Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Evidence clockwise swirling of mesentery and superior mesenteric vein around superior mesenteric artery at the duodenojejunal junction making the so-called whirlpool sign resulting in significant distension of the duodenum, gastric pyloris and stomach.The duodenojejunal flexure (DJF) is located lower than its normal position showing abrupt narrowing. No bowel dilatation distal to the DJF.Right renal pelvis fullness is noted probably due to pressure effect caused by distended duodenum.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Intrahepatic bile ducts appear normal. There is a 59×53×41 mm cystic lesion at portahepatis between the gallbladder and pancreatic head. Choledoch could not be defined separate than mentioned cystic lesion. The gallbladder is collapsed and contains an 8 mm stone.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The entire pancreas is contained within a large complex multiloculated fluid collection with average density of 12 HU, which extends from the splenic hilum, across the lesser sac into the paracolic gutters bilaterally. Mild amount of inflammatory stranding surrounding the pseudocyst at the region of the porta hepatis and surrounding the spleen. No loss of enhancement of the pancreatic parenchyma to suggest necrosis.The portal vein opacifies normally but is mildly compressed as it passes posterior to the large collection. No portal vein thrombus. The splenic vein is markedly compressed by the large collection and barely discernable. Collateral venous vessels are located at the splenic hilum and around the stomach. The superior mesenteric vein opacifies normally.The gastric mucosa appears oedematous along with submucosal oedema of the ascending colon, which may suggest some venous congestion. No dilated loops of large or small bowel to suggest obstruction. No free intra-abdominal air.The liver, gallbladder, spleen, adrenals and kidneys have a normal appearance. No splenomegaly. The hepatic contour appears smooth.No bony abnormality. Mild dependent atelectasis at the lung bases, which are otherwise clear. IMPRESSION  Interval development of a large complex pancreatic pseudocyst since the previous CT one month ago, with mild inflammatory stranding at the porta hepatis and adjacent to the spleen. Marked compression of the splenic vein by the large pseudocyst with development of collateral venous flow at the splenic hilum and around the stomach. No portal venous thrombosis is evident. Mild ascending colitis is likely reactive as it passes directly adjacent to the right side of the largest locule of the pseudocyst. No pneumoperitoneum.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Nutmeg liver due to congestion. Edema surrounding gallbladder. Right nephrectomy. Left renal microwave ablation defects x 2. No metastases. Right posterior flank hernia. Fat/fluid level in the urinary bladder.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large pelvic mass that is heterogeneously enhancing peripherally with central fluid density and prominent calcifications. Left pelvic sidewall lymphadenopathy. There is a further calcific focus associated with the sigmoid colon.Previous hysterectomy. There is diffuse thickening of the sigmoid wall. There are some thick-walled loops of small bowel within the right lower quadrant anterior to the mass with mesenteric fat stranding.Hepatic and renal cysts. Mild right hydronephrosis with the point of obstruction being the ureter as it passes between the right iliac vessels and the pelvic mass.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Intrahepatic bile ducts appear normal. There is a 59×53×41mm cystic lesion at portahepatis between the gallbladder and pancreatic head. Choledoch could not be defined separate than mentioned cystic lesion.The gallbladder is collapsed and contains an 8mm stone.Calyseal dilatation is present at right kidney particularly at upper pole. Few tiny stones less than 3mm also is present at right kidney.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CTA shows all segments of the left ICA were hypoplastic. The caliber of the left common carotid artery and the external carotid artery was smaller than right.Axial CT images at the level of the skull base demonstrate the small and hypoplastic left carotid canal.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Heterogeneously enhancing 5.1 cm right renal mass with adjacent retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a large vividly enhancing soft tissue mass of the right upper cervical region, splaying the internal and external carotid (lyre sign).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: On the right side: There is an oblique fracture line traversing the right petrous bone involving the right lateral and posterior semicircular canals and the vestibule and the tympanic portion of the bony facial canal.Incudomalleolar dislocation on the right side.  On the left side: There is ossification of the lateral, posterior and superior semicircular canals as well as the basal turn of the cochlea.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The intrauterine device (IUD) is seen at the right iliac fossa instead of the uterine cavity.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Arrows indicate the afferent loop (distal descending colon entering the volvulus) and the efferent loop (distal sigmoid colon twisting as it exits the volvulus).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Evidence of metallic stent placement across the esophagojejunostomy site is visible. Free contrast leakage is not seen, but faint persistent leakage is suspected (seen between the stent and a drain). Contrast leakage is now visible in the collection adjacent to the duodenal stump, confirming duodenal stump leakage.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Gross cardiomegaly associated with thoracic aortic dissection involving the distal ascending aorta extending into the arch and descending aorta with poor filling of the false lumen. Aortic arch branches are intact and there is no evidence of recent rupture into either the pericardium or pleural space.Features of gross cirrhosis and portal hypertension with enlargement of the IVC and hepatic veins suggestive of right heart failure. Bibasal lung atelectasis and probable interstitial oedema.