id
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audioduration (s) 1.11
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float64 1.11
10.1
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LJ001-0001
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0001.wav
|
Printing, in the only sense with which we are at present concerned, differs from most if not from all the arts and crafts represented in the Exhibition
|
Printing, in the only sense with which we are at present concerned, differs from most if not from all the arts and crafts represented in the Exhibition
| 9.655011
|
|
LJ001-0002
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0002.wav
|
in being comparatively modern.
|
in being comparatively modern.
| 1.899546
|
|
LJ001-0003
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0003.wav
|
For although the Chinese took impressions from wood blocks engraved in relief for centuries before the woodcutters of the Netherlands, by a similar process
|
For although the Chinese took impressions from wood blocks engraved in relief for centuries before the woodcutters of the Netherlands, by a similar process
| 9.666621
|
|
LJ001-0004
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0004.wav
|
produced the block books, which were the immediate predecessors of the true printed book,
|
produced the block books, which were the immediate predecessors of the true printed book,
| 5.13873
|
|
LJ001-0005
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0005.wav
|
the invention of movable metal letters in the middle of the fifteenth century may justly be considered as the invention of the art of printing.
|
the invention of movable metal letters in the middle of the fifteenth century may justly be considered as the invention of the art of printing.
| 8.110884
|
|
LJ001-0006
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0006.wav
|
And it is worth mention in passing that, as an example of fine typography,
|
And it is worth mention in passing that, as an example of fine typography,
| 5.684399
|
|
LJ001-0007
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0007.wav
|
the earliest book printed with movable types, the Gutenberg, or "forty-two line Bible" of about 1455,
|
the earliest book printed with movable types, the Gutenberg, or "forty-two line Bible" of about fourteen fifty-five,
| 8.389524
|
|
LJ001-0008
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0008.wav
|
has never been surpassed.
|
has never been surpassed.
| 1.783447
|
|
LJ001-0009
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0009.wav
|
Printing, then, for our purpose, may be considered as the art of making books by means of movable types.
|
Printing, then, for our purpose, may be considered as the art of making books by means of movable types.
| 7.553605
|
|
LJ001-0010
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0010.wav
|
Now, as all books not primarily intended as picture-books consist principally of types composed to form letterpress,
|
Now, as all books not primarily intended as picture-books consist principally of types composed to form letterpress,
| 8.819093
|
|
LJ001-0011
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0011.wav
|
it is of the first importance that the letter used should be fine in form;
|
it is of the first importance that the letter used should be fine in form;
| 4.511791
|
|
LJ001-0012
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0012.wav
|
especially as no more time is occupied, or cost incurred, in casting, setting, or printing beautiful letters
|
especially as no more time is occupied, or cost incurred, in casting, setting, or printing beautiful letters
| 8.238594
|
|
LJ001-0013
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0013.wav
|
than in the same operations with ugly ones.
|
than in the same operations with ugly ones.
| 2.584535
|
|
LJ001-0014
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0014.wav
|
And it was a matter of course that in the Middle Ages, when the craftsmen took care that beautiful form should always be a part of their productions whatever they were,
|
And it was a matter of course that in the Middle Ages, when the craftsmen took care that beautiful form should always be a part of their productions whatever they were,
| 9.945261
|
|
LJ001-0015
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0015.wav
|
the forms of printed letters should be beautiful, and that their arrangement on the page should be reasonable and a help to the shapeliness of the letters themselves.
|
the forms of printed letters should be beautiful, and that their arrangement on the page should be reasonable and a help to the shapeliness of the letters themselves.
| 9.237052
|
|
LJ001-0016
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0016.wav
|
The Middle Ages brought calligraphy to perfection, and it was natural therefore
|
The Middle Ages brought calligraphy to perfection, and it was natural therefore
| 5.26644
|
|
LJ001-0017
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0017.wav
|
that the forms of printed letters should follow more or less closely those of the written character, and they followed them very closely.
|
that the forms of printed letters should follow more or less closely those of the written character, and they followed them very closely.
