q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 0 304 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
value | subreddit stringclasses 3
values | answers dict | title_urls dict | selftext_urls dict | answers_urls dict | split stringclasses 9
values | title_body stringlengths 1 39.1k | embeddings list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
70fowv | Why is it that plants comparatively much less diverse (only ~250,000 species) than other clades of life? | explainlikeimfive | {
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"I don't know for certain, but think about it:\n\nPlants are sedentary. They find a particular kind of environment that suits them well and, for the most part, stay in one place for their whole lives. They don't need to develop systems that allow for locomotion. They don... | {
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} | {
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} | train_eli5 | Why is it that plants comparatively much less diverse (only ~250,000 species) than other clades of life?
| [
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2vmob5 | Why do we randomly get this weird/burning sensation in the nose when inhaling? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"Always assumed it was a dry spot where there was no mucous.",
"Eugh I get this too! I feel like it's when your nose is TOO empy kinda thing."
],
"score": [
9,
3
]
} | {
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} | {
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} | train_eli5 | Why do we randomly get this weird/burning sensation in the nose when inhaling?
| [
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4vwam3 | how do sinkholes happen | explainlikeimfive | {
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"Have you ever been to the beach and made a sand bridge? You put your arm in a trench and build a tightly packed layer of... | {
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} | {
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} | {
"url": [
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]
} | train_eli5 | how do sinkholes happen
| [
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56gcrl | Are mobile ads intentionally the last thing to load while opening a page, so more people would accidentally click them? | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
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"No.\n\nAds are usually provided by a 3rd party company from their servers, not the same server that is delivering the rest of the content on the page, so they can often take longer to load compared to other stuff on the page.... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
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} | train_eli5 | Are mobile ads intentionally the last thing to load while opening a page, so more people would accidentally click them?
[removed] | [
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43flls | why are we producing more aluminium than we recycle if it takes 95 percent less energy to recycle? | if the energy needed is lower, wouldn't it be cheaper aswell? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"czhu2nm"
],
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"Yes, it would be, but then there would also be a finite amount of aluminum on earth and we would never be able to have more bottles and cans than we do right now. The world is growing and we still have a need for new aluminum. People like airplane manufacturers and NASA... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
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} | train_eli5 | why are we producing more aluminium than we recycle if it takes 95 percent less energy to recycle?
if the energy needed is lower, wouldn't it be cheaper aswell? | [
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5z9wrh | why are there no comedy categories at the Oscars | I've read some of the threads of why dramas usually win more than comedies (even nominated more),but why are no categories for comedies? the Emmys have comedic categories so why not the Oscars? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"Each awards show has their own thing. You're probably aware of the Oscars and the Emmy, but there are like a hundred others with their own style and categories. \n\nHowever you're not alone in your thinking. Not having a separate comedy c... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | why are there no comedy categories at the Oscars
I've read some of the threads of why dramas usually win more than comedies (even nominated more),but why are no categories for comedies? the Emmys have comedic categories so why not the Oscars? | [
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2dxo9z | Why is it when I love someone a lot, that sometimes I have to hug them tightly and it feels like I can't be close enough. | This happens a lot with my fiance and I. We will be cuddling and I just feel so happy that I want to squeeze him really hard and be close. I'll be all tangled around him and I still won't feel close enough. Neither of us understand why we feel this way. | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"No answer, but that is fucking adorable. I hope you two have a long happy life of being this in love together.",
"This is going to sound like a really snide answer, but really isn't...\n\nYou love them.\n\nGo and try to hug the annoying person you don... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why is it when I love someone a lot, that sometimes I have to hug them tightly and it feels like I can't be close enough.
This happens a lot with my fiance and I. We will be cuddling and I just feel so happy that I want to squeeze him really hard and be close. I'll be all tangled around him and I still won't feel close... | [
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4066oo | What benefits (if any) does lobbying provide to society? | explainlikeimfive | {
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"In principle, 'lobbying' just means 'talking to congressmen'. If you have a good idea for how the nation's laws should be set up, or a stake in those laws, you sit down for lunch and talk to them, help them to understand where you're coming from. Others d... | {
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} | train_eli5 | What benefits (if any) does lobbying provide to society?
| [
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7gl1ti | Why are the stairs of an escalator higher than the stairs of a staircase? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"To give you better timing to get off the step at the end, and to somewhat discourage you from running up them while moving (primarily for children).",
"The steps tend to be long, to stand on comfortably, so if they need to also be higher to maintain ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why are the stairs of an escalator higher than the stairs of a staircase?
| [
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5y57m5 | Why does half and half in containers not have to be refrigerated? How come it can be left out for days while milk has to always be kept cold? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"Are you sure you're not referring to non-dairy creamers? Half and half most certainly needs to refrigerated.",
"Milk has to be kept cold because it is not completely sterilized, as that would ruin the taste. It's sterilized enough to pr... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why does half and half in containers not have to be refrigerated? How come it can be left out for days while milk has to always be kept cold?
| [
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3xzow0 | Why are smoke shops allowed to sell bongs? | Weed isnt legal in my state. It wasnt a medical facility. It was just a normal smoke shop that sold vapes and hookahs etc.
Well they also had a counter full of bongs and pipes.
And im sure no one goes in there to buy a bong to smoke tobacco out of.
So why are smoke shops allowed to sell them?
Isnt that drug parapher... | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"Next time you go there, look for a sign. There will be one saying \"For Tobacco Use Only\"\n\nWhile bongs are commonly associated with marijuana, they are also used for tobacco and in that regard are perfectly legal. By saying they're only for tobacco it protects the st... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why are smoke shops allowed to sell bongs?
Weed isnt legal in my state. It wasnt a medical facility. It was just a normal smoke shop that sold vapes and hookahs etc. Well they also had a counter full of bongs and pipes. And im sure no one goes in there to buy a bong to smoke tobacco out of. So why are smoke shops allow... | [
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41rvjb | How does hot water work in hotels? | especially in those with many floors. Does one big hot water heater exist? Or do a few rooms share one? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"While all buildings are a little different, most use a single boiler and a recirculating hot water system. Hot water circulates in big loops on each floor, driven by small magnetic pumps. This means the water is \"instant-on\". The storage tank is kept... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | How does hot water work in hotels?
especially in those with many floors. Does one big hot water heater exist? Or do a few rooms share one? | [
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3ng9wk | How do pornography sites stay in business? | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
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"For the same reason Youtube is allowed to exist. The law determined that these sites cannot reasonably be expected to co... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MindGeek#Adult_industry"
]
} | train_eli5 | How do pornography sites stay in business?
