Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A 10 x 5 x 4 cm wood foreign body has penetrated through the right supraclavicular region into the right axilla. There has been traumatic injury to the axillary vein while the artery remains patent. The brachial plexus is intimately related to the axillary vessels and injury would be likely.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Congenitally absent portal vein. The patent superior mesenteric and the splenic veins drain the portal blood into a large anomalous vein (inferior mesenteric vein) which drains and ends finally into the right iliac vein. All the forementioned veins appear patent and homogenously enhancing. Normal appearance of the abdominal aorta with no aneurysmal dilatation or intimal flap dissection. Patent celiac trunk, superior and inferior mesenteric as well as both renal arteries. No evidence of aneurysmal dilatation, AVMs, or angiodysplasias. No evidence of stenotic segments or dissection intimal flaps.  Patent both common iliac, external and internal iliac arteries. The liver is of average size showing multiple variable sized bi-lobar focal lesions (namely at segment II,III, IV,VI VIII & VII), the largest is seen at segment VIII/VII measures 3.3 x3.2 cm along its max dimensions, they show early arterial enhancement, with progressive fill in of contrast, the largest showing small hypodense central foci (likely representing focal nodular hyperplasia) Bilateral undescended testes, which are seen within both inguinal canals.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Acute haematoma is seen in the left thalamus with surrounding edema.Extension of the haemorrhage is seen to occipital horns of both lateral ventricles.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A 3 cm subcapsular laceration was found across IVb - III segments of the liver AAST grade III, hypodense with inhomogeneous enhancement in the venous phase; a small amount of fluid in the subhepatic space.No fractures were found.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A well-defined soft tissue mass (6x4.5 cm) with central necrosis and moderate enhancement arising from the lesser curvature of the stomach with endoluminal extension. On enhanced axial images as well as the reconstructed images the gastric mucosa is well-visualized covering the endoluminal portion of a tumour, indicating its submucosal origin.An oval soft tissue mass (2.8x2 cm) of the left adrenal gland is noted most likely adenoma (incidentaloma). The right adrenal gland shows also a small nodule of fatty density.Small biliary cysts in the liver.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large broad-based inferiorly projecting aneurysm arising from the right MCA bifurcation. Proximal right M1 is of reduced calibre compared to the left. M2 branches and the mid-to-distal left A1 segment is also markedly asymmetrically narrowed. Mild calibre irregularity of the terminal right ICA.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Dilated fluid-filled stomach, duodenum and jejunal loops (maximum diameter about 4 cm) until the mid jejunum where a dense laminated structure measuring approximately 2.5 cm is seen, the distal bowel loops are collapsed.Pneumobilia in the intra and extrahepatic bile ducts.Collapsed gall bladder with thickened edematous wall and few tiny air foci noted inside.Multiple colonic diverticula are noted with no significant inflammatory changes.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is diffuse malignant infiltration of the medial segments of left and right hepatic lobes. There is early filling of right and left portal vein branches in the arterial phase suggesting underlying arterio-portal shunting which is associated with infarction of the lateral segment of left hepatic lobe from steel phenomenon. Moreover there is malignant thrombosis of the right and left portal vein branches reaching the confluence. Marked ascites is detected.Diagnosis: Diffuse hepatocellular carcinoma with malignant portal vein thrombosis and arterio-portal shunt


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Eccentric increased density on the non-contrast study (best in the arch) represents acute aortic intramural haematoma, commencing at the aortic root, and extends into the descending thoracic aorta at the level of T10. No acute dissection flap is seen. Intramural haematoma extends into bilateral common carotid arteries proximally to the level of C5; vessel patency and opacification above this level appear maintained. Intramural haematoma extends for a short distance (approximately 1 cm) into the proximal left vertebral artery, with preservation of distant vessel patency. A large intramural haematoma causes near-complete occlusion of the left subclavian, axillary and brachial arteries with a thin sliver of enhancing lumen remaining present. Right upper limb arteries are well opacified.Just proximal to the dissection in the proximal descending aorta, a small contrast focus in the right posterolateral aspect of the intramural haematoma is seen in continuity with a right posterior intercostal artery and represents an intramural blood pool (IMBP).Thin pericardial effusion and stranding in the superior epicardial fat. No features of pericardial tamponade.The chronic type B aortic dissection appears similar in extent to the prior studies. This commences just distal to the left subclavian artery origin, and is chronically thrombosed from the level of the mid-thoracic aorta inferiorly. The opacified true lumen extending further distally to the level of L3 is similar in extent to the initial study performed 6 years prior. The coeliac trunk, superior and inferior mesenteric arteries are supplied by the true lumen. Hypoattenuation indicating hypoperfusion of the right renal parenchyma. Other findings Dual-lead pacemaker in a left pectoral position. Scattered coronary artery calcification. No significant mediastinal or hilar lymphadenopathy. Bilateral lower lobe subsegmental atelectasis. Mild dependent ground-glass opacity within the upper lobes bilaterally suggest mild pulmonary oedema. No pleural effusion or pneumothorax.The liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas and right adrenal gland appear normal. 18 mm left adrenal nodule is stable. Small splenunculus. Noninflamed distal colonic diverticulosis. No intraperitoneal free fluid, free air or lymphadenopathy.No acute bony abnormalities. IMPRESSION  Acute type A aortic intramural haematoma, on a background of chronic type B aortic dissection. Intramural haematoma extends from the aortic root to approximately the T10 level. Small intramural blood pool in the proximal descending aorta. Near-complete occlusion of the left subclavian, axillary and brachial arteries secondary to intramural haematoma extension. Intramural haematoma also extends into bilateral common carotid arteries to the level of C5, and proximal aspect of the left vertebral artery, without causing significant stenosis of these vessels. No pericardial effusion. Mild pulmonary oedema


