Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Left larger than right adrenal masses. Porta hepatis adenopathy.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The left kidney is enlarged and hypodense with persistent enhancement of its cortex while the parenchyma is not enhanced at the arterial or venous phases. The left renal vein is dilated and shows no evidence of contrast filling at the venous phase.The IVC and right renal vein are well enhanced with contrast. Moreover, there are few collateral vessels seen at the lower pole of the kidney as well as a smudging of perirenal fat.Nevertheless, there is a subsegment VII hepatic focal lesion with nodular peripheral enhancement and centripetal filling denoting haemangioma.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Enhancing lesion in the right middle lobar bronchus.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Enhancing collection in the left masticator space, along the lingual side of the mandible with subperiosteal spread. This measures approximately 3 cm in maximal (CC) dimension.Recent extraction of LL5 tooth noted. The inner component of the collection extends from this, although the majority of the abscess is in the masticator space.Inflammatory stranding in the left submandibular and parapharyngeal spaces, and swelling of the medial pterygoid muscle cranially. No extension deep to myelohyoid.Reactive left levels Ib/II nodal enlargement, no concerning features.The upper aerodigestive tract is clear.The major neck vessels are patent.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Miliary nodules in lung bases. Extensive abdominopelvic adenopathy essentially in all distributions with low attenuation, with very large conglomerates in the mesentery. Ascites. Pancolitis with a lobulated, irregular appearance and enhancement particularly in the cecum and ascending colon.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: An elliptical shaped well defined encapsulated non-enhancing lesion of fat attenuation is noted in the subcutaneous region of the left lateral neck. It measures 3.8 x 1.4 x 4.7 cm in maximum AP, TR and CC dimensions respectively. No invasion of the nearby underlying muscles.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Small (11 mm) soft tissue density focus contiguous with the anterior margin of the right pelvic rectus sheath immediately medial to the right lower linea semilunaris. A hernia is not seen at this site and there is minimal adjacent inflammatory change. No intra-abdominal pathology


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is nodular pleural thickening in the right hemithorax, which encases the right lung, including extension onto the mediastinal pleura and into the fissures. The right lung demonstrates volume loss and there is mild deviation of the mediastinal structures toward the right side. Interlobular septal thickening is noted in the right lung, particularly at the lung base. No associated pleural effusion. The left pleural space are clear. No pulmonary nodule or mass lesion. Mosaic attenuation is demonstrated throughout both lungs. There are calcified pleural plaques in both hemithoraces.Extensive pulmonary artery filling defects are demonstrated throughout both lungs in the lobar arteries (upper and lower lobes on both sides, and right middle lobe). The right ventricle is enlarged and there is straightening/leftward bowing of the interventricular septum. The right atrium is also dilated, which indicates an element of pre-existing right heart disease.Several prominent mediastinal lymph nodes are demonstrated, including lower right paratracheal measuring 11 mm and subcarinal measuring 15 mm.The imaged upper abdomen is unremarkable apart from a few tiny splenic calcifications. No suspicious bony lesions. Conclusion  Pleural encasement of the right lung is representative of malignancy, which is likely mesothelioma given the presence of calcified pleural plaques indicating previous asbestos exposure but may be secondary (with typical primary sites including breast, lung or gastrointestinal tract). Interlobular septal thickening in the right lung is suspicious for lymphangitis carcinomatosis. Extensive bilateral pulmonary emboli, with CT features suggestive of right ventricular strain.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large left upper quadrant mass with peripheral nodular enhancement that slightly fills in on delayed images. A thin stalk of attachment to the left hepatic lobe is noted. The appendix shows mural thickening and enhancement with surrounding fat plane smudging, in keeping with acute appendicitis


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Midline sternotomy and bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement.4.5 cm filling defects within the lumen of the ascending aorta, extending from the aortic valve superiorly. Mural oedema seen along anterior aortic root and extending into the anterior mediastinum, with 3 cm max diameter walled off collection seen adjacent (to right of midline).Ground glass changes and interstitial thickening in right upper lobe presumed reactive.Right pleural effusion.Several prominent but subcentimetre mediastinal lymph nodes.No other significant findings.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A 4cm defect is present in the anteromedial aspect of right hemidiaphragm that some omental fat herniated through it into the right hemithorax causing mild adjacent parenchymal collapse. In addition, the right hemidiaphragm is elevated and eventration is noted. There are also several atelectatic bands scattered bilaterally. Cardiomegaly is present and pulmonary artery trunk is dilated up to 38mm. Degenerative changes as osteophytosis are seen at the thoracic spine.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Higher density (35-37 HU) fluid is visible around the liver, and much higher density fluid (70-80 HU) is seen in the pelvis reflecting a haemoperitoneum. In the left ovary, a high-density lesion is seen, which can cause bleeding. During the postcontrast slices, active bleeding was not found.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large mass filling the cecum. A portion grows out of the anterior wall and into a loop of distal ileum. Appendix is mildly dilated with minor surrounding stranding. No small bowel obstruction. Ileocolic lymphadenopathy. No distant metastases.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is opacification that involves the right upper, middle, and lower lobes; with no air bronchograms, and some hypodense areas corresponding to healthy parenchyma are shown. Nasogastric tube in situ. The imaged portion of the abdomen shows marked hepatomegaly, which causes displacement of structures to the left.