[removed] | [
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35svbh | How am I a W-2 employee, yet do not qualify for any benefits, including unemployment? Details in comments. | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"It varies from state to state. One reason could be that you didn't earn enough in at least one of two consecutive quarters. Depending on exactly when your season ends, that could screw you. Or just simply not enough hours.\n\n\nNo matter what the reason, I think you're ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | How am I a W-2 employee, yet do not qualify for any benefits, including unemployment? Details in comments.
| [
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1hqexp | Brief history of Turkey with focus on the modern issues and culture | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cawvk61"
],
"text": [
"Perhaps start with this country profile, it has a pretty ELI5 approach and then ask a more specific question.\n[Here's the CIA's Turkey in a nutshell](_URL_0_)"
],
"score": [
2
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.cia.gov/library/publications//the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html"
]
} | train_eli5 | Brief history of Turkey with focus on the modern issues and culture
| [
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3utvdv | How come Humans can't learn animal languages and communicate to them? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"Because animals don't have language. They communicate emotions with sound like angry growls, panicked screams, horny rumbles, and affectionate purrs, but they can't communicate abstract thoughts, form sentences, assign arbitrary names to ob... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | How come Humans can't learn animal languages and communicate to them?
| [
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202xaz | How and Why exactly does encryption work? Dont you need to transfer the key, and couldnt (lets say the NSA) not simply obtain it by saving all your internet activity? | Lets say i want to send an encrypted message from Phone A to B, and lets say the NSA is digging through your whole internet usage. Dont you need, at some point, send the Key to decrypt your message to phone B? Woudlnt this key have to be unencrypted? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"Nope, because of the magic of asymmetric cryptography. The short version is that the key used to *encrypt* the data is not the same as the one to *decrypt* it.\n\nWhen Alice sends something to Bob, she encrypts... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
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"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Encryption_Standard",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA_(cryptosystem)",
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M7kEpw1tn50",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffie%E2%80%93Hellman_key_exch... | train_eli5 | How and Why exactly does encryption work? Dont you need to transfer the key, and couldnt (lets say the NSA) not simply obtain it by saving all your internet activity?
Lets say i want to send an encrypted message from Phone A to B, and lets say the NSA is digging through your whole internet usage. Dont you need, at some... | [
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8kwlfj | What do degrees (temperature) actually measure? | When we talk about temperature (Celsius, for ease of explanation), what is actually being measured? For example, would it be like water, where 1L is equal to 1Kg, but with energy in a set area? Or is it more based on reactions in certain things e.g. the boiling and freezing points of water?
Apologies if I’ve not found... | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"At a basic level you can think of temperature as the average molecular energy of a system. Temperature can be measured in different ways, but they all come down to measuring changes in heat energy (molecular motion and jiggling). \n\nIn everyday thermomet... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | What do degrees (temperature) actually measure?
When we talk about temperature (Celsius, for ease of explanation), what is actually being measured? For example, would it be like water, where 1L is equal to 1Kg, but with energy in a set area? Or is it more based on reactions in certain things e.g. the boiling and freezi... | [
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8tum1b | why is seemingly every photo tagged with a “Getty Images” watermark? How big are they? And are they just an image host or do they also employ photographers? | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1acu2e"
],
"text": [
"Getty is huge. They buy images from existing photographers and then aggressively protect copyright. I don't believe they employ their own photographers, but prefer to buy images from others."
],
"score": [
2
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | why is seemingly every photo tagged with a “Getty Images” watermark? How big are they? And are they just an image host or do they also employ photographers?
[removed] | [
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2xkbyp | Why is it such a big deal that it costs more than 1 cent to make a penny? Shouldn't the cost and production of other coins and bills counteract the defecit of making pennies? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Just because you CAN make up a loss in one are with a gain in another doesn't justify that loss. You could say \"sure, I throw away every other roll of toilet paper I buy without using it, but I buy toilet pape... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y5UT04p5f7U"
]
} | train_eli5 | Why is it such a big deal that it costs more than 1 cent to make a penny? Shouldn't the cost and production of other coins and bills counteract the defecit of making pennies?
| [
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yvgks | What is fascism and what is wrong with it? | explainlikeimfive | {
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"Fascism is an ideology that has three fundamental tenets: Paternalism, Corporatism, and Nationalism. Each fascist movement was unique, but these three basic attributes are shared. One could also add anti-Marxism to it. \n\nPaternalism refer... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fascism"
]
} | train_eli5 | What is fascism and what is wrong with it?
| [
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po5s5 | The Argument of "Separation of Church and State" and "Under God" in the Pledge | So I viewed the recent posting of another attempt at removing "Under God" from the Pledge of Allegiance - _URL_1_ . This made me want to look up the previous failed attempts at removing "Under God" from the Pledge, and why the ruling was of course in support of the terminology. The most recent case I found was in 2006 ... | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Honestly it is primarily for historical reasons. There are two factors in play: First, while the US is not and never was a \"Christian nation\", at the time of it's founding religion in American was almost exclusively monotheistic. Even peo... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.usflag.org/uscode36.html",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/atheism/comments/pnm50/an_anonymous_family_from_my_hometown_is_taking/",
"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/03/12/under-god-in-pledge-of-allegiance_n_496255.html"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Virginia_State_Board_of_Education_v._Barnette",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glassroth_v._Moore",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceremonial_deism"
]
} | train_eli5 | The Argument of "Separation of Church and State" and "Under God" in the Pledge
So I viewed the recent posting of another attempt at removing "Under God" from the Pledge of Allegiance - _URL_1_ . This made me want to look up the previous failed attempts at removing "Under God" from the Pledge, and why the ruling was of ... | [
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3s75eg | Why do ice cream taste testers use a gold spoon to taste test? | I always heard they use a gold spoon(Through Ice cream factory tour/articles/etc) because it leaves the least metallic taste and there for they can taste all the best flavors from the ice cream, but wouldn't it make more sense to use a common spoon as that's what every one uses at home? Like it may taste great on a gol... | explainlikeimfive | {
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"url": []
} | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why do ice cream taste testers use a gold spoon to taste test?
I always heard they use a gold spoon(Through Ice cream factory tour/articles/etc) because it leaves the least metallic taste and there for they can taste all the best flavors from the ice cream, but wouldn't it make more sense to use a common spoon as that'... | [
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3irj31 | Why does yellow mustard taste so different from Dijon mustard? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Because its a different kind of mustard. Full of different... stuff.\n \nDifferent *mustard stuff*."
],
"score": [
5
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why does yellow mustard taste so different from Dijon mustard?
| [
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1rc0bs | Why aren't any famous people getting assassinated? | Not being a psycho, but there must be some extreme crazy people who extremely hate a celebrity/sports star/president, but why aren't there any assassinates? How hard is it to just snipe the president down during his speech or something similar? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"In terms of political figures like the president, the Secret Service has gotten really good at spotting that sort of behavior, and stopping potential threats long before it's a take a bullet type situation. Not saying it couldn't happen, bu... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why aren't any famous people getting assassinated?
