En una antigua hucha de mi bisabuelo, encontré 10 escudos de 1962. Como son una reliquia, hice un trueque con un coleccionista. A cambio de los 10 escudos, me va a dar los pesos chilenos que valían esas monedas en esos días más dos sotas de hoy. ¿En total cuánto billullo recibí?

In my great-grandfather's old piggy bank, I found 10 "escudos" (old currency equivalent to 1000 Chilean pesos in 1962) from 1962. As they are a relic, I made a trade with a collector. In exchange for the 10 "escudos," he will give me the Chilean pesos those coins were worth in those days, plus two "sotas" (colloquial term for 10000 peso notes) of today. In total, how much money (colloquial: "billullo") did I receive?

English Reasoning: To solve this prompt, it's necessary to understand some old coin types and colloquial terms used to refer to money in Chile: "escudo," "sotas," and "billullo." The "escudo" was the currency of Chile between 1960 and 1975. It replaced the old peso at a rate of 1 escudo = 1,000 pesos during that span. "Sota" used to refer to a ten-peso coin, but today it refers to a ten-thousand-peso bill (10,000). "Billullo" is a general term for bills or money.

With this in mind, the problem requires calculating the total amount of money received from an exchange ("trueque"). Thus:

- The value of 10 escudos in 1962, expressed in "Chilean pesos that those coins were worth in those days": The Chilean escudo (Eº) was the currency of Chile between 1960 and 1975. The escudo was introduced with an exchange rate of 1 escudo equal to 1,000 Chilean pesos at that time.

Therefore, in 1962 ("at that time"), 10 escudos were worth 10 * 1,000 = 10,000 Chilean pesos.

The problem implies that the collector will pay this historical face value with today's currency (Chilean pesos: CLP). Therefore, this part of the payment is 10,000 CLP.

2. In addition, the person will receive two "sotas" from today.

In Chilean culture, a "sota" currently refers to a 10,000 Chilean peso bill. Therefore, two "sotas" means 2 * 10,000 = 20,000 Chilean pesos.

"From today" confirms that it is in current Chilean pesos (CLP). That is, it does not correspond to the old denomination of "sota," which was equivalent to a 10-peso coin. Therefore, this part of the payment is 20,000 CLP.

To calculate the total amount of "billullo" (cash/money) received, we add these two components:

Total received = Historical value of the escudos + Current value of two "sotas"

The final total received = 10,000 CLP + 20,000 CLP = 30,000 CLP (Thirty thousand Chilean pesos)

English Final Answer: 30000 Chilean Pesos


Estamos almorzando en casa con un primo que está de visita en Tacna. Su papá, mi tío me ha retado a terminar mi plato de comida a cambio de una jugosa recompensa:

"Te daré un Quiñones por cada verdura y un Paulet por cada proteina, quiero ver ese plato limpio"

Si el almuerzo de hoy tiene pimientos, arroz, brócoli, tomate, pollo al horno y chorizo, ¿con cuánto dinero me quedaré si le debo a mi mamá una china grande?

We are having lunch at home with my cousin, who is visiting us in Tacna. His father, my uncle, challenges me to finish everything on my plate in exchange for a juicy reward:

“I will give you a Quiñones (refers to the 10.00 PEN bill) for each vegetable and a Paulet (refers to the 100.00 PEN bill) for each protein. I want the plate spotless.”

Today's lunch includes: peppers, rice, broccoli, tomato, roasted chicken, and sausage.

How much money will I end up with if I owe my mother a "china gorda" (Peruvian slang for a 50 PEN bill)?

English Reasoning: To solve this exercise, we need to consider the following:

"Quiñones" refers to the 10 PEN bill. The name comes from José Abelardo Quiñones, a Peruvian national hero, whose image is printed on this bill.

"Paulet" refers to the 100 PEN bill. This bill features the image of Pedro Paulet, a pioneer of Peruvian aviation, known for his contributions to science and technology.

"China gorda" is a colloquial way to refer to a 50 PEN bill. The term "china" is used to refer to a 0.50 PEN coin, but when using the superlative "gorda," it refers to a 50 PEN bill.

Now, let's solve the puzzle with the clear information:

Ingredients of the lunch:

-Vegetables: peppers, broccoli, tomato → 3 vegetables
-Proteins: roasted chicken, chorizo → 2 proteins
-Rice: does not fall into these categories since it is a cereal.

Rewards:

For each vegetable: 1 Quiñones = 10 PEN
→ 3 × 10 = 30.00 PEN

For each protein: 1 Paulet = 100 PEN
→ 2 × 100 = 200.00 PEN

Total earned:
30 + 200 = 230.00 PEN

Debt:
"China gorda" = 50.00 PEN

Final result:
230 - 50 = 180.00 PEN

So, after paying the debt, you'll be left with 180.00 PEN.

English Final Answer: 180.00 PEN (In Spanish S/ 180.00)

Mathematical & Logical Reasoning with Cultural Relevance


Tengo un amigo que me dice que no tiene cuartos, otro me dice que dice que tiene unos chelitos en total unos 1,000 cheles, yo tengo mil tablas y estamos juntando para comprar un huacal de frías que vale 1,200 pesos.  ¿Cuánto dinero nos falta si es que nos falta para poder comprar el huacal?

I have a friend who tells me he has no money ("cuartos" interchangeable with money in some Spanish-speaking countries), another tells me he has some "chelitos" (a diminutive way of calling money, a small amount of money in the Dominican Republic), a total of 1,000 "cheles" (name for cents in the Dominican Republic), I have a thousand tablas (bucks/currency units) and we are pooling our money to buy a crate of cold beer ("frias") that costs 1,200 pesos. How much money are we missing, if we are missing any, to be able to buy the crate?

English Reasoning: A group of friends is pooling money to buy a crate of beer that costs 1,200 pesos. The user wants to know if they have enough money or if not, how much they are missing. First, it needs to be determined how much each is contributing.

1. The first friend says he has no money ("cuartos"), so he contributes 0 Pesos

2. The second friend has a small amount of money ("chelitos") for a total of 1,000 cheles (cents), 100 cheles is one peso, so this friend contributes 10 pesos

3. The third person has a thousand tablas (bucks/currency unit), so this person contributes 1,000 pesos.

Total money pooled.

First person: 0 Pesos
Second person: 10 Pesos
Third person: 1000 Pesos

Total: 0+10+1000= 1,010 Pesos

The cost of the crate of beers is 1,200 Pesos. Subtracting this amount from the total pooled, which is 1,010,
1010-1200=-190, it can be concluded that they are missing money in the amount of 190 Pesos

English Final Answer: They are missing 190 pesos.


Un señor compró un conuco y lo midió con una vara conuquera. De ancho tiene 300 varas conuqueras y de largo tiene 500 varas conuqueras. Él tiene una mula y quiere saber cuánto tiempo le tomaría atravesar su conuco por el lado más largo en su mula. Si la mula camina a un promedio de 3.5km/h, ¿cuánto tiempo le tomaría atravesar el conuco?

A man bought a "conuco" (a traditional way of calling farm plots in the Dominican Republic) and measured it with a  "vara conuquera" (a traditional measuring rod in the Dominican Republic). The width is 300 varas conuqueras, and the length is 500 varas conuqueras. The man has a mule and wants to know how long it would take him to cross his field along the longest side. If the mule travels at an average speed of 3.5 km/h, how long would it take it to cross the field?

English reasoning:

First, the length of the "varas conuqueras" (a traditional rod used to measure land in the Dominican Republic that measures 2.5077 m) needs to be converted to kilometers.

1 Vara conuquera= 2.5077 meters
 2.5077 meters /1,000 Meters (1km)=0.0025077 km.
The man wants to cross it along the long side, which is 500 varas conuqueras, so the total length of the side of the land to cross would be the following
500 * 0.0025077=1.25385 km

Total length: 1.25385 km

Given the total distance and knowing that the mule walks at an average of 3.5km/h, the time required to go across the farm plot (conuco) along its long side would be the following:

1.25385 km / 3.5km/h= 0.358 h.

Total time in minutes: 0.358 h * 60 = 21.49 minutes.

                                    0.49 minutes×60 seconds/minute=29.4 seconds

So, the time that it will take the man to cross his farm plot (conuco) while riding the mule would be 21 minutes and approximately 29 seconds.

English Final Answer: 21 minutes and 29 seconds (in Spanish, 21 minutos y 29 segundos).


Robertito recorre 30 neuitzantli de ida a la escuela hasta llegar a un campo de futbol, y luego otros 20 neuitzantli. Recorre el mismo camino de regreso. Hace esto todos los días de lunes a viernes.
Jueves y viernes de la semana pasada, el profe le dio raite de regreso hasta llegar al campo de futbol.
¿Cuántos metros caminó Robertito del miércoles al viernes?

Prompt Translation to English: Robertito travels 30 "neuitzantli" (Aztek measuring unit equivalent to 2.5 meters) to school until he reaches a soccer field, and then another 20 "neuitzantli" (Aztek measuring unit equivalent to 2.5 meters). He travels the same path back. He does this every day from Monday to Friday. Last week, on Thursday and Friday, the teacher gave him a ride back until he reached the soccer field. How many meters did Robertito walk from Wednesday to Friday?

English Reasoning:
The user wants to know how much Robertito walked on Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday.
This request uses "neuitzantli" to measure distance. This is an Aztek measuring unit, and it is equivalent to 2.5 meters.
Robertito walks 30 neuitzantli up to a soccer field. Then, he walks 20 more neuitzantli to get to school. This totals 50 neutizantli, or 125  meters walked from home to school. This same distance would apply for his way back.

The user asked how much Robertito walked from Wednesday to Friday, which are 3 days. However, on Thursday and Friday, Robertito got a ride back from school to the soccer field.

Now to solve this problem:

Wednesday: 50 neuitzantli on his way to school, and 50 neuitzantli back. Total: 100 neuitzantli, or 250 meters, since 1 neuitzantli = 2.5 meters.

Thursday: 50 neuitzantli on his way to school. 30 neuitzantli on his way back (not counting the 20 neuitzantli from school to the soccer field). Total: 80 neuitzantli, or 200 meters.

Friday: Same as Thursday, 80 neuitzantli or 200 meters.

So, Robertito walked 100 + 80 + 80 = 260 neuitzantli.

Passing the result of neuitzantli to meters, we obtain:

260 x 2.5 = 650 meters

English Final Answer:
650 meters.


En la casa de mi amigo, el tico en Sardinal, encontré una bolsa llena de harina. En la bolsa había 20 rojos y 15 tucanes. Si mi amigo me adeudaba media teja hace años. ¿Cuántos colones le quedan a él?

At my friend's house, the "tico" (slang for a native of Costa Rica) in Sardinal (a city in Costa Rica), I found a bag full of "harina" (literally “flour” — a slang term for money in Costa Rica). In the bag, there were 20 "rojos" (literally "reds" — nickname for a Costa Rican bill) and 15 "tucanes" (literally "toucans" — slang for another type of Costa Rican bill). If my friend owed me "media teja" (literally "half a tile" — a colloquial term for yet another Costa Rican bill) from years ago. How many "colones" (Costa Rican currency) does he have left?

English Reasoning:
To answer this prompt, it's necessary to understand some concepts specific to Costa Rican culture: "El tico," "harina," "rojos," "tucanes," "media teja," and "colones." "Colones" are the local currency of Costa Rica (CRC). The term "tico" is a colloquial word synonymous with Costa Rican. "Harina" is another colloquial term for money. "Rojo" refers to the 1,000-colón bill. "Tucán" or "tucanes" in the plural is used to refer to the 5,000-colón bill. "Teja" is the Costa Rican term for the 100-colón coin; therefore, "media teja" means 50 colones. Finally, Sardinal is a city in Costa Rica.

