Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Well defined soft tissue density ( ~ 30 HU) mass lesion measures 4 x 5 x 10 cm, AP X TR X CC dimensions respectively seen within the left rectus sheath, the mass shows mild progressive homogenous post I.V contrast enhancement. The mass compressing the underlying left anterior abdominal wall.Another mass lesion measures ~ 2.5 cm diameter insinuated between splenic hilum, the tail of pancreas and posterior gastric wall, the mass showing similar density and post-contrast enhancement.Postoperative changes with a large midline incision, divarication of recti, thickening of the anterior abdominal wall at the midline and multiple small and large bowel loops inseparable from the inner surface of the anterior abdominal wall.Elliptical shape lesion seen posterior to the anterior abdominal wall at the right iliac fossa measures 14 x 28 mm, showing small dense focus and peripheral post-contrast enhancement.Left lower posterior chest wall subcutaneous fluid density collection suggestive of a sebaceous cyst.L1 hemivertebra causing mild kyphosis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A soft tissue density mass on the left side of the sella is associated with bony remodelling and on post-contrast imaging appears to enhance similarly to the adjacent internal carotid artery.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Very large hyperdense intra-axial lobar haemorrhage occupying most of the right frontal lobe and extending into the ventricular system. At its maximum diameter, the haemorrhage measures 95 mm. It exerts marked positive mass effect, severely compressing the right lateral ventricle, with 12 mm of subfalcine herniation to the left.As an additional finding, a chronic hypodensity in left precentral cortex is noted, likely representing an old infarct.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Right retrocaval ureter is seen with proximal hydroureter and moderate right hydronephrosis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large well defined cystic lesion with vascular soft tissue component is seen anterior to the left carotid vessels causing mass effect on the left internal jugular, the lesion measures 52 mm x 40 mm x 20 mm. No similar lesions seen.Thyroid gland shows multiple nodules as described in USS report.Few reactive lymph nodes are seen bilaterally in upper cervical and submandibular region.Normal bilateral submandibular and parotid glands.Normal parapharyngeal and retropharyngeal spaces.Upper chest is unremarkable.Normal opacification of the carotid space vessels.Impression:The presence of cystic lesion in the neck with associated thyroid nodules makes metastasis from papillary thyroid carcinoma the most likely possibility.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The native kidneys and pancreas are severely atrophic. The renal transplant in the left iliac fossa demonstrates normal perfusion and there is no obstruction or focal lesion evident. No perinephric fat stranding. The pancreatic transplant is located in the right iliac fossa. The adjacent portion of the donor duodenum appears blind-ending and is dilated and contains faecalised material. The small bowel upstream from this is dilated and fluid-filled within the upper abdomen. The distal small bowel and large bowel is not dilated. There is no fat stranding surrounding the pancreas transplant. The vascular anastomosis to the iliac vessels is normal.No retroperitoneal or free intraperitoneal fluid. The spleen, adrenal glands and liver are unremarkable. The gallbladder is contracted and contains numerous calculi. No biliary dilatation. Extensive native vascular calcification.Left lower lobe ovoid lesion with calcification is stable. Minor posterior atelectasis at the lung bases. Extensive coronary artery and mitral annular calcification.No focal or diffuse bony abnormality.IMPRESSIONDilated donor duodenum adjacent to the pancreatic transplant, with faecalised luminal contents indicating the transition point for upstream small bowel obstruction.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Edematous pancreas with large acute peripancreatic fluid collections (APFCs). No CT evidence of pancreatic or peripancreatic necrosis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Huge laminated left staghorn calculus (see lamination on the bone window images).Multiple large cortical stones in the left kidney.The left kidney is enlarged measuring 23 cm BPD, but with several areas of cortical thinning.No ureteric stones.Multiple left para-aortic nodes up to 1.5 cm.Normal right kidney.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is hypoplasia of the right lung, manifested by decrease in volume of the right lung, decreased in caliber of the bronchial tree, and decrease in caliber of the pulmonary arterial circulation. There is no evidence of bronchiectasis or old inflammatory disease. A pinpoint calcified granuloma is present in right lung. The pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium, with no evidence of anomalous pulmonary venous return. There is decrease in diameter of the right pulmonary artery compared to the left pulmonary artery.There is absence of the right superior vena cava. The left superior vena cava drains via the coronary sinus into the right atrium.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Axial post-contrast images of the abdomen show a large non-enhancing cystic lesion measuring 9 x 8 x 8 cm superior to the urinary bladder. The minimally enhancing heterogeneous solid lesion adjacent to the cyst represents a twisted right ovary.Coronal post-contrast images depict the relationship of the cyst with the twisted right ovary and the urinary bladder. There is trace free fluid in the pelvic cavity.The left ovary is normal in position and attenuation.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT abdomen and pelvis with portal venous phase contrast demonstrates small bowel obstruction with transition point at the terminal ileum in which a large oblong shaped foreign body is impacted. This contains mixed metallic and possibly plastic components, which contains gas locules.Although there is history of an intra-gastric balloon, this is not seen within the stomach. Therefore the findings are highly concerning for a spontaneously deflated and migrated intra-gastric balloon. There are also several short segments of narrowing and thickening of the small bowel proximal to this which are likely secondary to the passage of the balloon. Small volume of pelvic free fluid. No evidence of pneumoperitoneum. Patient went to theatre and had a terminal ileum enterotomy performed in which a deflated, migrated intra-gastric balloon was confirmed and removed