Not being a psycho, but there must be some extreme crazy people who extremely hate a celebrity/sports star/president, but why aren't there any assassinates? How hard is it to just snipe the president down during his speech or something similar? | [
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1xj0x7 | Did fruit and vegetables evovle too? | Ive never heard of it before | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
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],
"score": [
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} | {
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} | train_eli5 | Did fruit and vegetables evovle too?
Ive never heard of it before | [
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2m12s6 | Why are denim jeans both stiflingly uncomfortable in hot weather and freezing in cold weather? | explainlikeimfive | {
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"...because they're midrange pants designed to be d... | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why are denim jeans both stiflingly uncomfortable in hot weather and freezing in cold weather?
| [
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55zbti | Why are speed caps used by ISP's and how do they work? | ISP's often limit your speed after a certain amount of data used,
why do they do that and how does it work. Also just for knowing can they bypassed safely? | explainlikeimfive | {
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"CFAggie isn't really right, that was the case before fiber internet and massive technological feats. I was once studying to be a network engineer, and I picked a few things up.\n\nThey do it because they're greedy assholes. I know that's doom-and-gloom to the point of b... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why are speed caps used by ISP's and how do they work?
ISP's often limit your speed after a certain amount of data used, why do they do that and how does it work. Also just for knowing can they bypassed safely? | [
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4bjg1p | the oligodynamic effect (i.e brass doorknobs disinfecting themselves after a period of time) | Saw this recently and can't wrap my head about how this is even possible, let alone how it works! | explainlikeimfive | {
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"The effect is certainly pretty cool. Essentially what is described is that frequently touched materials can gather lots of microorganisms really easily, just because they're found literally everywhere at extremely high levels. When you touch a doorknob, y... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | the oligodynamic effect (i.e brass doorknobs disinfecting themselves after a period of time)
Saw this recently and can't wrap my head about how this is even possible, let alone how it works! | [
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5fs37c | I am short-sighted. If I look in a mirror which is close to my face, objects in the distance (in the mirror) still look blurry. Why? | Logically I would have thought that because the reflected image is on a flat surface close to my face, that I would be able to see everything reflected clearly. I can somewhat understand why this is not true... but I would very much appreciate a dumbed down explanation. Thanks! | explainlikeimfive | {
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"A mirror is not a picture. Put your camera in selfie mode and you will see the background in focus, because the camera in your phone is properly focused and the screen on your phone is a real image.\n\nThe image in a mirror, on the other ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://imgur.com/LVWblyF"
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} | train_eli5 | I am short-sighted. If I look in a mirror which is close to my face, objects in the distance (in the mirror) still look blurry. Why?
Logically I would have thought that because the reflected image is on a flat surface close to my face, that I would be able to see everything reflected clearly. I can somewhat understand ... | [
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vbq6j | How do hair transplants work? | is it like organ transplants? if so, does that mean you need a hair/scalp donor?
thanks! | explainlikeimfive | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.drrobertjones.com/hair_replacement.html"
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} | train_eli5 | How do hair transplants work?
is it like organ transplants? if so, does that mean you need a hair/scalp donor? thanks! | [
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2dh262 | Do water filters (like those placed in Brita water pitchers) really make a substantial difference in the quality of the water? | explainlikeimfive | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.todaytoptrends.com/2014/05/top-6-best-water-purifier-brands-in-india/"
]
} | train_eli5 | Do water filters (like those placed in Brita water pitchers) really make a substantial difference in the quality of the water?
| [
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37nebw | Why some people would rather help an animal than a human? | explainlikeimfive | {
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} | train_eli5 | Why some people would rather help an animal than a human?
| [
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2e3tp2 | Why are second (and if lucky) third orgasms in a sex session (with a partner or alone) less intense than the first? | The first orgasm usually feels GREAT! The second feels about half as good with about a half as long duration. The third feels about as good as scratching an itch.
Are the muscles down there tuckered out? Are the chemicals in the brain needed for climax used up for the time being? What gives?
edit: I'm a dude, sorry... | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"That's funny, my second ones are always way more intense.",
"Male here, adding another \"speak for yourself\". The third and fourth and above might be hard... uh... more difficult to achieve, but they are way more intense."
],
"score": [
3,
... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why are second (and if lucky) third orgasms in a sex session (with a partner or alone) less intense than the first?
The first orgasm usually feels GREAT! The second feels about half as good with about a half as long duration. The third feels about as good as scratching an itch. Are the muscles down there tuckered out? ... | [
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2g2hw8 | The 'Hole Theory' of current flow | I am a student of Electronics and I'm having a very difficult time understanding the flow of electrons leaving "holes" between atoms.
I can only find responses like black holes and quantum physics on Google, so I'm posting here.
So, when you run electrons through a circuit, they flow from the negative terminal to the... | explainlikeimfive | {
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"To start, holes are only applicable in semiconductors, you don't just apply them to any circuit you feel like. \r\r\rIn metals the outmost electrons are in the conduction band. They are free to move. When you apply an electric field (a volt... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | The 'Hole Theory' of current flow
I am a student of Electronics and I'm having a very difficult time understanding the flow of electrons leaving "holes" between atoms. I can only find responses like black holes and quantum physics on Google, so I'm posting here. So, when you run electrons through a circuit, they flow f... | [
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4wtn8w | Air pressure in houses? Why do some doors hit a cushion of air when they close, some doors slam when they close, and some doors get sucked closed? | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
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"It's depends on how air tight the room is. You will notice this with doors that are tighter to the carpet and not under cut. Take a door that you can't slam because of this and open a window in t... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Air pressure in houses? Why do some doors hit a cushion of air when they close, some doors slam when they close, and some doors get sucked closed?
[removed] | [
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3rhp9n | Why do such well-known companies as McDonald's and Coca-Cola pay tens of millions to be the lead sponsors of the World Cup/Olympics/etc.? Do people really not know these companies at this point? | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
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"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why do such well-known companies as McDonald's and Coca-Cola pay tens of millions to be the lead sponsors of the World Cup/Olympics/etc.? Do people really not know these companies at this point?
[removed] | [
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3qa4er | Hospital Fetal Heart rate and Cervix Monitors | So my wife is 40 weeks pregnant and we've been in the hospital on several occasion where they hook her up to the monitor.
I get how the Heart rate monitor works, for the most part. But, how does the cervix monitor work? Best I can get from the nurses is it measures the pressure in her cervix. Is that true? and if so h... | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
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],
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2
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} | {
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} | {
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} | train_eli5 | Hospital Fetal Heart rate and Cervix Monitors
So my wife is 40 weeks pregnant and we've been in the hospital on several occasion where they hook her up to the monitor. I get how the Heart rate monitor works, for the most part. But, how does the cervix monitor work? Best I can get from the nurses is it measures the pres... | [
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1sa2uk | The number system of Graphics Cards | tried google and only got charts - couldn't find an explanation to the system.
repost from two years ago
cheers | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cdvg6w5"
],
"text": [
"There essentially isn't one. Within an individual product line from a given manufacturer the numbers may mean something, but mostly they are just the name the manufacturer gave to that video card. It's all about marketing.\n\nThe first number in most cards indicates t... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | The number system of Graphics Cards
tried google and only got charts - couldn't find an explanation to the system. repost from two years ago cheers | [
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2huu20 | Why can I hear a TV from another room, even if the volume is off? | I realize that it might be the waves, but aren't they specifically visual? Please explain in depth. | explainlikeimfive | {
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"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
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]
} | train_eli5 | Why can I hear a TV from another room, even if the volume is off?