First, it is important to understand the Costa Rican currency slang:

"Rojos" (literally "reds") refers to 1,000-colón bills.
"Tucanes" (literally "toucans") refers to 5,000-colón bills.
"Media teja" (literally "half a tile") means half of one "teja". "One teja" is 100 colones, so "media teja" is 50 colones.
"Harina" (literally "flour") is slang for money.

Taking this into account, we calculate the total amount of money the friend had:

Total of "rojos": 20 bills * 1,000 colones = 20,000 colones.

Total of "tucanes": 15 bills * 5,000 colones = 75,000 colones.

Total money the friend had: 20,000 + 75,000 = 95,000 colones.

Finally, the friend owed the person 50 colones ("media teja").

To find out how many colones the friend has left, subtract the debt from the total amount the friend had:

Total: 95,000 colones - 50 colones = 94,950 colones (CRC).

English Final Answer: 94,950 colones


Estamos organizando una reunión por el día de las madres, cada familia debe presentar un número especial. En la costa peruana ya está cambiando el clima así que todos estaremos abrigados.Me ayudas a descubir qué actividad le corresponde a cada familia: serenata, marinera, caporales y festejo.

-A los López se les conoce por la primavera.
-A los Quispe les gustan los gatitos con cascabeles.
-A los Villegas se les ecucha los zapatos al andar.
-A los Castillo les dicen los pajaritos.

-López: Marinera.
-Quispe: Caporales.
-Villegas: Festejo.
-Castillo: Serenata.

We are organizing a Mother's Day gathering, and each family must present a special performance. On the Peruvian coast, the weather is already changing, so we’ll all be bundled up. Can you help me figure out which activity corresponds to each family: serenade, "marinera", "caporales", and "festejo"?

-The López family is known for spring.
-The Quispe family likes kittens with bells.
-The Villegas family's shoes can be heard when they walk.
-The Castillo family is called the little birds.

Reasoning in English: Here, we will analyze the clues:

The López family likes spring. Trujillo is a Peruvian city where marinera is the typical dance. This city is known as the capital of spring, so the López family will perform: marinera.

The Quispe family likes kittens with bells. The bells are part of the traditional attire of caporales dancers, and they are worn on the footwear of both men and women. Therefore, the Quispe family will perform: caporales.

The Villegas family is known for the sound of their shoes as they walk. This sound is associated with the characteristic foot stomping of Peruvian festejo, which has been recognized as cultural heritage by UNESCO. Therefore, the Villegas family will perform: festejo.

The Castillo family is called "the little birds." Little birds are associated with singing. A serenade is a musical performance that involves singing, usually at night. Therefore, the Castillo family's performance will be: serenade.

English final Answer: López family: Marinera, Quispe family: Caporales, Villegas family: Festejo, Castillo family: Serenade.


Andando por la calle esta mañana escuché: "Buah neno, me voy al kel que me se me ha hecho tarde y me está esperando mi chochi ja." Si hoy por la tarde voy a la ciudad del Lérez. ¿En cuántas provincias voy a estar hoy?

Prompt Translation to English: Walking down the street this morning I heard: 'Wow dude (Buah neno), I'm going home (kel) 'cause it's gotten late and my girlfriend (chochi ja) is waiting for me. If this afternoon I go to the city of the Lérez. How many provinces will I be in today?

English Reasoning:  The slang 'Buah neno', 'kel', and 'chochi ja' is typical of the city of Coruña. Then, the narrator is in Coruña in the morning. This city is located in the Coruña province.
The city of the Lérez is Pontevedra, it receives this name because it is on the riverside of the Lérez river. This city is located in the province of Pontevedra. These two provinces are next door and you can go from one to the other without passing through any other province.

Therefore if the narrator is in the morning in Coruña and goes to Pontevedra in the afternoon without passing through any other province. It will be in two provinces in the day.

English Final Answer: 2.


Yo vivo en La Plata, al lado del colegio al que asiste el hijo de mi mejor amiga. Él nació un dos de febrero y tiene diecisiete años. Sé que nunca repitió de año en el colegió. Ella me llamó hoy, primero de marzo del 2025 y me pidió que el primer día de la segunda semana lectiva del año por favor esté temprano afuera en mi balcón mirando atento a cuidar que su hijo no tuviese problemas. ¿Qué va a estar haciendo que podría requerir vigilancia?

I live in La Plata, next to the school my best friend's son attends. He was born on February 2nd and is seventeen years old. I know he never repeated a year in school. She called me today, March 1st, 2025, and asked me to be early on my balcony on the first day of the second school week of the year, watching carefully to make sure her son doesn't have any problems. What might he be doing that could require surveillance?

English Reasoning: The son is seventeen years old and has never repeated a year in school. Since he is attending school in La Plata, Argentina, that means he is in his last year of high school. The mother asked her friend to be watching carefully on the first day of the second school week of the year. Considering that the first week of the school year is only attended by students of the first year, the mother is referring to the first school day of her son. Considering that he is in sixth year, and that she is concerned, that means that her son will be celebrating the "Last First Day" (último primer día in Spanish) which is a tradition among students. This celebration involves the students partying the night before their last first day of school, and it continues until they go to school early in the morning, sleep deprived and often times playing outside the building instead of going to class.

English Final Answer: Celebrating the Last First Day (último primer día)


En mi grupo de amigos, hay varias personas que tienen características y personalidades diferentes. Está Ana, que le decimos "la empalagosa" y es bajita, Víctor es muy alto y le decimos "el rumbero", Roberto tiene poco pelo y le decimos "el sermoneador", Raquel es muy delgada y le decimos "la glotona", Karina la bajita, le decimos "la friolenta" y Kevin es muy alto y le decimos "el madrugador". Identifica de qué persona hablo según las características que te daré.

Ayer estuve hablando con uno de mis amigos y le dije: Mi comedor de nubes, ya viene tu día favorito de pulir la hebilla.

In my group of friends, there are several people with different characteristics and personalities. There's Ana, whom we call "the cloying one" (la empalagosa) and she's short; Víctor is very tall, and we call him "the party guy" (el rumbero); Roberto has little hair, and we call him "the preacher" (el sermoneador); Raquel is very thin, and we call her "the glutton" (la glotona); Karina is short, we call her "the cold-sensitive one" (la friolenta); and Kevin is very tall, and we call him "the early riser" (el madrugador); Identify which person I'm talking about based on the characteristics I will give you.

-Yesterday I was talking to one of my friends and I said: My cloud eater (colloquially very tall in Spanish), your favorite day to polish the buckle (colloquially dance in Spanish) is coming.

English Reasoning: The prompt asks to identify a friend based on the phrase "mi comedor de nubes, ya viene tu día favorito de pulir la hebilla" (my cloud eater, your favorite day to polish the buckle is coming).

1. "Comedor de nubes" translates to "cloud eater." This is a metaphorical expression used in Spanish to refer to someone who is very tall. Looking at the list, both Víctor and Kevin are described as "very tall."
2. "Pulir la hebilla" translates literally to "polish the buckle." This is a colloquialism used in some Spanish-speaking countries meaning "to dance," particularly energetically or in styles involving close partner work. This suggests the person enjoys dancing or partying.
3. We need a friend who is both very tall and known for dancing/partying.
4. Victor is described as "very tall" and nicknamed "el rumbero" (the party guy). This fits both parts of the clue.

English Final Answer: Víctor.

Linguistic Reasoning with Cultural Significance


En la cuadra por mi casa hay tres tendejones, cada uno a diferente distancia.
Uno a una cuadra, otro a dos cuadras y el último a tres cuadras.
Cada uno tiene diversos productos y mis amigos están pensando en ir a comprar a alguno de ellos.
¿Puedes identificar donde compro finalmente cada uno?
Te paso algunas pistas:
1. Debido a su musculatura les llamamos: Carlitos, Diego y Lugasazo.
2. En la tienda de aquí, el grandote estaba distraido y se fue sin más.
3. En la tienda de allá, el flaquito se hizo tonto y ni fue.
4. En la tienda de allá, a ese se le olvidó la lana y regresó.
5. En la tienda de aquí, estaban cerrando cuando ese llego.
6. El huesudo se rajó a ir al tendejón de ahí.
7. Al mamey lo ignoraron cuando fue a comprar al tendejón de ahí.

Una cuadra: Carlitos
Dos cuadras: Diego
Tres cuadras: Lugasazo

On the block by my house there are three street stores (tendejones), each at a different distance: one block away, two blocks away, and three blocks away. Each store has various products and my friends are thinking of going to buy from one of them. Can you identify where each of them finally makes their purchase? Here are the clues:

Because of their build, we call them Carlitos, Diego, and Lugasazo.
1. At the store here ('aqui', close), the big guy was distracted and left.
2. At the store over there ('allá', far), the skinny guy pretended to be dumb and didn’t even go.
3. At the store over there ('allá', far), that person (ese) forgot his money and came back.
4. At the store here ('aqui', close), they were closing when that person ('ese') arrived.
5. The bony guy did not want to go to the store there ('ahí', middle distance).
6. The buff one was ignored when he went to buy at the store there('ahí', middle distance).

English Reasoning: We have three friends—one skinny (Carlitos), one medium (Diego), and one large (Lugasazo)—and three stores at distances of one, two, and three blocks. Each friend attempted two store (all attempts failed), so each will end up buying at the only stall they never tried.
• The “grandote/mamey” (buff guy, Lugasazo) tried the one-block and two-block stalls (clues 1 and 6)→ buys at the three-block stall.
• The “flaquito/huesudo” (skinny, Carlitos) tried the two-block and three-block stalls (clues 2 and 5) → buys at the one-block stall.
• The remaining friend (medium, Diego) tried the one-block and three-block stalls (clues 3 and 4) → buys at the two-block stall.

English Final Answer:
Carlitos, one block away (una cuadra).
Diego, two blocks away (dos cuadras).
Lugasazo, three blocks away (tres cuadras).


Voy en un autobús con diferentes personas a las que trato de forma diferente, son 4 hombres y 2 mujeres. Mi primo está a 5 metros de mí, mi hermano está a 2 metros de mí, mi profesor, al que respeto mucho, está a 4 metros de mí y mi novio está al lado de mí. Las dos mujeres son mi hermana y mi madre, mi hermana está a mi lado y mi madre está a 2 metros de mí.
¿Según las pistas que te dé, me puedes decir a quién me refiero?

-Lo veo en el autobús y le digo a mi hermana: "Ese que está ahí es una gran persona, ojalá que algún día consiga todo lo que se propone".
-Ayer hablé con él y le dije: "Por supuesto que te pasaré buscando mañana, tranquilízate."

I'm on a bus with different people whom I treat differently, there are 4 men and 2 women. My cousin is 5 meters away from me, my brother is 2 meters away from me, my professor whom I respect a lot is 4 meters away from me, and my boyfriend is next to me. The two women are my sister and my mother; my sister is next to me and my mother is 2 meters away from me. Based on the clues I give you, can you tell me who I'm referring to?
-I see him on the bus and I say to my sister: "That" ("ese" middle distance) one over there ("ahí" middle distance) is a great person, I hope one day he achieves everything he sets out to do.
-Yesterday I spoke with him and I told him: Of course I will pick you ("tú" colloquial) up tomorrow, calm down.

English Reasoning:
*Hint 1: The phrase "ese que está ahí" (that one who is there) suggests that it is someone who is at a middle distance, since the words "ese" and "ahí" in Spanish are used to point to something at a middle distance. In addition, the word "ese" also suggests that it is a man.
*Hint 2: The phrases "te pasaré buscando" (I will pick you up) and "tranquilízate" (calm down) suggest that it is a person who is addressed as "tú," (you informal) thus ruling out the professor who should be addressed as "usted" (you formal) because he is treated with great respect.