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT shows bilateral thick calcifications at the frontoparietal gray/white matter junction, as well as in both lenticular nuclei and thalamus.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: No acute intracranial haemorrhage identified. Small left pontine hypodensity. Periventricular and deep white matter hypoattenuation, most in keeping with chronic small vessel ischaemia. Grey-white differentiation is preserved. Ventricular size, sulcal pattern and basal cisterns are normal for age. No bony abnormality identified.Conclusion: New left pontine hypodensity is suspicious for ischaemic stroke. As the posterior fossa is often affected by artifact correlation with follow-up imaging would be worthwhile.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a large mixed density mass, related to proximal jejunal bowel loops mesentery in the left upper abdomen,  anterior to the left kidney. The mass measures about 5 x 6 x 4 cm and shows fatty density with multiple intralesional calcifications (teeth \ bones). The appearance is in keeping with mesenteric teratoma.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Plain axial images of CT scan, plain brain show a large, well-defined extra-axial, subdural collection along right cerebral hemisphere having both blood and fluid densities within it. It is causing mass effect, contralateral midline shift and possible sub falcine brain herniation. Adjacent brain parenchyma is compressed.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple subcutaneous small metallic foreign bodies consistent with prior gunshot injury and right-sided ocular silicone implant.Post-contrast CT scan reveals large wide-necked pseudoaneurysm involving the cervical part of the right internal carotid artery, caused by a bullet that settled adjacent to the transverse process of the C1 vertebra. The pseudoaneurysm is partially thrombosed and exerts long-standing mass effect manifesting as thinning of the adjacent part of the C1 cervical vertebra.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Diffuse medullary calcifications in both kidneys.Bilateraly nephrolithiasis and right ureterolithiasis.Cystic like dilatation of the renal calyces in the right kidney.Atrophic left kidney.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple innumerable bony sclerotic lesions in keeping with prostate cancer metastasis with pathological compression fracture of T8 vertebral body.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Fluid-filled dilatation of the small bowel loops with the point of transition in the mid-distal ileum on the left side of the pelvis. A long segment of thickened and hyper-enhancing distal ileum with dilatation of vessels in vasa recta. The ileocaecal valve is high in the right paracolic gutter. The colon is of normal calibre.Additional shorter segment of thickened mid jejunum in the left mid-abdomen.Cholecystectomy. The liver, spleen, bilateral kidneys, and adrenals, pancreas are unremarkable. No sinister bone lesion.Lung bases are clear.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a bundle of varicose veins (arising from the left testicular vein) medial to the left kidney. When tracing the left renal vein along its course to the vena cava, you will find the vein markedly compressed when passing between the superior mesenteric artery and the aorta.As incidental findings, this patient also turned out to have two accessory spleens, as well as a duplex left collecting system fusing at the pelviureteric junction.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Rectovaginal fistula, appearing to involve the posterior wall of the urinary bladder as well, as evidenced by a large amount of air in the bladder and the left ureter and a minute amount of air in the left renal collecting system.The cause of the fistula is a calcified, coarsely serrated object 4.7 cm in length that traverses the left rectal wall, with its medial tip located in the fistula - calcified fecalith?Right hydronephrotic sac. An apparent lobulation in its posterosuperior aspect has thinner walls and is suspicious for a small abscess. Markedly dilated right ureter with a thick wall, large stone in its pelvic part.Left kidney is normal sized and shows good nephrographic effect. Tiny stone in the inferior calyx. The collecting system is mildly dilated.Moderate amount of ascites. The free fluid in the hepatorenal fossa and that in the small pelvis have hyperdense edges - infected?Fat stranding in the greater and lesser omenta.Old fracture in the right femoral neck, with nonunion.Other findings:Dilated main pulmonary arteries. Mildly dilated ascending and descending thoracic aorta. Minute amount of right pleural effusion. Atrophic pancreas. Several diverticula in the descending and sigmoid colon.In summary: Right hydroephrotic sac due to a large, longstanding ureteric stone. Suspected small perirenal abscess. Rectovagino-vesical fistula due to a long, serrated calcified process that crosses the rectal wall.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The gallbladder wall is grossly thickened and has large low attenuation spaces within the wall which do not communicating with the gallbladder lumen. Calculus impacted in the gallbladder neck causing distension of the gallbladder lumen. Chronic pancreatitis with parenchyma and ductal stones and pancreatic ductal dilatation. Large pseudocyst in the pancreatic head.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The appendix is thickened (see key image), and its wall shows contrast enhancement especially in the distal part. The appendix is arching down deep into the pelvis, explaining why visualisation with ultrasound  was likely unsuccessful. Surrounding fat stranding an low density periappendicular and pelvic free fluid (key image 2) is observed. A relative increase of the size of the mesenteric lymph nodes is visible in the right lower quadrant. Altogether the findings are in line with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. The inflamed appendix was successfuly removed laparoscopically.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Evidence of multiple intra-axial calcified lesions representing cavernomas, approximately 10 in each cerebral hemisphere, with a dominant lesion at the left superior frontal gyrus measuring 12 mm in the axial plane.Patchy hyperdensity on the basal aspect of the right temporal lobe, likely corresponding to hemosiderin staining.No evidence of acute/recent intracranial haemorrhage.