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Only oral contrast was used in this study, not intravenous contrast. Several locules of free intraperitoneal air within the upper abdomen, with a large amount of free air along the anterior aspect of the liver surface. Perihepatic/subhepatic dense material consistent with free intraperitoneal spillage oral contrast, indicating the site of perforation is nearby. Small amount of pelvic ascites which does not appear as dense as the oral contrast. The site of perforation can be seen in the gastric antrum, evidenced by a visible channel which extends into the subhepatic space abutting the lower left hepatic lobe, consistent with a perforated gastric ulcer.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT abdomen with intravenous contrast (plain water was used as neutral oral contrast agent).Prominent jejunal loops with loss of mucosal folds and normal caliber ileal loops with increased number of mucosal folds (jejunoileal fold pattern reversal).Multiple small sub centimeter mesenteric lymph nodes.Normal size liver with generalized decreased attenuation (fatty liver).Mild oedematous changes in subcutaneous soft tissues of lower abdomen.These radiological features (jejunoileal fold pattern reversal and fatty liver) are suggestive of malabsorption, likely due to celiac disease. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with small bowel biopsy is advised for histopathological confirmation.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Bilateral symmetrical ill-defined hypodense lesions at both thalami with no significant mass effect or midline shift.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a circumferential irregular wall thickening with luminal narrowing of the descending colon,  with infiltration of the pericolic fat, and presence of pericolic and para-aortic lymphadenopathy up to 14 mm. Huge ascites with peritoneal implants. Bilateral ovarian mass measuring 11 cm on the right and 16 cm on the left (Kruckenberg), compressing the right lower ureter with ureterohydronephrosis. Moderate right pleural effusion is noted with no lung metastasis on lung window (not shown).A small splenic cyst is noted as well as a nodule of the left thyroid lobe.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Intussusuception of the gastric body and pyloris into the proximal duodenum. Small exophytic mass in the lesser curvature of the stomach suggesting a polyp. Secondary obstruction of the biliary tree with biliary and pancreatic duct dilatation.Right inguinal hernia is noted transmitting small bowel loops.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a large well-defined cystic mass (32 x 27 x 19 mm) with thin and regular wall and homogeneous fluid content with no enhancement, arising from epiglottis and obstructing partially the laryngeal airway.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple loculated peritoneal collections with a thick enhancing wall, most of which show gas fluid levels, some of the collections are interconnecting. Largest loculated collection in the recto-uterine pouch measures 5 x 5 x 3.7 cm.A small subcapsular hepatic collection is also noted.Mild left-sided hydronephrosis probably due to compression of the upper ureter by one of the collections.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Hypoattenuating splenic mass with capsule like rim in arterial phase, isodense on PV images (chronic cholecystitis also present).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Bilateral symmetrical hypertrophy of both masseter and temporalis muscles. Normal CT density of both parotid glands.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A peripheral, dense, spotty enhancing mass, approximately 240×135 mm in diameters, is seen at right liver lobe, on early post contrast phase. In the equilibrium phase, the attenuated areas spread through the mass and partially filling in. The density of enhancing components is almost the same as that of the aorta in all phases of CT scan.A few sub-centimeter simple cortical cysts are seen at kidneys. Fat containing paraumbilical hernia is present.Few atelectatic bands are scattered in both lung fields. A little amount of pleural effusion is noted on the right side. Degenerative changes as osteophytes are seen at the thoracic and lumbar spine.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Innumerable small hyperdense lesions are in left kidney, less than 15mm in diameter. The mean attenuation value of mentioned cysts are about 85HU and there is no apparent enhancement on post contrast early and delayed phases.A few non-enhanced fluid density cortical cysts also are observed at left kidney with a mean internal attenuation value of 10HU. The largest one measured about 55×42mm. A few non-enhancing simple cortical cysts also are seen in the right kidney. The renal pelvis and calyces show a normal configuration.The urinary drainage tract is unobstructed and delayed images show symmetrical contrast excretion into the renal pelvis with no filling defect.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Moderate dilatation of right renal pelvicalyceal system with a < 3 mm calculus in the lower pole calyx. A 15 mm oval (approx. 800 HU) calculus is seen in the renal pelvis. The renal pelvis shows areas of mural thickening suggestive of inflammation. No left renal calculi. Both ureters and urinary bladder are normal.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Huge fusiform infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm is noted, measured about 137mm in length, 111mm in transverse diameter and 98mm in anteroposterior diameter. No mural thrombosis or evidence of rupture is seen. Common iliac arteries also are aneurysmal, accompanied by mural thrombosis especially on the left side.The left kidney is small with relatively atrophic parenchyma. Moderate hydroureteronephrosis is seen on the left side. Increased wall thickness and enhancement are seen in the distal 5cm the of left ureter. Large exophytic cortical cyst , 104×98mm in diameter, is noted at the upper pole of the right kidney with thin peripheral incomplete calcification.  Several simple cortical cysts also are observed at both kidneys, less than 38mm in diameter.Increased wall thickness with tumoral infiltration is seen at the rectosigmoid junction, measuring approximately 12cm in length. Surrounding fat stranding and several peri-lesional lymph nodes are noted.Advanced degenerative changes is seen involving lumbar spine.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Proptosis of right eyeball, caused by  grossly enlarged superior ophthalmic vein  enlarged cavernous sinus   enlarged extraocular muscles Multiple craniofacial fractures.