| 7.019546
|
|
LJ001-0018
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0018.wav
|
The first books were printed in black letter, i.e. the letter which was a Gothic development of the ancient Roman character,
|
The first books were printed in black letter, i.e. the letter which was a Gothic development of the ancient Roman character,
| 7.483946
|
|
LJ001-0019
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0019.wav
|
and which developed more completely and satisfactorily on the side of the "lower-case" than the capital letters;
|
and which developed more completely and satisfactorily on the side of the "lower-case" than the capital letters;
| 6.415828
|
|
LJ001-0020
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0020.wav
|
the "lower-case" being in fact invented in the early Middle Ages.
|
the "lower-case" being in fact invented in the early Middle Ages.
| 4.674331
|
|
LJ001-0021
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0021.wav
|
The earliest book printed with movable type, the aforesaid Gutenberg Bible, is printed in letters which are an exact imitation
|
The earliest book printed with movable type, the aforesaid Gutenberg Bible, is printed in letters which are an exact imitation
| 8.610113
|
|
LJ001-0022
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0022.wav
|
of the more formal ecclesiastical writing which obtained at that time; this has since been called "missal type,"
|
of the more formal ecclesiastical writing which obtained at that time; this has since been called "missal type,"
| 7.054376
|
|
LJ001-0023
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0023.wav
|
and was in fact the kind of letter used in the many splendid missals, psalters, etc., produced by printing in the fifteenth century.
|
and was in fact the kind of letter used in the many splendid missals, psalters, etc., produced by printing in the fifteenth century.
| 8.447574
|
|
LJ001-0024
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0024.wav
|
But the first Bible actually dated (which also was printed at Maintz by Peter Schoeffer in the year 1462)
|
But the first Bible actually dated (which also was printed at Maintz by Peter Schoeffer in the year fourteen sixty-two)
| 7.855465
|
|
LJ001-0025
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0025.wav
|
imitates a much freer hand, simpler, rounder, and less spiky, and therefore far pleasanter and easier to read.
|
imitates a much freer hand, simpler, rounder, and less spiky, and therefore far pleasanter and easier to read.
| 8.865533
|
|
LJ001-0026
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0026.wav
|
On the whole the type of this book may be considered the ne-plus-ultra of Gothic type,
|
On the whole the type of this book may be considered the ne-plus-ultra of Gothic type,
| 6.090748
|
|
LJ001-0027
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0027.wav
|
especially as regards the lower-case letters; and type very similar was used during the next fifteen or twenty years not only by Schoeffer,
|
especially as regards the lower-case letters; and type very similar was used during the next fifteen or twenty years not only by Schoeffer,
| 9.643401
|
|
LJ001-0028
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0028.wav
|
but by printers in Strasburg, Basle, Paris, Lubeck, and other cities.
|
but by printers in Strasburg, Basle, Paris, Lubeck, and other cities.
| 5.928209
|
|
LJ001-0029
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0029.wav
|
But though on the whole, except in Italy, Gothic letter was most often used
|
But though on the whole, except in Italy, Gothic letter was most often used
| 5.32449
|
|
LJ001-0030
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0030.wav
|
a very few years saw the birth of Roman character not only in Italy, but in Germany and France.
|
a very few years saw the birth of Roman character not only in Italy, but in Germany and France.
| 6.915057
|
|
LJ001-0031
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0031.wav
|
In 1465 Sweynheim and Pannartz began printing in the monastery of Subiaco near Rome,
|
In fourteen sixty-five Sweynheim and Pannartz began printing in the monastery of Subiaco near Rome,
| 7.855465
|
|
LJ001-0032
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0032.wav
|
and used an exceedingly beautiful type, which is indeed to look at a transition between Gothic and Roman,
|
and used an exceedingly beautiful type, which is indeed to look at a transition between Gothic and Roman,
| 7.077596
|
|
LJ001-0033
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0033.wav
|
but which must certainly have come from the study of the twelfth or even the eleventh century MSS.
