confidence and accuracy. In A. M. Smith, M. P. Toglia, & J. M. Lampinen (Eds.), Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks (pp. 234–256). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003138105-14 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Roediger, H. L., & DeSoto, K. A. (2015). Understanding the relation between confidence and accuracy in reports from memory. In D. S. Lindsay, C. M. Kelley, A. P. Yonelinas, & H. L. Roediger (Eds.), Remembering: Attributions, processes, and control in human memory: Papers in honor of Larry L. Jacoby (p. 347 - 367). Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wixted, J. T., & Wells, G. L. (2017). The relationship between eyewitness confidence and identification accuracy: A new synthesis. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 18(1), 10–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100616686966 [Document type: literature review / Access: free] 2023-09-05 confiance confidence confidence rating Jugement métamnésique indiquant le niveau de certitude que le sujet attribue à ses souvenirs. La confiance est généralement mesurée au moyen d’une échelle d’évaluation. Metamemory judgment indicating the level of certainty the subject attributes to his or her memories. Confidence is usually measured using a rating scale. confidence judgement confidence judgments confidence ratings jugements de confiance confidence judgment jugement de confiance Frank Arnould Deplus, S., Grégoire, J., & Van Broeck, N. (2013). Tâche d’évaluation de la mémoire autobiographique (TEMA) adaptée à l’enfant. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 63(3), 159-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2012.10.001 Dritschel, B., Beltsos, S., & McClintock, S. M. (2013). An "alternating instructions" version of the Autobiographical Memory Test for assessing autobiographical memory specificity in non-clinical populations. Memory, 22(8), 881-889. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2013.839710 Van Vreeswijk, M. F., & de Wilde, E. J. (2004). Autobiographical memory specificity, psychopathology, depressed mood and the use of the Autobiographical Memory Test: a meta-analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42(6), 731-743. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7967(03)00194-3 Williams, J. M., & Broadbent, K. (1986). Autobiographical memory in suicide attempters. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95(2), 144-149. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.95.2.144 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 AMT TEMA A task to assess the degree of specificity of autobiographical memories. Derived from the cue-word method, it is mostly used in a clinical setting, especially for assessing the existence of overgeneral autobiographical memories (for example, in people with depression and in post-traumatic stress disorder). Subjects are asked to generate autobiographical memories from positive (e.g. happy) or negative (e.g. injured) cue-words. Variations of this task exist (inclusion or not of emotionally neutral words, number of cue-words, instructions, etc.). Épreuve permettant d'évaluer le niveau de spécificité des souvenirs autobiographiques. Dérivée de la méthode des mots indices, elle est surtout utilisée dans un cadre clinique, en particulier pour apprécier l'existence de souvenirs autobiographiques surgénéralisés (par exemple, chez les personnes dépressives et dans l'état de stress post-traumatique). Les sujets doivent générer des souvenirs autobiographiques à partir de mots positifs (par exemple, heureux) ou négatifs (par exemple, blessé) servant d'indices. Il existe des variantes de cette tâche (inclusion ou non de mots émotionnellement neutres, nombre de mots indices, consignes...) Autobiographical Memory Test Test de mémoire autobiographique Frank Arnould Barry, T. J., Hallford, D. J., & Takano, K. (2021). Autobiographical memory impairments as a transdiagnostic feature of mental illness : A meta-analytic review of investigations into autobiographical memory specificity and overgenerality among people with psychiatric diagnoses. Psychological Bulletin, 47(10), 1054–1074. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000345 Barry, T. J., Takano, K., Hallford, D. J., Roberts, J. E., Salmon, K., & Raes, F. (2023). Autobiographical memory and psychopathology: Is memory specificity as important as we make it seem? WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(3), e1624. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1624 Hallford, D. J., Rusanov, D., Yeow, J. J. E., & Barry, T. J. (2021). Overgeneral and specific autobiographical memory predict the course of depression : An updated meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine, 51(6), 909 - 926. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721001343 Ono, M., Devilly, G. J., & Shum, D. H. K. (2016). A meta-analytic review of overgeneral memory : The role of trauma history, mood, and the presence of posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 8(2), 157‑164. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000027 Preko, T., Edler, K., Behrens, B., & Valentino, K. (in press). A meta-analysis of the influence of cue valence on overgeneral memory and autobiographical memory specificity among youth. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-023-01099-0 Weiss-Cowie, S., Verhaeghen, P., & Duarte, A. (2023). An updated account of overgeneral autobiographical memory in depression. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 149, 105157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105157 Williams, J. M. G., Barnhofer, T., Crane, C., Herman, D., Raes, F., Watkins, E., & Dalgleish, T. (2007). Autobiographical memory specificity and emotional disorder. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 122-148. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.122 Williams, J. M., & Broadbent, K. (1986). Autobiographical memory in suicide attempters. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95(2), 144-149. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.95.2.144 2017-12-04 2023-07-21 memory overgenerality overgeneral autobiographical memory reduced autobiographical memory specificity souvenir autobiographique surgénéralisé souvenir général Autobiographical memories without reference to a specific event. These memories tend to be more common in people with depression or post-traumatic stress disorder. Souvenir autobiographique marqué par son caractère générique, sans référence à un événement spécifique. Les personnes dépressives ou présentant un état de stress post-traumatique ont tendance à rappeler plus fréquemment de tels souvenirs. overgeneral autobiographical memories overgeneral memories souvenirs autobiographiques surgénéralisés souvenirs généraux souvenirs surgénéralisés overgeneral memory souvenir surgénéralisé Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Brown, A. S., & Murphy, D. R. (1989). Cryptomnesia: Delineating inadvertent plagiarism. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(3), 432–442. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.15.3.432 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Brédart, S., Lampinen, J., & Defeldre, A.-C. (2003). Phenomenal characteristics of cryptomnesia. Memory, 11(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/741938174 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Gingerich, A. C., & Sullivan, M. C. (2013). Claiming hidden memories as one’s own: A review of inadvertent plagiarism. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 25(8), 903-916. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2013.841674 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] McCarroll, C. J., & Sant’Anna, A. (2023). Cryptomnesia: A three-factor account. Synthese, 201(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-022-04002-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-06-15 cryptomnesic experience expérience cryptomnésique inadvertent plagiarism plagiat inconscient plagiat involontaire unconscious plagiarism "Cryptomnesia refers to generating a word, an idea, a song, or a solution to a problem, with the belief that it is either totally original, or at least original within the present context. In actuality, the item is not original, but one which has been produced by someone else (or even oneself) at some earlier time." (Brown et Murphy, 1989, p. 432). "La cryptomnésie consiste à générer un mot, une idée, une chanson ou une solution à un problème, en pensant qu'il s'agit d'un élément totalement original, ou du moins original dans le contexte du moment. En réalité, l'élément n'est pas original, mais a été produit par quelqu'un d'autre (ou même par soi-même) à un autre moment". (Brown et Murphy, 1989, p. 432). cryptomnesic cryptomnesic experiences cryptomnésique cryptomnésiques expériences cryptomnésiques plagiats inconscients cryptomnesia cryptomnésie 2022-07-25 Frank Arnould Gancedo, Y., Fariña, F., Seijo, D., Vilariño, M., & Arce, R. (2021). Reality monitoring: A meta-analytical review for forensic practice. The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context, 13(2), 99–110. https://doi.org/10.5093/ejpalc2021a10 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] Johnson, M. K., & Raye, C. L. (1981). Reality monitoring. Psychological Review, 88(1), 67–85. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.88.1.67 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Johnson, M. K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D. S. (1993). Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin, 114(1), 3–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.3 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Simons, J. S., Garrison, J. R., & Johnson, M. K. (2017). Brain mechanisms of reality monitoring. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 21(6), 462–473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2017.03.012 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human contrôle de la réalité monitorage de la réalité monitoring de la réalité "Reality monitoring refers to discriminating memories of internally generated information from memories of externally derived information, such as distinguishing memories for thoughts and imaginations from memories for perceived events." (Johnson et al., 1993, p. 4). « La surveillance de la réalité permet de distinguer les souvenirs d’informations qui ont été générées en interne des souvenirs d’informations provenant du monde extérieur, comme la distinction entre les souvenirs de pensées ou d’événements imaginés et les souvenirs d’événements perçus. » (Johnson et al., 1993, p. 4). reality monitoring surveillance de la réalité Frank Arnould Crowder, R. G. (1968). Intraserial repetition effects in immediate memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 7(2), 446–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(68)80031-3 Jahnke, J. C. (1969). The Ranschburg effect. Psychological Review, 76(6), 592–605. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0028148 Ranschburg, P. (1902). Uber Hemmung gleichzeitiger Reizwirkungen. Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane, 30, 39–86. https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftfrps02psycgoog#page/n52/mode/2up 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Ranschburg effect inhibition par répétition repetition inhibition Moins bon rappel sériel immédiat (omissions ou erreurs de position) d’une courte liste d’items contenant au moins un item répété (ou moins bonne mémoire des items répétés) par rapport à une liste ne contenant pas de répétition. Poorer immediate serial recall (omissions or position errors) of a short list of items containing at least one repeated item (or poorer memory of the repeated items) compared to a list with no repeated items. Ranschburg phenomenon effet Ranschburg Johnson, A. (2018, November 12). Visual Hebb repetition effects: the role of psychological distinctivness revisited. https://osf.io/whz9g Frank Arnould Hebb, D. O. (1961). Distinctive features of learning in the higher animal. In J. F. Delafresnaye (Ed.), Brain Mechanisms and Learning (pp. 37–46). Blackwell. Johnson, A. J., & Miles, C. (2019). Visual hebb repetition effects: The role of psychological distinctiveness revisited. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00017 Mızrak, E., & Oberauer, K. (2021). Working memory recruits long-term memory when it is beneficial: Evidence from the Hebb effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000934 Oberauer, K., Jones, T., & Lewandowsky, S. (2015). The Hebb repetition effect in simple and complex memory span. Memory & Cognition, 43(6), 852–865. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-015-0512-8 2017-12-04 2023-03-18 Hebb repetition effect effet de Hebb effet de répétition de Hebb "The Hebb repetition effect refers to the finding that immediate serial recall is improved over trials for memory lists that are surreptitiously repeated across trials, relative to new lists." (Oberauer et al., 2015, p. 852). Amélioration du rappel sériel immédiat d'une séquence d'items dont la présentation a été subrepticement répétée sur plusieurs essais par rapport au rappel sériel immédiat de séquences non répétées. Hebb effect effet Hebb Frank Arnould Glenberg, A. M. (1976). Monotonic and nonmonotonic lag effects in paired-associate and recognition memory paradigms. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 15(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(76)90002-5 Madigan, S. A. (1969). Intraserial repetition and coding processes in free recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 8(6), 828–835. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(69)80050-2 Melton, A. W. (1970). The situation with respect to the spacing of repetitions and memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 9(5), 596–606. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(70)80107-4 2017-12-04 2018-04-10 Melton effect effet Melton La mémoire d'un item s'améliore quand l'intervalle séparant la répétition de cet item augmente. Memory of an item is better when the interval between the repetition of this item increases. effet d'intervalle lag effect Frank Arnould Cepeda, N. J., Pashler, H., Vul, E., Wixted, J. T., & Rohrer, D. (2006). Distributed practice in verbal recall tasks : A review and quantitative synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(3), 354‑380. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.132.3.354 Gerbier, É., & Koenig, O. (2015). Comment les intervalles temporels entre les répétitions d’une information en influencent-ils la mémorisation ? Revue théorique des effets de pratique distribuée. L’Année Psychologique, 115(3), 435–462. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503315000159 Greene, R. L. (1989). Spacing effects in memory : Evidence for a two-process account. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(3), 371‑377. href="https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.15.3.371 Perruchet, P. (1987). Pourquoi apprend-on mieux quand les répétitions sont espacées ? Une évaluation des réponses contemporaines. L’Année Psychologique, 87(2), 253–272. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1987.29203 2017-12-04 Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] 2022-03-30 Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y Lorsque des éléments sont répétés, ceux qui sont répétés de façon non consécutive (espacée) sont mieux rappelés que ceux qui sont répétés consécutivement. When items are repeated in a list, those which are not consecutively repeated (spaced) are recalled better than those which are repeated consecutively. effet d'espacement spacing effect Frank Arnould Cepeda, N. J., Pashler, H., Vul, E., Wixted, J. T., & Rohrer, D. (2006). Distributed practice in verbal recall tasks : A review and quantitative synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(3), 354‑380. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.132.3.354 2017-12-04 2023-03-20 apprentissage espacé spaced learning spaced restudy Type d’apprentissage durant lequel des périodes de repos séparent les différents essais. Type of learning during which rest periods separate the different trials. apprentissage distribué distributed learning Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-03-29 expérience métamnésique metamemory experience Ability for monitoring, regulating and controlling memory functioning. Aptitude à surveiller, réguler et contrôler le fonctionnement de la mémoire. expériences métamnésiques metamemory experiences métamémoire procédurale procedural metamemory 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould Metcalfe, J. (1990). Composite Holographic Associative Recall Model (CHARM) and blended memories in eyewitness testimony. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 119(2), 145–160. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.119.2.145 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Metcalfe Eich, J. (1982). A composite holographic associative recall model. Psychological Review, 89(6), 627–661. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.89.6.627 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Metcalfe Eich, J. (1985). Levels of processing, encoding specificity, elaboration, and CHARM. Psychological Review, 92(1), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.92.1.1 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-03-16 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human CHARM model modèle CHARM A model of associative memory “based on the idea that items, represented as distributed patterns of features or as vectors, are associated by the operation of convolution. The results are stored by being added into a composite trace and hence "blended" or superimposed. Retrieval occurs by the operation of correlation, which results in a noisy and sometimes systematically distorted output. That output, in recall, is then matched to all of the items in a lexicon, and the best match wins and is given as the recalled item.“ (Metcalfe, 1990, p. 147). Modèle de la mémoire associative « basé sur l'idée que des items, représentés comme des motifs distribués de caractéristiques ou comme des vecteurs, sont associés par une opération de convolution. Les résultats sont stockés en étant ajoutés dans une trace composite et donc "mélangés" ou superposés. La récupération se fait par corrélation, ce qui produit une sortie bruitée et parfois systématiquement déformée. Cette sortie, lors du rappel, est ensuite mise en correspondance avec tous les éléments d'un lexique, et la meilleure correspondance l'emporte et est donnée comme l'élément rappelé. » (Metcalfe, 1990, p. 147). Composite Holographic Associative Recall Model modèle holographique composite du rappel associatif Frank Arnould Craik, F. I. M., & Tulving, E. (1975). Depth of processing and the retention of words in episodic memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 104(3), 268–294. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.104.3.268 Hyde, T. S., & Jenkins, J. J. (1969). The differential effects of incidental tasks on the organization of recall of a list of highly associated words. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 82, 472–481.​ https://doi.org/10.1037/h0028372 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 Incidental learning procedure by directing the subject to process a particular aspect of stimuli (semantic, perceptual, etc.) to highlight the role of levels of processing in memory performance. For example, to guide a subject towards the perceptual aspect, he/she is asked to judge whether the words are written in capital letters; to focus him/her towards the semantic aspect, he/she has to decide if stimuli belong to a semantic category (for example, the animal category). Procédure expérimentale d'apprentissage incident consistant à orienter le sujet vers un aspect particulier des stimuli (sémantique, perceptif...) afin de mettre en évidence le rôle des niveaux de traitement sur la performance de la mémoire. Par exemple, pour orienter un sujet vers l'aspect perceptif de mots, on lui demandera de juger s'ils sont écrits en majuscule ; pour l'orienter vers un traitement sémantique, on exigera un jugement d'appartenance à une catégorie sémantique. orienting tasks tâches d'orientation orienting task tâche d'orientation Eustache F., Desgranges, B., & Lalevée, C. (1998). L’évaluation clinique de la mémoire. Revue Neurologique, 154, S18-32. Eustache, F., Laisney, M., Lalevée, C., Pèlerin, A., Perrotin, A., Egret, S., Chételat, G., & Desgranges, B. (2015). Une nouvelle épreuve de mémoire épisodique: L’épreuve ESR-forme réduite (ESR-r), adaptée du paradigme ESR (encodage, stockage, récupération). Revue de Neuropsychologie, 7(3), 217. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.073.0217 2023-06-14 Frank Arnould 2023-06-14 Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Psychologie Psychology Homme Human ESR paradigm ESR task ESR-r Encoding, Storage, Retrieval paradigm paradigme ESR paradigme Encodage, Stockage, Récupération s-ESR task short ESR task test ESR épreuve ESR épreuve ESR- forme réduite épreuve Encodage, Stockage, Récupération, A neuropsychological test for the assessment of episodic memory in adults based on the principle of encoding specificity and the levels of processing theory. It enables a distinction to be made between impairments in encoding, storage and retrieval. Test neuropsychologique d’évaluation de la mémoire épisodique chez l’adulte, basé sur le principe de la spécificité de l’encodage et sur la théorie des niveaux de traitement, permettant de différencier les troubles de l’encodage, du stockage et de la récupération. A short form of the ESR test is available (Eustache et al., 2015). Une version réduite de l’épreuve ESR est disponible (Eustache et al., 2015). Encoding, Storage, Retrieval test test Encodage, Stockage, Récupération Frank Arnould Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11(6), 671–684. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80001-X Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Niveaux de traitement : un cadre pour la recherche en mémoire. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11(6), 671–684. Traduit dans S. Nicolas & P. Piolino (2010). Anthologie de psychologie de la mémoire humaine (pp. 171-191). De Boeck. Craik, F. I. M., & Tulving, E. (1975). Depth of processing and the retention of words in episodic memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 104(3), 268–294. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.104.3.268 Giboin, A. (1979). Le principe des niveaux de traitement ou principe de profondeur. L’Année Psychologique, 79(2), 623–655. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1979.28289 Morris, C. D., Bransford, J. D., & Franks, J. J. (1977). Levels of processing versus transfer appropriate processing. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 16(5), 519–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(77)80016-9 2017-12-04 2022-07-14 hypothèse des niveaux de traitement levels of processig hypothesis levels of processing model modèle des niveaux de traitement niveaux de traitement Theory proposed by Craik and Lockhart (1972) according to which deeper (e.g. semantic) processing of information produces memory traces that are more durable and resistant to forgetting than shallow (perceptual) processing. Théorie proposée par Craik et Lockhart (1972) selon laquelle un traitement plus profond (par exemple, sémantique) des informations produit des traces mnésiques plus durables et résistantes à l'oubli qu'un traitement superficiel (perceptif). La théorie des niveaux de traitement s'oppose aux théories structurales de la mémoire : elle insiste sur l'idée que ce sont les processus de traitement plutôt que l'existence de différents systèmes de stockage qui sont responsables de la mémorisation. The levels of processing theory is opposed to structural theories of memory: it insists on the idea that it is the encoding processes rather than the existence of different storage systems that are responsible for remembering. levels of processing levels of processing theory théorie des niveaux de traitement Frank Arnould Rendell, P. G., & Craik, F. I. M. (2000). Virtual week and actual week: Age-related differences in prospective memory. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14(7), S43–S62. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.770 2020-11-19 2023-09-04 Event- and time-based prospective memory task. The subject is required to remember to perform daily activities over a simulated period of one week. Tâche de mémoire prospective événementielle et temporelle. Le sujet doit se souvenir de réaliser des activités de la vie quotidienne sur une période simulée d’une semaine. Virtual Week task tâche de la semaine virtuelle 2023-03-07 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Multidisciplinaire Multidisciplinary Animal Animal Homme Human vieillissement mnésique memory aging vieillissement de la mémoire Frank Arnould Kvavilashvili, L., & Ellis, J. (2004). Ecological validity and the real- life/laboratory controversy in memory research: A critical and historical review. History & Philosophy of Psychology, 6(1), 59–80. 2018-04-23 2022-01-12 ecological task ecological test everyday memory task test écologique tâche écologique ​Memory assessment based on tasks that are intended to be as close as possible to the use of memory in everyday life. ​Évaluation de la mémoire reposant sur des épreuves qui se veulent être les plus proches possible de l'utilisation de la mémoire dans la vie quotidienne. ecological assessments ecological tasks ecological tests everyday memory tasks tests écologiques tâches écologiques évaluations écologiques ecological assessment évaluation écologique Frank Arnould Ghosh, V. E., & Gilboa, A. (2014). What is a memory schema? A historical perspective on current neuroscience literature. Neuropsychologia, 53, 104-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.11.010 Gilboa, A., & Marlatte, H. (2017). Neurobiology of schemas and schema-mediated memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 21(8), 618–631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2017.04.013 Ost, J., Udell, J., Dear, S., Zinken, J., Blank, H., & Costall, A. (2022). The serial reproduction of an urban myth: Revisiting Bartlett’s schema theory. Memory, 30(6), 775–783. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2059514 Tse, D., Langston, R. F., Kakeyama, M., Bethus, I., Spooner, P. A., Wood, E. R., Witter, M. P., & Morris, R. G. M. (2007). Schemas and memory consolidation. Science, 316(5821), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1135935 2017-12-04 Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge University Press. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-03-15 représentation schématique schematic representation Les schémas sont des représentations mentales abstraites qui résument et organisent de façon structurée des évènements, des objets, des situations ou des expériences semblables. Les schémas, stockés en mémoire à long terme, permettent d'analyser, de sélectionner, de structurer et d'interpréter des informations nouvelles. Ils servent donc en quelque sorte de modèle, de cadre (pour reprendre l'expression équivalente utilisée en intelligence artificielle) pour traiter l'information et diriger les comportements. Schemas are abstract mental representations that summarize and organize events, objects, situations or similar experiences in a structured way. Schemas, stored in long-term memory, are used to analyze, select, organize and interpret new information, providing a kind of model or frame to process information and guiding behavior. représentations schématiques schemas schematic representations schémas schema schéma Frank Arnould Conway, M. A., & Dewhurst, S. A. (1995). The self and recollective experience. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 9(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350090102 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 SRRE Le souvenir d'une information qui a été traitée par rapport à soi est associé à une expérience subjective de recollection (remémoration consciente des circonstances de mémorisation). Remembering information that has been processed in relation to oneself is associated with a subjective experience of recollection (conscious recollection of the circumstances of memorization). effet de référence à soi recollective self-reference recollection effect Frank Arnould Cunningham, S. J., Turk, D. J., Macdonald, L. M., & Neil Macrae, C. (2008). Yours or mine? Ownership and memory. Consciousness and Cognition, 17(1), 312-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2007.04.003 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 Better memory for objects owned by the subject than for those owned by another person. Meilleure mémoire pour les objets que le sujet possède que pour les objets possédés par une autre personne. effet de propriété ownership effect Frank Arnould Baddeley, A.D. (1986). Working memory. Oxford University Press. Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. J. (2019). The phonological loop as a buffer store: An update. Cortex, 112, 91-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2018.05.015 Gaonac'h, D., Larigauderie, P. (2000). Mémoire et fonctionnement cognitif : la mémoire de travail. Armand Colin 2017-12-04 2022-03-08 Sous-système de la mémoire de travail dans le modèle de Baddeley ayant pour fonction le stockage temporaire des informations verbales. Il est composé du registre phonologique et de la boucle articulatoire. Sub-system of working memory in Baddeley's model, whose function is the temporary storage of verbal information. It is composed of the phonological store and the articulatory loop. boucle phonologique phonological loop Frank Arnould 2020-06-09 Martin, P., Schroeder, R., Olsen, D., Maloy, H., Boettcher, A., Ernst, N., & Okut, H. (2019). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Test of Memory Malingering in adults: Two decades of deception detection. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 1744, 33. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2019.1637027 [Document type: literature review, meta-analysis / Access: closed] Tombaugh, T. N. (1996). Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM). Multi-Health Systems, Inc. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 TOMM Test permettant de distinguer les troubles simulés des troubles réels de la mémoire. Test to distinguish malingered from real memory problems. Test de falsification des souvenirs Test of Memory Malingering Frank Arnould Schwanenflugel, P. J. (1991). Why are abstract concepts hard to understand? In P. J. Schwanenflugel (Ed.), The psychology of word meanings (pp. 223–250). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Schwanenflugel, P. J., Harnishfeger, K. K., & Stowe, R. W. (1988). Context availability and lexical decisions for abstract and concrete words. Journal of Memory and Language, 27(5), 499–520. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(88)90022-8 2017-12-04 2023-07-21 contextual availability model contextual availability theory modèle de la disponibilité contextuelle théorie de la disponibilité contextuelle Hypothèse selon laquelle la mémoire des mots concrets est meilleure que celle des mots abstraits parce qu'un plus grand nombre d'informations contextuelles est associé aux premiers par rapport aux seconds. The hypothesis that memory for concrete words is better than memory for abstract words because a greater amount of contextual information is associated with the former than with the latter. contextual availability disponibilité contextuelle contextual availability hypothesis hypothèse de la disponibilité contextuelle Frank Arnould 2021-06-02 Olsson, N., Juslin, P., & Winman, A. (1998). Realism of confidence in earwitness versus eyewitness identification. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 4, 101–118. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-898X.4.2.101 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Saraiva, R. B., Hope, L., Horselenberg, R., Ost, J., Sauer, J. D., & van Koppen, P. J. (2020). Using metamemory measures and memory tests to estimate eyewitness free recall performance. Memory, 28(1), 94‑106. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1688835 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 C calibration measure C index C measure indice C mesure C mesure de calibrage C Measure representing "how far a given calibration curve is from a perfect calibration. It ranges from 0 (perfect calibration) to 1, and lower values indicate better calibration." (Saraiva et al., 2020, p. 95). Mesure représentant « la distance d'une courbe de calibrage donnée par rapport à un calibrage parfait. Elle va de 0 (calibrage parfait) à 1, des valeurs plus faibles indiquant un meilleur calibrage. » (Saraiva et al., 2020, p. 95). C calibration index indice de calibrage C Frank Arnould 2021-06-02 Saraiva, R. B., Hope, L., Horselenberg, R., Ost, J., Sauer, J. D., & van Koppen, P. J. (2020). Using metamemory measures and memory tests to estimate eyewitness free recall performance. Memory, 28(1), 94‑106. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1688835 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques O/U index O/U measure overconfidence/underconfidence index "Over/underconfidence (O/U) indicates if a curve strays more above or below the perfect calibration line, with values ranging from −1 (very underconfident) to 1 (very overconfident)." (Saraiva et al., 2020, p. 95). La mesure de sur/sousconfiance indique si une courbe de calibration s'écarte davantage au-dessus ou au-dessous de la ligne de calibration parfaite, avec des valeurs allant de -1 (forte sous-confiance) à 1 (forte sur-confiance). (Adapté de Saraiva et al., 2020, p. 95). indice de sur-confiance/sous-confiance indice de sur/sousconfiance over/underconfidence index Frank Arnould Peltokorpi, V., & Hood, A. C. (2019). Communication in theory and research on transactive memory systems : A literature review. Topics in Cognitive Science, 11(4), 644‑667. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12359 Wegner, D. M. (1986). Transactive memory: A contemporary analysis of the group mind. In B. Mullen & G. R. Goethals (Eds.), Theories of group behavior (pp. 185-208). Springer-Verlag. Wegner, D. M., Giuliano, T., & Hertel, P. (1985). Cognitive interdependence in close relationships. In W. J. Ickes (Ed.), Compatible and incompatible relationships (pp. 253-276). Springer-Verlag. 2017-12-04 2023-07-26 système de mémoire transactive transactive memory system Form of collective memory in which memories are distributed among the different partners who shared the same experience. Transactive memory therefore reflects a kind of division of labor between members of a group or a couple in the encoding, storage and retrieval of memories, where each person must be able to know who knows what. Forme de mémoire collective dans laquelle les souvenirs sont répartis entre les différents partenaires ayant partagé une même expérience. La mémoire transactive reflète donc une sorte de division du travail entre les membres d'un groupe ou d'un couple dans l'encodage, le stockage et la récupération de souvenirs, chaque personne devant être capable de savoir qui sait quoi. systèmes de mémoire transactive transactive memory systems mémoire transactive transactive memory Frank Arnould Collins, R. N., & Milliken, B. (2019). The repetition decrement effect in recognition memory : The influence of prime-target spacing. Acta Psychologica, 197, 94‑105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2019.05.009 Collins, R. N., Milliken, B., & Jamieson, R. K. (2020). MINERVA-DE : An instance model of the deficient processing theory. Journal of Memory and Language, 115, 104151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104151 Collins, R., Rosner, T., & Milliken, B. (2018). Remembering « primed » words : The effect of prime encoding demands. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 72, 9‑23. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000138 Rosner, T. M., López-Benítez, R., D’Angelo, M. C., Thomson, D., & Milliken, B. (2018). Remembering “primed” words : A counter-intuitive effect of repetition on recognition memory. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale, 72(1), 24‑37. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000139 2021-06-25 2023-09-04 Dans certaines circonstances, un item présenté deux fois est moins bien reconnu qu'un item présenté qu’une seule fois. Under certain circumstances, an item presented twice is less well recognized than an item presented only once. Dans le paradigme de base utilisé pour mettre en évidence l’effet du décrément des répétitions, les chercheurs présentent aux participants des paires de mots. Le premier mot d’une paire (écrit en vert) sert d’amorce et le second est la cible (écrit en rouge). Pendant la première phase de l’expérience, les sujets sont invités à lire à haute voix uniquement les mots cibles. Dans certains cas, les mots dans les paires sont identiques (ALARM – ALARM), dans d’autres cas, ils sont différents (ALARM – BRICK). Les participants répondent ensuite à un test-surprise de reconnaissance dans lequel ils doivent distinguer les mots cibles de mots nouveaux. Les résultats indiquent que les mots répétés sont moins bien reconnus que les mots présentés une seule fois (Collins & Milliken, 2019). In the basic paradigm for demonstrating the repetition decrement effect, researchers present participants with pairs of words. The first word in a pair is the prime (written in green) and the second is the target (written in red). During the first phase of the experiment, subjects are asked to read aloud only the target words. In some cases the words in the pairs are identical (ALARM - ALARM), in other cases they are different (ALARM - BRICK). Participants then take a surprise recognition test in which they have to distinguish target words from new words. The results indicate that repeated words are less well recognized than words presented only once (Collins & Milliken, 2019). effet du décrément des répétitions repetition decrement effect Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Thomson, D. M., & Tulving, E. (1970). Associative encoding and retrieval: Weak and strong cues. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 86(2), 255–262. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029997 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Tulving, E., & Thomson, D. M. (1973). Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory. Psychological Review, 80(5), 352–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0020071 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Tulving, E., & Thomson, D. M. (1973). Encodage spécifique et processus de récupération en mémoire épisodique. Psychological Review, 80(5), 352–373. Traduit dans Nicolas, S., & Piolino, M. P. (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire: Fonctionnalisme et structuralisme (pp. 193-227). De Boeck Supérieur. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-03-15 principe de l'encodage spécifique "Specific encoding operations performed on what is perceived determine what is stored, and what is stored determines what retrieval cues are effective in providing access to what is stored." (Tulving & Thompson, 1973, p. 369). « Les opérations d'encodage spécifiques effectuées sur ce qui est perçu déterminent ce qui est stocké, et ce qui est stocké détermine quels indices de récupération sont efficaces pour donner accès à ce qui est stocké. » (Tulving & Thompson, 1973, p. 369). Le principe de la spécificité de l’encodage suggère une dépendance entre le contexte d’encodage et le contexte de récupération des informations. La réinstallation d’un indice contextuel présent au moment de l’encodage pendant la phase de test de la mémoire améliore la récupération d’une information en mémoire. The encoding specificity principle suggests a link between the encoding context and the retrieval context of information. The reinstatement of a contextual cue present at the time of encoding during the retrieval phase enhances the recovery of information from memory. encodage spécifique encoding specificity spécificité de l'encodage encoding specificity principle principe de la spécificité de l'encodage Frank Arnould 2022-05-11 Doss, M. K., Picart, J. K., & Gallo, D. A. (2018). The dark side of context: Context reinstatement can distort memory. Psychological Science, 29(6), 914–925. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797617749534 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Smith, S. M., & Vela, E. (2001). Environmental context-dependent memory: A review and meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8(2), 203–220. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196157 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open] 2023-09-05 episodic context reinstatement mental reinstatement of context restauration du contexte épisodique A memory aid that consists of mentally replacing oneself in the physical or emotional context of an event in order to facilitate its recollection. Stratégie consistant pour la personne à se replacer mentalement dans le contexte physique ou émotionnel d'un événement pour en faciliter le souvenir. La restauration mentale du contexte facilite généralement la récupération en mémoire d’événements vécus. Elle constitue l’une des aides mnémoniques de l’Entretien cognitif avec le témoin oculaire. Cependant, certains travaux indiquent qu’elle pourrait aussi exercer, dans certaines circonstances, une influence négative sur la mémoire (par exemple, Doss et al., 2018). The mental context reinstatement generally facilitates the retrieval of experienced events. It is one of the mnemonic aids implemented in the Cognitive Interview with the eyewitness. However, under certain circumstances, the strategy may also exert a negative influence on memory (e.g., Doss et al., 2018). mental context reinstatement restauration mentale du contexte Melis, V., Otgaar, H., Moldoveanu, M. G., Albuquerque, P. B., Shahvaroughi, A., Tormann, L., … Lipoff, E. (2022, April 27). Implanting false memory for repeated events : a New Method. https://osf.io/v6gu5 2022-09-02 Frank Arnould Otgaar, H., Moldoveanu, G., Melis, V., & Howe, M. L. (2022). A new method to implant false autobiographical memories: Blind implantation. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 11(4), 580–586. https://doi.org/10.1037/mac0000028 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-06-15 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human Implantation method of a false autobiographical memory. "participants received information that they experienced five events and that these events were selected because they previously indicated they experienced the events. Out of the five events, one was falsely suggested as being experienced, while actually the participants indicated that they did not experience it." (Otgaar et al., p. 583, 2022). Méthode d'implantation d'un faux souvenir autobiographique. « Les participants reçoivent comme information qu'ils ont vécu cinq événements et que ces événements avaient été sélectionnés parce qu'ils avaient précédemment indiqué les avoir vécus. Sur les cinq événements, l'un d'entre eux a été faussement suggéré comme ayant été vécu, alors qu'en réalité les participants ont indiqué que ce n'était pas le cas. » (Otgaar et al., p. 583, 2022). implantation aveugle blind implantation method méthode d'implantation aveugle Frank Arnould Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. J. (1974). Working memory. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 8, p. 47-89). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60452-1 2017-12-04 2022-03-08 articulatory rehearsal process boucle de récapitulation articulatoire processus de répétition articulatoire Dans le modèle de Baddeley de la mémoire de travail, la boucle articulatoire est un composant de la boucle phonologique. Elle est supposée permettre le rafraîchissement des informations en mémoire de travail (répétition mentale) ainsi que le recodage phonologique des informations verbales présentées visuellement. La mise en évidence de la boucle articulatoire repose notamment sur les effets de suppression articulatoire et de longueur du mot. In Baddeley's model of working memory, the articulatory loop is a component of the phonological loop. It is thought to refresh information in working memory (mental rehearsal) and enable the phonological recoding of visually presented verbal information . The identification of the articulatory loop is based in particular on the articulatory suppression and word length effects. articulatory loop boucle articulatoire Frank Arnould Schmidt, S. R. (1991). Can we have a distinctive theory of memory? Memory & Cognition, 19(6), 523-542. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197149 2018-07-31 2023-04-03 effet de distinctivité intraliste intralist distinctiveness effect Distinctiveness effect that occurs when an item is distinctive from its immediate context. Effet de distinctivité qui se manifeste quand un item se distingue par rapport à son contexte immédiat. effet de distinctivité primaire primary distinctiveness effect Frank Arnould Schmidt, S. R. (1991). Can we have a distinctive theory of memory? Memory & Cognition, 19(6), 523-542. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197149 2018-07-31 2023-04-03 effet de distinctivité extraliste extralist distinctiveness effect Distinctiveness effect that occurs when an item is distinctive from the knowledge stored in long-term memory. Effet de distinctivité qui se manifeste quand un item se distingue par rapport aux connaissances stockées en mémoire à long terme. effet de distinctivité secondaire secondary distinctiveness effect Frank Arnould Brown, G. D. A., Neath, I., & Chater, N. (2007). A temporal ratio model of memory. Psychological Review, 114(3), 539-576. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.3.539 Neath, I., & Brown, G. D. A. (2006). SIMPLE: Further applications of a local distinctiveness model of memory. In Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 46, p. 201–243). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(06)46006-0 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Scale Independent Memory, Perception and Learning model Scale Invariant Memory and Perceptual Learning model A computational model of memory with local distinctiveness. In SIMPLE, information retrieval is independent of the time scale. Therefore, the model applies to both short-term and to long-term memory. Modèle computationnel de la mémoire à distinctivité locale. Dans SIMPLE, la récupération des informations est indépendante de l'échelle temporelle. Les principes du modèle s'appliquent donc aussi bien à la récupération en mémoire à court terme qu'en mémoire à long terme. SIMPLE model modèle SIMPLE Frank Arnould Chee, Q. W., & Goh, W. D. (2018). What explains the von Restorff effect? Contrasting distinctive processing and retrieval cue efficacy. Journal of Memory and Language, 99, 49–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2017.11.002 Hunt, R. R. (1995). The subtlety of distinctiveness: What von Restorff really did. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 2(1), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03214414 MacLeod, C. M. (2020). Zeigarnik and von Restorff: The memory effects and the stories behind them. Memory & Cognition, 48(6), 1073–1088. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01033-5 Restorff, H. von. (1933). Über die Wirkung von Bereichsbildungen im Spurenfeld. Psychologische Forschung, 18(1), 299–342. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02409636 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 effet d'isolement isolation effect Better memory for a distinctive item compared to the other items. This item is distinctive according to its immediate context (e.g. a word written in red among words written in black). Effet montrant que la mémoire est meilleure pour un item qui se distingue des autres éléments à mémoriser. Cet élément se distingue ici des autres en fonction de son contexte immédiat (par exemple, un mot écrit en rouge par rapport aux autres mots écrits en noir). effet von Restorff von Restorff effect Frank Arnould Tulving, E., & Pearlstone, Z. (1966). Availability versus accessibility of information in memory for words. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 5(4), 381–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(66)80048-8 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Distinction indicating that information can be stored in memory (i.e., it is available) even though it may be, at least temporarily, inaccessible to the subject. Distinction indiquant qu’une information peut être stockée en mémoire (elle est donc disponible) bien qu’elle puisse être, au moins temporairement, inaccessible pour le sujet. accessibility/availability accessibilité/disponibilité Frank Arnould Hart, J. T. (1965). Memory and the feeling-of-knowing experience. Journal of Educational Psychology, 56(4), 208‑216. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0022263 Souchay, C. (2013). Métamémoire et troubles de la mémoire : L’exemple du feeling-of-knowing. Revue de neuropsychologie, 5(4), 265‑272. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2013.0282 2017-12-04 2022-04-04 FOK sentiment de savoir A metamemory judgment by which a subject predicts the possibility of recognizing an item that he or she was unable to recall. Jugement métamnésique par lequel un sujet prédit la possibilité de reconnaitre un item qu'il n'a pas pu rappeler. FOKs feeling of knowing judgments feelings of knowing jugements de connaissance feeling of knowing judgment jugement de connaissance Frank Arnould Bilgin, E., Adıgüzel, Z., Göksun, T., & Gülgöz, S. (in press). The cost of changing language context: The language-dependent recall of fictional stories. Memory & Cognition. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-023-01415-5 Marian, V., & Fausey, C. M. (2006). Language-dependent memory in bilingual learning. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 20(8), 1025-1047. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1242 2017-12-04 2023-03-30 Bilingual people remember words or texts better when they are tested in the same language that was used during the presentation of the material. Les personnes bilingues se souviennent mieux de mots ou de textes quand elles sont testées dans le même langage que celui qui a servi à la présentation du matériel. language dependent memory language-dependent memory mémoire dépendante du langage Frank Arnould Friedman, W. J. (1993). Memory for the time of past events. Psychological Bulletin, 113(1), 44–66. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.113.1.44 2017-12-04 2022-08-24 mémoire de l'ordre temporel mémoire du temps souvenir temporel temporal order memory time memory Generic term to designate any form of memory of temporal information (duration, temporal order, dating of an event, etc.). Terme générique pour désigner toute forme de mémoire d'une information temporelle (durée, ordre temporel, datation d'un évènement...). souvenirs temporels temporal memories mémoire temporelle temporal memory Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Howe, M. L., Wimmer, M. C., Gagnon, N., & Plumpton, S. (2009). An associative-activation theory of children’s and adults’ memory illusions. Journal of Memory and Language, 60(2), 229-251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2008.10.00 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Otgaar, H., Muris, P., Howe, M. L., & Merckelbach, H. (2017). What drives false memories in psychopathology? A case for associative activation. Clinical Psychological Science, 5(6), 1048–1069. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702617724424 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Merckelbach, H., & Muris, P. (2018). Who is the better eyewitness? Sometimes adults but at other times children. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27(5), 378–385. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721418770998 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Muris, P., & Merckelbach, H. (2019). Associative activation as a mechanism underlying false memory formation. Clinical Psychological Science, 7(2), 191–195. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702618807189 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 La théorie de l'activation associative (TAA) « propose que tout au long du développement, les individus acquièrent de nouvelles connaissances et apprennent de nouvelles informations. La conséquence en est que leur base de connaissances devient plus élaborée, plus interreliée et plus dense. Selon la TAA, une base de connaissances est constituée de nœuds interdépendants qui contiennent des représentations d'informations (par exemple, des souvenirs autobiographiques). Lorsqu'une personne fait l'expérience d'un événement, ces nœuds sont déclenchés par une activation associative. Les liens entre ces nœuds se renforceront et l'activation associative sera plus rapide et plus automatique au fur et à mesure du développement et de l'acquisition de nouvelles connaissances. La TAA postule qu'au cours du processus d'activation associative, des nœuds seront activés pour représenter des concepts d'information qui n'ont pas été réellement vécus, conduisant ainsi à la formation de faux souvenirs. » (Otgaar et al., 2017, p. 1052). The associative activation theory (AAT) "proposes that throughout the course of development, people acquire new knowledge and learn new information. The consequence of this is that their knowledge base becomes more elaborated, interrelated, and dense. According to AAT, a knowledge base consists of interrelated nodes that contain representations of information (e.g., autobiographical memories). When someone experiences an event, these nodes will be triggered by associative activation. The links between these nodes will become stronger and associative activation will be faster and more automatic as development proceeds and new knowledge is acquired. AAT posits that during the process of associative activation, nodes will be activated that represent concepts of information that were not really experienced, thereby leading to the formation of false memories." (Otgaar et al., 2017, p. 1052). . associative-activation theory théorie de l'activation associative Frank Arnould Morris, C. D., Bransford, J. D., & Franks, J. J. (1977). Levels of processing versus transfer appropriate processing. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 16(5), 519–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(77)80016-9 Roediger, H., Weldon, M., & Challis, B. (1989). Explaining dissociations between implicit and explicit measures of retention: A processing account. In H. L. Roediger & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), Varieties of memory and consciousness: Essays in honor of Endel Tulving (pp. 3–41). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 2017-12-04 2022-05-16 principe du transfert approprié de processus traitement approprié au transfert transfer-appropriate processing transfert approprié de processus Principe selon lequel la mémoire est meilleure si le mode d’encodage et le mode de récupération des informations sont les mêmes (par exemple, un encodage des caractéristiques sémantiques des items et un test de récupération faisant appel à ces connaissances sémantiques). Principle according to which memory is better if the mode of encoding and the mode of retrieval of information are the same (for example, encoding of the semantic characteristics of items and retrieval test using this semantic knowledge). principe du traitement approprié au transfert transfer-appropriate processing principle 2023-06-30 Frank Arnould Demarchi, S., Py, J., Groud-Than, S., Parain, T., & Brunel, M. (2013). Describing a face without overshadowing effect : Another benefice of the Person Description Interview. Psychologie Française, 58(2), 123–133. doi:10.1016/j.psfr.2013.01.002 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Demarchi, S., & Py, J. (2009). A method to enhance person description : A field study. In R. Bull, T. Valentine, & T. Williamson (Eds.), Handbook of Psychology of Investigative Interviewing (pp. 241–256). Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-06-30 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human EDP PDI An interview used to elicit a more complete description of a face from memory, particularly from eyewitnesses, using two instructions: description of the person globally and then recalling specific elements (general to local instruction), followed by a description of the face from the bottom to the top (bottom-to-top instruction). Méthode d'entretien permettant d'obtenir une description de mémoire plus complète d'un visage, en particulier pendant le recueil d'un témoignage oculaire, à l'aide de deux consignes : décription de la personne de manière globale puis spécifique, puis décription de son visage en partant vers le bas et en remontant vers le haut. Entretien de description des personnes Person Description Interview Frank Arnould Oppenheimer, D. M. (2008). The secret life of fluency. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 12(6), 237–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2008.02.014 Undorf, M. (2020). Fluency illusions in metamemory. In A. M. Cleary & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Memory Quirks : The study of odd phenomena in memory (p. 150‑174). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429264498-12 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 cognitive fluency fluence cognitive Judgment of the ease or difficulty with which a cognitive task is performed. Jugement de la facilité ou de la difficulté avec laquelle une tâche cognitive est réalisée. fluence du traitement processing fluency Frank Arnould Cubelli, R., & Della Sala, S. (2020). Definition : Implicit memory. Cortex, 125, 345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.01.011 Dew, I. T. Z., & Cabeza, R. (2011). The porous boundaries between explicit and implicit memory : Behavioral and neural evidence. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1224(1), 174‑190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05946.x Graf, P., & Schacter, D. L. (1985). Implicit and explicit memory for new associations in normal and amnesic subjects. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 11(3), 501-518. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.11.3.501 Hannula, D. E., Minor, G. N., & Slabbekoorn, D. (in press). Conscious awareness and memory systems in the brain. WIREs Cognitive Science, n/a(n/a), e1648. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1648 Nicolas, S. (1994). Réflexions autour du concept de mémoire implicite. L’Année Psychologique, 94(1), 63-79. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1994.28736 Roediger, H. L. I., Guynn, M. J., & Jones, T. C. (1994). Implicit memory: A tutorial review. In G. d’Ydewalle, P. Eelen, & P. Bertelson (Eds.), International perspectives on psychological science, Vol. 2: The state of the art. (1994-98095-004; pp. 67–94). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Schacter, D. L. (1987). Implicit memory: History and current status. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 13(3), 501-518. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.13.3.501 Warrington, E. K., & Weiskrantz, L. (1970). Amnesic syndrome: Consolidation or retrieval? Nature, 228(5272), 628–630. https://doi.org/10.1038/228628a0 2017-12-04 2023-04-05 "A memory is defined implicit when the learned information is retrieved and used without awareness of remembering it and with no reference to the learning phase. Implicit memory refers to the retrieval phase and should not be confused with covert learning without formal instructions (e.g., statistical learning)." (Cubelli & Dalla Sala, 2020, p. 345). « La mémoire est dite implicite lorsque l'information apprise est récupérée et utilisée sans conscience de s'en souvenir et sans référence à la phase d'apprentissage. La mémoire implicite fait référence à la phase de récupération et ne doit pas être confondue avec l'apprentissage implicite sans instructions formelles (par exemple, l'apprentissage statistique). » (Cubelli & Dalla Sala, 2020, p. 345). implicit memory mémoire implicite Caron-Diotte, M., & de la Sablonnière, R. (2021, June 22). The malleability of collective memories: One year after the Tulip Revolution in Kyrgyzstan. https://osf.io/765cp/ Coman, A. (2018, December 18). Bridge ties bind collective memories. https://osf.io/fxky4/ Coman, A. (2019, May 8). An experimental study of the formation of collective memories in social networks. https://osf.io/epncq/ Hacibektaşoğlu, D. D. (2021, March 29). The Impact of Group Identity on the Interaction between Collective Memory and Collective Future Thinking Negativity: Evidence from a Turkish Sample. https://osf.io/3wyk9/ Szpunar, K. (2019, July 25). Shrikanth and Szpunar, 2019, personal and collective memory, data. https://osf.io/2t86b/ TESS-Experiments. (2021, October 21). Collective Memory and Autobiographical Memory: Bridging the Divide. https://osf.io/vhycz/ Frank Arnould Barash, J. A. (2017). Collective memory. In S. Bernecker & K. Michaelian (Eds.), Routledge handbook of philosophy of memory (pp. 255–267). London: Routledge. Bouchat, P., & Klein, O. (2019). Se souvenir ensemble : La mémoire collective à travers le prisme de la psychologie sociale. Cahiers de psychologie clinique, n° 53(2), 183‑204. Burnell, R., Umanath, S., & Garry, M. (in press). Collective memories serve similar functions to autobiographical memories. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2154804 Gensburger, S., & Lefranc, S. (Eds.). (2023). La mémoire collective en question(s). Presses Universitaires de France. Halbwachs, M. (1925). Les cadres sociaux de la mémoire. Alcan. Halbwachs, M. (1950). La mémoire collective. Presses Universitaires de France. Heux, L., Caparos, C., Souchay, C., Luciani, I., Tree, J., Granet-Abisset, A.-M., & Clifford, R. (2023). Étudier la mémoire collective en psychologie et en histoire. In I. Luciani & C. Souchay (Éds.), La mémoire à l’épreuve de l’interdisciplinarité : Sciences humaines et cognitives. (pp. 75–124). Presses Universitaires de Provence. Hirst, W., & Manier, D. (2008). Towards a psychology of collective memory. Memory, 16(3), 183-200. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701811912 Hirst, W., Yamashiro, J. K., & Coman, A. (2018). Collective memory from a psychological perspective. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 22(5), 438–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2018.02.010 Laikhuram, P. (2022). Collective memory: Metaphor or real? Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12124-022-09683-7 Merck, C., & Hirst, W. (2022). Distinguishing collective memory and history: A community’s identity and history are derived from distinct sources. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 11(4), 598–609. https://doi.org/10.1037/mac0000029 Michaelian, K., & Perrin, D. (2023). La métaphysique de la mémoire collective. In I. Luciani & C. Souchay (Éds.), La mémoire à l’épreuve de l’interdisciplinarité : Sciences humaines et cognitives. (pp. 27–54). Presses Universitaires de Provence. Rajaram, S. (2022). Collective memory and the individual mind. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 26(12), 1056‑1058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2022.09.014 Roediger, H. L., & DeSoto, K. A. (2015). Understanding the relation between confidence and accuracy in reports from memory. In D. S. Lindsay, C. M. Kelley, A. P. Yonelinas, & H. L. Roediger (Eds.), Remembering: Attributions, processes, and control in human memory: Papers in honor of Larry L. Jacoby (p. 347 - 367). Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Roediger, H. L. (2021). Three facets of collective memory. American Psychologist, 76(9), 1388‑1400. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000938 Wertsch, J. V., & III, H. L. R. (2008). Collective memory: Conceptual foundations and theoretical approaches. Memory, 16(3), 318-326. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701801434 2017-12-04 Heux, L., Rathbone, C., Gensburger, S., Clifford, R., & Souchay, C. (2023). Collective memory and autobiographical memory: Perspectives from the humanities and cognitive sciences, 14(3), e1635. WIREs Cognitive Science, e1635. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1635 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-07-26 mémoire sociale social memory souvenir collectif Memories shared by a social group which contribute to its identity. Souvenirs partagés par un groupe social et qui contribuent à son identité. According to Hirst et al. (2018, p. 439): “Definitions of collective memory abound. Generally, they fall into two classes: one that treats collective memories as consisting of publicly available symbols maintained by society […], and another that defines collective memory as individual memories shared by members of a community that bear on the collective identity of that community.“ Selon Hirst et al. (2018, p. 439) : « Les définitions de la mémoire collective abondent. Généralement, elles se répartissent en deux classes : l'une qui aborde les souvenirs collectifs comme étant constitués de symboles publiquement disponibles et entretenus par la société [...], et l'autre qui définit la mémoire collective comme étant des souvenirs individuels partagés par les membres d'une communauté et qui portent sur l'identité collective de cette communauté. » collective memories mémoires collectives social memories souvenirs collectifs collective memory mémoire collective Frank Arnould Brown, N. R. (2016). Transition theory: A minimalist perspective on the organization of autobiographical memory. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 5(2), 128–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2016.03.005 Brown, N. R. (2023). Autobiographical memory and the self: A transition theory perspective. WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(3), e1621. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1621 Brown, N., Schweickart, O., & Svob, C. (2016). The effect of collective transitions on the organization and contents of autobiographical memory : A transition-theory perspective. The American Journal of Psychology, 129. https://doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.129.3.0259 Svob, C., Brown, N. R., Takšić, V., Katulić, K., & Žauhar, V. (2016). Intergenerational transmission of historical memories and social-distance attitudes in post-war second-generation Croatians. Memory & Cognition, 44(6), 846–855. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-016-0607-x 2020-06-26 2023-06-14 A theory on how historical events shape memory. "[...] memory is organized by events that signal or cause marked changes in the ordinary circumstances of daily life; such events are called transitions". (Svob et al., 2016, p. 848). Théorie sur la manière dont des évènements historiques façonnent la mémoire. « [...] la mémoire est organisée par des événements qui indiquent ou provoquent des changements marquants dans les circonstances ordinaires de la vie quotidienne ; ces événements sont appelés des transitions. » (Svob et al., 2016, p. 848). théorie de la transition transition theory Frank Arnould Atkinson, R. C., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1968). Human memory : A proposed system and its conrtol processes. In K. W. Spence & J. T. Spence (Éds.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 2, p. 89‑195). Academic Press. http://cogs.indiana.edu/FestschriftForRichShiffrin/pubs/1968%20Human%20Memory.%20Atkinson,%20Shiffrin.pdf 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 LTM compartiment à long terme delayed memory long-term retention long-term storage long-term store magasin à long terme mémoire différée mémoire permanente mémoire secondaire mémoire à distance permanent memory remote memory rétention à long terme secondary memory souvenir à long terme stockage à long terme A storage system with theoretically unlimited capacity in which information is permanently held. Système de stockage à capacité indéfinie, théoriquement illimitée, et dans lequel l'information est détenue de façon durable. long term memories long term memory long term retention long term storage long term store souvenirs à long terme long-term memory mémoire à long terme Frank Arnould Ebbinghaus, H. (1885). Über das Gedächtnis. Untersuchungen zur experimentellen Psychologie. Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot. http://archive.org/details/berdasgedchtnis01ebbigoog Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/1913). Memory: A contribution to experimental psychology. Columbia University. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Ebbinghaus/index.htm Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/2010). La mémoire : recherches de psychologie experimentale (trad. S. Nicolas). L'harmattan. 2017-12-04 2023-03-20 blocked learning massed restudy Type d’apprentissage sans périodes de repos entre les différents essais. Type of learning without rest periods between trials. apprentissage massé massed learning Hitchcock, C. (2020, September 18). Autobiographical Memory Flexibility in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. https://osf.io/9pxqw/ Hitchcock, C. (2021). Proof-of-concept for the autobiographical Memory Flexibility (MemFlex) intervention for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/U2HQF Frank Arnould Hitchcock, C., Smith, A. J., Elliott, R., O’Leary, C., Gormley, S., Parker, J., Patel, S. D., Esteves, C. V., Rodrigues, E., Hammond, E., Watson, P., Werner-Seidler, A., & Dalgleish, T. (2021). A randomized, controlled proof-of-concept trial evaluating durable effects of memory flexibility training (MemFlex) on autobiographical memory distortions and on relapse of recurrent major depressive disorder over 12 months. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 140, 103835. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2021.103835 Moradi, A. R., Piltan, M., Choobin, M. H., Azadfallah, P., Watson, P., Dalgleish, T., & Hitchcock, C. (2021). Proof of concept for the Autobiographical Memory Flexibility (MemFlex) intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder. Clinical Psychological Science, 9(4), 686‑698. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702620982576 2021-08-07 2023-09-04 Autobiographical Memory Flexibility intervention MemFlex MemFlex MemFlex vise à améliorer la récupération des souvenirs autobiographiques spécifiques et généraux et le passage flexible entre ces deux types de souvenirs. L’intervention cherche également à améliorer le biais mnésique de négativité associé à la dépression (d’après Hitchcock et al., 2021). “MemFlex aims to improve retrieval of, and flexible movement between, both specific and general memory types. In addition, the intervention seeks to ameliorate the negative memory bias associated with depression.” (Hithcock et al., 2021, p. 2). Memory Flexibility intervention intervention sur la flexibilité mnésique Frank Arnould Davis, S. W., Wing, E. A., & Cabeza, R. (2018). Contributions of the ventral parietal cortex to declarative memory. In G. Vallar & H. B. Coslett (Eds.), Handbook of Clinical Neurology (Vol. 151, p. 525‑553). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63622-5.00027-9 2020-05-28 2023-03-14 VPC cortex pariétal postérieur ventral inferior parietal lobule lobule parietal inférieur lobule parietal inférieur ventral ventral inferior parietal lobule ventral posterior parietal cortex Region of the posterior parietal cortex comprising the supramarginal gyrus and the angular gyrus. Région du cortex pariétal postérieur comprenant le gyrus supramarginal et le gyrus angulaire. cortex pariétal ventral ventral parietal cortex Frank Arnould Dritschel, B. H., Williams, J. M. G., Baddeley, A. D., & Nimmo-Smith, I. (1992). Autobiographical fluency: A method for the study of personal memory. Memory & cognition, 20(2), 133–140. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197162 Rathbone, C. J., & Moulin, C. J. A. (2014). Measuring autobiographical fluency in the self-memory system. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 67(9), 1661-1667. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2014.913069 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 autobiographical verbal fluency task tâche de fluence verbale autobiographique Méthode d'étude de la mémoire autobiographique. Pour différentes périodes de vie, les sujets sont invités à se remémorer des souvenirs autobiographiques épisodiques (événements vécus) et sémantiques (noms de personnes) en un temps donné. Cette tâche permet donc d'appréhender la facilité avec laquelle ces différents souvenirs reviennent à l'esprit. Study method of autobiographical memory. For different periods of life, subjects are asked to recall autobiographical episodic (experienced events) and semantic (person names) memories in a given time. This task is used to assess the ease with which these memories come to mind. autobiographical fluency tasks tâches de fluence autobiographique autobiographical fluency task tâche de fluence autobiographique Frank Arnould Koppel, J., & Berntsen, D. (2015). The peaks of life: The differential temporal locations of the reminiscence bump across disparate cueing methods. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 4(1), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2014.11.004 Koppel, J., & Berntsen, D. (2016). The reminiscence bump in autobiographical memory and for public events : A comparison across different cueing methods. Memory, 24(1), 44–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2014.985233 2019-09-23 2022-03-31 Method for studying autobiographical memory. Subjects are asked to report particularly significant memories from their lives. Méthode d’étude de la mémoire autobiographique. Les sujets sont invités à rapporter des souvenirs de leur vie particulièrement significatifs. important memories method méthode des souvenirs importants Frank Arnould Enz, K. F., Pillemer, D. B., & Johnson, K. M. (2016). The relocation bump: Memories of middle adulthood are organized around residential moves. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 145(8), 935–940. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000188 2017-12-04 2021-06-30 Chez les adultes âgés, augmentation du nombre de souvenirs autobiographiques pour la période de leur vie au cours de laquelle un changement de domicile important est intervenu. In older adults, increase in the number of autobiographical memories for the period of their life when an important change of residence occurred. pic de relocalisation relocation bump Frank Arnould Berntsen, D., & Rubin, D. C. (2004). Cultural life scripts structure recall from autobiographical memory. Memory & Cognition, 32(3), 427–442. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03195836 Janssen, S., & Haque, S. (2015). Cultural life scripts in autobiographical memory. In E. Sheppard & S. Haque (Eds.), Culture and cognition : A collection of critical essays (p. 27–44). Peter Lang. 2017-12-04 2022-05-06 cultural life script scénario de vie culturel Dans le cadre de travaux sur la mémoire autobiographique, Berntsen et Rubin (2004) ont défini les scénarios de vie comme des représentations culturellement partagées et prototypiques de la succession temporelle des évènements majeurs de la vie. In autobiographical memory, culturally-shared and prototypical representations of the temporal sequences of major life events. cultural life scripts life scripts scénarios de vie scénarios de vie culturels life script scénario de vie Frank Arnould Scott, L. S., & Fava, E. (2013). The own-species face bias: A review of developmental and comparative data. Visual Cognition, 21(9-10), 1364–1391. https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2013.821431 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 other-species effect Biais indiquant que les personnes reconnaissent mieux les visages d’individus de leur propre espèce (par exemple, l’espèce humaine) que ceux d’une espèce différente (par exemple, des primates non humains). Bias indicating that people recognize the faces of individuals from their own species (e.g. humans) better than those from a different species (e.g. non-human primates). biais lié à l’espèce d’appartenance own-species bias Osth, A. F., & Farrell, S. (2018, August 2). Using response time distributions and race models to characterize primacy and recency effects in free recall initiation. https://osf.io/bkjqn Frank Arnould Glanzer, M., & Cunitz, A. R. (1966). Two storage mechanisms in free recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 5(4), 351‑360. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(66)80044-0 Murdock, B. B. Jr. (1962). The serial position effect of free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 64(5), 482–488. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045106 2017-12-04 Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] 2023-03-22 Activité interférente entre chaque présentation d’item : réduit l’effet Amnésie antérograde : pas d'effet de primauté Anterograde amnesia: no primacy effect Association between items in the list: similar items accentuate the effect Association entre éléments de la liste : les items similaires accentuent l’effet Fréquence des mots : les mots communs accentuent l’effet comparativement aux mots rares Imaginabilité des mots : Les mots qui sont plus faciles à visualiser mentalement renforcent l’effet Interfering activity between each item presentation: decrease of the effect. List length : the effect is reduced when the number of items in the list increases Longueur de la liste : l’effet se réduit quand le nombre d’éléments dans la liste augmente Presentation rate: the effect is reduced when the item presentation rate increases. Type de rappel : en rappel sériel, l’effet de primauté est plus important que l’effet de récence Type of recall: in serial recall, the primacy effect is larger than the recency effect. Vitesse de présentation des items : l’effet se réduit quand la vitesse de présentation des items augmente Word frequency: common words accentuate the effect compared to rare words Word imaginability: words that are easier to visualize mentally enhance the effect. Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y law of primacy loi de primauté principe de primauté principle of primacy Better memory for the first items in a list. Meilleure mémoire pour les premiers items d'une liste. effet de primauté primacy effect Frank Arnould McCrary, J. W., & Hunter, W. S. (1953). Serial position curves in verbal learning. Science, 117(3032), 131–134. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.117.3032.131 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Hunter-McCrary law loi de Hunter-McCrary Hypothèse selon laquelle, quand la proportion d'erreurs pour chaque position sérielle dans une liste est utilisée comme mesure de l'apprentissage sériel, les courbes de position sérielle auraient toujours la même forme dans des conditions expérimentales différentes : le pourcentage d'erreurs est plus élevé pour les items en milieu de liste que pour les items placés en début ou en fin de liste. The hypothesis that, when the proportion of errors for each serial position in the list is used as a measure of serial learning, serial position curves always have the same form in different experimental conditions: the percentage of errors is higher for the items in the middle of the list than for items placed at the beginning or end of the list. Hunter-McCrary hypothesis hypothèse de Hunter-McCrary Frank Arnould Brodie, D. A., & Murdock Jr., B. B. (1977). Effect of presentation time on nominal and functional serial-position curves of free recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 16(2), 185-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(77)80046-7 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 A curve that represents the probability of recall of an item based on the position of the last rehearsal of that item by the subject. Courbe montrant la probabilité de rappel d'un item en fonction de la position de la dernière répétition de cet item effectuée par le sujet. courbe de position sérielle fonctionnelle functional serial position curve Frank Arnould Kahana, M. J. (2012). Foundations of human memory. Oxford University Press. 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 A curve representing the performance of the serial recall as a function of the position of the items in the study list when the serial recall is performed from the beginning to the end of the list. Courbe indiquant la précision du rappel sériel en fonction de la position des items dans la liste d’étude quand le rappel sériel s’effectue du début vers la fin de la liste (effet de primauté et effet de récence). courbe de position sérielle antérograde forward serial position curve Frank Arnould Kahana, M. J. (2012). Foundations of human memory. Oxford University Press. 2017-12-04 2023-04-03 courbe de position sérielle à rebours A curve showing the performance of the serial recall as a function of the position of the items in the study list when the serial recall is performed from the end to the beginning of the list. Courbe indiquant la précision du rappel sériel en fonction de la position des items dans la liste d’étude quand le rappel sériel s’effectue de la fin vers le début de la liste. L’effet de récence est renforcé alors que l’effet de primauté est réduit. backward serial position curves courbes de position sérielle rétrograde courbes de position sérielle à rebours backward serial position curve courbe de position sérielle rétrograde Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Task used to study the priming effect. Participants are asked to complete words with missing letters (e.g. M _ M _ _ Y). Nothing in the instructions suggests that the words to complete have been studied previously. In addition, a distractor task between the study phase and the test phase is introduced to prevent the mental rehearsal of the studied words, and to reduce the influence of explicit memory. Tâche utilisée pour étudier les effets d'amorçage. Les participants sont invités à compléter des mots dont certaines lettres manquent (par exemple, M _ _ O _ _ E). Rien dans les consignes ne leur suggère que les mots à  compléter ont pu être étudiés précédemment. De plus, une tâche distractrice est insérée entre la phase d'études  et la phase de test pour empêcher la répétition mentale des mots étudiés, et pour réduire l'influence de la mémoire explicite. tâche de complètement de mots fragmentés word-fragment completion task Frank Arnould Warrington, E. K., & Weiskrantz, L. (1970). Amnesic syndrome: Consolidation or retrieval? Nature, 228(5272), 628–630. https://doi.org/10.1038/228628a0 2017-12-04 2022-03-16 Task used to study priming effects. The subject is presented with the first three letters of words and asked to complete them with the first word that comes to mind. Nothing in the instructions suggests that the words to complete have been studied previously. Tâche utilisée pour étudier les effets d’amorçage. Le sujet est invité à compléter des mots, dont on lui présente seulement les trois premières lettres, avec le premier mot qui lui vient à l’esprit. Rien dans les consignes ne lui suggère que les mots à compléter ont pu être étudiés précédemment.  tâche de complètement de début de mots word-stem completion task Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 dénomination naming A task involving naming a picture or word as quickly and accurately as possible. Used mainly as an indirect test of memory. Tâche consistant à nommer une image ou un mot le plus rapidement et précisément possible. Utilisée principalement comme test indirect de la mémoire. naming task tâche de dénomination Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-05-18 Task used to study implicit memory. The subject is asked to identify a stimulus (word, image, etc.) presented in a degraded form. Tâche utilisée pour étudier la mémoire implicite. Le sujet doit identifier un stimulus (mot, image...) qui lui est présenté sous une forme dégradée. perceptual identification task tâche d'identification perceptive Frank Arnould Koriat, A. (1981). Semantic facilitation in lexical decision as a function of prime-target association. Memory & Cognition, 9(6), 587–598. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202353 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 Form of associative priming when a word generated by verbal association by another word is used as a prime. For example, if the word LIGHT generates the word LAMP by free association, the backward priming will be to present LAMP before LIGHT. Forme d'amorçage associatif dans lequel un mot généré par association verbale par un autre mot sert d'amorçe. Par exemple, si le mot LUMIERE génère par association verbale le mot LAMPE, la procédure d'amorçage à rebours consistera à présenter d'abord le mot LAMPE puis le mot LUMIERE. backward priming effect effet d'amorçage à rebours Frank Arnould Posner, M. I., & Snyder, C. R. R. (1975). Attention and cognitive control. In R. L. Solso (Ed.), Information Processing and Cognition: The Loyola Symposium (pp. 55-86). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Ratcliff, R., & McKoon, G. (1981). Automatic and strategic priming in recognition. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 20(2), 204–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(81)90381-9 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 amorçage automatique automatic priming A priming effect based on automatic processes, i.e., unintentional, non-conscious, fast and insensitive to interference. Amorçage reposant sur des traitements automatiques, c'est-à-dire, non intentionnels, rapides et non conscients et insensibles aux interférences. amorçages automatiques effets d'amorçage automatique automatic priming effect effet d'amorçage automatique Frank Arnould Mayr, S., & Buchner, A. (2007). Negative priming as a memory phenomenon: A review of 20 years of negative priming research. Zeitschrift für Psychologie/Journal of Psychology, 215(1), 35–51. https://doi.org/10.1027/0044-3409.215.1.35 Tipper, S. P. (1985). The negative priming effect: Inhibitory priming by ignored objects. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 37(4), 571–590. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640748508400920 2017-12-04 2022-01-13 amorçage négatif negative priming Observation du ralentissement du temps de réaction lorsqu’une réponse est demandée à un stimulus que le sujet a dû ignorer dans une phase antérieure. Reaction time slowing when a response is required to a stimulus that the subject was asked to ignore in an earlier phase of the experiment. amorçages négatifs effet d'amorçage négatif negative priming effect Frank Arnould Drews, E. (1996). Morphological priming. Language and Cognitive Processes, 11(6), 629‑634. https://doi.org/10.1080/016909696387033 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 amorçage morphologique morphological priming Facilitation of the processing of a word by the prior presentation of another word that is morphologically related. Type d'amorçage se manifestant par la facilitation du traitement d’un mot par la présentation préalable d’un autre mot qui lui est lié morphologiquement (par exemple, amorce « chanteur » et item-cible « chant »). amorçages morphologiques effet d'amorçage morphologique morphological priming effect Frank Arnould Bock, K., Dell, G. S., Chang, F., & Onishi, K. H. (2007). Persistent structural priming from language comprehension to language production. Cognition, 104(3), 437–458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2006.07.003 2017-12-04 2022-01-13 amorçage structural amorçage syntaxique persistance structurale persistance syntaxique structural persistence structural priming syntactic persistence syntactic priming A phenomenon that occurs when exposure to a sentence influences the production or comprehension of another sentence with the same syntactic structure. For example, after hearing a sentence, speakers tend to produce a sentence with the same grammatical form. Phénomène se manifestant quand l'exposition à une phrase influence la production ou la compréhension d'une phrase suivante qui partage la même structure syntaxique. Par exemple, après avoir entendu une phrase, les locuteurs ont tendance à produire ensuite une phrase ayant la même forme grammaticale. amorçages structuraux amorçages syntaxiques effet d'amorçage syntaxique syntactic priming effect Frank Arnould Ratcliff, R., & McKoon, G. (1981). Automatic and strategic priming in recognition. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 20(2), 204–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(81)90381-9 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 amorçage stratégique strategic priming Amorçage sous le contrôle de processus attentionnels, intentionnels, lents et conscients. Priming under the control of attentional, intentional, slow and conscious processes. amorçages stratégiques strategic priming effects effet d'amorçage stratégique strategic priming effect Frank Arnould Meyer, D. E., Schvaneveldt, R. W., & Ruddy, M. G. (1974). Functions of graphemic and phonemic codes in visual word-recognition. Memory & Cognition, 2(2), 309–321. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03209002 2017-12-04 2022-01-13 amorçage phonologique phonological priming Type d’amorçage se manifestant quand la présentation préalable d’un mot facilite ensuite le traitement d’un autre mot qui lui est phonologiquement proche (comparativement à un autre mot qui lui est phonologiquement différent). Type of priming during which the prior presentation of a word facilitates the processing of another word which is phonologically related (compared to another word which is phonologically different). amorçages phonologiques effet d'amorçage phonologique phonological priming effect Frank Arnould Carr, T. H., McCauley, C., Sperber, R. D., & Parmelee, C. M. (1982). Words, pictures, and priming: On semantic activation, conscious identification, and the automaticity of information processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 8(6), 757–777. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.8.6.757 Dell’Acqua, R., & Grainger, J. (1999). Unconscious semantic priming from pictures. Cognition, 73(1), B1-B15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-0277(99)00049-9 Holender, D. (1986). Semantic activation without conscious identification in dichotic listening, parafoveal vision, and visual masking: A survey and appraisal. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 9(01), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00021269 McCauley, C., Parmelee, C. M., Sperber, R. D., & Carr, T. H. (1980). Early extraction of meaning from pictures and its relation to conscious identification. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 6(2), 265–276. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.6.2.265 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 amorçage inconscient amorçage subliminal subliminal priming unconscious priming A priming effect that occurs when the prime is not consciously perceived. Effet d'amorçage apparaissant quand l'amorce est présentée sans que le sujet n'en soit conscient. amorçages inconscients amorçages subliminaux effet d'amorçage inconscient unconscious priming effect Frank Arnould Wiggs, C. L., & Martin, A. (1998). Properties and mechanisms of perceptual priming. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 8(2), 227–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-4388(98)80144-X 2017-12-04 2022-01-13 amorçage perceptif perceptual priming Type d’amorçage basé sur les relations perceptives entre le stimulus servant d’amorce et le stimulus cible. Type of priming based on the perceptual relations between the prime and the target stimulus. amorçages perceptifs effet d'amorçage perceptif perceptual priming effect Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Zeelenberg, R., Dijkstra, K., & Paolacci, G. (2017, July 26). Does Repeated Participation Affect Effect Size? An Analysis of 9 Cognitive Psychological Experiments. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/GHV6M Frank Arnould Forbach, G. B., Stanners, R. F., & Hochhaus, L. (1974). Repetition and practice effects in a lexical decision task. Memory & Cognition, 2(2), 337‑339. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03209005 Forster, K. I., & Davis, C. (1984). Repetition priming and frequency attenuation in lexical access. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 10(4), 680‑698. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.10.4.680 Kristjánsson, Á., & Campana, G. (2010). Where perception meets memory: A review of repetition priming in visual search tasks. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 72(1), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.3758/APP.72.1.5 Lee, S.-M., Henson, R. N., & Lin, C.-Y. (2020). Neural correlates of repetition priming : A coordinate-based meta-analysis of fRMI studies. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.565114 2017-12-04 Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] 2023-04-19 Fréquence des mots : dans une tâche de décision lexicale, l'effet d'amorçage par répétition est plus important pour les mots de faible fréquence que pour les mots de fréquence élevée (Forster & Davis, 1984). Word frequency: In a lexical decision task, the repetition priming effect is larger for low-frequency words than for high-frequency words (Forster & Davis, 1984). Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y amorçage direct amorçage par identité amorçage par répétition direct priming identity priming repetition priming Type d’amorçage durant lequel le traitement initial d’un stimulus facilite son traitement ultérieur. Type of priming during which the initial processing of a stimulus facilitates its subsequent processing. amorçages directs amorçages par identité amorçages par répétition effets d'amorçage par répétition repetition priming effects effet d'amorçage par répétition repetition priming effect Frank Arnould Faust, M. E., Balota, D. A., & Spieler, D. H. (2001). Building episodic connections: Changes in episodic priming with age and dementia. Neuropsychology, 15(4), 626–637. https://doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.15.4.626 McKoon, G., & Ratcliff, R. (1979). Priming in episodic and semantic memory. Journal of Verbal Learning & Verbal Behavior, 18(4), 463–480. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(79)90255-X 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 amorçage épisodique episodic priming Type d’amorçage qui correspond à une facilitation de la réponse à un item cible quand cet item a été couplé de façon répétée à un même stimulus par rapport à la réponse à un item qui a été présenté de façon répétée, mais associé chaque fois avec un stimulus différent. Type of priming, which corresponds to the facilitation of the response to a target item after the item has been repeatedly coupled to the same stimuli as compared with the response to an item that has been presented repeatedly, but associated each time with a different stimulus. amorçages épisodiques effet d'amorçage épisodique episodic priming effect Frank Arnould Hutchison, K. A. (2003). Is semantic priming due to association strength or feature overlap? A microanalytic review. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 10(4), 785‑813. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196544 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 amorçage associatif associative priming Facilitation du traitement d'un mot par la présentation préalable d'un autre mot associé (sur la base de normes associatives). Facilitation of processing of a word by prior presentation of another word that is associatively related (on the basis of associative norms). associative priming effect effet d'amorçage associatif Frank Arnould Schacter, D. L. (1990). Perceptual representation systems and implicit memory. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 608(1), 543–571. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb48909.x Tulving, E., & Schacter, D. L. (1990). Amorçage et systèmes de la mémoire humaine. Science, 247(4940), 301–306. Traduit dans S. Nicolas & P. Piolino (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire humaine (pp. 147-167). De Boeck. Tulving, E., & Schacter, D. L. (1990). Priming and human memory systems. Science, 247(4940), 301–306. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.2296719 2017-12-04 2022-03-29 Memory system theorized by Tulving and Schacter (1990), which is thought to account for object or word perceptual priming effects. According to the authors, this system is involved in perceptual identification of objects and words, but without reference to their meaning. The system is supposed to work in close collaboration with semantic memory and other systems. Système de la mémoire théorisé par Tulving et Schacter (1990) qui permettrait notamment de rendre compte des effets d'amorçage perceptif d'objets ou de mots. Selon les auteurs, ce système est impliqué dans l'identification perceptive des objets et des mots, mais sans référence à leur signification. Aussi le PRS est supposé collaborer étroitement avec la mémoire sémantique et d'autres systèmes. perceptual representation system système de représentations perceptives Frank Arnould Squire, L. R. (1992). Declarative and nondeclarative memory: Multiple brain systems supporting learning and memory. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 4(3), 232–243. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1992.4.3.232 2017-12-04 2022-03-29 Memory system proposed by Squire including skills (perceptual, motor, cognitive) and habits, priming, simple classical conditioning, and non-associative learning. Système de la mémoire proposé par Squire comprenant les habiletés (perceptives, motrices, cognitives) et habitudes, l'amorçage, les conditionnements classiques simples et les apprentissages non associatifs. nondeclarative memory mémoire non déclarative non-declarative memory Frank Arnould Johns, B. T., Jones, M. N., & Mewhort, D. J. K. (2012). A synchronization account of false recognition. Cognitive Psychology, 65(4), 486‑518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2012.07.002 Johns, B. T., Jones, M. N., & Mewhort, D. J. K. (2019). Using experiential optimization to build lexical representations. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(1), 103‑126. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1501-2 Johns, B. T., Jones, M. N., & Mewhort, D. J. K. (2021). A continuous source reinstatement model of true and false recollection. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale, 75(1), 1‑18. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000237 2021-08-10 2023-09-04 A computational model of true and false recognition that ”[…] uses plausible semantic representations for words, built through exposure to a linguistic corpus. A study list is encoded in the model as a gist trace, similar to the proposal of fuzzy trace theory […].The model uses a decision process based on the principles of neural synchronization and information accumulation. The decision process operates by synchronizing a probe with the gist trace of a study context, allowing information to be accumulated about whether the word did or did not occur on the study list, and the efficiency of synchronization determines recognition.“ (Jones et al., 2012, p. 486). Modèle computationnel des vraies et fausses reconnaissances. Il « […] utilise des représentations sémantiques plausibles pour les mots, construites à partir d’un corpus linguistique. Une liste d’étude est codée dans le modèle comme une trace contenant son sens général, similaire à la proposition de la théorie des traces floues […]. Le modèle utilise un processus de décision basé sur les principes de synchronisation neuronale et d’accumulation d’informations. Le processus de décision fonctionne en synchronisant une sonde avec la trace générale d’un contexte d’étude, ce qui permet d’accumuler de l’information sur le fait que le mot a ou n’a pas été présent dans la liste d’étude, et l’efficacité de la synchronisation détermine la reconnaissance. » (Jones et al., 2012, p. 486). Recognition through Semantic Synchronization model modèle de la reconnaissance par synchronisation sémantique Frank Arnould Arndt, J., & Hirshman, E. (1998). True and false recognition in MINERVA2: Explanations from a global matching perspective. Journal of Memory and Language, 39(3), 371–391. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1998.2581 Hintzman, D. L. (1984). MINERVA 2 : A simulation model of human memory. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 16(2), 96‑101. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202365 Hintzman, D. L. (1986). « Schema abstraction » in a multiple-trace memory model. Psychological Review, 93(4), 411‑428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.93.4.411 Hintzman, D. L. (1988). Judgments of frequency and recognition memory in a multiple-trace memory model. Psychological review, 95(4), 528. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.95.4.528 Nick Reid, J., & Jamieson, R. K. (2023). True and false recognition in MINERVA 2: Extension to sentences and metaphors. Journal of Memory and Language, 129, 104397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2022.104397 Tiberghien, G. (1997). La Mémoire oubliée. Mardaga. 2017-12-04 2023-03-20 Modèle de simulation de la mémoire épisodique développé par le psychologue Douglas Hintzman (Hintzman, 1984, 1986, 1988). Le contenu de la mémoire est composé uniquement de traces épisodiques, mais à partir desquelles peuvent être dérivés des concepts abstraits. Simulation model of episodic memory designed by psychologist Douglas Hintzmann (Hintzmann 1984, 1986, 1988). Memory is composed of only episodic traces, from which abstract concepts are derived. MINERVA 2 MINERVA 2 Frank Arnould 2021-09-07 Roediger III, H.L., H., Balota, D., & Watson, J. (2001). Spreading activation and arousal of false memories. In H. L. Roediger III, J. S. Nairne, & I. Neath (Eds.), The nature of remembering: Essays in honor of Robert G. Crowder (pp. 95–115). American Psychological Association Press. https://doi.org/10.1037/10394-006 [Document type: literature review, empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-04 AMF activation-monitoring account activation/monitoring framework théorie de l’association-monitorage A theory of spontaneous false memories, such as those observed in the DRM paradigm. The theory postulates the existence of two interacting processes: an activation process (studied items activate associated but unstudied items in memory) and a source-monitoring process of memories. Théorie des faux souvenirs spontanés, comme ceux observés dans le paradigme DRM. La théorie suppose l’existence de deux processus en interaction : un processus d’activation (les éléments étudiés activent en mémoire des éléments associés, mais non étudiés) et un processus de surveillance de la source des souvenirs. associative-monitoring account associative-monitoring theory association-monitoring theory théorie de l’association-surveillance Karpicke, J. D., McCabe, D. P., & Roediger, H. L. (2008). False memories are not surprising : The subjective experience of an associative memory illusion. Journal of Memory and Language, 58(4), 1065‑1079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2007.12.004 Whittlesea, B. W. A. (2002). False memory and the discrepancy-attribution hypothesis : The prototype-familiarity illusion. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131(1), 96‑115. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.131.1.96 Whittlesea, B. W. A., & Williams, L. D. (1998). Why do strangers feel familiar, but friends don’t? A discrepancy-attribution account of feelings of familiarity. Acta Psychologica, 98(2‑3), 141‑165. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-6918(97)00040-1 Whittlesea, B. W. A., & Williams, L. D. (2000). The source of feelings of familiarity : The discrepancy-attribution hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 26(3), 547‑565. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.26.3.547 Whittlesea, B. W. A., & Williams, L. D. (2001a). The discrepancy-attribution hypothesis : II. Expectation, uncertainty, surprise, and feelings of familiarity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27(1), 14‑33. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.27.1.14 Whittlesea, B. W. A., & Williams, L. D. (2001b). The discrepancy-attribution hypothesis : I The heuristic basis of feelings and familiarity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27(1), 3‑13. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.27.1.3 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-24 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human discrepancy-attribution account Hypothèse visant à « expliquer la source des sentiments de familiarité. Selon cette hypothèse, les personnes évaluent chroniquement la cohérence de leur traitement des informations. Lorsque la qualité du traitement est perçue comme divergente de celle à laquelle elles pourraient s'attendre, les personnes s'engagent dans un processus d'attribution ; le sentiment de familiarité se produit lorsque la divergence perçue est attribuée à une expérience antérieure. » (Whittlesea & Williams, 2001b, p. 3). The hypothesis to "explain the source of feelings of familiarity. By that hypothesis, people chronically evaluate the coherence of their processing. When the quality of processing is perceived as being discrepant from that which could be expected, people engage in an attributional process; the feeling of familiarity occurs when perceived discrepancy is attributed to prior experience." (Whittlesea & Williams, 2001b, p. 3). discrepancy-attribution hypothesis hypothèse d'attribution de la divergence Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-05-25 BAS force associative rétrograde force associative à rebours relation associative ascendante Capacité d’un souvenir à susciter un souvenir qui l’a précédé. Dans un tâche d'association verbale, fréquence avec laquelle un mot a induit en retour le mot qui l'a généré par association vers l'avant.  The ability of a memory to elicit a memory that preceded it. In a verbal association task, the frequency with which a word induces in return the word that generated it by a forward association. backward associative strengths forces associatives ascendantes forces associatives rétrogrades forces associatives à rebours backward associative strength force associative ascendante Frank Arnould Carneiro, P., Fernandez, A., & Dias, A. R. (2009). The influence of theme identifiability on false memories: Evidence for age-dependent opposite effects. Memory & Cognition, 37(2), 115–129. https://doi.org/10.3758/MC.37.2.115 Carneiro, P., Fernandez, A., Diez, E., Garcia-Marques, L., Ramos, T., & Ferreira, M. B. (2012). “Identify-to-reject”: A specific strategy to avoid false memories in the DRM paradigm. Memory & Cognition, 40(2), 252–265. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-011-0152-6 2022-04-05 2023-09-04 identify-to-reject strategy Dans une tâche de type DRM, identification de l’absence du mot thème dans une liste pendant la phase d’étude et utilisation de cette information pour rejeter un faux souvenir pendant la phase de test (Carneiro et al., 2009, p. 116). In a DRM-type task, the absence of the word theme in a list is identified during the study phase and this information is used to reject a false memory during the test phase (Carneiro et al., 2009, p. 116). identify to reject strategies identify to reject strategy identify-to-reject strategies identifier pour rejeter identify-to-reject process Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 force associative vers l’avant relation associative descendante Niveau d'association entre un souvenir et un autre souvenir qui lui a succédé. Dans une tâche d’association verbale, fréquence d'association entre un mot et les mots qu'il a permis d'évoquer. The level of association between a memory and another memory that followed it. In a verbal association task, the frequency of association between a word and the words it evokes. forces associatives descendantes forces associatives descendantes forces associatives vers l’avant forward associative strengths relations associatives descendantes force associative descendante forward associative strength Frank Arnould Maurer, D., Grand, R. L., & Mondloch, C. J. (2002). The many faces of configural processing. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(6), 255-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01903-4 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 sensibilité aux relations de premier ordre sensitivity to first-order relations Mode de traitement des informations utilisé dans la perception et la reconnaissance des visages reposant sur la prise en compte du fait qu'un visage est composé de deux yeux placés au-dessus d'un nez, ce dernier étant placé au-dessus de la bouche. Mode of information processing involved in face perception and recognition, based on the fact that a face is composed of two eyes placed above a nose and a nose above a mouth. first-order relational processing traitement des relations de premier ordre Frank Arnould Brod, G., & Shing, Y. L. (n.d.). Are there age-related differences in the effects of prior knowledge on learning? Insights gained from the memory congruency effect. Mind, Brain, and Education, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/10.1111/mbe.12320 Brod, G., Werkle-Bergner, M., & Shing, Y. L. (2013). The influence of prior knowledge on memory: A developmental cognitive neuroscience perspective. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00139 2017-12-04 2022-04-06 connaissances antérieures Expression désignant les connaissances (schémas, scénarios…) que le sujet possède et qui influencent la mémoire de nouvelles informations. Term for knowledge (schemas, scripts, etc.) possessed by a subject that influence the memory of new information. connaissances pré-existantes prior knowledge Popov, V., & Reder, L. M. (2020). Frequency effects on memory: A resource-limited theory. Psychological Review, 127(1), 1–46. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000161 Reder, L. M., Nhouyvanisvong, A., Schunn, C. D., Ayers, M. S., Angstadt, P., & Hiraki, K. (2000). A mechanistic account of the mirror effect for word frequency: A computational model of remember–know judgments in a continuous recognition paradigm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 26(2), 294–320. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.26.2.294 Schunn, C. D., Reder, L. M., Nhouyvanisvong, A., Richards, D. R., & Stroffolino, P. J. (1997). To calculate or not to calculate: A source activation confusion model of problem familiarity’s role in strategy selection. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 23(1), 3–29. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.23.1.3 2023-03-31 Frank Arnould 2023-03-31 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human SAC SAC SAC model Source of Activation Confusion Source of Activation Confusion theory modèle SAC "SAC (Source Activation Confusion) implements a spreading activation theory in which semantic and episodic memory traces are represented as localist nodes in a network. In SAC, memory strength is a continuous value stored within nodes and the links between them; this strength increases through practice and decays with time. The strength of semantic and episodic nodes lead to two different signals, familiarity and recollection, which puts SAC in the class of dual-process models." (Popov et Reder, 2020, p. 2). « SAC (Source Activation Confusion) implémente une théorie de la diffusion de l’activation dans laquelle les traces mnésiques épisodiques et sémantiques sont représentées par des nœuds locaux dans un réseau. Dans SAC, la force d’un souvenir est une valeur continue stockée dans les nœuds et dans les liens entre eux. ; cette force s’accroît par la pratique et décline avec le temps. La force des nœuds épisodiques et sémantiques conduit vers deux signaux, la recollection et la familiarité, ce qui place SAC dans la classe des modèles à double processus. » (Popov et Reder, 2020, p. 2). Source of Activation Confusion model modèle de la source de confusion de l'activation Frank Arnould Kılıç, A., & Öztekin, I. (2014). Retrieval dynamics of the strength based mirror effect in recognition memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 76, 158-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2014.06.009 Starns, J. J., White, C. N., & Ratcliff, R. (2010). A direct test of the differentiation mechanism: REM, BCDMEM, and the strength-based mirror effect in recognition memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 63(1), 18–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2010.03.004 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 "In recognition memory, when a list of items is strengthened via increasing the number of repetitions or manipulations during encoding, the probability to correctly endorse targets (hit rate) increase and the probability to incorrectly endorse foils (false alarm rate) decrease" (Kılıç et Öztekin, 2014, p. 158). Dans un test de reconnaissance, augmentation des reconnaissances correctes et baisse des fausses alarmes des items d’une liste qui a bénéficié d’un encodage renforcé (par exemple, un nombre plus important de répétitions). effet miroir basé sur la force strength-based mirror effect Frank Arnould Malmberg, K. J., & Nelson, T. O. (2003). The word frequency effect for recognition memory and the elevated-attention hypothesis. Memory & Cognition, 31(1), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196080 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Hypothèse proposée pour expliquer l'effet de fréquence en reconnaissance : les sujets alloueraient plus d'attention aux mots de faible fréquence ce qui expliquerait pourquoi ceux-ci sont mieux reconnus que les mots de haute fréquence. The hypothesis proposed to explain the frequency effect in recognition: subjects are thought to allocate more attention to low-frequency words which would explain why these words are better recognized than high-frequency words. elevated-attention hypothesis hypothèse de l'attention élevée Frank Arnould Patel, A., Biso, G. M. N. R., & Fowler, J. B. (2022). Neuroanatomy, Temporal Lobe. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519512/ 2018-08-03 2022-03-28 cortex temporal région temporale temporal cortex temporal region A brain lobe “located mainly in the middle cranial fossa, a space located close to the skull base. It is anterior to the occipital lobe and posterior to the frontal lobe. It is found inferior to the lateral fissure, also known as the Sylvian fissure or the lateral sulcus.“ (Patel et al., 2022). Lobe cérébral « situé principalement dans la fosse crânienne moyenne, un espace situé près de la base du crâne. Il est antérieur au lobe occipital et postérieur au lobe frontal. Il se trouve en dessous de la fissure latérale, également connue sous le nom de fissure sylvienne ou de sillon latéral. » (Patel et al., 2022). lobes temporaux régions temporales temporal lobes temporal regions lobe temporal temporal lobe Frank Arnould Hurlstone, M. J., Hitch, G. J., & Baddeley, A. D. (2014). Memory for serial order across domains: An overview of the literature and directions for future research. Psychological Bulletin, 140(2), 339–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034221 2017-12-04 2021-07-15 positional clustering regroupement positionnel Dans une tâche de rappel sériel, tendance que présentent les erreurs de transposition à se grouper autour des positions correctes des items. In a serial recall task, tendency of transposition errors to cluster around the correct positions of items. contrainte locale locality constraint Frank Arnould Hurlstone, M. J., Hitch, G. J., & Baddeley, A. D. (2014). Memory for serial order across domains: An overview of the literature and directions for future research. Psychological Bulletin, 140(2), 339–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034221 2017-12-04 2022-01-11 Dans une tâche de rappel sériel, erreur de transposition consistant à rappeler un item avant sa position correcte. In a serial recall task, a transposition error when a item is recalled before its correct position. anticipation errors erreurs d'anticipation anticipation error erreur d'anticipation Frank Arnould Hurlstone, M. J., Hitch, G. J., & Baddeley, A. D. (2014). Memory for serial order across domains: An overview of the literature and directions for future research. Psychological Bulletin, 140(2), 339–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034221 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 Dans une tâche de rappel sériel, erreur de transposition consistant à rappeler un item après sa position correcte. In a serial recall task, a transposition error when an item is recalled after its correct position. erreur de report postponement error Fan, T. (2021, September 10). The Contribution of Metamemory Beliefs to the Font Size Effect on Judgments of Learning: Is Word Frequency a Moderating Factor? doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/D894V Fukuda, K., Saito, J. M., & Kolisnyk, M. (2021, December 22). Judgments of Learning Reveal Conscious Access to Stimulus Memorability. https://osf.io/qrxs3/ Hu, X. (2020, April 15). Using Multilevel Mediation Model to Measure the Contribution of Beliefs to Judgments of Learning. https://osf.io/dsnj6/ Kelley, T., & Davis, T. (2020, November 20). Neural Evidence for Retrieval Attempts During Delayed Judgments of Learning. https://osf.io/a89tu/ Li, B. (2021, February 3). Soliciting Judgments of Forgetting Reactively Enhances Memory as Well as Making Judgments of Learning: Empirical and Meta-Analytic Tests. https://osf.io/6j9xf/ Mendes, P. S., Luna, K., & Albuquerque, P. B. (2020, June 2). Experience matters: Effects of (in)congruent prompts about word frequency on judgments of learning. https://osf.io/tkzph/ Mendes, P. S., Luna, K., & Albuquerque, P. B. (2020, September 30). Word frequency effects on judgments of learning: More than just beliefs. https://osf.io/uyh9z/ Myers, S. J., Rhodes, M., & Hausman, H. E. (2019, November 2). Judgments of Learning (JOLs) Selectively Improve Memory Depending on the Type of Test. https://osf.io/ew5z2/ Putnam, A. L., DeSoto, K. A., Dehkes, P., Gilmore, G., & Deng, W. (2021, November 16). Are retrospective confidence ratings better predictors of future performance than judgments of learning? Experiment 3. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/VE6Y8 Tekin, E. (2021, February 26). The Effect of Delayed Judgments of Learning on Retention. https://osf.io/yaguz/ Undorf, M., Dr., S.-M. K. J., & Amaefule, C. O. (2020, January 29). The neurocognitive basis of metamemory: Using the N400 to study the contribution of fluency to judgments of learning. https://osf.io/wp2xy/ Zimdahl, M. F., & Undorf, M. (2021, April 20). Hindsight bias in metamemory: outcome knowledge influences the recollection of judgments of learning (JOLs). https://osf.io/6jpcy/ Frank Arnould Arbuckle, T. Y., & Cuddy, L. L. (1969). Discrimination of item strength at time of presentation. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 81(1), 126–131. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027455 Double, K. S., Birney, D. P., & Walker, S. A. (2018). A meta-analysis and systematic review of reactivity to judgements of learning. Memory, 26(6), 741–750. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1404111 Narens, L., Nelson, T. O., & Scheck, P. (2008). Memory monitoring and delayed JOL effect. In J. Dunlovsky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Hanbook of Metamemory and Memory. Psychology Press. Nelson, T. O., Narens, L., & Dunlosky, J. (2004). A revised methodology for research on metamemory : Pre-Judgment Recall and Monitoring (PRAM). Psychological Methods, 9(1), 53‑69. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.9.1.53 Rhodes, M. G. (2016). Judgments of learning: Methods, data, and theory. In J. Dunlosky & S.K.Tauber (Eds.),The Oxford handbook of metamemory (pp. 65–80). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/ oxfordhb/9780199336746.013.4 2017-12-04 2023-07-27 JOL Jugement métamnésique « par lequel les participants indiquent la probabilité qu'ils se souviendront du matériel appris lors d'un test futur » (Double et al., 2018, p. 741). Metamemory judgment "whereby participants indicate the likelihood that they will recall learnt material on a future test" (Double et al., 2018, p. 741). JOLs judgement of learning judgements of learning judgments of learning jugements d'apprentissage judgment of learning jugement d'apprentissage Frank Arnould Kornell, N., & Bjork, R. A. (2009). A stability bias in human memory: Overestimating remembering and underestimating learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 138(4), 449-468. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017350 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Jugement métamnésique consistant à prédire la probabilité de rappel d'un item si celui-ci bénéficie d'un, deux, trois ou quatre essais d'apprentissage supplémentaires. Metamemory judgment consisting of predicting the probability of recall of an item with one, two, three or four additional learning trials. predictions of learning prédictions d'apprentissage prediction of learning prédiction d'apprentissage Frank Arnould Benjamin, A. S., & Diaz, M. (2008). Measurement of relative metamnemonic accuracy. In J. Dunlosky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Handbook of metamemory and memory (pp. 73–94). Psychology Press. Kubik, V., Jemstedt, A., Eshratabadi, H. M., Schwartz, B. L., & Jönsson, F. U. (2022). The underconfidence-with-practice effect in action memory: The contribution of retrieval practice to metacognitive monitoring. Metacognition and Learning, 17(2), 375–398. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-021-09288-2 2022-04-06 2023-09-04 exactitude métacognitive relative exactitude métamnésique relative metacognitive sensitivity metamemory resolution metamemory sensitivity relative metacognitive accuracy relative metamemory accuracy relative metamnemonic accuracy resolution résolution résolution métamnésique sensibilité métamnésique "people’s ability to discriminate between the items that will and will not be recalled at a later occasion." (Kubik et al, 2022, p. 376). « aptitude à faire la distinction entre les éléments qui seront rappelés et ceux qui ne le seront pas à un moment ultérieur. » (Kubik et al., 2022, p. 376). metacognitive resolution résolution métacognitive Frank Arnould Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. Konorski, J., & Miller, S. (1937). On two types of conditioned reflex. The Journal of General Psychology, 16(1), 264–272. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.1937.9917950 Miller, S., & Konorski, J. (1928). Sur une forme particulière de réflexe conditionnel. Bulletin de biologie, 99, 1155-1158. Skinner, B. F. (1938). The behavior of organisms: An experimental analysis. Appleton-Century-Croft, Inc. Thorndike, E. L. (1898). Animal intelligence: An experimental study of the associative processes in animals. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 2(4), 1-109. https://archive.org/details/animalintelligen00thoruoft 2017-12-04 2022-03-31 Skinnerian conditioning apprentissage instrumental conditionnement de type 2 conditionnement instrumental conditionnement skinnerien instrumental conditioning instrumental learning type 2 conditioning Type d’apprentissage associatif. Dans le conditionnement opérant, l’apprentissage résulte du comportement du sujet et de ses conséquences. Type of associative learning. Learning results from the behavior of the subject and its consequences. apprentissages instrumentaux conditionnements de type 2 conditionnements instrumentaux conditionnements opérants conditionnements skinneriens conditionnement opérant operant conditioning Frank Arnould Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. Pavlov, I. P. (1927). Conditioned reflexes: An investigation of the physiological activity of the cerebral cortex (G. V. Anrep, Trans.). Dover Publications. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Pavlov/ Rescorla, R. A. (1988). Pavlovian conditioning: It’s not what you think it is. American Psychologist, 43(3), 151–160. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.43.3.151 2017-12-04 2022-04-10 Pavlovian conditioning conditionnement de type 1 conditionnement pavlovien conditionnement répondant respondent conditioning type 1 conditioning Type d’apprentissage associatif découvert par Pavlov. Dans le conditionnement classique s’opère le transfert du pouvoir d’un stimulus à déclencher une réaction vers un autre stimulus. Par exemple, avant conditionnement, une boulette de viande (stimulus inconditionnel) déclenche la salivation chez le chien (réponse inconditionnelle). Par contre, un son (stimulus neutre) est incapable de provoquer cette réaction. Le conditionnement classique consiste à répéter l’association du son avec la boulette de viande. Le conditionnement est établi quand le son (maintenant stimulus conditionnel) devient capable de provoquer la salivation du chien (maintenant réponse conditionnée). Type of associative learning discovered by Pavlov. Classical conditioning corresponds to the transfer of the ability from one stimulus to trigger a response to another stimulus. For example, before conditioning, a meat pellet (unconditioned stimulus) triggers salivation in dogs (unconditioned response). However, a sound (neutral stimulus) is unable to cause this reaction. Classical conditioning involves repeating the combination of the sound with the meat pellet. Conditioning is established when the sound (now conditioned stimulus) becomes capable of causing the dog's salivation (now conditioned response). conditionnements classiques conditionnements de type 1 conditionnements pavloviens conditionnements répondants classical conditioning conditionnement classique Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 A method of studying an organism's response to a stimulus over time. In the habituation phase, a stimulus is presented repeatedly until the organism's response decreases. The dishabituation phase involves the presentation of a new stimulus which elicits an heightened response. Méthode d'étude de la réponse d'un organisme à un stimulus au fil du temps. Dans la phase d'habituation, un stimulus est présenté de façon répétée jusqu'à ce que la réponse de l'organisme diminue. La phase de déshabituation implique la présentation d'un nouveau stimulus qui suscite une réponse plus forte. habituation/dishabituation paradigm paradigme habituation/déshabituation Frank Arnould Fantz, R. L. (1964). Visual experience in infants: decreased attention to familiar patterns relative to novel ones. Science, 146(3644), 668-670. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.146.3644.668 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 A method of studying infant memory based on the principle of preference for novelty. A pair of identical stimuli (or a single stimulus) is presented visually to the infant (familiarization phase). Then a new pair of stimuli is presented, consisting of a familiar stimulus paired with a novel stimulus. Discrimination of the two stimuli is inferred when the baby pays more attention to the new stimulus than to the familiar stimulus. Méthode d’étude de la mémoire du nourrisson, reposant sur le principe de la préférence pour la nouveauté. Une paire de stimuli identiques (ou un stimulus unique) est présentée visuellement au bébé (phase de familiarisation). Puis, une nouvelle paire de stimuli, constituée du stimulus familiarisé associé à un stimulus nouveau, lui est soumise. La discrimination des deux stimuli est inférée quand le bébé porte plus longtemps son attention sur le stimulus nouveau que sur le stimulus familiarisé. paradigme de comparaison visuelle par paire visual paired-comparison paradigm Frank Arnould Baillargeon, R., & Graber, M. (1988). Evidence of location memory in 8-month-old infants in a nonsearch AB task. Developmental Psychology, 24(4), 502-511. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.24.4.502 Baillargeon, R., Devos, J., & Graber, M. (1989). Location memory in 8-month-old infants in a non-search AB task : Further evidence. Cognitive Development, 4(4), 345‑367. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0885-2014(89)90040-3 Stahl, A. E., & Kibbe, M. M. (2022). Great expectations : The construct validity of the violation-of-expectation method for studying infant cognition. Infant and Child Development, 31(6), e2359. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.2359 Wynn, K. (1992). Addition and subtraction by human infants. Nature, 358(6389), 749‑750. https://doi.org/10.1038/358749a0 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 violation of expectancy paradigm A method of studying cognitive development in infants, including memory development. The baby is familiarized with an event. After a delay, the baby is confronted with an event that may or may not violate his/her expectations about the original event. The researcher concludes that the baby has a memory of the original event if the baby spends more time looking at the unexpected event. Méthode d'étude du développement cognitif des nourrissons, et notamment du développement de la mémoire. Le bébé est familiarisé à une situation, puis, après un délai, l'expérimentateur le place devant une situation qui viole ou non ses attentes par rapport à l'évènement initial. Si le regard du bébé s'attarde alors plus sur la situation inattendue, le chercheur infère qu'il a pu garder en mémoire l'évènement initial. paradigme de violation des attentes violation of expectation paradigm Bowman, C. (2021, June 21). Blended face acquired equivalence. https://osf.io/2ubgv Robinson, Jasper. (2019, February 27). A Computational Implementation of a Hebbian Learning Network and its Application to Configural Forms of Acquired Equivalence. https://osf.io/sjbd6 Zeithamova, D. (2020, July 7). Generalization and source memory in acquired equivalence. https://osf.io/3w87a Frank Arnould 2021-09-07 Bowman, C. R., de Araujo Sanchez, M.-A., Hou, W., Rubin, S., & Zeithamova, D. (2021). Generalization and false memory in an acquired equivalence paradigm: The influence of physical resemblance across related episodes. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 2646. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669481 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Edwards, C. A., Jagielo, J. A., Zentall, T. R., & Hogan, D. E. (1982). Acquired equivalence and distinctiveness in matching to sample by pigeons: Mediation by reinforcer-specific expectancies. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 8(3), 244–259. https://doi.org/10.1037/0097-7403.8.3.244 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] de Araujo Sanchez, M. A., & Zeithamova, D. (2023). Generalization and false memory in acquired equivalence. Cognition, 234, 105385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105385 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-05 A method for the study of inferential false memories based on the notion of acquired equivalence, which is a form of generalization (the fact that two stimuli sharing a feature leads to the assumption that they share other features). Méthode d’étude des faux souvenirs inférentiels basée sur la notion d’équivalence acquise, qui est une forme de généralisation (le fait que deux stimuli partageant un trait en commun conduit à supposer qu’ils partagent d’autres traits). acquired equivalence paradigm paradigme d’équivalence acquise Frank Arnould Eriksen, C. W., & Collins, J. F. (1969). Visual perceptual rate under two conditions of search. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 80(3), 489‑492. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027428 2020-08-30 2023-09-04 RSVP RSVP présentation visuelle en série rapide Experimental procedure consisting of sequentially presenting images at the same location and at a high rate (e.g. ten images per second). Procédure expérimentale consistant à présenter séquentiellement des images au même endroit et à une cadence élevée (par exemple, dix images par seconde). présentation visuelle sérielle rapide rapid serial visual presentation Frank Arnould Ricker, T. J., Nieuwenstein, M. R., Bayliss, D. M., & Barrouillet, P. (2018). Working memory consolidation : Insights from studies on attention and working memory. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1424(1), 8‑18. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13633 2020-08-27 2023-09-04 Processus permettant la création de représentations stables en mémoire de travail. The process for creating stable representations in working memory. consolidation en mémoire de travail working memory consolidation Frank Arnould Morgan, G., Kornell, N., Kornblum, T., & Terrace, H. S. (2014). Retrospective and prospective metacognitive judgments in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Animal Cognition, 17(2), 249–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-013-0657-4 Narens, L., Nelson, T. O., & Scheck, P. (2008). Memory monitoring and delayed JOL effect. In J. Dunlovsky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Hanbook of Metamemory and Memory. Psychology Press. 2018-11-06 2021-09-27 Confiance dans une réponse future. Confidence in a future response. confiance prospective prospective confidence Frank Arnould Lindeboom, J. (2002). Visual association test to detect early dementia of the Alzheimer type. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 73(2), 126–133. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.73.2.126 2020-11-30 2023-09-04 Brief neurosychological test for the diagnostic of early dementia of the Alzheimer type based on imagery mnemonics. The patient is asked to learn pairs of interacting and visually presented objects (e.g., an ape holding an umbrella). At the time of the memory test, one of the objects in each pair is presented and the patient is asked to remember the second (Lindeboom et al., 2002). Test neuropsychologique rapide pour le diagnostic de la démence précoce de type Alzheimer, basé sur la stratégie d’imagerie mentale. Le patient doit mémoriser des paires d’objets en interaction et présentées visuellement (par exemple un singe tenant un parapluie). Au moment du test de mémoire, un des objets de chaque paire est présenté et le patient est invité à se souvenir du second (Lindeboom et al., 2002). test d’association visuelle visual association test VanArsdall, J., & Blunt, J. (2021, March 19). Method of Loci and Animacy. https://osf.io/qj8pb/ Blunt, J. R., & VanArsdall, J. E. (2021). Animacy and animate imagery improve retention in the method of loci among novice users. Memory & Cognition, 49(7), 1360‑1369. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-021-01175-0 Twomey, C., & Kroneisen, M. (2021). The effectiveness of the loci method as a mnemonic device: Meta-analysis. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 74(8), 1317-1326. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021821993457 Wagner, I. C., Konrad, B. N., Schuster, P., Weisig, S., Repantis, D., Ohla, K., Kühn, S., Fernández, G., Steiger, A., Lamm, C., Czisch, M., & Dresler, M. (2021). Durable memories and efficient neural coding through mnemonic training using the method of loci. Science Advances, 7(10), eabc7606. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc7606 2021-06-24 2023-09-04 MoL loci method loci mnemonics memory palace mental walk technique méthode des loci palace of memory palais de la mémoire A mnemonic aid, whose discovery is attributed to the poet Simonides of Ceos (556–468/467 BC), which consists of mentally associating items with different locations on a route and then mentally going through this route to recall them. Aide mnémotechnique, dont la découverte est attribuée au poète Simonide de Céos (556-468/467 av. J.-C.), qui consiste à associer mentalement les éléments à mémoriser à différents emplacements d’un chemin, puis à parcourir mentalement ce chemin pour se les rappeler. method of loci méthode des lieux Frank Arnould D’Argembeau, A., Lardi, C., & Van der Linden, M. (2012). Self-defining future projections: Exploring the identity function of thinking about the future. Memory, 20(2), 110–120. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2011.647697 Lardi Robyn, C., Ghisletta, P., & Van der Linden, M. (2012). Self-defining memories and self-defining future projections in hypomania-prone individuals. Consciousness and Cognition, 21(2), 764–774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2012.02.007 Raffard, S., Bortolon, C., D’Argembeau, A., Gardes, J., Gely-Nargeot, M.-C., Capdevielle, D., & Van der Linden, M. (2016). Projecting the self into the future in individuals with schizophrenia: A preliminary cross-sectional study. Memory, 24(6), 826–837. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1057152 Raffard, S., Bortolon, C., Iniesta, F., Macioce, V., Gely-Nargeot, M.-C., & Van der Linden, M. (2020). Projecting the self in aging: An exploratory study of self-defining future projections. Memory, 28(5), 632–641. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1753778 Raucher-Chéné, D., Berna, F., Vucurovic, K., Barrière, S., Van Der Linden, M., Kaladjian, A., & Cuervo-Lombard, C. (2021). How to project oneself without positive and integrated memories? Exploration of self-defining memories and future projections in bipolar disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 138, 103817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2021.103817 2021-10-19 2023-09-04 PFDS SDFP projection définissant le soi self-defining projection « Nous concevons les projections futures définissant le soi (PFDS) comme les contreparties futures des souvenirs définissant le soi (SDS) ; c'est-à-dire des représentations mentales d'événements futurs plausibles et hautement significatifs qui fournissent des informations centrales pour la compréhension de soi. » (D’Argembeau et al., 2012, p. 111). “We conceive of self-defining future projections (SDFPs) as the future counterparts of self-defining memories (SDMs); that is, mental representations of plausible and highly significant future events that provide with core information for one’s understanding of self.“ (D’Argembeau et al., 2012, p. 111). projections définissant le soi self-defining projections projection future définissant le soi self-defining future projection Frank Arnould Bottemanne, H., Longuet, Y., & Gauld, C. (2022). L’esprit predictif : Introduction à la théorie du cerveau bayésien. L’Encéphale, 48(4), 436‑444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2021.09.011 Clark, A. (2022). Extending the predictive mind. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 0(0), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/00048402.2022.2122523 Miłkowski, M., & Litwin, P. (2022). Testable or bust: Theoretical lessons for predictive processing. Synthese, 200(6), 462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-022-03891-9 Nave, K., Deane, G., Miller, M., & Clark, A. (2020). Wilding the predictive brain. WIREs Cognitive Science, 11(6), e1542. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1542 Trapp, S., Parr, T., Friston, K., & Schröger, E. (2021). The predictive brain must have a limitation in short-term memory capacity. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 30(5), 384‑390. https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214211029977 Vecchi, T., & Gatti, D. (2020). Memory as prediction : From looking back to looking forward. The MIT Press. 2021-09-09 2023-09-04 active inference bayesian brain bayesian brain theory cerveau bayésien cerveau prospectif codage prédictif esprit prédictif inférence active pensée prospective predictive coding predictive coding theory predictive mind predictive processing framework prospective brain prospective thought théorie du cerveau bayésien théorie du codage prédictif théorie du traitement prédictif Theory according to which the brain is "essentially a probabilistic prediction engine, dedicated to the task of minimizing the disparity between how it expects (predicts) the world to be and the evidence presented by the sensory flow" (Nave et al., 2020). Théorie selon laquelle le cerveau est « essentiellement un dispostif de prédiction probabiliste, dont la tâche consiste à minimiser la disparité entre la façon dont il s'attend (prédit) à ce que le monde soit et les informations présentées par le flux sensoriel » (Nave et al., 2020). cerveau prédictif predictive brain Frank Arnould Addis, D. R., Wong, A. T., & Schacter, D. L. (2008). Age-related changes in the episodic simulation of future events: Psychological Science, 19(1), 33‑41. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02043.x 2020-10-20 2023-09-04 Adaptation de l'entretien autobiographique permettant à la fois d'évaluer les souvenirs autobiographiques d'évènements du passé et l'imagination d'événements autobiographiques futurs. Adaptation of the Autobiographical Interview to assess both autobiographical memories of past events and imagination of future autobiographical events. Adapted Autobiographical Interview entretien autobiographique adapté Frank Arnould Palombo, D. J., Williams, L. J., Abdi, H., & Levine, B. (2013). The survey of autobiographical memory (SAM) : A novel measure of trait mnemonics in everyday life. Cortex, 49(6), 1526‑1540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2012.08.023 Picco, S., Pedreira, M. E., & Fernández, R. S. (2020). Psychometric validation of the survey of autobiographical memory : Confirmatory factor analysis and network analysis. Memory, 28(8), 1037‑1050. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1812662 Setton, R., Lockrow, A. W., Turner, G. R., & Spreng, R. N. (2022). Troubled past: A critical psychometric assessment of the self-report Survey of Autobiographical Memory (SAM). Behavior Research Methods, 54(1), 261–286. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01604-7 2020-10-20 2023-09-04 Questionnaire "designed to assess individual differences in self-reported autobiographical mnemonic capacities" (Palombo et al., 2013). Questionnaire « conçu pour évaluer les différences individuelles dans les capacités mnémoniques autobiographiques autoévaluées » (Palombo et al., 2013). Survey of Autobiographical Memory bilan de mémoire autobiographique Frank Arnould Purkart, R., Vallet, G. T., & Versace, R. (2019). Améliorer la remémoration d’évènements autobiographiques et l’imagination d’évènements futurs grâce à l’Induction de spécificité épisodique : Adaptation et validation en Français. L'Année Psychologique, 119(1), 25–53. https://doi-org.inshs.bib.cnrs.fr/10.3917/anpsy1.191.0025 ​Madore, K. P., Gaesser, B., & Schacter, D. L. (2014). Constructive episodic simulation: Dissociable effects of a specificity induction on remembering, imagining, and describing in young and older adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40(3), 609–622. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034885 ​Schacter, D. L., & Madore, K. P. (2016). Remembering the past and imagining the future: Identifying and enhancing the contribution of episodic memory. Memory Studies, 9(3), 245–255. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750698016645230 2018-04-18 2023-03-15 Experimental method based on a brief training to remember the details of a recent experience (Madore et al., 2014). This technique is thought to distinguish episodic from non-episodic influences on the performance in a memory task. The method is derived from the Cognitive Interview. ​Méthode expérimentale reposant sur un entrainement bref à se souvenir des détails d'une expérience récente (Madore et al., 2014). Cette technique permettrait de distinguer les influences épisodiques des influences non épisodiques sur la performance dans une tâche de mémoire. Elle dérive de l'entretien cognitif. episodic specificity induction induction de spécificité épisodique Frank Arnould Addis, D. R. (2018). Are episodic memories special? On the sameness of remembered and imagined event simulation. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 48(2/3), 64–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/03036758.2018.1439071 Addis, D. R. (2020). Mental time travel? A neurocognitive model of event simulation. Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 11(2), 233–259. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-020-00470-0 Addis, D. R., Wong, A. T., & Schacter, D. L. (2007). Remembering the past and imagining the future: Common and distinct neural substrates during event construction and elaboration. Neuropsychologia, 45(7), 1363–1377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.10.016 Schacter, D. L., & Addis, D. R. (2007). The cognitive neuroscience of constructive memory: Remembering the past and imagining the future. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, 362(1481), 773-786. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2087 2017-12-04 Robins, S. K. (2022). Episodic memory is not for the future. In A. Sant’Anna, C. J. McCarroll, & K. Michaelian (Eds.), Current controversies in philosophy of memory (pp. 166–184). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-04-14 Hypothèse selon laquelle se souvenir du passé et imaginer le futur font appel aux mêmes informations stockées dans la mémoire épisodique et aux mêmes processus cognitifs de reconstruction des évènements. The hypothesis that remembering the past and imagining the future both rely on information stored in episodic memory and on similar cognitive processes for reconstructing events. constructive-episodic-simulation hypothesis constructive episodic simulation hypothesis hypothèse de la simulation constructive épisodique Wojcik, D. Z., Díez, E., Canal-Bedia, R., Díez-Álamo, A. M., Yon-Hernández, J. A., & Fernandez, A. (2020). Episodic future thinking-induced forgetting: Exploring memory inhibitory mechanism in adults with autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 79, 101667. doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101667 Frank Arnould Ditta, A. S., & Storm, B. C. (2016). Thinking about the future can cause forgetting of the past. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69(2), 339–350. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2015.1026362 Wojcik, D. Z., Díez, E., Canal-Bedia, R., Díez-Álamo, A. M., Yon-Hernández, J. A., & Fernandez, A. (2020). Episodic future thinking-induced forgetting: Exploring memory inhibitory mechanism in adults with autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 79, 101667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101667 2020-11-23 2023-09-04 EFT-induced forgetting oubli induit par la pensée épisodique future Phénomène observé quand le fait d’imaginer des événements épisodiques futurs provoque l’oubli d’événements passés associés. The phenomenon observed when imagining future episodic events results in related past events being forgotten. episodic future thinking-induced forgetting oubli induit par la pensée future épisodique Frank Arnould Buckner, R. L., Andrews-Hanna, J. R., & Schacter, D. L. (2008). The brain’s default network: Anatomy, function, and relevance to disease. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1124(1), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1440.011 Greicius, M. D., Krasnow, B., Reiss, A. L., & Menon, V. (2003). Functional connectivity in the resting brain: A network analysis of the default mode hypothesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100(1), 253–258. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0135058100 Menon, V. (in press). 20 years of the default mode network: A review and synthesis. Neuron. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2023.04.023 Mevel, K., Grassiot, B., Chételat, G., Defer, G., Desgranges, B., & Eustache, F. (2010). Le réseau cérébral par défaut : rôle cognitif et perturbations dans la pathologie. Revue Neurologique, 166(11), 859–872. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2010.01.008 Morcom, A. M., & Fletcher, P. C. (2007). Does the brain have a baseline? Why we should be resisting a rest. NeuroImage, 37(4), 1073‑1082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.09.013 Raichle, M. E. (2015). The brain’s default mode network. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 38(1), 433–447. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-071013-014030 Raichle, M. E., MacLeod, A. M., Snyder, A. Z., Powers, W. J., Gusnard, D. A., & Shulman, G. L. (2001). A default mode of brain function. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(2), 676‑682. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.98.2.676 Raichle, M. E., MacLeod, A. M., Snyder, A. Z., Powers, W. J., Gusnard, D. A., & Shulman, G. L. (2001). A default mode of brain function. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(2), 676‑682. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.98.2.676 Shulman, G. L., Fiez, J. A., Corbetta, M., Buckner, R. L., Miezin, F. M., Raichle, M. E., & Petersen, S. E. (1997). Common blood flow changes across visual tasks : II. Decreases in cerebral cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 9(5), 648‑663. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1997.9.5.648 Smallwood, J., Bernhardt, B. C., Leech, R., Bzdok, D., Jefferies, E., & Margulies, D. S. (2021). The default mode network in cognition : A topographical perspective. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 1‑11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-021-00474-4 2017-12-04 2023-06-19 DMN activité cérébrale par défaut default network réseau cérébral du mode par défaut réseau cérébral par défaut réseau d'absence de tâche réseau d'état par défaut réseau par défaut "a collection of distributed and interconnected brain regions that are typically suppressed when an individual is focused on external stimuli; however, in the absence of attention to external stimuli, the DMN [Default mode network] switches or ‘‘defaults’’ to internally focused thought processes, such as self-reflection, daydreaming, mind wandering, recall of personal experiences, and envisioning the future. The DMN is also hypothesized to be active during periods of ‘‘rest’’ and quiet wakefulness, allowing us to reflect on our experiences, feelings, and social interactions." (Menon, in press). « ensemble de régions cérébrales distribuées et interconnectées qui sont généralement désactivées lorsqu'un individu se concentre sur des stimuli externes. Cependant, en l'absence d'attention aux stimuli externes, le RMD [Réseau du mode par défaut] bascule "par défaut" vers des processus de pensée internes, tels que la réflexion sur soi, la rêverie, le vagabondage mental, le rappel d'expériences personnelles et la projection dans l'avenir. On suppose également que le RMD est actif pendant les périodes de "repos" et d'éveil calme, ce qui nous permet de réfléchir à nos expériences, sentiments et interactions sociales". (Menon, sous presse). default mode network réseau du mode par défaut Frank Arnould Barsalou, L. W. (1999). Perceptual symbol systems. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22(4), 577‑660. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X99002149 Haimovici, S. (2018). The modal—Amodal distinction in the debate on conceptual format. Philosophies, 3(2), 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies3020007 Michel, C. (2021). Overcoming the modal/amodal dichotomy of concepts. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 20(4), 655‑677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-020-09678-y 2017-12-04 2023-04-04 modal symbol modality-specific representation symbole modal Idée selon laquelle le format des représentations conceptuelles repose sur des propriétés perceptives et motrices. The idea that the format of conceptual representations is based on perceptual and motor properties. modal representations modal symbols modality-specific representations représentations modales symboles modaux modal representation représentation modale Frank Arnould Haimovici, S. (2018). The modal—Amodal distinction in the debate on conceptual format. Philosophies, 3(2), 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies3020007 Michel, C. (2021). Overcoming the modal/amodal dichotomy of concepts. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 20(4), 655‑677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-020-09678-y 2017-12-04 2023-04-04 abstract representation amodal symbol représentation abstraite symbole amodal Idea that the format of conceptual representations is abstract and has lost any perceptual properties. Idée selon laquelle le format des représentations conceptuelles est abstrait et a perdu toute propriété perceptive. abstract representations amodal representations amodal symbols représentations abstraites représentations amodales symboles amodaux amodal representation représentation amodale Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 Generic term for encoding strategies that rely on semantic processing, associations between items, and the use of prior knowledge. Terme général pour désigner les stratégies d'encodage utilisant les traitements sémantiques, les associations entre les éléments à mémoriser ou entre ces éléments et des informations déjà stockées en mémoire. elaboration élaboration Frank Arnould Bjork, R. A., Dunlosky, J., & Kornell, N. (2013). Self-regulated learning: Beliefs, techniques, and illusions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64(1), 417–444. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143823 Gureckis, T. M., & Markant, D. B. (2012). Self-Directed Learning: A cognitive and computational perspective. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 7(5), 464–481. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691612454304 Kornell, N., & Bjork, R. A. (2007). The promise and perils of self-regulated study. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14(2), 219–224. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03194055 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 apprentissage autorégulé self-regulated learning Type d'apprentissage au cours duquel le sujet contrôle l'ordre des épisodes d'étude et le flux d'informations à mémoriser. Type of learning in which the subject controls the order of study episodes and the flow of information to memorize. apprentissage auto-régulé apprentissages auto-régulés apprentissages autodirigés apprentissages autorégulés apprentissage autodirigé self-directed learning Frank Arnould Raugh, M. R., & Atkinson, R. C. (1975). A mnemonic method for learning a second-language vocabulary. Journal of Educational Psychology, 67(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0078665 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 keyword mnemonics keyword technique technique du mot-clé A mnemonic aid for learning unfamiliar vocabulary, especially foreign language vocabulary. The method starts by associating the foreign word with a word from the native language (the keyword) with a close pronunciation (at least for part of the foreign word), and then creates a visual image associating the keyword with the translation of the foreign word. Aide mnémotechnique pouvant faciliter l'apprentissage d'un vocabulaire peu familier, tout particulièrement l'acquisition du vocabulaire d'une langue étrangère. La méthode consiste tout d'abord à associer le mot étranger avec un mot de la langue maternelle (le mot clé) ayant une prononciation proche (au moins pour une partie du mot étranger), puis à créer une image visuelle associant le mot clé et la traduction du mot étranger. keyword method méthode du mot-clé Frank Arnould Oberauer, K. (2019). Is rehearsal an effective maintenance strategy for working memory? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 23(9), 798‑809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2019.06.002 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 autorépétition mentale autorépétition subvocale répétition mentale révision mentale subvocal rehearsal subvocal repetition Mental rehearsal mechanism to retain information in short-term memory (or in working memory). Mécanisme de répétition mentale permettant de conserver les informations en mémoire à court terme (ou en mémoire de travail). auto-répétition auto-répétition subvocale auto-répétition subvocales auto-répétitions autorépétitions autorépétitions subvocales répétitions mentales révisions mentales subvocal rehearsals subvocal repetitions autorépétition rehearsal Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 organizational strategy A generic term for strategies by which material to be memorized or retrieved is structured. Terme générique pour désigner les stratégies de structuration du matériel à mémoriser ou à récupérer. organisation organization Frank Arnould Intons-Peterson, M. J., & Fournier, J. (1986). External and internal memory aids: When and how often do we use them? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 115(3), 267–280. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.115.3.267 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 aide externe external aid A kind of strategy that « involve the use of tangible, physical aids external to the person, such as making lists, writing on a calendar, and putting an item in a special place » (Intons-Peterson et Fournier, 1986, p. 267). Un type de stratégie qui « implique l'utilisation d'aides tangibles, physiques, extérieures à la personne, comme faire des listes, écrire sur un calendrier, mettre un objet dans un endroit spécial » (Intons-Peterson et Fournier, 1986, p. 267). aides externes external aids external strategies stratégies externes external strategy stratégie externe Frank Arnould Underwood, B. J. (1965). False recognition produced by implicit verbal responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 70(1), 122-129. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0022014 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 A theory to explain semantic intrusions in a recognition task (Underwood, 1965). As subjects study words, they mentally generate related words. These related words may then be mistakenly recognized as having been studied. Théorie proposée par Underwood (1965) pour expliquer les intrusions sémantiques dans une tâche de reconnaissance. Lorsque les sujets étudient des mots, ils généreraient mentalement d'autres mots qui leur sont associés. Ces mots associés peuvent ensuite être reconnus à tort comme ayant été étudiés. implicit associative responses réponses associatives implicites implicit associative response réponse associative implicite Frank Arnould Macmillan, N. A., & Creelman, C. D. (1996). Triangles in ROC space : History and theory of “nonparametric” measures of sensitivity and response bias. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 3(2), 164‑170. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03212415 2022-03-10 2023-09-04 discriminability discriminabilité de la mémoire discriminabilité mnémonique discriminabilité mnésique discrimination msésique memory discriminability sensibilité sensibilité de la mémoire sensibilité mnémonique sensitivity Dans la théorie de la détection du signal, aptitude à discriminer les items nouveaux des items anciens dans une tâche de reconnaissance. In signal detection theory, the ability to discriminate between old and new items in a recognition task. memory sensitivity sensibilité mnésique Development and validation of a Memory Distrust Scale (MDS)—Study 1. (2020). [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/r8vqu/ 2023-06-05 Frank Arnould Nash, R. A., Saraiva, R. B., & Hope, L. (in press). Who doesn’t believe their memories? Development and validation of a new Memory Distrust Scale. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition. https://doi.org/10.1037/mac0000061 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-07-21 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human MDS Memory Distrust Scale A 20-item self-report scale used to assess people’s tendency to distrust their memories because of commission errors they may commit (misremembering and false remembering). Échelle d’auto-évaluation de 20 items permettant d’évaluer la tendance des personnes à se méfier de leurs souvenirs en raison des erreurs de commission qu’elles peuvent commettre (erreurs de mémoire et faux souvenirs). Memory Distrust Scale Échelle de méfiance à l’égard des souvenirs Frank Arnould Anderson, J. R., & Bower, G. H. (1973). Human Associative Memory. Winston and Sons. 2017-12-04 2022-03-29 association-memory souvenir associatif Ability to encode, store and retrieve associations between items or between an item and its context. Aptitude à encoder, stocker et récupérer des associations entre items ou entre un item et son contexte. associative memories mémoires associatives souvenirs associatifs associative memory mémoire associative Frank Arnould Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/2010). La mémoire : recherches de psychologie experimentale (trad. S. Nicolas). L'harmattan. Kahana, M. J. (2020). Computational models of memory search. Annual Review of Psychology, 71, 107‑138. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-103358 Logan, G. D., & Cox, G. E. (2021). Serial memory: Putting chains and position codes in context. Psychological Review, 28(6), 1197–1205. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000327 2017-12-04 2022-05-17 associative chaining chaînage associatif Approche théorique proposée pour expliquer le rappel sériel. Chaque item d'une liste est associé en mémoire à l'item qui le suit, formant ainsi une chaîne associative. Au moment du rappel, chaque item sert d'indice pour récupérer l'item suivant. Les théories du chaînage associatif envisagent des associations entre items distants. Cependant, la force associative entre items est plus forte quand ils sont contigus. Theoretical approach proposed to explain serial recall. Each item in a list is associated in memory with the item that follows it, thus forming a chain of associations. At the time of recall, each item is a cue to retrieve the next item. Theories of associative chaining accept associations between remote items. However, the associative strength between items is stronger when they are contiguous. "According to this conception, therefore, the associative threads, which hold together a remembered series, are spun not merely between each member and its immediate successor, but beyond intervening members to every member which stands to it in any close temporal relation. The strength of the threads varies with the distance of the members, but even the weaker of them must be considered as relatively of considerable significance." (Ebbinghaus, 1885/1913, p. 94). « Par conséquent, selon cette conception, les liens associatifs, qui assurent l'union d'une série d'éléments rappelée, ne sont pas simplement présents entre chaque élément et son successeur immédiat, mais vont bien au-delà en s'étendant aux éléments qui entretiennent entre eux une relation temporelle. La force des liens varie avec la distance des éléments, mais même le plus faible d'entre eux doit être considéré comme étant d'une importance relativement considérable. » (Ebbinghaus, 1885/2010, p. 161). chaînages associatifs associative chaining theory théorie du chaînage associatif Frank Arnould Beaunieux, H. (2023). L’évaluation de la mémoire procédurale. In H. Amieva, P. Azouvi, E. Barbeau, & F. Colette (Éds.), Traité de neuropsychologie de l’adulte: Tome 1. Évaluation (p. 231‑240). De Boeck Supérieur. Beaunieux, H., Desgranges, B., Eustache, F. (1998) La mémoire procédurale : validité du concept et des méthodes d'évaluation, Revue de neuropsychologie, 8(2), 271-300. Cohen, N. J., & Squire, L. R. (1980). Preserved learning and retention of pattern-analyzing skill in amnesia : Dissociation of knowing how and knowing that. Science, 210(4466), 207‑210. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7414331 Lechevalier, B., & Habas, C. (2021). Mémoire procédurale et mémoire déclarative. Bulletin de l’Académie Nationale de Médecine, 205(2), 149‑153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.banm.2020.12.011 2017-12-04 2023-08-22 Long-term memory system that stores information of the "know how" type, directly expressed in action, difficult to verbalize, not accessible to consciousness (E. Tulving therefore describes this memory as anoetic), difficult to modify and acquired progressively. Système de la mémoire à long terme conservant les informations du type « savoir comment », difficilement verbalisables, se manifestant directement dans l'action, pas accessibles à la conscience (E. Tulving qualifiant ainsi cette mémoire d'anoétique), difficilement modifiables et dont l'acquisition est progressive. procedural memories mémoire procédurale procedural memory Frank Arnould Bjork, R. A., & Whitten, W. B. (1974). Recency-sensitive retrieval processes in long-term free recall. Cognitive Psychology, 6(2), 173-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(74)90009-7 Glenberg, A. M., Bradley, M. M., Kraus, T. A., & Renzaglia, G. J. (1983). Studies of the long-term recency effect: Support for a contextually guided retrieval hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 9(2), 231-255. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.9.2.231 Glenberg, A. M., Bradley, M. M., Stevenson, J. A., Kraus, T. A., Tkachuk, M. J., Gretz, A. L., … Turpin, B. M. (1980). A two-process account of long-term serial position effects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 6(4), 355-369. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.6.4.355 2017-12-04 2021-08-09 loi du ratio ratio law En rappel libre, la magnitude de l'effet de récence dépend du rapport entre la durée de l'intervalle de temps séparant les items à mémoriser et l'intervalle de rétention (intervalle de temps séparant la fin de la phase d'étude du test de la mémoire). In free recall, the magnitude of the recency effect depends on the ratio between the time interval separating the items to be stored and the retention interval (time interval between the end of the study phase and the test of memory). ratio rule règle du ratio Frank Arnould Skinner, B. F. (1938). The behavior of organisms: An experimental analysis. Appleton-Century-Croft, Inc. Thorndike, E. L. (1913). Educational psychology: The psychology of learning (Vol. 2). Teachers College, Columbia University. Thorndike, E.L. (1911). Animal Intelligence. MacMillan. http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Thorndike/Animal/ 2017-12-04 2021-07-15 "When a modifiable connection between a situation and a response is made and is accompanied or followed by a satisfying state of affairs, that connection’s strength is increased : When made and accompanied or followed by an annoying state of affairs, its strength is decreased." (Thorndike, 1913, p. 4). « Lorsqu’une connexion modifiable entre une situation et une réponse est établie et qu’elle est accompagnée ou suivie d’un état de fait satisfaisant, la force de cette association est renforcée : lorsqu’elle est établie et accompagnée ou suivie d’un état de fait déplaisant, sa force est réduite. » (Thorndike, 1913, p. 4). law of effect loi de l'effet Frank Arnould Tulving, E., & Wiseman, S. (1975). Relation between recognition and recognition failure of recallable words. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 6(1), 79–82. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03333153 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 Law showing that recognition and recall are measures of memory which are largely independent of one another. This law is expressed in the following mathematical equation, where Rn is the recognition and recall Rc: P (Rn / Rc) = P (Rn) + c [P (Rn) -P (Rn) 2]. Loi montrant que la reconnaissance et le rappel sont des mesures de la mémoire en grande partie indépendantes l’une de l’autre. Cette loi s’exprime dans l’équation mathématique suivante, où Rn est la reconnaissance et Rc le rappel : P(Rn/Rc) = P(Rn) + c[P(Rn)-P(Rn)2]. Tulving-Wiseman law loi de Tulving-Wiseman Frank Arnould Nicolas, S. (1997). La loi de Ribot : L'application de la doctrine évolutionniste à l'étude neuropsychologique de la mémoire. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 7(4), 377-410. Ribot, Th (1881). Les maladies de la mémoire. Alcan. Ribot, Theodule. (1881/1887). Diseases of memory: An essay in the positive psychology. D. Appleton and Company. https://archive.org/details/diseasesofmemory00ribouoft/page/120/mode/2up?view=theater Wixted, J. T. (2004). On common ground: Jost’s (1897) law of forgetting and Ribot’s (1881) law of retrograde amnesia. Psychological Review, 111(4), 864–879. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.111.4.864 2017-12-04 2021-09-14 loi de régression loi de réversion "We thus see that the progressive destruction of memory follows a logical order — a law. It advances progressively from the unstable to fhe stable. It begins with the most recent recollections, which, lightly impressed upon the nervous elements, rarely repeated and consequently having no permanent associations, represent organization in its feeblest form. It ends with the sensorial, instinctive memory, which, become a permanent and integral part of the organism, represents organization in its most highly developed stage." (Ribot, Th., Diseases of memory, 1881/1882, p.121-122). « La destruction progressive de la mémoire suit donc une marche logique, une loi. Elle descend progressivement de l'instable au stable. Elle commence par les souvenirs récents, mal fixés dans les éléments nerveux, rarement répétés et par conséquent faiblement associés avec les autres, représentent l'organisation à son degré le plus faible. Elle finit par cette mémoire sensorielle, instinctive qui, fixée dans l'organisme, devenue une partie de lui-même ou plutôt lui-même, représente l'organisation à son degré le plus fort. » (Ribot, Th., Les maladies de la mémoire, 1881, p. 94) Ribot's law loi de Ribot Frank Arnould Thorndike, E.L. (1911). Animal Intelligence. MacMillan. http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Thorndike/Animal/ 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 "Any response to a situation will, other things being equal, be more strongly connected with the situation in proportion to the number of times it has been connected with that situation and to the average vigor and duration of the connections." (Thorndike, 1911, p. 244). « Toute réponse à une situation sera, toutes choses égales par ailleurs, plus fortement connectée à cette situation en proportion du nombre de fois où elle a été connectée à cette situation et de la vigueur et de la durée moyennes des connexions. » (Thorndike, 1911, p. 244). law of exercise loi de l'exercice Kurby, C. A., & Zacks, J. M. (2008). Segmentation in the perception and memory of events. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 12(2), 72–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2007.11.004 Zacks, J. M. (2020). Event perception and memory. Annual Review of Psychology, 71, 165‑191. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419- 051101 Zacks, J. M., Speer, N. K., Swallow, K. M., Braver, T. S., & Reynolds, J. R. (2007). Event perception: A mind-brain perspective. Psychological Bulletin, 133(2), 273–293. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.2.273 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-13 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human EST "Event Segmentation Theory (EST) proposes that perceptual systems spontaneously segment activity into events as a side effect of trying to anticipate upcoming information. When perceptual or conceptual features of the activity change, prediction becomes more difficult and errors in prediction increase transiently. At such points, people update memory representations of ‘what is happening now’. The processing cascade of detecting a transient increase in error and updating memory is perceived as the subjective experience that a new event has begun." (Kurby et Zacks, 2008, p. 72). "La théorie de la segmentation des événements propose que les systèmes perceptifs segmentent spontanément l'activité en événements qui apparaît comme un effet secondaire de la tentative d'anticipation des informations à venir. Lorsque les caractéristiques perceptives ou conceptuelles de l'activité changent, la prédiction devient plus difficile et les erreurs de prédiction augmentent transitoirement. C'est à ce moment que les personnes mettent à jour les représentations en mémoire de "ce qui se passe maintenant ". La cascade de traitement consistant à détecter une augmentation transitoire de l'erreur et à mettre à jour la mémoire est perçue subjectivement qu'un nouvel événement a commencé." (Kurby et Zacks, 2008, p. 72). event segmentation theory théorie de la segmentation en événements Frank Arnould Eichenbaum, H. (2010). Memory systems. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 1(4), 478-490. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.49 Schacter, D. L., & Tulving, E. (1994). What are the memory systems of 1994? In D. L. Schacter & E. Tulving (Eds.), Memory systems 1994 (pp. 1–38). MIT Press. Schacter, D. L., & Tulving, E. (1996). Qu'en est-il de la notion de systèmes mnésiques en 1994 ? In D. L. Schacter & E. Tulving (Eds.), Systèmes de la mémoire chez l'animal et chez l'homme (pp. 15-48). Solal. Sherman, B. E., Turk-Browne, N. B., & Goldfarb, E. V. (2023). Multiple memory subsystems: Reconsidering memory in the mind and brain. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 17456916231179146. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916231179146 Squire, L. R. (2007). Memory systems: A biological concept. In H. L. Roediger III, Y. Dudai, & S. M. Fitzpatrick (Eds.), Science of memory: Concepts (pp. 339–343). Oxford University Press. 2017-12-04 2023-07-18 multiple memory systems theories multiple-memory-systems framework théories des systèmes multiples de la mémoire Theories that consider the existence of different memory systems (working memory, episodic memory, semantic memory, procedural memory, etc.) between which information is transferred and where different types of memories are stored temporarily or in the long term. Théories qui considèrent l'existence de différents systèmes de mémoire (mémoire de travail, mémoire épisodique, mémoire sémantique, mémoire procédurale, etc.) entre lesquels les informations sont transférées et où différents types de souvenirs sont stockés temporairement ou à long terme. multiple memory systems theory structural theories structural theory théorie des systèmes multiples théorie structurale théories structurales structural theories of memory théories structurales de la mémoire McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2000). Strategic and automatic processes in prospective memory retrieval : A multiprocess framework. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14(7), S127‑S144. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.775 2021-09-03 Frank Arnould 2023-09-04 multiprocess framework A theory of event-based prospective memory which suggests that retrieving a planned intention can occur through either strategic or automatic processes. Théorie de la mémoire prospective événementielle qui suggère que la récupération d'une intention planifiée peut se faire par des processus stratégiques ou automatiques. multi-process theory of prospective memory théorie des processus multiples de la mémoire prospective Frank Arnould McClelland, J. L., McNaughton, B. L., & O’Reilly, R. C. (1995). Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: Insights from the successes and failures of connectionist models of learning and memory. Psychological Review, 102(3), 419–457. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.102.3.419 O’Reilly, R. C., Bhattacharyya, R., Howard, M. D., & Ketz, N. (2014). Complementary learning systems. Cognitive Science, 38(6), 1229–1248. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-6709.2011.01214.x 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Theory according to which the formation and consolidation of memories are based on two interactive complementary systems. One, in the hippocampus, is thought to be responsible for the rapid acquisition of episodic memories, distinct from each other, and dependent on context. The other, in the neocortex, is said to be responsible for the slow and gradual acquisition of the overlapping structure of events, independent of context. Théorie selon laquelle la formation et la consolidation des souvenirs reposent sur deux systèmes complémentaires et en interaction. L'un, dans l'hippocampe, se chargerait de l'acquisition rapide de souvenirs épisodiques, distincts les uns des autres, et dépendants du contexte. L'autre, dans le néocortex, se chargerait de l'acquisition lente et graduelle de la structure partagée (overlapping) des évènements, indépendante du contexte. complementary learning systems systèmes d'apprentissage complémentaires Frank Arnould Goode, T. D., Tanaka, K. Z., Sahay, A., & McHugh, T. J. (2020). An integrated index: Engrams, place cells, and hippocampal memory. Neuron, 107(5), 805–820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2020.07.011 Teyler, T. J., & DiScenna, P. (1986). The hippocampal memory indexing theory. Behavioral Neuroscience, 100(2), 147–154. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7044.100.2.147 Teyler, T. J., & Rudy, J. W. (2007). The hippocampal indexing theory and episodic memory: Updating the index. Hippocampus, 17(12), 1158–1169. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.20350 2021-09-06 2023-09-04 A theory of episodic memory based on the assumption that a memory trace is a representation in the hippocampus of co-occurring activities in the neocortex. Théorie de la mémoire épisodique supposant qu’une trace mnésique est une représentation dans l’hippocampe des activités cooccurrentes dans le néocortex. hippocampal memory indexing theory théorie de l’indexation hippocampique des souvenirs Frank Arnould Lecouvey, G., Gonneaud, J., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2015). Les grandes théories de la mémoire prospective: Vers une vision dynamique des processus cognitifs engagés lors du rappel programmé d’intentions. Revue de neuropsychologie, 7(3), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.073.0207 Smith, R. E. (2003). The cost of remembering to remember in event-based prospective memory: Investigating the capacity demands of delayed intention performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 29(3), 347–361. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.29.3.347 Smith, R. E., Hunt, R. R., McVay, J. C., & McConnell, M. D. (2007). The cost of event-based prospective memory: Salient target events. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 33(4), 734–746. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.33.4.734 2021-09-03 2023-09-04 PAM theory théorie PAM A theory of event-based prospective memory (Smith, 2003; Smith et al., 2007), which states that "the performance of event-based tasks systematically requires the engagement of controlled preparatory processes. Specifically, preparatory attentional processes allow us to monitor the environment while considering the events occurring in it as potential prospective cues. As for the memory processes, they intervene in the recognition of prospective cues that must be discriminated from neutral events, as well as in the search in memory for the intention that follows this recognition" (Lecouvey et al., 2015, p. 209). Théorie de la mémoire prospective événementielle (Smith, 2003 ; Smith et al., 2007) selon laquelle « la réalisation de tâches event-based nécessite systématiquement l’engagement de processus contrôlés préparatoires. Plus précisément, les processus attentionnels préparatoires permettent de surveiller l’environnement tout en considérant les événements s’y produisant comme des indices prospectifs potentiels. Quant aux processus mnésiques, ils interviennent pour la reconnaissance des indices prospectifs devant être discriminés des événements neutres, ainsi que pour la recherche en mémoire de l’intention qui suit cette reconnaissance. » (Lecouvey et al., 2015, p. 209). preparatory attentional and memory processes theory théorie des processus mnésiques et attentionnels préparatoires Frank Arnould Versace, R., Vallet, G., Riou, B., Lesourd, M., Labeye, E., & Brunel, L. (2014). ACT-IN: An integrated view of memory mechanisms. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 26(3), 280–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2014.892113 2018-07-30 2023-09-04 Activation-Integration theory théorie Activation-Intégration "Act-In is based on four main assumptions: (1) Memory traces reflect all the components of past experiences and, in particular, their sensory properties as captured by our sensory receptors, actions performed on the objects in the environment and the emotional and motivational states of individuals which, to a large extent, determine their actions. Memory traces are therefore distributed across multiple neuronal systems which code the multiple components of the experiences. (2) Knowledge is emergent and is the product of the coupling of the present experience with past experiences. (3) The brain is a categorisation system which develops by accumulating experiences and which, by default, produces categorical knowledge. (4) The emergence of specific knowledge (memories or episodic knowledge) requires simple mechanisms which occur during learning and during retrieval (i.e., interactive activation and integration)." (Versace et al., 2014, p. 282). « Act-In repose sur quatre hypothèses principales : (1) Les traces mnésiques reflètent toutes les composantes des expériences passées et, en particulier, leurs propriétés sensorielles captées par nos récepteurs sensoriels, les actions effectuées sur les objets de l'environnement et les états émotionnels et motivationnels des individus qui, dans une large mesure, déterminent leurs actions. Les traces mnésiques sont donc distribuées à travers de multiples systèmes neuronaux qui codent les multiples composantes des expériences. (2) La connaissance est émergente et est le produit du couplage de l'expérience présente avec les expériences passées. (3) Le cerveau est un système de catégorisation qui se développe par accumulation d'expériences et qui, par défaut, produit des connaissances catégorielles. (4) L'émergence de connaissances spécifiques (souvenirs ou connaissances épisodiques) nécessite des mécanismes simples qui se produisent pendant l'apprentissage et pendant la récupération (c'est-à-dire l'activation et l'intégration interactives). » (Versace et al., 2014, p. 282). Act-In theory théorie Act-In Frank Arnould Kahana, M. J. (2020). Computational models of memory search. Annual Review of Psychology, 71, 107‑138. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-103358 Ladd, G. T., & Woodworth, R. S. (1911). Elements of physiological psychology : A treatise of the activities and nature of the mind from the physical and experimental points of view. CharlesScribners’ Sons https://archive.org/details/elementsofphy2ed00ladd Logan, G. D., & Cox, G. E. (2021). Serial memory: Putting chains and position codes in context. Psychological Review, 28(6), 1197–1205. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000327 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 hypothèse de la position sérielle ​ serial position hypothesis A theoretical approach to serial recall. Each item is stored with its relative position in the list. The positions are then used as cues to recall the items in their order of presentation. Approche théorique du rappel sériel selon laquelle chaque item est mémorisé avec sa position relative dans la liste. Les positions servent ensuite d'indice pour rappeler les items dans leur ordre de présentation. positional coding theory théorie du codage positionnel Frank Arnould Goh, J. O., & Park, D. C. (2009). Neuroplasticity and cognitive aging : The scaffolding theory of aging and cognition. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, 27(5), 391‑403. https://doi.org/10.3233/RNN-2009-0493 Park, D. C., & Reuter-Lorenz, P. (2009). The adaptive brain : Aging and neurocognitive scaffolding. Annual Review of Psychology, 60(1), 173‑196. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093656 2021-08-12 2023-09-04 STAC STAC scaffolding theory of cognitive aging Integrative theory of cognitive aging that "posits that behavior is maintained at a relatively high level with age, despite neural challenges and functional deterioration, due to the continuous engagement of compensatory scaffolding—the recruitment of additional circuitry that shores up declining structures whose functioning has become noisy, inefficient, or both." (Park & Reuter-Lorenz, 2009, p. 183). Théorie intégrative du vieillissement cognitif qui « postule que le comportement est maintenu à un niveau relativement élevé avec l'âge, malgré les défaillances neuronales et la détérioration fonctionnelle, en raison de l'engagement continu de l'échafaudage compensatoire - recrutement de circuits supplémentaires qui soutiennent les structures en déclin dont le fonctionnement est devenu bruité, inefficace ou les deux. » (Park & Reuter-Lorenz, 2009, p. 183). scaffolding theory of cognitive ageing scaffolding theory of cognition and aging théorie de l'échafaudage du vieillissement cognitif Frank Arnould Nadel, L., & Moscovitch, M. (1997). Memory consolidation, retrograde amnesia and the hippocampal complex. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 7(2), 217–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-4388(97)80010-4 Sutherland, R. J., Lee, J. Q., McDonald, R. J., & Lehmann, H. (2020). Has multiple trace theory been refuted? Hippocampus, 30(8), 842‑850. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.23162 2020-11-05 2023-09-04 MTT Theory of systems consolidation according to which the hippocampus and the neocortex continue to interact in the case of episodic memory. The reactivation of an episodic memory trace creates a new memory trace. Thus, an episodic memory is represented by multiple traces. Semantic memory can be stabilized in the neocortex and no longer be influenced by the hippocampus. Théorie de la consolidation des systèmes. Celle-ci propose que l’hippocampe et le néocortex continuent à interagir dans le cas de la mémoire épisodique. La réactivation d’une trace mnésique épisodique crée une nouvelle trace mnésique. Ainsi, un souvenir épisodique est représenté par des traces multiples. La mémoire sémantique peut être stabilisée dans le néocortex et ne plus subir l’influence de l’hippocampe. théorie de la trace multiple multiple trace theory théorie des traces multiples Frank Arnould Medin, D. L., & Schaffer, M. M. (1978). Context theory of classification learning. Psychological review, 85(3), 207–238. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.85.3.207 Murphy, G. L. (2016). Is there an exemplar theory of concepts? Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 23(4), 1035‑1042. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-015-0834-3 Nosofsky, R. M. (1986). Attention, similarity, and the identification-categorization relationship. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 115(1), 39–57. https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-3445.115.1.39 Nosofsky, R. M. (1992). Similarity scaling and cognitive process models. Annual Review of Psychology, 43, 25–53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.43.020192.000325 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 Theories of categorization which stipulate that exemplars of objects are stored in memory. Categorizing a new object is based on the assessment of its similarity with stored exemplars. Théories de la catégorisation stipulant que des exemplaires des objets sont stockés en mémoire. Catégoriser un nouvel objet repose sur l'évaluation de sa similitude avec les exemplaires stockés. exemplar theories théories de l'exemplaire Frank Arnould Laird, J. (1920). A study in realism. Cambridge University Press. https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.202861 ​ Michaelian, K., & Sutton, J. (2017). Memory. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2017). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/memory/ Perrin, D. (2012). Qu'est-ce que se souvenir ? Vrin. Reid, Th. (1764/1941). Essays on the intellectual powers of man. Macmillan And Co. https://archive.org/details/essaysontheintel007938mbp ​ 2018-05-24 2023-04-03 En philosophie, position selon laquelle le souvenir épisodique est relié directement, sans intermédiaire, à l'événement passé. In philosophy, the position according to which an episodic memory is directly connected to the past event, without intermediaries. direct realism réalisme direct Frank Arnould Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (2005). Prospective memory: Multiple retrieval processes. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(6), 286–290. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00382.x McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2007). Spontaneous retrieval in prospective memory. In J. S. Nairne (Ed.), The foundations of remembering: Essays in Honor of Henry L. Roediger, III (pp. 227–242). Psychology Press. 