prompt stringlengths 41 511 | target stringlengths 1 25 | keyword stringclasses 697
values | full_sentence stringlengths 48 1.25k |
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5 is pre-trained end-to-end with a unified next-token prediction objective on a corpus of | vision-language | vision-language models | 5 is pre-trained end-to-end with a unified next-token prediction objective on a corpus of vision-language interleaved data containing over 10 trillion tokens primarily derived from sequential frames and transcripts of internet videos |
galaxy mergers trigger starburst activity and | galactic | star formation rates | galaxy mergers trigger starburst activity and galactic outflows that enrich the circumgalactic medium profoundly impacting galaxy evolution |
first-order gnns have difficulty in capturing | dynamic | correlation network | first-order gnns have difficulty in capturing dynamic non-pairwise relationships |
finally we present mbench a hierarchical benchmark designed for fine-grained evaluation across motion quality prompt fidelity and | generalization | video generation | finally we present mbench a hierarchical benchmark designed for fine-grained evaluation across motion quality prompt fidelity and generalization ability |
reinforcement learning rl is widely used to produce robust robotic manipulation policies but fine-tuning vision-language-action vla | models | vision-language models | reinforcement learning rl is widely used to produce robust robotic manipulation policies but fine-tuning vision-language-action vla models with rl can be unstable due to inaccurate value estimates and sparse supervision at intermediate steps |
the data readout and processing are performed | directly | sensor data | the data readout and processing are performed directly onboard and the results are used in a dynamic feedback to drive the motion of the vehicles |
furthermore this approach is generalizable beyond preference-based feedback to general types of | reward | reward models | furthermore this approach is generalizable beyond preference-based feedback to general types of reward signals and loss functions |
neyman targeted estimation includes riesz | representer | riesz representer | neyman targeted estimation includes riesz representer estimation and we measure discrepancies using the bregman divergence |
in this work we investigate whether large language models llms can translate human natural | language | vision-language models vlms | in this work we investigate whether large language models llms can translate human natural language instructions into the internal symbolic representations that emerge during hierarchical reinforcement learning |
our work extends the study of predator-prey | models | quantum mechanics | our work extends the study of predator-prey models to the quantum realm and advances quantum simulation stratagies that leverage engineered many-body nonequilibrium effects |
toward socially-aware llms a survey of multimodal approaches to human | behavior | llm reasoning | toward socially-aware llms a survey of multimodal approaches to human behavior understanding |
the system operates in discrete time with each arriving truck assigned a deadline of | t | time delays | the system operates in discrete time with each arriving truck assigned a deadline of t slot units |
to quantify this property we introduce representation size a | metric | abstract representations | to quantify this property we introduce representation size a metric linked to model robustness and representational redundancy |
the network is built to support a broad range of | space | optical communication | the network is built to support a broad range of space missions operating between leo and the moon using both conventional and advanced optical technologies developed at uwa |
with the advent of deep learning the llie technique has | achieved | deep learning | with the advent of deep learning the llie technique has achieved significant breakthroughs |
accurate channel state information csi is essential for reliable multiuser | mimo | channel state information | accurate channel state information csi is essential for reliable multiuser mimo operation |
we find the orbital-disordered phase in lamno _ 3 to comprise a mixture of differing | structural | electronic structure | we find the orbital-disordered phase in lamno _ 3 to comprise a mixture of differing structural distortions with and without inversion symmetry implying a mixture of different orbital arrangements |
our molecular dynamics simulations based on the trained mlips reproduce energies and forces across multiple phases enabling large scale | simulations | molecular dynamics | our molecular dynamics simulations based on the trained mlips reproduce energies and forces across multiple phases enabling large scale simulations that capture cubic tetragonal orthorhombic transitions lattice parameters and octahedral tilting with unprecedented resolution |
this body of theory can accommodate a range of social dilemmas or games as well as real-world complexities such as spatial | structure | collective systems | this body of theory can accommodate a range of social dilemmas or games as well as real-world complexities such as spatial structure or behaviors conditioned on reputations |
we deliver a tutorial on rl covering fundamental concepts and key algorithmic families including value-based policy-based and | actor-critic | artificial intelligence | we deliver a tutorial on rl covering fundamental concepts and key algorithmic families including value-based policy-based and actor-critic methods |