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large volume of ascites is noted.Multiple low-enhancing masses are seen throughout the liver, the largest one is measuring 80 mm.A few enlarged, pathological lymph nodes are noted at the porta hepatis and celiac region.Increased wall thickness is seen at the gastric antrum.Both ovaries are enlarged and show heterogeneous density.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A 35 x 20 mm ill-defined low-enhancing mass is noted at pancreatic body causing distal pancreas atrophic changes and duct dilatation. The mass partially encases splenic artery but does not obstruct it. Mild peripancreatic fat stranding and a few small regional lymphadenopathy are also observed.The hepatic attenuation value is less than of the spleen, suggesting fatty liver. Additionally, a 10 mm cyst is noted in segment VI of the liver.A 15 mm simple cortical cyst is present in the left kidney.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Right femoral hernia containing appendix and mesoappendix. Herniated appendix is inflamed, with surrounding fat stranding and free fluid in hernial sac.Unrelated incidental findings include: distended gallbladder with calculi, left renal ngiomyolipoma and left pelvic varices with dilated left ovarian vein suggesting ovarian vein incompetence.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: An inflamed appendix with foci of mural discontinuity seen in favor of perforated appendicitis. Reactive wall thickening of adjacent sigmoid and ileum loop that contains the perforation is in favor of phlegmon formation.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple hypovascular masses are visible in the right lobe of the liver in favor of metastases. Just two small metastatic lesions are present in the left liver lobe, in the inferior of segment III. Evidence of right portal vein embolization is seen as non-opacification of the right portal vein and hyperdense foci at the course of the right portal vein intrahepatic branches. The colon is not visible at the normal anatomical location suggestive of previous total colectomy.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Bilateral hypodense suprarenal masses, left larger than right, containing stippled calcifications and areas of necrosis with heterogeneous enhancement following IV contrast. The right one shows loco-regional extension to adjacent hepatic parenchyma with encasement of the IVC and right hepatic vein which are laminated. Retro-caval extension of the lesion with downward displacement of the right kidney. Mass effect of the left suprarenal mass leading to anterior displacement of the corporeocaudal segment of the pancreas and spleen as well as lateral displacement of the left kidney. Both kidneys show enhancing nodules of various size.Right off-midline intraperitoneal abdominal mass with heterogeneous enhancement showing pockets of necrosis. A similar soft tissue mass is seen in Douglas pouch, suggesting bilateral ovarian metastases.Multiple retroperitoneal enlarged lymph nodes with mild ascites.Bilateral rib metastases as well as vertebral, left humerus with right cervical mass encasing the brachial plexus with extension into the adjacent cervical canal.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Complete double aortic arch is seen creating a complete vascular ring, compressing the middle thoracic trachea, creating near 70% diameter stenosis and the esophagus.Both right and left limbs of the arch are completely developed with near symmetric caliber; no definite interruptions. The aortic branches show normal caliber and patency, the common carotid and subclavian arteries for each side.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Huge abdominal-pelvic mass measuring 19 x 18 x 10 cm, composed of solid and cystic elements interspersed with foci and streaks of fat and calcification. Mildly infiltrated mesenteric fat adjacent to left upper aspect with engorged vessels, perhaps due to mass effect; contiguous spread less probable. Uterus and right ovary appear normal, left ovary not demonstrated. Free fluid in paracolic gutters, normal-appearing appendix floating in fluid.Findings most compatible with immature ovarian teratoma, probably originating from left ovary.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Urinary bladder is partially distended and shows large defect of size 1 cm at base of urinary bladder with communication with vagina with contrast seen in vagina on delayed scan suggestive of vesico-vaginal fistula.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Cluster of thin walled cystic spaces in the superior segment left lower lobe A low attenuation region of lung extends inferiorly to the level of the diaphragm,  Atelectasis adjacent the cystic lesion and within the dependent portions of the right lung Aorta has a normal appearance with no visible aberrant vessel supplying this region  NG with tip in the stomach, with contrast within the stomach lumen Homogeneous hypodense round filling defect posterolateral to the gastro-oesophageal junction Normal appearance of the upper abdominal viscera and skeletal structures


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Axial CT images demonstrate calcification of both malformed auricles and normal soft tissue density of the overlying subcutaneous tissues. There is a right parietal subgaleal hematoma too.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a small fluid collection within the segment IV of the liver with mild peripheral enhancement in continuity with a fistulous tract extending from the wall of the first part of the duodenum (well-visualized on zoomed images).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Partially calcified mediastinal and hilar adenopathy. Left pleural thickening with calcifications. Numerous small calcified and non calcified nodules. Right apical consolidation.Right middle lobe bronchus is occluded centrally. The right middle lobe is collapsed with rounded configuration and calcified nodules. Areas of scarring, atelectasis, volume loss, and consolidation in the left perihilar region and areas of pleural thickening. Partially imaged right kidney with loss of cortex and lobular calcifications in the renal bed conforming to the shape of the kidney. Mild upper abdominal periaortic adenopathy.