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Abnormal position of the cardiac apex to the right associated with reversed position of the liver, stomach, and spleen. Bilobed right and left lungs. Abnormally dilated bronchi of the left hilar region.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: In the mid sigmoid colon there is an irregular mass, with soft tissue extension outside of the colonic serosa into sigmoid mesocolon. Small regional nodules along the mesocolon are likely involved lymph nodes.There is a large low density mass arising from the pelvis, with multiple loculations and solid components. This mass abuts the uterus and possibly arises from an ovary, although its exact origin is unclear. The mass also abuts the proximal and mid sigmoid colon, without upstream colonic distension.The liver contains innumerable hypodense lesions highly suggestive of metastases. Previous cholecystectomy with biliary dilatation, which may be acceptable in the postcholecystectomy state.Low density lesions are also present in the spleen. Additionally there is extensive omental nodularity and irregular soft tissue thickening along the lower aspects of the paracolic gutters.Conclusion:Findings are highly suggestive of primary sigmoid carcinoma with extensive metastases to the peritoneum, liver and possibly spleen. The large pelvic cystic mass is likely an ovarian metastasis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Heterogeneous isodense mass in right cerebellar hemisphere with slight enhancement after contrast administration. Severe hydrocephalus.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The lateral ventricles run parallel rather than the normal "bow-tie" configuration giving a racing car appearance on axial imaging.Colpocephaly (dilatation of the trigones and occipital horns) are present.Dilated high-riding 3rd ventricle is apparent.Widening of the cerebral sulci is seen in both cerebral hemispheres.Additionally, there is a probable intraventricular arachnoid cyst in the left lateral ventricle involving the temporal horn. And a possible small arachnoid cyst in the right middle cranial fossa.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Well defined lobulated heterogenously enhancing mass which is infilitrating the upper and midpole of right kidney. Superiorly, the mass is compressing the inferior border of the liver. The inferior vena cava is compressed and displaced medially. Soft tissue density within the inferior vena cava and right renal vein may represent tumour thrombosis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A non-contrast CT scan of the brain shows a midline anterior 3rd ventricle well-defined cyst which is isodense to grey matter. The cyst centred on the Monro foramen causing non communicating obstructive hydrocephalus with periventricular CSF leakage.The post-contrast study (not shown) doesn't show any enhancement of the lesion.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The hepatic segment of the IVC is absent.The inferior IVC continues superiorly as the enlarged azygos vein.The hepatic veins directly adjoin into the right atrium. The pancreatic tissue completely encircles the second part of the duodenum, defining annular pancreas.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Anterior mediastinal solid mass with cystic - necrotic degeneration. Pulmonary nodule with multilobulated margins and subpleural location in inferior right lobe. Bilateral adrenal gland enlargement.No evidence of lymphadenopathy.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Fairly well defined heterogeneously enhancing lesion noted in the anterior mediastinum extending into the middle mediastinum. This is seen to abut cardia, left pulmonary artery, adjacent pulmonary veins and anterior chest wall. This is also seen to cause the collapse of the underlying lung. The lesion is seen to compress the left main pulmonary artery and left main bronchus. Parenchymal opacities with air bronchogram noted in right middle and lower lobes and left lower lobe - suggestive of consolidation.Impression: Lymphoma vs thymoma.PET revealed metabolically active disease in anterior mediastinum on left side compressing adjacent lung parenchyma; multiple hypermetabolic mediastinal, right hilar, bilateral supraclavicular, right axillary, left cardiophrenic, gastrohepatic and abdominal lymph nodes.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: 12cm left upper lobe mass encasing and compressing segmental branch of left apico-posterior bronchus and pulmonary artery, with invasion of visceral and parietal pleura,mediastinal fat. 3rd left rib destruction. Two 4mm satellite nodules in left upper lobe.Enlarged left para aortic/AP window nodes.No supraclavicular lymphadenopathy.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Aberrant retro-oesophageal right subclavian artery with unremarkable thoracic aorta.Incidental note of a left thyroid nodule.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: 4 large metallic needles traversing the urethra to enter the bladder.  Penetration of the bladder into the peritoneal cavity impinging on small bowel although there is no free gas to indicate bowel perforation.  Minimal haematoma.  Note a 5th needle in the left adnexa (arrow).  This is the remnant of a previous self-harm episode.Case courtesy of Dr. Richard Faris


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a RIF irregular complex cystic inflammatory lesion with thick enhancing walls. Reactive thickening of the terminal ileum and cecal pole are appreciated with edematous narrowing of the ileocecal junction and subsequent delayed transit of oral contrast into the large bowel.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Concentric mural thickening of the distal thoracic oesophagus with upstream dilatation and an air-fluid level. No enlarged thoracic or upper abdominal lymph nodes. No pulmonary nodule or mass.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Left inguinal hernia containing sigmoid colon is demonstrated. This causes a mechanical large bowel obstruction, with marked proximal large and small bowel dilatation. Smaller direct right side inguinal hernia.No free intra-abdominal fluid or gas. No pneumatosis or convincing bowel wall hypoenhancement to suggest ischaemia.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Circumferential soft tissue mass involving the distal third of the oesophagus extending down to the gastro-oesophageal junction.7 mm right lower lobe nodule.1 cm pathological upper abdominal node.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Infiltrative mass in the left renal pelvis with adjacent retroperitoneal adenopathy. Surrounds renal vessels and may involve renal vein. Upper pole calyceal dilation with excretion in the lower poles.