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A large mass with calcified foci and central necrosis occupies most of the right liver lobe and medial segments of the left liver lobe. The mass shows heterogeneous arterial hyper-enhancement and delayed washout. It encases the right and middle hepatic veins and compresses the inferior part of intrahepatic IVC. Several venovenous intrahepatic collaterals developed because of venous obstruction. A small focus of tumoral invasion is suspected within the right portal vein. The hepatic artery hypertrophies to supply the hypervascular mass. The mass compresses the pre-pyloric antrum and the duodenal bulb. A few pulmonary nodules are visible even in the abdominal window setting. The secreted contrast in renal pelvises is due to a previous study.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Two inferior vena cavas are seen on both sides of the aorta. The left inferior vena cava drains into the left renal vein.A tiny radio-dense calculus is seen in the upper pole of the right kidney.Mesenteric panniculitis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple calcified subependymal tubers are noted.Calcified large subcortical tuber is also visualized in the right frontal lobe.Intensely enhancing  round hyperdense mass is seen in subependymal location of frontal horns of the right lateral ventricle causing compression over the right foramen of Monro and resultant dilatation of right lateral ventricle.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large left subpectoral haematoma extending superiorly from the left clavipectoral fascia to 5th rib inferiorly and is bounded medially by the sternum and laterally by the axilla. There is evidence of active arterial bleeding but no large artery in continuity with the blushes is identified. Hyperdense layering at the fluid-fluid level seen on the delayed imaging consistent with blood pooling.Normal opacification of the left subclavian artery. Left internal mammary artery is distant to the collection and patent. Superior thoracic artery passes anterior to the collection to supply the pectoral muscles. No continuity between the axillary artery branches and the arterial blushes identified. Imaged proximal axillary artery is patent. No underlying acute rib fractures.Right internal jugular line central venous catheter is well positioned.Nodular air space opacification within the right middle lobe and a cavitating lesion in the posterobasal left lower lobe. No pneumothorax or pleural effusion.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Ill-defined hypoenhancement involving hepatic segments six and to a lesser extent hepatic segment seven. This is associated with dilation of the intrahepatic ducts draining the segments, which appear to lead to the cholecystectomy clips. No hyperenhancement on arterial and portal venous phases. No discrete mass.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple low density liver lesions including one lesion with extra-capsular extension into the wall of the gastric fundus. Circumferential wall thickening of the caecum. Given the clinical setting, the appearance suggests colitis of the caecum with hepatic abscesses.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple intraluminal abdominal aorta hypoattenuated thrombus seen extending to the celiac trunk and SMA with partial occlusion of their lumens associated with:Multiple ill-defined areas of non-enhancing low attenuation scattered through the periphery of the liver parenchyma. Background fatty liver with areas of focal fatty sparing adjacent to the gallbladder fossa. Extensive areas of confluent non-enhancing hypodensity in the spleen, mostly reaching the periphery of the organ, with no gas locules seen in them. The spleen is average sized, The splenic vein appears patent.Right renal heterogeneous hypoattenuated cortical non-enhancing patches and similar small patch at the lower pole of the left kidney.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Hazy hypodensity with mild loss of  gray-white differentiation in the left occipital lobe (primary and secondary visual areas).Poor opacification of the left PCA at P3-P4 level.No intra- or extra-axial collection or hemorrhage. No focal abnormality. Grey-white differentiation is preserved elsewhere. Ventricular size, sulcal pattern, and basal cisterns all appear normal. No bony abnormality.Lacunar infarction of the head of the caudate nucleus.A dominant left vertebral artery with a hypoplastic right vertebral artery ending mainly in a posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA).Fetal origin of the right posterior cerebral artery.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Contrast-enhanced thoracic CT shows multiple enhancing soft tissue masses in bilateral para-vertebral gutters in favor of extramedullary hematopoiesis.Moderate pleural effusion and a chest tube with the passive collapse of the right lung base is evident in the right hemithorax. Amorphous dense material in the effusion in right hemithorax is in favor of hematoma.Another soft tissue mass of extramedullary hematopoiesis is also seen in the pre-sacral area. Evidence of splenectomy and hepatomegaly is seen.Few smaller than 2-centimeter hepatic nodules with delayed washout but without arterial hyper-enhancement are seen in the left liver lobe.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The pelvis & lower abdomen centre are seen occupied by bi-compartmental longitudinally positioned thick-walled cystic structure with thick mid-line wall. It measured 3 X 5.4 X 5.6 cm along its maximal axial & craniocaudal dimensions. The cavities are seen distended with fluid density reading with a mean attenuation 3-5HU. The urinary bladder is seen compressed opposite anterior abdominal wall.A cystic lesion is seen sagging from the introitus with area of collapsed wall seen at the level of the presumed vagina being continuous superiorly with the thick midline wall of the fore-mentioned lesion. It measured 3.3 X 4.5 cm along its maximal axial & craniocaudal dimensions.The left kidney shows an oval-shaped thick wall cyst at its mid-zone posteriorly showing high-density fluid reading a mean attenuation 15 HU & measuring 1.8 X 1.4 cm in diameters.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The liver, spleen, pancreas and adrenals have a normal appearance. There is a low attenuating ovoid area within cortex of the midpole of the right kidney. This measures 34 x 14 mm (HU 35) and is atypical for a cyst. The kidneys are otherwise normal. No abdominal or pelvic lymphadenopathy identified. No free gas, no abdominal or pelvic collection evident.In the right groin is a 21 x 13 mm fluid density structure anterior and medial to the common femoral vein. It has a thin tail extending to the expected location of the superficial inguinal ring.The appendix is not clearly defined however no indirect evidence of appendicitis. No obvious diverticular disease. The large and small bowel have been more caliber and gas pattern. No evidence of obstruction. Within the pelvis there is a large fibroid uterus. Within the fundus of the uterus there is a 40 mm well defined slightly heterogeneous fibroid. The internal features are of low density and may be consistent with a recent internal hemorrhage. Conclusion No obvious diverticulitis or features of appendicitis. Large fibroid uterus with heterogeneous fundal fibroid suggestive of recent internal bleed.Right canal of Nuck hydrocele.