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Both eye globes show intra-ocular retro-lental irregular abnormal increased density.Asymmetrically small left globe.No evidence of intra-ocular calcifications (which excludes retinoblastoma). NB: bilateral maxillary and ethmoidal sinusitis. enlarged nasopahyrngeal adenoids.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The appendix is dilated with hyperenhancing walls with surrounding fat stranding. Two appendicoliths are seen at the base and ostia of the appendix. Small volume free fluid. No free gas.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large right haemopneumothorax. Contrast extravasation in the right apex, appearing to originate from the posterior second intercostal space. No underlying mass or vascular malformation identified. Right lung atelectasis. No midline shift. Right ICC with the tip posterior to the left atrium. Associated subcutaneous emphysema.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A focal bony defect on the right side of the clivus, with small arcs of bone located within and over the dorsal surface of the lesion. Intact bone, albeit thinned, is seen separating the lesion from the sphenoid sinus. The posterior wall the pituitary fossa may however be deficient.Conclusion: Off-centre well circumscribed high T2 signal lesion seen on MRI, has calcification/ossification of the matrix in arcs and spicules. This suggests a low-grade chondroid lesion (low-grade chondrosarcoma) over the alternative diagnosis of an ecchordosis physaliphora or even less likely a chordoma (given only minor growth over the past 2 years).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The walled-off necrosis fully developed with a complete enhancing wall and internal foci with the fat density. The air bubbles within the walled-off necrosis in the first series could be due to recent ERCP, but infected necrosis should be excluded. The gallstones visible on previous CT scans are no longer visible. The gallbladder contains air, and a fistulous tract from the gallbladder fundus to the hepatic flexure of the colon is visible, suggestive of fistulization. The stones are now visible within the lumen of the colonic hepatic flexure(first series).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Regular, asymmetric, enhancing, edematous, long segment ileal wall thickening without significant luminal compromise. There is surrounding fat stranding and intraperitoneal free fluid. In addition there is significant circumferential plaque deposition noted in the intema of abdominal aorta distal to the origin of celiac trunk with significant stenosis (4 mm) of superior mesenteric artery at origin. In view of clinical features and pathological findings like; occult blood in stool, low serum protein (5.5 g /dL) with normal albumin/globulin ratio; imaging findings are suggestive of chronic ischemic ileitis with protein losing enteropathy.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A well-circumscribed tubular-shaped fluid-filled cystic lesion (mostly representing markedly dilated appendix) is seen at the right iliac fossa region, contiguous with the base of the cecum showing smooth thickened edematous wall, curvilinear mural calcifications and few small intramural & intraluminal gas foci (mostly indicating the presence of superinfection). There is associated haziness and stranding of the surrounding mesenteric fat planes and moderate amount of pelviabdominal free fluid.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Gallbladder contraction, wall thickening, and a small amount of intraluminal gas. Pneumobilia. A thin fluid channel is seen between gallbladder and duodenum consistent with cholecystoduodenal fistula. Gallstone in distal ileum resulting in small bowel obstruction.  Bilateral adrenal myelolipomas. Atherosclerosis abdominal aorta with aneurysm.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Distended appendix showing mural thickening measuring about 9 mm in maximum thickness is seen passing transversely reaching the umbilical abdominal quadrant its tip appears ill defined and seen merging with irregular shaped thick walled mesenteric hypodense cystic lesion/collection measuring about 5 x 2 cm along its maximum axial dimensions (dashed circle) associated surrounding smudged mesenteric fat planes are seen with prominent mesenteric lymph nodes such collection is seen inseparable from the adjacent jejunal bowel loop with related mild jejunal mural thickening, yet no proximal bowel dilatation or intestinal obstruction mild smudging of the pelvic fat planes is also noted


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Prominent fluid within the superior aortic pericardial recess. This is normal variant and important to distinguish in the setting of chest trauma from a periaortic/mediastinal haematoma. This patient does not have an aortic injury. Subtle hepatic segment 4 liver laceration is present.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Appendix is thickened, measuring 11 mm at its widest point, and does not fill with air or contrast material. Mild periappendiceal fat infiltration, minimal amount of free fluid in pelvis.Lentiform lesion measuring 4.4 x 3.1 x 4.3 cm in lower abdomen, with thin, regular, well-defined walls. Lesion is hyperdense (approx. 125 HU) interspersed with very hyperdense streaks - contrast material? Calcification? It is unclear whether lesion is located entirely outside ileum or is intramural/shares common wall.Differential diagnosis includes leiomyoma and Meckel diverticulum.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Axial non-contrast CT of the brain shows an acute intracerebral hemorrhage centered in the thalamus of the left hemisphere. There is a hypodense rim around the hematoma, which represents edema.There are two sequelae of lacunar infarcts in the right nucleocapsular region.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A poorly defined soft-tissue mass, located in the right infrascapular or subscapular region with attenuation similar to that of the adjacent skeletal muscle.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Hyperdense mass in the midline cerebellum with obstruction of the fourth ventricle and resultant hydrocephalus.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT chest reveals a thin walled, irregular cavitating lesion at the left lung apex which measures approximately 6 x 4.5 x 4.5 cm. There are two intracavitary bodies which are attached to the lateral wall of the cavity. Surrounding the cavity, there is consolidation and ground glass opacities. There is mild left mediastinal lymphadenopathy. No hilar, supraclavicular or axillary lymphadenopathy.There are no pleural effusions.