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2021-05-01 | African swine fever virus (ASFV) has been circulating in China for more than two years, and it is not clear whether the biological properties of the virus have changed. Here, we report on our surveillance of ASFVs in seven provinces of China, from June to December, 2020. A total of 22 viruses were isolated and characte... | Emergence and prevalence of naturally occurring lower virulent African swine fever viruses in domestic pigs in China in 2020 | 10.1007/s11427-021-1904-4 |
2021-05-01 | Abstract Vysotskite is widespread in the Noril’sk-I deposit of Co–Ni–Cu sulfide massive and disseminated (“amygdaloid”) ores affected by posttrap low-grade metamorphism under conditions of prehnite–pumpellyite and zeolite (lomontite) facies, in association with ferruginous chlorite, babingtonite, ilvaite, greenalite, m... | The Vysotskite holotype: Metamorphogenic–Hydrothermal Vysotskite (Pd,Ni)S from the Noril’sk-1 Deposit | 10.3103/S0145875221030121 |
2021-05-01 | Introduction Although teriparatide (TPTD) and exercise may improve osteoporosis, muscle atrophy, and fat metabolism during ageing, the effects of treatment with a combination of TPTD and exercise on these factors remain unclear. Therefore, this study examined the effects of TPTD and exercise on bone, skeletal muscle, a... | Teriparatide and exercise improve bone, skeletal muscle, and fat parameters in ovariectomized and tail-suspended rats | 10.1007/s00774-020-01184-0 |
2021-05-01 | Gaseous flow through ultra-tight porous media, e.g. shale and some high-performance insulation materials, is often rarefied, invalidating an analysis by the continuum flow theory. Such rarefied flows can be accurately described by the kinetic theory of gases which utilizes the Boltzmann equation and its simplified kine... | Pore-Scale Study of Rarefied Gas Flows Using Low-Variance Deviational Simulation Monte Carlo Method | 10.1007/s11242-021-01588-0 |
2021-05-01 | Injecting carbon dioxide into coal seams for storage is an effective means to solve environmental problems such as the greenhouse effect. A history match study on a case of originally designed multi-well pilot CO 2 -ECBM field testing is introduced in this article. Numerical simulations were undertaken to study the pri... | Effective means to alleviate the greenhouse effect: case study of history match simulations on a brief CO2 injection into less-deep low-rank coal seams | 10.1007/s12517-021-07104-4 |
2021-05-01 | Abstract For the first time in Russia, the Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE, RAS) developed, manufactured, and investigated three types of monolithic integrated circuits for the Ku and Ka-bands based on gallium nitride heterostructures on silicon s... | Ku and Ka-band Gallium Nitride Monolithic Integrated Circuits on Silicon Substrates | 10.1134/S1063739721030045 |
2021-05-01 | The use of 3D digitizing tools is becoming the base for subject-specific products, such as the orthopaedic production process of orthoses and prostheses. This paper aims at comparing the metrological behaviour of low-cost devices (Kinect 1 and 2 by Microsoft, Structure Sensor by Occipital) and high-resolution active se... | Comparison of geometrical accuracy of active devices for 3D orthopaedic reconstructions | 10.1007/s00170-021-06778-0 |
2021-05-01 | Recently, simultaneous measurements of the masses and the radii of neutron stars from X-ray observations by the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) have been reported. In addition, gravitational wave detections from the mergers of neutron star binaries allowed us to estimate the tidal deformability of ne... | Neutron star properties from astrophysical observations | 10.1007/s40042-021-00084-4 |
2021-05-01 | As a type of water reducer, polycarboxylate superplasticizers (PCEs) has been widely used in the concrete industry. The concentration and molecule weight of PCEs have a profound impact on the performance of fresh concrete. Based on 1 H low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, this paper developed a nove... | Application of 1H Low-Field NMR Spectroscopy for the Determination of the Concentration and Molecule Weight of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizers | 10.1007/s10812-021-01176-6 |
2021-05-01 | Abstract For the first time, experiments were performed using an ad hoc laboratory setup to study the mechanisms of the effects of low-intensity ultrasound on toxigenic cyanobacteria Synechocysctis sp . that prevail in the northwestern part of Russia. It is found that ultrasound triggers two stress-protective metabolic... | The Effects of Low-Intensity Ultrasound on Toxigenic Cyanobacteria | 10.1134/S1028334X21050147 |
2021-05-01 | Tambaqui ( Colossoma macropomum ) are a model species for tropical fish physiology, but details are lacking about their ionoregulatory response to acid waters. To provide specifics, we measured unidirectional Na + fluxes in low pH waters. Sodium influx ( $$J_{{{\text{in}}}}^{{{\text{Na}}}}$$ J in Na ) was uninhibited d... | Exposure to pH 3.5 water has no effect on the gills of the Amazonian tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) | 10.1007/s00360-021-01349-x |
2021-05-01 | HIV-1 transactivator protein (Tat) induces tight junction (TJ) dysfunction and amyloid-beta (Aβ) clearance dysfunction, contributing to the development and progression of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). The Rho/ROCK signaling pathway has protective effects on neurodegenerative disease. However, the und... | Rho-kinase inhibitor hydroxyfasudil protects against HIV-1 Tat-induced dysfunction of tight junction and neprilysin/Aβ transfer receptor expression in mouse brain microvessels | 10.1007/s11010-021-04056-x |
2021-05-01 | The paper presents the results of the transmission electron microscopy of the evolution of the dislocation substructure (DSS) of the polycrystalline ordered and disordered Pd 3 Fe alloys with low-stable structure and phase compositions. A flow chart is suggested for the transformation of the dislocation substructures d... | Evolution of Dislocation Substructure in Deformed Ordered and Disordered Pd3Fe Alloys in Low-Stability State | 10.1007/s11182-021-02305-6 |