a distractor on the right was as effective as a | distractor | working memory | a distractor on the right was as effective as a distractor at the front in reducing the upper limit despite the importance of resolving front-back confusions |
remarkably however we show that if the system is stabilizable then using this as prior knowledge leads to necessary and sufficient conditions that are weaker than those for data-driven stabilization without | prior | prior knowledge | remarkably however we show that if the system is stabilizable then using this as prior knowledge leads to necessary and sufficient conditions that are weaker than those for data-driven stabilization without prior knowledge |
in many problems involving causal effects or | structural | causal inference | in many problems involving causal effects or structural models the parameters of interest depend on regression functions |
with microprojectile impact tests across varied geometries and scales validated by targeted macroscale experiments we examine the interplay of two dominant momentum transfer | pathways | force microscopy | with microprojectile impact tests across varied geometries and scales validated by targeted macroscale experiments we examine the interplay of two dominant momentum transfer pathways material cohesion and target inertia supported by conclusive evidence from post-perforation microscopy |
in this work we propose a principled framework that adjusts data representations to balance | predictive | debiased machine learning | in this work we propose a principled framework that adjusts data representations to balance predictive utility and fairness |
the infection propagates with independent random | time | adaptive immune | the infection propagates with independent random time increments i |
in many problems involving causal effects or | structural | causal effects | in many problems involving causal effects or structural models the parameters of interest depend on regression functions |
here we present an information-theoretic framework to identify the most important | correlations | functional connectivity | here we present an information-theoretic framework to identify the most important correlations which provide the most accurate predictions of neural states |
the impact of different multilingual data mixtures in pretraining large language models llms has been a topic of ongoing debate often raising concerns about potential | trade-offs | large language | the impact of different multilingual data mixtures in pretraining large language models llms has been a topic of ongoing debate often raising concerns about potential trade-offs between language coverage and model performance i |
multimodal large language models mllms have demonstrated | extraordinary | large language models | multimodal large language models mllms have demonstrated extraordinary progress in bridging textual and visual inputs |
our work has implications for developing nlp tools for minority | languages | natural language | our work has implications for developing nlp tools for minority languages and supporting language preservation in communities under lexical pressure from dominant languages |
we propose digitized counterdiabatic quantum sampling dcqs a hybrid quantum-classical | algorithm | quantum walk | we propose digitized counterdiabatic quantum sampling dcqs a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for efficient sampling from energy-based models such as low-temperature boltzmann distributions |
the latter result is shown through the close coupling between tracers of wind kinematics and the ionising flux -- which holds for both radio loud and radio quiet sources despite differences between their emission | line | emission line | the latter result is shown through the close coupling between tracers of wind kinematics and the ionising flux -- which holds for both radio loud and radio quiet sources despite differences between their emission line properties -- and is hinted at by a different baldwin effect in the two populations |
2 we design an algorithm that gathers all of them in | poly | mathrm polylog | 2 we design an algorithm that gathers all of them in poly n log lambda time where n resp |
when the resulting posteriors are used as domain distributions for sim-based policy | learning | learning agents | when the resulting posteriors are used as domain distributions for sim-based policy learning they lead to more robust object-centric agent performance |
policy learning algorithms are widely used in areas such as personalized medicine and advertising to | develop | machine learning | policy learning algorithms are widely used in areas such as personalized medicine and advertising to develop individualized treatment regimes |
enhancing the reachability of variational quantum | algorithms | quantum networks | enhancing the reachability of variational quantum algorithms via input-state design |
certification and classification of linear quantum | error | quantum channels | certification and classification of linear quantum error mitigation methods |
we show that while o vi emission primarily originates in inflowing gas turning off outflows in a simulation without star formation feedback eliminates most of the | o | vi emission | we show that while o vi emission primarily originates in inflowing gas turning off outflows in a simulation without star formation feedback eliminates most of the o vi emission |
grounded in reality learning and deploying | proactive | llm agents | grounded in reality learning and deploying proactive llm from offline logs |