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT confirms a laceration of the spleen (AAST grade III). Note that the amount of free fluid increased significantly even though only minutes passed between the CT and US exams. A small left basal pneumothorax is clearly seen with discrete contusion dorsally (see representative lung window image).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a large pineal region mass, which causes compression of the cerebral aqueduct resulting in obstructive hydrocephalus and transependymal oedema. No acute intracranial haemorrhage. No transtentorial/tonsillar herniation or midline shift.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large right lobar haemorrhage (frontal and parietal lobes) involving cortex, subcortical white matter and periventricular white matter. There is subarachnoid and intraventricular haemorrhage. The haematoma has multiple finger-like projections.Significant mass effect resulting in midline shift and obstructive hydrocephalus of the lateral ventricles.Mild periventricular low attenuation may represent small vessel change or transependymal CSF spread.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Normal appearance of the brain parenchyma with no evidence of space occupying lesion.Ventricles and basal cisterns appear normal.Incidental findings of bilateral symmetrical small cyst with ring calcification, measures 1.3 x 1.6cm in the right side, 1.2 into 1.7cm in the left side, in the choroid plexus of the occipital horns, in keeping with choroid plexus xanthogranulomas.Incidental findings of parietal foramina, larger on the left side.No evidence of sinusitis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Hyperattenuating ascites relative to urine within the bladder.Thick enhancing peritoneal reflections.An enlarged hypoattenuating porta hepatis lymph node with rim enhancement.Hyperattenuating mild pericardial effusion/thickening.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Urgent non-contrast CT brain did not demonstrated any cortical infarct however dense right posterior cerebral artery (P1 segment) was noted.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large right liver mass with attenuation of the right hepatic vein and invasion of the inferior vena cava that extends cranially into the right atrium. The caval/atrial mass enhances between the phases. Inferiorly to this there is contrast mixing within the inferior vena cava. Heterogeneous right adrenal mass. Rectal mural thickening and mesorectal fat stranding and fluid. Small volume of intraperitoneal free fluid.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Right posterior pulmonary contusion particularly within the lower lobe. Associated right lower lobe pulmonary interstitial emphysema with air tracking into the mediastinum (pneumomediastinum). This mechanism of blunt traumatic pneumomediastiunum is known as the Macklin effect. Trace air below the heart in the epicardial fat explains the continuous diaphragm sign seen on x-ray. Small right pneumothorax predominantly anterobasally and trace left apical pneumothorax also present.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT examination of the orbit confirmed the right bare orbit with defective and dysplastic right greater wing of sphenoid.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: marked circumferential mass thickening of the duodenum and the almost of the jejunum up to 2 cm moderate dense free intraperitoneal fluid increased vascularity of the affected bowel no signs of malignancy no hepatic or nodal deposits no intestinal obstruction


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Significant faecal impaction in the rectum and redundant sigmoid colon.  The sigmoid colon extends to the level of the diaphragm over a length of approximately 30 cm (12 inches), with a maximal transverse dimension of 15 cm (6 inches).  Significant mass effect from the distended sigmoid colon on adjacent structures noted.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a 5 mm erosion of the periosteum and cortex on the medial aspect of the distal radial metaphysis just proximal to the distal physis. The eroded bone is slightly sclerotic which is suggestive of a chronic process. There is negative ulna variance and the epiphysis of the shortened ulna is located adjacent to the eroded portion of the radius. The appearances are consistent with ulna impingement syndrome.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is marked diastasis of the scapholunate articulation due to complete tear of the scapholunate ligament, with proximal migration, between the two bones, of the capitate (SLAC stage III: radioscaphoid involvement, scaphocapitate and lunocapitate).The lunate is directed in the dorsal direction with respect to the capitate (DISI).Associated radioscaphoid joint space reduction due to degenerative joint disease.Scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT) osteoarthritis.Negative ulnar variance.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A large sliding hiatus hernia containing fundus and body of the stomach.Tiny calcified hepatic granuloma in segment 4b, otherwise unremarkable liver.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Shepherd crook deformity of the left femur with a large, irregular lucent lesion expanding the femoral neck through proximal diaphysis. Some early cortical breakthrough along the anterior margin. Few smaller lucencies in the left pelvis/acetabulum.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Dilated, fluid-filled distal small bowel. Dilated cecum and appendix. Intussusception of the hepatic flexure into the transverse colon, which has an "accordion"-like appearance as it is folded over. The lead point is a lipoma, which has a few areas of mild stranding and adjacent foci of air. Distal colon is decompressed. Left nephrogram is slightly delayed (I am unsure why).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a distal small bowel obstruction with transition point in the ileum, in addition to colitis affecting the distal descending, sigmoid colon, and rectum. This combination of findings raises the possibility of inflammatory bowel disease.Retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy also noted.