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large right convexity extra-axial collection with hematocrit level and wispy focal high attenuation foci within the dependent higher attenuation fluid. Mass effect with leftward midline shift. Trapping of the left lateral ventricle.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: 11 x 8 x 10 cm well-defined cavitating lesion seen in the right lower lobe extending up to the apical segment with thick enhancing irregular walls. Intracavity gas fluid level within. Adjacent basal segments of the right lower lobe consolidation. Small right basal pleural effusion.Multifocal patchy ground-glass and dense airspace opacities some of which are peripherally based in both upper lobes, lingula, and right middle lobe. Focal atelectasis in the left lower lobe adjacent to the hiatus hernia. Minor tree in bud nodularity in the left lower lobe basal segments.Small-volume mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a saccular aneurysmal dilatation extending anterolaterally on the left side of the infrarenal abdominal aorta, with a neck of 2.2 cm (longitudinal), depth of 2.3 cm (transverse) and longitudinal extension of 3.5 cm. A thick fat stranding surrounds this vascular dilation and, contrasting to the remainder aorta, no atheromatous calcifications are present in its walls. Inferiorly in the abdominal aorta, a intimal flap with atheromatous calcification is identified crossing the centre of the opacified aortic lumen and may represent a chronic dissection.The liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys and adrenal glands are normal. No abnormality of the bowel is identified. There is no free fluid or free gas.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT images show dilatation of intrahepatic ducts with multiple small hypo-attenuating lesions in hepatic parenchyma.Prominent common bile duct and marked dilatation of pancreatic duct was also noted, which can also give the possibility of ascaris worms in these ducts.Mild ascites was present.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Small right hemothorax. Right adrenal hematoma. Several right hepatic lobe lacerations. Injury of the right renal artery with active extravasation and a large amount of hemoretroperitoneum extending into pelvis/space of Retzius. Small areas of cortical hypoenhancement of the medial/upper cortex are likely infarcts.Small amount of blood within the peritoneal cavity.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Two stones are seen in the gallbladder. They present different ring densities with an average 60 - 70 HU. Does not exist bile duct oclusión. The patient is treated for endometrial carcinoma, in this study we can see a pelvic mass who depend on the uterus


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Left orbital medial wall and nasal side floor blow-out fracture with a fat hernia and medial rectus muscle deviation (confirmed to represent entrapment on clinical exam). Pronounced eyelids, postseptal, and temporal fossa soft tissue emphysema. Nasal bone fractures.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Left distal medial femoral metaphyseal bony outgrowth heading away from the knee joint space, with broadening of the diaphysis. Note the continuity of the medullary cavity from the femur into the lesion, which has internal fat (marrow) density.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is an ill-defined area of hypoattenuation involving the head and body of the right caudate nucleus,  lentiform nucleus as well as the anterior and posterior limbs of the internal capsule. Near complete obliteration of the adjacent anterior horn of the lateral ventricle seen consistent with edema.  The rest of the cerebrum and ventricular systems are preserved. Features are those of an acute right basal ganglionic infarction


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Moderate free fluid collection seen in the perihepatic region and Morison pouch with extravasation of contrast at the right suprarenal area. Liver demonstrates normal enhancement with no laceration. Nonenhancement of the spleen in the arterial phase, and no perisplenic free fluid or extravastion. This is likely due to marked vasoconstriction of splenic artery. Collapsed inferior vena cava. Multiple small left renal lacerations in the upper pole. Right kidney looks normal in enhancement. Hyperenhancement of the adrenal glands Right mid and distal clavicular fractures. Right scapular fracture. Multiple right lung opacities likely contusions. No hemothorax seen. T7, 8 and 9 vertebral body anterior wedge fracture with right transverse processes fractures. No retropulsed fragments.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is cirrhosis, abdominal varices, and a medium amount of ascites. The spleen is surgically absent. The stomach, small bowel, and colon are diffusely abnormal. The stomach demonstrates thickened rugal folds with increased enhancement, the small bowel is diffusely thickened and hyperenhancing while the colon thickened with submucosal edema (low attenuation of the walls between the mucosa and serosa) with mucosal hyperenhancement.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The diffuse irregular expansion of the vertebral arteries (V4) and the basilar artery along its entire length is determined with a thrombosed aneurysm оf V4 on the right at the level of the vertebrobasilar junction. There is probably a mass-effect with deformation of the third ventricle and moderate hydrocephalus on the right.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The bladder is thick-walled with a large calculus within. There is some rim calcification of the internal bladder surface. Small stones and simple cortical cysts are detectable in both kidneys; there are also stones in the gallbladder.The urographic phase shows compression of the bladder stone on ureteral meatus with hydroureteronephrosis on the right; the walls of the right ureter and the renal pelvis are slightly thickened and demonstrate enhancement.The residual bladder capacity is modest.A cystic lesion is present in the right ovary. There are multiple lymph nodes along the aorta and in the pelvis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Axial CT images of the skull (bone window) revealed an expansile bone lesion with a typical ground glass appearance involving the roof of the right orbit.Note the mass effect on the ipsilateral frontal sinus and right orbit.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Left basal ganglia acute and subacute non-hemorrhagic infarct. An associated asymmetric hypo-attenuation can be depicted within the right cerebellar hemisphere suggesting crossed cerebellar diaschisis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Moderately distended stomach. Dilated, volvulized redundant cecum malpositioned in the left and mid abdomen, with mass effect. No malrotation. No small bowel obstruction. Mesenteric adenopathy. Small amount of free fluid. Fusion anomaly left kidney with few areas of scarring of the lower pole moiety. No hydronephrosis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Extensive patchy hypodensities throughout the cerebellum. Multifocal cortical and subcortical hypodensities in the cerebral hemispheres.