Therefore, the only person who is a man and is at a medium distance is the brother. Since the teacher and the cousin are at a long distance and the boyfriend is at a short distance.

English Final Answer: Brother (in Spanish, "hermano").


Francisco va a la tienda de Doña Lupita y paga con un quinientón.
Se llevó unas sabritas de 20 varos, un refresco de 25, 250 g de queso que le dieron a una sorjuanita el kg, y un litro de leche de 32 varillos.

¿Cuánta feria le tiene que dar la seño?

Francisco goes to Doña Lupita's store and pays with a "quinientón" (a 500 pesos bill).
He bought some chips for 20 pesos, a soda for 25 pesos, 250g of cheese that cost a "sorjuanita" (a 200 pesos bill) per kg, and a liter of milk for 32 pesos.

How much change should the lady give him?

English reasoning:
To solve this problem, we have to identify the cost of each item, the total costs, and the change Francisco should get after paying with a "quinientón" (a 500 pesos bill).

Chips: 20 pesos.
Soda: 25 pesos.
Cheese: 250g for a "sorjuanita" (200 pesos) per kg, 200 * 0.250 = 50 pesos.
Milk: 32 pesos.

Total expense: 127 pesos

As Francisco payed with a "quinientón" (a 500 pesos bill), his change should be: 500 - 127 = 373 pesos.

English answer: 373 pesos


Una vecina me contó que su abuela le había regalado una muñeca que había comprado cuando era niña en Venezuela. Su abuela le contó que para comprar la muñeca reunió 1 churupo por 7 días, su mamá le dio 1 locha y su papá le completó con 1 medio. ¿Cuántos bolívares costó la muñeca?

A neighbor told me that her grandmother had given her a doll that she (the grandmother) had bought when she was a child in Venezuela. Her grandmother told her that to buy the doll, she saved 1 "churupo" (old Venezuelan currency) for 7 days, her mom gave her 1 "locha" (old Venezuelan currency), and her dad completed it with 1 "medio" (old Venezuelan currency). How many "bolívares" (Venezuelan currency) did the doll cost?

English Reasoning: To determine the cost of the doll in "bolívares" (Venezuelan currency), we need to understand the value of the old Venezuelan currency units mentioned: "churupo," "locha," and "medio" in terms of bolívares.

1. Churupo: Historically, a "churupo" was a colloquial term for a 5 cents coin. Since 1 bolívar = 100 cents, 1 churupo = 0.05 bolívares.
The grandmother saved 1 churupo per day for 7 days, so she saved 7 churupos.
Contribution from churupos = 7 churupos x 0.05 bolívares/churupo = 0.35 bolívares.

2. Locha: A "locha" was a coin worh 12.5 cents.
1 locha = 0.125 bolívares.
Her mother gave her 1 locha = 0.125 bolívares.

3. Medio: A "medio" was a coin worth 25 cents.
1 medio = 0.25 bolívares.
Her father gave her 1 medio = 0.25 bolívares.

The total cost of the doll is the sum of these amounts:
Total cost = (Amount from churupos) + (Amount from locha) + (Amount from medio)

Total cost = 0.35 bolívares + 0.125 bolívares + 0.25 bolívares
Total cost = 0.725 bolívares

English Final Answer: Bs. 0.725 (in Spanish, "0.725 bolívares")


Estuvimos viendo las cosas que tenía mi bisabuelo en su casa en España. Aparentemente, tenía una tienda en la que vendía ropa fina. Encontramos un cuaderno en donde anotaba los artículos vendidos por día. Hubo un día en particular en el que tuvo una buena venta, porque anotó que vendió lo siguiente:
• Abrigo de piel: 1 talego
• Pijama de seda: 50 lentejas
• Calcetines de algodón: 20 perras chicas.
• Chaqueta de cuero: 15 pelones.
•  Vestido de coctel: 50 rubias.

¿Cuántas pesetas obtuvo mi bisabuelo en ventas ese día?

We were looking at the things that my great-grandfather had in his house in Spain. Apparently, he had a store where he sold fine clothes. We found a notebook where he wrote down the items sold per day. There was a particular day when he had a good sale because he wrote down that he sold the following:
• Fur coat: 1 "talego" (Spanish colloquial name for the 1000 pesetas bill).
• Silk pajamas: 50 "lentejas" (Spanish colloquial name for the 1 peseta coin).
• Cotton socks: 20 "perras chicas" (Spanish colloquial name for the 5 pesetas coin).
• Leather jacket: 15 "pelones" (Spanish colloquial name for the 5 pesetas coin).
• Cocktail dress: 50 "rubias" (Spanish colloquial name for the 1 peseta coin).

How many "pesetas" (old Spanish currency) did my great-grandfather get in sales that day?

English Reasoning:
To solve this, we need to understand the units mentioned ("talego", "lentejas", "perras chicas", "pelones", "rubias") in terms of "pesetas," which was the currency used in Spain before the euro.
• 1 "talego" = 1000 pesetas (historically, it was a slang term for the 1000 pesetas bill).
• 1 "lenteja" = 1 peseta ("lenteja" was slang for one-peseta coin due to its resemblance to a lentil).
• 1 "perra chica" = 0.05 pesetas ("perra chica" was a slang term for a 5-cent peseta coin).
• 1 pelón = 5 pesetas (slang or regional term that could refer to a 5-peseta coin, though less commonly documented).
• 1 rubia = 1 peseta ("rubia" means "blonde," and it was a slang term for a one-peseta coin, possibly due to the color of the coin).

So, let's calcula the total:
• 1 talego = 1 x 1000 = 1000 pesetas
• 50 lentejas = 50 x 1 = 50 pesetas
• 20 perras chicas = 20 x 0.05 = 1 peseta
• 15 pelones = 15 x 5 = 75 pesetas
• 50 rubias = 50 x 1 = 50 pesetas

Adding these together: 1000 + 50 + 1 + 75 + 50 = 1176 pesetas.

English Final Answer: 1176 pesetas.


Mi abuelo sigue haciendo de las suyas. Hoy lo he llevado al parque de Rosalía de Castro en Pontevedra y me dijo que tiene fanega y media. ¿Cuál fue el error absoluto en porcentaje que ha cometido en su estimación? Dame la cifra con dos decimales y usa para la fanega su medida castellana de 6459,6 metros cuadrados.

Prompt Translation to English: My grandfather continues doing his thing. Today I took him to Rosalía de Castro Park in Pontevedra and he told me that it is one and a half fanegas (old Spanish area measure unit). What was the absolute percentage error he made in his estimate? Give the figure with two decimals and use for the fanega its Castillian measure of 6459.6 square meters.

English Reasoning: The Rosalía de Castro Park in Pontevedra has one hectare. It is important not to confuse it with the Rosalía de Castro Park in Lugo which has 23 hectares.

A hectare has 10000 square meters.
The Castillian fanega has 6459.6 square meters as it was said.

The amount of fanegas in the park is the park's area divided by the area of one fanega, that is, 10000/6459.6 = 1.5481 fanegas.

The grandfather said that the park has 1.5 fanegas.

Therefore, the absolute error is (|actual fanegas- estimated fanegas|/actual fanegas) * 100 that is (|1.5481 - 1.5|/1.5481) * 100 = 3.106%, rounding 3.11%.

English Final Answer: 3.11%.


José estaba tomando mates mientras hacía tarea de la facultad. Cuando se dio cuenta, ¡se había quedado sin yerba! Si se quedó sin yerba después de 7 mateadas con su mate imperial y 5 con su mate torpedo, ¿cuánta yerba tenía originalmente?

José was drinking mate while doing his college homework. When he realized, he had run out of yerba! (herb) If he ran out of yerba (herb) after 7 mateadas (mate sessions) with his imperial mate (mate imperial) and 5 with his mate torpedo, how much yerba did he originally have?

English Reasoning: In order to calculate how much yerba José had at the start of the first mateada (mate session), we need to calculate how much yerba he consumed in 7 mateadas with an "imperial" mate cup, and 5 with a "torpedo" mate cup. Imperial and torpedo are both a kind of "mate cup" with fairly standard measurements. The standard imperial mate has a capacity of 40 grams of yerba mate (herb of mate). The standard torpedo mate has a capacity of 70 grams of yerba mate.

- 7 mateadas × 40 grams (mate imperial) = 280 grams.
- 5 mateadas × 70 grams (mate torpedo) = 350 grams.

Total after 12 mateadas: 350 g + 280 g = 630 g.
So, José had 630 g of yerba mate (herb of mate) when he started doing his homework (and drinking mate).

English Final Answer: 630 g.


Don Marquitos fue al mercado y se trajo 3 fanegas de frijol refritos para mi negocio en una comunidad rural de Castilla. Don Leandro se trajo también 5 fanegas de frijol refrito. Ambos son mis proveedores y llegamos a un acuerdo en el que les pagaría 998,316 pesetas por cada litro que me vendieran.
Les he comprado todo lo que me trajeron y ha llegado el momento de pagarles, pero para que se me haga más fácil les pagaré en euros ¿Cuántos euros debo pagarle a cada uno?

Don Marquitos went to the market and brought 3 fanegas (old unit of measurement) of refried beans for my business in a rural community in Castilla. Don Leandro also brought 5 fanegas (old unit of measurement) of refried beans. Both are my suppliers and we agreed that I would pay them 998.316 pesetas (old Spanish currency) for each liter they sold me. I've bought everything they brought, and it's time to pay them, but to make it easier for me, I'll pay them in euros. How many euros should I pay each of them?

English Reasoning: First, we need to understand the given units and currency.
A "fanega" is an old Spanish unit of measurement, and we need to convert it to liters. Under the Castilla framework, 1 fanega is equivalent to 55.5 liters.
Don Marquitos brought 3 fanegas, so that's:
3 x 55.5 = 166.5 liters
Don Leandro brought 5 fanegas, so that's:
5 x 55.5 = 277.5 liters

Now we must calculate how many pesetas (an old Spanish currency) each supplier should be paid. To do this, we consider that for each liter they will be paid 998.316 pesetas:
Don Marquitos: 166.5 x 998.316 = 166,219.614 pesetas
Don Leandro: 277.5 x 998.316 = 277,032.69 pesetas

The total amount they will be paid is in pesetas (an old Spanish currency), but we need to convert it to euros. To do this, we convert pesetas to euros at the fixed rate 1 euro = 166.386 pesetas.
Don Marquitos: 166,219.614 / 166.386 = 999 euros
Don Leandro: 277,032.69 / 166.386 = 1665 euros

English Final Answer:
Don Marquitos: 999 euros.
Don Leandro: 1665 euros.


Mi hermano nació en el 2010 un día antes del Día de Santa Rosa de Lima. En Perú  nos dan puente o feriados largos siempre que la fecha festiva caiga viernes, sábado o martes y nos dan un día libre más. Quiero saber cuántas veces el cumpleaños de mi hermano coincidió con los feriados largos desde su fecha de nacimiento hasta el 12 de febrero de 2025.

My brother was born in 2010, one day before the St. Rose of Lima Day. In Peru, we usually get a long weekend (known as a "puente") whenever a public holiday falls on a Friday, Saturday, or Tuesday, with an extra day off added. I’d like to know how many times my brother’s birthday has coincided with a long weekend from his birth until February 12, 2025.

Reasoning in English: To determine whether my brother's birthday coincided with a long weekend, we need to follow the following analysis:

My brother was born one day before the holiday of Santa Rosa de Lima—that is, on Sunday, August 29, 2010.