I realize that it might be the waves, but aren't they specifically visual? Please explain in depth. | [
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34na5n | I just saw the Bruce Lee kid video, and now I'm curious how nunchaku work. It seems like an inefficient weapon. | To clarify, it seems like nunchaku wouldn't cause much damage to the opponent compared to other similar weapons, such as a wooden staff. My brain might be lying to me, but it seems like the loose nature of the weapon would remove some of the force behind the impact. Am I wrong in thinking that?
Also, how much trainin... | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
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"Yeah, they're not exactly great weapons. They're not as difficult as you'd think to use them, but they're honestly kind of a pain, and certainly aren't as effective as many other weapons.\n\nFrom what I recall of my Asian history though, the reason taht these kinds of w... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | I just saw the Bruce Lee kid video, and now I'm curious how nunchaku work. It seems like an inefficient weapon.
To clarify, it seems like nunchaku wouldn't cause much damage to the opponent compared to other similar weapons, such as a wooden staff. My brain might be lying to me, but it seems like the loose nature of th... | [
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5oe1nz | What does "single payer" mean in the american health care system ? | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"\"Single Payer\" means that there is a single entity that handles all of the insurance payments to medical providers. In this case, that payer would be the government. Instead of multiple private insurers that each cover a small portion of the population and each negoti... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | What does "single payer" mean in the american health care system ?
[removed] | [
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5km95b | How is mass extinction humans fault? | I don't yet know much about global warming or mass extinction, but I'm trying to learn. I fully understand how human activity in the modern age is contributing to warming, habitat loss, etc. In the following article though, the author states that in the year 1500 animals were already well in the midst if a mass extinct... | explainlikeimfive | {
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"> Considering most people at that time and prior loved in mud huts\n\nHA!\n\nHumans had already been farming for 9,500 years, living in cities for most of that, China had been a sprawling empire for 4,500 years, Rome had risen and fallen. ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/06/150623-sixth-extinction-kolbert-animals-conservation-science-world/"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/1/5/e1400253.full"
]
} | train_eli5 | How is mass extinction humans fault?
I don't yet know much about global warming or mass extinction, but I'm trying to learn. I fully understand how human activity in the modern age is contributing to warming, habitat loss, etc. In the following article though, the author states that in the year 1500 animals were alread... | [
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2hh6rz | How are branded drinks mass produced? (Gatorade, Monster) | What goes into the mass production of these drinks? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"There are huge companies out there that you have probably never heard of that make all different components of food and drinks. This includes flavor companies, food coloring companies, salt... pretty much every component on the back of the ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | How are branded drinks mass produced? (Gatorade, Monster)
What goes into the mass production of these drinks? | [
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43f6a2 | what's an API? (computers) | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"It's an \"application programming interface\". It's a defined set of methods by which you interface with functions and data of a program from another programmer. E.G. google's API would allow me to submit (programmatically) a string as a search and get ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | what's an API? (computers)
[removed] | [
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89ylwl | Why are Japanese fan content creators so much more strict about their activities in order to avoid copyright issues than Western fan creators? | I know a few Japanese fan-content creators, and it seems there's a much larger fear among them about legal action being taken against them than there is for Western creators. Is just a result of stricter Japanese copyright law, Japanese culture, or something else? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dwvo26k"
],
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"Social responsibility. In general, Japanese culture has a bit more sense of morality in respect to the original creators. They don't want to hurt the creators. Theres also this sense in Japan of following the order of things just for the sake of the law. A lot of wester... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why are Japanese fan content creators so much more strict about their activities in order to avoid copyright issues than Western fan creators?
I know a few Japanese fan-content creators, and it seems there's a much larger fear among them about legal action being taken against them than there is for Western creators. Is... | [
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1qd5oq | Why do my grey hairs pop when pulled? | I'm starting to go grey, but unfortunately, not a start at the temples distinguished look. I just get random grey hairs all over my head. My girlfriend decided this looks ridiculous, and has taken to pulling them out. What's odd is that I can tell when she accidently pulls a black hair. They feel different. When she p... | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"Grey hairs happen because the stem cells which produce the colouring die, so that's probably related."
],
"score": [
2
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why do my grey hairs pop when pulled?
I'm starting to go grey, but unfortunately, not a start at the temples distinguished look. I just get random grey hairs all over my head. My girlfriend decided this looks ridiculous, and has taken to pulling them out. What's odd is that I can tell when she accidently pulls a black ... | [
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1zmc1i | The difference between a parody and a satire | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"Parody is imitation. Satire is humorous, constructive, social criticism.",
"You are a politician who does lots of work on food standards and safety.\n\nA parody show is made about you, featuring a politician who looks a lot like you with exaggerated f... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | The difference between a parody and a satire
| [
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83spgl | How come—when looking at the light produced on earth VIA satellite imagery, they are always yellow, when in fact, there are lights of all different colors being produced? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dvkafrc"
],
"text": [
"It's not VIA, it's just via, a word. :-)\n\nAnyhow, the answer is simple: most electric lights are actually yellow, so when you look at a lot of lights grouped together from far away, you see mostly yellow light."
],
"score": [
4
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | How come—when looking at the light produced on earth VIA satellite imagery, they are always yellow, when in fact, there are lights of all different colors being produced?
| [
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5hjya2 | Why is insurance handled by private, for-profit companies rather than by the government? | It just seems like a private company would look out for their profits first and their clients second, and that's definitely not who I would want backing me if I get in an accident. | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"> and that's definitely not who I would want backing me if I get in an accident.\n\n...except that, unless you were criminally stupid when signing a contract, in this particular case you get to sue them, i.e. get the governme... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why is insurance handled by private, for-profit companies rather than by the government?
It just seems like a private company would look out for their profits first and their clients second, and that's definitely not who I would want backing me if I get in an accident. | [
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3t4j2z | How do tunnel builders know where they are going? | Like with the Channel Tunnel how did the French and English side meet up? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"i dont know anything about that specific project, but in general there is an engineer that surveys in the centerline of the tunnel using a theodolite (_URL_0_). you basically move a known point down the tunnel using the previous point alon... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodolite",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=42-lJ2y6ddQ"
]
} | train_eli5 | How do tunnel builders know where they are going?