|
but which must certainly have come from the study of the twelfth or even the eleventh century MSS.
| 6.880227
|
|
LJ001-0034
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0034.wav
|
They printed very few books in this type, three only; but in their very first books in Rome, beginning with the year 1468,
|
They printed very few books in this type, three only; but in their very first books in Rome, beginning with the year fourteen sixty-eight,
| 9.086122
|
|
LJ001-0035
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0035.wav
|
they discarded this for a more completely Roman and far less beautiful letter.
|
they discarded this for a more completely Roman and far less beautiful letter.
| 5.05746
|
|
LJ001-0036
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0036.wav
|
But about the same year Mentelin at Strasburg began to print in a type which is distinctly Roman;
|
But about the same year Mentelin at Strasburg began to print in a type which is distinctly Roman;
| 7.333016
|
|
LJ001-0037
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0037.wav
|
and the next year Gunther Zeiner at Augsburg followed suit;
|
and the next year Gunther Zeiner at Augsburg followed suit;
| 4.256372
|
|
LJ001-0038
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0038.wav
|
while in 1470 at Paris Udalric Gering and his associates turned out the first books printed in France, also in Roman character.
|
while in fourteen seventy at Paris Udalric Gering and his associates turned out the first books printed in France, also in Roman character.
| 9.724671
|
|
LJ001-0039
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0039.wav
|
The Roman type of all these printers is similar in character,
|
The Roman type of all these printers is similar in character,
| 3.757143
|
|
LJ001-0040
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0040.wav
|
and is very simple and legible, and unaffectedly designed for use; but it is by no means without beauty.
|
and is very simple and legible, and unaffectedly designed for use; but it is by no means without beauty.
| 7.588435
|
|
LJ001-0041
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0041.wav
|
It must be said that it is in no way like the transition type of Subiaco,
|
It must be said that it is in no way like the transition type of Subiaco,
| 4.952971
|
|
LJ001-0042
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0042.wav
|
and though more Roman than that, yet scarcely more like the complete Roman type of the earliest printers of Rome.
|
and though more Roman than that, yet scarcely more like the complete Roman type of the earliest printers of Rome.
| 6.671247
|
|
LJ001-0043
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0043.wav
|
A further development of the Roman letter took place at Venice.
|
A further development of the Roman letter took place at Venice.
| 3.896463
|
|
LJ001-0044
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0044.wav
|
John of Spires and his brother Vindelin, followed by Nicholas Jenson, began to print in that city,
|
John of Spires and his brother Vindelin, followed by Nicholas Jenson, began to print in that city,
| 6.984717
|
|
LJ001-0045
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0045.wav
|
1469, 1470;
|
fourteen sixty-nine, fourteen seventy;
| 3.025714
|
|
LJ001-0046
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0046.wav
|
their type is on the lines of the German and French rather than of the Roman printers.
|
their type is on the lines of the German and French rather than of the Roman printers.
| 5.40576
|
|
LJ001-0047
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0047.wav
|
Of Jenson it must be said that he carried the development of Roman type as far as it can go:
|
Of Jenson it must be said that he carried the development of Roman type as far as it can go:
| 5.928209
|
|
LJ001-0048
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0048.wav
|
his letter is admirably clear and regular, but at least as beautiful as any other Roman type.
|
his letter is admirably clear and regular, but at least as beautiful as any other Roman type.
| 6.322948
|
|
LJ001-0049
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0049.wav
|
After his death in the "fourteen eighties," or at least by 1490, printing in Venice had declined very much;
|
After his death in the "fourteen eighties," or at least by fourteen ninety, printing in Venice had declined very much;
| 7.716145
|
|
LJ001-0050
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0050.wav
|
and though the famous family of Aldus restored its technical excellence, rejecting battered letters,
|
and though the famous family of Aldus restored its technical excellence, rejecting battered letters,
| 7.274966
|
|
LJ001-0051
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0051.wav
|
and paying great attention to the "press work" or actual process of printing,
|
and paying great attention to the "press work" or actual process of printing,
| 4.860091
|
|
LJ001-0052
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0052.wav
|
yet their type is artistically on a much lower level than Jenson's, and in fact
|
yet their type is artistically on a much lower level than Jenson's, and in fact
| 5.37093
|
|
LJ001-0053
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0053.wav
|
they must be considered to have ended the age of fine printing in Italy.
