Upload pat_df_all_KWD.csv

The “pat_df_all” dataset comprises 146 ,063 patent‐application records across 11 key fields. It was extracted and processed for the study by Chun & Hwang (2024)¹, which introduces a cross-density framework to quantify synergistic interactions between artificial intelligence and green‐technology patents at the country level. All data, including original PATSTAT entries and derived variables, are available under CC BY 4.0 on Hugging Face².

Please cite Chun & Hwang (2024) when reusing this dataset:

Chun, Y., & Hwang, J. (2024). The Nexus of Artificial Intelligence and Green Innovation: A Cross-Density Analysis at the Country Level. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 15(2), 456–478. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-024-02076-8

Column Description
auth Patent‐issuing authority (two-letter code, e.g. “US” for United States, “KR” for South Korea).
ap Patent application identifier (unique string assigned by the authority).
year Application year (integer, e.g. 2019).
ctry Country of applicant’s residence (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code).
nuts Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) code, when available; “NA” if not applicable.
cpc Full CPC classification code (e.g. “G06N 3/045”).
nace2_id Two-digit NACE industrial classification identifier.
nace2 Name of the corresponding NACE sector (e.g. “Manufacture of computers and peripheral equipment”).
state Sub‐national location or city (e.g. “NY” for New York; blank if unavailable).
cpc4 Four-digit CPC subclass code (e.g. “G06N”).
DL Time‐period indicator: “Before 2012” or “After 2012,” used to distinguish patent regimes across major CPC revisions.

¹ Chun & Hwang (2024) introduced the AI–Green Cross-Density model and applied this patent dataset in their three-way fixed-effects panel analysis.
² Hosted at: https://huggingface.co/deep1003

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