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Atrophy of segments 2, 3, and 4 of the liver with hypertrophy of the caudate lobe of the liver with a heterogeneous enhancement of liver parenchyma on portal venous phase due to chronic main portal vein thrombosis.Multiple dilated tortuous venous channels are seen replacing the fibrotic and chronically thrombosed main portal vein - suggestive of cavernous transformation of the portal vein.These dilated tortuous venous channels are seen surrounding the gallbladder, cystic duct, common hepatic and common bile duct, causing narrowing of the distal common bile duct and resultant dilatation of common bile duct and dilatation of intrahepatic biliary radicals (segments 6, 7, and 8).There is also dilatation of duodenum and proximal jejunal loops secondary to a long segment jejunal stricture showing wall thickening and peripheral fat stranding.Post splenectomy changes are seen.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Left frontal EVD with the tip within white matter (i.e. not intraventricular). Linear haemorrhage in the left frontal lobe and left basal ganglia is new. Large right parenchymal haemorrhage centred on the right basal ganglia extending to involve the right thalamus results in midline shift to the left of 8 mm (previously 10 mm).Intraventricular haemorrhage to the level of the fourth ventricle resulting in mild obstructive hydrocephalus. There is some subarachnoid extension on the right through the Sylvian fissure.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There are innumerable masses throughout the kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas (body and tail) and right upper quadrant. These masses are expansile, demonstrate heterogeneous peripheral hyperenhancement with central areas of low density. Intramuscular nodule in the lateral left gluteus maximus. There are multiple homogeneously enhancing nodules involving the nerve roots - left S1, right S2, right L2, left T3 (extraforaminal).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT Chest: Confirms the presence of a bilateral SVC.  Normal veno-atrial and atrio-ventricular connections. Normal bronchial branching pattern (eparterial bronchus on the right, hyparterial bronchus on the left) Atelectasis in the lung bases, likely relating to anaesthetic. ETT tip in the trachea; NGT tip in the stomach.  CT Abdomen: Stomach on the right Liver on the left Polysplenia on the left Crossed fused renal ectopia, with the kidneys on the right Ascites


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT shows two cystic lesions, one of larger size, both of homogeneous hypodense content, without septa inside, with well-defined borders and thin wall, located in the lower right lobe. Another two lesions of the same characteristics in the upper left lobe. Findings in relation to uncomplicated cysts.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A large fistulous track is seen between the gallbladder and duodenal lumen with gas within gallbladder as well as intra / extrahepatic biliary ducts (pneumobilia). The gallbladder itself shows thickened wall indicating chronic inflammatory changes. A large gallstone (5 cm) impacted within the distal jejunum with distended proximal jejunal loops and collapsed ileal loops as well as the terminal ileum and colon.Haemangioma of the liver (segment I). Small solid nodule of the left adrenal gland (incidentaloma). A lipoma of the right gluteus medius muscle is noted.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Cardiophrenic adenopathy. Right pleural effusion.Massive gastric thickening with areas of cavitation in the antrum.Soft tissue thickening and cavitation of a small bowel loop in the right lower quadrant.Retroperitoneal, mesenteric, pelvic, inguinal adenopathy.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Smooth well corticated ossicle at the superior aspect of a hypoplastic dens.No evidence of fracture.Additionally, there is non-fusion of the anterior arch of the atlas.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Thin section contrast-enhanced CT scan shows hepatosplenomegaly and linear areas of hypoattenuation along the portal tracts and multiple small hypoattenuated nodules in the liver (represent portal triaditis due to histocytic infiltration) and spleen.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Evidence of arteriovenous fistulous communication between the distal branches of the right external carotid artery and tributaries of the right external jugular vein and right retromandibular vein with aneurysmal dilatation of the right external carotid artery as well as right external jugular vein within the right parotid gland with dilated tortuous veins are noted within the deep spaces of the neck namely the right masticator, buccal as well as parapharyngeal, parotid, carotid spaces and posterior triangle.  Dilated tributaries of the external jugular vein namely the posterior external jugular, anterior jugular and suprascapular as well as transverse cervical veins are noted. Mild dilatation of the right common carotid artery as well as the proximal few centimeters of the right internal carotid artery which appears otherwise intact with no aneurysmal dilatation, occlusion or significant stenosis.  Normal left common carotid, internal and external carotid arteries with no occlusion or significant stenotic lesions.Normal appearance of the intracranial parts of both internal carotid arteries on either as well as anterior cerebral and middle cerebral arteries with no evidence of dissection or occlusions.Normal appearance of the basilar and vertebral arteries.No otherwise evidence of cerebral aneurysms or arteriovenous malformations.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Mildly dilated proximal small bowel loops with air-fluid levels and small bowel faecal sign in addition to the abrupt collapse of the small bowel with twisting/swirling of the mesentery and an apparent internal hernia defect seen at the level of the L2 vertebra and inferior to the level of the pancreas. Moderate amount of free fluid. Changes of post-gastric bypass and cholecystectomy are noted.A small splenic hypodense lesion is seen which could be a cyst. Hepatomegaly.Radiological findings compatible with mechanical small bowel obstruction due to an internal hernia.