|
they must be considered to have ended the age of fine printing in Italy.
| 4.581451
|
|
LJ001-0054
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0054.wav
|
Jenson, however, had many contemporaries who used beautiful type,
|
Jenson, however, had many contemporaries who used beautiful type,
| 4.337642
|
|
LJ001-0055
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0055.wav
|
some of which -- as, e.g., that of Jacobus Rubeus or Jacques le Rouge -- is scarcely distinguishable from his.
|
some of which -- as, e.g., that of Jacobus Rubeus or Jacques le Rouge -- is scarcely distinguishable from his.
| 8.610113
|
|
LJ001-0056
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0056.wav
|
It was these great Venetian printers, together with their brethren of Rome, Milan,
|
It was these great Venetian printers, together with their brethren of Rome, Milan,
| 5.498639
|
|
LJ001-0057
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0057.wav
|
Parma, and one or two other cities, who produced the splendid editions of the Classics, which are one of the great glories of the printer's art,
|
Parma, and one or two other cities, who produced the splendid editions of the Classics, which are one of the great glories of the printer's art,
| 8.482404
|
|
LJ001-0058
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0058.wav
|
and are worthy representatives of the eager enthusiasm for the revived learning of that epoch. By far,
|
and are worthy representatives of the eager enthusiasm for the revived learning of that epoch. By far,
| 7.379456
|
|
LJ001-0059
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0059.wav
|
the greater part of these Italian printers, it should be mentioned, were Germans or Frenchmen, working under the influence of Italian opinion and aims.
|
the greater part of these Italian printers, it should be mentioned, were Germans or Frenchmen, working under the influence of Italian opinion and aims.
| 9.062902
|
|
LJ001-0060
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0060.wav
|
It must be understood that through the whole of the fifteenth and the first quarter of the sixteenth centuries
|
It must be understood that through the whole of the fifteenth and the first quarter of the sixteenth centuries
| 6.775737
|
|
LJ001-0061
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0061.wav
|
the Roman letter was used side by side with the Gothic.
|
the Roman letter was used side by side with the Gothic.
| 3.501723
|
|
LJ001-0062
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0062.wav
|
Even in Italy most of the theological and law books were printed in Gothic letter,
|
Even in Italy most of the theological and law books were printed in Gothic letter,
| 5.20839
|
|
LJ001-0063
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0063.wav
|
which was generally more formally Gothic than the printing of the German workmen,
|
which was generally more formally Gothic than the printing of the German workmen,
| 4.569841
|
|
LJ001-0064
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0064.wav
|
many of whose types, indeed, like that of the Subiaco works, are of a transitional character.
|
many of whose types, indeed, like that of the Subiaco works, are of a transitional character.
| 5.881769
|
|
LJ001-0065
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0065.wav
|
This was notably the case with the early works printed at Ulm, and in a somewhat lesser degree at Augsburg.
|
This was notably the case with the early works printed at Ulm, and in a somewhat lesser degree at Augsburg.
| 7.077596
|
|
LJ001-0066
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0066.wav
|
In fact Gunther Zeiner's first type (afterwards used by Schussler) is remarkably like the type of the before-mentioned Subiaco books.
|
In fact Gunther Zeiner's first type (afterwards used by Schussler) is remarkably like the type of the before-mentioned Subiaco books.
| 9.585351
|
|
LJ001-0067
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0067.wav
|
In the Low Countries and Cologne, which were very fertile of printed books, Gothic was the favorite.
|
In the Low Countries and Cologne, which were very fertile of printed books, Gothic was the favorite.