Like with the Channel Tunnel how did the French and English side meet up? | [
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1jzs1s | How exactly do Saline pools work? | How does a saline pool system work compared to a chlorine system? Is it as effective? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cbjw8rc",
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],
"text": [
"Salt water pools still use chlorine, the difference is that the chlorine is produced through electrolysis using the salt as the base material. The advantage is that the salt electrolysis process creates free chlorine ions (the type of chlorine that kills ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | How exactly do Saline pools work?
How does a saline pool system work compared to a chlorine system? Is it as effective? | [
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5u0rc5 | Why did I just pay $250 for a passport with a 3-week turnaround, when a driver's license is $25 and take 30 minutes? | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"ddqfrie",
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],
"text": [
"A driver's license is a state-issued document accepted by state governments certifying your identity and ability to drive. \n\nA passport is a federally-issued document accepted by international governments certifying your identity and travel eligibility ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why did I just pay $250 for a passport with a 3-week turnaround, when a driver's license is $25 and take 30 minutes?
[removed] | [
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15k2ib | the upcoming "dairy crisis"...Is the Dept of Agriculture really "required" to purchase milk from farmers? And what will they do with it once they buy it? | [Source here](_URL_0_). Article suggests it's a "poison pill" meant to force the government to pass a farm bill...how is that kind of extortion legal? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"c7n6stu"
],
"text": [
"It's not extortion... it's protectionist agricultural policy and the agricultural lobby (including [American Farmland Trust](_URL_4_)). Every five years Congress is expected to pass another temporary law regarding agricultural policy known as the [farm bill](_URL_5_). O... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
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]
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.fsa.usda.gov/FSA/newsReleases?area=newsroom&subject=landing&topic=pfs&newstype=prfactsheet&type=detail&item=pf_20110804_dppsp_en_mpsp.html",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food,_Conservation,_and_Energy_Act_of_2008",
"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/06/13/15... | train_eli5 | the upcoming "dairy crisis"...Is the Dept of Agriculture really "required" to purchase milk from farmers? And what will they do with it once they buy it?
[Source here](_URL_0_). Article suggests it's a "poison pill" meant to force the government to pass a farm bill...how is that kind of extortion legal? | [
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36if2f | What are the differences between major (competitive) Fighting Games and how they are played competitively? Mortal Kombat, Street Fighter etc. | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"crebvv4",
"cre8utg"
],
"text": [
"It's kind of like the difference between Cricket and Baseball. There's some similarities, and skills in one will have some transfer-ability, but to really excel at one, it takes focusing on that one game. There are all the little nuances that one game h... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | What are the differences between major (competitive) Fighting Games and how they are played competitively? Mortal Kombat, Street Fighter etc.
| [
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1t6uig | Why is financing a car through a bank cheaper than financing through the dealership, even though dealerships have lower interest rates? | Are there really that many hidden fees with a new car? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Quite often, its not. Many times you can combine a rebate with incentivised financing and end up much cheaper than your bank.\n\nFor example, my wifes 2012 altima i... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why is financing a car through a bank cheaper than financing through the dealership, even though dealerships have lower interest rates?
Are there really that many hidden fees with a new car? | [
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2m5hcb | how come we don't yet know the perfect diet for humans? | You know like what exactly to eat for optimal health | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"cm13zv3",
"cm14ics"
],
"text": [
"There isn't one. It would vary person to person and even to some degree day to day per person.",
"Every human is different. Different people metabolize vitamins, minerals and macro-nutrients differently. An observable example is lactose... | {
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} | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | how come we don't yet know the perfect diet for humans?
You know like what exactly to eat for optimal health | [
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1kjk9z | What are the rules of Australian Rules Football | I came across a video of the sport being played that I found interesting but I had no idea what anybody was doing, when was the ball considered Dead? Was this based off American Football or (What I know as) Soccer? What are some terms I should know if I would like to watch a game? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cbpmscd",
"cbpmvta"
],
"text": [
"Well, I'm not an umpire but i do regularly watch the footy, so ill have a crack. The ball isn't really considered dead like in American football and generally the rules allow for the game to be a free flowing as possible with limited interruptions in play... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | What are the rules of Australian Rules Football
I came across a video of the sport being played that I found interesting but I had no idea what anybody was doing, when was the ball considered Dead? Was this based off American Football or (What I know as) Soccer? What are some terms I should know if I would like to watc... | [
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848n8s | Why do aeroplanes/airplanes have headlights? | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dvnmjc7",
"dvnmmde",
"dvnr8j8"
],
"text": [
"> Why do aeroplanes/airplanes have headlights?\n\nAircraft commonly land at night when it is dark. Being able to see the ground when coming in for a landing is important because they need to touch down at a reasonable speed.\n\nSo not to p... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why do aeroplanes/airplanes have headlights?
[removed] | [
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1zhw18 | Why do i sleep better when its cold? | For some reason, when i open my window in the winter and im under the cover, I fall asleep fast. When its hot in the summer, it takes me a while to fall asleep or the heat wakes me up at some point during the sleep. Why? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cfttak0",
"cftt2m2"
],
"text": [
"The temperature that your body sleeps at is lower than the temperature your body maintains the rest of the day, this is for energy conservation and obviously to let your body rest. Simply put, keeping the temperature in your room lower may help your body ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why do i sleep better when its cold?
For some reason, when i open my window in the winter and im under the cover, I fall asleep fast. When its hot in the summer, it takes me a while to fall asleep or the heat wakes me up at some point during the sleep. Why? | [
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2ir9za | How if I have some software that requires a product key that you must pay for, that many people can use the same key? | title is kind of naff - sorry. What I mean is, people just put these codes up online, after its been redeemed once. How can people keep using it over and over? For example, a single product key for windows being used by thousands of people? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cl4oy87"
],
"text": [
"There are two ways that a product key can be validated. The first way is that the program \"phones home\" to check that the key is valid, and is tied to your account. This type of validation means that the same key can (usually) only be used once.\n\nBut the other way... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | How if I have some software that requires a product key that you must pay for, that many people can use the same key?
title is kind of naff - sorry. What I mean is, people just put these codes up online, after its been redeemed once. How can people keep using it over and over? For example, a single product key for wind... | [
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7b6o9n | How does a contagion spread from contact with an open wound to the target organ in the body ? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dpfm5z6"
],
"text": [
"Generally through the blood stream or the lymphatic vessels. When a contagion attacks a specific organ I.e. Hepatitis, it is because something about those cells allows that particular pathogen to attack/reproduce better than they do in other cells. They don’t move towar... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | How does a contagion spread from contact with an open wound to the target organ in the body ?
[deleted] | [
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25bbfn | Why can some people smoke and never get addicted, while other are addicted for life? | If nicotine is the factor which makes cigarettes addictive, and all the big brand cigarettes have it... Why is it some people can smoke today but then quit without having to deal with cravings at all by the next week?