In Peru, long weekends (known as “puentes”) are generally granted based on the following logic:

-If the public holiday falls on a Friday, Thursday is a day off.
-If the public holiday falls on a Saturday, Friday is also granted as a day off.
-If the public holiday falls on a Tuesday, Monday is also granted as a day off.

With this scheme in mind, we need to count how many times August 29 fell on a Thursday, Friday, or Monday, as those days would be part of a long weekend in the period from 2010 to 2025.

After reviewing the calendars, we found the following:
-2011: Monday, August 29
-2013: Thursday, August 29
-2014: Friday, August 29
-2016: Monday, August 29
-2019: Thursday, August 29
-2022: Monday, August 29
-2024: Thursday, August 29

Final answer: 7 times.


Estoy visitando a mi sobrina que vive en Venezuela. Ella es fanática de los juegos de cartas y le gusta participar en pequeños torneos que hacen en su comunidad. Como buen tío, la he acompañado a realizar su actividad favorita y hemos ido a un torneo de caída, pero para no quedarme sin hacer nada decidí ayudar en la organización del evento. Mi labor consiste en registrar la edad promedio por mesa de juego y estoy teniendo problemas para descifrar la edad de los participantes de la mesa que me ha tocado registrar. Te daré los datos que tengo:
Graciela exclamó "canto vigía, y si sumamos esto a mis 12 puntos, entonces mi puntuación total es igual a mi edad". Martina dijo de inmediato "si a tu edad le restamos mi registro, entonces obtenemos mi edad". Carlos comentó "yo tengo casa grande, eso equivale a un tercio de mi edad".
Partiendo de los comentarios de cada uno de los participantes, ¿cuál es la edad promedio de la mesa?

I'm visiting my niece who lives in Venezuela. She's a fan of card games and likes to participate in small tournaments in her community. As a good uncle, I've accompanied her to her favorite activity and we've gone to a "caída" (a Venezuelan card game) tournament, but to not be left without doing anything, I decided to help with the organization of the event. My task is to register the average age per game table, and I'm having trouble figuring out the age of the participants at the table I'm in charge of registering. I will give you the data I have:
Graciela exclaimed "I sing 'vigía' [a combination of three cards that values 7 points], and if we add this to my 12 points, then my total score is equal to my age." Martina immediately said, "if we subtract my "registro" (a combination of cards that has a value of 8 points) from your age, we get my age". Carlos commented "I have 'casa grande' (a combination of cards that has a value of 12 points), that is equal to one-third of my age".
Based on the comments of each of the participants, what's the average age of the table?

This is a mathematical puzzle about a card game. "Caída" is a Venezuelan game in which participants are dealt three cards per round, and, depending on the different card combinations they get, points are added up to 24 points. The three combinations mentioned are:
"Vigía" (equivalent to 7 points).
"Registro" (equivalent to 8 points).
"Casa grande" (equivalent to 12 points).
To find the average age, we first need to determine the age of each participant based on the clues related to the card game.
Graciela said her score is equal to her age. So, if she had 12 points and called "vigía," her age is the sum of 12 plus 7.
12 + 7 = 19 years old.
Martina said if you subtract her "registro" from Graciela's age, you get Martina's age. Then her age is the difference between 19 and 8.
19 - 8 = 11 years old.
Carlos said he has "casa grande," which equals one-third of his age. To obtain his age, you must multiply 12 by 3.
12 x 3 = 36 years old.
Now that ages are known, the average age of the gaming table participants can be found by adding them all up and dividing by the number of players:

19 + 11 + 36 = 66
66 / 3 = 22

The average age is 22 years old.

English Final Answer: 22 years old.


La gran hada llevaba en su caja una lista de compras que hacer, sin embargo, no se olvidó de la fruta que tenía que comer. ¿Qué se llevó?

The great fairy (Gran hada) carried in her box a shopping list to make, but she did not forget, the fruit she needed to eat. What did she take?

In Spanish, the words "gran" and "hada" can be combined to form the word "granada".

English reasoning: The riddle plays with the words "gran" and "hada", which when combined phonetically, they form the word "granada" (pomegranate). The key to the riddle lies in how, when spoken, the two words are combined and form the name of the fruit.

English final answer: The pomegranate (In Spanish, mean granada).

Wordplay & Riddles with Cultural Context


Quiero decirle algo, don Carlos, algo, don Carlos le diré, pero si usted adivina algo, don Carlos, decirle no necesitaré.

I want to tell you something, Mr (algo, Don) Carlos, something, Mr (algo, Don) Carlos I will tell you, but if you guess something, Mr (algo, Don) Carlos, I will not need to tell you.
In Spanish, “cotton” is said “algodón”.

Reasoning in English: This is a word game in which the solution is hidden in plain sight, as it is repeated several times. When we pronounce together in Spanish “decirle algo, don Carlos” (tell you something, Mr Carlos) we can find hidden the word “algodón” (cotton), making it evident that this is the solution.

English Final Answer: Cotton (in Spanish, "algodón").


Mis padres se casaron en 1996, el primer día que se llevó a cabo el Cristo del Orinoco de ese año en Ciudad Bolívar. ¿Cuál es el siguiente año en el que su aniversario le concuerda con el primer día del Cristo del Orinoco?

My parents got married in 1996, on the first day of the "Cristo del Orinoco" (Christ of the Orinoco) took place that year in Ciudad Bolívar. What is the next year when their anniversary coincides with the first day of the Cristo del Orinoco?

English Reasoning: The "Cristo del Orinoco" (Christ of the Orinoco) is a religious play that is performed annually in Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela, during Holy Week. Specifically, it is held on Holy Thursday, Holy Friday and Holy Saturday.
If the user's parents were married in 1996 on the same day that Cristo del Orinoco was first celebrated that year, i.e. Holy Thursday, then their wedding took place on April 4, 1996.
By consulting a liturgical calendar, we can see that the next time Holy Thursday coincides with an April 4 will be in the year 2075.

English Final Answer: 2075


Dime la respuesta a esta adivinanza: apretado es y lo comen hasta tres. Si no está mal, es porque zanahoria debe llevar. ¿Qué es?

Tell me the answer to this riddle: it's tight, and up to three people can eat it. If it's not wrong, it must have carrots in it. What is it?

In Spanish, the words "No está mal" or "no es-támal" would mean "Tamal" which is a typical LATAM dish.

English Reasoning: This riddle is a wordplay in Spanish. The key to understanding it is in the phrase "If it's not bad," which in Spanish is "Si no está mal." The pun is when we take the syllables "ta" and "mal" to form the word "tamal." The tamal is a typical Colombian dish. It is "apretado" (tight), because it is wrapped and tied with banana leaves. The second part mentions that carrots make it good. In the Colombian version of "tamales," they often contain pieces of carrots as an ingredient to enhance their flavor and appearance.

Final Answer: The tamale (In Spanish mean, "El tamal" a typical and traditional Colombian dish).


En una clase de champeta, el profesor dice a sus alumnos así: "Ahí está el carajito," "Ay, ¿dónde está la peladita?" y "Hay que repetir señito." Sus alumnos son: Juanito, Doña Sandra y Camila. ¿Quién de sus alumnos no está en la clase?

In a champeta class, the teacher tells his students: "There ('ahí' middle distance) is the little boy ('carajito' slang for little boy)," "Oh ('Ay' expression), where is the 'little girl' ('carajita' slang for little girl)?" and "You have to repeat, 'old lady' ('señito' slang for old lady)." His students are: Juanito (diminutive for the name Juan), 'Doña' (respectful term for an older woman) Sandra, and Camila. Which of his students is not in the class?

English Reasoning: It is necessary to understand the difference between “Ahí,” (there-middle distance) "Hay," (have) and “Ay” (oh) in Spanish to interpret this prompt. The words “Ahí,” (there-middle distance) "Hay," (have) and “Ay” (oh) are easily confused because of their similar sound in Spanish, but they have very different meanings and uses. “Hay” (have) is a form of the verb “Haber” (to have) that indicates the existence or presence of something; "Ahí" (there) is an adverb of place that indicates proximity; and “Ay” (oh) is an interjection that expresses pain, surprise, or sorrow. The prompt uses colloquial Latin expressions such as “El carajito,” which refers to Juanito, and means a little boy. “Señito” refers to "Doña Sandra" because this expression is related to a somewhat older lady. And when the teacher asks, "Oh (Ay), where is the little girl?", "peladita" refers to a little girl.

In Spanish, “Hay” (have) is the impersonal form of the verb "Haber" (to have) and is used to indicate existence, as in “There are many books in the library.” In English, “there is” is used for singular and “there are” for plural, depending on what is being mentioned. In Spanish, you can say “Hay que repetir” as a synonym for “You have to repeat,” but in English, it is not possible to say “there are to repeat,” which would be the literal translation. Instead of “there are,” you should use a verb such as “have” in this case. Taking all this into account, when the teacher uses the expression “Oh (Ay), where is the little girl?” he is asking about Camila's whereabouts, which indicates that she is not present in the class. The fact that he asks where she is suggests that she is absent, while acknowledging the presence of the other two students. The key is that the teacher confirms the presence of "el carajito" (the little boy) by saying "There ('ahí' middle distance) is the little boy," and speaks directly to "señito" by saying "You have to repeat, old lady." but asks about "la peladita," indicating that he does not see her.

English Final Answer: Camila


Con mis amigos de diferentes religiones, pensamos en viajar de Buenos Aires a Mendoza, desde el último fin de semana de marzo hasta los últimos días de abril del 2025. Sin embargo, no hemos encontrado el fin de semana largo para coincidir, porque según la religión de cada uno tenemos días feriados diferentes. Entre estas fechas, la comunidad judía tiene varios días feriados y la musulmana 1 día que son exclusivos de sus religiones. Posteriormente, comentaron de viajar, no para el próximo fin de semana largo, sino para el siguiente ¿A qué fin de semana largo se referían?

With my friends from different religions, we thought about traveling from Buenos Aires to Mendoza, from the last weekend of March until the end of April 2025. However, we couldn’t align dates for the next long weekend due to different religious holidays. The Jewish community has several holidays, and the Muslim community has one exclusive holiday during this period. Later, they mentioned traveling not for the upcoming long weekend but the following one. Which long weekend were they referring to?

English Reasoning:
The initial travel period is from late March to April 2025. Since they were unable to agree on a date during that period, the next long weekend falls between May 1 and 4, as May 1 is "Día del Trabajador" (Labor Day), and May 2 is a public holiday for tourism purposes. However, the intended long weekend is the one after the previously mentioned long weekend. As a result, the next long weekend is from June 14 to 16, which corresponds to the holiday "Paso a la Inmortalidad del Gral. Don Martín Miguel de Güemes” (Immortality of Gen. Don Martín Miguel de Güemes) on June 16.

English Final Answer: 14, 15, and 16 June


Soy un obseso de la seguridad, siempre intento que mis contraseñas sean un desafío. La última vez que cambié la contraseña del banco, apunté en una agenda los diferentes pasos para descubrirla. ¿Puedes decirme qué contraseña es? Lo que apunté fue lo siguiente:

La contraseña tiene tres caracteres, y están todos en esta hoja. ¿La podrás descubrir?
El primer carácter es un símbolo que está en la frase anterior y solo se utiliza en español.
El segundo carácter es el número de sustantivos femeninos que tiene la frase anterior.
El tercer carácter es la cuarta letra del primer verbo de la primera frase que he apuntado en esta hoja si se conjugase en subjuntivo en primera persona, en tiempo presente.