| 6.973107
|
|
LJ001-0068
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0068.wav
|
The characteristic Dutch type, as represented by the excellent printer Gerard Leew, is very pronounced and uncompromising Gothic.
|
The characteristic Dutch type, as represented by the excellent printer Gerard Leew, is very pronounced and uncompromising Gothic.
| 9.120952
|
|
LJ001-0069
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0069.wav
|
This type was introduced into England by Wynkyn de Worde, Caxton's successor,
|
This type was introduced into England by Wynkyn de Worde, Caxton's successor,
| 5.568299
|
|
LJ001-0070
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0070.wav
|
and was used there with very little variation all through the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and indeed into the eighteenth.
|
and was used there with very little variation all through the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and indeed into the eighteenth.
| 7.785805
|
|
LJ001-0071
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0071.wav
|
Most of Caxton's own types are of an earlier character, though they also much resemble Flemish or Cologne letter.
|
Most of Caxton's own types are of an earlier character, though they also much resemble Flemish or Cologne letter.
| 7.367846
|
|
LJ001-0072
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0072.wav
|
After the end of the fifteenth century the degradation of printing, especially in Germany and Italy,
|
After the end of the fifteenth century the degradation of printing, especially in Germany and Italy,
| 6.497098
|
|
LJ001-0073
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0073.wav
|
went on apace; and by the end of the sixteenth century there was no really beautiful printing done:
|
went on apace; and by the end of the sixteenth century there was no really beautiful printing done:
| 7.089206
|
|
LJ001-0074
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0074.wav
|
the best, mostly French or Low-Country, was neat and clear, but without any distinction;
|
the best, mostly French or Low-Country, was neat and clear, but without any distinction;
| 6.508707
|
|
LJ001-0075
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0075.wav
|
the worst, which perhaps was the English, was a terrible falling-off from the work of the earlier presses;
|
the worst, which perhaps was the English, was a terrible falling-off from the work of the earlier presses;
| 6.810567
|
|
LJ001-0076
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0076.wav
|
and things got worse and worse through the whole of the seventeenth century, so that in the eighteenth printing was very miserably performed.
|
and things got worse and worse through the whole of the seventeenth century, so that in the eighteenth printing was very miserably performed.
| 8.970023
|
|
LJ001-0077
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0077.wav
|
In England about this time, an attempt was made (notably by Caslon, who started business in London as a type-founder in 1720)
|
In England about this time, an attempt was made (notably by Caslon, who started business in London as a type-founder in seventeen twenty)
| 9.364762
|
|
LJ001-0078
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0078.wav
|
to improve the letter in form.
|
to improve the letter in form.
| 1.957596
|
|
LJ001-0079
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0079.wav
|
Caslon's type is clear and neat, and fairly well designed;
|
Caslon's type is clear and neat, and fairly well designed;
| 4.418912
|
|
LJ001-0080
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0080.wav
|
he seems to have taken the letter of the Elzevirs of the seventeenth century for his model:
|
he seems to have taken the letter of the Elzevirs of the seventeenth century for his model:
| 5.39415
|
|
LJ001-0081
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0081.wav
|
type cast from his matrices is still in everyday use.
|
type cast from his matrices is still in everyday use.
| 4.546621
|
|
LJ001-0082
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0082.wav
|
In spite, however, of his praiseworthy efforts, printing had still one last degradation to undergo.
|
In spite, however, of his praiseworthy efforts, printing had still one last degradation to undergo.
| 6.903447
|
|
LJ001-0083
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0083.wav
|
The seventeenth century founts were bad rather negatively than positively.
|
The seventeenth century founts were bad rather negatively than positively.
| 4.99941
|
|
LJ001-0084
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0084.wav
|
But for the beauty of the earlier work they might have seemed tolerable.
|
But for the beauty of the earlier work they might have seemed tolerable.