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A well-circumscribed midline thin-walled cystic lesion within the submental triangle. It measures 4.2 x 3.5 x 3.5 cm (AP x TR x CC) in maximum three dimensions. It has a relatively high-density dependent contents and a posterior wall focus of calcification and no appreciable post-contrast enhancement. Appearance in keeping with complicated dermoid/epidermoid cyst.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a large pseudoaneurysm at the left ventricular apex measuring 5 cm in diameter. There is bleeding into the pericardial space suggestive of traumatic rupture of the left ventricular apical wall.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A 55×38mm thick-walled cystic lesion with few internal septations are seen at left upper neck space, lateral to the carotid sheath and deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle.Mild degenerative changes as osteophytosis are seen at the cervical spine.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: L1/L2 disk loss with endplate erosions and sclerosis and mild focal kyphosis. Collections (some of which are partially calcified) in the paraspinal region of lower thorax, right psoas muscle which decompresses into the posterior right flank subcutaneous tissues through a thin tract resulting in a very large collection, left psoas and iliacus muscles with extension into the left presacral space resulting is osteomyelitis. Mild bilateral striated nephrograms.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Two weeks after previously shown ultrasound.Hydrops of the gallbladder but no wall thickening. Very dense substance in the gallbladder's dependent part, without any radiopaque stones identifiable. No dilatation of intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts.Known liver cirrhosis with ascites.Known renal insufficiency. No ERCP or intravenous contrast administration over the last 12 months.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Hepatic steatosis. Normal caliber enhancing (inflamed) common bile duct. Normal enhancing pancreas. Peripancreatic fluid and stranding. Organizing collection inferior the uncinate process, possibly the sequelae of subacute pancreatitis. Splenic and portal vein patent. Pneumatosis of the entire colon to the level of the anal canal. Small foci of extraluminal air, greatest along the posterior ascending colon.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a left lower lung consolidation of posterobasal location with a cystic component within and surrounding nodular, and micronodular opacities (infected). The lesion shows a systemic arterial supply taking origin from the descending thoracic aorta above the diaphragm. The venous drainage is via the pulmonary venous system.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large right renal stone cast following the contours of the calyces and pelvis. On bone windows, the laminations are apparent. Mild stranding about the right pelvis, consistent with inflammation.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Bilateral parotid gland enlargement with hyperdense foci (calcifications) bilaterally associated with submandibular and lacrimal glands enlargement.Several lymph nodes were seen bilaterally, of normal shape and preserved hilum.Mild mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinuses also noted.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Abnormally dilated lumen of the thoracic part of oesophagus with mural wall thickening measures 14 mm in maximum thickness.  Long segment mural edema of small bowel (jejunal) with attenuated lumen. No abnormally dilated bowel loops.Abnormal circumferential bladder wall thickening with minimal mural oedema of both ureters with peri-ureteric fat stranding.Mild amount of free abdominal fluid.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Circumaortic left renal vein and two left renal arteries are noted. Bilateral varying size simple renal cortical cysts are seen.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT head, day 1Acute right MCA-ACA territory infarct involving, inter alia, the head, genu and anterior body of the corpus callosum, right basal ganglia and cerebral peduncle, and causing a minimal frontal subfalcine herniation.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Marked inflammatory stranding and fluid around the length of the pancreas.Calculus is seen at the proximal main pancreatic duct near the major duodenal papilla.No dilatation of the main pancreatic duct.Mild dilatation of the common bile duct to 7 mm. No intrahepatic duct dilatation.Radiodense cholelithiasis present.Features consistent with acute pancreatitis. Cholelithiasis and a calculus present at the proximal main pancreatic duct near the major duodenal papilla is the likely cause for the pancreatitis


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Technique: Non-contrasted volumetric acquisition through the brain.  Findings: There is no intracerebral or subarachnoid haemorrhage. There is no extra-axial collection.The basal cisterns and ventricles are unremarkable in their appearance and anatomy.There is a hyperdense mass present within the superior right frontotemporal lobe measuring 2.3 cm x 2.7 cm in size. There is associated oedema. The mass appears to be durally based and may represent the presence of a meningioma. Correlation to any previous imaging is recommended. Further evaluation with contrast enhanced CT scan and MRI could be considered. The midline remains central.There is an unremarkable appearance to the craniocervical junction and pituitary fossa. No orbital or retro-orbital abnormality is demonstrated. The visualised portions of the paranasal sinuses appear unremarkable. The mastoid air cells remain aerated.No expansile or lytic osseous lesion is seen. No significant subgaleal haematoma is evident. No definite skull base or calvarial fracture is identified.Conclusion: Hyperdense, likely extra-axial mass within the right frontotemporal lobe, with associated oedema. Correlation to previous imaging is recommended. Further assessment with contrast enhanced imaging and/or an MRI is recommended.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large exophytic cystic mass, 92×78×72 mm in diameters, is noted at anterior aspect of left kidney. Thick internal septation and solid components are seen within the lesion which shows enhancement on post contrast images .The urinary drainage tract is unobstructed.Two small hypo dense lesions , 6 mm and 7 mm in diameters , are noted at right lobe of the liver which show no apparent enhancement on post contrast images .