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Chronic osteochondral lesion of the talus (osteochondritis dissecans) with unstable fragment in situ (Berndt and Harty stage 3).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Hypodense process with ill-defined borders measuring approximately 3.2 x 2.2 x 2.9 cm with a density of 50±5 HU fills the pancreaticoduodenal groove. The process exerts mass effect on both the duodenum and the head of the pancreas and contains small gas bubbles. Mild fat stranding surrounding the second duodenal segment.The pancreas itself is preserved.Small sliding hiatal hernia.Mild hepatic steatosis. Tiny focus of hyperenhancement in segment 2, perhaps flash filling hemangioma.Gallbladder fundus shows thickened, enhancing wall. No gallstones detected.Normal-appearing retrocaecal appendix.Posterior L4-L5 disc herniation, exerting pressure on the thecal sac and narrowing the left neural recess. In summaryIll-defined process in pancreaticoduodenal groove containing gas bubbles, with surrounding mild fat stranding. Most compatible with bleeding perforated duodenal ulcer.Differential diagnosis includes:  pancreatic adenocarcinoma: mass appears to displace head of pancreas rather than occupy it, no other manifestation of pancreatic carcinoma (pancreas preserved, no dilation of bile ducts or main pancreatic duct, etc.); mass contains bubbles  groove pancreatitis: no history of pancreatitis; medial duodenal wall is displaced, not thickened, and CBD is not dilated


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A large calcified lesion noted within the left submandibular gland, measuring 1.6x2.3x2.1cm (APxWxCC). It has attenuation number of 1400HU.The left submandibular gland appears to be smaller in size relative to the right counterpart. No surrounding tissue and fat stranding to suggest on going inflammatory process.No appreciable enlarged left submandibular duct.No calcification seen within the right submandibular and bilateral parotid salivary glands.A few subcentimeter submandibular lymph nodes. No abscess formation.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Aberrant right subclavian artery is found passing behind the oesophagus causing dysphagia.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A large well-defined cystic lesion in the right hepatic lobe showing multiple small daughter cysts and wall calcifications. Note the smaller exophytic component of this cyst along the anteroinferior aspect abutting the adjacent small and large bowel loops. Loculated fluid collection is also seen in the right sub-diaphragmatic space.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Comminuted fracture of the left humerus. The humeral head is displaced into the left upper hemithorax abutting the aortic arch. Comminuted fracture of the left clavicle, left transverse process of T1 and the 1st and 2nd ribs. Suspected fractures are seen involving 3rd ,4th and 5th ribs. Soft tissue haematoma with surgical emphysema involving the left shoulder and upper chest wall. Moderate haemothorax is on the left side. Patchy shadowing is seen involving the left lung more marked in upper lobe most likely representing contusions.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT shows mildly dilated and clustered small bowel loops giving the appearance of a cocoon. The bowel loops are encapsulated with a thin layer of peritoneum starting from the duodenojejunal junction to the terminal ileum, forming a tight sac, a small amount of fluid density is also seen in the sac. The ascending and descending colons were posterolateral to the sac with no evidence of malrotation. There is displacement and splaying of the mesenteric vessels posterior to the sac.Lumbar laminectomy with metal prostheses is noted.The urinary bladder is opacified by excreted contrast from prior faulty contrast injection.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Increased wall thickness from tumoral infiltration in jejunal loops measuring about 10 cm in length and 18 mm in maximum thickness; accompanied by luminal dilatation. There are also surrounding fat stranding and numerous enlarged regional lymph nodes.The prostate gland is enlarged. Degenerative changes as osteophytosis are seen at the lumbar spine.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Diffuse low attenuation in the left temporal and parietal lobes, with sparing of the basal ganglia.The M2 and M3 segments of the left middle cerebral artery are hyperdense with the cerebral dot sign in the left Sylvian fissure.No haemorrhage.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is an abnormal proximal descending aortic contour, approximately 2.5 cm from the left subclavian origin, with the formation of a small pseudoaneurysm anteriorly, an intraluminal linear filling defect consistent with intimal flap. There is a large periaortic and mediastinal soft tissue stranding suggestive of a mediastinal hematoma. Few linear densities noted intimately related to the anterior contour bulge/pseudoaneurysm but there was no change in size or density of the periaortic hematoma to be convincing for active extravasation, this probably represents a side branch. Features are consistent with traumatic aortic transection with the formation of a small pseudoaneurysm.Dense left-sided pleural fluid and apical pleural density consistent with haemothorax with associated left lower lobe collapse. A chest tube noted posteriorly within the left hemithorax with associated soft tissue emphysema. Multiple fractures of the left ribs and clavicle.A note made of Bovine aortic arch and anomalous left vertebral artery origin from the aortic arch. ETT in a good position.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Very large cyst distorting the splenic contour with peripheral rind of enhancement measuring up to 13 cm, with numerous smaller cysts containing daughter cysts of variable amounts of peripheral calcifications extending inferiorly. Separate cyst with floating membrane in the mid abdomen. Additional cystic lesions in the left adnexa which appears to be separate from the ovary and containing likely peripheral daughter cysts, and a larger cyst measuring 7 cm in the pouch of Douglas. Small amount of ascites.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Non contrast images demonstrate a well defined isodense rounded lesion in the midline posterior to the tectum and anterior to the tentorium with small peripheral focal calcification.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Uncomplicated jejunal and colonic diverticulosis. No free fluid or free gas.Simple right upper pole renal cyst. Cholecystectomy clips. Small hiatus hernia. Prostatomegaly. Fat filled left inguinal hernia.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A bony defect is present through the ventromedial aspect of the middle cranial fossa on the right with soft tissue attenuating tissue protruding into the sphenoid sinus.