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Perforation of the superior aspect of the pylorus with free leakage of oral contrast into the upper abdomen. Small amount of free air. Medium ascites and peritonitis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: there are multiple lacerations/fractures involving the porta hepatis as well as segment 1,4, 5 & 8, most of the them extending through the whole width of the affected area and reach the peripheral hepatic margins. Active contrast extravasation noted centrally adjacent to the porta hepatis, indicating an active bleeding. Small amount of branching gas attenuation seen within segment 8. Diffuse hypo-enhancement of the liver parenchyma is also present. massive amount of free fluid within the abdomen and pelvis (hemoperitoneum). mild thickening with prominent enhancement of the wall of small bowel loops in the center of the abdomen (shock bowel). collapsed inferior cava along its course. small caliber of the abdominal aorta. hyper-enhancing pancreas with extensive retroperitoneal edema/fluid. hyper-enhancing adrenal glands. hypo-enhancing spleen and kidneys, with visible enhancement of the arcuate arteries and main renal arteries.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Patchy dural calcifications around the meningocele.T8 and T9 posterior vertebral body scalloping. Enlargement of T8/9 and T9/10 left foramina. Intact posterior bony elements.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The aorta distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery is elongated and redundant with buckling and apparent luminal narrowing at the left of the ligamentum arteriosum. The descending segment of the aorta distal to the buckled segment is dilated. The descending aorta measures 3.7 cm in maximum diameter. There is no dissection, collateral circulation, or contrast extravasation. The dilated descending segment of the aorta indents the left pulmonary artery and obliterates the aortopulmonary window posterior to the ligamentum arteriosum.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Well-defined, thin-walled, air-filled cystic lesion is seen in the right paraglottic space communicating with the laryngeal ventricle. An extralaryngeal extension through the thyrohyoid membrane is seen. Similar yet smaller well-defined, thin-walled, air-filled cystic lesion is seen in the left paraglottic space communicating with the laryngeal ventricle. No extralaryngeal extension. Opinion:  Right combined external and internal layrngocele Left internal layrngocele.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A radiodense calculus is seen in gall bladder neck. Sloughing of mucosa of gall bladder wall with mild pericholecystic free fluid. Perigall bladder hepatic hyperemia, secondary to active inflammation. Reactive edema of C loop of duodenum and hepatic flexure of colon. Mild thickening of right anterior pararenal fascia. Incidentally detected outpouching from the medial wall of C loop of duodenum proximal to ampulla with air fluid levels within. It is not exerting any significant mass effect on the intrapancreatic CBD to cause any upstream dilatation.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a filling defect in the superior mesenteric artery, probably just after right colic artery arises. A small calcification can be observed at SMA at the site of occlusion.Pneumatosis, as well as diminished intestinal wall contrast enhancement in small bowel segments.Venous gas can be seen at straight veins and anastomotic loops, best aprecciated in sagital reconstruction as linear gas filling defects.Small amount of free fluid between bowel loops


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: - Diffuse marked wall thickening of the gall bladder is noted with obliteration of its lumen and engulfed gall stone (gallbladder carcinoma).- Thrombosed upper part of the superior mesenteric vein, portal vein, and its branches.- Multiple supra-centimetric enlarged porta-hepatis and aortocaval lymph nodes encasing the hepatic artery and portal vein and abutting the pancreatic head and duodenum. The largest lymph node measures 4 cm in short diameter.- Branching hypo attenuation in the right lobe of liver (? Due to portal vein thrombosis) however there are multiple discrete hypoattenuating lesions in the right lobe of the liver (metastasis). The largest in segment V measures 1.8 x 1.8 cm.- Marked pancreatic atrophic changes are seen.- No dilatation of the intra and extrahepatic biliary channels is seen.- There is evidence of a soft tissue lesion in the left adrenal gland measuring 2.3 x 2 cm (secondary deposit).Spleen, right adrenal, both kidneys, stomach, bowel loops and pelvic organs are normal.No ascites or pneumoperitoneum.Anterior abdominal wall defect is noted with herniation of mesentery.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A Complex multilocular cystic lesion in the pancreatic tail is noted with areas of dystrophic calcification related to the traversing septations (? primary pancreatic cystic neoplasm).Umbilical hernia with inflammatory stranding - fat containing.Multiple small intraluminal gallbladder densities (? gallstones/sludge or polyps).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Ill-defined medial left perirenal mass with thickening of the left anterior pararenal fascia. It shows heterogeneous enhancement with a hypodense center. The left renal vessels are surrounded by the mass and there is no entrapment of the left ureter. Also, some enlarged nodes can be seen in the mesentery.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Fat stranding of the greater omentum with a central focal region of hypoattenuation compatible with omental infarction.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Non-contrast CT Hyperdense right MCA. No acute intracranial haemorrhage. Normal grey-white differentiation is maintained except where there appears to be a frontal operculum and insular infarct with gliosis and volume loss.  CT perfusion Perfusion shows increased MTT throughout the right MCA territory with slightly increased CBV and preserved cortical CBF. Reduction of CBF is, however, seen in the right basal ganglia.Findings are those of a large penumbra and small basal ganglia core. CT angiogram Filling defect in the M1 segment of the right MCA, just distal to the origin. There is some arterial flow past this.No other arterial occlusion, filling defect or significant stenosis identified. Normal opacification of the circle of Willis. Two vessel aortic arch, with a bovine configuration (normal variant). Mild calcification of the arch. The carotid arteries opacify normally. Mild calcification at the carotid bifurcation bilaterally, without significant stenosis. The vertebral arteries opacify normally. Conclusion Acute right MCA thromboembolism, with filling defect in the right MCA M1 segment. Associated large penumbra on CT perfusion with small basal ganglia infarct core.