I am obsessed with security; I always try to make my passwords a challenge. The last time I changed my bank password, I wrote down the different steps to discover it in a notebook. Can you tell me what the password is? What I wrote down was the following:

The password has three characters, and they are all on this sheet. Will you be able to discover it? (in Spanish, this question would have the opening question mark "¿" which is necessary to understand the clues).
The first character is a symbol that is in the previous sentence and is only used in Spanish.
The second character is the number of feminine nouns in the previous sentence.
The third character is the fourth letter of the first verb of the first sentence I have written down on this sheet if it were conjugated in the subjunctive in the first-person singular, in the present tense.

English Reasoning: The password has three characters. Let's determine them one by one based on the clues:

First character:
    The clue is: "The first character is a symbol that is in the previous sentence and is only used in Spanish".
    The "previous sentence" refers to the sentence immediately preceding the clues: "La contraseña tiene tres caracteres
    y están todos en esta hoja. ¿La podrás descubrir?" (in English: "The password has three characters, and they are all on
    this sheet. Will you able to discover it? ").
    The symbols in the sentence are"comma (,), period (.), inverted question mark (¿), and question mark (?).
    The symbol that is uniquely or primarily used in Spanish (and not sstandard in English) is the inverted question mark
    "¿".
    So, the first character is "¿".

Second character:
    The clue is: "The second character is the number of feminine nouns in the previous sentence."
    The "previous sentence" here refers to the sentence containing the first clue itself: "El primer carácter es un símbolo
    que está en la frase anterior y solo se utiliza en español." (In English: "the first character is a symbol that is in the
    previous sentence and is only used in Spanish.").
    There is one feminine noun in this sentence: "frase". The other nouns are masculine.
    So, the number of feminine nouns is 1. The second character is "1".

Third character:
    The clue is: "The third character is the fourth letter of the first verb of the first sentence I wrote on this sheet if it were
    conjugated in the subjunctive, in the first-person singular, in the present tense."
    "The first sentence I wrote on this sheet" refers to the very first sentence of the user's notes: "La contraseña tiene tres
    caracteres, y estan todos en esta hoja." (In English: "The password has three characters, and they are all on this
    sheet.").
    The first verb in this sentence is "tiene" (from the infinitive "tener" - to have).
    We need to conjugate "tener"in the present subjunctive, first-person singular.
    This conjugation is "tenga"
    The fourth letter of "tenga" is "g".
    So, the third character is "g".

Combining the three characters gives the password: ¿1g.

English Final Answer: ¿1g


Juana cumple el día después del día de la Virgen de la Torcoroma. Nació un día Miercoles, pero cada año que le cae martes o miércoles su cumpleaños, sube a la iglesia de la Virgen por agradecimiento. Este año 2025, cumplirá 20 años. ¿Ha subido más los martes o los miércoles?

Juana's birthday is the day after the Virgin of Torcoroma's day. She was born on Wednesday, but every year when her birthday falls on Tuesday or Wednesday, she goes to the church of the Virgin in gratitude. This year, 2025, she will be 20 years old. Has she gone up more on Tuesdays or Wednesdays?

English Reasoning: We have to determine whether Juana's birthday fell more often on Tuesdays or Wednesdays. Each year, her birthday advances by one day, except after a leap year, when it advances by two days. There are 5 leap years in the last 20 years. Calculating each year's birthday from her birth (Wednesday) shows the birthdays fall on Wednesday 3 times (years 2011, 2016, and 2022) and Tuesday 2 times (years 2010 and 2021). So she has gone up more on Wednesdays.

English Final Answer: Wednesdays (In Spanish, miércoles).


Si un coco con sal va donde quiera y una mandarina va con sombrilla. ¿Cuál es mi cereal favorito?

If a coconut with salt (sal) goes (va) wherever (donde) it wants, and a mandarin goes with an umbrella, what is my favorite cereal?
Bran is said "salvado" in Spanish.

English Reasoning: This riddle is based on wordplay. The key to solving it lies in how the phrase is constructed, using syllables from three words that, when combined, form the name of the cereal: "salvado" (bran).
The sentence "si un coco con sal va donde quiera" (If a coconut with salt goes wherever it wants) contains the hidden clue. When pronounced aloud, the initial syllables "sal – va – do" emerge from the following words: "sal" from "con sal" (with salt), "va" from "va" (goes), "do" from the beginning of "donde" (where).
When combined, they form the word "salvado", which in Spanish means "bran", a type of cereal.
The second part of the riddle, "and a mandarin goes with an umbrella", serves as a distraction. It doesn't contribute to the solution.
Thus, the riddle uses the initial syllables of everyday words to hide the answer in plain sight through sound association.

English final answer: Bran (In Spanish, salvado).


No es solo abrir la puerta, ni mostrar todo lo que tenga. El que la tenga que la atienda, porque quien viene, no siempre espera. Ya antes te he dicho qué es, adivina la respuesta.

It's not just opening the door, nor showing everything it has. Whoever has it, "que lo atienda" (take care of it), because whoever comes doesn't always wait. I've already told you what it is; guess the answer.
In Spanish, “shop” is said “tienda”.

English Reasoning: The riddle describes something that involves more than just opening a door or displaying contents ("No es solo abrir la puerta, ni mostrar todo lo que tenga"). It requires attention from its owner ("El que la tenga que la atienda") because visitors (customers) might not wait ("porque quien viene, no siempre espera"). The key point lies in the expression "El que la tenga que la atienda" (it means that whoever owns something, for example, a business, must take care of it), since the word "atienda" (take care of) in Spanish contains the answer itself, by removing the initial letter a, then the answer is "tienda" (shop or store in English).

English Final Answer: Shop (in Spanish: "Tienda").


Mi hermano nació el mismo día en el que se coronan los reyes y reinas del carnaval de Veracruz en este 2025, pero 15 años atrás. Si yo nací el mismo día, pero 11 meses después que él, ¿qué día nací?

My brother was born on the same day the kings and queens of the Veracruz Carnival are crowned in 2025, but 15 years earlier. If I was born on the same day, but 11 months after him, what day was I born?

English Reasoning:
First, the 2025 Veracruz Carnival crowning will be held on June 27, 2025. Therefore, if the brother was born on the same day but 15 years earlier, he was born on June 27, 2010.
Second, eleven months after June 27, 2010, is May 27, 2011.
In conclusion, I was born on May 27, 2011.

English Final Answer: May 27, 2011.


Iré con mis amigos, Ana, Julio, Roberto y Andrea a la feria gastronómica venezolana en donde cada uno presentaremos diferentes platillos como reina pepiada, arepa pelada, tostada caroreña, pabellón y cachapas. ¿Me puedes decir que platillo presentaremos cada uno?

Información disponible:
Ana debe comprar salsa rosada y queso en el supermercado.
Julio, debería poner horas antes a cocinar las caraotas en olla de presión.
Roberto debe ir al mercado a comprar aguacates.
Andrea debería conseguir maíz que aún conserve su cascara.
Y yo iré al mercado a comprar masa de maíz tierno.

Ana presentará tostada caroreña, Julio presentará el pabellón, Roberto presentará la reina pepiada, Andrea presentará la arepa pelada y yo presentaré las cachapas.

I will go with my friends, Ana, Julio, Roberto, and Andrea, to the Venezuelan gastronomic fair where each one of us will present different dishes such as "reina pepiada" (dish made with corn flour, stuffed with chicken and avocado), "arepa pelada" (dish made with corn that still keeps its husk), "tostada caroreña" (dish made with corn dough, fried and stuffed with cheese and covered with pink sauce and grated cheese), "pabellón" (typical Venezuelan dish made with rice, black beans, fried plantains, shredded meat, and fried egg), and "cachapas" (tortilla made of ground tender corn). Can you tell me which dish we will present each one?

Information available:
-Ana should buy pink sauce and cheese at the supermarket.
-Julio should cook the beans in a pressure cooker for a few hours before.
-Roberto should go to the market to buy avocados.
-Andrea should get corn that still has its husk.
-And I will go to the market to buy ground tender corn.

English Reasoning: The prompt asks to assign one Venezuelan dish to each person based on the ingredients they are acquiring or preparing. We can deduce the dish by linking the ingredient/preparation step to the main components of each listed dish:

1. Ana needs pink sauce (salsa rosada) and cheese. Pink sauce is a common accompaniment for "Tostada Caroreña" (dish made with corn dough, fried and stuffed with cheese and covered with pink sauce and grated cheese).

2. Julio needs to cook black beans (caraotas). Black beans are a fundamental part of "Pabellón Criollo" (a typical Venezuelan dish made with rice, black beans, fried plantains, shredded meat, and fried egg).

3. Roberto needs to buy avocados (aguacates). Avocado is the main ingredient (mixed with chicken) for the "Reina Pepiada" (dish made with corn flour, stuffed with chicken and avocado) filling.

4. Andrea needs corn with its husk. This implies using whole corn kernels, which are traditionally used to make the dough for "Arepa Pelada" (dish made with corn that still keeps its husk).

5. The user needs ground tender corn (masa de maíz tierno). This specific type of dough is used to make "Cachapas" (tortilla made of ground tender corn).

English Final Answer: Based on the ingredients, each person is responsible for:
-Ana will present the "Tostada Caroreña."
-Julio will present the "Pabellón."
-Roberto will present the "Reina Pepiada."
-Andrea will present the "Arepa Pelada."
-You will present the "Cachapas."


Cada año voy de visita a La Plata a reunirme con mis amigos para recordar viejos tiempos. Este año tenemos un nuevo amigo que vino a estudiar medicina, su nombre es Jorge. Mientras hablábamos, el pibe dijo que le bancaba lanzarse un sapo. Al escuchar esto, todos se entusiasmaron y dijeron que era una excelente forma de recordar el pasado, pero a mi me parece algo desagradable.
¿A qué se refería Jorge?

Every year I visit La Plata to meet with friends to remember old times. This year we have a new friend who came to study medicine, his name is Jorge. While we were talking, the guy said he was up for 'throwing a toad' (literal translation of "lanzarse un sapo"). Upon hearing this, everyone got excited and said it was an excellent way to remember the past, but I find it somewhat disgusting. What are Jorge referring to?

English Reasoning: "Lanzarse un sapo" is Argentine slang. In this case, "lanzarse" means to go and do something and "sapo" (toad) is a traditional game. Therefore, the phrase refers to playing the traditional game called "sapo". This game envolves throwing metal discs or coins into a raised box with several holes, the most valuable being the toad's mouth.
To identify the answer, it is necessary to understand that, although the friend studies medicine, Jorge does not refer to using a real animal or substances derived from it, and that the friends consider the idea to be a good way to remember the past due to its traditional connotation and because it is a game that many children often play.

English Final Answer: Toad (El sapo) a traditional game.


El hijo de Ana nació el segundo viernes de la última celebración de la Fiesta Provincial del Inmigrante en Berisso, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Teniendo en cuenta que estamos a mayo de 2025 y el día de su nacimiento se realizó un evento en el Hogar Árabe Argentino, ¿en qué fecha y edición de la Fiesta será su vigésimo cumpleaños?

Martes 13 de septiembre de 2044, durante la 67° Fiesta Provincial del Inmigrante.

Ana's son was born on the second Friday of the last celebration of the Provincial Immigrant Festival in Berisso, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Considering that it is currently May 2025 and on the day of his birth an event was held at the Hogar Árabe Argentino, on what date and edition of the festival will his twentieth birthday be?

English Reasoning:
1. Determine the "last celebration". The current date is May 2025. The Provincial Immigrant Festival in Berisso is an annual event, typically held in September. Therefore, the "last celebration"that has concluded by May 2025 is the one from 2024.