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: 60 x 50 x 45 mm enhancing mass superficially along the surgical scar, in line with local recurrence.  Irregular, inhomogeneous pathological lymph node adjacent to the right iliac crest, about 10 mm in short diameter.  Other: Subtle, uncharacterized, but stable liver lesion, Significant AMS stenosis (known), uterine fibroids, steatosis, diverticulosis, degenerative skeletal changes and prior L3 compression.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Hypodense oval lesion measuring 24x16x15 mm with rim enhancement in soft palate, left of midline.Numerous cervical lymph nodes up to 15 mm in diameter.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Small bowel loops are dilated and fluid filled with a transition point in the right lower abdomen. There is a high-density intraluminal object at the transition point within the distal ileum. The terminal ileum and large bowel are collapsed.There are small flecks of gas within the biliary tree. The gallbladder is collapsed with evidence of luminal gas. There is a fistulous communication between the gallbladder and the duodenum (cholecystoduodenal fistula).Small collection seen adjacent to the gallbladder.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The bone lesion measures 4.5x2x1.8 cm, located eccentrically in the proximal cortical tibial diaphysis with cortical thinning. No cortical breach or periosteal reaction. No adjacent soft tissue abnormality.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Evidence of recent laparoscopic abdominal procedure with expected soft tissue changes.Wide bore surgical drain seen on the right with the tip medially to right hepatic lobe.A small linear hypodensity seen in the medial aspect of hepatic segment VI with adjacent small high density collection compatible with retractor injury and small adjacent haematoma. No other solid organs abnormality observed.NG tube coiling in stomach body noted.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Hyperdense crescent sign of the aortic arch and descending aorta on non contrast imaging indicating intramural haematoma, which starts distal to the left subclavian artery origin. No dissection on the arterial phase. Minor enhancement of the descending aortic intramural haematoma anteriorly. Ascending aorta and arch vessels are normal.Bilobed infrarenal AAA with mural thrombus terminates at the bifurcation. No features of complication.No end organ infarction.Early enhancement of the IVC and hepatic veins due to contrast reflux from the right atrium into IVC (passive hepatic congestion).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Cardiac CT demonstrates left ventricular pseudoaneurysm. Myocardial defect is located in the lateral wall in close proximity to the mitral valve. Loculated haemopericardium and sliding hiatus hernia are also noted.The four-chamber view clearly demonstrates the breach in the left ventricular wall.On the 3D reconstruction, note the circumflex artery passing through the pseudoaneurysm.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There are at least 5 pancreatic lesions with contrast affinity in the arterial phase in the head, corpus and cauda. Largest is located in the pancreatic head adjacent to the common bile duct. These lesions are isoattenuated to the normal pancreatic parenchyma in the portovenous phase.A stent is applied in the common bile duct and common hepatic duct. Small air pocket noted in the gallbladder.Absent right kidney.Multiple renal cysts of the left kidney, Bosniak I.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Numerous intra-mural gas bubbles are seen in the wall of transvers and splenic flexure colon. No intraperitoneal gas is noted.An 8mm cyst is noted at segment II of the liver.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large expansile mass at the upper pole of the right kidney, likely at the renal sinus. The mass is partially surrounded by a thin layer of renal sinus fat and the overlying cortex is markedly thinned. The density is equal to the aorta at both phases of imaging. The right renal artery is markedly enlarged and feeds into the mass at its antero-superior margin. No enlarged renal vein. There are a few thin linear calcifications at the margin of the lesion. No renal calculi or hydronephrosis. The lower pole of the right kidney is normal. Moderate degree of stranding at the renal pelvis and along the proximal ureter.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Two masses, 57 × 39 mm (segment VI) and 30 × 29 mm (segment VII) are seen at liver parenchyma. On non-contrast images, the lesions are iso-attenuating with surrounding parenchyma with hypo-attenuating contrast scar. Following contrast administration, there are bright contrast enhancement on arterial phase. The central scars of the lesion (particularly on large lesion) remains low attenuation on early phases. On delayed image, the masses became iso-attenuating with liver parenchyma.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The small bowel is fluid filled and dilated.Two intraluminal gallstones in the distal small bowel measuring approximately 3.5 and 2 cm.The distal small and large bowel are normal in calibre.Small amount of free fluid in the pelvis. No free gas.The gallbladder is collapsed and contains small gas locules with a fistula between the gallbladder and the second part of the duodenum.Pneumobilia. Small D2 diverticulum.The liver parenchyma, spleen, adrenals and urinary bladder are unremarkable.Both kidneys have a multi-cystic appearance. Bilateral basal atelectasis and consolidation.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is an ovoid structure of fat-density, in the left iliac fossa,  adjacent to the sigmoid colon with thin peripheral hyperdense rim ( hyperattenuating ring sign) and surrounding inflammatory fat stranding. Minimal and regular thickening of the adjacent sigmoid wall is noted.A Riedel lobe is noted.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Previous duodenojejunal anastomosis. At the anastomosis there are multiple enhancing intraluminal soft tissue masses consistent with disease recurrence. There is moderate dilatation of the duodenum proximally suggesting partial obstruction. The stomach is not dilated. Numerous other intraluminal soft tissue masses within the proximal jejunum on the left. There is mural thickening of these loops of jejunum. There is also abnormal soft tissue encasing the jejunal vessels with enlarged adjacent lymph nodes.Atrophy of the lower pole of the left kidney. The right kidney is unremarkable. Tiny hypodensity in segment 7 of the liver. The spleen, pancreas and gallbladder are unremarkable. The portal and splenic veins are patent. Diverticulum arising from the left lateral wall of the bladder. Uncomplicated sigmoid diverticula disease. Partially imaged tiny nodular opacities anteriorly in the right lung. No suspicious osseous lesions.