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a soft tissue mass, measuring 3.5 x 1.9 x 5.3 cm (AP x T x CC), in the left posterior cervical space beneath the sternocleidomastoid muscle and posterior to the carotid artery and jugular vein.  The mass exhibits intense enhancement on the contrast-enhanced images.  Subcentimeter cervical lymph nodes are also seen bilaterally.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Significant severe dilatation of the small bowel till the proximal ileum. Maximum diameter reaching up to 4.5cm. Apart from the abrupt point of transition noted at the mid ileal loop at the umbilical region level towards the right iliac fossa. Multiple gas bubbles noted proximal to the site of transition. No mass or abnormal thickening of bowel loop noted at the site of transition. Distal ileum and large bowel appear collapsed with no faecal matter noted within. Small outpouching (diverticulum) is seen protruding from the caecum. Mild to moderate amount of free fluid noted at subphrenic, subhepatic, bilateral paracolic gutter and in the pelvic region. Bilateral simple cortical renal cysts are noted.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Findings: A well-defined mass measuring 4.9 x 5.8 cm is seen adjacent to the pyloric antrum. Multiple small hypodensities/cystic areas are seen in it.  No calcifications or septations are seen in it. It shows moderate enhancement on post-contrast images.  A well-defined hypodense lesion measuring approximately 11 x 15 mm is seen in the right hepatic lobe which is likely a hepatic cyst or hemangioma.  A note is made of hypertrophy of the caudate lobe with normal hepatic veins and IVC. No significant abdominopelvic lymphadenopathy is seen. Conclusion: Well-defined enhancing soft tissue mass adjacent to the pylorus, which is likely a gastric stromal tumor (GIST); other possible differential diagnosis includes leiomyoma, and neurofibroma.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Comminuted depressed fracture of lateral tibial plateau of left knee with 9.4mm depression and subchondral collapse. Fracture lines traverse to the epimetaphysis without any displacement.Incidental bony outgrowths at distal diametaphysis of both femurs in the medial aspect as well as in the medial aspect of proximal left tibial diaphyses. These bony exostoses show preserved cortical continuity and normal transition of medullary marrow into the lesion.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple left to right shunts: large perimembranous inlet VSD 21 x 17 mm large muscular VSD ahead of the moderator band 24 x 21 mm midventricular small VSD 5 x 5mm midventricular small VSD 3mm  Enlarged hepatic veins with contrast reflux , enlarged right atrium and right ventricle: features of pulmonary hypertension, due to the shunts in this case.Main pulmonary artery strapping with post-strapping dilation (29mm), enlarged left and right pulmonary arteries.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is aberrant branching of the left pulmonary artery which wraps around the trachea and compresses the carina and proximal left main bronchus (left pulmonary artery sling).  There is no focal stenosis of either the left or right pulmonary artery. The left lung appears slightly hyperinflated with respect to the right, suggesting some degree of air trapping from the left main bronchus compression.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A large mass lesion is seen in the left lobe of liver, which shows peripheral hyperenhancement on arterial phase and gradual filling in on venous and delayed phase.3D MIP images show the characteristic reduction in the aortic diameter below the level of coeliac origin, because of the vascular redistribution toward the liver by this large hypervascular mass. This cause coeliac trunk and hepatic artery hypertrophy.Above findings are consistent with Infantile hepatic haemangioma.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large cystic mass in the right neck with thick walls and mass effect over trachea and vessels.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Cholelithiasis, dilated gallbladder, tensile fundus indenting the body wall, and pericholecystic inflammation/stranding. Reactive inflammation of the hepatic flexure.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Extra-luminal contrast at the midpoint of the right ureter, which tracts into the right psoas collection.The left ureter is patchily opacified along its path. The right pelvicalyceal system is mildly dilated.The bladder is filled with contrast. No intraperitoneal contrast leak.Drains in the right retroperitoneum from prior percutaneous drainage of fluid collection.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Right supernumerary D10/D11 hemivertebra is noted associated with mild right dorsal scoliosis as well as mild focal kyphotic deformity.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Liver has irregular outline.There are multiple irregularly enhancing nodular areas of various sizes involving both lobes of the liver showing enhancement in arterial phase with peripheral pseudocapsule in venous phase. Portal vein is dilated with tumour thrombus within.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple perirenal masses with ill-defined, strandy borders. Several masses likely invade or arise from renal cortex.Moderate hydronephrosis due to strandy mass obstructing proximal pelvoureteral junction.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Right sided aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian artery arising from the Kommerell diverticulum.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT chest-abdomen-pelvis done on same day as the US:Huge hypodense, heterogeneous mass in the center of the liver measuring 11 x 12.5 x 12 cm, containing locules of fluid-fluid levels and blood vessels. No calcification. The mass medially displaces all components of the hepatic hilum and compresses the right portal branch. Middle and right hepatic veins involved, lateral tributary of right hepatic vein normal. Rest of liver shows heterogeneous texture secondary to vascular compromise. The IVC is compressed at the caudate lobe level, without visible luminal invasion. Soft tissue fullness at root of mesentery around mesenteric vessels, as well as low attenuation retroperitoneal lymph nodes arounf the aorta and the IVC. Periportal edema.Non-dilated bile ducts, gallbladder normal.Minute pleural effusion, right greater than left.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT reveals abnormal diffuse segmental wall thickening at the level of the jejunum (long segment, 18-20 cm) on the left side. There is mesenteric edema and vascular congestion, and some ascites.Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and vein (SMV) are patent, and no thrombus was seen.Findings are most suggestive of non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia and submucosal hemorrhage. Differential diagnosis includes Crohn disease and infectious enteritis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Dense consolidation almost replacing the entire right upper lobe, with cavitation seen anterosuperiorly. The horizontal fissure is not well seen, but there appears to be minimal involvement of the right middle lobe. Minor bibasal atelectasis. Right hilar and mediastinal lymph node enlargement. Right oblique fissure thickening.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Diffuse gastric wall oedema with no mucosal enhancement on postcontrast sequences in keeping with extensive necrosis. No gastric perforation is seen.A calcified hepatic hydatid cyst is noted as well as a gallstone and left renal stone.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple predominantly arterial enhancing masses throughout the liver, with a large conglomerate occupying the majority of the right hepatic lobe. This majority of this large conglomerate has arterial enhancement and washout on portal venous phase imaging. A few other satellite lesions have more heterogeneous enhancement, with areas of enhancement or hypoenhancement on both arterial and portal venous phase imaging. Example smaller lesion with homogeneous arterial enhancement and washout on portal venous phase images (classic for HCC)  is noted along the anterior aspect of segment 2-3, with slight contour deformity of the liver capsule.Mass effect on the hepatic and portal veins without definite tumor thrombus.New rounded mass in the left adrenal gland. No abdominal adenopathy. No findings of metastases elsewhere.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A large heterogeneous soft tissue mass with irregular borders is seen in the right lobe of the liver which shows heterogeneous enhancement during the arterial phase and a washout on the portal venous phase. There is a central hypoattenuating area consistent with necrosis. The superior aspect of the mass is confluent with a heterogeneous soft tissue mass which infiltrates the right hemidiaphragm. Findings are suggestive of hepatocellular carcinoma.Multiple liver lesions show heterogeneous enhancement on the arterial phase and washout on the venous phase, representing metastases.A small amount of perihepatic fluid is noted.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Small bowel long segment abnormal dilatation; transition zone of high grade caliber change is seen at the right adnexa where there is a short segment of closed loop obstruction of the distal ileum with its neck seen just related to the right fallopian tube/right uterine vessels. The terminal ileum and the rest of the bowel loops located distally to the transition zone are seen collapsed with an empty rectum.There are engorged mesenteric vessels with noted abdomen and pelvic free fluid suggesting mesenteric congestion.No radiologic evidence of bowel ischemia or perforation.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Non-contrast CT of the chest demonstrates a 17 x 26 mm well-defined structure with a mean attenuation of 7 UH located in the superior mediastinum.A 2 mm width communication between this structure and the pericardial cavity is noted. There are bilateral pleural effusions.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a vessel extending inferiorly from the region of the straight sinus along the posterior margin of the abnormality close to the calcified regions. It is no clear if this is an artery or vein. No other abnormal vessels. The dural venous sinuses appear patent allowing for the phase of enhancement.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Complex, heavily comminuted proximal humerus fracture-dislocation. Off-ended surgical neck of humerus fracture with complete anterior displacement of the humeral head, which is dislocated from the glenoid anteriorly. Avulsion fracture of the greater tuberosity. Glenohumeral lipohaemarthrosis. Surrounding fat stranding.Non-opacified axillary artery for a length of approximately 3 cm as it passes inferiorly to the fracture humeral head. Proximally there is some wall irregularity. Distally there is opacification via collaterals but the brachial artery is small calibre with patchy opacification.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Axial CT, pre- and post-intravenous contrast administration, confirms the presence of an ovoid-shape, well-defined, homogeneous lesion, with rapid enhancement located in the left parotid gland.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Retained guide wire foreign body from previous right radial arterial line. Wire has migrated proximally to the brachial artery. It pierces the subclavian artery superiorly, adjacent to the costocervical trunk and passes posteriorly, to enter the spinal canal.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A right iliac fossa fairly defined and lobulated cystic lesion about 13 x 8 x 6.5 cm is seen intimately related to the caecum with fluid density as well as several foci of mural calcification. Minimal peri-lesional fat stranding with small likely nonspecific mesenteric lymphadenopathy.  No evidence of ascites or pelvic collection.  No peritoneal soft tissue mass lesions.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Free fluid around the lateral margin of the duodenum (D2) extending around the pole of the liver and the right paracolic gutter. Free peritoneal fluid in the context of blunt abdominal trauma in this distribution in a child is suspicious for duodenal perforation.Periportal free fluid.On close inspection of the coronals, a defect in the sidewall of the duodenum is visualised (key image).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT Abdomen and pelvis with contrast : Torsion of right ovary secondary to large right dermoid cyst with moderate abdominopelvic ascites.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: An expansile, non-enhancing round hypodense mass of fat-density is demonstrated in the right iliopsoas. There is associated mass effect on the right common iliac vessels and urinary bladder.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The enhanced CT with oral opacification demonstrate a left-sided oesophageal outpouching anterolateral to oesophagus and below the level of the cricopharyngeal muscle, containing food debris, and air-bubbles with thick enhancing wall. The adjacent left thyroid lobe shows a fluid collection with air-bubbles. The communication with the pharyngo-oesophageal junction is well-visualized on the enlarged axial images.