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Zoomed and annotated images of the submandibular gland (blue), duct (green), obstructing calculus (black star) and mylohyoid muscle (red). You can follow the path of the duct around the posterior margin of mylohyoid, then running deep to the muscle to the sublingual papilla.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Well circumscribed cystic lesion with homogeneous hypotense content and peripheral enhancement, located below the left mandibular angle, lateral to the carotid vessels and internal jugular vein, and anteromedial to the sternocleidomastoid muscle.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Evidence of recent hepatic metastasectomy, hematoma at the site of resection, and evidence of previous low anterior resection surgery are visible. A focus of loculated extra-luminal air is seen adjacent to a minimally edematous distal ileal loop, which likely is the site of closed ileostomy. Significant pneumoperitoneum is not present, but moderate free fluid contains several small air pockets, that raise the possibility of purulent ascites.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Peripherally enhancing lesion in the right frontal lobe is surrounded by abundant vasogenic oedema.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Hypodense left parietal area involving the postcentral gyrus and mildly effacing the surrounding sulci - most probably a subacute infarct.Old infarcts, unchanged compared to previous CT head from half a year earlier (not shown):right occipital, bilateral cerebellar, in right basal ganglia.Widespread leukoaraiosis.Cavum veli interpositi cyst.Right mandibular condyle resting anterior to the TMJ, probably postural. Clinical correlation required.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Non-contrast CT images demonstrate multiple large, oval-shaped calculi in both submandibular gland ducts. An intraglandular calculus is also noted on the right. Both submandibular glands are asymmetrically enlarged and vividly enhancing with surrounding fat stranding (more on the right) and oedema due to the inflammatory process.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large irregular liver laceration involving all four segments of the right lobe of the liver. The laceration extends to both superior and inferior right hepatic veins, and around the right portal vein. A small contrast blush seen at the medial aspect of the laceration in segment 7, and increases in size on delayed phase imaging, consistent with active bleeding. There is a small associated subcapsular haematoma extending into the right paracolic gutter. The portal and hepatic veins remain patent. Free fluid in the pelvis is low density, likely simple fluid and unrelated. No pneumoperitoneum. No traumatic right renal or adrenal injury.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Overlying the left masseter muscle is asymmetric soft tissue density. Within this anteriorly is a discrete hypodense nodule measuring 12 x 6 mm. Possible direct connection to the left parotid gland is seen. No cervical lymphadenopathy. Normal thyroid gland. Pharyngeal contours are normal. Lung apices are clear. No destructive bone lesion.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Small perforated ulcer in the lateral aspect of the second portion of the duodenum. Multiple locules of free intraperitoneal air in the upper abdomen. Small amount of perihepatic fluid and stranding, and a small amount of ascites elsewhere. Perihepatic fluid is high density (75 Hounsfield units), consistent with a mixture of oral contrast and reactive fluid. Moderate distention of the stomach with oral contrast. Few oval filling defects surrounded by oral contrast within the lumen of the pylorus and first portion of the duodenum could represent ingested material or intraluminal clot from the ulcer if bleeding is present.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Cervical spine hyperflexion injury showing: Compression wedge fracture of C5 vertebra which shows anterior wedging and propulsion of bone fragment anteriorly (teardrop fracture) with posterior retropulsion of small adjacent avulsed bone fragment and its posterior endplate that is indenting the cervical cord. Mild posterior displacement of the C5 with dislocation of the right facet joint (right unilateral interlocking). The fracture involves both neural arches as well as the anterior part of the spinous process. C6 fracture involving posterior part of the vertebral body as well as both lamina (neural arch) with mild posterior displacement of the vertebral body ( both C5-C6 fracture narrowing the cervical canal at that level.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Bilateral frontal epidural haematomas are seen, of maximum thickness about 5 cm on the right side and 3.5 cm on the left side. Associated brain oedema with marked mass effect in the form of effacement of cerebral sulci, compression of the third and lateral ventricles with possible uncal herniation.Hemorrhagic foci are seen at the right frontal grey-white matter junction and right temporal region. Also noted few scattered intracerebral petechial haemorrhage at the left para-falcine area.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Increased wall thickness as tumoural infiltration at the gastric fundus and corpus; accompanied by surrounding fat strandingMultiple perigastric, peripancreatic, para-aortic, and aortocaval lymphadenopathies with a maximum SAD of 30 mmNecrotic hypodense conglomerated lymphadenopathies next to the SMA trunk just above the left renal veinLeft thyroid lobe large hypodense nodule with rim and internal calcifications and extension into the thoracic inletRenal cyst along with the right kidney midpoleThoracolumbar spine degenerative changes as endplate sclerosis and marginal osteophyte formation