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There are multiple hypodense liver lesions mostly cystic which tend to communicate with biliary tree. Some of these lesions show central hyperdense foci giving the appearance of central dot sign.Minimal dilatation within the biliary radicals.Single left kidney with proximal ureteric stone and changes of obstructive uropathy.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A large ovoid focus of low attenuation surrounded by omental fat stranding was found on CT. The anterior margin sigmoid colon of the patient indicates acute epiploic appendagitis. This focal point was further enhanced using a Z-Effective map on spectral CT with contrast to show a lack of enhancement of the epiploic appendagitis against enhanced fat stranding.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Shattered spleen with contrast extravasation. Massive haemoperitoneum.   Liver, pancreas, gallbladder, kidneys and adrenal glands all appear uninjured.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a rounded solid mass within the anterior aspect of the pancreatic head, relatively hypovascular compared to the pancreatic parenchyma, and difficult to appreciate if intra or extra-pancreatic. Also, an amorphous solid enhancing mass is appreciated within the left kidney perirenal space. The liver has features of fatty infiltration, but no focal lesions. The remainder of the abdomen is unremarkable.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A 34 x 24 mm exophytic soft tissue mass arising from the lesser curvature of the stomach, extending to the lesser omentum.The hepatic attenuation value is less than that of the spleen, suggesting fatty liver disease.A 16 mm cortical cyst with focal peripheral coarse calcification is seen at the left kidney. A few subcentimeter simple cortical cysts also are present in both kidneys.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Cardiomegaly with aneurysmal dilatation of the right atrium associated with abnormal reflux of contrast  into dilated IVC and hepatic veins. The IVC, the left renal and left ovarian veins are dilated. The liver is cirrhotic.Right liver lobe hepatic hemangioma with fill-in of contrast material in a centripetal manner. Atrophic right kidney. Minimal pericardial effusion as well as perihepatic ascites.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large exophytic mass with soft tissue component and chondroid calcification is seen at left side of pelvis, arising from left ischiopubic and lower portion of iliac bones, measured about 142×128×115 mm in diameters.Marked mass effect on pelvic structures is evident and rectum, urinary bladder, prostate gland and seminal vesicles are displaced to the rightward.Fat plane between the mass and urinary bladder & rectum is intact, but there is no frank fat plane between the mass and lower aspect of prostate gland. Proximal part of left femur is intact.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is well defined heterogenous soft tissue lesion at the right side of the retroperitoneal cavity located at the posterolateral aspect of the right kidney measuring (78mm length x 54mm width x 55mm AP diameter).The lesion has heterogenous consistency and enhancing heterogeneously after administration of IV contrast.There are multiple focal areas of liquefaction and few fatty locules at the peripheral aspect of the lesion.The lower pole of the right kidney displaced medially & upward with a preserved fat plan between the lesion and the surrounding structures (lower border of the right lobe of the liver.the lower border of the right kidney, bowel loops, chest wall muscles, and paravertebral muscles. There is little fatty stranding surrounding the posterior border of the lesion.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Soft tissue attenuation and gas from the midline of the back consistent with stabbing tract, with presumed penetration of the pleura at the right 6th intercostal space posteriorly. Moderate-large right haemopneumothorax (mainly pneumothorax) without evidence of tension. Right chest wall and axilla subcutaneous emphysema. Right lung is partially collapsed, there is no distinct parenchymal injury. Left lung and pleural space are clear.Metallic density consistent with a broken blade traverses the left deltoid muscle and is wedged within the left humeral head. Distal point enters into the left glenohumeral joint with a separate fragment in the inferior joint space. No adjacent arterial injury.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT in the bone window demonstrates dense, somewhat inhomogeneous bone structure throughout the skeleton. This is especially pronounced in the spine.Splenomegaly is also present.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Enlargement of both kidneys with heterogeneous parenchymal enhancement and multiple partially confluent hypoattenuating areas with blurred margins. There is a small cortical cyst at the lower pole of the left kidney.Marked fatty liver.Radiographer: TSRM Fabius Imola


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Huge right-sided renal mass with heterogeneous appearances. There are solid and cystic components. It displaces vessels, and it crosses the midline.The right renal vein is filled with tumour-thrombus, which extends into the IVC. There is partial obstruction of the IVC.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Well defined rounded soft tissue nodules related to the tail of the pancreas is seen following enhancement pattern of the spleen in all phases likely representing small intrapancreatic splenule.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Acute minimally displaced transverse fracture through the base of the odontoid process of C2 with 1-2 mm retrolisthesis of the odontoid fragment. No extension of the fracture into the lateral masses. No widening of the predental space or central canal stenosis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The above axial maximum-intensity projection slab from a CT cerebral angiogram shows dilatation of both superior ophthalmic veins and engorgement of the cavernous sinuses. The appearance is consistent with caroticocavernous fistula.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Very large mass along the anterior aspect of the left kidney measuring 9.3 x 7.6 x 8.3 cm (AP x TR x CC). It appears to be arising from the medial anterior cortex, with loss of distinct tissue plane (best seen on the sagittal reformats). Mild hydronephrosis of the left kidney which is likely due to mass effect, as the left ureter is compressed as it courses around the mass.Lower attenuation projection medially from the mass measuring 1.6 x 1.4 cm (series S6 image #70). The mass has a mildly thickened and enhancing wall. Internally, there is heterogeneous areas of higher and lower attenuation. There is an attenuation difference on pre and postcontrast imaging of approximately 15-20 Hounsfield units in several locations, suggesting possible but equivocal enhancement. Mildly prominent adjacent periaortic lymph node, indeterminate.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: the contrast enhanced study identified the numerous hypodense liver lesions, one of them largest in the right lobe non circumferential long segment polypoidal mural thickening with transmural spread and second loop involvement is seen in the sigmoid mesocolon with regional lymph nodal involvement focal round lesion seen in left lung