2021-05-01 | The aim was to assess the results of primary anastomosis (PA) compared to enterostomy (ES) in infants with spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) and a weight below 1000 g. Between 2014 and 2016, enterostomy was routinely carried out on extremely low birth weight (ELBW) patients with SIP. From 2016 until 2019, all pa... | Primary anastomosis as a valid alternative for extremely low birth weight infants with spontaneous intestinal perforation | 10.1007/s00431-021-03926-2 |
2021-05-01 | Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome can occur as a result of sepsis. Cardiac dysfunction is a serious component of multi-organ failure caused by severe sepsis. Telomere shortening is related to several heart diseases. Telomeres are associated with the shelterin protein complex, which contributes t... | Low-power infrared laser modulates telomere length in heart tissue from an experimental model of acute lung injury | 10.1007/s43630-021-00051-9 |
2021-05-01 | In the development of a land-sea coordination management strategy, it is necessary to analyze pollution sources and loads of pollutants entering the sea. This study estimated the sources and transport of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) entering Bohai Bay in Tianjin, a lower plain urban watershed, using a ... | Estimate of nutrient sources and transport into Bohai Bay in China from a lower plain urban watershed using a SPARROW model | 10.1007/s11356-020-11932-4 |
2021-05-01 | Background Low-cost sensors have the potential to democratize air pollution information and supplement regulatory networks. However, differentials in access to these sensors could exacerbate existing inequalities in the ability of different communities to respond to the threat of air pollution. Objective Our goal was t... | On the distribution of low-cost PM2.5 sensors in the US: demographic and air quality associations | 10.1038/s41370-021-00328-2 |
2021-05-01 | Cardiovascular events can occur after deferred revascularization, and malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) has been suggested to be an atherogenic marker. We investigated the relationship between serum MDA-LDL levels and clinical outcomes in patients with fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided defer... | Impact of malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein on clinical outcomes after fractional flow reserve-guided deferral of revascularization | 10.1007/s00380-020-01731-9 |
2021-05-01 | Experiments to characterize the constant-rate gas depleted production behavior in core samples were performed to study the areal gas flowing mechanism of a high-pressure low-permeability heterogeneous gas reservoir, including a newly designed long-core experiment on areal heterogeneity constant-rate gas depleted produc... | Experimental Study on Areal Flowing During Depletion of a High-Pressure Heterogeneous Gas Reservoir | 10.1007/s10553-021-01259-2 |
2021-05-01 | Abstract The antioxidant properties, spectral characteristics and the composition of lipids isolated from marigold flowers and sea buckthorn fruits and from their 50% water-propyleneglycol (WPG) extracts were studied. Significant quantitative differences in the inhibitory efficiency, the quantitative ratio of lipid fra... | Inhibitory Efficiency of the Lipid Component of Plant Objects Depending on the Polarity of the Eluent | 10.1134/S0006350921030179 |
2021-05-01 | Study design Prospective experimental uncontrolled trial. Background Vertebrogenic pain is a frequently underestimated cause of chronic low back pain (LBP). Vertebral endplate degeneration, characterized by cortical bone damage and subchondral bone inflammatory reaction, is a significant source of LBP, the responsible ... | Intra-osseous basivertebral nerve radiofrequency ablation (BVA) for the treatment of vertebrogenic chronic low back pain | 10.1007/s00234-020-02577-8 |
2021-05-01 | Negative correlations between elements, molecules, or minerals can indicate a variety of geochemical processes, such as ion exchange, incongruent mineral precipitation/dissolution, and redox reactions. However, compositional data (those composed of relative parts) can also exhibit negative correlations simply due to di... | Weighted Symmetric Pivot Coordinates for Compositional Data with Geochemical Applications | 10.1007/s11004-020-09862-5 |
2021-05-01 | Water quality index and chemometric methods were employed to assess the groundwater quality and contamination sources in the upper Ganges basin (UGB) and lower Ganges basin (LGB) as groundwater is a sole source for drinking, domestic and agricultural uses. Groundwater samples were collected from UGB ( n = 44) and LGB (... | Application of water quality index and chemometric methods on contamination assessment in the shallow aquifer, Ganges River basin, India | 10.1007/s11356-020-12270-1 |
2021-05-01 | Invertebrates change the metabolite concentrations in their bodies to adapt to environmental salinity. The kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus is one such invertebrate. It lives in coastal areas and is also known to change free amino acid concentrations depending on environmental salinity. To examine the relationship ... | Changes in metabolite concentrations in the abdominal muscle of the kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus in response to different salinities | 10.1007/s12562-021-01512-x |
2021-05-01 | Landslide susceptibility zonation (LSZ) map is prepared for a part of the lower Himalayas using the fuzzy cosine amplitude method. The prepared LSZ map is validated both statistically and physically, and it is found that around 30% of the study area lies in zones of high to very high landslide susceptibility. To correl... | Landslide Susceptibility Zonation With Special Emphasis on Tectonic Features for Occurrence of Landslides in Lower Indian Himalaya | 10.1007/s12524-020-01285-3 |