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Left submandibular lesion with homogeneous texture and lobulated outer borders, deep to platysma, anterior to the left submandibular gland and extending upwards medial to the left mandibular body and pterygoid muscles.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A large partially exophytic mass is present at posterior aspect of right liver lobe with bright contrast enhancement on arterial phase. The central scar of the lesion remains low-attenuation on early phases and demonstrates mild enhancement on delayed image.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The positive contrast is seen passing through the entire bowel loops. Low attenuation marked bowel wall thickening and edema of the entire colon is seen more evident on the transverse colon with consequent encroachment upon the colonic interior lumen (luminal narrowing) and formation of crypt like appearance. The contrast is insinuated between the pseudo-membranes and swollen haustra creating an accordion sign. Noted marked ascites, pleural effusion and atropic kidneys.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: 4 cm duodenal lipoma acting as a lead point for intussusception. A smaller one is seen distally within a loop of small bowel.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Swelling of the left kidney is associated with thickening of the perinephric fat and dilatation of the left ureter down to the bladder where there is marked prostatomegaly and a small stone at the bladder base anterior to the prostate.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Thickened gallbladder wall with hypodense (cystic) spaces.  An impacted 3 cm hypodense calculus in the gallbladder neck.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Evidence of necrotizing pneumonia and multiple bilateral pulmonary nodular lesions of different sizes, most of them cavitated. Large left hydropneumothorax and adjacent empyema necessitatis. A CT scan also reveals focal splenic lesions. Bilateral breast prosthesis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Contrast-filled out-pouching of the thickened aortic wall.Aortic intramural haematoma (high-attenuation crescent sign). The calcified intima which is atheromatous and irregular is displaced inwardly.Bilateral pleural effusion (30HU). High-density fluid within the pericardial cavity.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Hyperdense left M1 segment. Mild hypoattenuation of the left caudate head. No intra- or extra-axial collection or haemorrhage demonstrated.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Enlarged cardiac size with an abnormal filling of the inferior vena cava and hepatic veins in the arterial phase. The liver is cirrhotic, the spleen is enlarged, there is a mild amount of ascites, a small left pleural effusion is present, and there is oedema of the subcutaneous fat.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple fracture lines involve the left zygomatic arch, lateral orbital and inferior orbital rims, posterior and anterior maxillary sinus walls. The left infraorbital canal is involved within the fractured anterior sinus wall. Diastasis of the left temporozygomatic, frontozygomatic, and zygomaticomaxillary suture.Resultant deformity and reduced aeration of the left maxillary sinus with marginal mucosal thickening, but no hemosinus.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Moderate right pleural effusion. Moderate free fluid. There is free fluid tracking along the right paracolic gutter. There is left subdiaphragmatic perisplenic free fluid. A moderate to large volume of free fluid in the pelvis. There is retroperitoneal free fluid, anterior to the right psoas, continuous with the right anterior pararenal space.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Irregular fibrous scar around implants in both breasts that have ruptured and collapsed -  the linguine sign.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A few small cysts, less than 7mm are seen at liver. A 55 × 45 mm fat-containing mass is present at right adrenal gland.Degenerative changes as osteophytosis are seen at the lumbar spine.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Bilateral widened subdural space with low density collections (best appreciated near the vertex) indicative of chronic hygromas.  Note that despite being noncontrast study the cortical veins can be discerned traversing medially to the collections (best seen in the axial and coronal plane, also check annotated key image), thus we can conclude that the cortical vein sign is negative.  Signs of age related cortical atrophy and chronic small vessel ischemia.  No sign of acute trauma, or bony injury (bone kernel recons not shown).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Air within the subcutaneous soft tissues is seen of the right inguino-scrotal region extending upward along the anterior abdominal wall on the right indicating necrotising fasciitis.Mal-placement of the Foley balloon of the urinary catheter which is extra-vesicle, located in the recto-vesical pouch. Small haematoma is evident adjacent to it.Distended urinary bladder with fullness of both pelvicalyceal systems.Trace right subphrenic ascites and small right pleural effusion.Vertebral body fractures.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Ascending aorta arising with a coronary artery from the left ventricle (no communication with the descending aorta) and its division into the right and left common carotid arteries.Descending aorta arising from the right pulmonary artery (no communication with ascending aorta) and right and left subclavian artery arising from the descending aorta.Perimembranous ventricular septal defect. Aberrant right subclavian artery and dilated main pulmonary artery. Right side aortic arch.Findings are consistent with interrupted aortic arch type B2.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The CT scan demonstrates a definite perforation of the urinary bladder. The Foley catheter tip is located above the bladder dome with a small extraperitoneal fluid collection (urinoma) is noted on the left side of the Foley catheter tip. There is also perforation of the adjacent peritoneal reflections well-visualised on sagittal reconstruction with mild free intraperitoneal fluid and fat stranding which may indicate peritonitis.Prostatic hypertrophy as seen on ultrasound.Other incidental findings: sliding hiatal hernia numerous small simple hepatic cysts numerous small colonic diverticula small left inguinal hernia