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Patient had acute kidney failure, therefore contrast couldn't be used.A segment of the ileum protrudes through the obturator foramen and the herniated segment is trapped between the obturator externus and the pectineus muscles, causing small bowel obstruction.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Enlarged right kidney shows multiple air pockets in pelvicalyceal system, paraplevic location & few foci of air attenuation in renal parenchyma. Reactive inflammatory thickening of renal fascia is seen along with significant peri- & pararenal fat stranding, findings are consistent with emphysematous pyelonephritisNo intrarenal or extrarenal abscess / collection seen.Tiny hypodense lesion of fat attenuation at upper right renal pole is again identified and is consistent with angiomyolipoma.Left kidney and visualized part of other abdominal organs are unremarkable,Free intraluminal air seen in urinary bladder, no intramural foci seen.Patient was treated vigorously and a follow up CT was done after 15 days.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Tubular outpouching arising from the apex of left ventricle consistent with ventricular diverticulum (incidental finding).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Perforation of the medial aspect of the 2nd portion of the duodenum. Reactive inflammation of the 2nd and proximal 3rd portion of the duodenum. Air and fluid are tracking in the retroperitoneum. Specifically, it is in the anterior pararenal space (anterior margin = peritoneum, posterior margin = anterior renal/Gerota fascia).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: 6 x 8.5 x 10 cm (AP X TR X CC) fat-containing mass in the right posterior flank. Few areas of mildly thickened septations and stranding; however, the predominant composition of the mass is fat. No discrete rounded soft tissue elements. The mass extends in between and displaces the 11-12th ribs, and to a lesser extent the 10th-11th ribs. No pathologic fracture. The mass distorts the posterior liver capsule and anteriorly displaces the right kidney and retroperitoneum. Loss of tissue plane between the posterior flank/abdominal wall musculature; the latter appears thinned in the areas contacting the mass.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a large right Spigelian hernia containing multiple loops of small bowel. A transition point is seen in the ileum as it enters the hernia. Dilated loops are seen within the hernia with further transition points within the small bowel as it exits and re-enters the hernia (Maydl's hernia). There is moderate surrounding soft tissue stranding in keeping with incarceration. The large bowel is collapsed.Bilateral small (right: 5cm, left: 6cm) scarred kidneys and a right iliac fossa transplant kidney.The remaining intra-abdominal viscera are unremarkable within the limitations of a non-contrast CT. No free intraperitoneal gas. Conclusion Large right Spigelian hernia containing multiple loops of small bowel (Maydl hernia) with an associated closed-loop small bowel obstruction.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large irregular mildly enhancing fungating tumour of the left posterior urinary bladder wall centred on the left VUJ. Left-sided hydronephrosis and hydroureter and associated mildly reduced perfusion to the left kidney. Several low-density renal lesions, representing parapelvic and cortical cysts.Semi-annular wall thickening of the cecum with length of 3.5 cm and wall thickness up to 1.6 cm. No upstream dilatation.No enlarged lymph node. No metastases identified.Hypoplastic left liver lobe. Multiple calcified uterine fibroids. Conclusion  Left posterior bladder wall mass causing marked left renal collecting system obstruction likely TCC - recommend cystoscopy. Dual diagnosis of cecal malignancy which is almost certainly a primary colonic cancer - recommend colonoscopy.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Several diverticula of the medial aspect of the appendix which are markedly inflamed with periappendiceal fat stranding. Appendix itself looks unremarkable.No fluid collections or free gas. Several reactive lymph nodes within the draining mesentery.Mild uncomplicated diverticulosis in the sigmoid is also noted.Conclusion:Appearances were suspicious for acute diverticulitis of the appendix.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Asymmetrical enlargement of the seminal vesicles, right larger than the left with multiseptated hypodense collection within the right seminal vesicle with peripheral enhancement, and subtle adjacent fat stranding. The prostate is moderately enlarged with low attenuations areas, indicating most likely prostatic abscesses. The right ductus deferens appears moderately enlarged with an enhanced wall (pelvic segment).The CT urography was unremarkable.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Left sided acute intracerebral haematoma, with its epicentre in the external capsule. There is a small volume of subarachnoid haemorrhage in the left Sylvian fissure but no intraventricular haemorrhage.The haematoma and perihaematomal oedema result in partial effacement of the left lateral ventricle and minor midline shift. There is no hydrocephalus.Moderate generalised cerebral volume loss. Mild periventricular low attenuation in keeping with small vessel change. Multiple chronic infarcts in the basal ganglia, left frontal and right parietal lobes, and the cerebellar hemispheres.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Images show: an oval-shaped radio-dense stone of about 2 x 1.5 cm size within the left renal pelvis associated with mild back pressure changes a well-defined, 4.1 x 3.5 x 2.2 cm, fluid-density, non-enhancing structure within the retro-crural region, that is seen passing through the aortic hiatus being posterior and to the right of the aorta consistent with a large cisterna chyli anomalous origins of the left gastric artery (from aorta), of left hepatic artery (from left gastric artery) and of right hepatic artery (from coeliac artery).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Traumatic rupture of the left diaphragm with herniation of the gastric fundus into the thoracic cavity.There is also an AAST grade 1 splenic laceration anteriorly.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple cavitary lesions in both lungs upper lobes, most notably within the right lung upper lobe. Numerous branching tree in bud nodular opacities in both lungs mainly in the upper lobes as well as in the upper segments of lower lobes. Subcentimetre prominent mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes. No significant pleural effusion or pneumothorax. Filling defects in left lung lower lobar arteries suggesting pulmonary thrombo-embolism