2. Determine the edition of the 2024 festival. Historical data indicates the festival's editions are sequential. If we assume a known recent edition (e.g., the 2023 festival was the 46th edition), then the 2024 festival was the 47th edition.

3. Determine de son's birthday. He was born on the "second Friday of the last celebration"(the 2024 festival). The first Friday of September 2024 was September 6, 2024. Assuming the festival's main activities commenced on or by this date, the "second Friday" of the festival would be the following Friday: September 13, 2024. The mention of an event at the Hogar Árabe Argentino on his birthday is consistent with their stand being open and active, which happens on Fridays during the festival. So, the son's birthday is September 13, 2024.

4. Calculate the date of his twentieth birthday. September 13, (2024+20) = September 13, 2044.

5. Determine the edition of the festival for his twentieth birthday. The son was born during the 47th edition of the festival (in 2024). The festival is annual, so the edition number increases by one each year. In 2044 (20 years after 2024), the festival edition will be the 47th+20= 67th edition.

English Final Answer: Tuesday, September 13, 2044, during the 67th Provincial Immigrant Festival.


La canción favorita de mi hermana se llama "Cómo te atreves" de un grupo musical colombiano conformado por cuatro cachacos. Esta canción es especial para mi hermana porque menciona su día de nacimiento. Si ella nació en el año 2004. ¿Cuántas veces su día de cumpleaños ha caído en Martes hasta hoy 30 de abril 2025?

My sister's favorite song is called "Cómo te atreves" (How dare you?), by a Colombian musical group composed of four cachacos (people from Bogotá). This song is special to my sister because it mentions her birthday. If she was born in 2004, how many times has her birthday fallen on Tuesday until today, April 30, 2025?

English Reasoning: The song "Cómo te atreves" is by the Colombian group Morat (its members are from Bogotá, colloquially known as "cachacos"). In this song, one verse says, "...Y no si quiera me pensaste un 29 de febrero" (and you didn't even think of me on February 29). Therefore, the sister's birthday is February 29, 2004. Now, we need to calculate how many times February 29 has fallen on a Tuesday from 2004 to April 2025. Considering that this date only occurs in leap years:

2004: Sunday
2008: Friday
2012: Wednesday
2016: Monday
2020: Saturday
2024: Thursday

Thus, during those years, no February 29 has coincided with a Tuesday, so the answer is zero (0) or none.

English Final Answer: 0


Voy a durar un  año en Santo Domingo desde hoy primero de mayo 2025, mis amigos me dijeron que hay 4 actividades en las que ellos participan que no me puedo perder. La Pelota, Los Soberano, el Carnaval Vegano y el Festival Guloya. Julio esta en su programa de radio, Miguel esta probándose un guante, Ronald intentando conseguir una vejiga y Raquel practica un baile . ¿Quién me va a acompañar a cada actividad y en que orden serán realizadas?

1. Raquel al Festival Guloya, 2.Miguel a la Pelota 3. Ronald al Carnaval, 4. Julio a Los Soberano.

I will be in Santo Domingo for a year starting today, May 1st, 2025. My friends told me there are 4 activities they participate in that I can't miss. Winter Baseball, Los Soberano (Dominican Republic TV, Music and Radio awards), Carnaval Vegano (Main carnival celebration in the Dominican Republic), and Guloya Festival (Main San Pedro province Carnival). Julio is on his radio show, Miguel is trying out a glove, Ronald is trying to get a vejiga (hard balloon used at La Vega carnival), Raquel is practicing a dance. Who will be with me at each activity, and in what order will they be held?

English Reasoning: The user will be joining 4 of his friends in 4 different activities in the Dominican Republic, each friend is linked to one activity, and each one is performing an action that clues the activity they are linked to. Julio is in his Radio Show, which means he is going to the Los Soberano (Dominican Republic TV, Radio and Music Awards) Awards. Miguel is trying on a glove. out of the 4 activities mentioned, the only one that uses a glove is Winter Baseball, so Miguel is the one participating in Winter Baseball. Ronald is trying to get a vejiga (a very hard balloon used at La Vega Carnival) at that carnival there are different groups with varying complex costumes, part of that costume is "La vejiga" which is traditionally used to hit those who get in the way of the people wearing costumes, which means Ronald is the one participating in the La Vega Carnival with the user, and Raquel is practicing a dance, which links her to the Guloya Festival that is a festival in the San Pedro province where groups of people dresses up in folkloric attire and performs traditional dances.
Now, for the order in which those activities will happen during the year, starting from May 1st.
1. Festival Guloya is celebrated in September.
2. Pelota (Winter Baseball in the Dominican Republic) happens between October and January.
3. Carnaval Vegano (La Vega Carnival) happens in February
4. Los Soberano occur in March.

English Final Answer: Activities in chronological order with the friend who will be joining the user:
1. Raquel, Festival Guloya (Guloya Festival)
2. Miguel, La Pelota (Winter Baseball)
3. Ronald, Carnaval Vegano (La Vega Carnival)
4. Julio, Los Soberano (Awards)


Este año, 2025, me he propuesto viajar con mi familia a por lo menos 3 ferias emblemáticas de México, para conocer un poco más de mi país. Ya fuimos a la Feria de Huejotzingo en marzo y ahora queremos ir a la Feria de la manzana en Zacatlán. Disponemos de un fin de semana completo, de viernes a domingo, llegando el jueves en la noche y regresando el lunes. ¿Para qué fechas necesitamos reservar nuestros vuelos?

Llegada: jueves 14 de agosto de 2025.
Salida: lunes 18 de agosto de 2025.

This year, 2025, I have decided to travel with my family to at least 3 emblematic fairs in Mexico, to get to know a little more of my country. We already went to the Huejotzingo Fair in March, and now we want to go to the Apple Fair in Zacatlan. We have a full weekend, from Friday to Sunday, arriving on Thursday night and returning on Monday. For which dates do we need to book our flights?

English Reasoning: The user wants to attend the Feria de la Manzana (Apple Fair) in Zacatlán, Puebla, in 2025. This fair traditionally takes place in August, centered around the Feast of the Assumption of Mary, which is August 15th. In 2025, August 15th falls on a Friday. The user wants to spend the full weekend (Friday-Sunday) at the fair, arriving the Thursday before and leaving the Monday after. Therefore, the relevant weekend is Friday, August 15th to Sunday, August 17th, 2025. The arrival date should be Thursday, August 14th, 2025, and the departure date should be Monday, August 18th, 2025.

English Final Answer: arrive on Thursday, August 14th, 2025, and depart on Monday, August 18th, 2025.


Mi hermanito está estudiando y no puede esperar a que llegue una de las vacaciones que más les gusta, ya que en su escuela les dan los días libres, desde el aniversario de los niños héroes hasta el grito de dolores, sin contar los días festivos. Sin embargo, él se enoja mucho cuando uno de los días cae durante fin de semana, ya que se desperdicia y no aprovecha todos los días completos. Él me dice que durante sus últimos 15 años estudiando las vacaciones han caído al menos un día en fin de semana que completamente durante la semana, pero no le creo. ¿Cuántas veces ha caído en fin de semana? ¿Ha sido más veces en fin de semana o durante días de semana? Considera que estamos en 1.º de mayo del 2025.

Fin de semana, 8 veces de los 15 años pasados.

My little brother is in school and can’t wait for one of the vacation periods he likes most, since his school gives days off from the anniversary of the "niños héroes" (child heroes) until the "grito de dolores" (cry of independence), not counting public holidays. However, he gets very upset when one of those days falls on a weekend, because it’s “wasted” and he can’t use a full day off. He tells me that in his last 15 years of schooling, these vacation days have fallen on at least one weekend day more often than they have fallen entirely on weekdays—but I don’t believe him. How many times have they fallen on a weekend? Has it happened more often on weekends or on weekdays? Assume today is May 1, 2025.

English Reasoning: We need to find each vacation period from September 13 (Aniversario de los niños heroes) to September 16 (Grito de dolores). However, since it should not count public holidays, September 16 is removed from the period. The aim is to check if the whole period has fallen within the weekdays for each year from 2010 to 2024 (the last 15 such breaks before May 1, 2025).

Quick calculation of the day of the week for September 13–15 of each year (consulting a calendar):
• 2010, 2011, 2016, 2017, 2021, 2022, 2023 → The 13th, 14th, and 15th fall on Mondays through Fridays
• 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2024 → At least one day falls on a Saturday or Sunday

Count:
– With weekend overlap: 8 times
– Completely on weekdays: 7 times

English Final Answer: It happens more often on weekends, 8 times in the past 15 years.


En mi comunidad local se están haciendo eventos recreativos para los chamacos y se están organizando juegos típicos de diversas regiones. Al equipo de mi hijo le tocaron los siguientes juegos: Corozo, piedra redonda, Kuaburro, Pash Pash y el Beli. Cada juego tendrá un capitán y se asignaron de la siguiente manera:
1. Juan liderará en el juego de precisión y destreza, su objetivo es darle macizo a una pieza de madera en forma de cono.
2. Roberto se enfrentará a su contrincante en una batalla de agallas y fortaleza, su objetivo es guindarse y andar como garrapata.
3. Carlos trabajará en equipo y usará hojas de palma para llevar una pelota a la meta del equipo rival.
4. Lupe utilizará su paciencia y memoria para avanzar con perfecto equilibrio.
5. Valeria se posicionará en el centro de un círculo y tratará de eliminar a cuantos jugadores pueda en dirección a las manecillas del reloj.

¿Puedes relacionar cada juego con su capitán?

In my local community, recreational events are being organized for children with traditional games from various regions. My son's team was assigned the following games: Corozo (game named after a palm tree), Piedra Redonda (Round stone), Kuaburro (pre-Hispanic game from a region in northeastern Mexico), Pash Pash (game named from the sound the ball makes when hit with the hand), and Beli (game similar to baseball). Each game will have a captain, assigned as follows:
1. Juan will lead in a game of precision and skill; his objective is to hit hard a cone-shaped wooden piece.
2. Roberto will face his opponent in a battle of guts and strength; his goal is to hang on and move like a tick.
3. Carlos will work as a team and use palm leaves to carry a ball to the opponent team's goal.
4. Lupe will use patience and memory to advance with perfect balance.
5. Valeria will position herself in the center of a circle and try to eliminate as many players as possible in a clockwise direction.

Can you match each game with its captain?

English Reasoning: I need to match each captain with the game based on the descriptions provided:

Juan's game involves precision and hitting a cone-shaped wooden piece - this sounds like Beli, which is a game like baseball where the objective is to hit a small cone-shaped wood at both ends piece of wood with a bigger piece of wood.

Roberto's game involves strength and hanging on like a tick - this matches with Kuaburro, which is a game where two kids hang at each side of a trunk, while a third kid makes it turn. The objective is to hang on more time than the rival, either by not falling or waiting until the rival surrenders.

Carlos is using palm leaves in a team game to carry a ball - this is likely Corozo, which is a team sport using palm leaves, and each team is competing to move a ball from palm to palm until reaching the rival's team goal.

Lupe's game requires patience, memory and balance - this description fits piedra redonda, which is a game of coordination and memory. The player needs to balance over one foot and advance on the board with a flat stone.

Valeria's game involves standing in a circle and eliminating players clockwise - this must be Pash Pash, a game played in a circular formation. The objective of the game is that the person in the middle of the circle must throw a ball to any player clockwise and if they drop it, they are eliminated. The game finishes when there are many eliminated or when the person in the middle drop the ball.

English Final Answer: Juan - Beli, Roberto - Kuaburro, Carlos - Corozo, Lupe - Piedra redonda, Valeria - Pash Pash.