our results establish ccdmr as a new technique for solid-state spin qubit | readout | qubit readout | our results establish ccdmr as a new technique for solid-state spin qubit readout combining attaractive features of electrical detection with the stability of long-lived charge traps in wide-bandgap materials |
additionally the refined annotation guidelines increase agreement among different | llm | llm responses | additionally the refined annotation guidelines increase agreement among different llm models |
semantic representations emerge in biologically inspired ensembles of | cross-supervising | abstract representations | semantic representations emerge in biologically inspired ensembles of cross-supervising neural networks |
for these objects we obtain complementary optical light curves from pan-starrs1 ps1 and the zwicky transient facility ztf and w1-band light | curves | surface brightness | for these objects we obtain complementary optical light curves from pan-starrs1 ps1 and the zwicky transient facility ztf and w1-band light curves from the wide-field infrared survey explorer wise |
this paper investigates whether pretrained language models including large language models possess similar | capabilities | large language | this paper investigates whether pretrained language models including large language models possess similar capabilities for loanword identification |
our witnesses can detect paradigmatic gme states like the dicke and multipartite n00n states which include the w | states | quantum channels | our witnesses can detect paradigmatic gme states like the dicke and multipartite n00n states which include the w states as a special case and ghz-type entangled cat states |
we highlight advances enabling resource-efficient | training | image generation | we highlight advances enabling resource-efficient training and rendering the evolution toward dynamic or four-dimensional 4dgs representations and deeper exploration of the mathematical foundations underlying its appearance modeling and rendering process |
we show that all three reference frames give consistent | pm | reference frame | we show that all three reference frames give consistent pm results |
for each task we establish a complete dichotomy for self-join-free | cqs | query time | for each task we establish a complete dichotomy for self-join-free cqs precisely identifying the cases that are solvable in near-ideal time i |
the data collection process emphasizes ecological validity through an | application-grounded | data collection | the data collection process emphasizes ecological validity through an application-grounded testbed called ptah |
consistent with this view we show that this u-shaped performance curve emerges when llms gpt-2 and llama variants are trained from scratch on two simple human memory paradigms simulating long-term and | short-term | memory demand | consistent with this view we show that this u-shaped performance curve emerges when llms gpt-2 and llama variants are trained from scratch on two simple human memory paradigms simulating long-term and short-term memory demands |
larger holes as narrower degree distributions in | complex | degree distributions | larger holes as narrower degree distributions in complex networks |
it is critical to develop a scientific understanding of these impacts to inform | evidence-based | findings highlight | it is critical to develop a scientific understanding of these impacts to inform evidence-based technology policy that minimizes harm and maximizes benefits |
this flexibility enables detailed studies of orbitaland pseudo spin characteristics in | quantum | electronic structure | this flexibility enables detailed studies of orbitaland pseudo spin characteristics in quantum materials |
yet conventional pilot-based estimators incur prohibitive | overhead | channel estimation | yet conventional pilot-based estimators incur prohibitive overhead as antenna counts grow |
scmd a kernel-based distance for structural | causal | causal inference | scmd a kernel-based distance for structural causal models to quantify transferability across environments |
02 in the estimation accuracy of arrival rate and | queue | reliable estimation | 02 in the estimation accuracy of arrival rate and queue length respectively |
industrial control systems ics form the operational backbone of critical infrastructure networks cin such as | power | power systems | industrial control systems ics form the operational backbone of critical infrastructure networks cin such as power grids water supply systems and gas pipelines |
the end of manual decoding towards truly end-to-end | language | language models | the end of manual decoding towards truly end-to-end language models |
we demonstrate that an approximate version of this technique -- where analytically designed | laser | pulsed laser | we demonstrate that an approximate version of this technique -- where analytically designed laser pulses with composite envelopes are replaced by simple gaussian pulses -- achieves comparable performance in controlling the dynamics of the wave packet |
first the attainable set for each agent with fuel budget | constraints | optimal control | first the attainable set for each agent with fuel budget constraints is characterized and its boundary equations are derived |
the proof holds for any of the presented decision-making methods and relies on a descent condition that is less restrictive than those in | prior | prior knowledge | the proof holds for any of the presented decision-making methods and relies on a descent condition that is less restrictive than those in prior literature |