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a mild posteroinferior sliding of the left proximal femoral epiphysis with widening and irregularity of the growth plate, blurring of the physeal edges and focal area of metaphyseal demineralization.Note a focal bone bridge formation crossing the growth plate.The right side appears normal.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Chest Lungs and large airways: a 13 x 9.5 mm fairly well defined parenchymal lesion is seen sitting on the major fissure inside the apical segment of left lower lobe. No other lung lesions.Pleura: normal. No pleural effusion or thickening.Heart and pericardium: heart size is normal. Cardiac motion artefacts present, however increased prominence of left ventricle papillary muscles.Mediastinum and hila: enlarged, right upper and left upper paratracheal, aortopulmonary, subcarinal and right hilar stations largest 16 mm in short axis.Chest wall and lower neck: Non visualization of right pectoralis major and minor. Mild hypoplasia of right lower half of manubrium with inward flexion of manubrium.Vessels: normal.Bones: mild dorsal spondylosis. Abdomen and pelvis Numerous enlarged solid lymph nodes both discrete and in sheet forms are seen in retroperitoneum – para aortic, aorto caval and para caval stations, along celiac axis and splenic vein and also in right external iliac group largest 3 cm in short axis.  Liver: mildly enlarged. No focal lesions.Bile ducts: normalGall bladder: no calcified stones. Normal caliber wall.Pancreas: normal in morphology. 3.0 x 2.0 cm poorly defined lesion in tail. Normal head, uncinate process and body. Normal pancreatic duct.Spleen: enlarged, 13 cm with multiple parenchymal hypodense infiltrates, largest 5.0 x 4.0 cm in lower pole.Adrenals: normalKidneys: normalBowel: normal caliber and morphology. No focal lesions.Peritoneum: no ascites or free air; no fluid collection.Vessels: normal.Abdominal wall: normal.Urinary bladder: circumferential mural thickening and poor distension. No calculiProstate: normal.Diffuse calcification of bilateral seminal vesicles and vas deferens.Bones: mild lumbar spondylosis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT CHEST7cm fluid-air filled cavity at the left base in continuity with the stomach which extends through a 1.6cm defect in the left hemi-diaphragm.Tiny anterobasal left pneumothorax, measuring 8mm in depth.  Left basal consolidation presumed contusional.Fractures of the left 3-8th ribs, prodominently posteriorly in the paramidline.CT ABDOMENSolid organs normal.No free gas or fluid.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Combined cleavage and compression fracture of the lateral tibial plateau. Extends to the medial tibial plateau. The distance between the lowest point of the intact tibial plateau and the depressed fragment 9 mm.Fracture of the proximal fibula .Fat-fluid level of lipohaemoarthrosis is noted in the suprapatellar recess.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT confirms an acute avulsion fracture of the left femoral head medially at the superoanterior aspect of the fovea capitis where the ligamentum teres inserts. Acute left hip joint effusion noted.There is an old ununited fracture of the left superoposterior acetabular margin. Old ununited avulsion fracture of the left lesser trochanter also demonstrated.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Huge abdominopelvic mass arising from the uterus. It appears bilobed in nature with its inferior component having mixed solid and cystic components (predominantly solid) whereas its superior component is predominantly cystic in nature and has a few thin enhancing septae. Mild ascites and a tiny cyst in the right hepatic lobe. No evidence of loco-regional or distant metastasis is seen.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The gallbladder is normal in size, containing small calculi with the thick and enhanced wall. A wall defect is seen at the fundus of the gallbladder, communicating with the abdominal wall through an enhancing fistulous track.Mild bilateral pleural effusion.Small paraduodenal diverticulum and renal cysts are noted.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Paraaortic soft tissue mass in the anterior mediastinum with invasion and stenosis of the superior vena cava. Moderate infiltration of the adjacent fat.Single enlarged lymph nodes of the anterior mediastinumLow density of the heart, thoracic and abdominal aorta in the arterial phase.Hight density of extended cava-caval anastomoses: vv. prenicae inferiores dexrtrae, v. lumbalis, v. toracoepigasrica, v. toracica interna, vv. epigastricae superior et superficialis.Early contrast enhancement of the inferior vena cava through the vv. prenicae inferiores dexrtrae and v. lumbalis.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Hydatid cysts in the liver, spleen, peritoneum, and retroperitoneum.Liver disease: A large cyst in the anterior right hepatic lobe measures 7 x 7.7 cm, and contains fat, indicating communication with the biliary tree. Multiple small adjacent cysts along the anterior margin. Large, relatively simple cyst with mildly thickened wall in the inferior right hepatic lobe, measuring 8.1 x 8.0 cm.The cyst along the periphery of hepatic segment 7 and 5 likely ruptured and is relatively small in size conforming to the shape of the liver margin, and may account for the right pleural effusion. Several other cysts projecting along the inferior aspect of the right and left hepatic lobes.　Cyst projecting inferiorly from the right hepatic lobe into the paracolic gutter has ruptured, evidenced by stranding and discontinuity/irregularity along the inferior aspect. It has a floating membrane and small amount of fat. Numerous small cystic structures throughout the remainder of the abdomen along the expected location of the omentum, indicating peritoneal spread of disease. There are a few coarse calcifications in the peritoneum.Cysts within the pelvis surrounding the uterus and adnexa. Several cysts in the left retroperitoneum adjacent to the descending colon and inferior to the left kidney. Several cysts within the medial aspect of the spleen.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large anterior mediastinal mass measuring up to 10.2cm accounts for the changes seen on CXR. The internal characteristics are difficult to confirm due to the arterial nature of the study.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Complementary CT slices demonstrate bilateral nearly symmetrical calcified posterior extradural densities at the level of C4-5 corresponding to an ossified ligamentum flavum (OLF). Similar, but less severe, ossification is seen at the bilateral C3-4 ligamentum flavum. Multiple segmental mushroom-shaped ossified posterior longitudinal ligaments (OPLL) opposite the C5, C6 and C7 vertebral bodies. Focal ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) is demonstrated as well.