2021-04-29 | We report in-situ dating, and Hf and O-isotope studies of zircon crystals, together with electron microprobe imaging of garnet crystals from a migmatitic diorite containing noritic globules, in the Ursuya massif (French Pyrenees). Diorite zircon crystals have old inherited cores and 295 ± 2 Ma rims, while those in the ... | Age, duration and mineral markers of magma interactions in the deep crust: an example from the Pyrenees | 10.1007/s00410-021-01789-2 |
2021-04-29 | Many studies have been carried out to investigate the cyclic water injection (CWI) in enhancing oil recovery, while most of the target reservoirs are conventional, and the study for CWI in application to ultralow permeability reservoir is limited. In this study, a combination of experiment and numerical simulation was ... | Experimental and simulation investigations of cyclic water injection in low-permeability reservoir | 10.1007/s12517-021-07129-9 |
2021-04-28 | Background Glioblastoma is the most frequent and high-grade adult malignant central nervous system tumor. The prognosis is still poor despite the use of combined therapy involving maximal surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Metabolic reprogramming currently is recognized as one of the hallmarks of cance... | Glutaminolysis dynamics during astrocytoma progression correlates with tumor aggressiveness | 10.1186/s40170-021-00255-8 |
2021-04-28 | In the present work, electro-optical and electronic properties of 4-n-pentyl- $$4^{\prime }$$ 4 ′ -cyanobiphenyl (5CB) and $$4^{\prime }$$ 4 ′ -cyano-4-n-pentyl-p-terphenyl (5CT) liquid crystal molecules have been investigated. The 5CB compound transforms from crystal to nematic phase at 24 $$^\circ $$ ∘ C and nematic ... | Electronic and electro-optical properties of 5CB and 5CT liquid crystal molecules: A comparative DFT study | 10.1007/s12043-021-02114-z |
2021-04-27 | We applied the method of coarse-graining the intermolecular vibrations to molecular heterodimers assembled by double hydrogen bonding. This method is based on principal component analysis, by which the original atomic displacement vectors are projected onto a lower-dimensional space spanned by a basis set of translatio... | Optimizing a coarse-grained space for approximate normal-mode vibrations of molecular heterodimers | 10.1007/s00894-021-04743-y |
2021-04-26 | We derive explicit expressions for a specific subclass of Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity bilocal correlators, corresponding to degenerate Virasoro representations. On the disk, these degenerate correlators are structurally simple, and they allow us to shed light on the 1/C Schwarzian bilocal perturbation series. In par... | Degenerate operators in JT and Liouville (super)gravity | 10.1007/JHEP04(2021)245 |
2021-04-26 | Transition to turbulence is an important phenomenon which has been studied extensively in literature both experimentally as well as numerically. Development of turbulence characteristics in the laminar separation bubble has been studied experimentally using hot wire anemometer and numerically for two Reynolds number us... | Measurement of Turbulent Characteristics at Low Reynolds Number and Comparison with CFD for Eppler 387 | 10.1007/s40032-021-00698-4 |
2021-04-19 | Background Low temperature severely depresses the uptake, translocation from the root to the shoot, and metabolism of nitrate and ammonium in thermophilic plants such as cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ). Plant growth is inhibited accordingly. However, the availability of information on the effects of low temperature on nit... | Adaptation of cucumber seedlings to low temperature stress by reducing nitrate to ammonium during it’s transportation | 10.1186/s12870-021-02918-6 |
2021-04-17 | In this study, dual-phase (DP, ferrite + martensite) microstructures were obtained by performing intercritical heat treatments (IHT) at 750 and 800 °C followed by quenching. Decreasing the IHT temperature from 800 to 750 °C leads to: (i) a decrease in the volume fraction of austenite (martensite after quenching) from 0... | Low-carbon cast microalloyed steel intercritically heat-treated at different temperatures: microstructure and mechanical properties | 10.1007/s43452-021-00222-6 |
2021-04-16 | Background Bio-nanotechnology is considered as one of the low-cost approaches that have been utilized in production of nanomaterials. The current research aimed at investigating the influence of different types of Actinomycete strains on the final properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) such as size, shape, polydisp... | Actinomycete strain type determines the monodispersity and antibacterial properties of biogenically synthesized silver nanoparticles | 10.1186/s43141-021-00153-y |
2021-04-15 | Natural geochemical processes and anthropogenic activities produce selenium (Se)-containing wastewater, in which selenium is present as selenous acid (Se(IV)) and selenic acid (Se(VI)). Herein, we evaluated the Se removal performances of magnesium oxide (MgO) with different crystallinities at pH 10.5. Normal MgO and lo... | Selenite and Selenate Adsorption on Low-Crystalline Magnesium Oxide Under Alkaline Conditions | 10.1007/s11270-021-05127-x |
2021-04-15 | Efficient delivery of dry powder aerosols dispersed with low volumes of air is challenging. This study aims to develop an efficient dry powder inhaler (DPI) capable of delivering spray-dried Survanta-EEG powders (3–10 mg) with a low volume (3 mL) of dispersion air. A series of iterative design modifications were made t... | Performance of Low Air Volume Dry Powder Inhalers (LV-DPI) when Aerosolizing Excipient Enhanced Growth (EEG) Surfactant Powder Formulations | 10.1208/s12249-021-01998-9 |
2021-04-10 | Poisonous gases, such as H 2 S and PH 3 , produced by industrial production harm humans and damage the environment. In this study, H 2 S and PH 3 were simultaneously removed at low temperature by modified activated carbon fiber (ACF) catalysts. We have considered the active metal type, content, precursor, calcination, ... | A Cu-modified active carbon fiber significantly promoted H2S and PH3 simultaneous removal at a low reaction temperature | 10.1007/s11783-021-1425-3 |