Hablando con mis nuevos amigos de la facultad me di cuenta de que cada uno de ellos es diferente, pero aún me cuesta descifrar su personalidad. Te cuento sobre ellos:
Candy llegó al salón con una noticia cierta sobre la suspensión de la clase.
Por su parte, Michel trajo una cierta noticia sobre el profesor.
Alejandro es el silencioso del grupo.
Le preguntaron a Jackson si sabía algo, pero cuando habla es pura bulla.
Caroline suele hablar todo el tiempo de que el aire es puro.
Y Wuil siempre anda con unas papas en la mano, aunque todo el tiempo se queja de que es puro aire.
Me cayeron bien, así que quiero conocerlos mejor. Pero antes dime ¿Quién es el mentiroso del grupo?

Talking to my new friends from university, I realized that each of them is different, but I still have a hard time deciphering their personalities. Let me tell you about them:
Candy arrived in the classroom with certain news ("una noticia cierta") about the class suspension.
For his part, Michel brought certain news ("una cierta noticia") about the professor.
Alejandro is the silent one of the group.
They asked Jackson if he knew anything, but when he speaks he is all talk ("pura bulla").
Caroline talks all the time about the air being pure.
And Wuil always walk around with some chips (a snack) in his hand, although he complains all the time that it's pure air ("puro aire").
I liked them, so I want to get to know them better. But first tell me who is the liar of the group?

English Reasoning: The key to determining who is the liar of the group is in the order of the words and the descriptions you have of each of them. Let's see:
Candy told certain news ("una noticia cierta"), in this case, the word 'certain' ("cierta") after the noun is used to give emphasis that she speaks the truth without any doubt.
Michel said certain news ("una cierta noticia"), in Spanish, when we use the word 'certain' ("cierta") before the noun, it becomes an adjective that indicates that something is being indicated in a limited way. This expression reflects that it is not known if the information she provided is true or false, but is must be found out because it does not come from an accurate source.
Alejandro is described as a silent person, which refers to the fact that he does not usually talk much.
On the other hand, about Jackson it is said that every time he speaks, he is all talk ("pura bulla"). This expression is used to describe a person who lies or never keeps his word, which clearly indicates that he is not a person whose words can be trusted because they are usually lies.
An finally, Caroline talks about clean air, referring to the environment, while Wuil talks about how chips (a snack) are usually pure air, alluding to the fact that chips bags contain very little chips.
Therefore, based on the descriptions, it is clear that the person who is a liar is the one who is all talk ("pura bulla"), in this case Jackson.

English Final Answer: Jackson.


En una orquesta local quién toca el piano y quién canta van al mismo camerino. De cinco de los ocho musicos en las cuerdas, tres de los siete en los metales y uno de los tres percusionistas también van al mismo. La cantante y yo somos pareja y yo soy la directora. Además a los precusionistas les tenemos los motes de 'el zampabollos', 'el mazas' y 'campanilla'. ¿Cuántos hombres y mujeres somos en la banda?

Prompt Translation to English: In a local orchestra, the person who plays the piano and the person who sings go to the same dressing room. Five of the eight string musicians, three of the seven brass musicians, and one of the three percussionists also go to the same one. The singer ('la cantante', 'la' indicates female) and I are couple, and I am the director (female), ('directora' is in the feminine form). Additionally, the percussionists have the nicknames 'el zampabollos' (glutton, the masculine article 'el' indicates he is a man), 'el mazas' (the mallet-man, masculine article again), and 'campanilla' (tinkerbell). How many men and women are in the band?

English Reasoning: There are 21 musicians in total, one pianist, one singer, eight strings, seven brass, three percussionists, and the director.

From the first statement, it is known that the pianist and the singer share the same dressing room.

The percussionists are nicknamed as 'el zampabollos' (used to say that somebody is glutton, the masculine article 'el' indicates that he is a male), 'el mazas' (it can be applied to somebody that is muscled but, in this case, being a percussionist it makes reference to the mallet-man, the masculine article 'el' indicates that he is male again) and finally, 'campanilla' (this nickname is used to women and girls).

Having only one female percussionist, it is the only one who can share the dressing room without mixing genders. This way the five string musicians and three brass musicians that share the dressing room with the percussionist are also women. This adds up to nine women.

From the last clues 'yo soy la directora', 'directora' is in the feminine form, therefore, the narrator is a woman. Also, 'la cantante' is in feminine form due to the feminine article 'la', then the singer is also a woman. This means that the pianist is a woman as well since she shares the dressing room with the singer.

Gathering all of this, of the 21 musicians, they are women the director, the singer, the pianist, five strings, three brass, and one percussionist, this adds up to 12 women which means that the rest are men, that is 9 men.


Mi amigo David de Argentina me dijo que tiene varios amigos que no se conocen pero están buscando pareja. Me dijo lo siguiente:

"Mi amigo es Juan es muy gato. Mi amiga Marta es muy seria. A mi amigo Marcos le dicen collar de garrafas. A Juliana le dicen que es una santa. A Carlos le dicen lengua de loro. A María le dicen que es un espíritu libre." ¿Cómo debería recomendarle armar las parejas de forma tal que en dos haya personalidades similares y en la otra una relación de complementos?

My friend David from Argentina told me that he has several friends that don't know each other but are looking for partners. He told me the following:

"My friend Juan is like a cat (charming). My friend Marta is really serious. My friend Marcos is called gas-tanks necklase. Juliana is called a saintess. Carlos is called parrot tongue. Maria is called a free spirit." How should I recommend pairing them so that two couples have similar personalities and the other one have complimenting ones?

English Reasoning: Since your friend is from Argentina, it is necessary to understand what the phrases and words used to describe the friends mean in that country.

-Juan is like a cat ("muy gato") which in Argentina means to be a seductive man that does not like to stay in one place.
-Marta is really serious. It is self-explanatory.
-Marcos is called a gas-tanks necklace ("collar de garrafas"). This is a phrase in Argentina used to describe someone that is really annoying.
-Juliana is called a saintess, which is an expression used to describe a person that has a lot of patience.
-Carlos is called a parrot tongue ("lengua de loro"). This comes from the phrase "dry as a parrot tongue" and is used in Argentina to say that something or someone is really dry. When talking about a person, it means that he or she never shows emotions.
-María is called a free spirit, which means that she is not usually attached to anything, and goes wherever she pleases.

Taking these descriptions into account, Juan and María would make a pair with matching personalities, since they are both outgoing and adventurous. Carlos should be paired with Marta to have another pair with matching personalities. She is a really serious person, and Carlos almost never shows emotions. Finally, Marcos and Juliana would make a complementary pair. He is an annoying person, but she, being a saintess, has the patience to tolerate him.

English Final Answer: Juan & María. Carlos & Marta. Marcos & Juliana.


Mi novio conoce a cuatro personas que le dicen "Cheo" pero a cada uno lo trata diferente, dependiendo de su tamaño o si lo trata de manera formal o informal. El primer "Cheo" es su jefe al que respeta mucho, es bajito y se encuentra a su lado, el segundo "Cheo" es su tío que es bajito, respeta mucho y está lejos de él, el tercer "Cheo" es su hermanito que está a una distancia de 2 metros y el último "Cheo" es su mejor amigo al que le tiene mucha confianza y está a centímetros de él. Me escribió mensajes de texto, refiriéndose a cada uno de ellos en diferentes horas del día, según las pistas, dime de quién estaba hablando.
-A las 10 am me escribió: Este Chein me va a enloquecer, quiere que lo acompañe más tarde.
-A las 11 am me escribió: No quiero que me vea el Cheo de aquí, ayúdame.
-A las 12 pm me escribió: Dile a aquel Chein que no se preocupe.
-A la 1 pm me escribió: El Cheo de ahí no quiere comer, llámalo.

10 am: jefe
11 am: mejor amigo
12 pm: tío
1 pm: hermanito

My boyfriend knows four people who are called "Cheo" (affectionate diminutive of José), but he treats each one differently, depending on their size or whether he addresses them formally or informally. The first "Cheo" is his boss, whom he respects a lot, is short, and is next to him; the second "Cheo" is his uncle, who is short, respected, and far away; the third "Cheo" is his little brother, who is 2 meters away; and the last "Cheo" is his best friend, whom he trusts a lot and is very close to. He texted me referring to each of them at different times of the day. Based on the clues, tell me who he was talking about.
-At 10 am, he texted: This Chein (diminutive of Cheo) is going to drive me crazy, wants me to accompany him later.
-At 11 am, he texted: I don't want the Cheo from here to see me, help me.
-At 12 pm, he texted: Tell that Chein (diminutive of Cheo) not to worry.
-At 1 pm, he texted: The Cheo from there ('ahí' middle distance) doesn't want to eat, call him.

English Reasoning: Spanish demonstratives and phrases indicate relative distance:
* "Este" (this one) refers to someone standing very close at his side and "Chein" is a diminutive of "Cheo," which indicates someone short: the boss.
*"De aquí" ("from here") suggests someone almost on top of him, centimeters away: the best friend.
*"Aquel" (that one over there) denotes someone far away and "Chein" is a diminutive of "Cheo," which indicates someone short: the uncle.
*"De ahí" (from there) implies a middle distance, about two meters: the little brother.

English Final Answer:
10 am: boss (in Spanish, "jefe")
11 am: best friend (in Spanish, "mejor amigo")
12 pm: uncle (in Spanish, "tío")
1 pm: little brother (in Spanish, "hermanito")


Vamos a hacer un juego, te voy a dar una sopa de palabras y tienes que elegir las adecuadas para formar con ellas una frase cómica.

ser, Vas, a, chatarra, y, duramente, dormir, Te, retorcido, electrónica, mañana, o, vivir, cantando, modelo, hacer, a, dichoso, voy, fallar.

Te doy una pista. El orden de las palabras es:

1º: Pronombre átono, segunda persona del singular.
2º: Primera persona del singular del presente de indicativo de un verbo irregular de la tercera conjugación.
3º: Preposición.
4º: Infinitivo de un verbo de la segunda conjugación.
5º: Infinitivo de un verbo de la primera conjugación.
6º: Coma.
7º: Adjetivo masculino singular.
8º: Sustantivo masculino singular.
9º: Adjetivo masculino singular.
10º: Punto.
11º: Segunda persona del singular del presente de indicativo de un verbo irregular de la tercera conjugación.
12º: Preposición.
13º: Infinitivo de un verbo de la segunda conjugación.
14º: Sustantivo femenino singular.
15º: Adjetivo femenino singular.
16º: Punto.

Prompt Translation to English: Let's play a game. I am going to give you a word soup and you have to choose the appropriate ones to from a comical sentence.

The words are: ser (be), Vas (You go/are going to), a (to), chatarra (junk), y (and), duramente (hardly/strongly), dormir (sleep), te (you/ to you), retorcido (twisted/perverse), electrónica (electronic), mañana (tomorrow), o (or), vivir (live), cantando (singing), modelo (model), hacer (do/make), a (to), dichoso (blessed/damn depending on the position of the adjective), voy (I go/ am going to), fallar (fail).

I will give you a clue. The order of the words is:

1st: Atonic pronoun, second person singular.
2nd: First person singular of the present indicative of an irregular third conjugation verb.
3rd: Preposition.
4th: Infinitive of a second conjugation verb.
5th: Infinitive of a first conjugation verb.
6th: Comma.
7th: Masculine singular adjective.
8th: Masculine singular noun.
9th: Masculine singular adjective.
10th: Full stop.
11th: Second person singular of the present indicative of an irregular third conjugation verb.
12th: Preposition.
13th: Infinitive of a second conjugation verb.
14th: Feminine singular noun.
15th: Feminine singular adjective.
16th: Period.