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Retroaortic left renal vein type I: the retroarotic left renal vein is joining the IVC in the normal position.Some retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy with fatty hilum is noted.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Homogeneous, fat attenuation, well-circumscribed, ovoid mass, that arises from right posterolateral wall of oesophagus and narrows lumen typical of a lipoma


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Liver is mildly enlarged in size with segmental perfusion defect in the arterial phase.There is an ill defined cystic lesion noted in the segment VI and VII of right lobe of liver.Internal hypoattenuating contents with thick walls noted.The innermost wall of the lesion shows early contrast enhancement with persistence on delayed imaging.There is significant perilesional oedema.No intralesional solid focus / air fluid level seen.No other similar lesions identified elsewhere in the liver.Ileocaecal junction – terminal ileum thickening with minimal free fluid in pelvis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Grade 4 injury of the right lobe of liver with complex lacerations primarily involving segments 5 and 6 with surrounding blood products. Gravid uterus.Partially imaged right rib fractures and hemothorax.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT shows a hyperdense right middle cerebral artery with effacement of the basal ganglia and loss of insular grey-white differentiation.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple loops of mildly dilated air and fluid-filled mid small bowel with a transition point just deep to the umbilicus at the inferior margin of the hernia mesh consistent with small bowel obstruction.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large non-calcified heterogeneous left hypochondrial mass having enhancing solid and cystic components, some with fluid-fluid levels. It is inseparable from the pancreas and is displacing the spleen anteriorly and left kidney inferiorly. Left adrenal is not confidently identified. Multiple small calcified gallstones without any CT features of acute cholecystitis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: 5.6 x 3.2 cm well-defined minimally enhancing mass centred on the right carotid space and extending into the parapharyngeal space.The mass extends inferior to the carotid bifurcation with the internal and external carotid arteries both anteriorly displaced lying on the anterior surface of the mass. The upper limit of the mass is at the jugular foramen.No skull base or mandibular destruction, erosion or hyperostosis.No cervical lymphadenopathy.Comment: Right carotid space mass in keeping with biopsy-proven schwannoma. No bony destruction.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large tortuous vessel over the haematoma and left frontal lobe with focal dilatation. This is consistent with an enlarged vein with venous varix, most probably secondary to an arteriovenous malformation, the major differential diagnosis is a dural arteriovenous fistula with cortical venous drainage and varix (Cognard 4).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A 38×22mm low enhancing mass is noted at pancreatic uncinate process that infiltrates adjacent duodenal wall and partially encases superior mesenteric vessels. Surrounding fat stranding is present and a few small regional lymphadenopathies are observed. Extra and central intrahepatic bile ducts are mildly dilated and distal of CBD involved by the mass. A few small hypodense lesions are seen at liver less than 10mm which shows no obvious enhancement on post contrast images, most consistent with cysts. Several non-enhanced simple cortical cysts are seen at both kidneys, with maximum diameters of 48mm. In addition, an 8mm stone is noted at upper calyx of right kidney. The prostate gland is enlarged.Degenerative changes as osteophytosis are seen at the lumbar spine.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: "U" or horseshoe-shaped enhancing collection surrounding the anus, outside of the external anal sphincter and localized in the ischiorectal fossa. Incidental right gluteus medius lipoma.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Normal ascending aorta and aortic arch.Multiple saccular aneurysms of the descending thoracic aorta, producing a multilobulated appearance of the aorta with variable maximum transverse diameters of 3-4 cm.Further saccular aneurysms of the suprarenal abdominal aorta.Aneurysmal dilatation at the level of the renal arteries measuring 4 cm.Fusiform infrarenal AAA measuring 6.2 cm (~9 cm in length).No periaortic leak. Periaortic fat stranding is mild.Satisfactory common and external iliac arteries. Mild aneurysmal dilatation of the proximal right internal iliac measuring 1.3 cm. Mild aneurysmal dilatation of the left CFA.Unremarkable cardiac appearances (non-cardiac-gated study).Lungs clear. Calcified subcarinal lymph nodes. No enlarged mediastinal nodes.Unremarkable liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys and adrenals.Small calcified coeliac axis nodes. No enlarged abdominopelvic nodes.No abnormality has been demonstrated in the non-prepared stomach, small or large bowel.No suspicious bone lesions.Conclusion1. Multiple thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms are likely mycotic in nature in view of young age, multiplicity, saccular and multilobulated morphology of the aneurysms and lack of imaging/clinical evidence of atheromatous disease.2. Aneurysms of the proximal right IIA and left CFA.3. No evidence of other active pathology.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: See facial bone CT for report on fractures.Main finding is 27mm acute haematoma within the inferior left retro-orbital space extending into the left maxillary sinus causing superior, lateral and anterior displacement of the globe. The inferior rectus muscle is not clearly visualised. Optic nerve appears to be intact.The left maxillary sinus is filled with blood.No intra-cranial injury.Soft tissue swelling with flecks of gas in the tissues.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Marked fat blurring and free fluid surrounding the pancreatic head consistent with acute pancreatitis. Pancreatic ductal anatomical variation with dorsal main pancreatic duct drains dorsally into the minor ampulla and ventral duct does not communicate with the dorsal duct but joins with the distal CBD to enter the major ampulla. Moderate cystic dilatation of the main dorsal pancreatic duct along its course " Santorinicele".