we conducted manual expert evaluation of observed groups produced new manual annotations for relevant events pertaining to group behavior and extracted metrics relevant | group | group size | we conducted manual expert evaluation of observed groups produced new manual annotations for relevant events pertaining to group behavior and extracted metrics relevant group formation |
we positively answer through the study of the supervised learning of a | multi-layer | deep learning | we positively answer through the study of the supervised learning of a multi-layer perceptron |
the global encoder captures global semantic features from the entire image while the local | encoder | encoder network | the global encoder captures global semantic features from the entire image while the local encoder focuses on features from the prior network |
the impact of navigation aids on search performance and object | recall | object recall | the impact of navigation aids on search performance and object recall in wide-area augmented reality |
the value of the basic reproduction number r_0 depends on the attractiveness of traps adjusted relative to infected individuals the dependence on the relative | attractiveness | reproduction number | the value of the basic reproduction number r_0 depends on the attractiveness of traps adjusted relative to infected individuals the dependence on the relative attractiveness of susceptibles is non-monotone suggesting that there exists an optimal mosquito preference that maximizes disease transmission |
further analysis reveals that asymmetric nonlinear parameters and environment | feedback | control strategies | further analysis reveals that asymmetric nonlinear parameters and environment feedback rates exert significant regulatory effects on cooperation levels and system dynamics |
large language models llms are increasingly | used | large language models llms | large language models llms are increasingly used as raters for evaluation tasks |
a key manifestation is temporal reflection in an unbounded spatial domain where a sudden temporal discontinuity induces phase-conjugated backward waves alongside anomalous | spin | phase transitions | a key manifestation is temporal reflection in an unbounded spatial domain where a sudden temporal discontinuity induces phase-conjugated backward waves alongside anomalous spin conversion |
human feedback is critical for aligning ai | systems | artificial intelligence | human feedback is critical for aligning ai systems to human values |
consequently prema poses a novel threat to the integrity of multi-modal | diffusion | diffusion models | consequently prema poses a novel threat to the integrity of multi-modal diffusion models particularly in image-editing applications that operate with fixed prompts |
offline clustering of preference learning with | active-data | preference optimization | offline clustering of preference learning with active-data augmentation |
we implement our algorithm and show that it outperforms a state-of-the-art commercial mixed-integer second-order cone | programming | efficiently solving | we implement our algorithm and show that it outperforms a state-of-the-art commercial mixed-integer second-order cone programming misocp solver by orders of magnitude over a large range of problem sizes |
we present three main contributions that advance the theory of compressed indexing for 2d strings 1 we design the first data structure that supports optimal-time random access to a 2d string | compressed | compressed indexing | we present three main contributions that advance the theory of compressed indexing for 2d strings 1 we design the first data structure that supports optimal-time random access to a 2d string compressed by a 2d grammar |
this algorithm is deterministic and does not need to know the metric space or | m | -time algorithm | this algorithm is deterministic and does not need to know the metric space or m in advance |
the structure of relation decoding linear operators in large | language | large language models llms | the structure of relation decoding linear operators in large language models |
the framework comprises two principal components i an augmented-state model with an auxiliary budget state that tracks soft-constraint violations and ii a regularization-based approximation of the discontinuous hamilton-jacobi value function | associated | optimal control | the framework comprises two principal components i an augmented-state model with an auxiliary budget state that tracks soft-constraint violations and ii a regularization-based approximation of the discontinuous hamilton-jacobi value function associated with the reach-avoid differential game studied herein |
these findings suggest that geometry and tuning encode brain-region- or model-family-specific signatures while linearly decodable information tends to be more globally shared across | regions | human cognition | these findings suggest that geometry and tuning encode brain-region- or model-family-specific signatures while linearly decodable information tends to be more globally shared across regions or models |
microresonators are essential in integrated | photonics | photonic devices | microresonators are essential in integrated photonics enabling optical filters modulators sensors and frequency converters |
together these findings suggest that while navigational aids presented in | ar | mobile ar | together these findings suggest that while navigational aids presented in ar can enhance search task performance users may pay less attention to the physical environment which could have undesirable side-effects |