2021-04-08 | In recent years, the use of polyethylene (PE) for asphalt modification has been gaining increased attention due to the environmental sustainability and cost-saving benefits. To optimize the performance of the PE-asphalt blends, it is necessary to understand the polymer-binder interactions and their impact on the proper... | Influence of polymer structure and amount on microstructure and properties of polyethylene-modified asphalt binders | 10.1617/s11527-021-01683-0 |
2021-04-08 | Field calibrations of NO 2 , NO, and PM 10 from AQMesh Air Quality Monitors (AQMs) were conducted during a summer and an autumn period in a busy street in a midsize Swedish city. All the three linear calibration procedures studied (postscaled, bisquare, and orthogonal data) significantly reduced the ranges and magnitud... | Evaluation of field calibration methods and performance of AQMesh, a low-cost air quality monitor | 10.1007/s10661-021-09033-x |
2021-04-08 | Methanotrophs (methane-oxidizing bacteria) can degrade methane into carbon dioxide and water. In this paper, several types of methanotrophs have been successfully cultivated and sorted out based on microbial technology, and the processes and approaches used are described in detail. By using several types of active meth... | Experimental investigation of the use of methanotrophs for the degradation of low-concentration methane | 10.1007/s12517-021-07035-0 |
2021-04-06 | Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is uniquely suited to non-invasively and continuously monitor embolism formation in trees. Depending on the MRI method used, quantitative parameter maps of water content and MRI signal relaxation behavior can be generated. The ability to measure dynamic differences in water c... | Reduced spatial resolution MRI suffices to image and quantify drought induced embolism formation in trees | 10.1186/s13007-021-00732-7 |
2021-04-05 | The Pt-based expensive catalysts and sluggish kinetics at cathode in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) hinder the rapid commercialization of fuel cells. The quest for cheap, non-noble metal catalysts to replace Pt-based catalysts has thus become a critical issue in the field of fuel cells. The carbon black (CB) and CB su... | Metal-Organic Framework and Carbon Black supported MOFs as dynamic electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in an alkaline electrolyte | 10.1007/s12039-021-01900-x |
2021-04-05 | There is growing interest among nutritionists in feeding reduced protein diets to broiler chickens. Although nearly a century of research has been conducted providing biochemical insights on the impact of reduced protein diets for broilers, practical limitation still exists. The present review was written to provide in... | Progress of amino acid nutrition for diet protein reduction in poultry | 10.1186/s40104-021-00568-0 |
2021-04-01 | Product quality and efficiency are critical phenomena for every manufacturing unit to survive the pressure of the present days. This situation demands to develop a new cutting tool for industrial application. Hence, the current work aims to study the performance characteristics of the newly powder metallurgy (P/M) made... | Effects of Working Parameters on Performance Characteristics of Cutting Tools Processed through Powder Metallurgy under Turning Operation | 10.1007/s11665-021-05622-6 |
2021-04-01 | Pore structure characteristics are significant factor in the evaluation of the physical characteristics of low-rank coal. In this study, three low-rank coal samples were collected from the Xishanyao Formation, Santanghu Basin, and low-temperature liquid-nitrogen adsorption (LP-N 2 A) measurements were taken under vario... | The dynamic change of pore structure for low-rank coal under refined upgrading pretreatment temperatures | 10.1007/s12182-020-00536-9 |
2021-04-01 | The effects of magnetizer parameters on the temperature field of high-strength steel blanks are investigated through the combination of experiment and simulation. An electromagnetic-temperature three-dimensional finite element model is simulated. Numerical simulation indicates the spacing in the width direction signifi... | Effects of magnetizer parameters on the temperature field of high-strength steel blank in district-controlled induction heating-hot stamping | 10.1007/s00170-021-06806-z |
2021-04-01 | Two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), black phosphorus (BP), MXene and borophene, have aroused extensive attention since the discovery of graphene in 2004. They have wide range of applications in many research fields, such as optoelectronic devices, energy storage, catalysis, ... | Recent advances in anisotropic two-dimensional materials and device applications | 10.1007/s12274-020-3018-z |
2021-04-01 | Abstract In this work, a multi-core–shell-structured LiFePO 4 @Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 @C (LFP@NVP@C) composite was successfully designed and prepared to address inferior low-temperature performance of LiFePO 4 cathode for lithium-ion batteries. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirms the inner NVP and outer carbon ... | Multi-core–shell-structured LiFePO4@Na3V2(PO4)3@C composite for enhanced low-temperature performance of lithium-ion batteries | 10.1007/s12598-020-01669-x |
2021-04-01 | Low temperature in later spring severely limits plant growth and causes considerable yield loss in wheat. In this study, the impacts of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) on plant growth, grain yield and key physiological parameters of wheat plants were investigated under field low-temperature conditions using a field air t... | Alleviation of Field Low-Temperature Stress in Winter Wheat by Exogenous Application of Salicylic Acid | 10.1007/s00344-020-10144-x |