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: LIVER: Multiple deep linear branching hypodense lacerations are seen involving segments VI and VII of liver with associated large hypodense subcapsular parenchymal hematoma. No evidence of contrast blush or active bleeding. Intact vascular pedicle. Right kidney: No clear continuity of right renal artery in the middle portion with marked parenchymal hypodensity of the right kidney.Right renal vein is well opacified and contrast feeding to the kidney through venous system is noted.The VRT reconstructed image is from the venous system which shows well opacification of the venous system of the kidney likely backwards from the inferior vena cava. as no arterial supply is seen.Moderate fluid in the peritoneal cavity which in context of trauma or more in favour of hemoperitoneum.Spleen, left kidney, adrenals and pancreas are unremarkable.Left side mild and right side minimal pleural effusion with underlying lung atelectatic .Slightly displaced fracture of right iliac wing is noted.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: 24 mm rounded hypodense lesion in the gallbladder neck with rim calcification consistent with a calculus.  There is marked, irregular mural thickening of the gallbladder neck and distal body, and extensive pericholecystic fat stranding around the fundus.  The intrahepatic bile ducts, and left and right hepatic ducts at the porta hepatis are dilated.  Findings are suspicious for gallbladder body carcinoma complicated by acute cholecystitis, with the impression of a 2.4 cm obstructive calculus at the gallbladder neck.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There are 3 intra-axial lesions, 2 in the left frontal lobe and 1 in the right frontal lobe, associated with significant surrounding vasogenic edema. The lesions are peripherally isodense to gray matter with a hypodense center. There is significant mass effect on the adjacent brain parenchyma manifested by effacement of sulci and partial effacement of the left lateral ventricle and rightward midline shift of 3 mm.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is an aberrant right ICA, which enters the skull base through an enlarged inferior tympanic canaliculus just in front of the jugular bulb. Then courses anteriorly along the cochlear promontory in a typical fashion to join the petrous ICA. There is a relative narrowing as it turns forward in the tympanic canaliculus. The aberrant ICA bulges up into the hypotympanum and abuts /bulges the inferior eardrum outward. It also abuts the malleus insertion.There is an associated aberrant stapedius artery which enlarges the anterior portion of the (tympanic) facial canal.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Central venous line in proximal of SVC and filling defect is noted in the distal SVC inferring thrombosis. Collateral vessels are also evident at the right chest wall. A small amount of pleural effusion is noted bilaterally. Mild degenerative changes as osteophytosis are seen at the thoracic spine.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Huge splenomegaly.Dilated PV as well as lower esophageal, splenic hilar and lieno renal portosystemic collaterals.Mild ascites.Minimal right side pleural effusion.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT features of left vocal cord paralysis are noted. No significant cervical lymphadenopathy is seen. There is a diffuse circumferential mucosal thickening of the mid and lower esophagus. No obvious abnormality is appreciable at the gastroesophageal junction. No obvious esophageal dilatation is seen. A necrotic lymph node measuring approximately 18 x 19 mm is seen in the tracheoesophageal groove at the level of the aortic arch, which is likely compressing the left recurrent laryngeal nerve, leading to the left vocal cord paralysis. A few other mediastinal lymph nodes (lower right para-tracheal & subcarinal) and small right supraclavicular lymph nodes are also seen.Well-aerated lungs with mild bilateral apical pleural thickening. No suspicious pulmonary mass/nodularity is seen. Gross morphology of the visualized liver, spleen, pancreas, and adrenal glands is within normal limits. A 7 mm radiopaque calculus, and a 15 x 17 mm simple cortical cyst are seen in the partially visualized upper left kidney.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Esophagogastric junction is located in normal sub diaphragmatic location but large portion of proximal of stomach along with proximal of duodenum are herniated into thorax through dilated diaphragmatic hiatus. No gastric wall ischemic changes in current study.Mild subsegmental collapse is present at left lower and lingular lobes.Several small calcified foci are seen at right liver lobe, less than 7 mm in diameter.Several parapelvic cysts are seen at left kidney less than 25 mm in diameter.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Liver shows two well defined cystic lesions largest one is located in the segment IVa and is measuring 28*25mm, the cysts contain clear fluid of water density with thin imperceptible non enhancing wall. No internal septations or mural calcifications could be seen, the findings in favour of simple hepatic cysts.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Branching hypodensity extending from the gallbladder fossa anteriorly is consistent with a liver laceration. This approaches the anterior surface of the liver. Fluid within the gallbladder fossa. No perihepatic haematoma.Linear hypodensity at the superior pole of the right kidney likely represents a laceration. Fat stranding around the right kidney.Fat stranding and fluid surrounding the splenic flexure. Two small adjacent gas locules appear extraluminal - there is surrounding fluid and soft tissue stranding and these may be intramural in location. No definite adjacent bowel wall thickening. The remainder of the large and small bowel are within normal limits.The tail of the pancreas is irregular and is surrounded by free fluid. Hypodensity through the neck of the pancreas that appears to extend all the way through. The portal vein opacifies normally.Free fluid adjacent to the spleen measures 10HU in keeping with simple free fluid. Free fluid within the pelvis - the density is higher in the more dependent regions. This may represent a combination of fluid +/- blood.The spleen opacifies normally, with no evidence of contusion or laceration. The adrenals and bladder are unremarkable.No lumbar vertebral fracture or malalignment. No paravertebral haematoma.No fracture of the pelvis, sacrum or proximal femora. The sacroiliac joints and pubic symphysis are not widened. Conclusion  Right superior pole renal laceration with adjacent perinephric stranding. Fluid and stranding around the splenic flexure and small locule of gas (possibly extra luminal), raises the suspicion of splenic flexure injury (contained). There is no free intraperitoneal gas. Pancreatic body laceration, probably transection (pancreatic duct at high risk of injury). Liver laceration extending from the gallbladder fossa. No perihepatic haematoma. Free fluid in the pelvis - fluid +/- blood.