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Findings:CTB: Non-contrast axial images through the brain have been obtained. Comparison made to the previous MRI brain.2.9 x 2.6 x 1.8 cm left cerebellar haemorrhage with surrounding vasogenic oedema. This exerts very mild mass effect upon the fourth ventricle. No hydrocephalus. No tonsillar or uncal herniation. No other intracranial haemorrhage. Grey-white matter differentiation is preserved with no evidence of acute ischaemia.No calvarial fracture or suspicious bony abnormality seen. Imaged paranasal sinuses and mastoid air cells are clear.CTA COWThe extracranial vessels, circle of Willis and vertebrobasilar system opacify normally with no aneurysm, vascular malformation, dissection or significant stenosis detected.Vertebral arterial circulation demonstrates co-dominance. Aortic arch anatomy is conventional.Degenerative changes of the cervical spine most marked at C5/6. No suspicious bone lesions. Lung apices clear. ConclusionLarge left cerebellar haemorrhage is stable in size compared to the MRI from 28/4/15. Very mild mass effect on the fourth ventricle. No hydrocephalus.Normal CTA COW.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Perforation of a sigmoid diverticulum with collection of extraluminal stool along the rightward aspect of the sigmoid colon. Few small scattered foci of free air. Ascites with few collections of mottled air suggesting stool spillage. Thickening and hyperenhancement of several loops of small bowel.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The ovaries are slightly prominent in size, containing multiple follicles the largest one measures about 2.6 x 2.4 cm located in the right ovary. There is mild to moderate free fluid in the pelvis. Appearances are those of ruptured ovarian cyst.The suprarenal and hepatic segment of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is absent with azygos continuation of the IVC. The azygos vein appears dilated and runs in its normal retrocrural course.The hepatic veins drain into a short supradiaphragmatic IVC. The left renal vein drains into the hemiazygos vein which appears mildly dilated. No duplication of the IVC or left-sided IVC. Accessory spleen is seen near the splenic hilum, but no evidence of asplenia or polysplenia. The liver, spleen, pancreas, adrenals and both kidneys appear normal.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A 112 x 75 x 85 mm thick walled cystic lesion with internal layer detachment is present in the right lobe of the liver. No calcification or enhancing solid component are seen within. A few non-enhanced simple cortical cysts are seen at both kidneys, with maximum diameters of 32 mm. A 15 mm stone is present at the lower pole of the left kidney with mean attenuation values of 800 HU.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The study shows gallbladder wall thickening with a cholecystoduodenal fistula, small bowel dilatation, and a gallstone at the transition point. Slight dilatation of the central intrahepatic biliary radicles is noted as well. The findings are compatible with gallstone ileus.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Evidence of total gastrectomy and esophagojejunostomy is visible. An about 1 cm mural defect is present at the anterior aspect of the esophagojejunostomy anastomosis. Free leakage of ingested oral contrast via the defect into a cavity in the upper abdomen is visible. The cavity contains air beside the oral contrast and ends at the site of a drain that is no longer in place. Another fluid collection is present adjacent to the duodenal stump but without contrast extravasation. A small focus of infarct is visible in the anterior pole of the spleen.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Severe right-sided hydronephrosis redemonstrated, along with the kidney stone, proximal ureteric dilation, and perirenal stranding. An about 3 mm hyperdense, obstructing stone is visible in the ureter at the level of the L5 vertebra.  In the urographic phase the right kidney shows delayed contrast excretion. Pelvicalyceal system rupture can be excluded.  The uterine lesion shows irregular internal enhancement. The most likely diagnosis remains uterine fibroid, ob/gyn follow-up recommended.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: 3.4 cm well-circumscribed mass in the basal left lower lobe is not typical of a primary lung tumour.  No thoracic lymphadenopathy.  Several further subcentimetre pulmonary nodules elsewhere consistent with metastases. A 6 cm x 4 cm left posterior 5th rib metastasis destroys the adjacent left T5 pedicle and transverse process. This narrows the left T4/5 and T5/6 neural exit foramen but no central spinal cord compression. Further T11 vertebral body metastasis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large midline heterogeneously enhancing soft tissue mass inseparable from the lesser curvature of the stomach, occupying the lesser sac, and displacing the left hepatic lobe.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Aberrant origin of the right subclavian artery, arising after the left subclavian artery as the 4th aortic arch branch, with a retro-oesophageal course to the right side (arteria lusoria). Irregular focus in the right apicoposterior segment is predominantly linear, most in keeping with scarring. Smaller foci of scarring and several tiny calcified granulomas in the lung apices, and further mild linear scarring in the left lower lobe.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: 4.6 cm infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm with aortic wall thickening, exerting mass effect on the pancreatic head/IVC. Periaortic fat stranding. Minimal fluid in the presacral space.Normal origin and opacification of the coeliac, superior mesenteric and renal arteries.Couple of tiny cysts in the left hepatic lobe. Trace of pleural fluid.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Roux-en-Y bypass with a round-shaped diverticular structure proximal to the gastrojejunal anastomosis. There are inflammatory changes in the surrounding fat.No free fluid. No pneumoperitoneum.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Circumferential thickening with transmural enhancement of the gastroesophageal junction. Nodal thickening extending into the gastrohepatic ligament. No other metastases.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Bilateral pleural effusion, larger on the left side.Hypodense ill-defined liver lesions in segments 7 and 8.Gastric wall thickening at greater curvature.Presence of abundant fluid in the perihepatic and peri splenic spaces and in the pelvis.Omentum thickening is seen, which suggests the omental cake sign.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Fluid collection measuring (4 x 3 cm on axial imaging) in the left submandibular and masticator spaces. This contiguous with the mandible and there is a cortical breach extending to the remaining LL7 tooth compatible with a dental source of infection. Inflammatory stranding in the left parapharyngeal space but no deep neck collection. Local left level I and II reactive nodal enlargement.Several periapical cysts in the maxilla and mandible around other remaining teeth.No abnormality of the upper aerodigestive tract. No other neck mass. Normal included intracranial structures. Normal lung apices.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple hypodense masses are seen in both liver lobes without enhancement.Two variable size hypodense masses are seen in spleen, one of which is near the splenic hilum showing water-lily appearance.In lower lobes of both lungs, multiple hypodense lesions are evident.