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"original_study": {
"claim": {
"hypothesis": "Women are more concerned about COVID-19 than men.",
"hypothesis_location": "Gender differences in concern are reported in the Results section under 'Fear', page 5, where women show higher agreement that they are worried about COVID-19.",
"statement": "The study finds that women report significantly higher concern about COVID-19 than men, with 68.2% of women agreeing that they are worried about COVID-19 compared to 55.7% of men (p < .01).",
"statement_location": "Results section, page 5.",
"study_type": "Observational"
},
"data": {
"source": "Online access panel survey of adults in Germany conducted by an ISO-certified panel provider.",
"wave_or_subset": "Data collected from 19–23 March 2020.",
"sample_size": "1242 respondents after data cleansing.",
"unit_of_analysis": "Individual respondent.",
"access_details": "not stated",
"notes": "Respondents were quota-sampled to be online-representative by gender, age, and federal state. All survey questions were mandatory. Respondents who completed the survey in under seven minutes were removed."
},
"method": {
"description": "The study measured concern about COVID-19 using Likert-scale items and compared responses between women and men to assess gender differences in expressed concern.",
"steps": [
"Administer a mandatory-question online survey to adult respondents in Germany.",
"Measure concern using the item: 'The COVID-19 worries me' on a 5-point Likert scale.",
"Calculate the percentage of respondents agreeing ('strongly agree' or 'agree') by gender.",
"Compare percentages between women and men and report statistical significance."
],
"models": "not stated (results reported as descriptive percentages with significance testing).",
"outcome_variable": "Agreement with the statement 'The COVID-19 worries me' (5-point Likert scale, summarized as percentage agreeing).",
"independent_variables": "Gender (women vs. men).",
"control_variables": "not stated (no regression or adjusted model is reported).",
"tools_software": "not stated"
},
"results": {
"summary": "Women express significantly more concern about COVID-19 than men, as measured by agreement with the statement 'The COVID-19 worries me.'",
"numerical_results": [
{
"outcome_name": "Percentage agreeing they are worried about COVID-19",
"value": 68.2,
"unit": "percentage of women agreeing",
"effect_size": "difference in proportions (68.2% vs 55.7%)",
"confidence_interval": {
"lower": "not stated",
"upper": "not stated",
"level": "not stated"
},
"p_value": "< .01",
"statistical_significance": 1,
"direction": "positive"
}
]
},
"metadata": {
"original_paper_id": "not stated",
"original_paper_title": "COVID-19: Risk perception and coping strategies. Results from a survey in Germany.",
"original_paper_code": "not stated",
"original_paper_data": "not stated"
}
}
} |