2021-04-01 | Abstract A series of Mn–Ti oxide catalysts were synthesized by the sol–gel method and the effects of different synthesis conditions were investigated in sequence. The microstructures and properties of the catalysts were characterized by using N 2 adsorption–desorption, XRD, SEM, H 2 -TPR, NH 3 -TPD, Raman and XPS. The ... | Low-Temperature Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3 Over Mn–Ti Oxide Catalyst: Effect of the Synthesis Conditions | 10.1007/s10562-020-03365-y |
2021-04-01 | Abstract The structure and mechanical properties of 09G2S steel are studied during uniaxial tension tests in the temperature range from room temperature to 1200°C. The temperatures above which the strength properties of the steel decrease are determined. Austenite grain growth is shown to be very weak in the temperatur... | Effect of High Temperatures on the Mechanical Properties of 09G2S Steel | 10.1134/S003602952104025X |
2021-04-01 | In this work, a 90W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe-3Cu alloy was developed for low-temperature sintering. Conventional 90W-7Ni-3Fe alloy, which is typically manufactured at 1500 °C, was synthesized at the same sintering conditions for comparison. In the low-temperature range from 1250 to 1400 °C, sintering densification, microstructure e... | Densification, Microstructure Evolution, and Mechanical Properties of Low-Temperature-Sintered 90W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe-3Cu Alloy | 10.1007/s11665-021-05539-0 |
2021-04-01 | By conducting tension–tension low-cycle fatigue tests on three groups of specimens, this paper determined the mechanism and effect of warm laser shock peening (WLSP) on the fatigue performance of DD6 nickel-based single-crystal superalloy. The WLSP treatment induced ripples at the specimen surface, residual stress fiel... | Effect of Warm Laser Shock Peening on the Low-Cycle Fatigue Behavior of DD6 Nickel-Based Single-Crystal Superalloy | 10.1007/s11665-021-05508-7 |
2021-04-01 | A low MgO content in sinter is conducive to reduce the MgO content in blast furnace slag. This study investigated the effect of MgO content in sinter on the softening—melting behavior of the mixed burden based on fluxed pellets. When the MgO content increased from 1.31wt% to 1.55wt%, the melting temperature of sinter i... | Softening—melting behavior of mixed burden based on low-magnesium sinter and fluxed pellets | 10.1007/s12613-020-2047-7 |
2021-04-01 | Key message Total of 14 SNPs associated with overwintering-related traits and 75 selective regions were detected. Important candidate genes were identified and a possible network of cold-stress responses in woody plants was proposed. Abstract Local adaptation to low temperature is essential for woody plants to against ... | Natural population re-sequencing detects the genetic basis of local adaptation to low temperature in a woody plant | 10.1007/s11103-020-01111-x |
2021-04-01 | An effective design strategy for preparing highly transparent polyimide film with low dielectric constant is presented. The key to the strategy is to simultaneously introduce meta -substituted structure and trifluoromethyl in polymer chains. By using this design strategy, a highly transparent polyimide film with low- k... | Highly Transparent and Colorless Polyimide Film with Low Dielectric Constant by Introducing Meta-substituted Structure and Trifluoromethyl Groups | 10.1007/s10118-021-2514-2 |
2021-04-01 | Abstract The results of impact bending tests of 22K steel before and after long-term heat treatment provoking temper brittleness are presented, serial curves are plotted, the fracture surfaces after the tests are analyzed. The heat treatment of 22K steel, which provokes temper brittleness, is shown to cause a decrease ... | Effect of Long-Term Annealing on the Impact Toughness of 22K Steel | 10.1134/S0036029521040248 |
2021-04-01 | Mesostructured silica materials with surface area in the range of ~700–900 m 2 /g have been prepared using hydroxy-carboxylic acid compounds such as tartaric acid, malic acid and citric acid (low cost non-surfactant template/pore forming agents) and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source by sol-gel reaction. T... | Synthesis, characterization and catalytic study of mesoporous carbon materials prepared via mesoporous silica using non-surfactant templating agents | 10.1007/s10934-020-01003-x |
2021-04-01 | The Fengyun series 4 (FY-4) Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) is the first interferometric infrared sounder operating in geostationary orbit internationally, for vertical air soundings of temperature and humidity. This paper describes the long-life Stirling cryocooler operating at 60 K in GIIRS. Th... | On-Orbit Performance of the FY-4 GIIRS Stirling Cryocooler Over 2 Years | 10.1007/s10909-021-02570-2 |
2021-04-01 | While the high elevation limit of trees is commonly related to low temperature, the rear edge of their distribution is often associated with drought. Here we explore phenology traits that contribute to a mechanistic explanation of both these edges of the fundamental niche in the broad leaved evergreen Quercus pannosa s... | Elevation-specific responses of phenology in evergreen oaks from their low-dry to their extreme high-cold range limits in the SE Himalaya | 10.1007/s00035-020-00245-4 |
2021-04-01 | The microstructure–mechanical property relationship of a Cu-bearing low-carbon high-strength low-alloy steel, subjected to a novel multistage heat treatment including quenching (Q), lamellarization (L) and tempering (T), is presented. Yield strength of 989.5 MPa and average toughness at − 80 °C of 41 J were obtained in... | Strengthening and toughening mechanism of a Cu-bearing high-strength low-alloy steel with refined tempered martensite/bainite (M/B) matrix and minor inter-critical ferrite | 10.1007/s42243-020-00500-2 |
2021-04-01 | HighSTEPS: A High Strain Temperature Pressure and Speed Apparatus to Study Earthquake Mechanics | 10.1007/s00603-021-02362-w | |