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The CT scan demonstrates: right posterior diaphragmatic defect with intrathoracic herniation of: the stomach which is located on the right and numerous well-defined nodules of various size and homogeneous density (multiple splenules)    no parent spleen is seen in the left hypochondrium intrahepatic IVC interruption with azygos/hemiazygos continuation midline/transverse liver bilateral bilobed lungs on lung window bilateral hyparterial bronchi  preduodenal portal vein  the body and tail of the pancreas are difficult to identify from the bowel loops that have the same density no evidence of midgut malrotation


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Located inferiorly to the tentorium cerebelli, just below the torcula in the midline, is an area of abnormal enhancement, consistent with a vascular malformation, with adjacent haemorrhage. Right PICA aneurysm, which is relatively remote from the haemorrhage.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: In the right side of the abdomen there is high density material pooling within a lumen. This likely represents a duodenal diverticulum. Medial to this this is a gas filled structure containing solid material measuring 3.7cm. This is not continuous with bowel and is suspicious for a contained perforation. The site of the perforation is not evident. There is a further small gas locule medial to this which is also extraluminal. Marked surrounding fat stranding. No lymphadenopathy. No free intra-abdominal or pelvic fluid.Hepatomegaly. The liver, spleen, pancreas and kidneys opacify normally, with no evidence of contusion or laceration. Low density lesion in segment VII of the liver likely represents a cyst. The gallbladder, adrenals and bladder are unremarkable.There is a long segment of colon from the hepatic flexure to the mid transverse colon, which has a thickened and enhancing wall with marked pericolic fat stranding. Luminal narrowing throughout this segment. No overlying subcutaneous stranding. Although this is a portal venous phase study, the SMA opacifies normally. No SMV thrombosis.Bibasal scarring and bronchiectasis.Haemangioma in L3 body. No lumbar vertebral fracture or malalignment. No paravertebral haematoma. No fracture of the imaged lower ribs. No fracture of the pelvis, sacrum or proximal femora. The sacroiliac joints and pubic symphysis are not widened. Conclusion Contained perforation in the central abdomen, with marked associated inflammatory change within the gastrocolic ligament. The site of perforation appears to be an inflamed D3 duodenal diverticulum.Thickened and enhancing colon from the hepatic flexure to the mid transverse colon with marked pericolic fat stranding and luminal narrowing. These changes are likely reactive to the contained perforation located superiorly however there is quite a distance between the two processes.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Arrested ascent of right kidney with superior border reaching only the L2 vertebra. Ectopic left kidney is seen to the right of midline and fused to the medial aspect of right kidney. Malrotated right kidney with hilum pointing anterolaterally.Both kidneys have an extrarenal pelvis. Normal left ureter insertion.Origin of renal vessels from abdominal aorta is beneath the inferior mesenteric artery with left kidney receiving dual arterial supply - renal branch and right common iliac arterial branch.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There are two well-defined lesions contain solid and few cystic components One is measuring 38x30 mm at the anterior segment of the left lobe and another 22x18 mm at the posterobasal segment of the left lower lobe, abutting the posterior diaphragmatic surface. They show minimum enhancement post contrast.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A 41×36mm well-defined mass is noted at right lobe of the liver. On non-contrast images, the mass is slight hyperdense compared to surrounding parenchyma. After contrast media injection, the mass shows marked enhancement with focal central low enhancing area. A few lymphadenopathies with maximum SAD of 11mm are seen at paracaval region in the level of right renal hilum.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The bladder is thick walled and trabeculated likely due to chronic outlet obstruction. No concerning upper or lower urinary tract lesion is present.There is, however, irregular mass-like mural thickening in the caecum which demonstrates post-contrast enhancement, concerning for a caecal tumour.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Clusters of calcification around the corticomedullary junction of both kidneys are observed. Multiple non-enhanced simple cortical cysts also are seen at kidneys, less than 20mm in diameter.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Segmental left pulmonary emboli with likely left basal pulmonary infarct. Diffuse bilateral infiltrates with mediastinal lymphadenopathy and a left basal pleural effusion.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A lobulated well-defined cystic lesion depicts which arises from the pancreatic tail. It contains a faint internal curvilinear calcification and shows peripheral and internal enhancing components representing septae. There is no lymphadenopathy nor sign of vascular encasement. Two small left renal stones are also visible.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Patient is status post recent sleeve gastrectomy with large well-defined perigastric collection measuring approx 5 x 10 x 15 cm (TR X CC X AP dimensions respectively) showing heterogeneous, mostly fluid density contents and multiple air locules with mild peripheral enhancement, and surrounding marked fat stranding. There is continuity of intra-gastric air column to perigastric air locules & fluid collection, also likely defect at the fundal region adjacent to the gastro-esophageal junction.Subcutaneous fat stranding at anterior abdominal wall noted, no definite localized collection; likely postoperative changes.Mild free pelvic fluid.