2021-09-03 2023-09-04 A theory of event-based prospective memory. "According to this theory, when forming an intention for an event-based task, people create an association between the target cue and the intended action. Later, when the target event occurs, an automatic associative-memory system triggers retrieval of the intended action and delivers it into awareness. This is an associative system that processes information specifically for the purpose of associative encoding and retrieval. Regardless of whether a person is thinking about the PM intention at the time that the target event occurs, if the cue is fully processed and the association between the cue and action is sufficiently strong, then the occurrence of the cue will reflexively trigger the retrieval of the intended action." (Einstein et McDaniel, 2005, p. 287). Théorie de la mémoire prospective basée sur les événements. « Selon cette théorie, lors de la formation d'une intention pour une tâche basée sur un événement, les personnes créent une association entre l'indice cible et l'action envisagée. Plus tard, lorsque l'événement cible se produit, un système de mémoire associative automatique déclenche la récupération de l'action envisagée et la rend consciente. Il s'agit d'un système associatif qui traite l'information spécifiquement dans le but de l'encodage et de la récupération associatifs. Qu'une personne pense ou non à l'intention de mémoire prospective au moment où l'événement cible se produit, si l'indice est entièrement traité et que l'association entre l'indice et l'action est suffisamment forte, l'apparition de l'indice déclenchera de manière réflexive la récupération de l'action prévue. » (Einstein et McDaniel, 2005, p. 287). reflexive-associative theory of prospective memory théorie réflexive associative de la mémoire prospective Frank Arnould Anderson, J. R., & Bower, G. H. (1972). Recognition and retrieval processes in free recall. Psychological Review, 79(2), 97-123. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0033773 Bahrick, H. P. (1970). Two-phase model for prompted recall. Psychological Review, 77(3), 215–222. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029099 Kintsch, W. (1968). Recognition and free recall of organized lists. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 78(3, Pt.1), 481-487. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0026462 Kintsch, W. (1970). Models for free recall and recognition. In D. Norman (Ed.), Models of Human Memory (p. 331-373). Academic Press. 2017-12-04 2023-04-03 dual-process theory théorie des deux processus Theory postulating that two mechanisms are involved in memory retrieval: a search process for stored information and a decision process (deciding whether the retrieved information is the one that was searched for, based on a familiarity judgment). Théorie de la récupération qui postule que celle-ci s'effectue au moyen de deux mécanismes : un processus de recherche des informations en mémoire et un processus de décision (décider si l'information récupérée est bien celle qui est requise sur la base d'un jugement de familiarité). generate-recognize theory théorie génération-reconnaissance Frank Arnould Hume, D. (1739/1999). Traité de la nature humaine : Livre 1 et appendice. L’entendement. Flammarion. ​ Locke, J. (1689/2009). Essai sur l’entendement humain. Le Livre de Poche. Michaelian, K., & Sutton, J. (2017). Memory. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2017). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/memory/ Perrin, D. (2012). Qu'est-ce que se souvenir ? Vrin. Russell, B. (1921). L'analyse de l'esprit. Payot. 2018-05-24 2022-02-18 En philosophie, position selon laquelle le souvenir épisodique a pour objet une représentation interne d'un évènement passé. In philosophy, a position according to which the object of the episodic memory is an internal representation of the past event. indirect realism réalisme indirect Frank Arnould Bernecker, S. (2010). Memory: A philosophical study. Oxford University Press. Martin, C. B., & Deutscher, M. (1966). Remembering. The Philosophical Review, 75(2), 161-196. https://doi.org/10.2307/2183082 Michaelian, K. (2011). Generative memory. Philosophical Psychology, 24(3), 323–342. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2011.559623 Perrin, D. (2012). Qu'est-ce que se souvenir ? Vrin. Robins, S. (2016). Representing the past: memory traces and the causal theory of memory. Philosophical Studies, 173(11), 2993–3013. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-016-0647-x 2018-05-24 2022-02-18 causalism causalisme théorie causaliste de la mémoire En philosophie, théorie selon laquelle il existe une connexion causale appropriée entre un évènement et le souvenir de cet évènement au travers d'une trace mnésique. In philosophy, the theory that there is an appropriate causal connection between an event and the memory of that event through a memory trace. causal theory of memory théorie causale de la mémoire Frank Arnould Sternberg, S. (1966). High-speed scanning in human memory. Science, 153(3736), 652-654. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.153.3736.652 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Theory that retrieval of an item from short-term memory is the result of an exhaustive and serial search of all stored items, item by item (Sternberg, 1966). Théorie selon laquelle, pour récupérer un item en mémoire à court terme, une recherche exhaustive et sérielle est lancée sur l’ensemble des items stockés, item par item (Sternberg, 1966). recherche sérielle serial search serial search theory théorie de la recherche sérielle Frank Arnould Johnson, J. S., Simmering, V. R., & Buss, A. T. (2014). Beyond slots and resources: Grounding cognitive concepts in neural dynamics. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 76(6), 1630–1654. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-013-0596-9 Wijeakumar, S., & Spencer, J.P. (2021). A dynamic field theory of visual working memory. In R. Logie, V. Camos, & N. Cowan (Eds.), Working memory: State of the science (pp. 358–388). Oxford University Press. 2021-08-30 2023-09-04 « Dans la théorie des champs dynamiques (DFT), [la mémoire de travail] est un état attracteur où les représentations sont auto-entretenues par de fortes interactions récurrentes entre excitation et inhibition. » (Wijeakumar & Spencer, 2021, p. 358). “In dynamic field theory (DFT), [working memory] is an attractor state where representations are self-sustained through strong recurrent interactions between excitation and inhibition.“ (Wijeakumar & Spencer, 2021, p. 358). dynamic field theory théorie des champs dynamiques Frank Arnould Lashley, S, K. (1929). Brain Mechanisms and Intelligence: A Quantitative Study of Injuries to the Brain (Vol. xi). University of Chicago Press. 2017-12-04 2021-07-15 Principe défini par Lashley (1929) selon lequel les déficits mnésiques de rats dans un labyrinthe sont fonction de l'étendue du cortex enlevé et non de la localisation de la lésion. Principle defined by Lashley (1929) wherein the memory deficits of rats in a maze depend on the extent of the removed cortex and not the location of the lesion. principe de l'action de masse principle of mass action Frank Arnould Conway, M. A. (2005). Memory and the self. Journal of Memory and Language, 53(4), 594‑628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2005.08.005 Conway, M. A., Singer, J. A., & Tagini, A. (2004). The self and autobiographical memory : Correspondence and coherence. Social Cognition, 22(5), 491‑529. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.22.5.491.50768 2017-12-04 2021-07-15 An autobiographical memory is reconstructed to be coherent with what we are, our aspirations and current beliefs and the image we have of ourselves. Un souvenir autobiographique est reconstruit de manière à être cohérent avec ce que nous sommes, nos aspirations et croyances actuelles et l'image que nous avons de nous-mêmes. principe de cohérence principle of coherence Frank Arnould Conway, M. A. (2005). Memory and the self. Journal of Memory and Language, 53(4), 594‑628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2005.08.005 Conway, M. A., Singer, J. A., & Tagini, A. (2004). The self and autobiographical memory : Correspondence and coherence. Social Cognition, 22(5), 491‑529. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.22.5.491.50768 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 An autobiographical memory should be most in line with our experience of reality. Un souvenir autobiographique doit correspondre au mieux à notre expérience de la réalité. principe de correspondance principle of correspondence Greene, N. R., & Naveh-Benjamin, M. (2019, November 18). A Specificity Principle of Memory: Evidence from Aging and Associative Memory. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/XK78C Frank Arnould Greene, N. R., & Naveh-Benjamin, M. (2020). A specificity principle of memory : Evidence from aging and associative memory. Psychological Science, 31(3), 316‑331. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620901760 Surprenant, A. M., & Neath, I. (2009). Principles of memory. Psychology Press. 2021-07-15 2023-09-04 "The specificity principle states that those tasks which require the retrieval of a unique piece of information, a single event, or a specific item, seem to be more vulnerable to interference or more likely to result in reduced performance than those tasks that can be completed using generic or gist-based information." (Surprenant & Neath, 2009, p. 217). « Le principe de spécificité stipule que les tâches qui nécessitent la récupération d'une information unique, d'un événement unique ou d'un élément spécifique semblent être plus vulnérables aux interférences ou plus susceptibles d'entraîner une réduction des performances que les tâches qui peuvent être effectuées à l'aide d'informations génériques ou essentielles. » (Surprenant & Neath, 2009, p. 217). principe de la spécificité principe de spécificité specificity principle Frank Arnould Hockley, W. (2010). Memory: Lawless but principled? Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology = Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale, 64(4), 273–281. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021773 Surprenant, A. M., & Neath, I. (2009). Principles of memory. Psychology Press. 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Principe stipulant que les sujets se souviennent mieux des items qui se distinguent le plus des items alternatifs au moment de la récupération. Principle stipulating that "memory performance will depend on how much the to-be-remembered event differs from other alternatives that must be distinguished at the time of retrieval." (Hockley, 2010, p. 275). principe de distinctivité relative relative distinctiveness principle Frank Arnould Estes, W. K. (1955a). Statistical theory of distributional phenomena in learning. Psychological Review, 62(5), 369-377. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046888 Estes, W. K. (1955b). Statistical theory of spontaneous recovery and regression. Psychological Review, 62(3), 145-154. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0048509 2017-12-04 2022-03-16 Principe selon lequel la mémoire d'un matériel est améliorée quand il est encodé dans des conditions environnementales et psychologiques variées. Principle that memory is improved when the material is encoded in various environmental and psychological conditions. encoding variability principle principe de la variabilité de l'encodage Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-01-11 conceptual model graphical model modèle conceptuel modèle graphique modèle verbal verbal model Modèle non formalisé, exprimé en langage naturel. Non-formal model, expressed in natural language. conceptual models graphical models modèles conceptuels modèles graphiques modèles non computationnels modèles verbaux non-computational models verbal models modèle non computationnel non-computational model Hartshorne, J. K. (2019, April 12). The effect of working memory maintenance on long-term memory. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/KYGT5 Loaiza, V. M., & Lavilla, E. T. (2021, June 25). Elaborative strategies contribute to the long-term benefits of time in working memory. https://osf.io/3rqgf Souza, A. S., & Oberauer, K. (2023, March 6). Time to process information in working memory improves episodic memory. https://osf.io/ctgr3 Hartshorne, J. K., & Makovski, T. (2019). The effect of working memory maintenance on long-term memory. Memory & Cognition, 47(4), 749–763. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00908-6 Jarjat, G., Hoareau, V., Plancher, G., Hot, P., Lemaire, B., & Portrat, S. (2018). What makes working memory traces stable over time?: Working memory conditions for long-term recall. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1424(1), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13668 Loaiza, V. M., & Lavilla, E. T. (2021). Elaborative strategies contribute to the long-term benefits of time in working memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 117, 104205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104205 Souza, A. S., & Oberauer, K. (2017). Time to process information in working memory improves episodic memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 96, 155‑167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2017.07.002 2023-08-22 Frank Arnould 2023-08-22 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human time in-WM hypothesis Hypothesis according to which the overall time items spend in working memory predicts their recall in episodic memory. Hypothèse selon laquelle le temps total que passent les items en mémoire de travail prédit leur rappel en mémoire épisodique. hypothèse du temps en mémoire de travail time in-working-memory hypothesis Frank Arnould Slotnick, S. D., & Schacter, D. L. (2004). A sensory signature that distinguishes true from false memories. Nature Neuroscience, 7(6), 664–672. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1252 Slotnick, S. D., & Schacter, D. L. (2006). The nature of memory related activity in early visual areas. Neuropsychologia, 44(14), 2874–2886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.06.021 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Hypothèse selon laquelle les régions cérébrales sensorielles activées pendant la mémorisation d'un souvenir seraient réactivées pendant la récupération du souvenir. Contrairement aux faux souvenirs, les vrais souvenirs réactiveraient ces zones sensorielles associées aux expériences vécues. The hypothesis that the sensory brain regions activated during memory encoding are reactivated during memory retrieval. In contrast to false memories, true memories are thought to reactivate these sensory areas associated with experienced events. hypothèse de la réactivation sensorielle sensory reactivation hypothesis Frank Arnould Davis, C. P., & Yee, E. (2021). Building semantic memory from embodied and distributional language experience. WIREs Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1555 Firth, J. R. (1957). A synopsis of linguistic theory 1930-1955. In Studies in linguistic analysis (pp. 1-32). Wiley-Blackwell. Harris, Z. (1954). Distributional structure. Word, 10(23): 146-162. https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.1954.11659520 Kumar, A. A., Steyvers, M., & Balota, D. A. (2021). A critical review of network‐based and distributional approaches to semantic memory structure and processes. Topics in Cognitive Science, 1. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12548 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 distributional semantics sémantique distributionnelle Hypothèse selon laquelle les mots qui apparaissent dans les mêmes contextes linguistiques partagent des significations similaires. The hypothesis that words that occur in the same linguistic contexts share similar meanings. distributional hypothesis hypothèse distributionnelle Frank Arnould Klinzing, J. G., Niethard, N., & Born, J. (2019). Mechanisms of systems memory consolidation during sleep. Nature Neuroscience, 22(10), 1598‑1610. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-019-0467-3 Paller, K. A., Creery, J. D., & Schechtman, E. (2021). Memory and sleep : How sleep cognition can change the waking mind for the better. Annual Review of Psychology, 72, 123-50. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-050815 2020-11-03 2023-09-04 Hypothèse selon laquelle les traces mnésiques sont consolidées pendant le sommeil à ondes lentes par leur réactivation dans l'hippocampe. The hypothesis that memory traces are consolidated during slow wave sleep through hippocampal reactivation. active systems consolidation hypothesis hypothèse de consolidation active des systèmes Frank Arnould Chrobak, Q. M., & Zaragoza, M. S. (2013). When forced fabrications become truth: Causal explanations and false memory development. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 142(3), 827-844. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030093 2017-12-04 Rindal, E. J., Chrobak, Q. M., Zaragoza, M. S., & Weihing, C. A. (2017). Mechanisms of eyewitness suggestibility: Tests of the explanatory role hypothesis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24(5), 1413–1425. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1201-8 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-04-18 Hypothèse selon laquelle les suggestions favorisent la formation de faux souvenirs lorsqu'elles fournissent une explication à un évènement. The hypothesis that suggestions increase the likelihood of developing false memories if they provide an explanation for the event. explanatory role hypothesis hypothèse du rôle explicatif Frank Arnould Naveh-Benjamin, M. (2000). Adult age differences in memory performance: Tests of an associative deficit hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 26(5), 1170-1187. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.26.5.1170 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Hypothèse selon laquelle les troubles de la mémoire épisodique chez les personnes âgées s'expliqueraient par leurs difficultés à encoder et à récupérer des associations. The hypothesis that impaired episodic memory in the elderly could be explained by their difficulty in encoding and retrieving associations. associative deficit associative deficits déficit associatif déficits associatifs hypothèse des déficits associatifs associative deficit hypothesis hypothèse du déficit associatif Frank Arnould De Montpellier, G. (1936). L’inhibition rétroactive et la courbe Skaggs-Robinson. Journal de psychologie normale et pathologique, 33, 133-147. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9657226r/f137.item Robinson, E. S. (1927). The “similarity” factor in retroaction. The American Journal of Psychology, 39(1/4), 297-312. https://doi.org/10.2307/1415419 Skaggs, E. . (1925). Further studies in retroactive inhibition. Psychology Monographs, 34(8), 1-60. https://archive.org/details/psychologicalmon348ameruoft 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Skaggs-Robinson curve Skaggs-Robinson law courbe Skaggs-Robinson loi de Skaggs-Robinson paradoxe de la similiarité similarity paradox Hypothèse selon laquelle le niveau d’interférence rétroactive est fonction du degré de similarité entre la première tâche de mémoire et la seconde tâche de mémoire. Quand les deux tâches sont identiques ou presque identiques, la rétention des items de la première tâche est supposée être élevée. Quand le degré de similarité atteint un niveau intermédiaire, la rétention des items de la première tâche est supposée être faible. Quand les deux tâches sont différentes, la rétention des items de la première tâche est supposée être meilleure, mais sans atteindre son niveau le plus élevé (Robinson, 1927 ; Skaggs, 1925). The hypothesis that the degree of retroactive interference is a function of the degree of similarity between the primary memory task and the secondary memory task. When the two tasks are identical or nearly identical, retention of items from the primary task is assumed to be high. If the degree of similarity is intermediate, retention of items from the primary task is assumed to be low. If the two tasks are different, retention of items from the primary task is assumed to be better, but not at the highest level (Robinson, 1927; Skaggs, 1925). Skaggs-Robinson hypothesis hypothèse de Skaggs-Robinson Frank Arnould Cabeza, R. (2008). Role of parietal regions in episodic memory retrieval: The dual attentional processes hypothesis. Neuropsychologia, 46(7), 1813–1827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.03.019 Ciaramelli, E., & Moscovitch, M. (2020). The space for memory in posterior parietal cortex: Re-analyses of bottom-up attention data. Neuropsychologia, 146, 107551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107551 Ciaramelli, E., Grady, C. L., & Moscovitch, M. (2008). Top-down and bottom-up attention to memory: A hypothesis (AtoM) on the role of the posterior parietal cortex in memory retrieval. Neuropsychologia, 46(7), 1828–1851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.03.022 Ciaramelli, E., Grady, C., Levine, B., Ween, J., & Moscovitch, M. (2010). Top-down and bottom-up attention to memory are dissociated in posterior parietal cortex: Neuroimaging and neuropsychological evidence. Journal of Neuroscience, 30(14), 4943–4956. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1209-09.2010 Hutchinson, J. B., Uncapher, M. R., & Wagner, A. D. (2009). Posterior parietal cortex and episodic retrieval: Convergent and divergent effects of attention and memory. Learning & Memory, 16(6), 343–356. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.919109 2022-03-22 2023-09-04 AtoM AtoM attention-to-memory model dual attentional processes hypothesis hypothèse des processus attentionnés duels modèle de l’attention à la mémoire Hypothèse selon laquelle « le CPD [cortex pariétal dorsal] contribue à l'allocation des ressources attentionnelles aux opérations de récupération en mémoire, par exemple pendant la recherche mnésique et la surveillance post-récupération (attention descendante sur la mémoire), tandis que le CPV [cortex pariétal ventral] joue un rôle de médiateur dans le changement du siège de l’attention après la détection de souvenirs pertinents (attention ascendante sur la mémoire […]) » (Ciameralli & Moscovitch, 2020, p. 2). The hypothesis according to which “DPC [dorsal parietal cortex] supports the allocation of attentional resources to memory retrieval operations, for example during memory search and post-retrieval monitor (top-down attention to memory), whereas VPC [ventral parietal cortex] mediates the change in the locus of attention following detection of relevant memories (bottom-up attention to memory […])” (Ciameralli & Moscovitch, 2020, p. 2). attention-to-memory hypothesis hypothèse de l’attention à la mémoire Frank Arnould Angel, L., & Isingrini, M. (2015). Le vieillissement neurocognitif : Entre pertes et compensation. L'Année Psychologique, Vol. 115(2), 289‑324. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503314000104 Haitas, N., Amiri, M., Wilson, M., Joanette, Y., & Steffener, J. (2021). Age-preserved semantic memory and the CRUNCH effect manifested as differential semantic control networks : An fMRI study. PLOS ONE, 16(6), e0249948. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249948 Jamadar, S. D. (2020). The CRUNCH model does not account for load-dependent changes in visuospatial working memory in older adults. Neuropsychologia, 142, 107446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107446 Reuter-Lorenz, P. A., & Cappell, K. A. (2008). Neurocognitive aging and the compensation hypothesis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17(3), 177‑182. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00570.x Reuter-lorenz, P. A., & Mikels, J. A. (2006). The aging mind and brain : Implications of enduring plasticity for behavioral and cultural change. In P. B. Baltes, P. A. Reuter-Lorenz, & F. Rösler (Eds.), Lifespan Development and the Brain (p. 255‑276). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511499722.014 2021-06-16 2023-09-04 CRUNCH CRUNCH "CRUNCH proposes that during task performance, as task difficulty (or load) increases, more cortical regions will be activated. Older adults reach their load capacity sooner than younger adults, so at easy and intermediate levels of task difficulty, they will recruit more neural resources than younger adults – the classic ‘compensation’ effect. At higher levels of load, the compensatory mechanism is no longer effective, leading to less activation and poorer performance in older vs. younger adults." (Jamadar, 2020, p. 2). « CRUNCH propose que pendant l'exécution d'une tâche, plus la difficulté (ou la charge) de la tâche augmente, plus le nombre de régions corticales activées sera important. Les adultes plus âgés atteignent leur capacité de charge plus tôt que les jeunes adultes, de sorte qu'à des niveaux faciles et intermédiaires de difficulté de la tâche, ils recruteront davantage de ressources neuronales que les jeunes adultes - l'effet classique de "compensation". À des niveaux de charge plus élevés, le mécanisme de compensation n'est plus efficace, ce qui entraîne une activation moindre et des performances plus faibles chez les adultes plus âgés que chez les jeunes. » (Jamadar, 2020, p. 2). Compensation Related Utilization of Neural Circuits Hypothesis hypothèse de l'utilisation compensatoire des circuits neuronaux Frank Arnould Hege, A. C. G., & Dodson, C. S. (2004). Why distinctive information reduces false memories: Evidence for both impoverished relational-encoding and distinctiveness heuristic accounts. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30(4), 787–795. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.4.787 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Hypothèse proposée par Hege et Dodson (2004) pour expliquer pourquoi l'étude d'informations distinctives réduit les faux souvenirs. Selon cette hypothèse, les informations distinctives interfèrent avec le codage des informations relationnelles ou associatives, ces dernières étant la source principale des faux souvenirs. The hypothesis proposed by Hege and Dodson (2004) to explain why the study of distinctive information reduces false memories. According to this hypothesis, the distinctive details interfere with the encoding of relational or associative information, the latter being the main source of false memories. encodage relationnel appauvri impoverished relational-encoding Frank Arnould Bugelski, B. R. (1962). Presentation time, total time, and mediation in paired-associate learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 63(4), 409-412. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045665 Cooper, E. H., & Pantle, A. J. (1967). The total-time hypothesis in verbal learning. Psychological Bulletin, 68(4), 221-234. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0025052 Kahana, M. J. (2012). Foundations of human memory. Oxford University Press. Murdock, B. B. J. (1960). The immediate retention of unrelated words. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 60(4), 222-234. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045145 2017-12-04 2023-03-17 loi du temps total total-time law Hypothèse selon laquelle la rétention d'informations dépendrait du temps total alloué pour les étudier. Par exemple, le même nombre d’items devrait être rappelé quand 20 items sont étudiés pendant 3 secondes chacun et quand 60 items sont étudiés pendant 1 seconde chacun (d’après Kahana, 2012, p. 188). “The total-time hypothesis states that a fixed amount of time is necessary to learn a fixed amount of material regardless of the number of individual trials into which that time is divided. If, for example, it takes 10 seconds to learn each of the items of a given list, the total-time hypothesis would predict that a subject could reach criterion in either 20 .5-second-per-item trials or 10 1-second per-item trials or 5 2-second-per-item trials or 1 10-second-per-item trial.” (Cooper & Pantle, 1967, p. 221). hypothèse du temps total total-time hypothesis Frank Arnould Angel, L., & Isingrini, M. (2015). Le vieillissement neurocognitif : Entre pertes et compensation. L'Année Psychologique, Vol. 115(2), 289‑324. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503314000104 Salthouse, T. A. (1996). The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition. Psychological Review, 103(3), 403-428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.103.3.403 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Hypothèse selon laquelle le vieillissement s'accompagnerait d'un ralentissement de la vitesse de traitement des informations. Ce ralentissement pourrait expliquer les difficultés éprouvées par les personnes âgées dans certaines tâches de mémoire. The hypothesis that aging is associated with a slowing of information processing speed, explaining the difficulties older people have with some memory tasks. cognitive slowing ralentissement cognitif ralentissements cognitifs cognitive slowing hypothesis hypothèse du ralentissement cognitif Frank Arnould Pyc, M. A., & Rawson, K. A. (2009). Testing the retrieval effort hypothesis: Does greater difficulty correctly recalling information lead to higher levels of memory? Journal of Memory and Language, 60(4), 437–447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2009.01.004 2017-12-04 2018-04-17 Retention is enhanced with success to difficult memory tests compared to easy memory tests. Réussir des tests de récupération difficiles améliore plus la mémoire que réussir des tests faciles. hypothèse de l'effort de récupération retrieval effort hypothesis Frank Arnould Guskjolen, A., Kenney, J. W., Parra, J. de la, Yeung, B. A., Josselyn, S. A., & Frankland, P. W. (2018). Recovery of “lost” infant memories in mice. Current Biology, 28(14), 2283-2290.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.05.059 Josselyn, S. A., & Frankland, P. W. (2012). Infantile amnesia: A neurogenic hypothesis. Learning & Memory, 19(9), 423-433. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.021311.110 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Antoine Bouyeure hypothèse de la neurogenèse Hypothèse formulée par Josselyn et Frankland (2012) pour expliquer l'amnésie infantile. L'hippocampe des nourrissons (humains, primates non humains et rongeurs) connait une forte neurogenèse provoquant un remplacement des connexions synaptiques existantes dans les circuits hippocampiques de la mémoire (réseaux de neurones de l'hippocampe codant des souvenirs). Par conséquent, ce niveau élevé de neurogenèse s'accompagne d'une incapacité à former des souvenirs stables à long terme. Quand le niveau de neurogenèse décroit, la formation de souvenirs à long terme devient alors possible. The hypothesis proposed by Josselyn and Frankland (2012) to explain infantile amnesia. The hippocampus of infants (humans, non-human primates, and rodents) undergoes a high level of neurogenesis, resulting in the replacement of existing synaptic connections in hippocampal memory circuits (neural networks in the hippocampus that encode memories). Therefore, this high level of neurogenesis is accompanied by an inability to form stable long-term memories. When the level of neurogenesis decreases, the formation of long-term memories becomes possible. hypothèse neurogénétique neurogenic hypthothesis Frank Arnould Badham, S. P., Justice, L. V., Jones, L. N., & Myers, J. A. C. (in press). An older adult advantage in autobiographical recall. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition. https://doi.org/10.1080/13825585.2022.2063789 Craik, F. (2022). Reducing age-related memory deficits: The roles of environmental support and self-initiated processing activities. Experimental Aging Research, 48, 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/0361073X.2022.2084660 Craik, F. I. M. (1986). A functional account of age differences in memory. In F. Klix & H. Hagendorf (Eds.), Human memory and cognitive capabilities (pp. 409-422). Elsevier. 2017-12-04 2023-04-19 Hypothèse selon laquelle les adultes âgés échoueraient dans différentes tâches de mémoire, car ils éprouveraient plus de difficultés que les jeunes adultes à initier d’eux-mêmes des opérations de traitement. Des informations présentes dans l’environnement leur permettraient alors de compenser ces difficultés. The hypothesis that older adults fail at various memory tasks because they are thought to have more difficulty than younger adults in initiating information processing on their own. Information from the environment is used to compensate for these difficulties. environmental support hypothesis hypothèse du soutien environnemental Frank Arnould Schouten, J. F., & Bekker, J. A. M. (1967). Reaction time and accuracy. Acta Psychologica, 27, 143-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6918(67)90054-6 2017-12-04 2022-03-16 Dans un test de reconnaissance, le sujet est invité à reconnaitre ou non chaque item après un signal dont l'expérimentateur fait varier le moment d'apparition de manière aléatoire en fonction des essais. In a recognition test, the subject is asked to recognize or not each item after a signal of which the experimenter randomly varies the time of occurrence. procédure du signal de la réponse response signal procedure Frank Arnould Abdi, H. (1994). Les réseaux de neurones. Presses Universitaires de Grenoble. Alexandre, F. (2000). Modèles connexionnistes de la mémoire. Thérapie, 55, 525-532. Bechtel, W., Abrahamsen, A. (1993). Le connexionnisme et l'esprit. Introduction au traitement parallèle par réseaux. La découverte. McCulloch, W. S., & Pitts, W. (1943). A logical calculus of the ideas immanent in nervous activity. Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, 5, 115‑133. https://doi-org.insb.bib.cnrs.fr/10.1007/BF02478259 McCullogh, W.S., Pitts, W. (1943). Un calcul logique des idées immanentes dans l'activité nerveuse. In Pélissier, A., Tête, A. (Eds.), (1995). Sciences cognitives : textes fondateurs. PUF. Mermillod, M. (2014). Les réseaux de neurones artificiels. De Boeck. Murre, J. M. J. (2010). Connectionist models of forgetting. In S. Della Sala (Ed.), Forgetting (pp. 77–99). Psychology Press. Rosenblatt, F. (1958). The perceptron: A probabilistic model for information storage and organization in the brain. Psychological Review, 65(6), 386–408. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0042519 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 ANN model artifical neural network model connectionism connectionist network connexionnisme formal neural network model modèle de réseau de neurones modèle de réseau de neurones artificiels modèle de réseau de neurones formels neoconnectionism neural network model néoconnexionnisme parallel distributed processing réseau connexionniste réseau neuronal artificiel traitement parallèle distribué Terme général pour désigner l’un des paradigmes des sciences cognitives s’inspirant du fonctionnement du cerveau (bien que certains auteurs contestent la réalité biologique des modèles connexionnistes.) Les modèles connexionnistes essaient de rendre compte des activités cognitives comme la mémoire, la perception, le langage en supposant que celles-ci s’effectuent au moyen de réseaux d’unités de traitement de l’information élémentaires (qualifiés de réseaux de neurones artificiels.) Ainsi, un souvenir dans ces modèles de simulation est considéré comme un état particulier d’un réseau et est caractérisé notamment par le poids des connexions entre les unités. The general term for one of the paradigms in cognitive science, inspired by the functioning of the brain (although some authors challenge the biological reality of connectionist models.) Connectionist models attempt to account for cognitive activities such as memory, perception, language, assuming these are done through networks of elementary information processing units (referred to as artificial neural networks). Thus, a memory in these simulation models is considered to be a particular state of a network and is characterized in particular by the weights of the connections between the units. ANN models artifical neural network models connectionist models connectionist networks formal neural network models modèles connexionnistes modèles de réseaux de neurones modèles de réseaux de neurones artificiels modèles de réseaux de neurones formels neural network models réseaux connexionnistes réseaux neuronaux artificiels traitements parallèles distribués connectionist model modèle connexionniste Frank Arnould Caliskan, A., & Lewis, M. (2020). Social biases in word embeddings and their relation to human cognition. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/d84kg Kumar, A. A. (2021). Semantic memory : A review of methods, models, and current challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(1), 40‑80. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01792-x [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Lake, B. M., & Murphy, G. L. (in press). Word meaning in minds and machines. Psychological Review. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000297 2021-06-08 2023-09-04 plongement de mots "Les plongements de mots sont des représentations numériques de mots de faible dimension, générées par des méthodes d'intelligence artificielle (IA) qui prennent en compte les statistiques de cooccurrence des mots. L'hypothèse sur laquelle reposent ces modèles est que les mots situés à proximité les uns des autres dans l'espace vectoriel sont sémantiquement similaires. La similarité entre deux sens de mots, tels que "assiette" et "bol", peut être quantifiée par la similarité cosinus entre les vecteurs correspondants dans le modèle." (Calistan & Lewis, 2020, p. 3). "Word embeddings are low-dimensional numeric representations of words generated by artificial intelligence (AI) methods that capture word co-occurrence statistics. The assumption in these models is that words located in close proximity to one another in the vector space are semantically similar. The similarity between two word meanings, such as “plate" and “bowl", can be quantified by taking the cosine distance between the corresponding vectors in the model." (Calistan & Lewis, 2020, p. 3). plongements de mots plongements lexicaux word embeddings plongement lexical word embedding Frank Arnould Bellissens, M., Thérouanne, P., & Denhiere, G. (2004). Les modèles vectoriels de la mémoire sémantique: Description, validation et perspectives. Le Langage et L’Homme : Logopédie, Psychologie, Audiologie, 34, 101–122. Günther, F., Rinaldi, L., & Marelli, M. (2019). Vector-space models of semantic representation from a cognitive perspective : A discussion of common misconceptions. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1745691619861372. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691619861372 Kumar, A. A. (2020). Semantic memory : A review of methods, models, and current challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01792-x 2020-10-26 Jones, M. N., Willits, J. A., & Dennis, S. (2015). Models of semantic memory. In J. R. Busemeyer, Z. Wang, J. T. Townsend, & A. Eidels (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of computational and mathematical psychology (p. 232‑254). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 corpus-based model distributional semantic model modèle de cooccurrence de mots modèle de l'espace sémantique modèle sémantique distributionnel modèle à base de corpus semantic-space model vector-space model word co-occurrence model "A general approach to concept learning and representation from statistical redundancies in the environment." (Jones et al., 2015, p. 250). « Approche générale de l'apprentissage et de la représentation des concepts à partir des redondances statistiques présentes dans l'environnement. » (Jones et al., 2015, p. 250). corpus-based models distributional models distributional semantic models modèle de co-occurrence de mots modèles de co-occurrence de mots modèles de cooccurrence de mots modèles de l'espace sémantique modèles distributionnels modèles sémantiques distributionnels modèles à base de corpus semantic-space models vector-space models word co-occurrence models distributional model modèle distributionnel Frank Arnould Oberauer, K., Lewandowsky, S., Farrell, S., Jarrold, C., & Greaves, M. (2012). Modeling working memory: An interference model of complex span. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 19(5), 779-819. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-012-0272-4 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 SOB-CS Serial Order in a Box – Complex Span Connectionist model of the complex span explaining the limitations of working memory capacity by interference mechanisms: "SOB-CS is a two-layer neural network that associates distributed item representations with distributed, overlapping position markers. Memory capacity limits are explained by interference from a superposition of associations. Concurrent processing interferes with memory through involuntary encoding of distractors. Free time in-between distractors is used to remove irrelevant representations, thereby reducing interference." (Oberauer et al., 2012, p. 779). Modèle connexionniste de l'empan complexe expliquant les limites de la capacité de la mémoire de travail par des mécanismes d'interférence. SOB-CS SOB-CS model modèle SOB-CS Frank Arnould Brown, G. D. A., Preece, T., & Hulme, C. (2000). Oscillator-based memory for serial order. Psychological Review, 107(1), 127-181. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.107.1.127 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 OSCillator-based Associative Recall A computational model of serial recall in short-term memory. Each item in a list is represented by a vector. This vector is associated with a dynamic vector representing the context, through Hebbian learning. The vector of the learning context represents the successive changes of different temporal oscillators throughout the sequence of presentation of the items. These oscillators operate at different frequencies (some are slow, other fast). Remembering the order of items consists of reinstating the temporal learning context by resetting the oscillators. Each successive state context is then used to retrieve the vector of the item associated with it. Modèle computationnel du rappel sériel en mémoire à court terme. Chaque item d'une liste est représenté par un vecteur. Ce vecteur est associé à un vecteur dynamique, représentant le contexte, par apprentissage hebbien. Le vecteur du contexte d'apprentissage représente les changements d'état de différents oscillateurs temporels tout au long de la séquence de présentation des items. Ces oscillateurs fonctionnent à des fréquences différentes (certains sont lents, d'autres rapides). Rappeler l'ordre des items consiste à restaurer le contexte temporel d'apprentissage en réinitialisant les oscillateurs. Chaque état successif du contexte sert alors d'indice pour récupérer le vecteur de l'item qui lui est associé. OSCAR model modèle OSCAR Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 réseau de neurones non bouclé réseau de neurones à propagation avant Type de réseau neuronal dans lequel l'activation se propage dans une seule direction, de la couche d'entrée vers la couche cachée, puis de la couche cachée vers la couche de sortie. Type of neural network in which the activation is propagated in one direction from the input layer to the hidden layer, and then from the hidden layer to the output layer. feedforward neural networks réseaux de neurones non bouclés réseaux de neurones unidirectionnels réseaux de neurones à propagation avant feedforward neural network réseau de neurones unidirectionnel Frank Arnould Lund, K., & Burgess, C. (1996). Producing high-dimensional semantic spaces from lexical co-occurrence. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 28(2), 203‑208. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03204766 2020-10-26 2023-09-04 Hyperspace Analog to Language model modèle Hyperspace Analog to Language A computational model of semantic memory based on the analysis of the co-occurrence frequency of words in texts in order to represent the meaning of these words and their similarities in a high-dimensional semantic space. Modèle computationnel de la mémoire sémantique qui se base sur l’analyse de la fréquence de cooccurrence des mots dans des textes pour représenter le sens de ces mots et leurs similarités dans un espace sémantique à grande dimension. HAL model modèle HAL Frank Arnould Blei, D. M. (2012). Probabilistic topic models. Communications of the ACM, 55(4), 77-84. https://doi.org/10.1145/2133806.2133826 Griffiths, T. L., & Steyvers, M. (2004). Finding scientific topics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101(suppl 1), 5228‑5235. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0307752101 Griffiths, T. L., Steyvers, M., & Tenenbaum, J. B. (2007). Topics in semantic representation. Psychological Review, 114(2), 211‑244. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.2.211 Kumar, A. A. (2020). Semantic memory : A review of methods, models, and current challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01792-x 2020-10-28 Jones, M. N., Willits, J. A., & Dennis, S. (2015). Models of semantic memory. In J. R. Busemeyer, Z. Wang, J. T. Townsend, & A. Eidels (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of computational and mathematical psychology (p. 232‑254). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 modèle thématique topic model topic modeling "A generative probabilistic model that uses Bayesian inference to abstract the mental “topics” used to compose a set of documents." (Jones et al., 2015, p. 251). « Modèle probabiliste génératif qui utilise l'inférence bayésienne pour abstraire les "thèmes" mentaux qui servent à composer un ensemble de documents. » (Jones et al., 2015, p. 251). modèles de topiques probabilistes modèles thématiques probabilistic topic models topic modelling topic models modèle de topiques probabiliste probabilistic topic model Heathcote, A., & Matzke, D. (2022). Winner takes all! What are race models, and why and how should psychologists use them? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 31(5), 383–394. https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221095852 Miller, J. (2016). Statistical facilitation and the redundant signals effect: What are race and coactivation models? Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 78(2), 516–519. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-015-1017-z Raab, D. H. (1962). Statistical facilitation of simple reaction times. Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences, 24(5 Series II), 574–590. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2164-0947.1962.tb01433.x 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-15 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human A quantitative model in which decision-making results from a competition between two or more cognitive processes. Modèle quantitatif concevant la prise de décision comme résultant de la course entre deux ou plusieurs processus cognitifs. modèle de course race model Frank Arnould Hintzman, D. L. (1986). « Schema abstraction » in a multiple-trace memory model. Psychological Review, 93(4), 411‑428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.93.4.411 Logan, G. D. (1988). Toward an instance theory of automatization. Psychological Review, 95(4), 492‑527. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.95.4.492 Whittlesea, B. W. (1987). Preservation of specific experiences in the representation of general knowledge. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 13(1), 3‑17. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.13.1.3 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 Computational models of memory in which each encoded item will leave a unique trace in memory. Modèles computationnels de la mémoire dans lesquels chaque élément encodé va laisser une trace unique en mémoire. modèles à traces multiples multiple trace models modèle à traces multiples multiple trace model Frank Arnould Anderson, J. R., Bothell, D., Byrne, M. D., Douglass, S., Lebiere, C., & Qin, Y. (2004). An integrated theory of the mind. Psychological Review, 111(4), 1036–1060. https://doi.org/10.7/0033-295X.111.4.1036 Ritter, F. E., Tehranchi, F., & Oury, J. D. (2019). ACT-R: A cognitive architecture for modeling cognition. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 10(3), e1488. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1488 2017-12-04 2023-03-29 ACT-R ACT-R "ACT-R is a theory of the mechanisms that make up cognition, a cognitive architecture. The theory posits a fixed set of mechanisms that use task knowledge to perform a task thereby predicting and explaining the steps of cognition that form human behavior. Thus, it is one example of a unified theory of cognition […]. Currently, it also predicts the activation of brain regions used to generate behavior by using mechanisms that make use of procedural (how to do a task) and declarative (facts about the world) knowledge, and working memory as activation, to perform tasks." (Ritter et al., 2019). ACT-R est une architecture cognitive qui propose une théorie unifiée de la cognition. La théorie comprend différents modules (en particulier, des modules perceptivo-moteurs, de mémoire déclarative, de buts, de mémoire procédurale, de mémoire de travail). Elle décrit la manière dont leur fonctionnement est intégré pour produire un comportement, ainsi que les régions cérébrales associées. ACT-R est une théorie hybride, associant des traitements sériels à des traitements parallèles de l’information et possède un niveau symbolique (règles, faits, buts) et un niveau subsymbolique. Elle permet de créer des modèles de simulation de la cognition, dont des modèles de l’apprentissage et de la mémoire. Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational Frank Arnould Lambon Ralph, M. A. L., Jefferies, E., Patterson, K., & Rogers, T. T. (2017). The neural and computational bases of semantic cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 18(1), 42‑55. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn.2016.150 Patterson, K., Nestor, P. J., & Rogers, T. T. (2007). Where do you know what you know? The representation of semantic knowledge in the human brain. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 8(12), 976-987. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2277 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 A model of semantic memory. Sensory and motor information of a concept are processed by different modality-specific brain regions (spokes). These regions interact with a semantic hub, located in the lateral temporal lobes, which represents the concept in a unified and amodal manner. Modèle de la mémoire sémantique. Différentes régions du cerveau traitent les modalités sensorielles et motrices d'un concept. Ces régions interagissent avec un hub sémantique, localisé dans les lobes temporaux latéraux, qui représente un concept de manière unifiée et amodale. hub and spoke model modèle hub-and-spoke Frank Arnould Ratcliff, R. (1978). A theory of memory retrieval. Psychological Review, 85(2), 59-108. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.85.2.59. Ratcliff, R., Smith, P. L., Brown, S. D., & McKoon, G. (2016). Diffusion decision model: Current issues and history. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 20(4), 260-281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2016.01.007 Voss, A., Voss, J., & Lerche, V. (2015). Assessing cognitive processes with diffusion model analyses: a tutorial based on fast-dm-30. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 336. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00336. http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00336/full 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 diffusion modeling A mathematical model for analyzing the cognitive processes involved in binary decision tasks. It was initially developed to understand recognition memory (Ratcliff, 1978), and is now applied to other cognitive and memory activities. Modèle mathématique permettant d'analyser les processus cognitifs impliqués dans des tâches de décision binaires. Développé initialement pour comprendre la mémoire de reconnaissance (Ratcliff, 1978), il est aujourd'hui appliqué à d'autres activités cognitives et mnésiques. diffusion models modèles de diffusion diffusion model modèle de diffusion Frank Arnould Clark, S. E., & Gronlund, S. D. (1996). Global matching models of recognition memory: How the models match the data. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 3(1), 37–60. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03210740 Gillund, G., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1984). A retrieval model for both recognition and recall. Psychological Review, 91(1), 1-67. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-295X.91.1.1 Hintzman, D. L. (1984). MINERVA 2 : A simulation model of human memory. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 16(2), 96‑101. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202365 Humphreys, M. S., Bain, J. D., & Pike, R. (1989). Different ways to cue a coherent memory system: A theory for episodic, semantic, and procedural tasks. Psychological Review, 96(2), 208-233. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.96.2.208 Murdock, B. B. (1982). A theory for the storage and retrieval of item and associative information. Psychological Review, 89(6), 609-626. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.89.6.609 Osth, A. F., & Dennis, S. (in press). Global matching models of recognition memory. In M. J. Kahana & A. D. Wagner (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Human Memory. Oxford University Press. Osth, A. F., Zhou, A., Lilburn, S. D., & Little, D. R. (in press). Novelty rejection in episodic memory. Psychological Review. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000407 Pike, R. (1984). Comparison of convolution and matrix distributed memory systems for associative recall and recognition. Psychological Review, 91(3), 281‑294. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.91.3.281 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 Computational models of memory "in which the probe item is matched against each item in memory and the similarity is computed. Subsequently, each of the similarities is aggregated via summation or averaging, producing a measure of global similarity that indexes the similarity between the probe cue and the stored memories." (Osth et al., in press). Modèles computationnels de la mémoire dans lesquels « l’item sonde est comparé à chaque item de la mémoire et la similarité est calculée. Ensuite, chacune des similarités est agrégée par sommation ou moyennage, produisant une mesure de similarité globale qui indique la similarité entre l’indice sonde et les souvenirs stockés » (Osth et al., sous presse). global matching models modèles à appariement global global matching model modèle à appariement global Frank Arnould Henson, R. N. A. (1998). Short-term memory for serial order: The Start-End Model. Cognitive Psychology, 36(2), 73–137. https://doi.org/10.1006/cogp.1998.0685 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Start-End Model A computational model of serial recall in short-term memory (Henson, 1998). The position of an item in a sequence is encoded according to its position relative to the start and the end of the list, resulting in the formation of an episodic token of the position after each presentation and repetition of the item. Serial recall is achieved by selecting the best token for each position from the positional coding as a cue. Modèle computationnel du rappel sériel en mémoire à court terme (Henson, 1998). La position d’un item dans une séquence est codée en fonction de sa position relative par rapport au début et à la fin de la liste, aboutissant à la formation d'une représentation épisodique (episodic token) de la position à chaque présentation et répétition de l'item. Le rappel sériel s'effectue en sélectionnant la meilleure représentation pour chaque position à partir du codage positionnel. SEM model modèle SEM Frank Arnould Dennis, S., & Humphreys, M. S. (2001). A context noise model of episodic word recognition. Psychological Review, 108(2), 452–478. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.108.2.452 Starns, J. J., White, C. N., & Ratcliff, R. (2010). A direct test of the differentiation mechanism: REM, BCDMEM, and the strength-based mirror effect in recognition memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 63(1), 18–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2010.03.004 2020-06-22 2023-09-04 BCDMEM model modèle BCDMEM "BCDMEM [bind cue decide model of episodic memory] assumes that word recognition is a context noise process that involves cuing with a word to retrieve the set of contexts in which that word has been encountered. Performance is determined primarily by the other contexts in which the word has appeared and the degree of overlap between the study context and the context that the participant reinstates at test." (Dennis & Humphreys, 2001, p. 452). « Le modèle BCDMEM [bind cue decide model of episodic memory] part du principe que la reconnaissance de mots repose sur un processus de bruit contextuel qui consiste à partir d'un mot servant d'indice pour retrouver l'ensemble des contextes dans lesquels ce mot a été rencontré. La performance est principalement déterminée par les autres contextes dans lesquels le mot est apparu et le degré de chevauchement entre le contexte d'étude et le contexte que le participant rétablit au test. » (Dennis & Humphreys, 2001, p. 452). bind cue decide model of episodic memory modèle liage indice décision de la mémoire épisodique Frank Arnould Chater, N., Oaksford, M., Hahn, U., & Heit, E. (2010). Bayesian models of cognition. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 1(6), 811-823. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.79 Griffiths, T. L., Kemp, C., & Tenenbaum, J. B. (2008). Bayesian models of cognition. In R. Sun (Éds.), Cambridge Handbook of Computational Pychology (p. 59–100). Cambridge University Press. 2017-12-04 2023-09-04 Le cerveau serait constamment en train d’effectuer des prédictions et de prendre des décisions dans l’incertitude en essayant de trouver une réponse optimale. Une approche en sciences cognitives tente de modéliser ce mode de fonctionnement en faisant appel à une formule élaborée par le mathématicien britannique Thomas Bayes (1702-1761). Très schématiquement, cette formule permet d’évaluer la probabilité d’un évènement au fur et à mesure que de nouvelles informations sont connues. L'approche bayésienne est utilisée pour modéliser de nombreuses activités cognitives, dont certains phénomènes de la mémoire. The brain is constantly making predictions and decisions under uncertainty, trying to find an optimal response. An approach in cognitive science attempts to model this mode of functioning by using a formula developed by the British mathematician Thomas Bayes (1702-1761). In a nutshell, this formula evaluates the probability of an event as new information becomes known. The Bayesian approach is used to model many cognitive activities, including memory. bayesian models modèles bayésiens bayesian model modèle bayésien Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 Espace multidimensionnel permettant de représenter le sens des mots. Multidimensional space used to represent word meanings. espaces sémantiques semantic spaces espace sémantique semantic space Frank Arnould Smith, R. E., & Bayen, U. J. (2004). A multinomial model of event-based prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30(4), 756–777. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.4.756 2021-09-03 2023-09-04 multinomial processing tree model A statistical model of event-based prospective memory based on multinomial processing tree models and on the theory of preparatory attentional and memory processes (PAM). It is used to estimate several parameters, especially the retrospective and prospective components of prospective memory. Modèle statistique de la mémoire prospective événementielle basé sur les modèles multinomiaux d’arbre de traitement (multinomial processing tree models) et sur la théorie des processus mnésiques et attentionnels préparatoires (PAM). Il permet d’estimer plusieurs paramètres, en particulier les composantes rétrospective et prospective de la mémoire prospective. modèle multinomial de la mémoire prospective multinomial model of prospective memory Frank Arnould Smith, E. E., Shoben, E. J., & Rips, L. J. (1974). Structure and process in semantic memory: A featural model for semantic decisions. Psychological review, 81(3), 214–241. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0036351 2017-12-04 2022-02-17 Model of semantic memory (Smith et al., 1974) according to which a concept is represented by a list of semantic features: sufficient and necessary features, called defining features, and characteristic features, which are typical of a concept or are non-essential. The processing of relationships between concepts is performed by comparison of their features. Modèle de la mémoire sémantique (Smith et al., 1974) selon lequel un concept est représenté par une liste de traits sémantiques. Certains traits sont dits définitoires (defining features) et sont nécessaires et suffisants. D'autres traits sont dits caractéristiques (characteristic features), typiques d'un concept ou non essentiels. Le traitement des relations entre les concepts s'effectue par la comparaison de leurs traits. feature comparison model modèle de comparaison de traits Frank Arnould Barrouillet, P., & Camos, V. (2014). Working memory: Loss and reconstruction. Psychology Press. Barrouillet, P., Bernardin, S., & Camos, V. (2004). Time constraints and resource sharing in adults’ working memory spans. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133(1), 83–100. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.133.1.83 Camos, V., & Barrouillet, P. (2014). Le développement de la mémoire de travail : perspectives dans le cadre du modèle de partage temporel des ressources. Psychologie Française, 59(1), 21-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psfr.2012.12.003 2017-12-04 2022-02-18 TBRS model modèle TBRS Model in which the functioning of working memory is based on the alternation between storage and information processing activities. Modèle selon lequel le fonctionnement de la mémoire de travail repose sur l’alternance entre les activités de stockage et de traitement des informations. modèle du partage temporel des ressources time-based resource sharing model Oberauer, K., & Lin, H.-Y. (2016, September 5). Interference Model of Visual Working Memory. https://osf.io/wgqd5/ Frank Arnould Lin, H.-Y., & Oberauer, K. (2022). An interference model for visual working memory : Applications to the change detection task. Cognitive Psychology, 133, 101463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2022.101463 Oberauer, K., & Lin, H.-Y. (2017). An interference model of visual working memory. Psychological Review, 124(1), 21‑59. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000044 2022-03-01 2023-09-04 Computational model of visual working memory according to which its “capacity limit emerges from interference between representations maintained in working memory at the same time“ (Lin & Oberauer, 2022). Modèle computationnel de la mémoire de travail visuelle selon lequel sa "limite de capacité émerge de l'interférence entre les représentations maintenues dans la mémoire de travail au même moment" (Lin & Oberauer, 2022). interference model modèle d’interférence Frank Arnould Valentine, T., & Endo, M. (1992). Towards an Exemplar Model of Face Processing: The Effects of Race and Distinctiveness. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 44(4), 671–703. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640749208401305 Valentine, T., Lewis, M. B., & Hills, P. J. (2016). Face-space: A unifying concept in face recognition research. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69(10), 1996–2019. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2014.990392 2017-12-04 2023-07-18 face space model Model developed by Tim Valentine and collaborators describing how faces are thought to be stored in memory. Each face is represented by a value related to the dimensions of different aspects of a face (length of nose, elongation of the face, etc). Typical faces are concentrated in space and closest to the intersections of the axes. Distinctive faces are more distant and isolated, which would explain why the latter are better recognized than the former. There are actually two versions of the model: the exemplar model (faces are represented independently of a norm) and the prototype model (faces are represented as deviations from a prototype). Modèle développé par Tim Valentine et collaborateurs, décrivant la manière dont seraient stockés les visages en mémoire. Chaque visage est représenté par une valeur sur des dimensions décrivant différents aspects des visages (longueur du nez, élongation du visage...) Les visages typiques sont concentrés dans l'espace et plus proches du croisement des axes. Les visages distinctifs sont plus éloignés et isolés. Ceci expliquerait pourquoi les seconds sont mieux reconnus que les premiers. Il existe en fait deux versions du modèle : le modèle par exemplaires (les visages sont représentés indépendamment d'une norme) et le modèle par prototype (les visages sont représentés comme des déviations par rapport à un prototype).     modèle de l'espace multidimensionnel des visages multidimensional face space model Frank Arnould Bills, A. G. (1934). General experimental psychology. Longmans, Green and co. 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 S shape learning curve courbe d'apprentissage en S courbe d'apprentissage sigmoïde sigmoid learning curve A type of learning curve that indicates that the learning process starts slowly and then accelerates before it stabilizes. Type de courbe d'apprentissage indiquant que l'apprentissage débute lentement, puis s'accélère avant de se stabiliser. courbe d'apprentissage en ogive ogive learning curve Frank Arnould Bills, A. G. (1934). General experimental psychology. Longmans, Green and co. 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 accélération négative courbe à accélération négative negative acceleration negative learning curve A type of learning curve that shows that learning is rapid at first, and then gradually slows down to reach a point where no further progress is observed (the asymptote). Type de courbe d'apprentissage montrant qu'un apprentissage est d'abord rapide puis ralentit graduellement jusqu'à atteindre un stade où plus aucun progrès n'est observé (asymptote). courbe d'apprentissage à accélération négative negative acceleration learning curve Frank Arnould Bills, A. G. (1934). General experimental psychology. Longmans, Green and co. 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 accélération positive courbe à accélération positive positive acceleration positive acceleration curve A type of learning curve that indicates that the learning process starts slowly and then accelerates. Type de courbe d'apprentissage indiquant que l'apprentissage débute lentement puis s'accélère. courbe d'apprentissage à accélération positive positive acceleration learning curve Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (p. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-03-15 fonction zROC z-ROC z-ROC zROC function The zRoc is a z-transformation of a ROC curve obtained by the computation of the z-scores of the hit and false alarms rates. Transformation z d'une courbe ROC en calculant le score z des taux de détections correctes et de fausses alarmes. courbes zROC fonctions zROC zROC curves zROC functions courbe zROC zROC curve Frank Arnould Donders, F. C. (1868/1969). On the speed of mental processes. Acta Psychologica, 30, 412–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6918(69)90065-1 Donders, F.C. (1868/2001). La vitesse des actes psychiques. Psychologie et Histoire, 2, 188-204. https://sites.google.com/site/psychologieethistoire/DONDERS.HTM Yamaguchi, M., & Schweickert, R. (2019). Response time measure in memory research. In H. Otani & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in human memory (p. 67–83). Routledge. 2018-11-05 2022-03-13 latence de la réponse response latency response time temps de réponse Temps qui s’écoule entre le début du stimulus et le début de la réponse à ce stimulus. Time elapsed between the onset of the stimulus and the onset of the response to that stimulus. reaction times response latencies response times reaction time temps de réaction Frank Arnould Kahana, M. J., & Jacobs, J. (2000). Interresponse times in serial recall: Effects of intraserial repetition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 26(5), 1188-1197. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.26.5.1188 Rohrer, D., & Wixted, J. T. (1994). An analysis of latency and interresponse time in free recall. Memory & Cognition, 22(5), 511–524. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198390 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 Temps écoulé entre deux réponses dans un test de rappel libre ou sériel. Time between two responses in a free or serial recall test. interresponse times interresponse time temps inter-réponses Frank Arnould Bousfield, W. A. (1953). The occurrence of clustering in the recall of randomly arranged associates. Journal of General Psychology, 49(2), 229. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1953.9712878 Coquin-Viennot, D. (1975). Recherche d’une organisation interne dans un ensemble de données. L’année Psychologique, 75(2), 575–597. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1975.28113 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 partitionnement A strategy for grouping recalled items according to common features (e.g. semantic grouping, grouping by sensory modality of item presentation or by encoding task). Stratégie de regroupement des items rappelés en fonction d'attributs communs (par exemple, regroupement sémantique, regroupement en fonction de la modalité sensorielle de présentation des items ou de la tâche d'encodage). clustering regroupement Frank Arnould Jacobs, J. (1887). Experiments on « Prehension ». Mind, 12(45), 75‑79. https://doi.org/10.2307/2246990 Miller, G. A. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two : Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 63(2), 81‑97. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043158 Shipstead, Z., & Nespodzany, A. (2019). Methods of studying working memory. In H. Otani & B. L. Schwartz (Éds.), Hnadbook of research methods in human memory (p. 84‑103). Routledge. 2021-08-31 2023-09-04 empan span Nombre maximum d'items dont un individu est capable de se souvenir en mémoire à court terme ou en mémoire de travail. The maximum number of items an individual is able to remember in short-term or working memory. empans empans mnésiques memory spans spans empan mnésique memory span Fisher Altevogt, L., Calabrese, P., Kalbe, E., & Kessler, J. (2002). DemTect: Un nouvel outil diagnostique de détection de la démence. Revue De Geriatrie, 27(6), 437–444. Kalbe, E., Kessler, J., Calabrese, P., Smith, R., Passmore, A. P., Brand, M., & Bullock, R. (2004). DemTect: A new, sensitive cognitive screening test to support the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and early dementia. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19(2), 136–143. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.1042 2023-03-30 Frank Arnould 2023-03-30 Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Homme Human A cognitive screening tool for the diagnostic of mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia: immediate and delayed word recall, number transcoding, semantic word fluency, backward digit span. Outil de dépistage cognitif pour le diagnostic du déficit cognitif léger et la démence : rappel immédiat et différé de mots, transcodage de nombres, fluence verbale sémantique et empan de chiffres inversé. DemTect DemTect Frank Arnould Luck, S. J., & Vogel, E. K. (1997). The capacity of visual working memory for features and conjunctions. Nature, 390(6657), 279–281. https://doi.org/10.1038/36846 Phillips, W. A. (1974). On the distinction between sensory storage and short-term visual memory. Perception & Psychophysics, 16(2), 283-290. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03203943 Rouder, J. N., Morey, R. D., Morey, C. C., & Cowan, N. (2011). How to measure working memory capacity in the change detection paradigm. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 18(2), 324–330. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-011-0055-3 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 change detection task comparaison d'arrangements visuels tâche de détection du changement visual arrays task visual-array comparison A method for the study of visual working memory capacity (Luck & Vogel, 1997). In each trial, a series of items (e.g. colored squares), whose number varies from one trial to another, is presented to the subject, followed, after a short delay, by an arrangement test. The subject is asked to indicate whether this arrangement is identical or different (e.g. one of the squares has a different color) to the previous arrangement. This method enables to study visual working memory capacity for a characteristic of an object (e.g. color), and a combination of characteristics (color and orientation, for example). Méthode d’évaluation de la capacité de la mémoire de travail visuelle (Luck & Vogel, 1997). À chaque essai, une série d’éléments (par exemple, des carrés colorés), dont le nombre varie d’un essai à l’autre, est présentée au sujet, et suivie, après un bref délai, d’un arrangement test. Le sujet doit indiquer si cet arrangement est identique ou différent (par exemple, l’un des carrés a changé de couleur) de l’arrangement précédent. La précision de cette discrimination en fonction du nombre d’items dans les arrangements  détermine le nombre d’éléments qui peuvent être retenus avec exactitude en mémoire de travail. Cette méthode permet d’étudier la capacité de la mémoire de travail visuelle pour une caractéristique d’un objet (par exemple, la couleur), et pour une conjonction de caractéristiques (couleur et orientation, par exemple). change detection détection du changement change detection paradigm paradigme de détection du changement Frank Arnould Manoochehri, M. (2021). Up to the magical number seven : An evolutionary perspective on the capacity of short term memory. Heliyon, 7(5), e06955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06955 2021-06-25 2023-09-04 chunking simple « Processus de regroupement simple consiste à former un seul regroupement en utilisant des éléments élémentaires. » (Manoochehri, 2021) “simple chunking refers to forming a single chunk by using elementary items” (Manoochehri, 2021). processus de regroupement simple simple chunking Frank Arnould Buschke, H. (1963a). Relative retention in immediate memory determined by the Missing Scan Method. Nature, 200(4911), 1129–1130. https://doi.org/10.1038/2001129b0 Buschke, H. (1963b). Retention in immediate memory estimated without retrieval. Science, 140(3562), 56–57. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.140.3562.56 2017-12-04 2022-05-18 Method for measuring the storage capacity of short-term memory, which is thought to be independent of the effects of the retrieval processes (recognition or recall). The experimenter shows series of digits (in random order), and after each series, the subject is asked to indicate the missing digit. Méthode de mesure de la capacité de stockage de la mémoire à court terme, qui serait indépendante des effets des processus de récupération (reconnaissance ou rappel). L'expérimentateur présente des séries de chiffres (en ordre aléatoire) et, après chaque série, le sujet doit indiquer le chiffre manquant. La réussite dans cette tâche exige donc la rétention des chiffres présentés. missing scan task tâche de recherche de l'item manquant Norris, D. G., & Kalm, K. (2019, June 27). Chunking and redintegration in verbal short-term memory. https://osf.io/mkc26/ Thalmann, M., Souza, A. S., & Oberauer, K. (2019, September 12). How Chunking Helps Working Memory. https://osf.io/jjfbh/ Frank Arnould Gilchrist, A. L., & Cowan, N. (2012). Chunking. In V. S. Ramachandran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Human Behavior (Second Edition) (pp. 476–483). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-375000-6.00089-6 Gobet, F., Lane, P. C., Croker, S., Cheng, P. C., Jones, G., Oliver, I., & Pine, J. M. (2001). Chunking mechanisms in human learning. Trends in cognitive sciences, 5(6), 236‑243. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01662-4 Miller, G. A. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two : Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 63(2), 81‑97. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043158 Norris, D., & Kalm, K. (2021). Chunking and data compression in verbal short-term memory. Cognition, 208, 104534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104534 Norris, D., Kalm, K., & Hall, J. (2020). Chunking and redintegration in verbal short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 46(5), 872‑893. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000762 Thalmann, M., Souza, A. S., & Oberauer, K. (2019). How does chunking help working memory? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 45(1), 37‑55. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000578 Tosatto, L., Fagot, J., & Rey, A. (2023). The dynamics of chunking in humans (Homo sapiens) and Guinea baboons (Papio papio). Journal of Comparative Psychology, No Pagination Specified-No Pagination Specified. https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000336 2021-08-09 2023-09-04 chunking Processus consistant à combiner des informations en unités, généralement en se servant de représentations pré-existantes en mémoire à long terme. The process of combining information into units, usually using pre-existing representations from long-term memory. chunking processus de groupement Frank Arnould Towse, J., Hitch, G., Hamilton, Z., Miller, K., & M Z Hutton, U. (2005). Working memory period: The endurance of mental representations. The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology, 58, 547–571. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980443000098 2017-12-04 2022-02-23 Method for studying working memory developed by Towse et al (2005). According to the authors, it consists in measuring "endurance limits for remembering a fixed number of items during concurrent processing" (p. 547). Méthode d'étude de la mémoire de travail mise au point par Towse et al. (2005). Selon les auteurs, elle consiste à mesurer les « limites d'endurance pour se souvenir d'un nombre fixe d'items lors d'un traitement concurrent » (p. 547). paradigme de la période de la mémoire de travail working memory period paradigm Meier, M. E. (2016, November 15). Meier et al. Working Memory Capacity and the Antisaccade Task. https://osf.io/yrphw/ Frank Arnould Hallett, P. E. (1978). Primary and secondary saccades to goals defined by instructions. Vision Research, 18(10), 1279‑1296. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(78)90218-3 Unsworth, N., Robison, M. K., & Miller, A. L. (2021). On the relation between working memory capacity and the antisaccade task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001060 2022-03-08 2023-09-04 A task in which subjects are required to make a voluntary eye movement away from the position of a cue (antisaccade) to identify a target stimulus. This situation is compared to prosaccade, in which cue and target stimulus share the same position. Tâche durant laquelle les sujets doivent effectuer un mouvement oculaire volontaire à l’opposé de la position d’un indice (antisaccade) pour identifier un stimulus cible. Cette situation est comparée à celle de prosaccade, dans laquelle indice et stimulus cible partagent la même position. anti-saccade anti-saccade task anti-saccades antisaccade antisaccades antisaccade task tâche d’antisaccade Frank Arnould Manoochehri, M. (2021). Up to the magical number seven : An evolutionary perspective on the capacity of short term memory. Heliyon, 7(5), e06955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06955 2021-06-25 2023-09-04 chunking hiérarchique « processus par lequel des regroupements déjà existants ou leurs index sont regroupés pour former de nouveaux regroupements, qui à leur tour forment des super regroupements, et ainsi de suite. »(Manoochehri, 2021). “the process in which already existing chunks or their indexes are grouped to form new chunks and these in turn shape super chunks and so forth.” (Manoochehri, 2021). hierarchical chunking processus de regroupement hiérarchique Frank Arnould Gobet, F., Lane, P. C., Croker, S., Cheng, P. C., Jones, G., Oliver, I., & Pine, J. M. (2001). Chunking mechanisms in human learning. Trends in cognitive sciences, 5(6), 236‑243. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01662-4 Miller, G. A. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two : Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 63(2), 81‑97. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043158 Norris, D., & Kalm, K. (2021). Chunking and data compression in verbal short-term memory. Cognition, 208, 104534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104534 Simon, H. A. (1974). How big is a chunk? Science, 183(4124), 482‑488. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.183.4124.482 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 bloc chunk tronçon A unit combining several pieces of information in short-term memory. Unité combinant plusieurs informations en mémoire à court terme. blocs chunks chunks groupements tronçons chunk groupement Frank Arnould Cowan, N. (2001). The magical number 4 in short-term memory: A reconsideration of mental storage capacity. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 24(1), 87–114. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X01003922 Jacobs, J. (1887). Experiments on « Prehension ». Mind, 12(45), 75‑79. https://doi.org/10.2307/2246990 Miller, G. A. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two : Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 63(2), 81‑97. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043158 2017-12-04 2022-09-14 memory span task tâche d'empan mnésique Method for measuring the storage capacity of short-term memory or working memory. Span is the highest number of items that the subject is able to recall immediately, usually in the order in which the items were presented. Méthode pour mesurer de la capacité de stockage de la mémoire à court terme et de la mémoire de travail. L'empan mnésique correspond au plus grand nombre d'items que le sujet est capable de rappeler immédiatement, généralement en respectant l'ordre de présentation des items. span tasks tâches d'empan span task tâche d'empan Frank Arnould Baddeley, A., Eysenck, M. W., & Anderson, M. C. (2020). Memory (3rd ed.). Psychology Press. 2017-12-04 2022-01-26 mémoire immédiate préattentive preattentive immediate memory registre sensoriel sensory register A sensory storage system with a very short duration (a few milliseconds) preceding the short-term memory, wherein information deteriorate very quickly. Dispositif de stockage sensoriel de très brève durée (quelques millisecondes), précédant la mémoire à court terme, dans lequel les informations se détériorent très rapidement. mémoires sensorielles registres sensoriels mémoire sensorielle sensory memory Frank Arnould Kenett, Y. N., Levi, E., Anaki, D., & Faust, M. (2017). The semantic distance task: Quantifying semantic distance with semantic network path length. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43(9), 1470–1489. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000391 2022-03-07 2023-09-04 "the semantic distance task (SDT) is a semantic relatedness judgment task. In this task, subjects are required to decide whether two words are related to each other or not." (Kenett et al., 2017, p. 1474). « la tâche de distance sémantique (TDS) est une tâche de jugement de parenté sémantique. Dans cette tâche, les sujets doivent décider si deux mots sont apparentés l'un à l'autre ou non. » (Kenett et al., 2017, p. 1474). semantic distance task tâche de distance sémantique Frank Arnould Dew, I. T. Z., & Cabeza, R. (2011). The porous boundaries between explicit and implicit memory : Behavioral and neural evidence. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1224(1), 174‑190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05946.x Hannula, D. E., Minor, G. N., & Slabbekoorn, D. (in press). Conscious awareness and memory systems in the brain. WIREs Cognitive Science, n/a(n/a), e1648. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1648 Warrington, E. K., & Weiskrantz, L. (1970). Amnesic syndrome: Consolidation or retrieval? Nature, 228(5272), 628–630. https://doi.org/10.1038/228628a0 2017-12-04 2023-04-05 Récupération consciente, volontaire ou non, d'un épisode antérieur localisé dans le temps et l'espace. Voluntary or involuntary conscious retrieval of a previous episode located in time and space. explicit memory mémoire explicite Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-05-31 tâche de rappel avec sonde Le sujet mémorise une liste d'items. Un item de la liste lui est ensuite présenté et il doit rappeler l'item qui l'a précédé ou suivi ou bien il doit rappeler l'item qui se trouvait à une position spécifique dans la liste (par exemple, rappeler l'item qui se trouvait en quatrième position). The subject learns a list of items. An item from the list is then presented to him/her and s/he is asked to remember the previous or next item in the list or at a specific position in the list. probed recall task tâche de rappel par sondage Breton, A., Casey, D., & Arnaoutoglou, N. A. (2019). Cognitive tests for the detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), the prodromal stage of dementia: Meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 34(2), 233–242. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.5016 Rami, L., Molinuevo, J. L., Sanchez-Valle, R., Bosch, B., & Villar, A. (2007). Screening for amnestic mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer’s disease with M@T (Memory Alteration Test) in the primary care population. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22(4), 294–304. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.1672 2023-03-29 Frank Arnould 2023-03-29 Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Homme Human M@T A neuropsychological test of verbal episodic memory and semantic memory for the diagnosis of amnestic mild cognitive impairment and the early stage of Alzheimer's disease. Test neuropsychologique de mémoire verbale épisodique et de mémoire sémantique pour le diagnostic du déficit cognitif léger amnésique et du stade précoce de la maladie d’Alzheimer. Memory Alteration Test Test d'altération mnésique Vandenberghe, M., Michiels, J., Vanderaspoilden, V., Claes, T., & Fery, P. (2015). Élaboration et normalisation d’une épreuve d’évaluation de la mémoire épisodique verbale chez la personne âgée: « GERIA-12 ». Revue Neurologique, 171(12), 853–865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2015.08.001 2023-03-31 Frank Arnould 2023-03-31 Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Homme Human A neuropsychological test of verbal episodic memory for the elderly that is a shortened version of the RL/RI-16 with the addition of delayed recall at 24 hours. Test neuropsychologique de mémoire épisodique verbale destiné aux personnes âgées qui est une version abrégée du RL/RI-16 avec ajout d'un rappel différé à 24 h. GERIA-12 GERIA-12 Buschke, H., Mowrey, W. B., Ramratan, W. S., Zimmerman, M. E., Loewenstein, D. A., Katz, M. J., & Lipton, R. B. (2017). Memory Binding Test distinguishes amnestic mild cognitive impairment and dementia from cognitively normal elderly. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 32(1), 29–39. https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acw083 Loewenstein, D. A., Curiel, R. E., Duara, R., & Buschke, H. (2018). Novel cognitive paradigms for the detection of memory impairment in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease. Assessment, 25(3), 348–359. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191117691608 Mowrey, W., Lipton, R., Katz, M., Ramratan, W., Loewenstein, D., Zimmerman, M., & Buschke, H. (2018). Memory binding test predicts incident dementia: Results from the Einstein Aging Study. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 62, 293–304. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-170714 2023-06-19 Frank Arnould 2023-06-19 Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Homme Human MBT Memory Capacity Test A neuropsychological test for the assessment of associative memory. Test neuropsychologique pour l'évaluation de la mémoire associative. "The test procedure is the following. In the first step, the participant was instructed to learn the 16 word items from the first list, presented on 4 cards with 4 words on each card, 1 card at a time. For each item, after the examiner stated a category cue (e.g., flower), the participant was asked to verbally identify the correct item from the card associated with the cue (e.g., tulip) within 5 s to ensure controlled learning and encoding specificity. In the second step, the participant was instructed to recall the items from the first list after cue presentation. Five seconds were allowed for each cue and errors were not corrected. In the third step, the participant was instructed to learn 16 new items from the second list, as similarly done for the first list. In the fourth step, the participant was asked to recall items from the second list, as similarly done for the first list. In the fifth step, the paired recall condition, for each cue the participant was asked to recall both items from both lists in any order within 10 s. The total procedure takes about 6 min." (Buschke et al., 2017, p. 31-32). « La procédure de test est la suivante. Dans un premier temps, le participant est invité à apprendre les 16 mots de la première liste, présentés sur quatre cartes avec quatre mots sur chaque carte, une carte à la fois. Pour chaque item, après que l'examinateur a énoncé un indice de catégorie (par exemple, fleur), le participant a doit identifier verbalement le bon item de la carte associée à l'indice (par exemple, tulipe) dans un délai de 5 s afin d'assurer un apprentissage contrôlé et la spécificité d'encodage. Dans un deuxième temps, le participant doit se rappeler les éléments de la première liste après la présentation de l'indice. Cinq secondes sont accordées pour chaque indice et les erreurs ne sont pas corrigées. Au cours de la troisième étape, le participant doit apprendre 16 nouveaux éléments de la deuxième liste, comme il l'avait fait pour la première liste. Au cours de la quatrième étape, le participant est invité à se rappeler des éléments de la deuxième liste, comme il l'avait fait pour la première liste. Dans la cinquième étape, la condition de rappel par paires, pour chaque indice, le participant doit rappeler les deux éléments des deux listes dans n'importe quel ordre dans un délai de 10 s. La procédure totale dure environ 6 minutes. » (Buschke et al., 2017, p. 31-32). Memory Binding Test Test de liage mnésique Frank Arnould Primoff, E. (1938). Backward and forward association as an organizing act in serial and in paired associate learning. The Journal of Psychology, 5(2), 375-395. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1938.9917578 2017-12-04 2022-03-31 AB, BC pair AB, BC paradigm paire A-B, B-C paradigme A-B, B-C Dans une tâche d'apprentissage de paires associées, paires du type AB, BC : un item est une réponse dans une paire et sert d'indice dans une autre. In a paired-associates learning task, pairs of the type AB, BC : An item is a response in a pair and a cue in the other. AB, BC pairs paires A-B, B-C paires à double fonction double-function pairs paire à double fonction Frank Arnould Berntsen, D., Staugaard, S. R., & Sørensen, L. M. T. (2013). Why am I remembering this now? Predicting the occurrence of involuntary (spontaneous) episodic memories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 142(2), 426–444. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029128 2020-06-12 2023-03-21 An experimental paradigm for the study of involuntary memories: "During encoding, participants were presented with pictures of scenes paired with sounds. Both scene and sound could be either unique (derived from a category that was presented only once) or repeated (derived from a category that was presented several times). During retrieval, the participants conducted an attention-demanding sound location task employing sounds from the encoding phase. In addition to the sound location task, they were asked to record all memories that might spontaneously arise during this task." (Berntsen et al., 2013, p. 426). Paradigme expérimental pour l'étude des souvenirs involontaires. « Pendant l'encodage, les participants voient des images de scènes associées à des sons. La scène et le son pouvaient être soit uniques (dérivés d'une catégorie présentée une seule fois), soit répétés (dérivés d'une catégorie présentée plusieurs fois). Au cours de la récupération, les participants effectuent une tâche de localisation des sons exigeante en termes d'attention, en utilisant les sons de la phase d'encodage. En plus de la tâche de localisation des sons, on leur demande d'enregistrer tous les souvenirs qui pouvaient surgir spontanément pendant cette tâche. » (Berntsen et al., 2013, p. 426). paradigme des paires associées son-scène sound-scene paired-associates paradigm Frank Arnould Hazan-Liran, B., & Miller, P. (2017). Stroop-like effects in a new-code learning task : A cognitive load theory perspective. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 70(9), 1878‑1891. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2016.1214845 2021-08-12 2023-09-04 associative memory Stroop paradigm paradigme de Stroop mnésique associatif A task in which participants are asked to learn associations between words (e.g. color words: brown, orange, white, black, etc.) and digits. The color of the numbers is either congruent (the word brown is printed in black and the number 6 is printed in brown), incongruent (the word brown is printed in black and the number 6 is printed in yellow), or neutral (the word brown is printed in black and the number 6 is printed in black) Tâche durant laquelle les participants doivent mémoriser des associations entre des mots (par exemple des mots désignant une couleur : brun, orange, blanc, noir, etc.) et des chiffres. La couleur des chiffres est soit congruente (le mot brun est imprimé en noir et le chiffre 6 est imprimé en brun), soit incongruente (mot brun imprimé en noir et chiffre 6 imprimé en jaune), soit neutre (mot brun imprimé en noir et chiffre 6 imprimé en noir). associative memory-Stroop task associative memory Stroop task tâche de Stroop mnésique associative Frank Arnould Briggs, G. E. (1954). Acquisition, extinction, and recovery functions in retroactive inhibition. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 47(5), 285-293. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0060251 2017-12-04 2022-03-31 A-B, A-C paradigm A-B, A-D learning A-B, A-D paradigm apprentissage A-B, A-D paradigme A-B, A-C paradigme A-B, A-D Paired-associates learning paradigm. In the first phase, subjects must memorize word pairs (A-B list) In the second phase, subjects must memorize new words (C) associated with the words A of the previous list. Paradigme d'apprentissage de paires associées. Dans une première phase, les sujets doivent mémoriser des paires de mots (liste A-B.) Dans la seconde phase, les sujets doivent mémoriser de nouveaux mots (C) associés aux mots A de la liste précédente. A-B, A-C learning task tâche d'apprentissage A-B, A-C Frank Arnould Peterson, L. R., Saltzman, D., Hillner, K., & Land, V. (1962). Recency and frequency in paired-associate learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 63(4), 396-403. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043571 2017-12-04 2022-03-31 Variation de la méthode d'apprentissage de paires associées. L'expérimentateur présente en continu les paires d'items à mémoriser en les mélangeant avec des paires de test. Cette technique permet de contrôler précisément l'intervalle séparant l'étude d'une paire de son test ainsi que la répétition d'une paire dans la séquence. Variation of the paired-associates learning task. The experimenter continuously presents a series of pairs of items to be remembered, mixing them with test pairs. This technique allows to precisely control the lag between the study of a pair and the test of the pair and also the repetition of a pair in the sequence. continuous paired-associate learning task tâche d'apprentissage continu de paires associées Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 A-B, C-B paradigm paradigme A-B, C-B Type d'apprentissage de paires associées. Le sujet mémorise tout d'abord une liste de type A-B, puis une liste de type C-B, dans laquelle la réponse B associée à A dans la liste précédente et désormais associée à C. Type of paired-associates learning. The subject first learns an A-B list, then a C-B list, in which response B associated to A in the previous list is then associated with C. A-B, C-B learning task tâche d'apprentissage A-B, C-B Frank Arnould Calkins, M.W. (1894). Association. Psychological Review, 1(5), 476-483. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0069000 2017-12-04 2022-08-24 méthode d'apprentissage de paires associées méthode des associés par paires méthode des couples associés paired-associates learning method paired-associates learning paradigm paired-associates learning procedure paradigme d'apprentissage de paires associées paradigme des associés par paires paradigme des couples associés procédure d'apprentissage de paires associées tâche des associés par paires tâche des couples associés tâche des mots couplés Apprentissage de paires de stimuli. Un item de chaque paire sert ensuite d’indice pour récupérer l’autre item qui lui était associé. Learning pairs of stimuli. An item of each pair is then used as a cue to retrieve the other item that was associated with it. méthodes des associés par paires méthodes des couples associés paired associates paired-associates learning methods paired-associates learning paradigms paired-associates learning procedures paired-associates learning tasks paires associées paradigmes d'apprentissage de paires associées paradigmes des associés par paires tâches d'apprentissage de paires associées tâches des associés par paires tâches des couples associés paired-associates learning task tâche d'apprentissage de paires associées Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 Experimental paradigm in which subjects are required to study two lists of word pairs. In both lists, cues and target items are the same, but the pairings are changed in the list 2. During the test, subjects were presented with the cue and asked to recall the target item in list 1 or list 2 (Humphreys et al, 1994). Paradigme expérimental au cours duquel les sujets doivent étudier deux listes de paires de mots. Dans les deux listes, les indices et les items cibles sont les mêmes, mais les appariements sont modifiés dans la liste 2. Lors du test, on présente aux sujets l’indice et on leur demande de rappeler l’item cible de la liste 1 ou de la liste 2 (Humpreys et al, 1994). A-B, A-Br learning task tâche d'apprentissage A-B, A-Br Frank Arnould Grober, E., & Buschke, H. (1987). Genuine memory deficits in dementia. Developmental neuropsychology, 3(1), 13‑36. https://doi.org/10.1080/87565648709540361 Grober, E., Buschke, H., Crystal, H., Bang, S., & Dresner, R. (1988). Screening for dementia by memory testing. Neurology, 38(6), 900‑900. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.38.6.900 Linden, M. V. D., Coyette, F., Poitrenaud, J., Kalafat, M., Calicis, F., Wyns, C., & Adam, S. (2004). L’épreuve de rappel libre / rappel indicé à 16 items (RL/RI-16). In L’évaluation des troubles de la mémoire : Présentation de quatre tests de mémoire épisodique (avec leur étalonnage). (p. 25‑47). Solal. 2021-06-23 2023-09-04 Catherine Boucheron-Josse FCSRT Grober and Buschke test RL/RI-16 test de Grober & Buschke épreuve de Grober et Buschke Neuropsychological test for the assessment of verbal episodic memory and its disorders, allowing the interpretation of a memory disorder in terms of memory processes (encoding, storage, retrieval). Test neuropsychologique pour l'évaluation de la mémoire épisodique verbale et de ses troubles, permettant d'interpréter un trouble de la mémoire en termes de processus mnésiques (encodage, stockage, récupération). Le test dispose de formes parallèles. The test has parallel forms. free and cued selective reminding test test rappel libre-rappel indicé à 16 items Frank Arnould Fery, P., Claes, T., Vanderaspoilden, V., & Vandenberghe, M. (2021). IMA-12 : Une épreuve de mémoire épisodique adaptée au niveau de connaissance de la langue française. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 13(3), 223‑239. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2021.0685 2022-01-04 2023-09-04 Test de mémoire épisodique pour personnes âgées « permettant l’évaluation différenciée des processus d’encodage, de récupération et de consolidation d’un matériel pictural (avec rappel oral) et adaptée à des personnes ayant différents niveaux de connaissance de la langue française. » (Fery et al., 2021, p. 225). Test of episodic memory for the elderly “allowing the differentiated evaluation of the encoding, retrieval and consolidation processes of a pictorial material (with oral recall) and adapted to people with different levels of knowledge of French language." (Fery et al., 2021, p. 225). IMA-12 IMA-12 Cona, G., & Rothen, N. (2019). Neuropsychological and physiological correlates of prospective memory. In J. Rummel & M. A. McDaniel (Eds.), Prospective Memory (1st ed., pp. 95–115). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351000154-7 Cona, G., Scarpazza, C., Sartori, G., Moscovitch, M., & Bisiacchi, P. S. (2015). Neural bases of prospective memory: A meta-analysis and the “Attention to Delayed Intention” (AtoDI) model. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 52, 21–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.02.007 Raskin, S. A. (2018). Prospective memory in clinical populations. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 32(5), 741–747. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2018.1484519 2023-03-29 Frank Arnould 2023-03-29 Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Psychologie Psychology Homme Human AtoDI model modèle AtoDI A neuropsychological model of the brain regions thought to be involved in the maintenance and retrieval of intentions in prospective memory (Cona et al., 2015). "[…] the model proposes that the dorsal frontoparietal network is involved in maintenance and allocation of top-down attention that is used both to monitor for the occurrence of the PM [prospective memory] cue and to maintain the intention in mind. The ventral frontoparietal network, on the other hand, mediates the bottom-up attention automatically captured by the occurrence of the prospective cues and used during retrieval." (Raskin, 2018, p. 745-746). Un modèle neuropsychologique des régions cérébrales supposées être impliquées dans le maintien et la récupération des intentions en mémoire prospective (Cona et al., 2015). « […] le modèle propose que le réseau frontopariétal dorsal est impliqué dans le maintien et l'allocation de l'attention descendante qui est utilisée à la fois pour surveiller l'occurrence de l'indice de mémoire prospective et pour maintenir l'intention à l'esprit. Le réseau frontopariétal ventral, quant à lui, sert de médiateur à l'attention ascendante automatiquement capturée par l'occurrence des indices prospectifs et utilisés pendant la récupération. » (Raskin, 2018, p. 745-746). AtoDI AtoDI Attention to Delayed Intention model modèle d'attention à l'intention différée Frank Arnould Rendell, P. G., & Craik, F. I. M. (2000). Virtual week and actual week: Age-related differences in prospective memory. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14(7), S43–S62. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.770 2020-11-19 2023-09-04 Event- and time-based prospective memory task adapted from the Virtual Week task. Subjects are required to perform different prospective memory tasks under naturalistic settings during an actual week. Tâche de mémoire prospective événementielle et temporelle, adaptée de la tâche de la semaine virtuelle. Les sujets doivent réaliser différentes tâches de mémoire prospective, réparties sur une semaine réelle, dans des situations naturelles. Actual Week task tâche de la semaine réelle Frank Arnould Aldrich, F. K., & Wilson, B. (1991). Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test for Children (RBMT-C): A preliminary evaluation. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 30(2), 161–168. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1991.tb00931.x Wilson, B. A., Ivani-chalian, R., Besag, F. M. C., & Bryant, T. (1993). Adapting the Rivermead Vehavioural Memory test for use with children aged 5 to 10 years. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 15(4), 474–486. https://doi.org/10.1080/01688639308402572 2020-11-16 2023-09-04 RBMT-C Adaptation du test de la mémoire de Rivermead pour les enfants de 5 à 11 ans. Adaptation of the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test for children aged 5 to 11. Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test for Children Test comportemental de la mémoire de Rivermead pour enfants Kamat, R., Weinborn, M., Kellogg, E. J., Bucks, R. S., Velnoweth, A., & Woods, S. P. (2014). Construct validity of the Memory for Intentions Screening Test (MIST) in healthy older adults: Assessment, 21(6), 742–752. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191114530774 Raskin, S. (2009). Memory for Intentions Screening Test: Psychometric properties and clinical evidence. Brain Impairment - BRAIN IMPAIR, 10, 23–33. https://doi.org/10.1375/brim.10.1.23 Raskin, S.; Buckheit, C.; Sherrod, C. (2010). MIST: Memory for Intentions Test professional manual. Psychological Assessment. 2020-11-16 2023-09-04 MIST Standardized neuropsychological test for the assessment of prospective memory, comprising four event- and four time-based prospective memory tasks. An additional task invites the subject to call the examiner 24 hours after the initial test phase. Test neuropsychologique standardisé de mémoire prospective incluant quatre tâches de mémoire prospective événementielle et quatre tâches de mémoire prospective temporelle. Une tâche supplémentaire invite le sujet à appeler l’examinateur 24 heures après la phase de test. Memory for Intentions Screening Test Test de dépistage de la mémoire des intentions Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (1990). Normal aging and prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(4), 717–726. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.16.4.717 2020-11-19 2023-09-04 Experimental paradigm for studying prospective memory. The subject performs two tasks simultaneously. While performing the first task, he or she also has to remember and perform actions at specific times and in response to environmental cues. Paradigme expérimental pour l’étude de la mémoire prospective. Le sujet réalise deux tâches simultanément. Pendant la réalisation de la première tâche, il doit aussi se souvenir et réaliser des actions à certains moments précis ou en réponse à des indices environnementaux. Einstein and McDaniel’s paradigm paradigme d’Einstein et McDaniel Frank Arnould Chau, L. T., Lee, J. B., Fleming, D. J., Roche, N., & Shum, D. (2007). Reliability and normative data for the Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory (CAPM). Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 17(6), 707‑722. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602010600923926 Fleming, J., Kennedy, S., Fisher, R., Gill, H., Gullo, M., & Shum, D. (2009). Validity of the Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory (CAPM) for Use With Adults With Traumatic Brain Injury. Brain Impairment, 10(1), 34‑44. https://doi.org/10.1375/brim.10.1.34 Roche, N. L., Fleming, J. M., & Shum, D. H. K. (2002). Self-awareness of prospective memory failure in adults with traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 16(11), 931‑945. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699050210138581 2020-11-18 2023-09-04 CAPM CAPM Questionnaire d'autoévaluation des difficultés de mémoire prospective (fréquence, préoccupations vis-à-vis de ces difficultés et perception des causes des réussites et échecs de la mémoire prospective). L'instrument porte sur les activités instrumentales (par exemple, faire ses courses, préparer un repas) et de base (par exemple, s’habiller, hygiène corporelle). Self-rating questionnaire of prospective memory failures (frequency, concerns about these difficulties and perception of the causes of successes and failures of prospective memory). This tool covers instrumental (e.g. shopping, preparing a meal) and basic (e.g. dressing, personal hygiene) daily activities. Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory Évaluation complète de la mémoire prospective Frank Arnould Radford, K., Lah, S., Say, M., & Miller, L. (2011). Validation of a new measure of prospective memory : The Royal Prince Alfred Prospective Memory Test. The Clinical neuropsychologist, 25, 127‑140. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2010.529463 2020-11-17 2023-09-04 RPA-ProMem RPA-ProMem Neuropsychological test for assessing event- and time-based prospective memory. Test neuropsychologique pour l'évaluation de la mémoire prospective événementielle et temporelle. Royal Prince Alfred Prospective Memory Test Test de mémoire prospective du Royal Prince Alfred Frank Arnould Kerns, K. A. (2000). The CyberCruiser: An investigation of development of prospective memory in children. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 6(1), 62–70. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617700611074 2020-11-19 2023-09-04 A video game designed for studying prospective memory development in children. Jeu vidéo développé pour étudier le développement de la mémoire prospective chez l’enfant. CyberCruiser CyberCruiser Frank Arnould Hannon, R., Adams, P., Harrington, S. E., Fries-Dias, C., & Gipson, M. (1995). Effects of brain injury and age on prospective memory self-rating and performance. Rehabilitation Psychology, 40(4), 289‑298. https://doi.org/10.1037/0090-5550.40.4.289 2020-11-18 2023-09-04 PMQ PMQ Questionnaire d'auto-évaluation de la mémoire prospective et de ses troubles. Self-rating questionnaire of prospective memory and its disorders. Prospective Memory Questionnaire Questionnaire de mémoire prospective Frank Arnould Man, D. W. K., Fleming, J., Hohaus, L., & Shum, D. (2011). Development of the Brief Assessment of Prospective Memory (BAPM) for use with traumatic brain injury populations. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 21(6), 884–898. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2011.627270 2020-11-19 2023-09-04 BAPM BAPM Forme abrégée du Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory. Short-form of the Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory. Brief Assessment of Prospective Memory Examen rapide de la mémoire prospective Frank Arnould Sugden, N., Thomas, M., Kiernan, M., & Wilesmith, M. (2021). Validation of the Prospective Memory Concerns Questionnaire (PMCQ). Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 15, 421. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.686850 2021-09-14 2023-09-04 PMCQ PMCQ A 35-item self-report questionnaire of prospective memory problems and concerns in daily life. Questionnaire d’autoévaluation de 35 items portant sur les problèmes et préoccupations dans la vie quotidienne concernant la mémoire prospective. Prospective Memory Concerns Questionnaire Questionnaire des préoccupations sur la mémoire prospective Frank Arnould Hsu, Y.-H., Huang, C.-F., Tu, M.-C., & Hua, M.-S. (2014). The clinical utility of informants’ appraisals on prospective and retrospective memory in patients with early Alzheimer’s disease. PLOS ONE, 9(11), e112210. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112210 2020-11-17 2023-09-04 Test de mémoire prospective temporelle. Cinq minutes après que la consigne lui a été donnée, le sujet doit rappeler à l'expérimentateur de passer un appel téléphonique. Time-based prospective memory. Five minutes after being instructed to do so, the subject has to remind the examiner to make a phone call. telephone test test du téléphone Frank Arnould Lecouvey, G., Morand, A., Poissonnier, A., Pèlerin, A., Silva, L. F. da, Sayette, V. de la, Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2021). Une nouvelle épreuve de mémoire prospective : Mem-Pro clinic. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 13(1), 43‑58. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2021.0618 2021-06-04 2023-09-04 Épreuve Mem-Pro-Clinic A clinical test to assess difficulties in event- and time-based prospective memory. Épreuve clinique permettant d’évaluer les difficultés de mémoire prospective événementielle et temporelle. Mem-Pro-Clinic test test Mem-Pro-Clinic Frank Arnould Potvin, M.-J., Rouleau, I., Audy, J., Charbonneau, S., & Giguère, J.-F. (2011). Ecological prospective memory assessment in patients with traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury : [BI], 25, 192–205. https://doi.org/10.3109/02699052.2010.541896 2020-11-16 2023-09-04 TEMP Event- and time-based prospective memory test using naturalistic stimuli, designed for clinical settings. Test de mémoire prospective événementielle et temporelle utilisant des stimuli réalistes, conçu pour des populations cliniques. Ecological Test of Prospective Memory test écologique de mémoire prospective Frank Arnould Cockburn, J.M. (1996). Behavioural assessment of memory in normal old age. European Psychiatry, 11, Supplement 4, 205s. Wilson, B. A., Cockburn, J., & Baddeley, A. D. (1985). The Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test. Thames Valley Test Company. 2020-11-16 2023-09-04 RBMT An ecological neuropsychological test to assess everyday memory disorders in both retrospective and prospective memory. Test neuropsychologique écologique permettant d’évaluer les troubles de la mémoire quotidienne, aussi bien dans la mémoire rétrospective que dans la mémoire prospective. Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test Test comportemental de la mémoire de Rivermead Frank Arnould Groot, Y. C. T., Wilson, B. A., Evans, J., & Watson, P. (2002). Prospective memory functioning in people with and without brain injury. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 8(5), 645–654. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617702801321 Kime, S. K., Lamb, D. G., & Wilson, B. A. (1996). Use of a comprehensive programme of external cueing to enhance procedural memory in a patient with dense amnesia. Brain Injury, 10(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/026990596124683 2020-11-16 2023-09-04 CAMPROMPT CAMPROMPT Neuropsychological test including four event-based prospective memory tasks and four time-based prospective memory tasks. Half of the tasks require verbal responses and half require non-verbal responses (Wilson et al., 2005). The test is an extension of the Cambridge Behavioral Prospective Memory Test (Kime et al., 1996). Test neuropsychologique comprenant quatre tâches de mémoire prospective événementielle et quatre tâches de mémoire prospective temporelle. La moitié des tâches exige des réponses verbales et l’autre moitié, des réponses non verbales. (Wilson et al., 2005). Le test est une extension du Test comportemental de mémoire prospective de Cambridge (Kime et al, 1996). CAM-PROMPT CAM-PROMPT Cambridge Prospective Memory Test Test de mémoire prospective de Cambridge Frank Arnould Semon, R. (1904/1921). The Mneme. London: George Allen & Unwin. https://archive.org/details/cu31924100387210 Semon, R. (1909/1923). Mnemic Psychology. London: George Allen & Unwin. https://archive.org/details/mnemicpsychology032279mbp Tulving, E. (1976). Ecphoric processes in recall and recognition. In J. Brown (Ed.), Recall and recognition. John Wiley & Sons. Tulving, E. (1982). Synergistic ecphory in recall and recognition. Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie, 36(2), 130–147. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0080641 2017-12-04 2023-03-17 ecphoric process ecphorie synergétique processus ecphorique synergistic ecphory Concept originally proposed by Semon (1904) and more recently used by the psychologist E. Tulving to describe the combination of the engram and the retrieval cues that enables the conscious experience of a memory. Notion proposée initialement par Semon (1904) et reprise plus récemment par le psychologue E. Tulving pour désigner la combinaison entre l'engramme et les indices de récupération qui va permettre au sujet l'expérience consciente d'un souvenir. ecphorie ecphory Frank Arnould 2021-08-16 2023-09-04 Processus consistant à transformer un code en un autre code. The process of transforming a code into another code. recodage recoding Strickland, L., Heathcote, A., Humphreys, M. S., & Loft, S. (2022). Target learning in event-based prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48(8), 1110‑1126. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000900 Strickland, L., Loft, S., Remington, R. W., & Heathcote, A. (2018). Racing to remember : A theory of decision control in event-based prospective memory. Psychological Review, 125(6), 851‑887. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000113 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-21 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human PMDC model modèle PMDC modèle Prospective Memory Decision Control A linear ballistic accumulator model of event-based prospective memory that "assumes a race to response selection between PM [prospective memory] and ongoing task decision processes. Each of the ongoing task accumulators and the PM accumulator has its own threshold, which corresponds to the evidence that must be accumulated to make that decision. Upon stimulus presentation, evidence accumulates toward each decision at an accumulation rate, and the first to reach threshold determines the decision made […]. Thus, successful PM hits occur on PM trials where the PM accumulator reaches threshold before the ongoing task accumulators, whereas PM errors occur when the ongoing task accumulators reach threshold before the PM accumulator." (Strickland et al., 2022, p. 1111). Modèle d'accumulateur balistique linéaire de la mémoire prospective événementielle qui « suppose une course à la sélection de la réponse entre la mémoire prospective et les processus de décision de la tâche en cours. Chacun des accumulateurs de la tâche en cours et l'accumulateur de la mémoire prospective ont leur propre seuil, qui correspond aux preuves qui doivent être accumulées pour prendre une décision. Lors de la présentation du stimulus, les preuves s'accumulent vers chaque décision en fonction d'un taux d'accumulation, et la première à atteindre le seuil détermine la décision prise [...]. Ainsi, les succès de la mémoire prospective se produisent lors des essais de mémoire prospective où l'accumulateur de la mémoire prospective atteint le seuil avant les accumulateurs de la tâche en cours, tandis que les erreurs de la mémoire prospective se produisent lorsque les accumulateurs de la tâche en cours atteignent le seuil avant l'accumulateur de mémoire prospective. » (Strickland et al., 2022, p. 1111). Modèle du contrôle de décision de la mémoire prospective Prospective Memory Decision Control model Frank Arnould Titov, N., & Knight, R. G. (2001). A video-based procedure for the assessment of prospective memory. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 15(1), 61–83. https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-0720(200101/02)15:1%3C61::AID-ACP689%3E3.0.CO;2-Y 2020-11-19 2023-09-04 PMVP Method for the study of event-based prospective memory. The subject is asked to remember different actions in response to environmental cues presented in a video that simulates a walk in a shopping district. Méthode d’étude de la mémoire prospective événementielle. Le sujet doit se souvenir de différentes actions en réponse à des indices environnementaux présentés dans une vidéo qui simule une marche dans un quartier commerçant. Procédure vidéo de mémoire prospective Prospective Remembering Video Procedure Frank Arnould Huppert, F. A., Johnson, T., Nickson, J., & on behalf of MRC CFAS. (2000). High prevalence of prospective memory impairment in the elderly and in early-stage dementia : Findings from a population-based study. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14(7), S63‑S81. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.771 2020-11-17 2023-09-04 Event-based prospective memory task. During a cognitive examination, when the examiner shows a subject an envelope again, he/she has to write a person's name and address on this envelope and remember to seal it and initial it on the back. Tâche de mémoire prospective événementielle. Lors d'un examen cognitif, lorsque l'examinateur lui montre à nouveau une enveloppe, le sujet doit écrire le nom et l'adresse d'une personne sur cette enveloppe et se souvenir de la sceller et de la parapher au dos. envelope task tâche de l'enveloppe Frank Arnould Zuber, S., Haas, M., Framorando, D., Ballhausen, N., Gillioz, E., Künzi, M., & Kliegel, M. (2022). The Geneva Space Cruiser: A fully self-administered online tool to assess prospective memory across the adult lifespan. Memory, 30(2), 117–132. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1995435 2022-01-25 2023-09-04 Online version of the CyberCruiser for the assessment of prospective memory in adults. Version en ligne du CyberCruiser pour l’évaluation de la mémoire prospective chez l’adulte. Geneva Space Cruiser Geneva Space Cruiser Frank Arnould Delprado, J., Kinsella, G., Ong, B., Pike, K., Ames, D., Storey, E., Saling, M., Clare, L., Mullaly, E., & Rand, E. (2012). Clinical measures of prospective memory in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 18(2), 295‑304. https://doi.org/10.1017/S135561771100172X Kinsella, G., Mullaly, E., Rand, E., Ong, B., Burton, C., Price, S., Phillips, M., & Storey, E. (2009). Early intervention for mild cognitive impairment : A randomised controlled trial. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 80, 730‑736. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2008.148346 2020-11-17 2023-09-04 Time-based prospective memory task. At the beginning of a cognitive assessment, a card is prepared with information about upcoming appointments. At the end of the assessment, the subject has to remind the clinician to give him/her the card. Tâche de mémoire prospective événementielle. Au début d'un examen cognitif, une fiche est rédigée contenant des informations sur les prochains rendez-vous. À la fin de l'examen, le sujet doit rappeler au clinicien de lui remettre la fiche. prompt card task tâche de la fiche de rendez-vous Frank Arnould Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (2005). Prospective memory: Multiple retrieval processes. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(6), 286–290. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00382.x 2017-12-04 2022-02-22 Prospective memory task in which attention is not directly focused on the event that needs to be remembered. Tâche de mémoire prospective dans laquelle l'attention n’est pas directement dirigée vers l’évènement dont il faudra se souvenir. non-focal prospective memory task non-focal prospective memory tasks nonfocal prospective memory tasks tâches de mémoire prospective non focales nonfocal prospective memory task tâche de mémoire prospective non focale Frank Arnould Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (2005). Prospective memory: Multiple retrieval processes. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(6), 286–290. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00382.x Lyon, B. A., & Hicks, J. L. (2023). A thorough examination of cue specificity and task-appropriateness in defining focal and nonfocal prospective memory tasks. Memory, 0(0), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2187335 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 Prospective memory task in which attention is directed to the event that needs to be remembered. Tâche de mémoire prospective dans laquelle l’attention est dirigée vers l’événement dont il faudra se souvenir. focal prospective memory tasks focal prospective memory tasks focal prospective memory task tâche de mémoire prospective focale Noel, M., Dumez, K., Recher, C., Luyat, M., & Dujardin, S. (2014). Évaluation de la mémoire épisodique des personnes âgées: Normalisation d’une nouvelle épreuve de mémoire avec items auto-initiés (MAI). Geriatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement, 12, 440–447. https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2014.0503 2023-03-31 Frank Arnould 2023-03-31 Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Homme Human A neuropsychological test of verbal episodic memory for the elderly in which the person chooses the words to remember. This strategy "ensures that the item is well known to the person, that it corresponds to his or her culture and level of education. It also ensures that the person is attentive during the encoding phase and throughout the test, as he or she has to choose the word to remember on each trial. Finally, this method can be more motivating, even playful, since no item is imposed on the subject and he or she can choose the word that suits him or her best" (Noel et al., 2004). Test neuropsychologique de mémoire épisodique verbale pour personnes âgées durant lequel la personne choisit elle-même les mots à mémoriser. Cette stratégie « permet de s’assurer que l’item est bien connu de la personne, qu’il correspond à sa culture et à son niveau d’éducation. De plus, cela permet de s’assurer de la mobilisation attentionnelle de la personne évaluée lors de la phase d’encodage et tout au long du test puisqu’à chaque essai, la personne testée doit choisir le mot qu’elle devra retenir. Enfin, cette méthodologie peut se révéler plus motivante, voire ludique, puisqu’aucun item ne lui est imposé et qu’elle a le choix de sélectionner le mot qui lui convient le mieux. » (Noel et al., 2014, p. 442). Self-Initiated Memory Test Test de mémoire auto-initiée Frank Arnould Squire, L. R., Wetzel, C. D., & Slater, P. C. (1979). Memory complaint after electroconvulsive therapy: Assessment with a new self-rating instrument. Biological Psychiatry, 14(5), 791–801. 2020-06-08 2023-09-04 An 18-item questionnaire in which subjects rate their memory functioning before and after treatment (electroconvulsive therapy for depression in the original article). The instrument was adapted for use in situations not involving repeated testing. Questionnaire de 18 items dans lequel les sujets évaluent le fonctionnement de leur mémoire avant et après un traitement (l'électroconvulsivothérapie pour la dépression dans l'article original). L'instrument a été adapté pour être utilisé dans des situations n'impliquant pas de tests répétés. Questionnaire subjectif de mémoire de Squire Squire Subjective Memory Questionnaire Frank Arnould Vallat-Azouvi, C., Pradat-Diehl, P., & Azouvi, P. (2012). The Working Memory Questionnaire: A scale to assess everyday life problems related to deficits of working memory in brain injured patients. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 22, 634–649. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2012.681110 2020-05-29 2023-05-31 Questionnaire des plaintes en mémoire de travail Questionnaire autoadministré permettant d’évaluer les conséquences dans la vie quotidienne des déficits de la mémoire de travail (stockage à court terme, attention et contrôle exécutif) faisant suite à des lésions cérébrales. Self-administered questionnaire to assess the consequences in daily life of working memory deficits (short-term storage, attention and executive control) after brain injury. Questionnaire de mémoire de travail Working Memory Questionnaire Frank Arnould Amariglio, R., Frishe, K., Olson, L., Wadsworth, L., Lorius, N., Sperling, R., & Rentz, D. (2012). Validation of the Face Name Associative Memory Exam in cognitively normal older individuals. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 34, 580–587. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2012.666230 Rentz, D. M., Amariglio, R. E., Becker, J. A., Frey, M., Olson, L. E., Frishe, K., Carmasin, J., Maye, J. E., Johnson, K. A., & Sperling, R. A. (2011). Face-name associative memory performance is related to amyloid burden in normal elderly. Neuropsychologia, 49(9), 2776–2783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.06.006 Rubiño, J., & Andrés, P. (2018). The Face-Name Associative Memory Test as a tool for early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01464 2020-11-23 2023-09-04 FNAME Face-Name Associative Memory Test Neuropsychological test during which the subject is asked to learn and then remember the name and occupation associated with unfamiliar faces. Test neuropsychologique au cours duquel le sujet doit mémoriser, puis se souvenir, du nom et de la profession associés à des visages inconnus. Examen de la mémoire associative noms-visages Face-Name Associative Memory Exam Frank Arnould Kent, P. (2013). The evolution of the Wechsler Memory Scale: A selective review. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult (20)4, 277-291. https://doi.org/10.1080/09084282.2012.689267 Kent, P. (2020). The Wechsler Memory: A Guide for Clinicians And Researchers. Routledge. Lee, S.-C., Chien, T.-H., Chu, C.-P., Lee, Y., & Chiu, E.-C. (2023). Practice effect and test–retest reliability of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Fourth Edition in people with dementia. BMC Geriatrics, 23(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-03913-2 Wechsler, D. (1945). A standardized memory scale for clinical use. The Journal of Psychology, 19(1), 87–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1945.9917223 2017-12-04 2023-04-12 MEM-III MEM-IV MEM-R WMS WMS-III WMS-IV WMS-R échelle Wechsler d'évaluation de la mémoire échelle clinique de mémoire de Wechsler Neuropsychological test developed by the American psychologist David Wechsler which has undergone several revisions since its publication in 1945. The test is designed for adults and the elderly to assess the performance of auditory memory, visual memory, immediate memory, delayed memory, and visual working memory. Test neuropsychologique développé par le psychologue américain David Wechsler qui a subi plusieurs révisions depuis sa publication en 1945. Le test est conçu pour les adultes et les personnes âgées afin d’évaluer les performances de la mémoire auditive, de la mémoire visuelle, de la mémoire immédiate, de la mémoire différée et de la mémoire de travail visuelle. Wechsler Memory Scale échelle de mémoire de Wechsler Frank Arnould Youn, J. C., Kim, K. W., Lee, D. Y., Jhoo, J. H., Lee, S. B., Park, J. H., Choi, E. A., Choe, J. Y., Jeong, J. W., Choo, I. H., & Woo, J. I. (2009). Development of the Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 27(4), 310–317. https://doi.org/10.1159/000205512 2020-06-05 2023-09-04 SMCQ SMCQ Questionnaire asking people to evaluate the presence of general and specific memory difficulties in their daily life. Questionnaire demandant aux personnes d’évaluer la présence de difficultés mnésiques générales et spécifiques dans leur vie quotidienne. Questionnaire de plaintes mnésiques subjectives Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire Baddeley, A.D.,Emslie, H., & Nimmo-Smith, I. (1994). The Doors and People Test: A Test of visual and Verbal Recall and Recognition. Thames Valley Test Company. 2022-09-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-23 Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Psychologie Psychology Homme Human Test des portes A Neuropsychological test to evaluate visual memory (visual pattern recall, door recognition) and verbal memory (recall and recognition of people's names) in adults. Test neuropsychologique permettant d'évaluer la mémoire visuelle (rappel de formes visuelles, reconnaissance de portes) et verbale (rappel et reconnaissance de noms de personnes) chez l’adulte. Doors and People Test Test des portes et des personnes Frank Arnould Barbeau, E., Didic, M., Tramoni, E., Felician, O., Joubert, S., Sontheimer, A., Ceccaldi, M., & Poncet, M. (2004). Evaluation of visual recognition memory in MCI patients. Neurology, 62(8), 1317‑1322. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.WNL.0000120548.24298.DB Barbeau, E., Tramoni, E., Joubert, S., Mancini, J., Ceccaldi, M., & Poncet, M. (2004). Evaluation de la mémoire de reconnaissance visuelle : Normalisation d’une nouvelle épreuve en choix forcé (DMS48) et utilité en neuropsychologie clinique. In van der Linden et al. (Eds). L’Évaluation des Troubles de la Mémoire (pp. 85-101). Solal. 2021-07-13 2023-09-04 Emmanuel Barbeau Neuropsychological test to assess visual memory disorders, especially for the diagnosis of early Alzheimer's disease. The subject is presented with 48 pairs of images and for each pair he/she must indicate which image was seen during the incidental encoding phase. The subject is asked to respond even if he or she is not sure of the answer. Test neuropsychologique pour évaluer les troubles de la mémoire visuelle, tout particulièrement à des fins de diagnostic précoce de la maladie d’Alzheimer. On présente au sujet 48 paires d’images et pour chaque paire, il doit indiquer quelle image a été vue pendant la phase d’encodage incident. Il doit répondre même s’il n’est pas sûr de la réponse. During the recognition phase, target images are either concrete objects presented with a concrete distractor that is semantically or lexically unrelated, or with a distractor that belongs to the same semantic category and is similar in terms of color, shape, and name, or targets and distractors are abstract and difficult to verbalize. The last two conditions are thought to evaluate visual recognition memory (after Barbeau, Didic, Tramoni, Felician, Joubert, Sontheimer, Ceccaldi, & Poncet, 2004). Pendant la phase de reconnaissance, les images cibles sont soit des objets concrets présentées avec un distracteur concret sans lien sémantique ou lexical, ou avec un distracteur appartenant à la même catégorie sémantique et similaire en termes de couleur, de forme et de nom, soit les cibles et distracteurs sont abstraits et difficilement verbalisables. Les deux dernières conditions sont censées mesurer la mémoire de reconnaissance visuelle (d'après Barbeau, Didic, Tramoni, Felician, Joubert, Sontheimer, Ceccaldi, & Poncet, 2004). DMS-48 DMS-48 DMS48 DMS48 Frank Arnould Croydon, A., Pimperton, H., Ewing, L., Duchaine, B. C., & Pellicano, E. (2014). The Cambridge Face Memory Test for Children (CFMT-C) : A new tool for measuring face recognition skills in childhood. Neuropsychologia, 62, 60‑67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.07.008 Duchaine, B., & Nakayama, K. (2006). The Cambridge Face Memory Test : Results for neurologically intact individuals and an investigation of its validity using inverted face stimuli and prosopagnosic participants. Neuropsychologia, 44(4), 576‑585. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.07.001 2022-01-04 2023-09-04 CFMT Neuropsychological test to assess the ability to recognize unfamiliar faces. Test neuropsychologique pour évaluer les capacités de reconnaissance de visages non familiers. A version of the test for children is available (Croydon et al., 2014). Une version adaptée à l’enfant est disponible (Croydon et al., 2014). Cambridge Face Memory Test Test de mémoire des visages de Cambridge Frank Arnould Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (1987). CVLT, California Verbal Learning Test: Adult Version: Manual. Psychological Corporation. Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (2000). California Verbal Learning Test – Second edition. Adult version. Manual. Psychological Corporation ​ Elwood, R. W. (1995). The California Verbal Learning Test: Psychometric characteristics and clinical application. Neuropsychology Review, 5(3), 173–201. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02214761 Poitrenaud, J., Deweer, B., Kalafat, M., & Van Der Linden, M. (2007). CVLT Test d'apprentissage et de mémoire verbale. E.C.P.A. 2018-10-08 2023-03-28 CVLT Test d'apprentissage et de mémoire verbale Neuropsychological test for the assessment of verbal episodic memory impairment. Test neuropsychologique permettant d'évaluer les troubles de la mémoire épisodique verbale. L'épreuve débute par l'apprentissage en cinq essais d'une première liste de 16 mots issus de quatre catégories sémantiques (Liste A). Aucun mot d’une même catégorie n’est présenté de manière consécutive. À la fin de chaque essai, le sujet doit rappeler librement les mots dont il se souvient. Une nouvelle liste de mots (Liste B) est ensuite apprise en un seul essai et rappelée librement. Cette liste interférente contient de nouveaux mots appartenant à deux catégories sémantiques présentes dans la Liste A, les autres appartenant à deux nouvelles catégories. L'épreuve se poursuit par un rappel libre et un rappel indicé (le nom des catégories servant d'indice de récupération) de la liste A. Enfin, passé un délai de 20 minutes, la liste A fait de nouveau l'objet d'un rappel libre, d'un rappel indicé et enfin d'une tâche de reconnaissance oui/non. The test begins with the learning of a first list of 16 words from four semantic categories (List A) over five trials. No word from the same category is presented consecutively. At the end of each trial, the subject is asked to freely recall the words he/she remembers. A new list of words (List B) is then learned in a single trial and recalled freely. This interfering list contains new words belonging to two semantic categories present in List A, the others belonging to two new categories. The test continues with a free recall and a cued recall of List A (the name of the categories serving as a retrieval cue). Finally, after a 20-minute delay, the List A is again subjected to a free recall, a cued recall, and finally to a yes/no recognition task. California Verbal Learning Test ​ test d’apprentissage verbal de Californie ​ Frank Arnould Benton, A. L., & Van Allen, M. W. (1968). Impairment in facial recognition in patients with cerebral disease. Cortex, 4(4), 344-IN1. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-9452(68)80018-8 Duchaine, B. C., & Weidenfeld, A. (2003). An evaluation of two commonly used tests of unfamiliar face recognition. Neuropsychologia, 41(6), 713‑720. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00222-1 Rossion, B., & Michel, C. (2018). Normative accuracy and response time data for the computerized Benton Facial Recognition Test (BFRT-c). Behavior Research Methods, 50(6), 2442‑2460. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-018-1023-x 2022-01-03 2023-09-04 BRFT Benton Face Recognition Test Test de reconnaissance faciale de Benton Neuropsychological test to assess face recognition performance. The test is divided into two parts. In the first part, the procedure consists in presenting a target face to be matched with one of the six faces below it (six items). The target face and the test face are approximately identical. In the second part, the procedure consists in matching a face with three of the six faces below it presented with different poses for some items and under different lighting conditions for the others (16 items in total). Test neuropsychologique permettant d’évaluer la performance en reconnaissance des visages. Il est divisé en deux parties. Dans la première partie, le principe consiste à présenter un visage cible à apparier avec l’un des six visages du dessous (six items). Le visage cible et le visage test sont à peu près identiques. Dans la seconde partie, le principe consiste à apparier un visage avec trois des six visages du dessous présentés avec des poses différentes pour certains items et sous des conditions d’éclairage distinctes pour les autres (16 items au total). Both a shortened and computerized version of the test are available (Rossion & Michel, 2018). Il existe une version abrégée du test ainsi qu’une version informatisée (Rossion & Michel, 2018). Benton Facial Recognition Test Test de reconnaissance des visages de Benton Frank Arnould Osterrieth, P.A. (1942). Le test de copie d’une figure complexe: contribution à l’étude de la perception et de la mémoire. Archives de Psychologie, 30,‎ 1944, 286-356. Rey, A. (1941). L’examen psychologique dans les cas d’encéphalopathie traumatique. Archives de Psychologie, 28(112), 286-340. Zhang, X., Lv, L., Min, G., Wang, Q., Zhao, Y., & Li, Y. (2021). Overview of the complex figure test and its clinical application in neuropsychiatric disorders, including copying and recall. Frontiers in Neurology, 12, 1304. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.680474 2022-01-10 2023-09-04 ROCF Neuropsychological test for the assessment of visuo-constructional ability and visuo-spatial memory. The subject is asked to copy a complex and abstract geometric figure, then to reproduce it from memory immediately and after a delay. Test neuropsychologique pour l’évaluation des aptitudes visuoconstructives et de la mémoire visuospatiale. Le sujet est invité à recopier une figure géométrique complexe et abstraite, puis à la reproduire de mémoire immédiatement et après un délai. Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test test de la figure complexe de Rey-Osterrieth Frank Arnould Derouesné C. (2001). Le Mini-Mental State Examination. Version française consensuelle du GRECO, Revue Neurologique, 157(5), 567-571. Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975). “Mini-mental state” : A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of psychiatric research, 12(3), 189‑198. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 2021-06-23 2023-09-04 Folstein test MMS MMS MMS de Folstein MMSE MMSE Mini-Mental State Mini-Mental State Mini-Mental Status Exam test de Folstein A neuropsychological test used for the rapid screening of cognitive disorders that assesses spatial and temporal orientation, attention and mental calculation, immediate and delayed verbal memory, language and visual-constructive ability. Test neuropsychologique utilisé dans le dépistage rapide des troubles cognitifs qui évalue l’orientation dans le temps et l’espace, l’attention et le calcul mental, la mémoire immédiate et différée de mots, le langage ainsi que les aptitudes visuo-constructives. Mini Mental State Examination Mini Mental State Examination Frank Arnould Croy, I., Zehner, C., Larsson, M., Zucco, G. M., & Hummel, T. (2015). Test–retest reliability and validity of the sniffin’ TOM odor memory test. Chemical Senses, 40(3), 173‑179. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bju069 Sorokowska, A., Sabiniewicz, A., & Larsson, M. (2020). TOM-32–An extended test for the assessment of olfactory memory. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 344, 108873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108873 2020-11-26 2023-09-04 Sniffin’ TOM TOM TOM-32 Neuropsychological test of episodic odor memory. Test neuropsychologique de mémoire épisodique des odeurs. An extended 32-item version of the test was developed by Sorokowska et al (2020). Une version étendue à 32 items du test a été développée par Sorokowska et al. (2020). Test de mémoire des odeurs Test for Odor Memory Frank Arnould Cabeza, R. (2002). Hemispheric asymmetry reduction in older adults : The HAROLD model. Psychology and Aging, 17(1), 85‑100. https://doi.org/10.1037//0882-7974.17.1.85 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 HAROLD hypothesis Hemispheric Asymmetry Reduction in Older Adults Hemispheric Asymmetry Reduction in Older Adults hypothesis hypothèse HAROLD Model of cognitive aging. Older adults show a reduction in hemispheric asymmetry in the prefrontal cortex during the performance of cognitive tasks, especially during memory tasks, compared to younger subjects. This phenomenon is thought to be an attempt by older adults to compensate for cognitive difficulties. Modèle du vieillissement cognitif. Chez les personnes âgées, réduction de l'asymétrie hémisphérique dans le cortex préfrontal pendant la réalisation de tâches cognitives, et notamment au cours de tâches de mémoire, par rapport aux sujets jeunes. Ce phénomène traduirait des tentatives de compensation de difficultés cognitives par les adultes âgés. HAROLD model modèle HAROLD Frank Arnould Derouesné, C., Rapin, J.-R., Lacomblez, L. (2004). Plainte mnésique chez 200 sujets répondant aux critères de l’age-associated memory impairment : corrélats psychoaffectifs et cognitifs. Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement, 2(1), 67-74. 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 trouble de la mémoire lié à l'âge A set of criteria for the diagnosis of benign memory impairment associated with the normal aging process: Subjects must be at least 50 years old; Subjects must complain about their memory; Performance on objective memory tests shows memory problems compared to younger subjects; Absence of dementia or other conditions that can cause cognitive impairment. Ensemble de critères pour diagnostiquer les troubles bénins de la mémoire observés durant le vieillissement normal : les sujets doivent être âgés d'au moins 50 ans ; les sujets se plaignent de leur mémoire ; les performances objectives à des tests de mémoire montrent des difficultés de la mémoire par rapport à des sujets jeunes ; absence de démence ou d'autres pathologies pouvant provoquer des détériorations cognitives. age-associated memory impairments déficits de la mémoire liés à l'âge troubles de la mémoire liés à l'âge age-associated memory impairment déficit de la mémoire lié à l'âge Frank Arnould Semenza, C., & Zettin, M. (1989). Evidence from aphasia for the role of proper names as pure referring expressions. Nature, 342(6250), 678-679. https://doi.org/10.1038/342678a0 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 proper noun anomia Inability to name persons, while the ability to name common objects is preserved, as well as access to other conceptual information about persons (e.g., patients have no difficulty in recalling a person's occupation). Proper name anomia is sometimes accompanied by place anomia and is the result of lesions in the left cerebral hemisphere. Incapacité à nommer des personnes, alors que la capacité à nommer des objets communs est préservée, ainsi que l'accès à d'autres informations conceptuelles relatives aux personnes (par exemple, les patients n'éprouvent pas de difficulté à retrouver la profession d'un individu). L'anomie des noms propres s'accompagne parfois d'une anomie des lieux et est la conséquence de lésions dans l'hémisphère cérébral gauche. anomie des noms propres proper name anomia Frank Arnould 2020-06-22 2022-02-23 Exaltation des souvenirs autobiographiques observée dans certains troubles mentaux. Exaltation of autobiographical memories observed in certain mental disorders. hypermnesia (pathology) hypermnésie (pathologie) Frank Arnould Behrmann, M., & Nishimura, M. (2010). Agnosias. WIREs Cognitive Science, 1(2), 203–213. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.42 2019-10-30 2022-03-30 cécité psychique Inability to recognize certain types of stimuli (objects, faces, sounds, etc.) in the absence of sensory deficits. Incapacité à reconnaitre certains types de stimuli (objets, visages, sons, etc.) en l’absence de déficits sensoriels. agnosias agnosic agnosies agnosique agnosiques agnosia agnosie Frank Arnould Belliard, S., Jonin, P.-Y., & Merck, C. (2010). Actualités sur la démence sémantique. Revue de neuropsychologie, 2(1), 31-37. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.021.0031 Cole, R. H., Clark, C. N., & Poole, N. A. (2023). Semantic dementia: A complex and culturally influenced presentation. BJPsych Bulletin, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjb.2022.100 Kawakatsu, S., Kobayashi, R., Morioka, D., Hayashi, H., Utsunomiya, A., Kabasawa, T., Ohe, R., Futakuchi, M., & Otani, K. (2023). Clinicopathological diversity of semantic dementia: Comparisons of patients with early-onset versus late-onset, left-sided versus right-sided temporal atrophy, and TDP-type A versus type C pathology. Neuropathology, 43(1), 5–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/neup.12859 Kawakatsu, S., Kobayashi, R., Morioka, D., Hayashi, H., Utsunomiya, A., Kabasawa, T., Ohe, R., Futakuchi, M., & Otani, K. (2023). Clinicopathological diversity of semantic dementia: Comparisons of patients with early-onset versus late-onset, left-sided versus right-sided temporal atrophy, and TDP-type A versus type C pathology. Neuropathology, 43(1), 5–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/neup.12859 Klimova, B., Novotny, M., & Kuca, K. (2017). Semantic dementia: A mini-review. Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.2174/1389557516666161223155110 Landin-Romero, R., Tan, R., Hodges, J. R., & Kumfor, F. (2016). An update on semantic dementia: Genetics, imaging, and pathology. Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy, 8(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-016-0219-5 Merck, C., Noël, A., Jamet, É., Robert, M., Salmon, A., & Kalénine, S. (2022). La démence sémantique: un bon modèle clinique de perte du système sémantique ? Revue de neuropsychologie, 14(3), 171–178. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2022.0715 Snowden, J., Goulding, P. J., & David, N. (1989). Semantic dementia : A form of circumscribed cerebral atrophy. Behavioural Neurology, 2(3), 167‑182. https://doi.org/10.1155/1989/124043 Yang, Q., Guo, Q., & Bi, Y. (2015). The brain connectivity basis of semantic dementia: A selective review. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 21(10), 784–792. https://doi.org/10.1111/cns.12449 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 "Semantic dementia (SD) is a subtype of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) characterized by selective deficits in semantic memory, manifesting as loss of meaning for words, objects, or faces and is associated with prominent anterior temporal atrophy" (Kawakatsu et al., 2023, p. 5). « La démence sémantique (DS) est une affection neuro­dégénérative rare, faisant partie des dégénérescences lobaires fronto­temporales. [...] Elle est définie comme relevant d’une atteinte progressive et isolée de la mémoire sémantique. [...] L’altération des connaissances sémantiques résulte de l’atrophie du lobe temporal, souvent bilatérale mais avec une prédominance des atteintes du côté gauche dans une majorité des cas [...] l’atteinte des connaissances sémantiques est présen­tée comme étant globale et profonde, responsable d’une réduction du vocabulaire, d’une mauvaise compréhension et de déficits dans l’identification des objets et des per­sonnes dans différentes modalités d’entrée, notamment ver­bale et non verbale » (Merck et al., 2022, p. 172). démence sémantique semantic dementia Frank Arnould Diamantaras, A. A., Blondiaux, E., Schumacher, R., Müri, R. M., Blanke, O., & Heydrich, L. (2023). The neuropsychology and neuroanatomy of reduplicative paramnesia. Cortex, 167, 12-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2023.06.006 Pignat, J.M., Ptak, R., Leemann, B., Guggisberg, A. G., Zahler, B., & Schnider, A. (2013). Modulation of environmental reduplicative paramnesia by perceptual experience. Neurocase, 19(5), 445-450. https://doi.org/10.1080/13554794.2012.690428 2017-12-04 2023-08-15 paramnésie reduplicative reduplicative paramnesia A disorder characterized by the involuntary attribution of a false identity to a place. Trouble se manifestant par l'attribution involontaire d'une fausse identité à un lieu. For example, Pignat et el. (2013) described the case of a 53-year-old man with frontal and temporal traumatic brain damage in the right hemisphere who thought he was in Portugal (his native country) when he was actually in Switzerland (his adopted country), essentially when the landscapes surrounding him were ambiguous. The disorder, which was transitory, finally disappeared. Par exemple, Pignat et el. (2013) ont décrit le cas d’un homme de 53 ans, atteint de lésions cérébrales traumatiques frontales et temporales de l’hémisphère droit, qui pensait se trouver au Portugal (son pays natal) alors qu’il se trouvait en réalité en Suisse (son pays d’adoption), essentiellement quand les paysages l’environnant étaient ambigus. Le trouble, transitoire, finit par disparaitre. environmental reduplicative paramnesia paramnésie reduplicative environnementale Frank Arnould Pouliquen, D., Chastan, M., Bliaux, E., Nicolas, G., & Martinaud, O. (2020). Retrograde amnesia with transposition in the past : A neuropsychological and PET study of a case. Neuropsychology, 34(2), 235‑245. https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0000607 2020-09-10 2023-09-04 Associated with retrograde amnesia, a phenomenon in which the patient has an absolute belief that he or she is younger than his or her actual age and that he or she is living at an earlier age (Pouliquen et al., 2020). Associé à une amnésie rétrograde, phénomène correspondant à la croyance absolue du patient d'être plus jeune que son âge réel et de vivre à cette époque plus précoce (Pouliquen et al., 2020). transposition dans le passé transposition in the past Frank Arnould De Vita, D., Sagliano, L., & Trojano, L. (in press). Memory biases in Alzheimer’s disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. A systematic review and metanalysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 105277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105277 Eustache, F., Giffard, B., Rauchs, G., Chételat, G., Piolino, P., & Desgranges, B. (2006). La maladie d’Alzheimer et la mémoire humaine. Revue Neurologique, 162(10), 929–939. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0035-3787(06)75102-5 Malone, C., Deason, R. G., Palumbo, R., Heyworth, N., Tat, M., & Budson, A. E. (2019). False memories in patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer’s disease dementia: Can cognitive strategies help? Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 41(2), 204–218. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2018.1513453 Rentz, D. M., Orlovsky, I., Kilpatrick, E., & Papp, K. V. (2019). Alzheimer’s disease. In M. L. Alosco & R. A. Stern (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Adult Cognitive Disorders (pp. 549–574). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190664121.013.26 Scheltens, P., De Strooper, B., Kivipelto, M., Holstege, H., Chételat, G., Teunissen, C. E., Cummings, J., & van der Flier, W. M. (2021). Alzheimer’s disease. The Lancet, 397(10284), 1577–1590. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32205-4 2017-12-04 El Haj, M., Colombel, F., Kapogiannis, D., & Gallouj, K. (2020). False memory in Alzheimer’s disease. Behavioural Neurology, 2020, e5284504. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5284504 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] McLachlan, E., Rai, S., Al-Shihabi, A., Huntley, J., Burgess, N., Howard, R., & Reeves, S. (2020). Neuroimaging correlates of false memory in ’Alzheimer’s disease: A preliminary systematic review. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 296, 111021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.111021 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-06-06 Alzheimer's dementia dementia of the Alzheimer type démence d'Alzheimer démence de type Alzheimer A degenerative disease of the brain with the presence of senile plaques and neurofibrillary degeneration. Brain atrophy begins in the hippocampal region, extends to associative regions and then to frontal regions. Memory problems are the first signs of the disease. Several aspects of memory are affected by Alzheimer's disease: episodic memory (which can disrupt people's sense of identity), semantic memory, working memory (including the central administrator). Procedural memory is more resistant to the disease, and perceptual priming is preserved. Maladie dégénérative du cerveau (présence de plaques séniles et de dégénérescences neurofibrillaires). L’atrophie du cerveau débute dans la région hippocampique, s’étend aux régions associatives puis aux régions frontales. Les troubles de la mémoire constituent les signes inauguraux de la maladie. Plusieurs aspects de la mémoire sont touchés dans la maladie d’Alzheimer : la mémoire épisodique (pouvant perturber le sentiment d'identité des personnes), la mémoire sémantique, la mémoire de travail (notamment l’administrateur central). La mémoire procédurale résiste mieux à la maladie et les amorçages perceptifs sont préservés. Alzheimer's disease maladie d'Alzheimer Frank Arnould Shallice, T., & Warrington, E. (1970). Independent functioning of verbal memory stores: A neuropsychological study. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 22(2), 261–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/00335557043000203 Warrington, E. K., & Shallice, T. (1969). The selective impairment of auditory verbal short-term memory. Brain, 92(4), 885–896. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/92.4.885 2021-09-21 2023-09-04 K.F. patient patient K.F. A patient described by Shallice & Warrington (1969 ; 1970) who suffered from short-term memory impairment (reduced digit span, no recency effect) with preserved long-term memory after a traumatic brain injury. Patient décrit par Shallice & Warrington (1969 ; 1970) qui, après un traumatisme crânien, présentait un trouble de la mémoire à court terme (empan de chiffres réduit, pas d’effet de récence), mais une mémoire à long terme préservée. KF case KF patient cas KF patient KF K.F. case cas K.F. Frank Arnould Basso, A., Spinnler, H., Vallar, G., & Zanobio, M. E. (1982). Left hemisphere damage and selective impairment of auditory verbal short-term memory. A case study. Neuropsychologia, 20(3), 263–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(82)90101-4 Vallar, G., & Baddeley, A. D. (1984a). Fractionation of working memory: Neuropsychological evidence for a phonological short-term store. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 23(2), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90104-X Vallar, G., & Baddeley, A. D. (1984b). Phonological short-term store, phonological processing and sentence comprehension: A neuropsychological case study. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 1(2), 121–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/02643298408252018 2021-09-21 2023-09-04 P.V. patient patiente P.V. A patient suffering from a pure and specific phonological immediate memory impairment (Basso et al., 1982). Patiente souffrant d’un trouble pur et spécifique de la mémoire immédiate phonologique (Basso et al., 1982). PV case PV patient cas PV patiente PV P.V. case cas P.V. Bruno, D., & Schurmann Vignaga, S. (2019). Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination III in the diagnosis of dementia: A critical review. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 15, 441–447. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S151253 Hodges, J. R., & Larner, A. J. (2017). Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examinations: ACE, ACE-R, ACE-III, ACEapp, and M-ACE. In A. J. Larner (Ed.), Cognitive Screening Instruments: A Practical Approach (pp. 109–137). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44775-9_6 Hsieh, S., Schubert, S., Hoon, C., Mioshi, E., & Hodges, J. R. (2013). Validation of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 36(3–4), 242–250. https://doi.org/10.1159/000351671 Mioshi, E., Dawson, K., Mitchell, J., Arnold, R., & Hodges, J. R. (2006). The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R): A brief cognitive test battery for dementia screening. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(11), 1078–1085. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.1610 Noone, P. (2015). Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-III. Occupational Medicine, 65(5), 418–420. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqv041 2023-03-30 Frank Arnould 2023-03-31 Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Homme Human A brief cognitive screening tool for the diagnosis of dementia. The test assesses attention, memory, verbal fluency, language and visuospatial abilities. Outil de dépistage cognitif rapide pour le diagnostic de la démence. Le test évalue l'attention, la mémoire, la fluence verbale, le langage et les aptitudes visuospatiales. Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination - III Examen cognitif d'Addenbrooke - III Glynn, K., Coen, R., & Lawlor, B. A. (2019). Is the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment Screen (QMCI) more accurate at detecting mild cognitive impairment than existing short cognitive screening tests? A systematic review of the current literature. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 34(12), 1739–1746. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.5201 O’Caoimh, R., Gao, Y., McGlade, C., Healy, L., Gallagher, P., Timmons, S., & Molloy, D. W. (2012). Comparison of the quick mild cognitive impairment (Qmci) screen and the SMMSE in screening for mild cognitive impairment. Age and Ageing, 41(5), 624–629. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afs059 2023-03-30 Frank Arnould 2023-04-03 Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Homme Human QMCI QMCI A quick cognitive screening tool for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment consisting of six sub-tests: orientation, registration, clock drawing, delayed recall, verbal fluency, and logical memory. Outil de dépistage cognitif rapide pour le diagnostic du déficit cognitif léger comprenant six sous-tests : orientation, mémoire immédiate de mots, dessin de l'horloge, rappel différé de mots, fluence verbale et mémoire logique (rappel immédiat d'une histoire). Dépistage rapide du déficit cognitif léger Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment Screen Frank Arnould De Wit, L., Marsiske, M., O’Shea, D., Kessels, R. P. C., Kurasz, A. M., DeFeis, B., Schaefer, N., & Smith, G. E. (2021). Procedural learning in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuropsychology Review, 31(1), 103–114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-020-09449-1 Li, X., & Zhang, Z. (2015). Neuropsychological and neuroimaging characteristics of amnestic mild cognitive impairment subtypes: A selective overview. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 21(10), 776–783. https://doi.org/10.1111/cns.12391 Rabi, R., Vasquez, B. P., Alain, C., Hasher, L., Belleville, S., & Anderson, N. D. (2020). Inhibitory control deficits in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis. Neuropsychology Review, 30(1), 97–125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-020-09428-6 2017-12-04 2023-03-29 aMCI Déficit cognitif léger limité à des troubles de la mémoire épisodique. Mild cognitive impairment limited to disorders of episodic memory. amnestic mild cognitive impairment déficit cognitif léger amnésique Frank Arnould Cattell, R. B. (1971). Abilities: Their structure, growth, and action. Houghton Mifflin. 2019-05-10 2023-03-23 Gc A form of intelligence that corresponds to the ability to use acquired knowledge and skills. Forme d'intelligence correspondant à l'aptitude à utiliser les connaissances et les habiletés acquises. crystallized intelligence intelligence cristallisée Frank Arnould Cattell, R. B. (1971). Abilities: Their structure, growth, and action. Houghton Mifflin. 2018-10-22 2023-03-23 Gf Gf fluid reasoning raisonnement fluide Aptitude à mener des raisonnements logiques pour résoudre des problèmes nouveaux, indépendante des connaissances acquises et de la culture. The ability to apply logical reasoning to the solution of new problems, independent of prior knowledge and culture. fluid intelligence intelligence fluide Frank Arnould Norman, D. A., Shallice, T., (1986). Attention to action: Willed and automatic control of behaviour. In R.Davidson, G.E. Schwartz, & D. Shapiro (Eds.), Consciousness and Self-Regulation: Advances in Research and Practice (Vol. 4, p. 1-18). Plenum Press. 2017-12-04 2022-02-18 Model of attention (Shallice & Norman, 1980 ; Norman & Shallice, 1986) used by Baddeley to describe the central executive functioning in working memory. Modèle de l'attention (Norman & Shallice, 1980 ; Shallice & Norman, 1986) utilisé par Baddeley pour décrire le fonctionnement de l'administrateur central de la mémoire de travail. The supervisory attentional system model was developed by Norman & Shallice to account for neuropsychological and everyday life data, such as slips of actions. It is a model of the attentional control of action, which operates at three levels: an automatic level, during which actions are performed without deliberate attention and triggered by internal or external cues, based on pre-existing routines; a semi-automatic level, when actions conflict, which will select the priority action to produce; a deliberate attentional level, when actions require planning, during decision-making, in new, poorly controlled, difficult or dangerous situations or in case of a problem during the execution of an action. Élaboré pour rendre compte de données neuropsychologiques ou de la vie quotidienne, comme les actes manqués, le modèle de Norman et Shallice se présente comme une théorie du contrôle attentionnel des actions. Celui-ci opère selon trois niveaux : 1. Des actions peuvent être réalisées de façon complètement automatique, sans aucune intervention attentionnelle délibérée, à partir de ce que Norman et Shallice appellent des schémas, qui sont des routines d'actions rodées et habituelles, déclenchées par des indices internes ou environnementaux. 2. Lorsque des actions entrent en conflit, le contrôle des actions s'effectue de façon semi-automatique au moyen d'un gestionnaire de priorités de déroulement qui va sélectionner l'action prioritaire à effectuer. 3. Lorsqu'il s'agit de modifier, d’inhiber ou d'interrompre des actions en cours, de stopper des automatismes (donc les schémas), le contrôle devient attentionnel et délibéré et est pris en charge par le système attentionnel superviseur. Ce système interviendrait, par exemple, dans les tâches qui nécessitent des activités de planification et de prise de décision, lors de situations nouvelles, mal maîtrisées, difficiles ou dangereuses, en cas de problème pendant l'exécution d'une action. Le système attentionnel superviseur serait localisé dans les lobes frontaux puisque des lésions de cette partie de l'encéphale entraînent, par exemple, des troubles cognitifs comme la persévération, c'est-à-dire l'incapacité pour le patient d'interrompre et de modifier une réponse en cours ou encore des difficultés pour contrôler l'exécution de réponses habituelles. supervisory attentional system système attentionnel superviseur Carré, J., Vom Hofe, A., & Boudoukha, A.-H. (2014). Psychopathologie de la vie quotidienne: Validation d’un nouveau questionnaire de défaillances cognitives. Psychologie Française, 59(2), 167–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psfr.2013.07.003 2022-07-25 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human QDCQ QDCQ Questionnaire d’autoévaluation des difficultés cognitives subjectives rencontrées dans la vie quotidienne dans les domaines de l’attention, du langage et de la mémoire. Self-report questionnaire for subjective cognitive difficulties in daily life in the domains of attention, language and memory. Cognitive Failures Questionnaire Daily Questionnaire de défaillances cognitives quotidiennes Harris, J.E., & Wilkins, A. Remembering to do things: A theoretical framework and an illustrative experiment. Human Learning, 1982, 1, 123-36. Lecouvey, G., Gonneaud, J., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2015). Les grandes théories de la mémoire prospective: Vers une vision dynamique des processus cognitifs engagés lors du rappel programmé d’intentions. Revue de neuropsychologie, 7(3), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.073.0207 2023-03-20 Frank Arnould 2023-03-24 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human TWTE model modèle TWTE A model of prospective memory in which the execution of an intention occurs after a series of tests and waits (Harris & Wilkins, 1982). 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Different levels of statistical learning—Hidden potentials of sequence learning tasks. PLOS ONE, 14(9), e0221966. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221966 Török, B., Nagy, D. G., Kiss, M., Janacsek, K., Németh, D., & Orbán, G. (2022). Tracking the contribution of inductive bias to individualised internal models. PLOS Computational Biology, 18(6), e1010182. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010182 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Dezső Németh apprentissage de séquences apprentissage probabiliste implicite implicit probabilistic learning sequence learning Apprentissage non conscient de séquences récurrentes ou de régularités statistiques présentes dans l’environnement sans récompense ou renforcement. Nonconscious learning of recurring sequences or statistical regularities in the environment without reward or reinforcement. apprentissage de séquence apprentissages statistiques apprentissage statistique statistical learning Frank Arnould Kim, H. (2015). Encoding and retrieval along the long axis of the hippocampus and their relationships with dorsal attention and default mode networks : The HERNET model. Hippocampus, 25(4), 500‑510. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22387 2020-10-27 2023-09-04 Hippocampal Encoding/Retrieval and Network model Evolution of the HIPER model, "in which the encoding of sensory input involves mainly the anterior hippocampus and the external attention network, whereas retrieval engages mainly the posterior hippocampus and the internal attention network." (Kim, 2015, p. 501). Modèle, évolution du modèle HIPER,  « dans lequel l'encodage des entrées sensorielles mobilise principalement l'hippocampe antérieur et le réseau d'attention externe, alors que la récupération engage principalement l'hippocampe postérieur et le réseau d'attention interne ». (Kim, 2015, p. 501). HERNET model modèle HERNET Frank Arnould Jolicœur, P., & Dell’Acqua, R. (1998). The demonstration of short-term consolidation. Cognitive Psychology, 36(2), 138–202. https://doi.org/10.1006/cogp.1998.0684 Ricker, T. (2015). The role of short-term consolidation in memory persistence. AIMS Neuroscience, 2(4), 259–279. https://doi.org/10.3934/Neuroscience.2015.4.259 2018-05-24 2023-04-03 Processus par lequel les traces mnésiques en mémoire à court terme deviennent plus durables et résistantes à l'oubli. The process by which memory traces in short-term memory become more durable and resistant to forgetting. consolidation à court terme short-term consolidation Frank Arnould Baddeley, A. (1996). Exploring the central executive. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 49(1), 5-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/713755608 Baddeley, A. (2012). Working memory: Theories, models, and controversies. Annual Review of Psychology, 63(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100422 2017-12-04 2022-03-07 attention exécutive centre exécutif contrôleur central contrôleur exécutif executive attention système exécutif central A component of working memory involved in the control of ongoing cognitive activity. Composant de la mémoire de travail impliqué dans le contrôle de l'activité cognitive en cours. Dans le modèle de Baddeley, système de la mémoire de travail dont le rôle est d'assurer le contrôle de l’attention et la coordination de la boucle phonologique, du calepin visuo-spatial et du buffer épisodique. In Baddeley's model, system in working memory for the control of attention and the coordination of the phonological loop, the visuospatial sketchpad and the episodic buffer. administrateur central central executive Koch, F.-S., Heimann, M., Rudner, M., Barr, R., PhD, Sundqvist, A., Thornberg, U. B., & Ullman, M. (2019, October 17). Ocular-motor serial reaction time (SRT) task. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/5NPRU Zhao, F. (2020, February 17). Sequential modulation of across-task congruency in the serial reaction time task. https://osf.io/gvknb/ Frank Arnould Janacsek, K., Shattuck, K. F., Tagarelli, K. M., Lum, J. A. G., Turkeltaub, P. E., & Ullman, M. T. (2020). Sequence learning in the human brain: A functional neuroanatomical meta-analysis of serial reaction time studies. NeuroImage, 207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116387 Nissen, M. J., & Bullemer, P. (1987). Attentional requirements of learning: Evidence from performance measures. Cognitive Psychology, 19(1), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(87)90002-8 Robertson, E. M. (2007). The serial reaction time task: Implicit motor skill learning? Journal of Neuroscience, 27(38), 10073–10075. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2747-07.2007 2022-03-25 2023-09-04 SRT SRTT temps de reaction sériel "In this task, a visual cue can appear at any one of four positions arranged horizontally on a computer screen. Each screen position, designated 1– 4, corresponds to a button on a response pad. When a cue appears, at the start of each trial, a participant selects the appropriate response button, which ends the trial [...]. The duration of each trial, defined by the participant’s response time, is the primary task measure. At the end of each trial, there is a short fixed delay, often between 200 and 500 ms, before another cue is presented. The visual cues play out a repeating sequence of positions (for example, 2-3-1-4-3-2-4-1-3-4-2-1). These sequential trials are then followed by random trials in which the visual cue no longer plays out a repeating pattern of positions." (Robertson, 2007, p. 10074). « Dans cette tâche, un indice visuel peut apparaître à l'une des quatre positions disposées horizontalement sur un écran d'ordinateur. Chaque position de l'écran, désignée par 1 jusqu'à 4, correspond à un bouton sur un clavier de réponse. Lorsqu'un indice apparaît, au début de chaque essai, le participant sélectionne le bouton de réponse approprié, ce qui met fin à l'essai [...]. La durée de chaque essai, définie par le temps de réponse du participant, est la mesure principale de la tâche. À la fin de chaque essai, un court délai fixe, souvent entre 200 et 500 ms, est appliqué avant qu'un autre indice soit présenté. Les indices visuels présentent une séquence répétitive de positions (par exemple, 2-3-1-4-3-2-4-1-3-4-2-1). Ces essais séquentiels sont ensuite suivis d'essais aléatoires au cours desquels l'indice visuel ne reproduit plus un modèle répétitif de positions. » (Robertson, 2007, p. 10074). serial reaction time serial reaction times tâches de temps de réaction sériel serial reaction time task tâche de temps de réaction sériel Farkas, B. C. (2022, February 7). The reliability of the Alternating Serial Reaction Time task. https://osf.io/9szk7/ Frank Arnould Farkas, B. C., Janacsek, K., & Nemeth, D. (2022). The reliability of the alternating serial reaction time task. PsyArXiv [Preprint]. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/5nw4y Howard, J. H., & Howard, D. V. (1997). Age differences in implicit learning of higher order dependencies in serial patterns. Psychology and Aging, 12(4), 634–656. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.12.4.634 Janacsek, K., Fiser, J., & Nemeth, D. (2012). The best time to acquire new skills: Age-related differences in implicit sequence learning across the human lifespan. Developmental Science, 15(4), 496–505. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2012.01150.x 2022-03-25 2023-09-04 ASRT temps de réaction en série alterné A variation of the serial reaction time task in which random elements are interspersed within the repeated sequence. Variation de la tâche de temps de réaction sériel au cours de laquelle des éléments aléatoires sont intercalés au sein de la séquence répétée. alternating serial reaction time alternating serial reaction time tasks alternating serial reaction times alternating serial reaction time task tâche de temps de réaction en série alterné Frank Arnould Bruner, E. (2018). Human paleoneurology and the evolution of the parietal cortex. Brain, Behavior and Evolution, 91(3), 136–147. https://doi.org/10.1159/000488889 Cabeza, R., Ciaramelli, E., Olson, I. R., & Moscovitch, M. (2008). The parietal cortex and episodic memory: An attentional account. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9(8), 613–625. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2459 2022-03-22 2023-09-04 DPC cortex parietal postérieur dorsal dorsal posterior parietal cortex Region of the posterior parietal cortex comprising the superior parietal lobule, intraparietal sulcus and precuneus. Région du cortex parietal postérieur comprenant le lobule pariétal supérieur, le sillon intrapariétal et le précunéus. cortex pariétal dorsal dorsal parietal cortex Frank Arnould Atkinson, R. C., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1968). Human memory : A proposed system and its conrtol processes. In K. W. Spence & J. T. Spence (Éds.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 2, p. 89‑195). Academic Press. http://cogs.indiana.edu/FestschriftForRichShiffrin/pubs/1968%20Human%20Memory.%20Atkinson,%20Shiffrin.pdf Atkinson, R.C.. & Shiffrin, R.M. (1968). La mémoire humaine : proposition d'un modèle avec ses processus de contrôle. Dans Serge Nicolas & Pascale Piolino (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire (pp. 33-70). De Boeck. Malmberg, K. J., Raaijmakers, J. G. W., & Shiffrin, R. M. (2019). 50 years of research sparked by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968). Memory & Cognition, 47(4), 561–574. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00896-7 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 Atkinson and Shiffrin's model modèle d'Atkinson et Shiffrin Model of the structure and control processes of memory (Atkinson & Shiffrin, 1968). The information first enters the sensory register. Selected information is then transferred to the short-term store, whose capacity is limited. It is temporarily stored for several seconds. It may be kept longer if a mental rehearsal mechanism is engaged. Information is then transferred in the long-term store, and the latter can transfer information in the short-term store. Modèle de la structure et des processus de contrôle de la mémoire (Atkinson & Shiffrin, 1968). Les informations entrent tout d'abord dans le registre sensoriel. Une sélection d'informations est ensuite transférée dans le magasin à court terme, dont la capacité est limitée. Ces informations y sont stockées temporairement pendant quelques secondes. Elles peuvent être maintenues plus longtemps si un mécanisme de répétition mentale est enclenché. Le magasin à court terme peut ensuite transférer et récupérer des informations dans le magasin à long terme. Atkinson & Shiffrin's model modal model of memory modèle modal de la mémoire Frank Arnould Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2008). MNESIS: Towards the integration of current multisystem models of memory. Neuropsychology Review, 18(1), 53-69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-008-9052-3 Eustache, F., Viard, A., & Desgranges, B. (2016). The MNESIS model: Memory systems and processes, identity and future thinking. Neuropsychologia, 87, 96–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.05.006 2017-12-04 2022-06-01 Memory Neostructural and Inter-systemic model Modèle Néo-Structural et Inter-systémique de la mémoire Integrative model of memory, specifying the relations between different memory systems: procedural memory, semantic memory, episodic memory, perceptual memory and working memory (according to Baddeley's model). Modèle intégratif de la mémoire, spécifiant les relations entre différents systèmes mnésiques : mémoires procédurale, sémantique, épisodique, perceptive et mémoire de travail (d'après le modèle de Baddeley).  MNESIS model modèle MNESIS Frank Arnould Briglia, J. (2017). De l’énactivisme appliqué à la mémoire humaine : Athena, un modèle fractal de covariances sensorimotrices (https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01818765/file/2017_BRIGLIA_arch.pdf). Université Paul Valéry. Briglia, J., Servajean, P., Michalland, A.-H., Brunel, L., & Brouillet, D. (2018). Modeling an enactivist multiple-trace memory. ATHENA: A fractal model of human memory. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 82, 97–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmp.2017.12.002 2018-07-30 2022-02-17 "ATHENA is a fractal model which keeps track of former processes that led to the emergence of knowledge, and is therefore able to process contextual processes (abstraction manipulation)." (Brigilia et al., 2018, p. 97). « Modèle de mémoire énactiviste sans représentations inspiré de MINERVA2, mais prenant en compte les apports du modèle Act-In. La mémoire se construit ici par une contextualisation fractale des covariances sensorimotrices. » (Briglia, 2017). ATHENA model modèle ATHENA Aust, F., & Stahl, C. (2022, February 14). The enhancing effect of caffeine on mnemonic discrimination. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/P7F4M Ngo, C., Lin, Y., Newcombe, N., & Olson, I. R. (2018, April 2). Building up and wearing down episodic memory: Mnemonic discrimination and relational binding. Retrieved fromhttps://osf.io/j94nz Wahlheim, C. N., Christensen, A. P., Cassidy, B. S., & Reagh, Z. (2021, November 23). Intrinsic functional connectivity in the default mode network predicts mnemonic discrimination: A connectome-based modeling approach. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/F6VG8 Frank Arnould Bernstein, E. E., Brühl, A., Kley, H., Heinrichs, N., & McNally, R. J. (2020). Mnemonic discrimination in treatment-seeking adults with and without PTSD. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 131, 103650. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2020.103650 Yassa, M. A., & Stark, C. E. L. (2011). Pattern separation in the hippocampus. Trends in Neurosciences, 34(10), 515-525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2011.06.006 2020-06-11 2022-04-25 « La discrimination mnémonique dénote la capacité d'une personne à différencier un stimulus nouveau d’un stimulus précédent, très similaire. » (Berstein et al., 2020). “Mnemonic discrimination denotes one's ability to differentiate a new stimulus from a previous, highly similar one.“ (Berstein et al., 2020). discriminations mnémoniques mnemonic discriminations discrimination mnémonique mnemonic discrimination Frank Arnould Neisser, U. (1981). John Dean’s memory: A case study. Cognition, 9(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(81)90011-1 2017-12-04 2022-01-13 mémoire répisodique Generic memory that is the result of a mixture of similar specific memories (Neisser, 1981). Particular memories become harder to find, but appropriate cues may facilitate their retrieval. Souvenir générique qui est le résultat d'un mélange de souvenirs spécifiques similaires (Neisser, 1981). Les souvenirs particuliers deviennent plus difficiles à retrouver, mais des indices appropriés peuvent faciliter leur remémoration. repisodic memories souvenirs répisodiques repisodic memory souvenir répisodique Frank Arnould Fuster, J. M. (1997). Network memory. Trends in Neurosciences, 20(10), 451–459. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01128-4 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Innate sensory and motor systems, which results from natural selection, and constituting the memory of the species, from which individual memory is built. Systèmes sensoriels et moteurs innés, résultat de la sélection naturelle et constituant la mémoire de l'espèce, à partir desquels se construirait la mémoire individuelle. mémoire phylétique phyletic memory Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 souvenir auditif Generic term used for the capability to encode, store and retrieve auditory information. Terme générique utilisé pour désigner la capacité à coder, stocker et récupérer des informations auditives. auditory memories souvenirs auditifs auditory memory mémoire auditive Frank Arnould Mayes, A., Montaldi, D., & Migo, E. (2007). Associative memory and the medial temporal lobes. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11(3), 126-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2006.12.003 Moses, S. N., & Ryan, J. D. (2006). A comparison and evaluation of the predictions of relational and conjunctive accounts of hippocampal function. Hippocampus, 16(1), 43-65. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.20131 2017-12-04 2023-05-27 conjunctive binding liage conjonctif liaison conjonctive mémoire conjonctive Memory integrating into a unique representation the characteristics of an object (its shape, size, color, size, etc.). Souvenir intégrant en une représentation unique les différentes caractéristiques d'un objet (sa taille, couleur, dimension...). conjunctive memories liaisons conjonctives souvenirs conjonctifs conjunctive memory souvenir conjonctif Frank Arnould Sun, M.-K., & Alkon, D. L. (2014). The “Memory Kinases”: Roles of PKC Isoforms in Signal Processing and Memory Formation. In Z. U. Khan & E. C. Muly (Éd.), Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science (Vol. 122, p. 31–59). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-420170-5.00002-7 2018-08-03 2022-01-11 PKCa aPKC protéines kinase C atypiques atypical protein kinase C protéine kinase C atypique Frank Arnould Giese, K. P., & Mizuno, K. (2013). The roles of protein kinases in learning and memory. Learning & Memory, 20(10), 540‑552. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.028449.112 Sun, M.-K., & Alkon, D. L. (2014). The “Memory Kinases”: Roles of PKC Isoforms in Signal Processing and Memory Formation. In Z. U. Khan & E. C. Muly (Éd.), Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science (Vol. 122, p. 31–59). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-420170-5.00002-7 2018-08-03 2022-03-30 PKC PKC protéines kinase C protein kinase C protéine kinase C Frank Arnould McLaughlin, B. (1965). "Intentional" and "incidental" learning in human subjects : The role of instructions to learn and motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 63(5), 359‑376. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0021759 2017-12-04 2022-01-11 apprentissage non intentionnel nonintentional learning Learning situation in which the subject is not notified that his/her memory will be assessed. Situation d’apprentissage durant laquelle le sujet n’est pas prévenu que le matériel acquis fera l’objet d’un test de mémoire. apprentissages incidents apprentissages non intentionnels apprentissage incident incidental learning Frank Arnould McLaughlin, B. (1965). "Intentional" and "incidental" learning in human subjects : The role of instructions to learn and motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 63(5), 359‑376. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0021759 2017-12-04 2022-01-13 apprentissage explicite explicit learning Learning situation in which the subject is notified that his memory will be assessed. Situation d’apprentissage durant laquelle le sujet est prévenu que sa mémoire sera testée. apprentissages explicites apprentissages intentionnels apprentissage intentionnel intentional learning Frank Arnould ​ Logan, G. D. (1988). Toward an instance theory of automatization. Psychological Review, 95(4), 492–527. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.95.4.492 2018-03-15 2022-01-12 ​Dans le modèle de Logan (1988), trace laissée en mémoire à long terme par chaque exposition à une tâche. L'accumulation de ces traces va constituer une base de connaissances qui sera graduellement utilisée pour l'automatisation de la tâche. ​In Logan's model (1988), a trace left in long-term memory by each exposure to a task. The accumulation of these traces will constitute a knowledge base that will be gradually used for the automatization of the task. episodic traces traces épisodiques episodic trace trace épisodique Frank Arnould Fivush, R. (2009). Sociocultural perspectives on autobiographical memory. In M. L. Courage & N. Cowan (Eds.), The Development of Memory in Infancy and Childhood (p. 283-301). Psychology Press. Fivush, R. (2014). Maternal reminiscing style: The sociocultural construction of autobiographical memory across childhood and adolescence. In P. J. Bauer & R. Fivish (Eds.), The Wiley Handbook on The Development of Children’s Memory (p. 568-585). Wiley. Fivush, R. (2019). Family narratives and the development of an autobiographical self: Social and cultural perspectives on autobiographical memory. Routledge. Fivush, R., & Nelson, K. (2004). Culture and language in the emergence of autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 15(9), 573-577. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00722.x Fivush, R., Haden, C. A., & Reese, E. (2023). Parent–child autobiographical reminiscing as a foundation for literacy, memory, and science education. In R. Logie, N. Cowan, S. Gathercole, R. Engle, & Z. Wen (Eds.), Memory in Science for Society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 273–294). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192849069.003.0011 Léonard, C., Geurten, M., & Willems, S. (2020). L’influence du style de réminiscence parentale sur le développement des mémoires autobiographique et épisodique. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 12(3), 299‑307. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2020.0586 Wu, Y., & Jobson, L. (2019). Maternal reminiscing and child autobiographical memory elaboration: A meta-analytic review. Developmental Psychology, 55(12), 2505–2521. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000821 2017-12-04 2023-05-27 conversational style parental reminiscing style style conversationnel Mode de communication qu'adoptent les parents avec leur enfant en parlant du passé et qui influencerait le développement de la mémoire autobiographique. Mode of communication used by parents with their children when talking about the past, which is thought to influence the development of autobiographical memory. conversational styles parental reminiscing styles reminiscing styles styles conversationnels styles de réminiscence reminiscing style style de réminiscence jpurcel8. (2021). Data for Purcell, Rapp, and Martin (2021) Distinct neural substrates support phonological and orthographic working memory: Implications for theories of working memory. https://github.com/jpurcel8/Distinct-Neural-Substrates-Support-P-and-O-WM_Figure3-4 Frank Arnould Martin, R. C., Rapp, B., & Purcell, J. (2021). Domain-specific working memory: Perspectives from cognitive neuropsychology. In R. Logie, V. Camos, & N. Cowan (Eds.), Working memory: The state of the science (pp. 235–281). Oxford University Press. Purcell, J., Rapp, B., & Martin, R. C. (2021). Distinct neural substrates support phonological and orthographic working memory: Implications for theories of working memory. Frontiers in Neurology, 12, 681141. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.681141 2021-08-30 2023-09-04 buffer graphémique graphemic buffer tampon graphémique Fonction de la mémoire de travail « impliquée dans la rétention de l'identité et de l'ordre des lettres pendant l'épellation de mots individuels » (Purcell et al., 2021, p. 1-2). Function of working memory “involved in retaining the identity and order of letters during the spelling of individual words.“ (Purcell et al., 2021, p. 1-2). mémoire de travail orthographique orthographic working memory Frank Arnould Beckers, G. J. L., Berwick, R. C., Okanoya, K., & Bolhuis, J. J. (2017). What do animals learn in artificial grammar studies? Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 81, 238–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.12.021 Nicolas, S. (1996). L’apprentissage implicite : le cas des grammaires artificielles. L’Année Psychologique, 96(3), 459-493. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1996.28910 Pothos, E. M. (2007). Theories of artificial grammar learning. Psychological Bulletin, 133(2), 227–244. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.2.227 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 apprentissage d'une grammaire artificielle artificial grammar grammaire artificielle A task in which the subject is first confronted with a series of letters that follow artificial grammar rules. He/she then has to decide whether new series violate these rules or not. Tâche durant laquelle le sujet est d'abord confronté à des suites de lettres obéissant à règles grammaticales artificielles. Il doit ensuite décider si de nouvelles séries violent ou non ces règles. artifical grammar learning artificial grammar learning task tâche d'apprentissage d'une grammaire artificielle Frank Arnould Meyer, D. E., & Schvaneveldt, R. W. (1971). Facilitation in recognizing pairs of words: Evidence of a dependence between retrieval operations. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 90(2), 227-234. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031564 2017-12-04 2022-03-16 décision lexicale lexical decision Deciding whether the sequence of letters presented is a word or a nonword. Used especially in indirect tests of memory. Tâche consistant à demander au sujet de décider si la suite de lettres qui lui est proposée est un mot ou un non-mot . Utilisée notamment dans les tests indirects de la mémoire. décisions lexicales lexical decision tasks lexical decisions tâches de décision lexicale lexical decision task tâche de décision lexicale Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2022-03-30 According to these models, recognition is based on two different processes: 1. Recollection. The subject consciously retrieves the item to be recognized with the aid of contextual cues ; 2. Familiarity. Recognition of an item is based on a feeling of familiarity, without the retrieval of contextual details. Selon ces modèles, la reconnaissance peut reposer sur deux processus différents : 1. la remémoration (recollection). Le sujet va récupérer consciemment l'item qu'il doit reconnaître en s'aidant d'éléments contextuels ; 2. la familiarité. Le sujet base sa reconnaissance sur un sentiment de familiarité de l'item (sentiment d'avoir rencontré précédemment l'item) sans récupérer les détails contextuels. dual-process models of recognition memory modèle à deux processus de la reconnaissance Frank Arnould Hockley, W. E., & Murdock, B. B. (1987). A decision model for accuracy and response latency in recognition memory. Psychological Review, 94(3), 341‑358. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.94.3.341 Murdock, B. B. (1982). A theory for the storage and retrieval of item and associative information. Psychological Review, 89(6), 609-626. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.89.6.609 Murdock, B. B. (1983). A distributed memory model for serial-order information. Psychological Review, 90(4), 316‑338. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.90.4.316 Murdock, B. B. (1993). TODAM2 : A model for the storage and retrieval of item, associative, and serial-order information. Psychological Review, 100(2), 183‑203. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.100.2.183 Murdock, B. B. (1995). Developing TODAM : Three models for serial-order information. Memory & Cognition, 23(5), 631‑645. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197264 2021-07-12 2023-09-04 Theory of Distributed Associative Memory théorie de la mémoire associative distribuée « modèle de la mémoire et de la décision en deux étapes pour la reconnaissance d'items. Selon ce modèle, les items ou événements sont représentés par des vecteurs aléatoires, les opérations de stockage et de récupération sont la convolution et la corrélation, et le stockage en mémoire est distribué. » (Hockley & Murdock, 1987, p. 381). “a two-stage memory-and-decision model of item recognition. According to this model, items or events are represented by random vectors, the storage and retrieval operations are convolution and correlation, and memory storage is distributed.“ Hockey & Murdock, 1987, p. 381). TODAM TODAM Frank Arnould Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Yonelinas, A. P. (1994). Receiver-operating characteristics in recognition memory : Evidence for a dual-process model. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20(6), 1341‑1354. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.20.6.1341 Yonelinas, A. P., & Parks, C. M. (2007). Receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) in recognition memory: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 133(5), 800-832. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.5.800 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2021-06-07 2023-09-04 DPSD DPSD DPSDT DPSDT dual process signal detection theory théorie de la détection du signal à deux processus "assumes that recognition memory judgments are based on a recollection process whereby qualitative information about the study event is retrieved (e.g., where or when an item was studied), or if recollection fails, recognition is based on a familiarity assessment process“ (Yonelinas, 2007, p. 809). « suppose que les jugements de mémoire de reconnaissance sont basés sur un processus de recollection par lequel des informations qualitatives sur l'événement étudié sont récupérées (par exemple, où ou quand un élément a été étudié), ou si la recollection échoue, la reconnaissance est basée sur un processus d'évaluation de la familiarité » (Yonelinas, 2007, p. 809). dual-process signal detection model dual process signal detection model modèle de la détection du signal à deux processus Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 In these models, based on signal detection theory, recognition of items is based on a familiarity judgment according to a decision criterion. When familiarity is above this criterion, items are judged old. When familiarity is below this criterion, items are judged new. Modèles, basés sur la théorie de la détection du signal, selon lesquels la performance dans une tâche de reconnaissance repose sur le jugement de familiarité des items en fonction d'un critère de décision. Les items dont la familiarité est supérieure à ce critère sont jugés anciens (étudiés), ceux dont la familiarité est inférieure à ce critère sont jugés nouveaux. modèles à processus unique de la reconnaissance single-process models of recognition memory Frank Arnould Gillund, G., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1984). A retrieval model for both recognition and recall. Psychological Review, 91(1), 1-67. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-295X.91.1.1 Raaijmakers, J. G. W., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1980). SAM : A theory of probabilistic Search of Associative Memory. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 14, p. 207‑262). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60162-0 Raaijmakers, J. G., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1981). Search of associative memory. Psychological Review, 88(2), 93‑134. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.88.2.93 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 Search for Associative Memory model SAM (Search for Associative Memory) est un modèle mathématique développé par Raaijmakers & Shiffrin (1980) et complété par Gillund et Shiffrin (1984), permettant de simuler le rappel et la reconnaissance en mémoire épisodique. SAM (Search for Associative Memory) is a mathematical model developed by Raaijmakers & Shiffrin (1980) and completed by Gillund and Shiffrin (1984), which is used to simulate recall and recognition in episodic memory. SAM model modèle SAM Frank Arnould Diana, R. A., Yonelinas, A. P., & Ranganath, C. (2007). Imaging recollection and familiarity in the medial temporal lobe: A three-component model. Trends in cognitive sciences, 11(9), 379–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2007.08.001 2018-03-05 2023-03-14 Binding items and contexts model ​Model of episodic memory according to which the hippocampus, the perirhinal cortex and the parahippocampal cortex are involved in recollection and familiarity processes during recognition tasks. The perirhinal cortex is engaged in encoding and retrieving items. It is involved in the process of familiarity. The parahippocampal cortex participates in encoding and retrieving the context. It is involved in recollection process. The hippocampus binds the item to its context and is involved in the recollection process. ​Modèle de la mémoire épisodique selon lequel l'hippocampe, le cortex périrhinal et le cortex parahippocampique seraient impliqués dans la recollection et la familiarité au cours de tâches de reconnaissance. Le cortex périrhinal interviendrait dans l'encodage et la récupération des items. Il serait impliqué dans le processus de familiarité. Le cortex parahippocampique interviendrait dans l'encodage et la récupération du contexte. Il serait impliqué dans le processus de recollection. L'hippocampe permettrait de lier l'item à son contexte et interviendrait dans le processus de recollection. BIC model modèle BIC Frank Arnould Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2021-06-07 Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (p. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 EVSD EVSD EVSDT EVSDT equal-variance signal detection model modèle de la détection du signal avec variance égale Modèle de la détection du signal de la reconnaissance quand la variabilité de la distribution des items cibles est identique à celle de la distribution des distracteurs. Signal detection model of recognition when the variability of the target items distribution is identical to that of the distractor distribution. equal-variance signal detection theory théorie de la détection du signal avec variance égale Frank Arnould Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Ratcliff, R., Sheu, C. F., & Gronlund, S. D. (1992). Testing global memory models using ROC curves. Psychological Review, 99(3), 518–535. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.99.3.518 2021-06-07 Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (p. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Wixted, J. T. (2007). Dual-process theory and signal-detection theory of recognition memory. Psychological Review, 114(1), 152‑176. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.1.152 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 UVSD UVSD UVSDT UVSDT modèle de la détection du signal avec variance inégale Modèle de la détection du signal de la reconnaissance quand la variabilité de la distribution des items cibles est plus grande que celle des distracteurs. Signal detection model of recognition when the variability of the distribution of target items is greater than that of the distractors. théorie de la détection du signal avec variance inégale unequal-variance signal detection theory 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould Dempsey, JulieL., & Pozzulo, JoannaD. (2013). Children’s identification accuracy of multiple perpetrators: Examining the simultaneous versus elimination line-up. Psychiatry, Psychology & Law, 20(3), 353–365. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2012.679124 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Humphries, J. E., Holliday, R. E., & Flowe, H. D. (2012). Faces in motion: Age-related changes in eyewitness identification performance in simultaneous, sequential, and elimination video lineups. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 26(1), 149–158. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1808 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Pozzulo, J. D., & Lindsay, R. C. L. (1999). Elimination lineups: An improved identification procedure for child eyewitnesses. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(2), 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.84.2.167 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Pozzulo, J. D., & Balfour, J. (2006). Children’s and adults’ eyewitness identification accuracy when a culprit changes his appearance: Comparing simultaneous and elimination lineup procedures. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 11(1), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.1348/135532505X52626 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Pozzulo, J. D., Dempsey, J., Corey, S., Girardi, A., Lawandi, A., & Aston, C. (2008). Can a lineup procedure designed for child witnesses work for adults? Comparing simultaneous, sequential, and elimination lineup procedures. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 38(9), 2195–2209. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2008.00387.x [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Pozzulo, J. D., Dempsey, J. L., & Gascoigne, E. (2009). Eyewitness accuracy when making multiple identifications using the elimination line-up. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 16(sup1), S101–S111. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218710802456025 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Pozzulo, J. D., Dempsey, J., & Crescini, C. (2009). Preschoolers’ person description and identification accuracy: A comparison of the simultaneous and elimination lineup procedures. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 30(6), 667–676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2009.01.004 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Pozzulo, JoannaD., Dempsey, JulieL., & Clarke, C. (2010). Can the elimination lineup procedure overcome lineup bias: Comparison of procedures. Psychiatry, Psychology & Law, 17(1), 32–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218710903433956 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Pozzulo, J. D., Dempsey, J., & Pettalia, J. (2013). The Z Generation: Examining Perpetrator Descriptions and Lineup Identification Procedures. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 28(1), 63–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-012-9107-5 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Pozzulo, J. D., Reed, J., Pettalia, J., & Dempsey, J. (2016). Simultaneous, Sequential, Elimination, and Wildcard: A Comparison of Lineup Procedures. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 31(1), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-015-9168-3 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-06-13 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human elimination police lineup parade d’identification par élimination A police lineup procedure originally designed for children, but also suitable for use with adolescents and adults. The witness first participates in a simultaneous lineup in which he or she is asked to select the individual who most resembles the perpetrator. The other members of the lineup are then discarded and the witness is asked to compare the selected suspect with his or her memory of the perpetrator and to indicate whether this person is the perpetrator. Procédure de tapissage de police conçue initialement pour les enfants, mais également utilisable avec des adolescents et des adultes. Le témoin oculaire participe d’abord à un tapissage simultané au cours duquel on lui demande de sélectionner l’individu qui ressemble le plus au coupable. Les autres membres du tapissage sont alors écartés et le témoin doit comparer le suspect sélectionné avec sa mémoire du coupable et indiquer si cet individu est bien le coupable. elimination lineups elimination police lineups parades d’identification par élimination tapissages par élimination elimination lineup tapissage par élimination Ayala, N. T., Smith, A., & Ying, R. C. (2022, September 27). The “Rule Out” Lineup: Increasing the Capacity for Police Investigators to Detect Suspect Innocence. https://osf.io/ksrp3 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould Ayala, N. T., Smith, A. M., & Ying, R. C. (2022). The rule-out procedure: Increasing the potential for police investigators to detect suspect innocence from eyewitness lineup procedures. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 11(4), 489–499. https://doi.org/10.1037/mac0000018 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Smith, A. M., Ayala, N. T., & Ying, R. C. (2023). The rule out procedure: A signal-detection-informed approach to the collection of eyewitness identification evidence. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 29(1), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000373 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-06-19 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human procédure de rejet A simultaneous lineup procedure in which the eyewitness makes an identification decision and rates his or her confidence in that decision. The lineup is then presented a second time and the eyewitness is asked to rate how confident he or she is that each person not initially identified is not the perpetrator (Ayala et al., 2022). Procédure de tapissage simultané au cours de laquelle le témoin oculaire effectue tout d’abord une identification et évalue son niveau de confiance dans sa décision. Puis, la parade lui est présentée une seconde fois et il doit évaluer, pour chaque personne qu’il n’a pas identifiée initialement, à quel point il est confiant qu’elle n’est pas la personne coupable (Ayala et al., 2022). procédure d’exclusion rule-out procedure Frank Arnould Dinges, D., & Whitehouse, W. (1985). A dual-probe recognition memory task for use during sustained operations. Behavior Research Methods, 17, 656–658. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03200978 2019-04-24 2023-03-28 dual-probe recognition paradigm dual-probe recognition procedure paradigme de reconnaissance avec double sonde ​ procedure de reconnaissance avec double sonde ​ The subject is presented with a series of items. The subject is then asked to decide whether a first item was part of the series or not, and then a second item. Une série d'items est présentée au sujet. Il doit ensuite décider si un premier item faisait partie ou non de la série, puis un second. dual-probe recognition task ​ tâche de reconnaissance avec double sonde ​ Frank Arnould Oberauer, K. (2003). Understanding serial position curves in short-term recognition and recall. Journal of Memory and Language, 49(4), 469–483. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-596X(03)00080-9 ​ 2018-09-10 2023-04-03 The task of recognizing an item as having been presented in a particular position in a list. Tâche consistant à reconnaitre un item comme ayant été présenté dans une position précise dans une liste. local recognition task tâche de reconnaissance locale Frank Arnould Stark, S. M., Kirwan, C. B., & Stark, C. E. L. (2019). Mnemonic similarity task : A tool for assessing hippocampal integrity. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 23(11), 938-951. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2019.08.003 2019-10-28 2023-03-15 Behavioral Pattern Separation Task tâche comportementale de séparation de pattern Recognition task used as a method for studying hippocampal pattern separation processes. Subjects encode a series of visual stimuli in an incidental manner. The items presented during the recognition test are of three types: 1) items identical to those presented during the encoding phase (old items); 2) completely new items; 3) visually similar items to encoded items. During the surprise recognition test, subjects are asked to indicate whether each item presented is old, new or similar. Tâche de reconnaissance utilisée comme méthode d’étude des processus hippocampiques de séparation de patterns. Les sujets encodent une série de stimuli visuels de manière incidente. Les items présentés pendant le test de reconnaissance sont de trois types : 1) des items identiques à ceux présentés pendant la phase d’encodage (items anciens) ; 2) des items totalement nouveaux ; 3) des items visuellement similaires à ceux qui ont été étudiés. Durant le test surprise de reconnaissance, les sujets doivent indiquer si chaque item présenté est ancien, nouveau ou similaire. mnemonic similarity task tâche de similarité mnémonique Frank Arnould Cleary, A. M., Otani, H., & Schwartz, B. L. (2019). Dependent measures in memory research: From free recall to recognition. In Handbook of research methods in human memory (pp. 19–35). Routledge. 2017-12-04 2022-03-16 paradigme de reconnaissance oui/non yes/no recognition paradigm Dans un test de reconnaissance oui/non, les items test sont présentés un par un. Le sujet doit indiquer pour chaque item s’il a été étudié antérieurement ou non. In a yes/no recognition test, test items are presented one by one and the subject has to decide if each item is old or new. tâche de reconnaissance oui/non yes/no recognition task Frank Arnould Sternberg, S. (1966). High-speed scanning in human memory. Science, 153(3736), 652-654. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.153.3736.652 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 Sternberg item recognition task Sternberg paradigm Sternberg's memory scanning paradigm memory scanning experiment memory scanning paradigm paradigme de Sternberg paradigme du balayage mnésique tâche de reconnaissance d'un item de Sternberg Experimental paradigm (Sternberg, 1966) to study retrieval processes in short-term memory. Paradigme expérimental proposé en 1966 par Saul Sternberg pour étudier les processus de récupération en mémoire à court terme. La tâche de Sternberg, dans sa forme originale, consiste à présenter au sujet des listes de 1 à 6 chiffres. À la fin de chaque liste, il doit décider si un chiffre sonde fait partie ou non de la liste mémorisée. Les résultats montrent que le temps de réaction augmente de façon linéaire en fonction du nombre d’items dans la liste et ce, que le chiffre sonde appartienne ou non à la liste. Selon Sternberg, ces résultats indiquent que la récupération en mémoire à court terme s’effectue au moyen d’un balayage (scanning) exhaustif du contenu de la mémoire au moyen d’un processus de comparaison sériel. The Sternberg task, in its original form, consists of presenting the subject with lists of 1 to 6 digits. At the end of each list, the subject is asked to decide whether or not a probe digit is part of the memorized list. The results show that reaction time increases linearly with the number of items in the list, regardless of whether the probe is in the list or not. According to Sternberg, these results indicate that short-term memory retrieval is achieved through an exhaustive scanning of the memory content by means of a serial comparison process. Sternberg task tâche de Sternberg Frank Arnould Yonelinas, A. P. (1997). Recognition memory ROCs for item and associative information : The contribution of recollection and familiarity. Memory & Cognition, 25(6), 747‑763. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211318 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 associative recognition paradigm associative recognition test paradigme de reconnaissance associative test de reconnaissance associative Les sujets mémorisent des paires de mots et sont ensuite invités à reconnaitre les paires de mots intactes parmi de paires de mots réarrangés. The subjects learn pairs of words and then are asked to recognize the intact word pairs among rearranged word pairs. associative recognition associative recognition tasks reconnaissance associative reconnaissances associatives associative recognition task tâche de reconnaissance associative Frank Arnould Oberauer, K. (2003). Understanding serial position curves in short-term recognition and recall. Journal of Memory and Language, 49(4), 469–483. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-596X(03)00080-9 ​ 2018-09-10 2023-04-03 The task of recognizing an item as having been presented in a particular list. Tâche consistant à reconnaitre un item comme ayant été présenté dans une liste particulière. global recognition task tâche de reconnaissance globale Frank Arnould Rovee, C. K., & Rovee, D. T. (1969). Conjugate reinforcement of infant exploratory behavior. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 8(1), 33-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0965(69)90025-3 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 An operant conditioning technique used to study memory development in infants aged 2-6 months. A ribbon is attached to one of the baby's ankles. The baby's kicks do not move a mobile placed above the cot (a phase to assess the basic level of foot movement). The other end of the ribbon is then attached in such a way that the child's kicks move the mobile (acquisition phase). After a retention interval, which the researcher can vary, the ribbon is again attached to the baby's ankle but the baby's kicks do not move the mobile (which can be the same as the one used during the acquisition phase or a different mobile). During this test, if the kicks are more numerous than the baseline kicks, the researcher infers that the baby has recognised the mobile. If there is no difference between these two phases, the mobile has not been recognised. Technique d’apprentissage opérant permettant d’étudier le développement de la mémoire chez les nourrissons âgés de 2 à 6 mois. Un ruban est attaché à l’une des chevilles du bébé. Ses coups de pied ne permettent pas de faire bouger un mobile placé au-dessus du berceau (phase permettant d’évaluer le niveau de base des mouvements du pied). L’autre extrémité du ruban est ensuite fixée de telle sorte que les coups de pied donnés par l’enfant font bouger le mobile (phase d’acquisition). Après un intervalle de rétention, que le chercheur peut faire varier, le ruban est de nouveau attaché à la cheville du bébé, mais ses coups de pied ne font pas bouger le mobile (qui peut être le même que celui utilisé pendant la phase d’acquisition ou bien un mobile différent). Si, pendant ce test, les coups de pied sont plus nombreux que les coups de pied du niveau de base, le chercheur infère que le bébé a reconnu le mobile. Si aucune différence n’est constatée entre ces deux phases, le mobile n’est pas reconnu. mobile conjugate reinforcement technique technique du renforcement conjugué Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-05-18 2AFC 2AFC 2AFC paradigm choix forcé à deux alternatives paradigme 2AFC paradigme du choix forcé à deux alternatives two-alternatives forced choice paradigm two-alternatives forced choice task Recognition task in which two items are presented and the subject is asked to indicate which one has been studied, even if he/she is not sure of the answer. Tâche de reconnaissance durant lequel deux items sont présentés et le sujet doit indiquer lequel a été étudié, même s'il n'est pas sûr de la réponse. procédure du choix forcé à deux alternatives two-alternatives forced choice procedure Frank Arnould Gathercole, S., & Pickering, S. (2001). Working memory deficits in children with special educational needs. British Journal of Special Education, 28(2), 89-97. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8527.00225 2017-12-04 2023-03-29 A span task in which increasing sequences of items are presented. After one series of items, another identical sequence is presented, or a sequence with an adjacent transposition in the order of two items. The subject is asked to indicate whether he or she recognizes the sequence that follows each series. Tâche d’empan dans laquelle des séquences croissantes d’items sont présentées. Après chaque série, une séquence identique est présentée ou une séquence comportant une transposition adjacente dans l’ordre de deux items. Le sujet doit indiquer s’il reconnait ou non la séquence qui suit chaque série. recognition span task tâche d'empan de reconnaissance Frank Arnould Shepard, R. N., & Teghtsoonian, M. (1961). Retention of information under conditions approaching a steady state. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62(3), 302-309. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0048606 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 A recognition task in which the subject is asked to decide on each trial whether the item presented is new or old. Tâche de reconnaissance durant laquelle le sujet doit décider, à chaque essai, si l'item qui lui est présenté est nouveau ou ancien. continuous recognition task tâche de reconnaissance continue Frank Arnould Dewhurst, S. A., & Anderson, S. J. (1999). Effects of exact and category repetition in true and false recognition memory. Memory & Cognition, 27(4), 665–673. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211560 2019-05-10 2023-03-27 category repetition procedure procédure de répétition d'une catégorie Des items appartenant à une catégorie sémantique (par exemple, la catégorie des fruits) sont présentés pendant la phase d'étude. La mémoire de reconnaissance des items est ensuite testée en présentant des items non étudiés appartenant à la même catégorie sémantique. Items belonging to a semantic category (e.g. fruits) are presented during the study phase. Non-studied items belonging to the same semantic category are then presented during the recognition test. category repetition paradigm ​ paradigme de répétition d’une catégorie ​ Frank Arnould 2021-06-10 2023-09-04 ADE DMS choix forcé delayed match-to-sample paradigm delayed match-to-sample procedure delayed match-to-sample task delayed-to-matching paradigm delayed-to-matching procedure delayed-to-matching task forced choice forced choice method forced choice recognition paradigm match-to-sample task méthode en choix forcé paradigm d’appariement différé paradigme de reconnaissance en choix forcé procedure d’appariement différé à l'échantillon tâche d'appariement à l'échantillon tâche d’appariement différé à l'échantillon Recognition task in which at least two stimuli are presented and the subject is asked to indicate which one has been studied, with the requirement to make a choice even if he/she does not know the answer. Tâche de reconnaissance durant laquelle au moins deux stimuli sont présentés et le sujet doit indiquer lequel a été étudié, avec obligation d’effectuer un choix, même s’il ne connait pas la réponse. appariement à l'échantillon delayed match to sample forced choiced recognition match to sample forced choice recognition task tâche de reconnaissance en choix forcé Frank Arnould Chubala, C. M., Neath, I., & Surprenant, A. M. (2019). A comparison of immediate serial recall and immediate serial recognition. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale, 73(1), 5–27. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000158 2017-12-04 2022-02-21 immediate serial recognition task matching span task paradigme de reconnaissance sérielle serial recognition paradigm tâche de reconnaissance sérielle immédiate Recognition task in which the subject has to recognize the order of items. Tâche de reconnaissance au cours de laquelle le sujet doit reconnaître l’ordre des items qui ont été étudiés. reconnaissance sérielle reconnaissances sérielles serial recognition serial recognition task tâche de reconnaissance sérielle Frank Arnould Hartshorn, K., & Rovee-Collier, C. (1997). Infant learning and long-term memory at 6 months: a confirming analysis. Developmental Psychobiology, 30(1), 71–85. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2302(199701)30:13.3.CO;2-7 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 Method for the study of episodic memory in infants aged 6 to 18 months. In the first phase of the task, the lever enabling babies to move a model train on a circular track is turned off. In the second phase, the lever is turned on, allowing infants to learn to move the train. In the third phase, the lever is switched off again. The train is considered to have been recognized when babies frequently activate the lever in the third phase as compared to the first. Méthode d'étude de la mémoire épisodique chez les nourrissons âgés de 6 à 18 mois. Dans la première phase de la tâche, le levier permettant aux bébés de faire avancer un train miniature sur une piste circulaire est désactivé. Dans la seconde phase, le levier est activé, ce qui permet aux nourrissons d'apprendre à faire avancer le train. Dans la troisième phase, le levier est de nouveau désactivé. Le train est considéré comme reconnu quand les bébés activent plus fréquemment le levier dans la troisième phase par rapport à la première. train task tâche du train Frank Arnould Dohm-Hansen, S., & Johansson, M. (2020). Mnemonic discrimination of object and context is differentially associated with mental health. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 107268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107268 2020-06-12 2023-03-23 MDOC task Method for the study of mnemonic discrimination. Subjects learn images in which an everyday object is placed against a background (the context). During the recognition phase, three types of images are presented: images identical to those studied, completely new images, and images similar but not identical to those studied. For each image, the subject is asked to indicate whether the object and the context are old, new or similar. Méthode d’étude de la discrimination mnémonique. Les sujets étudient des images dans lesquelles un objet de la vie quotidienne est placé sur un fond (le contexte). Pendant la phase de reconnaissance, trois types d’images sont présentées : des images identiques à celles qui ont été étudiées, des images totalement nouvelles et des images similaires, mais non identiques à celles qui ont été étudiées. Pour chaque image, le sujets doivent indiquer si l’objet et le contexte sont anciens, nouveaux ou similaires. mnemonic discrimination of object-in-context task tâche de discrimination mnémonique d’un objet en contexte Frank Arnould 2021-06-10 2023-09-04 DNMS delayed non-matching to sample paradigm delayed non-matching to sample procedure delayed nonmatch to sample task non-match to sample paradigm non-match to sample procedure non-match to sample task paradigm de non-appariement différé procédure de non-appariement différé A delayed recognition task in which at least two stimuli are presented. The subject is asked to choose the one that was not studied during the encoding phase. Tâche de reconnaissance différée durant laquelle au moins deux stimuli sont présentés. Le sujet doit choisir celui qui n’a pas été étudié pendant la phase d’encodage. delayed non-matching to sample task tâche de non-appariement différé Joykutty, Z. (2022, January 18). Mirror Effect in Recognition-Induced Forgetting. https://osf.io/46jky/ Joykutty, Z. (2022, January 18). Mirror Effect in Recognition-Induced Forgetting. https://osf.io/u7ev3/ Wu, X. (2021, March 5). Recognized Induced Forgetting with Sementic Closeness. https://osf.io/hyb5p/ Frank Arnould Rugo, K. F., Tamler, K. N., Woodman, G. F., & Maxcey, A. M. (2017). Recognition-induced forgetting of faces in visual long-term memory. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 79(7), 1878–1885. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1419-1 2017-12-05 2022-04-25 Forme d’oubli induit par la récupération. Le fait de reconnaitre un objet peut induire l’oubli des autres objets appartenant à la même catégorie. Type of retrieval-induced forgetting. Recognizing an object can lead to the forgetting of other objects belonging to the same category. oubli induit par la reconnaissance recognition-induced forgetting Frank Arnould Brainerd, C. J., Reyna, V. F., Wright, R., & Mojardin, A. H. (2003). Recollection rejection: False-memory editing in children and adults. Psychological Review, 110(4), 762–784. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.110.4.762 Cadavid, S., Beato, M. S., Suarez, M., & Albuquerque, P. B. (2021). Feelings of contrast at test reduce false memory in the deese/roediger-mcdermott paradigm. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 3937. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.686390 Clark, S. E. (1992). Word frequency effects in associative and item recognition. Memory & Cognition, 20(3), 231–243. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03199660 Gallo, D. A. (2004). Using recall to reduce false recognition: Diagnostic and disqualifying monitoring. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30(1), 120–128. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.1.120 Gallo, D. A., Bell, D. M., Beier, J. S., & Schacter, D. L. (2006). Two types of recollection-based monitoring in younger and older adults: Recall-to-reject and the distinctiveness heuristic. Memory, 14(6), 730–741. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210600648506 Moore, K. N., Lampinen, J. M., Bridges, A. J., & Gallo, D. A. (2020). Developmental trends in children’s use of different monitoring processes to avoid false memories. Cognitive Development, 55, 100911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2020.100911 Pierce, B. H., Waring, J. D., Schacter, D. L., & Budson, A. E. (2008). Effects of distinctive encoding on source-based false recognition: Further examination of recall-to-reject processes in aging and alzheimer disease. Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, 21(3), 179–186. https://doi.org/10.1097/WNN.0b013e31817d74e7 Rotello, C. M., & Heit, E. (1999). Two-process models of recognition memory: Evidence for recall-to-reject? Journal of Memory and Language, 40(3), 432–453. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1998.2623 Rotello, C. M., Macmillan, N. A., & Van Tassel, G. (2000). Recall-to-reject in recognition: Evidence from ROC curves. Journal of Memory and Language, 43(1), 67–88. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1999.2701 2022-03-15 2023-09-04 disqualifying recall-to-reject recollection rejection rejet de la recollection Memory monitoring process to avoid false memories in recognition tasks and "based on the recall of logically inconsistent information (which disqualifies the false event from having occurred)" (Gallo et al., 2006, p. 730). Processus de surveillance de la mémoire permettant d’éviter les faux souvenirs et « basé sur le rappel d'informations logiquement incohérentes (ce qui disqualifie l'événement faux d'avoir eu lieu) » (Gallo et al., 2006, p. 730). processus de rappel pour rejeter recall-to-reject process Davis, J. P., Bretfelean, D., Belanova, E., & Thompson, T. (2020, June 16). Super-recognition and long term memory. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/ZMCDH De Haas, B. (2021, January 19). What’s a Super-Recognizer? https://osf.io/3vmtk/ Dunn, J. D. (2020, October 28). Supplemental materials for UNSW Face Test: A screening tool for super-recognizers. https://osf.io/e4tyg/ Frank Arnould 2021-08-09 Dunn, J. D., Summersby, S., Towler, A., Davis, J. P., & White, D. (2020). UNSW Face Test: A screening tool for super-recognizers. PLOS ONE, 15(11), e0241747. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241747 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Ramon, M., Bobak, A. K., & White, D. (2019). Super-recognizers: From the lab to the world and back again. British Journal of Psychology, 110(3), 461–479. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12368 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Ramon, M. (2021). Super-Recognizers –a novel diagnostic framework, 70 cases, and guidelines for future work. Neuropsychologia, 158, 107809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107809 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Russell, R., Duchaine, B., & Nakayama, K. (2009). Super-recognizers: People with extraordinary face recognition ability. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 16, 252–257. https://doi.org/10.3758/PBR.16.2.252 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-04 super-recognition super-reconnaisseur A person with an exceptional ability to recognize faces. Personne dotée d’une capacité exceptionnelle à reconnaitre des visages. super-physionomiste super-physionomistes super-recognizers super-reconnaisseurs superphysionomistes superreconnaisseur superreconnaisseurs super–recogniser super–recognisers super-recognizer superphysionomiste Frank Arnould Richardson-Klavehn, A., & Bjork, R. A. (1988). Measures of memory. Annual review of psychology, 39(1), 475–543. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.39.020188.002355 2017-12-04 2022-03-31 On parle de mesure directe de la mémoire dès que la consigne du test exige que le sujet récupère un épisode spécifique de son passé localisé dans le temps et l'espace. Les tests directs de la mémoire sont les tâches de rappel et de reconnaissance et concernent la mémoire explicite. Test of memory in which the subject is required to retrieve a specific episode from his/her past localized in time and space. direct tests of memory tests directs de la mémoire direct test of memory test direct de la mémoire Frank Arnould Brown, M. W., & Aggleton, J. P. (2001). Recognition memory: what are the roles of the perirhinal cortex and hippocampus? Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2(1), 51–61. https://doi.org/10.1038/35049064 Suzuki, W. A., & Naya, Y. (2014). The perirhinal cortex. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 37(1), 39-53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-071013-014207 2017-12-04 2022-09-08 Brodmann area 35 aire 35 de Broadmann aire 35 périrhinale perirhinal area 35 Medial temporal lobe region involved in object recognition, familiarity judgments and associative memory. Région du lobe temporal médian impliquée dans la reconnaissance des objets, les jugements de familiarité et la mémoire associative.  cortex périrhinal perirhinal cortex Logan, G. D., Cox, G. E., Annis, J., & Lindsey, D. R. B. (2021, September 11). episodic flanker effect. https://osf.io/fzhq6/ Frank Arnould Eriksen, B. A., & Eriksen, C. W. (1974). Effects of noise letters upon the identification of a target letter in a nonsearch task. Perception & Psychophysics, 16(1), 143–149. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03203267 Logan, G. D., Cox, G. E., Annis, J., & Lindsey, D. R. B. (2021). The episodic flanker effect: Memory retrieval as attention turned inward. Psychological Review, 128(3), 397–445. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000272 2021-09-28 2023-09-04 episodic flanker paradigm paradigme du flanker épisodique tâche du flanker épisodique « La tâche de flanker épisodique vise à saisir la capacité des personnes à focaliser leur attention sur un élément en mémoire qui est intégré dans une structure plus large, comme un mot dans une phrase ou un chiffre dans une liste mémorisée. » (Logan et al., 2021, p. 401). “The episodic flanker task is intended to capture people’s ability to focus attention on an item in memory that is embedded in a larger structure, like a word in a sentence or a digit in a memory list.” (Logan et al., 2021, p. 401). La tâche est une adaptation de la tâche de flanker d’Eriksen (Eriksen & Ericksen, 1974). The task is an adaptation of the Eriksen flanker task (Eriksen & Ericksen, 1974). episodic flanker task tâche du distracteur épisodique Frank Arnould Hege, A. C. G., & Dodson, C. S. (2004). Why distinctive information reduces false memories: Evidence for both impoverished relational-encoding and distinctiveness heuristic accounts. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30(4), 787–795. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.4.787 Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory : How the mind forgets and remembers (2nd ed.). Houghton Mifflin. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2017-12-04 2023-03-19 "a rule of thumb that leads people to demand recollections of distinctive details of an experience before they are willing to say that they remember it." (Schacter, 2021). Règle selon laquelle les sujets s’attendent à récupérer des informations détaillées et distinctives d’une expérience passée avant de déclarer qu’ils s’en souviennent (d'après Schacter, 2021). distinctiveness heuristic heuristique de distinctivité Frank Arnould Anderson, B. A., Jacoby, L. L., Thomas, R. C., & Balota, D. A. (2011). The effects of age and divided attention on spontaneous recognition. Memory & Cognition, 39(4), 725–735. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-010-0046-z Bergström, Z. M., Williams, D. G., Bhula, M., & Sharma, D. (2016). Unintentional and intentional recognition rely on dissociable neurocognitive mechanisms. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 28(11), 1838–1848. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01010 2021-06-24 2023-09-04 Paradigm derived from the Stroop test “[…] to determine how the oldness of to-be-ignored items influenced recognition of target items.“ (Anderson et al., 2011, p. 732). Paradigme dérivé du test de Stroop pour « […] déterminer comment l’ancienneté des items à ignorer influence la reconnaissance des items cibles. » (Anderson et al., 2011, p. 732). La tâche de Stroop mnésique repose sur le principe suivant. Les participants étudient tout d'abord des séries d'images et de mots. Durant la phase de reconnaissance, des mots surimposés à des images leur sont présentés selon quatre combinaisons différentes : mots anciens (étudiés) sur des images anciennes ; mots anciens sur de nouvelles images (non étudiées) ; mots nouveaux sur des images anciennes ; mots nouveaux sur de nouvelles images. Leur tâche consiste à indiquer quels stimuli cibles (mots ou images) sont anciens. The Memory Stroop task is based on the following principle. Participants first study a series of images and words. During the recognition phase, they are presented with words superimposed on images in four combinations: old (studied) words on old images; old words on new (unstudied) images; new words on old images; new words on new images. Their task is to indicate which target stimuli (words or pictures) are old. memory Stroop paradigm paradigme de Stroop mnésique Frank Arnould Tulving, E. (1995). Organization of memory: Quo vadis? In M. S. Gazzaniga (Ed.), The Cognitive Neurosciences (p. 753-847). MIT Press. 2017-12-04 2022-03-07 Le modèle SPI (pour Sériel, Parallèle, Indépendant) de Tulving (1995) repose sur l'idée que la mémoire est composée de plusieurs systèmes organisés de façon hiérarchique. De plus, le modèle précise les relations fonctionnelles entre ces systèmes. 1. L'encodage est supposé être de nature sérielle, le codage dans un système est donc dépendant du codage réussi dans le système qui le précède (par exemple, le codage en mémoire épisodique dépend d'abord du codage en mémoire sémantique) ; 2. Les informations sont stockées de façon parallèle dans les différents systèmes ; 3. La récupération des informations dans un système est indépendante de la récupération dans les autres systèmes. The SPI model (for Serial, Parallel, Independent) is based on the idea that memory is composed of several hierarchically organized systems (Tulving, 1995). In addition, the model clarifies the functional relationships between these systems. 1. The encoding is assumed to be serial, coding in a system is dependent on the successful coding in the previous system; 2. The information is stored in parallel in the different systems; 3. The information retrieval in a system is independent of the retrieval in the other systems. SPI model modèle SPI Frank Arnould Gilmore, A. W., Nelson, S. M., & McDermott, K. B. (2015). A parietal memory network revealed by multiple MRI methods. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 19(9), 534-543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2015.07.004 2017-12-04 2020-11-02 Parietal brain network comprising the precuneus, the mid-cingular cortex and the posterior inferior parietal lobule/dorsal angular cortex. This network deactivates when a new stimulus is encountered and activates when a familiar stimulus is encountered. Réseau cérébral pariétal comprenant le précunéus, le cortex cingulaire moyen (mid-cingular cortex) et le lobule pariétal inférieur postérieur/gyrus angulaire dorsal. Ce réseau se désactiverait face à un stimulus nouveau et s'activerait face à un stimulus familier. parietal memory network réseau pariétal de la mémoire Bennett-Levy, J., & Powell, G. E. (1980). The Subjective Memory Questionnaire (SMQ). An investigation into the self-reporting of ‘real-life’ memory skills. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19(2), 177–188. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1980.tb00946.x Lucas, J. A., Telch, M. J., & Bigler, E. D. (1991). Memory functioning in panic disorder: A neuropsychological perspective. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 5(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/0887-6185(91)90013-J 2023-06-14 Frank Arnould 2023-06-14 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human SMQ SMQ SMQ-R SMQ-R Subjective Memory Questionnaire-Revised Questionnaire d’auto-évaluation des aptitudes mnésiques dans la vie quotidienne pour adultes. Self-report questionnaire for adults used to assess subjective memory skills in real-life situations. Questionnaire de mémoire subjectif Subjective Memory Questionnaire Frank Arnould Beaudoin, M., & Desrichard, O. (2011). Are memory self-efficacy and memory performance related? A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 137(2), 211–241. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022106.supp Gopi, Y., & Madan, C. R. (in press). Subjective memory measures: Metamemory questionnaires currently in use. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 17470218231183855. https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218231183855 Hertzog, C., Hultsch, D. F., & Dixon, R. A. (1989). Evidence for the convergent validity of two self-report metamemory questionnaires. Developmental Psychology, 25(5), 687-700. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.25.5.687 2017-12-04 2023-06-12 auto-efficacité mnésique efficacité personnelle mnésique Perception subjective de l'efficacité de sa mémoire dans des situations variées. Subjective perception of the efficacy of our own memory in various situations. memory self-efficacies sentiments d'efficacité mnésique memory self-efficacy sentiment d'efficacité mnésique Frank Arnould Kreutzer, M. A., Leonard, C., & Flavell, J. H. (1975). An interview study of children’s knowledge about memory. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 40 (Serial No. 159). 2017-12-04 2020-06-08 connaissances métamnésiques metamemory knowledge Connaissances verbalisables qu'une personne possède sur la mémoire en général et sur sa propre mémoire en particulier. Knowledge people can verbalize about memory in general and about their own memory in particular. declarative metamemory métamémoire déclarative Frank Arnould Barbeau, E. J., Ronat, L., & Didic, M. (2020). Études de cas et neuropsychologie de la mémoire : Et maintenant, c’est fini ? Revue de neuropsychologie, 12(1), 19‑25. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2020.0536 Eustache, F. (2014). Mémoire épisodique et mémoire sémantique: Du patient amnésique KC à la démence sémantique. Revue de neuropsychologie, 6(2), 87–89. Rosenbaum, R. S., Köhler, S., Schacter, D. L., Moscovitch, M., Westmacott, R., Black, S. E., Gao, F., & Tulving, E. (2005). The case of K.C.: Contributions of a memory-impaired person to memory theory. Neuropsychologia, 43(7), 989–1021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.10.007 Tulving, E. (1985). Memory and consciousness. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, 26(1), 1‑12. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0080017 Tulving, E., Schacter, D. L., McLachlan, D. R., & Moscovitch, M. (1988). Priming of semantic autobiographical knowledge: A case study of retrograde amnesia. Brain and Cognition, 8(1), 3–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-2626(88)90035-8 2021-08-23 2023-09-04 K.C. patient N.N. case N.N. patient cas N.N. patient K.C. patient N.N. A Canadian patient (Kent Cochrane — 1951-2014) who suffered from amnesia after a traumatic brain injury due to a traffic accident. He was investigated for over 20 years by memory researchers. Patient canadien (Kent Cochrane — 1951-2014) qui a souffert d'amnésie après une lésion cérébrale traumatique à la suite d'un accident de la route. Il fait l'objet d’études pendant plus de 20 ans de chercheurs sur la mémoire. KC case KC patient cas KC patient KC K.C. case cas K.C. Frank Arnould Levine, B., Black, S. E., Cabeza, R., Sinden, M., Mcintosh, A. R., Toth, J. P., … Stuss, D. T. (1998). Episodic memory and the self in a case of isolated retrograde amnesia. Brain, 121(10), 1951–1973. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/121.10.1951 2018-07-02 2023-04-03 cerebral uncinate fasciculus Faisceau de fibres nerveuses connectant le cortex préfrontal et le lobe temporal. Il serait impliqué dans la conscience autonoétique, la mémoire épisodique et autobiographique. Neural pathway connecting the prefrontal cortex and the temporal lobe, involved in autonoetic consciousness, episodic and autobiographical memory. faisceau unciné uncinate fasciculus Frank Arnould Brainerd, C. J., Payne, D. G., Wright, R., & Reyna, V. F. (2003). Phantom recall. Journal of Memory and Language, 48(3), 445–467. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00501-6 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 Recall task in which participants receive one of the following instructions: recalling the items that have been studied; recalling items that have not been studied, but consistent with the general meaning of the stored material; recalling the studied items and items that share the same general meaning. Épreuve de rappel au cours de laquelle les participants reçoivent l’une des instructions suivantes : rappeler les items qui ont été étudiés ; rappeler des items qui n’ont pas été étudiés, mais cohérents avec le sens général du matériel mémorisé ; rappeler les items étudiés et des items qui partagent le même sens général. Paradigme utilisé pour analyser les faux souvenirs, comme ceux produits dans la tâche DRM. conjoint recall paradigm paradigme de rappel conjoint Frank Arnould Kim, H. (2010). Dissociating the roles of the default-mode, dorsal, and ventral networks in episodic memory retrieval. NeuroImage, 50(4), 1648-1657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.01.051 Rugg, M. D., & Vilberg, K. L. (2013). Brain networks underlying episodic memory retrieval. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 23(2), 255-260. https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2012.11.005 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 general recollection network réseau général de la recollection A network of brain structures activated when the subject is able to recover recollective information associated with an episodic memory. This network includes the hippocampus, the left posterior parietal cortex, the medial prefrontal cortex, the parahippocampal cortex and the retrosplenial/posterior cingulate cortex. Réseau de structures cérébrales activé quand le sujet est capable de récupérer des informations recollectives associées à un souvenir épisodique. Ce réseau comprend l'hippocampe, le cortex pariétal gauche postérieur, le cortex préfrontal médian, le cortex parahippocampique et le cortex cingulaire rétrosplénial et postérieur. core recollection network réseau cœur de la recollection Frank Arnould Schooler, L. J., & Hertwig, R. (2005). How forgetting aids heuristic inference. Psychological Review, 112(3), 610‑628. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.112.3.610 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 Dans un test de reconnaissance, heuristique utilisée par les sujets basée sur la facilité et la rapidité avec laquelle des informations leur viennent à l'esprit et sont traitées pour évaluer leur familiarité. Ainsi, les items dont le traitement est jugé plus fluide ont plus de chance d'être déclarés « anciens » (familiers). In a recognition task, heuristics used by subjects based on the ease and speed with which information comes to mind and is processed to assess their familiarity. Items whose processing is judged to be more fluent are more likely to be declared as "old" (familiar). fluency heuristic heuristique de fluence Baillargeon, J., & Neault, S. (1989). Les modifications de la métamémoire reliées au vieillissement: Nouvelle évidence auprès d’un échantillon francophone. Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement, 8(4), 343–354. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980800008552 Boucheron, C. (1995). Version française du MIA (Metamemory in Adulthood). European Review of Applied Psychology / Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée, 45(3), 163–170. Dixon, R. A., Hultsch, D. F., & Hertzog, C. (1988). The Metamemory in Adulthood (MIA) questionnaire. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 24, 671–688. McDonough, I. M., McDougall, G. J., LaRocca, M., Dalmida, S. G., & Arheart, K. L. (2020). Refining the Metamemory in Adulthood Questionnaire: A 20-item version of change and capacity designed for research and clinical settings. Aging & Mental Health, 24(7), 1054–1063. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2019.1594160 2022-07-25 Frank Arnould 2023-06-11 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human MIA MIA A metamemory questionnaire for adults to assess their knowledge about memory in general and their own memory in particular: knowledge and use of memory strategies, knowledge of basic memory processes, beliefs about one's own memory abilities, perception of changes in one's memory abilities, relationships between anxiety and memory, motivations to succeed in memory tasks, and sense of control over one's memory skills. Questionnaire de métamémoire destiné aux adultes permettant d’évaluer leurs connaissances sur la mémoire en général et sur leur propre mémoire en particulier : connaissances et utilisations de stratégies mnésiques, connaissances des processus mnésiques fondamentaux, croyances sur ses propres capacités mnésiques, perception de changements dans ses capacités mnésiques, des relations entre anxiété et mémoire, de ses motivations à réussir des tâches mnésiques et du sens de contrôle sur ses habiletés mnésiques. Metamemory in Adulthood Metamemory in Adulthood Metamemory in Adulthood Questionnaire Questionnaire de métamémoire chez l’adulte Bobak, A. K., Mileva, V. R., & Hancock, P. J. B. (2018). Stirling Face Recognition Scale Dataset 2018 [Data set]. University of Stirling. Faculty of Natural Sciences. https://datastorre.stir.ac.uk/handle/11667/106 Bobak, A. K., Mileva, V. R., & Hancock, P. J. (2019). Facing the facts: Naive participants have only moderate insight into their face recognition and face perception abilities. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 72(4), 872–881. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021818776145 2022-07-25 Frank Arnould 2023-05-31 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human SFRS SFRS A scale in which respondents rate their ability to recognize faces. The questionnaire is intended for people with developmental prosopagnosia to super-recognizers. Échelle dans laquelle les répondants évaluent leur aptitude à reconnaître des visages. Le questionnaire est destiné aux personnes présentant une prosopagnosie développementale jusqu’aux superphysionomistes. Stirling Face Recognition Scale Échelle de reconnaissance des visages de Stirling Frank Arnould Humphreys, M. S., Bain, J. D., & Pike, R. (1989). Different ways to cue a coherent memory system: A theory for episodic, semantic, and procedural tasks. Psychological Review, 96(2), 208-233. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.96.2.208 2021-07-12 2023-09-04 « un modèle associatif distribué, [...] dans lequel les souvenirs sont encodés et stockés comme des patrons d'interconnexions entre les éléments qui définissent les items en mémoire. Plus précisément, les souvenirs sont des associations qui sont définies de manière unique par le produit matriciel des vecteurs d'items. La spécificité épisodique d'un souvenir est représentée par son association avec un indice contextuel, également défini par un produit matriciel. Tous les souvenirs sont superposés (sommés) dans cette représentation de sorte que, sans un indice approprié, leur identité individuelle est perdue. » (Humphreys et al. 1989, p. 209). “a distributed associative model, [...] in which memories are encoded and stored as patterns of interconnections between the elements that define items in memory. More specifically, memories are associations that are uniquely defined by the matrix product of the item vectors. The episodic specificity of a memory is conveyed by its association with a context cue, also defined by a matrix product. All memories are superimposed (summated) in this representation so that, without appropriate cuing, their individual identities are lost“ (Humphreys et al. 1989, p. 209). Matrix model modèle Matrix Frank Arnould Jones, M. N., & Mewhort, D. J. K. (2007). Representing word meaning and order information in a composite holographic lexicon. Psychological Review, 114(1), 1‑37. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.1.1 2020-10-26 2023-09-04 Bound Encoding of the Aggregate Language Environment model "[...] computational model that builds a semantic space representation of meaning and word order directly from statistical redundancies in language." (Jones & Mewhort, 2007, p. 5). « […] modèle computationnel qui construit, dans un espace sémantique, une représentation du sens et de l'ordre des mots, directement à partir des redondances statistiques du langage. » (Jones & Mewhort, 2007, p. 5). BEAGLE model modèle BEAGLE Frank Arnould Steyvers, M., & Tenenbaum, J. B. (2005). The large-scale structure of semantic networks: Statistical analyses and a model of semantic growth. Cognitive science, 29(1), 41–78. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog2901_3 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 A model of semantic memory in which concepts are organized in networks with the characteristics of a small world: first, there are clusters in which concepts are densely connected by semantic relations, and second, two concepts belonging to distant clusters can be connected by a short path of semantic relations, with some concepts in clusters playing the role of hubs. Modèle de la mémoire sémantique selon lequel les concepts sont organisés en réseaux ayant les caractéristiques d'un petit monde : d’une part, il existe des agrégats (clusters) dans lesquels les concepts sont densément interconnectés et d’autre part, deux concepts appartenant à des agrégats distants peuvent être connectés en parcourant un court chemin de relations sémantiques, grâce à certains concepts dans les agrégats qui jouent un rôle de concentrateurs (hubs). réseaux du petit monde small world network small world networks small-world networks réseau du petit monde small-world network Frank Arnould Raoux, N., Goff, M. L., & Auriacombe, S. (2010). Fluences verbales sémantiques et littérales: Normes en population générale chez des sujets âgés de 70 ans et plus issus de la cohorte PAQUID. revue neurologique, 166(6–7), 594–605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2010.01.012 Schmidt, C. S. M., Schumacher, L. V., Römer, P., Leonhart, R., Beume, L., Martin, M., Dressing, A., Weiller, C., & Kaller, C. P. (2017). Are semantic and phonological fluency based on the same or distinct sets of cognitive processes? Insights from factor analyses in healthy adults and stroke patients. Neuropsychologia, 99, 148–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.02.019 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 categorical verbal fluency task categorical verbal fluency test category fluency task category fluency test paradigme de fluence sémantique semantic fluency paradigm semantic fluency task tâche de fluence sémantique Le sujet est invité à générer, en un temps donné, le plus grand nombre de mots appartenant à une catégorie sémantique (par exemple, la catégorie des animaux). The subject is asked to generate the maximum number of words belonging to a semantic category (for example, the category of animals) in a given time. categorical verbal fluency tasks categorical verbal fluency tests category fluency testing semantic verbal fluency tests tests de fluence verbale sémantique semantic verbal fluency test test de fluence verbale sémantique Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 free association task tâche d'association libre Subjects are asked to generate the words that come to their minds in a given amount of time after the presentation of a cue word. Évocation du plus grand nombre possible de mots associés à un mot indice en un temps donné. free-association task free-association tasks tâches d'associations libres tâches d'associations verbales verbal association tasks tâche d'association verbale verbal association task Frank Arnould 2020-06-29 2022-04-01 catégorisation sémantique semantic categorization Le sujet doit décider de l'appartenance ou non à des catégories sémantiques (par exemple, la catégorie des fruits) des items qui lui sont présentés. The subject is asked to decide whether or not the items presented to him/her belong to semantic categories (for example, the category of fruits). semantic categorisation semantic categorisation tasks tâches de catégorisations sémantique semantic categorization task tâche de catégorisation sémantique Frank Arnould Menahem, R. (1968). Le différenciateur sémantique. L’Année Psychologique, 68(2), 451-465. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1968.27628 http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/psy_0003-5033_1968_num_68_2_27628 Osgood, C. E. (1952). The nature and measurement of meaning. Psychological Bulletin, 49(3), 197-237. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0055737 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 échelle sémantique différentielle Evaluation of the meaning of a concept using Likert scales with polar opposites (e.g. sad-happy, heavy-light, good-bad, difficult-easy). Évaluation de la signification d'un concept à l'aide d'échelles de Lickert comportant des pôles antonymes (par exemple, triste-gai, lourd-léger, bon-mauvais, difficile-facile). différenciateur sémantique semantic differential Frank Arnould Chaigneau, S. E., Canessa, E., Lenci, A., & Devereux, B. (2020). Eliciting semantic properties : Methods and applications. Cognitive Processing, 21(4), 583‑586. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10339-020-00999-z McRae, K., Cree, G. S., Seidenberg, M. S., & Mcnorgan, C. (2005). Semantic feature production norms for a large set of living and nonliving things. Behavior Research Methods, 37(4), 547‑559. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03192726 McRae, K., de Sa, V. R., & Seidenberg, M. S. (1997). On the nature and scope of featural representations of word meaning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 126(2), 99‑130. https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-3445.126.2.99 2020-09-06 2023-09-04 feature listing task feature production task property elicitation task property listing task Task consisting of asking participants to generate the properties of a concept. Tâche consistant à demander aux participants de générer les propriétés d’un concept. property generation task tâche de génération de propriétés Frank Arnould Kosslyn, S. M. (1975). Information representation in visual images. Cognitive Psychology, 7(3), 341–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(75)90015-8 Kosslyn, S.M. (1976). Can imagery be distinguished from other forms of internal representation? Evidence from studies of information retrieval times. Memory & Cognition, 4(3), 291–297. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03213178 2020-11-16 2023-09-04 feature verification task The task of asking the subject to judge whether a property (e.g., "has wings") belongs to a concept. Tâche consistant à demander au sujet de juger si une propriété (par exemple, « a des ailes ») appartient à un concept. property verification task tâche de vérification de propriétés Frank Arnould Taylor, K. I., Moss, H. E., & Tyler, L. K. (2007). The conceptual structure account: A cognitive model of semantic memory and its neural instantiation. In J. Hart & M. Kraut (Eds.), Neural basis of semantic memory (p. 265–301). Cambridge University Press. 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 A theory and connectionist model of how concepts are represented in semantic memory and processed according to the interaction between two statistical properties of their semantic features: distinctiveness (the degree to which a feature is shared with other concepts or can distinguish one concept from another) and correlation (the degree to which features co-occur). According to this view, living things are thought to have a large number of common features that are highly correlated. Inanimate objects have few semantic features, but these are more distinctive. Théorie et modèle connexionniste portant sur la manière dont les concepts sont représentés et traités en mémoire sémantique en fonction de l'interaction entre deux caractéristiques statistiques de leurs propriétés (ou traits) sémantiques : la distinctivité (degré avec lequel un trait est partagé avec d'autres concepts ou avec lequel il permet de distinguer un concept d'un autre) et la corrélation (degré de co-occurrence des traits). Selon ce point de vue, les êtres vivants (living things) disposeraient d’un grand nombre de traits partagés et fortement corrélés entre eux. Les objets inanimés posséderaient peu de traits sémantiques mais ceux-ci seraient plus distinctifs. conceptual structure account théorie des structures conceptuelles Frank Arnould Farah, M. J., & McClelland, J. L. (1991). A computational model of semantic memory impairment: modality specificity and emergent category specificity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 120(4), 339. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.120.4.339 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Theory postulating that concepts are organized in semantic memory according to their sensory or functional properties. The distinction between living things depends on their perceptual features while the distinction between nonliving things depends on their functional features. Théorie selon laquelle les concepts sont organisés en mémoire sémantique selon leurs propriétés sensorielles ou fonctionnelles. Ainsi, la distinction entre les êtres vivants (par exemple, les animaux) dépendrait de leurs traits perceptifs, alors que la distinction entre les objets inanimés (par exemple, les outils) dépendrait de leurs traits fonctionnels. sensory/functional theory théorie sensorielle/fonctionnelle Frank Arnould Squire, L. R. (1992). Declarative and nondeclarative memory: Multiple brain systems supporting learning and memory. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 4(3), 232–243. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1992.4.3.232 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 souvenir déclaratif Long-term memory system that stores "know that" information that can be verbalized, conscientiously accessed, and easily modified. Système de la mémoire à long terme conservant des informations du type « savoir que », verbalisables, accessibles à la conscience, facilement modifiables. declarative memories souvenirs déclaratifs declarative memory mémoire déclarative Frank Arnould Lieury, A. (1991). Mémoire et réussite scolaire. Dunod. 2017-12-04 2021-08-24 connaissances scolaires school knowledge Long-term memory of the specific vocabulary of school topics. Mémoire à long terme du vocabulaire spécifique des disciplines scolaires. encyclopedic memory mémoire encyclopédique Frank Arnould Dóczi, B. (2020). An overview of conceptual models and theories of lexical representation in the mental lexicon. In S. Webb (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of vocabulary studies (pp. 46–65). Routledge. 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Ensemble des connaissances phonologiques, orthographiques, sémantiques, syntaxiques et morphologiques sur les mots que possède un sujet et stocké en mémoire sémantique. Phonological, orthographic, semantic, syntactic and morphological knowledge of words stored in semantic memory. lexique mental mental lexicon Frank Arnould Kumar, A. A. (2021). Semantic memory : A review of methods, models, and current challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(1), 40‑80. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01792-x [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2017-12-04 2023-05-30 attribut attribute propriété sémantique semantic property seme sème Composant primitif de la signification d'un concept. Un concept est ainsi décrit par une liste de traits. Les traits sémantiques permettraient d'évaluer la similitude et la différence entre concepts. Primitive component of a concept's meaning. A concept is described by a list of features. Semantic features allow the assessment of similarity and difference between concepts. attributes attributs propriétés sémantiques semantic features semantic properties semes sèmes traits sémantiques semantic feature trait sémantique Conway, M. A. (1990). Associations between autobiographical memories and concepts. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(5), 799‑812. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.16.5.799 Mace, J. H., & Hidalgo, A. M. (2022). Semantic-to-autobiographical memory priming affects involuntary autobiographical memory production after a long delay. Consciousness and Cognition, 104, 103385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2022.103385 Mace, J. H., & Kruchten, E. A. (2023). Semantic-to-autobiographical memory priming causes involuntary autobiographical memory production: The effects of single and multiple prime presentations. Memory & Cognition, 51(1), 115–128. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-022-01342-x Mace, J. H., & Unlu, M. (2020). Semantic-to-autobiographical memory priming occurs across multiple sources: Implications for autobiographical remembering. Memory & Cognition, 48(6), 931–941. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01029-1 Mace, J. H., McQueen, M. L., Hayslett, K. E., Staley, B. J. A., & Welch, T. J. (2019). Semantic memories prime autobiographical memories: General implications and implications for everyday autobiographical remembering. Memory & Cognition, 47(2), 299–312. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0866-9 Mace, J. H., Ostermeier, K. L., & Zhu, J. (in press). Semantic-to-autobiographical memory priming is ubiquitous. Memory & Cognition. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-023-01430-6 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-07-27 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human A priming effect that occurs when the activation of a concept in semantic memory (e.g. the concept Garden) primes the voluntary or involuntary retrieval of associated autobiographical memories (personal memories related to Garden). Effet d'amorçage se manifestant quand l'activation d'un concept en mémoire sémantique (par exemple, le concept Jardin) amorce la récupération volontaire ou involontaire de souvenirs autobiographiques associés (souvenirs personnels liés à Jardin). effet d'amorçage mémoire sémantique vers mémoire autobiographique semantic-to-autobiographical memory priming effect Frank Arnould Abbott, J. T., Austerweil, J. L., & Griffiths, T. L. (2015). Random walks on semantic networks can resemble optimal foraging. Psychological Review, 122(3), 558‑569. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038693 Hills, T. T., Jones, M. N., & Todd, P. M. (2012). Optimal foraging in semantic memory. Psychological Review, 119(2), 431-440. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027373 Hills, T. T., Todd, P. M., & Jones, M. N. (2015). Foraging in semantic fields : How we search through memory. Topics in Cognitive Science, 7(3), 513‑534. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12151 2017-12-04 2022-04-07 fourragement mnésique Mode de recherche en mémoire sémantique « similaire à la recherche dans l'espace physique, impliquant un processus dynamique de médiation entre l'exploitation locale et l'exploration globale de groupements d'informations à la manière dont les animaux fourragent parmi les parcelles de nourriture dans leur environnement. » (Hills et al., 2012, p. 438). Search in semantic memory "similar to search in physical space, involving a dynamic process of mediating between local exploitation and global exploration of clusters of information in much the same way that animals forage among patches of food in their environment." (Hills et al., 2012, p. 438). fourrageage mnésique memory foraging Frank Arnould Semenza, C., & Zettin, M. (1989). Evidence from aphasia for the role of proper names as pure referring expressions. Nature, 342(6250), 678-679. https://doi.org/10.1038/342678a0 2021-12-03 2023-09-04 L.S. patient patient L.S. Patient, connu dans la littérature sous les initiales L.S., atteint d'anomie des noms propres de personnes, mais aussi de villes et de pays. Patient, known in the literature under the initials L.S., suffering from proper name anomia of persons and also of cities and countries. LS case LS patient cas LS patient LS L.S. case cas L.S. Frank Arnould Slotnick, S. D. (2017). Cognitive neuroscience of memory. Cambridge University Press. 2020-09-21 2023-09-04 DL-PFC DLPFC dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex cortex préfrontal dorsolatéral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Frank Arnould Conway, M. A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261–288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.261 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 Hierarchical structure of autobiographical knowledge at different levels of specificity, from the most general to the most specific (life periods, general events, event-specific knowledge). Structure hiérarchique des connaissances autobiographiques, à différents niveaux de spécificité, des plus générales aux plus spécifiques (périodes de vie, évènement généraux, connaissances spécifiques d’évènements). autobiographical knowledge base base de connaissances autobiographiques Frank Arnould Wertsch, J. V. (2008). Collective memory and narrative templates. Social Research, 75(1), 133–156. 2020-07-06 2022-01-11 En mémoire collective, « structures généralisées utilisées pour générer plusieurs récits spécifiques avec la même trame de base » (Wertsch, 2008, p. 140). In collective memory, "generalized structures used to generate multiple specific narratives with the same basic plot" (Wertsch, 2008, p. 140). schematic narrative templates structures narratives schématiques schematic narrative template structure narrative schématique Frank Arnould Andreasen, N. C., O’Leary, D. S., Paradiso, S., Cizadlo, T., Arndt, S., Watkins, G. L., Boles Ponto, L. L., & Hichwa, R. D. (1999). The cerebellum plays a role in conscious episodic memory retrieval. Human Brain Mapping, 8(4), 226–234. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1999)8:4<226::AID-HBM6>3.0.CO;2-4 Houdé, O., Mazoyer, B., & Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2010). Cerveau et psychologie (1ʳᵉ éd.). Presses Universitaires de France. Vecchi, T., & Gatti, D. (2020). Memory as prediction : From looking back to looking forward. The MIT Press. 2020-06-23 2023-04-30 "The cerebellum is an organ located in the posterior and inferior part of the encephalon, at the back of the brainstem through which it is connected to the brain." (Houdé et al., 2002, p. 137). « Le cervelet est un organe situé à la partie postérieure et inférieure de l’encéphale, à l’arrière du tronc cérébral par lequel il est relié au cerveau. » (Houdé et al., 2002, p. 137). cerebellum cervelet Frank Arnould Marr, D., & Brindley, G. S. (1971). Simple memory: A theory for archicortex. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences, 262(841), 23–81. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1971.0078 McClelland, J. L., McNaughton, B. L., & O’Reilly, R. C. (1995). Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: Insights from the successes and failures of connectionist models of learning and memory. Psychological Review, 102(3), 419–457. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.102.3.419 Squire, L. R., & Alvarez, P. (1995). Retrograde amnesia and memory consolidation: A neurobiological perspective. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 5(2), 169–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/0959-4388(95)80023-9 2020-11-05 2023-09-04 modèle standard de la consolidation standard model of consolidation Model of systems consolidation. The function of the hippocampus is to bind the different aspects of a recent memory stored in different sites of the neocortex. Over time, the role of the hippocampus diminishes and the connections are stabilized in the neocortex. This model considers episodic memory and semantic memory in a similar way. Selon ce modèle, l’hippocampe a pour fonction de lier les différents aspects d’un souvenir récent qui sont stockés dans différents sites du néocortex. Avec le temps, le rôle de l’hippocampe s’estompe et les liaisons sont stabilisées dans le néocortex. Ce modèle considère de manière similaire la mémoire épisodique et la mémoire sémantique. standard theory of consolidation théorie standard de la consolidation Frank Arnould Quiroga, R. Q. (2012). Concept cells : The building blocks of declarative memory functions. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 13(8), 587‑597. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3251 Quiroga, R. Q. (2020). No pattern separation in the human hippocampus. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 24(12), 994-1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2020.09.012 Quiroga, R. Q., Reddy, L., Kreiman, G., Koch, C., & Fried, I. (2005). Invariant visual representation by single neurons in the human brain. Nature, 435(7045), 1102‑1107. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03687 2020-11-10 2023-09-04 Jennifer Aniston neuron grandmother cell neurone de Jennifer Aniston neurone grand-mère "neurons in the human MTL [medial temporal lobe] that respond to specific concepts, such as a familiar person." (Quian Quiroga, 2020, p. 995). « neurones du lobe temporal médian humain qui répondent à des concepts spécifiques, comme une personne familière. » (Quian Quiroga, 2020, p. 995). Jennifer Aniston neurons cellules de concept concept cells grandmother cells neurones de Jennifer Aniston neurones grand-mère cellule de concept concept cell Frank Arnould Cermak, L. S., & O’Connor, M. (1983). The anterograde and retrograde retrieval ability of a patient with amnesia due to encephalitis. Neuropsychologia, 21(3), 213–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(83)90039-8 Grilli, M. D., & Verfaellie, M. (2014). Personal semantic memory: Insights from neuropsychological research on amnesia. Neuropsychologia, 61, 56–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.06.012 Grilli, M. D., Bercel, J. J., Wank, A. A., & Rapcsak, S. Z. (2018). The contribution of the left anterior ventrolateral temporal lobe to the retrieval of personal semantics. Neuropsychologia, 117, 178‑187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.06.002 Kopelman, M. D., Wilson, B. A., & Baddeley, A. D. (1989). The autobiographical memory interview: A new assessment of autobiographical and personal semantic memory in amnesic patients. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 11(5), 724–744. https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638908400928 Renoult, L., Armson, M. J., Diamond, N. B., Fan, C. L., Jeyakumar, N., Levesque, L., Oliva, L., McKinnon, M., Papadopoulos, A., Selarka, D., St Jacques, P. L., & Levine, B. (2020). Classification of general and personal semantic details in the Autobiographical Interview. Neuropsychologia, 144, 107501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107501 Renoult, L., Davidson, P. S. R., Palombo, D. J., Moscovitch, M., & Levine, B. (2012). Personal semantics : At the crossroads of semantic and episodic memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16(11), 550–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2012.09.003 Renoult, L., Tanguay, A., Beaudry, M., Tavakoli, P., Rabipour, S., Campbell, K., Moscovitch, M., Levine, B., & Davidson, P. S. R. (2016). Personal semantics : Is it distinct from episodic and semantic memory? An electrophysiological study of memory for autobiographical facts and repeated events in honor of Shlomo Bentin. Neuropsychologia, 83, 242‑256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.08.013 2017-12-04 2022-05-05 Louis Renoult autobiographical fact connaissances sémantiques de soi fait autobiographique mémoire sémantique personnelle personal semantic memory semantic self-knowledge souvenir sémantique personnel Connaissances que possède une personne sur son passé (personnalité, faits autobiographiques, connaissances d’évènements répétés, concepts autobiographiquement significatifs). Knowledge that a person possesses about his or her past (personality, autobiographical facts, knowledge of repeated events, autobiographically significant concepts). autobiographical facts faits autobiographiques personal semantic memories souvenirs sémantiques personnels personal semantics sémantique personnelle Moscovitch, M., Cabeza, R., Winocur, G., & Nadel, L. (2016). Episodic memory and beyond: The hippocampus and neocortex in transformation. Annual Review of Psychology, 67, 105–134. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143733 Sekeres, M. J., Winocur, G., & Moscovitch, M. (2018). The hippocampus and related neocortical structures in memory transformation. Neuroscience Letters, 680, 39‑53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2018.05.006 Winocur, G., & Moscovitch, M. (2011). Memory transformation and systems consolidation. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 17(05), 766‑780. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617711000683 Winocur, G., Moscovitch, M., & Bontempi, B. (2010). Memory formation and long-term retention in humans and animals : Convergence towards a transformation account of hippocampal–neocortical interactions. Neuropsychologia, 48(8), 2339‑2356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.04.016 2021-01-20 2023-09-04 TTT TTT La théorie de la transformation des traces (TTT) « postule qu'avec l'âge et l'expérience, les souvenirs détaillés et épisodiques (spécifiques au contexte) sont transformés en variantes de l'original, qui perdent en détail et en spécificité contextuelle, mais conservent les traits essentiels et schématiques [...]. Durant le processus, ces souvenirs transformés en viennent à être représentés dans des réseaux néocorticaux distribués d'où ils peuvent être récupérés sans l'intervention de l'hippocampe. Comme la MTT [Multiple Trace Theory, NDT], la TTT soutient que les souvenirs détaillés épisodiques ou spécifiques au contexte dépendent toujours de l'hippocampe. » (Sekeres et al., 2018, p. 42). Trace Transformation Theory (TTT) "postulates that, with age and experience, detailed, episodic (context-specific) memories are transformed into variants of the original, which lack detail and context specificity, but retain gist and schematic features [...]. In the process, these transformed memories come to be represented in distributed neocortical networks from where they can be recovered without the involvement of the hippocampus. Like MTT [Multiple Trace Theory], TTT maintains that detailed episodic or context-specific memories are always dependent on the hippocampus." (Sekeres et al., 2018, p. 42). théorie de la transformation des traces trace transformation theory Frank Arnould Renoult, L., Davidson, P. S. R., Palombo, D. J., Moscovitch, M., & Levine, B. (2012). Personal semantics : At the crossroads of semantic and episodic memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16(11), 550–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2012.09.003 Renoult, L., Davidson, P. S. R., Schmitz, E., Park, L., Campbell, K., Moscovitch, M., & Levine, B. (2015). Autobiographically significant concepts : More episodic than semantic in nature? An electrophysiological investigation of overlapping types of memory. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 27(1), 57‑72. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00689 Westmacott, R., & Moscovitch, M. (2003). The contribution of autobiographical significance to semantic memory. Memory & Cognition, 31(5), 761‑774. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196114 2020-10-27 2023-09-04 "[...] semantic concepts that are associated with vivid episodic memories." (Renoult et al., 2012, p. 553). « […] concepts sémantiques qui sont associés à des souvenirs épisodiques vivaces. » (Renoult et al., 2012, p. 553). autobiographically significant concepts concepts autobiographiquements significatifs autobiographically significant concept concept autobiographiquement significatif Frank Arnould Alter, A. L., & Oppenheimer, D. M. (2009). Uniting the tribes of fluency to form a metacognitive nation. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 13(3), 219–235. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868309341564 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 fluence sémantique semantic fluency Judgment of the ease with which the conceptual processing of items is performed. Jugement de la facilité avec laquelle s'effectue le traitement conceptuel d'items. conceptual fluency fluence conceptuelle Frank Arnould Haarmann, H. J., Davelaar, E. J., & Usher, M. (2003). Individual differences in semantic short-term memory capacity and reading comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language, 48(2), 320-345. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00506-5 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Method developed by Haarmann et al. (2003) to assess the capacity of semantic short-term memory. The subject is presented with lists of nine words belonging to three different semantic categories. For each list, the subject is asked to remember the words belonging to one of the categories. For example, if the list is made up of the words lamp, pear, tiger, apple, grape, elephant, horse, fax, telephone, he/she is asked to recall the words of the FRUIT category. Several trials are performed and the conceptual span is the number of words recalled across all trials. Méthode mise au point par Haarmann et al. (2003) pour évaluer la capacité de la mémoire à court terme sémantique. On présente au sujet des listes de neuf mots appartenant à trois catégories sémantiques différentes. Pour chaque liste, le sujet doit rappeler les mots appartenant à l'une des catégories. Par exemple, si la liste est constituée des mots lampe, poire, tigre, pomme, raisin, éléphant, cheval, fax, téléphone, on demande au sujet de rappeler les mots de la catégorie FRUITS. Plusieurs essais sont effectués et l'empan conceptuel correspond au nombre de mots rappelés sur l'ensemble des essais. conceptual span task tâche d'empan conceptuel Frank Arnould Potter, M. C. (1976). Short-term conceptual memory for pictures. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Learning and Memory, 2(5), 509–522. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.2.5.509 Potter, M. C. (1993). Very short-term conceptual memory. Memory & Cognition, 21(2), 156–161. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202727 Shevlin, H. (2017). Conceptual short-term memory: A missing part of the mind? Journal of Consciousness Studies, 24(7–8), 163–188. 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 mémoire conceptuelle à très court terme mémoire sémantique à court terme short-term semantic memory very short-term conceptual memory Forme de mémoire à court terme stockant temporairement les stimuli en cours de traitement avec leurs représentations conceptuelles stockées en mémoire à long terme et activées très rapidement. Short-term memory temporarily storing the stimuli being processed with their conceptual representations stored in long-term memory and activated very quickly. conceptual short-term memory mémoire conceptuelle à court terme Frank Arnould Collins, A. M., & Loftus, E. F. (1975). A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing. Psychological Review, 82(6), 407–428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.82.6.407 Denhière, G., & Kekenbosch, C. (1988). L’activation et la diffusion de l’activation. L’Année Psychologique, 88(2), 237-256. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1988.29268 http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/psy_0003-5033_1988_num_88_2_29268 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 diffusion de l'activation Dans un réseau sémantique, processus par lequel est diffusée l'activation d'un concept aux concepts associés. In a semantic network, a process that spread the activation of a concept to related concepts. propagation de l'activation spreading activation Frank Arnould Baddeley, A., Vargha-Khadem, F., & Mishkin, M. (2001). Preserved recognition in a case of developmental amnesia: implications for the acquisition of semantic memory? Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 13(3), 357–369. https://doi.org/10.1162/08989290151137403 Isaacs, E. B., Vargha-Khadem, F., Watkins, K. E., Lucas, A., Mishkin, M., & Gadian, D. G. (2003). Developmental amnesia and its relationship to degree of hippocampal atrophy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100(22), 13060–13063. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1233825100 Picard, L. (2017). Vingt ans d’amnésie développementale : quoi de neuf ? Revue de neuropsychologie, 9(4), 229–235. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2017.0435 Piolino, P., Bulteau, C., & Jambaqué, I. (2020). Memory dysfunctions. In A. Gallagher, C. Bulteau, D. Cohen, & J. L. Michaud (Eds.), Handbook of Clinical Neurology (Vol. 174, p. 93‑110). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-64148-9.00008-9 Vargha-Khadem, F., & Cacucci, F. (2021). A brief history of developmental amnesia. Neuropsychologia, 150, 107689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107689 Vargha-Khadem, F., Gadian, D. G., Watkins, K. E., Connelly, A., Paesschen, W. V., & Mishkin, M. (1997). Differential effects of early hippocampal pathology on episodic and semantic memory. Science, 277(5324), 376–380. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.277.5324.376 Vargha-Khadem, F., Salmond, C. H., Watkins, K. E., Friston, K. J., Gadian, D. G., & Mishkin, M. (2003). Developmental amnesia: Effect of age at injury. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100(17), 10055–10060. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1233756100 2017-12-04 2022-03-08 syndrome amnésique de l’enfant Amnesic syndrome occurring in children. Episodic memory is impaired while semantic memory is relatively preserved. Atrophy of the hippocampus is commonly seen in these patients, often secondary to brain hypoxia. Syndrome amnésique apparaissant chez l’enfant. La mémoire épisodique est atteinte alors que la mémoire sémantique est relativement préservée. Une atrophie de l’hippocampe est couramment observée chez ces patients, souvent consécutive à une hypoxie du cerveau. amnésies développementales developmental amnesias syndrome amnésique chez l'enfant syndrome amnésique chez les enfants syndromes amnésiques chez les enfants syndromes amnésiques de l'enfant amnésie développementale developmental amnesia Frank Arnould Arts, N., Walvoort, S., & Kessels, R. (2017). Korsakoff’s syndrome: a critical review. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Volume 13, 2875–2890. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S130078 Haj, M. E. (2021). Autobiographical memory in Korsakoff syndrome: A review. L’Encéphale, 47(4), 356-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2020.11.013 Korsakoff, S. (1889). Étude médico-psychologique sur une forme des maladies de la mémoire. Revue Philosophique de la France et de l’Étranger, 28, 501-530. 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome syndrome de Wernicke-Korsakoff Korsakoff's syndrome (Korsakoff, 1889) is a type of amnestic syndrome with diencephalic lesions. In addition to anterograde and retrograde amnesia, with preservation of the earliest memories, patients with Korsakoff's syndrome also exhibit with confabulations, false recognition of persons, spatio-temporal disorientation, anosognosia of memory disorders, disorders of executive functions. The most common etiology of Korsakoff's syndrome is chronic alcoholism leading to vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency. Le syndrome de Korsakoff (Korsakoff, 1889) est un type de syndrome amnésique lié à des lésions diencéphaliques. Outre une amnésie antérograde et une amnésie rétrograde avec conservation des souvenirs les plus anciens, les patients atteints du syndrome de Korsakoff présentent également des fabulations, de fausses reconnaissances de personnes, une désorientation spatio-temporelle, une anosognosie des troubles de la mémoire, des troubles des fonctions exécutives. L'étiologie la plus courante du syndrome de Korsakoff est l'alcoolisme chronique entrainant une carence en vitamine B1 (thiamine). Korsakoff syndrome syndrome de Korsakoff Frank Arnould Larner, A. J. (2022). Transient global amnesia: Model, mechanism, hypothesis. Cortex, 149, 137–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2022.01.011 Quinette, P., Noël, A., Desgranges, B., Sayette, V. de la, Viader, F., & Eustache, F. (2009). Les questions de l’ictus amnésique idiopathique. Revue de neuropsychologie, 1(2), 170–174. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.012.0170 Sandikci, V., Ebert, A., Hoyer, C., Platten, M., & Szabo, K. (2022). Impaired semantic memory during acute transient global amnesia. Journal of Neuropsychology, 16(1), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.12251 Spiegel, D. R., Smith, J., Wade, R. R., Cherukuru, N., Ursani, A., Dobruskina, Y., Crist, T., Busch, R. F., Dhanani, R. M., & Dreyer, N. (2017). Transient global amnesia : Current perspectives. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Volume 13, 2691‑2703. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S130710 Viader, F., Quinette, P., & Cogez, J. (2021). Les amnésies transitoires. Bulletin de l’Académie Nationale de Médecine, 205(2), 139‑148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.banm.2020.12.019 2017-12-04 2023-08-22 TGA ictus amnésique "a relatively stereotyped episode characterised by an abrupt and self-limited disruption in anterograde memory, with concurrent retrograde amnesia of variable extent, but without loss of self-awareness, or clouding of consciousness, or other focal neurological deficit." (Larner, 2022, p. 138). « […] syndrome amnésique dont la sémiologie est remarquablement stéréotypée : il se caractérise par la survenue brutale, le plus souvent après la soixantaine, d’une amnésie antérograde massive et d’une amnésie rétrograde plus variable en étendue, sans trouble identitaire. Le tableau clinique associe une désorientation temporelle et presque systématiquement des questions itératives. Aucun autre trouble neurologique n’est détecté. L’amnésie est transitoire, et la résolution progressive de l’épisode a lieu, en moyenne, quatre à six heures plus tard. Il persiste une amnésie lacunaire portant sur toute la durée de l’épisode et sur la période qui l’a immédiatement précédée. » (Quinette et al., 2009, p. 171). amnésies globales transitoires ictus amnésiques transient global amnesias amnésie globale transitoire transient global amnesia Frank Arnould Tippett, L. J., Miller, L. A., & Farah, M. J. (2000). Prosopamnesia: A selective impairment in face learning. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 17(1-3), 241-255. https://doi.org/10.1080/026432900380599 2017-12-04 2022-03-08 Difficulty to learn new faces after a brain injury. Difficulté à apprendre de nouveaux visages depuis l'apparition de la lésion cérébrale. prosopamnesias prosopamnésies prosopamnesia prosopamnésie Frank Arnould Lepage, M., Habib, R., & Tulving, E. (1998). Hippocampal PET activations of memory encoding and retrieval : The HIPER model. Hippocampus, 8(4), 313‑322. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-1063(1998)8:4%3C313::aid-hipo1%3E3.0.co;2-i 2020-10-27 2023-09-04 HIPER HIPER Hippocampal Encoding/Retrieval model Model according to which "encoding activations are found predominantly in the rostral hippocampal regions whereas retrieval activations occur predominantly in caudal regions." (Lepage et al., 1998, p. 318). Modèle selon lequel « les activations pendant l’encodage se trouvent principalement dans les régions hippocampiques rostrales alors que les activations pendant la récupération se produisent principalement dans les régions caudales. » (Lepage et al., 1998, p. 318). HIPER model modèle HIPER Frank Arnould Blanchet, S., Bernard, F., Desgranges, B., Eustache, F., Faure, S. (2002). Mémoire épisodique et asymétries hémisphériques. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 12, 319-344. Tulving, E., Kapur, S., Craik, F. I., Moscovitch, M., & Houle, S. (1994). Hemispheric encoding/retrieval asymmetry in episodic memory : Positron emission tomography findings. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 91(6), 2016‑2020. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.6.2016 2017-12-04 2022-03-30 Le modèle HERA (Hemispheric Encoding/Retrieval Asymmetry) a été proposé par le psychologue Tulving et collaborateurs (1994) pour rendre compte des résultats suivants : en mémoire épisodique, le cortex préfrontal gauche est impliqué dans les opérations d'encodage alors que le cortex préfrontal droit est impliqué dans les opérations de récupération. The HERA model (Hemispheric Encoding / Retrieval Asymmetry) was proposed by Tulving and collaborators (1994) to account for the following results: in episodic memory, the left prefrontal cortex is involved in encoding operations while the right prefrontal cortex is involved in retrieval operations. HERA model modèle HERA Frank Arnould Bartlett, F.C. (1920). Some experiments on the reproduction of folk stories, Folk-Lore, 31, 30-47. http://www.bartlett.psychol.cam.ac.uk/SomeExperimentsOn.htm Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge University Press. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Kirkpatrick, C. (1932). A tentative study in experimental social psychology. American Journal of Sociology, 38(2), 194-206. Ost, J., Udell, J., Dear, S., Zinken, J., Blank, H., & Costall, A. (2022). The serial reproduction of an urban myth: Revisiting Bartlett’s schema theory. Memory, 30(6), 775–783. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2059514 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 A method of studying memory in which participants are asked to transmit information from one to the other (the first person's recall of the information becomes the second person's study material and so on). Méthode d'étude de la mémoire consistant à demander aux participants de se transmettre une information de l'un à l'autre (le rappel de l'information par la première personne devient le matériel d'étude de la seconde personne et ainsi de suite). serial reproduction task tâche de reproduction sérielle Frank Arnould Adam, S. (2003). Nouvelles techniques d'évaluation de la mémoire : procédure de dissociation des processus et paradigme R/K. In Meulemans, T., Desgranges, B., Adam, S., Eustache, F. (Eds.), Evaluation et prise en charge des troubles mnésiques. Solal. Jacoby, L. L. (1991). A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional uses of memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 30(5), 513–541. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(91)90025-F Nicolas, S. (2000a). La dissociation automatique vs. contrôlée en rappel : application de la PDP de Jacoby (1991, 1998). Revue de Neuropsychologie, 10(1), 97-128. 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 process dissociation process-dissociation approach A procedure developed by Jacoby and collaborators in order to highlight the role of unconscious (automatic) and conscious (controlled) processes in the same memory task. Procédure mise au point par Jacoby et collaborateurs afin de mettre en évidence le rôle des processus inconscients (automatiques) et conscients (contrôlés) dans une même tâche de mémoire. process-dissociation process-dissociation procedure process dissociation procedure procédure de dissociation des processus Frank Arnould Genugten, R. van, & Schacter, D. L. (2022). [Preprint]. Automated scoring of the autobiographical interview with natural language processing. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/nyurm Levine, B., Svoboda, E., Hay, J. F., Winocur, G., & Moscovitch, M. (2002). Aging and autobiographical memory : Dissociating episodic from semantic retrieval. Psychology and Aging, 17(4), 677‑689. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.17.4.677 Lockrow, A. W., Setton, R., Spreng, K. A. P., Sheldon, S., Turner, G. R., & Spreng, R. N. (in press). Taking stock of the past: A psychometric evaluation of the Autobiographical Interview. Behavior Research Methods. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-023-02080-x Simpson, S., Eskandaripour, M., & Levine, B. (in press). Effects of healthy and neuropathological aging on autobiographical memory: A meta-analysis of studies using the Autobiographical Interview. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, gbad077. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbad077 2020-10-20 2023-09-04 interview autobiographique Entretien pour évaluer les aspects épisodiques et sémantiques des souvenirs autobiographiques. Interview to assess episodic and semantic aspects of autobiographical memories. Autobiographical Interview entretien autobiographique Frank Arnould Jang, Y., & Huber, D. E. (2008). Context retrieval and context change in free recall : Recalling from long-term memory drives list isolation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 34(1), 112‑127. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.34.1.112 Laming, D. (2012). Recalling the list-before-last : A cautionary tale. Mathématiques et sciences humaines, 199, 61‑69. https://doi.org/10.4000/msh.12289 Shiffrin, R. M. (1970). Forgetting; Trace erosion or retrieval failure? Science, 168(3939), 1601–1603. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.168.3939.1601 2017-12-04 2022-05-18 list-before-last paradigm paradigme de la liste précédente Les sujets étudient des listes de 5 ou 20 mots. Après chaque liste (sauf pour la première liste), ils doivent rappeler les mots de la liste précédente (par exemple, après l'étude de la liste 3, rappel de la liste 2). Subjects studied lists of 5 or 20 words. After each list (except for the first list), they are asked to remember the words of the previous list (for example, after studying list 3, recall of list 2). list-before-the-last paradigm one-list-back paradigm paradigme de l'avant-dernière liste Frank Arnould Slotnick, S. D. (2017). Cognitive neuroscience of memory. Cambridge University Press. 2022-06-09 2023-09-04 MEG MEG magnetoencephalogram magnétoencéphalogramme "any measure of brain activity that corresponds to magnetic fields and typically refers to brain activity that oscillates within a specific frequency range." (Slotnick, 2017, p. 243). « toute mesure de l'activité cérébrale qui correspond à des champs magnétiques et se réfère généralement à l'activité cérébrale oscillant dans une gamme de fréquences spécifique. » (Slotnick, 2017, p. 243). magnéto-encéphalographie magnetoencephalography magnétoencéphalographie Frank Arnould Ebenholtz, S. M. (1963). Position mediated transfer between serial learning and a spatial discrimination task. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 65(6), 603–608. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040458 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Technique used to study serial learning and recall. The subjects learn the same list of items on several trials. The starting point of the list varies from trial to trial (e.g., ABCDEF, then CDEFAB). Technique utilisée pour étudier l’apprentissage et le rappel sériels. Les sujets mémorisent une même liste d’items sur plusieurs essais. Le point de départ de la liste varie d’un essai à l’autre (par exemple, ABCDEF, puis CDEFAB).  liste en roue spin list Frank Arnould Bartlett, F. C. (1928). An experiment upon repeated reproduction. The Journal of General Psychology, 1(1), 54–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.1928.9923411 http://www.bartlett.psychol.cam.ac.uk/AnExpUponRepeRepro.htm Bartlett, F.C. (1920). Some experiments on the reproduction of folk stories, Folk-Lore, 31, 30-47. http://www.bartlett.psychol.cam.ac.uk/SomeExperimentsOn.htm Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge University Press. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 A method for studying the evolution of a memory over time. The subject first learns a material (for example, a text or an image) and then has to recall it at different retention intervals. Méthode permettant d’étudier l’évolution d’un souvenir avec le temps. Le sujet mémorise tout d’abord un matériel (par exemple, un texte ou une image) puis doit le rappeler à différents intervalles de rétention. repeated reproduction reproduction répétée Neath, I. (2022, April 18). Memory without retrieval: Testing the direct-access account of the missing item task doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/4DN3Z Frank Arnould Neath, I. (2022). Memory without retrieval: Testing the direct-access account of the missing item task. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology = Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale, 76(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000263 Yntema, D. B., & Trask, F. P. (1963). Recall as a search process. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 2(1), 65‑74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(63)80069-9 2021-08-12 2023-09-04 "In the missing item task (Yntema & Trask, 1963), two lists are presented on each trial, a study list and a test list. The items in both lists are presented one at a time. The test list contains all but one of the items from the study list and they are presented in a new random order. The task is to report which item from the study list is missing in the test list." (Neath, 2022, p. 1). « Dans la tâche de l'item manquant (Yntema & Trask, 1963), deux listes sont présentées à chaque essai, une liste d'étude et une liste de test. Les éléments des deux listes sont présentés un par un. La liste de test contient tous les éléments de la liste d'étude, sauf un, et ils sont présentés dans un nouvel ordre aléatoire. La tâche consiste à signaler quel élément de la liste d'étude manque dans la liste de test. » (Neath, 2022, p. 1). missing item task tâche de l'item manquant Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 Recall task in which participants are forced to recall a series of studied items, even if they have to guess the answers. Technique de rappel au cours de laquelle les participants sont contraints de rappeler un certain nombre d'items étudiés, quitte à deviner les réponses. forced recall task tâche de rappel forcé Frank Arnould Dalezman, J. J. (1976). Effects of output order on immediate, delayed, and final recall performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 2(5), 597–608. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.2.5.597 2017-12-04 2022-03-16 Procédure consistant à demander au sujet de rappeler d'abord les premiers items ou les derniers items d'une liste avant de rappeler les autres (Dalezman, 1976). Subjects are asked to recall the first or last items in a list before recalling the other items. directed free recall task tâche de rappel libre dirigé Frank Arnould Conway, M. A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261–288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.261 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Conway's model modèle de Conway Model conceptualizing autobiographical memory as composed of an autobiographical knowledge base and a working-self. Modèle conceptualisant la mémoire autobiographique comme étant composée d'une base de connaissances autobiographiques et d'un self de travail. self-memory system système de la mémoire du self 2023-03-20 Frank Arnould 2023-03-20 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human mémoire des items souvenir de l'item Aptitude à se souvenir d'un événement en lui-même. The ability to remember an event in itself. item memories souvenirs des items item memory mémoire de l'item Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-03-29 mémoire absolue mémoire photographique photographic memory rappel total souvenir total total memory total recall Sensation de posséder un souvenir vivace, d’une parfaite netteté et complet d'un évènement, habituellement de nature visuelle. The feeling of having a vivid, clear and complete memory of an event, usually of a visual nature. Le terme fut introduit en 1922 par Erich Jaensch. The term was introduced in 1922 by Erich Jaensch. eidetic memory mémoire éidétique Frank Arnould Guan, L., & Wang, Q. (2022). Does sharing memories make us feel closer? The roles of memory type and culture. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 00220221211072809. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220221211072809 Pillemer, D. B., Steiner, K. L., Kuwabara, K. J., Thomsen, D. K., & Svob, C. (2015). Vicarious memories. Consciousness and Cognition, 36, 233–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2015.06.010 Sekhsaria, S., & Pronin, E. (2021). Underappreciated benefits of reading own and others’ memories. Social Cognition, 39(4), 504–525. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2021.39.4.504 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Recollection of an event experienced by another person. Souvenir d’un évènement vécu par une autre personne. souvenirs vicariants vicarious memories souvenir vicariant vicarious memory Frank Arnould McBride, D. M., & Workman, R. A. (2017). Is prospective memory unique? A comparison of prospective and retrospective memory. In B. H. Ross (Éd.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 67, p. 213‑238). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.plm.2017.03.007 2017-12-04 2022-03-29 souvenir rétrospectif Memory for past events. Mémoire pour les événements passés. retrospective memories souvenirs rétrospectifs mémoire rétrospective retrospective memory Frank Arnould Earhart, B., Lakhani, N., & Roberts, K. P. (2021). Developmental trends in children’s source and destination memory. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 202, 104995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2020.104995 Gopie, N., & MacLeod, C. M. (2009). Destination memory: Stop me if I’ve told you this before. Psychological Science, 20(12), 1492-1499. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02472.x Wilu, A. W., Allain, P., & Haj, M. E. (2018). T’ai-je déjà raconté cette histoire ? Troubles de la mémoire de la destination dans les pathologies neurologiques et psychiatriques. Revue de neuropsychologie, 10(2), 130–138. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2018.0458 2017-12-04 2021-08-10 mémoire de la destination Remembering people to whom the subject has communicated information. Souvenir des personnes à qui le sujet a communiqué une information. destination memory mémoire du destinataire 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-27 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human récupération volontaire voluntary retrieval A memory retrieved in an intentional, deliberate and controlled manner. Souvenir récupéré de manière intentionnelle, délibérée et contrôlée. souvenirs volontaires voluntary memories souvenir volontaire voluntary memory Josselyn, S. A., & Tonegawa, S. (2020). Memory engrams : Recalling the past and imagining the future. Science, 367(6473). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw4325 Roy, D. S., Muralidhar, S., Smith, L. M., & Tonegawa, S. (2017). Silent memory engrams as the basis for retrograde amnesia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(46), E9972–E9979. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1714248114 Ryan, T. J., Roy, D. S., Pignatelli, M., Arons, A., & Tonegawa, S. (2015). Engram cells retain memory under retrograde amnesia. Science, 348(6238), 1007–1013. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa5542 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-22 Neurophysiologie Neurophysiology Animal Animal silent memory engram An engram "that cannot be retrieved by natural retrieval cues but can be retrieved with direct optogenetic stimulation" (Josselyn & Tonegawa, 2020). Engramme « qui ne peut pas être récupéré par des indices naturels de récupération, mais qui peut être récupéré par stimulation optogénétique directe » (Josselyn & Tonegawa, 2020). engrammes silencieux silent engrams silent memory engrams engramme silencieux silent engram Godoy, L., Alves, C., Ferreira, P., Sebastian, J., Martin-Saavedra, J., Studart-Neto, A., Nitrini, R., Leite, C., & Bisdas, S. (2021). Understanding brain resilience in superagers: A systematic review. Neuroradiology, 63, 663-683. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-020-02562-1 Santangelo, V., Macrì, S., & Campolongo, P. (2022). Superior memory as a new perspective to tackle memory loss. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 104828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104828 2023-03-14 Frank Arnould 2023-03-14 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human adulte âgé hautement performant highly performing older adult personne âgée hautement performante successful ager super-vieillissement superaging « Les super-vieillisseurs sont définis comme des personnes âgées de plus de 80 ans dont les performances en matière de mémoire épisodique sont similaires ou supérieures à celles des sujets d'âge moyen (50-65 ans). » (Godoy et al., 2021, p. 663). “Superagers are broadly defined as individuals over 80 years old with episodic memory performance similar or superior to middle-aged subjects (50–65 years old).“ (Godoy et al., 2021, p. 663). adultes âgés hautement performants highly performing older adults personnes âgées hautement performantes successful agers superagers super-vieillisseur superager 2023-05-30 Frank Arnould Boon, R., Milne, R., Rosloot, E., & Heinsbroek, J. (2020). Demonstrating detail in investigative interviews—An examination of the DeMo technique. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 34(5), 1133–1142. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3700 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-05-30 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human DeMo DeMo technique technique DeMo A method of eliciting eyewitness testimony in which the witness is first asked to describe an object unrelated to the case in order to help him or her understand the level of detail expected when recalling the facts as exhaustively as possible (Recall Everything instruction). Méthode de recueil des témoignages oculaires consistant à demander au témoin de décrire tout d’abord un objet sans lien avec l’affaire afin de l’aider à comprendre le niveau de détails attendu lorsqu’il devra se rappeler les faits le plus exhaustivement possible (consigne de rappel exhaustif). demonstration for more detail technique technique de démonstration du rappel détaillé Frank Arnould Liu, K. Y., Gould, R. L., Coulson, M. C., Ward, E. V., & Howard, R. J. (2016). Tests of pattern separation and pattern completion in humans—A systematic review. Hippocampus, 26(6), 705–717. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22561 Rolls, E. T. (2013). The mechanisms for pattern completion and pattern separation in the hippocampus. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2013.00074. 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 deblurring Processus de l’hippocampe permettant de récupérer un souvenir à partir d’un indice partiel ou dégradé. The process in the hippocampus to retrieve a memory from a partial or degraded cue. complètement de pattern pattern completion Frank Arnould Rugg, M. D., & Wilding, E. L. (2000). Retrieval processing and episodic memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(3), 108-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01445-5 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 A retrieval process in episodic memory, defined by Rugg and Wilding (2000) as " the mobilization of processing resources in service of a retrieval attempt". Processus de récupération de la mémoire épisodique que Rugg et Wilding (2000) définissent comme « la mobilisation de ressources de traitement déployée lors d'une tentative de récupération ». efforts de récupération effort de récupération retrieval effort Frank Arnould Rugg, M. D., & Wilding, E. L. (2000). Retrieval processing and episodic memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(3), 108-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01445-5 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 A retrieval process in episodic memory defined by Rugg and Wilding (2000) as "processes that are associated with, or depend upon, ecphory" (p. 108). Processus de récupération de la mémoire épisodique que Rugg et Wilding (2000) définissent comme « les processus qui sont associés ou qui dépendent de l'ecphorie » (p. 108). retrieval success succès de la récupération Beltrán, D. (2022, March 24). Negation Induced Forgetting. https://osf.io/ktjfp Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Mayo, R., Schul, Y., & Rosenthal, M. (2014). If you negate, you may forget: Negated repetitions impair memory compared with affirmative repetitions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 143(4), 1541-1552. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036122 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Zang, A., Beltrán, D., Wang, H., González, K. R., & de Vega, M. (2023). The negation-induced forgetting effect remains even after reducing associative interference. Cognition, 235, 105412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105412 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] 2023-09-04 Answering questions by rightly denying incorrect facts about an item (for example, after seeing a blue carpet, answering "No" to the question "Was the carpet yellow? ") increases the risk of forgetting this item compared to answering yes to questions about exact facts about this item (answering "Yes" to the question "Was the carpet blue?"). Répondre à des questions en niant avec raison des faits erronés relatifs à un item (par exemple, après avoir vu un tapis bleu, répondre Non à la question «  Est-ce que le tapis était jaune ? ») augmente le risque d’oublier ensuite cet item par rapport au fait de répondre affirmativement à des questions portant sur des faits exacts concernant cet item (répondre Oui à la question « Est-ce que le tapis était bleu ? »). negation-induced forgetting oubli induit par la négation Frank Arnould Hornberger, M., Morcom, A., & Rugg, M. (2004). Neural correlates of retrieval orientation: effects of study–test similarity. Journal of cognitive neuroscience, 16, 1196–1210. https://doi.org/10.1162/0898929041920450 Rugg, M. D., & Wilding, E. L. (2000). Retrieval processing and episodic memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(3), 108-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01445-5 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 A retrieval process in episodic memory defined by Rugg & Wilding (2000) as the "specific form of the processing that is applied to a retrieval cue" (p. 108). Processus de récupération de la mémoire épisodique que Rugg et Wilding (2000) définissent comme « la forme spécifique du traitement qui est appliqué à un indice de récupération » (p. 108). orientation de la récupération retrieval orientation Machizawa, M. G., Kalla, R., Walsh, V., & Otten, L. J. (2010). The time course of ventrolateral prefrontal cortex involvement in memory formation. Journal of Neurophysiology, 103(3), 1569‑1579. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.90937.2008 Samrani, G., Bäckman, L., & Persson, J. (2019). Interference control in working memory is associated with ventrolateral prefrontal cortex volume. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 31(10), 1491‑1505. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01430 Weintraub-Brevda, R. R., & Chua, E. F. (2019). The role of the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex in emotional enhancement of memory : A TMS study. 17. 2020-09-21 2023-09-04 VLPFC cortex préfrontal ventrolatéral ventrolateral prefrontal cortex Frank Arnould Rugg, M. D., & Wilding, E. L. (2000). Retrieval processing and episodic memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(3), 108-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01445-5 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 A process in episodic memory retrieval that Rugg and Wilding (2000), following Tulving (1983), define as the appropriate cognitive state, maintained in a tonic fashion for retrieving episodic information. Processus de récupération de la mémoire épisodique que Rugg et Wilding (2000) à la suite de Tulving (1983) définissent comme l'état cognitif approprié, maintenu de façon tonique, pour récupérer des informations épisodiques. mode de récupération retrieval mode Frank Arnould Hunt, R. R., & Elliot, J. M. (1980). The role of nonsemantic information in memory: Orthographic distinctiveness effects on retention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 109(1), 49–74. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.109.1.49 McDaniel, M. A., Cahill, M., Bugg, J. M., & Meadow, N. G. (2011). Dissociative effects of orthographic distinctiveness in pure and mixed lists : An item-order account. Memory & Cognition, 39(7), 1162. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-011-0097-9 2018-07-31 2023-04-03 Composition des listes : l'effet apparait dans des listes mixtes composées de mots avec des combinaisons de lettres atypiques et des mots avec des combinaisons de lettres plus habituelles, mais pas dans les listes pures (Hunt & Elliot, 1980 ; McDaniel et al., 2011). List composition: the effect appears in mixed lists composed of words with atypical letter combinations and words with more usual letter combinations, but not in pure lists (Hunt & Elliot, 1980 ; McDaniel et al., 2011). effet d'orthographie effet de distinctivité orthographique ​ Better memory for words with a distinctive spelling compared to words with a common spelling. Meilleure mémoire pour les mots dont l'orthographe est distinctive par rapport aux mots dont l'orthographe est commune. effet d'orthographe ​ orthographic distinctiveness effect ​ Frank Arnould Roediger, H. L., & Tekin, E. (2020). Recognition memory : Tulving’s contributions and some new findings. Neuropsychologia, 139, 107350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107350 2020-02-11 2023-03-22 Amnesia of recent events in people without brain damage. Amnésie d’évènements récents chez des personnes sans lésions cérébrales. amnésies quotidiennes everyday amnesias amnésie quotidienne everyday amnesia Frank Arnould Nelson, A. J. D. (2021). The anterior thalamic nuclei and cognition: A role beyond space? Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 126, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.047 Shine, J. M., Lewis, L. D., Garrett, D. D., & Hwang, K. (in press). The impact of the human thalamus on brain-wide information processing. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-023-00701-0 Sweeney-Reed, C. M., Buentjen, L., Voges, J., Schmitt, F. C., Zaehle, T., Kam, J. W. Y., Kaufmann, J., Heinze, H.-J., Hinrichs, H., Knight, R. T., & Rugg, M. D. (2021). The role of the anterior nuclei of the thalamus in human memory processing. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 126, 146–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.046 2021-09-06 2023-09-04 A diencephalic structure, made up of several nuclei, involved in various aspects of memory, amongst other things. Structure diencéphalique, composée de plusieurs noyaux, impliquée notamment dans différents aspects de la mémoire. thalamic thalamique thalamus thalamus Frank Arnould Berryhill, M. E. (2012). Insights from neuropsychology: pinpointing the role of the posterior parietal cortex in episodic and working memory. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2012.00031 Rolls, E. T., Deco, G., Huang, C.-C., & Feng, J. (in press). The human posterior parietal cortex: Effective connectome, and its relation to function. Cerebral Cortex, bhac266. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhac266 Sestieri, C., Shulman, G. L., & Corbetta, M. (2017). The contribution of the human posterior parietal cortex to episodic memory. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 18(3), 183–192. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn.2017.6 2018-04-17 2022-07-15 Area in the parietal cortex involved in episodic memory retrieval and working memory. ​Région du cortex pariétal impliquée dans la récupération des souvenirs épisodiques et la mémoire de travail. cortex pariétal postérieur posterior parietal cortex Frank Arnould Schultz, H., Sommer, T., & Peters, J. (2015). The role of the human entorhinal cortex in a representational account of memory. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00628 2018-10-08 2022-03-30 aire 28 de Broadmann aire corticale olfactive secondaire aire entorhinale area 28 of Brodmann cortex olfactif secondaire entorhinal area secondary olfactory cortex secondary olfactory cortical area Region of the medial temporal lobe at the interface between the neocortex and the hippocampus, playing an important role in different aspects of memory functioning (spatial memory, temporal memory, episodic memory, consolidation, etc.).​ Région du lobe temporal médian à l'interface entre le néocortex et l'hippocampe. Il joue un rôle important dans différents aspects du fonctionnement de la mémoire (mémoire spatiale, mémoire temporelle, mémoire épisodique, consolidation...). cortex entorhinal entorhinal cortex Frank Arnould Gros, A., Veyrac, A., & Laroche, S. (2015). Cerveau et mémoire: Des nouveaux neurones pour se souvenir. Biologie Aujourd’hui, 209(3), 229–248. https://doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2015028 Llinas, R. (2008). Neuron. Scholarpedia, 3(8), 1490. https://doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.1490 2020-11-02 2023-09-04 cellule nerveuse nerve cell "Neurons are the principal cellular elements that underlie the function of the nervous system including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral sensory systems and enteric (gut) nervous system." (Llinas, 2008). « Les neurones sont les principaux éléments cellulaires qui sous-tendent le fonctionnement du système nerveux, notamment le cerveau, la moelle épinière, les systèmes sensoriels périphériques et le système nerveux entérique (intestin). » (Llinas, 2008). cellules nerveuses nerve cells neurones neurons neuron neurone 2023-03-06 2023-09-04 individu individual individuals individus personnes persons person personne Frank Arnould Conway, A. R. A., Kane, M. J., Bunting, M. F., Hambrick, D. Z., Wilhelm, O., & Engle, R. W. (2005). Working memory span tasks: A methodological review and user’s guide. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 12(5), 769–786. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196772 2017-12-04 2023-03-29 complex WM span task complex span complex working memory span task empan complexe processing-and-storage task tâche d'empan complexe de mémoire de travail A term used to refer to working memory span tasks, combining the temporary maintenance of information with a processing task. Terme utilisé pour désigner les tâches d'empan en mémoire de travail, combinant la rétention temporaire et la manipulation d'informations. complex span tasks tâches d'empan complexe complex span task tâche d'empan complexe Frank Arnould Shah, P., & Miyake, A. (1996). The separability of working memory resources for spatial thinking and language processing: an individual differences approach. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 125(1), 4–27. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.125.1.4 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Complex span task. Participants see increasing series of uppercase letters in different orientations. Their task is to indicate whether the orientation of each letter is normal or mirrored. At the end of a series, participants are asked to recall the orientation of the letters. Tâche d'empan complexe. Les participants voient des séries croissantes de lettres capitales sous différentes orientations. Leur tâche consiste à indiquer si l'orientation de chaque lettre est normale ou en miroir. A la fin d'une série, les sujets doivent se souvenir de l'orientation des lettres. rotation letter task tâche de rotation de lettres Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-29 tâche d'empan de chiffres à rebours A span task in which the subjects are required to remember increasing sets of digits in the reverse order of presentation. Épreuve d’empan dans laquelle le sujet doit rappeler des séries croissantes de chiffres dans l’ordre inverse de présentation des items. Cette tâche peut être considérée comme une tâche d’empan complexe puisqu’elle combine une activité de stockage temporaire et une activité de traitement (réordonner les chiffres). This task can be viewed as a complex span task since it combines a temporary storage activity and a processing activity (reordering the digits). backward digit span task tâche d'empan de chiffres inversé Frank Arnould Craik, F. I. M. (1986). A functional account of age differences in memory. In F. Klix & H. Hagendorf (Eds.), Human memory and cognitive capabilities (pp. 409-422). Elsevier. Craik, F. I. M., Bialystok, E., Gillingham, S., & Stuss, D. T. (2018). Alpha span: A measure of working memory. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale, 72(3), 141–152. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000143 2017-12-04 2022-02-23 Span task during which subjects are required to recall series of words in alphabetical order (and not by the presentation order). Tâche d'empan au cours de laquelle le sujet est invité à rappeler des séries de mots par ordre alphabétique (et non par ordre de présentation). alpha span task tâche d'empan alpha Frank Arnould Daneman, M., & Carpenter, P. A. (1980). Individual differences in working memory and reading. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 19(4), 450-466. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(80)90312-6 Desmette, D. , Hupet, M., Schelstraete, M.-A., & Van den Linden, M. . (1995). Adaptation en langue française du « Reading Span Test » de Daneman et Carpenter (1980). L’Année Psychologique, 95(3), 459–482. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1995.28842. 2017-12-04 2023-03-29 A complex span task developed by Daneman and Carpenter (1980). The subject is asked to read a series of sentences and to remember the last word of each sentence. At the end of a series of sentences, he/she is required to remember those words. Tâche d’empan complexe développée par Daneman et Carpenter (1980). Le sujet doit lire des séries de phrases et mémoriser le dernier mot de chacune d’entre elles. À la fin d’une série de phrases, il doit se souvenir de ces mots. reading span task tâche d'empan de lecture Frank Arnould Babcock, R. L., & Salthouse, T. A. (1990). Effects of increased processing demands on age differences in working memory. Psychology and aging, 5(3), 421-428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.5.3.421 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 Complex span task. The subject solves series of arithmetic problems and has to retain the last digit of each problem. The series contain one to seven problems. At the end of a series, the subject is asked to remember the target digits. Tâche d'empan complexe. Le sujet doit résoudre des séries de problèmes arithmétiques et retenir le dernier chiffre de chaque problème. Les séries contiennent de un à sept problèmes. À la fin d’une série, le sujet est invité à se souvenir des chiffres cibles. computation span task tâche d'empan de calcul Frank Arnould Gonthier, C., Thomassin, N., & Roulin, J.-L. (2016). The composite complex span: French validation of a short working memory task. Behavior Research Methods, 48(1), 233–242. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-015-0566-3 2017-12-04 2022-02-23 Notion utilisée pour désigner la combinaison de plusieurs tâches d'empan complexe, permettant d'obtenir une évaluation générale de la capacité de la mémoire de travail. Term used for the combination of several complex span tasks, to obtain a domain-general assessment of the working memory capacity. composite complex span empan complexe composite Frank Arnould ​Daneman, M., & Carpenter, P. A. (1980). Individual differences in working memory and reading. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 19(4), 450–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(80)90312-6 ​Salthouse, T. A., & Babcock, R. L. (1991). Decomposing adult age differences in working memory. Developmental Psychology, 27(5), 763–776. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.27.5.763 2018-03-15 2023-03-15 Complex span task. The subject is asked to verify an increasing series of sentences presented orally by indicating whether they are true or false or by answering simple questions while memorizing the last word of each sentence. At the end of a series, s/he has to recall the target words. Tâche d'empan complexe. Le sujet doit vérifier des séries croissantes de phrases présentées oralement, en indiquant si elles sont vraies ou fausses ou en répondant à des questions simples, tout en mémorisant le dernier mot de chaque phrase. Après une série, il rappelle les mots cibles. listening span task tâche d'empan d'écoute Frank Arnould Case, R., Kurland, D. M., & Goldberg, J. (1982). Operational efficiency and the growth of short-term memory span. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 33(3), 386-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0965(82)90054-6 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 Method for measuring working memory capacity. Subjects are presented with sets of cards on which green dots and yellow dots are drawn. The task of the subject is to count out loud the number of green dots on each card. The first set has only one card, then the number of cards is gradually increased in the subsequent series. At the end of a series, the subject must recall the number of green dots on each card. Méthode de mesure de la capacité de la mémoire de travail. On présente des séries de cartes sur lesquelles sont dessinés des points verts et des points jaunes. La tâche du sujet est de compter oralement, sur chaque carte, le nombre de points verts. La première série ne comporte qu’une seule carte, puis le nombre de cartes est progressivement augmenté dans les séries suivantes. À la fin d’une série, le sujet doit rappeler le nombre de points verts de chaque carte. counting span task tâche d'empan de comptage Frank Arnould Turner, M. L., & Engle, R. W. (1989). Is working memory capacity task dependent? Journal of Memory and Language, 28(2), 127-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(89)90040-5 2017-12-04 2023-03-29 OSPAN task Le sujet est amené à vérifier le résultat d’une série d'équations arithmétiques et à lire à voix haute un mot qui termine chaque équation. Après la présentation d’une série de deux à sept équations, le sujet doit rappeler les mots dans l'ordre correct. L’empan correspond au nombre maximum de mots que le sujet est capable de rappeler. Il existe des variantes de cette procédure (par exemple, les mots à rappeler à la fin d’une série d’équations peuvent être remplacés par des lettres de l’alphabet). The subject is required to check the results of a series of mathematical equations and to read aloud a word that ends each equation. After the presentation of a series of two to seven equations, the subject is asked to remember the words in the correct order. The span is the maximum number of words that the subject is able to remember. There are variations on this procedure (e.g. words at the end of a series of equations may be replaced by letters). operation span task tâche d'empan d'opération Frank Arnould De Beni, R., Palladino, P., Pazzaglia, F., & Cornoldi, C. (1998). Increases in intrusion errors and working memory deficit of poor comprehenders. The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology, 51, 305‑320. https://doi.org/10.1080/713755761 2020-09-10 2023-09-04 CWMS Complex span task. Subjects hear series of words and have to tap their hand on the table when they hear the name of an animal. After the presentation of all series, subjects are required to recall the last word of each string in serial order (De Beni et al., 1998). Tâche d'empan complexe. Les sujets entendent des séries croissantes de mots et doivent frapper la table de leur main lorsqu'ils entendent un mot désignant un animal. À la fin de l'ensemble des séries, les sujets rappellent le dernier mot de chaque série dans leur ordre d'apparition. categorisation working memory span task categorization working memory span task tâche d'empan de mémoire de travail avec catégorisation Frank Arnould Kane, M. J., Hambrick, D. Z., Tuholski, S. W., Wilhelm, O., Payne, T. W., & Engle, R. W. (2004). The generality of working memory capacity: A latent-variable approach to verbal and visuospatial memory span and reasoning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133(2), 189-217. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.133.2.189 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 symmetry span test test d'empan de symétrie A visuo-spatial working memory span task. The subject is asked to remember the location of sequences of red squares placed in a matrix and to decide whether black squares arranged in an 8 x 8 matrix are symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis. Tâche d'empan de mémoire de travail visuo-spatiale. Le sujet doit se souvenir de la localisation de séquences de carrés rouges placés dans une matrice et décider si des carrés noirs disposés dans une matrice 8 x 8 sont symétriques par rapport à l'axe vertical. symmetry span task tâche d'empan de symétrie Frank Arnould Barrouillet, P., Bernardin, S., & Camos, V. (2004). Time constraints and resource sharing in adults’ working memory spans. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133(1), 83–100. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.133.1.83 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 Tâche d’empan de mémoire de travail dans laquelle les sujets doivent rappeler des séries croissantes de lettres tout en effectuant une tâche de lecture de chiffres. Working memory span task in which subjects are asked to remember increasing series of letters while performing a digit reading task. reading-digit span task tâche d'empan de lecture de chiffres Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-02-23 spatial span test test d'empan spatial Span task for measuring the capacity of spatial short-term memory or visuo-spatial working memory. Tâche d'empan pour mesurer la capacité de la mémoire à court terme spatiale ou de la mémoire de travail visuo-spatiale. spatial span tasks spatial span tests tests d'empan spatial tâches d'empan spatial spatial span task tâche d'empan spatial Frank Arnould Bunting, M., Cowan, N., & Scott Saults, J. (2006). How does running memory span work? Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59(10), 1691–1700. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470210600848402 Pollack, I., Johnson, L. B., & Knaff, P. R. (1959). Running memory span. Journal of experimental psychology, 57(3), 137. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046137 2017-12-04 2023-03-29 A method for studying working memory capacity. In a running span task, "each list continues for an unpredictable number of items, after which items from the end of the list are to be recalled." (Bunting et al., 2006, p. 1691). Méthode de mesure de la capacité de la mémoire de travail. Des items sont présentés dans des listes de longueur différente. Les sujets ne connaissent pas à l’avance la longueur des listes. Leur tâche consiste à rappeler les n derniers items des listes. Cette tâche nécessite d'évacuer des éléments anciens de la mémoire de travail et de mettre à jour celle-ci avec de nouveaux items. running span task tâche de running span Frank Arnould Jacobs, J. (1887). Experiments on « Prehension ». Mind, 12(45), 75‑79. https://doi.org/10.2307/2246990 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 empan simple simple span simple span test test d'empan simple Span task during which subjects are required to temporarily maintain a series of items (digits, words, spatial positions, etc.) without any other concurrent cognitive activity. Épreuve d'empan au cours de laquelle le sujet est invité à retenir transitoirement une série d'items (chiffres, mots, positions spatiales...), sans réaliser une autre tâche cognitive concurrente. simple span tasks simple span tests tests d'empan simple tâches d'empan simple simple span task tâche d'empan simple Frank Arnould Baddeley, A. (2007). Working memory, thought, and action. Oxford University Press. Baddeley, A. (2012). Working memory: Theories, models, and controversies. Annual Review of Psychology, 63(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100422 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 VSSP mémoire de travail visuo-spatiale visuo-spatial scratchpad A subsystem of working memory in Baddeley's (1986) model for temporarily storing and manipulating visual and spatial information. Sous-système de la mémoire de travail dans le modèle de Baddeley (1986) dédié au stockage temporaire et à la manipulation des informations visuelles et spatiales. calepin visuo-spatial visuo-spatial sketchpad Frank Arnould Corsi, P. (1972). Human memory and the medial temporal region of the brain an memory. McGraw Hill University. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=93903&local_base=GEN01-MCG02 Fournier, M., & Albaret, J.-M. (2015). Étalonnage des blocs de Corsi sur une population d’enfants scolarisés du CP à la 6e: Développements, n° 16-17(3), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.3917/devel.016.0076 2017-12-04 2023-07-18 Corsi block tapping test Corsi block task Corsi test test de Corsi tâche de Corsi Corsi's test (1972) is an example of a spatial span task. Nine cubes are presented to the subject. The experimenter points to the cubes with increasingly longer sequences (2-8 positions). The subject's task is to immediately reproduce the sequence in the same or reversed order. After two failures in a series of the same level, the test is stopped. L'épreuve de Corsi (1972) est un exemple de tâche d'empan spatial. On présente au sujet neuf cubes que l'expérimentateur pointe selon des séries de plus en plus longues (de 2 à 8 positions). La tâche du sujet est de reproduire immédiatement le pointage dans le même ordre ou l'ordre inverse. Après deux échecs sur une série de même niveau, on arrête le test. Corsi task épreuve de Corsi Frank Arnould Piccardi, L., Iaria, G., Ricci, M., Bianchini, F., Zompanti, L., & Guariglia, C. (2008). Walking in the Corsi test: Which type of memory do you need? Neuroscience Letters, 432(2), 127–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2007.12.044 Quintela del Rio, A., De las Cuevas-Terán, I., Cudeiro, J., Piccardi, L., Martín-Pozuelo, N., & Robles-García, V. (2023). Adaptations of the Walking Corsi Test (WalCT) for 2- and 3-year-old preterm and term-born toddlers: A preliminary study. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2023.1081042 2020-06-16 2023-04-19 WalCT Adaptation du test de Corsi pour étudier la mémoire de travail topographique. Le sujet doit reproduire un trajet en suivant dans l’ordre une série de carrés sur le sol. Adaptation of the Corsi test for the study of topographic working memory. The subject is asked to reproduce a path by sequentially walking along a series of squares on the ground. Test de marche de Corsi Walking Corsi Test 2021-07-05 2023-09-04 Explicit rule provided to a subject in an experimental condition. Règle explicite donnée à un sujet dans une condition expérimentale. consignes instructions consigne instruction Frank Arnould Otani, H., & Schwartz, B. L. (Éds.). (2018). Handbook of research methods in human memory. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429439957 2021-08-31 2023-09-04 A method for studying how subjects subjectively evaluate their memory experiences, performance and functioning. Méthode d'étude de la manière dont les sujets évaluent subjectivement leurs expériences mnésiques, la performance et le fonctionnement de leur mémoire. méthode subjective d'étude de la mémoire subjective study method of memory Frank Arnould Ranzenberger, L. R., & Snyder, T. (2022). Diffusion tensor imaging. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537361/ 2022-05-31 2023-09-04 DTI DTI MRI diffusion tensor MRI diffusion tensor image analysis diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging diffusion weighted imaging imagerie de tenseur de diffusion imagerie du tenseur de diffusion imagerie en tenseur de diffusion tractographie tractography « Une variante de l’imagerie pondérée par diffusion qui utilise le taux de diffusion d'eau tissulaire pour la production d'images. » (Ranzenberger & Snyder, 2022). “a variant of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) which utilizes a tissue water diffusion rate for image production.” (Ranzenberger & Snyder, 2022). diffusion tensor imaging imagerie par tenseur de diffusion Frank Arnould Deisseroth, K., Feng, G., Majewska, A. K., Miesenböck, G., Ting, A., & Schnitzer, M. J. (2006). Next-generation optical technologies for illuminating genetically targeted brain circuits. Journal of Neuroscience, 26(41), 10380–10386. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3863-06.2006 ​Mudiayi, D., Wong, S., & Gruber, A. (2015). Optogenetics. In J. D. Wright (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition) (p. 268–273). Oxford: Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.55060-0 2018-03-15 2023-09-04 optogenetic stimulation stimulation optogénétique "Optogenetic technology combines genetic targeting of specific neurons or proteins with optical technology for imaging or control of the targets within intact, living neural circuits." (Deisseroth et al., 2006, p. 10380). Méthode consistant à insérer, dans des neurones sélectivement ciblés, des gènes codant pour une protéine photosensible, de la classe des opsines, provoquant alors soit une dépolarisation (lumière bleue pour les channelrhodopsines R2ou chR2), soit l'hyperpolarisation (lumière jaune pour les halorhodopsines) des neurones. Dans le premier cas, la lumière va activer les neurones, dans le second cas, elle va les inhiber. optogenetically optogenetics optogénétique Frank Arnould Belliveau, J. W., Kennedy, D. N., McKinstry, R. C., Buchbinder, B. R., Weisskoff, R. M., Cohen, M. S., Vevea, J. M., Brady, T. J., & Rosen, B. R. (1991). Functional mapping of the human visual cortex by magnetic resonance imaging. Science, 254(5032), 716–719. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1948051 Houdé, O., Mazoyer, B., & Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2010). Cerveau et psychologie (1ʳᵉ éd.). Presses Universitaires de France. Slotnick, S. D. (2017). Cognitive neuroscience of memory. Cambridge University Press. 2022-03-22 2023-09-04 IRM fonctionnelle IRMf fMRI functional MRI « Méthode présentant une excellente résolution spatiale et une faible résolution temporelle qui mesure les augmentations du flux sanguin qui se produisent dans les régions actives du cerveau. » (Slotnik, 2017, p. 241). “method with excellent spatial resolution and poor temporal resolution that measures increases in blood flow that occur in active brain regions.“ (Slotnik, 2017, p. 241). functional magnetic resonance imageing functional magnetic resonance imaging imagerie par résonance magnétique fonctionnelle Frank Arnould Gagnon, G., & Blanchet, S. (2012). La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne: Nouveau regard sur l’implication du cortex préfrontal en mémoire épisodique et perspectives cliniques. Revue de neuropsychologie, 4(2), 103. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.042.0103 Valero-Cabré, A., Amengual, J. L., Stengel, C., Pascual-Leone, A., & Coubard, O. A. (2017). Transcranial magnetic stimulation in basic and clinical neuroscience: A comprehensive review of fundamental principles and novel insights. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 83, 381–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.10.006 Valero-Cabré, A., Pascual-Leone, A., & Coubard, O. A. (2011). La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne (SMT) dans la recherche fondamentale et clinique en neuroscience. Revue Neurologique, 167(4), 291–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2010.10.013 Widhalm, M. L., & Rose, N. S. (2019). How can transcranial magnetic stimulation be used to causally manipulate memory representations in the human brain? WIREs Cognitive Science, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1469 2022-04-23 2023-09-04 SMT TMS « Technique de stimulation cérébrale non invasive dans laquelle des impulsions électriques délivrées par une bobine isolée maintenue sur le scalp produisent un champ magnétique puissant et localisé qui peut provoquer la décharge de neurones dans une région précise du cerveau. » (Widhalm & Rose, 2019). “Non-invasive brain stimulation technique in which electrical pulses discharged through an insulated coil held to the scalp produce a strong, localized magnetic field that can cause neurons to fire in a focused brain region” (Widhalm & Rose, 2019). stimulation magnétique transcrânienne transcranial magnetic stimulation Bartl, G. (2019, August 29). Systematic review and network meta-analysis of tDCS effects on verbal episodic memory: Modelling heterogeneity of stimulation locations. https://osf.io/cfyvk Baumert, A., Buchholz, N., Zinkernagel, A., & Schmitt, M. (2019, February 14). tDCS executive function. https://osf.io/ta5x4 Ellis, D., Brewer, G. A., & Laboratory, M. & A. C. (2019, May 24). Prospective Memory and Neural Stimulation (tDCS). https://osf.io/b8g3e Friehs, M. A. (2021, May 6). DRM tDCS. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/X5QAS Medina, J. (2017, May 30). tDCS P-Curve analyses. https://osf.io/ts6zu Pérez, C. R. (2021, July 5). Intervention with Virtual Reality and tDCS to improve working memory and functional autonomy after stroke: Single case study. https://osf.io/zcmfv Vadillo, M. A., Sirota, M., Galli, G., & Medvedeva, A. (2018, November 16). A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Episodic Memory. https://osf.io/9cxeu Frank Arnould Brasil-Neto, J. P. (2012). Learning, memory, and transcranial direct current stimulation. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2012.00080 Galli, G., Vadillo, M. A., Sirota, M., Feurra, M., & Medvedeva, A. (2019). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on episodic memory. Brain Stimulation, 12(2), 231–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2018.11.008 Marković, V., Vicario, C. M., Yavari, F., Salehinejad, M. A., & Nitsche, M. A. (2021). A systematic review on the effect of transcranial direct current and magnetic stimulation on fear memory and extinction. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 15, 655947. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.655947 2022-04-25 2023-09-04 stimulation transcrânienne à courant continu tDCS tDCS "tDCS [transcranial direct current stimulation] involves the delivery of weak electrical currents (usually ranging from 1 to 2 mA) to the scalp by means of two electrodes, a positively-charged anode and a negatively-charged cathode. The current is thought to modulate the resting membrane potential of neurons depending on the polarity of the electrode, such that anodal stimulation induces depolarization of the membrane potential and increases cortical excitability, and cathodal stimulation induces hyperpolarization and decreases cortical excitability." (Galli et al., 2019, p. 231). « La tDSC [stimulation transcrânienne à courant direct] repose sur l'administration de faibles courants électriques (généralement de 1 à 2 mA) sur le scalp au moyen de deux électrodes, une anode à charge positive et une cathode à charge négative. Le courant est censé moduler le potentiel membranaire de repos des neurones en fonction de la polarité de l'électrode, de sorte que la stimulation anodale induit une dépolarisation du potentiel membranaire et augmente l'excitabilité corticale, et la stimulation cathodale induit une hyperpolarisation et diminue l'excitabilité corticale. » (Galli et al., 2019, p. 231). stimulation transcrânienne à courant direct transcranial direct current stimulation Frank Arnould Ferrari, M., & Quaresima, V. (2012). A brief review on the history of human functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) development and fields of application. NeuroImage, 63(2), 921–935. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.03.049 Talamonti, D., Montgomery, C. A., Clark, D. P. A., & Bruno, D. (2020). Age-related prefrontal cortex activation in associative memory: An fNIRS pilot study. NeuroImage, 222, 117223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117223 2022-05-31 2023-09-04 ISPIf fNIRS functional near-infrared imaging « technique d'imagerie cérébrale fonctionnelle non invasive qui détecte les changements hémodynamiques dans le cortex humain [...] Basée sur les propriétés d'absorption optique de l'hémoglobine sanguine, la ISPIf permet de calculer les changements de concentration de l'hémoglobine oxygénée (HbO) et de l'hémoglobine désoxygénée (HHb), qui sont des indicateurs d'activation corticale. » (Talamonti et al., 2020). “a non-invasive functional brain imaging technique that detects hemodynamic changes in the human cortex […] Based on the optical absorption properties of blood hemoglobin, fNIRS enables calculation of concentration changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb), which are indicators of cortical activation.” (Talamonti et al., 2020). functional near-infrared spectroscopy imagerie spectroscopique proche infrarouge Frank Arnould Barnett, S. M., & Ceci, S. J. (2002). When and where do we apply what we learn? A taxonomy for far transfer. Psychological Bulletin, 128(4), 612–637. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.128.4.612 Sala, G., & Gobet, F. (2017). Does far transfer exist? Negative evidence from chess, music, and working memory training. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 26(6), 515–520. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721417712760 Sala, G., Aksayli, N. D., Tatlidil, K. S., Tatsumi, T., Gondo, Y., & Gobet, F. (2019). Near and far transfer in cognitive training: A second-order meta-analysis. Collabra: Psychology, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.203 2019-05-10 2023-03-15 transfert distant transfert lointain The transfer of knowledge or skills acquired during a task to a new task that shares a few common features with the first task. Transfert de connaissances ou d'habilités acquises au cours d'une tâche à la réalisation d'une nouvelle tâche partageant peu de caractéristiques communes avec la première. far transfers transferts éloignés far transfer transfert éloigné Frank Arnould Sala, G., Aksayli, N. D., Tatlidil, K. S., Tatsumi, T., Gondo, Y., & Gobet, F. (2019). Near and far transfer in cognitive training: A second-order meta-analysis. Collabra: Psychology, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.203 2019-05-10 2023-03-15 The transfer of knowledge or skills acquired during a task to a new task that shares many common features with the first task. Transfert de connaissances ou d'habiletés acquises au cours d'une tâche à la réalisation d'une nouvelle tâche partageant de nombreuses caractéristiques communes avec la première. near transfers transferts proches near transfer transfert proche Frank Arnould Creighton, A. S., Ploeg, E. S. van der, & O’Connor, D. W. (2013). A literature review of spaced-retrieval interventions : A direct memory intervention for people with dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 25(11), 1743‑1763. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610213001233 Hochhalter, A. K., Overmier, J. B., Gasper, S. M., Bakke, B. L., & Holub, R. J. (2005). A comparison of spaced retrieval to other schedules of practice for people with dementia. Experimental Aging Research, 31(2), 101–118. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610730590914976 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 spaced-retrieval intervention Method for the rehabilitation of memory disorders, particularly in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type, allowing the acquisition of new information (Camp, 1989). The principle of the method is as follows: the subjects' memory is evaluated by gradually increasing the retention interval between two tests. When a retrieval failure occurs, the retention interval is reduced to the previous interval that resulted in a correct recall. Then the interval is increased again until a correct recall occurs. The procedure is therefore adapted according to the performance of the subjects. Méthode de rééducation des troubles de la mémoire, en particulier chez les patients atteints de démence de type Alzheimer, permettant l'acquisition d'informations nouvelles (Camp, 1989). Le principe de la méthode est le suivant : la mémoire des sujets est évaluée en augmentant progressivement l'intervalle de rétention entre deux tests. Lors d'un échec de récupération, l'intervalle de rétention est diminué et ramené à l'intervalle précédent ayant abouti à un rappel correct. Puis, l'intervalle est de nouveau augmenté jusqu'à un nouveau rappel correct. La procédure est donc adaptée en fonction de la performance des sujets. For example, Hochbalter et al. (2005) used a spaced retrieval program to help patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type remember a pill name. The following retention intervals were used: 0 s, 10 s, 30 s, 1 min, 2 min, 4 min, 7 min, 12 min. When name recall is correct at 0 s, the next interval is tried (10 s) and so on. If a recall is incorrect, the subject is tested with the previous shorter interval. Par exemple, Hochbalter et al. (2005) ont utilisé un programme de récupération espacée pour aider des patients souffrant de démence de type Alzheimer à se souvenir du nom d’un comprimé. Les intervalles de rétention suivants sont utilisés : 0 s, 10 s, 30 s, 1 min, 2 min, 4 min, 7 min, 12 min. Quand le rappel du nom est correct à 0 s, l’intervalle suivant est essayé (10 s) et ainsi de suite. Si un rappel est incorrect, le sujet est testé avec l’intervalle plus court précédent. récupération espacée spaced retrieval Simon, J., Kiss, N., Korrelboom, K., Kingdon, D., Wykes, T., Phiri, P., van der Gaag, M., Baksh, M. F., & Steel, C. (2022). Cost-effectiveness of Positive Memory Training (PoMet) for the treatment of depression in schizophrenia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19), Article 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191911985 Steel, C., Korrelboom, K., Fazil Baksh, M., Kingdon, D., Simon, J., Wykes, T., Phiri, P., & van der Gaag, M. (2020). Positive memory training for the treatment of depression in schizophrenia: A randomised controlled trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 135, 103734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2020.103734 Steel, C., van der Gaag, M., Korrelboom, K., Simon, J., Phiri, P., Baksh, M. F., Wykes, T., Rose, D., Rose, S., Hardcastle, M., Enright, S., Evans, G., & Kingdon, D. (2015). A randomised controlled trial of positive memory training for the treatment of depression within schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry, 15(1), 85. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-015-0453-6 2023-03-13 2023-03-31 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human PoMeT "Positive memory training (PoMeT) is designed to enhance access to positive self-representations resulting in reduced levels of depression and increased self-esteem. It is based on a theoretical account of mood disorder which suggests that positive self representations are relatively dormant within individuals suffering from depression, at least in part due to infrequent activation." (Steel et al., 2015). « L’entraînement à la mémoire positive (PoMeT) est conçu pour améliorer l'accès aux représentations positives de soi, ce qui permet de réduire les niveaux de dépression et d'augmenter l'estime de soi. Il est basé sur une approche théorique du trouble de l'humeur qui suggère que les représentations positives de soi sont relativement dormantes chez les individus souffrant de dépression, au moins en partie à cause d'une activation peu fréquente. » (Steel et al., 2015). Entrainement à la mémoire positive Positive Memory Training Frank Arnould Barry, T. J., Sze, W. Y., & Raes, F. (2019). A meta-analysis and systematic review of Memory Specificity Training (MeST) in the treatment of emotional disorders. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 116, 36‑51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2019.02.001 Raes, F., Williams, J. M. G., & Hermans, D. (2009). Reducing cognitive vulnerability to depression : A preliminary investigation of MEmory Specificity Training (MEST) in inpatients with depressive symptomatology. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 40(1), 24‑38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2008.03.001 2020-10-15 2023-09-04 MeST MeST entrainement à la spécificité mnésique Cognitive-behavioral intervention for the prevention and treatment of emotional disorders through training in the retrieval of specific autobiographical memories. Intervention cognitivo-comportementale pour la prévention et le traitement des troubles émotionnels par un entrainement à la récupération de souvenirs autobiographiques spécifiques. entraînement à la spécificité des souvenirs Memory Specificity Training entrainement à la spécificité des souvenirs Frank Arnould Hunt, R. R., & Einstein, G. O. (1981). Relational and item-specific information in memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 20(5), 497–514. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(81)90138-9 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 A mode of information processing defined as the encoding of information specific to a particular item. Mode de traitement des informations défini comme l’encodage des informations propres à un item particulier. traitements spécifiques des items item-specific processing traitement spécifique de l'item Frank Arnould Hunt, R. R., & Einstein, G. O. (1981). Relational and item-specific information in memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 20(5), 497–514. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(81)90138-9 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 A form of information processing defined as the encoding of similarities between items. Mode de traitement des informations défini comme l’encodage des similitudes entre items. traitements relationnels relational processing traitement relationnel Frank Arnould Hintzman, D. L., Block, R. A., & Summers, J. J. (1973). Modality tags and memory for repetitions: Locus of the spacing effect. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 12(2), 229-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(73)80013-1 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 Processus consistant à attribuer à un item la modalité sensorielle dans laquelle il a été présenté. The process of assigning to an item the sensory modality in which it was presented. marquage de la modalité modality tagging Frank Arnould Hainmueller, T., & Bartos, M. (2020). Dentate gyrus circuits for encoding, retrieval and discrimination of episodic memories. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 21(3), 153‑168. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-019-0260-z 2017-12-04 2022-03-30 gyrus dentelé An area in the hippocampus formation involved in the memory of spatial information, especially, in the process of spatial pattern separation. Région de la formation hippocampique impliquée dans la mémoire des informations spatiales, en particulier dans le processus de séparation de pattern spatial. dentate gyrus gyrus denté Frank Arnould Rolls, E. T. (2015). Limbic systems for emotion and for memory, but no single limbic system. Cortex, 62, 119‑157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2013.12.005 Rolls, E. T. (2019). The cingulate cortex and limbic systems for emotion, action, and memory. Brain Structure and Function, 224(9), 3001‑3018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-019-01945-2 2020-11-02 2023-09-04 limbic system système limbique limbic lobes lobes limbiques limbic lobe lobe limbique Frank Arnould Tse, D., Langston, R. F., Kakeyama, M., Bethus, I., Spooner, P. A., Wood, E. R., Witter, M. P., & Morris, R. G. M. (2007). Schemas and memory consolidation. Science, 316(5821), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1135935 2020-11-05 2023-09-04 Model according to which "systems consolidation can occur extremely quickly if an associative “schema” into which new information is incorporated has previously been created." (Tse et al., 2007, p. 76). Modèle selon lequel « la consolidation des systèmes peut se produire extrêmement rapidement si un "schéma" associatif dans lequel de nouvelles informations sont incorporées a été préalablement créé. » (Tse et al., 2007, p. 76). modèle d’assimilation à un schéma schema assimilation model Frank Arnould Barbeau, E. J., Ronat, L., & Didic, M. (2020). Études de cas et neuropsychologie de la mémoire : Et maintenant, c’est fini ? Revue de neuropsychologie, 12(1), 19‑25. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2020.0536 Corkin, S. (2002). What’s new with the amnesic patient H.M.? Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 3(2), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn726 Scoville, W. B., & Milner, B. (1957). Loss of recent memory after bilateral hippocampal lesions. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 20(1), 11–21. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.20.1.11 2021-08-23 2023-09-04 H.M. patient patient H.M. Patient (Henry Molaison — 1926-2008) qui présentait un syndrome amnésique bi-hippocampique après la résection bilatérale des lobes temporaux médians pour traiter une épilepsie. Il a participé à de nombreuses études ayant permis de faire avancer la compréhension de la mémoire. Patient (Henry Molaison — 1926-2008) who suffered from bi-hippocampal amnesia after bilateral resection of the medial temporal lobes to treat an intractable epilepsy. He participated in numerous studies that advanced the understanding of memory. HM case HM patient cas HM patient HM H.M. case cas H.M. Frank Arnould 2020-11-02 2023-09-04 A collection of nerve fibers in the brain. Regroupement de fibres nerveuses dans l’encéphale. faisceaux cérébraux brain fasciculus faisceau cérébral Frank Arnould Casillo, S. M., Luy, D. D., & Goldschmidt, E. (2020). A history of the lobes of the brain. World Neurosurgery, 134, 353–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2019.10.155 Houdé, O., Mazoyer, B., & Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2010). Cerveau et psychologie (1ʳᵉ éd.). Presses Universitaires de France. 2020-11-02 2023-09-04 lobe of the brain brain lobes lobes cérébraux lobes of the brain brain lobe lobe cérébral Frank Arnould Behrens, T. E. J., Muller, T. H., Whittington, J. C. R., Mark, S., Baram, A. B., Stachenfeld, K. L., & Kurth-Nelson, Z. (2018). What is a cognitive map? Organizing knowledge for flexible behavior. Neuron, 100(2), 490–509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2018.10.002 Tolman, E. C. (1948). Cognitive maps in rats and men. Psychological review, 55(4), 189-208. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0061626 Warren, W. H. (2019). Non-Euclidean navigation. Journal of Experimental Biology, 222(Suppl_1), jeb187971. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.187971 Weisberg, S. M., & Newcombe, N. S. (2018). Cognitive maps: Some people make them, some people struggle. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27(4), 220–226. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721417744521 2017-12-04 2023-04-04 Mental and spatial representation of an environment topology. Représentation spatiale et mentale de la topologie de l’environnement. cartes cognitives cognitive maps carte cognitive cognitive map Frank Arnould Baddeley, A. (2012). Working memory: Theories, models, and controversies. Annual Review of Psychology, 63(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100422 Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. J. (1974). Working memory. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 8, p. 47-89). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60452-1 Baddeley, A. D., Hitch, G., & Allen, Richard. (2021). A multicomponent model of working memory. In R. Logie, V. Camos, & N. Cowan (Eds.), Working memory: State of the science (p. 10‑43). Oxford University Press. Ozimic, A. S. (2020). Working memory from the perspective of the multicomponent model and embedded-processes model. Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, 18(4), 516–524. https://doi.org/10.7906/indecs.18.4.2 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 modèle à composants multiples de la mémoire de travail multicomponent working memory model Model according to which working memory is composed of several interacting systems: central executive, phonological loop, visuo-spatial sketchpad and episodic buffer. Modèle selon lequel la mémoire de travail est composée de plusieurs systèmes en interaction : l'administrateur central, la boucle phonologique, le calepin visuo-spatial et le buffer épisodique. multi-component working memory model Baddeley's model modèle de Baddeley Frank Arnould Oberauer, K. (2002). Access to information in working memory : Exploring the focus of attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(3), 411‑421. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.28.3.411 Oberauer, K. (2009). Design for a working memory. In Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 51, p. 45‑100). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(09)51002-X 2022-03-07 2023-09-04 Conceptualisation de la mémoire de travail comme une « structure concentrique de représentations avec trois régions fonctionnellement distinctes [...] : 1. La partie activée de la mémoire à long terme peut servir, entre autres, à mémoriser des informations sur de brèves périodes pour un rappel ultérieur. 2. La région d'accès direct détient un nombre limité de chunks disponibles pour être utilisés dans les processus cognitifs en cours. 3. Le focus attentionnel contient à tout moment l’unique chunk qui est effectivement sélectionné comme objet de la prochaine opération cognitive. » (Oberauer, 2002, p. 412). Conceptualization of working memory as a “concentric structure of representations with three functionally distinct regions […] : 1. The activated part of long-term memory can serve, among other things, to memorize information over brief periods for later recall. 2. The region of direct access holds a limited number of chunks available to be used in ongoing cognitive processes. 3. The focus of attention holds at any time the one chunk that is actually selected as the object of the next cognitive operation.”(Oberauer, 2002, p. 412). concentric model modèle concentrique Frank Arnould Chein, J. ., Ravizza, S. ., & Fiez, J. . (2003). Using neuroimaging to evaluate models of working memory and their implications for language processing. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 16(4-5), 315-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0911-6044(03)00021-6 Cowan, N. (1988). Evolving conceptions of memory storage, selective attention, and their mutual constraints within the human information-processing system. Psychological Bulletin, 104(2), 163‑191. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.104.2.163 Cowan, N., Morey, C.C., & Naveh-Benjamin, M. (2021). An embedded-processes approach to working memory: How is it distinct from other approaches, and to what ends? In R.H. Logie, V. Camos, and N. Cowan (Eds.), Working Memory: State of the Science. Oxford University Press. Cowan,N.(1999).An embedded-processes model of working memory. In A. Myake & P. Shah (Eds.), Models of Working Memory: Mechanisms of Active Maintenance and Executive Control, (pp. 32-101). Cambridge University Press. Ozimic, A. S. (2020). Working memory from the perspective of the multicomponent model and embedded-processes model. Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, 18(4), 516–524. https://doi.org/10.7906/indecs.18.4.2 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 modèle des processus emboîtés A functional model of working memory. Working memory is conceived as the activated part of long-term memory. Only a subset of activated information is subject to attentional focus, which is limited in capacity. The focus of attention is under the control of a central administrator. Modèle fonctionnel de la mémoire de travail, dans lequel celle-ci est conçue comme la partie activée de la mémoire à long terme. Seul un sous-ensemble des informations activées fait l'objet d'une focalisation de l'attention, dont la capacité est limitée. Le focus de l'attention est sous le contrôle d'un administrateur central. embedded-processes model modèle des processus imbriqués Frank Arnould Page, M. P. A., & Norris, D. (1998). The primacy model: A new model of immediate serial recall. Psychological Review, 105(4), 761-781. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.105.4.761-781 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Connectionist model of immediate serial recall and the phonological loop (Page & Norris, 1998). Items are activated according to a primacy gradient: the first item in the list is the most active, and the activation of other items in the list gradually decreases with their serial position. The decay of an item's trace is rapid after activation, unless a rehearsal mechanism maintains its original activation. At the time of serial recall, the first item in the list with the greatest activation is recalled first and then suppressed. The other items are then recalled sequentially using the same principle. Modèle connexionniste du rappel sériel immédiat et de la boucle phonologique (Page & Norris, 1998). Les items sont activés en fonction d'un gradient de primauté : le premier item de la liste est le plus activé puis l'activation des autres items de la liste décroit graduellement avec leur position sérielle. Le déclin de la trace d'un item est rapide après son activation, sauf si un mécanisme de répétition permet de conserver son activation d'origine. Au moment du rappel sériel, le premier item de la liste, qui est le plus activé, est récupéré en premier puis supprimé. Les autres items sont ensuite séquentiellement rappelés sur le même principe. Primacy model modèle Primacy Frank Arnould D’Esposito, M. (2007). From cognitive to neural models of working memory. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 362(1481), 761-772. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2086 Postle, B. R. (2006). Working memory as an emergent property of the mind and brain. Neuroscience, 139(1), 23-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.06.005 2017-12-04 2022-02-18 recrutement sensori-moteur sensorimotor recruitment Les modèles de la mémoire de travail basés sur le recrutement sensoriel postulent que la rétention à court terme de stimuli active les mêmes systèmes cérébraux que ceux impliqués dans leur traitement sensoriel. Sensory recruitment models of working memory postulate that the short-term retention of stimuli activates the same brain systems as those involved in their sensory processing. recrutement sensoriel sensory recruitment Frank Arnould Wagenaar, W. A. (1972). Generation of random sequences by human subjects: A critical survey of literature. Psychological Bulletin, 77(1), 65–72. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0032060 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 Experimental technique used to study the central executive in working memory. The task of the subject is to generate numbers or letters as if they were drawn at random. Technique expérimentale utilisée pour étudier l'administrateur central de la mémoire de travail. La tâche du sujet consiste à générer des nombres ou des lettres comme s'ils étaient tirés au hasard dans un ensemble. random generation tasks tâches de génération aléatoire random generation task tâche de génération aléatoire Frank Arnould Smyth, M. M., Pearson, N. A., & Pendleton, L. R. (1988). Movement and working memory: patterns and positions in space. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 40(3), 497–514. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724988843000041 2017-12-04 2022-03-16 movement span test test d'empan de mouvement L'empan de mouvement est estimé en demandant au sujet de répéter des séquences de plus en plus longues de mouvements corporels exécutés par l'expérimentateur. L'empan de mouvement correspond à la plus longue séquence que le sujet est capable de reproduire immédiatement. Movement span is estimated by asking the subject to repeat movement sequences of increasing length performed by the experimenter. The movement span is the longest sequence that the subject is able to reproduce immediately. movement span task tâche d'empan de mouvement Frank Arnould Boag, R. J., Stevenson, N., van Dooren, R., Trutti, A. C., Sjoerds, Z., & Forstmann, B. U. (2021). Cognitive control of working memory : A model-based approach. Brain Sciences, 11(6), 721. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11060721 Chatham, C. H., & Badre, D. (2015). Multiple gates on working memory. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 1, 23‑31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2014.08.001 Kessler, Y. (2017). The role of working memory gating in task switching : A procedural version of the reference-back paradigm. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02260 Nir-Cohen, G., Kessler, Y., & Egner, T. (2020). Neural substrates of working memory updating. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 32(12), 2285–2302. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01625 Rac-Lubashevsky, R., & Kessler, Y. (2016a). Dissociating working memory updating and automatic updating: The reference-back paradigm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 42(6), 951–969. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000219 Rac-Lubashevsky, R., & Kessler, Y. (2016b). Decomposing the n-back task : An individual differences study using the reference-back paradigm. Neuropsychologia, 90, 190‑199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.07.013 2021-06-04 2023-09-04 Experimental paradigm based on the n-back task for studying working memory updating processes. On each trial, a stimulus (e.g., a letter or a face) is presented within a blue frame or a red frame. The subject is asked to indicate whether or not this stimulus is identical to the stimulus most recently presented in a red frame. Trials containing a red frame are termed reference trials. Trials with a blue frame are termed comparison trials (after Nir-Cohen et al., 2020). Paradigme expérimental basé sur la tâche n-back pour l'étude des processus de mise à jour de la mémoire de travail. À chaque essai, un stimulus (par exemple, une lettre de l'alphabet ou un visage) est présenté à l'intérieur d'un cadre bleu ou d'un cadre rouge. Le sujet doit indiquer si ce stimulus est identique ou non au stimulus présenté le plus récemment dans un cadre rouge. Les essais contenant un cadre rouge sont dits essais de référence. Les essais contenant un cadre bleu sont dits essais de comparaison (d'après Nie-Cohen et al., 2020). paradigme de la référence précédente reference-back paradigm Frank Arnould Oberauer, K., Lewandowsky, S., Awh, E., Brown, G. D. A., Conway, A., Cowan, N., Donkin, C., Farrell, S., Hitch, G. J., Hurlstone, M. J., Ma, W. J., Morey, C. C., Nee, D. E., Schweppe, J., Vergauwe, E., & Ward, G. (2018). Benchmarks for models of short-term and working memory. Psychological Bulletin, 144(9), 885‑958. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000153 Prinzmetal, W., Amiri, H., Allen, K., & Edwards, T. (1998). Phenomenology of attention : I Color, location, orientation, and spatial frequency. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24(1), 261‑282. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.24.1.261 Wilken, P., & Ma, W. J. (2004). A detection theory account of change detection. Journal of Vision, 4(12), 11. https://doi.org/10.1167/4.12.11 ​ van den Berg, R., Awh, E., & Ma, W. J. (2014). Factorial comparison of working memory models. Psychological Review, 121(1), 124–149. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035234 ​ 2018-09-10 2023-03-14 continuous report task delayed estimation task tâche d'estimation différée tâche de rapport continu Le sujet est invité à ajuster la valeur d'un trait (par exemple, la couleur ou l'orientation) jusqu'à ce qu'elle corresponde à la valeur d'un item en mémoire à court terme. The subject is asked to adjust the value of a feature (for example, the color or orientation) until it matches the value of an item in short-term memory. continuous reproduction task tâche de reproduction continue Frank Arnould Hughes, C., & Ensor, R. (2005). Executive Function and Theory of Mind in 2 Year Olds : A Family Affair? Developmental Neuropsychology, 28(2), 645‑668. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326942dn2802_5 Hughes, C., & Ensor, R. (2007). Executive function and theory of mind : Predictive relations from ages 2 to 4. Developmental Psychology, 43(6), 1447‑1459. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.43.6.1447 2020-09-14 2023-09-04 Method for studying working memory in young children. Stickers are placed in six of the eight pots arranged on a tray. Before each trial, the tray is covered with a scarf, spun around, and then the scarf is removed. The child is asked to choose one of the pots that he or she thinks contains a sticker before moving on to the next trial (Hughes & Ensor, 2005 ; 2007). Méthode d'étude de la mémoire de travail chez les jeunes enfants. Des autocollants sont placés dans six des huit pots disposés sur un plateau tournant. Avant chaque essai, le plateau est recouvert d'un foulard, subit une rotation, puis le foulard est ôté. L'enfant est invité à choisir l'un des pots qu'il pense contenir un autocollant avant de passer à l'essai suivant (Hughes & Ensor, 2005 ; 2007). spin the pots task tâche des pots tournants Frank Arnould Cragg, L., & Nation, K. (2007). Self-ordered pointing as a test of working memory in typically developing children. Memory, 15(5), 526–535. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701390750 Petrides, M., & Milner, B. (1982). Deficits on subject-ordered tasks after frontal- and temporal-lobe lesions in man. Neuropsychologia, 20(3), 249–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(82)90100-2 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 self-ordered pointing task tâche de pointage autoordonné Working memory task (Petrides & Milner, 1982). "The task takes the form of a set of pictures of familiar objects or abstract designs, arranged in a grid. These are presented in a different spatial arrangement on each trial and the participant is required to point to a different picture every time. The test requires executive abilities in order to organise and carry out a sequence of responses as well as to retain and constantly monitor the responses made." (Cragg et Nation, 2007, p. 526). Épreuve de mémoire de travail. « La tâche se présente sous la forme d'une série d'images d'objets familiers ou de dessins abstraits, disposés dans une grille. Ces images sont présentées dans une disposition spatiale différente à chaque essai et le participant doit pointer une image différente à chaque fois. Le test requiert des capacités exécutives afin d'organiser et d'exécuter une séquence de réponses, ainsi que de retenir et de contrôler en permanence les réponses données. » (Cragg et Nation, 2007, p. 526). test de pointage auto-ordonné tâche de pointage auto-ordonné self-ordered pointing test test de pointage autoordonné Frank Arnould Wechsler, D. (2008). WAIS‐IV technical and interpretive manual. San Antonio, TX: NCS Pearson, Inc 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 Working memory test in the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Series of increasing complexity combining letters and digits are presented. The subject is required to remember them in alphabetic and numerical order. Épreuve de mémoire de travail présente dans l'Échelle d'intelligence pour adultes de Wechsler. Des séries de complexité croissante contenant un mélange de chiffres et de lettres non ordonné sont présentées. Le sujet doit les rappeler en respectant l'ordre alphabétique et numérique. letter number sequencing séquence lettres-chiffres letter number sequencing test test séquence lettres-chiffres Frank Arnould Gathercole, S. E., & Baddeley, A. D. (1989). Evaluation of the role of phonological STM in the development of vocabulary in children: A longitudinal study. Journal of Memory and Language, 28(2), 200-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(89)90044-2 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 Method for studying the phonological loop. Subjects listened to nonwords and try to repeat them orally. In children, performance in this task is correlated with vocabulary level and is thought to be a good predictor of language acquisition. Méthode d'étude de la boucle phonologique. L'expérimentateur énonce des non mots que le sujet doit répéter. Chez l'enfant, la performance dans cette tâche est corrélée au niveau de vocabulaire et serait un bon prédicteur de l'acquisition du langage. nonword repetition task tâche de répétition de non-mots Frank Arnould Rodríguez-Aranda, C., & Martinussen, M. (2006). Age-related differences in performance of phonemic verbal fluency measured by controlled oral word association task (cowat): A meta-analytic study. Developmental Neuropsychology, 30(2), 697–717. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326942dn3002_3 Schmidt, C. S. M., Schumacher, L. V., Römer, P., Leonhart, R., Beume, L., Martin, M., Dressing, A., Weiller, C., & Kaller, C. P. (2017). Are semantic and phonological fluency based on the same or distinct sets of cognitive processes? Insights from factor analyses in healthy adults and stroke patients. Neuropsychologia, 99, 148–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.02.019 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 fluence phonémique phonemic fluency phonemic fluency task phonemic fluency test phonological verbal fluency task test de fluence phonémique test de fluence verbale phonologique tâche de fluence phonemique Le sujet est invité à générer, en un temps donné, le plus grand nombre de mots commençant par une lettre précise (par exemple, la lettre F, puis la lettre A, puis la lettre S). The subject is asked to generate the largest number of words beginning with a particular letter (e.g., F, then A, and then S) in a given amount of time. phonemic verbal fluency test test de fluence verbale phonémique Frank Arnould Martin, R. C., Shelton, J. R., & Yaffee, L. S. (1994). Language processing and working memory: Neuropsychological evidence for separate phonological and semantic capacities. Journal of Memory and Language, 33(1), 83–111. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1994.1005 2022-05-16 2023-09-04 Semantic working memory task. Word lists of two to seven items are presented. At the end of each list, the subject is asked to indicate whether a new word belongs to the same semantic category as a word in the list. Tâche de mémoire de travail sémantique. Des listes de mots de deux à sept items sont présentées. À la fin de chaque liste, le sujet doit indiquer si un nouveau mot appartient à la même catégorie sémantique qu’un mot de la liste. category probe task tâche de sondage catégoriel Frank Arnould MacLeod, C. M. (1991). Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: An integrative review. Psychological Bulletin, 109(2), 163–203. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.109.2.163 Stroop, R. J. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18(6), 643‑662. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054651 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Stroop color–word interference test Stroop paradigm Stroop task color-word Stroop paradigm color-word Stroop task paradigme de Stroop tâche de Stroop A test of inhibitory capacity used as a measure of the central executive of working memory. Subjects are asked to name the color in which words are written, but the color of the words is sometimes different from the color they denote (e.g., the word "red" is written in green.) In this case, subjects tend to respond with the color denoted by the words. To pass this test, subjects have to inhibit the automatic reading of the words in order to name the color of the ink. Épreuve permettant d'évaluer les capacités d'inhibition et utilisée comme mesure de l'administrateur central de la mémoire de travail. Les sujets doivent nommer la couleur dans laquelle sont écrits des mots de couleur, sachant que la couleur des mots est parfois différente de la couleur qu'ils désignent (par exemple, le mot « rouge » est écrit en vert). Dans ce cas, les sujets ont tendance à répondre par la couleur que désignent les mots. Pour réussir cette épreuve, il faut donc inhiber la lecture, qui est automatique, pour pouvoir nommer la couleur de l'encre. Stroop colour–word interference test colour-word Stroop paradigm colour-word Stroop task Stroop test test de Stroop Frank Arnould Bopp, K. L., & Verhaeghen, P. (2018). Aging and n-back performance : A meta-analysis. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gby024 Jaeggi, S. M., Buschkuehl, M., Perrig, W. J., & Meier, B. (2010). The concurrent validity of the N-back task as a working memory measure. Memory, 18(4), 394‑412. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211003702171 Kane, M. J., Conway, A. R. A., Miura, T. K., & Colflesh, G. J. H. (2007). Working memory, attention control, and the n-back task : A question of construct validity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 33(3), 615‑622. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.33.3.615 Kirchner, W. K. (1958). Age differences in short-term retention of rapidly changing information. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 55(4), 352-358. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043688 Redick, T. S., & Lindsey, D. R. B. (2013). Complex span and n-back measures of working memory : A meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 20(6), 1102‑1113. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-013-0453-9 Yaple, Z. A., Stevens, W. D., & Arsalidou, M. (2019). Meta-analyses of the n-back working memory task : FMRI evidence of age-related changes in prefrontal cortex involvement across the adult lifespan. NeuroImage, 196, 16‑31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.03.074 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 n-back lag task "In the n-back task, individuals are asked to report whether or not the item currently presented matches the item that had been presented n items back." (Redick et Lindsey, 2013, p. 1103). On présente des stimuli successifs au sujet (par exemple, M A V B) qui doit répondre quand un stimulus (par exemple, V) a déjà été présenté n positions auparavant (par exemple, 2 essais auparavant). n-back task tâche n-back Frank Arnould Barrouillet, P., & Camos, V. (2014). Working memory: Loss and reconstruction. Psychology Press. 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Dans le modèle TBRS de la mémoire de travail, système central assurant séquentiellement le maintien (par focalisation attentionnelle) et le traitement des représentations transitoires construites à partir d'informations provenant de systèmes périphériques sensoriels et de la mémoire déclarative à long terme. In the TBRS model of working memory, a central system providing in a sequential manner the maintenance (by attentional focusing) and the processing of transitory representations built on information retrieved from peripheric systems and long-term declarative memory. boucle exécutive executive loop Frank Arnould Piccardi, L., Nori, R., Boccia, M., Barbetti, S., Verde, P., Guariglia, C., & Ferlazzo, F. (2015). A dedicated system for topographical working memory: Evidence from domain-specific interference tests. Experimental Brain Research, 233(8), 2489–2495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-015-4320-y 2020-06-16 2023-03-24 Mémoire de travail spécialisée dans le stockage temporaire et la manipulation des informations (localisation, direction, distance) acquises au cours de la navigation spatiale. Working memory for temporary storing and manipulating information (location, direction, distance) acquired in the course of spatial navigation. mémoire de travail topographique topographical working memory Frank Arnould Baddeley, A. (2000). The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory? Trends in cognitive sciences, 4(11), 417–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01538-2 Baddeley, A., Allen, R. J., & Hitch, G. J. (2010). Investigating the episodic buffer. Psychologica Belgica, 50(3–4), 223. https://doi.org/10.5334/pb-50-3-4-223 Quinette, P., Guillery-Girard, B., Hainselin, M., Laisney, M., Desgranges, B., & Eustache, F. (2013). Évaluation du buffer épisodique : deux épreuves testant les capacités d’association et de stockage d’informations verbales et spatiales. Revue de neuropsychologie, 5(1), 56–62. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2013.0254 Twick, M., & Levy, D. A. (2021). Fractionating the episodic buffer. Brain and Cognition, 154, 105800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2021.105800 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 buffer épisodique Dans le modèle de la mémoire de travail de Baddeley, le tampon épisodique est un système temporaire et à capacité limitée de stockage d’informations multimodales. Il intervient dans l’intégration d’informations provenant des autres sous-systèmes de la mémoire de travail et de la mémoire à long terme, permettant ainsi de créer une représentation épisodique unifiée (Baddeley, 2000). In Baddeley's model of working memory, the episodic buffer is a temporary system with a limited storage capacity for multimodal information. It is involved in integrating information from other subsystems of working memory and from long-term memory to create a unified episodic representation (Baddeley, 2000). episodic buffer tampon épisodique Frank Arnould Martin, L., Jaime, K., Ramos, F., & Robles, F. (2021). Declarative working memory : A bio-inspired cognitive architecture proposal. Cognitive Systems Research, 66, 30‑45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2020.10.014 Oberauer, K. (2009). Design for a working memory. In Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 51, p. 45‑100). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(09)51002-X Oberauer, K. (2010). Declarative and procedural working memory: Common principles, common capacity limits? Psychologica Belgica, 50(3-4), 277-308. https://doi.org/10.5334/pb-50-3-4-277 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 "Declarative working memory is a sub-system for temporarily holding declarative representations available." (Oberauer, 2010, p. 280). Sous-système de la mémoire de travail qui serait impliqué dans le maintien temporaire des informations disponibles pour être traitées. declarative working memory mémoire de travail déclarative Frank Arnould Logie, R. H. (1995). Visuo-spatial working memory. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 Sous-système du calepin visuo-spatial dont le rôle est le rafraîchissement et la manipulation des informations visuelles et spatiales du cache visuel (Loggie, 1995). Subsystem of the visuo-spatial sketchpad for the refreshing and manipulation of the visual and spatial information stored in the visual cache (Loggie, 1995). inner scribe scribe interne Frank Arnould Stokes, M. G. (2015). ‘Activity-silent’ working memory in prefrontal cortex: A dynamic coding framework. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2015.05.004 Trübutschek, D., Marti, S., Ueberschär, H., & Dehaene, S. (2019). Probing the limits of activity-silent non-conscious working memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116(28), 14358–14367. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820730116 2020-05-29 2023-03-14 Forme de mémoire de travail non consciente assurant le maintien à court terme d’informations sans activité nerveuse persistante dans le cerveau. Non-conscious form of working memory for short-term maintenance of information without sustained neural activity in the brain. activity-silent working memory mémoire de travail à activité silencieuse Frank Arnould Meyer, M. L., & Lieberman, M. D. (2012). Social working memory: neurocognitive networks and directions for future research. Frontiers in Cognition, 3, 571. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00571 http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00571/full 2017-12-04 2018-04-11 Stockage temporaire et manipulation d'informations sociales. Temporary storage and manipulation of social information. mémoire de travail sociale social working memory Bays, P., & Kong, G. (2021, May 24). Transsaccadic integration relies on a limited memory resource. https://osf.io/v27y6/ Frank Arnould Frost, A., Moussaoui, S., Kaur, J., Aziz, S., Fukuda, K., & Niemeier, M. (2021). Is the n-back task a measure of unstructured working memory capacity? Towards understanding its connection to other working memory tasks. Acta Psychologica, 219, 103398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103398 Frost, A., Tomou, G., Parikh, H., Kaur, J., Zivcevska, M., & Niemeier, M. (2019). Working memory in action : Inspecting the systematic and unsystematic errors of spatial memory across saccades. Experimental brain research, 237(11), 2939‑2956. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-019-05623-x 2021-08-23 2023-09-04 Mémoire temporaire permettant de conserver et traiter les informations visuelles pendant les saccades oculaires. Temporary memory for storing and processing information across saccadic eye movements. mémoire transsaccadique transsaccadic memory Frank Arnould Oberauer, K. (2009). Design for a working memory. In Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 51, p. 45‑100). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(09)51002-X Oberauer, K. (2010). Declarative and procedural working memory: Common principles, common capacity limits? Psychologica Belgica, 50(3-4), 277-308. https://doi.org/10.5334/pb-50-3-4-277 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 "Procedural working memory temporarily holds procedural representations available that govern the cognitive operations we carry out on the declarative representations." (Oberauer, 2010, p. 280). « La mémoire de travail procédurale conserve temporairement les représentations procédurales disponibles qui contrôlent les opérations cognitives que nous effectuons sur les représentations déclaratives " (Oberauer, 2010, p. 280). » (Oberauer, 2010, p. 280). mémoire de travail procédurale procedural working memory Frank Arnould Ericsson, K. A., & Kintsch, W. (1995). Long-term working memory. Psychological Review, 102(2), 211–245. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.102.2.211 Guida, A., Tardieu, H., & Nicolas, S. (2009). Mémoire de travail à long terme : quelle est l'utilité de ce concept ? Emergence, concurrence et bilan de la théorie d'Ericsson et Kintsch (1995). L'Année Psychologique, 109(1), 83-122. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503309001043 Kintsch, W., Patel, V. L., & Ericsson, K. A. (1999). The role of long-term working memory in text comprehension. Psychologia, 42(4), 186–198. 2017-12-04 2023-09-04 La mémoire de travail est généralement considérée comme un système temporaire de stockage et de manipulation des informations à capacité limitée. Ericsson et Kintsch (1995) ont proposé d'ajouter à cette mémoire de travail à court terme une mémoire de travail à long terme. Celle-ci est conçue comme une partie de la mémoire à long terme. Elle n'a pas de capacité limitée, son contenu est récupérable directement, rapidement et automatiquement à partir d'indices dans la mémoire à court terme et est uniquement impliquée dans les domaines de connaissance familiers, les compétences expertes des sujets (jeu d'échecs, diagnostic médical, compréhension de textes...). Working memory is generally considered as a temporary system for storing and manipulating information with limited capacity. Ericsson and Kintsch (1995) proposed adding long-term working memory to this short-term working memory. It is conceived as part of long-term memory. It has no limited capacity, its content is retrievable directly, quickly and automatically from cues in short-term memory and is only involved in familiar knowledge domains, expertise (chess game, medical diagnosis, reading comprehension, etc.). long-term working memory mémoire de travail à long terme Frank Arnould Gimenes, G., Pennequin, V., & Sorel, O. (2013). Division of the articulatory loop according to sensory modality using double dissociation. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 25(7), 808-815. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2013.823974. 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Sous-composant de la mémoire de travail spécialisé dans les mouvements corporels, distinct de la boucle phonologique, que certains auteurs proposent d’ajouter au modèle de Baddeley de la mémoire de travail, au moins pour les gestes sans signification et sans iconicité. The subcomponent of working memory specialized in body movements, which is distinct from the phonological loop,and which some authors propose to add to the Baddeley's model of working memory, at least for meaningless gestures and movements without iconicity. boucle gestuelle gestural loop Frank Arnould Engle, R. W., & Kane, M. J. (2004). Executive attention, working memory capacity, and a two-factor theory of cognitive control. In B. H. Ross & B. H. (Eds.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation, Vol. 44. (p. 145-199). New York : Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(03)44005-X 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Fonction de la mémoire de travail consistant à maintenir actifs et accessibles les buts d'une tâche cognitive en cours. Working memory function consisting of keeping the goals of an ongoing cognitive task active and accessible. goal maintenance maintien du but Frank Arnould Hassin, R. R., Bargh, J. A., Engell, A. D., & McCulloch, K. C. (2009). Implicit working memory. Consciousness and cognition, 18(3), 665–678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2009.04.003 Magnussen, S. (2009). Implicit visual working memory. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 50(6), 535–542. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2009.00783.x 2018-01-10 2018-04-11 Term used to specify the non-conscious aspects of working memory functioning. Terme utilisé pour désigner les aspects non conscients du fonctionnement de la mémoire de travail. implicit working memory mémoire de travail implicite Frank Arnould Baddeley, A. (2012). Working memory: Theories, models, and controversies. Annual Review of Psychology, 63(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100422 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 mémoire phonologique mémoire à court terme phonologique phonological memory phonological short-term memory stock phonologique Dans le modèle de Baddeley de la mémoire de travail, le registre phonologique est un composant de la boucle phonologique. Il est responsable du stockage temporaire, sous forme phonologique, des informations verbales. Sans rafraichissement, le déclin des traces dans le registre phonologique est très rapide. Le stockage phonologique serait automatique et direct quand le matériel verbal est présenté oralement. La mise en évidence du registre phonologique repose sur l'effet de similitude phonologique et sur l'effet du discours non écouté. In Baddeley's model of working memory, the phonological store is a component of the phonological loop. It is responsible for the temporary storage of verbal information in a phonological form. Without mental refreshing, the traces in the phonological store deteriorate very quickly. Phonological storage is automatic and direct when verbal material is presented orally. The identification of the phonological store is based on the phonological similarity effect and the irrelevant speech effect. phonological store registre phonologique Frank Arnould Logie, R. H. (1995). Visuo-spatial working memory. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Sous-système du calepin visuo-spatial dont la fonction est le stockage passif et temporaire des informations visuelles. Le contenu du cache visuel est soumis à une détérioration rapide (sauf si les informations sont rafraîchies par le scribe interne) et aux interférences par de nouvelles informations (Logie, 1995). Sub-system of the visuospatial sketchpad whose function is the passive and temporary storage of visual information. The content of the visual cache is subject to rapid deterioration (unless the information is refreshed by the internal scribe) and to interference with new information (Logie, 1995). cache visuel visual cache Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Chen, H., & Wyble, B. (2015). Amnesia for object attributes: Failure to report attended information that had just reached conscious awareness. Psychological Science, 26(2), 203-210. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614560648 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Chen, H., Swan, G., & Wyble, B. (2016). Prolonged focal attention without binding: Tracking a ball for half a minute without remembering its color. Cognition, 147, 144–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2015.11.014 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Tam, J., Mugno, M. K., O’Donnell, R. E., & Wyble, B. (2021). And like that, they were gone: A failure to remember recently attended unique faces. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(6), 2027–2034. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-01965-2 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-04 amnesia for attended attributes amnésie des attributs Difficulty in remembering an attribute of a visual stimulus (e.g. color) during a surprise memory test even though the subject previously paid attention to this attribute to locate the stimulus among distractors. Difficulté à se souvenir d'une caractéristique d'un stimulus visuel (par exemple sa couleur) au cours d'un test surprise de la mémoire alors même que le sujet a précédemment prêté attention à cette caractéristique pour localiser le stimulus parmi des distracteurs. amnésie d'attribut attribute amnesia Frank Arnould Donders, F. C. (1868/1969). On the speed of mental processes. Acta Psychologica, 30, 412–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6918(69)90065-1 Donders, F.C. (1868/2001). La vitesse des actes psychiques. Psychologie et Histoire, 2, 188-204. https://sites.google.com/site/psychologieethistoire/DONDERS.HTM 2018-11-07 2023-04-19 temps de réaction discriminatif Les sujets doivent répondre le plus rapidement possible (Go) à une certaine classe de stimuli, par exemple, en pressant une touche de clavier, et ne pas répondre à d'autres classes de stimuli (No Go). Subjects are asked to respond as quickly as possible (Go) to a particular class of stimuli, for example by pressing a key on a keyboard, and not to respond to other classes of stimuli (No Go). go/nogo task tâche Go/No Go tâche go/nogo Go/No-Go task tâche Go/No-Go Frank Arnould Horne, A., Zahn, R., Najera, O. I., & Martin, R. C. (2022). Semantic working memory predicts sentence comprehension performance: A case series approach. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.887586 Martin, R. C. (2021). The critical role of semantic working memory in language comprehension and production. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 30(4), 283–291. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721421995178 Martin, R. C., & He, T. (2004). Semantic short-term memory and its role in sentence processing : A replication. Brain and Language, 89(1), 76‑82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-934X Martin, R. C., & Romani, C. (1994). Verbal working memory and sentence comprehension : A multiple-components view. Neuropsychology, 8(4), 506‑523. https://doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.8.4.506 Martin, R. C., Shelton, J. R., & Yaffee, L. S. (1994). Language processing and working memory: Neuropsychological evidence for separate phonological and semantic capacities. Journal of Memory and Language, 33(1), 83–111. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1994.1005 2018-09-27 2022-05-16 Martin, R. C., & He, T. (2004). Semantic short-term memory and its role in sentence processing : A replication. Brain and Language, 89(1), 76‑82. doi:10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00300-6 mémoire de travail sémantique semantic working memory Sous-composant de la mémoire de travail à capacité limitée permettant le stockage temporaire et le traitement du sens des mots. La mémoire à court terme sémantique jouerait notamment un rôle important dans la compréhension des phrases. Sub-component of working memory with limited capacity for temporary storage and processing of the meaning of words. In particular, semantic short-term memory is thought to play an important role in sentence comprehension. mémoire à court terme sémantique semantic short-term memory Kessler, Y. (2017, November 26). The role of working memory gating in task switching: A procedural version of the reference-back paradigm. https://osf.io/x69j8/ Frank Arnould Boag, R. J., Stevenson, N., van Dooren, R., Trutti, A. C., Sjoerds, Z., & Forstmann, B. U. (2021). Cognitive control of working memory : A model-based approach. Brain Sciences, 11(6), 721. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11060721 Chatham, C. H., & Badre, D. (2015). Multiple gates on working memory. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 1, 23‑31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2014.08.001 Kessler, Y. (2017). The role of working memory gating in task switching : A procedural version of the reference-back paradigm. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02260 Nir-Cohen, G., Kessler, Y., & Egner, T. (2020). Neural substrates of working memory updating. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 32(12), 2285–2302. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01625 2021-07-05 2023-09-04 accès à la mémoire de travail gating gating mechanism working memory gating Contrôle dynamique des entrées d'informations (ouverture et fermeture) en mémoire de travail. Dynamic control of information input (gate opening and closing) in working memory. « Lorsqu'elle est fermée, la porte empêche les nouvelles informations d'entrer dans la mémoire de travail, ce qui permet de maintenir son contenu dans un état stable face à des informations distrayantes ou non pertinentes. Lorsqu'elle est ouverte, la porte permet aux nouvelles informations d'entrer dans la mémoire de travail (et aux anciennes d'en sortir), ce qui permet à la mémoire de travail de rester à jour avec les informations pertinentes pour les objectifs du moment et les exigences de la tâche » (Boag et al. 2021). “When closed, the gate prevents new information from entering WM [Working Memory], which allows its contents to be maintained in a stable state in the face of distracting or irrelevant information. When open, the gate allows new information into WM (and old information out), which allows WM to remain up to date with information relevant to current goals and task demands.“ (Boag et al., 2021). gating process processus de portillonnage Frank Arnould Öztekin, I., & McElree, B. (2010). Relationship between measures of working memory capacity and the time course of short-term memory retrieval and interference resolution. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 36(2), 383–397. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018029 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 contrôle de l'interférence interference control En mémoire de travail, processus permettant d'atténuer les effets d'interférence entre représentations en sélectionnant celles qui sont pertinentes pour la réalisation d'une tâche cognitive. In working memory, the process by which the effects of interference between representations are reduced by selecting those that are relevant to the performance of a cognitive task. interference resolution résolution de l'interférence Frank Arnould Nedergaard, J. S. K., Wallentin, M., & Lupyan, G. (2023). Verbal interference paradigms: A systematic review investigating the role of language in cognition. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 30(2), 464–488. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-022-02144-7 Shah, P., & Miyake, A. (1996). The separability of working memory resources for spatial thinking and language processing: an individual differences approach. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 125(1), 4–27. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.125.1.4 2017-12-04 2023-04-29 An experimental paradigm in which a secondary task has to be performed at the same time as a primary task. The secondary task is a source of interference for the primary task when the two tasks involve the same type of information (e.g. verbal information). The secondary task will not interfere with the primary task if the two tasks involve different information (verbal information in one task and spatial information in the other). This paradigm was used to justify the dissociation between the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad in Baddeley's model of working memory. Paradigme expérimental au cours duquel une tâche secondaire doit être réalisée en même temps qu'une tâche principale. La tâche secondaire est source d'interférence pour la tâche principale quand les deux tâches portent sur le même type d'informations (par exemple des informations verbales). Par contre, la tâche secondaire ne sera pas source d'interférence pour la tâche principale quand les deux tâches portent sur des informations différentes (informations verbales pour l'une et spatiales pour l'autre). Ce paradigme a été utilisé pour justifier la dissociation entre boucle phonologique et calepin visuo-spatial dans le modèle de Baddeley de la mémoire de travail. paradigme d’interférence sélective selective interference paradigm Frank Arnould Healy, A. F. (1974). Separating item from order information in short-term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 13(6), 644-655. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(74)80052-6 2017-12-04 2022-05-18 serial reconstruction task Short-term serial memory task. Subjects study a list of items (such as words) presented one after the other. Then, all the words are represented in random order and subjects are asked to reconstruct the initial presentation order. Tâche de mémoire sérielle à court terme. Les sujets mémorisent une liste d'items (par exemple des mots), présentés l'un après l'autre. Puis, l'ensemble des mots sont représentés dans un ordre aléatoire et les sujets doivent reconstruire l'ordre initial de présentation. serial order reconstruction task tâche de reconstruction de l'ordre sériel Frank Arnould Sligte, I. G., Scholte, H. S., & Lamme, V. A. F. (2008). Are there multiple visual short-term memory stores? PLoS ONE, 3(2), e1699. http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001699 2017-12-04 2021-08-09 Forme intermédiaire de mémoire visuelle à court terme dont la durée de stockage des informations est supérieure à celle de la mémoire iconique et dont la capacité de stockage est supérieure à celle de la mémoire de travail visuelle. Intermediate form of short-term visual memory. The information storage duration is greater than that of iconic memory and storage capacity is higher than that of visual working memory. fragile visual short-term memory mémoire visuelle à court terme fragile Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-03-29 A term borrowed from computer science to characterize one of the supposed functions of short-term memory, the temporary maintenance of information awaiting further processing. Terme emprunté à l'informatique pour caractériser l'une des fonctions supposées de la mémoire à court terme, le maintien provisoire d'informations qui attendent un traitement ultérieur. buffer memory mémoire tampon Frank Arnould Hamilton, W. (1859). Lectures on metaphysics and logic. Boston : Gould. http://archive.org/details/lecturesonmet00hamiuoft Horowitz, L. M., & Prytulak, L. S. (1969). Redintegrative memory. Psychological Review, 76(6), 519–531. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0028139 Norris, D., Kalm, K., & Hall, J. (2020). Chunking and redintegration in verbal short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 46(5), 872‑893. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000762 Schweickert, R. (1993). A multinomial processing tree model for degradation and redintegration in immediate recall. Memory & Cognition, 21(2), 168–175. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202729 Surprenant, A. M., & Neath, I. (2009). Principles of memory. Psychology Press. 2017-12-04 2021-10-18 Process to retrieve a memory from fragmented information. Processus permettant de récupérer un souvenir à partir d'une information fragmentée, partielle. redintegration rédintégration Frank Arnould Morin, C., Brown, G. D. A., & Lewandowsky, S. (2010). Temporal isolation effects in recognition and serial recall. Memory & Cognition, 38(7), 849–859. https://doi.org/10.3758/MC.38.7.849 2018-10-15 2018-12-04 En mémoire à court terme, un item est mieux mémorisé s'il est isolé des autres items par des intervalles de temps plus longs. In short-term memory, an item is better memorized if it is isolated from other items by longer time intervals. effet d'isolement temporel temporal isolation effect Frank Arnould Svoboda, E., McKinnon, M. C., & Levine, B. (2006). The functional neuroanatomy of autobiographical memory: a meta-analysis. Neuropsychologia, 44(12), 2189–2208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.05.023 2017-12-04 2023-04-20 autobiographical memory core network réseau cœur de la mémoire autobiographique A set of brain regions, mostly located in the left hemisphere, which are involved in retrieving autobiographical memories. The core network of autobiographical memory comprises the medial and ventro-lateral prefrontal cortex, the medial and lateral temporal cortex, the temporo-parietal junction, the retrosplenial/posterior cingular cortex and the cerebellum. Ensemble de régions cérébrales, localisées majoritairement dans l'hémisphère gauche, impliquées dans la récupération de souvenirs autobiographiques. Le réseau cœur de la mémoire autobiographique comprend les cortex préfrontaux médian et ventrolatéral, les cortex temporaux médian et latéral, la jonction temporopariétale, le cortex cingulaire retrosplénial/postérieur et le cervelet. réseau coeur de la mémoire autobiographique autobiographical memory network réseau de la mémoire autobiographique Frank Arnould Meeter, M., Murre, J.M.J. (2005). TraceLink : A model of consolidation and amnesia. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 22, 559-587. https://doi-org.insb.bib.cnrs.fr/10.1080/02643290442000194 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 Connectionist model of consolidation and amnesia "that implements an autonomous “off-line” consolidation process. The model consists of three subsystems: (1) a trace system (neocortex), (2) a link system (hippocampus and adjacent regions), and (3) a modulatory system (basal forebrain and other areas)." (Meeter et Murre, 2005, p. 559). Modèle connexionniste de la consolidation et de l'amnésie (Meeter & Murre, 2005). TraceLink model modèle Tracelink Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Alberini, C. (Ed.). (2013). Memory reconsolidation. Academic Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Elsey, J. W. B., Van Ast, V. A., & Kindt, M. (2018). Human memory reconsolidation: A guiding framework and critical review of the evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 144(8), 797–848. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000152 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Gisquet-Verrier, P., & Riccio, D. C. (2018). Memory integration : An alternative to the consolidation/reconsolidation hypothesis. Progress in Neurobiology, 171, 15‑31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.10.002 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Hardt, O., Einarsson, E. Ö., & Nader, K. (2010). A bridge over troubled water: Reconsolidation as a link between cognitive and neuroscientific memory research traditions. Annual Review of Psychology, 61(1), 141–167. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100455 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Misanin, J. R., Miller, R. R., & Lewis, D. J. (1968). Retrograde amnesia produced by electroconvulsive shock after reactivation of a consolidated memory trace. Science, 160(3827), 554‑555. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.160.3827.554 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Nader, K., Schafe, G. E., & Le Doux, J. E. (2000). Fear memories require protein synthesis in the amygdala for reconsolidation after retrieval. Nature, 406(6797), 722‑726. https://doi.org/10.1038/35021052 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Parks, C. M., Mohawk, K. D., Werner, L. L. S., & Kiley, C. (2022). The time window of reconsolidation : A replication. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 29(5), 2008‑2013. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-022-02102-3 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open] Schroyens, N., Beckers, T., & Luyten, L. (2023). Appraising reconsolidation theory and its empirical validation. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 30(2), 450–463. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-022-02173-2 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-01 "retrieval of an existing memory trace can destabilize it, which in turn opens a time-dependent window during which the memory becomes malleable. The memory can then be altered, strengthened, or weakened" (Parks et al., 2022, p. 2008). « La récupération d'une trace mnésique existante peut la déstabiliser, ce qui ouvre une fenêtre temporelle au cours de laquelle le souvenir devient malléable. Le souvenir peut alors être altéré, renforcé ou affaibli » (Parks et al., 2022, p. 2008). reconsolidation reconsolidation Frank Arnould Dudai, Y. (2004). The neurobiology of consolidations, or, how stable is the engram? Annual Review of Psychology, 55(1), 51-86. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142050 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 cellular consolidation consolidation cellulaire Changements moléculaires et cellulaires permettant un renforcement des synapses durant les minutes ou heures suivant l'encodage d'un souvenir. Molecular and cellular changes for the strengthening of synapses during the few minutes or hours after the encoding of a memory. consolidation synaptique synaptic consolidation Frank Arnould Gisquet-Verrier, P., & Riccio, D. C. (2022). Revisiting systems consolidation and the concept of consolidation. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 132, 420–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.12.003 Moscovitch, M., & Gilboa, A. (2022). Has the concept of systems consolidation outlived its usefulness? Identification and evaluation of premises underlying systems consolidation. F1000Prime Rep, 11(33). https://facultyopinions.com/prime/reports/b/11/33/ Takehara-Nishiuchi, K. (2021). Neurobiology of systems memory consolidation. European Journal of Neuroscience, 54(8), 6850–6863. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14694 Takehara‐Nishiuchi, K. (2021). Neurobiology of systems memory consolidation. European Journal of Neuroscience, 54(8), 6850–6863. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14694 Tonegawa, S., Morrissey, M. D., & Kitamura, T. (2018). The role of engram cells in the systems consolidation of memory. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 19(8), 485–498. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-018-0031-2 Wiltgen, B. J., & Tanaka, K. Z. (2013). Systems consolidation and the content of memory. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 106, 365-371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2013.06.001 Winocur, G., & Moscovitch, M. (2011). Memory transformation and systems consolidation. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 17(05), 766‑780. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617711000683 2017-12-04 2023-03-16 consolidation systémique systems memory consolidation Processus lent de consolidation, pouvant durer des semaines, des mois ou des années, au cours duquel des souvenirs dépendant de l'hippocampe sont transférés vers le néocortex. Slow process of consolidation, which may take weeks, months or years, during which hippocampus-dependent memories are transferred to the neocortex. consolidation des systèmes systems consolidation 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould Sporer, S. L. (2001). Recognizing faces of other ethnic groups: An integration of theories. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 7(1), 36–97. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.7.1.36 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human IOM A model of the own-race bias according to which "1. When confronted with an in-group face, (the default), automatic processing commences with configural coding, characteristic of expert processing of a normal upright face. 2. In contrast, when confronted with an out-group face, perception of an out-group characterization cue triggers categorization before other, more typical face-processing strategies begin." (Sporer, 2001, p. 81). Modèle du biais lié à l'ethnie d'appartenance dans la reconnaissance des visages selon lequel «  1. Confronté à un visage de l’endogroupe, (par défaut), un traitement automatique débute par un codage configural, caractéristique du traitement expert d’un visage normalement présenté à l’endroit. 2. En revanche, confronté à un visage de l’exogroupe, la perception d’un indice propre à l’exogroupe déclenche un processus de catégorisation avant que ne débutent d’autres stratégies plus typiques de traitement des visages. » (Sporer, 2001, p. 81). in-group/outgroup model modèle endogroupe/exogroupe 2022-09-09 Frank Arnould Frosina, P., Logue, M., Book, A., Huizinga, T., Amos, S., & Stark, S. (2018). The effect of cognitive load on nonverbal behavior in the cognitive interview for suspects. Personality and Individual Differences, 130, 51–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.03.012 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Geiselman, R. E. (2012). The cognitive interview for suspects (CIS). American Journal of Forensic Psychology, 30, 5–20. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Logue, M., Book, A. S., Frosina, P., Huizinga, T., & Amos, S. (2015). Using reality monitoring to improve deception detection in the context of the cognitive interview for suspects. Law and Human Behavior, 39(4), 360–367. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000127 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Noc, M., Ginet, M., & Deslauriers-Varin, N. (2022). False confession in innocent suspects: A look at the cognitive interview for suspects. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-022-09543-5 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Noc, M., Ginet, M., & Deslauriers-Varin, N. (2022). The cognitive interview for suspects: A test with customs officers. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling. https://doi.org/10.1002/jip.1587 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-08-21 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human CIS Adaptation de l’Entretien cognitif pour l’interrogatoire de suspects. Certaines consignes ont pour objectif d’augmenter la charge cognitive afin de faciliter la détection du mensonge. L’entretien comporte huit étapes (d’après Logue et al., 2015, p. 362) : (a) établissement d’un rapport de confiance avec le suspect ; (b) rappel initial de l’événement ; (c) restauration mentale du contexte de l’événement en le restituant dans l’ordre séquentiel ; (d) rappel supplémentaire ; (e) questions ouvertes ; (f) rappel de l’événement dans l’ordre inverse ; (g) contestation de l’histoire par l’enquêteur comme étant fausse ; (h) récit final de l’événement. Adaptation of the Cognitive Interview for the interrogation of suspects. Some of the instructions are designed to increase the cognitive load in order to facilitate deception detection. The method has eight stages: "(a) rapport building, (b) initial recall of event, (c) reinstate the context of the event by drawing the event in sequential order, (d) additional recall, (e) follow-up questions (open ended), (f) recall of event in reverse order, (g) interviewer challenges the story as false, and (h) final recounting of event. In the last stage, the suspect is allowed to clarify or change any information they wish, before the final closure stage of the process." (Logue et al., 2015, p. 362). Cognitive Interview for Suspects Entretien cognitif pour suspects Conway, M. A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261–288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.261 Harris, C. B., & Berntsen, D. (2019). Direct and generative autobiographical memory retrieval : How different are they? Consciousness and Cognition, 74, 102793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2019.102793 Mace, J. H., Petersen, E. P., & Kruchten, E. A. (2021). Elucidating the mental processes underlying the direct retrieval of autobiographical memories. Consciousness and Cognition, 94, 103190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2021.103190 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-13 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human récupération spontanée spontaneous retrieval En mémoire autobiographique, « processus de récupération relativement rapide qui n'implique "aucun effort" [...] caractérisé par l'absence de stratégies de recherche manifestes et conscientes » (Mace et al., 2021, p. 2). In autobiographical memory, "a relatively fast retrieval process that involves “no effort” [...] characterized as lacking overt, conscious search strategies" (Mace et al., 2021, p. 2). direct retrieval récupération directe Conway, M. A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261–288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.261 Mace, J. H., Petersen, E. P., & Kruchten, E. A. (2021). Elucidating the mental processes underlying the direct retrieval of autobiographical memories. Consciousness and Cognition, 94, 103190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2021.103190 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-21 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human "a long, protracted retrieval process where one exerts considerable effort to retrieve a past experience [...] involving the use of elaborate, conscious search strategies" (Mace et al., 2021, p. 2). « un processus de récupération long et prolongé au cours duquel une personne déploie des efforts considérables pour retrouver une expérience passée [...] impliquant l'utilisation de stratégies de recherche élaborées et conscientes » (Mace et al., 2021, p. 2). generative retrieval récupération générative Frank Arnould Glenberg, A., & Fernandez, A. (1988). Evidence for auditory temporal distinctiveness: Modality effects in order and frequency judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 14, 728–739. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.14.4.728 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Frequency judgment of the occurrence of an item in a list. Jugement de la fréquence avec laquelle un item est apparu dans une liste. frequency judgement frequency judgments judgement of frequency judgements of frequency judgments of frequency jugements de fréquence judgment of frequency jugement de fréquence Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-01-13 Negative transfer occurs when a first learning impairs a second learning. Un transfert négatif s’observe quand un premier apprentissage entrave un second apprentissage. transferts négatifs negative transfer transfert négatif Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-01-13 Positive transfer occurs when a first learning facilitates a second learning. Un transfert positif s’observe quand un premier apprentissage facilite un second apprentissage. negative transfers positive transfer transfert positif Frank Arnould Mayes, A., Montaldi, D., & Migo, E. (2007). Associative memory and the medial temporal lobes. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11(3), 126-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2006.12.003 Moses, S. N., & Ryan, J. D. (2006). A comparison and evaluation of the predictions of relational and conjunctive accounts of hippocampal function. Hippocampus, 16(1), 43-65. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.20131 2017-12-04 2022-03-25 liage relationnel mémoire relationnelle relational binding Memory of the associations between the independent elements constituting an event or a scene (relationship between objects, between an object and its context, etc.). Mémoire des associations entre les éléments constituant un évènement ou une scène (relation entre les objets présents, entre un objet et son contexte...). relational memory souvenir relationnel Frank Arnould McGeoch, J.A. (1942). The psychology of human learning: An introduction. Longmans. 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 A mechanism used to explain the phenomenon of interference in memory, based on the idea of competition between memory traces. A cue fails to recover a memory because it is more strongly associated with another memory. Mécanisme invoqué pour expliquer le phénomène d’interférence en mémoire. Il repose sur l’idée de compétition entre traces mnésiques. Un indice échoue à récupérer un souvenir parce qu’il est plus fortement associé à un autre souvenir. associative blocking blocage associatif Frank Arnould Brandt, J., & Bakker, A. (2018). Neuropsychological investigation of “the Amazing Memory Man.” Neuropsychology, 32(3), 304–316. https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0000410 Ericsson, K. A., & Chase, W. G. (1982). Exceptional Memory: Extraordinary feats of memory can be matched or surpassed by people with average memories that have been improved by training. American Scientist, 70(6), 607–615. Luria, A. R. (1968). The mind of a mnemonist: A little book, about a vast memory (L. Solotaroff, Trans.). Basic Books. Mecacci, L. (2013). Solomon V. Shereshevsky: The great Russian mnemonist. Cortex, 49(8), 2260–2263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2013.05.007 Ramon, M., Miellet, S., Dzieciol, A. M., Konrad, B. N., Dresler, M., & Caldara, R. (2016). Super-memorizers are not super-recognizers. PLOS ONE, 11(3), e0150972. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150972 Santangelo, V., Macrì, S., & Campolongo, P. (2022). Superior memory as a new perspective to tackle memory loss. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 104828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104828 Stålhammar, J., Nordlund, A., & Wallin, A. (2015). An example of exceptional practice effects in the verbal domain. Neurocase, 21(2), 162–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/13554794.2013.878727 2022-03-22 2023-09-04 athlète de la mémoire memory athlete memory champion super memorizer super mémorisateur superior memorist superior memorizer A person with exceptional memory performance, usually through memory training and the use of memory aids. Personne capable d’une performance mnésique exceptionnelle, généralement par l’entraînement de sa mémoire et par l’utilisation d’aides mnémotechniques. Athlètes de la mémoire memory athletes mnemonists super memorizers super mémorisateurs superior memorists superior memorizers mnemonist mnémoniste Frank Arnould Ecker, U. K. H., Lewandowsky, S., & Oberauer, K. (2014). Removal of information from working memory: A specific updating process. Journal of Memory and Language, 74, 77–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2013.09.003 Lewis‐Peacock, J. A., Kessler, Y., & Oberauer, K. (2018). The removal of information from working memory. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1424(1), 33-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13714 2018-05-24 2023-03-21 Processus de mise à jour de la mémoire de travail consistant à éliminer une information devenue inutile. Working memory updating process consisting of eliminating information that has become useless. information removal retrait d'une information Frank Arnould Schmidt, J. R. (2021). Apprentissage incident des associations simples de stimulus-réponse : revue de la recherche avec la tâche d’apprentissage de contingences couleur-mot: L’Année Psychologique, Vol. 121(2), 77‑127. https://doi.org/10.3917/anpsy1.212.0077 Schmidt, J. R., Augustinova, M., & De Houwer, J. (2018). Category learning in the color-word contingency learning paradigm. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(2), 658‑666. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1430-0 Schmidt, J. R., Crump, M. J. C., Cheesman, J., & Besner, D. (2007). Contingency learning without awareness : Evidence for implicit control. Consciousness and Cognition, 16(2), 421‑435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2006.06.010 2021-06-09 2023-09-04 Implicit learning task. "In the typical color-word contingency learning paradigm, participants respond to the print color of words where each word is presented most often in one color. Learning is indicated by faster and more accurate responses when a word is presented in its usual color, relative to another color." (Schmidt et al., 2018, p. 658). Tâche d'apprentissage implicite. « Dans cette procédure, un mot coloré est présenté à chaque essai aux participants. La tâche de ces derniers est d’ignorer le mot lui-même et de répondre à la couleur avec laquelle le mot est imprimé. Cela ressemble à une tâche de Stroop [...], sauf que les mots distracteurs ne sont en rien liés à la couleur (p. ex., des mots comme « bouge », « envoie » et « dis »). Point crucial, chaque mot est présenté le plus souvent dans une seule couleur (p. ex., « bouge » le plus souvent en bleu et rarement en vert ou en rouge, « envoie » le plus souvent en vert, etc.) [...] Ainsi, bien que les mots ne soient pas pertinents, ils sont informatifs de la couleur cible probable (et de la réponse). Ces contingences sont apprises comme l’indiquent des réponses plus rapides et plus précises aux stimuli de forte contingence (p. ex., « bouge » en bleu) par rapport aux stimuli de faible contingence (p. ex., « bouge » en rouge). » (Schmidt, 2021, p. 79-80) colour-word contingency learning task color-word contingency learning task tâche d’apprentissage de contingence couleur-mot Frank Arnould Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts. 2022-01-26 2023-09-04 variable interval reinforcement schedule variable interval schedule An interval schedule of reinforcement in which a behavior is reinforced based on the average time since it was last reinforced. Programme de renforcement à intervalle temporel au cours duquel un comportement est renforcé en fonction du temps moyen écoulé depuis le dernier renforcement. programme de renforcement à intervalle variable variable interval schedule of reinforcement Frank Arnould Blancheteau, M. (1995). L’apprentissage chez l’animal. Mardaga. Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts. 2022-02-01 2023-09-04 programme de renforcement fractionné programme à rapport ratio reinforcement schedule Programmes de renforcement qui « subordonnent la récompense d’une réponse à l’émission préalable d’un certain nombre de réponses non récompensées. » (Blancheteau, 1995, p. 68). Schedules of reinforcement that "condition the reward of a response on the prior delivery of a number of unrewarded responses." (Blancheteau, 1995, p. 68). programmes de renforcement fractionné ratio reinforcement schedules ratio schedules of reinforcement programme de renforcement à rapport ratio schedule of reinforcement Frank Arnould Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts. 2022-02-01 2023-09-04 programme de renforcement fractionné variable programme à rapport variable variable-ratio schedule Programme de renforcement fractionné dans lequel le renforcement est délivré après un nombre variable de réponses fluctuant autour d’une moyenne. Ratio schedule of reinforcement n which reinforcement is delivered after a variable number of responses fluctuating around an average. programme de renforcement à rapport variable variable ratio schedule of reinforcement Frank Arnould Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts. Schoenfeld, W. N., & Cole, B. K. (1975). What is a “schedule of reinforcement”? The Pavlovian Journal of Biological Science, 10(1), 52‑61. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03000622 Staddon, J. E. R., & Cerutti, D. T. (2003). Operant conditioning. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 115‑144. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145124 2022-01-25 2023-09-04 reinforcement schedule « Un programme de renforcement est une procédure qui délivre un renforcement à un organisme selon une règle bien définie. » (Staddon & Cerutti, 2003, p. 116). “A reinforcement schedule is any procedure that delivers a reinforcer to an organism according to some well-defined rule.“ (Staddon & Cerutti, 2003, p. 116). programmes de renforcement reinforcement schedules schedules of reinforcement programme de renforcement schedule of reinforcement Frank Arnould Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts. 2022-01-26 2023-09-04 interval reinforcement schedule A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement is delivered to a behavior after a certain time interval. Programme de renforcement dans lequel le renforcement est délivré à un comportement après un certain intervalle de temps. interval reinforcement schedules interval schedules of reinforcement programmes de renforcement à intervalle interval schedule of reinforcement programme de renforcement à intervalle Frank Arnould Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts. 2022-02-04 2023-09-04 intermittent reinforcement schedule partial reinforcement schedule partial schedule of reinforcement programme de renforcement partiel Programmes de renforcement qui ne renforcent qu'une partie des réponses émises par le sujet (Doré & Mercier, 1993, p. 195). Reinforcement schedules that reinforce only some of the responses given by the subject (Doré & Mercier, 1993, p. 195). intermittent reinforcement schedules intermittent schedules of reinforcement partial reinforcement schedules partial schedules of reinforcement programmes de renforcement interrmittent programmes de renforcement partiel intermittent schedule of reinforcement programme de renforcement intermittent Frank Arnould Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts. 2022-01-26 2023-09-04 continuous reinforcement schedule A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement is delivered each time a specific behavior is produced. Programme de renforcement dans lequel le renforcement est délivré chaque fois qu’un comportement spécifique est produit. continuous schedule of reinforcement programme de renforcement continu Frank Arnould Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts. 2022-01-26 2023-09-04 fixed interval reinforcement schedule fixed interval schedule An interval schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement is delivered to a behavior after a fixed time interval. Programme de renforcement à intervalle temporel dans lequel le renforcement est délivré à un comportement après un intervalle de temps fixe. fixed interval schedule of reinforcement programme de renforcement à intervalle fixe Frank Arnould Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts. 2022-02-01 2023-09-04 fixed-ratio schedule programme de renforcement fractionné fixe programme à rapport fixe Programme de renforcement fractionné au cours duquel le renforcement est délivré après un nombre fixe de réponses. Ratio schedule of reinforcement in which the reinforcement is delivered after a fixed number of responses. fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement programme de renforcement à rapport fixe Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-03-16 Task during which the subject learns the skill to read mirror words. Tâche durant laquelle le sujet apprend à lire des mots en miroir. mirror learning tâche de lecture en miroir Frank Arnould McDonough, L., Mandler, J. M., McKee, R. D., & Squire, L. R. (1995). The deferred imitation task as a nonverbal measure of declarative memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 92(16), 7580–7584. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.92.16.7580 Meltzoff, A. N. (2013). Infant imitation and memory: Nine-month-olds in immediate and deferred tests. 13. Piaget, J. (1936). La naissance de l'intelligence chez l'enfant. Delachaux & Nestlé. 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 deferred imitation imitation différée Method for studying infant memory. The experimenter performs an action and analyzes the infant's ability to reproduce the action after a delay. Méthode d'étude de la mémoire chez le nourrisson. L'expérimentateur effectue une action et analyse l'aptitude du bébé à la reproduire après un délai. deferred imitation tasks deferred imitations imitations différées tâches d'imitation différée deferred imitation task tâche d'imitation différée Kękuś, M., Polczyk, R., Ito, H., Mori, K., & Barzykowski, K. (2021). Is your memory better than mine? Investigating the mechanisms and determinants of the memory conformity effect using a modified MORI technique. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 35(6), 1621–1630. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3879 Mori, K., Ito, H., Lindsay, D. S., Luna, K., & Barzykowski, K. (2023, January 18). International Project for Assessing the Average Ratios of Conformity Frequencies among Co-witness Pairs by Utilizing the Standardized MORI Experimental Procedure. https://osf.io/j5f82 2023-06-19 Frank Arnould Cadavid, S., & Luna, K. (2021). Online co‐witness discussions also lead to eyewitness memory distortion: The MORI‐v technique. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 35(3), 621–631. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3785 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] French, L., Gerrie, M. P., Garry, M., & Mori, K. (2009). Evidence for the efficacy of the MORI technique: Viewers do not notice or implicitly remember details from the alternate movie version. Behavior Research Methods, 41(4), 1224–1232. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1224 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Garry, M., French, L., Kinzett, T., & Mori, K. (2008). Eyewitness memory following discussion : Using the MORI technique with a Western sample. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 22(4), 431‑439. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1376 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Ito, H., Barzykowski, K., Grzesik, M., Gülgöz, S., Gürdere, C., Janssen, S. M. J., Khor, J., Rowthorn, H., Wade, K. A., Luna, K., Albuquerque, P. B., Kumar, D., Singh, A. D., Cecconello, W. W., Cadavid, S., Laird, N. C., Baldassari, M. J., Lindsay, D. S., & Mori, K. (2019). Eyewitness memory distortion following co-witness discussion : A replication of Garry, French, Kinzett, and Mori (2008) in ten countries. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 8(1), 68‑77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2018.09.004 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed] Kękuś, M., Chylińska, K., Szpitalak, M., Polczyk, R., Ito, H., Mori, K., & Barzykowski, K. (2023). Reinforced self-affirmation as a method for reducing eyewitness memory conformity: An experimental examination using a modified MORI technique. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 37(3), 660–674. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4065 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Mori, K. (2003). Surreptitiously projecting different movies to two subsets of viewers. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 35(4), 599–604. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03195539 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Mori, K. (2007). A revised method for projecting two different movies to two groups of viewers without their noticing the duality. Behavior Research Methods, 39(3), 574–578. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193028 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-06-19 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human MORI procedure procédure MORI A technique for studying social influences on memory. “The technique allows people to watch different movies on the same screen at the same time without realizing that each of them sees something different. As a result, researchers can create a situation in which people feel as though they share an experience, but systematic differences are introduced into their memories, and the effect of those differences can be tracked through a discussion.” (French et al., 2009, p. 1224). Technique permettant d'étudier les influences sociales sur la mémoire. « Cette technique permet à des personnes de regarder simultanément des films différents sur le même écran sans se rendre compte que chacun d'entre eux voit quelque chose de distinct. Les chercheurs peuvent ainsi créer une situation dans laquelle les personnes ont l'impression de partager une expérience, mais des différences systématiques sont introduites dans leurs souvenirs, et l'effet de ces différences peut être suivi par le biais d'une discussion. » (French et al., 2009, p. 1224). MORI technique technique MORI Brown, N. R. (2005). On the prevalence of event clusters in autobiographical memory. Social Cognition, 23(1), 35–69. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.23.1.35.59194 Brown, N. R., & Schopflocher, D. (1998). Event clusters: An organization of personal events in autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 9(6), 470–475. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00087 Brown, N. R., & Schopflocher, D. (1998). Event cueing, event clusters, and the temporal distribution of autobiographical memories. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 12(4), 305–319. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199808)12:4<305::AID-ACP569>3.0.CO;2-5 2023-07-28 Frank Arnould 2023-07-28 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human event-cueing method event-cueing procedure event-cueing task event-cueing technique A method for studying the organization of autobiographical memory, particularly the embedding of a memory in an event cluster. The task involves asking participants to generate autobiographical memories from cue words (e.g., food, music, restaurant). These memories are then used as cues to recall other related memories. Participants are then asked to indicate the type of relationship between the cueing memory and the cued memory it elicited (e.g., do they involve the same person or persons? Is one event the cause of the other?) Finally, they are asked to put a date on each autobiographical memory and indicate its personal significance. Méthode d’étude de l’organisation de la mémoire autobiographique, tout particulièrement l’imbrication d’un souvenir dans un groupement d’événements (event cluster). La tâche consiste à demander aux participants de générer des souvenirs autobiographiques à partir de mots servant d’indice (par exemple, nourriture, musique, restaurant). Ces souvenirs servent ensuite d’indice pour rappeler d’autres souvenirs qui leur sont liés. Les participants doivent alors indiquer les types de relation qu’entretiennent le souvenir indice et le souvenir qu’il a suscité (par exemple, impliquent-ils la ou les mêmes personne(s) ? L’un des événements est-il la cause de l’autre ?). Ils doivent enfin dater chaque souvenir autobiographique et indiquer son importance personnelle. event-cueing paradigm paradigme d'indiçage événementiel 2023-06-27 Frank Arnould Corson, Y., & Verrier, N. (2013). Les faux souvenirs. De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Gudjonsson, G. H. (1984). A new scale of interrogative suggestibility. Personality and Individual Differences, 5(3), 303–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(84)90069-2 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Kassin, S. M., & Gudjonsson, G. H. (2004). The psychology of confessions: A review of the literature and issues. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 5(2), 33–67. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-1006.2004.00016.x [Document type: literature review / Access: free] 2023-07-21 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human GSS GSS GSS1 GSS1 GSS2 GSS2 A study method of interrogative suggestibility. Méthode d’étude de la sensibilité aux suggestions pendant un interrogatoire. "The Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale (Gudjonsson, 1984) is a memory-related instrument that assesses individual differences in interrogative suggestibility (there are two parallel forms, GSS 1 and GSS 2). This test involves reading a narrative paragraph to a subject, who then recalls the story, immediately and after a brief delay, and answers 20 memory questions including 15 that are subtly misleading. After receiving feedback indicating that he or she made several errors, the subject is retested, presumably for the purpose of obtaining a higher level of accuracy. Through this test-retest paradigm, researchers can measure the extent to which subjects exhibit a general shift in memory, as well as a tendency to yield to misleading questions in the first and second tests. Added together, these two scores are used to determine a subject’s Total Suggestibility" (Kassin et Gudjonsson, 2004, p. 19). La procédure utilisée dans l’Échelle de suggestibilité des Gudjonsson est la suivante : « Dans un premier temps, un court récit est lu aux participants qui doivent par la suite répondre à vingt questions, dont quinze sont suggestives. Ces questions permettent de calculer un score d'acquiescement (yield) à des questions trompeuses. Les sujets reçoivent ensuite un feed-back négatif à propos de leurs performances (« Vous avez commis des erreurs, je vais donc vous reposer les questions ») et les questions leur sont donc soumises de nouveau. Ici, c'est le nombre de changements de réponse entre les deux passations qui permet de calculer un score (shift). Les deux scores sont finalement additionnés afin d'obtenir un score final de suggestibilité interrogative. » (Corson & Verrier, 2013, p. 31). Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale Échelle de suggestibilité de Gudjonsson Barzykowski, K., & Niedźwieńska, A. (2016). The effects of instruction on the frequency and characteristics of involuntary autobiographical memories. PLOS ONE, 11(6), e0157121. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157121 Barzykowski, K., & Staugaard, S. R. (2016). Does retrieval intentionality really matter? Similarities and differences between involuntary memories and directly and generatively retrieved voluntary memories. British Journal of Psychology, 107(3), 519‑536. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12160 Schlagman, S., & Kvavilashvili, L. (2008). Involuntary autobiographical memories in and outside the laboratory : How different are they from voluntary autobiographical memories? Memory & Cognition, 36(5), 920‑932. https://doi.org/10.3758/MC.36.5.920 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-07-27 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human IMP tâche de vigilance viligance task A method for the study of involuntary memories. During a monotonous vigilance task (detecting the appearance of vertical lines among horizontal lines), subjects are asked to write down involuntary autobiographical memories that come to mind. During the vigilance task, participants are asked to ignore phrases (e.g., "going on holiday," "buttering bread") that are presented on the computer screen but are likely to trigger involuntary memories. Méthode d’étude des souvenirs involontaires. Au cours d’une tâche de vigilance monotone (détecter l’apparition de lignes verticales parmi des lignes horizontales), les sujets sont invités à noter les souvenirs autobiographiques involontaires qui leur viennent à l’esprit. Pendant la tâche de vigilance, les participants doivent ignorer des phrases (par exemple, « partir en vacances », « beurrer du pain ») présentées à l’écran, mais susceptibles de déclencher des souvenirs involontaires. Involuntary Memories Program programme des souvenirs involontaires Frank Arnould Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. 2018-09-13 2023-03-23 En conditionnement classique, procédure consistant à présenter le stimulus conditionnel avant le stimulus inconditionnel. In classical conditioning, the procedure consisting of presenting the conditioned stimulus before the unconditioned stimulus. conditionnement antérograde forward conditioning Frank Arnould Tulving, E. (1985). How many memory systems are there? American psychologist, 40(4), 385‑398. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.40.4.385 2017-12-04 2023-03-24 On parle d'indépendance stochastique lorsque l'on peut montrer que la performance pour un item dans une tâche de mémoire est différente de la performance pour ce même item dans une autre tâche de mémoire (c.-à-d., la performance à la tâche 1 ne prédit pas la performance à la tâche 2.) L'indépendance stochastique est utilisée comme argument de dissociations entre différents systèmes de mémoire. Stochastic independence is when it can be shown that performance on an item in one memory task is different from performance on the same item in another memory task (i.e., performance on task 1 does not predict performance on task 2.) Stochastic independence is used as an argument for dissociating different memory systems. indépendance stochastique stochastic independence Frank Arnould Rundus, D. (1971). Analysis of rehearsal processes in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 89(1), 63-77. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031185 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 A method developed by Rundus (1971) to study how subjects mentally rehearse items they are learning by asking them to memorize aloud the items on a list presented one after the other. Méthode mise au point par Rundus (1971) pour étudier la manière dont les sujets répètent mentalement les éléments qu'ils sont en train de mémoriser. Elle consiste à leur demander de mémoriser à voix haute les items de la liste qui leur sont présentés l'un après l'autre. overt-repetition technique technique de répétition à voix haute Frank Arnould Stromeyer, C. F., & Psotka, J. (1970). The detailed texture of eidetic images. Nature, 225(5230), 346-349. https://doi.org/10.1038/225346a0 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 A method of studying visual memory. Two visual stimuli are presented successively. Individually, each stimulus has no meaning. However, if combined, they represent a recognizable object. The experimenter asks the subject to superimpose the first stimulus on the second during its presentation. The memory of the first stimulus is confirmed if the subject recognizes the object after the fusion of the two stimuli. Méthode d'étude de la mémoire visuelle. Deux stimuli visuels sont présentés successivement. Isolément, chaque stimulus n'a pas de signification. Par contre, s'ils sont combinés, ils représentent un objet reconnaissable. L'expérimentateur demande au sujet de superposer le premier stimulus sur le second pendant sa présentation. La mémoire du premier stimulus est confirmée si le sujet reconnait l'objet après fusion des deux stimuli. fusion method méthode de fusion Frank Arnould Richardson-Klavehn, A., & Bjork, R. A. (1988). Measures of memory. Annual review of psychology, 39(1), 475–543. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.39.020188.002355 2017-12-04 2023-04-03 Dans un test indirect de la mémoire, l'influence d'une tâche cognitive sur la mémoire est évaluée indirectement, sans référence à des événements passés dans les instructions. In indirect tests of memory, the influence of a cognitive task on memory is assessed indirectly, without reference to past events in instructions. These tests concern implicit memory. indirect tests of memory tests indirects de la mémoire indirect test of memory test indirect de la mémoire Bergstrom, Z. M., & Hu, X. (2019, August 28). Imagining a false alibi impairs concealed memory detection with the autobiographical Implicit Association Test. https://osf.io/wumdy Hu, X., & Bergstrom, Z. M. (2019, November 8). Suppressing Unwanted Autobiographical Memories Reduces Their Automatic Influences: Evidence from Electrophysiology and an Implicit Autobiographical Memory Test. https://osf.io/ptmqx Marsh, R., Dorahy, M. J., Verschuere, B., & Huntjens, R. (2018, September 6). Transfer of episodic autobiographical memory across amnesic identities in Dissociative Identity Disorder using the Autobiographical Implicit Association Test. https://osf.io/c6g7d Verschuere, B., & Kleinberg, B. (2016, September 17). Assessing autobiographical memory: The web-based autobiographical Implicit Association Test (web-aIAT). Retrieved fromhttps://osf.io/swp27 Frank Arnould 2021-11-15 Agosta, S., & Sartori, G. (2013). The autobiographical IAT : A review. Frontiers in Cognitive Science, 4, 519. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00519 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Greenwald, A. G., McGhee, D. E., & Schwartz, J. L. K. (1998). Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition : The implicit association test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(6), 1464‑1480. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1464 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Sartori, G., Agosta, S., Zogmaister, C., Ferrara, S. D., & Castiello, U. (2008). How to accurately detect autobiographical events. Psychological Science, 19(8), 772–780. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02156.x [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Takarangi, M. K. T., Strange, D., Shortland, A. E., & James, H. E. (2013). Source confusion influences the effectiveness of the autobiographical IAT. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 20(6), 1232‑1238. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-013-0430-3 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Takarangi, M. K. T., Strange, D., & Houghton, E. (2015). Event familiarity influences memory detection using the aIAT. Memory, 23(3), 453‑461. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2014.902467 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Verschuere, B., Prati, V., & De Houwer, J. (2009). Cheating the lie detector : Faking in the autobiographical Implicit Association Test. Psychological Science, 20(4), 410‑413. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02308.x [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Verschuere, B., & Kleinberg, B. (2017). Assessing autobiographical memory : The web-based autobiographical Implicit Association Test. Memory, 25(4), 520‑530. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2016.1189941 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-04 aIAT autobiographical IAT Adaptation du Test d’association implicite de Greenwald et al. (1998), qui permettrait de détecter, à partir de mesures implicites (temps de réaction), la véracité de souvenirs autobiographiques. Adaptation of Greenwald et al's (1998) Implicit Association Test, used to detect the veracity of autobiographical memories from implicit measures (reaction times). Autobiographical Implicit Association Test Test d’association implicite autobiographique Frank Arnould Tulving, E. (1985). How many memory systems are there? American psychologist, 40(4), 385‑398. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.40.4.385 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 dissociation fonctionnelle functional dissociation Functional independence is when it can be shown that one variable affects one memory task but not another. Functional independence is used as an argument for the existence of separate memory systems. On parle d'indépendance fonctionnelle lorsque l'on peut montrer qu'une variable affecte une tâche de mémoire, mais pas une autre. L'indépendance fonctionnelle est utilisée comme argument de l'existence de systèmes de mémoire distincts. dissociations fonctionnelles functional dissociations indépendances fonctionnelles functional independence indépendance fonctionnelle Frank Arnould Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. 2018-09-05 2023-04-03 Procedure in classical conditioning in which the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus, of equal duration, are presented at the same time. Procédure de conditionnement classique au cours de laquelle le stimulus conditionnel et le stimulus inconditionnel, d'une durée équivalente, sont présentés en même temps. conditionnement simultané simultaneous conditioning Frank Arnould 2018-12-03 2023-03-24 entrevue interview A conversation to collect specific information from an individual. Conversation destinée à recueillir des informations précises auprès d'une personne. entretiens entrevues interviews interviews entretien interview Frank Arnould Rescorla, R. A. (1980). Pavlovian second-order conditioning. Psychology Press. ​ 2018-10-01 2023-03-15 conditionnement d'ordre supérieur higher-order conditioning A classical conditioning procedure in which a conditioned stimulus (e.g. a sound) is initially capable of producing a conditioned response (e.g. salivation of a dog) after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus (food). Then, the first conditioned stimulus is paired with a neutral stimulus (for example, the sound is associated with the presentation of a light). Second order conditioning is established if this second stimulus then elicits the conditioned response (salivation). Procédure de conditionnement classique durant laquelle, dans un premier temps, un stimulus conditionnel (par exemple, un son) est capable de produire une réponse conditionnée (par exemple, la salivation d'un chien) après avoir été couplé à un stimulus inconditionnel (de la nourriture). Puis, le premier stimulus conditionnel est couplé à un stimulus neutre (par exemple, le son est associé à la présentation d'une lumière). Le conditionnement de second ordre est établi si ce second stimulus déclenche ensuite la réponse conditionnée (salivation). conditionnements d'ordre supérieur conditionnements de second ordre conditionnement de second ordre second-order conditioning Frank Arnould 2018-05-25 2023-04-03 tâche tampon A task placed between the acquisition phase and the test phase of memory, for example, to prevent subjects from mentally rehearsing material that has been studied. Tâche insérée entre la phase d’acquisition et la phase de test de la mémoire, par exemple, pour empêcher les sujets de répéter mentalement le matériel qui a été étudié. distractor tasks tâches distractrices tâches tampon distractor task tâche distractrice Frank Arnould Donders, F. C. (1868/1969). On the speed of mental processes. Acta Psychologica, 30, 412–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6918(69)90065-1 Donders, F.C. (1868/2001). La vitesse des actes psychiques. Psychologie et Histoire, 2, 188-204. https://sites.google.com/site/psychologieethistoire/DONDERS.HTM Smith, E. E. (1968). Choice reaction time: An analysis of the major theoretical positions. Psychological Bulletin, 69(2), 77–110. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0020189 2018-11-07 2023-03-23 complex reaction time compound reaction time temps de réaction complexe Dans une tâche de temps de réaction de choix, le sujet doit répondre différemment et le plus rapidement possible à différentes classes de stimuli (par exemple, appuyer sur la touche W d’un clavier pour les stimuli rouges et sur la touche X pour les stimuli verts). In a choice reaction time task, the subject is asked to respond differently and as quickly as possible to different classes of stimuli (e.g., by pressing the W key on a keyboard for red stimuli and the X key for green stimuli). choice reaction time temps réaction de choix choice reaction time task tâche de temps de réaction de choix Frank Arnould Berntsen, D. (1996). Involuntary autobiographical memories. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 10(5), 435–454. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199610)10:5%3C435::AID-ACP408%3E3.0.CO;2-L 2019-05-13 2022-02-21 Le sujet est invité à consigner dans un journal personnel les souvenirs autobiographiques involontaires qui lui viennent à l'esprit. The subject is asked to record in a diary the involuntary autobiographical memories that come to mind. involuntary memory diary method ​ méthode du journal des souvenirs involontaires ​ Frank Arnould Bliss, J. C., Crane, H. D., Mansfield, P. K., & Townsend, J. T. (1966). Information available In brief tactile presentations. Perception & Psychophysics, 1(4), 273–283. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03207391 Darwin, C. J., Turvey, M. T., & Crowder, R. G. (1972). An auditory analogue of the Sperling partial report procedure: Evidence for brief auditory storage. Cognitive Psychology, 3(2), 255-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(72)90007-2 Sperling, G. (1960). The information available in brief visual presentations. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 74(11), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0093759 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 Sperling's paradigm paradigme de Sperling partial report procedure procédure de report partiel report partiel Dans les études sur la mémoire sensorielle, technique demandant au sujet de rapporter une partie des informations qui ont été présentées. In sensory memory studies, a technique in which the subject is asked to report a subset of the items that were presented. Dans les expériences de Sperling (1960) sur la mémoire iconique, trois lignes de quatre lettres sont présentées brièvement au sujet qui doit ensuite rapporter soit la première, soit la deuxième, soit la troisième ligne en fonction d'un indice sonore (un son aigu pour la première ligne, un son médian pour la deuxième ligne et un son grave pour la troisième ligne). Cette méthode a permis de montrer que la mémoire iconique contient plus d'éléments que ne le laissait supposer le rapport complet des items. In Sperling's (1960) experiments on iconic memory, three lines of four letters were briefly presented to the subject who was then asked to report either the first, second, or third line according to a sound cue (a high-pitched sound for the first line, a mid-pitched sound for the second line, and a low-pitched sound for the third line). This method showed that iconic memory contains more items than the whole report of the items would suggest. partial report task tâche de rapport partiel Frank Arnould Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. 2018-09-10 2023-04-03 backward pairing conditionnement rétrograde A procedure in classical conditioning consisting of presenting the unconditioned stimulus before the conditioned stimulus. Procédure de conditionnement classique consistant à présenter le stimulus inconditionnel avant le stimulus conditionnel. conditionnements rétroactifs conditionnements rétrogrades backward conditioning ​ conditionnement rétroactif ​ Frank Arnould Donders, F. C. (1868/1969). On the speed of mental processes. Acta Psychologica, 30, 412–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6918(69)90065-1 Donders, F.C. (1868/2001). La vitesse des actes psychiques. Psychologie et Histoire, 2, 188-204. https://sites.google.com/site/psychologieethistoire/DONDERS.HTM 2018-11-07 2022-05-18 Dans une tâche de temps de réaction simple, le sujet doit répondre le plus rapidement possible à une classe de stimuli (par exemple, en appuyant sur une touche d’un clavier à l’apparition d’un son). In a simple reaction time task, the subject is asked to respond as quickly as possible to a class of stimuli (for example, by pressing a key on a keyboard when a sound appears). simple reaction time simple reaction time tasks simple reaction times temps de réaction simple tâches de temps de réaction simple simple reaction time task tâche de temps de réaction simple 2023-06-22 Frank Arnould Frowd, C. D., Bruce, V., Smith, A. J., & Hancock, P. J. B. (2008). Improving the quality of facial composites using a holistic cognitive interview. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 14(3), 276–287. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-898X.14.3.276 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Frowd, C.D., Nelson, L., Skelton, F., Noyce, R., Atkins, R., Heard, P., Morgan, D., Fields, S., Henry, J., McIntyre, A., & Hancock, P. J. B. (2012). Interviewing techniques for darwinian facial-composite systems. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 26(4), 576–584. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2829 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-07-21 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human H-CI holistic-CI Adaptation de l'entretien cognitif pour faciliter la description des personnes afin d'améliorer la qualité des portraits-robots. Aux consignes habituelles de l'entretien cognitif sont ajoutés des jugements sur la personnalité de l'individu décrit, encourageant le traitement holistique du visage. Adaptation of the Cognitive Interview to facilitate the description of persons in order to improve the quality of facial composites. Judgements about the personality of the person being described are added to the usual cognitive interview instructions, to encourage holistic processing of the face. Entretien cognitif holistique Holistic Cognitive Interview Kucina, T., Sauer, J. D., Holt, G. A., Brewer, N., & Palmer, M. A. (2020). Refining the blank line‐up procedure: How should we instruct eyewitnesses? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 34(6), 1419–1429. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3719 Palmer, M. A., Brewer, N., & Weber, N. (2012). The information gained from witnesses’ responses to an initial “blank” lineup. Law and Human Behavior, 36(5), 439–447. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0093939 2023-06-20 Frank Arnould 2023-06-20 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human blank lineup blank lineup procedure parade d'identification vide procédure de tapissage vide séance d'identification vide tapissage vide "Prior to showing the witness a line-up that contains the police suspect (the real line-up), the witness is shown an additional line-up that contains only known to be innocent fillers (the blank line-up). This procedure was designed as a method of screening witnesses in terms of the reliability of their identification decisions. Witnesses who choose from the blank line-up (initial choosers) can be screened out as poor witnesses who tend to pick from line-ups too liberally and likely have poor memories of the culprit. Those who reject the blank line-up (initial non-choosers) can be regarded as relatively reliable." (Kucina et al., 2020, p. 1419). « Avant de présenter au témoin une parade d'identification contenant le suspect (tapissage véritable), on lui présente une autre parade d'identification contenant uniquement des figurants innocents (tapissage vide). Cette procédure est conçue comme une méthode de sélection des témoins en fonction de la fiabilité de leurs décisions d'identification. Les témoins qui effectuent un choix dans le tapissage vide (les sélectionneurs initiaux) peuvent être éliminés en tant que témoins peu fiables, ayant tendance à choisir une personne dans la parade de manière trop libérale et ayant probablement de mauvais souvenirs du coupable. Ceux qui rejettent le tapissage vide (les non-sélectionneurs initiaux) peuvent être considérés comme relativement fiables. » (Kucina et al., 2020, p. 1419). blank line-up blank line-up procedure blank police line-up procedure blank police lineup procedure procédure de tapissage de police vide 2023-06-22 Frank Arnould Frowd, C. D., Erickson, W. B., Lampinen, J. M., Skelton, F. C., McIntyre, A. H., & Hancock, P. J. B. (2015). A decade of evolving composites: Regression- and meta-analysis. Journal of Forensic Practice, 17(4), 319–334. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFP-08-2014-0025 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Frowd, C. D. (2021). Forensic facial composites. In A. M. Smith, M. P. Toglia, & J. M. Lampinen (Eds.), Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks (pp. 34–64). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003138105-5 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Sporer, S. L., Tredoux, C. G., Vredeveldt, A., Kempen, K., & Nortje, A. (2020). Does exposure to facial composites damage eyewitness memory? A comprehensive review. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 34(5), 1166–1179. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3705 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Tredoux, C. G., Sporer, S. L., Vredeveldt, A., Kempen, K., & Nortje, A. (2021). Does constructing a facial composite affect eyewitness memory? A research synthesis and meta-analysis. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 17(4), 713–741. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-020-09432-z [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed] Zahradníková, B., Duchovičová, S., & Schreiber, P. (2018). Facial composite systems: Review. Artificial Intelligence Review, 49(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-016-9519-1 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-06-26 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human composite face composite image of a face face composite Dans une enquête judiciaire, un portrait-robot est une représentation visuelle du visage d’une personne, réalisée à l’aide d’un croquis d’artiste, de systèmes mécanisés ou informatisés, sur la base des souvenirs d’un témoin oculaire ou d’une victime. In a criminal investigation, a facial composite is a visual representation of a person's face, created using an artist's sketch, or mechanized/computerized systems based on the memory of an the eyewitness or victim. composite faces composite image of the face composite images of a face composite images of the face face composites facial composites portraits-robots facial composite portrait-robot 2023-06-13 Frank Arnould Lindsay, R. C., & Wells, G. L. (1985). Improving eyewitness identifications from lineups : Simultaneous versus sequential lineup presentation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 70(3), 556‑564. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.70.3.556 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] McQuiston-Surrett, D., Malpass, R. S., & Tredoux, C. G. (2006). Sequential vs simultaneous lineups: A review of methods, data, and theory. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 12(2), 137–169. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.12.2.137 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-06-13 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human parade d'identification séquentielle sequential line-up sequential lineup séance d'identification séquentielle tapissage séquentiel A police lineup procedure in which the members of the lineup (suspect and fillers) are presented one by one to the witness or victim who is thus in a better position to compare each face directly with his or her memory of the perpetrator. The procedure ends when the witness or victim has made a positive identification. Procédure de tapissage de police durant laquelle les membres de la parade (suspect et figurants innocents) sont présentés l’un après l’autre au témoin ou à la victime qui seraient alors plus à même de comparer chaque visage directement avec leur souvenir du malfaiteur. La procédure se termine dès que le témoin ou la victime a effectué une identification positive. parades d'identification séquentielles sequential line-ups sequential lineups sequential police line-ups sequential police lineups séances d'identification séquentielles tapissages de police séquentiels tapissages séquentiels sequential police lineup tapissage de police séquentiel 2023-06-22 Frank Arnould Py, J., & Demarchi, S. (2006). Utiliser l’entretien cognitif pour décrire et détecter les criminels. Revue Québécoise de Psychologie, 27(3), 197-215. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-07-21 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human ECADP A modified version of the cognitive interview to improve the description of persons (Py & Dermarchi, 2006). The procedure begins by presenting the witness with three mnemonic aids. The first two are taken from the original version of the cognitive interview: the "recall everything" instruction (the witness is asked to report as much information as possible, including elements about which he or she is uncertain or considers unimportant) and the "context reinstatement" instruction (the witness is encouraged to think back to the environmental and emotional elements present at the moment of the crime). A holistic processing instruction is added, which encourages the witness to "recall the person in a global way and to evoke the impressions and feelings he or she had when seeing the offender" (p. 201). The first recall after these instructions is followed by a description of the person from the side. Finally, the witness is asked to answer various questions about the physical characteristics of the perpetrator, which are generally reported with accuracy. Version modifiée de l’entretien cognitif spécialement développée pour améliorer la description des personnes (Py & Dermarchi, 2006). La procédure débute par la présentation au témoin de trois aides mnémotechniques. Les deux premières sont issues de la version originale de l’entretien cognitif : le rappel exhaustif (le témoin est invité à rapporter le plus grand nombre d’informations possible, même les éléments dont il est peu sûr ou qu’il juge peu importants), et la remise en contexte (le témoin est encouragé à repenser aux éléments environnementaux et émotionnels présents au moment du crime). Une consigne de traitement holistique est ajoutée incitant le témoin « à se remémorer la personne de façon globale et à évoquer l’impression et les sentiments qu’il a ressentis en la voyant, à qui ou à quoi elle lui a fait penser, quelle était l’expression de son visage, etc. » (p. 201). Le premier rappel faisant suite à ces consignes est suivi par la description de profil de la personne. Le témoin doit enfin répondre à différentes questions portant sur des caractéristiques physiques rapportées généralement avec grande précision. Cognitive Interview for Person Description Entretien cognitif adapté à la description des personnes 2023-06-13 Frank Arnould Lindsay, R. C., & Wells, G. L. (1985). Improving eyewitness identifications from lineups : Simultaneous versus sequential lineup presentation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 70(3), 556‑564. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.70.3.556 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] McQuiston-Surrett, D., Malpass, R. S., & Tredoux, C. G. (2006). Sequential vs simultaneous lineups: A review of methods, data, and theory. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 12(2), 137–169. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.12.2.137 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-06-13 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human parade d'identification simultanée simultaneous line-up simultaneous lineup séance d'identification simultanée tapissage simultané Police line-up procedure in which the members of the parade (suspect and fillers) are presented at the same time to the witness or victim. Procédure de tapissage de police dans laquelle les membres de la parade (suspect et figurants innocents) sont présentés en même temps au témoin ou à la victime. parades d'identification simultanées simultaneous line-ups simultaneous lineups simultaneous police line-ups simultaneous police lineups séances d'identification simultanées simultaneous police lineup tapissage de police simultané 2023-06-29 Frank Arnould Fernandes, D., Gomes, J. P., Albuquerque, P. B., & Matos, M. (in press). Forensic interview techniques in child sexual abuse cases: A scoping review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 15248380231177316. https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380231177317 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Smith, K., & Shaw, G. (2022). Achieving best evidence in criminal proceedings: Guidance on interviewing victims and witnesses, and guidance on using special measures. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/achieving-best-evidence-in-criminal-proceedings [Document type: literature review / Access: open] 2023-06-29 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human ABE interview ABE investigative interview protocol ABE model ABE protocol L'entretien ABE (Achivieving Best Evidence) est un « guide contenant des recommandations pour identifier les besoins des témoins ou victimes vulnérables, pour planifier et préparer l'entretien, pour mener l'entretien et pour préparer les victimes à la procédure judiciaire. L'entretien est généralement structuré en deux phases principales : (1) l'établissement d'un rapport de confiance avec la personne et (2) le rappel libre suivi d'un questionnement ouvert. » (Fernandes et al., à paraître). The Achivieving Best Evidence (ABE) interview is a "guidance with recommendations to identify the needs of vulnerable witnesses or victims, to plan, and prepare for the interview, to conduct the interview, and to prepare victims for the court process. The interview is typically structured in two major phases: (1) rapport building and (2) free recall followed by open-ended questioning." (Fernandes et al., in press). Achieving Best Evidence interview Entretien visant à obtenir les meilleures preuves 2023-06-29 Frank Arnould Bull, R., Valentine, T., & Williamson, T. (Eds.). (2009). Handbook of psychology of investigative interviewing: Current developments and future directions. Wiley-Blackwell. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Dickinson, J. J., Compo, N. S., Carol, R., Schwartz, B. L., & McCauley, M. (Eds.). (2019). Evidence-based investigative interviewing: Applying cognitive principles. Routledge [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Griffiths, A., & Milne, R. (Eds.). (2018). The psychology of criminal investigation: From theory to practice. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Kelly, C. E., Miller, J. C., Redlich, A. D., & Kleinman, S. M. (2013). A taxonomy of interrogation methods. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 19(2), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030310 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Meissner, C. A. (2021). “What works?” Systematic reviews and meta‐analyses of the investigative interviewing research literature. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 35(2), 322–328. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3808 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Meissner, C., Kleinman, S., Mindthoff, A., Phillips, E., & Rothweiler, J. (2023). Investigative interviewing: A review of the literature and a model of science-based practice. In D. DeMatteo & K. C. Scherr (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of psychology and law (pp. 582-C34P175). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197649138.013.34 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Tudor-Owen, J., Golde, C. van, Bull, R., & Gee, D. (Eds.). (2022). Interviewing vulnerable suspects. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Verkampt, F., Dodier, O., Milne, R., & Ginet, M. (2021). An analysis of the quality of investigative interviews with children in France: Age of the witness does matter. Police Practice & Research: An International Journal, 22(2), 1130–1154. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2019.1658581 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Walsh, D., Oxburgh, G. E., Redlich, A. D., & Myklebust, T. (Eds.). (2017). International developments and practices in investigative interviewing and interrogation: Volume 1: victims and witnesses. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Walsh, D., Oxburgh, G. E., Redlich, A. D., & Myklebust, T. (Eds.). (2017). International developments and practices in investigative interviewing and interrogation: Volume 2: Suspects. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human audition de la victime audition du témoin entretien auprès de la victime entretien auprès du témoin entretien d’investigation entrevue auprès de la victime entrevue auprès du témoin entrevue avec la victime entrevue avec le témoin entrevue d’enquête entrevue d’investigation forensic interview forensic interviewing interrogation interrogatoire investigative interviewing procédure d’audition "Investigative interviewing involves the systematic questioning of individuals for the purpose of collecting detailed and accurate accounts of a situation or event that supports a broader investigative conclusion" (Meissner, 2021, p. 322). « L’entretien d'enquête consiste à interroger systématiquement des personnes dans le but de recueillir des récits détaillés et précis d'une situation ou d'un événement, afin d'étayer une conclusion d'enquête plus large » (Meissner, 2021, p. 322). auditions des témoins auditions des victimes entretiens d'enquête entretiens d'investigation entrevues auprès de la victime entrevues auprès du témoin entrevues d'investigation forensic interviews interrogations investigative interviews entretien d’enquête investigative interview Frank Arnould 2020-06-08 Gudjonsson, G. H., & MacKeith, J. A. C. (1982). False confessions. Psychological effects of interrogation. A discussion paper. In A. Trankell (Ed.), Reconstructing the past: The role of psychologists in criminal trials (pp. 53–269). Kluwer. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Gudjonsson, G. H. (2003). The psychology of interrogations and confessions: A handbook. John Wiley & Sons. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Gudjonsson, G. (2017). Memory distrust syndrome, confabulation and false confession. Cortex, 87, 156–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2016.06.013 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Zhang, Y., Battista, F., Thissen, D., Otgaar, H., Wang, J., & Jelicic, M. (2022). Examining the associations between nonbelieved memories and memory distrust, self-esteem, and rumination. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000344 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-07-20 « un état dans lequel les personnes développent une profonde méfiance à l'égard de leurs souvenirs, ce qui les rend particulièrement susceptibles de se fier à des indices et suggestions extérieurs » (Gudjonsson, 2003, p. 196). “A condition where people develop profound distrust of their memory recollections, as a result of which they are particularly susceptible to relying on external cues and suggestions“ (Gudjonsson, 2003, p. 196). memory distrust syndrome syndrome de méfiance mnésique IANI’, F. (2020, January 16). Children’s Kinematic False Memories. https://osf.io/ja6k2/ Frank Arnould 2020-09-15 Ianì, F., Mazzoni, G., & Bucciarelli, M. (2018). The role of kinematic mental simulation in creating false memories. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 30(3), 292‑306. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2018.1426588 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Ianì, F., Limata, T., Bucciarelli, M., & Mazzoni, G. (2020). Children’s kinematic false memories. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 32(5‑6), 479‑493. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2020.1796686 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 False memory of the continuation of an action that was not observed. Faux souvenir de la suite d'une action qui n'a pas été observée. faux souvenir cinétique kinematic false memory Frank Arnould Chiu, Y.-C., & Egner, T. (2015). Inhibition-induced forgetting when more control leads to less memory. Psychological Science, 26(1), 27-38. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614553945 2017-12-04 2022-04-27 Quand les réponses à des stimuli doivent être inhibées, la mémoire de ces stimuli est détériorée. When responses to stimuli are to be inhibited, memory of these stimuli is impaired. inhibition-induced forgetting oubli induit par l'inhibition Abel, M. (2019, June 11). Retrieval-induced forgetting in a social context: Do the same mechanisms underly forgetting in speakers and listeners? https://osf.io/y9q37/ Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Abel, M., & Bäuml, K.-H. T. (2020). Retrieval-induced forgetting in a social context: Do the same mechanisms underlie forgetting in speakers and listeners? Memory & Cognition, 48(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00957-x [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Cuc, A., Koppel, J., & Hirst, W. (2007). Silence is not golden: A case for socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting. Psychological Science, 18(8), 727 733. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01967.x [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Hirst, W., & Coman, A. (2018). Building a collective memory : The case for collective forgetting. Current Opinion in Psychology, 23, 88‑92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.02.002 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-06-28 SS-RIF rappel socialement partagé induisant l'oubli La récupération sélective d'informations au cours d'une discussion peut induire l'oubli d'autres informations associées. Ce phénomène se manifeste aussi bien chez la personne qui parle que chez la personne qui écoute la conversation. Selective retrieval of information during a conversation can cause related information to be forgotten. This phenomenon occurs in both the person speaking and the person listening to the conversation. oubli induit par la récupération socialement partagé socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting Baddeley, A. D., Atkinson, A. L., Hitch, G. J., & Allen, R. J. (2021). Detecting accelerated long-term forgetting : A problem and some solutions. Cortex, 142, 237‑251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2021.03.038 Laverick, T., Evans, S., Freeston, M., & Baddeley, A. (2021). The use of novel measures to detect Accelerated Long-term forgetting in people with epilepsy: The Crimes Test and Four Doors Test. Cortex, 141, 144–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2021.03.024 2023-05-29 Frank Arnould 2023-05-29 Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Psychologie Psychology Homme Human A method for studying accelerated long-term forgetting that “address the problem that each successive test may interfere with the memory of the event being tested. Depending on conditions, such effects can be substantial and may be either positive or negative. The Crimes and Four Doors Tests tackle this problem by presenting easily memorised episodes or scenes, from which a different sample of features is tested at each delay by telephone.” (Laverick et al., 2021, p. 144). Méthode d’étude de l’oubli accéléré à long terme qui « traite le fait que chaque test successif peut interférer avec la mémoire de l’événement testé. Selon les conditions, ces effets peuvent être substantiels et peuvent être positifs ou négatifs. Le Test des crimes et des quatre portes aborde ce problème en présentant des épisodes ou des scènes faciles à mémoriser, à partir desquels un échantillon différent de caractéristiques est testé à chaque délai par téléphone. » (Laverick et al., 2021, p. 144). Crimes and Doors Test Crimes and Doors Test Test des crimes et des quatre portes Frank Arnould Sternberg, R. J., & Tulving, E. (1977). The measurement of subjective organization in free recall. Psychological bulletin, 84(3), 539. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.84.3.539 Tulving, E. (1962). Subjective organization in free recall of “unrelated” words. Psychological Review, 69(4), 344–354. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043150 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 Organisation propre que le sujet impose à une liste d'items qu'il rappelle librement. Personal organization of a list of items in a free recall task. organisation subjective subjective organization Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 Le sujet mémorise tout d'abord une liste de mots puis est invité à s'en souvenir dans l'ordre qu'il souhaite. La procédure est répétée plusieurs fois, l'ordre de présentation des mots dans la liste étant différent d'un essai à l'autre. The subject first learns a list of words and is then asked to remember them in the order he/she wants. The procedure is repeated several times, with the order of presentation of the words in the list varying from trial to trial. multitrial free recall task tâche de rappel libre à essais multiples Frank Arnould Bjork, R. A., & Whitten, W. B. (1974). Recency-sensitive retrieval processes in long-term free recall. Cognitive Psychology, 6(2), 173-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(74)90009-7 Tzeng, O. J. L. (1973). Positive recency effect in a delayed free recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 12(4), 436-439. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(73)80023-4 2017-12-04 2023-03-20 continual distraction paradigm continual-distractor free recall task continuous-distractor free recall task through-list distractor procedure Method for investigating the long-term recency effect. Participants are asked to memorize items and to perform a distraction task (for example, an arithmetic task) between each presentation of the items. The distraction task is designed to prevent mental repetition of the items. The final free recall test is also delayed by a distracting task. Méthode d'étude de l'effet de récence à long terme. Les participants doivent mémoriser des items et exécuter une tâche de distraction (par exemple, une tâche d'arithmétique) entre chaque présentation d'items. La tâche de distraction a pour objectif d'empêcher la répétition mentale des items. Le test final de rappel libre est aussi différé par une tâche de distraction. continuous-distractor paradigm paradigme de distraction continue Frank Arnould Underwood, B. J. (1948). « Spontaneous recovery » of verbal associations. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38(4), 429-439. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0059565 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 Method for studying the retroactive interference effect. The subjects learn a first list of A-B pairs, and the first member of each pair is used a cue to retrieve the response associated with it. They then learn a second list of pairs of stimuli A-C, wherein the same cues as in the first list are associated with different responses. At the time of testing, the experimenter presents the cues and subjects are asked to recall the first answer that comes to mind (which may be B, C or an intrusion). Méthode d’étude de l’interférence rétroactive. Les sujets mémorisent une première liste de paires de stimuli de type A-B, le premier élément de chaque paire servant d’indice pour récupérer la réponse qui lui est associée. Ils mémorisent ensuite une seconde liste de paires de stimuli A-C, dans laquelle les mêmes indices que dans la première liste sont associés à des réponses différentes. Au moment du test, l’expérimentateur présente l’indice et les sujets doivent rappeler la première réponse qui leur vient à l’esprit (qui peut donc être B, C ou une intrusion). modified free recall procedure procédure de rappel libre modifié Frank Arnould Crowder, R. G. (1967). Prefix effects in immediate memory. Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie, 21(5), 450-461. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0082997 Crowder, R. G., & Morton, J. (1969). Precategorical acoustic storage (PAS). Perception & Psychophysics, 5(6), 365–373. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03210660 Dallett, K. M. (1967). « Primary memory »: The effects of redundancy upon digit repetition. Psychonomic Science, 3(1), 237-237. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03343114 2017-12-04 2023-03-27 Dans un test de rappel immédiat, interférence produite par le dernier stimulus d'une liste que l'on demande au sujet d'ignorer, perturbant l'effet de récence lorsque la modalité de présentation des items est auditive. In an immediate recall test, the interference produced by the last stimulus in a list, which the subject is asked to ignore, disrupts the recency effect when the modality of presentation of the items is auditory. effet du suffixe suffix effect Frank Arnould Craik, F. I. M. (1970). The fate of primary memory items in free recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 9(2), 143–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(70)80042-1 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 Les participants à l'expérience doivent apprendre plusieurs listes d'items. À la fin de chaque liste, un test de rappel immédiat est effectué. On observe un effet de récence pour chaque liste individuelle. Toutefois, lorsqu'à la fin de l'expérience un test de rappel porte sur l'ensemble des items de toutes les listes, les items qui occupaient les positions terminales dans chacune des listes sont alors moins bien rappelés : c'est l'effet de récence négatif (Craik, 1970). Participants in the experiment are asked to learn several lists of items. At the end of each list, an immediate recall test is administered. A recency effect occurs for each individual list. However, at the end of the experiment, when the subjects are asked to recall the items from all the lists, the items at the end of each list are harder to recall (Craik, 1970). effet de récence négatif negative recency effect Frank Arnould Baddeley, A. D., Hitch, G. J., & Dornic,, S. (1977). Recency re-examined. In Attention and Performance VI (p. 647-667). Lawrence Erlbaum. Bjork, R. A., & Whitten, W. B. (1974). Recency-sensitive retrieval processes in long-term free recall. Cognitive Psychology, 6(2), 173-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(74)90009-7 2017-12-04 2022-03-31 Effet de récence en mémoire à long terme montrant que dans un test de mémoire différé, les sujets se souviennent mieux des évènements récents. In a delayed memory test, better retention of recent events. effet de récence à long terme long-term recency effect Frank Arnould Kahana, M. J., Howard, M. W., Zaromb, F., & Wingfield, A. (2002). Age dissociates recency and lag recency effects in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(3), 530-540. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.28.3.530 2017-12-04 2021-08-10 Dans le rappel des items d'une liste, les intrusions d'items de listes antérieures proviennent des listes les plus récentes. In the recall of a list items, intrusions from prior lists come from the more recent lists. effet de récence des intrusions intrusion recency effect 2023-03-06 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Homme Human Aged 18 years et over. Âgé de 18 ans ou plus. adultes adults adult adulte 2023-03-06 Frank Arnould 2023-09-04 individu par âge individual by age individuals by age individus par âge personnes par âge persons by age person by age personne par âge 2023-03-06 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Homme Human Adult aged 40 to 59 years. Adulte âgé de 40 à 59 ans. adultes d'âge moyen middle-aged adults adulte d'âge moyen middle-aged adult 2023-03-06 2023-09-04 aged individual aged person elderly individu âgé old adult old person older adult older individual older person personne âgée quatrième âge senior sénior troisième âge Adult 60 years of age and over. Adulte âgé de 60 ans ou plus. aged adults aged individuals aged persons individus âgés older adults older individuals older persons personnes âgées seniors séniors adulte âgé aged adult 2023-03-06 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Homme Human younger adult Adult aged 18 to 39 years. Adulte âgé de 60 ans ou plus. jeunes adultes young adults younger adults adulte jeune young adult 2023-03-06 2023-09-04 Aged 1 to 24 months. Âgé de 1 à 24 mois. infants nourrissons infant nourrisson 2023-03-06 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Homme Human Aged 2 to 13 years. Âgé de 2 à 13 ans. children enfants child enfant 2023-03-06 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Homme Human adolescence adolescence Aged 13 to 17 years. Âgé de 13 à 17 ans. adolescents adolescents adolescent adolescent 2023-03-06 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Homme Human nouveau-née Aged 0 to 1 month. Âgés de 0 à 1 mois. newborns nouveau-nées nouveau-nés newborn nouveau-né Frank Arnould Gollwitzer, P. (1993). Goal achievement : The role of intentions. European review of social psychology, 4, 141–185. https://doi.org/10.1080/14792779343000059 Gollwitzer, P. M., & Brandstätter, V. (1997). Implementation intentions and effective goal pursuit. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(1), 186‑199. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.73.1.186 2020-11-25 2023-09-04 Intentions qui « relient un comportement orienté vers un objectif à un contexte situationnel anticipé. » (Gollwitzer, 1993, p. 141). Ce type d’intentions prend la forme générale suivante : « réaliser l’action x quand la situation y apparait ». Intentions that "link an intended goal-directed behavior to an anticipated situational context." (Gollwitzer, 1993, p. 141). This type of intention can be formulated as: "performing action x when the situation y occurs". implementation intentions intentions d'implémentation implementation intention intention d'implémentation Frank Arnould Metcalfe, J., & Kornell, N. (2005). A region of proximal learning model of study time allocation. Journal of Memory and Language, 52(4), 463–477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2004.12.001 2017-12-04 2022-01-12 Jugement métamnésique basé sur la vitesse de prise d'information : lorsque le sujet juge que l'apprentissage s'effectue selon un taux rapide, l'apprentissage continue. Lorsqu'il juge que la prise d'information ne s'effectue plus, il stoppe l'apprentissage et passe à un autre item (Metcalfe & Kornell, 2005). Perception of the rate at which learning is progressing (Metclafe & Kornell, 2005). judgement of the rate of learning judgements of the rate of learning judgments of the rate of learning jugements du taux d'apprentissage judgment of the rate of learning jugement du taux d'apprentissage Frank Arnould Barton, J. J. S., Davies-Thompson, J., & Corrow, S. L. (2021). Prosopagnosia and disorders of face processing. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 178, 175–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821377-3.00006-4 Bodamer, J. (1947). Die prosopagnosie. Archiv für Psychiatrie und Ner-venkrankheiten, 179, 6-54. Traduit par Ellis, H.D., & Florence, M. (1990). Cognitive Neuropsychology, 7(2), 81-105. https://doi.org/10.1080/02643299008253437 2017-12-04 2022-03-30 Prosopagnosia due to an acquired brain injury in people not suffering from face recognition difficulties before the onset of the disease. Prosopagnosie due à une lésion acquise du cerveau chez des personnes ne souffrant pas de difficulté de reconnaissance des visages avant le début de la maladie. acquired prosopagnosia prosopagnosie acquise Frank Arnould Barton, J. J. S., Davies-Thompson, J., & Corrow, S. L. (2021). Prosopagnosia and disorders of face processing. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 178, 175–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821377-3.00006-4 Bodamer, J. (1947). Die Prosopagnosie. Archiv fur Psychiatrie und Zeitschrift fur Neurologie, 179, 6–54. Lahiri, D. (2020). Prosopagnosia. Cortex, 132, 479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.08.010 Quaglino, A., & Borelli, G. (1867). Emiplegia sinistra con amaurosiguarigione-perdita totale della percezione dei colouri e della memoria della configurazione degli oggetti. Giornale d’Oftalmologia Italiano, 10, 106–117. 2017-12-04 2023-03-21 agnosia for face agnosie de reconnaissance des visages agnosie des visages cécité aux visages face blindness facial recognition agnosia "Prosopagnosia means inability to recognize faces, the term deriving from the Greek prosopon (face) and gnosis (knowledge), and refers to a condition that was first observed as a consequence of brain lesions (acquired prosopagnosia). The term is also used to refer to a graded but clearly disproportionate difficulty to recognize faces in the absence of a neurological damage (developmental prosopagnosia)." (Lahiri, 2020, p. 479). « La prosopagnosie signifie l'incapacité à reconnaître les visages, le terme dérivant du grec prosopon (visage) et gnosis (connaissance), et désigne une affection qui a été observée pour la première fois à la suite de lésions cérébrales (prosopagnosie acquise). Le terme est également utilisé pour désigner une difficulté graduelle mais clairement disproportionnée à reconnaître les visages en l'absence d'une lésion neurologique (prosopagnosie développementale). » (Lahiri, 2020, p. 479). agnosia for faces face-blindness prosopagnosias prosopagnosies prosopagnosia prosopagnosie Cook, R. (2019, January 21). Does developmental prosopagnosia impair identification of other-ethnicity faces? https://osf.io/yck8s/ Krill, D., Pertzov, Y., & Pertzov, Y. (2020, April 14). Rapid forgetting of faces in congenital prosopagnosia - data. https://osf.io/j47w2/ Stumps, A., & DeGutis, J. (2020, April 29). Characterizing developmental prosopagnosia beyond face perception: Impaired recollection but intact familiarity recognition. https://osf.io/dah4n/ Tsantani, M., & Cook, R. (2020, September 17). Evidence of holistic face processing in developmental prosopagnosia. https://osf.io/qw9z6/ Tsantani, M., & Cook, R. (2022, January 27). Emotion recognition of masked faces in developmental prosopagnosia. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/CNMW5 Tsantani, M., & Cook, R. (2022, March 22). Normal recognition of famous voices in developmental prosopagnosia. https://osf.io/da2xu/ Frank Arnould Barton, J. J. S., Davies-Thompson, J., & Corrow, S. L. (2021). Prosopagnosia and disorders of face processing. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 178, 175–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821377-3.00006-4 Cook, R., & Biotti, F. (2016). Developmental prosopagnosia. Current Biology, 26(8), R312–R313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2016.01.008 Duchaine, B. (2011). Developmental prosopagnosia: Cognitive, neural, and developmental investigations. In A. J. Calder, M. H. Johnson, & J. V. Haxby (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Face Perception (p. 821-838). Oxford University Press. McConachie, H. R. (1976). Developmental prosopagnosia. A single case report. Cortex, 12(1), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-9452(76)80033-0 2017-12-04 2022-04-25 congenital prosopagnosia hereditary prosopagnosia prosopagnosie congénitale prosopagnosie héréditaire "Developmental prosopagnosia, also known as congenital prosopagnosia or ‘face blindness’, is a lifelong condition that affects individuals’ ability to recognise faces. Unlike cases of acquired prosopagnosia, where people encounter face recognition difficulties as an adult following a stroke or traffic accident, individuals with developmental prosopagnosia develop recognition problems in the absence of manifest brain injury. Individuals with developmental prosopagnosia experience difficulties recognising faces despite normal intelligence, memory, and typical low-level vision." (Cook & Biotti, 2016, p. R312). « La prosopagnosie développementale, également connue sous le nom de prosopagnosie congénitale ou "cécité des visages", est une affection qui dure toute la vie et qui altère la capacité des individus à reconnaître les visages. Contrairement aux cas de prosopagnosie acquise, où les personnes rencontrent des difficultés de reconnaissance des visages à l'âge adulte à la suite d'un accident vasculaire cérébral ou d'un accident de la route, les personnes atteintes de prosopagnosie développementale présentent des problèmes de reconnaissance en l'absence de lésion cérébrale manifeste. Les personnes atteintes de prosopagnosie développementale éprouvent des difficultés à reconnaître les visages malgré une intelligence, une mémoire et une acuité visuelle normales. » (Cook & Biotti, 2016, p. R312). developmental prosopagnosia prosopagnosie développementale 2023-03-13 Hugenberg, K., Young, S. G., Bernstein, M. J., & Sacco, D. F. (2010). The categorization-individuation model : An integrative account of the other-race recognition deficit. Psychological Review, 117(4), 1168‑1187. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020463 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Zhang, L., Zhou, G., Pu, X., & Hayward, W. G. (2011). Inconsistent individual personality description eliminates the other-race effect. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 18(5), 870‑876. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-011-0127-4 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] 2023-09-05 CIM A model developed to explain the own-race bias in face recognition (Hygenberg et al., 2010), according to which own-race faces are better recognized because they tend to be individuated; other-race faces are less well recognized because attention is focused on the common features of these faces (e.g. skin tone). The focus of attention on individuated or categorical features of faces is also thought to depend on motivational factors (incentives to individuate other-race faces should eliminate the bias) and on the person's prior experience individuating other-race faces. Modèle développé pour expliquer le biais inter-ethnique dans la reconnaissance des visages selon lequel les visages provenant du groupe social d’appartenance (par exemple, le groupe d'appartenance ethnique) sont mieux reconnus, car ils ont tendance à être individualisés ; ceux issus d’un groupe social différent sont moins bien reconnus, car l'attention se porterait surtout sur les caractéristiques communes de ces visages (par exemple, la couleur de peau). L'orientation de l'attention sur les caractéristiques individuelles ou catégorielles des visages dépendrait aussi de facteurs motivationnels (des incitations à individualiser les visages d'une autre ethnie devraient éliminer le biais) et de l'expérience passée des personnes à individualiser les visages du groupe social différent. categorization-individuation model modèle de catégorisation-individualisation Frank Arnould Moulin, C. J. A. (2013). Disordered recognition memory: Recollective confabulation. Cortex, 49(6), 1541-1552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2013.01.010 2017-12-04 2022-03-08 Memory disorder in which patients produce confabulations to justify the persistent feeling that the present moment is the repetition of previous experiences. Trouble de la mémoire se manifestant chez les patients par des confabulations produites pour justifier des sensations persistantes que le moment présent est la répétition d'expériences déjà vécues. confabulations recollectives recollective confabulations confabulation recollective recollective confabulation Frank Arnould Williams, J. M. G. (2006). Capture and rumination, functional avoidance, and executive control (CaRFAX): Three processes that underlie overgeneral memory. Cognition and Emotion, 20(3–4), 548–568. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930500450465 2018-09-26 2023-03-24 Model describing the mechanisms underlying the retrieval of overgeneral autobiographical memories and prematurely interrupting the memory research process: capture of cognitive resources and rumination (CaR), functional avoidance (FA) and impaired executive control capacities (X). Modèle décrivant les mécanismes sous-tendant la récupération de souvenirs autobiographiques surgénéralisés et interrompant de manière prématurée le processus de recherche en mémoire : capture des ressources cognitives et rumination (CaR - Capture and rumination), évitement fonctionnel (FA - Functional Avoidance) et affaiblissement des capacités de contrôle exécutif (X). CARFAX model modèle CARFAX Bluck, S., Alea, N., Habermas, T., & Rubin, D. C. (2005). A tale of three functions: The self–reported uses of autobiographical memory. Social Cognition, 23(1), 91–117. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.23.1.91.59198 Bluck, S., & Alea, N. (2011). Crafting the TALE: Construction of a measure to assess the functions of autobiographical remembering. Memory, 19(5), 470–486. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2011.590500 Fritsch, A., Berna, F., Potheegadoo, J., & Cuervo-Lombard, C. (2021). Validation française du Thinking About Life Experiences (TALE), échelle évaluant les fonctions de la mémoire autobiographique. Revue de neuropsychologie, 13(3), 205–213. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2021.0678 2023-03-15 Frank Arnould 2023-04-03 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human TALE TALE questionnaire Thinking About Life Experiences Questionnaire measuring three functions of autobiographical memory: 1) social function (communication); 2) self-related function (identity); 3) directive function (problem solving). Questionnaire mesurant trois fonctions de la mémoire autobiographique : 1) fonction sociale (communication) ; 2) fonction liée au self (identité) ; 3) fonction directive (résolution de problèmes). Questionnaire de réflexions sur les expériences de vie Thinking About Life Experiences Questionnaire Harris, C. B., Rasmussen, A. S., & Berntsen, D. (2014). The functions of autobiographical memory: An integrative approach. Memory, 22(5), 559–581. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2013.806555 Webster, J. D. (1993). Construction and validation of the reminiscence functions scale. Journal of Gerontology, 48(5), P256–P262. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/48.5.P256 2023-03-15 Frank Arnould 2023-03-31 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human A 43-item questionnaire (Webster, 1993) “which measures the frequency with which people think and talk about the past for eight different functions: (1) Problem Solving, (2) Identity, (3) Conversation, (4) Boredom Reduction, (5) Intimacy Maintenance, (6) Death Preparation, (7) Teach/Inform, and (8) Bitterness Revival.“ (Harris et al., 2014, p. 561). Questionnaire de 43 items (Webster, 1993) « qui mesure la fréquence avec laquelle les personnes pensent et parlent du passé selon huit fonctions différentes : (1) résolution de problèmes, (2) identité, (3) conversation, (4) réduction de l'ennui, (5) maintien de l'intimité, (6) préparation à la mort, (7) enseigner/informer, et (8) reviviscence de l'amertume. » (Harris et al., 2014, p. 561). Reminiscence Functions Scale Échelle des fonctions de la réminiscence Frank Arnould Kopelman, M. D. (1994). The Autobiographical Memory Interview (AMI) in organic and psychogenic amnesia. Memory, 2(2), 211–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658219408258945 Kopelman, M. D., Wilson, B. A., & Baddeley, A. D. (1989). The autobiographical memory interview: A new assessment of autobiographical and personal semantic memory in amnesic patients. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 11(5), 724–744. https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638908400928 2022-05-05 2023-09-04 AMI Entretien semi-structuré permettant d’évaluer la mémoire autobiographique et la sémantique personnelle pour trois périodes de vie : enfance, début de l’âge adulte et vie récente. Semi-structured interview to assess autobiographical memory and personal semantics for three life periods: childhood, early adulthood and recent life. Autobiographical Memory Interview Entretien de mémoire autobiographique Frank Arnould Conway, M. A. (2005). Memory and the self. Journal of Memory and Language, 53(4), 594–628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2005.08.005 Conway, M. A., Singer, J. A., & Tagini, A. (2004). The self and autobiographical memory : Correspondence and coherence. Social Cognition, 22(5), 491‑529. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.22.5.491.50768 Demiray, B., & Bluck, S. (2011). The relation of the conceptual self to recent and distant autobiographical memories. Memory, 19(8), 975‑992. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2011.626427 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 self conceptuel "The conceptual self contains abstract knowledge that one knows about one’s self, such as self-characteristics, personality traits, attitudes, possible selves, and personal motives. The conceptual self influences the working self by shaping current goals, and thereby influencing the retrieval (i.e. construction at recall) of memories." (Demiray & Bluck, 2011, p. 976-977). « Le soi conceptuel contient les connaissances abstraites que l'on possède sur soi, telles que les particularités personnelles, les traits de personnalité, les attitudes, les sois possibles et les motivations personnelles. Le soi conceptuel influence le soi de travail en façonnant les objectifs actuels et en influençant ainsi la récupération (c'est-à-dire la construction au moment du rappel) des souvenirs. » Demiray & Bluck, 2011, p. 976-977). conceptual self soi conceptuel Frank Arnould Brown, N. R., Hansen, T. G. B., Lee, P. J., Vanderveen, S. A., & Conrad, F. G. (2012). Historically defined autobiographical periods: Their origins and implications. In D. Berntsen & D. C. Rubin (Eds.), Understanding Autobiographical Memory: Theories and Approaches (pp. 160–180). Cambridge University Press. Brown, N. R., Lee, P. J., Krslak, M., Conrad, F. G., G B Hansen, T., Havelka, J., & Reddon, J. R. (2009). Living in history: how war, terrorism, and natural disaster affect the organization of autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 20(4), 399–405. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02307.x 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 H-DAP Organisation de la mémoire autobiographique en périodes de vie à partir d'évènements publics ("pendant la guerre", "après l'attentat", "après le tremblement de terre"). The organization of autobiographical memory by life periods corresponding to public events ("during the war", "after the terrorist attack", "after the earthquake"). historically defined autobiographical periods périodes autobiographiques historiquement définies historically defined autobiographical period période autobiographique historiquement définie Frank Arnould Blagov, P. S. S., Jefferson A. (2004). Four dimensions of self-defining memories (specificity, meaning, content, and affect) and their relationships to self-restraint, distress, and repressive defensiveness. Journal of Personality, 72(3), 481-512. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00270.x Lardi, C., & Van der Linden, M. (2012). Les souvenirs définissant le soi : Les liens entre la mémoire des événements personnels et l’identité. In S. Brédart & M. Van Der Linden (Éds.), Identité et cognition : Apports de la psychologie et de la neuroscience cognitive. De Boeck Supérieur. Martinelli, P., & Piolino, P. (2009). Les souvenirs définissant le soi : dernier bastion de souvenirs épisodiques dans le vieillissement normal ? Psychologie & NeuroPsychiatrie du vieillissement, 7(3), 151–167. https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2009.0178 Wright, A. C., Moody, E., Browne, J., & Cather, C. (2022). Self-defining memories among persons with mental health, substance use, cognitive, and physical health conditions: A systematic review. Memory, 30(7), 823–844. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2042565 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 An autobiographical memory of strong personal significance that helps define who we are. Self-defining memories are emotionally intense, detailed, and vivid. They are the most representative of similar memories. They are regularly repeated and revolve around concerns and conflicts in our lives. Souvenir autobiographique d'une forte importance personnelle permettant de définir qui nous sommes. Les souvenirs définissant le soi sont émotionnellement intenses, détaillés et vivaces. Ils sont les plus représentatifs de souvenirs similaires. Ils sont régulièrement répétés et tournent autour de préoccupations et de conflits de notre vie. self-defining memories souvenirs définissant le soi self-defining memory souvenir définissant le soi Frank Arnould Ally, B. A., Hussey, E. P., & Donahue, M. J. (2013). A case of hyperthymesia : Rethinking the role of the amygdala in autobiographical memory. Neurocase, 19(2), 166–181. https://doi.org/10.1080/13554794.2011.654225 LePort, A. K. R., Mattfeld, A. T., Dickinson-Anson, H., Fallon, J. H., Stark, C. E. L., Kruggel, F., … McGaugh, J. L. (2012). Behavioral and neuroanatomical investigation of Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory (HSAM). Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 98(1), 78–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2012.05.002 Palombo, D. J., Sheldon, S., & Levine, B. (2018). Individual differences in autobiographical memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 22(7), 583–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2018.04.007 Parker, E. S., Cahill, L., & McGaugh, J. L. (2006). A case of unusual autobiographical remembering. Neurocase, 12(1), 35–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/13554790500473680 Patihis, L., Frenda, S. J., LePort, A. K. R., Petersen, N., Nichols, R. M., Stark, C. E. L., McGaugh, J. L., & Loftus, E. F. (2013). False memories in highly superior autobiographical memory individuals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201314373. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1314373110 Santangelo, V., Macrì, S., & Campolongo, P. (2022). Superior memory as a new perspective to tackle memory loss. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 104828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104828 Santangelo, V., Pedale, T., Colucci, P., Giulietti, G., Macrì, S., & Campolongo, P. (2021). Highly superior autobiographical memory in aging : A single case study. Cortex, 143, 267‑280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2021.05.011 2017-12-04 2023-03-14 HSAM MAHS hypermnésie autobiographique hyperthymesia hyperthymestic syndrome hyperthymésie syndrome de la mémoire autobiographique supranormale syndrome hyperthymésique Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory (HSAM) is an "ability in which individuals are able to recall events from their personal past, including the days and dates on which they occurred, with very high accuracy. [...]
 HSAM is distinct from other types of superior memory as participants with this ability perform autobiographical remembering without the apparent use of mnemonic skills." (LePort et al., 2012, p. 78). La mémoire autobiographique hautement supérieure (MAHS) est une « aptitude dans laquelle les individus sont capables de se rappeler des événements de leur passé personnel, y compris les jours et les dates auxquels ils se sont produits, avec une très grande précision. [...] La MAHS se distingue d'autres types de mémoire supérieure car les participants qui en sont dotés se souviennent d'événements autobiographiques sans utiliser apparemment de moyens mnémotechniques". (LePort et al., 2012, p. 78). highly superior autobiographical memory mémoire autobiographique hautement supérieure Frank Arnould Conway, M. A. (2005). Memory and the self. Journal of Memory and Language, 53(4), 594–628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2005.08.005 Conway, M. A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261–288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.261 2017-12-04 2020-10-16 identité exécutive self exécutif Assure la reconstruction d'un souvenir à partir de connaissances conceptuelles et de souvenirs épisodiques. Participe à la construction de l'identité personnelle. Reconstructs memories from conceptual knowledge and episodic memories. Participates in the construction of personal identity. self de travail working self Frank Arnould Fivush, R. (2009). Sociocultural perspectives on autobiographical memory. In M. L. Courage & N. Cowan (Eds.), The Development of Memory in Infancy and Childhood (p. 283-301). Psychology Press. Fivush, R. (2014). Maternal reminiscing style: The sociocultural construction of autobiographical memory across childhood and adolescence. In P. J. Bauer & R. Fivish (Eds.), The Wiley Handbook on The Development of Children’s Memory (p. 568-585). Wiley. Fivush, R., & Nelson, K. (2004). Culture and language in the emergence of autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 15(9), 573-577. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00722.x Fivush, R., Haden, C. A., & Reese, E. (2023). Parent–child autobiographical reminiscing as a foundation for literacy, memory, and science education. In R. Logie, N. Cowan, S. Gathercole, R. Engle, & Z. Wen (Eds.), Memory in Science for Society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 273–294). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192849069.003.0011 Wu, Y., & Jobson, L. (2019). Maternal reminiscing and child autobiographical memory elaboration: A meta-analytic review. Developmental Psychology, 55(12), 2505–2521. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000821 2017-12-04 2023-05-27 Les mères adoptant un style de réminiscence faiblement élaboré parlent peu du passé avec leur enfant. Quand c'est le cas, les questions sont spécifiques et redondantes. Elles répètent une question quand l'enfant ne répond pas ou bien passent à un autre aspect de l'évènement faisant l'objet de la discussion. Les conversations n'aboutissent pas à la construction d'un récit cohérent sur le passé. Mothers who use a low elaborative reminiscence style do not have a lot of conversations with their child about the past. When they do, their questions are specific and redundant. They repeat a question when the child does not respond or moves on to another aspect of the event being discussed. Such conversations do not lead to the construction of a coherent narrative about the past. low elaborative reminiscing style style de réminiscence faiblement élaboré Frank Arnould Fivush, R. (2009). Sociocultural perspectives on autobiographical memory. In M. L. Courage & N. Cowan (Eds.), The Development of Memory in Infancy and Childhood (p. 283-301). Psychology Press. Fivush, R. (2014). Maternal reminiscing style: The sociocultural construction of autobiographical memory across childhood and adolescence. In P. J. Bauer & R. Fivish (Eds.), The Wiley Handbook on The Development of Children’s Memory (p. 568-585). Wiley. Fivush, R., & Nelson, K. (2004). Culture and language in the emergence of autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 15(9), 573-577. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00722.x Fivush, R., Haden, C. A., & Reese, E. (2023). Parent–child autobiographical reminiscing as a foundation for literacy, memory, and science education. In R. Logie, N. Cowan, S. Gathercole, R. Engle, & Z. Wen (Eds.), Memory in Science for Society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 273–294). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192849069.003.0011 Léonard, C., Geurten, M., & Willems, S. (2020). L’influence du style de réminiscence parentale sur le développement des mémoires autobiographique et épisodique. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 12(3), 299‑307. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2020.0586 Wu, Y., & Jobson, L. (2019). Maternal reminiscing and child autobiographical memory elaboration: A meta-analytic review. Developmental Psychology, 55(12), 2505–2521. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000821 2017-12-04 2023-05-27 highly elaborative reminiscing style Les mères adoptant un style de réminiscence fortement élaboré parlent très fréquemment du passé avec leur enfant en lui posant de nombreuses questions. Elles intègrent ses réponses dans l'histoire en construction, l'encouragent à participer à la conversation et ajoutent leurs propres commentaires dans le récit. Ce style conversationnel aiderait l'enfant à mieux se souvenir du passé et à mieux organiser ses récits autobiographiques. Mothers who use a highly elaborative reminiscence style often talk with their child about the past by asking many questions. They incorporate the child's answers into the construction of the story, encourage participation in the conversation, and add their own comments to the story. This conversational style is thought to help children better remember the past and organize their autobiographical narratives. high elaborative reminiscing style style de réminiscence fortement élaboré Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 Bauer, P. J. (2015). A complementary processes account of the development of childhood amnesia and a personal past. Psychological Review, 122(2), 204–231. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038939 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Hayne, H., & Jack, F. (2011). Childhood amnesia. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 2(2), 136–145. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.107 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Henri, V., & Henri, C. (1896). Enquête sur les premiers souvenirs de l’enfance. L’Année Psychologique, 3(1), 184–198. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1896.1831 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Jack, F., & Hayne, H. (2007). Eliciting adults’ earliest memories : Does it matter how we ask the question? Memory, 15(6), 647‑663. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701467087 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Madsen, H. B., & Kim, J. H. (2016). Ontogeny of memory : An update on 40 years of work on infantile amnesia. Behavioural Brain Research, 298, 4–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2015.07.030 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] Miles, C. (1895). A study of individual psychology. The American Journal of Psychology, 6(4), 534-558. https://doi.org/10.2307/1411191 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Perret, P. (2011). L’amnésie infantile : les perspectives tirées de la psychologie développementale. Devenir, 23(4), 379–395. https://doi.org/10.3917/dev.114.0379 [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Peterson, C. (2021). What is your earliest memory? It depends. Memory, 29(6), 811‑822. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1918174 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open] Rubin, D. C. (2000). The distribution of early childhood memories. Memory, 8(4), 265‑269. https://doi.org/10.1080/096582100406810 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] Tustin, K., & Hayne, H. (2010). Defining the boundary : Age-related changes in childhood amnesia. Developmental Psychology, 46(5), 1049‑1061. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020105 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed] 2023-09-05 Antoine Bouyeure amnésie de l’enfance childhood amnesia infantile forgetting oubli infantile Inability to retrieve autobiographical memories from the earliest years of life. Some researchers distinguish between absolute infantile amnesia, with almost no memory up to 2 years of age, and relative infantile amnesia (also called childhood amnesia) up to 6-7 years of age which is characterized by sparse and incomplete memories. Incapacité à récupérer des souvenirs autobiographiques datant des toutes premières années de la vie. Certains chercheurs distinguent une amnésie infantile absolue, jusqu’à 2 ans, sans presque aucun souvenir, et une amnésie relative (dite aussi amnésie de l’enfance), jusque vers 6-7 ans, caractérisée par des souvenirs épars et incomplets. amnésie infantile infantile amnesia Frank Arnould Sperling, G. (1960). The information available in brief visual presentations. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 74(11), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0093759 2017-12-04 2021-07-16 magasin visuel précatégoriel mémoire sensorielle visuelle persistance visuelle precategorical visual store visual persistence visual sensory memory Mémoire sensorielle spécialisée dans les informations visuelles. Sensory memory for visual information. iconic memory mémoire iconique Frank Arnould Balota, D. A., & Lorch, R. F. (1986). Depth of automatic spreading activation: Mediated priming effects in pronunciation but not in lexical decision. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 12(3), 336-345. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.12.3.336 De Groot, A. M. B. (1983). The range of automatic spreading activation in word priming. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22(4), 417-436. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(83)90273-6 2017-12-04 2023-03-22 amorçage médiatisé mediated priming Forme d'amorçage sémantique entre deux mots qui ne sont pas directement reliés sémantiquement, mais partageant un associé (par exemple, LION-RAYURES, médiateur TIGRE). Type of semantic priming between words that are not directly semantically related but share an associate (e.g., LION-STRIPES mediator TIGER). effet d'amorçage médiatisé mediated priming effect Frank Arnould Giffard, B., Desgranges, B., Kerrouche, N., Piolino, P., & Eustache, F. (2003). The hyperpriming phenomenon in normal aging: A consequence of cognitive slowing? Neuropsychology, 17(4), 594-601. https://doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.17.4.594 Giffard, B., Desgranges, B., Nore-Mary, F., Lalevée, C., Sayette, V. de la, Pasquier, F., & Eustache, F. (2001). The nature of semantic memory deficits in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain, 124(8), 1522-1532. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/124.8.1522 Giffard, B., Desgranges, B., Nore‐Mary, F., Lalevée, C., Beaunieux, H., Sayette, V. de la, … Eustache, F. (2002). The dynamic time course of semantic memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease: clues from hyperpriming and hypopriming effects. Brain, 125(9), 2044-2057. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awf209 2017-12-04 2021-06-25 hyperamorçage hyperpriming Augmentation de l'effet d'amorçage sémantique qui a pu être observée, dans certains cas, dans la démence de type Alzheimer ou le vieillissement normal. Increase of the semantic priming effect observed in Alzheimer's disease and normal aging. effet d'hyperamorçage hyperpriming effect Frank Arnould Davis, S. W., Dennis, N. A., Daselaar, S. M., Fleck, M. S., & Cabeza, R. (2008). Que PASA? The Posterior-Anterior Shift in Aging. Cerebral Cortex, 18(5), 1201-1209. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhm155 2017-12-04 2023-05-27 PASA PASA Posterior-Anterior Shift in Aging Model of cognitive aging. Aging increases activation in the prefrontal cortex while decreasing activation in the occipital cortex during cognitive tasks, particularly in memory tasks (working memory, encoding and retrieval in episodic memory). The high recruitment of the prefrontal cortex in the elderly is thought to be an indicator of their attempts to compensate for their cognitive difficulties. Modèle du vieillissement cognitif. Avec l'avancée en âge, augmentation de l'activation dans le cortex préfrontal et baisse de l'activation dans le cortex occipital pendant la réalisation de tâches cognitives, et en particulier dans des tâches de mémoire (mémoire de travail, codage et récupération en mémoire épisodique). Le recrutement plus prononcé du cortex préfrontal chez les personnes âgées serait un indicateur de leurs tentatives de compensation de leurs difficultés cognitives. Posterior-Anterior Shift in Ageing PASA Model modèle PASA 2023-03-07 Frank Arnould 2023-04-12 Multidisciplinaire Multidisciplinary Animal Animal Homme Human cognitive ageing cognitive aging vieillissement cognitif Frank Arnould Delaney, P. F., Nghiem, K. N., & Waldum, E. R. (2009). The selective directed forgetting effect: Can people forget only part of a text?: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470210902770049 2020-06-02 2023-09-04 Dans certaines circonstances, moins bonne performance de la mémoire pour certains éléments d’une liste que le sujet a été convié d’oublier. In some conditions, poorer memory performance for some items on a list that the subject has been asked to forget. effet d'oubli dirigé sélectif selective directed forgetting effect Frank Arnould Storm, B. C., & Patel, T. N. (2014). Forgetting as a consequence and enabler of creative thinking. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40(6), 1594-1609. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000006 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Phénomène découvert pendant l'étude des relations entre mémoire et pensée créative. Le fait de générer de nouveaux usages à des objets peut provoquer l'oubli des usages étudiés précédemment. The phenomenon discovered during the study of the relationship between memory and creative thinking. The fact of generating new uses for objects can cause previously studied uses to be forgotten. oubli induit par la pensée thinking-induced forgetting Frank Arnould Barnes, J. M., & Underwood, B. J. (1959). “Fate” of first-list associations in transfer theory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58(2), 97–105. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0047507 2017-12-04 2023-03-28 Modified Modified Free Recall Les sujets doivent apprendre une première liste de paires de stimuli A-B. Ils étudient ensuite une liste de paires A-C. Puis on leur présente les stimuli A et ils doivent rappeler à la fois les stimuli B et C dans n'importe quel ordre. Plus la liste A-C est maîtrisée, moins les items B seront rappelés et plus les items C seront mieux récupérés (Barnes et Underwood, 1959). Cette procédure est censée éliminer la compétition entre les réponses B et C au moment du rappel. Subjects are asked to study a first list of A-B pairs of stimuli. They then study a list of A-C pairs. They are subsequently presented with stimulus A and asked to remember both stimuli B and C in any order. The more the A-C list is mastered, the less the B items are recalled and the more the C items are recalled (Barnes and Underwood, 1959). This procedure is designed to eliminate competition between responses B and C at the time of recall. MMFR procedure procédure MMFR Frank Arnould Melton, A. W., & Irwin, J. M. (1940). The influence of degree of interpolated learning on retroactive inhibition and the overt transfer of specific responses. The American Journal of Psychology, 53(2), 173-203. https://doi.org/10.2307/1417415 2017-12-04 2022-04-01 Processus par lequel l’association entre un indice et une réponse est affaiblie par l’apprentissage d’une association entre cet indice et une nouvelle réponse. The process by which the association between a cue and a response is weakened by learning an association between that cue and a new response. associative unlearning désapprentissage associatif Frank Arnould Abelson, R. (1981). Psychological status of the script concept. American Psychologist, 36(7), 715–729. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.36.7.715 Bower, G. H., Black, J. B., & Turner, T. J. (1979). Scripts in memory for text. Cognitive Psychology, 11(2), 177–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(79)90009-4 Schank, R.C., & Abelson, R.P. (1977). Scripts, plans, goals and understanding: An inquiry into human knowledge structures. Erlbaum. 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Représentation schématique de situations consistant en une organisation de séquences stéréotypées d'actions (Shank et Abelson, 1977). Schematic representation of situations by an organization of stereoptyped sequences of actions. scenari scripts scénarios script scénario Frank Arnould McGeoch, J. A. (1932). Forgetting and the law of disuse. Psychological Review, 39(4), 352–370. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0069819 Thorndike, E. L. (1913). Educational psychology: The psychology of learning (Vol. 2). Teachers College, Columbia University. 2017-12-04 2022-02-11 loi de l'abandon loi de la non-utilisation « Lorsqu'une connexion modifiable n'est pas établie entre une situation et une réponse pendant un certain temps, la force de cette connexion diminue. » (Thorndike, 1913, p. 4). “When a modifiable connection is not made between a situation and a response during a length of time, that connection’s strength is decreased.“ (Thorndike, 1913, p. 4). En 1932, le psychologue John McGeoch montra les limites de cette loi. Des associations acquises peuvent persister même si elles ne sont pas utilisées. Par exemple, après extinction d’un conditionnement et une période de repos, le stimulus conditionné retrouve en partie son action sur la réponse conditionnée. Le phénomène de réminiscence est une autre exception à la loi évoquée par McGeogh. Quand la mémoire est testée à plusieurs reprises, les personnes peuvent se souvenir de nouvelles informations qu’elles n’avaient pas rappelées dans les tests précédents. De plus, l’usage d’associations acquises peut, dans certains cas, conduire à leur affaiblissement. In 1932, the psychologist John McGeoch showed the limits of this law. Acquired associations can persist even if they are not used. For example, after the extinction of a conditioning and a period of rest, the conditioned stimulus regains some of its action on the conditioned response. The phenomenon of reminiscence is another exception to the law mentioned by McGeogh. When memory is tested repeatedly, people may recall new information that they had not recalled in previous tests. Moreover, the use of acquired associations can, in some cases, lead to their weakening. law of disuse loi de l'inutilisation Frank Arnould Eakin, D. K. (2005). Illusions of knowing : Metamemory and memory under conditions of retroactive interference. Journal of Memory and Language, 52(4), 526‑534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2005.01.009 2017-12-04 2022-04-04 POK prédiction de savoir A metamemory judgment whereby a subject predicts his or her memory performance on a subsequent recall test (Eakin, 2005). Jugement métamnésique consistant à prédire sa performance mnésique dans un futur test de rappel (Eakin, 2005). predictions of knowing prédictions de connaissance prédictions de savoir prediction of knowing prédiction de connaissance Frank Arnould Nelson, T. O., & Narens, L. (1990). Metamemory: A theoretical framework and new findings. In G. Bower (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 26, pp. 125–173). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60053-5 Underwood, B. J. (1966). Individual and group predictions of item difficulty for free learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71(5), 673-679. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023107 2017-12-04 2022-04-04 "predictions about what will be easy/difficult to learn, either in terms of which items will be easiest or in terms of which strategies will make learning easiest." (Nelson & Narens, 1990, p. 130). « prédictions sur ce qui sera facile/difficile à apprendre, portant soit sur les items jugés les plus faciles, soit sur les stratégies facilitant l'apprentissage. » (Nelson & Narens, p. 130). ease of learning facilité d'apprentissage Frank Arnould Tauber, S. K., & Rhodes, M. G. (2012). Measuring memory monitoring with judgements of retention (JORs). Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 65(7), 1376-1396. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.656665 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 JOR Jugement métamnésique consistant à prédire la durée de rétention d'une information. Metamemory judgment consisting in predicting the retention duration of information. judgement of retention judgements of retention judgments of retention jugements de rétention judgment of retention jugement de rétention Frank Arnould Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11(6), 671–684. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80001-X 2017-12-04 2021-10-08 traitement de type I type I processing Dans la théorie des niveaux de traitement, type de répétition mentale consistant simplement à maintenir actifs des éléments en mémoire. In levels of processing theory, type of rehearsal consisting of simply keeping items active in memory. maintenance rehearsal répétition de maintien Frank Arnould Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11(6), 671–684. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80001-X 2017-12-04 2021-08-10 traitement de type II type II processing Dans la théorie des niveaux de traitement, type de répétition au cours de laquelle s'effectue un traitement profond (sémantique) des items. In levels of processing theory, type of rehearsal during which deep (semantic) processing of items is performed. elaborative rehearsal répétition élaborée Frank Arnould Reber, R., & Schwarz, N. (1999). Effects of perceptual fluency on judgments of truth. Consciousness and Cognition, 8(3), 338–342. https://doi.org/10.1006/ccog.1999.0386 2017-12-04 2023-04-19 Judgment of the ease with which items are perceived. Perceptual fluency can be used by the subjects as an indicator of the item familiarity. Jugement de la facilité avec laquelle sont perçus des items. La fluence perceptive peut être utilisée par les sujets comme un indicateur de la familiarité des items. fluence perceptive perceptual fluency Frank Arnould Benjamin, A. S., & Bjork, R. A. (1996). Retrieval fluency as a metacognitive index. In L. M. Reder (Ed.), Implicit Memory and Metacognition (p. 309-338). Erlbaum. Benjamin, A. S., Bjork, R. A., & Schwartz, B. L. (1998). The mismeasure of memory: when retrieval fluency is misleading as a metamnemonic index. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 127(1), 55–68. https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-3445.127.1.55 Kelley, C. M., & Rhodes, M. G. (2002). Making sense and nonsense of experience: Attributions in memory and judgment. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 41, p. 293-320). Academic Press. 2017-12-04 2021-09-07 Judgment of the ease with which information comes to mind when trying to find it in memory. Fluency of retrieval can be used as a not always relevant metacognitive cue for the accuracy of the information recollected: the more retrieval is supposed to be easy, the more information is said to be correct. Jugement de la facilité avec laquelle une information vient à l'esprit lorsqu'on essaye de la retrouver en mémoire. La fluence de la récupération peut être utilisée comme un indice métacognitif, pas toujours pertinent, de l'exactitude de l'information recouvrée : plus la récupération serait facile, plus l'information serait correcte. fluence de la récupération retrieval fluency Frank Arnould Beiner, G. (2014). Probing the boundaries of Irish memory : From postmemory to prememory and back. Irish Historical Studies, 39(154), 296‑307. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021121400019106 Hirsch, M. (2014a). Presidential Address 2014—Connective Histories in Vulnerable Times. PMLA, 129(3), 330‑348. https://doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2014.129.3.330 Hirsch, M. (2014b). Postmémoire. Témoigner. Entre histoire et mémoire. Revue pluridisciplinaire de la Fondation Auschwitz, 118, 205‑206. https://doi.org/10.4000/temoigner.1274 2020-10-05 2023-09-04 "The relationship that later generations or distant contemporary witnesses bear to the personal, collective, and cultural trauma of others—to experiences they 'remember' or know only by means of stories, images, and behaviors" (Hirsch, 2014a). « Le terme de postmémoire décrit la relation que la « génération d’après » entretient avec le trauma culturel, collectif et personnel vécu par ceux qui l’ont précédée, il concerne ainsi des expériences dont cette génération d’après ne se « souvient » que par le biais d’histoires, d’images et de comportements parmi lesquels elle a grandi . » (Hirsch, 2014b). post-mémoire postmemory postmémoire Frank Arnould Huk, A. C., Dougherty, R. F., & Heeger, D. J. (2002). Retinotopy and functional subdivision of human areas MT and MST. The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 22(16), 7195–7205. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.22-16-07195.2002 Watson, J. D. G., Myers, R., Frackowiak, R. S. J., Hajnal, J. V., Woods, R. P., Mazziotta, J. C., … Zeki, S. (1993). Area V5 of the human brain: Evidence from a combined study using Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Cerebral Cortex, 3(2), 79–94. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/3.2.79 2017-12-04 2021-07-15 Region of the brain located in the inferior temporal sulcus, involved in the perception and memory of movements. It is composed of the sub-region MT (middle temporal area), involved in the processing of motion in the contralateral visual field, and the subregion MST (medial superior temporal area), involved in the processing of motion in the contralateral and ipsilateral fields. Région du cerveau, localisée dans le sulcus temporal inférieur, impliquée dans la perception et la mémoire des mouvements. Elle est composée de la sous-région MT (middle temporal area), intervenant dans le traitement du mouvement dans le champ visuel controlatéral, et la sous-région MST (medial superior temporal area), intervenant dans le traitement du mouvement dans les champs controlatéral et ipsilatéral. MT+ area aire MT+ Frank Arnould Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. 2018-09-05 2023-04-03 A procedure in classical conditioning consisting of separating the conditioned stimulus from the unconditioned stimulus by a time interval. Procédure de conditionnement classique consistant à séparer par un intervalle de temps le stimulus conditionnel du stimulus inconditionnel. conditionnement de trace trace conditioning Frank Arnould Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille. 2018-09-13 2021-08-10 En conditionnement classique, procédure consistant à présenter le stimulus conditionnel au moins jusqu'au début de la présentation du stimulus inconditionnel. In classical conditioning, procedure consisting of presenting the conditioned stimulus at least until the beginning of the presentation of the unconditioned stimulus. conditionnement différé delay conditioning 2023-06-29 Frank Arnould Baddeley, A., Brewin, C. R., Davies, G. M., Kopelman, M. D., & MacQueen, H. L. (2023). Legal aspects of memory: A summary of scientific evidence issued by the Psychology and Law Sections of the British Academy. Journal of the British Academy, 11, a1–a45. https://doi.org/10.5871/jba/011.095-annex [Document type: literature review / Access: open] Bull, R. (2018). PEACE‐ful Interviewing/Interrogation. In K. Shigemasu, S. Kuwano, T. Sato, & T. Matsuzawa (Eds.), Diversity in harmony—Insights from psychology: Proceedings of the 31st International Congress of Psychology (pp. 189–210). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119362081.ch10 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed] 2023-09-04 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human PEACE interview technique PEACE interviewing model PEACE method of interrogation PEACE method of investigative interviewing PEACE model An investigative interview technique used in England and Wales with adults suspects and complainants. The procedure "involves five discrete stages: Planning and preparation; Engage and explain; Account, clarification, and challenge; Closure, and Evaluation. Before any questioning, interviewers are taught to build rapport with the witness, to ensure that the interview is a two-way conversation, with witnesses feeling free to use their own words and express uncertainty if they do not know the answer to a question." (Baddeley et al., 2023, p. 15). Technique d'entretien d'enquête utilisée en Angleterre et au Pays de Galles avec des suspects et des plaignants adultes. La procédure « comprend cinq étapes distinctes : planification et préparation ; engagement et explication ; compte rendu, clarification et remise en question ; clôture et évaluation [Planning and preparation; Engage and explain; Account, clarification, and challenge; Closure, and Evaluation]. Avant tout interrogatoire, les enquêteurs apprennent à établir une relation de confiance avec le témoin, afin de s'assurer que l'entretien est une conversation dans les deux sens, les témoins se sentant libres d'utiliser leurs propres mots et d'exprimer leur incertitude s'ils ne connaissent pas la réponse à une question. » (Baddeley et al., 2023, p. 15). Modèle d’entretien PEACE PEACE interview model Frank Arnould Thorndike, E. L. (1913). Educational psychology: The psychology of learning (Vol. 2). Teachers College, Columbia University. 2017-12-04 2021-08-09 law of frequency law of practice law of repetition loi de la fréquence loi de la pratique loi de la répétition « Lorsqu'une connexion modifiable est établie entre une situation et une réponse, la force de cette connexion est, toutes choses égales par ailleurs, accrue. Par force d'une connexion, on entend approximativement la probabilité que la connexion se fasse lorsque la situation se reproduit. » (Thorndike, 1913, p. 2).  “When a modifiable connection is made between a situation and a response, that connection’s strength is, other things being equal, increased. By the strength of a connection is meant roughly the probability that the connection will be made when the situation recurs.“ (Thorndike, 1913, p. 2).  law of use loi de l'utilisation Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2022-01-11 Dans un réseau de neurones, type de mémoire permettant de retrouver un souvenir à partir d’un fragment de celui-ci. In a neural network, type of memory in which an item can be retrieved from a fragment of it. auto-associative memories mémoires autoassociatives auto-associative memory mémoire autoassociative Brown, S. D., & Heathcote, A. (2008). The simplest complete model of choice response time: Linear ballistic accumulation. Cognitive Psychology, 57(3), 153–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2007.12.002 Heathcote, A., & Matzke, D. (2022). Winner takes all! What are race models, and why and how should psychologists use them? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 31(5), 383–394. https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221095852 2023-03-13 Frank Arnould 2023-03-15 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human ABL LBA LBA A mathematical model in which decision-making is based on linear and independent accumulators of evidence for each possible response until a decision threshold is reached in favor of one of them. Modèle mathématique selon lequel la prise de décision repose sur des accumulateurs de preuves linéaires et indépendants pour chaque réponse possible jusqu'à ce qu'un seuil de décision soit atteint en faveur de l'une d'elles. linear ballistic accumulator model modèle d'accumulateur balistique linéaire Barbeau, E. J., Ronat, L., & Didic, M. (2020). Études de cas et neuropsychologie de la mémoire : Et maintenant, c’est fini ? Revue de neuropsychologie, 12(1), 19‑25. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2020.0536 2023-03-06 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Homme Human cas clinique case study clinical case étude de cas cas cliniques case studies clinical cases patients patients études de cas patient patient Frank Arnould 2017-12-04 2018-04-11 Mémoire sensorielle spécialisée dans les informations tactiles. Sensory memory for tactile information. haptic memory mémoire haptique Frank Arnould Darwin, C. J., Turvey, M. T., & Crowder, R. G. (1972). An auditory analogue of the Sperling partial report procedure: Evidence for brief auditory storage. Cognitive Psychology, 3(2), 255-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(72)90007-2 Kinukawa, T., Takeuchi, N., Sugiyama, S., Nishihara, M., Nishiwaki, K., & Inui, K. (2019). Properties of echoic memory revealed by auditory-evoked magnetic fields. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 12260. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48796-9 2017-12-04 2022-03-25 auditory persistence auditory sensory memory magasin acoustique précatégoriel mémoire sensorielle auditive persistance auditive precategorical acoustic store Mémoire sensorielle spécialisée dans les informations auditives. Sensory memory for auditory information. echoic memory mémoire échoïque 2023-03-06 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Homme Human individu par aptitude individual by aptitude individuals by aptitude individus par aptitude personnes par aptitude persons by aptitude person by aptitude personne par aptitude Frank Arnould Archer, H. A., Newson, M. A., & Coulthard, E. J. (2015). Subjective memory complaints: Symptoms and outcome in different research settings. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 48(S1), S109–S114. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-150108 Derouesné, C., & Lacomblez, L. (2000). La plainte mnésique : épidémiologie et démarche diagnostic. Presse Medicale, 29(15), 858–862. Perfect, T., Lindsay, D. S., Perfect, T. J., & Lindsay, D. . (2014). Memory complaints in adulthood and old age. In The SAGE Handbook of Applied Memory (p. 423–443). 1 Oliver’s Yard,  55 City Road,  London    EC1Y 1SP  United Kingdom: SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446294703 2017-12-04 2023-03-31 déclin mnésique subjectif memory discontentment perte de mémoire subjective perte mnésique subjective plainte mnésique subjective subjective memory complaint subjective memory decline subjective memory impairment subjective memory loss trouble de la mémoire subjectif Subjective assessment of our own memory problems. Évaluation subjective des difficultés (réelles ou supposées) de sa mémoire. memory complaints pertes de mémoire subjectives pertes mnésiques subjectives plaintes mnésiques plaintes mnésiques subjectives subjective memory complaints subjective memory impairments subjective memory losses troubles de la mémoire subjectifs memory complaint plainte mnésique Beaudoin, M., Agrigoroaei, S., Desrichard, O., Fournet, N., & Roulin, J.-L. (2008). Validation of the French version of the Memory Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. European Review of Applied Psychology, 58(3), 165–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2007.09.001 Berry, J. M., West, R. L., & Dennehey, D. M. (1989). Reliability and validity of the Memory Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. Developmental Psychology, 25(5), 701–713. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.25.5.701 2023-06-14 Frank Arnould 2023-06-14 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human MSEQ MSEQ Questionnaire pour adultes qui décrit dix tâches de mémoire et pour lesquelles les sujets doivent évaluer leurs aptitudes mnésiques (Berry et al., 1989). “a rationally constructed, paper-and-pencil task that describes 10 memory tasks for which subjects assess their memory abilities.“ (Berry et al., 1989, p. 703). The questionnaire is designed for adults. A French version is available (Beaudoin et al., 2008). Une version française est disponible (Beaudoin et al., 2008). Memory Self-Efficacy Questionnaire Questionnaire d’auto-efficacité mnésique Gopi, Y., & Madan, C. R. (in press). Subjective memory measures: Metamemory questionnaires currently in use. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 17470218231183855. https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218231183855 Zelinski, E. M., & Gilewski, M. J. (2004). A 10-item Rasch modeled memory self-efficacy scale. Aging & Mental Health, 8(4), 293–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607860410001709665 2023-06-14 Frank Arnould 2023-07-18 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human FOF-10 FOF-10 Forgetting-10 Scale A 10-item questionnaire for adults assessing memory self-efficacy/complaints in everyday memory tasks. Questionnaire de 10 items pour adultes évaluant le sentiment d’efficacité mnésique/plainte mnésique dans des tâches de mémoire de la vie quotidienne. Forgetting-10 Frequency of Forgetting-10 Scale Échelle de fréquence de l’oubli-10 Schmand, B., Jonker, C., Hooijer, C., & Lindeboom, J. (1996). Subjective memory complaints may announce dementia. Neurology, 46(1), 121–125. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.46.1.121 2023-06-14 Frank Arnould 2023-06-14 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human SMCS SMCS A 10-item questionnaire to assess memory complaints in adults. Questionnaire de 10 items permettant d’évaluer la plainte mnésique chez l’adulte. Subjective Memory Complaints Scale Échelle de plaintes mnésiques subjective Balzamo, M., Barbeau, E., Ceccaldi, M., Mancini, J., & Ali Chérif, A. (2009). L’Echelle d’Intensité de la Plainte Mnésique (EIPM): Un outil de quantification de la plainte mnésique réellement exprimée par la personne. Revue Neurologique, 165(10, Supplement 1), 79. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0035-3787(09)72653-0 2023-06-14 Frank Arnould 2023-06-14 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human EIPM A 10-item self-report questionnaire designed to assess memory complaints for adults under three categories: history of memory changes, impact on daily life, medicalisation/nosophobia (Balzamo et al., 2009). Questionnaire de 10 items d’auto-évaluation de la plainte mnésique chez l'adulte, répartis en trois rubriques : historique des modifications de la mémoire, répercussions dans la vie quotidienne, médicalisation/nosophobie (Balzamo et al., 2009). Memory Complaint Intensity Scale Échelle d’intensité de la plainte mnésique Gass, C. S., Patten, B., Penate, A., & Rhodes, A. (2021). The Cognitive Difficulties Scale (CDS): Psychometric characteristics in a clinical referral sample. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 27(4), 351–364. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617720001058 McNair, D.M. & Kahn, R.J. (1983). Self-assessment of cognitive deficits. In T. Crook, S. Ferris, & R. Bartus (Eds.), Assessment in geriatric psychopharmacology (pp. 119–136). Mark Powley. 2023-03-31 Frank Arnould 2023-03-31 Psychologie Psychology Homme Human CDS CDS Questionnaire de difficultés cognitives Questionnaire qui évalue la fréquence avec laquelle les personnes perçoivent des difficultés mnésiques et cognitives rencontrées dans la vie quotidienne durant le mois précédent. Questionnaire that assesses the frequency with which people perceive memory and cognitive difficulties encountered in daily life during the previous month. Cognitive Difficulties Scale échelle de difficultés cognitives Frank Arnould Coltheart, M. (1980). Iconic memory and visible persistence. Perception & psychophysics, 27(3), 183–228. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03204258 2017-12-04 2021-08-11 First component of the iconic memory, very brief, giving the impression that the stimulus is still visible after its physical offset. Premier composant de la mémoire iconique, de durée très brève, donnant l'impression que le stimulus est toujours visible après son retrait physique. persistance visible visible persistance Frank Arnould Coltheart, M. (1980). Iconic memory and visible persistence. Perception & psychophysics, 27(3), 183–228. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03204258 Loftus, G. R., & Irwin, D. E. (1998). On the relations among different measures of visible and informational persistence. Cognitive Psychology, 35(2), 135-199. https://doi.org/10.1006/cogp.1998.0678 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Second composant de la mémoire iconique correspondant à la persistance de la nature visuelle du stimulus, lequel n'est plus visible. The second component of iconic memory corresponding to the persistence of the visual properties of a stimulus which is no longer visible. informational persistence persistance informationnelle Frank Arnould Jiang, L., Cui, H., Zhang, C., Cao, X., Gu, N., Zhu, Y., Wang, J., Yang, Z., & Li, C. (2021). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for improving cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2020.593000 Widhalm, M. L., & Rose, N. S. (2019). How can transcranial magnetic stimulation be used to causally manipulate memory representations in the human brain? WIREs Cognitive Science, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1469 2022-04-23 2023-09-04 SMTr rTMS "Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive method of brain stimulation in which a train of magnetic pulses is delivered to a specific target location of the brain […]. rTMS involves trains of magnetic pulses of various frequencies and intensities. As a general rule, high frequencies ( ≥ 5 Hz) increase cortical excitability and low frequencies ( ≤ 1 Hz) suppress it […]" (Jiang et al., 2021). « La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétitive (SMTr) est une méthode non invasive de stimulation cérébrale dans laquelle un train d'impulsions magnétiques est délivré au niveau d'une localisation cible spécifique du cerveau [...]. La SMTr implique des trains d'impulsions magnétiques de différentes fréquences et intensités. En règle générale, les hautes fréquences ( ≥ 5 Hz) augmentent l'excitabilité corticale et les basses fréquences ( ≤ 1 Hz) la suppriment […] » (Jiang et al., 2021). repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétitive Frank Arnould Alba, J. W., Chromiak, W., Hasher, L., & Attig, M. S. (1980). Automatic encoding of category size information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 6(4), 370-378. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.6.4.370 2017-12-04 2023-03-23 Des exemplaires appartenant à différentes catégories sémantiques sont présentés au sujet. Celui-ci doit ensuite se souvenir du nombre d'exemplaires de chaque catégorie. The subject is presented with exemplars belonging to different semantic categories. The subject then has to remember the number of exemplars for each category. categorical frequency estimation estimation de la fréquence catégorielle Frank Arnould Koppenaal, L., & Glanzer, M. (1990). An examination of the continuous distractor task and the « long-term recency effect ». Memory & Cognition, 18(2), 183-195. https:/:doi.org/10.3758/BF03197094 Neath, I. (1993). Contextual and distinctive processes and the serial position function. Journal of Memory and Language, 32(6), 820-840. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1993.1041 2017-12-04 2023-03-15 Dans une tâche de distraction continue, disparition ou atténuation de l'effet de récence à long terme quand la nature de la tâche de distraction (par exemple, une tâche d'arithmétique) à réaliser entre chaque présentation d'items est différente de la nature de la tâche de distraction à exécuter après la présentation du dernier item (par exemple, une tâche de lecture de mots). In a continuous distraction task, disappearance or attenuation of the long-term recency effect when the nature of the distraction task (e.g. an arithmetic task) required between each presentation of items is different from the nature of the distraction task to perform after the presentation of the last item (e.g. a word reading task). changing distractor effect effet du changement de distraction 2023-03-06 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Homme Human Child aged 6 to 12 years. Enfant âgé de 6 à 12 ans. enfants d'âge scolaire school-aged children enfant d'âge scolaire school-aged child 2023-03-06 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Homme Human early adolescence early adolescent préadolescence Aged 10 to 13 years. Âgé de 10 à 13 ans. early adolescents preadolescents préadolescents preadolescent préadolescent 2023-03-06 Frank Arnould 2023-04-04 Homme Human preschooler préscolaire Child aged 2 to 5 years. Enfant âgé de 2 à 5 ans. enfants d'âge préscolaire preschool-aged children preschoolers préscolaires enfant d'âge préscolaire preschool-aged child Animal Animal Nombre de membres : 214. Number of members: 214. Homme Human Nombre de membres : 1439. Number of members: 1439. Multidisciplinaire Multidisciplinary Nombre de membres : 28. Number of members: 28. Informatics Informatique Nombre de membres : 43. Number of members: 43. Psychologie Psychology Nombre de membres : 1213. Number of members: 1213. Neurologie Neurology Nombre de membres : 67. Number of members: 67. Philosophie Philosophy Nombre de membres : 10. Number of members: 10. Sociologie Sociology Nombre de membres : 6. Number of members: 6. Psychophysiologie Psychophysiology Nombre de membres : 30. Number of members: 30. Neurophysiologie Neurophysiology Nombre de membres : 50. Number of members: 50. 2023-09-05 Regroupement thématique Mémoire et justice Thematic grouping Memory and Law Nombre de membres : 139. Number of members: 139. Neuropsychologie Neuropsychology Nombre de membres : 112. Number of members: 112. Linguistics Linguistique / Sciences du langage Nombre de membres : 8. Number of members: 8. Probability / Statistics Probabilités / Statistiques Nombre de membres : 35. Number of members: 35. Logics Logique Nombre de membres : 2. Number of members: 2. Genetics Génétique Nombre de membres : 3. Number of members: 3. Ethologie Ethology Nombre de membres : 1. Number of members: 1. Psychiatrie Psychiatry Nombre de membres : 7. Number of members: 7. Grouping by subject field Regroupement par domaine Nombre de membres : 15. Number of members: 15. Grouping by study population Regroupement par population d'étude Nombre de membres : 2. Number of members: 2.