I understand mind over matter etc. but what is the bigger factor mind or matter? and whats going on ... | explainlikeimfive | {
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],
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"Not everyone is equally susceptible to addiction to cigarettes. I can chain smoke for a few weeks and then just stop for a few weeks without it being an issue. I'm not sure why that is true for me but its possible it may be... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why can some people smoke and never get addicted, while other are addicted for life?
If nicotine is the factor which makes cigarettes addictive, and all the big brand cigarettes have it... Why is it some people can smoke today but then quit without having to deal with cravings at all by the next week? I understand mind... | [
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1maris | How does a state minimum wage increase impact people? | I heard today CA is voting on increasing min wage to $10 by 2016. My initial thought was, "well shit, everything will be even more expensive really soon."
I don't, however, really know much about how this works for the state/local economies, small businesses, or individuals. I guess Im looking for a breakdown of what ... | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cc7ej3f"
],
"text": [
"Essentially minimum wage increases due to inflation, inflation is the concept that money isn't worth as much as it used to, and therefore you need more of it (imagine your grandpa saying \"back in my day it cost a nickel for a loaf of bread\" bonus points for reading it... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | How does a state minimum wage increase impact people?
I heard today CA is voting on increasing min wage to $10 by 2016. My initial thought was, "well shit, everything will be even more expensive really soon." I don't, however, really know much about how this works for the state/local economies, small businesses, or ind... | [
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8bqhwa | Why do trained muscles get more volume rather than density? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dx8sakn",
"dx8sb9k"
],
"text": [
"Skeletal muscles are the muscles that you use for voluntary movement like your arms, legs, etc. They're made of myocytes, which have a limited ability to divide. Other cells in your body constantly divide, like your skin or the inside of your mouth (these... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why do trained muscles get more volume rather than density?
[deleted] | [
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1nt8gg | Why was the European Union created? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cclvgrr",
"cclwtt5"
],
"text": [
"Also, food-security. During the world wars food would be a scarce resource. The EU subsidizes farmers in the EU so they can compete with cheap food from outside the EU which was made with a lower wage for the workers.",
"This could probably be more ac... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/askhistorians"
]
} | train_eli5 | Why was the European Union created?
| [
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3nr8vz | In US, when a city is divided into two states, if a crime occurs in a part of city and the criminal is caught in different part of city, Is he also violated Federal Interstate laws? | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cvqjiqe"
],
"text": [
"Only if he committed the crime across the line.\n\nFor example, if I knock over a Quickie Mart in KS, and then flee to MO I've only committed a crime in KS. If a kidnap a guy in MO and take him to KS now I've committed a crime in both states as well as federally.\n\nIts... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | In US, when a city is divided into two states, if a crime occurs in a part of city and the criminal is caught in different part of city, Is he also violated Federal Interstate laws?
[removed] | [
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154rih | what happened to the hole in the ozone? Did we fix it, is it still there, was it never that big of a threat? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"c7j9yvh",
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],
"text": [
"We found replacements for chlorofluorocarbons and drastically cut down the rate at which we released them into the atmosphere. The holes are still there but have stopped growing and are on the path to recovery.",
"It's still there, it's... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | what happened to the hole in the ozone? Did we fix it, is it still there, was it never that big of a threat?
| [
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23h63v | When I put pressure on my eyes for an extended period of time I see really cool patterns that alternate. What is that? | Also what are those little squigglies that you can see in the corner of your eyes but never directly look at? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"your eye is full of liquid called the vitreous humour. when you press on your eyes, you're increasing the pressure of that fluid inside the eye; that in turn causes pressure to be ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphene"
]
} | train_eli5 | When I put pressure on my eyes for an extended period of time I see really cool patterns that alternate. What is that?
Also what are those little squigglies that you can see in the corner of your eyes but never directly look at? | [
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1ogcct | Why is Saudi Arabia an ally of the USA? | The country seems to be fascist. There is a huge amount of pretty extreme discrimination towards anyone who follows a Religion other than Sunni Islam, as well women and homosexuals. I understand that America and Saudi Arabia may want to maintain a good relationship for money's sake (although I don't fully understand th... | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"ccroqtk",
"ccrowt3"
],
"text": [
"Saudi Arabia has oil and wants money. \nUSA has money and wants oil. \nIt's pretty much as simple as that.",
"Realpolitik.\n\nWhen it all boils down, no one gives a shit about fascism, discrimination, religion, women or homosexuals. If Saudi Arabia ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why is Saudi Arabia an ally of the USA?
The country seems to be fascist. There is a huge amount of pretty extreme discrimination towards anyone who follows a Religion other than Sunni Islam, as well women and homosexuals. I understand that America and Saudi Arabia may want to maintain a good relationship for money's sa... | [
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8p3838 | How can Brick and mortar retailers continue to exist with online competitors | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e082imk",
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"e082p0o"
],
"text": [
"Somethings need to be touched or experienced. They can also do onsite repair and warranty work for value add\n\nValue add is the key. The appeal to niche markets or do something that email and returns isn't quite comfortable\n\nWould you... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | How can Brick and mortar retailers continue to exist with online competitors
[removed] | [
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zpoif | Why does the shower water become hotter when someone flushes the toilet? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"c66n2pj",
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],
"text": [
"your water heater heats water to anywhere from 120 to 180 degrees F. So in order to keep you from burning yourself cold water is mixed with the hot water to make a comfortable temperature. when a toilet is flushed it pulls a few gallons of water. thus,... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why does the shower water become hotter when someone flushes the toilet?
| [
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3aswuf | Do uncontacted tribes know we're here, like we are aware of their presence? | That comes off as a very weird question and probably a hard one to answer, I apologize in advance. | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"csfou8d",
"csfoa9q",
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],
"text": [
"My impression is that most of them are aware that some kind of big, huge, technologically advanced world exists, but they don't know shit about it. \n\nCommonly they are uncontacted because they want to be: being contacted tends to screw th... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"uncontactedtribes.org",
"http://www.uncontactedtribes.org/"
]
} | train_eli5 | Do uncontacted tribes know we're here, like we are aware of their presence?
That comes off as a very weird question and probably a hard one to answer, I apologize in advance. | [
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436epl | Why things glow white when they got real hot | hence, "white hot" | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"When anything is above 0 kelvin, it produces thermal radiation as its particles bump around and change energy levels etc. Thermal radiation is electromagnetic radiation. Light is electromagnetic radiation at a very specific range of wavelen... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.sun.org/uploads/images/mainimage_BlackbodySpectrum_2.png"
]
} | train_eli5 | Why things glow white when they got real hot
hence, "white hot" | [
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1upp85 | Why can't we just gargle an antiseptic to get rid of a sore throat? | I understand it may help a little, but why doesn't it completely help? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cekg68b",
"cekgd8l"
],
"text": [
"Because the source of your sore throat is not lying around on the surface of your throat, but within the soft tissue surrounding it. Its like saying that washing your chest with a bar of soap should alleviate a chest cold.",
"An antiseptic kills bacte... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why can't we just gargle an antiseptic to get rid of a sore throat?