| 4.209932
|
|
LJ001-0085
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0085.wav
|
It was reserved for the founders of the later eighteenth century to produce letters which are positively ugly, and which, it may be added,
|
It was reserved for the founders of the later eighteenth century to produce letters which are positively ugly, and which, it may be added,
| 8.319864
|
|
LJ001-0086
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0086.wav
|
are dazzling and unpleasant to the eye owing to the clumsy thickening and vulgar thinning of the lines:
|
are dazzling and unpleasant to the eye owing to the clumsy thickening and vulgar thinning of the lines:
| 6.775737
|
|
LJ001-0087
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0087.wav
|
for the seventeenth-century letters are at least pure and simple in line. The Italian, Bodoni, and the Frenchman, Didot,
|
for the seventeenth-century letters are at least pure and simple in line. The Italian, Bodoni, and the Frenchman, Didot,
| 8.250204
|
|
LJ001-0088
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0088.wav
|
were the leaders in this luckless change, though our own Baskerville, who was at work some years before them, went much on the same lines;
|
were the leaders in this luckless change, though our own Baskerville, who was at work some years before them, went much on the same lines;
| 8.749433
|
|
LJ001-0089
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0089.wav
|
but his letters, though uninteresting and poor, are not nearly so gross and vulgar as those of either the Italian or the Frenchman.
|
but his letters, though uninteresting and poor, are not nearly so gross and vulgar as those of either the Italian or the Frenchman.
| 8.668163
|
|
LJ001-0090
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0090.wav
|
With this change the art of printing touched bottom,
|
With this change the art of printing touched bottom,
| 3.269524
|
|
LJ001-0091
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0091.wav
|
so far as fine printing is concerned, though paper did not get to its worst till about 1840.
|
so far as fine printing is concerned, though paper did not get to its worst till about eighteen forty.
| 6.659637
|
|
LJ001-0092
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0092.wav
|
The Chiswick press in 1844 revived Caslon's founts, printing for Messrs. Longman the Diary of Lady Willoughby.
|
The Chiswick press in eighteen forty-four revived Caslon's founts, printing for Messrs. Longman the Diary of Lady Willoughby.
| 7.983175
|
|
LJ001-0093
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0093.wav
|
This experiment was so far successful that about 1850 Messrs. Miller and Richard of Edinburgh
|
This experiment was so far successful that about eighteen fifty Messrs. Miller and Richard of Edinburgh
| 7.124036
|
|
LJ001-0094
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0094.wav
|
were induced to cut punches for a series of "old style" letters.
|
were induced to cut punches for a series of "old style" letters.
| 4.302812
|
|
LJ001-0095
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0095.wav
|
These and similar founts, cast by the above firm and others,
|
These and similar founts, cast by the above firm and others,
| 4.198322
|
|
LJ001-0096
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0096.wav
|
have now come into general use and are obviously a great improvement on the ordinary "modern style" in use in England, which is in fact the Bodoni type
|
have now come into general use and are obviously a great improvement on the ordinary "modern style" in use in England, which is in fact the Bodoni type
| 9.666621
|
|
LJ001-0097
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0097.wav
|
a little reduced in ugliness. The design of the letters of this modern "old style" leaves a good deal to be desired,
|
a little reduced in ugliness. The design of the letters of this modern "old style" leaves a good deal to be desired,
| 8.238594
|
|
LJ001-0098
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0098.wav
|
and the whole effect is a little too gray, owing to the thinness of the letters.
|
and the whole effect is a little too gray, owing to the thinness of the letters.
| 4.651111
|
|
LJ001-0099
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0099.wav
|
It must be remembered, however, that most modern printing is done by machinery on soft paper, and not by the hand press,
|
It must be remembered, however, that most modern printing is done by machinery on soft paper, and not by the hand press,
| 8.029615
|
|
LJ001-0100
|
/Users/dinhbinh/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/033de4dbe8bc8a2011d8bdd8725e14df071b998f8bf25fdf81ac425dfa06e9bd/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0100.wav
|
and these somewhat wiry letters are suitable for the machine process, which would not do justice to letters of more generous design.
|
and these somewhat wiry letters are suitable for the machine process, which would not do justice to letters of more generous design.
| 8.586893
|
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