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Right nephrectomy. Cluster of abnormal loops of small bowel within the nephrectomy bed which are fluid-filled, have thickened walls with slightly diminished enhancement, and are associated with mesenteric edema. The afferent and efferent loops of this cluster converge centrally at a single point, consistent with passing through an internal hernia defect or tight adhesive band. Proximally, the small bowel is mildly dilated with gradual transition of enteric contrast into fluid-filled loops of bowel. Distally, the small bowel is decompressed.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Foley catheter within the bladder. Diffuse stranding and extraperitoneal fluid about the bladder. Soft tissue enhancement of right ureteral stump is consistent with recurrent urothelial carcinoma (a known finding). Staple at the top of the ureteral stump.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Huge posterior uterine wall fibroid occupying the pelvis and most of the abdominal cavity. The uterus is seen twisted at the cervical and upper vaginal region with congested uterine vessels and fluid filled uterine cavity.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The rectum to the rectosigmoid junction is massively distended measuring 11cm in axial diameter and is occupied by a large volume of impacted faeces.The bladder and uterus are displaced by the feculent filled rectum.No proximal bowel obstruction.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Diffuse miliary nodules throughout both lungs.Right anterior chest wall abscess in the parasternal region.Left paratracheal lymph node.Para-aortic lymphadenopathy in the upper abdomen.Ovarian dermoid.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Left ventricle with false tendon in the middle segment from the anteroseptal to anterolateral wall and few more from the septal wall to the subvalvular cistem.Transverse plane of the aorta shows bicuspid valve. Aortic coarctation is partially imaged.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Both kidneys are seen in the right iliac region, where the left kidney is crossed and fused with the right one, showing fused upper and lower poles, forming a "pancake" shaped kidney.Both right and left adrenal glands are present in their normal anatomical location. Both ureters insert into their normal anatomical location in the urinary bladder.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a blind-ending, tubular structure with thick, contrast enhancing walls adjacent to and actually connected to the distal ileum. The structure is surrounded by stranding of intra-abdominal fat. Note the moderate dilatation of proximal small bowel secondary to the inflammatory process in the distal ileum. In this sagittal series you can readily identify the normal appendix, which in this patient has a retrocaecal course.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Gross left-sided pleural effusion is seen with near complete collapse of the ipsilateral lung.A linear hypodense fistulous tract is seen extending from the pancreatic duct, coursing upwards through the left diaphragm and communication with the pleural fluid suggestive of a pancreaticopleural fistula.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Avulsion of the malleolus tertius.Spiral fracture of the middle fibular shaft.Suspected fracture of the posterior tubercle of the talus versus Os trigonum.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Distended oesophagus, stomach, and duodenum up to 3rd part with an intraluminal diverticulum within the duodeno-jejunal junction seen as a double duodenal lumen, obstructing the digestive lumen. The diverticular neck seems to be at the ampullary region.Dilatation of the intra and extrahepatic biliary tree, down to the ampulla, for example 20 mm CBD. Pancreatic duct (5 mm) with stretching to the left. No biliary ductal stone or pancreatic head tumour seen.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Axial non-contrast CT showing numerous cysts of varying sizes involving almost whole of both kidneys. ON the coronal image, a few non-obstructing stones are visible.There are also multiple cysts in the liver.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a well-circumscribed oval-shaped slightly hypodense (to muscle) solid mass in the right adnexium, suggestive of ovarian origin. This mass shows scanty and slow enhancement to contrast. It measures about 6.0 X 5.5 X 4.2 cm in its LS x AP x TS dimensions, with an estimated volume of 72.5 cm3. No calcification or cystic component is seen. There are gross ascites, as well as right-sided moderate pleural collection. There is associated loss of volume and consolidative/atelectatic changes in the adjacent lung parenchyma.Some tiny ring-like myometrial calcifications, suggestive of leiomyoma are noted. Incidental left renal simple cortical cyst is also seen.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Innumerable hepatic and renal cysts. In the left renal interpolar region there is a hypodense mass with enhancing soft tissue at its medial aspect. No enlarged lymph nodes. Left upper pole renal calculus.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Non contrast CT of the brain demonstrates an acute intracerebral haemorrhage centred in the left basal ganglia and thalamus with associated perifocal edema. There is intraventricular dissection of the blood in the left lateral and 3rd ventricles.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is asymmetric enlargement of the right superior ophthalmic vein and right cavernous sinus.  Enhancing foci are seen in the right cavernous sinus in the arterial phase. Reflux of contrast into the right superior ophthalmic vein is noted with enhancement in the arterial phase. There is right-sided proptosis, diffuse thickening of right extra-ocular muscles, mild periorbital swelling and mild soft tissue stranding/edema in the right intraorbital fat.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The left main bronchus (about 2 cm distal to the carina) shows a small foreign body impacted just proximal to its bifurcation into segmental branches (arrowhead in annotated image) measuring ~8 mm in maximum diameter. Consequent associated hyperinflation of the left lung, with increased lucency denoting air trapping.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Irregular, lobulated saccular aneurysm arising from the right lateral aspect of the thoraco-abdominal aorta surrounded by a walled-off, peripherally enhancing fluid collection. The aneurysm and collection occur at the level of the aortic hiatus with thickening of the right diaphragmatic crus.