2021-04-01 | Abstract We report that the organic-inorganic composite of polyvinyl phenol (PVP) and lanthanum titanate can be used as a gate dielectric layer of a low-voltage thin film transistor (TFT). The high-k organic-inorganic composite is synthesized at low temperatures through a solution-processable method and deposited by a ... | Solution-Processable LaTiOx-PVP as Silicon-Free Gate Dielectric at Low Temperature for High-Performance Organic-Inorganic Field Effect Transistors | 10.1007/s11664-021-08766-2 |
2021-04-01 | Low level radioactive liquid waste (LLW) is generated at different stages of operation of reprocessing as well as radioactive waste management. The LLW generated here is alkaline with high salt content. It contains different radioisotopes namely 106 Ru, 125 Sb, 99 Tc, 137 Cs, 90 Sr and traces of Pu. Presence of 99 Tc i... | Removal of 99Tc from low level radioactive liquid waste using di-tert-butyldibenzo-18-crown-6 impregnated sorbent | 10.1007/s10967-020-07553-3 |
2021-04-01 | The specimens of austenitic stainless steels were machined to different strain rates (105 s −1 , 1050 s −1 , 1500 s −1 , 2100 s −1 ). These specimens were subjected to low-temperature sensitization (LTS) heat treatment. The LTS treatment was carried out at 475℃ and 575℃ for 24 h. Further, oxalic acid, double-loop elect... | Studies of Low-Temperature Sensitization after Sub-Surface Damage Evolution in Austenitic Stainless Steel | 10.1007/s13632-021-00736-8 |
2021-04-01 | We explore the application of electropulsing for the control of phase transformation in a low-carbon steel. The effect of electropulsing on the transformation from austenite to ferrite in continuous casting low-carbon steel slab has been studied through experimental and thermodynamic investigations. The results reveal ... | Effect of electropulsing on austenite to ferrite transformation in low-carbon steel | 10.1007/s42243-021-00557-7 |
2021-04-01 | The effect of hot rolling process on microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance of high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels was investigated by varying the finish rolling temperature (FRT) and total rolling reduction. The results revealed granular bainite with large equi... | Simultaneously Improving Mechanical Properties and Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance of High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel via Finish Rolling within Non-recrystallization Temperature | 10.1007/s40195-020-01161-6 |
2021-04-01 | The aim of this study was to form a low-carbon steel/TiN surface composite using duplex friction stir process (FSP) and plasma nitriding (PN). First, titanium powder was added to the steel surface by FSP through the pre-determined holes. After applying FSP, the specimens were subjected to plasma nitriding. The specimen... | Enhanced Surface Properties of Plain Carbon Steel by Duplex Process of Friction Stir Processing and Plasma Nitriding | 10.1007/s11665-021-05575-w |
2021-04-01 | This paper discusses the effect of thermal stress on the electrical properties, conduction and polarization, of low-voltage CSPE/XLPE-based power cables used in a nuclear power plant. The cables were subjected to an accelerated thermal stress at 120°C for an equivalent service period of 20, 40, 60 and 80 years. The cap... | Dielectric loss and extended voltage response measurements for low-voltage power cables used in nuclear power plant: potential methods for aging detection due to thermal stress | 10.1007/s00202-020-01121-4 |
2021-04-01 | Interfacial properties govern the metallurgical and mechanical behaviour of welded specimens. Hence to study the effect of different parameters on weld interface is an important aspect to bring the desired output properties for various applications. In this study, a newly developed low velocity of detonation explosive ... | Effect of explosive welding parameters on Al/LCS interface cladded by low velocity of detonation explosive welding (LVEW) process | 10.1007/s00170-021-06800-5 |
2021-04-01 | The Shaxi porphyry Cu–Au deposit is located in the northern part of the Luzong Basin on the outer edge of the southern Middle-Lower Yangtze River metallogenic belt, China. It is typical of the porphyry Cu–Au deposits in the metallogenic belt, with more than 1 Mt Cu at 0.55 wt% and 45 tons Au at 0.47 g/t. Hydrothermal a... | Ore genesis and hydrothermal evolution of the Shaxi porphyry Cu–Au deposit, Anhui province, Eastern China: evidence from isotopes (S–Sr–H–O), pyrite, and fluid inclusions | 10.1007/s00126-020-00995-5 |
2021-04-01 | Abstract The process parameters of the efficient influence on the block-like structuring of 10HFTBch low-perlite steel at thermoplastic treatment are identified. The thermoplastic treatment reserves ensuring high-level mechanical and technological properties of low-perlite steels are determined. | Reserves for Enhancing the Mechanical Performance of 10HFTBch Low-Perlite Steel Exposed to Thermoplastic Processing in Intercritical Temperature Ranges | 10.3103/S0967091221040100 |
2021-04-01 | The water-cooled WWR-K research reactor has been operating since 2016 using low-enrichment uranium fuel. In order to maintain high levels of generated power and reactivity margin sufficient for a 21-day operation cycle, the water-cooled core reflector of neutrons was gradually, depending on the fuel burnup, replaced by... | Time History of Performance Parameters of WWR-K Reactor during Gradual Replacement of the Water Reflector by a Beryllium One | 10.1007/s11182-021-02286-6 |
2021-04-01 | The low-dielectric inorganic adhesive is an important component of electromagnetic wave absorption coatings due to impedance matching with the atmospheric environment. Herein, high-enthalpy atmospheric plasma spraying (HE-APS) equipment is utilized to prepare Y 2 O 3 ceramic coatings, and the influence of spraying powe... | Influence of High-Enthalpy Atmospheric Plasma Spraying Process Parameters on Microwave Dielectric Properties of Y2O3 Coatings | 10.1007/s11666-020-01144-0 |