I understand it may help a little, but why doesn't it completely help? | [
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1ecna8 | With the recent "Infinity Table" posts, can someone explain how they work? | I've tried finding something simple on google, but to no avail. I assume it has something to do with a projected image, but I didn't see a projector as one of the parts used. Is it a 1 way mirror (window on one side, mirror on the other) that's used?
The answer may be obvious to some, but to me, it looks like a mirror... | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"c9yyxyi"
],
"text": [
"First, let's explain what a \"one-way mirror\" is:\n\nIt is not a mirror that only reflects light going in one direction. It is a _partially reflective mirror_ that allows some light of either direction to go through, and reflect some light of either direction.\n\nWhat ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | With the recent "Infinity Table" posts, can someone explain how they work?
I've tried finding something simple on google, but to no avail. I assume it has something to do with a projected image, but I didn't see a projector as one of the parts used. Is it a 1 way mirror (window on one side, mirror on the other) that's ... | [
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6dip7y | Why are PIN codes not needed for online transactions? | explainlikeimfive | {
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],
"text": [
"Credit cards and debit cards, historically, worked with different banking networks and were developed with different mindsets. Credit cards chose to focus on signatures in the early days, while debit cards chose to use PINs.\n\nWith that history, though d... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.quora.com/Passwords-Why-dont-I-need-to-enter-my-PIN-when-I-use-a-credit-card-in-the-US"
]
} | train_eli5 | Why are PIN codes not needed for online transactions?
| [
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50cfzv | What is an orchestral conductor doing, and how can everyone follow what he's doing regardless of what instrument they have? | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"d72vw50"
],
"text": [
"He's keeping time. Each swing of the arm is a \"tic\" in the temp of the piece which all musicians, regardless of instrument need to keep in synch. He can also make larger or smaller movements to indicate changes in volume. And he will cue sections or individuals for sp... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | What is an orchestral conductor doing, and how can everyone follow what he's doing regardless of what instrument they have?
[removed] | [
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1vdjl1 | Why can't governments print "temporary" money to cover important expenses? | Why can't the government just have the mint or whatever just print up billions of dollars out of thin air to pay for important causes like medicine, research, etc. | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cer5ojo",
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"They do, and it causes inflation because the money doesn't have any material value behind it.\n\nMoney is just something we use to represent value. Without creating the value, the printed money isn't anything more than paper, which in turn, makes every pi... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why can't governments print "temporary" money to cover important expenses?
Why can't the government just have the mint or whatever just print up billions of dollars out of thin air to pay for important causes like medicine, research, etc. | [
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4dk0cj | Why can humans eat almost anything, yet so many foods like chocolate, grapes, and xylitol are dangerous for dogs and other mammals? | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"The premise of your question is basically flawed. We can't eat almost anything. About half of the red berries in existence are poisonous to us but not to birds, for example. The sa... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why can humans eat almost anything, yet so many foods like chocolate, grapes, and xylitol are dangerous for dogs and other mammals?
| [
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33r246 | Why are Americans more or less complacent with the income inequality in their country? | explainlikeimfive | {
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],
"text": [
"> It seems like people are ready to bitch about how somebody is literally Hitler for collecting food stamps \n\nThis is, unfortunately, the most successful way to *get* the extreme calcification of economies. When you blame the poorest and... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why are Americans more or less complacent with the income inequality in their country?
| [
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18dufv | How are those huge cranes that work on skyscrapers setup/made taller/moved to really high floors? | I see them all the time and I cant figure out how they even get them out of the building once the building is pretty much build around it. | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"c8dwcmx"
],
"text": [
"They're modular and self-assembling. The first structural piece under the rotation head, the lifter module, is more complex than the rest; it includes slides and jacks. The complete assembly process involves anchoring the base and setting up the horizontal arm. Once tha... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | How are those huge cranes that work on skyscrapers setup/made taller/moved to really high floors?
I see them all the time and I cant figure out how they even get them out of the building once the building is pretty much build around it. | [
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33iqtu | Why is cooking wine not regulated in stores like regular wine is? | I just bought red cooking wine at Walmart and wasn't stopped, even though it's 10% alcohol. (I went through self checkout, and I know they interrupt the purchase of beer and such to have an associate check your ID.) | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cql9wua"
],
"text": [
"Its not intended to be consumed as alcohol. Vanilla extract is well known way for minors to get alcohol."
],
"score": [
6
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why is cooking wine not regulated in stores like regular wine is?
I just bought red cooking wine at Walmart and wasn't stopped, even though it's 10% alcohol. (I went through self checkout, and I know they interrupt the purchase of beer and such to have an associate check your ID.) | [
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26t8mb | Making cocaine from the coca leaf. | Every time I search for it online I get a lot of technical chemistry explanations I can't understand. Could someone just simplify it for me? Thanks in advance. | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"chu8m1x"
],
"text": [
"this is about as simple as it gets \nfrom: _URL_0_\n\nHow Cocaine Is Made\n\nCocaine\n\nCocaine is a highly addictive stimulative drug that is manufactured from the leaves of the coca plant. It is classified as a central nervous system stimulant, but pharmacologically i... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://alcoholrehab.com/drug-addiction/how-cocaine-is-made/"
]
} | train_eli5 | Making cocaine from the coca leaf.
Every time I search for it online I get a lot of technical chemistry explanations I can't understand. Could someone just simplify it for me? Thanks in advance. | [
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1iezao | Why are Dolphins considered to be smart/advanced? | explainlikeimfive | {
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],
"text": [
"They have communities, basic communication skills, they understand death, they have sex for fun and rescue creatures that are in danger.",
"I believe it is related to the [Encephalization quotient](_URL_0_), though I'm no expert."
],
"score": [
... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encephalization_quotient"
]
} | train_eli5 | Why are Dolphins considered to be smart/advanced?
| [
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3to8lt | During the Middle Ages, what would happen if a country invaded another, and the invaded country couldn't afford to fight so it surrendered, but the invading country kept on fighting? | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cx7tqbf"
],
"text": [
"That's not really how treaties work. Treaties aren't like \"you get to keep all the land you've taken,\" they always specify very exact borders. If Country B truly had no will to fight, they would have given up all of their land (which is basically what an unconditional... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | During the Middle Ages, what would happen if a country invaded another, and the invaded country couldn't afford to fight so it surrendered, but the invading country kept on fighting?