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Enlarged spleen showing multiple variable-sized focal lesions, the largest lesion is seen at its upper pole. The focal lesions show early heterogeneous contrast enhancement with progressive enhancement on delayed imaging resembling haemangioma. Radiological findings were impressive of sclerosing angiomatoid transformation of the spleen.Right adrenal nodule showing macroscopic fat, impressive of myelolipoma.Bilateral renal simple cortical cysts.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There is a saccular outpouching seen originating from the medial side of the proximal descending aorta 2.3 cm distal to the left subclavian artery with approximate dimensions of 2.6 x 1.5 x 2.6 cm. Given the history of trauma, the above finding is indicative of a pseudoaneurysm.There is minimal pericardial effusion.Atelectatic changes are seen in both lungs.Soft tissue emphysema at the anterolateral chest wall is demonstrated.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: There are multiple low-attenuating mass like lesions with loculated fluid throughout the peritoneum, omentum and mesentery, accompanied by scalloping of visceral surfaces, particularly the liver. No calcification is present. A few simple cortical cysts are seen at both kidneys, less than 18mm.The prostate gland is enlarged. Degenerative changes as osteophytosis are seen at the lumbar spine.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Right high parietal subgaleal venous blood vessels which tightly adhere to the outer calvarium and directly communicate with the intracranial superior sagittal venous sinus through diploic emissary veins.CT clearly identify the bone defects (enlarged bilateral foramina) through which the emissary veins passes.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A porta catheter is noted. Superior vena cava is seen filled with an internal thrombus extending for an about 8.2 cm seen surrounding the porta catheter tube, continuing superiorly into the left brachiocephalic vein for about 3.6 cm segment and into the proximal part of the right brachiocephalic vein. The thrombus is reaching inferiorly ending at the cavo-atrial junction. Collateral venous channels are seen along the anterior chest wall.Mild left pleural effusion. Patent pulmonary artery and its main branches down to the 3rd order branches with no filling defects or aneurysm formation.Upper abdominal cuts showed few hepatic focal lesions (metastases).


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Multiple enhancing variable-sized nodules are seen at the anatomical site of the spleen, the larger seen just lateral to the greater curvature of the stomach, the spleen is missing (history of splenectomy ); other numerous multiple omental and peritoneal enhancing nodules of varying sizes are also seen.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The GB wall is thickened and edematous with pericholecystic fluid. Dependent small dense calculi are noted resembling milk of calcium. Left rectus abdominis muscle shows focal thickening and subcutaneous linear stranding from previous laparoscopic intervention.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Large left frontotemporal extra-axial relatively hyperdense vividly enhancing mass. Associated vasogenic oedema and mass effect with sulcal effacement and 6 mm subfalcine herniation.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: A 180×140×160mm thick walled cystic lesion is present at liver without calcification or obvious enhancing solid component. Adjacent intrahepatic bile ducts are relatively dilated. A 47×33mm cystic lesion is also noted between the right liver lobe and abdominal wall. Degenerative changes as osteophytosis are seen at the lumbar spine.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Focal thickening of gastric wall noted, showing moderate inhomogeneous enhancement on post contrast study. No obvious breach in serosa noted. Fat planes with adjacent structures maintained.Four well defined hypodense lesions with central decreased attenuation noted in abdomen. Post contrast study shows moderate enhancement in arterial phase with central non-enhancing areas. Two of these lesions are seen abutting the lesser curvature of stomach on left side and inferior surface of liver superiorly and on right side. These lesions are seen to be supplied by right gastric artery. The other two lesions are noted along the inferior greater curvature of stomach, one of which shows speck of calcifications. These lesions are seen to be supplied by gastro-duodenal artery.Consider diagnosis of gastric neuroendocrine tumour with omental deposits.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Omental fat-containing supraumbilical anterior abdominal wall hernia. No bowel herniation is seen. A hypodense lesion (average density=18 HU) measuring 1.9 x 1.8 cm is seen at the upper pole of right kidney. A tiny speck of calcification is noted in it. Impression: Right renal hypodense lesion with a tiny speck of calcification; complex Bosniak cyst?  For further evaluation with contrast enhanced CT or renal ultrasound.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: CT study of the abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast shows a focal area of mesenteric infiltration (haziness and fat stranding) consistent with mesenteric hematoma, the distal small bowel shows segmental loss of the normal mural enhancement suggestive of bowel ischemia, moderate amount of pelvis-abdominal free fluid with minimal pneumoperitoneum. Hyperenhancing kidneys and slit-like IVC consistent with CT hypoperfusion complex.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: The gallbladder is distended showing a large radiodense stone within its neck, associated with diffuse mural thickening and enhancement. Mild pericholecystic fluid and fat plane smudging is also noted. This is impressive of "acute calculous cholecystitis"Hepatosplenomegaly.Widespread bone thickening and dense osteosclerosis showing the classical bone within a bone. Bilateral pathological fractures of the ribs, both femoral necks, right femoral shaft, L4, and L5 pars interarticularis.Erlenmeyer flask type deformity of both femora.


Question: <image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image><image>Given a series of medical images, describe the key abnormalities, including the anatomical regions involved, any unusual structures, densities, or masses, and suggest possible diagnoses based on these findings.

Response: Very severe deformity of the skull base and right face with expansile, irregular disorganized bone with chondriod matrix and low attenuation spaces. Low and lateral positioning of the right globe.