2021-04-01 | Abstract Phase equilibria along sections of the potassium acetate–glycerol–water system at temperatures from 0 to –62°C were studied by visual-polythermal analysis. The potassium acetate to glycerol ratio in the sections studied varied from 3 : 1 to 1 : 3. Compositions forming low-temperature eutectics were found to be... | Phase Equilibria along Sections of the Potassium Acetate–Glycerol–Water System at Temperatures from 0 to –62°C | 10.1134/S0036023621040112 |
2021-04-01 | There are four types of Mg–Al–Si–O inclusions observed in the Mg-treated Al-deoxidized ultra-low-carbon steel containing trace Si, including SiO 2 , 2MgO·SiO 2 , 3Al 2 O 3 ·2SiO 2 , and 2MgO·2Al 2 O 3 ·5SiO 2 and their composite inclusions. Using FactSage, the phase relationship of Mg–Al–Si–O system at 1473–2073 K was ... | Effect of trace Si on MgO·Al2O3 inclusion in ultra-low-carbon steel | 10.1007/s42243-020-00529-3 |
2021-04-01 | A comparative study was performed to better understand the feasibility of osmotic distillation as a process to produce a low-alcohol beer. Four diverse commercial beers styles were considered. The regular and corresponding dealcoholised beers were compared. The quality attributes and the volatile compounds loss after t... | Influence of the dealcoholisation by osmotic distillation on the sensory properties of different beer types | 10.1007/s13197-020-04662-5 |
2021-04-01 | Dinoflagellates are frequently exposed to cold-water temperatures, and some may survive in winter and in polar regions. Cold shock domain proteins (CSPs) seem to function as part of their adaptation to such stressful environments. In this study, we identified two CSP genes ( PmCSP1 and PmCSP2 ) in the marine dinoflagel... | Transcriptomic identification and expression analysis of cold shock domain protein (CSP) genes in the marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum | 10.1007/s10811-020-02332-9 |
2021-04-01 | Key message Studied organic molecules in Pinus sylvestris L. seem to have acted as a safety net for metal transport, chelation and sequestration, allowing adaptation and growth under highly polluted conditions. Abstract Pinus sylvestris L. is known for its ability to survive in areas of highly elevated metal pollution... | The influence of environmental condition on the creation of organic compounds in Pinus sylvestris L. rhizosphere, roots and needles | 10.1007/s00468-020-02046-y |
2021-04-01 | The change of the electrical properties of amorphous SiInZnO thin-film transistors (SIZO TFTs) depending on Si concentration have been investigated. As the Si content increased from 1 to 3 wt%, the electrical properties are systematically degraded, such as field-effect mobility from 19.86 to 11.16 cm 2 V −1 s −1 . Th... | Effect of Silicon Doping on the Electrical Performance of Amorphous SiInZnO Thin-film Transistors | 10.1007/s42341-021-00285-5 |
2021-04-01 | The Choco low-level jet is among the main regional circulation mechanisms related to the advection of water vapor from the eastern Pacific to northwestern South America. Variations in the intensity of position of the jet core are identified as determinant for regional moisture transport and associated rainfall. This pa... | The Choco low‐level jet: past, present and future | 10.1007/s00382-020-05611-w |
2021-04-01 | Polyethylene has considered as non-degradable for decades, and their degradation through marine bacteria has rarely studied. However, LDPE found a significant source of pollution in the marine environment. In the present study, four bacterial strains capable of biodegradation of LDPE were isolated from the marine envir... | Marine bacterial biodegradation of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic | 10.1007/s10532-021-09927-0 |
2021-04-01 | Mid-Infrared imaging is vital for the study of a wide variety of astronomical phenomena, including evolved stars, exoplanets, and dust enshrouded processes such as star formation in galaxies. However, infrared detectors have traditionally been expensive and it is difficult to achieve the sensitivity needed to see beyon... | A low-cost chopping system and uncooled microbolometer array for ground-based astronomy | 10.1007/s10686-021-09744-6 |
2021-04-01 | We report the development of zeolite nanocapsules (MCM-22 and ZSM-5) encapsulating ultra-low amount (0.01 wt%) of noble metal nanoparticles (Gold, Platinum and Palladium) for the oxidation of HMF. These catalysts showed enhanced HMF conversion (> 95%) with higher yield (> 90%) of FDCA under mild conditions (60 °C, 0.3 ... | Hollow Zeolites Encapsulating Ultra-Low Noble Metal Nanoparticles for HMF Oxidation | 10.1007/s10562-020-03361-2 |
2021-04-01 | The effects of inclusions on localized corrosion of Zr–Ti deoxidized low-alloy steels in marine environment were investigated by various analytical techniques including scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis (SEM/EDS), confocal Raman microscopy (CRM), and in situ scanning vibrating electrode technique (S... | Initiation and propagation of localized corrosion induced by (Zr, Ti, Al)-Ox inclusions in low-alloy steels in marine environment | 10.1007/s42243-020-00492-z |
2021-04-01 | We here characterize the response to the extremely low-frequency (ELF) magnetic field (MF, 50 Hz, 1 mT) of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, cultured in a three-dimensional (3D) Alvetex ® scaffold compared to conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayers. We proved that the growing phenotype of proliferating SH-SY5Y ce... | Exposure of the SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells to 50-Hz Magnetic Field: Comparison Between Two-Dimensional (2D) and Three-Dimensional (3D) In Vitro Cultures | 10.1007/s12035-020-02192-x |
2021-04-01 | Steatosis is a liver lesion reported with numerous pharmaceuticals. Prior studies showed that severe impairment of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (mtFAO) constantly leads to lipid accretion in liver. However, much less is known about the mechanism(s) of drug-induced steatosis in the absence of severe mitochondrial ... | Drug-induced hepatic steatosis in absence of severe mitochondrial dysfunction in HepaRG cells: proof of multiple mechanism-based toxicity | 10.1007/s10565-020-09537-1 |