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multicystic encephalomalacia is diffuse involvement of the cerebral white by hypodense cystic areas resembling lace associated with dilatation of the supratentorial ventricular system. Preserved posterior fossa with normal CT appearance.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple smooth paraspinal masses. Hepatosplenomegaly (in particular severe splenomegaly). Increased density and trabeculation of the bony skeleton.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: AORTA AND BRANCHES: An aortic dissection extending from the sinotubular junction to the distal abdominal aorta, 1.1 cm cranial to the aortic bifurcation into common iliac arteries. The false lumen is seen to originate at the rightward aspect of the sinotubular junction, not involving the coronary arteries or aortic sinus. The false lumen courses on the posterior rightward aspect of the aortic arch and anterior leftward aspect of the descending thoracic aorta. An intimal flap with a 13mm defect is noted in the anterior leftward aspect of the true lumen of the ascending aorta. The major aortic arch branches are not involved and opacify normally. Within the thoracic aorta, the false lumen is located on the right.The celiac trunk, superior inferior mesenteric arteries enhance normally. Two right renal arteries noted (a superior large calibre and a smaller calibre inferior artery) which opacify normally. A single left renal artery opacifies normally. The dissection does not extend into the common iliac arteries. The common iliac opacified normally.CHEST: No consolidation, pneumothorax, pleural or pericardial effusions.ABDOMEN AND PELVIS: The liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, adrenals, kidneys and bowel are unremarkable.SKELETAL: No focal destructive osseous lesions.CONCLUSION: Stanford Class A and DeBakey type 1 aortic dissection from the sinotubular junction to the terminal aortic bifurcation, the major branches of the aorta are opacified normally and the coronary arteries and sinus are not involved.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT abdomen with contrastAt the bifurcation of the right artery, at an extra renal site, is a small saccular aneurysm (11 mm) , with no thrombus or intimal calcification.The appearence of the renal arteries is otherwise normal.Reduced calibre of the coeliac trunk at the origin by the median arcuate ligament compression.The right adrenal gland is extensively calcified.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT confirms the chest x-ray findings of a right posterior mediastinal mass with soft tissue density and internal calcifications. The mild widening of the neural exit foramina and posterior intercostal spaces is better demonstrated. No intraspinal extension. Atelectasis at the right lung base secondary to general anaesthesia. The upper abdominal organs are normal.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A moderate amount of free fluid is seen surrounding the liver and spleen and within the pericolic gutters. Hyperdense fluid is seen within the pelvis, with a mixed density structure at the level of the right adnexa measuring approximately 3.8 x 4.3 x 4.6 cm. Hyperdense material associated with the right adnexal mass is suspicious for extravasation of contrast due to active haemorrhage into an ovarian cyst. The left ovary demonstrates numerous follicles.No evidence of free gas within the abdomen or pelvis. The appendix is not dilated. A linear hypodensity is seen posteriorly within the spleen.Normal appearance of the liver, gallbladder, pancreas and adrenal glands. Suspected small cortical cyst in the midpole of the right kidney. No small or large bowel abnormality identified.The lung bases are clear. Bilateral pars defects within L5, no acute osseous pathology identified. IMPRESSION  Findings are in keeping with haemorrhage of a right adnexal lesion, likely an ovarian cyst in the setting of a negative beta-hCG. Further evaluation with ultrasound may be of value. Linear hypodensity within the spleen may represent a focal laceration, however the surrounding fluid is more hypodense than in the pelvis and is less likely without a history of trauma. A small cleft would be more likely.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: 8.5 x 9.5 cm heterogeneous multi-septated/multiloculated cystic mildly enhancing lesion in the right hepatic lobe (segment VIII & VII) which is likely a pyogenic liver abscess. No calcifications or air densities are appreciable in it. Two small non-obstructive calculi and a few tiny simple cortical cysts are seen in the left kidney. Minimal right pleural effusion and bilateral basal atelectatic changes.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Cystic mass within the pelvis arising from the right adnexa with a fat fluid level measures 18 x 17 x 23 cm. Fatty contents measure -150 Hounsfield units. There is a soft tissue nodule centered at the fat-fluid interface of the cystic mass is consistent with a Rokitansky nodule (dermoid plug).Large volume ascites with selective sparing of the bowel and mesentery and scalloping of the liver contour suggesting peritoneal carcinomatosis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Left frontal craniectomy with cranioplasty.  Minor underlying post operative gliosis.3cm round anterior midline isodense mass centred on the planum sphenoidale at the site of the olfactory groove, with avid symmetrical oedema.Smaller similar lesion in the right temporal region close to the sphenoid wing.Hyperostosis of the floor of the anterior cranial fossa, without bony destruction.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Left apical thick-walled cavity with surrounding pulmonary nodules with tree-in-bud opacity. Scattered pulmonary nodules throughout both lungs. No focal consolidation. No pleural or pericardial effusion.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is an increased AP diameter of dural sac associated with scalloping of the posterior sacral vertebral bodies. Expansion of the sacral neural foramina is also evident.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The stomach has a diffusely thickened wall with intramural gas at the fundus. There is perigastric fat stranding in this area. There are small amounts of hepatic portal venous gas in the left lobe of the liver. The aorta and its abdominal branches show calcific atherosclerosis. Other findings: large solitary gallstone; bilateral cystic renal masses; basal peripheral consolidation in the left lung with pleural effusion; mild dependent dorsal atelectasis in both lower lung lobes; possible small pulmonary embolism in a lower lobe segmental artery on the right.