[removed] | [
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3r6oge | How does the "brace" position in aircraft emergencies protect us? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"The position places the body in a way where the damage to the body will be minimized. \n\n_URL_0_\n\nthis is the result of not bracing. Bracing minimized the forces to the body"
],
"score": [
3
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2s3eq7"
]
} | train_eli5 | How does the "brace" position in aircraft emergencies protect us?
| [
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5dfnje | How are brain aneurysms diagnosed and treated? | I know how they work, but still don't get the diagnosis part. If a blood vessel could rupture and kill us at any time, how would we know beforehand? Also, how do platinum rods work? I'm planning a small project to create a new way to diagnose or possibly treat aneurysms, so any sources would be helpful. | explainlikeimfive | {
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],
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"Brain aneurysms are usually asymptomatic. The only time that they can otherwise be diagnosed is if they grow large enough to start bleeding, which can cause severe headaches, a lot of uncontrolled vomiting, and in other cases, they can compress the surrounding structure... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | How are brain aneurysms diagnosed and treated?
I know how they work, but still don't get the diagnosis part. If a blood vessel could rupture and kill us at any time, how would we know beforehand? Also, how do platinum rods work? I'm planning a small project to create a new way to diagnose or possibly treat aneurysms, s... | [
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2s1to4 | Why can certain types of batteries be recharged when others cannot? | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
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],
"score": [
6
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} | {
"url": []
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} | train_eli5 | Why can certain types of batteries be recharged when others cannot?
| [
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1dwbro | The US has more youth playing soccer than any other nation in the world. Why don't we have our own Messi? | Obviously Messi is an exceptional player - but why don't we have more Landon Donovans or Clint Dempseys? It can't just be because our domestic league isn't big. Just look at South American leagues and the international players they produce. Is it the competition from the other big sports? A failure to 'follow-through' ... | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"We have a lot of kids who play soccer, but the vast majority are in recreational leagues, not serious youth development programs like Messi went through. Those are growing along with the domestic league, though - the MLS Academy system just... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | The US has more youth playing soccer than any other nation in the world. Why don't we have our own Messi?
Obviously Messi is an exceptional player - but why don't we have more Landon Donovans or Clint Dempseys? It can't just be because our domestic league isn't big. Just look at South American leagues and the internati... | [
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2p8006 | Would increasing the minimum wage and setting a maximum wage strengthen the middle class? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"Because this is entirely speculative and subjective it's been removed. Try /r/futurewhatif instead, or /r/askreddit instead."
],
"score": [
2
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Would increasing the minimum wage and setting a maximum wage strengthen the middle class?
| [
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1ixlrc | (As an American) Why is freedom of speech protected from the government, but not corporations? | Question asked in light of Tumblr's new policies on NSFW-related blogs. | explainlikeimfive | {
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"cb96nyy",
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],
"text": [
"The Freedom of Speech does not grant you the right to say whatever you want, whenever you want, it merely prevents the GOVERNMENT from restricting your right to free speech. When it comes to private institution... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.tumblr.com/policy/en/terms_of_service"
]
} | train_eli5 | (As an American) Why is freedom of speech protected from the government, but not corporations?
Question asked in light of Tumblr's new policies on NSFW-related blogs. | [
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3edvi1 | Cosplay; is it just done for an event? Does one wear their outfit on multiple, random occasions? Is it just made for the photos? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"It's usually for a convention, which will run for several days. Some people wear the same costume to multiple conventions, others make a new one for each one.",
"I cosplay and can only speak for myself and my cosplay frie... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Cosplay; is it just done for an event? Does one wear their outfit on multiple, random occasions? Is it just made for the photos?
| [
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1x23tt | If there are concentration camps in North Korea that are similar to those found in Germany during WWII, why hasn't a military force such as NATO intervened? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cf7fvjh",
"cf7fw87",
"cf7i0fr",
"cf7gcjb"
],
"text": [
"This is asked a lot, but here it goes.\n\nNorth Korea would react violently if any force tried to offer aid to those in the camps.\n\nIf North Korea acted violently, there would probably be a war.\n\nIf there were a war, Chin... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | If there are concentration camps in North Korea that are similar to those found in Germany during WWII, why hasn't a military force such as NATO intervened?
| [
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1xnvc5 | Why is mercury the chosen substance for determining the temperature? | Just wondering why we chose mercury instead of any of the other chemicals. Maybe it's more accurate or something?
I did a quick search and didn't see it posted before. | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"cfd0itf",
"cfd0kwg",
"cfd0jav"
],
"text": [
"We actually don't use mercury anymore, we use alcohol. But the simple answer is because as a liquid metal it is conductive, and expands and contracts predictably (importantly, linearly) with temperature changes. Further, unlike water, it'... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | Why is mercury the chosen substance for determining the temperature?
Just wondering why we chose mercury instead of any of the other chemicals. Maybe it's more accurate or something? I did a quick search and didn't see it posted before. | [
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4azdlw | How do women's menstrual synchronize if they spend a lot of time together? | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"d14r6bl"
],
"text": [
"They do not. It is a common misconception. They will occasionally *overlap*, in the same way as if you watch a bunch of cars with their blinkers on, but they don't synchronise."
],
"score": [
6
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | How do women's menstrual synchronize if they spend a lot of time together?
[removed] | [
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512m77 | Why do lights and stars sometimes appear to have points sticking out of them? | Like, when you look at a star you'll sometimes see 4 points sticking out diagonally, why does that occur? | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"d795ypg"
],
"text": [
"If you are thinking of photos then they are called [diffraction spikes](_URL_0_) and are caused by the wires that keep a mirror in place."
],
"score": [
2
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffraction_spike"
]
} | train_eli5 | Why do lights and stars sometimes appear to have points sticking out of them?
Like, when you look at a star you'll sometimes see 4 points sticking out diagonally, why does that occur? | [
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8i5nbh | I am confused about how many KB are in 1 MB. Some sources seem to say 1000 and others say 1024. Which is it? | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
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],
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"1024, 1000 is rounded out, u don't say \"hey that burger is 1,99\" you say: \"hey that burger is 2 dollars\"",
"There are several usages for it:\n\n- In disk size measurement: Initially it was \"1 megabyte is 1024 kilobytes\", but when they started to... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | I am confused about how many KB are in 1 MB. Some sources seem to say 1000 and others say 1024. Which is it?
[removed] | [
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5nbh7c | What would happen if a male took female viagra? | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"The active component of Viagra is nitric oxide, it has the same hormonal effects on males and females which lead to the sex specific responses. So, an erection for men."
],
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2
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | What would happen if a male took female viagra?
[removed] | [
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6ht8kt | How has the sloth been able to survive natural selection for millions of years without predators wiping out the species. | [removed] | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"Sloths tend to stay in the trees, The only real predators they could have in their environment tend to stick to the forest floor.\n\nThe biggest threat to their species are of course humans though, Several varieties of sloth all over the world have actual... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | train_eli5 | How has the sloth been able to survive natural selection for millions of years without predators wiping out the species.
[removed] | [
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