2021-04-01 | Abstract The possibility of improving the thermal impact resistance and dielectric performance at 100–125°C of epoxy diane resins cured with an anhydride curing agent by means of reactive plasticizers (flexibilizers) and hardeners is considered. The efficiency of using CKD-KTRA low-molecular carboxylate rubbers as flex... | Epoxy Anhydride Low-Combustibility Compositions for Impregnating Electronics Products | 10.1134/S1995421221020337 |
2021-04-01 | Abstract The paper investigates the mechanical and physical properties of low-carbon pipe steel (analog of steel 20 corresponding to TU-28-FR-73) after 39 years of service life in a crude gas pipeline at the Orenburg oil and gas condensate field. It is shown that the standard mechanical properties of the gas pipeline s... | Fracture Stages and Residual Strength of Pipe Steel after Long-Term Operation | 10.1134/S1029959921040123 |
2021-04-01 | Climate change has taken an increasingly important space in the development agenda. However, whether most countries can meet the challenge of mitigating climate change while simultaneously ensuring growth and poverty reduction remains debatable. This research contributes to the growing literature at the intersection of... | Three Dimensions of Green Industrial Policy in the Context of Climate Change and Sustainable Development | 10.1057/s41287-021-00365-5 |
2021-04-01 | Metallothioneins (MTs) are phylogenetically old cysteine-rich proteins, which are implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Their growth-regulating, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory functions have been attributed not only to intracellular free radical scavenging and to zinc and copper reg... | Expression profiles of metallothionein-I/II and megalin/LRP-2 in uterine cervical squamous lesions | 10.1007/s00428-020-02947-w |
2021-04-01 | Background Progress has been made in the reduction of under-five mortality in India; however, neonatal mortality is reducing at a slower rate. Efforts are required to bring down neonatal mortality in order to attain the Sustainable Development Goal-3. Prevention of sepsis among the high-risk, vulnerable low birth weigh... | Evaluating the efficacy of a multistrain probiotic supplementation for prevention of neonatal sepsis in 0–2-month-old low birth weight infants in India—the “ProSPoNS” Study protocol for a phase III, multicentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial | 10.1186/s13063-021-05193-w |
2021-04-01 | The study tries to discover the impact of financial and social indicators’ growth towards environmental considerations to understand the drivers of economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions change in G7 countries. The DEA-like composite index has been used to examine the tradeoff between financial and social indicat... | Does tradeoff between financial and social indicators matters in environmental consideration: evidence from G7 region | 10.1007/s11356-020-12041-y |
2021-04-01 | Background Low T3 syndrome is frequent in patients admitted to intensive care units for critical illness and pneumonia. It has been reported also in patients with COVID-19, Hodgkin disease and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. We analyzed the clinical relevance of Low T3 syndrome in COVID-19 patients and, in particular, in... | Gene signature and immune cell profiling by high-dimensional, single-cell analysis in COVID-19 patients, presenting Low T3 syndrome and coexistent hematological malignancies | 10.1186/s12967-021-02805-6 |
2021-04-01 | The purposes of this study are to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) with laser and LED on rat calvaria osteoblasts (rGO lineage), cultured in osteogenic (OST) or regular (REG) medium, after induction of a quiescent state and to test if PBM is capable of osteogenic induction and if there is a sum of effec... | Laser and LED photobiomodulation effects in osteogenic or regular medium on rat calvaria osteoblasts obtained by newly forming bone technique | 10.1007/s10103-020-03056-5 |
2021-04-01 | For computational arithmetic, a full adder is the primary logic units in VLSI applications. A new full adder circuit design has been presented in this article which is based on input switching activity pattern and gate diffusion input (GDI) technique. The adder has been designed in two stages. The first stage is an XOR... | Fast and High-Performing 1-Bit Full Adder Circuit Based on Input Switching Activity Patterns and Gate Diffusion Input Technique | 10.1007/s00034-020-01550-3 |
2021-04-01 | Abstract This works deals with isolation of chloro complexes of platinum metals, in particular [IrCl 6 ] 3– and [IrCl 6 ] 2– , from hydrochloric acid solutions with different content of chloride ions by sorption method. Sorbents used were modified silicas obtained by the chemical grafting of short-chain polyethyleneimi... | Sorption of Iridium Complexes with Supported Ionic Liquids | 10.1134/S0036023621040045 |
2021-04-01 | The non- Saccharomyces yeasts represent a great richness for the production of new and different types of beers. In this study, the role of eight yeast strains ( Saccharomycodes ludwigii , Metchnikowia pulcherrima , Hanseniaspora uvarum , Hanseniaspora osmophila and Brettanomyces bruxellensis ) isolated from Asturian c... | Evaluation of indigenous non-Saccharomyces cider yeasts for use in brewing | 10.1007/s00217-020-03665-y |
2021-04-01 | Low-salinity waterflooding (LSWF) has, in the past decade, attained a lot of attention to enhance oil recovery. In LSWF, diluted water is injected into an oil reservoir to improve oil recovery. The injected low-saline water changes the wettability of the reservoir, which leads to higher oil recovery. The recovery of an... | Data-Driven Modeling Approach to Predict the Recovery Performance of Low-Salinity Waterfloods | 10.1007/s11053-020-09803-3 |
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