English Reasoning: In the prompt there are given a set of words that have to be chosen and sorted to form a comical sentence. The type and the order of the words are given as a clue.

The first word is the unstressed pronoun, second person singular, the word that fulfills this requirement is 'Te'.
The second word is the first person singular of the present indicative of an irregular verb of the third conjugation, the word that fulfills these conditions is 'voy'.
The third word is a preposition, the only prepositions in the given words are the 'a' that is twice.
The fourth word is the infinitive of a second conjugation verb, this condition is fulfilled by 'hacer' and 'ser'. However, regarding the context, the only suitable form is 'hacer' due to the verbal periphrasis 'voy a hacer', remaining the partial sentence as 'Te voy a hacer' (I am going to make you). The other option 'Te voy a ser' (I am going to be to you) does not make sense
The fifth word is the infinitive of a first conjugation verb, this condition is only fulfilled by 'fallar'.
The sixth is a comma.
The seventh is a masculine singular adjective, this condition is fulfilled by 'dichoso' and 'retorcido'.
The eighth is masculine singular noun.
The ninth is a masculine singular adjective, this condition is fulfilled by 'dichoso' and 'retorcido'.

The seventh, eighth and ninth words have two options 'dichoso modelo retorcido' and 'retorcido modelo dichoso'.
'retorcido modelo dichoso' means 'blessed twisted model' and does not sound natural. This word order means like the model has the quality of be twisted that by its nature and construction. Here is more comical and makes much sense regarding the previous context 'dichoso modelo retorcido' that means 'damn perverse model'. The change in the position of 'dichoso' changes the meaning from 'blessed' to something annoying and 'retorcido' in this case means 'twisted' in the sense of 'pervert'.

The tenth is a full stop.
The eleventh is the second person singular of the present indicative of an irregular third conjugation verb. The word that fulfills this requirement is 'Voy'.
The twelfth is the preposition in the word set 'a'.
The thirteenth is the infinitive of a second conjugation verb. Being employed the verb 'hacer' previously, the only verb that fulfills this condition is 'ser'.
The fourteenth is a feminine singular noun, this condition is only fulfilled by the word 'chatarra'.
The fifteenth is a feminine singular adjective, the word that fulfills this condition is 'electrónica'.
The last is a period.

Gathering all the exposed the sentence formed is: Te voy a hacer fallar, dichoso modelo retorcido. Vas a ser chatarra electrónica. (I am going to make you fail, damn pervert model. You are going to be electronic junk.)

English Final Answer: Te voy a hacer fallar, dichoso modelo retorcido. Vas a ser chatarra electrónica.


Los abuelos de un vecino eran españoles y me cuenta que fabricaban vinos, pero un día hubo un incidente. Resulta que después de elaborar 1 moyo de vino, se les volteó el envase y se perdieron 4 cántaras de vino. La venta del litro de vino era de 3 perras chicas. ¿Cuántas pesetas terminaron ganando por esa producción? Redondéalo al decimal más cercano.

The grandparents of a neighbor were Spanish, and he tells me that they made wines, but one day there was an incident. After producing 1 "moyo" (capacity measurement for wines) of wine, the container tipped over, and 4 "cántaras" (capacity measurement for wines) of wine were lost. The sale price of a liter of wine was 3 "perras chicas" (old Spanish coins). How many "pesetas" (old Spanish currency) did they end up earning from that production? Round to the nearest decimal.

English Reasoning: First, we need to understand the old Spanish units of measurement and currency:

• 1 "moyo" (capacity measurement for wines) = 16 cántaras = 258.128 liters

• 1 "cántara" (capacity measurement for wines) = 16.133 liters

• 1 "perra chica" (old Spanish coins) = 5 cents of a "peseta" (old Spanish currency). So, 3 perras chicas = 15 cents = 0.15 pesetas.

The total production was 1 moyo = 258.128 liters.
They lost 4 cántaras = 4 x 16.133 = 64.532 liters.
Remaining wine for sale = 258.128–64.532 = 193.596 liters.

Total earnings = 193.596 liters x 0.15 pesetas/liter = 29.0394 pesetas.
Round to the nearest decimal: 29.0 pesetas

English Final Answer: 29.0 pesetas


El esposo de mi tía era de Barcelona, España y cuando era joven tenía una granja que medía 80 canas destra de largo por 65 canas destra de ancho. Luego, cuando su hijo mayor creció, le regaló una parte de la granja que media 65 canas destra de ancho por 70 palmos de largo. ¿Con cuántos metros cuadrados de granja se quedó el esposo de mi tía?

The husband of my aunt was from Barcelona, Spain, and when he was young, he had a farm that measured 80 "canas destra" (traditional Spanish measure) in length by 65 "canas destra" (traditional Spanish measure) in width. Later, when his eldest son grew up, he gave him a part of the farm that measured 65 "canas destra" (traditional Spanish measure) in length by 70 "palmos" (traditional Spanish measure) in length. How many square meters of the farm did the husband of my aunt keep?

English Reasoning:
The problem requires calculating the remaining area of a farm after a portion is given away. The dimensions are given in old Spanish units: "canas destra" and "palmos." We need to convert these to meters to find the area in square meters.

1. Unit Conversions:
• 1 cana destra (Barcelona) is equivalent to 2.3325 meters.
• 1 cana destra is also equivalent to 12 palmos (in Barcelona).
• Therefore, 1 palmo = 2.3325 meters / 12 = 0.194375 meters.
• For area conversion, 1 square cana destra = (2.3325 m)² = 5.4405 m².

2. Calculate the initial area of the farm:
• Original length = 80 canas destra
• Original width = 65 canas destra
• Initial area in equare canas destra = 80 x 65 = 5200 canas²
• Initial area in square meters = 5200 canas² x 5.4405 m²/canas² = 28290.6 m².

3. Calculate the area of the land given to the son:
• Gifted land width = 65 canas destra.
• Gifted land length = 70 palmos.
• To calculate the area, we convert both dimensions to a consistent unit (e.g., canas) or meters.

• Convert gifted length to canas: 70 palmos / (12 palmos/cana) = 5.83 canas destra.

• Gifted area in square canas destra = 65 canas x 5.83 canas = 378.95 canas²

• Gifted area in square meters = 378.95 canas² x 5.4405 m²/canas² = 2061.7 m².

4. Calculate the remaining area of the farm:
• Remaining area = Initial area (m²) - Gifted area (m²)
• Remaining area = 28290.6 m² - 2061.7 m² = 26228.9 m²

English Final Answer: 26228.9 m²


Un joven argentino llamado Tomás encuentra un viejo libro de contaduría en la antigua casa familiar. Era el libro de su abuelo Esteban, un inmigrante español que, al establecerse en la pampa argentina a inicios del siglo XX, siguió llevando sus cuentas agrícolas usando las medidas tradicionales que conoció de pequeño: toneladas, quintales, arrobas, fanegas ...

En una de las páginas, encuentra la siguiente anotación convertida por él mismo:

"La cosecha de los dos primeros trimestres del año ha
 rendido:
-64 fanegas de trigo
-108 fanegas de centeno
-70 fanegas de cebada"

Al pasar la hoja, Tomás se topa con otra entrada del cuaderno. Esta vez, su abuelo había registrado parte de la producción en distintas unidades:

"Producción adicional de los dos trimestres finales del año:
-1.5 toneladas de trigo
-30 quintales de centeno
-0.7 toneladas de cebada"

Tomás decide analizar la capacidad de producción de aquella época, para después, en otro momento, compararlo con el actual.

¿Cuál era la capacidad de producción de cada uno los 3 cultivos en kilogramos?

A young Argentine named Tomás finds an old accounting book in the old family house. It belonged to his grandfather Esteban, a Spanish immigrant who after settling in the Argentine pampa (a state named La Pampa) in the early 20th century kept his agricultural records using traditional Castilian weight units “toneladas” (tonnes), “quintales” (hundredweight), “arrobas” (traditional Castilian measure for measuring weights), and “fanegas” (traditional Castilian measure for measuring weights).

On one page, he finds an entry converted by his grandfather himself
“The harvest from the first two quarters of the year yielded
-64 fanegas (traditional Castilian measure for measuring weights) of wheat
-108 fanegas (traditional Castilian measure for measuring weights) of rye
-70 fanegas (traditional Castilian measure for measuring weights) of barley"

Turning the page, Tomás sees another entry where his grandfather recorded part of the production in different units
“Additional production from the final two quarters of the year:
-1.5 tonnes of wheat
-30 hundredweight of rye
-0.7 tonnes of barley"

Tomás decides to analyze the production capacity from that time to later compare it with the present.

What was the total production capacity of the 3 crops?

English Reasoning:

In traditional Castilian agricultural systems, several units were used to measure weight, especially in the context of harvests. Among these, the fanega and quintal were common. The fanega was originally a unit of volume used to measure dry goods, such as grain. Still, over time, it came to represent different weights depending on the type of crop due to variations in density. That is why there are three different fanega values: one for wheat (43.247 kilograms), one for rye (41.407 kilograms), and one for barley (32.205 kilograms). Each was adapted to reflect the typical weight of a fanega of that specific grain. The quintal, on the other hand, was a standardized weight equivalent to 46.008 kilograms.

To determine the total annual production of the three crops, the first step is to convert all traditional units into kilograms. For the first half of the year, the production is recorded in fanegas, so each crop's fanegas are multiplied by their specific weight equivalents in kilograms, as the fanega value changes depending on the type of grain. For the second half of the year, the production is given in toneladas and quintales, which are also converted to kilograms using their respective equivalences. Once all quantities are in the same unit, the production from both halves of the year is added together for each crop, resulting in the total annual output in kilograms.

Equivalences used (traditional Castilian measures)
1 "tonelada" (tonne) = 1000 kilograms
1 "quintal" (hundredweight) = 46.008 kilograms
1 "fanega de trigo" (wheat fanega) = 43.247 kilograms
1 "fanega de centeno" (rye fanega) = 41.407 kilograms
1 "fanega de cebada" (barley fanega) = 32.205 kilograms

First two quarters

Equivalences (from fanega to kilograms)
1 "fanega de trigo" (wheat fanega) = 43.247 kg
1 "fanega de centeno" (rye fanega) = 41.407 kg
1 "fanega de cebada" (barley fanega) = 32.205 kg

Multiply the number of fanegas by the equivalent in kilograms for each crop
Wheat: 64 fanegas × 43.247 kg/fanega = 2,767.81 kg
Rye: 108 fanegas × 41.407 kg/fanega = 4,471.96 kg
Barley: 70 fanegas × 32.205 kg/fanega = 2,254.35 kg

The second two bimesters

Important equivalences
1 "tonelada" (tonne) = 1000 kilograms
1 "quintal" (hundredweight) = 46.008 kilograms

Convert toneladas to kilograms
Wheat: 1.5 toneladas × 1000 kg/tonelada = 1500 kg
Barley: 0.7 toneladas × 1000 kg/tonelada = 700 kg

Convert quintales to kilograms
Rye: 30 quintales × 46.008 kg/quintal = 1,380.24 kg

Final annual calculation

Production first semester (in kg)
Wheat: 2,767.81 kg
Rye: 4,471.96 kg
Barley: 2,254.35 kg

Production second semester (in kg)
Wheat: 1,500.00 kg
Rye: 1,380.24 kg
Barley: 700.00 kg

Production total annual (sum of both semesters)
Wheat: 2,767.81 + 1,500.00 = 4,267.81 kg
Rye: 4,471.96 + 1,380.24 = 5,852.20 kg
Barley: 2,254.35 + 700.00 = 2,954.35 kg

English Final Answer: Wheat: 4,267.81 kg, rye: 5,852.20 kg, and barley: 2,954.35 kg