we describe the mechanism for the reset process as well as the boundaries for the optimal reset region in the | qubit | qubit readout | we describe the mechanism for the reset process as well as the boundaries for the optimal reset region in the qubit gate voltage space |
using the ray tracing method we sample the posterior distributions of | neural | neural network | using the ray tracing method we sample the posterior distributions of neural network outputs for a variety of different architectures up to the 1 |
as in our previous study we compare outcomes from three group classes defined by the number of brightest | group | dark matter | as in our previous study we compare outcomes from three group classes defined by the number of brightest group galaxies bggs present at the end of the simulations |
leveraging a recently proposed vision-based low-resource dl framework we develop a novel lightweight | convolutional | convolutional neural | leveraging a recently proposed vision-based low-resource dl framework we develop a novel lightweight convolutional neural network cnn -based model designed to predict coastal flooding under variable slr projections and shoreline adaptation scenarios |
human feedback is critical for aligning ai | systems | ai assistance | human feedback is critical for aligning ai systems to human values |
we also demonstrate that the inter-layer magnetic | coupling | magnetic anisotropy | we also demonstrate that the inter-layer magnetic coupling in these materials can be tuned by strain enabling the switching between the ahe and the axionic states |
cramér-rao bound optimization for movable antenna-empowered integrated sensing and uplink | communication | channel estimation | cramér-rao bound optimization for movable antenna-empowered integrated sensing and uplink communication system |
our findings reveal that although llms demonstrate some ability to translate natural | language | large language | our findings reveal that although llms demonstrate some ability to translate natural language into a symbolic representation of the environment dynamics their performance is highly sensitive to partition granularity and task complexity |
to guide the image reconstruction bit predicts two complementary localized patch-level image features i high-level semantic features which steer the diffusion model toward the correct semantic content of the | image | receptive fields | to guide the image reconstruction bit predicts two complementary localized patch-level image features i high-level semantic features which steer the diffusion model toward the correct semantic content of the image and ii low-level structural features which help to initialize the diffusion process with the correct coarse layout of the image |
we present results from crocodile-dwarf a suite of cosmological zoom-in hydrodynamic simulations of isolated field dwarf galaxies with halo | masses | dwarf galaxies | we present results from crocodile-dwarf a suite of cosmological zoom-in hydrodynamic simulations of isolated field dwarf galaxies with halo masses of sim10 10 m_ odot at z 0 performed with the textsc gadget4-osaka code |
while recent approaches like eagle-2 and eagle-3 improve speculative | decoding | speculative decoding | while recent approaches like eagle-2 and eagle-3 improve speculative decoding using dynamic tree structures they often neglect the impact of crucial system variables such as gpu devices and batch sizes |
physical computing seeks to encode inputs into a mechanical | computing | physical computing | physical computing seeks to encode inputs into a mechanical computing kernel and leverage the internal interactions among this kernel s constituent elements to compute the output |
to this end we introduce a new dataset covering a wide range of formal patterns of | reasoning | reasoning curriculum | to this end we introduce a new dataset covering a wide range of formal patterns of reasoning in both normative and epistemic domains while also incorporating non-formal cognitive factors that influence human reasoning |
towards neurocognitive-inspired intelligence from | ai | artificial intelligence | towards neurocognitive-inspired intelligence from ai s structural mimicry to human-like functional cognition |
in addition our minimal data-driven model also | predicts | scaling relations | in addition our minimal data-driven model also predicts smbh scaling relations consistent in slope and normalisation with those observed and an m_ rm bh - m_ star relation weakly evolving with redshift |
do railway commuters exhibit consistent route | choice | route choice | do railway commuters exhibit consistent route choice rationality across different contexts and time |
evontree ontology rule-guided self-evolution of large | language | large language | evontree ontology rule-guided self-evolution of large language models |
we show that 1 this isolated reasoning embedding exhibits unique predictive power accounting for variance in neural activity not explained by other linguistic features and even extending to the recruitment of visual regions beyond classical | language | neural representations | we show that 1 this isolated reasoning embedding exhibits unique predictive power accounting for variance in neural activity not explained by other linguistic features and even extending to the recruitment of visual regions beyond classical language areas |
combining moving mass actuators and manoeuvring models for | underwater | moving mass | combining moving mass actuators and manoeuvring models for underwater vehicles a lagrangian approach |
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