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A loculated left pleural effusion with thickened surrounding pleura and gas bubble that communicates with an organized, subcutaneous chest-wall abscess collection.The left lung is atelectatic. No right-sided  pleural effusion.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A large heterogeneously-enhancing soft tissue mass measuring 74 × 52 × 38 mm is seen in nasopharynx predominantly on right side, and obliterating bilateral fossa of Rosenmuller. The mass extends anteriorly into the posterior nares and superiorly invades the clivus and floor of the sphenoid sinus. Associated sphenoid & left maxillary sinusitis, and bilateral otomastoiditis are present. Enhancing enlarged bilateral cervical and parotid lympadenopathy with maximum SAD of 21 mm.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a large right retroperitoneal solid-cystic mass ( 23 x 15 x 13 cm) in contact with the psoas muscle with moderate and heterogeneous enhancement of the solid component with thickened enhanced internal septa. No calcification or fatty component is seen within the mass. The right kidney is displaced anteromedially with no fatty interface with the mass.  The liver is displaced superiorly, the adrenal gland medially, and the duodenum/pancreas to the left with laminated IVC.No enlarged abdominal or pelvic lymph nodes. No intraperitoneal effusion is seen.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Right-sided aberrant subclavian artery demonstrating arteriosclerotic stenosis at its origin. Aneurysmal dilatation of ascending aorta.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT chest  small paravertebral soft tissue abnormalities in keeping with extramedullary haematopoiesis  lungs clear  CT abdomen  hepatomegaly. The liver is diffusely hyperdense multiple tiny low attenuation foci in the liver, likely to represent small abscesses  moderate splenomegaly multiple enlarged lymph nodes/necrotic lymph nodes in the upper abdomen, the para-aortic space, small bowel mesentery and left anterior abdomen mild free ascites small gallstones coarse texture to the bony skeleton


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Tight ostial stenosis is seen at the coeliac trunk ostium with the fibrous band making up the median arcuate ligament seen clearly compressing it from above. The artery and its branches showed, apart from some atherosclerotic changes, good distal opacification and caliber.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Along the right side of the anterior abdominal wall, there is an irregular yet well defined cystic lesion that has a large extra-abdominal / subcutaneous component and a much smaller intra-abdominal component. The cyst smoothly compresses the corresponding anterior abdominal wall muscles. The average density of the cyst confirms its fluid content (kindly refer to annotated images). The distal end of a shunt tube is seen curled within the cyst and its proximal component is seen accessing the thecal sac in-between DV12 and LV1.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large multi-loculated thick-walled abscess on the posterior aspect of the left chest wall and flank.Left apical fibrosis and focal consolidation. Left upper lobe cavity 13 mm across.Minor right apical consolidation.Consolidation in the lateral segment of the right middle lobe.Left-sided pleural thickening and small pleural collection.No significant mediastinal nodes.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Complete occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery by an embolus, just below its origin suggesting mesenteric vascular occlusion with failure of contrast passage distally.Dilated small bowel loops with decreased wall thickness (paper-thin wall), no wall enhancement and multiple gas-fluid levels. Multiple gas foci are seen within the wall of dilated small bowel loops indicating pneumatosis intestinalis.Collapsed IVC.Mild free fluid.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Findings:The spontaneously deflated and migrated intra-gastric balloon is visualized within the terminal ileum close to the ileocecal junction. Mildly dilated and thick walled proximal small bowel loops with delayed transit of the oral contrast are noted. Normal caliber colon. Small amount of free fluid is seen in the abdominopelvic cavity. No oral contrast extravasation is noted. No pneumoperitoneum is seen. Conclusion: Spontaneously deflated intra-gastric balloon, migrated in to the terminal ileum associated with partial proximal small bowel obstruction.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: well defined hypoattenuated non-enhancing retro-gastric cyst with multiple out pouchings oedematous greater curvature of the stomach


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Fusiform aneurysmal dilatation with mural thrombosis of the suprarenal abdominal aorta.  The celiac trunk originates from the lowermost part of the aneurysm. No aneurysmal rupture. No retroperitoneal hematoma.Atherosclerotic plaques are seen within the rest of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries. Multiple biliary cysts are seen. Multiple left renal cortical cysts of Bosniak I classification.Minimal left-sided pleural effusion with underlying atelectasis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT abdomen and pelvis reveals a large right iliopsoas bursa which corresponded directly with the site of tenderness. Osteoarthritic changes of the right hip.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a relatively well-defined fusiform mass within the vast lateralis muscle, spontaneously hyperdense with a hypodense central area (air). No enhancement seen on postcontrast images. A deep subcutaneous hypodense collection with no peripheral enhancement is seen along the cutaneous scar (effusion of serosity).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The posterior fossa is enlarged with a  trocular lying above the level of the lambdoid  (torcular-lambdoid inversion). There is a cystic dilatation of the 4th ventricle extending posteriorly forming a cystic space with an anterolateral displacement of the cerebellar hemispheres. Hypoplasia of the vermis with a cephalad rotation of the small vermian remnant. Gross hydrocephalus secondary to the posterior fossa abnormalities,


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A 60 x 55 mm thick-walled multiloculated cystic lesion is noted at segment IV of the liver. Another cystic lesion with partially calcified internal septations is also noted at segment V of the liver measuring 52 x 45 mm.Small renal stones are noted.